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PMC:400732 / 2485-28225 JSONTXT

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Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T1116 11-24 NN denotes Reinforcement
T1117 25-33 VBN denotes mediated
T1118 24-25 HYPH denotes -
T1119 46-54 NN denotes learning
T1120 34-45 JJ denotes associative
T1121 224-231 VBN denotes divided
T1122 54-56 , denotes ,
T1123 56-58 CC denotes or
T1124 59-62 DT denotes the
T1125 63-70 NN denotes ability
T1126 71-73 TO denotes to
T1127 74-81 VB denotes ascribe
T1128 82-95 JJ denotes deterministic
T1129 96-109 NNS denotes relationships
T1130 110-117 IN denotes between
T1131 118-131 JJ denotes environmental
T1132 132-139 NNS denotes stimuli
T1133 140-144 WDT denotes that
T1134 145-151 VBP denotes signal
T1135 152-155 DT denotes the
T1136 156-167 NN denotes probability
T1137 168-170 IN denotes of
T1138 171-180 VBG denotes receiving
T1139 181-182 DT denotes a
T1140 191-201 NN denotes reinforcer
T1141 183-190 JJ denotes primary
T1142 202-203 -LRB- denotes (
T1143 203-207 FW denotes e.g.
T1144 208-212 NN denotes food
T1145 212-213 -RRB- denotes )
T1146 213-215 , denotes ,
T1147 215-218 VBZ denotes has
T1148 219-223 VBN denotes been
T1149 232-236 IN denotes into
T1150 237-238 CD denotes 3
T1151 239-249 NNS denotes components
T1152 250-252 CC denotes or
T1153 253-259 NNS denotes stages
T1154 260-261 -LRB- denotes [
T1155 261-262 CD denotes 1
T1156 262-263 -RRB- denotes ]
T1157 263-264 . denotes .
T1158 264-446 sentence denotes The first, unlearned stage is the organism's experience with a primary reinforcer that elicits some unlearned/innate physiological response (e.g. palatability of a food or satiety).
T1159 265-268 DT denotes The
T1160 286-291 NN denotes stage
T1161 269-274 JJ denotes first
T1162 274-276 , denotes ,
T1163 276-285 JJ denotes unlearned
T1164 292-294 VBZ denotes is
T1165 295-298 DT denotes the
T1166 299-307 NN denotes organism
T1167 310-320 NN denotes experience
T1168 307-309 POS denotes 's
T1169 321-325 IN denotes with
T1170 326-327 DT denotes a
T1171 336-346 NN denotes reinforcer
T1172 328-335 JJ denotes primary
T1173 347-351 WDT denotes that
T1174 352-359 VBZ denotes elicits
T1175 360-364 DT denotes some
T1176 396-404 NN denotes response
T1177 365-374 JJ denotes unlearned
T1178 375-381 JJ denotes innate
T1179 374-375 HYPH denotes /
T1180 382-395 JJ denotes physiological
T1181 405-406 -LRB- denotes (
T1182 406-410 FW denotes e.g.
T1183 411-423 NN denotes palatability
T1184 424-426 IN denotes of
T1185 427-428 DT denotes a
T1186 429-433 NN denotes food
T1187 434-436 CC denotes or
T1188 437-444 NN denotes satiety
T1189 444-445 -RRB- denotes )
T1190 445-446 . denotes .
T1191 446-767 sentence denotes The second phase involves the attachment of salience to external stimuli (discriminative stimuli) that signal whether the delivery of a primary reinforcer will or will not occur based on some emitted behavior (e.g. a rodent lever presses for food pellets only when a stimulus light is illuminated in an operant chamber).
T1192 447-450 DT denotes The
T1193 458-463 NN denotes phase
T1194 451-457 JJ denotes second
T1195 464-472 VBZ denotes involves
T1196 473-476 DT denotes the
T1197 477-487 NN denotes attachment
T1198 488-490 IN denotes of
T1199 491-499 NN denotes salience
T1200 500-502 IN denotes to
T1201 503-511 JJ denotes external
T1202 512-519 NNS denotes stimuli
T1203 520-521 -LRB- denotes (
T1204 521-535 JJ denotes discriminative
T1205 536-543 NNS denotes stimuli
T1206 543-544 -RRB- denotes )
T1207 545-549 WDT denotes that
T1208 550-556 VBP denotes signal
T1209 557-564 IN denotes whether
T1210 602-606 MD denotes will
T1211 565-568 DT denotes the
T1212 569-577 NN denotes delivery
T1213 578-580 IN denotes of
T1214 581-582 DT denotes a
T1215 591-601 NN denotes reinforcer
T1216 583-590 JJ denotes primary
T1217 607-609 CC denotes or
T1218 610-614 MD denotes will
T1219 615-618 RB denotes not
T1220 619-624 VB denotes occur
T1221 625-630 VBN denotes based
T1222 631-633 IN denotes on
T1223 634-638 DT denotes some
T1224 647-655 NN denotes behavior
T1225 639-646 JJ denotes emitted
T1226 656-657 -LRB- denotes (
T1227 677-684 VBZ denotes presses
T1228 657-661 FW denotes e.g.
T1229 662-663 DT denotes a
T1230 664-670 NN denotes rodent
T1231 671-676 NN denotes lever
T1232 685-688 IN denotes for
T1233 689-693 NN denotes food
T1234 694-701 NNS denotes pellets
T1235 702-706 RB denotes only
T1236 732-743 VBN denotes illuminated
T1237 707-711 WRB denotes when
T1238 712-713 DT denotes a
T1239 723-728 NN denotes light
T1240 714-722 NN denotes stimulus
T1241 729-731 VBZ denotes is
T1242 744-746 IN denotes in
T1243 747-749 DT denotes an
T1244 758-765 NN denotes chamber
T1245 750-757 NN denotes operant
T1246 765-766 -RRB- denotes )
T1247 766-767 . denotes .
T1248 767-970 sentence denotes Finally, there is the maintenance of associative learning relationships over time (a stimulus light always signifies a food pellet is available subsequent to a lever press) [see refs. [1,2] for review].
T1249 768-775 RB denotes Finally
T1250 783-785 VBZ denotes is
T1251 775-777 , denotes ,
T1252 777-782 EX denotes there
T1253 786-789 DT denotes the
T1254 790-801 NN denotes maintenance
T1255 802-804 IN denotes of
T1256 805-816 JJ denotes associative
T1257 817-825 NN denotes learning
T1258 826-839 NNS denotes relationships
T1259 840-844 IN denotes over
T1260 845-849 NN denotes time
T1261 850-851 -LRB- denotes (
T1262 875-884 VBZ denotes signifies
T1263 851-852 DT denotes a
T1264 862-867 NN denotes light
T1265 853-861 NN denotes stimulus
T1266 868-874 RB denotes always
T1267 885-886 DT denotes a
T1268 892-898 NN denotes pellet
T1269 887-891 NN denotes food
T1270 899-901 VBZ denotes is
T1271 902-911 JJ denotes available
T1272 912-922 JJ denotes subsequent
T1273 923-925 IN denotes to
T1274 926-927 DT denotes a
T1275 934-939 NN denotes press
T1276 928-933 NN denotes lever
T1277 939-940 -RRB- denotes )
T1278 941-942 -LRB- denotes [
T1279 942-945 VB denotes see
T1280 946-951 NNS denotes refs.
T1281 955-956 CD denotes 2
T1282 952-953 -LRB- denotes [
T1283 953-954 CD denotes 1
T1284 954-955 , denotes ,
T1285 956-957 -RRB- denotes ]
T1286 958-961 IN denotes for
T1287 962-968 NN denotes review
T1288 968-969 -RRB- denotes ]
T1289 969-970 . denotes .
T1290 970-1207 sentence denotes Berridge and Robinson [1] have proposed that dopamine plays a pivotal role in the second phase of reinforcement-mediated associative learning by molding the "incentive salience" or learned motivational properties of conditioned stimuli.
T1291 971-979 NNP denotes Berridge
T1292 1002-1010 VBN denotes proposed
T1293 980-983 CC denotes and
T1294 984-992 NNP denotes Robinson
T1295 993-994 -LRB- denotes [
T1296 994-995 CD denotes 1
T1297 995-996 -RRB- denotes ]
T1298 997-1001 VBP denotes have
T1299 1011-1015 IN denotes that
T1300 1025-1030 VBZ denotes plays
T1301 1016-1024 NN denotes dopamine
T1302 1031-1032 DT denotes a
T1303 1041-1045 NN denotes role
T1304 1033-1040 JJ denotes pivotal
T1305 1046-1048 IN denotes in
T1306 1049-1052 DT denotes the
T1307 1060-1065 NN denotes phase
T1308 1053-1059 JJ denotes second
T1309 1066-1068 IN denotes of
T1310 1069-1082 NN denotes reinforcement
T1311 1083-1091 VBN denotes mediated
T1312 1082-1083 HYPH denotes -
T1313 1104-1112 NN denotes learning
T1314 1092-1103 JJ denotes associative
T1315 1113-1115 IN denotes by
T1316 1116-1123 VBG denotes molding
T1317 1124-1127 DT denotes the
T1318 1139-1147 NN denotes salience
T1319 1128-1129 `` denotes "
T1320 1129-1138 NN denotes incentive
T1321 1147-1148 '' denotes "
T1322 1149-1151 CC denotes or
T1323 1152-1159 JJ denotes learned
T1324 1173-1183 NNS denotes properties
T1325 1160-1172 JJ denotes motivational
T1326 1184-1186 IN denotes of
T1327 1187-1198 VBN denotes conditioned
T1328 1199-1206 NNS denotes stimuli
T1329 1206-1207 . denotes .
T1330 1207-1599 sentence denotes In support of this view are several studies demonstrating that the disruption of dopamine signaling via acute blockade of dopamine receptors with dopamine receptor antagonists [3-9] or 6-OHDA lesions [1,10,11] do not disrupt phase 1, the palatability or primary reinforcing characteristics of a natural reinforcer (e.g. palatability) but disrupt phase 2, the formation of incentive salience.
T1331 1208-1210 IN denotes In
T1332 1232-1235 VBP denotes are
T1333 1211-1218 NN denotes support
T1334 1219-1221 IN denotes of
T1335 1222-1226 DT denotes this
T1336 1227-1231 NN denotes view
T1337 1236-1243 JJ denotes several
T1338 1244-1251 NNS denotes studies
T1339 1252-1265 VBG denotes demonstrating
T1340 1266-1270 IN denotes that
T1341 1425-1432 VB denotes disrupt
T1342 1271-1274 DT denotes the
T1343 1275-1285 NN denotes disruption
T1344 1286-1288 IN denotes of
T1345 1289-1297 NN denotes dopamine
T1346 1298-1307 NN denotes signaling
T1347 1308-1311 IN denotes via
T1348 1312-1317 JJ denotes acute
T1349 1318-1326 NN denotes blockade
T1350 1327-1329 IN denotes of
T1351 1330-1338 NN denotes dopamine
T1352 1339-1348 NNS denotes receptors
T1353 1349-1353 IN denotes with
T1354 1354-1362 NN denotes dopamine
T1355 1363-1371 NN denotes receptor
T1356 1372-1383 NNS denotes antagonists
T1357 1384-1385 -LRB- denotes [
T1358 1385-1386 CD denotes 3
T1359 1386-1387 SYM denotes -
T1360 1387-1388 CD denotes 9
T1361 1388-1389 -RRB- denotes ]
T1362 1390-1392 CC denotes or
T1363 1393-1394 CD denotes 6
T1364 1395-1399 NN denotes OHDA
T1365 1394-1395 HYPH denotes -
T1366 1400-1407 NNS denotes lesions
T1367 1408-1409 -LRB- denotes [
T1368 1414-1416 CD denotes 11
T1369 1409-1410 CD denotes 1
T1370 1410-1411 , denotes ,
T1371 1411-1413 CD denotes 10
T1372 1413-1414 , denotes ,
T1373 1416-1417 -RRB- denotes ]
T1374 1418-1420 VBP denotes do
T1375 1421-1424 RB denotes not
T1376 1433-1438 NN denotes phase
T1377 1439-1440 CD denotes 1
T1378 1440-1442 , denotes ,
T1379 1442-1445 DT denotes the
T1380 1446-1458 NN denotes palatability
T1381 1459-1461 CC denotes or
T1382 1462-1469 JJ denotes primary
T1383 1482-1497 NNS denotes characteristics
T1384 1470-1481 VBG denotes reinforcing
T1385 1498-1500 IN denotes of
T1386 1501-1502 DT denotes a
T1387 1511-1521 NN denotes reinforcer
T1388 1503-1510 JJ denotes natural
T1389 1522-1523 -LRB- denotes (
T1390 1528-1540 NN denotes palatability
T1391 1523-1527 FW denotes e.g.
T1392 1540-1541 -RRB- denotes )
T1393 1542-1545 CC denotes but
T1394 1546-1553 VBP denotes disrupt
T1395 1554-1559 NN denotes phase
T1396 1560-1561 CD denotes 2
T1397 1561-1563 , denotes ,
T1398 1563-1566 DT denotes the
T1399 1567-1576 NN denotes formation
T1400 1577-1579 IN denotes of
T1401 1580-1589 NN denotes incentive
T1402 1590-1598 NN denotes salience
T1403 1598-1599 . denotes .
T1404 1599-1792 sentence denotes Dopamine signaling is mediated at the cellular level by two major subclasses of G-protein coupled receptors that are referred to as D-1 like (D1aR, D1b/5R) or D-2 like (D2R, D3R, D4R) [12,13].
T1405 1600-1608 NN denotes Dopamine
T1406 1609-1618 NN denotes signaling
T1407 1622-1630 VBN denotes mediated
T1408 1619-1621 VBZ denotes is
T1409 1631-1633 IN denotes at
T1410 1634-1637 DT denotes the
T1411 1647-1652 NN denotes level
T1412 1638-1646 JJ denotes cellular
T1413 1653-1655 IN denotes by
T1414 1656-1659 CD denotes two
T1415 1666-1676 NNS denotes subclasses
T1416 1660-1665 JJ denotes major
T1417 1677-1679 IN denotes of
T1418 1680-1681 NN denotes G
T1419 1682-1689 NN denotes protein
T1420 1681-1682 HYPH denotes -
T1421 1690-1697 VBN denotes coupled
T1422 1698-1707 NNS denotes receptors
T1423 1708-1712 WDT denotes that
T1424 1717-1725 VBN denotes referred
T1425 1713-1716 VBP denotes are
T1426 1726-1728 IN denotes to
T1427 1729-1731 IN denotes as
T1428 1732-1733 NN denotes D
T1429 1736-1740 JJ denotes like
T1430 1733-1734 HYPH denotes -
T1431 1734-1735 CD denotes 1
T1432 1741-1742 -LRB- denotes (
T1433 1742-1746 NN denotes D1aR
T1434 1746-1748 , denotes ,
T1435 1748-1751 NN denotes D1b
T1436 1752-1754 NN denotes 5R
T1437 1751-1752 HYPH denotes /
T1438 1754-1755 -RRB- denotes )
T1439 1756-1758 CC denotes or
T1440 1759-1760 NN denotes D
T1441 1763-1767 JJ denotes like
T1442 1760-1761 HYPH denotes -
T1443 1761-1762 CD denotes 2
T1444 1768-1769 -LRB- denotes (
T1445 1779-1782 NN denotes D4R
T1446 1769-1772 NN denotes D2R
T1447 1772-1774 , denotes ,
T1448 1774-1777 NN denotes D3R
T1449 1777-1779 , denotes ,
T1450 1782-1783 -RRB- denotes )
T1451 1784-1785 -LRB- denotes [
T1452 1788-1790 CD denotes 13
T1453 1785-1787 CD denotes 12
T1454 1787-1788 , denotes ,
T1455 1790-1791 -RRB- denotes ]
T1456 1791-1792 . denotes .
T1457 1792-1944 sentence denotes Although individual genes code for each dopamine receptor subtype, there is considerable pharmacological overlap between D1-like and D2-like receptors.
T1458 1793-1801 IN denotes Although
T1459 1819-1823 VBP denotes code
T1460 1802-1812 JJ denotes individual
T1461 1813-1818 NNS denotes genes
T1462 1866-1868 VBZ denotes is
T1463 1824-1827 IN denotes for
T1464 1828-1832 DT denotes each
T1465 1851-1858 NN denotes subtype
T1466 1833-1841 NN denotes dopamine
T1467 1842-1850 NN denotes receptor
T1468 1858-1860 , denotes ,
T1469 1860-1865 EX denotes there
T1470 1869-1881 JJ denotes considerable
T1471 1898-1905 NN denotes overlap
T1472 1882-1897 JJ denotes pharmacological
T1473 1906-1913 IN denotes between
T1474 1914-1916 NN denotes D1
T1475 1917-1921 JJ denotes like
T1476 1916-1917 HYPH denotes -
T1477 1934-1943 NNS denotes receptors
T1478 1922-1925 CC denotes and
T1479 1926-1928 NN denotes D2
T1480 1929-1933 JJ denotes like
T1481 1928-1929 HYPH denotes -
T1482 1943-1944 . denotes .
T1483 1944-2114 sentence denotes Several studies have used pharmacological manipulations to investigate the contribution of dopamine receptor subtypes in various stages of associative learning [1,2,14].
T1484 1945-1952 JJ denotes Several
T1485 1953-1960 NNS denotes studies
T1486 1966-1970 VBN denotes used
T1487 1961-1965 VBP denotes have
T1488 1971-1986 JJ denotes pharmacological
T1489 1987-2000 NNS denotes manipulations
T1490 2001-2003 TO denotes to
T1491 2004-2015 VB denotes investigate
T1492 2016-2019 DT denotes the
T1493 2020-2032 NN denotes contribution
T1494 2033-2035 IN denotes of
T1495 2036-2044 NN denotes dopamine
T1496 2045-2053 NN denotes receptor
T1497 2054-2062 NNS denotes subtypes
T1498 2063-2065 IN denotes in
T1499 2066-2073 JJ denotes various
T1500 2074-2080 NNS denotes stages
T1501 2081-2083 IN denotes of
T1502 2084-2095 JJ denotes associative
T1503 2096-2104 NN denotes learning
T1504 2105-2106 -LRB- denotes [
T1505 2110-2112 CD denotes 14
T1506 2106-2107 CD denotes 1
T1507 2107-2108 , denotes ,
T1508 2108-2109 CD denotes 2
T1509 2109-2110 , denotes ,
T1510 2112-2113 -RRB- denotes ]
T1511 2113-2114 . denotes .
T1512 2114-2482 sentence denotes Currently it is held that excitatory dopamine D1Rs mediate the acquisition and expression of several conditioned behaviors involving food reinforcers [e.g. [6,7]] as well as responding for conditioned cues predictive of cocaine delivery [9] – consistent with the interpretation that D1R mediated signaling might modulate the maintenance of stimulus-response outcomes.
T1513 2115-2124 RB denotes Currently
T1514 2131-2135 VBN denotes held
T1515 2125-2127 PRP denotes it
T1516 2128-2130 VBZ denotes is
T1517 2136-2140 IN denotes that
T1518 2166-2173 VBP denotes mediate
T1519 2141-2151 JJ denotes excitatory
T1520 2161-2165 NNS denotes D1Rs
T1521 2152-2160 NN denotes dopamine
T1522 2174-2177 DT denotes the
T1523 2178-2189 NN denotes acquisition
T1524 2190-2193 CC denotes and
T1525 2194-2204 NN denotes expression
T1526 2205-2207 IN denotes of
T1527 2208-2215 JJ denotes several
T1528 2228-2237 NNS denotes behaviors
T1529 2216-2227 JJ denotes conditioned
T1530 2238-2247 VBG denotes involving
T1531 2248-2252 NN denotes food
T1532 2253-2264 NNS denotes reinforcers
T1533 2265-2266 -LRB- denotes [
T1534 2274-2275 CD denotes 7
T1535 2266-2270 FW denotes e.g.
T1536 2271-2272 -LRB- denotes [
T1537 2272-2273 CD denotes 6
T1538 2273-2274 , denotes ,
T1539 2275-2276 -RRB- denotes ]
T1540 2276-2277 -RRB- denotes ]
T1541 2278-2280 RB denotes as
T1542 2286-2288 IN denotes as
T1543 2281-2285 RB denotes well
T1544 2289-2299 VBG denotes responding
T1545 2300-2303 IN denotes for
T1546 2304-2315 VBN denotes conditioned
T1547 2316-2320 NNS denotes cues
T1548 2321-2331 JJ denotes predictive
T1549 2332-2334 IN denotes of
T1550 2335-2342 NN denotes cocaine
T1551 2343-2351 NN denotes delivery
T1552 2352-2353 -LRB- denotes [
T1553 2353-2354 CD denotes 9
T1554 2354-2355 -RRB- denotes ]
T1555 2356-2357 : denotes –
T1556 2358-2368 JJ denotes consistent
T1557 2369-2373 IN denotes with
T1558 2374-2377 DT denotes the
T1559 2378-2392 NN denotes interpretation
T1560 2393-2397 IN denotes that
T1561 2427-2435 VB denotes modulate
T1562 2398-2401 NN denotes D1R
T1563 2402-2410 JJ denotes mediated
T1564 2411-2420 NN denotes signaling
T1565 2421-2426 MD denotes might
T1566 2436-2439 DT denotes the
T1567 2440-2451 NN denotes maintenance
T1568 2452-2454 IN denotes of
T1569 2455-2463 NN denotes stimulus
T1570 2464-2472 NN denotes response
T1571 2463-2464 HYPH denotes -
T1572 2473-2481 NNS denotes outcomes
T1573 2481-2482 . denotes .
T1574 2482-2816 sentence denotes Despite a growing literature demonstrating disrupted associative learning following acute manipulations of dopamine D1R signaling during acquisition of associative learning tasks with food [e.g. [6,7]], the actual contribution of D2R-mediated signaling on acquisition and maintenance of associative learning in rodents is unresolved.
T1575 2483-2490 IN denotes Despite
T1576 2802-2804 VBZ denotes is
T1577 2491-2492 DT denotes a
T1578 2501-2511 NN denotes literature
T1579 2493-2500 VBG denotes growing
T1580 2512-2525 VBG denotes demonstrating
T1581 2526-2535 JJ denotes disrupted
T1582 2548-2556 NN denotes learning
T1583 2536-2547 JJ denotes associative
T1584 2557-2566 VBG denotes following
T1585 2567-2572 JJ denotes acute
T1586 2573-2586 NNS denotes manipulations
T1587 2587-2589 IN denotes of
T1588 2590-2598 NN denotes dopamine
T1589 2599-2602 NN denotes D1R
T1590 2603-2612 NN denotes signaling
T1591 2613-2619 IN denotes during
T1592 2620-2631 NN denotes acquisition
T1593 2632-2634 IN denotes of
T1594 2635-2646 JJ denotes associative
T1595 2647-2655 NN denotes learning
T1596 2656-2661 NNS denotes tasks
T1597 2662-2666 IN denotes with
T1598 2667-2671 NN denotes food
T1599 2672-2673 -LRB- denotes [
T1600 2681-2682 CD denotes 7
T1601 2673-2677 FW denotes e.g.
T1602 2678-2679 -LRB- denotes [
T1603 2679-2680 CD denotes 6
T1604 2680-2681 , denotes ,
T1605 2682-2683 -RRB- denotes ]
T1606 2683-2684 -RRB- denotes ]
T1607 2684-2686 , denotes ,
T1608 2686-2689 DT denotes the
T1609 2697-2709 NN denotes contribution
T1610 2690-2696 JJ denotes actual
T1611 2710-2712 IN denotes of
T1612 2713-2716 NN denotes D2R
T1613 2717-2725 VBN denotes mediated
T1614 2716-2717 HYPH denotes -
T1615 2726-2735 NN denotes signaling
T1616 2736-2738 IN denotes on
T1617 2739-2750 NN denotes acquisition
T1618 2751-2754 CC denotes and
T1619 2755-2766 NN denotes maintenance
T1620 2767-2769 IN denotes of
T1621 2770-2781 JJ denotes associative
T1622 2782-2790 NN denotes learning
T1623 2791-2793 IN denotes in
T1624 2794-2801 NNS denotes rodents
T1625 2805-2815 JJ denotes unresolved
T1626 2815-2816 . denotes .
T1627 2816-3163 sentence denotes While D2R antagonists have been used in the context of rodent associative learning paradigms, their lack of receptor subtype specificity [13] and motor-disrupting effects [6,8] have prevented a rigorous examination of the actual role this dopamine receptor subtype plays in associative and reversal learning in the context of an operant behavior.
T1628 2817-2822 IN denotes While
T1629 2849-2853 VBN denotes used
T1630 2823-2826 NN denotes D2R
T1631 2827-2838 NNS denotes antagonists
T1632 2839-2843 VBP denotes have
T1633 2844-2848 VBN denotes been
T1634 2999-3008 VBN denotes prevented
T1635 2854-2856 IN denotes in
T1636 2857-2860 DT denotes the
T1637 2861-2868 NN denotes context
T1638 2869-2871 IN denotes of
T1639 2872-2878 NN denotes rodent
T1640 2900-2909 NNS denotes paradigms
T1641 2879-2890 JJ denotes associative
T1642 2891-2899 NN denotes learning
T1643 2909-2911 , denotes ,
T1644 2911-2916 PRP$ denotes their
T1645 2917-2921 NN denotes lack
T1646 2922-2924 IN denotes of
T1647 2925-2933 NN denotes receptor
T1648 2934-2941 NN denotes subtype
T1649 2942-2953 NN denotes specificity
T1650 2954-2955 -LRB- denotes [
T1651 2955-2957 CD denotes 13
T1652 2957-2958 -RRB- denotes ]
T1653 2959-2962 CC denotes and
T1654 2963-2968 NN denotes motor
T1655 2969-2979 VBG denotes disrupting
T1656 2968-2969 HYPH denotes -
T1657 2980-2987 NNS denotes effects
T1658 2988-2989 -LRB- denotes [
T1659 2991-2992 CD denotes 8
T1660 2989-2990 CD denotes 6
T1661 2990-2991 , denotes ,
T1662 2992-2993 -RRB- denotes ]
T1663 2994-2998 VBP denotes have
T1664 3009-3010 DT denotes a
T1665 3020-3031 NN denotes examination
T1666 3011-3019 JJ denotes rigorous
T1667 3032-3034 IN denotes of
T1668 3035-3038 DT denotes the
T1669 3046-3050 NN denotes role
T1670 3039-3045 JJ denotes actual
T1671 3051-3055 DT denotes this
T1672 3074-3081 NN denotes subtype
T1673 3056-3064 NN denotes dopamine
T1674 3065-3073 NN denotes receptor
T1675 3082-3087 VBZ denotes plays
T1676 3088-3090 IN denotes in
T1677 3091-3102 JJ denotes associative
T1678 3116-3124 NN denotes learning
T1679 3103-3106 CC denotes and
T1680 3107-3115 JJ denotes reversal
T1681 3125-3127 IN denotes in
T1682 3128-3131 DT denotes the
T1683 3132-3139 NN denotes context
T1684 3140-3142 IN denotes of
T1685 3143-3145 DT denotes an
T1686 3154-3162 NN denotes behavior
T1687 3146-3153 NN denotes operant
T1688 3162-3163 . denotes .
T1689 3163-3504 sentence denotes Past experiments seeking to explore the possible involvement of dopamine D2Rs in associative learning have utilized low to moderate doses of drugs [2,5,6] and site-specific administration [7,9] in order to avoid the confounding effect that locomotor disruption associated with acute D2R blockade can have on learning performance in rodents.
T1690 3164-3168 JJ denotes Past
T1691 3169-3180 NNS denotes experiments
T1692 3271-3279 VBN denotes utilized
T1693 3181-3188 VBG denotes seeking
T1694 3189-3191 TO denotes to
T1695 3192-3199 VB denotes explore
T1696 3200-3203 DT denotes the
T1697 3213-3224 NN denotes involvement
T1698 3204-3212 JJ denotes possible
T1699 3225-3227 IN denotes of
T1700 3228-3236 NN denotes dopamine
T1701 3237-3241 NNS denotes D2Rs
T1702 3242-3244 IN denotes in
T1703 3245-3256 JJ denotes associative
T1704 3257-3265 NN denotes learning
T1705 3266-3270 VBP denotes have
T1706 3280-3283 JJ denotes low
T1707 3296-3301 NNS denotes doses
T1708 3284-3286 IN denotes to
T1709 3287-3295 JJ denotes moderate
T1710 3302-3304 IN denotes of
T1711 3305-3310 NNS denotes drugs
T1712 3311-3312 -LRB- denotes [
T1713 3316-3317 CD denotes 6
T1714 3312-3313 CD denotes 2
T1715 3313-3314 , denotes ,
T1716 3314-3315 CD denotes 5
T1717 3315-3316 , denotes ,
T1718 3317-3318 -RRB- denotes ]
T1719 3319-3322 CC denotes and
T1720 3323-3327 NN denotes site
T1721 3328-3336 JJ denotes specific
T1722 3327-3328 HYPH denotes -
T1723 3337-3351 NN denotes administration
T1724 3352-3353 -LRB- denotes [
T1725 3355-3356 CD denotes 9
T1726 3353-3354 CD denotes 7
T1727 3354-3355 , denotes ,
T1728 3356-3357 -RRB- denotes ]
T1729 3358-3360 IN denotes in
T1730 3361-3366 NN denotes order
T1731 3367-3369 TO denotes to
T1732 3370-3375 VB denotes avoid
T1733 3376-3379 DT denotes the
T1734 3392-3398 NN denotes effect
T1735 3380-3391 VBG denotes confounding
T1736 3399-3403 WDT denotes that
T1737 3464-3468 VB denotes have
T1738 3404-3413 NN denotes locomotor
T1739 3414-3424 NN denotes disruption
T1740 3425-3435 VBN denotes associated
T1741 3436-3440 IN denotes with
T1742 3441-3446 JJ denotes acute
T1743 3451-3459 NN denotes blockade
T1744 3447-3450 NN denotes D2R
T1745 3460-3463 MD denotes can
T1746 3469-3471 IN denotes on
T1747 3472-3480 NN denotes learning
T1748 3481-3492 NN denotes performance
T1749 3493-3495 IN denotes in
T1750 3496-3503 NNS denotes rodents
T1751 3503-3504 . denotes .
T1752 3504-3685 sentence denotes Besides their lack of receptor subtype specificity, an acute exposure to commercially available D2 receptor antagonists fails to completely block signaling mediated solely by D2Rs.
T1753 3505-3512 IN denotes Besides
T1754 3625-3630 VBZ denotes fails
T1755 3513-3518 PRP$ denotes their
T1756 3519-3523 NN denotes lack
T1757 3524-3526 IN denotes of
T1758 3527-3535 NN denotes receptor
T1759 3536-3543 NN denotes subtype
T1760 3544-3555 NN denotes specificity
T1761 3555-3557 , denotes ,
T1762 3557-3559 DT denotes an
T1763 3566-3574 NN denotes exposure
T1764 3560-3565 JJ denotes acute
T1765 3575-3577 IN denotes to
T1766 3578-3590 RB denotes commercially
T1767 3591-3600 JJ denotes available
T1768 3613-3624 NNS denotes antagonists
T1769 3601-3603 NN denotes D2
T1770 3604-3612 NN denotes receptor
T1771 3631-3633 TO denotes to
T1772 3645-3650 VB denotes block
T1773 3634-3644 RB denotes completely
T1774 3651-3660 NN denotes signaling
T1775 3661-3669 VBN denotes mediated
T1776 3670-3676 RB denotes solely
T1777 3677-3679 IN denotes by
T1778 3680-3684 NNS denotes D2Rs
T1779 3684-3685 . denotes .
T1780 3685-3842 sentence denotes Moreover, acute dosing does not recapitulate the marked learning deficits produced in rodents [15,16] by chronic exposure to dopamine D2R antagonists [6,7].
T1781 3686-3694 RB denotes Moreover
T1782 3718-3730 VB denotes recapitulate
T1783 3694-3696 , denotes ,
T1784 3696-3701 JJ denotes acute
T1785 3702-3708 NN denotes dosing
T1786 3709-3713 VBZ denotes does
T1787 3714-3717 RB denotes not
T1788 3731-3734 DT denotes the
T1789 3751-3759 NNS denotes deficits
T1790 3735-3741 JJ denotes marked
T1791 3742-3750 NN denotes learning
T1792 3760-3768 VBN denotes produced
T1793 3769-3771 IN denotes in
T1794 3772-3779 NNS denotes rodents
T1795 3780-3781 -LRB- denotes [
T1796 3784-3786 CD denotes 16
T1797 3781-3783 CD denotes 15
T1798 3783-3784 , denotes ,
T1799 3786-3787 -RRB- denotes ]
T1800 3788-3790 IN denotes by
T1801 3791-3798 JJ denotes chronic
T1802 3799-3807 NN denotes exposure
T1803 3808-3810 IN denotes to
T1804 3811-3819 NN denotes dopamine
T1805 3820-3823 NN denotes D2R
T1806 3824-3835 NNS denotes antagonists
T1807 3836-3837 -LRB- denotes [
T1808 3839-3840 CD denotes 7
T1809 3837-3838 CD denotes 6
T1810 3838-3839 , denotes ,
T1811 3840-3841 -RRB- denotes ]
T1812 3841-3842 . denotes .
T1813 3842-3939 sentence denotes The influence of dopamine D2R-mediated signaling on reversal learning is also poorly understood.
T1814 3843-3846 DT denotes The
T1815 3847-3856 NN denotes influence
T1816 3913-3915 VBZ denotes is
T1817 3857-3859 IN denotes of
T1818 3860-3868 NN denotes dopamine
T1819 3869-3872 NN denotes D2R
T1820 3873-3881 VBN denotes mediated
T1821 3872-3873 HYPH denotes -
T1822 3882-3891 NN denotes signaling
T1823 3892-3894 IN denotes on
T1824 3895-3903 JJ denotes reversal
T1825 3904-3912 NN denotes learning
T1826 3916-3920 RB denotes also
T1827 3921-3927 RB denotes poorly
T1828 3928-3938 VBN denotes understood
T1829 3938-3939 . denotes .
T1830 3939-4143 sentence denotes Reversal learning can be conceptualized as the ability to recognize an unexpected consequence to a previously established associative learning rule and then alter response strategies accordingly [17,18].
T1831 3940-3948 JJ denotes Reversal
T1832 3949-3957 NN denotes learning
T1833 3965-3979 VBN denotes conceptualized
T1834 3958-3961 MD denotes can
T1835 3962-3964 VB denotes be
T1836 3980-3982 IN denotes as
T1837 3983-3986 DT denotes the
T1838 3987-3994 NN denotes ability
T1839 3995-3997 TO denotes to
T1840 3998-4007 VB denotes recognize
T1841 4008-4010 DT denotes an
T1842 4022-4033 NN denotes consequence
T1843 4011-4021 JJ denotes unexpected
T1844 4034-4036 IN denotes to
T1845 4037-4038 DT denotes a
T1846 4083-4087 NN denotes rule
T1847 4039-4049 RB denotes previously
T1848 4050-4061 VBN denotes established
T1849 4062-4073 JJ denotes associative
T1850 4074-4082 NN denotes learning
T1851 4088-4091 CC denotes and
T1852 4092-4096 RB denotes then
T1853 4097-4102 VB denotes alter
T1854 4103-4111 NN denotes response
T1855 4112-4122 NNS denotes strategies
T1856 4123-4134 RB denotes accordingly
T1857 4135-4136 -LRB- denotes [
T1858 4139-4141 CD denotes 18
T1859 4136-4138 CD denotes 17
T1860 4138-4139 , denotes ,
T1861 4141-4142 -RRB- denotes ]
T1862 4142-4143 . denotes .
T1863 4143-4297 sentence denotes Reversal learning in rodents can serve as an index of learning adaptability and alertness that correlates with human attentional-shift paradigms [17,18].
T1864 4144-4152 JJ denotes Reversal
T1865 4153-4161 NN denotes learning
T1866 4177-4182 VB denotes serve
T1867 4162-4164 IN denotes in
T1868 4165-4172 NNS denotes rodents
T1869 4173-4176 MD denotes can
T1870 4183-4185 IN denotes as
T1871 4186-4188 DT denotes an
T1872 4189-4194 NN denotes index
T1873 4195-4197 IN denotes of
T1874 4198-4206 VBG denotes learning
T1875 4207-4219 NN denotes adaptability
T1876 4220-4223 CC denotes and
T1877 4224-4233 NN denotes alertness
T1878 4234-4238 WDT denotes that
T1879 4239-4249 VBZ denotes correlates
T1880 4250-4254 IN denotes with
T1881 4255-4260 JJ denotes human
T1882 4279-4288 NNS denotes paradigms
T1883 4261-4272 JJ denotes attentional
T1884 4273-4278 NN denotes shift
T1885 4272-4273 HYPH denotes -
T1886 4289-4290 -LRB- denotes [
T1887 4293-4295 CD denotes 18
T1888 4290-4292 CD denotes 17
T1889 4292-4293 , denotes ,
T1890 4295-4296 -RRB- denotes ]
T1891 4296-4297 . denotes .
T1892 4297-4469 sentence denotes Additionally, a previous report demonstrated that excitotoxic lesions of terminal field targets of mesocortical dopamine have been shown to disrupt reversal learning [19].
T1893 4298-4310 RB denotes Additionally
T1894 4330-4342 VBD denotes demonstrated
T1895 4310-4312 , denotes ,
T1896 4312-4313 DT denotes a
T1897 4323-4329 NN denotes report
T1898 4314-4322 JJ denotes previous
T1899 4343-4347 IN denotes that
T1900 4429-4434 VBN denotes shown
T1901 4348-4359 JJ denotes excitotoxic
T1902 4360-4367 NNS denotes lesions
T1903 4368-4370 IN denotes of
T1904 4371-4379 JJ denotes terminal
T1905 4380-4385 NN denotes field
T1906 4386-4393 NNS denotes targets
T1907 4394-4396 IN denotes of
T1908 4397-4409 JJ denotes mesocortical
T1909 4410-4418 NN denotes dopamine
T1910 4419-4423 VBP denotes have
T1911 4424-4428 VBN denotes been
T1912 4435-4437 TO denotes to
T1913 4438-4445 VB denotes disrupt
T1914 4446-4454 NN denotes reversal
T1915 4455-4463 NN denotes learning
T1916 4464-4465 -LRB- denotes [
T1917 4465-4467 CD denotes 19
T1918 4467-4468 -RRB- denotes ]
T1919 4468-4469 . denotes .
T1920 4469-4677 sentence denotes Administration of the D2R/D3R antagonist, sulpiride, impairs spatial reversal leaning in mice [20] and has also been shown to impair attention and the cognitive performances of healthy human volunteers [21].
T1921 4470-4484 NN denotes Administration
T1922 4523-4530 VBZ denotes impairs
T1923 4485-4487 IN denotes of
T1924 4488-4491 DT denotes the
T1925 4500-4510 NN denotes antagonist
T1926 4492-4495 NN denotes D2R
T1927 4496-4499 NN denotes D3R
T1928 4495-4496 HYPH denotes /
T1929 4510-4512 , denotes ,
T1930 4512-4521 NN denotes sulpiride
T1931 4521-4523 , denotes ,
T1932 4531-4538 JJ denotes spatial
T1933 4548-4555 NN denotes leaning
T1934 4539-4547 NN denotes reversal
T1935 4556-4558 IN denotes in
T1936 4559-4563 NNS denotes mice
T1937 4564-4565 -LRB- denotes [
T1938 4565-4567 CD denotes 20
T1939 4567-4568 -RRB- denotes ]
T1940 4569-4572 CC denotes and
T1941 4573-4576 VBZ denotes has
T1942 4587-4592 VBN denotes shown
T1943 4577-4581 RB denotes also
T1944 4582-4586 VBN denotes been
T1945 4593-4595 TO denotes to
T1946 4596-4602 VB denotes impair
T1947 4603-4612 NN denotes attention
T1948 4613-4616 CC denotes and
T1949 4617-4620 DT denotes the
T1950 4631-4643 NNS denotes performances
T1951 4621-4630 JJ denotes cognitive
T1952 4644-4646 IN denotes of
T1953 4647-4654 JJ denotes healthy
T1954 4661-4671 NNS denotes volunteers
T1955 4655-4660 JJ denotes human
T1956 4672-4673 -LRB- denotes [
T1957 4673-4675 CD denotes 21
T1958 4675-4676 -RRB- denotes ]
T1959 4676-4677 . denotes .
T1960 4677-4810 sentence denotes Moreover an inverse relationship between lower dopamine D2R levels and compulsive behavior in human subjects has been reported [22].
T1961 4678-4686 RB denotes Moreover
T1962 4796-4804 VBN denotes reported
T1963 4687-4689 DT denotes an
T1964 4698-4710 NN denotes relationship
T1965 4690-4697 JJ denotes inverse
T1966 4711-4718 IN denotes between
T1967 4719-4724 JJR denotes lower
T1968 4738-4744 NNS denotes levels
T1969 4725-4733 NN denotes dopamine
T1970 4734-4737 NN denotes D2R
T1971 4745-4748 CC denotes and
T1972 4749-4759 JJ denotes compulsive
T1973 4760-4768 NN denotes behavior
T1974 4769-4771 IN denotes in
T1975 4772-4777 JJ denotes human
T1976 4778-4786 NNS denotes subjects
T1977 4787-4790 VBZ denotes has
T1978 4791-4795 VBN denotes been
T1979 4805-4806 -LRB- denotes [
T1980 4806-4808 CD denotes 22
T1981 4808-4809 -RRB- denotes ]
T1982 4809-4810 . denotes .
T1983 4810-4958 sentence denotes Taken together these findings suggest that D2R-mediated signaling could play a critical role in reversal learning but are insufficient to prove it.
T1984 4811-4816 VBN denotes Taken
T1985 4841-4848 VBP denotes suggest
T1986 4817-4825 RB denotes together
T1987 4826-4831 DT denotes these
T1988 4832-4840 NNS denotes findings
T1989 4849-4853 IN denotes that
T1990 4883-4887 VB denotes play
T1991 4854-4857 NN denotes D2R
T1992 4858-4866 VBN denotes mediated
T1993 4857-4858 HYPH denotes -
T1994 4867-4876 NN denotes signaling
T1995 4877-4882 MD denotes could
T1996 4888-4889 DT denotes a
T1997 4899-4903 NN denotes role
T1998 4890-4898 JJ denotes critical
T1999 4904-4906 IN denotes in
T2000 4907-4915 JJ denotes reversal
T2001 4916-4924 NN denotes learning
T2002 4925-4928 CC denotes but
T2003 4929-4932 VBP denotes are
T2004 4933-4945 JJ denotes insufficient
T2005 4946-4948 TO denotes to
T2006 4949-4954 VB denotes prove
T2007 4955-4957 PRP denotes it
T2008 4957-4958 . denotes .
T2009 4958-5385 sentence denotes In an effort to establish the contribution of dopamine D2 receptor-mediated signaling to associative and non-spatial reversal learning in adult mice, we compared mice [23] that had developed in the complete absence of all functional dopamine D2 receptors (D2R-/-) to wild-type littermates (D2R+/+) in a go/no-go operant learning procedure that measures primary reinforcement, sensory processing, and reversal learning [17-19].
T2010 4959-4961 IN denotes In
T2011 5112-5120 VBD denotes compared
T2012 4962-4964 DT denotes an
T2013 4965-4971 NN denotes effort
T2014 4972-4974 TO denotes to
T2015 4975-4984 VB denotes establish
T2016 4985-4988 DT denotes the
T2017 4989-5001 NN denotes contribution
T2018 5002-5004 IN denotes of
T2019 5005-5013 NN denotes dopamine
T2020 5017-5025 NN denotes receptor
T2021 5014-5016 NN denotes D2
T2022 5026-5034 VBN denotes mediated
T2023 5025-5026 HYPH denotes -
T2024 5035-5044 NN denotes signaling
T2025 5045-5047 IN denotes to
T2026 5048-5059 JJ denotes associative
T2027 5085-5093 NN denotes learning
T2028 5060-5063 CC denotes and
T2029 5064-5075 JJ denotes non-spatial
T2030 5076-5084 NN denotes reversal
T2031 5094-5096 IN denotes in
T2032 5097-5102 JJ denotes adult
T2033 5103-5107 NNS denotes mice
T2034 5107-5109 , denotes ,
T2035 5109-5111 PRP denotes we
T2036 5121-5125 NNS denotes mice
T2037 5126-5127 -LRB- denotes [
T2038 5127-5129 CD denotes 23
T2039 5129-5130 -RRB- denotes ]
T2040 5131-5135 WDT denotes that
T2041 5140-5149 VBN denotes developed
T2042 5136-5139 VBD denotes had
T2043 5150-5152 IN denotes in
T2044 5153-5156 DT denotes the
T2045 5166-5173 NN denotes absence
T2046 5157-5165 JJ denotes complete
T2047 5174-5176 IN denotes of
T2048 5177-5180 DT denotes all
T2049 5204-5213 NNS denotes receptors
T2050 5181-5191 JJ denotes functional
T2051 5192-5200 NN denotes dopamine
T2052 5201-5203 NN denotes D2
T2053 5214-5215 -LRB- denotes (
T2054 5215-5218 NN denotes D2R
T2055 5218-5219 SYM denotes -
T2056 5219-5220 HYPH denotes /
T2057 5220-5221 SYM denotes -
T2058 5221-5222 -RRB- denotes )
T2059 5223-5225 IN denotes to
T2060 5226-5230 JJ denotes wild
T2061 5231-5235 NN denotes type
T2062 5230-5231 HYPH denotes -
T2063 5236-5247 NNS denotes littermates
T2064 5248-5249 -LRB- denotes (
T2065 5249-5252 NN denotes D2R
T2066 5252-5253 SYM denotes +
T2067 5253-5254 HYPH denotes /
T2068 5254-5255 SYM denotes +
T2069 5255-5256 -RRB- denotes )
T2070 5257-5259 IN denotes in
T2071 5260-5261 DT denotes a
T2072 5288-5297 NN denotes procedure
T2073 5262-5264 NN denotes go
T2074 5264-5265 HYPH denotes /
T2075 5265-5267 DT denotes no
T2076 5268-5270 NN denotes go
T2077 5267-5268 HYPH denotes -
T2078 5271-5278 NN denotes operant
T2079 5279-5287 VBG denotes learning
T2080 5298-5302 WDT denotes that
T2081 5303-5311 VBZ denotes measures
T2082 5312-5319 JJ denotes primary
T2083 5320-5333 NN denotes reinforcement
T2084 5333-5335 , denotes ,
T2085 5335-5342 JJ denotes sensory
T2086 5343-5353 NN denotes processing
T2087 5353-5355 , denotes ,
T2088 5355-5358 CC denotes and
T2089 5359-5367 NN denotes reversal
T2090 5368-5376 NN denotes learning
T2091 5377-5378 -LRB- denotes [
T2092 5378-5380 CD denotes 17
T2093 5380-5381 SYM denotes -
T2094 5381-5383 CD denotes 19
T2095 5383-5384 -RRB- denotes ]
T2096 5384-5385 . denotes .
T2097 5385-5660 sentence denotes Here we report that dopamine D2R-mediated signaling must be intact if a mouse is to efficiently learn to associate a food reinforcer with a specific odor and then adaptively disengage inappropriate behavioral strategies following the reversal of reinforcement contingencies.
T2098 5386-5390 RB denotes Here
T2099 5394-5400 VBP denotes report
T2100 5391-5393 PRP denotes we
T2101 5401-5405 IN denotes that
T2102 5443-5445 VB denotes be
T2103 5406-5414 NN denotes dopamine
T2104 5415-5418 NN denotes D2R
T2105 5419-5427 VBN denotes mediated
T2106 5418-5419 HYPH denotes -
T2107 5428-5437 NN denotes signaling
T2108 5438-5442 MD denotes must
T2109 5446-5452 JJ denotes intact
T2110 5453-5455 IN denotes if
T2111 5464-5466 VBZ denotes is
T2112 5456-5457 DT denotes a
T2113 5458-5463 NN denotes mouse
T2114 5467-5469 TO denotes to
T2115 5482-5487 VB denotes learn
T2116 5470-5481 RB denotes efficiently
T2117 5488-5490 TO denotes to
T2118 5491-5500 VB denotes associate
T2119 5501-5502 DT denotes a
T2120 5508-5518 NN denotes reinforcer
T2121 5503-5507 NN denotes food
T2122 5519-5523 IN denotes with
T2123 5524-5525 DT denotes a
T2124 5535-5539 NN denotes odor
T2125 5526-5534 JJ denotes specific
T2126 5540-5543 CC denotes and
T2127 5544-5548 RB denotes then
T2128 5560-5569 VB denotes disengage
T2129 5549-5559 RB denotes adaptively
T2130 5570-5583 JJ denotes inappropriate
T2131 5595-5605 NNS denotes strategies
T2132 5584-5594 JJ denotes behavioral
T2133 5606-5615 VBG denotes following
T2134 5616-5619 DT denotes the
T2135 5620-5628 NN denotes reversal
T2136 5629-5631 IN denotes of
T2137 5632-5645 NN denotes reinforcement
T2138 5646-5659 NNS denotes contingencies
T2139 5659-5660 . denotes .
T2198 5671-5675 CC denotes Both
T2199 5681-5685 NN denotes type
T2200 5676-5680 JJ denotes wild
T2201 5680-5681 HYPH denotes -
T2202 5704-5708 NNS denotes mice
T2203 5686-5689 CC denotes and
T2204 5690-5693 NN denotes D2R
T2205 5694-5703 JJ denotes deficient
T2206 5709-5714 VBP denotes learn
T2207 5715-5722 NN denotes operant
T2208 5723-5732 NNS denotes behaviors
T2209 5733-5740 RB denotes equally
T2210 5741-5745 RB denotes well
T2211 5745-5871 sentence denotes Mildly food-deprived D2R+/+ and D2R-/- mice readily learned to locate and consume food pellets during both training sessions.
