PMC:4502368 / 43953-45461 JSONTXT

{"project":"2_test","denotations":[{"id":"25911227-17606386-43383376","span":{"begin":351,"end":355},"obj":"17606386"},{"id":"25911227-8622660-43383377","span":{"begin":464,"end":468},"obj":"8622660"},{"id":"25911227-24581496-43383378","span":{"begin":622,"end":626},"obj":"24581496"},{"id":"25911227-9732876-43383379","span":{"begin":711,"end":715},"obj":"9732876"},{"id":"25911227-19179380-43383380","span":{"begin":1049,"end":1053},"obj":"19179380"},{"id":"25911227-19234109-43383381","span":{"begin":1066,"end":1070},"obj":"19234109"},{"id":"25911227-23973375-43383382","span":{"begin":1086,"end":1090},"obj":"23973375"},{"id":"25911227-10657303-43383383","span":{"begin":1221,"end":1225},"obj":"10657303"},{"id":"25911227-12077419-43383384","span":{"begin":1357,"end":1361},"obj":"12077419"}],"text":"Transcription/translation\nUnsurprisingly, expression of many regulators of transcription and translation was altered. Several transcription factors relating to stress, UPR, apoptosis, and inflammation were upregulated in the 21° and 25° groups. ATF5, for instance, is a transcription factor that is implicated in production of small HSPs (Wang et al. 2007). ATF3 is similarly known to be a stress response gene that is induced by physiological stress (Chen et al. 1996). Upregulated EP300 stabilizes transcription factor HSF-1, which in turn regulates expression of heat shock proteins and chaperones (Raychaudhuri et al. 2014). FOS can function with the JUN/AP1 complex to regulate transcription (Zhang et al. 1998).\nSeveral transcription factors are stimulated by DNA damage or oxidative stress to increase transcription of various stress response genes and were upregulated. ETS2 expression is activated by oxidative stress, whereas the SOX4 and SUPT16H proteins sense DNA damage and regulate the p53 and FACT complexes, respectively (Lee et al. 2009; Pan et al. 2009; Dinant et al. 2013). NKIRAS2 is a transcription factor that regulates the activity of NF-κB through regulation of its inhibitor, IκB (Fenwick et al. 2000). PTGES3 (also known as p23) is a central regulator of transcriptional complexes involved in stress response (Freeman and Yamamoto 2002). The changes in transcription factor expression appear to be related in large part to apoptotic regulation and chaperone expression and function."}