PMC:4157140 / 1953-2772 JSONTXT

{"project":"2_test","denotations":[{"id":"25175347-8638158-2048440","span":{"begin":570,"end":571},"obj":"8638158"},{"id":"25175347-9623800-2048440","span":{"begin":570,"end":571},"obj":"9623800"},{"id":"25175347-9363790-2048441","span":{"begin":767,"end":768},"obj":"9363790"}],"text":"Cytochrome c oxidase (COX, complex IV [cIV], E.C. 1.9.3.1) is the terminal component of the mitochondrial respiratory chain (MRC), operating the electron transfer from reduced cytochrome c to molecular oxygen. The redox reaction is coupled with proton translocation across the inner mitochondrial membrane, thus contributing to the formation of the mitochondrial membrane electrochemical potential (ΔΨ). ΔΨ is eventually utilized by the F1F0-ATP synthase (complex V) to produce ATP, the universal energy currency of the cell. Human COX is composed of several subunits:1,2 the three largest are encoded by mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) genes and form the catalytic core of the enzyme. The remaining 11 nuclear-encoded subunits, some of which have tissue-specific isoforms,3 are deemed to play an ill-defined regulatory role."}