PMC:4161609 / 10097-14903 JSONTXT

{"target":"https://pubannotation.org/docs/sourcedb/PMC/sourceid/4161609","sourcedb":"PMC","sourceid":"4161609","source_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/4161609","text":"Results\n\nThe relationship between the asthma symptoms score in the G scale and ACT sum score\nThe data on the ACT and the G scale obtained from 128 asthmatic patients who received controller medication continuously were analyzed. The asthma symptoms score was calculated as the sum of the first eight questions on asthma symptoms of the G scale. The ACT sum score was calculated as the sum of five questions. The asthma symptoms score was strongly but negatively correlated with the ACT sum score (Figure 1A). ACT sum scores of ≥20 and ≤19 are useful for identifying patients with controlled and uncontrolled asthma, respectively. When an ACT cut-off point of 19 was established to screen for uncontrolled asthma, a cut-off point of 6 for the asthma symptoms score was suitable for identifying uncontrolled asthma. The sensitivity and specificity for identifying uncontrolled asthma using this cut-off value were 89.3% and 84.0%, respectively (Figure 1B). Asthma was considered uncontrolled in 41 (32%) of the 128 patients because their asthma symptoms scores were 6 or greater.\n\nG scale score in asthmatic patients continuously treated by controller medications\nThe data on the G scale obtained from the 248 patients with asthma who participated were analyzed. The percentages of respondents who answered sometimes, often, or always for each question of the G scale were 28% (G1), 27% (G2), 25% (G3), 28% (G4), 15% (G5), 15% (G6), 13% (G7), 16% (G8), 31% (G9), 31% (G10), 29% (G11), and 25% (G12). The frequencies of cough and phlegm were higher than those of wheeze and difficulty breathing. G3 and G4 did not refer to the features of phlegm, although it was important to explore the cause of phlegm. The frequencies of symptoms of rhinosinusitis (G9–G12) were relatively higher than those of symptoms of asthma (G1–G8). The question to which patients most often answered “always” (14%) was the question on losing the sense of smell (G12).\nA diagnosis of allergic rhinitis or sinusitis cannot be made using the G scale. Although post nasal drip was also one of the important findings in patients with sinusitis, there was no question that referred directly to post nasal drip, because the G scale consisted of patients’ subjective symptoms.\n\nThe relationship between FeNO and symptoms\nThe correlation between the frequency of each symptom and FeNO was investigated. The frequency of daytime phlegm was significantly correlated with FeNO (Figure 2A). FeNO was significantly higher in patients who answered “ occasionally”, “sometimes”, “often”, or “always” for G3, the question on daytime phlegm (47.0±36.6 parts per billion [ppb], n=104), than in patients who answered “never” (38.1±31.3 ppb, n=144) (Figure 2B). The frequency of losing the sense of smell was also significantly correlated with FeNO (Figure 2C). FeNO was significantly higher in patients who answered “occasionally”, “sometimes”, “often”, or “always” for G12, the question on losing the sense of smell (50.8±40.1 ppb, n=84), than in patients who answered “never” (37.3±29.2 ppb, n=164) (Figure 2D). Although the frequency of losing the sense of smell was well correlated with FeNO, the frequencies of runny nose, sneezing, and nasal congestion were not (data not shown). In contrast, the scores for runny nose, sneezing, or nasal congestion, but not that for losing the sense of smell, were significantly correlated with the asthma symptoms score (Figure 3A–D).\n\nThe relationships between upper abdominal symptoms, GERD symptoms, dyspepsia symptoms, and asthma symptoms\nThe sum scores for upper abdominal symptoms (upper abdominal score), GERD symptoms (GERD score), and dyspepsia symptoms (dyspepsia score) were calculated using the modified F scale.8 Specifically, the upper abdominal score was calculated as the sum of 14 questions of the modified F scale. The GERD score or dyspepsia score was calculated as the sum of seven questions, each on GERD symptoms or dyspepsia symptoms. The upper abdominal score, GERD score, and dyspepsia score were well correlated with the asthma symptoms score (Figure 4A–C). Although symptoms of both GERD and dyspepsia seemed to affect asthma symptoms, GERD symptoms had a greater contribution to asthma symptoms than dyspepsia symptoms. The multiple regression function was as follows: Asthma symptoms score=0.790×GERD score+0.259×Dyspepsia score+2.924\nThe standardized partial regression coefficients were 0.419 for GERD symptoms and 0.148 for dyspepsia symptoms.\n\nThe relationships between upper abdominal symptoms, GERD symptoms, dyspepsia symptoms, and FeNO\nThe upper abdominal score and the dyspepsia score were negatively correlated with FeNO (Figure 5A and C). The GERD score also tended to be negatively correlated with FeNO, though this correlation was not significant (P=0.097) (Figure 5B).","divisions":[{"label":"title","span":{"begin":0,"end":7}},{"label":"sec","span":{"begin":9,"end":1077}},{"label":"title","span":{"begin":9,"end":92}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":93,"end":1077}},{"label":"sec","span":{"begin":1079,"end":2241}},{"label":"title","span":{"begin":1079,"end":1161}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":1162,"end":1940}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":1941,"end":2241}},{"label":"sec","span":{"begin":2243,"end":3429}},{"label":"title","span":{"begin":2243,"end":2285}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":2286,"end":3429}},{"label":"sec","span":{"begin":3431,"end":4470}},{"label":"title","span":{"begin":3431,"end":3537}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":3538,"end":4358}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":4359,"end":4470}},{"label":"title","span":{"begin":4472,"end":4567}}],"tracks":[{"project":"2_test","denotations":[{"id":"25228816-22414314-55570431","span":{"begin":3719,"end":3720},"obj":"22414314"}],"attributes":[{"subj":"25228816-22414314-55570431","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"}]}],"config":{"attribute types":[{"pred":"source","value type":"selection","values":[{"id":"2_test","color":"#ec93a7","default":true}]}]}}