PMC:4236617 / 28811-30692 JSONTXT

{"project":"2_test","denotations":[{"id":"25070625-19047644-12189980","span":{"begin":297,"end":299},"obj":"19047644"}],"text":"Cytokine induction in moDCs by L. amylovorus\nThe S-layer-carrying L. acidophilus strain NCFM interacts with human DCs eliciting an anti-inflammatory IL-10 response and it promotes the Th2-differentiation of T-cells through DC:s; the S-layer protein has been shown to have a role in this response [12]. Prompted by these findings, we examined the potential of the phylogenetically closely related, S-layer-carrying L. amylovorus strains to induce immune signaling in human DCs. As shown in Figure 5, when tested at the bacteria/DC ratio of 100:1, clear differences between the levels of cytokines induced by the strains were observed. Interestingly, the anti-inflammatory response induced by L. acidophilus NCFM was not observed with the L. amylovorus strains. Instead, our strains typically induced a mixed cytokine response with the release of both proinflammatory (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, IL-12, IP-10/CXCL10) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokines from human DCs. Furthermore, the strain GRL 1116, which was most potent at inducing proinflammatory cytokines, induced also the highest levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. Analogously, the strain DSM 20531T and GRL 1115 were among the weakest inducers of both pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines. At the lower MOI values of 1 and 10, no clear induction of any of the cytokines was observed in comparison to the negative control (data not shown).\nFigure 5 Cytokine induction in human dendritic cells by L. amylovorus. The extents of induction of TNF-α (A), IL-1β (B), IL-6 (C), IL-10 (D), IL-12 (E) and IP-10/CXCL10 (F) in human monocytic dendritic cells (moDCs) were tested after treating the cells with L. amylovorus strains for 24 hours at the bacteria/DC ratio 100:1. The data are presented as the means and standard deviations from one representative experiment out of three, performed with moDC:s of four donors.\n\nG"}

{"project":"MicrobeTaxon","denotations":[{"id":"T158","span":{"begin":31,"end":44},"obj":"1604"},{"id":"T159","span":{"begin":1149,"end":1166},"obj":"1423723"},{"id":"T160","span":{"begin":414,"end":427},"obj":"1604"},{"id":"T161","span":{"begin":737,"end":750},"obj":"1604"},{"id":"T162","span":{"begin":108,"end":113},"obj":"9606"},{"id":"T163","span":{"begin":466,"end":471},"obj":"9606"},{"id":"T164","span":{"begin":953,"end":958},"obj":"9606"},{"id":"T165","span":{"begin":66,"end":92},"obj":"272621"},{"id":"T166","span":{"begin":518,"end":526},"obj":"2"},{"id":"T167","span":{"begin":691,"end":710},"obj":"272621"},{"id":"T309","span":{"begin":1438,"end":1443},"obj":"9606"},{"id":"T310","span":{"begin":1463,"end":1476},"obj":"1604"},{"id":"T311","span":{"begin":1665,"end":1678},"obj":"1604"},{"id":"T312","span":{"begin":1583,"end":1588},"obj":"9606"},{"id":"T313","span":{"begin":1707,"end":1715},"obj":"2"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"_base","uri":"http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/NCBITAXON/"}],"text":"Cytokine induction in moDCs by L. amylovorus\nThe S-layer-carrying L. acidophilus strain NCFM interacts with human DCs eliciting an anti-inflammatory IL-10 response and it promotes the Th2-differentiation of T-cells through DC:s; the S-layer protein has been shown to have a role in this response [12]. Prompted by these findings, we examined the potential of the phylogenetically closely related, S-layer-carrying L. amylovorus strains to induce immune signaling in human DCs. As shown in Figure 5, when tested at the bacteria/DC ratio of 100:1, clear differences between the levels of cytokines induced by the strains were observed. Interestingly, the anti-inflammatory response induced by L. acidophilus NCFM was not observed with the L. amylovorus strains. Instead, our strains typically induced a mixed cytokine response with the release of both proinflammatory (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, IL-12, IP-10/CXCL10) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokines from human DCs. Furthermore, the strain GRL 1116, which was most potent at inducing proinflammatory cytokines, induced also the highest levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. Analogously, the strain DSM 20531T and GRL 1115 were among the weakest inducers of both pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines. At the lower MOI values of 1 and 10, no clear induction of any of the cytokines was observed in comparison to the negative control (data not shown).\nFigure 5 Cytokine induction in human dendritic cells by L. amylovorus. The extents of induction of TNF-α (A), IL-1β (B), IL-6 (C), IL-10 (D), IL-12 (E) and IP-10/CXCL10 (F) in human monocytic dendritic cells (moDCs) were tested after treating the cells with L. amylovorus strains for 24 hours at the bacteria/DC ratio 100:1. The data are presented as the means and standard deviations from one representative experiment out of three, performed with moDC:s of four donors.\n\nG"}