T2212 5746-5752 RB denotes Mildly
T2213 5758-5766 VBN denotes deprived
T2214 5753-5757 NN denotes food
T2215 5757-5758 HYPH denotes -
T2216 5785-5789 NNS denotes mice
T2217 5767-5770 NN denotes D2R
T2218 5770-5771 SYM denotes +
T2219 5771-5772 HYPH denotes /
T2220 5772-5773 SYM denotes +
T2221 5774-5777 CC denotes and
T2222 5778-5781 NN denotes D2R
T2223 5781-5782 SYM denotes -
T2224 5782-5783 HYPH denotes /
T2225 5783-5784 SYM denotes -
T2226 5798-5805 VBD denotes learned
T2227 5790-5797 RB denotes readily
T2228 5806-5808 TO denotes to
T2229 5809-5815 VB denotes locate
T2230 5816-5819 CC denotes and
T2231 5820-5827 VB denotes consume
T2232 5828-5832 NN denotes food
T2233 5833-5840 NNS denotes pellets
T2234 5841-5847 IN denotes during
T2235 5848-5852 DT denotes both
T2236 5862-5870 NNS denotes sessions
T2237 5853-5861 NN denotes training
T2238 5870-5871 . denotes .
T2239 5871-5978 sentence denotes Figure 1 depicts the latency for both genotypes to ambulate to a dish to retrieve an unhidden food pellet.
T2240 5872-5878 NN denotes Figure
T2241 5881-5888 VBZ denotes depicts
T2242 5879-5880 CD denotes 1
T2243 5889-5892 DT denotes the
T2244 5893-5900 NN denotes latency
T2245 5901-5904 IN denotes for
T2246 5923-5931 VB denotes ambulate
T2247 5905-5909 DT denotes both
T2248 5910-5919 NNS denotes genotypes
T2249 5920-5922 TO denotes to
T2250 5932-5934 IN denotes to
T2251 5935-5936 DT denotes a
T2252 5937-5941 NN denotes dish
T2253 5942-5944 TO denotes to
T2254 5945-5953 VB denotes retrieve
T2255 5954-5956 DT denotes an
T2256 5971-5977 NN denotes pellet
T2257 5957-5965 JJ denotes unhidden
T2258 5966-5970 NN denotes food
T2259 5977-5978 . denotes .
T2260 5978-6216 sentence denotes There were no differences between genotypes to retrieve the reinforcers (F1,59 = 0.2, p > 0.65), and both groups significantly decreased the amount of time necessary to perform this task along successive trials (F4,59 = 5.74, p < 0.001).
T2261 5979-5984 EX denotes There
T2262 5985-5989 VBD denotes were
T2263 5990-5992 DT denotes no
T2264 5993-6004 NNS denotes differences
T2265 6005-6012 IN denotes between
T2266 6013-6022 NNS denotes genotypes
T2267 6023-6025 TO denotes to
T2268 6026-6034 VB denotes retrieve
T2269 6035-6038 DT denotes the
T2270 6039-6050 NNS denotes reinforcers
T2271 6051-6052 -LRB- denotes (
T2272 6069-6073 CD denotes 0.65
T2273 6052-6054 NN denotes F1
T2274 6060-6063 CD denotes 0.2
T2275 6054-6055 , denotes ,
T2276 6055-6057 CD denotes 59
T2277 6058-6059 SYM denotes =
T2278 6063-6065 , denotes ,
T2279 6065-6066 NN denotes p
T2280 6067-6068 SYM denotes >
T2281 6073-6074 -RRB- denotes )
T2282 6074-6076 , denotes ,
T2283 6076-6079 CC denotes and
T2284 6080-6084 DT denotes both
T2285 6085-6091 NNS denotes groups
T2286 6106-6115 VBD denotes decreased
T2287 6092-6105 RB denotes significantly
T2288 6116-6119 DT denotes the
T2289 6120-6126 NN denotes amount
T2290 6127-6129 IN denotes of
T2291 6130-6134 NN denotes time
T2292 6135-6144 JJ denotes necessary
T2293 6145-6147 TO denotes to
T2294 6148-6155 VB denotes perform
T2295 6156-6160 DT denotes this
T2296 6161-6165 NN denotes task
T2297 6166-6171 IN denotes along
T2298 6172-6182 JJ denotes successive
T2299 6183-6189 NNS denotes trials
T2300 6190-6191 -LRB- denotes (
T2301 6209-6214 CD denotes 0.001
T2302 6191-6193 NN denotes F4
T2303 6199-6203 CD denotes 5.74
T2304 6193-6194 , denotes ,
T2305 6194-6196 CD denotes 59
T2306 6197-6198 SYM denotes =
T2307 6203-6205 , denotes ,
T2308 6205-6206 NN denotes p
T2309 6207-6208 SYM denotes <
T2310 6214-6215 -RRB- denotes )
T2311 6215-6216 . denotes .
T2312 6216-6324 sentence denotes Figure 2 depicts the latency to dig for the food pellet buried in a single dish filled with unscented sand.
T2313 6217-6223 NN denotes Figure
T2314 6226-6233 VBZ denotes depicts
T2315 6224-6225 CD denotes 2
T2316 6234-6237 DT denotes the
T2317 6238-6245 NN denotes latency
T2318 6246-6248 TO denotes to
T2319 6249-6252 VB denotes dig
T2320 6253-6256 IN denotes for
T2321 6257-6260 DT denotes the
T2322 6266-6272 NN denotes pellet
T2323 6261-6265 NN denotes food
T2324 6273-6279 VBN denotes buried
T2325 6280-6282 IN denotes in
T2326 6283-6284 DT denotes a
T2327 6292-6296 NN denotes dish
T2328 6285-6291 JJ denotes single
T2329 6297-6303 VBN denotes filled
T2330 6304-6308 IN denotes with
T2331 6309-6318 JJ denotes unscented
T2332 6319-6323 NN denotes sand
T2333 6323-6324 . denotes .
T2334 6324-6456 sentence denotes No genotype differences were found in the ability to dig through unscented sand for a hidden food pellet (F1,128 = 1.26, p > 0.27).
T2335 6325-6327 DT denotes No
T2336 6337-6348 NNS denotes differences
T2337 6328-6336 NN denotes genotype
T2338 6354-6359 VBN denotes found
T2339 6349-6353 VBD denotes were
T2340 6360-6362 IN denotes in
T2341 6363-6366 DT denotes the
T2342 6367-6374 NN denotes ability
T2343 6375-6377 TO denotes to
T2344 6378-6381 VB denotes dig
T2345 6382-6389 IN denotes through
T2346 6390-6399 JJ denotes unscented
T2347 6400-6404 NN denotes sand
T2348 6405-6408 IN denotes for
T2349 6409-6410 DT denotes a
T2350 6423-6429 NN denotes pellet
T2351 6411-6417 JJ denotes hidden
T2352 6418-6422 NN denotes food
T2353 6430-6431 -LRB- denotes (
T2354 6450-6454 CD denotes 0.27
T2355 6431-6433 NN denotes F1
T2356 6440-6444 CD denotes 1.26
T2357 6433-6434 , denotes ,
T2358 6434-6437 CD denotes 128
T2359 6438-6439 SYM denotes =
T2360 6444-6446 , denotes ,
T2361 6446-6447 NN denotes p
T2362 6448-6449 SYM denotes >
T2363 6454-6455 -RRB- denotes )
T2364 6455-6456 . denotes .
T2429 6513-6515 , denotes ,
T2430 6515-6523 NN denotes stimulus
T2431 6524-6538 NN denotes discrimination
T2432 6523-6524 HYPH denotes -
T2433 6538-6540 , denotes ,
T2434 6540-6547 NN denotes operant
T2435 6552-6857 sentence denotes To master the odor-driven stimulus discrimination task, D2R-/- mice required significantly more trials (Fig. 3A: t(14) = 2.20; p < 0.05) and committed more errors (Fig. 3B: t(14) = 2.92; p < 0.05) than D2R+/+ mice to learn to associate a specific odor with the presence or absence of the food reinforcer.
T2436 6553-6555 TO denotes To
T2437 6556-6562 VB denotes master
T2438 6621-6629 VBD denotes required
T2439 6563-6566 DT denotes the
T2440 6603-6607 NN denotes task
T2441 6567-6571 NN denotes odor
T2442 6572-6578 VBN denotes driven
T2443 6571-6572 HYPH denotes -
T2444 6579-6587 NN denotes stimulus
T2445 6588-6602 NN denotes discrimination
T2446 6607-6609 , denotes ,
T2447 6609-6612 NN denotes D2R
T2448 6616-6620 NNS denotes mice
T2449 6612-6613 SYM denotes -
T2450 6613-6614 HYPH denotes /
T2451 6614-6615 SYM denotes -
T2452 6630-6643 RB denotes significantly
T2453 6644-6648 JJR denotes more
T2454 6649-6655 NNS denotes trials
T2455 6656-6657 -LRB- denotes (
T2456 6657-6661 NN denotes Fig.
T2457 6662-6664 CD denotes 3A
T2458 6664-6666 : denotes :
T2459 6666-6667 NN denotes t
T2460 6674-6678 CD denotes 2.20
T2461 6667-6668 -LRB- denotes (
T2462 6668-6670 CD denotes 14
T2463 6670-6671 -RRB- denotes )
T2464 6672-6673 SYM denotes =
T2465 6678-6679 : denotes ;
T2466 6680-6681 NN denotes p
T2467 6684-6688 CD denotes 0.05
T2468 6682-6683 SYM denotes <
T2469 6688-6689 -RRB- denotes )
T2470 6690-6693 CC denotes and
T2471 6694-6703 VBD denotes committed
T2472 6704-6708 JJR denotes more
T2473 6709-6715 NNS denotes errors
T2474 6716-6717 -LRB- denotes (
T2475 6717-6721 NN denotes Fig.
T2476 6722-6724 CD denotes 3B
T2477 6724-6726 : denotes :
T2478 6726-6727 NN denotes t
T2479 6734-6738 CD denotes 2.92
T2480 6727-6728 -LRB- denotes (
T2481 6728-6730 CD denotes 14
T2482 6730-6731 -RRB- denotes )
T2483 6732-6733 SYM denotes =
T2484 6738-6739 : denotes ;
T2485 6740-6741 NN denotes p
T2486 6744-6748 CD denotes 0.05
T2487 6742-6743 SYM denotes <
T2488 6748-6749 -RRB- denotes )
T2489 6750-6754 IN denotes than
T2490 6755-6758 NN denotes D2R
T2491 6762-6766 NNS denotes mice
T2492 6758-6759 SYM denotes +
T2493 6759-6760 HYPH denotes /
T2494 6760-6761 SYM denotes +
T2495 6767-6769 TO denotes to
T2496 6770-6775 VB denotes learn
T2497 6776-6778 TO denotes to
T2498 6779-6788 VB denotes associate
T2499 6789-6790 DT denotes a
T2500 6800-6804 NN denotes odor
T2501 6791-6799 JJ denotes specific
T2502 6805-6809 IN denotes with
T2503 6810-6813 DT denotes the
T2504 6814-6822 NN denotes presence
T2505 6823-6825 CC denotes or
T2506 6826-6833 NN denotes absence
T2507 6834-6836 IN denotes of
T2508 6837-6840 DT denotes the
T2509 6846-6856 NN denotes reinforcer
T2510 6841-6845 NN denotes food
T2511 6856-6857 . denotes .
T2512 6857-7005 sentence denotes However, both genotypes did learn the task and eventually maintained accurate discrimination for a minimum of 8 correct responses out of 10 trials.
T2513 6858-6865 RB denotes However
T2514 6886-6891 VB denotes learn
T2515 6865-6867 , denotes ,
T2516 6867-6871 DT denotes both
T2517 6872-6881 NNS denotes genotypes
T2518 6882-6885 VBD denotes did
T2519 6892-6895 DT denotes the
T2520 6896-6900 NN denotes task
T2521 6901-6904 CC denotes and
T2522 6905-6915 RB denotes eventually
T2523 6916-6926 VBD denotes maintained
T2524 6927-6935 JJ denotes accurate
T2525 6936-6950 NN denotes discrimination
T2526 6951-6954 IN denotes for
T2527 6955-6956 DT denotes a
T2528 6957-6964 NN denotes minimum
T2529 6965-6967 IN denotes of
T2530 6968-6969 CD denotes 8
T2531 6978-6987 NNS denotes responses
T2532 6970-6977 JJ denotes correct
T2533 6988-6991 IN denotes out
T2534 6992-6994 IN denotes of
T2535 6995-6997 CD denotes 10
T2536 6998-7004 NNS denotes trials
T2537 7004-7005 . denotes .
T2709 7007-7011 NNS denotes Mice
T2710 7042-7048 VBP denotes engage
T2711 7012-7019 VBG denotes lacking
T2712 7020-7028 NN denotes dopamine
T2713 7029-7031 NN denotes D2
T2714 7032-7041 NNS denotes receptors
T2715 7049-7051 IN denotes in
T2716 7052-7064 JJ denotes unreinforced
T2717 7065-7073 NN denotes behavior
T2718 7074-7076 IN denotes in
T2719 7077-7078 DT denotes a
T2720 7093-7099 NN denotes manner
T2721 7079-7092 JJ denotes perseverative
T2722 7100-7109 VBG denotes following
T2723 7110-7118 NN denotes reversal
T2724 7119-7121 IN denotes of
T2725 7122-7135 NN denotes reinforcement
T2726 7136-7149 NNS denotes contingencies
T2727 7149-7393 sentence denotes D2R-/- mice repeatedly failed to inhibit previously established learning contingencies during reversal trials (Fig. 4A: t(14) = 3.54; p < 0.01) and committed significantly more reversal errors than D2R+/+ mice (Fig. 4B: t(14)= 3.18; p < 0.01).
T2728 7150-7153 NN denotes D2R
T2729 7157-7161 NNS denotes mice
T2730 7153-7154 SYM denotes -
T2731 7154-7155 HYPH denotes /
T2732 7155-7156 SYM denotes -
T2733 7173-7179 VBD denotes failed
T2734 7162-7172 RB denotes repeatedly
T2735 7180-7182 TO denotes to
T2736 7183-7190 VB denotes inhibit
T2737 7191-7201 RB denotes previously
T2738 7202-7213 VBN denotes established
T2739 7223-7236 NNS denotes contingencies
T2740 7214-7222 VBG denotes learning
T2741 7237-7243 IN denotes during
T2742 7244-7252 JJ denotes reversal
T2743 7253-7259 NNS denotes trials
T2744 7260-7261 -LRB- denotes (
T2745 7261-7265 NN denotes Fig.
T2746 7266-7268 CD denotes 4A
T2747 7268-7270 : denotes :
T2748 7270-7271 NN denotes t
T2749 7278-7282 CD denotes 3.54
T2750 7271-7272 -LRB- denotes (
T2751 7272-7274 CD denotes 14
T2752 7274-7275 -RRB- denotes )
T2753 7276-7277 SYM denotes =
T2754 7282-7283 : denotes ;
T2755 7284-7285 NN denotes p
T2756 7288-7292 CD denotes 0.01
T2757 7286-7287 SYM denotes <
T2758 7292-7293 -RRB- denotes )
T2759 7294-7297 CC denotes and
T2760 7298-7307 VBD denotes committed
T2761 7308-7321 RB denotes significantly
T2762 7322-7326 JJR denotes more
T2763 7336-7342 NNS denotes errors
T2764 7327-7335 NN denotes reversal
T2765 7343-7347 IN denotes than
T2766 7348-7351 NN denotes D2R
T2767 7355-7359 NNS denotes mice
T2768 7351-7352 SYM denotes +
T2769 7352-7353 HYPH denotes /
T2770 7353-7354 SYM denotes +
T2771 7360-7361 -LRB- denotes (
T2772 7361-7365 NN denotes Fig.
T2773 7366-7368 CD denotes 4B
T2774 7368-7370 : denotes :
T2775 7370-7371 NN denotes t
T2776 7377-7381 CD denotes 3.18
T2777 7371-7372 -LRB- denotes (
T2778 7372-7374 CD denotes 14
T2779 7374-7375 -RRB- denotes )
T2780 7375-7376 SYM denotes =
T2781 7381-7382 : denotes ;
T2782 7383-7384 NN denotes p
T2783 7387-7391 CD denotes 0.01
T2784 7385-7386 SYM denotes <
T2785 7391-7392 -RRB- denotes )
T2786 7392-7393 . denotes .
T2787 7393-7980 sentence denotes Categorical division of reversal errors (Ferry et al., 2000) – digging in the dish that did not contain the food pellet (S-) (error of commission; Fig. 5A) versus failing to respond within 3-min of presentation (error of omission; Fig. 5B) revealed that both genotypes chiefly committed errors of commission versus errors of omission (D2R-/- mice, U = 0.00; p < 0.01; D2R+/+ mice U = 9.00, p < 0.05), D2R-/- mice committed more commission errors than D2R+/+ mice (U = 5.00, p < 0.05), and there were no differences between D2R-/- and D2R+/+ mice in omission errors (U = 27.5, p = 0.65).
T2788 7394-7405 JJ denotes Categorical
T2789 7406-7414 NN denotes division
T2790 7634-7642 VBD denotes revealed
T2791 7415-7417 IN denotes of
T2792 7418-7426 NN denotes reversal
T2793 7427-7433 NNS denotes errors
T2794 7434-7435 -LRB- denotes (
T2795 7435-7440 NNP denotes Ferry
T2796 7441-7443 FW denotes et
T2797 7444-7447 FW denotes al.
T2798 7447-7449 , denotes ,
T2799 7449-7453 CD denotes 2000
T2800 7453-7454 -RRB- denotes )
T2801 7455-7456 : denotes –
T2803 7465-7467 IN denotes in
T2804 7468-7471 DT denotes the
T2805 7472-7476 NN denotes dish
T2806 7477-7481 WDT denotes that
T2807 7490-7497 VB denotes contain
T2808 7482-7485 VBD denotes did
T2809 7486-7489 RB denotes not
T2810 7498-7501 DT denotes the
T2811 7507-7513 NN denotes pellet
T2812 7502-7506 NN denotes food
T2813 7514-7515 -LRB- denotes (
T2814 7515-7516 NN denotes S
T2815 7516-7517 SYM denotes -
T2816 7517-7518 -RRB- denotes )
T2817 7519-7520 -LRB- denotes (
T2818 7541-7545 NN denotes Fig.
T2819 7520-7525 NN denotes error
T2820 7526-7528 IN denotes of
T2821 7529-7539 NN denotes commission
T2822 7539-7540 : denotes ;
T2823 7546-7548 CD denotes 5A
T2824 7548-7549 -RRB- denotes )
T2825 7550-7556 CC denotes versus
T2826 7557-7564 VBG denotes failing
T2827 7565-7567 TO denotes to
T2828 7568-7575 VB denotes respond
T2829 7576-7582 IN denotes within
T2830 7583-7584 CD denotes 3
T2831 7585-7588 NN denotes min
T2832 7584-7585 HYPH denotes -
T2833 7589-7591 IN denotes of
T2834 7592-7604 NN denotes presentation
T2835 7605-7606 -LRB- denotes (
T2836 7625-7629 NN denotes Fig.
T2837 7606-7611 NN denotes error
T2838 7612-7614 IN denotes of
T2839 7615-7623 NN denotes omission
T2840 7623-7624 : denotes ;
T2841 7630-7632 CD denotes 5B
T2842 7632-7633 -RRB- denotes )
T2843 7643-7647 IN denotes that
T2844 7671-7680 VBD denotes committed
T2845 7648-7652 DT denotes both
T2846 7653-7662 NNS denotes genotypes
T2847 7663-7670 RB denotes chiefly
T2848 7681-7687 NNS denotes errors
T2849 7688-7690 IN denotes of
T2850 7691-7701 NN denotes commission
T2851 7702-7708 CC denotes versus
T2852 7709-7715 NNS denotes errors
T2853 7716-7718 IN denotes of
T2854 7719-7727 NN denotes omission
T2855 7728-7729 -LRB- denotes (
T2856 7788-7792 CD denotes 0.05
T2857 7729-7732 NN denotes D2R
T2858 7736-7740 NNS denotes mice
T2859 7732-7733 SYM denotes -
T2860 7733-7734 HYPH denotes /
T2861 7734-7735 SYM denotes -
T2862 7756-7760 CD denotes 0.01
T2863 7740-7742 , denotes ,
T2864 7742-7743 NN denotes U
T2865 7746-7750 CD denotes 0.00
T2866 7744-7745 SYM denotes =
T2867 7750-7751 : denotes ;
T2868 7752-7753 NN denotes p
T2869 7754-7755 SYM denotes <
T2870 7760-7761 : denotes ;
T2871 7762-7765 NN denotes D2R
T2872 7769-7773 NNS denotes mice
T2873 7765-7766 SYM denotes +
T2874 7766-7767 HYPH denotes /
T2875 7767-7768 SYM denotes +
T2876 7774-7775 NN denotes U
T2877 7778-7782 CD denotes 9.00
T2878 7776-7777 SYM denotes =
T2879 7782-7784 , denotes ,
T2880 7784-7785 NN denotes p
T2881 7786-7787 SYM denotes <
T2882 7792-7793 -RRB- denotes )
T2883 7793-7795 , denotes ,
T2884 7795-7798 NN denotes D2R
T2885 7802-7806 NNS denotes mice
T2886 7798-7799 SYM denotes -
T2887 7799-7800 HYPH denotes /
T2888 7800-7801 SYM denotes -
T2889 7807-7816 VBD denotes committed
T2890 7817-7821 JJR denotes more
T2891 7833-7839 NNS denotes errors
T2892 7822-7832 NN denotes commission
T2893 7840-7844 IN denotes than
T2894 7845-7848 NN denotes D2R
T2895 7852-7856 NNS denotes mice
T2896 7848-7849 SYM denotes +
T2897 7849-7850 HYPH denotes /
T2898 7850-7851 SYM denotes +
T2899 7857-7858 -LRB- denotes (
T2900 7872-7876 CD denotes 0.05
T2901 7858-7859 NN denotes U
T2902 7862-7866 CD denotes 5.00
T2903 7860-7861 SYM denotes =
T2904 7866-7868 , denotes ,
T2905 7868-7869 NN denotes p
T2906 7870-7871 SYM denotes <
T2907 7876-7877 -RRB- denotes )
T2908 7877-7879 , denotes ,
T2909 7879-7882 CC denotes and
T2910 7883-7888 EX denotes there
T2911 7889-7893 VBD denotes were
T2912 7894-7896 DT denotes no
T2913 7897-7908 NNS denotes differences
T2914 7909-7916 IN denotes between
T2915 7917-7920 NN denotes D2R
T2916 7935-7939 NNS denotes mice
T2917 7920-7921 SYM denotes -
T2918 7921-7922 HYPH denotes /
T2919 7922-7923 SYM denotes -
T2920 7924-7927 CC denotes and
T2921 7928-7931 NN denotes D2R
T2922 7931-7932 SYM denotes +
T2923 7932-7933 HYPH denotes /
T2924 7933-7934 SYM denotes +
T2925 7940-7942 IN denotes in
T2926 7943-7951 NN denotes omission
T2927 7952-7958 NNS denotes errors
T2928 7959-7960 -LRB- denotes (
T2929 7974-7978 CD denotes 0.65
T2930 7960-7961 NN denotes U
T2931 7964-7968 CD denotes 27.5
T2932 7962-7963 SYM denotes =
T2933 7968-7970 , denotes ,
T2934 7970-7971 NN denotes p
T2935 7972-7973 SYM denotes =
T2936 7978-7979 -RRB- denotes )
T2937 7979-7980 . denotes .
T2938 7980-8288 sentence denotes Moreover, the number of commission errors committed during the first reversal session (an index of stimulus bound perseveration, where all animals are responding to the reversed contingencies for the first time; Fig. 6) indicated a deficit in the D2R-/- mice compared to the D2R+/+ mice (U = 8.5, p < 0.01).
T2939 7981-7989 RB denotes Moreover
T2940 8201-8210 VBD denotes indicated
T2941 7989-7991 , denotes ,
T2942 7991-7994 DT denotes the
T2943 7995-8001 NN denotes number
T2944 8002-8004 IN denotes of
T2945 8005-8015 NN denotes commission
T2946 8016-8022 NNS denotes errors
T2947 8023-8032 VBN denotes committed
T2948 8033-8039 IN denotes during
T2949 8040-8043 DT denotes the
T2950 8059-8066 NN denotes session
T2951 8044-8049 JJ denotes first
T2952 8050-8058 NN denotes reversal
T2953 8067-8068 -LRB- denotes (
T2954 8068-8070 DT denotes an
T2955 8071-8076 NN denotes index
T2956 8077-8079 IN denotes of
T2957 8080-8088 NN denotes stimulus
T2958 8095-8108 NN denotes perseveration
T2959 8089-8094 VBN denotes bound
T2960 8108-8110 , denotes ,
T2961 8110-8115 WRB denotes where
T2962 8132-8142 VBG denotes responding
T2963 8116-8119 DT denotes all
T2964 8120-8127 NNS denotes animals
T2965 8128-8131 VBP denotes are
T2966 8143-8145 IN denotes to
T2967 8146-8149 DT denotes the
T2968 8159-8172 NNS denotes contingencies
T2969 8150-8158 VBN denotes reversed
T2970 8173-8176 IN denotes for
T2971 8177-8180 DT denotes the
T2972 8187-8191 NN denotes time
T2973 8181-8186 JJ denotes first
T2974 8191-8192 : denotes ;
T2975 8193-8197 NN denotes Fig.
T2976 8198-8199 CD denotes 6
T2977 8199-8200 -RRB- denotes )
T2978 8211-8212 DT denotes a
T2979 8213-8220 NN denotes deficit
T2980 8221-8223 IN denotes in
T2981 8224-8227 DT denotes the
T2982 8235-8239 NNS denotes mice
T2983 8228-8231 NN denotes D2R
T2984 8231-8232 SYM denotes -
T2985 8232-8233 HYPH denotes /
T2986 8233-8234 SYM denotes -
T2987 8240-8248 VBN denotes compared
T2988 8249-8251 IN denotes to
T2989 8252-8255 DT denotes the
T2990 8263-8267 NNS denotes mice
T2991 8256-8259 NN denotes D2R
T2992 8259-8260 SYM denotes +
T2993 8260-8261 HYPH denotes /
T2994 8261-8262 SYM denotes +
T2995 8268-8269 -LRB- denotes (
T2996 8282-8286 CD denotes 0.01
T2997 8269-8270 NN denotes U
T2998 8273-8276 CD denotes 8.5
T2999 8271-8272 SYM denotes =
T3000 8276-8278 , denotes ,
T3001 8278-8279 NN denotes p
T3002 8280-8281 SYM denotes <
T3003 8286-8287 -RRB- denotes )
T3004 8287-8288 . denotes .
T3005 8288-8528 sentence denotes Finally, in an attempt to assess whether perseveration occurred across multiple reversal sessions (Fig. 7), we analyzed the number of commission errors emitted before relearning the reinforcement contingencies during the reversal sessions.
T3006 8289-8296 RB denotes Finally
T3007 8400-8408 VBD denotes analyzed
T3008 8296-8298 , denotes ,
T3009 8298-8300 IN denotes in
T3010 8301-8303 DT denotes an
T3011 8304-8311 NN denotes attempt
T3012 8312-8314 TO denotes to
T3013 8315-8321 VB denotes assess
T3014 8322-8329 IN denotes whether
T3015 8344-8352 VBD denotes occurred
T3016 8330-8343 NN denotes perseveration
T3017 8353-8359 IN denotes across
T3018 8360-8368 JJ denotes multiple
T3019 8378-8386 NNS denotes sessions
T3020 8369-8377 NN denotes reversal
T3021 8387-8388 -LRB- denotes (
T3022 8388-8392 NN denotes Fig.
T3023 8393-8394 CD denotes 7
T3024 8394-8395 -RRB- denotes )
T3025 8395-8397 , denotes ,
T3026 8397-8399 PRP denotes we
T3027 8409-8412 DT denotes the
T3028 8413-8419 NN denotes number
T3029 8420-8422 IN denotes of
T3030 8423-8433 NN denotes commission
T3031 8434-8440 NNS denotes errors
T3032 8441-8448 VBN denotes emitted
T3033 8449-8455 IN denotes before
T3034 8456-8466 VBG denotes relearning
T3035 8467-8470 DT denotes the
T3036 8485-8498 NNS denotes contingencies
T3037 8471-8484 NN denotes reinforcement
T3038 8499-8505 IN denotes during
T3039 8506-8509 DT denotes the
T3040 8519-8527 NNS denotes sessions
T3041 8510-8518 JJ denotes reversal
T3042 8527-8528 . denotes .
T3043 8528-8628 sentence denotes The data depicted were collected from subjects that had not achieved the 80% performance criterion.
T3044 8529-8532 DT denotes The
T3045 8533-8537 NNS denotes data
T3046 8552-8561 VBN denotes collected
T3047 8538-8546 VBN denotes depicted
T3048 8547-8551 VBD denotes were
T3049 8562-8566 IN denotes from
T3050 8567-8575 NNS denotes subjects
T3051 8576-8580 WDT denotes that
T3052 8589-8597 VBN denotes achieved
T3053 8581-8584 VBD denotes had
T3054 8585-8588 RB denotes not
T3055 8598-8601 DT denotes the
T3056 8618-8627 NN denotes criterion
T3057 8602-8604 CD denotes 80
T3058 8604-8605 NN denotes %
T3059 8606-8617 NN denotes performance
T3060 8627-8628 . denotes .
T3061 8628-8811 sentence denotes Therefore, the number of D2R+/+ mice represented in session #1 is 8, in session #2 n = 8, session #3 n = 6 (2 mice met our criterion), in session # 4 n = 5 (three met the criterion).
T3062 8629-8638 RB denotes Therefore
T3063 8783-8784 CD denotes 5
T3064 8638-8640 , denotes ,
T3065 8640-8643 DT denotes the
T3066 8644-8650 NN denotes number
T3067 8692-8694 VBZ denotes is
T3068 8651-8653 IN denotes of
T3069 8654-8657 NN denotes D2R
T3070 8661-8665 NNS denotes mice
T3071 8657-8658 SYM denotes +
T3072 8658-8659 HYPH denotes /
T3073 8659-8660 SYM denotes +
T3074 8666-8677 VBN denotes represented
T3075 8678-8680 IN denotes in
T3076 8681-8688 NN denotes session
T3077 8689-8690 NN denotes #
T3078 8690-8691 CD denotes 1
T3079 8695-8696 CD denotes 8
T3080 8696-8698 , denotes ,
T3081 8698-8700 IN denotes in
T3082 8716-8717 CD denotes 8
T3083 8701-8708 NN denotes session
T3084 8709-8710 NN denotes #
T3085 8710-8711 CD denotes 2
T3086 8712-8713 NN denotes n
T3087 8714-8715 SYM denotes =
T3088 8717-8719 , denotes ,
T3089 8719-8726 NN denotes session
T3090 8727-8728 NN denotes #
T3091 8734-8735 CD denotes 6
T3092 8728-8729 CD denotes 3
T3093 8730-8731 NN denotes n
T3094 8732-8733 SYM denotes =
T3095 8736-8737 -LRB- denotes (
T3096 8744-8747 VBD denotes met
T3097 8737-8738 CD denotes 2
T3098 8739-8743 NNS denotes mice
T3099 8748-8751 PRP$ denotes our
T3100 8752-8761 NN denotes criterion
T3101 8761-8762 -RRB- denotes )
T3102 8762-8764 , denotes ,
T3103 8764-8766 IN denotes in
T3104 8767-8774 NN denotes session
T3105 8775-8776 NN denotes #
T3106 8777-8778 CD denotes 4
T3107 8779-8780 NN denotes n
T3108 8781-8782 SYM denotes =
T3109 8785-8786 -LRB- denotes (
T3110 8792-8795 VBD denotes met
T3111 8786-8791 CD denotes three
T3112 8796-8799 DT denotes the
T3113 8800-8809 NN denotes criterion
T3114 8809-8810 -RRB- denotes )
T3115 8810-8811 . denotes .
T3116 8811-8878 sentence denotes Following session 5, the remaining 5 D2R+/+ mice had met criteria.
T3117 8812-8821 VBG denotes Following
T3118 8865-8868 VBN denotes met
T3119 8822-8829 NN denotes session
T3120 8830-8831 CD denotes 5
T3121 8831-8833 , denotes ,
T3122 8833-8836 DT denotes the
T3123 8856-8860 NNS denotes mice
T3124 8837-8846 VBG denotes remaining
T3125 8847-8848 CD denotes 5
T3126 8849-8852 NN denotes D2R
T3127 8852-8853 SYM denotes +
T3128 8853-8854 HYPH denotes /
T3129 8854-8855 SYM denotes +
T3130 8861-8864 VBD denotes had
T3131 8869-8877 NNS denotes criteria
T3132 8877-8878 . denotes .
T3133 8878-8946 sentence denotes For the D2R-/- mice, each point on the graph represents 8 subjects.
T3134 8879-8882 IN denotes For
T3135 8924-8934 VBZ denotes represents
T3136 8883-8886 DT denotes the
T3137 8894-8898 NNS denotes mice
T3138 8887-8890 NN denotes D2R
T3139 8890-8891 SYM denotes -
T3140 8891-8892 HYPH denotes /
T3141 8892-8893 SYM denotes -
T3142 8898-8900 , denotes ,
T3143 8900-8904 DT denotes each
T3144 8905-8910 NN denotes point
T3145 8911-8913 IN denotes on
T3146 8914-8917 DT denotes the
T3147 8918-8923 NN denotes graph
T3148 8935-8936 CD denotes 8
T3149 8937-8945 NNS denotes subjects
T3150 8945-8946 . denotes .
T3151 8946-9023 sentence denotes None of the D2R-/- mice achieved the criterion of 80% accuracy by session 5.
T3152 8947-8951 NN denotes None
T3153 8971-8979 VBD denotes achieved
T3154 8952-8954 IN denotes of
T3155 8955-8958 DT denotes the
T3156 8966-8970 NNS denotes mice
T3157 8959-8962 NN denotes D2R
T3158 8962-8963 SYM denotes -
T3159 8963-8964 HYPH denotes /
T3160 8964-8965 SYM denotes -
T3161 8980-8983 DT denotes the
T3162 8984-8993 NN denotes criterion
T3163 8994-8996 IN denotes of
T3164 8997-8999 CD denotes 80
T3165 8999-9000 NN denotes %
T3166 9001-9009 NN denotes accuracy
T3167 9010-9012 IN denotes by
T3168 9013-9020 NN denotes session
T3169 9021-9022 CD denotes 5
T3170 9022-9023 . denotes .
T3171 9023-9172 sentence denotes For the overall 2-way ANOVA, there was a significant difference between genotypes for the number of perseverative errors (F1,51 = 16.61, p < 0.001).
T3172 9024-9027 IN denotes For
T3173 9059-9062 VBD denotes was
T3174 9028-9031 DT denotes the
T3175 9046-9051 NN denotes ANOVA
T3176 9032-9039 JJ denotes overall
T3177 9040-9041 CD denotes 2
T3178 9042-9045 NN denotes way
T3179 9041-9042 HYPH denotes -
T3180 9051-9053 , denotes ,
T3181 9053-9058 EX denotes there
T3182 9063-9064 DT denotes a
T3183 9077-9087 NN denotes difference
T3184 9065-9076 JJ denotes significant
T3185 9088-9095 IN denotes between
T3186 9096-9105 NNS denotes genotypes
T3187 9106-9109 IN denotes for
T3188 9110-9113 DT denotes the
T3189 9114-9120 NN denotes number
T3190 9121-9123 IN denotes of
T3191 9124-9137 JJ denotes perseverative
T3192 9138-9144 NNS denotes errors
T3193 9145-9146 -LRB- denotes (
T3194 9165-9170 CD denotes 0.001
T3195 9146-9148 NN denotes F1
T3196 9154-9159 CD denotes 16.61
T3197 9148-9149 , denotes ,
T3198 9149-9151 CD denotes 51
T3199 9152-9153 SYM denotes =
T3200 9159-9161 , denotes ,
T3201 9161-9162 NN denotes p
T3202 9163-9164 SYM denotes <
T3203 9170-9171 -RRB- denotes )
T3204 9171-9172 . denotes .
T6452 21190-21197 NNS denotes rodents
T4023 9185-9187 IN denotes In
T4024 9203-9209 VBD denotes sought
T4025 9188-9192 DT denotes this
T4026 9193-9198 NN denotes study
T4027 9198-9200 , denotes ,
T4028 9200-9202 PRP denotes we
T4029 9210-9212 TO denotes to
T4030 9213-9222 VB denotes determine
T4031 9223-9226 DT denotes the
T4032 9227-9239 NN denotes contribution
T4033 9240-9242 IN denotes of
T4034 9243-9251 NN denotes dopamine
T4035 9252-9254 NN denotes D2
T4036 9255-9263 NN denotes receptor
T4037 9264-9272 VBN denotes mediated
T4038 9263-9264 HYPH denotes -
T4039 9273-9282 NN denotes signaling
T4040 9283-9285 IN denotes to
T4041 9286-9289 DT denotes the
T4042 9298-9304 NNS denotes stages
T4043 9290-9297 JJ denotes various
T4044 9305-9307 IN denotes of
T4045 9308-9319 JJ denotes associative
T4046 9333-9341 NN denotes learning
T4047 9320-9323 CC denotes and
T4048 9324-9332 NN denotes reversal
T4049 9341-9342 . denotes .
T4050 9342-9599 sentence denotes D2R-/- mice demonstrated that they were capable of learning to locate and consume food pellets, indicating that their locomotor behavior was not detectably disrupted and their primary motivation to obtain a natural reinforcer (food pellet) was undisturbed.
T4051 9343-9346 NN denotes D2R
T4052 9350-9354 NNS denotes mice
T4053 9346-9347 SYM denotes -
T4054 9347-9348 HYPH denotes /
T4055 9348-9349 SYM denotes -
T4056 9355-9367 VBD denotes demonstrated
T4057 9368-9372 IN denotes that
T4058 9378-9382 VBD denotes were
T4059 9373-9377 PRP denotes they
T4060 9383-9390 JJ denotes capable
T4061 9391-9393 IN denotes of
T4062 9394-9402 VBG denotes learning
T4063 9403-9405 TO denotes to
T4064 9406-9412 VB denotes locate
T4065 9413-9416 CC denotes and
T4066 9417-9424 VB denotes consume
T4067 9425-9429 NN denotes food
T4068 9430-9437 NNS denotes pellets
T4069 9437-9439 , denotes ,
T4070 9439-9449 VBG denotes indicating
T4071 9450-9454 IN denotes that
T4072 9499-9508 VBN denotes disrupted
T4073 9455-9460 PRP$ denotes their
T4074 9471-9479 NN denotes behavior
T4075 9461-9470 NN denotes locomotor
T4076 9480-9483 VBD denotes was
T4077 9484-9487 RB denotes not
T4078 9488-9498 RB denotes detectably
T4079 9509-9512 CC denotes and
T4080 9513-9518 PRP$ denotes their
T4081 9527-9537 NN denotes motivation
T4082 9519-9526 JJ denotes primary
T4083 9583-9586 VBD denotes was
T4084 9538-9540 TO denotes to
T4085 9541-9547 VB denotes obtain
T4086 9548-9549 DT denotes a
T4087 9558-9568 NN denotes reinforcer
T4088 9550-9557 JJ denotes natural
T4089 9569-9570 -LRB- denotes (
T4090 9570-9574 NN denotes food
T4091 9575-9581 NN denotes pellet
T4092 9581-9582 -RRB- denotes )
T4093 9587-9598 JJ denotes undisturbed
T4094 9598-9599 . denotes .
T4095 9599-9867 sentence denotes Rather, the impaired ability of D2R-/- mice to assign appropriate discriminative stimulus relationships in an operant discrimination task argues that D2R-mediated signaling contributes to the neuronal processes involved in attaching salience to environmental stimuli.
T4096 9600-9606 RB denotes Rather
T4097 9738-9744 VBZ denotes argues
T4098 9606-9608 , denotes ,
T4099 9608-9611 DT denotes the
T4100 9621-9628 NN denotes ability
T4101 9612-9620 JJ denotes impaired
T4102 9629-9631 IN denotes of
T4103 9632-9635 NN denotes D2R
T4104 9639-9643 NNS denotes mice
T4105 9635-9636 SYM denotes -
T4106 9636-9637 HYPH denotes /
T4107 9637-9638 SYM denotes -
T4108 9644-9646 TO denotes to
T4109 9647-9653 VB denotes assign
T4110 9654-9665 JJ denotes appropriate
T4111 9690-9703 NNS denotes relationships
T4112 9666-9680 JJ denotes discriminative
T4113 9681-9689 NN denotes stimulus
T4114 9704-9706 IN denotes in
T4115 9707-9709 DT denotes an
T4116 9733-9737 NN denotes task
T4117 9710-9717 NN denotes operant
T4118 9718-9732 NN denotes discrimination
T4119 9745-9749 IN denotes that
T4120 9773-9784 VBZ denotes contributes
T4121 9750-9753 NN denotes D2R
T4122 9754-9762 VBN denotes mediated
T4123 9753-9754 HYPH denotes -
T4124 9763-9772 NN denotes signaling
T4125 9785-9787 IN denotes to
T4126 9788-9791 DT denotes the
T4127 9801-9810 NNS denotes processes
T4128 9792-9800 JJ denotes neuronal
T4129 9811-9819 VBN denotes involved
T4130 9820-9822 IN denotes in
T4131 9823-9832 VBG denotes attaching
T4132 9833-9841 NN denotes salience
T4133 9842-9844 IN denotes to
T4134 9845-9858 JJ denotes environmental
T4135 9859-9866 NNS denotes stimuli
T4136 9866-9867 . denotes .
T4137 9867-10085 sentence denotes The deficient capacity of D2R-/- mice to disengage inappropriate decision strategies strongly argues that mesolimbic dopamine signaling, mediated by dopamine D2Rs is essential for efficient reversal learning to occur.
T4138 9868-9871 DT denotes The
T4139 9882-9890 NN denotes capacity
T4140 9872-9881 JJ denotes deficient
T4141 9962-9968 VBZ denotes argues
T4142 9891-9893 IN denotes of
T4143 9894-9897 NN denotes D2R
T4144 9901-9905 NNS denotes mice
T4145 9897-9898 SYM denotes -
T4146 9898-9899 HYPH denotes /
T4147 9899-9900 SYM denotes -
T4148 9906-9908 TO denotes to
T4149 9909-9918 VB denotes disengage
T4150 9919-9932 JJ denotes inappropriate
T4151 9942-9952 NNS denotes strategies
T4152 9933-9941 NN denotes decision
T4153 9953-9961 RB denotes strongly
T4154 9969-9973 IN denotes that
T4155 10031-10033 VBZ denotes is
T4156 9974-9984 JJ denotes mesolimbic
T4157 9994-10003 NN denotes signaling
T4158 9985-9993 NN denotes dopamine
T4159 10003-10005 , denotes ,
T4160 10005-10013 VBN denotes mediated
T4161 10014-10016 IN denotes by
T4162 10017-10025 NN denotes dopamine
T4163 10026-10030 NNS denotes D2Rs
T4164 10034-10043 JJ denotes essential
T4165 10044-10047 IN denotes for
T4166 10079-10084 VB denotes occur
T4167 10048-10057 JJ denotes efficient
T4168 10067-10075 NN denotes learning
T4169 10058-10066 NN denotes reversal
T4170 10076-10078 TO denotes to
T4171 10084-10085 . denotes .
T4172 10085-10292 sentence denotes Mice with or without intact dopamine D2R-mediated signaling displayed similar decreases in latencies to retrieve unhidden food pellets (Fig. 1) and learned to dig for food buried in unscented sand (Fig. 2).
T4173 10086-10090 NNS denotes Mice
T4174 10146-10155 VBD denotes displayed
T4175 10091-10095 IN denotes with
T4176 10096-10098 CC denotes or
T4177 10099-10106 IN denotes without
T4178 10107-10113 JJ denotes intact
T4179 10136-10145 NN denotes signaling
T4180 10114-10122 NN denotes dopamine
T4181 10123-10126 NN denotes D2R
T4182 10127-10135 VBN denotes mediated
T4183 10126-10127 HYPH denotes -
T4184 10156-10163 JJ denotes similar
T4185 10164-10173 NNS denotes decreases
T4186 10174-10176 IN denotes in
T4187 10177-10186 NNS denotes latencies
T4188 10187-10189 TO denotes to
T4189 10190-10198 VB denotes retrieve
T4190 10199-10207 JJ denotes unhidden
T4191 10213-10220 NNS denotes pellets
T4192 10208-10212 NN denotes food
T4193 10221-10222 -LRB- denotes (
T4194 10222-10226 NN denotes Fig.
T4195 10227-10228 CD denotes 1
T4196 10228-10229 -RRB- denotes )
T4197 10230-10233 CC denotes and
T4198 10234-10241 VBD denotes learned
T4199 10242-10244 TO denotes to
T4200 10245-10248 VB denotes dig
T4201 10249-10252 IN denotes for
T4202 10253-10257 NN denotes food
T4203 10258-10264 VBN denotes buried
T4204 10265-10267 IN denotes in
T4205 10268-10277 JJ denotes unscented
T4206 10278-10282 NN denotes sand
T4207 10283-10284 -LRB- denotes (
T4208 10284-10288 NN denotes Fig.
T4209 10289-10290 CD denotes 2
T4210 10290-10291 -RRB- denotes )
T4211 10291-10292 . denotes .
T4212 10292-10520 sentence denotes These findings are in complete agreement with earlier studies that utilized rats and fairly selective D2R antagonists [3-8], as well as even very extensive 6-OHDA lesions [1,10,11] in associative and operant learning paradigms.
T4213 10293-10298 DT denotes These
T4214 10299-10307 NNS denotes findings
T4215 10308-10311 VBP denotes are
T4216 10312-10314 IN denotes in
T4217 10315-10323 JJ denotes complete
T4218 10324-10333 NN denotes agreement
T4219 10334-10338 IN denotes with
T4220 10339-10346 JJR denotes earlier
T4221 10347-10354 NNS denotes studies
T4222 10355-10359 WDT denotes that
T4223 10360-10368 VBD denotes utilized
T4224 10369-10373 NNS denotes rats
T4225 10374-10377 CC denotes and
T4226 10378-10384 RB denotes fairly
T4227 10385-10394 JJ denotes selective
T4228 10399-10410 NNS denotes antagonists
T4229 10395-10398 NN denotes D2R
T4230 10411-10412 -LRB- denotes [
T4231 10412-10413 CD denotes 3
T4232 10413-10414 SYM denotes -
T4233 10414-10415 CD denotes 8
T4234 10415-10416 -RRB- denotes ]
T4235 10416-10418 , denotes ,
T4236 10418-10420 RB denotes as
T4237 10426-10428 IN denotes as
T4238 10421-10425 RB denotes well
T4239 10429-10433 RB denotes even
T4240 10456-10463 NNS denotes lesions
T4241 10434-10438 RB denotes very
T4242 10439-10448 JJ denotes extensive
T4243 10449-10450 CD denotes 6
T4244 10451-10455 NN denotes OHDA
T4245 10450-10451 HYPH denotes -
T4246 10464-10465 -LRB- denotes [
T4247 10470-10472 CD denotes 11
T4248 10465-10466 CD denotes 1
T4249 10466-10467 , denotes ,
T4250 10467-10469 CD denotes 10
T4251 10469-10470 , denotes ,
T4252 10472-10473 -RRB- denotes ]
T4253 10474-10476 IN denotes in
T4254 10477-10488 JJ denotes associative
T4255 10510-10519 NNS denotes paradigms
T4256 10489-10492 CC denotes and
T4257 10493-10500 NN denotes operant
T4258 10501-10509 NN denotes learning
T4259 10519-10520 . denotes .
T4260 10520-10708 sentence denotes Our results add to a growing literature demonstrating a negligible role of dopamine, and now, specifically, D2Rs in the unconditioned or hedonic value of natural (food) reinforcers [1,2].
T4261 10521-10524 PRP$ denotes Our
T4262 10525-10532 NNS denotes results
T4263 10533-10536 VBP denotes add
T4264 10537-10539 IN denotes to
T4265 10540-10541 DT denotes a
T4266 10550-10560 NN denotes literature
T4267 10542-10549 VBG denotes growing
T4268 10561-10574 VBG denotes demonstrating
T4269 10575-10576 DT denotes a
T4270 10588-10592 NN denotes role
T4271 10577-10587 JJ denotes negligible
T4272 10593-10595 IN denotes of
T4273 10596-10604 NN denotes dopamine
T4274 10604-10606 , denotes ,
T4275 10606-10609 CC denotes and
T4276 10610-10613 RB denotes now
T4277 10629-10633 NNS denotes D2Rs
T4278 10613-10615 , denotes ,
T4279 10615-10627 RB denotes specifically
T4280 10627-10629 , denotes ,
T4281 10634-10636 IN denotes in
T4282 10637-10640 DT denotes the
T4283 10666-10671 NN denotes value
T4284 10641-10654 JJ denotes unconditioned
T4285 10655-10657 CC denotes or
T4286 10658-10665 JJ denotes hedonic
T4287 10672-10674 IN denotes of
T4288 10675-10682 JJ denotes natural
T4289 10690-10701 NNS denotes reinforcers
T4290 10683-10684 -LRB- denotes (
T4291 10684-10688 NN denotes food
T4292 10688-10689 -RRB- denotes )
T4293 10702-10703 -LRB- denotes [
T4294 10705-10706 CD denotes 2
T4295 10703-10704 CD denotes 1
T4296 10704-10705 , denotes ,
T4297 10706-10707 -RRB- denotes ]
T4298 10707-10708 . denotes .
