PMC:4632479 / 11226-13732 JSONTXT

{"target":"https://pubannotation.org/docs/sourcedb/PMC/sourceid/4632479","sourcedb":"PMC","sourceid":"4632479","source_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/4632479","text":"The natural and coded levels of independent variables based on the central composite design are shown in Table 2. The experimental values for each independent variables were chosen according to the results obtained from preliminary analysis. Table 3 indicates the four-factor, five-level CCD and the obtained and predicted values for the TC degradation rate (%) using the developed quadratic model. In RSM analysis, the approximation of y was proposed using the fitted second-order polynomial regression model which is called the quadratic model. A quadratic regression is the process of finding the equation of the parabola that fits best for a set of data [58].\nTable 2 Natural and coded levels of independent variables based on the central composite design\nIndependent variable Symbol Coded levels\n−2 −1 0 +1 +2\nNatural level\npH A 2.5 5 7.5 10 12.5\nTetracycline (mg/L) B 10 30 50 70 90\nPersulfate (Mm) C 1 2 3 4 5\nReaction time (min) D 30 60 90 120 150\nTable 3 Four-factor five-level central composite design for RSM\nRun Experimental conditions TC degradation rate (%)\npH (A) Tetracycline (mg/L) (B) Persulfate (mM) (C) Time (min) (D) Observed (%) Predicted (%)\n1 7.5 (0) 50 (0) 3 (0) 90 (0) 51.06 49.82\n2 2.5 (−2) 50 (0) 3 (0) 90 (0) 55.64 55.74\n3 7.5 (0) 50 (0) 3 (0) 90 (0) 48.45 49.82\n4 5 (−1) 70 (+1) 4 (+1) 60 (−1) 45.16 44.64\n5 5 (−1) 30 (−1) 4 (+1) 120 (+1) 86.62 86.33\n6 10 (+1) 70 (+1) 2 (−1) 120 (+1) 61.02 61.32\n7 7.5 (0) 50 (0) 3 (0) 150 (+2) 81.85 81.17\n8 5 (−1) 30 (−1) 2 (−1) 60 (−1) 34.55 35.25\n9 10 (+1) 30 (−1) 2 (−1) 60 (−1) 47.25 46.91\n10 10 (+1) 30 (−1) 4 (+1) 60 (−1) 70.44 69.95\n11 5 (−1) 30 (−1) 2 (−1) 120 (+1) 61.85 61.79\n12 7.5 (0) 50 (0) 1 (−2) 90 (0) 28.72 28.18\n13 10 (+1) 70 (+1) 4 (+1) 120 (+1) 85.05 84.34\n14 7.5 (0) 50 (0) 3 (0) 90 (0) 49.75 49.82\n15 10 (+1) 30 (−1) 2 (−1) 120 (+1) 75.56 76.07\n16 10 (+1) 30 (−1) 4 (+1) 120 (+1) 94.25 95.04\n17 5 (−1) 70 (+1) 2 (−1) 60 (−1) 12.65 11.98\n18 5 (−1) 30 (−1) 4 (+1) 60 (−1) 64.04 63.86\n19 7.5 (0) 90 (+2) 3 (0) 90 (0) 41.15 41.31\n20 10 (+1) 70 (+1) 4 (+1) 60 (−1) 54.88 55.05\n21 7.5 (0) 50 (0) 3 (0) 90 (0) 50.55 49.82\n22 7.5 (0) 50 (0) 3 (0) 90 (0) 49.75 49.82\n23 7.5 (0) 50 (0) 5 (+2) 90 (0) 79.38 79.82\n24 12.5 (+2) 50 (0) 3 (0) 90 (0) 80.62 80.42\n25 7.5 (0) 10 (−2) 3 (0) 90 (0) 75.55 75.28\n26 7.5 (0) 50 (0) 3 (0) 90 (0) 49.35 49.82\n27 7.5 (0) 50 (0) 3 (0) 30 (−2) 24.75 25.33\n28 5 (−1) 70 (+1) 2 (−1) 120 (+1) 42.25 42.72\n29 10 (+1) 70 (+1) 2 (−1) 60 (−1) 27.68 27.96\n30 5 (−1) 70 (+1) 4 (+1) 120 (+1) 70.85 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