PMC:4630263 / 5631-8752 JSONTXT

{"project":"TEST0","denotations":[{"id":"26527349-119-125-1499009","span":{"begin":318,"end":320},"obj":"[\"20591729\", \"20601917\"]"}],"text":"Subjects\nThis study collected data obtained from consecutive first-visit patients with migraine without aura and episodic TTH treated in the neurology outpatient department of a university hospital. All participants were between 20 and 60 years of age, and only females were included to eliminate age and gender bias [24–26]. Headache diagnoses were classified by a board-certified neurologist based on the criteria of the International Classification of Headache Disorders-3 beta version (ICHD-3β) using patient history, a neurological examination, and laboratory or neuroimaging studies. To exclude other primary headaches, patients were required to have at least a 1-year history of migraine or TTH headaches prior to enrollment. Patients who had auras or vestibular symptoms during headache attacks were excluded. In total, 38 patients with migraine without aura and 30 patients with episodic TTH based on the ICHD-3β were enrolled in the study. Subjects with episodic TTH were defined as those with headaches lasting from 1 to 15 days per month (frequent episodic TTH). The control group consisted of age-matched volunteers. We recruited the control group by inviting persons who accompanied the patients to join the study (e.g., friends) and also through advertisements (e.g., posted notices in the hospital). Controls were free of headaches for at least three months prior to the study, experienced no more than an occasional mild headache (\u003c5 times per year) and had not sought medical treatment for headaches.\nAll participants were underwent physical and neurological examinations performed by an experienced neurologist. Participants were asked to complete a questionnaire regarding their headache symptoms, including frequency, duration, and intensity, during the previous 4 weeks. Headache frequency (days/week) was calculated by dividing the number of days with headaches by 4 weeks. Headache duration (hours/day) was calculated by dividing the sum of the total hours of headaches by the number of days with headaches and headache intensity (numeric rating scale [NRS]: 0 = no pain to 10 = unbearable pain) was calculated as the mean NRS for days with headaches. We also obtained a comprehensive neuro-otological history from all participants. The detailed interview for assessing vestibular symptoms in headache patients or diagnosing VM according to the ICHD-3β included questions about clinical features (e.g., main type of vertigo and duration, frequency, severity) and concomitant symptoms. Exclusion criteria included subjects with hearing loss, middle ear disease or surgery, history of vestibular disease, history of recurrent vertigo or vertigo that lasted more than one day or required hospitalization, a cervical disorder that affected head movement, the presence of neurological disorders (e.g. stroke, multiple sclerosis), pregnancy, daily medication to prevent headaches and/or antidepressant medication, medication-overuse headache, and patients with VM.\nWritten informed consent was obtained from all subjects prior to enrollment. The university hospital ethics committee approved this study."}

{"project":"2_test","denotations":[{"id":"26527349-20591729-60553891","span":{"begin":318,"end":320},"obj":"20591729"},{"id":"26527349-20601917-60553891","span":{"begin":318,"end":320},"obj":"20601917"}],"text":"Subjects\nThis study collected data obtained from consecutive first-visit patients with migraine without aura and episodic TTH treated in the neurology outpatient department of a university hospital. All participants were between 20 and 60 years of age, and only females were included to eliminate age and gender bias [24–26]. Headache diagnoses were classified by a board-certified neurologist based on the criteria of the International Classification of Headache Disorders-3 beta version (ICHD-3β) using patient history, a neurological examination, and laboratory or neuroimaging studies. To exclude other primary headaches, patients were required to have at least a 1-year history of migraine or TTH headaches prior to enrollment. Patients who had auras or vestibular symptoms during headache attacks were excluded. In total, 38 patients with migraine without aura and 30 patients with episodic TTH based on the ICHD-3β were enrolled in the study. Subjects with episodic TTH were defined as those with headaches lasting from 1 to 15 days per month (frequent episodic TTH). The control group consisted of age-matched volunteers. We recruited the control group by inviting persons who accompanied the patients to join the study (e.g., friends) and also through advertisements (e.g., posted notices in the hospital). Controls were free of headaches for at least three months prior to the study, experienced no more than an occasional mild headache (\u003c5 times per year) and had not sought medical treatment for headaches.\nAll participants were underwent physical and neurological examinations performed by an experienced neurologist. Participants were asked to complete a questionnaire regarding their headache symptoms, including frequency, duration, and intensity, during the previous 4 weeks. Headache frequency (days/week) was calculated by dividing the number of days with headaches by 4 weeks. Headache duration (hours/day) was calculated by dividing the sum of the total hours of headaches by the number of days with headaches and headache intensity (numeric rating scale [NRS]: 0 = no pain to 10 = unbearable pain) was calculated as the mean NRS for days with headaches. We also obtained a comprehensive neuro-otological history from all participants. The detailed interview for assessing vestibular symptoms in headache patients or diagnosing VM according to the ICHD-3β included questions about clinical features (e.g., main type of vertigo and duration, frequency, severity) and concomitant symptoms. Exclusion criteria included subjects with hearing loss, middle ear disease or surgery, history of vestibular disease, history of recurrent vertigo or vertigo that lasted more than one day or required hospitalization, a cervical disorder that affected head movement, the presence of neurological disorders (e.g. stroke, multiple sclerosis), pregnancy, daily medication to prevent headaches and/or antidepressant medication, medication-overuse headache, and patients with VM.\nWritten informed consent was obtained from all subjects prior to enrollment. The university hospital ethics committee approved this study."}