T4299 10708-10889 sentence denotes The comparatively poor skill of D2R-/- mice during discrimination trials suggests a role for D2Rs in acquisition of appropriate S+/S- relationships in operant associative learning.
T4300 10709-10712 DT denotes The
T4301 10732-10737 NN denotes skill
T4302 10713-10726 RB denotes comparatively
T4303 10727-10731 JJ denotes poor
T4304 10782-10790 VBZ denotes suggests
T4305 10738-10740 IN denotes of
T4306 10741-10744 NN denotes D2R
T4307 10748-10752 NNS denotes mice
T4308 10744-10745 SYM denotes -
T4309 10745-10746 HYPH denotes /
T4310 10746-10747 SYM denotes -
T4311 10753-10759 IN denotes during
T4312 10760-10774 NN denotes discrimination
T4313 10775-10781 NNS denotes trials
T4314 10791-10792 DT denotes a
T4315 10793-10797 NN denotes role
T4316 10798-10801 IN denotes for
T4317 10802-10806 NNS denotes D2Rs
T4318 10807-10809 IN denotes in
T4319 10810-10821 NN denotes acquisition
T4320 10822-10824 IN denotes of
T4321 10825-10836 JJ denotes appropriate
T4322 10843-10856 NNS denotes relationships
T4323 10837-10838 NN denotes S
T4324 10838-10839 SYM denotes +
T4325 10839-10840 HYPH denotes /
T4326 10840-10841 NN denotes S
T4327 10841-10842 SYM denotes -
T4328 10857-10859 IN denotes in
T4329 10860-10867 NN denotes operant
T4330 10880-10888 NN denotes learning
T4331 10868-10879 JJ denotes associative
T4332 10888-10889 . denotes .
T4333 10889-11029 sentence denotes Several studies have demonstrated that both the acquisition [6,7] and expression [9] of associative learning are mediated by dopamine D1Rs.
T4334 10890-10897 JJ denotes Several
T4335 10898-10905 NNS denotes studies
T4336 10911-10923 VBN denotes demonstrated
T4337 10906-10910 VBP denotes have
T4338 10924-10928 IN denotes that
T4339 11003-11011 VBN denotes mediated
T4340 10929-10933 CC denotes both
T4341 10938-10949 NN denotes acquisition
T4342 10934-10937 DT denotes the
T4343 10950-10951 -LRB- denotes [
T4344 10953-10954 CD denotes 7
T4345 10951-10952 CD denotes 6
T4346 10952-10953 , denotes ,
T4347 10954-10955 -RRB- denotes ]
T4348 10956-10959 CC denotes and
T4349 10960-10970 NN denotes expression
T4350 10971-10972 -LRB- denotes [
T4351 10972-10973 CD denotes 9
T4352 10973-10974 -RRB- denotes ]
T4353 10975-10977 IN denotes of
T4354 10978-10989 JJ denotes associative
T4355 10990-10998 NN denotes learning
T4356 10999-11002 VBP denotes are
T4357 11012-11014 IN denotes by
T4358 11015-11023 NN denotes dopamine
T4359 11024-11028 NNS denotes D1Rs
T4360 11028-11029 . denotes .
T4361 11029-11159 sentence denotes Most literature reviews identify dopamine D1Rs with dopamine-mediated learning and D2Rs with motor related behaviors [e.g. [24]].
T4362 11030-11034 JJS denotes Most
T4363 11046-11053 NNS denotes reviews
T4364 11035-11045 NN denotes literature
T4365 11054-11062 VBP denotes identify
T4366 11063-11071 NN denotes dopamine
T4367 11072-11076 NNS denotes D1Rs
T4368 11077-11081 IN denotes with
T4369 11082-11090 NN denotes dopamine
T4370 11091-11099 VBN denotes mediated
T4371 11090-11091 HYPH denotes -
T4372 11100-11108 NN denotes learning
T4373 11109-11112 CC denotes and
T4374 11113-11117 NNS denotes D2Rs
T4375 11118-11122 IN denotes with
T4376 11123-11128 NN denotes motor
T4377 11129-11136 VBN denotes related
T4378 11137-11146 NNS denotes behaviors
T4379 11147-11148 -LRB- denotes [
T4380 11154-11156 CD denotes 24
T4381 11148-11152 FW denotes e.g.
T4382 11153-11154 -LRB- denotes [
T4383 11156-11157 -RRB- denotes ]
T4384 11157-11158 -RRB- denotes ]
T4385 11158-11159 . denotes .
T4386 11159-11335 sentence denotes Moreover, it has been reported that acute administration of the dopamine D2/3 antagonist, raclopride, actually improves acquisition of food-motivated associative learning [6].
T4387 11160-11168 RB denotes Moreover
T4388 11182-11190 VBN denotes reported
T4389 11168-11170 , denotes ,
T4390 11170-11172 PRP denotes it
T4391 11173-11176 VBZ denotes has
T4392 11177-11181 VBN denotes been
T4393 11191-11195 IN denotes that
T4394 11271-11279 VBZ denotes improves
T4395 11196-11201 JJ denotes acute
T4396 11202-11216 NN denotes administration
T4397 11217-11219 IN denotes of
T4398 11220-11223 DT denotes the
T4399 11238-11248 NN denotes antagonist
T4400 11224-11232 NN denotes dopamine
T4401 11233-11235 NN denotes D2
T4402 11235-11236 HYPH denotes /
T4403 11236-11237 CD denotes 3
T4404 11248-11250 , denotes ,
T4405 11250-11260 NN denotes raclopride
T4406 11260-11262 , denotes ,
T4407 11262-11270 RB denotes actually
T4408 11280-11291 NN denotes acquisition
T4409 11292-11294 IN denotes of
T4410 11295-11299 NN denotes food
T4411 11300-11309 VBN denotes motivated
T4412 11299-11300 HYPH denotes -
T4413 11322-11330 NN denotes learning
T4414 11310-11321 JJ denotes associative
T4415 11331-11332 -LRB- denotes [
T4416 11332-11333 CD denotes 6
T4417 11333-11334 -RRB- denotes ]
T4418 11334-11335 . denotes .
T4419 11335-11469 sentence denotes However, only acute administrations of antagonists were given, and learning was not measured during complete D1R or D2R blockade [6].
T4420 11336-11343 RB denotes However
T4421 11392-11397 VBN denotes given
T4422 11343-11345 , denotes ,
T4423 11345-11349 RB denotes only
T4424 11356-11371 NNS denotes administrations
T4425 11350-11355 JJ denotes acute
T4426 11372-11374 IN denotes of
T4427 11375-11386 NNS denotes antagonists
T4428 11387-11391 VBD denotes were
T4429 11397-11399 , denotes ,
T4430 11399-11402 CC denotes and
T4431 11403-11411 NN denotes learning
T4432 11420-11428 VBN denotes measured
T4433 11412-11415 VBD denotes was
T4434 11416-11419 RB denotes not
T4435 11429-11435 IN denotes during
T4436 11436-11444 JJ denotes complete
T4437 11456-11464 NN denotes blockade
T4438 11445-11448 NN denotes D1R
T4439 11449-11451 CC denotes or
T4440 11452-11455 NN denotes D2R
T4441 11465-11466 -LRB- denotes [
T4442 11466-11467 CD denotes 6
T4443 11467-11468 -RRB- denotes ]
T4444 11468-11469 . denotes .
T4445 11469-11804 sentence denotes Significantly, the reports cited above failed to address the technical limitations of the approach: i.e. that the antagonists used lack adequate subtype specificity and only partially blocked D2R-mediated signaling thus making it impossible to rigorously assess the role of D2R-mediated signaling in associative and reversal learning.
T4446 11470-11483 RB denotes Significantly
T4447 11509-11515 VBD denotes failed
T4448 11483-11485 , denotes ,
T4449 11485-11488 DT denotes the
T4450 11489-11496 NNS denotes reports
T4451 11497-11502 VBD denotes cited
T4452 11503-11508 RB denotes above
T4453 11516-11518 TO denotes to
T4454 11519-11526 VB denotes address
T4455 11527-11530 DT denotes the
T4456 11541-11552 NNS denotes limitations
T4457 11531-11540 JJ denotes technical
T4458 11553-11555 IN denotes of
T4459 11556-11559 DT denotes the
T4460 11560-11568 NN denotes approach
T4461 11568-11570 : denotes :
T4462 11570-11574 FW denotes i.e.
T4463 11601-11605 VBP denotes lack
T4464 11575-11579 IN denotes that
T4465 11580-11583 DT denotes the
T4466 11584-11595 NNS denotes antagonists
T4467 11596-11600 VBN denotes used
T4468 11606-11614 JJ denotes adequate
T4469 11623-11634 NN denotes specificity
T4470 11615-11622 NN denotes subtype
T4471 11635-11638 CC denotes and
T4472 11639-11643 RB denotes only
T4473 11644-11653 RB denotes partially
T4474 11654-11661 VBD denotes blocked
T4475 11662-11665 NN denotes D2R
T4476 11666-11674 VBN denotes mediated
T4477 11665-11666 HYPH denotes -
T4478 11675-11684 NN denotes signaling
T4479 11685-11689 RB denotes thus
T4480 11690-11696 VBG denotes making
T4481 11697-11699 PRP denotes it
T4482 11700-11710 JJ denotes impossible
T4483 11711-11713 TO denotes to
T4484 11725-11731 VB denotes assess
T4485 11714-11724 RB denotes rigorously
T4486 11732-11735 DT denotes the
T4487 11736-11740 NN denotes role
T4488 11741-11743 IN denotes of
T4489 11744-11747 NN denotes D2R
T4490 11748-11756 VBN denotes mediated
T4491 11747-11748 HYPH denotes -
T4492 11757-11766 NN denotes signaling
T4493 11767-11769 IN denotes in
T4494 11770-11781 JJ denotes associative
T4495 11795-11803 NN denotes learning
T4496 11782-11785 CC denotes and
T4497 11786-11794 NN denotes reversal
T4498 11803-11804 . denotes .
T4499 11804-11992 sentence denotes Additionally, none of these studies addressed the observation that the effects of D2R antagonists on locomotion and learning depend on whether exposure is chronic or acute [e.g. [15,16]].
T4500 11805-11817 RB denotes Additionally
T4501 11841-11850 VBD denotes addressed
T4502 11817-11819 , denotes ,
T4503 11819-11823 NN denotes none
T4504 11824-11826 IN denotes of
T4505 11827-11832 DT denotes these
T4506 11833-11840 NNS denotes studies
T4507 11851-11854 DT denotes the
T4508 11855-11866 NN denotes observation
T4509 11867-11871 IN denotes that
T4510 11930-11936 VBP denotes depend
T4511 11872-11875 DT denotes the
T4512 11876-11883 NNS denotes effects
T4513 11884-11886 IN denotes of
T4514 11887-11890 NN denotes D2R
T4515 11891-11902 NNS denotes antagonists
T4516 11903-11905 IN denotes on
T4517 11906-11916 NN denotes locomotion
T4518 11917-11920 CC denotes and
T4519 11921-11929 NN denotes learning
T4520 11937-11939 IN denotes on
T4521 11940-11947 IN denotes whether
T4522 11957-11959 VBZ denotes is
T4523 11948-11956 NN denotes exposure
T4524 11960-11967 JJ denotes chronic
T4525 11968-11970 CC denotes or
T4526 11971-11976 JJ denotes acute
T4527 11977-11978 -LRB- denotes [
T4528 11987-11989 CD denotes 16
T4529 11978-11982 FW denotes e.g.
T4530 11983-11984 -LRB- denotes [
T4531 11984-11986 CD denotes 15
T4532 11986-11987 , denotes ,
T4533 11989-11990 -RRB- denotes ]
T4534 11990-11991 -RRB- denotes ]
T4535 11991-11992 . denotes .
T4536 11992-12283 sentence denotes That D2R-mediated signaling orchestrates just motor components of learning is a conclusion that is potentially biased due to the practice of avoiding doses of drugs that induce catalepsy (and therefore measuring only partial blockade of dopamine D2Rs) and single administrations [e.g. [3]].
T4537 11993-11997 IN denotes That
T4538 12021-12033 VBZ denotes orchestrates
T4539 11998-12001 NN denotes D2R
T4540 12002-12010 VBN denotes mediated
T4541 12001-12002 HYPH denotes -
T4542 12011-12020 NN denotes signaling
T4543 12068-12070 VBZ denotes is
T4544 12034-12038 RB denotes just
T4545 12045-12055 NNS denotes components
T4547 12056-12058 IN denotes of
T4548 12059-12067 NN denotes learning
T4549 12071-12072 DT denotes a
T4550 12073-12083 NN denotes conclusion
T4551 12084-12088 WDT denotes that
T4552 12089-12091 VBZ denotes is
T4553 12092-12103 RB denotes potentially
T4554 12104-12110 VBN denotes biased
T4555 12111-12114 IN denotes due
T4556 12115-12117 IN denotes to
T4557 12118-12121 DT denotes the
T4558 12122-12130 NN denotes practice
T4559 12131-12133 IN denotes of
T4560 12134-12142 VBG denotes avoiding
T4561 12143-12148 NNS denotes doses
T4562 12149-12151 IN denotes of
T4563 12152-12157 NNS denotes drugs
T4564 12158-12162 WDT denotes that
T4565 12163-12169 VBP denotes induce
T4566 12170-12179 NN denotes catalepsy
T4567 12180-12181 -LRB- denotes (
T4568 12181-12184 CC denotes and
T4569 12185-12194 RB denotes therefore
T4570 12195-12204 VBG denotes measuring
T4571 12205-12209 RB denotes only
T4572 12218-12226 NN denotes blockade
T4573 12210-12217 JJ denotes partial
T4574 12227-12229 IN denotes of
T4575 12230-12238 NN denotes dopamine
T4576 12239-12243 NNS denotes D2Rs
T4577 12243-12244 -RRB- denotes )
T4578 12245-12248 CC denotes and
T4579 12249-12255 JJ denotes single
T4580 12256-12271 NNS denotes administrations
T4581 12272-12273 -LRB- denotes [
T4582 12279-12280 CD denotes 3
T4583 12273-12277 FW denotes e.g.
T4584 12278-12279 -LRB- denotes [
T4585 12280-12281 -RRB- denotes ]
T4586 12281-12282 -RRB- denotes ]
T4587 12282-12283 . denotes .
T4588 12283-12427 sentence denotes Quite possibly, the functional role of D2Rs in associative learning might be masked because of this concern about locomotor disruption [2,6,8].
T4589 12284-12289 RB denotes Quite
T4590 12290-12298 RB denotes possibly
T4591 12361-12367 VBN denotes masked
T4592 12298-12300 , denotes ,
T4593 12300-12303 DT denotes the
T4594 12315-12319 NN denotes role
T4595 12304-12314 JJ denotes functional
T4596 12320-12322 IN denotes of
T4597 12323-12327 NNS denotes D2Rs
T4598 12328-12330 IN denotes in
T4599 12331-12342 JJ denotes associative
T4600 12343-12351 NN denotes learning
T4601 12352-12357 MD denotes might
T4602 12358-12360 VB denotes be
T4603 12368-12375 RB denotes because
T4604 12376-12378 IN denotes of
T4605 12379-12383 DT denotes this
T4606 12384-12391 NN denotes concern
T4607 12392-12397 IN denotes about
T4608 12398-12407 NN denotes locomotor
T4609 12408-12418 NN denotes disruption
T4610 12419-12420 -LRB- denotes [
T4611 12424-12425 CD denotes 8
T4612 12420-12421 CD denotes 2
T4613 12421-12422 , denotes ,
T4614 12422-12423 CD denotes 6
T4615 12423-12424 , denotes ,
T4616 12425-12426 -RRB- denotes ]
T4617 12426-12427 . denotes .
T4618 12427-12595 sentence denotes Doses of raclopride as low as 0.5 mg/kg significantly disrupt motor behavior [25], although this peripheral dose is consistently used in learning paradigms [e.g. [6]].
T4619 12428-12433 NNS denotes Doses
T4620 12482-12489 VBP denotes disrupt
T4621 12434-12436 IN denotes of
T4622 12437-12447 NN denotes raclopride
T4623 12448-12450 RB denotes as
T4624 12458-12461 CD denotes 0.5
T4625 12451-12454 JJ denotes low
T4626 12455-12457 IN denotes as
T4627 12462-12464 NNS denotes mg
T4628 12464-12465 SYM denotes /
T4629 12465-12467 NN denotes kg
T4630 12468-12481 RB denotes significantly
T4631 12490-12495 JJ denotes motor
T4632 12496-12504 NN denotes behavior
T4633 12505-12506 -LRB- denotes [
T4634 12506-12508 CD denotes 25
T4635 12508-12509 -RRB- denotes ]
T4636 12509-12511 , denotes ,
T4637 12511-12519 IN denotes although
T4638 12557-12561 VBN denotes used
T4639 12520-12524 DT denotes this
T4640 12536-12540 NN denotes dose
T4641 12525-12535 JJ denotes peripheral
T4642 12541-12543 VBZ denotes is
T4643 12544-12556 RB denotes consistently
T4644 12562-12564 IN denotes in
T4645 12565-12573 VBG denotes learning
T4646 12574-12583 NNS denotes paradigms
T4647 12584-12585 -LRB- denotes [
T4648 12591-12592 CD denotes 6
T4649 12585-12589 FW denotes e.g.
T4650 12590-12591 -LRB- denotes [
T4651 12592-12593 -RRB- denotes ]
T4652 12593-12594 -RRB- denotes ]
T4653 12594-12595 . denotes .
T4654 12595-12709 sentence denotes One might then ask: "How then could the role of D2Rs in associative learning be dissociated from motor behavior?"
T4655 12596-12599 PRP denotes One
T4656 12611-12614 VB denotes ask
T4657 12600-12605 MD denotes might
T4658 12606-12610 RB denotes then
T4659 12614-12616 : denotes :
T4660 12616-12617 `` denotes "
T4661 12617-12620 WRB denotes How
T4662 12676-12687 VBN denotes dissociated
T4663 12621-12625 RB denotes then
T4664 12626-12631 MD denotes could
T4665 12632-12635 DT denotes the
T4666 12636-12640 NN denotes role
T4667 12641-12643 IN denotes of
T4668 12644-12648 NNS denotes D2Rs
T4669 12649-12651 IN denotes in
T4670 12652-12663 JJ denotes associative
T4671 12664-12672 NN denotes learning
T4672 12673-12675 VB denotes be
T4673 12688-12692 IN denotes from
T4674 12693-12698 JJ denotes motor
T4675 12699-12707 NN denotes behavior
T4676 12707-12708 . denotes ?
T4677 12708-12709 '' denotes "
T4678 12709-12914 sentence denotes Seminal experiments [26-28] have clearly demonstrated that repeated administration of catalepsy-inducing doses of D2R antagonists in rodents actually leads to a striking behavioral tolerance to catalepsy.
T4679 12710-12717 JJ denotes Seminal
T4680 12718-12729 NNS denotes experiments
T4681 12751-12763 VBN denotes demonstrated
T4682 12730-12731 -LRB- denotes [
T4683 12731-12733 CD denotes 26
T4684 12733-12734 SYM denotes -
T4685 12734-12736 CD denotes 28
T4686 12736-12737 -RRB- denotes ]
T4687 12738-12742 VBP denotes have
T4688 12743-12750 RB denotes clearly
T4689 12764-12768 IN denotes that
T4690 12860-12865 VBZ denotes leads
T4691 12769-12777 JJ denotes repeated
T4692 12778-12792 NN denotes administration
T4693 12793-12795 IN denotes of
T4694 12796-12805 NN denotes catalepsy
T4695 12806-12814 VBG denotes inducing
T4696 12805-12806 HYPH denotes -
T4697 12815-12820 NNS denotes doses
T4698 12821-12823 IN denotes of
T4699 12824-12827 NN denotes D2R
T4700 12828-12839 NNS denotes antagonists
T4701 12840-12842 IN denotes in
T4702 12843-12850 NNS denotes rodents
T4703 12851-12859 RB denotes actually
T4704 12866-12868 IN denotes to
T4705 12869-12870 DT denotes a
T4706 12891-12900 NN denotes tolerance
T4707 12871-12879 JJ denotes striking
T4708 12880-12890 JJ denotes behavioral
T4709 12901-12903 IN denotes to
T4710 12904-12913 NN denotes catalepsy
T4711 12913-12914 . denotes .
T4712 12914-12990 sentence denotes These doses have been shown to occupy well over 80% of available D2Rs [29].
T4713 12915-12920 DT denotes These
T4714 12921-12926 NNS denotes doses
T4715 12937-12942 VBN denotes shown
T4716 12927-12931 VBP denotes have
T4717 12932-12936 VBN denotes been
T4718 12943-12945 TO denotes to
T4719 12946-12952 VB denotes occupy
T4720 12953-12957 RB denotes well
T4721 12963-12965 CD denotes 80
T4722 12958-12962 IN denotes over
T4723 12965-12966 NN denotes %
T4724 12967-12969 IN denotes of
T4725 12970-12979 JJ denotes available
T4726 12980-12984 NNS denotes D2Rs
T4727 12985-12986 -LRB- denotes [
T4728 12986-12988 CD denotes 29
T4729 12988-12989 -RRB- denotes ]
T4730 12989-12990 . denotes .
T4731 12990-13238 sentence denotes Future experiments measuring acquisition of associative learning in rodents that received chronic administration of D2R antagonists and demonstrated behavioral tolerance to their motor disrupting effects would be a logical test of this hypothesis.
T4732 12991-12997 JJ denotes Future
T4733 12998-13009 NNS denotes experiments
T4734 13201-13203 VB denotes be
T4735 13010-13019 VBG denotes measuring
T4736 13020-13031 NN denotes acquisition
T4737 13032-13034 IN denotes of
T4738 13035-13046 JJ denotes associative
T4739 13047-13055 NN denotes learning
T4740 13056-13058 IN denotes in
T4741 13059-13066 NNS denotes rodents
T4742 13067-13071 WDT denotes that
T4743 13072-13080 VBD denotes received
T4744 13081-13088 JJ denotes chronic
T4745 13089-13103 NN denotes administration
T4746 13104-13106 IN denotes of
T4747 13107-13110 NN denotes D2R
T4748 13111-13122 NNS denotes antagonists
T4749 13123-13126 CC denotes and
T4750 13127-13139 VBD denotes demonstrated
T4751 13140-13150 JJ denotes behavioral
T4752 13151-13160 NN denotes tolerance
T4753 13161-13163 IN denotes to
T4754 13164-13169 PRP$ denotes their
T4755 13187-13194 NNS denotes effects
T4756 13170-13175 NN denotes motor
T4757 13176-13186 VBG denotes disrupting
T4758 13195-13200 MD denotes would
T4759 13204-13205 DT denotes a
T4760 13214-13218 NN denotes test
T4761 13206-13213 JJ denotes logical
T4762 13219-13221 IN denotes of
T4763 13222-13226 DT denotes this
T4764 13227-13237 NN denotes hypothesis
T4765 13237-13238 . denotes .
T4766 13238-13447 sentence denotes However, the realization that multiple dopamine receptor subtypes would be concurrently targeted with the presently commercially available antagonists, such as D2Rs, D3Rs, and D4Rs would have to be rectified.
T4767 13239-13246 RB denotes However
T4768 13426-13430 VB denotes have
T4769 13246-13248 , denotes ,
T4770 13248-13251 DT denotes the
T4771 13252-13263 NN denotes realization
T4772 13264-13268 IN denotes that
T4773 13327-13335 VBN denotes targeted
T4774 13269-13277 JJ denotes multiple
T4775 13296-13304 NNS denotes subtypes
T4776 13278-13286 NN denotes dopamine
T4777 13287-13295 NN denotes receptor
T4778 13305-13310 MD denotes would
T4779 13311-13313 VB denotes be
T4780 13314-13326 RB denotes concurrently
T4781 13336-13340 IN denotes with
T4782 13341-13344 DT denotes the
T4783 13378-13389 NNS denotes antagonists
T4784 13345-13354 RB denotes presently
T4785 13368-13377 JJ denotes available
T4786 13355-13367 RB denotes commercially
T4787 13389-13391 , denotes ,
T4788 13391-13395 JJ denotes such
T4789 13396-13398 IN denotes as
T4790 13399-13403 NNS denotes D2Rs
T4791 13403-13405 , denotes ,
T4792 13405-13409 NNS denotes D3Rs
T4793 13409-13411 , denotes ,
T4794 13411-13414 CC denotes and
T4795 13415-13419 NNS denotes D4Rs
T4796 13420-13425 MD denotes would
T4797 13431-13433 TO denotes to
T4798 13437-13446 VBN denotes rectified
T4799 13434-13436 VB denotes be
T4800 13446-13447 . denotes .
T4801 13447-13661 sentence denotes We would argue that the most parsimonious approach at this time is to utilize mice that have been genetically altered such that they are lacking one or both functional alleles of the specific receptor of interest.
T4802 13448-13450 PRP denotes We
T4803 13457-13462 VB denotes argue
T4804 13451-13456 MD denotes would
T4805 13463-13467 IN denotes that
T4806 13512-13514 VBZ denotes is
T4807 13468-13471 DT denotes the
T4808 13490-13498 NN denotes approach
T4809 13472-13476 RBS denotes most
T4810 13477-13489 JJ denotes parsimonious
T4811 13499-13501 IN denotes at
T4812 13502-13506 DT denotes this
T4813 13507-13511 NN denotes time
T4814 13515-13517 TO denotes to
T4815 13518-13525 VB denotes utilize
T4816 13526-13530 NNS denotes mice
T4817 13531-13535 WDT denotes that
T4818 13558-13565 VBN denotes altered
T4819 13536-13540 VBP denotes have
T4820 13541-13545 VBN denotes been
T4821 13546-13557 RB denotes genetically
T4822 13566-13570 JJ denotes such
T4823 13585-13592 VBG denotes lacking
T4824 13571-13575 IN denotes that
T4825 13576-13580 PRP denotes they
T4826 13581-13584 VBP denotes are
T4827 13593-13596 CD denotes one
T4828 13616-13623 NNS denotes alleles
T4829 13597-13599 CC denotes or
T4830 13600-13604 DT denotes both
T4831 13605-13615 JJ denotes functional
T4832 13624-13626 IN denotes of
T4833 13627-13630 DT denotes the
T4834 13640-13648 NN denotes receptor
T4835 13631-13639 JJ denotes specific
T4836 13649-13651 IN denotes of
T4837 13652-13660 NN denotes interest
T4838 13660-13661 . denotes .
T4839 13661-14213 sentence denotes While they do have their limitations (e.g. developmental compensation and strain effects in mouse lines not backcrossed adequately to a parental strain for a minimum of 10 generations), use of our inbred (N20 generation) animals in the present study (where no differences in locomotor behavior were detected between D2R-/- and D2R+/+ mice; Figs. 1 &2) revealed a previously unappreciated role of D2R-mediated signaling in associative learning and attention that could not be measured with the currently available, acutely administered D2R antagonists.
T4840 13662-13667 IN denotes While
T4841 13676-13680 VB denotes have
T4842 13668-13672 PRP denotes they
T4843 13673-13675 VBP denotes do
T4844 14014-14022 VBD denotes revealed
T4845 13681-13686 PRP$ denotes their
T4846 13687-13698 NNS denotes limitations
T4847 13699-13700 -LRB- denotes (
T4848 13719-13731 NN denotes compensation
T4849 13700-13704 FW denotes e.g.
T4850 13705-13718 JJ denotes developmental
T4851 13732-13735 CC denotes and
T4852 13736-13742 NN denotes strain
T4853 13743-13750 NNS denotes effects
T4854 13751-13753 IN denotes in
T4855 13754-13759 NN denotes mouse
T4856 13760-13765 NNS denotes lines
T4857 13766-13769 RB denotes not
T4858 13770-13781 VBN denotes backcrossed
T4859 13782-13792 RB denotes adequately
T4860 13793-13795 IN denotes to
T4861 13796-13797 DT denotes a
T4862 13807-13813 NN denotes strain
T4863 13798-13806 JJ denotes parental
T4864 13814-13817 IN denotes for
T4865 13818-13819 DT denotes a
T4866 13820-13827 NN denotes minimum
T4867 13828-13830 IN denotes of
T4868 13831-13833 CD denotes 10
T4869 13834-13845 NNS denotes generations
T4870 13845-13846 -RRB- denotes )
T4871 13846-13848 , denotes ,
T4872 13848-13851 NN denotes use
T4873 13852-13854 IN denotes of
T4874 13855-13858 PRP$ denotes our
T4875 13883-13890 NNS denotes animals
T4876 13859-13865 JJ denotes inbred
T4877 13866-13867 -LRB- denotes (
T4878 13871-13881 NN denotes generation
T4879 13867-13870 NN denotes N20
T4880 13881-13882 -RRB- denotes )
T4881 13891-13893 IN denotes in
T4882 13894-13897 DT denotes the
T4883 13906-13911 NN denotes study
T4884 13898-13905 JJ denotes present
T4885 13912-13913 -LRB- denotes (
T4886 13913-13918 WRB denotes where
T4887 13961-13969 VBN denotes detected
T4888 13919-13921 DT denotes no
T4889 13922-13933 NNS denotes differences
T4890 13934-13936 IN denotes in
T4891 13937-13946 NN denotes locomotor
T4892 13947-13955 NN denotes behavior
T4893 13956-13960 VBD denotes were
T4894 13970-13977 IN denotes between
T4895 13978-13981 NN denotes D2R
T4896 13996-14000 NNS denotes mice
T4897 13981-13982 SYM denotes -
T4898 13982-13983 HYPH denotes /
T4899 13983-13984 SYM denotes -
T4900 13985-13988 CC denotes and
T4901 13989-13992 NN denotes D2R
T4902 13992-13993 SYM denotes +
T4903 13993-13994 HYPH denotes /
T4904 13994-13995 SYM denotes +
T4905 14000-14001 : denotes ;
T4906 14002-14007 NNS denotes Figs.
T4907 14008-14009 CD denotes 1
T4908 14010-14011 CC denotes &
T4909 14011-14012 CD denotes 2
T4910 14012-14013 -RRB- denotes )
T4911 14023-14024 DT denotes a
T4912 14050-14054 NN denotes role
T4913 14025-14035 RB denotes previously
T4914 14036-14049 JJ denotes unappreciated
T4915 14055-14057 IN denotes of
T4916 14058-14061 NN denotes D2R
T4917 14062-14070 VBN denotes mediated
T4918 14061-14062 HYPH denotes -
T4919 14071-14080 NN denotes signaling
T4920 14081-14083 IN denotes in
T4921 14084-14095 JJ denotes associative
T4922 14096-14104 NN denotes learning
T4923 14105-14108 CC denotes and
T4924 14109-14118 NN denotes attention
T4925 14119-14123 WDT denotes that
T4926 14137-14145 VBN denotes measured
T4927 14124-14129 MD denotes could
T4928 14130-14133 RB denotes not
T4929 14134-14136 VB denotes be
T4930 14146-14150 IN denotes with
T4931 14151-14154 DT denotes the
T4932 14201-14212 NNS denotes antagonists
T4933 14155-14164 RB denotes currently
T4934 14165-14174 JJ denotes available
T4935 14174-14176 , denotes ,
T4936 14176-14183 RB denotes acutely
T4937 14184-14196 VBN denotes administered
T4938 14197-14200 NN denotes D2R
T4939 14212-14213 . denotes .
T4940 14213-14373 sentence denotes A cursory analysis of our data might suggest to some that the genetic manipulation of the drd2 locus conferred a gross olfactory impairment to the D2R-/- mice.
T4941 14214-14215 DT denotes A
T4942 14224-14232 NN denotes analysis
T4943 14216-14223 JJ denotes cursory
T4944 14251-14258 VB denotes suggest
T4945 14233-14235 IN denotes of
T4946 14236-14239 PRP$ denotes our
T4947 14240-14244 NNS denotes data
T4948 14245-14250 MD denotes might
T4949 14259-14261 IN denotes to
T4950 14262-14266 DT denotes some
T4951 14267-14271 IN denotes that
T4952 14315-14324 VBD denotes conferred
T4953 14272-14275 DT denotes the
T4954 14284-14296 NN denotes manipulation
T4955 14276-14283 JJ denotes genetic
T4956 14297-14299 IN denotes of
T4957 14300-14303 DT denotes the
T4958 14309-14314 NN denotes locus
T4959 14304-14308 NN denotes drd2
T4960 14325-14326 DT denotes a
T4961 14343-14353 NN denotes impairment
T4962 14327-14332 JJ denotes gross
T4963 14333-14342 JJ denotes olfactory
T4964 14354-14356 IN denotes to
T4965 14357-14360 DT denotes the
T4966 14368-14372 NNS denotes mice
T4967 14361-14364 NN denotes D2R
T4968 14364-14365 SYM denotes -
T4969 14365-14366 HYPH denotes /
T4970 14366-14367 SYM denotes -
T4971 14372-14373 . denotes .
T4972 14373-14550 sentence denotes Rather, we argue that this is not likely because the D2R-/- mice did learn to retrieve the food pellets from the dishes and eventually learned to accurately discriminate odors.
T4973 14374-14380 RB denotes Rather
T4974 14385-14390 VBP denotes argue
T4975 14380-14382 , denotes ,
T4976 14382-14384 PRP denotes we
T4977 14391-14395 IN denotes that
T4978 14401-14403 VBZ denotes is
T4979 14396-14400 DT denotes this
T4980 14404-14407 RB denotes not
T4981 14408-14414 JJ denotes likely
T4982 14415-14422 IN denotes because
T4983 14443-14448 VB denotes learn
T4984 14423-14426 DT denotes the
T4985 14434-14438 NNS denotes mice
T4986 14427-14430 NN denotes D2R
T4987 14430-14431 SYM denotes -
T4988 14431-14432 HYPH denotes /
T4989 14432-14433 SYM denotes -
T4990 14439-14442 VBD denotes did
T4991 14449-14451 TO denotes to
T4992 14452-14460 VB denotes retrieve
T4993 14461-14464 DT denotes the
T4994 14470-14477 NNS denotes pellets
T4995 14465-14469 NN denotes food
T4996 14478-14482 IN denotes from
T4997 14483-14486 DT denotes the
T4998 14487-14493 NNS denotes dishes
T4999 14494-14497 CC denotes and
T5000 14498-14508 RB denotes eventually
T5001 14509-14516 VBD denotes learned
T5002 14517-14519 TO denotes to
T5003 14531-14543 VB denotes discriminate
T5004 14520-14530 RB denotes accurately
T5005 14544-14549 NNS denotes odors
T5006 14549-14550 . denotes .
T5007 14550-14782 sentence denotes Recent electrophysiological data demonstrate that dopamine D2R's are located on glutamatergic terminal axons of olfactory nerves and depress excitatory input of the olfactory nerve to the mitral cells of the olfactory bulb [30,31].
T5008 14551-14557 JJ denotes Recent
T5009 14579-14583 NNS denotes data
T5010 14558-14578 JJ denotes electrophysiological
T5011 14584-14595 VBP denotes demonstrate
T5012 14596-14600 IN denotes that
T5013 14620-14627 VBN denotes located
T5014 14601-14609 NN denotes dopamine
T5015 14610-14615 NNS denotes D2R's
T5016 14616-14619 VBP denotes are
T5017 14628-14630 IN denotes on
T5018 14631-14644 JJ denotes glutamatergic
T5019 14654-14659 NNS denotes axons
T5020 14645-14653 JJ denotes terminal
T5021 14660-14662 IN denotes of
T5022 14663-14672 JJ denotes olfactory
T5023 14673-14679 NNS denotes nerves
T5024 14680-14683 CC denotes and
T5025 14684-14691 VB denotes depress
T5026 14692-14702 JJ denotes excitatory
T5027 14703-14708 NN denotes input
T5028 14709-14711 IN denotes of
T5029 14712-14715 DT denotes the
T5030 14726-14731 NN denotes nerve
T5031 14716-14725 JJ denotes olfactory
T5032 14732-14734 IN denotes to
T5033 14735-14738 DT denotes the
T5034 14746-14751 NNS denotes cells
T5035 14739-14745 JJ denotes mitral
T5036 14752-14754 IN denotes of
T5037 14755-14758 DT denotes the
T5038 14769-14773 NN denotes bulb
T5039 14759-14768 JJ denotes olfactory
T5040 14774-14775 -LRB- denotes [
T5041 14778-14780 CD denotes 31
T5042 14775-14777 CD denotes 30
T5043 14777-14778 , denotes ,
T5044 14780-14781 -RRB- denotes ]
T5045 14781-14782 . denotes .
T5046 14782-15106 sentence denotes Consequently, our data, and data from other studies, suggest that the complete lack of D2Rs in the olfactory bulb does not prevent transduction of olfactory stimuli; rather it affects the ability to habituate, or tune, olfactory nerve activity associated with repeatedly encountered concentrations of chemical stimuli [32].
T5047 14783-14795 RB denotes Consequently
T5048 14836-14843 VBP denotes suggest
T5049 14795-14797 , denotes ,
T5050 14797-14800 PRP$ denotes our
T5051 14801-14805 NNS denotes data
T5052 14805-14807 , denotes ,
T5053 14807-14810 CC denotes and
T5054 14811-14815 NNS denotes data
T5055 14816-14820 IN denotes from
T5056 14821-14826 JJ denotes other
T5057 14827-14834 NNS denotes studies
T5058 14834-14836 , denotes ,
T5059 14959-14966 VBZ denotes affects
T5060 14844-14848 IN denotes that
T5061 14906-14913 VB denotes prevent
T5062 14849-14852 DT denotes the
T5063 14862-14866 NN denotes lack
T5064 14853-14861 JJ denotes complete
T5065 14867-14869 IN denotes of
T5066 14870-14874 NNS denotes D2Rs
T5067 14875-14877 IN denotes in
T5068 14878-14881 DT denotes the
T5069 14892-14896 NN denotes bulb
T5070 14882-14891 JJ denotes olfactory
T5071 14897-14901 VBZ denotes does
T5072 14902-14905 RB denotes not
T5073 14914-14926 NN denotes transduction
T5074 14927-14929 IN denotes of
T5075 14930-14939 JJ denotes olfactory
T5076 14940-14947 NNS denotes stimuli
T5077 14947-14948 : denotes ;
T5078 14949-14955 RB denotes rather
T5079 14956-14958 PRP denotes it
T5080 14967-14970 DT denotes the
T5081 14971-14978 NN denotes ability
T5082 14979-14981 TO denotes to
T5083 14982-14991 VB denotes habituate
T5084 14991-14993 , denotes ,
T5085 14993-14995 CC denotes or
T5086 14996-15000 VB denotes tune
T5087 15000-15002 , denotes ,
T5088 15002-15011 JJ denotes olfactory
T5089 15012-15017 NN denotes nerve
T5090 15018-15026 NN denotes activity
T5091 15027-15037 VBN denotes associated
T5092 15038-15042 IN denotes with
T5093 15043-15053 RB denotes repeatedly
T5094 15054-15065 VBN denotes encountered
T5095 15066-15080 NNS denotes concentrations
T5096 15081-15083 IN denotes of
T5097 15084-15092 JJ denotes chemical
T5098 15093-15100 NNS denotes stimuli
T5099 15101-15102 -LRB- denotes [
T5100 15102-15104 CD denotes 32
T5101 15104-15105 -RRB- denotes ]
T5102 15105-15106 . denotes .
T5103 15106-15271 sentence denotes The performance of D2R-/- mice during reversal learning is deficient revealing a role for dopamine D2R-mediated signaling in tasks requiring behavioral flexibility
T5104 15108-15111 DT denotes The
T5105 15112-15123 NN denotes performance
T5106 15164-15166 VBZ denotes is
T5107 15124-15126 IN denotes of
T5108 15127-15130 NN denotes D2R
T5109 15134-15138 NNS denotes mice
T5110 15130-15131 SYM denotes -
T5111 15131-15132 HYPH denotes /
T5112 15132-15133 SYM denotes -
T5113 15139-15145 IN denotes during
T5114 15146-15154 NN denotes reversal
T5115 15155-15163 NN denotes learning
T5116 15167-15176 JJ denotes deficient
T5117 15177-15186 VBG denotes revealing
T5118 15187-15188 DT denotes a
T5119 15189-15193 NN denotes role
T5120 15194-15197 IN denotes for
T5121 15198-15206 NN denotes dopamine
T5122 15207-15210 NN denotes D2R
T5123 15211-15219 VBN denotes mediated
T5124 15210-15211 HYPH denotes -
T5125 15220-15229 NN denotes signaling
T5126 15230-15232 IN denotes in
T5127 15233-15238 NNS denotes tasks
T5128 15239-15248 VBG denotes requiring
T5129 15249-15259 JJ denotes behavioral
T5130 15260-15271 NN denotes flexibility
T5131 15271-15506 sentence denotes Perseverative behavioral patterns characterized the D2R-/- mice relative to D2R+/+ mice during reversal learning sessions (Figure 4), manifested during early reversal trials (Figure 6) and persisted across several sessions (Figure 7).
T5132 15272-15285 JJ denotes Perseverative
T5133 15297-15305 NNS denotes patterns
T5134 15286-15296 JJ denotes behavioral
T5135 15306-15319 VBD denotes characterized
T5136 15320-15323 DT denotes the
T5137 15331-15335 NNS denotes mice
T5138 15324-15327 NN denotes D2R
T5139 15327-15328 SYM denotes -
T5140 15328-15329 HYPH denotes /
T5141 15329-15330 SYM denotes -
T5142 15336-15344 JJ denotes relative
T5143 15345-15347 IN denotes to
T5144 15348-15351 NN denotes D2R
T5145 15355-15359 NNS denotes mice
T5146 15351-15352 SYM denotes +
T5147 15352-15353 HYPH denotes /
T5148 15353-15354 SYM denotes +
T5149 15360-15366 IN denotes during
T5150 15367-15375 NN denotes reversal
T5151 15385-15393 NNS denotes sessions
T5152 15376-15384 NN denotes learning
T5153 15394-15395 -LRB- denotes (
T5154 15395-15401 NN denotes Figure
T5155 15402-15403 CD denotes 4
T5156 15403-15404 -RRB- denotes )
T5157 15404-15406 , denotes ,
T5158 15406-15416 VBD denotes manifested
T5159 15417-15423 IN denotes during
T5160 15424-15429 JJ denotes early
T5161 15439-15445 NNS denotes trials
T5162 15430-15438 NN denotes reversal
T5163 15446-15447 -LRB- denotes (
T5164 15447-15453 NN denotes Figure
T5165 15454-15455 CD denotes 6
T5166 15455-15456 -RRB- denotes )
T5167 15457-15460 CC denotes and
T5168 15461-15470 VBD denotes persisted
T5169 15471-15477 IN denotes across
T5170 15478-15485 JJ denotes several
T5171 15486-15494 NNS denotes sessions
T5172 15495-15496 -LRB- denotes (
T5173 15496-15502 NN denotes Figure
T5174 15503-15504 CD denotes 7
T5175 15504-15505 -RRB- denotes )
T5176 15505-15506 . denotes .
T5177 15506-15812 sentence denotes These findings are significant because D2R-/- mice respond to food reinforcers and ultimately form and maintain odor-driven S+/S- relationships (a putative D1R-mediated behavior [6]) just as D2R+/+ mice (both groups achieved ≥ 80% discrimination accuracy, the dopamine D1Rs in our mice were not targeted).
T5178 15507-15512 DT denotes These
T5179 15513-15521 NNS denotes findings
T5180 15522-15525 VBP denotes are
T5181 15526-15537 JJ denotes significant
T5182 15538-15545 IN denotes because
T5183 15558-15565 VBP denotes respond
T5184 15546-15549 NN denotes D2R
T5185 15553-15557 NNS denotes mice
T5186 15549-15550 SYM denotes -
T5187 15550-15551 HYPH denotes /
T5188 15551-15552 SYM denotes -
T5189 15566-15568 IN denotes to
T5190 15569-15573 NN denotes food
T5191 15574-15585 NNS denotes reinforcers
T5192 15586-15589 CC denotes and
T5193 15590-15600 RB denotes ultimately
T5194 15601-15605 VBP denotes form
T5195 15606-15609 CC denotes and
T5196 15610-15618 VBP denotes maintain
T5197 15619-15623 NN denotes odor
T5198 15624-15630 VBN denotes driven
T5199 15623-15624 HYPH denotes -
T5200 15637-15650 NNS denotes relationships
T5201 15631-15632 NN denotes S
T5202 15632-15633 SYM denotes +
T5203 15633-15634 HYPH denotes /
T5204 15634-15635 NN denotes S
T5205 15635-15636 SYM denotes -
T5206 15651-15652 -LRB- denotes (
T5207 15676-15684 NN denotes behavior
T5208 15652-15653 DT denotes a
T5209 15654-15662 JJ denotes putative
T5210 15663-15666 NN denotes D1R
T5211 15667-15675 VBN denotes mediated
T5212 15666-15667 HYPH denotes -
T5213 15685-15686 -LRB- denotes [
T5214 15686-15687 CD denotes 6
T5215 15687-15688 -RRB- denotes ]
T5216 15688-15689 -RRB- denotes )
T5217 15690-15694 RB denotes just
T5218 15695-15697 IN denotes as
T5219 15698-15701 NN denotes D2R
T5220 15705-15709 NNS denotes mice
T5221 15701-15702 SYM denotes +
T5222 15702-15703 HYPH denotes /
T5223 15703-15704 SYM denotes +
T5224 15710-15711 -LRB- denotes (
T5225 15802-15810 VBN denotes targeted
T5226 15711-15715 DT denotes both
T5227 15716-15722 NNS denotes groups
T5228 15723-15731 VBD denotes achieved
T5229 15732-15733 SYM denotes ≥
T5230 15734-15736 CD denotes 80
T5231 15736-15737 NN denotes %
T5232 15753-15761 NN denotes accuracy
T5233 15738-15752 NN denotes discrimination
T5234 15761-15763 , denotes ,
T5235 15763-15766 DT denotes the
T5236 15776-15780 NNS denotes D1Rs
T5237 15767-15775 NN denotes dopamine
T5238 15781-15783 IN denotes in
T5239 15784-15787 PRP$ denotes our
T5240 15788-15792 NNS denotes mice
T5241 15793-15797 VBD denotes were
T5242 15798-15801 RB denotes not
T5243 15810-15811 -RRB- denotes )
T5244 15811-15812 . denotes .
T5245 15812-16012 sentence denotes A future extension of this study would be to test performance over a fixed number of trials and determine patterns of error rates during acquisition of the discrimination and reversal learning tasks.
T5246 15813-15814 DT denotes A
T5247 15822-15831 NN denotes extension
T5248 15815-15821 JJ denotes future
T5249 15852-15854 VB denotes be
T5250 15832-15834 IN denotes of
T5251 15835-15839 DT denotes this
T5252 15840-15845 NN denotes study
T5253 15846-15851 MD denotes would
T5254 15855-15857 TO denotes to
T5255 15858-15862 VB denotes test
T5256 15863-15874 NN denotes performance
T5257 15875-15879 IN denotes over
T5258 15880-15881 DT denotes a
T5259 15888-15894 NN denotes number
T5260 15882-15887 VBN denotes fixed
T5261 15895-15897 IN denotes of
T5262 15898-15904 NNS denotes trials
T5263 15905-15908 CC denotes and
T5264 15909-15918 VB denotes determine
T5265 15919-15927 NNS denotes patterns
T5266 15928-15930 IN denotes of
T5267 15931-15936 NN denotes error
T5268 15937-15942 NNS denotes rates
T5269 15943-15949 IN denotes during
T5270 15950-15961 NN denotes acquisition
T5271 15962-15964 IN denotes of
T5272 15965-15968 DT denotes the
T5273 16006-16011 NNS denotes tasks
T5274 15969-15983 NN denotes discrimination
T5275 15984-15987 CC denotes and
T5276 15988-15996 NN denotes reversal
T5277 15997-16005 NN denotes learning
T5278 16011-16012 . denotes .
T5279 16012-16267 sentence denotes This manipulation would control the number of errors based on trials performed to determine if the apparent difference in absolute number of errors demonstrated by the mutant mice (the putative performance deficit) is simply a reflection of extra trials.
T5280 16013-16017 DT denotes This
T5281 16018-16030 NN denotes manipulation
T5282 16037-16044 VB denotes control
T5283 16031-16036 MD denotes would
T5284 16045-16048 DT denotes the
T5285 16049-16055 NN denotes number
T5286 16056-16058 IN denotes of
T5287 16059-16065 NNS denotes errors
T5288 16066-16071 VBN denotes based
T5289 16072-16074 IN denotes on
T5290 16075-16081 NNS denotes trials
T5291 16082-16091 VBN denotes performed
T5292 16092-16094 TO denotes to
T5293 16095-16104 VB denotes determine
T5294 16105-16107 IN denotes if
T5295 16228-16230 VBZ denotes is
T5296 16108-16111 DT denotes the
T5297 16121-16131 NN denotes difference
T5298 16112-16120 JJ denotes apparent
T5299 16132-16134 IN denotes in
T5300 16135-16143 JJ denotes absolute
T5301 16144-16150 NN denotes number
T5302 16151-16153 IN denotes of
T5303 16154-16160 NNS denotes errors
T5304 16161-16173 VBN denotes demonstrated
T5305 16174-16176 IN denotes by
T5306 16177-16180 DT denotes the
T5307 16188-16192 NNS denotes mice
T5308 16181-16187 JJ denotes mutant
T5309 16193-16194 -LRB- denotes (
T5310 16219-16226 NN denotes deficit
T5311 16194-16197 DT denotes the
T5312 16198-16206 JJ denotes putative
T5313 16207-16218 NN denotes performance
T5314 16226-16227 -RRB- denotes )
T5315 16231-16237 RB denotes simply
T5316 16240-16250 NN denotes reflection
T5317 16238-16239 DT denotes a
T5318 16251-16253 IN denotes of
T5319 16254-16259 JJ denotes extra
T5320 16260-16266 NNS denotes trials
T5321 16266-16267 . denotes .
