PMC:4182838 / 16585-19277 JSONTXT

{"project":"NEUROSES","denotations":[{"id":"T491","span":{"begin":22,"end":25},"obj":"CHEBI_18361"},{"id":"T492","span":{"begin":230,"end":233},"obj":"CHEBI_18361"},{"id":"T493","span":{"begin":1219,"end":1222},"obj":"CHEBI_18361"},{"id":"T494","span":{"begin":1427,"end":1430},"obj":"CHEBI_18361"},{"id":"T495","span":{"begin":230,"end":233},"obj":"CHEBI_35782"},{"id":"T496","span":{"begin":1219,"end":1222},"obj":"CHEBI_35782"},{"id":"T497","span":{"begin":1427,"end":1430},"obj":"CHEBI_35782"},{"id":"T498","span":{"begin":230,"end":233},"obj":"CHEBI_60614"},{"id":"T499","span":{"begin":1219,"end":1222},"obj":"CHEBI_60614"},{"id":"T500","span":{"begin":1427,"end":1430},"obj":"CHEBI_60614"},{"id":"T501","span":{"begin":230,"end":233},"obj":"CHEBI_53266"},{"id":"T502","span":{"begin":1219,"end":1222},"obj":"CHEBI_53266"},{"id":"T503","span":{"begin":1427,"end":1430},"obj":"CHEBI_53266"},{"id":"T504","span":{"begin":166,"end":173},"obj":"PATO_0000764"},{"id":"T505","span":{"begin":337,"end":344},"obj":"PATO_0000764"},{"id":"T506","span":{"begin":378,"end":385},"obj":"PATO_0000764"},{"id":"T507","span":{"begin":1315,"end":1322},"obj":"PATO_0000764"},{"id":"T508","span":{"begin":1548,"end":1555},"obj":"PATO_0000764"},{"id":"T509","span":{"begin":1639,"end":1646},"obj":"PATO_0000764"},{"id":"T510","span":{"begin":174,"end":180},"obj":"PATO_0002354"},{"id":"T511","span":{"begin":349,"end":355},"obj":"PATO_0002354"},{"id":"T512","span":{"begin":471,"end":477},"obj":"PATO_0002354"},{"id":"T513","span":{"begin":1711,"end":1717},"obj":"PATO_0002354"},{"id":"T514","span":{"begin":1941,"end":1947},"obj":"PATO_0002354"},{"id":"T515","span":{"begin":1009,"end":1014},"obj":"CHEBI_24433"},{"id":"T516","span":{"begin":1860,"end":1865},"obj":"CHEBI_24433"},{"id":"T517","span":{"begin":2606,"end":2611},"obj":"CHEBI_24433"},{"id":"T518","span":{"begin":1419,"end":1426},"obj":"PATO_0001997"},{"id":"T519","span":{"begin":1628,"end":1631},"obj":"CHEBI_50459"},{"id":"T520","span":{"begin":1801,"end":1804},"obj":"CHEBI_50459"},{"id":"T521","span":{"begin":1926,"end":1929},"obj":"CHEBI_50459"}],"text":"Pre-pulse inhibition (PPI) task performance\nStartle eyeblink responses were modulated by pre-pulse interval (120/480 ms: F(1,34) = 9.84, p = 0.004) and by condition (passive/active: F(1,34) = 35.98, p \u003c 0.001). Both groups showed PPI to the 120-ms pre-pulse interval versus baseline startle response (no pre-pulse presented) in both the passive and active pre-pulse conditions (passive task: t(18) = 2.72, p = 0.014 HC subjects; t(16) = 5.35, p \u003c 0.001 22q11DS subjects; active task: t(18) = 4.30, p \u003c 0.001 HC subjects; t(16) = 2.58, p = 0.02 22q11DS subjects, Table  2).\nTable 2 Electromyographically recorded startle eyeblink responses at baseline (no pre-pulse presented) and following presentations of subtle acoustic pre-pulses at 120- and 480-ms lead intervals Resulting percent change as pre-pulse inhibition (%PPI) or pre-pulse facilitation (%PPF) relative to baseline startle response (standard error mean in parenthesis).\nThe three-way interaction of pre-pulse interval by attention conditions by group approached significance (F(1,34) = 3.83, p = 0.059; Figure  1). Post hoc testing revealed a differential modulation of sensorimotor gating between groups. HC participants showed a significant increase in PPI in the 120-ms pre-pulse interval when directing attention to the pre-pulse, compared to the passive listening task (t(18) = -2.42, p = 0.026). In contrast, 22q11DS subjects showed a trend towards reduced PPI when directing attention to the pre-pulse (t(16) = -1.80, p = 0.09) at the 120-ms pre-pulse interval compared to the passive listening task. Moreover, 22q11DS subjects showed significantly greater PPF in the passive listening task at the 480-ms pre-pulse interval compared to the active listening task (t(16) = -2.31, p = 0.035). Figure  1 indicates both groups exhibit PPF; however, this differs between conditions, with the HC group exhibiting greater (although statistically non-significant) PPF during the active condition.\nFigure 1 Mean percent pre-pulse inhibition or pre-pulse facilitation for 120- and 480-ms pre-pulse lead intervals. Mean percent pre-pulse inhibition (PPI) or pre-pulse facilitation (PPF) for 120- and 480-ms pre-pulse lead intervals relative to baseline startle response (no pre-pulse presented). Note differential attention effects on PPI and PPF between groups depending on performance on an auditory discrimination task on the pre-pulse (active) and not (passive).\nThe ANOVA revealed no additional significant interactions with none of the following conditions reaching significance: interval by group (F(1,34) = 0.045, p \u003e 0.05); condition by group (F(1,34) = 0.08, p \u003e 0.05) nor interval by condition (F(1,34) = 0.00, p \u003e 0.05)."}