PMC:4307189 / 4016-5443
Annnotations
{"target":"https://pubannotation.org/docs/sourcedb/PMC/sourceid/4307189","sourcedb":"PMC","sourceid":"4307189","source_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/4307189","text":"Drug resistance is a major obstacle in drug efficacy that causes cancer cells to be insensitive to targeted inhibitor therapies and/or conventional chemotherapeutic agents [1,2]. However, there are two categories of resistance to inhibitor therapies: de novo and acquired [3]. By definition, de novo resistance is a phenotypic characteristic present before drug exposure where drugs with proven efficacy fail to cause tumor cells to respond with any significance [2,4,5]. Acquired resistance refers to a situation where the initial sensitivity of tumor cells to drugs discontinues despite or due to continued consumption [2]. It has been reported that the underlying mechanisms of both types of resistance are related, often due to mutation, loss, or up-regulation of some other important signaling proteins or pathways [2,5]. De novo drug resistance can be determined by assessing the genetic profiles of tumors for 1) oncogenic addictions to proteins or pathways and 2) other possible genetic alterations conferring resistance [2]. Therefore, targeting de novo resistance can enhance drug efficacy and reduce the chance of acquired resistance [5]. Recently, characterizing drug-resistant tumors, and analyzing cell lines that result from the continuous culture of drug-sensitive cells in the presence of an inhibitor have been shown to be successful approaches for identifying changes responsible for acquired resistance [2].","tracks":[{"project":"2_test","denotations":[{"id":"25599599-23542173-14868092","span":{"begin":173,"end":174},"obj":"23542173"},{"id":"25599599-22474259-14868093","span":{"begin":175,"end":176},"obj":"22474259"},{"id":"25599599-19629074-14868094","span":{"begin":273,"end":274},"obj":"19629074"},{"id":"25599599-22474259-14868095","span":{"begin":464,"end":465},"obj":"22474259"},{"id":"25599599-7515497-14868096","span":{"begin":466,"end":467},"obj":"7515497"},{"id":"25599599-22474259-14868097","span":{"begin":622,"end":623},"obj":"22474259"},{"id":"25599599-22474259-14868098","span":{"begin":821,"end":822},"obj":"22474259"},{"id":"25599599-22474259-14868099","span":{"begin":1030,"end":1031},"obj":"22474259"},{"id":"25599599-22474259-14868100","span":{"begin":1424,"end":1425},"obj":"22474259"}],"attributes":[{"subj":"25599599-23542173-14868092","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"25599599-22474259-14868093","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"25599599-19629074-14868094","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"25599599-22474259-14868095","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"25599599-7515497-14868096","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"25599599-22474259-14868097","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"25599599-22474259-14868098","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"25599599-22474259-14868099","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"25599599-22474259-14868100","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"}]}],"config":{"attribute types":[{"pred":"source","value type":"selection","values":[{"id":"2_test","color":"#93ecc6","default":true}]}]}}