T5322 16267-16631 sentence denotes Nonetheless, the inability of D2R-/- mice to disengage from previously established S+/S- contingencies (responding to a discriminative stimulus; Fig. 4) strongly argues that mesolimbic dopamine, and in particular dopamine D2R-mediated signaling, modulates the process of alerting the subject that familiar contingencies are now associated unexpected consequences.
T5323 16268-16279 RB denotes Nonetheless
T5324 16430-16436 VBZ denotes argues
T5325 16279-16281 , denotes ,
T5326 16281-16284 DT denotes the
T5327 16285-16294 NN denotes inability
T5328 16295-16297 IN denotes of
T5329 16298-16301 NN denotes D2R
T5330 16305-16309 NNS denotes mice
T5331 16301-16302 SYM denotes -
T5332 16302-16303 HYPH denotes /
T5333 16303-16304 SYM denotes -
T5334 16310-16312 TO denotes to
T5335 16313-16322 VB denotes disengage
T5336 16323-16327 IN denotes from
T5337 16328-16338 RB denotes previously
T5338 16339-16350 VBN denotes established
T5339 16357-16370 NNS denotes contingencies
T5340 16351-16352 NN denotes S
T5341 16352-16353 SYM denotes +
T5342 16353-16354 HYPH denotes /
T5343 16354-16355 NN denotes S
T5344 16355-16356 HYPH denotes -
T5345 16371-16372 -LRB- denotes (
T5346 16413-16417 NN denotes Fig.
T5347 16372-16382 VBG denotes responding
T5348 16383-16385 IN denotes to
T5349 16386-16387 DT denotes a
T5350 16403-16411 NN denotes stimulus
T5351 16388-16402 JJ denotes discriminative
T5352 16411-16412 : denotes ;
T5353 16418-16419 CD denotes 4
T5354 16419-16420 -RRB- denotes )
T5355 16421-16429 RB denotes strongly
T5356 16437-16441 IN denotes that
T5357 16514-16523 VBZ denotes modulates
T5358 16442-16452 JJ denotes mesolimbic
T5359 16453-16461 NN denotes dopamine
T5360 16461-16463 , denotes ,
T5361 16463-16466 CC denotes and
T5362 16467-16469 IN denotes in
T5363 16503-16512 NN denotes signaling
T5364 16470-16480 JJ denotes particular
T5365 16481-16489 NN denotes dopamine
T5366 16490-16493 NN denotes D2R
T5367 16494-16502 VBN denotes mediated
T5368 16493-16494 HYPH denotes -
T5369 16512-16514 , denotes ,
T5370 16524-16527 DT denotes the
T5371 16528-16535 NN denotes process
T5372 16536-16538 IN denotes of
T5373 16539-16547 VBG denotes alerting
T5374 16548-16551 DT denotes the
T5375 16552-16559 NN denotes subject
T5376 16560-16564 IN denotes that
T5377 16596-16606 VBN denotes associated
T5378 16565-16573 JJ denotes familiar
T5379 16574-16587 NNS denotes contingencies
T5380 16588-16591 VBP denotes are
T5381 16592-16595 RB denotes now
T5382 16607-16617 JJ denotes unexpected
T5383 16618-16630 NNS denotes consequences
T5384 16630-16631 . denotes .
T5385 16631-16788 sentence denotes Schultz and colleagues have demonstrated that dopamine cells display consistent tonic firing patterns during maintenance of associative learning tasks [33].
T5386 16632-16639 NNP denotes Schultz
T5387 16660-16672 VBN denotes demonstrated
T5388 16640-16643 CC denotes and
T5389 16644-16654 NNS denotes colleagues
T5390 16655-16659 VBP denotes have
T5391 16673-16677 IN denotes that
T5392 16693-16700 VBP denotes display
T5393 16678-16686 NN denotes dopamine
T5394 16687-16692 NNS denotes cells
T5395 16701-16711 JJ denotes consistent
T5396 16725-16733 NNS denotes patterns
T5397 16712-16717 JJ denotes tonic
T5398 16718-16724 NN denotes firing
T5399 16734-16740 IN denotes during
T5400 16741-16752 NN denotes maintenance
T5401 16753-16755 IN denotes of
T5402 16756-16767 JJ denotes associative
T5403 16768-16776 NN denotes learning
T5404 16777-16782 NNS denotes tasks
T5405 16783-16784 -LRB- denotes [
T5406 16784-16786 CD denotes 33
T5407 16786-16787 -RRB- denotes ]
T5408 16787-16788 . denotes .
T5409 16788-16940 sentence denotes However, phasic burst activity of dopaminergic cells occurs when discrepancies between predicted and actual reinforcement contingencies transpire [14].
T5410 16789-16796 RB denotes However
T5411 16842-16848 VBZ denotes occurs
T5412 16796-16798 , denotes ,
T5413 16798-16804 JJ denotes phasic
T5414 16811-16819 NN denotes activity
T5415 16805-16810 NN denotes burst
T5416 16820-16822 IN denotes of
T5417 16823-16835 JJ denotes dopaminergic
T5418 16836-16841 NNS denotes cells
T5419 16849-16853 WRB denotes when
T5420 16925-16934 VBP denotes transpire
T5421 16854-16867 NNS denotes discrepancies
T5422 16868-16875 IN denotes between
T5423 16876-16885 JJ denotes predicted
T5424 16911-16924 NNS denotes contingencies
T5425 16886-16889 CC denotes and
T5426 16890-16896 JJ denotes actual
T5427 16897-16910 NN denotes reinforcement
T5428 16935-16936 -LRB- denotes [
T5429 16936-16938 CD denotes 14
T5430 16938-16939 -RRB- denotes ]
T5431 16939-16940 . denotes .
T5432 16940-17077 sentence denotes This robust increase of dopaminergic cell activation in response to unpredicted outcomes has been referred to as an "error" signal [14].
T5433 16941-16945 DT denotes This
T5434 16953-16961 NN denotes increase
T5435 16946-16952 JJ denotes robust
T5436 17039-17047 VBN denotes referred
T5437 16962-16964 IN denotes of
T5438 16965-16977 JJ denotes dopaminergic
T5439 16983-16993 NN denotes activation
T5440 16978-16982 NN denotes cell
T5441 16994-16996 IN denotes in
T5442 16997-17005 NN denotes response
T5443 17006-17008 IN denotes to
T5444 17009-17020 JJ denotes unpredicted
T5445 17021-17029 NNS denotes outcomes
T5446 17030-17033 VBZ denotes has
T5447 17034-17038 VBN denotes been
T5448 17048-17050 IN denotes to
T5449 17051-17053 IN denotes as
T5450 17054-17056 DT denotes an
T5451 17065-17071 NN denotes signal
T5452 17057-17058 `` denotes "
T5453 17058-17063 NN denotes error
T5454 17063-17064 '' denotes "
T5455 17072-17073 -LRB- denotes [
T5456 17073-17075 CD denotes 14
T5457 17075-17076 -RRB- denotes ]
T5458 17076-17077 . denotes .
T5459 17077-17152 sentence denotes To date, the molecular basis of this error signal has not been identified.
T5460 17078-17080 IN denotes To
T5461 17141-17151 VBN denotes identified
T5462 17081-17085 NN denotes date
T5463 17085-17087 , denotes ,
T5464 17087-17090 DT denotes the
T5465 17101-17106 NN denotes basis
T5466 17091-17100 JJ denotes molecular
T5467 17107-17109 IN denotes of
T5468 17110-17114 DT denotes this
T5469 17121-17127 NN denotes signal
T5470 17115-17120 NN denotes error
T5471 17128-17131 VBZ denotes has
T5472 17132-17135 RB denotes not
T5473 17136-17140 VBN denotes been
T5474 17151-17152 . denotes .
T5475 17152-17339 sentence denotes The inability of the D2R-/- mice to desist responding to a previously reinforced stimulus suggests that the dopamine D2R might in fact be the focal point of this error-signaling cascade.
T5476 17153-17156 DT denotes The
T5477 17157-17166 NN denotes inability
T5478 17243-17251 VBZ denotes suggests
T5479 17167-17169 IN denotes of
T5480 17170-17173 DT denotes the
T5481 17181-17185 NNS denotes mice
T5482 17174-17177 NN denotes D2R
T5483 17177-17178 SYM denotes -
T5484 17178-17179 HYPH denotes /
T5485 17179-17180 SYM denotes -
T5486 17186-17188 TO denotes to
T5487 17189-17195 VB denotes desist
T5488 17196-17206 VBG denotes responding
T5489 17207-17209 IN denotes to
T5490 17210-17211 DT denotes a
T5491 17234-17242 NN denotes stimulus
T5492 17212-17222 RB denotes previously
T5493 17223-17233 VBN denotes reinforced
T5494 17252-17256 IN denotes that
T5495 17288-17290 VB denotes be
T5496 17257-17260 DT denotes the
T5497 17270-17273 NN denotes D2R
T5498 17261-17269 NN denotes dopamine
T5499 17274-17279 MD denotes might
T5500 17280-17282 IN denotes in
T5501 17283-17287 NN denotes fact
T5502 17291-17294 DT denotes the
T5503 17301-17306 NN denotes point
T5504 17295-17300 JJ denotes focal
T5505 17307-17309 IN denotes of
T5506 17310-17314 DT denotes this
T5507 17331-17338 NN denotes cascade
T5508 17315-17320 NN denotes error
T5509 17321-17330 VBG denotes signaling
T5510 17320-17321 HYPH denotes -
T5511 17338-17339 . denotes .
T5512 17339-17482 sentence denotes Electrophysiological data further support the hypothesis that signaling mediated by dopamine D2Rs tunes D1R-mediated mesocorticolimbic output.
T5513 17340-17360 JJ denotes Electrophysiological
T5514 17361-17365 NNS denotes data
T5515 17374-17381 VBP denotes support
T5516 17366-17373 RB denotes further
T5517 17382-17385 DT denotes the
T5518 17386-17396 NN denotes hypothesis
T5519 17397-17401 IN denotes that
T5520 17438-17443 VBZ denotes tunes
T5521 17402-17411 NN denotes signaling
T5522 17412-17420 VBN denotes mediated
T5523 17421-17423 IN denotes by
T5524 17424-17432 NN denotes dopamine
T5525 17433-17437 NNS denotes D2Rs
T5526 17444-17447 NN denotes D1R
T5527 17448-17456 VBN denotes mediated
T5528 17447-17448 HYPH denotes -
T5529 17475-17481 NN denotes output
T5530 17457-17474 JJ denotes mesocorticolimbic
T5531 17481-17482 . denotes .
T5532 17482-17681 sentence denotes Calabresi et al. [34] demonstrated that tetanic stimulation of dorsal striatum slices prepared from D2R-/- mice is associated with enhanced EPSP and as a result increased striatal synaptic efficacy.
T5533 17483-17492 NNP denotes Calabresi
T5534 17505-17517 VBD denotes demonstrated
T5535 17493-17495 FW denotes et
T5536 17496-17499 FW denotes al.
T5537 17500-17501 -LRB- denotes [
T5538 17501-17503 CD denotes 34
T5539 17503-17504 -RRB- denotes ]
T5540 17518-17522 IN denotes that
T5541 17598-17608 VBN denotes associated
T5542 17523-17530 JJ denotes tetanic
T5543 17531-17542 NN denotes stimulation
T5544 17543-17545 IN denotes of
T5545 17546-17552 JJ denotes dorsal
T5546 17562-17568 NNS denotes slices
T5547 17553-17561 NN denotes striatum
T5548 17569-17577 VBN denotes prepared
T5549 17578-17582 IN denotes from
T5550 17583-17586 NN denotes D2R
T5551 17590-17594 NNS denotes mice
T5552 17586-17587 SYM denotes -
T5553 17587-17588 HYPH denotes /
T5554 17588-17589 SYM denotes -
T5555 17595-17597 VBZ denotes is
T5556 17609-17613 IN denotes with
T5557 17614-17622 VBN denotes enhanced
T5558 17623-17627 NN denotes EPSP
T5559 17628-17631 CC denotes and
T5560 17632-17634 IN denotes as
T5561 17672-17680 NN denotes efficacy
T5562 17635-17636 DT denotes a
T5563 17637-17643 NN denotes result
T5564 17644-17653 VBN denotes increased
T5565 17654-17662 JJ denotes striatal
T5566 17663-17671 JJ denotes synaptic
T5567 17680-17681 . denotes .
T5568 17681-17861 sentence denotes In contrast, stimulation of dorsal striatum slices from wild-type mice resulted in IPSP activity, long-term depression, and decreased neuronal activity of striatal efferents [34].
T5569 17682-17684 IN denotes In
T5570 17753-17761 VBD denotes resulted
T5571 17685-17693 NN denotes contrast
T5572 17693-17695 , denotes ,
T5573 17695-17706 NN denotes stimulation
T5574 17707-17709 IN denotes of
T5575 17710-17716 JJ denotes dorsal
T5576 17726-17732 NNS denotes slices
T5577 17717-17725 NN denotes striatum
T5578 17733-17737 IN denotes from
T5579 17738-17742 JJ denotes wild
T5580 17743-17747 NN denotes type
T5581 17742-17743 HYPH denotes -
T5582 17748-17752 NNS denotes mice
T5583 17762-17764 IN denotes in
T5584 17765-17769 NN denotes IPSP
T5585 17770-17778 NN denotes activity
T5586 17778-17780 , denotes ,
T5587 17780-17784 JJ denotes long
T5588 17785-17789 NN denotes term
T5589 17784-17785 HYPH denotes -
T5590 17790-17800 NN denotes depression
T5591 17800-17802 , denotes ,
T5592 17802-17805 CC denotes and
T5593 17806-17815 VBN denotes decreased
T5594 17825-17833 NN denotes activity
T5595 17816-17824 JJ denotes neuronal
T5596 17834-17836 IN denotes of
T5597 17837-17845 JJ denotes striatal
T5598 17846-17855 NNS denotes efferents
T5599 17856-17857 -LRB- denotes [
T5600 17857-17859 CD denotes 34
T5601 17859-17860 -RRB- denotes ]
T5602 17860-17861 . denotes .
T5603 17861-18035 sentence denotes Carlsson and colleagues [35] have speculated that dopamine D2R stimulation in the striatum serves to "brake" or diminish excitatory corticostriatal signaling and plasticity.
T5604 17862-17870 NNP denotes Carlsson
T5605 17896-17906 VBN denotes speculated
T5606 17871-17874 CC denotes and
T5607 17875-17885 NNS denotes colleagues
T5608 17886-17887 -LRB- denotes [
T5609 17887-17889 CD denotes 35
T5610 17889-17890 -RRB- denotes ]
T5611 17891-17895 VBP denotes have
T5612 17907-17911 IN denotes that
T5613 17953-17959 VBZ denotes serves
T5614 17912-17920 NN denotes dopamine
T5615 17921-17924 NN denotes D2R
T5616 17925-17936 NN denotes stimulation
T5617 17937-17939 IN denotes in
T5618 17940-17943 DT denotes the
T5619 17944-17952 NN denotes striatum
T5620 17960-17962 TO denotes to
T5621 17964-17969 VB denotes brake
T5622 17963-17964 `` denotes "
T5623 17969-17970 '' denotes "
T5624 17971-17973 CC denotes or
T5625 17974-17982 VB denotes diminish
T5626 17983-17993 JJ denotes excitatory
T5627 18010-18019 NN denotes signaling
T5628 17994-18009 JJ denotes corticostriatal
T5629 18020-18023 CC denotes and
T5630 18024-18034 NN denotes plasticity
T5631 18034-18035 . denotes .
T5632 18035-18295 sentence denotes Indeed, perseverative behavior is associated with over activity of the dorsal striatum in rodents [36] and over activity of the caudate in patients with ADHD [37] and a strong inverse correlation of D2R binding with compulsive behavior has been reported [22].
T5633 18036-18042 RB denotes Indeed
T5634 18070-18080 VBN denotes associated
T5635 18042-18044 , denotes ,
T5636 18044-18057 JJ denotes perseverative
T5637 18058-18066 NN denotes behavior
T5638 18067-18069 VBZ denotes is
T5639 18081-18085 IN denotes with
T5640 18086-18090 JJ denotes over
T5641 18091-18099 NN denotes activity
T5642 18100-18102 IN denotes of
T5643 18103-18106 DT denotes the
T5644 18114-18122 NN denotes striatum
T5645 18107-18113 JJ denotes dorsal
T5646 18123-18125 IN denotes in
T5647 18126-18133 NNS denotes rodents
T5648 18134-18135 -LRB- denotes [
T5649 18135-18137 CD denotes 36
T5650 18137-18138 -RRB- denotes ]
T5651 18139-18142 CC denotes and
T5652 18143-18147 JJ denotes over
T5653 18148-18156 NN denotes activity
T5654 18157-18159 IN denotes of
T5655 18160-18163 DT denotes the
T5656 18164-18171 NN denotes caudate
T5657 18172-18174 IN denotes in
T5658 18175-18183 NNS denotes patients
T5659 18184-18188 IN denotes with
T5660 18189-18193 NN denotes ADHD
T5661 18194-18195 -LRB- denotes [
T5662 18195-18197 CD denotes 37
T5663 18197-18198 -RRB- denotes ]
T5664 18199-18202 CC denotes and
T5665 18203-18204 DT denotes a
T5666 18220-18231 NN denotes correlation
T5667 18205-18211 JJ denotes strong
T5668 18212-18219 JJ denotes inverse
T5669 18281-18289 VBN denotes reported
T5670 18232-18234 IN denotes of
T5671 18235-18238 NN denotes D2R
T5672 18239-18246 NN denotes binding
T5673 18247-18251 IN denotes with
T5674 18252-18262 JJ denotes compulsive
T5675 18263-18271 NN denotes behavior
T5676 18272-18275 VBZ denotes has
T5677 18276-18280 VBN denotes been
T5678 18290-18291 -LRB- denotes [
T5679 18291-18293 CD denotes 22
T5680 18293-18294 -RRB- denotes ]
T5681 18294-18295 . denotes .
T5682 18295-18482 sentence denotes Importantly, our data indicate that the poor performances displayed by the D2R-/- mice are manifestations of reversal learning deficits and not gross motivational or sensory impairments.
T5683 18296-18307 RB denotes Importantly
T5684 18318-18326 VBP denotes indicate
T5685 18307-18309 , denotes ,
T5686 18309-18312 PRP$ denotes our
T5687 18313-18317 NNS denotes data
T5688 18327-18331 IN denotes that
T5689 18383-18386 VBP denotes are
T5690 18332-18335 DT denotes the
T5691 18341-18353 NNS denotes performances
T5692 18336-18340 JJ denotes poor
T5693 18354-18363 VBN denotes displayed
T5694 18364-18366 IN denotes by
T5695 18367-18370 DT denotes the
T5696 18378-18382 NNS denotes mice
T5697 18371-18374 NN denotes D2R
T5698 18374-18375 SYM denotes -
T5699 18375-18376 HYPH denotes /
T5700 18376-18377 SYM denotes -
T5701 18387-18401 NNS denotes manifestations
T5702 18402-18404 IN denotes of
T5703 18405-18413 NN denotes reversal
T5704 18414-18422 NN denotes learning
T5705 18423-18431 NNS denotes deficits
T5706 18432-18435 CC denotes and
T5707 18436-18439 RB denotes not
T5708 18440-18445 JJ denotes gross
T5709 18470-18481 NNS denotes impairments
T5854 18675-18679 DT denotes This
T5855 18680-18685 NN denotes study
T5856 18686-18698 VBZ denotes demonstrates
T5857 18699-18703 IN denotes that
T5858 18740-18747 VB denotes mediate
T5859 18704-18713 NN denotes signaling
T5860 18714-18716 IN denotes by
T5861 18717-18725 NN denotes dopamine
T5862 18726-18730 NNS denotes D2Rs
T5863 18731-18735 VBZ denotes does
T5864 18736-18739 RB denotes not
T5865 18748-18751 DT denotes the
T5866 18760-18765 NN denotes value
T5867 18752-18759 JJ denotes hedonic
T5868 18766-18768 IN denotes of
T5869 18769-18780 NNS denotes reinforcers
T5870 18780-18782 , denotes ,
T5871 18782-18792 VBG denotes supporting
T5872 18793-18796 CC denotes and
T5873 18797-18805 VBG denotes refining
T5874 18806-18813 JJR denotes earlier
T5875 18814-18822 NNS denotes findings
T5876 18823-18824 -LRB- denotes [
T5877 18826-18827 CD denotes 2
T5878 18824-18825 CD denotes 1
T5879 18825-18826 , denotes ,
T5880 18827-18828 -RRB- denotes ]
T5881 18828-18829 . denotes .
T5882 18829-19021 sentence denotes However, mice completely deficient in D2Rs demonstrated disrupted acquisition of discriminative stimulus relationships and an impaired ability to recognize changes in behavioral determinants.
T5883 18830-18837 RB denotes However
T5884 18873-18885 VBD denotes demonstrated
T5885 18837-18839 , denotes ,
T5886 18839-18843 NNS denotes mice
T5887 18844-18854 RB denotes completely
T5888 18855-18864 JJ denotes deficient
T5889 18865-18867 IN denotes in
T5890 18868-18872 NNS denotes D2Rs
T5891 18886-18895 JJ denotes disrupted
T5892 18896-18907 NN denotes acquisition
T5893 18908-18910 IN denotes of
T5894 18911-18925 JJ denotes discriminative
T5895 18926-18934 NN denotes stimulus
T5896 18935-18948 NNS denotes relationships
T5897 18949-18952 CC denotes and
T5898 18953-18955 DT denotes an
T5899 18965-18972 NN denotes ability
T5900 18956-18964 JJ denotes impaired
T5901 18973-18975 TO denotes to
T5902 18976-18985 VB denotes recognize
T5903 18986-18993 NNS denotes changes
T5904 18994-18996 IN denotes in
T5905 18997-19007 JJ denotes behavioral
T5906 19008-19020 NNS denotes determinants
T5907 19020-19021 . denotes .
T5908 19021-19235 sentence denotes Therefore, we suggest that during associative learning or when unexpected reinforcement outcomes are modified (reversal learning) dopamine-driven reinforcement impulses involve signaling mediated by dopamine D2Rs.
T5909 19022-19031 RB denotes Therefore
T5910 19036-19043 VBP denotes suggest
T5911 19031-19033 , denotes ,
T5912 19033-19035 PRP denotes we
T5913 19044-19048 IN denotes that
T5914 19191-19198 VBP denotes involve
T5915 19049-19055 IN denotes during
T5916 19056-19067 JJ denotes associative
T5917 19068-19076 NN denotes learning
T5918 19077-19079 CC denotes or
T5919 19080-19084 WRB denotes when
T5920 19123-19131 VBN denotes modified
T5921 19085-19095 JJ denotes unexpected
T5922 19110-19118 NNS denotes outcomes
T5923 19096-19109 NN denotes reinforcement
T5924 19119-19122 VBP denotes are
T5925 19132-19133 -LRB- denotes (
T5926 19142-19150 NN denotes learning
T5927 19133-19141 NN denotes reversal
T5928 19150-19151 -RRB- denotes )
T5929 19152-19160 NN denotes dopamine
T5930 19161-19167 VBN denotes driven
T5931 19160-19161 HYPH denotes -
T5932 19182-19190 NNS denotes impulses
T5933 19168-19181 NN denotes reinforcement
T5934 19199-19208 NN denotes signaling
T5935 19209-19217 VBN denotes mediated
T5936 19218-19220 IN denotes by
T5937 19221-19229 NN denotes dopamine
T5938 19230-19234 NNS denotes D2Rs
T5939 19234-19235 . denotes .
T5940 19235-19516 sentence denotes In the course of associative learning, striatal synapses [38] receive experience-driven gain [7], thus permitting newly established reinforcement-mediated signals to traverse ascending efferents en route to the frontal cortex, completing a functional limbic/motor circuit [39-41].
T5941 19236-19238 IN denotes In
T5942 19298-19305 VBP denotes receive
T5943 19239-19242 DT denotes the
T5944 19243-19249 NN denotes course
T5945 19250-19252 IN denotes of
T5946 19253-19264 JJ denotes associative
T5947 19265-19273 NN denotes learning
T5948 19273-19275 , denotes ,
T5949 19275-19283 JJ denotes striatal
T5950 19284-19292 NNS denotes synapses
T5951 19293-19294 -LRB- denotes [
T5952 19294-19296 CD denotes 38
T5953 19296-19297 -RRB- denotes ]
T5954 19306-19316 NN denotes experience
T5955 19317-19323 VBN denotes driven
T5956 19316-19317 HYPH denotes -
T5957 19324-19328 NN denotes gain
T5958 19329-19330 -LRB- denotes [
T5959 19330-19331 CD denotes 7
T5960 19331-19332 -RRB- denotes ]
T5961 19332-19334 , denotes ,
T5962 19334-19338 RB denotes thus
T5963 19339-19349 VBG denotes permitting
T5964 19350-19355 RB denotes newly
T5965 19356-19367 VBN denotes established
T5966 19382-19390 VBN denotes mediated
T5967 19368-19381 NN denotes reinforcement
T5968 19381-19382 HYPH denotes -
T5969 19391-19398 NNS denotes signals
T5970 19399-19401 TO denotes to
T5971 19402-19410 VB denotes traverse
T5972 19411-19420 VBG denotes ascending
T5973 19421-19430 NNS denotes efferents
T5974 19431-19433 FW denotes en
T5975 19440-19442 IN denotes to
T5976 19434-19439 FW denotes route
T5977 19443-19446 DT denotes the
T5978 19455-19461 NN denotes cortex
T5979 19447-19454 JJ denotes frontal
T5980 19461-19463 , denotes ,
T5981 19463-19473 VBG denotes completing
T5982 19474-19475 DT denotes a
T5983 19500-19507 NN denotes circuit
T5984 19476-19486 JJ denotes functional
T5985 19487-19493 JJ denotes limbic
T5986 19494-19499 JJ denotes motor
T5987 19493-19494 HYPH denotes /
T5988 19508-19509 -LRB- denotes [
T5989 19509-19511 CD denotes 39
T5990 19511-19512 SYM denotes -
T5991 19512-19514 CD denotes 41
T5992 19514-19515 -RRB- denotes ]
T5993 19515-19516 . denotes .
T5994 19516-19866 sentence denotes Possibly, the lack of dopamine D2R-mediated signaling prevents refinement of the corticostriatal reinforcement circuits in the brains of the D2R-/- mice, thus impairing their ability to form S+/S- contingencies and disengage inappropriate dopamine D1R-mediated associative responding when unexpected consequences to goal-directed behaviors happened.
T5995 19517-19525 RB denotes Possibly
T5996 19571-19579 VBZ denotes prevents
T5997 19525-19527 , denotes ,
T5998 19527-19530 DT denotes the
T5999 19531-19535 NN denotes lack
T6000 19536-19538 IN denotes of
T6001 19539-19547 NN denotes dopamine
T6002 19548-19551 NN denotes D2R
T6003 19552-19560 VBN denotes mediated
T6004 19551-19552 HYPH denotes -
T6005 19561-19570 NN denotes signaling
T6006 19580-19590 NN denotes refinement
T6007 19591-19593 IN denotes of
T6008 19594-19597 DT denotes the
T6009 19628-19636 NNS denotes circuits
T6010 19598-19613 JJ denotes corticostriatal
T6011 19614-19627 NN denotes reinforcement
T6012 19637-19639 IN denotes in
T6013 19640-19643 DT denotes the
T6014 19644-19650 NNS denotes brains
T6015 19651-19653 IN denotes of
T6016 19654-19657 DT denotes the
T6017 19665-19669 NNS denotes mice
T6018 19658-19661 NN denotes D2R
T6019 19661-19662 SYM denotes -
T6020 19662-19663 HYPH denotes /
T6021 19663-19664 SYM denotes -
T6022 19669-19671 , denotes ,
T6023 19671-19675 RB denotes thus
T6024 19676-19685 VBG denotes impairing
T6025 19686-19691 PRP$ denotes their
T6026 19692-19699 NN denotes ability
T6027 19700-19702 TO denotes to
T6028 19703-19707 VB denotes form
T6029 19708-19709 NN denotes S
T6030 19714-19727 NNS denotes contingencies
T6031 19709-19710 SYM denotes +
T6032 19710-19711 HYPH denotes /
T6033 19711-19712 NN denotes S
T6034 19712-19713 HYPH denotes -
T6035 19728-19731 CC denotes and
T6036 19732-19741 VB denotes disengage
T6037 19742-19755 JJ denotes inappropriate
T6038 19790-19800 NN denotes responding
T6039 19756-19764 NN denotes dopamine
T6040 19765-19768 NN denotes D1R
T6041 19769-19777 VBN denotes mediated
T6042 19768-19769 HYPH denotes -
T6043 19778-19789 JJ denotes associative
T6044 19801-19805 WRB denotes when
T6045 19857-19865 VBD denotes happened
T6046 19806-19816 JJ denotes unexpected
T6047 19817-19829 NNS denotes consequences
T6048 19830-19832 IN denotes to
T6049 19833-19837 NN denotes goal
T6050 19838-19846 VBN denotes directed
T6051 19837-19838 HYPH denotes -
T6052 19847-19856 NNS denotes behaviors
T6053 19865-19866 . denotes .
T6054 19866-20107 sentence denotes Consequently, we are compelled to conclude that the perseverative performance deficits demonstrated by the D2R-/- mice in the tasks used in the present study reveal a previously unreported role for D2Rs in associative and reversal learning.
T6055 19867-19879 RB denotes Consequently
T6056 19888-19897 VBN denotes compelled
T6057 19879-19881 , denotes ,
T6058 19881-19883 PRP denotes we
T6059 19884-19887 VBP denotes are
T6060 19898-19900 TO denotes to
T6061 19901-19909 VB denotes conclude
T6062 19910-19914 IN denotes that
T6063 20025-20031 VBP denotes reveal
T6064 19915-19918 DT denotes the
T6065 19945-19953 NNS denotes deficits
T6066 19919-19932 JJ denotes perseverative
T6067 19933-19944 NN denotes performance
T6068 19954-19966 VBN denotes demonstrated
T6069 19967-19969 IN denotes by
T6070 19970-19973 DT denotes the
T6071 19981-19985 NNS denotes mice
T6072 19974-19977 NN denotes D2R
T6073 19977-19978 SYM denotes -
T6074 19978-19979 HYPH denotes /
T6075 19979-19980 SYM denotes -
T6076 19986-19988 IN denotes in
T6077 19989-19992 DT denotes the
T6078 19993-19998 NNS denotes tasks
T6079 19999-20003 VBN denotes used
T6080 20004-20006 IN denotes in
T6081 20007-20010 DT denotes the
T6082 20019-20024 NN denotes study
T6083 20011-20018 JJ denotes present
T6084 20032-20033 DT denotes a
T6085 20056-20060 NN denotes role
T6086 20034-20044 RB denotes previously
T6087 20045-20055 JJ denotes unreported
T6088 20061-20064 IN denotes for
T6089 20065-20069 NNS denotes D2Rs
T6090 20070-20072 IN denotes in
T6091 20073-20084 JJ denotes associative
T6092 20098-20106 NN denotes learning
T6093 20085-20088 CC denotes and
T6094 20089-20097 NN denotes reversal
T6095 20106-20107 . denotes .
T6113 20118-20126 NNS denotes Subjects
T6114 20126-20405 sentence denotes The sixteen, 8–10 week old, 25–30 g mice (8 per genotype) used in this study were the congenic offspring of breeders that were descendants of the original F2 hybrid (129/Sv × C57BL/6J; Kelly et al., 1997) that was backcrossed to inbred C57Bl/6J stock (Jackson Laboratories, ME).
T6115 20127-20130 DT denotes The
T6116 20163-20167 NNS denotes mice
T6117 20131-20138 CD denotes sixteen
T6118 20138-20140 , denotes ,
T6119 20140-20141 CD denotes 8
T6120 20142-20144 CD denotes 10
T6121 20141-20142 HYPH denotes –
T6122 20145-20149 NN denotes week
T6123 20150-20153 JJ denotes old
T6124 20153-20155 , denotes ,
T6125 20155-20157 CD denotes 25
T6126 20158-20160 CD denotes 30
T6127 20157-20158 HYPH denotes –
T6128 20161-20162 NN denotes g
T6129 20204-20208 VBD denotes were
T6130 20168-20169 -LRB- denotes (
T6131 20169-20170 CD denotes 8
T6132 20171-20174 IN denotes per
T6133 20175-20183 NN denotes genotype
T6134 20183-20184 -RRB- denotes )
T6135 20185-20189 VBN denotes used
T6136 20190-20192 IN denotes in
T6137 20193-20197 DT denotes this
T6138 20198-20203 NN denotes study
T6139 20209-20212 DT denotes the
T6140 20222-20231 NN denotes offspring
T6141 20213-20221 JJ denotes congenic
T6142 20232-20234 IN denotes of
T6143 20235-20243 NNS denotes breeders
T6144 20244-20248 WDT denotes that
T6145 20249-20253 VBD denotes were
T6146 20254-20265 NNS denotes descendants
T6147 20266-20268 IN denotes of
T6148 20269-20272 DT denotes the
T6149 20285-20291 NN denotes hybrid
T6150 20273-20281 JJ denotes original
T6151 20282-20284 NN denotes F2
T6152 20292-20293 -LRB- denotes (
T6153 20297-20299 NN denotes Sv
T6154 20293-20296 CD denotes 129
T6155 20296-20297 HYPH denotes /
T6156 20300-20301 SYM denotes ×
T6157 20308-20310 NN denotes 6J
T6158 20302-20307 NN denotes C57BL
T6159 20307-20308 HYPH denotes /
T6160 20310-20311 : denotes ;
T6161 20312-20317 NNP denotes Kelly
T6162 20318-20320 FW denotes et
T6163 20321-20324 FW denotes al.
T6164 20324-20326 , denotes ,
T6165 20326-20330 CD denotes 1997
T6166 20330-20331 -RRB- denotes )
T6167 20332-20336 WDT denotes that
T6168 20341-20352 VBN denotes backcrossed
T6169 20337-20340 VBD denotes was
T6170 20353-20355 IN denotes to
T6171 20356-20362 JJ denotes inbred
T6172 20372-20377 NN denotes stock
T6173 20363-20368 NN denotes C57Bl
T6174 20369-20371 NN denotes 6J
T6175 20368-20369 HYPH denotes /
T6176 20378-20379 -LRB- denotes (
T6177 20387-20399 NNP denotes Laboratories
T6178 20379-20386 NNP denotes Jackson
T6179 20399-20401 , denotes ,
T6180 20401-20403 NNP denotes ME
T6181 20403-20404 -RRB- denotes )
T6182 20404-20405 . denotes .
T6183 20405-20541 sentence denotes This breeding strategy was repeated for 20 successive generations with the gender of the donor/mutant alternating with each generation.
T6184 20406-20410 DT denotes This
T6185 20420-20428 NN denotes strategy
T6186 20411-20419 NN denotes breeding
T6187 20433-20441 VBN denotes repeated
T6188 20429-20432 VBD denotes was
T6189 20442-20445 IN denotes for
T6190 20446-20448 CD denotes 20
T6191 20460-20471 NNS denotes generations
T6192 20449-20459 JJ denotes successive
T6193 20472-20476 IN denotes with
T6194 20477-20480 DT denotes the
T6195 20481-20487 NN denotes gender
T6196 20488-20490 IN denotes of
T6197 20491-20494 DT denotes the
T6198 20501-20507 NN denotes mutant
T6199 20495-20500 NN denotes donor
T6200 20500-20501 HYPH denotes /
T6201 20508-20519 VBG denotes alternating
T6202 20520-20524 IN denotes with
T6203 20525-20529 DT denotes each
T6204 20530-20540 NN denotes generation
T6205 20540-20541 . denotes .
T6206 20541-20619 sentence denotes All experimental subjects were genotyped by PCR as previously described [23].
T6207 20542-20545 DT denotes All
T6208 20559-20567 NNS denotes subjects
T6209 20546-20558 JJ denotes experimental
T6210 20573-20582 VBN denotes genotyped
T6211 20568-20572 VBD denotes were
T6212 20583-20585 IN denotes by
T6213 20586-20589 NN denotes PCR
T6214 20590-20592 IN denotes as
T6215 20604-20613 VBN denotes described
T6216 20593-20603 RB denotes previously
T6217 20614-20615 -LRB- denotes [
T6218 20615-20617 CD denotes 23
T6219 20617-20618 -RRB- denotes ]
T6220 20618-20619 . denotes .
T6221 20619-20671 sentence denotes All testing occured randomly across estrous cycles.
T6222 20620-20623 DT denotes All
T6223 20624-20631 NN denotes testing
T6224 20632-20639 VBN denotes occured
T6225 20640-20648 RB denotes randomly
T6226 20649-20655 IN denotes across
T6227 20656-20663 JJ denotes estrous
T6228 20664-20670 NNS denotes cycles
T6229 20670-20671 . denotes .
T6230 20671-20905 sentence denotes The Department of Comparative Medicine at Oregon Health and Science University approved all protocols, and all animals were maintained in accordance to National Institutes of Health's Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals.
T6231 20672-20675 DT denotes The
T6232 20676-20686 NNP denotes Department
T6233 20751-20759 VBD denotes approved
T6234 20687-20689 IN denotes of
T6235 20690-20701 NNP denotes Comparative
T6236 20702-20710 NNP denotes Medicine
T6237 20711-20713 IN denotes at
T6238 20714-20720 NNP denotes Oregon
T6239 20740-20750 NNP denotes University
T6240 20721-20727 NNP denotes Health
T6241 20728-20731 CC denotes and
T6242 20732-20739 NNP denotes Science
T6243 20760-20763 DT denotes all
T6244 20764-20773 NNS denotes protocols
T6245 20773-20775 , denotes ,
T6246 20775-20778 CC denotes and
T6247 20779-20782 DT denotes all
T6248 20783-20790 NNS denotes animals
T6249 20796-20806 VBN denotes maintained
T6250 20791-20795 VBD denotes were
T6251 20807-20809 IN denotes in
T6252 20810-20820 NN denotes accordance
T6253 20821-20823 IN denotes to
T6254 20824-20832 NNP denotes National
T6255 20833-20843 NNPS denotes Institutes
T6256 20856-20861 NN denotes Guide
T6257 20844-20846 IN denotes of
T6258 20847-20853 NNP denotes Health
T6259 20853-20855 POS denotes 's
T6260 20862-20865 IN denotes for
T6261 20866-20869 DT denotes the
T6262 20870-20874 NNP denotes Care
T6263 20875-20878 CC denotes and
T6264 20879-20882 NNP denotes Use
T6265 20883-20885 IN denotes of
T6266 20886-20896 NNP denotes Laboratory
T6267 20897-20904 NNPS denotes Animals
T6268 20904-20905 . denotes .
T6404 20907-20919 JJ denotes Experimental
T6405 20920-20930 NNS denotes procedures
T6406 20930-20972 sentence denotes Odor discrimination training and testing
T6407 20932-20936 NN denotes Odor
T6408 20952-20960 NN denotes training
T6409 20937-20951 NN denotes discrimination
T6410 20961-20964 CC denotes and
T6411 20965-20972 NN denotes testing
T6412 20972-21093 sentence denotes A 2-odor discrimination paradigm was chosen because it permits a measure of attentional focus in goal-directed behavior.
T6413 20973-20974 DT denotes A
T6414 20997-21005 NN denotes paradigm
T6415 20975-20976 CD denotes 2
T6416 20977-20981 NN denotes odor
T6417 20976-20977 HYPH denotes -
T6418 20982-20996 NN denotes discrimination
T6419 21010-21016 VBN denotes chosen
T6420 21006-21009 VBD denotes was
T6421 21017-21024 IN denotes because
T6422 21028-21035 VBZ denotes permits
T6423 21025-21027 PRP denotes it
T6424 21036-21037 DT denotes a
T6425 21038-21045 NN denotes measure
T6426 21046-21048 IN denotes of
T6427 21049-21060 JJ denotes attentional
T6428 21061-21066 NN denotes focus
T6429 21067-21069 IN denotes in
T6430 21070-21074 NN denotes goal
T6431 21075-21083 VBN denotes directed
T6432 21074-21075 HYPH denotes -
T6433 21084-21092 NN denotes behavior
T6434 21092-21093 . denotes .
T6435 21093-21203 sentence denotes Odor discrimination was chosen as the particular task because it is a highly robust behavior in rodents [18].
T6436 21094-21098 NN denotes Odor
T6437 21099-21113 NN denotes discrimination
T6438 21118-21124 VBN denotes chosen
T6439 21114-21117 VBD denotes was
T6440 21125-21127 IN denotes as
T6441 21128-21131 DT denotes the
T6442 21143-21147 NN denotes task
T6443 21132-21142 JJ denotes particular
T6444 21148-21155 IN denotes because
T6445 21159-21161 VBZ denotes is
T6446 21156-21158 PRP denotes it
T6447 21162-21163 DT denotes a
T6448 21178-21186 NN denotes behavior
T6449 21164-21170 RB denotes highly
T6450 21171-21177 JJ denotes robust
T6451 21187-21189 IN denotes in
T6453 21198-21199 -LRB- denotes [
T6454 21199-21201 CD denotes 18
T6455 21201-21202 -RRB- denotes ]
T6456 21202-21203 . denotes .
T6457 21203-21290 sentence denotes To minimize experimental error, the experimenter was blind to genotype during testing.
T6458 21204-21206 TO denotes To
T6459 21207-21215 VB denotes minimize
T6460 21253-21256 VBD denotes was
T6461 21216-21228 JJ denotes experimental
T6462 21229-21234 NN denotes error
T6463 21234-21236 , denotes ,
T6464 21236-21239 DT denotes the
T6465 21240-21252 NN denotes experimenter
T6466 21257-21262 JJ denotes blind
T6467 21263-21265 IN denotes to
T6468 21266-21274 NN denotes genotype
T6469 21275-21281 IN denotes during
T6470 21282-21289 NN denotes testing
T6471 21289-21290 . denotes .
T6472 21290-21361 sentence denotes Mice were mildly food deprived to approximately 85% ad libitum weight.
T6473 21291-21295 NNS denotes Mice
T6474 21296-21300 VBD denotes were
T6475 21301-21307 RB denotes mildly
T6476 21313-21321 VBN denotes deprived
T6477 21308-21312 NN denotes food
T6478 21322-21324 IN denotes to
T6479 21325-21338 RB denotes approximately
T6480 21339-21341 CD denotes 85
T6481 21341-21342 NN denotes %
T6482 21354-21360 NN denotes weight
T6483 21343-21345 FW denotes ad
T6484 21346-21353 FW denotes libitum
T6485 21360-21361 . denotes .
T6486 21361-21646 sentence denotes Dopamine D2R-/- and D2R+/+ mice (n = 8 per group) were initially trained to ambulate the length of a polyvinyl mouse cage (30-cm) to retrieve ~30-mg of Pico® fat supplemented rodent food located in a small plastic cup (3-cm) attached to the floor of the testing apparatus with Velcro.
T6487 21362-21370 NN denotes Dopamine
T6488 21371-21374 NN denotes D2R
T6489 21389-21393 NNS denotes mice
T6490 21374-21375 SYM denotes -
T6491 21375-21376 HYPH denotes /
T6492 21376-21377 SYM denotes -
T6493 21378-21381 CC denotes and
T6494 21382-21385 NN denotes D2R
T6495 21385-21386 SYM denotes +
T6496 21386-21387 HYPH denotes /
T6497 21387-21388 SYM denotes +
T6498 21427-21434 VBN denotes trained
T6499 21394-21395 -LRB- denotes (
T6500 21399-21400 CD denotes 8
T6501 21395-21396 NN denotes n
T6502 21397-21398 SYM denotes =
T6503 21401-21404 IN denotes per
T6504 21405-21410 NN denotes group
T6505 21410-21411 -RRB- denotes )
T6506 21412-21416 VBD denotes were
T6507 21417-21426 RB denotes initially
T6508 21435-21437 TO denotes to
T6509 21438-21446 VB denotes ambulate
T6510 21447-21450 DT denotes the
T6511 21451-21457 NN denotes length
T6512 21458-21460 IN denotes of
T6513 21461-21462 DT denotes a
T6514 21479-21483 NN denotes cage
T6515 21463-21472 NN denotes polyvinyl
T6516 21473-21478 NN denotes mouse
T6517 21484-21485 -LRB- denotes (
T6518 21488-21490 NNS denotes cm
T6519 21485-21487 CD denotes 30
T6520 21487-21488 HYPH denotes -
T6521 21490-21491 -RRB- denotes )
T6522 21492-21494 TO denotes to
T6523 21495-21503 VB denotes retrieve
T6524 21504-21505 SYM denotes ~
T6525 21505-21507 CD denotes 30
T6526 21508-21510 NNS denotes mg
T6527 21507-21508 HYPH denotes -
T6528 21511-21513 IN denotes of
T6529 21514-21519 NNP denotes Pico®
T6530 21520-21523 NN denotes fat
T6531 21524-21536 VBN denotes supplemented
T6532 21544-21548 NN denotes food
T6533 21537-21543 NN denotes rodent
T6534 21549-21556 VBN denotes located
T6535 21557-21559 IN denotes in
T6536 21560-21561 DT denotes a
T6537 21576-21579 NN denotes cup
T6538 21562-21567 JJ denotes small
T6539 21568-21575 NN denotes plastic
T6540 21580-21581 -LRB- denotes (
T6541 21583-21585 NNS denotes cm
T6542 21581-21582 CD denotes 3
T6543 21582-21583 HYPH denotes -
T6544 21585-21586 -RRB- denotes )
T6545 21587-21595 VBN denotes attached
T6546 21596-21598 IN denotes to
T6547 21599-21602 DT denotes the
T6548 21603-21608 NN denotes floor
T6549 21609-21611 IN denotes of
T6550 21612-21615 DT denotes the
T6551 21624-21633 NN denotes apparatus
T6552 21616-21623 NN denotes testing
T6553 21634-21638 IN denotes with
T6554 21639-21645 NNP denotes Velcro
T6555 21645-21646 . denotes .
T6556 21646-21803 sentence denotes Each subject received five trials, and the latency to locate and start to consume the food pellet was recorded manually with a standard hand-held stopwatch.
T6557 21647-21651 DT denotes Each
T6558 21652-21659 NN denotes subject
T6559 21660-21668 VBD denotes received
T6560 21669-21673 CD denotes five
T6561 21674-21680 NNS denotes trials
T6562 21680-21682 , denotes ,
T6563 21682-21685 CC denotes and
T6564 21686-21689 DT denotes the
T6565 21690-21697 NN denotes latency
T6566 21749-21757 VBN denotes recorded
T6567 21698-21700 TO denotes to
T6568 21701-21707 VB denotes locate
T6569 21708-21711 CC denotes and
T6570 21712-21717 VB denotes start
T6571 21718-21720 TO denotes to
T6572 21721-21728 VB denotes consume
T6573 21729-21732 DT denotes the
T6574 21738-21744 NN denotes pellet
T6575 21733-21737 NN denotes food
T6576 21745-21748 VBD denotes was
T6577 21758-21766 RB denotes manually
T6578 21767-21771 IN denotes with
T6579 21772-21773 DT denotes a
T6580 21793-21802 NN denotes stopwatch
T6581 21774-21782 JJ denotes standard
T6582 21783-21787 JJ denotes hand
T6583 21788-21792 JJ denotes held
T6584 21787-21788 HYPH denotes -
T6585 21802-21803 . denotes .
T6586 21803-21981 sentence denotes Twenty-four hours later subjects were trained to ambulate towards and dig through the same 3-cm dish filled with sterile sand to locate a food pellet buried underneath the sand.
T6587 21804-21810 CD denotes Twenty
T6588 21811-21815 CD denotes four
T6589 21810-21811 HYPH denotes -
T6590 21816-21821 NNS denotes hours
T6591 21822-21827 RB denotes later
T6592 21842-21849 VBN denotes trained
T6593 21828-21836 NNS denotes subjects
T6594 21837-21841 VBD denotes were
T6595 21850-21852 TO denotes to
T6596 21853-21861 VB denotes ambulate
T6597 21862-21869 IN denotes towards
T6598 21870-21873 CC denotes and
T6599 21874-21877 VB denotes dig
T6600 21878-21885 IN denotes through
T6601 21886-21889 DT denotes the
T6602 21900-21904 NN denotes dish
T6603 21890-21894 JJ denotes same
T6604 21895-21896 CD denotes 3
T6605 21897-21899 NN denotes cm
T6606 21896-21897 HYPH denotes -
T6607 21905-21911 VBN denotes filled
T6608 21912-21916 IN denotes with
T6609 21917-21924 JJ denotes sterile
T6610 21925-21929 NN denotes sand
T6611 21930-21932 TO denotes to
T6612 21933-21939 VB denotes locate
T6613 21940-21941 DT denotes a
T6614 21947-21953 NN denotes pellet
T6615 21942-21946 NN denotes food
T6616 21954-21960 VBN denotes buried
T6617 21961-21971 IN denotes underneath
T6618 21972-21975 DT denotes the
T6619 21976-21980 NN denotes sand
T6620 21980-21981 . denotes .
