PMC:4134656 / 35156-37067 JSONTXT

{"target":"https://pubannotation.org/docs/sourcedb/PMC/sourceid/4134656","sourcedb":"PMC","sourceid":"4134656","source_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/4134656","text":"CONCLUSION\nIH are the most common benign vascular tumours. They are a cause of parental discomfort and anxiety and need to be carefully assessed from the treatment point of view. Most IH are uncomplicated and can be managed by active non-intervention alone. However, the recent encouraging reports of topical timolol in haemangiomas suggest that it can be advised even for uncomplicated localized lesions to accelerate the involution process. Systemic steroids have been considered the therapeutic mainstay for complicated haemangiomas for several decades. Recently, there have been several studies describing the efficacy and safety of propranolol in treating infantile haemangiomas. Though comparative studies between steroids and propranolol are few, a good therapeutic efficacy, even in the post-proliferation phase and a better side-effect profile has tilted the balance in favour of propranolol. Only future prospective trials involving a larger number of patients and a longer follow-up period will tell whether propranolol fulfils its therapeutic promise.\nQ1. The maximum period of growth of infantile haemangiomas occurs at the following period:\nFirst week after birth\nBirth to 5 months\nAfter 6 months\nBirth to 1 year\nQ2. PHACES syndrome is associated with facial segmental haemangioma and includes all except:\nPosterior fossa abnormalities\nCoarctation of the aorta\nSternal abnormalities\nOesophageal stenosis\nQ3. The following infantile haemangiomas require treatment:\nOcular haemangiomas\nUlcerating haemangiomas\nNasal tip haemangiomas\nAll of the above\nQ4. The first line of treatment of infantile haemangiomas is:\nSystemic corticosteroids\nTopical corticosteroids\nOral propranolol\nVincristine\nQ5. Adverse effects of propranolol include all except:\nTachycardia\nHypoglycaemia\nBronchospasm\nHyperkalaemia\nAnswers online at www.jcasonline.com\nCME QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS Click here for additional data file.","divisions":[{"label":"title","span":{"begin":0,"end":10}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":11,"end":1063}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":1064,"end":1154}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":1155,"end":1226}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":1155,"end":1177}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":1178,"end":1195}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":1196,"end":1210}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":1211,"end":1226}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":1227,"end":1319}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":1320,"end":1417}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":1320,"end":1349}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":1350,"end":1374}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":1375,"end":1396}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":1397,"end":1417}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":1418,"end":1477}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":1478,"end":1561}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":1478,"end":1497}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":1498,"end":1521}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":1522,"end":1544}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":1545,"end":1561}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":1562,"end":1623}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":1624,"end":1701}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":1624,"end":1648}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":1649,"end":1672}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":1673,"end":1689}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":1690,"end":1701}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":1702,"end":1756}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":1757,"end":1809}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":1757,"end":1768}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":1769,"end":1782}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":1783,"end":1795}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":1796,"end":1809}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":1810,"end":1846}},{"label":"label","span":{"begin":1847,"end":1873}}],"tracks":[]}