PMC:4631427 / 26414-28281 JSONTXT

{"target":"https://pubannotation.org/docs/sourcedb/PMC/sourceid/4631427","sourcedb":"PMC","sourceid":"4631427","source_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/4631427","text":"Other recent studies have looked at SLIT for peanut allergy, which involves incremental doses of daily peanut protein placed under the tongue.77–79 In 2013, Fleischer et al showed that after 44 weeks of therapy, 70% of subjects aged 12–40 years receiving peanut SLIT were able to tolerate a median successfully consumed dose of 5 g peanut protein (or tenfold more peanut powder than at baseline OFC) compared with only 15% of patients who received placebo.79 In 2015, Burks et al presented long-term follow-up of the same study cohort, after 2 and 3 years of peanut SLIT. Over 50% of participants discontinued therapy despite most adverse reactions being localized to the oropharynx. Of the peanut SLIT group, only 10.8% were fully desensitized to 10 g of peanut powder by the end of the 3 years, but all of those who were desensitized also achieved sustained unresponsiveness after discontinuation of SLIT for 8 weeks (as determined by an open feeding challenge with peanut butter).77 Another pilot study of peanut SLIT was published by Narisety et al in 2015. This was also a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, but included peanut OIT as well. Twenty-one children were randomized to either receive active peanut SLIT/placebo OIT or placebo SLIT/active peanut OIT. Of the 16 children who did not discontinue therapy, all were able to tolerate over tenfold increase in their peanut challenge threshold, but this threshold was significantly greater in the active OIT group (P=0.1). Adverse reactions were mild, but more common in the active OIT group.78 All of these peanut SLIT studies show promise in inducing both clinical desensitization and sustained unresponsiveness for peanut-allergic individuals, though adherence seems that it may be an issue and more long-term follow-up is needed to fully evaluate side efficacy and potential side effects.","tracks":[]}