T6621 21981-22010 sentence denotes Subjects received 10 trials.
T6622 21982-21990 NNS denotes Subjects
T6623 21991-21999 VBD denotes received
T6624 22000-22002 CD denotes 10
T6625 22003-22009 NNS denotes trials
T6626 22009-22010 . denotes .
T6627 22010-22144 sentence denotes If a mouse failed to locate a food pellet within 10-min of the first trial, an additional food pellet was dropped on top of the dish.
T6628 22011-22013 IN denotes If
T6629 22022-22028 VBD denotes failed
T6630 22014-22015 DT denotes a
T6631 22016-22021 NN denotes mouse
T6632 22117-22124 VBN denotes dropped
T6633 22029-22031 TO denotes to
T6634 22032-22038 VB denotes locate
T6635 22039-22040 DT denotes a
T6636 22046-22052 NN denotes pellet
T6637 22041-22045 NN denotes food
T6638 22053-22059 IN denotes within
T6639 22060-22062 CD denotes 10
T6640 22063-22066 NN denotes min
T6641 22062-22063 HYPH denotes -
T6642 22067-22069 IN denotes of
T6643 22070-22073 DT denotes the
T6644 22080-22085 NN denotes trial
T6645 22074-22079 JJ denotes first
T6646 22085-22087 , denotes ,
T6647 22087-22089 DT denotes an
T6648 22106-22112 NN denotes pellet
T6649 22090-22100 JJ denotes additional
T6650 22101-22105 NN denotes food
T6651 22113-22116 VBD denotes was
T6652 22125-22127 IN denotes on
T6653 22128-22131 NN denotes top
T6654 22132-22134 IN denotes of
T6655 22135-22138 DT denotes the
T6656 22139-22143 NN denotes dish
T6657 22143-22144 . denotes .
T6658 22144-22271 sentence denotes This manipulation usually ensured that a subject would dig through the sand to locate the original pellet and learn this task.
T6659 22145-22149 DT denotes This
T6660 22150-22162 NN denotes manipulation
T6661 22171-22178 VBD denotes ensured
T6662 22163-22170 RB denotes usually
T6663 22179-22183 IN denotes that
T6664 22200-22203 VB denotes dig
T6665 22184-22185 DT denotes a
T6666 22186-22193 NN denotes subject
T6667 22194-22199 MD denotes would
T6668 22204-22211 IN denotes through
T6669 22212-22215 DT denotes the
T6670 22216-22220 NN denotes sand
T6671 22221-22223 TO denotes to
T6672 22224-22230 VB denotes locate
T6673 22231-22234 DT denotes the
T6674 22244-22250 NN denotes pellet
T6675 22235-22243 JJ denotes original
T6676 22251-22254 CC denotes and
T6677 22255-22260 VB denotes learn
T6678 22261-22265 DT denotes this
T6679 22266-22270 NN denotes task
T6680 22270-22271 . denotes .
T6681 22271-22400 sentence denotes The next day, mice were presented to the testing apparatus that now contained 2 dishes, each filled with different scented sand.
T6682 22272-22275 DT denotes The
T6683 22281-22284 NN denotes day
T6684 22276-22280 JJ denotes next
T6685 22296-22305 VBN denotes presented
T6686 22284-22286 , denotes ,
T6687 22286-22290 NNS denotes mice
T6688 22291-22295 VBD denotes were
T6689 22306-22308 IN denotes to
T6690 22309-22312 DT denotes the
T6691 22321-22330 NN denotes apparatus
T6692 22313-22320 NN denotes testing
T6693 22331-22335 WDT denotes that
T6694 22340-22349 VBD denotes contained
T6695 22336-22339 RB denotes now
T6696 22350-22351 CD denotes 2
T6697 22352-22358 NNS denotes dishes
T6698 22358-22360 , denotes ,
T6699 22360-22364 DT denotes each
T6700 22365-22371 VBN denotes filled
T6701 22372-22376 IN denotes with
T6702 22377-22386 JJ denotes different
T6703 22387-22394 JJ denotes scented
T6704 22395-22399 NN denotes sand
T6705 22399-22400 . denotes .
T6706 22400-22578 sentence denotes One odor signaled that a food reinforcer was buried in that particular dish (S+) while the other odor signaled that no reinforcer was contained within that particular dish (S-).
T6707 22401-22404 CD denotes One
T6708 22405-22409 NN denotes odor
T6709 22410-22418 VBD denotes signaled
T6710 22419-22423 IN denotes that
T6711 22446-22452 VBN denotes buried
T6712 22424-22425 DT denotes a
T6713 22431-22441 NN denotes reinforcer
T6714 22426-22430 NN denotes food
T6715 22442-22445 VBD denotes was
T6716 22453-22455 IN denotes in
T6717 22456-22460 DT denotes that
T6718 22472-22476 NN denotes dish
T6719 22461-22471 JJ denotes particular
T6720 22477-22478 -LRB- denotes (
T6721 22478-22479 NN denotes S
T6722 22479-22480 SYM denotes +
T6723 22480-22481 -RRB- denotes )
T6724 22482-22487 IN denotes while
T6725 22503-22511 VBD denotes signaled
T6726 22488-22491 DT denotes the
T6727 22498-22502 NN denotes odor
T6728 22492-22497 JJ denotes other
T6729 22512-22516 IN denotes that
T6730 22535-22544 VBN denotes contained
T6731 22517-22519 DT denotes no
T6732 22520-22530 NN denotes reinforcer
T6733 22531-22534 VBD denotes was
T6734 22545-22551 IN denotes within
T6735 22552-22556 DT denotes that
T6736 22568-22572 NN denotes dish
T6737 22557-22567 JJ denotes particular
T6738 22573-22574 -LRB- denotes (
T6739 22574-22575 NN denotes S
T6740 22575-22576 SYM denotes -
T6741 22576-22577 -RRB- denotes )
T6742 22577-22578 . denotes .
T6743 22578-22742 sentence denotes The sand was scented by adding 0.80 grams of either cinnamon or dill weed to 98.8 grams of autoclaved playground sand purchased from a local farm and garden store.
T6744 22579-22582 DT denotes The
T6745 22583-22587 NN denotes sand
T6746 22592-22599 VBN denotes scented
T6747 22588-22591 VBD denotes was
T6748 22600-22602 IN denotes by
T6749 22603-22609 VBG denotes adding
T6750 22610-22614 CD denotes 0.80
T6751 22615-22620 NNS denotes grams
T6752 22621-22623 IN denotes of
T6753 22624-22630 CC denotes either
T6754 22631-22639 NN denotes cinnamon
T6755 22640-22642 CC denotes or
T6756 22643-22647 NN denotes dill
T6757 22648-22652 NN denotes weed
T6758 22653-22655 IN denotes to
T6759 22656-22660 CD denotes 98.8
T6760 22661-22666 NNS denotes grams
T6761 22667-22669 IN denotes of
T6762 22670-22680 JJ denotes autoclaved
T6763 22692-22696 NN denotes sand
T6764 22681-22691 NN denotes playground
T6765 22697-22706 VBN denotes purchased
T6766 22707-22711 IN denotes from
T6767 22712-22713 DT denotes a
T6768 22736-22741 NN denotes store
T6769 22714-22719 JJ denotes local
T6770 22720-22724 NN denotes farm
T6771 22725-22728 CC denotes and
T6772 22729-22735 NN denotes garden
T6773 22741-22742 . denotes .
T6774 22742-22889 sentence denotes Finally, 0.40 grams of finely ground food was mixed with the scented sand in order to mask any odor emitted by the food reinforcer in the S+ dish.
T6775 22743-22750 RB denotes Finally
T6776 22789-22794 VBN denotes mixed
T6777 22750-22752 , denotes ,
T6778 22752-22756 CD denotes 0.40
T6779 22757-22762 NNS denotes grams
T6780 22763-22765 IN denotes of
T6781 22766-22772 RB denotes finely
T6782 22773-22779 VBN denotes ground
T6783 22780-22784 NN denotes food
T6784 22785-22788 VBD denotes was
T6785 22795-22799 IN denotes with
T6786 22800-22803 DT denotes the
T6787 22812-22816 NN denotes sand
T6788 22804-22811 VBN denotes scented
T6789 22817-22819 IN denotes in
T6790 22820-22825 NN denotes order
T6791 22826-22828 TO denotes to
T6792 22829-22833 VB denotes mask
T6793 22834-22837 DT denotes any
T6794 22838-22842 NN denotes odor
T6795 22843-22850 VBN denotes emitted
T6796 22851-22853 IN denotes by
T6797 22854-22857 DT denotes the
T6798 22863-22873 NN denotes reinforcer
T6799 22858-22862 NN denotes food
T6800 22874-22876 IN denotes in
T6801 22877-22880 DT denotes the
T6802 22884-22888 NN denotes dish
T6803 22881-22882 NN denotes S
T6804 22882-22883 SYM denotes +
T6805 22888-22889 . denotes .
T6806 22889-22956 sentence denotes This final mixture did not appear to be palatable to the subjects.
T6807 22890-22894 DT denotes This
T6808 22901-22908 NN denotes mixture
T6809 22895-22900 JJ denotes final
T6810 22917-22923 VB denotes appear
T6811 22909-22912 VBD denotes did
T6812 22913-22916 RB denotes not
T6813 22924-22926 TO denotes to
T6814 22927-22929 VB denotes be
T6815 22930-22939 JJ denotes palatable
T6816 22940-22942 IN denotes to
T6817 22943-22946 DT denotes the
T6818 22947-22955 NNS denotes subjects
T6819 22955-22956 . denotes .
T6820 22956-23086 sentence denotes A trial terminated when the mouse: dug in the correct dish and consumed the hidden pellet, or began to dig in the incorrect dish.
T6821 22957-22958 DT denotes A
T6822 22959-22964 NN denotes trial
T6823 22965-22975 VBN denotes terminated
T6824 22976-22980 WRB denotes when
T6825 22992-22995 VBD denotes dug
T6826 22981-22984 DT denotes the
T6827 22985-22990 NN denotes mouse
T6828 22990-22992 : denotes :
T6829 22996-22998 IN denotes in
T6830 22999-23002 DT denotes the
T6831 23011-23015 NN denotes dish
T6832 23003-23010 JJ denotes correct
T6833 23016-23019 CC denotes and
T6834 23020-23028 VBD denotes consumed
T6835 23029-23032 DT denotes the
T6836 23040-23046 NN denotes pellet
T6837 23033-23039 JJ denotes hidden
T6838 23046-23048 , denotes ,
T6839 23048-23050 CC denotes or
T6840 23051-23056 VBD denotes began
T6841 23057-23059 TO denotes to
T6842 23060-23063 VB denotes dig
T6843 23064-23066 IN denotes in
T6844 23067-23070 DT denotes the
T6845 23081-23085 NN denotes dish
T6846 23071-23080 JJ denotes incorrect
T6847 23085-23086 . denotes .
T6848 23086-23182 sentence denotes Digging was considered the actual physical displacement of sand with the forepaws and/or snout.
T6849 23087-23094 VBG denotes Digging
T6850 23099-23109 VBN denotes considered
T6851 23095-23098 VBD denotes was
T6852 23110-23113 DT denotes the
T6853 23130-23142 NN denotes displacement
T6854 23114-23120 JJ denotes actual
T6855 23121-23129 JJ denotes physical
T6856 23143-23145 IN denotes of
T6857 23146-23150 NN denotes sand
T6858 23151-23155 IN denotes with
T6859 23156-23159 DT denotes the
T6860 23160-23168 NNS denotes forepaws
T6861 23169-23172 CC denotes and
T6862 23172-23173 HYPH denotes /
T6863 23173-23175 CC denotes or
T6864 23176-23181 NN denotes snout
T6865 23181-23182 . denotes .
T6866 23182-23297 sentence denotes Placing forelimbs on either of the dishes and sniffing was not considered digging and was not penalized or scored.
T6867 23183-23190 VBG denotes Placing
T6868 23246-23256 VBN denotes considered
T6869 23191-23200 NNS denotes forelimbs
T6870 23201-23203 IN denotes on
T6871 23204-23210 DT denotes either
T6872 23211-23213 IN denotes of
T6873 23214-23217 DT denotes the
T6874 23218-23224 NNS denotes dishes
T6875 23225-23228 CC denotes and
T6876 23229-23237 VBG denotes sniffing
T6877 23238-23241 VBD denotes was
T6878 23242-23245 RB denotes not
T6879 23257-23264 NN denotes digging
T6880 23265-23268 CC denotes and
T6881 23269-23272 VBD denotes was
T6882 23277-23286 VBN denotes penalized
T6883 23273-23276 RB denotes not
T6884 23287-23289 CC denotes or
T6885 23290-23296 VBN denotes scored
T6886 23296-23297 . denotes .
T6887 23297-23372 sentence denotes Each completed trial was separated by a 20-sec inter-trial-interval (ITI).
T6888 23298-23302 DT denotes Each
T6889 23313-23318 NN denotes trial
T6890 23303-23312 JJ denotes completed
T6891 23323-23332 VBN denotes separated
T6892 23319-23322 VBD denotes was
T6893 23333-23335 IN denotes by
T6894 23336-23337 DT denotes a
T6895 23341-23344 NN denotes sec
T6896 23338-23340 CD denotes 20
T6897 23340-23341 HYPH denotes -
T6898 23345-23356 NN denotes inter-trial
T6899 23357-23365 NN denotes interval
T6900 23356-23357 HYPH denotes -
T6901 23366-23367 -LRB- denotes (
T6902 23367-23370 NN denotes ITI
T6903 23370-23371 -RRB- denotes )
T6904 23371-23372 . denotes .
T6905 23372-23599 sentence denotes Preliminary experiments demonstrated that an extended time-out period following an incorrect response was not required to ensure goal-directed behavior in the wild-type or mutant mice for this particular task (data not shown).
T6906 23373-23384 JJ denotes Preliminary
T6907 23385-23396 NNS denotes experiments
T6908 23397-23409 VBD denotes demonstrated
T6909 23410-23414 IN denotes that
T6910 23483-23491 VBN denotes required
T6911 23415-23417 DT denotes an
T6912 23436-23442 NN denotes period
T6913 23418-23426 VBN denotes extended
T6914 23427-23431 NN denotes time
T6915 23431-23432 HYPH denotes -
T6916 23432-23435 RP denotes out
T6917 23443-23452 VBG denotes following
T6918 23453-23455 DT denotes an
T6919 23466-23474 NN denotes response
T6920 23456-23465 JJ denotes incorrect
T6921 23475-23478 VBD denotes was
T6922 23479-23482 RB denotes not
T6923 23492-23494 TO denotes to
T6924 23495-23501 VB denotes ensure
T6925 23502-23506 NN denotes goal
T6926 23507-23515 VBN denotes directed
T6927 23506-23507 HYPH denotes -
T6928 23516-23524 NN denotes behavior
T6929 23525-23527 IN denotes in
T6930 23528-23531 DT denotes the
T6931 23552-23556 NNS denotes mice
T6932 23532-23536 JJ denotes wild
T6933 23537-23541 NN denotes type
T6934 23536-23537 HYPH denotes -
T6935 23542-23544 CC denotes or
T6936 23545-23551 JJ denotes mutant
T6937 23557-23560 IN denotes for
T6938 23561-23565 DT denotes this
T6939 23577-23581 NN denotes task
T6940 23566-23576 JJ denotes particular
T6941 23582-23583 -LRB- denotes (
T6942 23592-23597 VBN denotes shown
T6943 23583-23587 NNS denotes data
T6944 23588-23591 RB denotes not
T6945 23597-23598 -RRB- denotes )
T6946 23598-23599 . denotes .
T6947 23599-23688 sentence denotes Therefore, the 20-sec ITI was used to separate all trials (successful and unsuccessful).
T6948 23600-23609 RB denotes Therefore
T6949 23630-23634 VBN denotes used
T6950 23609-23611 , denotes ,
T6951 23611-23614 DT denotes the
T6952 23622-23625 NN denotes ITI
T6953 23615-23617 CD denotes 20
T6954 23618-23621 NN denotes sec
T6955 23617-23618 HYPH denotes -
T6956 23626-23629 VBD denotes was
T6957 23635-23637 TO denotes to
T6958 23638-23646 VB denotes separate
T6959 23647-23650 DT denotes all
T6960 23651-23657 NNS denotes trials
T6961 23658-23659 -LRB- denotes (
T6962 23659-23669 JJ denotes successful
T6963 23670-23673 CC denotes and
T6964 23674-23686 JJ denotes unsuccessful
T6965 23686-23687 -RRB- denotes )
T6966 23687-23688 . denotes .
T6967 23688-23849 sentence denotes The S+ and S- scents were counterbalanced across subjects in order to control for potential scent bias (pilot data suggest there are no biases, data not shown).
T6968 23689-23692 DT denotes The
T6969 23703-23709 NNS denotes scents
T6970 23693-23694 NN denotes S
T6971 23694-23695 SYM denotes +
T6972 23696-23699 CC denotes and
T6973 23700-23701 NN denotes S
T6974 23701-23702 SYM denotes -
T6975 23715-23730 VBN denotes counterbalanced
T6976 23710-23714 VBD denotes were
T6977 23731-23737 IN denotes across
T6978 23738-23746 NNS denotes subjects
T6979 23747-23749 IN denotes in
T6980 23750-23755 NN denotes order
T6981 23756-23758 TO denotes to
T6982 23759-23766 VB denotes control
T6983 23767-23770 IN denotes for
T6984 23771-23780 JJ denotes potential
T6985 23787-23791 NN denotes bias
T6986 23781-23786 JJ denotes scent
T6987 23792-23793 -LRB- denotes (
T6988 23842-23847 VBN denotes shown
T6989 23793-23798 NN denotes pilot
T6990 23799-23803 NNS denotes data
T6991 23804-23811 VBP denotes suggest
T6992 23812-23817 EX denotes there
T6993 23818-23821 VBP denotes are
T6994 23822-23824 DT denotes no
T6995 23825-23831 NNS denotes biases
T6996 23831-23833 , denotes ,
T6997 23833-23837 NNS denotes data
T6998 23838-23841 RB denotes not
T6999 23847-23848 -RRB- denotes )
T7000 23848-23849 . denotes .
T7001 23849-23969 sentence denotes Following accurate discrimination, defined as 8 correct retrievals across 10 consecutive trials, reversal trials began.
T7002 23850-23859 VBG denotes Following
T7003 23963-23968 VBD denotes began
T7004 23860-23868 JJ denotes accurate
T7005 23869-23883 NN denotes discrimination
T7006 23883-23885 , denotes ,
T7007 23885-23892 VBN denotes defined
T7008 23893-23895 IN denotes as
T7009 23896-23897 CD denotes 8
T7010 23906-23916 NNS denotes retrievals
T7011 23898-23905 JJ denotes correct
T7012 23917-23923 IN denotes across
T7013 23924-23926 CD denotes 10
T7014 23939-23945 NNS denotes trials
T7015 23927-23938 JJ denotes consecutive
T7016 23945-23947 , denotes ,
T7017 23947-23955 NN denotes reversal
T7018 23956-23962 NNS denotes trials
T7019 23968-23969 . denotes .
T7020 23969-24000 sentence denotes Reversal learning measurement
T7021 23971-23979 NN denotes Reversal
T7022 23980-23988 NN denotes learning
T7023 23989-24000 NN denotes measurement
T7024 24000-24235 sentence denotes We next investigated the contribution of dopamine D2Rs to reversal learning behavior by inverting the reinforcement contingencies – now the former S+ signaled no reinforcer and the previous S- now indicated reinforcement availability.
T7025 24001-24003 PRP denotes We
T7026 24009-24021 VBD denotes investigated
T7027 24004-24008 RB denotes next
T7028 24151-24159 VBD denotes signaled
T7029 24022-24025 DT denotes the
T7030 24026-24038 NN denotes contribution
T7031 24039-24041 IN denotes of
T7032 24042-24050 NN denotes dopamine
T7033 24051-24055 NNS denotes D2Rs
T7034 24056-24058 IN denotes to
T7035 24059-24067 NN denotes reversal
T7036 24068-24076 NN denotes learning
T7037 24077-24085 NN denotes behavior
T7038 24086-24088 IN denotes by
T7039 24089-24098 VBG denotes inverting
T7040 24099-24102 DT denotes the
T7041 24117-24130 NNS denotes contingencies
T7042 24103-24116 NN denotes reinforcement
T7043 24131-24132 : denotes –
T7044 24133-24136 RB denotes now
T7045 24137-24140 DT denotes the
T7046 24148-24149 NN denotes S
T7047 24141-24147 JJ denotes former
T7048 24149-24150 SYM denotes +
T7049 24160-24162 DT denotes no
T7050 24163-24173 NN denotes reinforcer
T7051 24174-24177 CC denotes and
T7052 24178-24181 DT denotes the
T7053 24191-24192 NN denotes S
T7054 24182-24190 JJ denotes previous
T7055 24198-24207 VBD denotes indicated
T7056 24192-24193 SYM denotes -
T7057 24194-24197 RB denotes now
T7058 24208-24221 NN denotes reinforcement
T7059 24222-24234 NN denotes availability
T7060 24234-24235 . denotes .
T7061 24235-24365 sentence denotes This manipulation permits an evaluation of the ability to inhibit responses to previously reinforced discriminative stimuli [18].
T7062 24236-24240 DT denotes This
T7063 24241-24253 NN denotes manipulation
T7064 24254-24261 VBZ denotes permits
T7065 24262-24264 DT denotes an
T7066 24265-24275 NN denotes evaluation
T7067 24276-24278 IN denotes of
T7068 24279-24282 DT denotes the
T7069 24283-24290 NN denotes ability
T7070 24291-24293 TO denotes to
T7071 24294-24301 VB denotes inhibit
T7072 24302-24311 NNS denotes responses
T7073 24312-24314 IN denotes to
T7074 24315-24325 RB denotes previously
T7075 24326-24336 VBN denotes reinforced
T7076 24352-24359 NNS denotes stimuli
T7077 24337-24351 JJ denotes discriminative
T7078 24360-24361 -LRB- denotes [
T7079 24361-24363 CD denotes 18
T7080 24363-24364 -RRB- denotes ]
T7081 24364-24365 . denotes .
T7082 24365-24492 sentence denotes The number of trials necessary to establish 8 out of 10 accurate responses was our definition of successful reversal learning.
T7083 24366-24369 DT denotes The
T7084 24370-24376 NN denotes number
T7085 24441-24444 VBD denotes was
T7086 24377-24379 IN denotes of
T7087 24380-24386 NNS denotes trials
T7088 24387-24396 JJ denotes necessary
T7089 24397-24399 TO denotes to
T7090 24400-24409 VB denotes establish
T7091 24410-24411 CD denotes 8
T7092 24431-24440 NNS denotes responses
T7093 24412-24415 IN denotes out
T7094 24416-24418 IN denotes of
T7095 24419-24421 CD denotes 10
T7096 24422-24430 JJ denotes accurate
T7097 24445-24448 PRP$ denotes our
T7098 24449-24459 NN denotes definition
T7099 24460-24462 IN denotes of
T7100 24463-24473 JJ denotes successful
T7101 24483-24491 NN denotes learning
T7102 24474-24482 NN denotes reversal
T7103 24491-24492 . denotes .
T7118 24494-24498 NN denotes Data
T7119 24499-24507 NN denotes analysis
T7120 24507-24767 sentence denotes The latency to retrieve a pellet from an empty dish, the latency to dig through a dish filled with unscented sand, and the number of errors of commission committed across the reversal sessions were analyzed with 2-way analyses of variance (genotype × trials).
T7121 24508-24511 DT denotes The
T7122 24512-24519 NN denotes latency
T7123 24706-24714 VBN denotes analyzed
T7124 24520-24522 TO denotes to
T7125 24523-24531 VB denotes retrieve
T7126 24532-24533 DT denotes a
T7127 24534-24540 NN denotes pellet
T7128 24541-24545 IN denotes from
T7129 24546-24548 DT denotes an
T7130 24555-24559 NN denotes dish
T7131 24549-24554 JJ denotes empty
T7132 24559-24561 , denotes ,
T7133 24561-24564 DT denotes the
T7134 24565-24572 NN denotes latency
T7135 24573-24575 TO denotes to
T7136 24576-24579 VB denotes dig
T7137 24580-24587 IN denotes through
T7138 24588-24589 DT denotes a
T7139 24590-24594 NN denotes dish
T7140 24595-24601 VBN denotes filled
T7141 24602-24606 IN denotes with
T7142 24607-24616 JJ denotes unscented
T7143 24617-24621 NN denotes sand
T7144 24621-24623 , denotes ,
T7145 24623-24626 CC denotes and
T7146 24627-24630 DT denotes the
T7147 24631-24637 NN denotes number
T7148 24638-24640 IN denotes of
T7149 24641-24647 NNS denotes errors
T7150 24648-24650 IN denotes of
T7151 24651-24661 NN denotes commission
T7152 24662-24671 VBN denotes committed
T7153 24672-24678 IN denotes across
T7154 24679-24682 DT denotes the
T7155 24692-24700 NNS denotes sessions
T7156 24683-24691 NN denotes reversal
T7157 24701-24705 VBD denotes were
T7158 24715-24719 IN denotes with
T7159 24720-24721 CD denotes 2
T7160 24722-24725 NN denotes way
T7161 24721-24722 HYPH denotes -
T7162 24726-24734 NNS denotes analyses
T7163 24735-24737 IN denotes of
T7164 24738-24746 NN denotes variance
T7165 24747-24748 -LRB- denotes (
T7166 24759-24765 NNS denotes trials
T7167 24748-24756 NN denotes genotype
T7168 24757-24758 SYM denotes ×
T7169 24765-24766 -RRB- denotes )
T7170 24766-24767 . denotes .
T7171 24767-25114 sentence denotes The number of trials necessary to attain criterion performance in odor discrimination (8 correct responses across 10 consecutive trials) and errors committed while learning the discrimination tasks were separated as individual testing phases (e.g. odor discrimination and reversal learning) and analyzed separately with unpaired 2-tailed t-tests.
T7172 24768-24771 DT denotes The
T7173 24772-24778 NN denotes number
T7174 24971-24980 VBN denotes separated
T7175 24779-24781 IN denotes of
T7176 24782-24788 NNS denotes trials
T7177 24789-24798 JJ denotes necessary
T7178 24799-24801 TO denotes to
T7179 24802-24808 VB denotes attain
T7180 24809-24818 NN denotes criterion
T7181 24819-24830 NN denotes performance
T7182 24831-24833 IN denotes in
T7183 24834-24838 NN denotes odor
T7184 24839-24853 NN denotes discrimination
T7185 24854-24855 -LRB- denotes (
T7186 24865-24874 NNS denotes responses
T7187 24855-24856 CD denotes 8
T7188 24857-24864 JJ denotes correct
T7189 24875-24881 IN denotes across
T7190 24882-24884 CD denotes 10
T7191 24897-24903 NNS denotes trials
T7192 24885-24896 JJ denotes consecutive
T7193 24903-24904 -RRB- denotes )
T7194 24905-24908 CC denotes and
T7195 24909-24915 NNS denotes errors
T7196 24916-24925 VBN denotes committed
T7197 24926-24931 IN denotes while
T7198 24932-24940 VBG denotes learning
T7199 24941-24944 DT denotes the
T7200 24960-24965 NNS denotes tasks
T7201 24945-24959 NN denotes discrimination
T7202 24966-24970 VBD denotes were
T7203 24981-24983 IN denotes as
T7204 24984-24994 JJ denotes individual
T7205 25003-25009 NNS denotes phases
T7206 24995-25002 NN denotes testing
T7207 25010-25011 -LRB- denotes (
T7208 25021-25035 NN denotes discrimination
T7209 25011-25015 FW denotes e.g.
T7210 25016-25020 NN denotes odor
T7211 25036-25039 CC denotes and
T7212 25040-25048 NN denotes reversal
T7213 25049-25057 NN denotes learning
T7214 25057-25058 -RRB- denotes )
T7215 25059-25062 CC denotes and
T7216 25063-25071 VBN denotes analyzed
T7217 25072-25082 RB denotes separately
T7218 25083-25087 IN denotes with
T7219 25088-25096 JJ denotes unpaired
T7220 25108-25113 NNS denotes tests
T7221 25097-25098 CD denotes 2
T7222 25099-25105 JJ denotes tailed
T7223 25098-25099 HYPH denotes -
T7224 25106-25107 NN denotes t
T7225 25107-25108 HYPH denotes -
T7226 25113-25114 . denotes .
T7227 25114-25156 sentence denotes Significance was established at p < 0.05.
T7228 25115-25127 NN denotes Significance
T7229 25132-25143 VBN denotes established
T7230 25128-25131 VBD denotes was
T7231 25144-25146 IN denotes at
T7232 25147-25148 NN denotes p
T7233 25149-25150 SYM denotes <
T7234 25151-25155 CD denotes 0.05
T7235 25155-25156 . denotes .
T7236 25156-25376 sentence denotes Errors committed during reversal trials were further categorically separated as errors of commission (failing to withhold responding to S-) and errors of omission (failing to dig in either dish after 3-min had expired).
T7237 25157-25163 NNS denotes Errors
T7238 25224-25233 VBN denotes separated
T7239 25164-25173 VBN denotes committed
T7240 25174-25180 IN denotes during
T7241 25181-25189 NN denotes reversal
T7242 25190-25196 NNS denotes trials
T7243 25197-25201 VBD denotes were
T7244 25202-25209 RB denotes further
T7245 25210-25223 RB denotes categorically
T7246 25234-25236 IN denotes as
T7247 25237-25243 NNS denotes errors
T7248 25244-25246 IN denotes of
T7249 25247-25257 NN denotes commission
T7250 25258-25259 -LRB- denotes (
T7251 25259-25266 VBG denotes failing
T7252 25267-25269 TO denotes to
T7253 25270-25278 VB denotes withhold
T7254 25279-25289 VBG denotes responding
T7255 25290-25292 IN denotes to
T7256 25293-25294 NN denotes S
T7257 25294-25295 SYM denotes -
T7258 25295-25296 -RRB- denotes )
T7259 25297-25300 CC denotes and
T7260 25301-25307 NNS denotes errors
T7261 25308-25310 IN denotes of
T7262 25311-25319 NN denotes omission
T7263 25320-25321 -LRB- denotes (
T7264 25321-25328 VBG denotes failing
T7265 25329-25331 TO denotes to
T7266 25332-25335 VB denotes dig
T7267 25336-25338 IN denotes in
T7268 25339-25345 DT denotes either
T7269 25346-25350 NN denotes dish
T7270 25351-25356 IN denotes after
T7271 25367-25374 VBN denotes expired
T7272 25357-25358 CD denotes 3
T7273 25359-25362 NN denotes min
T7274 25358-25359 HYPH denotes -
T7275 25363-25366 VBD denotes had
T7276 25374-25375 -RRB- denotes )
T7277 25375-25376 . denotes .
T7278 25376-25550 sentence denotes Categorical errors and number of commission errors committed during the first reversal learning session were analyzed between groups with nonparametric Mann-Whitney U tests.
T7279 25377-25388 JJ denotes Categorical
T7280 25389-25395 NNS denotes errors
T7281 25486-25494 VBN denotes analyzed
T7282 25396-25399 CC denotes and
T7283 25400-25406 NN denotes number
T7284 25407-25409 IN denotes of
T7285 25410-25420 NN denotes commission
T7286 25421-25427 NNS denotes errors
T7287 25428-25437 VBN denotes committed
T7288 25438-25444 IN denotes during
T7289 25445-25448 DT denotes the
T7290 25473-25480 NN denotes session
T7291 25449-25454 JJ denotes first
T7292 25455-25463 NN denotes reversal
T7293 25464-25472 NN denotes learning
T7294 25481-25485 VBD denotes were
T7295 25495-25502 IN denotes between
T7296 25503-25509 NNS denotes groups
T7297 25510-25514 IN denotes with
T7298 25515-25528 JJ denotes nonparametric
T7299 25544-25549 NNS denotes tests
T7300 25529-25533 NNP denotes Mann
T7301 25534-25541 NNP denotes Whitney
T7302 25533-25534 HYPH denotes -
T7303 25542-25543 NN denotes U
T7304 25549-25550 . denotes .
T2413 6458-6462 JJ denotes Wild
T2414 6463-6467 NN denotes type
T2415 6462-6463 HYPH denotes -
T2416 6468-6472 NNS denotes mice
T2417 6473-6483 VBP denotes outperform
T2418 6484-6487 NN denotes D2R
T2419 6491-6495 NNS denotes mice
T2420 6487-6488 SYM denotes -
T2421 6488-6489 HYPH denotes /
T2422 6489-6490 SYM denotes -
T2423 6496-6498 IN denotes in
T2424 6499-6501 DT denotes an
T2425 6548-6552 NN denotes task
T2426 6502-6506 NN denotes odor
T2427 6507-6513 VBN denotes driven
T2428 6506-6507 HYPH denotes -
T2802 7457-7464 VBG denotes digging
T4546 12039-12044 JJ denotes motor
T5710 18446-18458 JJ denotes motivational
T5711 18459-18461 CC denotes or
T5712 18462-18469 JJ denotes sensory
T5713 18481-18482 . denotes .
T5714 18482-18661 sentence denotes We therefore argue that D2Rs participate in signaling or alerting the organism of learning contingency changes during reversal learning and sculpt ongoing goal-directed behavior.
T5715 18483-18485 PRP denotes We
T5716 18496-18501 VBP denotes argue
T5717 18486-18495 RB denotes therefore
T5718 18502-18506 IN denotes that
T5719 18512-18523 VBP denotes participate
T5720 18507-18511 NNS denotes D2Rs
T5721 18524-18526 IN denotes in
T5722 18527-18536 VBG denotes signaling
T5723 18537-18539 CC denotes or
T5724 18540-18548 VBG denotes alerting
T5725 18549-18552 DT denotes the
T5726 18553-18561 NN denotes organism
T5727 18562-18564 IN denotes of
T5728 18565-18573 NN denotes learning
T5729 18574-18585 NN denotes contingency
T5730 18586-18593 NNS denotes changes
T5731 18594-18600 IN denotes during
T5732 18601-18609 NN denotes reversal
T5733 18610-18618 NN denotes learning
T5734 18619-18622 CC denotes and
T5735 18623-18629 VBP denotes sculpt
T5736 18630-18637 JJ denotes ongoing
T5737 18652-18660 NN denotes behavior
T5738 18638-18642 NN denotes goal
T5739 18643-18651 VBN denotes directed
T5740 18642-18643 HYPH denotes -
T5741 18660-18661 . denotes .
R405 T1116 T1117 npadvmod Reinforcement,mediated
R406 T1117 T1119 amod mediated,learning
R407 T1118 T1117 punct -,mediated
R408 T1119 T1121 nsubjpass learning,divided
R409 T1120 T1119 amod associative,learning
R410 T1122 T1119 punct ", ",learning
R411 T1123 T1119 cc or,learning
R412 T1124 T1125 det the,ability
R413 T1125 T1119 conj ability,learning
R414 T1126 T1127 aux to,ascribe
R415 T1127 T1125 acl ascribe,ability
R416 T1128 T1129 amod deterministic,relationships
R417 T1129 T1127 dobj relationships,ascribe
R418 T1130 T1129 prep between,relationships
R419 T1131 T1132 amod environmental,stimuli
R420 T1132 T1130 pobj stimuli,between
R421 T1133 T1134 dep that,signal
R422 T1134 T1132 relcl signal,stimuli
R423 T1135 T1136 det the,probability
R424 T1136 T1134 dobj probability,signal
R425 T1137 T1136 prep of,probability
R426 T1138 T1137 pcomp receiving,of
R427 T1139 T1140 det a,reinforcer
R428 T1140 T1138 dobj reinforcer,receiving
R429 T1141 T1140 amod primary,reinforcer
R430 T1142 T1140 punct (,reinforcer
R431 T1143 T1144 advmod e.g.,food
R432 T1144 T1140 appos food,reinforcer
R433 T1145 T1140 punct ),reinforcer
R434 T1146 T1121 punct ", ",divided
R435 T1147 T1121 aux has,divided
R436 T1148 T1121 auxpass been,divided
R437 T1149 T1121 prep into,divided
R438 T1150 T1151 nummod 3,components
R439 T1151 T1149 pobj components,into
R440 T1152 T1151 cc or,components
R441 T1153 T1151 conj stages,components
R442 T1154 T1155 punct [,1
R443 T1155 T1121 parataxis 1,divided
R444 T1156 T1155 punct ],1
R445 T1157 T1121 punct .,divided
R446 T1159 T1160 det The,stage
R447 T1160 T1164 nsubj stage,is
R448 T1161 T1160 amod first,stage
R449 T1162 T1160 punct ", ",stage
R450 T1163 T1160 amod unlearned,stage
R451 T1165 T1166 det the,organism
R452 T1166 T1167 poss organism,experience
R453 T1167 T1164 attr experience,is
R454 T1168 T1166 case 's,organism
R455 T1169 T1167 prep with,experience
R456 T1170 T1171 det a,reinforcer
R457 T1171 T1169 pobj reinforcer,with
R458 T1172 T1171 amod primary,reinforcer
R459 T1173 T1174 dep that,elicits
R460 T1174 T1171 relcl elicits,reinforcer
R461 T1175 T1176 det some,response
R462 T1176 T1174 dobj response,elicits
R463 T1177 T1178 amod unlearned,innate
R464 T1178 T1176 amod innate,response
R465 T1179 T1178 punct /,innate
R466 T1180 T1176 amod physiological,response
R467 T1181 T1176 punct (,response
R468 T1182 T1183 advmod e.g.,palatability
R469 T1183 T1176 appos palatability,response
R470 T1184 T1183 prep of,palatability
R471 T1185 T1186 det a,food
R472 T1186 T1184 pobj food,of
R473 T1187 T1183 cc or,palatability
R474 T1188 T1183 conj satiety,palatability
R475 T1189 T1176 punct ),response
R476 T1190 T1164 punct .,is
R477 T1192 T1193 det The,phase
R478 T1193 T1195 nsubj phase,involves
R479 T1194 T1193 amod second,phase
R480 T1196 T1197 det the,attachment
R481 T1197 T1195 dobj attachment,involves
R482 T1198 T1197 prep of,attachment
R483 T1199 T1198 pobj salience,of
R484 T1200 T1197 prep to,attachment
R485 T1201 T1202 amod external,stimuli
R486 T1202 T1200 pobj stimuli,to
R487 T1203 T1202 punct (,stimuli
R488 T1204 T1205 amod discriminative,stimuli
R489 T1205 T1202 appos stimuli,stimuli
R490 T1206 T1202 punct ),stimuli
R491 T1207 T1208 dep that,signal
R492 T1208 T1202 relcl signal,stimuli
R493 T1209 T1210 mark whether,will
R494 T1210 T1208 ccomp will,signal
R495 T1211 T1212 det the,delivery
R496 T1212 T1210 nsubj delivery,will
R497 T1213 T1212 prep of,delivery
R498 T1214 T1215 det a,reinforcer
R499 T1215 T1213 pobj reinforcer,of
R500 T1216 T1215 amod primary,reinforcer
R501 T1217 T1210 cc or,will
R502 T1218 T1210 conj will,will
R503 T1219 T1218 neg not,will
R504 T1220 T1218 dep occur,will
R505 T1221 T1208 prep based,signal
R506 T1222 T1221 prep on,based
R507 T1223 T1224 det some,behavior
R508 T1224 T1222 pobj behavior,on
R509 T1225 T1224 amod emitted,behavior
R510 T1226 T1227 punct (,presses
R511 T1227 T1224 parataxis presses,behavior
R512 T1228 T1227 advmod e.g.,presses
R513 T1229 T1230 det a,rodent
R514 T1230 T1227 nsubj rodent,presses
R515 T1231 T1227 dep lever,presses
R516 T1232 T1227 prep for,presses
R517 T1233 T1234 compound food,pellets
R518 T1234 T1232 pobj pellets,for
R519 T1235 T1236 advmod only,illuminated
R520 T1236 T1227 advcl illuminated,presses
R521 T1237 T1236 advmod when,illuminated
R522 T1238 T1239 det a,light
R523 T1239 T1236 nsubjpass light,illuminated
R524 T1240 T1239 compound stimulus,light
R525 T1241 T1236 auxpass is,illuminated
R526 T1242 T1236 prep in,illuminated
R527 T1243 T1244 det an,chamber
R528 T1244 T1242 pobj chamber,in
R529 T1245 T1244 compound operant,chamber
R530 T1246 T1227 punct ),presses
R531 T1247 T1195 punct .,involves
R532 T1249 T1250 advmod Finally,is
R533 T1251 T1250 punct ", ",is
R534 T1252 T1250 expl there,is
R535 T1253 T1254 det the,maintenance
R536 T1254 T1250 attr maintenance,is
R537 T1255 T1254 prep of,maintenance
R538 T1256 T1257 amod associative,learning
R539 T1257 T1258 compound learning,relationships
R540 T1258 T1255 pobj relationships,of
R541 T1259 T1254 prep over,maintenance
R542 T1260 T1259 pobj time,over
R543 T1261 T1262 punct (,signifies
R544 T1262 T1250 parataxis signifies,is
R545 T1263 T1264 det a,light
R546 T1264 T1262 nsubj light,signifies
R547 T1265 T1264 compound stimulus,light
R548 T1266 T1262 advmod always,signifies
R549 T1267 T1268 det a,pellet
R550 T1268 T1270 nsubj pellet,is
R551 T1269 T1268 compound food,pellet
R552 T1270 T1262 advcl is,signifies
R553 T1271 T1270 acomp available,is
R554 T1272 T1273 amod subsequent,to
R555 T1273 T1270 prep to,is
R556 T1274 T1275 det a,press
R557 T1275 T1273 pobj press,to
R558 T1276 T1275 compound lever,press
R559 T1277 T1262 punct ),signifies
R560 T1278 T1279 punct [,see
R561 T1279 T1250 parataxis see,is
R562 T1280 T1281 nmod refs.,2
R563 T1281 T1279 dobj 2,see
R564 T1282 T1281 punct [,2
R565 T1283 T1281 nummod 1,2
R566 T1284 T1281 punct ",",2
R567 T1285 T1281 punct ],2
R568 T1286 T1279 prep for,see
R569 T1287 T1286 pobj review,for
R570 T1288 T1279 punct ],see
R571 T1289 T1250 punct .,is
R572 T1291 T1292 nsubj Berridge,proposed
R573 T1293 T1291 cc and,Berridge
R574 T1294 T1291 conj Robinson,Berridge
R575 T1295 T1296 punct [,1
R576 T1296 T1294 parataxis 1,Robinson
R577 T1297 T1296 punct ],1
R578 T1298 T1292 aux have,proposed
R579 T1299 T1300 mark that,plays
R580 T1300 T1292 ccomp plays,proposed
R581 T1301 T1300 nsubj dopamine,plays
R582 T1302 T1303 det a,role
R583 T1303 T1300 dobj role,plays
R584 T1304 T1303 amod pivotal,role
R585 T1305 T1300 prep in,plays
R586 T1306 T1307 det the,phase
R587 T1307 T1305 pobj phase,in
R588 T1308 T1307 amod second,phase
R589 T1309 T1307 prep of,phase
R590 T1310 T1311 npadvmod reinforcement,mediated
R591 T1311 T1313 amod mediated,learning
R592 T1312 T1311 punct -,mediated
R593 T1313 T1309 pobj learning,of
R594 T1314 T1313 amod associative,learning
R595 T1315 T1300 prep by,plays
R596 T1316 T1315 pcomp molding,by
R597 T1317 T1318 det the,salience
R598 T1318 T1316 dobj salience,molding
R599 T1319 T1318 punct """",salience
R600 T1320 T1318 compound incentive,salience
R601 T1321 T1318 punct """",salience
R602 T1322 T1318 cc or,salience
R603 T1323 T1324 amod learned,properties
R604 T1324 T1318 conj properties,salience
R605 T1325 T1324 amod motivational,properties
R606 T1326 T1318 prep of,salience
R607 T1327 T1328 amod conditioned,stimuli
R608 T1328 T1326 pobj stimuli,of
R609 T1329 T1292 punct .,proposed
R610 T1331 T1332 prep In,are
R611 T1333 T1331 pobj support,In
R612 T1334 T1333 prep of,support
R613 T1335 T1336 det this,view
R614 T1336 T1334 pobj view,of
R615 T1337 T1338 amod several,studies
R616 T1338 T1332 nsubj studies,are
R617 T1339 T1338 acl demonstrating,studies
R618 T1340 T1341 mark that,disrupt
R619 T1341 T1339 ccomp disrupt,demonstrating
R620 T1342 T1343 det the,disruption
R621 T1343 T1341 nsubj disruption,disrupt
R622 T1344 T1343 prep of,disruption
R623 T1345 T1346 compound dopamine,signaling
R624 T1346 T1344 pobj signaling,of
R625 T1347 T1343 prep via,disruption
R626 T1348 T1349 amod acute,blockade
R627 T1349 T1347 pobj blockade,via
R628 T1350 T1349 prep of,blockade
R629 T1351 T1352 compound dopamine,receptors
R630 T1352 T1350 pobj receptors,of
R631 T1353 T1349 prep with,blockade
R632 T1354 T1355 compound dopamine,receptor
R633 T1355 T1356 compound receptor,antagonists
R634 T1356 T1353 pobj antagonists,with
R635 T1357 T1358 punct [,3
R636 T1358 T1356 parataxis 3,antagonists
R637 T1359 T1360 punct -,9
R638 T1360 T1358 prep 9,3
R639 T1361 T1358 punct ],3
R640 T1362 T1356 cc or,antagonists
R641 T1363 T1364 nummod 6,OHDA
R642 T1364 T1366 compound OHDA,lesions
R643 T1365 T1364 punct -,OHDA
R644 T1366 T1356 conj lesions,antagonists
R645 T1367 T1368 punct [,11
R646 T1368 T1366 parataxis 11,lesions
R647 T1369 T1368 nummod 1,11
R648 T1370 T1368 punct ",",11
R649 T1371 T1368 nummod 10,11
R650 T1372 T1368 punct ",",11
R651 T1373 T1368 punct ],11
R652 T1374 T1341 aux do,disrupt
R653 T1375 T1341 neg not,disrupt
R654 T1376 T1341 dobj phase,disrupt
R655 T1377 T1376 nummod 1,phase
R656 T1378 T1376 punct ", ",phase
R657 T1379 T1380 det the,palatability
R658 T1380 T1376 appos palatability,phase
R659 T1381 T1380 cc or,palatability
R660 T1382 T1383 amod primary,characteristics
R661 T1383 T1380 conj characteristics,palatability
R662 T1384 T1383 amod reinforcing,characteristics
R663 T1385 T1383 prep of,characteristics
R664 T1386 T1387 det a,reinforcer
R665 T1387 T1385 pobj reinforcer,of
R666 T1388 T1387 amod natural,reinforcer
