PMC:4137988 / 16635-19030 JSONTXT

{"project":"2_test","denotations":[{"id":"25143747-18198206-55576534","span":{"begin":294,"end":296},"obj":"18198206"},{"id":"25143747-23680284-55576535","span":{"begin":297,"end":299},"obj":"23680284"},{"id":"25143747-20306538-55576535","span":{"begin":297,"end":299},"obj":"20306538"},{"id":"25143747-19213776-55576535","span":{"begin":297,"end":299},"obj":"19213776"},{"id":"25143747-20584543-55576536","span":{"begin":318,"end":320},"obj":"20584543"},{"id":"25143747-21539616-55576537","span":{"begin":337,"end":339},"obj":"21539616"},{"id":"25143747-18198206-55576538","span":{"begin":503,"end":505},"obj":"18198206"},{"id":"25143747-23680284-55576539","span":{"begin":506,"end":508},"obj":"23680284"},{"id":"25143747-20306538-55576540","span":{"begin":509,"end":511},"obj":"20306538"},{"id":"25143747-19213776-55576541","span":{"begin":579,"end":581},"obj":"19213776"},{"id":"25143747-21539616-55576542","span":{"begin":582,"end":584},"obj":"21539616"},{"id":"25143747-20584543-55576543","span":{"begin":649,"end":651},"obj":"20584543"},{"id":"25143747-18198206-55576544","span":{"begin":1107,"end":1109},"obj":"18198206"},{"id":"25143747-21539616-55576545","span":{"begin":1317,"end":1319},"obj":"21539616"},{"id":"25143747-21272700-55576546","span":{"begin":2082,"end":2083},"obj":"21272700"},{"id":"25143747-21185068-55576547","span":{"begin":2084,"end":2085},"obj":"21185068"},{"id":"25143747-19968654-55576548","span":{"begin":2086,"end":2088},"obj":"19968654"},{"id":"25143747-22407651-55576549","span":{"begin":2089,"end":2091},"obj":"22407651"}],"text":"Maternal dietary patterns and child asthma\nTable 4 shows the main characteristics and results of the six studies reporting an association between maternal dietary patterns and asthma prevalence in children. All were cohort studies published between 2008 and 2013, with four conducted in Europe,38,45–47 one in the USA,48 and one in Asia.49 Sample sizes ranged from 460 to 14,062.\nAll studies used FFQs to measure dietary intakes, with number of food items or groups ranging from 42 to 166. Three studies38,45,46 calculated a Mediterranean diet score defined a priori. Two studies47,49 derived dietary patterns using PCA or factor analysis. One study48 used a combination of both a posteriori and a priori approaches to measure dietary patterns.\nThese studies examined the association between maternal dietary patterns and wheezing prevalence in children between the ages of one and 7 years. The heterogeneity of the study populations and outcomes precluded a meta-analysis. However, four of the six studies did not find any association between maternal dietary patterns and prevalence of wheezing. One study38 reported a protective effect of maternal Mediterranean diet pattern on persistent wheeze (OR 0.22, 95% CI 0.08–0.58) and atopic wheeze (OR 0.30, 95% CI 0.10–0.90) in offspring at age 6.5 years. Another study49 conducted in Japan found a beneficial effect of maternal “Western” dietary pattern on wheeze (OR 0.59, 95% CI 0.35–0.98; P=0.02) in toddlers aged 16–24 months. The authors noted that this “Western” dietary pattern in Japan might be comparatively healthier than the typical Western dietary pattern in the USA, because it was characterized by low intake of soft drinks, confectionery, and fruit, in addition to high intake of vegetable oil, salt-containing seasonings, beef, pork, processed meat, eggs, chicken, and white vegetables. Adherence to this “Western” dietary pattern was actually positively associated with a high intake of α-linolenic acid, vitamin E, and β-carotene, which were shown in some studies to have a beneficial effect on asthma and wheezing.7,9,50,51 The Japanese study suggests that dietary patterns are region-specific and population-specific, and that caution is necessary when interpreting the results of studies in diverse populations. Overall, these studies show weak evidence of any association between maternal dietary pattern and child wheezing."}