PMC:4292198 / 19106-22106 JSONTXT

{"target":"http://pubannotation.org/docs/sourcedb/PMC/sourceid/4292198","sourcedb":"PMC","sourceid":"4292198","source_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/4292198","text":"Physical and psychological work demands as associated factors for musculoskeletal symptoms\nAmong the perceived physical demands investigated in this study, activities including pulling/pushing heavy objects, moving/lifting/lowering heavy loads, repetitive motions with hands/wrists, and bent or twisted posture of the trunk, were significantly associated with musculoskeletal symptoms in different body regions. The results revealed that the level of perceived physical demands had significant influence on MSD symptoms occurrence among both men and women; however, the body regions influenced were not the same in both genders (i.e. hip/thigh, knees, and ankles/feet among men and shoulders, elbows, wrists/hands, and knees among women).\nWomen were more susceptible to psychological demands than men. The psychological factors including conflicting demands, the work is not remunerative and not sufficient time to get the job done were significantly associated with musculoskeletal symptoms in different body regions and retained in the regression models. Bongers et al.,[19] in an extensive review on the role of psychosocial factors in the development of musculoskeletal symptoms found that in the majority of the studies reviewed an association between psychosocial factors and upper extremity symptoms had been reported. High perceived workload, time pressure, low control on the job, and poor social support was among those factors consistently associated with these disorders in many studies.[19] In the present study, no psychological factor was retained in the neck and the elbows regression models, but for shoulders and wrists/hands, conflicting demands, and work is not remunerative remained in the regression models, respectively, with noticeable odds ratios showing the influence of these psychological factors on adverse symptoms of these two body regions, which was in agreement with the report of Bongers et al.[19] In the hip/thigh, knees, and ankles/feet regression models the psychological factor work is not remunerative remained in the regression model. In case of upper back regression model, the psychological factor not sufficient time to get the job done remained in the regression model. The results are also similar to those of Italian X-ray technologists study in which psychological workload was found to be associated with occurrence of MSD.[20]\nIn conclusion, the results of this study highlighted the importance of perceived, physical, and psychological demands in relation to reported musculoskeletal symptoms in different body regions. Among the perceived physical demands studied here, those involving manual material handling, were most frequently and strongly associated with reported musculoskeletal symptoms in nearly all body regions. Any interventional program for preventing or reducing musculoskeletal problems should focus particularly on reducing excessive manual material handling demands as well as the psychological aspects of the working environment.","divisions":[{"label":"title","span":{"begin":0,"end":90}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":91,"end":738}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":739,"end":2376}}],"tracks":[{"project":"2_test","denotations":[{"id":"25598618-12071487-47082771","span":{"begin":1073,"end":1075},"obj":"12071487"},{"id":"25598618-12071487-47082772","span":{"begin":1500,"end":1502},"obj":"12071487"},{"id":"25598618-12071487-47082773","span":{"begin":1929,"end":1931},"obj":"12071487"},{"id":"25598618-18057814-47082774","span":{"begin":2373,"end":2375},"obj":"18057814"},{"id":"T70127","span":{"begin":1073,"end":1075},"obj":"12071487"},{"id":"T40351","span":{"begin":1500,"end":1502},"obj":"12071487"},{"id":"T90746","span":{"begin":1929,"end":1931},"obj":"12071487"},{"id":"T73200","span":{"begin":2373,"end":2375},"obj":"18057814"}],"attributes":[{"subj":"25598618-12071487-47082771","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"25598618-12071487-47082772","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"25598618-12071487-47082773","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"25598618-18057814-47082774","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"T70127","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"T40351","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"T90746","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"T73200","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"}]}],"config":{"attribute types":[{"pred":"source","value type":"selection","values":[{"id":"2_test","color":"#ec93d9","default":true}]}]}}