PMC:4502368 / 47811-49822
Annnotations
{"target":"http://pubannotation.org/docs/sourcedb/PMC/sourceid/4502368","sourcedb":"PMC","sourceid":"4502368","source_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/4502368","text":"The altered homeostatic and metabolic state of a highly stressed cell leads to a subsequent change in cellular trafficking of materials. One obvious change is an increased need for the transport of damaged proteins to the degradation machinery of the cell. Several genes related to cellular trafficking were upregulated in the 25° (two-fold to 15-fold) group of fish, including HSP90B1, DNAJA1, SLC16A4, SLC16A2, AGL, XPO1, TRAM1, and RAB23. HSP90B1 encodes an endoplasmic reticulum protein that aids in the transport of proteins out of the ER, whereas upregulated DNAJA1 is involved in the intracellular trafficking of vesicles that may be destined for the lysosome (Christianson et al. 2008; Parfitt et al. 2012). Upregulation of these two genes supports the assertion that the UPR is active in these juvenile Chinook salmon under thermal stress conditions and is further bolstered by the expression changes of other members of the same gene family (e.g., HSP90A and DNAJ homologs) at lower treatment temperatures. There are several other trafficking proteins that are indirectly related to the stress response. Monocarboxylate transporters SLC16A4 and SLC16A2 transport small metabolic compounds within the cell and function in energy partitioning within the cell during the stress response (Halestrap 2013). Alteration in protein targeting to different organelles is also altered under stress conditions. AGL targets proteins to the nucleus, whereas XPO1 traffics proteins out of the nucleus in a signal-dependent manner (Moroianu et al. 1995; Ossareh-Nazari et al. 1997). Upregulated SNTB1 is involved in transport into the mitochondria, whereas TRAM1 transports proteins across the ER membrane (Görlich et al. 1992; Nuttall et al. 1997). RAB23 is a small GTPase that participates in the trafficking within the cilia (Lim et al. 2011). The cellular processes that occur under thermal stress conditions differ greatly from normal cellular function and unsurprisingly lead to changes in cellular trafficking.","tracks":[{"project":"2_test","denotations":[{"id":"25911227-23506875-43383397","span":{"begin":1305,"end":1309},"obj":"23506875"},{"id":"25911227-7604027-43383398","span":{"begin":1542,"end":1546},"obj":"7604027"},{"id":"25911227-9311922-43383399","span":{"begin":1570,"end":1574},"obj":"9311922"},{"id":"25911227-1315422-43383400","span":{"begin":1716,"end":1720},"obj":"1315422"},{"id":"25911227-9324309-43383401","span":{"begin":1737,"end":1741},"obj":"9324309"},{"id":"25911227-21488838-43383402","span":{"begin":1834,"end":1838},"obj":"21488838"}],"attributes":[{"subj":"25911227-23506875-43383397","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"25911227-7604027-43383398","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"25911227-9311922-43383399","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"25911227-1315422-43383400","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"25911227-9324309-43383401","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"25911227-21488838-43383402","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"}]}],"config":{"attribute types":[{"pred":"source","value type":"selection","values":[{"id":"2_test","color":"#b793ec","default":true}]}]}}