PMC:4277126 / 59731-61538 JSONTXT

{"target":"https://pubannotation.org/docs/sourcedb/PMC/sourceid/4277126","sourcedb":"PMC","sourceid":"4277126","source_url":"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/4277126","text":"Experimental glaucoma: chronic ocular hypertension\nLBPs have shown potent neuroprotective effects by reducing the loss of RGCs in chronic ocular hypertension (COH) models.82–84 Chan et al82 investigated whether oral administration of LBPs protected RGCs against COH in Sprague–Dawley rats. COH in rats was induced by laser photocoagulation of episcleral and limbal veins. LBPs significantly decreased the loss of RGCs, although elevated intraocular pressure was not significantly altered. Around 70% of RGC death in COH rats was retarded with a short-term feeding of LBPs and this neuroprotective effect was maintained for up to 4 weeks.82 Rats treated with 1 mg/kg LBPs almost abolished COH-induced loss of RGCs. These results show the therapeutic benefits of L. barbarum against neurodegeneration in the retina of rat COH model.\nIt is believed that the neuroprotective effect of LBPs in COH rats is partly due to modulating the activation of microglia, as manipulating the activation state of microglia is beneficial for neuron protection. This effect has been observed by Chiu et al83 who used multiphoton confocal microscopy to investigate morphological changes of microglia in whole-mounted retinas of COH rats. Retinas under COH displayed slightly activated microglia. Administration of 1–100 mg/kg LBPs elicited moderately activated microglia in the inner retina with ramified appearance but thicker and focally enlarged processes. When activation of microglia was reduced by intravitreal injection of macrophage/microglia inhibitory factor, the neuroprotective effect of 10 mg/kg LBP was decreased.83 There is evidence from a proteomic study84 that the prosurvival effect of LBPs on rat RGCs in COH may be mediated by an increase in upregulation of βB2 crystalline, which is a neuroprotective agent.","divisions":[{"label":"Title","span":{"begin":0,"end":50}}],"tracks":[{"project":"2_test","denotations":[{"id":"25552899-17045262-26094287","span":{"begin":171,"end":173},"obj":"17045262"},{"id":"25552899-20046845-26094287","span":{"begin":171,"end":173},"obj":"20046845"},{"id":"25552899-20336662-26094287","span":{"begin":171,"end":173},"obj":"20336662"},{"id":"25552899-17045262-26094288","span":{"begin":187,"end":189},"obj":"17045262"},{"id":"25552899-17045262-26094289","span":{"begin":637,"end":639},"obj":"17045262"},{"id":"25552899-20046845-26094290","span":{"begin":1085,"end":1087},"obj":"20046845"},{"id":"25552899-20046845-26094291","span":{"begin":1606,"end":1608},"obj":"20046845"},{"id":"25552899-20336662-26094292","span":{"begin":1649,"end":1651},"obj":"20336662"}],"attributes":[{"subj":"25552899-17045262-26094287","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"25552899-20046845-26094287","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"25552899-20336662-26094287","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"25552899-17045262-26094288","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"25552899-17045262-26094289","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"25552899-20046845-26094290","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"25552899-20046845-26094291","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"25552899-20336662-26094292","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"}]},{"project":"NEUROSES","denotations":[{"id":"T1232","span":{"begin":23,"end":30},"obj":"PATO_0001863"},{"id":"T1233","span":{"begin":23,"end":30},"obj":"PATO_0000498"},{"id":"T1234","span":{"begin":130,"end":137},"obj":"PATO_0001863"},{"id":"T1235","span":{"begin":130,"end":137},"obj":"PATO_0000498"},{"id":"T1236","span":{"begin":391,"end":400},"obj":"PATO_0001997"},{"id":"T1237","span":{"begin":1472,"end":1479},"obj":"PATO_0001997"},{"id":"T1238","span":{"begin":428,"end":436},"obj":"PATO_0001688"},{"id":"T1239","span":{"begin":449,"end":457},"obj":"PATO_0001025"},{"id":"T1240","span":{"begin":545,"end":550},"obj":"PATO_0000569"},{"id":"T1241","span":{"begin":545,"end":550},"obj":"PATO_0000574"},{"id":"T1242","span":{"begin":678,"end":687},"obj":"PATO_0000297"},{"id":"T1243","span":{"begin":1375,"end":1383},"obj":"PATO_0000402"},{"id":"T1244","span":{"begin":1419,"end":1427},"obj":"PATO_0000586"},{"id":"T1245","span":{"begin":1596,"end":1605},"obj":"PATO_0001997"},{"id":"T1402","span":{"begin":781,"end":798},"obj":"PM6290"},{"id":"T1403","span":{"begin":781,"end":798},"obj":"PM6290"}],"attributes":[{"subj":"T1232","pred":"source","obj":"NEUROSES"},{"subj":"T1233","pred":"source","obj":"NEUROSES"},{"subj":"T1234","pred":"source","obj":"NEUROSES"},{"subj":"T1235","pred":"source","obj":"NEUROSES"},{"subj":"T1236","pred":"source","obj":"NEUROSES"},{"subj":"T1237","pred":"source","obj":"NEUROSES"},{"subj":"T1238","pred":"source","obj":"NEUROSES"},{"subj":"T1239","pred":"source","obj":"NEUROSES"},{"subj":"T1240","pred":"source","obj":"NEUROSES"},{"subj":"T1241","pred":"source","obj":"NEUROSES"},{"subj":"T1242","pred":"source","obj":"NEUROSES"},{"subj":"T1243","pred":"source","obj":"NEUROSES"},{"subj":"T1244","pred":"source","obj":"NEUROSES"},{"subj":"T1245","pred":"source","obj":"NEUROSES"},{"subj":"T1402","pred":"source","obj":"NEUROSES"},{"subj":"T1403","pred":"source","obj":"NEUROSES"}]}],"config":{"attribute types":[{"pred":"source","value type":"selection","values":[{"id":"2_test","color":"#9993ec","default":true},{"id":"NEUROSES","color":"#a7ec93"}]}]}}