R667 T1389 T1390 punct (,palatability
R668 T1390 T1383 appos palatability,characteristics
R669 T1391 T1390 advmod e.g.,palatability
R670 T1392 T1390 punct ),palatability
R671 T1393 T1341 cc but,disrupt
R672 T1394 T1341 conj disrupt,disrupt
R673 T1395 T1394 dobj phase,disrupt
R674 T1396 T1395 nummod 2,phase
R675 T1397 T1395 punct ", ",phase
R676 T1398 T1399 det the,formation
R677 T1399 T1395 appos formation,phase
R678 T1400 T1399 prep of,formation
R679 T1401 T1402 compound incentive,salience
R680 T1402 T1400 pobj salience,of
R681 T1403 T1332 punct .,are
R682 T1405 T1406 compound Dopamine,signaling
R683 T1406 T1407 nsubjpass signaling,mediated
R684 T1408 T1407 auxpass is,mediated
R685 T1409 T1407 prep at,mediated
R686 T1410 T1411 det the,level
R687 T1411 T1409 pobj level,at
R688 T1412 T1411 amod cellular,level
R689 T1413 T1407 agent by,mediated
R690 T1414 T1415 nummod two,subclasses
R691 T1415 T1413 pobj subclasses,by
R692 T1416 T1415 amod major,subclasses
R693 T1417 T1415 prep of,subclasses
R694 T1418 T1419 compound G,protein
R695 T1419 T1421 npadvmod protein,coupled
R696 T1420 T1419 punct -,protein
R697 T1421 T1422 amod coupled,receptors
R698 T1422 T1417 pobj receptors,of
R699 T1423 T1424 dep that,referred
R700 T1424 T1415 relcl referred,subclasses
R701 T1425 T1424 auxpass are,referred
R702 T1426 T1424 prep to,referred
R703 T1427 T1424 prep as,referred
R704 T1428 T1429 npadvmod D,like
R705 T1429 T1427 amod like,as
R706 T1430 T1428 punct -,D
R707 T1431 T1428 nummod 1,D
R708 T1432 T1433 punct (,D1aR
R709 T1433 T1429 parataxis D1aR,like
R710 T1434 T1433 punct ", ",D1aR
R711 T1435 T1436 compound D1b,5R
R712 T1436 T1433 appos 5R,D1aR
R713 T1437 T1436 punct /,5R
R714 T1438 T1433 punct ),D1aR
R715 T1439 T1429 cc or,like
R716 T1440 T1441 npadvmod D,like
R717 T1441 T1429 conj like,like
R718 T1442 T1440 punct -,D
R719 T1443 T1440 nummod 2,D
R720 T1444 T1445 punct (,D4R
R721 T1445 T1441 parataxis D4R,like
R722 T1446 T1445 nmod D2R,D4R
R723 T1447 T1445 punct ", ",D4R
R724 T1448 T1445 nmod D3R,D4R
R725 T1449 T1445 punct ", ",D4R
R726 T1450 T1445 punct ),D4R
R727 T1451 T1452 punct [,13
R728 T1452 T1407 parataxis 13,mediated
R729 T1453 T1452 nummod 12,13
R730 T1454 T1452 punct ",",13
R731 T1455 T1452 punct ],13
R732 T1456 T1407 punct .,mediated
R733 T1458 T1459 mark Although,code
R734 T1459 T1462 advcl code,is
R735 T1460 T1461 amod individual,genes
R736 T1461 T1459 nsubj genes,code
R737 T1463 T1459 prep for,code
R738 T1464 T1465 det each,subtype
R739 T1465 T1463 pobj subtype,for
R740 T1466 T1467 compound dopamine,receptor
R741 T1467 T1465 compound receptor,subtype
R742 T1468 T1462 punct ", ",is
R743 T1469 T1462 expl there,is
R744 T1470 T1471 amod considerable,overlap
R745 T1471 T1462 attr overlap,is
R746 T1472 T1471 amod pharmacological,overlap
R747 T1473 T1471 prep between,overlap
R748 T1474 T1475 npadvmod D1,like
R749 T1475 T1477 amod like,receptors
R750 T1476 T1475 punct -,like
R751 T1477 T1473 pobj receptors,between
R752 T1478 T1475 cc and,like
R753 T1479 T1480 npadvmod D2,like
R754 T1480 T1475 conj like,like
R755 T1481 T1480 punct -,like
R756 T1482 T1462 punct .,is
R757 T1484 T1485 amod Several,studies
R758 T1485 T1486 nsubj studies,used
R759 T1487 T1486 aux have,used
R760 T1488 T1489 amod pharmacological,manipulations
R761 T1489 T1486 dobj manipulations,used
R762 T1490 T1491 aux to,investigate
R763 T1491 T1486 advcl investigate,used
R764 T1492 T1493 det the,contribution
R765 T1493 T1491 dobj contribution,investigate
R766 T1494 T1493 prep of,contribution
R767 T1495 T1496 compound dopamine,receptor
R768 T1496 T1497 compound receptor,subtypes
R769 T1497 T1494 pobj subtypes,of
R770 T1498 T1493 prep in,contribution
R771 T1499 T1500 amod various,stages
R772 T1500 T1498 pobj stages,in
R773 T1501 T1500 prep of,stages
R774 T1502 T1503 amod associative,learning
R775 T1503 T1501 pobj learning,of
R776 T1504 T1505 punct [,14
R777 T1505 T1503 parataxis 14,learning
R778 T1506 T1505 nummod 1,14
R779 T1507 T1505 punct ",",14
R780 T1508 T1505 nummod 2,14
R781 T1509 T1505 punct ",",14
R782 T1510 T1505 punct ],14
R783 T1511 T1486 punct .,used
R784 T1513 T1514 advmod Currently,held
R785 T1515 T1514 nsubjpass it,held
R786 T1516 T1514 auxpass is,held
R787 T1517 T1518 mark that,mediate
R788 T1518 T1514 ccomp mediate,held
R789 T1519 T1520 amod excitatory,D1Rs
R790 T1520 T1518 nsubj D1Rs,mediate
R791 T1521 T1520 compound dopamine,D1Rs
R792 T1522 T1523 det the,acquisition
R793 T1523 T1518 dobj acquisition,mediate
R794 T1524 T1523 cc and,acquisition
R795 T1525 T1523 conj expression,acquisition
R796 T1526 T1523 prep of,acquisition
R797 T1527 T1528 amod several,behaviors
R798 T1528 T1526 pobj behaviors,of
R799 T1529 T1528 amod conditioned,behaviors
R800 T1530 T1528 acl involving,behaviors
R801 T1531 T1532 compound food,reinforcers
R802 T1532 T1530 dobj reinforcers,involving
R803 T1533 T1534 punct [,7
R804 T1534 T1530 parataxis 7,involving
R805 T1535 T1534 advmod e.g.,7
R806 T1536 T1534 punct [,7
R807 T1537 T1534 nummod 6,7
R808 T1538 T1534 punct ",",7
R809 T1539 T1534 punct ],7
R810 T1540 T1534 punct ],7
R811 T1541 T1542 advmod as,as
R812 T1542 T1530 cc as,involving
R813 T1543 T1542 advmod well,as
R814 T1544 T1530 conj responding,involving
R815 T1545 T1544 prep for,responding
R816 T1546 T1547 amod conditioned,cues
R817 T1547 T1545 pobj cues,for
R818 T1548 T1547 amod predictive,cues
R819 T1549 T1548 prep of,predictive
R820 T1550 T1551 compound cocaine,delivery
R821 T1551 T1549 pobj delivery,of
R822 T1552 T1553 punct [,9
R823 T1553 T1551 parataxis 9,delivery
R824 T1554 T1553 punct ],9
R825 T1555 T1518 punct –,mediate
R826 T1556 T1518 advcl consistent,mediate
R827 T1557 T1556 prep with,consistent
R828 T1558 T1559 det the,interpretation
R829 T1559 T1557 pobj interpretation,with
R830 T1560 T1561 mark that,modulate
R831 T1561 T1559 acl modulate,interpretation
R832 T1562 T1563 npadvmod D1R,mediated
R833 T1563 T1564 amod mediated,signaling
R834 T1564 T1561 nsubj signaling,modulate
R835 T1565 T1561 aux might,modulate
R836 T1566 T1567 det the,maintenance
R837 T1567 T1561 dobj maintenance,modulate
R838 T1568 T1567 prep of,maintenance
R839 T1569 T1570 compound stimulus,response
R840 T1570 T1572 compound response,outcomes
R841 T1571 T1570 punct -,response
R842 T1572 T1568 pobj outcomes,of
R843 T1573 T1514 punct .,held
R844 T1575 T1576 prep Despite,is
R845 T1577 T1578 det a,literature
R846 T1578 T1575 pobj literature,Despite
R847 T1579 T1578 amod growing,literature
R848 T1580 T1578 acl demonstrating,literature
R849 T1581 T1582 amod disrupted,learning
R850 T1582 T1580 dobj learning,demonstrating
R851 T1583 T1582 amod associative,learning
R852 T1584 T1582 acl following,learning
R853 T1585 T1586 amod acute,manipulations
R854 T1586 T1584 dobj manipulations,following
R855 T1587 T1586 prep of,manipulations
R856 T1588 T1589 compound dopamine,D1R
R857 T1589 T1590 compound D1R,signaling
R858 T1590 T1587 pobj signaling,of
R859 T1591 T1586 prep during,manipulations
R860 T1592 T1591 pobj acquisition,during
R861 T1593 T1592 prep of,acquisition
R862 T1594 T1595 amod associative,learning
R863 T1595 T1596 compound learning,tasks
R864 T1596 T1593 pobj tasks,of
R865 T1597 T1592 prep with,acquisition
R866 T1598 T1597 pobj food,with
R867 T1599 T1600 punct [,7
R868 T1600 T1592 parataxis 7,acquisition
R869 T1601 T1600 advmod e.g.,7
R870 T1602 T1600 punct [,7
R871 T1603 T1600 nummod 6,7
R872 T1604 T1600 punct ",",7
R873 T1605 T1600 punct ],7
R874 T1606 T1600 punct ],7
R875 T1607 T1576 punct ", ",is
R876 T1608 T1609 det the,contribution
R877 T1609 T1576 nsubj contribution,is
R878 T1610 T1609 amod actual,contribution
R879 T1611 T1609 prep of,contribution
R880 T1612 T1613 npadvmod D2R,mediated
R881 T1613 T1615 amod mediated,signaling
R882 T1614 T1613 punct -,mediated
R883 T1615 T1611 pobj signaling,of
R884 T1616 T1609 prep on,contribution
R885 T1617 T1616 pobj acquisition,on
R886 T1618 T1617 cc and,acquisition
R887 T1619 T1617 conj maintenance,acquisition
R888 T1620 T1617 prep of,acquisition
R889 T1621 T1622 amod associative,learning
R890 T1622 T1620 pobj learning,of
R891 T1623 T1622 prep in,learning
R892 T1624 T1623 pobj rodents,in
R893 T1625 T1576 acomp unresolved,is
R894 T1626 T1576 punct .,is
R895 T1628 T1629 mark While,used
R896 T1629 T1634 advcl used,prevented
R897 T1630 T1631 compound D2R,antagonists
R898 T1631 T1629 nsubjpass antagonists,used
R899 T1632 T1629 aux have,used
R900 T1633 T1629 auxpass been,used
R901 T1635 T1629 prep in,used
R902 T1636 T1637 det the,context
R903 T1637 T1635 pobj context,in
R904 T1638 T1637 prep of,context
R905 T1639 T1640 nmod rodent,paradigms
R906 T1640 T1638 pobj paradigms,of
R907 T1641 T1642 amod associative,learning
R908 T1642 T1640 compound learning,paradigms
R909 T1643 T1634 punct ", ",prevented
R910 T1644 T1645 poss their,lack
R911 T1645 T1634 nsubj lack,prevented
R912 T1646 T1645 prep of,lack
R913 T1647 T1648 compound receptor,subtype
R914 T1648 T1649 compound subtype,specificity
R915 T1649 T1646 pobj specificity,of
R916 T1650 T1651 punct [,13
R917 T1651 T1649 parataxis 13,specificity
R918 T1652 T1651 punct ],13
R919 T1653 T1649 cc and,specificity
R920 T1654 T1655 npadvmod motor,disrupting
R921 T1655 T1657 amod disrupting,effects
R922 T1656 T1655 punct -,disrupting
R923 T1657 T1649 conj effects,specificity
R924 T1658 T1659 punct [,8
R925 T1659 T1657 parataxis 8,effects
R926 T1660 T1659 nummod 6,8
R927 T1661 T1659 punct ",",8
R928 T1662 T1659 punct ],8
R929 T1663 T1634 aux have,prevented
R930 T1664 T1665 det a,examination
R931 T1665 T1634 dobj examination,prevented
R932 T1666 T1665 amod rigorous,examination
R933 T1667 T1665 prep of,examination
R934 T1668 T1669 det the,role
R935 T1669 T1667 pobj role,of
R936 T1670 T1669 amod actual,role
R937 T1671 T1672 det this,subtype
R938 T1672 T1675 nsubj subtype,plays
R939 T1673 T1674 compound dopamine,receptor
R940 T1674 T1672 compound receptor,subtype
R941 T1675 T1669 advcl plays,role
R942 T1676 T1675 prep in,plays
R943 T1677 T1678 amod associative,learning
R944 T1678 T1676 pobj learning,in
R945 T1679 T1677 cc and,associative
R946 T1680 T1677 conj reversal,associative
R947 T1681 T1675 prep in,plays
R948 T1682 T1683 det the,context
R949 T1683 T1681 pobj context,in
R950 T1684 T1683 prep of,context
R951 T1685 T1686 det an,behavior
R952 T1686 T1684 pobj behavior,of
R953 T1687 T1686 compound operant,behavior
R954 T1688 T1634 punct .,prevented
R955 T1690 T1691 amod Past,experiments
R956 T1691 T1692 nsubj experiments,utilized
R957 T1693 T1691 acl seeking,experiments
R958 T1694 T1695 aux to,explore
R959 T1695 T1693 xcomp explore,seeking
R960 T1696 T1697 det the,involvement
R961 T1697 T1695 dobj involvement,explore
R962 T1698 T1697 amod possible,involvement
R963 T1699 T1697 prep of,involvement
R964 T1700 T1701 compound dopamine,D2Rs
R965 T1701 T1699 pobj D2Rs,of
R966 T1702 T1697 prep in,involvement
R967 T1703 T1704 amod associative,learning
R968 T1704 T1702 pobj learning,in
R969 T1705 T1692 aux have,utilized
R970 T1706 T1707 amod low,doses
R971 T1707 T1692 dobj doses,utilized
R972 T1708 T1706 prep to,low
R973 T1709 T1708 amod moderate,to
R974 T1710 T1707 prep of,doses
R975 T1711 T1710 pobj drugs,of
R976 T1712 T1713 punct [,6
R977 T1713 T1707 parataxis 6,doses
R978 T1714 T1713 nummod 2,6
R979 T1715 T1713 punct ",",6
R980 T1716 T1713 nummod 5,6
R981 T1717 T1713 punct ",",6
R982 T1718 T1713 punct ],6
R983 T1719 T1707 cc and,doses
R984 T1720 T1721 npadvmod site,specific
R985 T1721 T1723 amod specific,administration
R986 T1722 T1721 punct -,specific
R987 T1723 T1707 conj administration,doses
R988 T1724 T1725 punct [,9
R989 T1725 T1723 parataxis 9,administration
R990 T1726 T1725 nummod 7,9
R991 T1727 T1725 punct ",",9
R992 T1728 T1725 punct ],9
R993 T1729 T1692 prep in,utilized
R994 T1730 T1729 pobj order,in
R995 T1731 T1732 aux to,avoid
R996 T1732 T1730 acl avoid,order
R997 T1733 T1734 det the,effect
R998 T1734 T1732 dobj effect,avoid
R999 T1735 T1734 amod confounding,effect
R1000 T1736 T1737 dep that,have
R1001 T1737 T1734 relcl have,effect
R1002 T1738 T1739 compound locomotor,disruption
R1003 T1739 T1737 nsubj disruption,have
R1004 T1740 T1739 acl associated,disruption
R1005 T1741 T1740 prep with,associated
R1006 T1742 T1743 amod acute,blockade
R1007 T1743 T1741 pobj blockade,with
R1008 T1744 T1743 compound D2R,blockade
R1009 T1745 T1737 aux can,have
R1010 T1746 T1737 prep on,have
R1011 T1747 T1748 compound learning,performance
R1012 T1748 T1746 pobj performance,on
R1013 T1749 T1737 prep in,have
R1014 T1750 T1749 pobj rodents,in
R1015 T1751 T1692 punct .,utilized
R1016 T1753 T1754 prep Besides,fails
R1017 T1755 T1756 poss their,lack
R1018 T1756 T1753 pobj lack,Besides
R1019 T1757 T1756 prep of,lack
R1020 T1758 T1759 compound receptor,subtype
R1021 T1759 T1760 compound subtype,specificity
R1022 T1760 T1757 pobj specificity,of
R1023 T1761 T1754 punct ", ",fails
R1024 T1762 T1763 det an,exposure
R1025 T1763 T1754 nsubj exposure,fails
R1026 T1764 T1763 amod acute,exposure
R1027 T1765 T1763 prep to,exposure
R1028 T1766 T1767 advmod commercially,available
R1029 T1767 T1768 amod available,antagonists
R1030 T1768 T1765 pobj antagonists,to
R1031 T1769 T1770 compound D2,receptor
R1032 T1770 T1768 compound receptor,antagonists
R1033 T1771 T1772 aux to,block
R1034 T1772 T1754 xcomp block,fails
R1035 T1773 T1772 advmod completely,block
R1036 T1774 T1772 dobj signaling,block
R1037 T1775 T1774 acl mediated,signaling
R1038 T1776 T1775 advmod solely,mediated
R1039 T1777 T1775 agent by,mediated
R1040 T1778 T1777 pobj D2Rs,by
R1041 T1779 T1754 punct .,fails
R1042 T1781 T1782 advmod Moreover,recapitulate
R1043 T1783 T1782 punct ", ",recapitulate
R1044 T1784 T1785 amod acute,dosing
R1045 T1785 T1782 nsubj dosing,recapitulate
R1046 T1786 T1782 aux does,recapitulate
R1047 T1787 T1782 neg not,recapitulate
R1048 T1788 T1789 det the,deficits
R1049 T1789 T1782 dobj deficits,recapitulate
R1050 T1790 T1789 amod marked,deficits
R1051 T1791 T1789 compound learning,deficits
R1052 T1792 T1789 acl produced,deficits
R1053 T1793 T1792 prep in,produced
R1054 T1794 T1793 pobj rodents,in
R1055 T1795 T1796 punct [,16
R1056 T1796 T1792 parataxis 16,produced
R1057 T1797 T1796 nummod 15,16
R1058 T1798 T1796 punct ",",16
R1059 T1799 T1796 punct ],16
R1060 T1800 T1792 agent by,produced
R1061 T1801 T1802 amod chronic,exposure
R1062 T1802 T1800 pobj exposure,by
R1063 T1803 T1802 prep to,exposure
R1064 T1804 T1805 compound dopamine,D2R
R1065 T1805 T1806 compound D2R,antagonists
R1066 T1806 T1803 pobj antagonists,to
R1067 T1818 T1819 compound dopamine,D2R
R1068 T1807 T1808 punct [,7
R1069 T1819 T1820 npadvmod D2R,mediated
R1070 T1808 T1792 parataxis 7,produced
R1071 T1820 T1822 amod mediated,signaling
R1072 T1809 T1808 nummod 6,7
R1073 T1821 T1820 punct -,mediated
R1074 T1822 T1817 pobj signaling,of
R1075 T1810 T1808 punct ",",7
R1076 T1823 T1815 prep on,influence
R1077 T1824 T1825 amod reversal,learning
R1078 T1811 T1808 punct ],7
R1079 T1825 T1823 pobj learning,on
R1080 T1826 T1816 advmod also,is
R1081 T1827 T1828 advmod poorly,understood
R1082 T1812 T1782 punct .,recapitulate
R1083 T1828 T1816 acomp understood,is
R1084 T1814 T1815 det The,influence
R1085 T1829 T1816 punct .,is
R1086 T1831 T1832 amod Reversal,learning
R1087 T1832 T1833 nsubjpass learning,conceptualized
R1088 T1815 T1816 nsubj influence,is
R1089 T1834 T1833 aux can,conceptualized
R1090 T1817 T1815 prep of,influence
R1091 T1835 T1833 auxpass be,conceptualized
R1092 T1836 T1833 prep as,conceptualized
R1093 T1837 T1838 det the,ability
R1094 T1924 T1925 det the,antagonist
R1095 T1838 T1836 pobj ability,as
R1096 T1839 T1840 aux to,recognize
R1097 T1840 T1838 acl recognize,ability
R1098 T1841 T1842 det an,consequence
R1099 T1842 T1840 dobj consequence,recognize
R1100 T1925 T1923 pobj antagonist,of
R1101 T1843 T1842 amod unexpected,consequence
R1102 T1844 T1842 prep to,consequence
R1103 T1926 T1927 compound D2R,D3R
R1104 T1845 T1846 det a,rule
R1105 T1846 T1844 pobj rule,to
R1106 T1847 T1848 advmod previously,established
R1107 T1927 T1925 compound D3R,antagonist
R1108 T1848 T1846 amod established,rule
R1109 T1849 T1850 amod associative,learning
R1110 T1928 T1927 punct /,D3R
R1111 T1850 T1846 compound learning,rule
R1112 T1851 T1840 cc and,recognize
R1113 T1929 T1925 punct ", ",antagonist
R1114 T1852 T1853 advmod then,alter
R1115 T1853 T1840 conj alter,recognize
R1116 T1854 T1855 compound response,strategies
R1117 T1855 T1853 dobj strategies,alter
R1118 T1930 T1925 appos sulpiride,antagonist
R1119 T1856 T1853 advmod accordingly,alter
R1120 T1857 T1858 punct [,18
R1121 T1931 T1922 punct ", ",impairs
R1122 T1858 T1853 parataxis 18,alter
R1123 T1859 T1858 nummod 17,18
R1124 T1860 T1858 punct ",",18
R1125 T1861 T1858 punct ],18
R1126 T1862 T1833 punct .,conceptualized
R1127 T1932 T1933 amod spatial,leaning
R1128 T1864 T1865 amod Reversal,learning
R1129 T1865 T1866 nsubj learning,serve
R1130 T1933 T1922 dobj leaning,impairs
R1131 T1867 T1865 prep in,learning
R1132 T1868 T1867 pobj rodents,in
R1133 T1934 T1933 compound reversal,leaning
R1134 T1869 T1866 aux can,serve
R1135 T1870 T1866 prep as,serve
R1136 T1935 T1922 prep in,impairs
R1137 T1871 T1872 det an,index
R1138 T1872 T1870 pobj index,as
R1139 T1873 T1872 prep of,index
R1140 T1936 T1935 pobj mice,in
R1141 T1874 T1875 amod learning,adaptability
R1142 T1875 T1873 pobj adaptability,of
R1143 T1937 T1938 punct [,20
R1144 T1876 T1875 cc and,adaptability
R1145 T1877 T1875 conj alertness,adaptability
R1146 T1878 T1879 dep that,correlates
R1147 T1938 T1922 parataxis 20,impairs
R1148 T1879 T1872 relcl correlates,index
R1149 T1880 T1879 prep with,correlates
R1150 T1881 T1882 amod human,paradigms
R1151 T1939 T1938 punct ],20
R1152 T1882 T1880 pobj paradigms,with
R1153 T1883 T1884 amod attentional,shift
R1154 T1940 T1922 cc and,impairs
R1155 T1884 T1882 compound shift,paradigms
R1156 T1885 T1884 punct -,shift
R1157 T1886 T1887 punct [,18
R1158 T1941 T1942 aux has,shown
R1159 T1887 T1872 parataxis 18,index
R1160 T1888 T1887 nummod 17,18
R1161 T1942 T1922 conj shown,impairs
R1162 T1889 T1887 punct ",",18
R1163 T1890 T1887 punct ],18
R1164 T1943 T1942 advmod also,shown
R1165 T1891 T1866 punct .,serve
R1166 T1893 T1894 advmod Additionally,demonstrated
R1167 T1944 T1942 auxpass been,shown
R1168 T1895 T1894 punct ", ",demonstrated
R1169 T1945 T1946 aux to,impair
R1170 T1896 T1897 det a,report
R1171 T1897 T1894 nsubj report,demonstrated
R1172 T1898 T1897 amod previous,report
R1173 T1946 T1942 xcomp impair,shown
R1174 T1899 T1900 mark that,shown
R1175 T1900 T1894 ccomp shown,demonstrated
R1176 T1947 T1946 dobj attention,impair
R1177 T1901 T1902 amod excitotoxic,lesions
R1178 T1902 T1900 nsubjpass lesions,shown
R1179 T1903 T1902 prep of,lesions
R1181 T1904 T1905 amod terminal,field
R1182 T1905 T1906 compound field,targets
R1183 T1906 T1903 pobj targets,of
R1184 T1949 T1950 det the,performances
R1185 T1907 T1906 prep of,targets
R1186 T1908 T1909 amod mesocortical,dopamine
R1187 T1950 T1947 conj performances,attention
R1188 T1909 T1907 pobj dopamine,of
R1189 T1910 T1900 aux have,shown
R1190 T1911 T1900 auxpass been,shown
R1191 T1951 T1950 amod cognitive,performances
R1192 T1912 T1913 aux to,disrupt
R1193 T1913 T1900 xcomp disrupt,shown
R1194 T1914 T1915 compound reversal,learning
R1195 T1952 T1950 prep of,performances
R1196 T1915 T1913 dobj learning,disrupt
R1197 T1916 T1917 punct [,19
R1198 T1953 T1954 amod healthy,volunteers
R1199 T1917 T1913 parataxis 19,disrupt
R1200 T1918 T1917 punct ],19
R1201 T1919 T1894 punct .,demonstrated
R1202 T1954 T1952 pobj volunteers,of
R1203 T1921 T1922 nsubj Administration,impairs
R1204 T1955 T1954 amod human,volunteers
R1205 T1923 T1921 prep of,Administration
R1206 T1956 T1957 punct [,21
R1207 T1957 T1942 parataxis 21,shown
R1208 T1958 T1957 punct ],21
R1209 T1959 T1922 punct .,impairs
R1210 T1961 T1962 advmod Moreover,reported
R1211 T2030 T2027 compound reversal,learning
R1212 T1963 T1964 det an,relationship
R1213 T2031 T2017 prep in,contribution
R1214 T2032 T2033 amod adult,mice
R1215 T2033 T2031 pobj mice,in
R1216 T1964 T1962 nsubjpass relationship,reported
R1217 T2034 T2011 punct ", ",compared
R1218 T2035 T2011 nsubj we,compared
R1219 T2036 T2011 dobj mice,compared
R1220 T1965 T1964 amod inverse,relationship
R1221 T2037 T2038 punct [,23
R1222 T2038 T2036 parataxis 23,mice
R1223 T2039 T2038 punct ],23
R1224 T1966 T1964 prep between,relationship
R1225 T2040 T2041 dep that,developed
R1226 T2041 T2036 relcl developed,mice
R1227 T2042 T2041 aux had,developed
R1228 T2043 T2041 prep in,developed
R1229 T1967 T1968 amod lower,levels
R1230 T2044 T2045 det the,absence
R1231 T2045 T2043 pobj absence,in
R1232 T2046 T2045 amod complete,absence
R1233 T1968 T1966 pobj levels,between
R1234 T2047 T2045 prep of,absence
R1235 T2048 T2049 det all,receptors
R1236 T2049 T2047 pobj receptors,of
R1237 T1969 T1970 compound dopamine,D2R
R1238 T2050 T2049 amod functional,receptors
R1239 T2051 T2052 compound dopamine,D2
R1240 T1970 T1968 compound D2R,levels
R1241 T2052 T2049 compound D2,receptors
R1242 T2053 T2054 punct (,D2R
R1243 T2054 T2049 parataxis D2R,receptors
R1244 T1971 T1968 cc and,levels
R1245 T2055 T2054 punct -,D2R
R1246 T2056 T2054 punct /,D2R
R1247 T1972 T1973 amod compulsive,behavior
R1248 T2057 T2054 punct -,D2R
R1249 T2058 T2054 punct ),D2R
R1250 T2059 T2011 prep to,compared
R1251 T1973 T1968 conj behavior,levels
R1252 T2060 T2061 amod wild,type
R1253 T2061 T2063 compound type,littermates
R1254 T2062 T2061 punct -,type
R1255 T1974 T1964 prep in,relationship
R1256 T2063 T2059 pobj littermates,to
R1257 T2064 T2065 punct (,D2R
R1258 T2065 T2063 parataxis D2R,littermates
R1259 T1975 T1976 amod human,subjects
R1260 T2066 T2065 punct +,D2R
R1261 T2067 T2065 punct /,D2R
R1262 T2068 T2065 punct +,D2R
R1263 T1976 T1974 pobj subjects,in
R1264 T2069 T2065 punct ),D2R
R1265 T2070 T2011 prep in,compared
R1266 T1977 T1962 aux has,reported
R1267 T2071 T2072 det a,procedure
R1268 T1978 T1962 auxpass been,reported
R1269 T2072 T2070 pobj procedure,in
R1270 T2073 T2072 nmod go,procedure
R1271 T1979 T1980 punct [,22
R1272 T2074 T2073 punct /,go
R1273 T2075 T2076 det no,go
R1274 T2076 T2073 appos go,go
R1275 T1980 T1962 parataxis 22,reported
R1276 T2077 T2076 punct -,go
R1277 T2078 T2072 nmod operant,procedure
R1278 T2079 T2078 amod learning,operant
R1279 T2080 T2081 dep that,measures
R1280 T2081 T2072 relcl measures,procedure
R1281 T1981 T1980 punct ],22
R1282 T2082 T2083 amod primary,reinforcement
R1283 T2083 T2081 dobj reinforcement,measures
R1284 T2084 T2083 punct ", ",reinforcement
R1285 T1982 T1962 punct .,reported
R1286 T2085 T2086 amod sensory,processing
R1287 T2086 T2083 conj processing,reinforcement
R1288 T1984 T1985 advcl Taken,suggest
R1289 T2087 T2086 punct ", ",processing
R1290 T2088 T2086 cc and,processing
R1291 T2089 T2090 compound reversal,learning
R1292 T1986 T1984 advmod together,Taken
R1293 T2090 T2086 conj learning,processing
R1294 T2091 T2092 punct [,17
R1295 T2092 T2081 parataxis 17,measures
R1296 T2093 T2094 punct -,19
R1297 T1987 T1988 det these,findings
R1298 T2094 T2092 prep 19,17
R1299 T2095 T2092 punct ],17
R1300 T2096 T2011 punct .,compared
R1301 T1988 T1985 nsubj findings,suggest
R1302 T2098 T2099 advmod Here,report
R1303 T1989 T1990 mark that,play
R1304 T2100 T2099 nsubj we,report
R1305 T2101 T2102 mark that,be
R1306 T1990 T1985 ccomp play,suggest
R1307 T2102 T2099 ccomp be,report
R1308 T2103 T2104 compound dopamine,D2R
R1309 T2104 T2105 npadvmod D2R,mediated
R1310 T1991 T1992 npadvmod D2R,mediated
R1311 T2105 T2107 amod mediated,signaling
R1312 T2106 T2105 punct -,mediated
R1313 T2107 T2102 nsubj signaling,be
R1314 T1992 T1994 amod mediated,signaling
R1315 T2108 T2102 aux must,be
R1316 T2109 T2102 acomp intact,be
R1317 T2110 T2111 mark if,is
R1318 T1993 T1992 punct -,mediated
R1319 T2111 T2102 advcl is,be
R1320 T2112 T2113 det a,mouse
R1321 T1994 T1990 nsubj signaling,play
R1322 T2113 T2111 nsubj mouse,is
R1323 T2114 T2115 aux to,learn
R1324 T2115 T2111 xcomp learn,is
R1325 T1995 T1990 aux could,play
R1326 T2116 T2115 advmod efficiently,learn
R1327 T2117 T2118 aux to,associate
R1328 T2118 T2115 xcomp associate,learn
R1329 T2119 T2120 det a,reinforcer
R1330 T2120 T2118 dobj reinforcer,associate
R1331 T1996 T1997 det a,role
R1332 T2121 T2120 compound food,reinforcer
R1333 T2122 T2118 prep with,associate
R1334 T2123 T2124 det a,odor
R1335 T2124 T2122 pobj odor,with
R1336 T1997 T1990 dobj role,play
R1337 T2125 T2124 amod specific,odor
R1338 T2126 T2118 cc and,associate
R1339 T1998 T1997 amod critical,role
R1340 T2127 T2128 advmod then,disengage
R1341 T2128 T2118 conj disengage,associate
R1342 T2129 T2128 advmod adaptively,disengage
R1343 T2130 T2131 amod inappropriate,strategies
R1344 T1999 T1990 prep in,play
R1345 T2131 T2128 dobj strategies,disengage
R1346 T2132 T2131 amod behavioral,strategies
R1347 T2000 T2001 amod reversal,learning
R1348 T2133 T2128 prep following,disengage
R1349 T2134 T2135 det the,reversal
R1350 T2001 T1999 pobj learning,in
R1351 T2002 T1985 cc but,suggest
R1352 T2135 T2133 pobj reversal,following
R1353 T2003 T1985 conj are,suggest
R1354 T2136 T2135 prep of,reversal
R1355 T2137 T2138 compound reinforcement,contingencies
R1356 T2138 T2136 pobj contingencies,of
R1357 T2004 T2003 acomp insufficient,are
R1358 T2139 T2099 punct .,report
R1359 T2005 T2006 aux to,prove
R1360 T2006 T2004 xcomp prove,insufficient
R1361 T2007 T2006 dobj it,prove
R1362 T2008 T1985 punct .,suggest
R1363 T2010 T2011 prep In,compared
R1364 T2012 T2013 det an,effort
R1365 T2013 T2010 pobj effort,In
R1366 T2014 T2015 aux to,establish
R1367 T2015 T2013 acl establish,effort
R1368 T2016 T2017 det the,contribution
R1369 T2017 T2015 dobj contribution,establish
R1370 T2018 T2017 prep of,contribution
R1371 T2019 T2020 compound dopamine,receptor
R1372 T2020 T2022 npadvmod receptor,mediated
R1373 T2021 T2020 compound D2,receptor
R1374 T2022 T2024 amod mediated,signaling
R1375 T2023 T2022 punct -,mediated
R1376 T2024 T2018 pobj signaling,of
R1377 T2025 T2017 prep to,contribution
R1378 T2026 T2027 amod associative,learning
R1379 T2027 T2025 pobj learning,to
R1380 T2028 T2026 cc and,associative
R1381 T2029 T2026 conj non-spatial,associative
R1382 T2198 T2199 preconj Both,type
R1383 T2199 T2202 nmod type,mice
R1384 T2200 T2199 amod wild,type
R1385 T2201 T2199 punct -,type
R1386 T2202 T2206 nsubj mice,learn
R1387 T2203 T2199 cc and,type
R1388 T2204 T2205 npadvmod D2R,deficient
R1389 T2205 T2199 conj deficient,type
R1390 T2207 T2208 compound operant,behaviors
R1391 T2208 T2206 dobj behaviors,learn
R1392 T2209 T2210 advmod equally,well
R1393 T2210 T2206 advmod well,learn
R1394 T2212 T2213 advmod Mildly,deprived
R1395 T2213 T2216 amod deprived,mice
R1396 T2214 T2213 npadvmod food,deprived
R1397 T2215 T2213 punct -,deprived
R1398 T2216 T2226 nsubj mice,learned
R1399 T2217 T2216 nmod D2R,mice
R1400 T2218 T2217 punct +,D2R
R1401 T2219 T2217 punct /,D2R
R1402 T2220 T2217 punct +,D2R
R1403 T2221 T2217 cc and,D2R
R1404 T2222 T2217 conj D2R,D2R
R1405 T2223 T2222 punct -,D2R
R1406 T2224 T2222 punct /,D2R
R1407 T2225 T2222 punct -,D2R
R1408 T2227 T2226 advmod readily,learned
R1409 T2228 T2229 aux to,locate
R1410 T2229 T2226 xcomp locate,learned
R1411 T2230 T2229 cc and,locate
R1412 T2231 T2229 conj consume,locate
R1413 T2232 T2233 compound food,pellets
R1414 T2233 T2231 dobj pellets,consume
R1415 T2234 T2231 prep during,consume
R1416 T2235 T2236 det both,sessions
R1417 T2236 T2234 pobj sessions,during
R1418 T2237 T2236 compound training,sessions
R1419 T2238 T2226 punct .,learned
R1420 T2240 T2241 nsubj Figure,depicts
R1421 T2242 T2240 nummod 1,Figure
R1422 T2243 T2244 det the,latency
R1423 T2244 T2241 dobj latency,depicts
R1424 T2245 T2246 mark for,ambulate
R1425 T2246 T2244 advcl ambulate,latency
R1426 T2247 T2248 det both,genotypes
R1427 T2248 T2246 nsubj genotypes,ambulate
R1428 T2249 T2246 aux to,ambulate
R1429 T2250 T2246 prep to,ambulate
R1430 T2251 T2252 det a,dish
R1431 T2252 T2250 pobj dish,to
R1432 T2253 T2254 aux to,retrieve
R1433 T2254 T2246 advcl retrieve,ambulate
R1434 T2255 T2256 det an,pellet
R1435 T2256 T2254 dobj pellet,retrieve
R1436 T2257 T2256 amod unhidden,pellet
R1437 T2258 T2256 compound food,pellet
R1438 T2259 T2241 punct .,depicts
R1439 T2261 T2262 expl There,were
R1440 T2263 T2264 det no,differences
R1441 T2264 T2262 attr differences,were
R1442 T2265 T2264 prep between,differences
R1443 T2266 T2265 pobj genotypes,between
R1444 T2267 T2268 aux to,retrieve
R1445 T2268 T2262 advcl retrieve,were
R1446 T2269 T2270 det the,reinforcers
R1447 T2270 T2268 dobj reinforcers,retrieve
R1448 T2271 T2272 punct (,0.65
R1449 T2272 T2270 parataxis 0.65,reinforcers
R1450 T2273 T2274 nsubj F1,0.2
R1451 T2274 T2272 ccomp 0.2,0.65
R1452 T2275 T2273 punct ",",F1
R1453 T2276 T2273 nummod 59,F1
R1454 T2277 T2274 punct =,0.2
R1455 T2278 T2272 punct ", ",0.65
R1456 T2279 T2272 nsubj p,0.65
R1457 T2280 T2272 punct >,0.65
R1458 T2281 T2272 punct ),0.65
R1459 T2282 T2262 punct ", ",were
R1460 T2283 T2262 cc and,were
R1461 T2284 T2285 det both,groups
R1462 T2285 T2286 nsubj groups,decreased
R1463 T2286 T2262 conj decreased,were
R1464 T2287 T2286 advmod significantly,decreased
R1465 T2288 T2289 det the,amount
R1466 T2289 T2286 dobj amount,decreased
R1467 T2290 T2289 prep of,amount
R1468 T2291 T2290 pobj time,of
R1469 T2292 T2289 amod necessary,amount
R1470 T2293 T2294 aux to,perform
R1471 T2294 T2292 xcomp perform,necessary
R1472 T2295 T2296 det this,task
R1473 T2296 T2294 dobj task,perform
R1474 T2297 T2286 prep along,decreased
R1475 T2298 T2299 amod successive,trials
R1476 T2299 T2297 pobj trials,along
R1477 T2300 T2301 punct (,0.001
R1478 T2301 T2299 parataxis 0.001,trials
R1479 T2302 T2303 nsubj F4,5.74
R1480 T2303 T2301 ccomp 5.74,0.001
R1481 T2304 T2302 punct ",",F4
R1482 T2305 T2302 nummod 59,F4
R1483 T2306 T2303 punct =,5.74
R1484 T2307 T2301 punct ", ",0.001
R1485 T2308 T2301 nsubj p,0.001
R1486 T2309 T2301 punct <,0.001
R1487 T2310 T2301 punct ),0.001
R1488 T2311 T2286 punct .,decreased
R1489 T2313 T2314 nsubj Figure,depicts
R1490 T2315 T2313 nummod 2,Figure
R1491 T2316 T2317 det the,latency
R1492 T2317 T2314 dobj latency,depicts
R1493 T2318 T2319 aux to,dig
R1494 T2319 T2317 advcl dig,latency
R1495 T2320 T2319 prep for,dig
R1496 T2321 T2322 det the,pellet
R1497 T2322 T2320 pobj pellet,for
R1498 T2323 T2322 compound food,pellet
R1499 T2324 T2322 acl buried,pellet
R1500 T2325 T2324 prep in,buried
R1501 T2326 T2327 det a,dish
R1502 T2327 T2325 pobj dish,in
R1503 T2328 T2327 amod single,dish
R1504 T2329 T2327 acl filled,dish
R1505 T2330 T2329 prep with,filled
R1506 T2331 T2332 amod unscented,sand
R1507 T2332 T2330 pobj sand,with
R1508 T2333 T2314 punct .,depicts
R1509 T2335 T2336 det No,differences
R1510 T2336 T2338 nsubjpass differences,found
R1511 T2337 T2336 compound genotype,differences
R1512 T2339 T2338 auxpass were,found
R1513 T2340 T2338 prep in,found
R1514 T2341 T2342 det the,ability
R1515 T2342 T2340 pobj ability,in
R1516 T2343 T2344 aux to,dig
R1517 T2344 T2342 acl dig,ability
R1518 T2345 T2344 prep through,dig
R1519 T2346 T2347 amod unscented,sand
R1520 T2347 T2345 pobj sand,through
R1521 T2348 T2344 prep for,dig
R1522 T2349 T2350 det a,pellet
R1523 T2350 T2348 pobj pellet,for
R1524 T2351 T2350 amod hidden,pellet
R1525 T2352 T2350 compound food,pellet
R1526 T2353 T2354 punct (,0.27
R1527 T2354 T2338 parataxis 0.27,found
R1528 T2355 T2356 nsubj F1,1.26
R1529 T2356 T2354 ccomp 1.26,0.27
R1530 T2357 T2355 punct ",",F1
R1531 T2358 T2355 nummod 128,F1
R1532 T2359 T2356 punct =,1.26
R1533 T2360 T2354 punct ", ",0.27
R1534 T2361 T2354 nsubj p,0.27
R1535 T2362 T2354 punct >,0.27
R1536 T2363 T2354 punct ),0.27
R1537 T2364 T2338 punct .,found
R1541 T2416 T2417 nsubj mice,outperform
R1542 T2418 T2419 nmod D2R,mice
R1543 T2419 T2417 dobj mice,outperform
R1544 T2420 T2418 punct -,D2R
R1545 T2421 T2418 punct /,D2R
R1546 T2422 T2418 punct -,D2R
R1547 T2423 T2417 prep in,outperform
R1548 T2424 T2425 det an,task
R1549 T2425 T2423 pobj task,in
R1550 T2426 T2427 npadvmod odor,driven
R1551 T2427 T2425 amod driven,task
R1552 T2428 T2427 punct -,driven
R1553 T2429 T2427 punct ", ",driven
R1554 T2430 T2431 compound stimulus,discrimination
R1555 T2431 T2427 conj discrimination,driven
R1556 T2432 T2431 punct -,discrimination
R1557 T2433 T2425 punct ", ",task
R1558 T2434 T2425 compound operant,task
R1559 T2436 T2437 aux To,master
R1560 T2437 T2438 advcl master,required
R1561 T2439 T2440 det the,task
R1562 T2440 T2437 dobj task,master
R1563 T2441 T2442 npadvmod odor,driven
R1564 T2442 T2440 amod driven,task
R1565 T2443 T2442 punct -,driven
R1566 T2444 T2445 compound stimulus,discrimination
R1567 T2445 T2440 compound discrimination,task
R1568 T2446 T2438 punct ", ",required
R1569 T2447 T2448 nmod D2R,mice
R1570 T2448 T2438 nsubj mice,required
R1571 T2449 T2447 punct -,D2R
R1572 T2450 T2447 punct /,D2R
R1573 T2451 T2447 punct -,D2R
R1574 T2452 T2453 advmod significantly,more
R1575 T2453 T2454 amod more,trials
R1576 T2454 T2438 dobj trials,required
R1577 T2455 T2456 punct (,Fig.
R1578 T2456 T2438 parataxis Fig.,required
R1579 T2457 T2456 nummod 3A,Fig.
R1580 T2458 T2456 punct : ,Fig.
R1581 T2459 T2460 nsubj t,2.20
R1582 T2460 T2456 ccomp 2.20,Fig.
R1583 T2461 T2459 punct (,t
R1584 T2462 T2459 nummod 14,t
R1585 T2463 T2459 punct ),t
R1586 T2464 T2460 punct =,2.20
R1587 T2465 T2456 punct ;,Fig.
R1588 T2466 T2467 nsubj p,0.05
R1589 T2467 T2456 ccomp 0.05,Fig.
R1590 T2468 T2467 punct <,0.05
R1591 T2469 T2456 punct ),Fig.
R1592 T2470 T2438 cc and,required
R1593 T2471 T2438 conj committed,required
R1594 T2472 T2473 amod more,errors
R1595 T2473 T2471 dobj errors,committed
R1596 T2474 T2475 punct (,Fig.
R1597 T2475 T2473 parataxis Fig.,errors
R1598 T2476 T2475 nummod 3B,Fig.
R1599 T2477 T2475 punct : ,Fig.
R1600 T2478 T2479 nsubj t,2.92
R1601 T2479 T2475 ccomp 2.92,Fig.
R1602 T2480 T2478 punct (,t
R1603 T2481 T2478 nummod 14,t
R1604 T2482 T2478 punct ),t
R1605 T2483 T2479 punct =,2.92
R1606 T2484 T2475 punct ;,Fig.
R1607 T2485 T2486 nsubj p,0.05
R1608 T2486 T2475 ccomp 0.05,Fig.
R1609 T2487 T2486 punct <,0.05
R1610 T2488 T2475 punct ),Fig.
R1611 T2489 T2473 prep than,errors
R1612 T2490 T2491 nmod D2R,mice
R1613 T2491 T2489 pobj mice,than
R1614 T2492 T2490 punct +,D2R
R1615 T2493 T2490 punct /,D2R
R1616 T2494 T2490 punct +,D2R
R1617 T2495 T2496 aux to,learn
R1618 T2496 T2438 advcl learn,required
R1619 T2497 T2498 aux to,associate
R1620 T2498 T2496 xcomp associate,learn
R1621 T2499 T2500 det a,odor
R1622 T2500 T2498 dobj odor,associate
R1623 T2501 T2500 amod specific,odor
R1624 T2502 T2498 prep with,associate
R1625 T2503 T2504 det the,presence
R1626 T2504 T2502 pobj presence,with
R1627 T2505 T2504 cc or,presence
R1628 T2506 T2504 conj absence,presence
R1629 T2507 T2504 prep of,presence
R1630 T2508 T2509 det the,reinforcer
R1631 T2509 T2507 pobj reinforcer,of
R1632 T2510 T2509 compound food,reinforcer
R1633 T2511 T2438 punct .,required
R1634 T2513 T2514 advmod However,learn
R1635 T2515 T2514 punct ", ",learn
R1636 T2516 T2517 det both,genotypes
R1637 T2517 T2514 nsubj genotypes,learn
R1638 T2518 T2514 aux did,learn
R1639 T2519 T2520 det the,task
R1640 T2520 T2514 dobj task,learn
R1641 T2521 T2514 cc and,learn
R1642 T2522 T2523 advmod eventually,maintained
R1643 T2523 T2514 conj maintained,learn
R1644 T2524 T2525 amod accurate,discrimination
R1645 T2525 T2523 dobj discrimination,maintained
R1646 T2526 T2523 prep for,maintained
R1647 T2527 T2528 det a,minimum
R1648 T2528 T2526 pobj minimum,for
R1649 T2529 T2528 prep of,minimum
R1650 T2530 T2531 nummod 8,responses
R1651 T2531 T2529 pobj responses,of
R1652 T2532 T2531 amod correct,responses
R1653 T2533 T2531 prep out,responses
R1654 T2534 T2533 prep of,out
R1655 T2535 T2536 nummod 10,trials
R1656 T2536 T2534 pobj trials,of
R1657 T2537 T2514 punct .,learn
R1658 T2709 T2710 nsubj Mice,engage
R1659 T2711 T2709 acl lacking,Mice
R1660 T2712 T2713 compound dopamine,D2
R1661 T2713 T2714 compound D2,receptors
R1662 T2714 T2711 dobj receptors,lacking
R1663 T2715 T2710 prep in,engage
R1664 T2716 T2717 amod unreinforced,behavior
R1665 T2717 T2715 pobj behavior,in
R1666 T2718 T2710 prep in,engage
R1667 T2719 T2720 det a,manner
R1668 T2720 T2718 pobj manner,in
R1669 T2721 T2720 amod perseverative,manner
R1670 T2722 T2710 prep following,engage
R1671 T2723 T2722 pobj reversal,following
R1672 T2724 T2723 prep of,reversal
R1673 T2725 T2726 compound reinforcement,contingencies
R1674 T2726 T2724 pobj contingencies,of
R1675 T2728 T2729 nmod D2R,mice
R1676 T2729 T2733 nsubj mice,failed
R1677 T2730 T2728 punct -,D2R
R1678 T2731 T2728 punct /,D2R
R1679 T2732 T2728 punct -,D2R
R1680 T2734 T2733 advmod repeatedly,failed
R1681 T2735 T2736 aux to,inhibit
R1682 T2736 T2733 xcomp inhibit,failed
R1683 T2737 T2738 advmod previously,established
R1684 T2738 T2739 amod established,contingencies
R1685 T2739 T2736 dobj contingencies,inhibit
R1686 T2740 T2739 amod learning,contingencies
R1687 T2741 T2736 prep during,inhibit
R1688 T2742 T2743 amod reversal,trials
R1689 T2743 T2741 pobj trials,during
R1690 T2744 T2745 punct (,Fig.
R1691 T2745 T2736 parataxis Fig.,inhibit
R1692 T2746 T2745 nummod 4A,Fig.
R1693 T2747 T2745 punct : ,Fig.
R1694 T2748 T2749 nsubj t,3.54
R1695 T2749 T2745 ccomp 3.54,Fig.
R1696 T2750 T2748 punct (,t
R1697 T2751 T2748 nummod 14,t
R1698 T2752 T2748 punct ),t
R1699 T2753 T2749 punct =,3.54
R1700 T2754 T2745 punct ;,Fig.
R1701 T2755 T2756 nsubj p,0.01
R1702 T2756 T2745 ccomp 0.01,Fig.
R1703 T2757 T2756 punct <,0.01
R1704 T2758 T2745 punct ),Fig.
R1705 T2759 T2733 cc and,failed
R1706 T2760 T2733 conj committed,failed
R1707 T2761 T2762 advmod significantly,more
R1708 T2762 T2763 amod more,errors
R1709 T2763 T2760 dobj errors,committed
R1710 T2764 T2763 compound reversal,errors
R1711 T2765 T2763 prep than,errors
R1712 T2766 T2767 nmod D2R,mice
R1713 T2767 T2765 pobj mice,than
R1714 T2768 T2766 punct +,D2R
R1715 T2769 T2766 punct /,D2R
R1716 T2770 T2766 punct +,D2R
R1717 T2771 T2772 punct (,Fig.
R1718 T2772 T2760 parataxis Fig.,committed
R1719 T2773 T2772 nummod 4B,Fig.
R1720 T2774 T2772 punct : ,Fig.
R1721 T2775 T2776 nsubj t,3.18
R1722 T2776 T2772 ccomp 3.18,Fig.
R1723 T2777 T2775 punct (,t
R1724 T2778 T2775 nummod 14,t
R1725 T2779 T2775 punct ),t
R1726 T2780 T2776 punct =,3.18
R1727 T2781 T2772 punct ;,Fig.
R1728 T2782 T2783 nsubj p,0.01
R1729 T2783 T2772 ccomp 0.01,Fig.
R1730 T2784 T2783 punct <,0.01
R1731 T2785 T2772 punct ),Fig.
