PMC:4137170 / 17640-20553
Annnotations
{"target":"https://pubannotation.org/docs/sourcedb/PMC/sourceid/4137170","sourcedb":"PMC","sourceid":"4137170","source_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/4137170","text":"Micro-CT results\nThe micro-CT results for the implant group revealed a scanty amount of newly formed bone around the fixture in the marrow space. The hydrogel group showed some newly formed bone around the fixture, but the amount was negligible. On the other hand, the BMP-2 group showed excellent osseointegration between the cortical bone and the implant and newly formed bone was identified in the marrow space around the fixture (Fig. 6). The bone-to-implant contact ratio within the fixture pitch of the implant group and the hydrogel group were 6.93 ± 3.8 % (n = 20) and 4.90 ± 7.8 % (n = 20), respectively. By comparison, the ratio for the BMP-2 group was 18.5 ± 10.1 % (n = 20) and this value was significantly higher than that of the other two groups (P = 0.0043 and 0.0001 for the implant group and the hydrogel group, respectively).\nFig. 6 Micro-CT results. a Only a dental implant fixture was implanted (implant group); b A composite of the β-TCP microspheres and the hyaluronic acid powder gel was injected and a dental implant fixture was inserted (hydrogel group); c A composite of the rhBMP-2 loaded β-TCP microspheres and the hyaluronic acid powder gel was injected and a dental implant fixture was inserted (BMP-2 group). In panel a, new bone formation was insignificant around the implant fixture but some new bone was shown in panel b, while extensive new bone formation was observed in panel c (arrows: newly formed bony tissue)\nThe newly formed bone area ratio generated within one pitch of fixture of the BMP-2 group (13.9 ± 9.9 %) was significantly higher than that of the implant group (2.1 ± 4.2 %) or the hydrogel group (1.0 ± 1.5 %) (P \u003c 0.0001 in both cases).\nFor the newly formed bone, the percent bone volume, trabecular thickness, and trabecular number were significantly higher in the BMP-2 group than in the implant group (Table 1). Trabecular separation and the trabecular pattern factor were significantly lower, indicating that the quantity and the quality of the formed bone were improved in the BMP-2 group in comparison to the implant group.\nTable 1 Micro-CT results at 4 weeks after the implantation. The BMP-2 group showed significantly higher percent bone volume, trabecular number, trabecular thickness than the Implant group\nGroup (n) BV/TV BS/BV Tb.Pf Tb.Th Tb.N Tb.Sp\nAverage (std)\nImplant group (30) 5.6 (1.4) 171.6 (21.0) 19.4 (7.4) 0.034 (0.007) 1.64 (0.27) 0.20 (0.04)\nHydrogel group (30) 6.7 (3.2) 167.2 (24.2) 19.4 (9.5) 0.035 (0.006) 1.89 (0.60) 0.18 (0.05)\nBMP-2 group (30) 10.4 (5.3) 146.0 (32.6) 9.4 (13.5) 0.042 (0.009) 2.39 (0.85) 0.16 (0.04)\nP value \u003c0.0001 0.0006 0.0007 0.0002 \u003c0.0001 0.002\nP-value: Implant group and BMP-2 group\nBV/TV Bone Volume/Trabecular Volume, percent bone volume\nBS/BV Bone Surface/Bone Volume ratio, specific surface\nTb.Pf Trabecular Pattern factor\nTb.Th Trabecular Thickness\nTb.N Trabecular Number\nTb.Sp Trabecular Separation","divisions":[{"label":"title","span":{"begin":0,"end":16}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":17,"end":1449}},{"label":"figure","span":{"begin":844,"end":1449}},{"label":"label","span":{"begin":844,"end":850}},{"label":"caption","span":{"begin":851,"end":1449}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":851,"end":1449}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":1450,"end":1688}},{"label":"label","span":{"begin":2082,"end":2089}},{"label":"caption","span":{"begin":2090,"end":2269}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":2090,"end":2269}},{"label":"table","span":{"begin":2270,"end":2652}},{"label":"tr","span":{"begin":2270,"end":2314}},{"label":"th","span":{"begin":2270,"end":2279}},{"label":"th","span":{"begin":2280,"end":2285}},{"label":"th","span":{"begin":2286,"end":2291}},{"label":"th","span":{"begin":2292,"end":2297}},{"label":"th","span":{"begin":2298,"end":2303}},{"label":"th","span":{"begin":2304,"end":2308}},{"label":"th","span":{"begin":2309,"end":2314}},{"label":"tr","span":{"begin":2315,"end":2328}},{"label":"th","span":{"begin":2315,"end":2328}},{"label":"tr","span":{"begin":2329,"end":2419}},{"label":"td","span":{"begin":2329,"end":2347}},{"label":"td","span":{"begin":2348,"end":2357}},{"label":"td","span":{"begin":2358,"end":2370}},{"label":"td","span":{"begin":2371,"end":2381}},{"label":"td","span":{"begin":2382,"end":2395}},{"label":"td","span":{"begin":2396,"end":2407}},{"label":"td","span":{"begin":2408,"end":2419}},{"label":"tr","span":{"begin":2420,"end":2511}},{"label":"td","span":{"begin":2420,"end":2439}},{"label":"td","span":{"begin":2440,"end":2449}},{"label":"td","span":{"begin":2450,"end":2462}},{"label":"td","span":{"begin":2463,"end":2473}},{"label":"td","span":{"begin":2474,"end":2487}},{"label":"td","span":{"begin":2488,"end":2499}},{"label":"td","span":{"begin":2500,"end":2511}},{"label":"tr","span":{"begin":2512,"end":2601}},{"label":"td","span":{"begin":2512,"end":2528}},{"label":"td","span":{"begin":2529,"end":2539}},{"label":"td","span":{"begin":2540,"end":2552}},{"label":"td","span":{"begin":2553,"end":2563}},{"label":"td","span":{"begin":2564,"end":2577}},{"label":"td","span":{"begin":2578,"end":2589}},{"label":"td","span":{"begin":2590,"end":2601}},{"label":"tr","span":{"begin":2602,"end":2652}},{"label":"td","span":{"begin":2602,"end":2610}},{"label":"td","span":{"begin":2610,"end":2617}},{"label":"td","span":{"begin":2618,"end":2624}},{"label":"td","span":{"begin":2625,"end":2631}},{"label":"td","span":{"begin":2632,"end":2638}},{"label":"td","span":{"begin":2639,"end":2646}},{"label":"td","span":{"begin":2647,"end":2652}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":2653,"end":2692}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":2692,"end":2749}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":2749,"end":2804}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":2804,"end":2836}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":2836,"end":2863}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":2863,"end":2886}}],"tracks":[]}