R1732 T2786 T2733 punct .,failed
R1733 T2788 T2789 amod Categorical,division
R1734 T2789 T2790 nsubj division,revealed
R1735 T2791 T2789 prep of,division
R1736 T2792 T2793 compound reversal,errors
R1737 T2793 T2791 pobj errors,of
R1738 T2794 T2795 punct (,Ferry
R1739 T2795 T2789 meta Ferry,division
R1740 T2796 T2795 nmod et,Ferry
R1741 T2797 T2795 nmod al.,Ferry
R1742 T2798 T2795 punct ", ",Ferry
R1743 T2799 T2795 nummod 2000,Ferry
R1744 T2800 T2795 punct ),Ferry
R1745 T2801 T2789 punct –,division
R1746 T2802 T2789 acl digging,division
R1747 T2803 T2802 prep in,digging
R1748 T2804 T2805 det the,dish
R1749 T2805 T2803 pobj dish,in
R1750 T2806 T2807 dep that,contain
R1751 T2807 T2805 relcl contain,dish
R1752 T2808 T2807 aux did,contain
R1753 T2809 T2807 neg not,contain
R1754 T2810 T2811 det the,pellet
R1755 T2811 T2807 dobj pellet,contain
R1756 T2812 T2811 compound food,pellet
R1757 T2813 T2814 punct (,S
R1758 T2814 T2802 parataxis S,digging
R1759 T2815 T2814 punct -,S
R1760 T2816 T2814 punct ),S
R1761 T2817 T2818 punct (,Fig.
R1762 T2818 T2802 parataxis Fig.,digging
R1763 T2819 T2818 dep error,Fig.
R1764 T2820 T2819 prep of,error
R1765 T2821 T2820 pobj commission,of
R1766 T2822 T2818 punct ;,Fig.
R1767 T2823 T2818 nummod 5A,Fig.
R1768 T2824 T2818 punct ),Fig.
R1769 T2825 T2802 cc versus,digging
R1770 T2826 T2802 conj failing,digging
R1771 T2827 T2828 aux to,respond
R1772 T2828 T2826 xcomp respond,failing
R1773 T2829 T2828 prep within,respond
R1774 T2830 T2831 nummod 3,min
R1775 T2831 T2829 pobj min,within
R1776 T2832 T2831 punct -,min
R1777 T2833 T2831 prep of,min
R1778 T2834 T2833 pobj presentation,of
R1779 T2835 T2836 punct (,Fig.
R1780 T2836 T2826 parataxis Fig.,failing
R1781 T2837 T2836 dep error,Fig.
R1782 T2838 T2837 prep of,error
R1783 T2839 T2838 pobj omission,of
R1784 T2840 T2836 punct ;,Fig.
R1785 T2841 T2836 nummod 5B,Fig.
R1786 T2842 T2836 punct ),Fig.
R1787 T2843 T2844 mark that,committed
R1788 T2844 T2790 ccomp committed,revealed
R1789 T2845 T2846 det both,genotypes
R1790 T2846 T2844 nsubj genotypes,committed
R1791 T2847 T2844 advmod chiefly,committed
R1792 T2848 T2844 dobj errors,committed
R1793 T2849 T2848 prep of,errors
R1794 T2850 T2849 pobj commission,of
R1795 T2851 T2848 cc versus,errors
R1796 T2852 T2848 conj errors,errors
R1797 T2853 T2852 prep of,errors
R1798 T2854 T2853 pobj omission,of
R1799 T2855 T2856 punct (,0.05
R1800 T2856 T2844 parataxis 0.05,committed
R1801 T2857 T2858 nmod D2R,mice
R1802 T2858 T2862 dep mice,0.01
R1803 T2859 T2857 punct -,D2R
R1804 T2860 T2857 punct /,D2R
R1805 T2861 T2857 punct -,D2R
R1806 T2862 T2856 dep 0.01,0.05
R1807 T2863 T2862 punct ", ",0.01
R1808 T2864 T2865 nsubj U,0.00
R1809 T2865 T2862 ccomp 0.00,0.01
R1810 T2866 T2865 punct =,0.00
R1811 T2867 T2862 punct ;,0.01
R1812 T2868 T2862 nsubj p,0.01
R1813 T2869 T2862 punct <,0.01
R1814 T2870 T2856 punct ;,0.05
R1815 T2871 T2872 nmod D2R,mice
R1816 T2872 T2856 dep mice,0.05
R1817 T2873 T2871 punct +,D2R
R1818 T2874 T2871 punct /,D2R
R1819 T2875 T2871 punct +,D2R
R1820 T2876 T2877 nsubj U,9.00
R1821 T2877 T2856 ccomp 9.00,0.05
R1822 T2878 T2877 punct =,9.00
R1823 T2879 T2856 punct ", ",0.05
R1824 T2880 T2856 nsubj p,0.05
R1825 T2881 T2856 punct <,0.05
R1826 T2882 T2856 punct ),0.05
R1827 T2883 T2844 punct ", ",committed
R1828 T2884 T2885 nmod D2R,mice
R1829 T2885 T2889 nsubj mice,committed
R1830 T2886 T2884 punct -,D2R
R1831 T2887 T2884 punct /,D2R
R1832 T2888 T2884 punct -,D2R
R1833 T2889 T2844 conj committed,committed
R1834 T2890 T2891 amod more,errors
R1835 T2891 T2889 dobj errors,committed
R1836 T2892 T2891 compound commission,errors
R1837 T2893 T2891 prep than,errors
R1838 T2894 T2895 nmod D2R,mice
R1839 T2895 T2893 pobj mice,than
R1840 T2896 T2894 punct +,D2R
R1841 T2897 T2894 punct /,D2R
R1842 T2898 T2894 punct +,D2R
R1843 T2899 T2900 punct (,0.05
R1844 T2900 T2889 parataxis 0.05,committed
R1845 T2901 T2902 nsubj U,5.00
R1846 T2902 T2900 ccomp 5.00,0.05
R1847 T2903 T2902 punct =,5.00
R1848 T2904 T2900 punct ", ",0.05
R1849 T2905 T2900 nsubj p,0.05
R1850 T2906 T2900 punct <,0.05
R1851 T2907 T2900 punct ),0.05
R1852 T2908 T2889 punct ", ",committed
R1853 T2909 T2889 cc and,committed
R1854 T2910 T2911 expl there,were
R1855 T2911 T2889 conj were,committed
R1856 T2912 T2913 det no,differences
R1857 T2913 T2911 attr differences,were
R1858 T2914 T2913 prep between,differences
R1859 T2915 T2916 nmod D2R,mice
R1860 T2916 T2914 pobj mice,between
R1861 T2917 T2915 punct -,D2R
R1862 T2918 T2915 punct /,D2R
R1863 T2919 T2915 punct -,D2R
R1864 T2920 T2915 cc and,D2R
R1865 T2921 T2915 conj D2R,D2R
R1866 T2922 T2921 punct +,D2R
R1867 T2923 T2921 punct /,D2R
R1868 T2924 T2921 punct +,D2R
R1869 T2925 T2913 prep in,differences
R1870 T2926 T2927 compound omission,errors
R1871 T2927 T2925 pobj errors,in
R1872 T2928 T2929 punct (,0.65
R1873 T2929 T2911 parataxis 0.65,were
R1874 T2930 T2931 nsubj U,27.5
R1875 T2931 T2929 ccomp 27.5,0.65
R1876 T2932 T2931 punct =,27.5
R1877 T2933 T2929 punct ", ",0.65
R1878 T2934 T2929 nsubj p,0.65
R1879 T2935 T2929 punct =,0.65
R1880 T2936 T2929 punct ),0.65
R1881 T2937 T2790 punct .,revealed
R1882 T2939 T2940 advmod Moreover,indicated
R1883 T2941 T2940 punct ", ",indicated
R1884 T2942 T2943 det the,number
R1885 T2943 T2940 nsubj number,indicated
R1886 T2944 T2943 prep of,number
R1887 T2945 T2946 compound commission,errors
R1888 T2946 T2944 pobj errors,of
R1889 T2947 T2943 acl committed,number
R1890 T2948 T2947 prep during,committed
R1891 T2949 T2950 det the,session
R1892 T2950 T2948 pobj session,during
R1893 T2951 T2950 amod first,session
R1894 T2952 T2950 compound reversal,session
R1895 T2953 T2943 punct (,number
R1896 T2954 T2955 det an,index
R1897 T2955 T2943 appos index,number
R1898 T2956 T2955 prep of,index
R1899 T2957 T2958 nmod stimulus,perseveration
R1900 T2958 T2956 pobj perseveration,of
R1901 T2959 T2957 amod bound,stimulus
R1902 T2960 T2955 punct ", ",index
R1903 T2961 T2962 advmod where,responding
R1904 T2962 T2955 relcl responding,index
R1905 T2963 T2964 det all,animals
R1906 T2964 T2962 nsubj animals,responding
R1907 T2965 T2962 aux are,responding
R1908 T2966 T2962 prep to,responding
R1909 T2967 T2968 det the,contingencies
R1910 T2968 T2966 pobj contingencies,to
R1911 T2969 T2968 amod reversed,contingencies
R1912 T2970 T2962 prep for,responding
R1913 T2971 T2972 det the,time
R1914 T2972 T2970 pobj time,for
R1915 T2973 T2972 amod first,time
R1916 T2974 T2975 punct ;,Fig.
R1917 T2975 T2943 parataxis Fig.,number
R1918 T2976 T2975 nummod 6,Fig.
R1919 T2977 T2975 punct ),Fig.
R1920 T2978 T2979 det a,deficit
R1921 T2979 T2940 dobj deficit,indicated
R1922 T2980 T2940 prep in,indicated
R1923 T2981 T2982 det the,mice
R1924 T2982 T2980 pobj mice,in
R1925 T2983 T2982 nmod D2R,mice
R1926 T2984 T2983 punct -,D2R
R1927 T2985 T2983 punct /,D2R
R1928 T2986 T2983 punct -,D2R
R1929 T2987 T2940 prep compared,indicated
R1930 T2988 T2987 prep to,compared
R1931 T2989 T2990 det the,mice
R1932 T2990 T2988 pobj mice,to
R1933 T2991 T2990 nmod D2R,mice
R1934 T2992 T2991 punct +,D2R
R1935 T2993 T2991 punct /,D2R
R1936 T2994 T2991 punct +,D2R
R1937 T2995 T2996 punct (,0.01
R1938 T2996 T2940 parataxis 0.01,indicated
R1939 T2997 T2998 nsubj U,8.5
R1940 T2998 T2996 ccomp 8.5,0.01
R1941 T2999 T2998 punct =,8.5
R1942 T3000 T2996 punct ", ",0.01
R1943 T3001 T2996 nsubj p,0.01
R1944 T3002 T2996 punct <,0.01
R1945 T3003 T2996 punct ),0.01
R1946 T3004 T2940 punct .,indicated
R1947 T3006 T3007 advmod Finally,analyzed
R1948 T3008 T3007 punct ", ",analyzed
R1949 T3009 T3007 prep in,analyzed
R1950 T3010 T3011 det an,attempt
R1951 T3011 T3009 pobj attempt,in
R1952 T3012 T3013 aux to,assess
R1953 T3013 T3011 acl assess,attempt
R1954 T3014 T3015 mark whether,occurred
R1955 T3015 T3013 ccomp occurred,assess
R1956 T3016 T3015 nsubj perseveration,occurred
R1957 T3017 T3015 prep across,occurred
R1958 T3018 T3019 amod multiple,sessions
R1959 T3019 T3017 pobj sessions,across
R1960 T3020 T3019 compound reversal,sessions
R1961 T3021 T3022 punct (,Fig.
R1962 T3022 T3013 parataxis Fig.,assess
R1963 T3023 T3022 nummod 7,Fig.
R1964 T3024 T3022 punct ),Fig.
R1965 T3025 T3007 punct ", ",analyzed
R1966 T3026 T3007 nsubj we,analyzed
R1967 T3027 T3028 det the,number
R1968 T3028 T3007 dobj number,analyzed
R1969 T3029 T3028 prep of,number
R1970 T3030 T3031 compound commission,errors
R1971 T3031 T3029 pobj errors,of
R1972 T3032 T3028 acl emitted,number
R1973 T3033 T3032 prep before,emitted
R1974 T3034 T3033 pcomp relearning,before
R1975 T3035 T3036 det the,contingencies
R1976 T3036 T3034 dobj contingencies,relearning
R1977 T3037 T3036 compound reinforcement,contingencies
R1978 T3038 T3034 prep during,relearning
R1979 T3039 T3040 det the,sessions
R1980 T3040 T3038 pobj sessions,during
R1981 T3041 T3040 amod reversal,sessions
R1982 T3042 T3007 punct .,analyzed
R1983 T3044 T3045 det The,data
R1984 T3045 T3046 nsubjpass data,collected
R1985 T3047 T3045 acl depicted,data
R1986 T3048 T3046 auxpass were,collected
R1987 T3049 T3046 prep from,collected
R1988 T3050 T3049 pobj subjects,from
R1989 T3051 T3052 dep that,achieved
R1990 T3052 T3050 relcl achieved,subjects
R1991 T3053 T3052 aux had,achieved
R1992 T3054 T3052 neg not,achieved
R1993 T3055 T3056 det the,criterion
R1994 T3056 T3052 dobj criterion,achieved
R1995 T3057 T3058 nummod 80,%
R1996 T3058 T3059 compound %,performance
R1997 T3059 T3056 compound performance,criterion
R1998 T3060 T3046 punct .,collected
R1999 T3062 T3063 advmod Therefore,5
R2000 T3064 T3063 punct ", ",5
R2001 T3065 T3066 det the,number
R2002 T3066 T3067 nsubj number,is
R2003 T3067 T3063 ccomp is,5
R2004 T3068 T3066 prep of,number
R2005 T3069 T3070 nmod D2R,mice
R2006 T3070 T3068 pobj mice,of
R2007 T3071 T3069 punct +,D2R
R2008 T3072 T3069 punct /,D2R
R2009 T3073 T3069 punct +,D2R
R2010 T3074 T3066 acl represented,number
R2011 T3075 T3074 prep in,represented
R2012 T3076 T3077 compound session,#
R2013 T3077 T3075 pobj #,in
R2014 T3078 T3077 nummod 1,#
R2015 T3079 T3067 attr 8,is
R2016 T3080 T3063 punct ", ",5
R2017 T3081 T3082 prep in,8
R2018 T3082 T3063 ccomp 8,5
R2019 T3083 T3084 compound session,#
R2020 T3084 T3081 pobj #,in
R2021 T3085 T3084 nummod 2,#
R2022 T3086 T3082 nsubj n,8
R2023 T3087 T3082 punct =,8
R2024 T3088 T3063 punct ", ",5
R2025 T3089 T3090 compound session,#
R2026 T3090 T3091 npadvmod #,6
R2027 T3091 T3063 ccomp 6,5
R2028 T3092 T3090 nummod 3,#
R2029 T3093 T3091 nsubj n,6
R2030 T3094 T3091 punct =,6
R2031 T3095 T3096 punct (,met
R2032 T3096 T3091 parataxis met,6
R2033 T3097 T3098 nummod 2,mice
R2034 T3098 T3096 nsubj mice,met
R2035 T3099 T3100 poss our,criterion
R2036 T3100 T3096 dobj criterion,met
R2037 T3101 T3096 punct ),met
R2038 T3102 T3063 punct ", ",5
R2039 T3103 T3063 prep in,5
R2040 T3104 T3105 compound session,#
R2041 T3105 T3103 pobj #,in
R2042 T3106 T3105 nummod 4,#
R2043 T3107 T3063 nsubj n,5
R2044 T3108 T3063 punct =,5
R2045 T3109 T3110 punct (,met
R2046 T3110 T3063 parataxis met,5
R2047 T3111 T3110 nsubj three,met
R2048 T3112 T3113 det the,criterion
R2049 T3113 T3110 dobj criterion,met
R2050 T3114 T3110 punct ),met
R2051 T3115 T3063 punct .,5
R2052 T3117 T3118 prep Following,met
R2053 T3119 T3117 pobj session,Following
R2054 T3120 T3119 nummod 5,session
R2055 T3121 T3118 punct ", ",met
R2056 T3122 T3123 det the,mice
R2057 T3123 T3118 nsubj mice,met
R2058 T3124 T3123 amod remaining,mice
R2059 T3125 T3123 nummod 5,mice
R2060 T3126 T3123 nmod D2R,mice
R2061 T3127 T3126 punct +,D2R
R2062 T3128 T3126 punct /,D2R
R2063 T3129 T3126 punct +,D2R
R2064 T3130 T3118 aux had,met
R2065 T3131 T3118 dobj criteria,met
R2066 T3132 T3118 punct .,met
R2067 T3134 T3135 prep For,represents
R2068 T3136 T3137 det the,mice
R2069 T3137 T3134 pobj mice,For
R2070 T3138 T3137 nmod D2R,mice
R2071 T3139 T3138 punct -,D2R
R2072 T3140 T3138 punct /,D2R
R2073 T3141 T3138 punct -,D2R
R2074 T3142 T3135 punct ", ",represents
R2075 T3143 T3144 det each,point
R2076 T3144 T3135 nsubj point,represents
R2077 T3145 T3144 prep on,point
R2078 T3146 T3147 det the,graph
R2079 T3147 T3145 pobj graph,on
R2080 T3148 T3149 nummod 8,subjects
R2081 T3149 T3135 dobj subjects,represents
R2082 T3150 T3135 punct .,represents
R2083 T3152 T3153 nsubj None,achieved
R2084 T3154 T3152 prep of,None
R2085 T3155 T3156 det the,mice
R2086 T3156 T3154 pobj mice,of
R2087 T3157 T3156 nmod D2R,mice
R2088 T3158 T3157 punct -,D2R
R2089 T3159 T3157 punct /,D2R
R2090 T3160 T3157 punct -,D2R
R2091 T3161 T3162 det the,criterion
R2092 T3162 T3153 dobj criterion,achieved
R2093 T3163 T3162 prep of,criterion
R2094 T3164 T3165 nummod 80,%
R2095 T3165 T3166 compound %,accuracy
R2096 T3166 T3163 pobj accuracy,of
R2097 T3167 T3153 prep by,achieved
R2098 T3168 T3167 pobj session,by
R2099 T3169 T3168 nummod 5,session
R2100 T3170 T3153 punct .,achieved
R2101 T3172 T3173 prep For,was
R2102 T3174 T3175 det the,ANOVA
R2103 T3175 T3172 pobj ANOVA,For
R2104 T3176 T3175 amod overall,ANOVA
R2105 T3177 T3178 nummod 2,way
R2106 T3178 T3175 compound way,ANOVA
R2107 T3179 T3178 punct -,way
R2108 T3180 T3173 punct ", ",was
R2109 T3181 T3173 expl there,was
R2110 T3182 T3183 det a,difference
R2111 T3183 T3173 attr difference,was
R2112 T3184 T3183 amod significant,difference
R2113 T3185 T3183 prep between,difference
R2114 T3186 T3185 pobj genotypes,between
R2115 T3187 T3183 prep for,difference
R2116 T3188 T3189 det the,number
R2117 T3189 T3187 pobj number,for
R2118 T3190 T3189 prep of,number
R2119 T3191 T3192 amod perseverative,errors
R2120 T3192 T3190 pobj errors,of
R2121 T3193 T3194 punct (,0.001
R2122 T3194 T3173 parataxis 0.001,was
R2123 T3195 T3196 nsubj F1,16.61
R2124 T3196 T3194 ccomp 16.61,0.001
R2125 T3197 T3195 punct ",",F1
R2126 T3198 T3195 nummod 51,F1
R2127 T3199 T3196 punct =,16.61
R2128 T3200 T3194 punct ", ",0.001
R2129 T3201 T3194 nsubj p,0.001
R2130 T3202 T3194 punct <,0.001
R2131 T3203 T3194 punct ),0.001
R2132 T3204 T3173 punct .,was
R2145 T4023 T4024 prep In,sought
R2146 T4025 T4026 det this,study
R2147 T4026 T4023 pobj study,In
R2148 T4027 T4024 punct ", ",sought
R2149 T4028 T4024 nsubj we,sought
R2150 T4029 T4030 aux to,determine
R2151 T4030 T4024 xcomp determine,sought
R2152 T4031 T4032 det the,contribution
R2153 T4032 T4030 dobj contribution,determine
R2154 T4033 T4032 prep of,contribution
R2155 T4034 T4035 compound dopamine,D2
R2156 T4035 T4036 compound D2,receptor
R2157 T4036 T4037 npadvmod receptor,mediated
R2158 T4037 T4039 amod mediated,signaling
R2159 T4038 T4037 punct -,mediated
R2160 T4039 T4033 pobj signaling,of
R2161 T4040 T4032 prep to,contribution
R2162 T4041 T4042 det the,stages
R2163 T4042 T4040 pobj stages,to
R2164 T4043 T4042 amod various,stages
R2165 T4044 T4042 prep of,stages
R2166 T4045 T4046 amod associative,learning
R2167 T4046 T4044 pobj learning,of
R2168 T4047 T4045 cc and,associative
R2169 T4048 T4045 conj reversal,associative
R2170 T4049 T4024 punct .,sought
R2171 T4051 T4052 nmod D2R,mice
R2172 T4052 T4056 nsubj mice,demonstrated
R2173 T4053 T4051 punct -,D2R
R2174 T4054 T4051 punct /,D2R
R2175 T4055 T4051 punct -,D2R
R2176 T4057 T4058 mark that,were
R2177 T4058 T4056 ccomp were,demonstrated
R2178 T4059 T4058 nsubj they,were
R2179 T4060 T4058 acomp capable,were
R2180 T4061 T4060 prep of,capable
R2181 T4062 T4061 pcomp learning,of
R2182 T4063 T4064 aux to,locate
R2183 T4064 T4062 xcomp locate,learning
R2184 T4065 T4064 cc and,locate
R2185 T4066 T4064 conj consume,locate
R2186 T4067 T4068 compound food,pellets
R2187 T4068 T4066 dobj pellets,consume
R2188 T4069 T4056 punct ", ",demonstrated
R2189 T4070 T4056 advcl indicating,demonstrated
R2190 T4071 T4072 mark that,disrupted
R2191 T4072 T4070 ccomp disrupted,indicating
R2192 T4073 T4074 poss their,behavior
R2193 T4074 T4072 nsubjpass behavior,disrupted
R2194 T4075 T4074 compound locomotor,behavior
R2195 T4076 T4072 auxpass was,disrupted
R2196 T4077 T4072 neg not,disrupted
R2197 T4078 T4072 advmod detectably,disrupted
R2198 T4079 T4072 cc and,disrupted
R2199 T4080 T4081 poss their,motivation
R2200 T4081 T4083 nsubj motivation,was
R2201 T4082 T4081 amod primary,motivation
R2202 T4083 T4072 conj was,disrupted
R2203 T4084 T4085 aux to,obtain
R2204 T4085 T4081 acl obtain,motivation
R2205 T4086 T4087 det a,reinforcer
R2206 T4087 T4085 dobj reinforcer,obtain
R2207 T4088 T4087 amod natural,reinforcer
R2208 T4089 T4087 punct (,reinforcer
R2209 T4090 T4091 compound food,pellet
R2210 T4091 T4087 appos pellet,reinforcer
R2211 T4092 T4087 punct ),reinforcer
R2212 T4093 T4083 acomp undisturbed,was
R2213 T4094 T4056 punct .,demonstrated
R2214 T4096 T4097 advmod Rather,argues
R2215 T4098 T4097 punct ", ",argues
R2216 T4099 T4100 det the,ability
R2217 T4100 T4097 nsubj ability,argues
R2218 T4101 T4100 amod impaired,ability
R2219 T4102 T4100 prep of,ability
R2220 T4103 T4104 nmod D2R,mice
R2221 T4104 T4102 pobj mice,of
R2222 T4105 T4103 punct -,D2R
R2223 T4106 T4103 punct /,D2R
R2224 T4107 T4103 punct -,D2R
R2225 T4108 T4109 aux to,assign
R2226 T4109 T4100 acl assign,ability
R2227 T4110 T4111 amod appropriate,relationships
R2228 T4111 T4109 dobj relationships,assign
R2229 T4112 T4113 amod discriminative,stimulus
R2230 T4113 T4111 compound stimulus,relationships
R2231 T4114 T4109 prep in,assign
R2232 T4115 T4116 det an,task
R2233 T4116 T4114 pobj task,in
R2234 T4117 T4116 compound operant,task
R2235 T4118 T4116 compound discrimination,task
R2236 T4119 T4120 mark that,contributes
R2237 T4120 T4097 ccomp contributes,argues
R2238 T4121 T4122 npadvmod D2R,mediated
R2239 T4122 T4124 amod mediated,signaling
R2240 T4123 T4122 punct -,mediated
R2241 T4124 T4120 nsubj signaling,contributes
R2242 T4125 T4120 prep to,contributes
R2243 T4126 T4127 det the,processes
R2244 T4127 T4125 pobj processes,to
R2245 T4128 T4127 amod neuronal,processes
R2246 T4129 T4127 acl involved,processes
R2247 T4130 T4129 prep in,involved
R2248 T4131 T4130 pcomp attaching,in
R2249 T4132 T4131 dobj salience,attaching
R2250 T4133 T4131 prep to,attaching
R2251 T4134 T4135 amod environmental,stimuli
R2252 T4135 T4133 pobj stimuli,to
R2253 T4136 T4097 punct .,argues
R2254 T4138 T4139 det The,capacity
R2255 T4139 T4141 nsubj capacity,argues
R2256 T4140 T4139 amod deficient,capacity
R2257 T4142 T4139 prep of,capacity
R2258 T4143 T4144 nmod D2R,mice
R2259 T4144 T4142 pobj mice,of
R2260 T4145 T4143 punct -,D2R
R2261 T4146 T4143 punct /,D2R
R2262 T4147 T4143 punct -,D2R
R2263 T4148 T4149 aux to,disengage
R2264 T4149 T4139 acl disengage,capacity
R2265 T4150 T4151 amod inappropriate,strategies
R2266 T4151 T4149 dobj strategies,disengage
R2267 T4152 T4151 compound decision,strategies
R2268 T4153 T4141 advmod strongly,argues
R2269 T4154 T4155 mark that,is
R2270 T4155 T4141 ccomp is,argues
R2271 T4156 T4157 amod mesolimbic,signaling
R2272 T4157 T4155 nsubj signaling,is
R2273 T4158 T4157 compound dopamine,signaling
R2274 T4159 T4157 punct ", ",signaling
R2275 T4160 T4157 acl mediated,signaling
R2276 T4161 T4160 agent by,mediated
R2277 T4162 T4163 compound dopamine,D2Rs
R2278 T4163 T4161 pobj D2Rs,by
R2279 T4164 T4155 acomp essential,is
R2280 T4165 T4166 mark for,occur
R2281 T4166 T4155 advcl occur,is
R2282 T4167 T4168 amod efficient,learning
R2283 T4168 T4166 nsubj learning,occur
R2284 T4169 T4168 compound reversal,learning
R2285 T4170 T4166 aux to,occur
R2286 T4171 T4141 punct .,argues
R2287 T4173 T4174 nsubj Mice,displayed
R2288 T4175 T4173 prep with,Mice
R2289 T4176 T4175 cc or,with
R2290 T4177 T4175 conj without,with
R2291 T4178 T4179 amod intact,signaling
R2292 T4179 T4177 pobj signaling,without
R2293 T4180 T4181 compound dopamine,D2R
R2294 T4181 T4182 npadvmod D2R,mediated
R2295 T4182 T4179 amod mediated,signaling
R2296 T4183 T4182 punct -,mediated
R2297 T4184 T4185 amod similar,decreases
R2298 T4185 T4174 dobj decreases,displayed
R2299 T4186 T4185 prep in,decreases
R2300 T4187 T4186 pobj latencies,in
R2301 T4188 T4189 aux to,retrieve
R2302 T4189 T4187 acl retrieve,latencies
R2303 T4190 T4191 amod unhidden,pellets
R2304 T4191 T4189 dobj pellets,retrieve
R2305 T4192 T4191 compound food,pellets
R2306 T4193 T4194 punct (,Fig.
R2307 T4194 T4174 parataxis Fig.,displayed
R2308 T4195 T4194 nummod 1,Fig.
R2309 T4196 T4194 punct ),Fig.
R2310 T4197 T4174 cc and,displayed
R2311 T4198 T4174 conj learned,displayed
R2312 T4199 T4200 aux to,dig
R2313 T4200 T4198 xcomp dig,learned
R2314 T4201 T4200 prep for,dig
R2315 T4202 T4201 pobj food,for
R2316 T4203 T4202 acl buried,food
R2317 T4204 T4203 prep in,buried
R2318 T4205 T4206 amod unscented,sand
R2319 T4206 T4204 pobj sand,in
R2320 T4207 T4208 punct (,Fig.
R2321 T4208 T4200 parataxis Fig.,dig
R2322 T4209 T4208 nummod 2,Fig.
R2323 T4210 T4208 punct ),Fig.
R2324 T4211 T4174 punct .,displayed
R2325 T4213 T4214 det These,findings
R2326 T4214 T4215 nsubj findings,are
R2327 T4216 T4215 prep in,are
R2328 T4217 T4218 amod complete,agreement
R2329 T4218 T4216 pobj agreement,in
R2330 T4219 T4218 prep with,agreement
R2331 T4220 T4221 amod earlier,studies
R2332 T4221 T4219 pobj studies,with
R2333 T4222 T4223 dep that,utilized
R2334 T4223 T4221 relcl utilized,studies
R2335 T4224 T4223 dobj rats,utilized
R2336 T4225 T4224 cc and,rats
R2337 T4226 T4227 advmod fairly,selective
R2338 T4227 T4228 amod selective,antagonists
R2339 T4228 T4224 conj antagonists,rats
R2340 T4229 T4228 compound D2R,antagonists
R2341 T4230 T4231 punct [,3
R2342 T4231 T4228 parataxis 3,antagonists
R2343 T4232 T4233 punct -,8
R2344 T4233 T4231 prep 8,3
R2345 T4234 T4231 punct ],3
R2346 T4235 T4224 punct ", ",rats
R2347 T4236 T4237 advmod as,as
R2348 T4237 T4224 cc as,rats
R2349 T4238 T4237 advmod well,as
R2350 T4239 T4240 advmod even,lesions
R2351 T4240 T4224 conj lesions,rats
R2352 T4241 T4242 advmod very,extensive
R2353 T4242 T4240 amod extensive,lesions
R2354 T4243 T4244 nummod 6,OHDA
R2355 T4244 T4240 compound OHDA,lesions
R2356 T4245 T4244 punct -,OHDA
R2357 T4246 T4247 punct [,11
R2358 T4247 T4240 parataxis 11,lesions
R2359 T4248 T4247 nummod 1,11
R2360 T4249 T4247 punct ",",11
R2361 T4250 T4247 nummod 10,11
R2362 T4251 T4247 punct ",",11
R2363 T4252 T4247 punct ],11
R2364 T4253 T4223 prep in,utilized
R2365 T4254 T4255 amod associative,paradigms
R2366 T4255 T4253 pobj paradigms,in
R2367 T4256 T4254 cc and,associative
R2368 T4257 T4254 conj operant,associative
R2369 T4258 T4255 compound learning,paradigms
R2370 T4259 T4215 punct .,are
R2371 T4261 T4262 poss Our,results
R2372 T4262 T4263 nsubj results,add
R2373 T4264 T4263 prep to,add
R2374 T4265 T4266 det a,literature
R2375 T4266 T4264 pobj literature,to
R2376 T4267 T4266 amod growing,literature
R2377 T4268 T4266 acl demonstrating,literature
R2378 T4269 T4270 det a,role
R2379 T4270 T4268 dobj role,demonstrating
R2380 T4271 T4270 amod negligible,role
R2381 T4272 T4270 prep of,role
R2382 T4273 T4272 pobj dopamine,of
R2383 T4274 T4273 punct ", ",dopamine
R2384 T4275 T4273 cc and,dopamine
R2385 T4276 T4277 advmod now,D2Rs
R2386 T4277 T4273 conj D2Rs,dopamine
R2387 T4278 T4277 punct ", ",D2Rs
R2388 T4279 T4277 advmod specifically,D2Rs
R2389 T4280 T4277 punct ", ",D2Rs
R2390 T4281 T4270 prep in,role
R2391 T4282 T4283 det the,value
R2392 T4283 T4281 pobj value,in
R2393 T4284 T4283 amod unconditioned,value
R2394 T4285 T4284 cc or,unconditioned
R2395 T4286 T4284 conj hedonic,unconditioned
R2396 T4287 T4283 prep of,value
R2397 T4288 T4289 amod natural,reinforcers
R2398 T4289 T4287 pobj reinforcers,of
R2399 T4290 T4289 punct (,reinforcers
R2400 T4291 T4289 nmod food,reinforcers
R2401 T4292 T4289 punct ),reinforcers
R2402 T4293 T4294 punct [,2
R2403 T4294 T4289 parataxis 2,reinforcers
R2404 T4295 T4294 nummod 1,2
R2405 T4296 T4294 punct ",",2
R2406 T4297 T4294 punct ],2
R2407 T4298 T4263 punct .,add
R2408 T4300 T4301 det The,skill
R2409 T4301 T4304 nsubj skill,suggests
R2410 T4302 T4303 advmod comparatively,poor
R2411 T4303 T4301 amod poor,skill
R2412 T4305 T4301 prep of,skill
R2413 T4306 T4307 nmod D2R,mice
R2414 T4307 T4305 pobj mice,of
R2415 T4308 T4306 punct -,D2R
R2416 T4309 T4306 punct /,D2R
R2417 T4310 T4306 punct -,D2R
R2418 T4311 T4301 prep during,skill
R2419 T4312 T4313 compound discrimination,trials
R2420 T4313 T4311 pobj trials,during
R2421 T4314 T4315 det a,role
R2422 T4315 T4304 dobj role,suggests
R2423 T4316 T4315 prep for,role
R2424 T4317 T4316 pobj D2Rs,for
R2425 T4318 T4304 prep in,suggests
R2426 T4319 T4318 pobj acquisition,in
R2427 T4320 T4319 prep of,acquisition
R2428 T4321 T4322 amod appropriate,relationships
R2429 T4322 T4320 pobj relationships,of
R2430 T4323 T4322 nmod S,relationships
R2431 T4324 T4323 punct +,S
R2432 T4325 T4323 punct /,S
R2433 T4326 T4323 appos S,S
R2434 T4327 T4326 punct -,S
R2435 T4328 T4319 prep in,acquisition
R2436 T4329 T4330 nmod operant,learning
R2437 T4330 T4328 pobj learning,in
R2438 T4331 T4330 amod associative,learning
R2439 T4332 T4304 punct .,suggests
R2440 T4334 T4335 amod Several,studies
R2441 T4335 T4336 nsubj studies,demonstrated
R2442 T4337 T4336 aux have,demonstrated
R2443 T4338 T4339 mark that,mediated
R2444 T4339 T4336 ccomp mediated,demonstrated
R2445 T4340 T4341 preconj both,acquisition
R2446 T4341 T4339 nsubjpass acquisition,mediated
R2447 T4342 T4341 det the,acquisition
R2448 T4343 T4344 punct [,7
R2449 T4344 T4341 parataxis 7,acquisition
R2450 T4345 T4344 nummod 6,7
R2451 T4346 T4344 punct ",",7
R2452 T4347 T4344 punct ],7
R2453 T4348 T4341 cc and,acquisition
R2454 T4349 T4341 conj expression,acquisition
R2455 T4350 T4351 punct [,9
R2456 T4351 T4349 parataxis 9,expression
R2457 T4352 T4351 punct ],9
R2458 T4353 T4341 prep of,acquisition
R2459 T4354 T4355 amod associative,learning
R2460 T4355 T4353 pobj learning,of
R2461 T4356 T4339 auxpass are,mediated
R2462 T4357 T4339 agent by,mediated
R2463 T4358 T4359 compound dopamine,D1Rs
R2464 T4359 T4357 pobj D1Rs,by
R2465 T4360 T4336 punct .,demonstrated
R2466 T4362 T4363 amod Most,reviews
R2467 T4363 T4365 nsubj reviews,identify
R2468 T4364 T4363 compound literature,reviews
R2469 T4366 T4367 compound dopamine,D1Rs
R2470 T4367 T4365 dobj D1Rs,identify
R2471 T4368 T4365 prep with,identify
R2472 T4369 T4370 npadvmod dopamine,mediated
R2473 T4370 T4372 amod mediated,learning
R2474 T4371 T4370 punct -,mediated
R2475 T4372 T4368 pobj learning,with
R2476 T4373 T4365 cc and,identify
R2477 T4374 T4365 conj D2Rs,identify
R2478 T4375 T4374 prep with,D2Rs
R2479 T4376 T4377 npadvmod motor,related
R2480 T4377 T4378 amod related,behaviors
R2481 T4378 T4375 pobj behaviors,with
R2482 T4379 T4380 punct [,24
R2483 T4380 T4378 parataxis 24,behaviors
R2484 T4381 T4380 advmod e.g.,24
R2485 T4382 T4380 punct [,24
R2486 T4383 T4380 punct ],24
R2487 T4384 T4380 punct ],24
R2488 T4385 T4365 punct .,identify
R2489 T4387 T4388 advmod Moreover,reported
R2490 T4389 T4388 punct ", ",reported
R2491 T4390 T4388 nsubjpass it,reported
R2492 T4391 T4388 aux has,reported
R2493 T4392 T4388 auxpass been,reported
R2494 T4393 T4394 mark that,improves
R2495 T4394 T4388 ccomp improves,reported
R2496 T4395 T4396 amod acute,administration
R2497 T4396 T4394 nsubj administration,improves
R2498 T4397 T4396 prep of,administration
R2499 T4398 T4399 det the,antagonist
R2500 T4399 T4397 pobj antagonist,of
R2501 T4400 T4401 nmod dopamine,D2
R2502 T4401 T4399 nmod D2,antagonist
R2503 T4402 T4401 punct /,D2
R2504 T4403 T4401 nummod 3,D2
R2505 T4404 T4399 punct ", ",antagonist
R2506 T4405 T4399 appos raclopride,antagonist
R2507 T4406 T4394 punct ", ",improves
R2508 T4407 T4394 advmod actually,improves
R2509 T4408 T4394 dobj acquisition,improves
R2510 T4409 T4408 prep of,acquisition
R2511 T4410 T4411 npadvmod food,motivated
R2512 T4411 T4413 amod motivated,learning
R2513 T4412 T4411 punct -,motivated
R2514 T4413 T4409 pobj learning,of
R2515 T4414 T4413 amod associative,learning
R2516 T4415 T4416 punct [,6
R2517 T4416 T4388 parataxis 6,reported
R2518 T4417 T4416 punct ],6
R2519 T4418 T4388 punct .,reported
R2520 T4420 T4421 advmod However,given
R2521 T4422 T4421 punct ", ",given
R2522 T4423 T4424 advmod only,administrations
R2523 T4424 T4421 nsubjpass administrations,given
R2524 T4425 T4424 amod acute,administrations
R2525 T4426 T4424 prep of,administrations
R2526 T4427 T4426 pobj antagonists,of
R2527 T4428 T4421 auxpass were,given
R2528 T4429 T4421 punct ", ",given
R2529 T4430 T4421 cc and,given
R2530 T4431 T4432 nsubjpass learning,measured
R2531 T4432 T4421 conj measured,given
R2532 T4433 T4432 auxpass was,measured
R2533 T4434 T4432 neg not,measured
R2534 T4435 T4432 prep during,measured
R2535 T4436 T4437 amod complete,blockade
R2536 T4437 T4435 pobj blockade,during
R2537 T4438 T4437 nmod D1R,blockade
R2538 T4439 T4438 cc or,D1R
R2539 T4440 T4438 conj D2R,D1R
R2540 T4441 T4442 punct [,6
R2541 T4442 T4432 parataxis 6,measured
R2542 T4443 T4442 punct ],6
R2543 T4444 T4421 punct .,given
R2544 T4446 T4447 advmod Significantly,failed
R2545 T4448 T4447 punct ", ",failed
R2546 T4449 T4450 det the,reports
R2547 T4450 T4447 nsubj reports,failed
R2548 T4451 T4450 acl cited,reports
R2549 T4452 T4451 advmod above,cited
R2550 T4453 T4454 aux to,address
R2551 T4454 T4447 xcomp address,failed
R2552 T4455 T4456 det the,limitations
R2553 T4456 T4454 dobj limitations,address
R2554 T4457 T4456 amod technical,limitations
R2555 T4458 T4456 prep of,limitations
R2556 T4459 T4460 det the,approach
R2557 T4460 T4458 pobj approach,of
R2558 T4461 T4456 punct : ,limitations
R2559 T4462 T4463 advmod i.e.,lack
R2560 T4463 T4456 acl lack,limitations
R2561 T4464 T4463 mark that,lack
R2562 T4465 T4466 det the,antagonists
R2563 T4466 T4463 nsubj antagonists,lack
R2564 T4467 T4466 acl used,antagonists
R2565 T4468 T4469 amod adequate,specificity
R2566 T4469 T4463 dobj specificity,lack
R2567 T4470 T4469 compound subtype,specificity
R2568 T4471 T4463 cc and,lack
R2569 T4472 T4473 advmod only,partially
R2570 T4473 T4474 advmod partially,blocked
R2571 T4474 T4463 conj blocked,lack
R2572 T4475 T4476 npadvmod D2R,mediated
R2573 T4476 T4478 amod mediated,signaling
R2574 T4477 T4476 punct -,mediated
R2575 T4478 T4474 dobj signaling,blocked
R2576 T4479 T4480 advmod thus,making
R2577 T4480 T4463 advcl making,lack
R2578 T4481 T4482 nsubj it,impossible
R2579 T4482 T4480 ccomp impossible,making
R2580 T4483 T4484 aux to,assess
R2581 T4484 T4482 advcl assess,impossible
R2582 T4485 T4484 advmod rigorously,assess
R2583 T4486 T4487 det the,role
R2584 T4487 T4484 dobj role,assess
R2585 T4488 T4487 prep of,role
R2586 T4489 T4490 npadvmod D2R,mediated
R2587 T4490 T4492 amod mediated,signaling
R2588 T4491 T4490 punct -,mediated
R2589 T4492 T4488 pobj signaling,of
R2590 T4493 T4487 prep in,role
R2591 T4494 T4495 amod associative,learning
R2592 T4495 T4493 pobj learning,in
R2593 T4496 T4494 cc and,associative
R2594 T4497 T4494 conj reversal,associative
R2595 T4498 T4447 punct .,failed
R2596 T4500 T4501 advmod Additionally,addressed
R2597 T4502 T4501 punct ", ",addressed
R2598 T4503 T4501 nsubj none,addressed
R2599 T4504 T4503 prep of,none
R2600 T4505 T4506 det these,studies
R2601 T4506 T4504 pobj studies,of
R2602 T4507 T4508 det the,observation
R2603 T4508 T4501 dobj observation,addressed
R2604 T4509 T4510 mark that,depend
R2605 T4510 T4508 acl depend,observation
R2606 T4511 T4512 det the,effects
R2607 T4512 T4510 nsubj effects,depend
R2608 T4513 T4512 prep of,effects
R2609 T4514 T4515 compound D2R,antagonists
R2610 T4515 T4513 pobj antagonists,of
R2611 T4516 T4512 prep on,effects
R2612 T4517 T4516 pobj locomotion,on
R2613 T4518 T4517 cc and,locomotion
R2614 T4519 T4517 conj learning,locomotion
R2615 T4520 T4510 prep on,depend
R2616 T4521 T4522 mark whether,is
R2617 T4522 T4520 pcomp is,on
R2618 T4523 T4522 nsubj exposure,is
R2619 T4524 T4522 acomp chronic,is
R2620 T4525 T4524 cc or,chronic
R2621 T4526 T4524 conj acute,chronic
R2622 T4527 T4528 punct [,16
R2623 T4528 T4501 parataxis 16,addressed
R2624 T4529 T4528 advmod e.g.,16
R2625 T4530 T4528 punct [,16
R2626 T4531 T4528 nummod 15,16
R2627 T4532 T4528 punct ",",16
R2628 T4533 T4528 punct ],16
R2629 T4534 T4528 punct ],16
R2630 T4535 T4501 punct .,addressed
R2631 T4537 T4538 mark That,orchestrates
R2632 T4538 T4543 csubj orchestrates,is
R2633 T4539 T4540 npadvmod D2R,mediated
R2634 T4540 T4542 amod mediated,signaling
R2635 T4541 T4540 punct -,mediated
R2636 T4542 T4538 nsubj signaling,orchestrates
R2637 T4544 T4545 advmod just,components
R2638 T4545 T4538 dobj components,orchestrates
R2639 T4546 T4545 amod motor,components
R2640 T4547 T4545 prep of,components
R2641 T4548 T4547 pobj learning,of
R2642 T4549 T4550 det a,conclusion
R2643 T4550 T4543 attr conclusion,is
R2644 T4551 T4552 dep that,is
R2645 T4552 T4550 relcl is,conclusion
R2646 T4553 T4552 advmod potentially,is
R2647 T4554 T4552 acomp biased,is
R2648 T4555 T4552 prep due,is
R2649 T4556 T4555 pcomp to,due
R2650 T4557 T4558 det the,practice
R2651 T4558 T4555 pobj practice,due
R2652 T4559 T4558 prep of,practice
R2653 T4560 T4559 pobj avoiding,of
R2654 T4561 T4560 dobj doses,avoiding
R2655 T4562 T4561 prep of,doses
R2656 T4563 T4562 pobj drugs,of
R2657 T4564 T4565 dep that,induce
R2658 T4565 T4561 relcl induce,doses
R2659 T4566 T4565 dobj catalepsy,induce
R2660 T4567 T4560 punct (,avoiding
R2661 T4568 T4560 cc and,avoiding
R2662 T4569 T4570 advmod therefore,measuring
R2663 T4570 T4560 conj measuring,avoiding
R2664 T4571 T4572 advmod only,blockade
R2665 T4572 T4570 dobj blockade,measuring
R2666 T4573 T4572 amod partial,blockade
R2667 T4574 T4572 prep of,blockade
R2668 T4575 T4576 compound dopamine,D2Rs
R2669 T4576 T4574 pobj D2Rs,of
R2670 T4577 T4560 punct ),avoiding
R2671 T4578 T4560 cc and,avoiding
R2672 T4579 T4580 amod single,administrations
R2673 T4580 T4560 conj administrations,avoiding
R2674 T4581 T4582 punct [,3
R2675 T4582 T4543 parataxis 3,is
R2676 T4583 T4582 advmod e.g.,3
R2677 T4584 T4582 punct [,3
R2678 T4585 T4582 punct ],3
R2679 T4586 T4582 punct ],3
R2680 T4587 T4543 punct .,is
R2681 T4589 T4590 advmod Quite,possibly
R2682 T4590 T4591 advmod possibly,masked
R2683 T4592 T4591 punct ", ",masked
R2684 T4593 T4594 det the,role
R2685 T4594 T4591 nsubjpass role,masked
R2686 T4595 T4594 amod functional,role
R2687 T4596 T4594 prep of,role
R2688 T4597 T4596 pobj D2Rs,of
R2689 T4598 T4594 prep in,role
R2690 T4599 T4600 amod associative,learning
R2691 T4600 T4598 pobj learning,in
R2692 T4601 T4591 aux might,masked
R2693 T4602 T4591 auxpass be,masked
R2694 T4603 T4604 advmod because,of
R2695 T4604 T4591 prep of,masked
R2696 T4605 T4606 det this,concern
R2697 T4606 T4604 pobj concern,of
R2698 T4607 T4606 prep about,concern
R2699 T4608 T4609 compound locomotor,disruption
R2700 T4609 T4607 pobj disruption,about
R2701 T4610 T4611 punct [,8
R2702 T4611 T4591 parataxis 8,masked
R2703 T4612 T4611 nummod 2,8
R2704 T4613 T4611 punct ",",8
R2705 T4614 T4611 nummod 6,8
R2706 T4615 T4611 punct ",",8
R2707 T4616 T4611 punct ],8
R2708 T4617 T4591 punct .,masked
R2709 T4619 T4620 nsubj Doses,disrupt
R2710 T4621 T4619 prep of,Doses
R2711 T4622 T4621 pobj raclopride,of
R2712 T4623 T4624 advmod as,0.5
R2713 T4624 T4627 nummod 0.5,mg
R2714 T4625 T4624 amod low,0.5
R2715 T4626 T4624 quantmod as,0.5
R2716 T4627 T4619 appos mg,Doses
R2717 T4628 T4629 punct /,kg
R2718 T4629 T4627 prep kg,mg
R2719 T4630 T4620 advmod significantly,disrupt
R2720 T4631 T4632 amod motor,behavior
R2721 T4632 T4620 dobj behavior,disrupt
R2722 T4633 T4634 punct [,25
R2723 T4634 T4620 parataxis 25,disrupt
R2724 T4635 T4634 punct ],25
R2725 T4636 T4620 punct ", ",disrupt
R2726 T4637 T4638 mark although,used
R2727 T4638 T4620 advcl used,disrupt
R2728 T4639 T4640 det this,dose
R2729 T4640 T4638 nsubjpass dose,used
R2730 T4641 T4640 amod peripheral,dose
R2731 T4642 T4638 auxpass is,used
R2732 T4643 T4638 advmod consistently,used
R2733 T4644 T4638 prep in,used
R2734 T4645 T4646 amod learning,paradigms
R2735 T4646 T4644 pobj paradigms,in
R2736 T4647 T4648 punct [,6
R2737 T4648 T4638 parataxis 6,used
R2738 T4649 T4648 advmod e.g.,6
R2739 T4650 T4648 punct [,6
R2740 T4651 T4648 punct ],6
R2741 T4652 T4648 punct ],6
R2742 T4653 T4620 punct .,disrupt
R2743 T4655 T4656 nsubj One,ask
R2744 T4657 T4656 aux might,ask
R2745 T4658 T4656 advmod then,ask
R2746 T4659 T4656 punct : ,ask
R2747 T4660 T4656 punct """",ask
R2748 T4661 T4662 advmod How,dissociated
R2749 T4662 T4656 ccomp dissociated,ask
R2750 T4663 T4662 advmod then,dissociated
R2751 T4664 T4662 aux could,dissociated
R2752 T4665 T4666 det the,role
R2753 T4666 T4662 nsubjpass role,dissociated
R2754 T4667 T4666 prep of,role
R2755 T4668 T4667 pobj D2Rs,of
R2756 T4669 T4666 prep in,role
R2757 T4670 T4671 amod associative,learning
R2758 T4671 T4669 pobj learning,in
R2759 T4672 T4662 auxpass be,dissociated
R2760 T4673 T4662 prep from,dissociated
R2761 T4674 T4675 amod motor,behavior
R2762 T4675 T4673 pobj behavior,from
R2763 T4676 T4656 punct ?,ask
R2764 T4677 T4656 punct """",ask
R2765 T4679 T4680 amod Seminal,experiments
R2766 T4680 T4681 nsubj experiments,demonstrated
R2767 T4682 T4683 punct [,26
R2768 T4683 T4680 parataxis 26,experiments
R2769 T4684 T4685 punct -,28
R2770 T4685 T4683 prep 28,26
R2771 T4686 T4683 punct ],26
R2772 T4687 T4681 aux have,demonstrated
R2773 T4688 T4681 advmod clearly,demonstrated
R2774 T4689 T4690 mark that,leads
R2775 T4690 T4681 ccomp leads,demonstrated
R2776 T4691 T4692 amod repeated,administration
R2777 T4692 T4690 nsubj administration,leads
R2778 T4693 T4692 prep of,administration
R2779 T4694 T4695 npadvmod catalepsy,inducing
R2780 T4695 T4697 amod inducing,doses
R2781 T4696 T4695 punct -,inducing
R2782 T4697 T4693 pobj doses,of
R2783 T4698 T4697 prep of,doses
R2784 T4699 T4700 compound D2R,antagonists
R2785 T4700 T4698 pobj antagonists,of
R2786 T4701 T4692 prep in,administration
R2787 T4702 T4701 pobj rodents,in
R2788 T4703 T4690 advmod actually,leads
R2789 T4704 T4690 prep to,leads
R2790 T4705 T4706 det a,tolerance
R2791 T4706 T4704 pobj tolerance,to
R2792 T4707 T4706 amod striking,tolerance
R2793 T4708 T4706 amod behavioral,tolerance
R2794 T4709 T4706 prep to,tolerance
R2795 T4710 T4709 pobj catalepsy,to
R2796 T4711 T4681 punct .,demonstrated
R2797 T4713 T4714 det These,doses
R2798 T4714 T4715 nsubjpass doses,shown
R2799 T4716 T4715 aux have,shown
R2800 T4717 T4715 auxpass been,shown
R2801 T4718 T4719 aux to,occupy
R2802 T4719 T4715 xcomp occupy,shown
R2803 T4720 T4721 advmod well,80
R2804 T4721 T4723 nummod 80,%
R2805 T4722 T4721 quantmod over,80
R2806 T4723 T4719 dobj %,occupy
R2807 T4724 T4723 prep of,%
R2808 T4725 T4726 amod available,D2Rs
R2809 T4726 T4724 pobj D2Rs,of
R2810 T4727 T4728 punct [,29
R2811 T4728 T4715 parataxis 29,shown
R2812 T4729 T4728 punct ],29
R2813 T4730 T4715 punct .,shown
R2814 T4732 T4733 amod Future,experiments
R2815 T4733 T4734 nsubj experiments,be
R2816 T4735 T4733 acl measuring,experiments
R2817 T4736 T4735 dobj acquisition,measuring
R2818 T4737 T4736 prep of,acquisition
R2819 T4738 T4739 amod associative,learning
R2820 T4739 T4737 pobj learning,of
R2821 T4740 T4735 prep in,measuring
R2822 T4741 T4740 pobj rodents,in
R2823 T4742 T4743 dep that,received
R2824 T4743 T4741 relcl received,rodents
R2825 T4744 T4745 amod chronic,administration
R2826 T4745 T4743 dobj administration,received
R2827 T4746 T4745 prep of,administration
R2828 T4747 T4748 compound D2R,antagonists
R2829 T4748 T4746 pobj antagonists,of
R2830 T4749 T4743 cc and,received
R2831 T4750 T4743 conj demonstrated,received
R2832 T4751 T4752 amod behavioral,tolerance
R2833 T4752 T4750 dobj tolerance,demonstrated
R2834 T4753 T4752 prep to,tolerance
R2835 T4754 T4755 poss their,effects
R2836 T4755 T4753 pobj effects,to
R2837 T4756 T4755 nmod motor,effects
R2838 T4757 T4755 amod disrupting,effects
R2839 T4758 T4734 aux would,be
R2840 T4759 T4760 det a,test
R2841 T4760 T4734 attr test,be
R2842 T4761 T4760 amod logical,test
R2843 T4762 T4760 prep of,test
R2844 T4763 T4764 det this,hypothesis
R2845 T4764 T4762 pobj hypothesis,of
R2846 T4765 T4734 punct .,be
R2847 T4767 T4768 advmod However,have
R2848 T4769 T4768 punct ", ",have
R2849 T4770 T4771 det the,realization
R2850 T4771 T4768 nsubj realization,have
R2851 T4772 T4773 mark that,targeted
R2852 T4773 T4771 acl targeted,realization
R2853 T4774 T4775 amod multiple,subtypes
R2854 T4775 T4773 nsubjpass subtypes,targeted
R2855 T4776 T4777 compound dopamine,receptor
R2856 T4777 T4775 compound receptor,subtypes
R2857 T4778 T4773 aux would,targeted
R2858 T4863 T4862 amod parental,strain
R2859 T4779 T4773 auxpass be,targeted
R2860 T4864 T4858 prep for,backcrossed
R2861 T4780 T4773 advmod concurrently,targeted
R2862 T4865 T4866 det a,minimum
R2863 T4866 T4864 pobj minimum,for
R2864 T4867 T4866 prep of,minimum
R2865 T4781 T4773 prep with,targeted
R2866 T4868 T4869 nummod 10,generations
R2867 T4869 T4867 pobj generations,of
R2868 T4782 T4783 det the,antagonists
R2869 T4870 T4848 punct ),compensation
R2870 T4871 T4844 punct ", ",revealed
R2871 T4872 T4844 nsubj use,revealed
R2872 T4783 T4781 pobj antagonists,with
R2873 T4873 T4872 prep of,use
R2874 T4874 T4875 poss our,animals
R2875 T4875 T4873 pobj animals,of
R2876 T4784 T4785 advmod presently,available
R2877 T4876 T4875 amod inbred,animals
R2878 T4877 T4878 punct (,generation
R2879 T4785 T4783 amod available,antagonists
R2880 T4878 T4875 parataxis generation,animals
R2881 T4879 T4878 compound N20,generation
R2882 T4880 T4878 punct ),generation
R2883 T4786 T4785 advmod commercially,available
R2884 T4881 T4872 prep in,use
R2885 T4882 T4883 det the,study
R2886 T4883 T4881 pobj study,in
R2887 T4787 T4783 punct ", ",antagonists
R2888 T4884 T4883 amod present,study
R2889 T4885 T4883 punct (,study
R2890 T4886 T4887 advmod where,detected
R2891 T4788 T4789 amod such,as
R2892 T4887 T4883 relcl detected,study
R2893 T4888 T4889 det no,differences
R2894 T4789 T4783 prep as,antagonists
R2895 T4889 T4887 nsubjpass differences,detected
R2896 T4890 T4889 prep in,differences
R2897 T4891 T4892 compound locomotor,behavior
R2898 T4790 T4789 pobj D2Rs,as
R2899 T4892 T4890 pobj behavior,in
R2900 T4791 T4790 punct ", ",D2Rs
R2901 T4893 T4887 auxpass were,detected
R2902 T4894 T4887 prep between,detected
R2903 T4895 T4896 nmod D2R,mice
R2904 T4792 T4790 conj D3Rs,D2Rs
R2905 T4896 T4894 pobj mice,between
R2906 T4793 T4792 punct ", ",D3Rs
R2907 T4897 T4895 punct -,D2R
R2908 T4898 T4895 punct /,D2R
R2909 T4794 T4792 cc and,D3Rs
R2910 T4899 T4895 punct -,D2R
R2911 T4900 T4895 cc and,D2R
R2912 T4901 T4895 conj D2R,D2R
R2913 T4902 T4901 punct +,D2R
R2914 T4903 T4901 punct /,D2R
R2915 T4795 T4792 conj D4Rs,D3Rs
R2916 T4904 T4901 punct +,D2R
R2917 T4905 T4906 punct ;,Figs.
R2918 T4906 T4872 parataxis Figs.,use
R2919 T4796 T4768 aux would,have
R2920 T4907 T4906 nummod 1,Figs.
R2921 T4908 T4906 cc &,Figs.
R2922 T4797 T4798 aux to,rectified
R2923 T4909 T4906 conj 2,Figs.
R2924 T4910 T4906 punct ),Figs.
R2925 T4911 T4912 det a,role
R2926 T4798 T4768 xcomp rectified,have
R2927 T4912 T4844 dobj role,revealed
R2928 T4913 T4914 advmod previously,unappreciated
R2929 T4914 T4912 amod unappreciated,role
R2930 T4799 T4798 auxpass be,rectified
R2931 T4915 T4912 prep of,role
R2932 T4916 T4917 npadvmod D2R,mediated
R2933 T4800 T4768 punct .,have
R2934 T4917 T4919 amod mediated,signaling
R2935 T4918 T4917 punct -,mediated
R2936 T4919 T4915 pobj signaling,of
R2937 T4802 T4803 nsubj We,argue
R2938 T4920 T4912 prep in,role
R2939 T4921 T4922 amod associative,learning
R2940 T4922 T4920 pobj learning,in
R2941 T4923 T4922 cc and,learning
R2942 T4804 T4803 aux would,argue
R2943 T4924 T4922 conj attention,learning
R2944 T4925 T4926 dep that,measured
R2945 T4926 T4912 relcl measured,role
R2946 T4805 T4806 mark that,is
R2947 T4927 T4926 aux could,measured
R2948 T4928 T4926 neg not,measured
R2949 T4929 T4926 auxpass be,measured
R2950 T4806 T4803 ccomp is,argue
R2951 T4930 T4926 prep with,measured
R2952 T4931 T4932 det the,antagonists
R2953 T4807 T4808 det the,approach
R2954 T4932 T4930 pobj antagonists,with
R2955 T4933 T4934 advmod currently,available
R2956 T4934 T4932 amod available,antagonists
R2957 T4808 T4806 nsubj approach,is
R2958 T4935 T4932 punct ", ",antagonists
R2959 T4936 T4937 advmod acutely,administered
R2960 T4809 T4810 advmod most,parsimonious
R2961 T4937 T4932 amod administered,antagonists
R2962 T4938 T4932 compound D2R,antagonists
R2963 T4939 T4844 punct .,revealed
R2964 T4941 T4942 det A,analysis
R2965 T4942 T4944 nsubj analysis,suggest
R2966 T4810 T4808 amod parsimonious,approach
R2967 T4943 T4942 amod cursory,analysis
R2968 T4945 T4942 prep of,analysis
R2969 T4811 T4808 prep at,approach
R2970 T4946 T4947 poss our,data
R2971 T4947 T4945 pobj data,of
R2972 T4812 T4813 det this,time
R2973 T4948 T4944 aux might,suggest
R2974 T4949 T4944 prep to,suggest
R2975 T4950 T4949 pobj some,to
R2976 T4813 T4811 pobj time,at
R2977 T4951 T4952 mark that,conferred
R2978 T4952 T4944 ccomp conferred,suggest
R2979 T4814 T4815 aux to,utilize
R2980 T4953 T4954 det the,manipulation
R2981 T4954 T4952 nsubj manipulation,conferred
R2982 T4955 T4954 amod genetic,manipulation
R2983 T4815 T4806 xcomp utilize,is
R2984 T4956 T4954 prep of,manipulation
R2985 T4957 T4958 det the,locus
R2986 T4958 T4956 pobj locus,of
R2987 T4816 T4815 dobj mice,utilize
R2988 T4959 T4958 compound drd2,locus
R2989 T4960 T4961 det a,impairment
R2990 T4817 T4818 dep that,altered
R2991 T4961 T4952 dobj impairment,conferred
R2992 T4962 T4961 amod gross,impairment
R2993 T4963 T4961 amod olfactory,impairment
R2994 T4818 T4816 relcl altered,mice
R2995 T4964 T4952 prep to,conferred
R2996 T4965 T4966 det the,mice
R2997 T4819 T4818 aux have,altered
R2998 T4966 T4964 pobj mice,to
R2999 T4967 T4966 nmod D2R,mice
R3000 T4968 T4967 punct -,D2R
R3001 T4820 T4818 auxpass been,altered
R3002 T4821 T4818 advmod genetically,altered
R3003 T4822 T4823 amod such,lacking
R3004 T4823 T4818 advcl lacking,altered
R3005 T4969 T4967 punct /,D2R
R3006 T4824 T4823 mark that,lacking
R3007 T4970 T4967 punct -,D2R
R3008 T4971 T4944 punct .,suggest
R3009 T4825 T4823 nsubj they,lacking
R3010 T4973 T4974 advmod Rather,argue
R3011 T4826 T4823 aux are,lacking
R3012 T4975 T4974 punct ", ",argue
R3013 T4827 T4828 nummod one,alleles
R3014 T4976 T4974 nsubj we,argue
R3015 T4977 T4978 mark that,is
R3016 T4978 T4974 ccomp is,argue
R3017 T4979 T4978 nsubj this,is
R3018 T4980 T4978 neg not,is
R3019 T4981 T4978 acomp likely,is
R3020 T4982 T4983 mark because,learn
R3021 T4828 T4823 dobj alleles,lacking
R3022 T4983 T4978 advcl learn,is
R3023 T4829 T4827 cc or,one
R3025 T4985 T4983 nsubj mice,learn
R3026 T4830 T4827 conj both,one
R3027 T4986 T4985 nmod D2R,mice
R3028 T4987 T4986 punct -,D2R
R3029 T4988 T4986 punct /,D2R
R3030 T4831 T4828 amod functional,alleles
R3031 T4989 T4986 punct -,D2R
R3032 T4990 T4983 aux did,learn
R3033 T4991 T4992 aux to,retrieve
R3034 T4832 T4828 prep of,alleles
R3035 T4992 T4983 xcomp retrieve,learn
R3036 T4833 T4834 det the,receptor
R3037 T4834 T4832 pobj receptor,of
R3038 T4993 T4994 det the,pellets
R3039 T4835 T4834 amod specific,receptor
R3040 T4994 T4992 dobj pellets,retrieve
R3041 T4836 T4834 prep of,receptor
R3042 T4995 T4994 compound food,pellets
R3043 T4996 T4992 prep from,retrieve
R3044 T4837 T4836 pobj interest,of
R3045 T4997 T4998 det the,dishes
R3046 T4998 T4996 pobj dishes,from
R3047 T4999 T4983 cc and,learn
R3048 T4838 T4803 punct .,argue
R3049 T5000 T5001 advmod eventually,learned
R3050 T5001 T4983 conj learned,learn
R3051 T4840 T4841 mark While,have
R3052 T5002 T5003 aux to,discriminate
R3053 T5003 T5001 xcomp discriminate,learned
R3054 T5004 T5003 advmod accurately,discriminate
R3055 T5005 T5003 dobj odors,discriminate
R3056 T4841 T4844 advcl have,revealed
R3057 T5006 T4974 punct .,argue
R3058 T4842 T4841 nsubj they,have
R3059 T5008 T5009 amod Recent,data
R3060 T5009 T5011 nsubj data,demonstrate
R3061 T5010 T5009 amod electrophysiological,data
R3062 T4843 T4841 aux do,have
R3063 T5012 T5013 mark that,located
R3064 T4845 T4846 poss their,limitations
R3065 T5013 T5011 ccomp located,demonstrate
R3066 T5014 T5015 compound dopamine,D2R's
R3067 T5015 T5013 nsubjpass D2R's,located
R3068 T5016 T5013 auxpass are,located
R3069 T5017 T5013 prep on,located
R3070 T5018 T5019 amod glutamatergic,axons
R3071 T4846 T4841 dobj limitations,have
R3072 T5019 T5017 pobj axons,on
R3073 T5020 T5019 amod terminal,axons
R3074 T5021 T5019 prep of,axons
R3075 T4847 T4848 punct (,compensation
R3076 T5022 T5023 amod olfactory,nerves
R3077 T5023 T5021 pobj nerves,of
R3078 T5024 T5013 cc and,located
R3079 T4848 T4846 appos compensation,limitations
R3080 T5025 T5013 conj depress,located
R3081 T5026 T5027 amod excitatory,input
R3082 T5027 T5025 dobj input,depress
R3083 T4849 T4848 advmod e.g.,compensation
R3084 T5028 T5027 prep of,input
R3085 T5029 T5030 det the,nerve
R3086 T4850 T4848 amod developmental,compensation
R3087 T4851 T4848 cc and,compensation
R3088 T5030 T5028 pobj nerve,of
R3089 T4852 T4853 compound strain,effects
R3090 T5031 T5030 amod olfactory,nerve
R3091 T5032 T5027 prep to,input
R3092 T5033 T5034 det the,cells
R3093 T4853 T4848 conj effects,compensation
R3094 T5034 T5032 pobj cells,to
R3095 T5035 T5034 amod mitral,cells
R3096 T5036 T5034 prep of,cells
R3097 T4854 T4848 prep in,compensation
R3098 T5037 T5038 det the,bulb
R3099 T5038 T5036 pobj bulb,of
R3100 T5039 T5038 amod olfactory,bulb
R3101 T4855 T4856 compound mouse,lines
R3102 T5040 T5041 punct [,31
R3103 T5041 T5025 parataxis 31,depress
R3104 T5042 T5041 nummod 30,31
R3105 T4856 T4854 pobj lines,in
R3106 T5043 T5041 punct ",",31
R3107 T5044 T5041 punct ],31
R3108 T5045 T5011 punct .,demonstrate
R3109 T4857 T4858 neg not,backcrossed
R3110 T5047 T5048 advmod Consequently,suggest
R3111 T4858 T4856 acl backcrossed,lines
R3112 T5048 T5059 ccomp suggest,affects
R3113 T5049 T5048 punct ", ",suggest
R3114 T5050 T5051 poss our,data
R3115 T4859 T4858 advmod adequately,backcrossed
R3116 T5051 T5048 nsubj data,suggest
R3117 T5052 T5051 punct ", ",data
R3118 T5053 T5051 cc and,data
R3119 T5054 T5051 conj data,data
R3120 T5055 T5054 prep from,data
R3121 T5056 T5057 amod other,studies
R3122 T4860 T4858 prep to,backcrossed
R3123 T5057 T5055 pobj studies,from
R3124 T5058 T5048 punct ", ",suggest
R3125 T4861 T4862 det a,strain
R3126 T5060 T5061 mark that,prevent
R3127 T4862 T4860 pobj strain,to
R3128 T5061 T5048 ccomp prevent,suggest
R3129 T5075 T5076 amod olfactory,stimuli
R3130 T5062 T5063 det the,lack
R3131 T5063 T5061 nsubj lack,prevent
R3132 T5064 T5063 amod complete,lack
R3133 T5065 T5063 prep of,lack
R3134 T5066 T5065 pobj D2Rs,of
R3135 T5076 T5074 pobj stimuli,of
R3136 T5067 T5063 prep in,lack
R3137 T5068 T5069 det the,bulb
R3138 T5069 T5067 pobj bulb,in
R3139 T5077 T5059 punct ;,affects
R3140 T5070 T5069 amod olfactory,bulb
R3141 T5071 T5061 aux does,prevent
R3142 T5078 T5059 advmod rather,affects
R3143 T5072 T5061 neg not,prevent
R3144 T5073 T5061 dobj transduction,prevent
R3145 T5074 T5073 prep of,transduction
R3146 T5079 T5059 nsubj it,affects
R3147 T5080 T5081 det the,ability
R3148 T5081 T5059 dobj ability,affects
R3149 T5082 T5083 aux to,habituate
R3150 T5083 T5081 acl habituate,ability
R3151 T5181 T5180 acomp significant,are
R3152 T5182 T5183 mark because,respond
R3153 T5084 T5083 punct ", ",habituate
R3154 T5183 T5180 advcl respond,are
R3155 T5184 T5185 nmod D2R,mice
R3156 T5185 T5183 nsubj mice,respond
R3157 T5085 T5083 cc or,habituate
R3158 T5186 T5184 punct -,D2R
R3159 T5187 T5184 punct /,D2R
R3160 T5188 T5184 punct -,D2R
R3161 T5086 T5083 conj tune,habituate
R3162 T5189 T5183 prep to,respond
R3163 T5190 T5191 compound food,reinforcers
R3164 T5087 T5086 punct ", ",tune
R3165 T5191 T5189 pobj reinforcers,to
R3166 T5192 T5183 cc and,respond
R3167 T5193 T5194 advmod ultimately,form
R3168 T5088 T5089 amod olfactory,nerve
R3169 T5194 T5183 conj form,respond
R3170 T5195 T5194 cc and,form
R3171 T5196 T5194 conj maintain,form
R3172 T5197 T5198 npadvmod odor,driven
R3173 T5198 T5200 amod driven,relationships
R3174 T5199 T5198 punct -,driven
R3175 T5089 T5090 compound nerve,activity
R3176 T5200 T5196 dobj relationships,maintain
R3177 T5201 T5200 nmod S,relationships
R3178 T5202 T5201 punct +,S
R3179 T5090 T5086 conj activity,tune
R3180 T5203 T5201 punct /,S
R3181 T5091 T5090 acl associated,activity
R3182 T5204 T5201 appos S,S
R3183 T5205 T5204 punct -,S
R3184 T5206 T5207 punct (,behavior
R3185 T5207 T5200 appos behavior,relationships
R3186 T5092 T5091 prep with,associated
R3187 T5208 T5207 det a,behavior
R3188 T5209 T5207 amod putative,behavior
R3189 T5093 T5094 advmod repeatedly,encountered
R3190 T5210 T5211 npadvmod D1R,mediated
R3191 T5211 T5207 amod mediated,behavior
R3192 T5212 T5211 punct -,mediated
R3193 T5094 T5095 amod encountered,concentrations
R3194 T5213 T5214 punct [,6
R3195 T5214 T5196 parataxis 6,maintain
R3196 T5215 T5214 punct ],6
R3197 T5095 T5092 pobj concentrations,with
R3198 T5216 T5196 punct ),maintain
R3199 T5217 T5218 advmod just,as
R3200 T5218 T5183 prep as,respond
R3201 T5096 T5095 prep of,concentrations
R3202 T5219 T5220 nmod D2R,mice
R3203 T5220 T5218 pobj mice,as
R3204 T5221 T5219 punct +,D2R
R3205 T5097 T5098 amod chemical,stimuli
R3206 T5222 T5219 punct /,D2R
R3207 T5223 T5219 punct +,D2R
R3208 T5224 T5225 punct (,targeted
R3209 T5098 T5096 pobj stimuli,of
R3210 T5099 T5100 punct [,32
R3211 T5225 T5220 parataxis targeted,mice
R3212 T5226 T5227 det both,groups
R3213 T5100 T5059 parataxis 32,affects
R3214 T5227 T5228 nsubj groups,achieved
R3215 T5228 T5225 ccomp achieved,targeted
R3216 T5229 T5230 punct ≥,80
R3217 T5101 T5100 punct ],32
R3218 T5230 T5231 nummod 80,%
R3219 T5231 T5232 compound %,accuracy
R3220 T5232 T5228 dobj accuracy,achieved
R3221 T5102 T5059 punct .,affects
R3222 T5233 T5232 compound discrimination,accuracy
R3223 T5234 T5225 punct ", ",targeted
R3224 T5235 T5236 det the,D1Rs
R3225 T5236 T5225 nsubjpass D1Rs,targeted
R3226 T5237 T5236 compound dopamine,D1Rs
R3227 T5238 T5236 prep in,D1Rs
R3228 T5104 T5105 det The,performance
R3229 T5239 T5240 poss our,mice
R3230 T5240 T5238 pobj mice,in
R3231 T5241 T5225 auxpass were,targeted
R3232 T5242 T5225 neg not,targeted
R3233 T5105 T5106 nsubj performance,is
R3234 T5243 T5225 punct ),targeted
R3235 T5244 T5180 punct .,are
R3236 T5107 T5105 prep of,performance
R3237 T5246 T5247 det A,extension
R3238 T5247 T5249 nsubj extension,be
R3239 T5108 T5109 nmod D2R,mice
R3240 T5248 T5247 amod future,extension
R3241 T5250 T5247 prep of,extension
R3242 T5109 T5107 pobj mice,of
R3243 T5251 T5252 det this,study
R3244 T5252 T5250 pobj study,of
R3245 T5110 T5108 punct -,D2R
R3246 T5253 T5249 aux would,be
R3247 T5254 T5255 aux to,test
R3248 T5255 T5249 xcomp test,be
R3249 T5111 T5108 punct /,D2R
R3250 T5256 T5255 dobj performance,test
R3251 T5257 T5256 prep over,performance
R3252 T5258 T5259 det a,number
R3253 T5112 T5108 punct -,D2R
R3254 T5259 T5257 pobj number,over
R3255 T5260 T5259 amod fixed,number
R3256 T5261 T5259 prep of,number
R3257 T5113 T5105 prep during,performance
R3258 T5262 T5261 pobj trials,of
R3259 T5263 T5255 cc and,test
R3260 T5264 T5255 conj determine,test
R3261 T5114 T5115 compound reversal,learning
R3262 T5265 T5264 dobj patterns,determine
R3263 T5266 T5265 prep of,patterns
R3264 T5267 T5268 compound error,rates
R3265 T5115 T5113 pobj learning,during
R3266 T5268 T5266 pobj rates,of
R3267 T5269 T5264 prep during,determine
R3268 T5270 T5269 pobj acquisition,during
R3269 T5116 T5106 acomp deficient,is
R3270 T5271 T5270 prep of,acquisition
R3271 T5272 T5273 det the,tasks
R3272 T5117 T5106 advcl revealing,is
R3273 T5273 T5271 pobj tasks,of
R3274 T5274 T5273 nmod discrimination,tasks
R3275 T5275 T5274 cc and,discrimination
R3276 T5276 T5274 conj reversal,discrimination
R3277 T5277 T5273 compound learning,tasks
R3278 T5278 T5249 punct .,be
R3279 T5280 T5281 det This,manipulation
R3280 T5281 T5282 nsubj manipulation,control
R3281 T5283 T5282 aux would,control
R3282 T5284 T5285 det the,number
R3283 T5118 T5119 det a,role
R3284 T5285 T5282 dobj number,control
R3285 T5119 T5117 dobj role,revealing
R3286 T5120 T5119 prep for,role
R3287 T5121 T5122 compound dopamine,D2R
R3288 T5286 T5285 prep of,number
R3289 T5287 T5286 pobj errors,of
R3290 T5122 T5123 npadvmod D2R,mediated
R3291 T5288 T5282 prep based,control
R3292 T5289 T5288 prep on,based
R3293 T5290 T5289 pobj trials,on
R3294 T5123 T5125 amod mediated,signaling
R3295 T5291 T5290 acl performed,trials
R3296 T5292 T5293 aux to,determine
R3297 T5293 T5282 advcl determine,control
R3298 T5124 T5123 punct -,mediated
R3299 T5294 T5295 mark if,is
R3300 T5295 T5293 ccomp is,determine
R3301 T5296 T5297 det the,difference
R3302 T5125 T5120 pobj signaling,for
R3303 T5297 T5295 nsubj difference,is
R3304 T5298 T5297 amod apparent,difference
R3305 T5299 T5297 prep in,difference
R3306 T5126 T5119 prep in,role
R3307 T5300 T5301 amod absolute,number
R3308 T5301 T5299 pobj number,in
R3309 T5302 T5301 prep of,number
R3310 T5127 T5126 pobj tasks,in
R3311 T5303 T5302 pobj errors,of
R3312 T5304 T5297 acl demonstrated,difference
R3313 T5305 T5304 agent by,demonstrated
R3314 T5128 T5127 acl requiring,tasks
R3315 T5306 T5307 det the,mice
R3316 T5307 T5305 pobj mice,by
R3317 T5308 T5307 amod mutant,mice
R3318 T5129 T5130 amod behavioral,flexibility
R3319 T5309 T5310 punct (,deficit
R3320 T5310 T5297 appos deficit,difference
R3321 T5311 T5310 det the,deficit
R3322 T5130 T5128 dobj flexibility,requiring
R3323 T5312 T5310 amod putative,deficit
R3324 T5313 T5310 compound performance,deficit
R3325 T5314 T5310 punct ),deficit
R3326 T5315 T5316 advmod simply,reflection
R3327 T5316 T5295 attr reflection,is
R3328 T5317 T5316 det a,reflection
R3329 T5132 T5133 amod Perseverative,patterns
R3330 T5318 T5316 prep of,reflection
R3331 T5319 T5320 amod extra,trials
R3332 T5320 T5318 pobj trials,of
R3333 T5321 T5282 punct .,control
R3334 T5133 T5135 nsubj patterns,characterized
R3335 T5323 T5324 advmod Nonetheless,argues
R3336 T5134 T5133 amod behavioral,patterns
R3337 T5136 T5137 det the,mice
R3338 T5325 T5324 punct ", ",argues
R3339 T5326 T5327 det the,inability
R3340 T5137 T5135 dobj mice,characterized
R3341 T5327 T5324 nsubj inability,argues
R3342 T5138 T5137 nmod D2R,mice
R3343 T5328 T5327 prep of,inability
R3344 T5329 T5330 nmod D2R,mice
R3345 T5330 T5328 pobj mice,of
R3346 T5331 T5329 punct -,D2R
R3347 T5139 T5138 punct -,D2R
R3348 T5332 T5329 punct /,D2R
R3349 T5333 T5329 punct -,D2R
R3350 T5140 T5138 punct /,D2R
R3351 T5334 T5335 aux to,disengage
R3352 T5335 T5327 acl disengage,inability
R3353 T5336 T5335 prep from,disengage
R3354 T5141 T5138 punct -,D2R
R3355 T5337 T5338 advmod previously,established
R3356 T5338 T5339 amod established,contingencies
R3357 T5142 T5137 amod relative,mice
R3358 T5339 T5336 pobj contingencies,from
R3359 T5340 T5339 nmod S,contingencies
R3360 T5341 T5340 punct +,S
R3361 T5342 T5340 punct /,S
R3362 T5143 T5142 prep to,relative
R3363 T5343 T5340 appos S,S
R3364 T5344 T5343 punct -,S
R3365 T5144 T5145 nmod D2R,mice
R3366 T5345 T5346 punct (,Fig.
R3367 T5346 T5327 parataxis Fig.,inability
R3368 T5347 T5346 advcl responding,Fig.
R3369 T5145 T5143 pobj mice,to
R3370 T5348 T5347 prep to,responding
R3371 T5349 T5350 det a,stimulus
R3372 T5350 T5348 pobj stimulus,to
R3373 T5146 T5144 punct +,D2R
R3375 T5352 T5346 punct ;,Fig.
R3376 T5353 T5346 nummod 4,Fig.
R3377 T5147 T5144 punct /,D2R
R3378 T5354 T5346 punct ),Fig.
R3379 T5355 T5324 advmod strongly,argues
R3380 T5356 T5357 mark that,modulates
R3381 T5357 T5324 ccomp modulates,argues
R3384 T5148 T5144 punct +,D2R
R3385 T5360 T5359 punct ", ",dopamine
R3386 T5361 T5359 cc and,dopamine
R3387 T5362 T5363 prep in,signaling
R3388 T5149 T5135 prep during,characterized
R3389 T5363 T5359 conj signaling,dopamine
R3390 T5364 T5362 amod particular,in
R3391 T5365 T5366 compound dopamine,D2R
R3392 T5150 T5151 compound reversal,sessions
R3393 T5366 T5367 npadvmod D2R,mediated
R3394 T5151 T5149 pobj sessions,during
R3395 T5367 T5363 amod mediated,signaling
R3396 T5368 T5367 punct -,mediated
R3397 T5369 T5357 punct ", ",modulates
R3398 T5152 T5151 compound learning,sessions
R3399 T5370 T5371 det the,process
R3400 T5371 T5357 dobj process,modulates
R3401 T5372 T5371 prep of,process
R3402 T5153 T5154 punct (,Figure
R3403 T5373 T5372 pcomp alerting,of
R3404 T5374 T5375 det the,subject
R3405 T5154 T5135 parataxis Figure,characterized
R3406 T5155 T5154 nummod 4,Figure
R3407 T5375 T5373 dobj subject,alerting
R3408 T5156 T5154 punct ),Figure
R3409 T5376 T5377 mark that,associated
R3410 T5377 T5373 ccomp associated,alerting
R3411 T5157 T5135 punct ", ",characterized
R3412 T5378 T5379 amod familiar,contingencies
R3413 T5379 T5377 nsubjpass contingencies,associated
R3414 T5380 T5377 auxpass are,associated
R3415 T5158 T5135 conj manifested,characterized
R3416 T5381 T5377 advmod now,associated
R3417 T5382 T5383 amod unexpected,consequences
R3418 T5383 T5377 dep consequences,associated
R3419 T5159 T5158 prep during,manifested
R3420 T5384 T5324 punct .,argues
R3421 T5386 T5387 nsubj Schultz,demonstrated
R3422 T5160 T5161 amod early,trials
R3423 T5388 T5386 cc and,Schultz
R3424 T5161 T5159 pobj trials,during
R3425 T5389 T5386 conj colleagues,Schultz
R3426 T5390 T5387 aux have,demonstrated
R3427 T5391 T5392 mark that,display
R3428 T5162 T5161 compound reversal,trials
R3429 T5163 T5164 punct (,Figure
R3430 T5164 T5159 parataxis Figure,during
R3431 T5392 T5387 ccomp display,demonstrated
R3432 T5393 T5394 compound dopamine,cells
R3433 T5394 T5392 nsubj cells,display
R3434 T5165 T5164 nummod 6,Figure
R3435 T5395 T5396 amod consistent,patterns
R3436 T5396 T5392 dobj patterns,display
R3437 T5397 T5398 amod tonic,firing
R3438 T5166 T5164 punct ),Figure
R3439 T5398 T5396 compound firing,patterns
R3440 T5399 T5392 prep during,display
R3441 T5400 T5399 pobj maintenance,during
R3442 T5167 T5158 cc and,manifested
R3443 T5401 T5400 prep of,maintenance
R3444 T5402 T5403 amod associative,learning
R3445 T5403 T5404 compound learning,tasks
R3446 T5168 T5158 conj persisted,manifested
R3447 T5404 T5401 pobj tasks,of
R3448 T5405 T5406 punct [,33
R3449 T5406 T5387 parataxis 33,demonstrated
R3450 T5169 T5168 prep across,persisted
R3451 T5407 T5406 punct ],33
R3452 T5170 T5171 amod several,sessions
R3453 T5171 T5169 pobj sessions,across
R3454 T5408 T5387 punct .,demonstrated
R3455 T5172 T5173 punct (,Figure
R3456 T5410 T5411 advmod However,occurs
R3457 T5173 T5168 parataxis Figure,persisted
R3458 T5412 T5411 punct ", ",occurs
R3459 T5413 T5414 amod phasic,activity
R3460 T5414 T5411 nsubj activity,occurs
R3461 T5174 T5173 nummod 7,Figure
R3462 T5415 T5414 compound burst,activity
R3463 T5416 T5414 prep of,activity
R3464 T5417 T5418 amod dopaminergic,cells
R3465 T5175 T5173 punct ),Figure
R3466 T5418 T5416 pobj cells,of
R3467 T5176 T5135 punct .,characterized
R3468 T5419 T5420 advmod when,transpire
R3469 T5420 T5411 advcl transpire,occurs
R3470 T5421 T5420 nsubj discrepancies,transpire
R3471 T5178 T5179 det These,findings
R3472 T5422 T5421 prep between,discrepancies
R3473 T5423 T5424 amod predicted,contingencies
R3474 T5424 T5422 pobj contingencies,between
R3475 T5425 T5423 cc and,predicted
R3476 T5179 T5180 nsubj findings,are
R3477 T5426 T5423 conj actual,predicted
R3478 T5427 T5424 compound reinforcement,contingencies
R3479 T5498 T5497 compound dopamine,D2R
R3480 T5428 T5429 punct [,14
R3481 T5429 T5411 parataxis 14,occurs
R3482 T5430 T5429 punct ],14
R3483 T5431 T5411 punct .,occurs
R3484 T5433 T5434 det This,increase
R3485 T5499 T5495 aux might,be
R3486 T5434 T5436 nsubjpass increase,referred
R3487 T5435 T5434 amod robust,increase
R3488 T5500 T5495 prep in,be
R3489 T5437 T5434 prep of,increase
R3490 T5438 T5439 amod dopaminergic,activation
R3491 T5439 T5437 pobj activation,of
R3492 T5501 T5500 pobj fact,in
R3493 T5440 T5439 compound cell,activation
R3494 T5441 T5434 prep in,increase
R3495 T5442 T5441 pobj response,in
R3496 T5502 T5503 det the,point
R3497 T5443 T5442 prep to,response
R3498 T5444 T5445 amod unpredicted,outcomes
R3499 T5445 T5443 pobj outcomes,to
R3500 T5503 T5495 attr point,be
R3501 T5446 T5436 aux has,referred
R3502 T5447 T5436 auxpass been,referred
R3503 T5448 T5436 prep to,referred
R3504 T5504 T5503 amod focal,point
R3505 T5449 T5436 prep as,referred
R3506 T5450 T5451 det an,signal
R3507 T5505 T5503 prep of,point
R3508 T5451 T5449 pobj signal,as
R3509 T5452 T5451 punct """",signal
R3510 T5453 T5451 nmod error,signal
R3511 T5506 T5507 det this,cascade
R3512 T5454 T5451 punct """",signal
R3513 T5455 T5456 punct [,14
R3514 T5456 T5436 parataxis 14,referred
R3515 T5507 T5505 pobj cascade,of
R3516 T5457 T5456 punct ],14
R3517 T5458 T5436 punct .,referred
R3518 T5508 T5509 npadvmod error,signaling
R3519 T5460 T5461 prep To,identified
R3520 T5509 T5507 amod signaling,cascade
R3521 T5462 T5460 pobj date,To
R3522 T5463 T5461 punct ", ",identified
R3523 T5464 T5465 det the,basis
R3524 T5510 T5509 punct -,signaling
R3525 T5465 T5461 nsubjpass basis,identified
R3526 T5466 T5465 amod molecular,basis
R3527 T5467 T5465 prep of,basis
R3528 T5511 T5478 punct .,suggests
R3529 T5468 T5469 det this,signal
R3530 T5469 T5467 pobj signal,of
R3531 T5513 T5514 amod Electrophysiological,data
R3532 T5470 T5469 compound error,signal
R3533 T5471 T5461 aux has,identified
R3534 T5472 T5461 neg not,identified
R3535 T5473 T5461 auxpass been,identified
R3536 T5474 T5461 punct .,identified
R3537 T5476 T5477 det The,inability
R3538 T5514 T5515 nsubj data,support
R3539 T5477 T5478 nsubj inability,suggests
R3540 T5479 T5477 prep of,inability
R3541 T5516 T5515 advmod further,support
R3542 T5480 T5481 det the,mice
R3543 T5481 T5479 pobj mice,of
R3544 T5482 T5481 nmod D2R,mice
R3545 T5483 T5482 punct -,D2R
R3546 T5517 T5518 det the,hypothesis
R3547 T5484 T5482 punct /,D2R
R3548 T5485 T5482 punct -,D2R
R3549 T5518 T5515 dobj hypothesis,support
R3550 T5486 T5487 aux to,desist
R3551 T5487 T5477 acl desist,inability
R3552 T5488 T5487 xcomp responding,desist
R3553 T5519 T5520 mark that,tunes
R3554 T5489 T5488 prep to,responding
R3555 T5490 T5491 det a,stimulus
R3556 T5491 T5489 pobj stimulus,to
R3557 T5520 T5518 acl tunes,hypothesis
R3558 T5492 T5493 advmod previously,reinforced
R3559 T5493 T5491 amod reinforced,stimulus
R3560 T5494 T5495 mark that,be
R3561 T5521 T5520 nsubj signaling,tunes
R3562 T5522 T5521 acl mediated,signaling
R3563 T5495 T5478 ccomp be,suggests
R3564 T5523 T5522 agent by,mediated
R3565 T5496 T5497 det the,D2R
R3566 T5497 T5495 nsubj D2R,be
R3567 T5524 T5525 compound dopamine,D2Rs
R3568 T5525 T5523 pobj D2Rs,by
R3569 T5526 T5527 npadvmod D1R,mediated
R3570 T5527 T5529 amod mediated,output
R3571 T5604 T5605 nsubj Carlsson,speculated
R3572 T5528 T5527 punct -,mediated
R3573 T5606 T5604 cc and,Carlsson
R3574 T5607 T5604 conj colleagues,Carlsson
R3575 T5529 T5520 dobj output,tunes
R3576 T5608 T5609 punct [,35
R3577 T5609 T5607 parataxis 35,colleagues
R3578 T5610 T5609 punct ],35
R3579 T5530 T5529 amod mesocorticolimbic,output
R3580 T5611 T5605 aux have,speculated
R3581 T5612 T5613 mark that,serves
R3582 T5613 T5605 ccomp serves,speculated
R3583 T5531 T5515 punct .,support
R3584 T5614 T5615 compound dopamine,D2R
R3585 T5615 T5616 compound D2R,stimulation
R3586 T5616 T5613 nsubj stimulation,serves
R3587 T5617 T5616 prep in,stimulation
R3588 T5618 T5619 det the,striatum
R3589 T5619 T5617 pobj striatum,in
R3590 T5533 T5534 nsubj Calabresi,demonstrated
R3591 T5620 T5621 aux to,brake
R3592 T5621 T5613 xcomp brake,serves
R3593 T5622 T5621 punct """",brake
R3594 T5623 T5621 punct """",brake
R3595 T5535 T5536 advmod et,al.
R3596 T5624 T5621 cc or,brake
R3597 T5625 T5621 conj diminish,brake
R3598 T5626 T5627 amod excitatory,signaling
R3599 T5627 T5625 dobj signaling,diminish
R3600 T5536 T5533 advmod al.,Calabresi
R3601 T5628 T5627 amod corticostriatal,signaling
R3602 T5629 T5627 cc and,signaling
R3603 T5630 T5627 conj plasticity,signaling
R3604 T5537 T5538 punct [,34
R3605 T5631 T5605 punct .,speculated
R3606 T5538 T5533 parataxis 34,Calabresi
R3607 T5633 T5634 advmod Indeed,associated
R3608 T5635 T5634 punct ", ",associated
R3609 T5539 T5538 punct ],34
R3610 T5636 T5637 amod perseverative,behavior
R3611 T5637 T5634 nsubjpass behavior,associated
R3612 T5638 T5634 auxpass is,associated
R3613 T5540 T5541 mark that,associated
R3614 T5639 T5634 prep with,associated
R3615 T5640 T5641 amod over,activity
R3616 T5541 T5534 ccomp associated,demonstrated
R3617 T5641 T5639 pobj activity,with
R3618 T5642 T5641 prep of,activity
R3619 T5542 T5543 amod tetanic,stimulation
R3620 T5643 T5644 det the,striatum
R3621 T5644 T5642 pobj striatum,of
R3622 T5645 T5644 amod dorsal,striatum
R3623 T5543 T5541 nsubjpass stimulation,associated
R3624 T5646 T5641 prep in,activity
R3625 T5647 T5646 pobj rodents,in
R3626 T5544 T5543 prep of,stimulation
R3627 T5648 T5649 punct [,36
R3628 T5649 T5641 parataxis 36,activity
R3629 T5650 T5649 punct ],36
R3630 T5545 T5546 amod dorsal,slices
R3631 T5651 T5641 cc and,activity
R3632 T5652 T5653 amod over,activity
R3633 T5653 T5641 conj activity,activity
R3634 T5546 T5544 pobj slices,of
R3635 T5654 T5653 prep of,activity
R3636 T5655 T5656 det the,caudate
R3637 T5547 T5546 compound striatum,slices
R3638 T5656 T5654 pobj caudate,of
R3639 T5657 T5653 prep in,activity
R3640 T5658 T5657 pobj patients,in
R3641 T5659 T5658 prep with,patients
R3642 T5660 T5659 pobj ADHD,with
R3643 T5661 T5662 punct [,37
R3644 T5548 T5546 acl prepared,slices
R3645 T5662 T5653 parataxis 37,activity
R3646 T5663 T5662 punct ],37
R3647 T5664 T5634 cc and,associated
R3648 T5549 T5548 prep from,prepared
R3649 T5665 T5666 det a,correlation
R3650 T5666 T5669 nsubjpass correlation,reported
R3651 T5667 T5666 amod strong,correlation
R3652 T5550 T5551 nmod D2R,mice
R3653 T5668 T5666 amod inverse,correlation
R3654 T5551 T5549 pobj mice,from
R3655 T5552 T5550 punct -,D2R
R3658 T5553 T5550 punct /,D2R
R3662 T5554 T5550 punct -,D2R
R3665 T5555 T5541 auxpass is,associated
R3668 T5556 T5541 prep with,associated
R3669 T5678 T5679 punct [,22
R3670 T5679 T5669 parataxis 22,reported
R3671 T5557 T5558 amod enhanced,EPSP
R3672 T5680 T5679 punct ],22
R3673 T5681 T5669 punct .,reported
R3674 T5558 T5556 pobj EPSP,with
R3675 T5683 T5684 advmod Importantly,indicate
R3676 T5559 T5558 cc and,EPSP
R3677 T5685 T5684 punct ", ",indicate
R3678 T5686 T5687 poss our,data
R3679 T5560 T5561 prep as,efficacy
R3680 T5687 T5684 nsubj data,indicate
R3681 T5688 T5689 mark that,are
R3682 T5561 T5558 conj efficacy,EPSP
R3683 T5689 T5684 ccomp are,indicate
R3684 T5690 T5691 det the,performances
R3685 T5691 T5689 nsubj performances,are
R3686 T5562 T5563 det a,result
R3687 T5692 T5691 amod poor,performances
R3688 T5693 T5691 acl displayed,performances
R3689 T5694 T5693 agent by,displayed
R3690 T5695 T5696 det the,mice
R3691 T5696 T5694 pobj mice,by
R3692 T5563 T5560 pobj result,as
R3693 T5697 T5696 nmod D2R,mice
R3694 T5698 T5697 punct -,D2R
R3695 T5564 T5561 amod increased,efficacy
R3696 T5699 T5697 punct /,D2R
R3697 T5700 T5697 punct -,D2R
R3698 T5701 T5689 attr manifestations,are
R3699 T5565 T5561 amod striatal,efficacy
R3700 T5702 T5701 prep of,manifestations
R3701 T5703 T5704 compound reversal,learning
R3702 T5704 T5705 compound learning,deficits
R3703 T5566 T5561 amod synaptic,efficacy
R3704 T5705 T5702 pobj deficits,of
R3705 T5706 T5701 cc and,manifestations
R3706 T5707 T5706 neg not,and
R3707 T5567 T5534 punct .,demonstrated
R3708 T5708 T5709 amod gross,impairments
R3709 T5709 T5701 conj impairments,manifestations
R3710 T5569 T5570 prep In,resulted
R3711 T5571 T5569 pobj contrast,In
R3714 T5572 T5570 punct ", ",resulted
R3715 T5712 T5710 conj sensory,motivational
R3717 T5573 T5570 nsubj stimulation,resulted
R3718 T5715 T5716 nsubj We,argue
R3719 T5574 T5573 prep of,stimulation
R3720 T5717 T5716 advmod therefore,argue
R3721 T5718 T5719 mark that,participate
R3722 T5719 T5716 ccomp participate,argue
R3723 T5575 T5576 amod dorsal,slices
R3724 T5720 T5719 nsubj D2Rs,participate
R3725 T5721 T5719 prep in,participate
R3726 T5576 T5574 pobj slices,of
R3727 T5722 T5721 pcomp signaling,in
R3728 T5723 T5722 cc or,signaling
R3729 T5724 T5722 conj alerting,signaling
R3730 T5577 T5576 compound striatum,slices
R3731 T5725 T5726 det the,organism
R3732 T5726 T5724 dobj organism,alerting
R3733 T5727 T5726 prep of,organism
R3734 T5578 T5573 prep from,stimulation
R3735 T5728 T5729 compound learning,contingency
R3736 T5729 T5730 compound contingency,changes
R3737 T5730 T5727 pobj changes,of
R3738 T5579 T5580 amod wild,type
R3739 T5731 T5724 prep during,alerting
R3740 T5732 T5733 compound reversal,learning
R3741 T5580 T5582 compound type,mice
R3742 T5733 T5731 pobj learning,during
R3743 T5734 T5719 cc and,participate
R3744 T5735 T5719 conj sculpt,participate
R3745 T5736 T5737 amod ongoing,behavior
R3746 T5737 T5735 dobj behavior,sculpt
R3747 T5738 T5739 npadvmod goal,directed
R3748 T5581 T5580 punct -,type
R3749 T5739 T5737 amod directed,behavior
R3750 T5740 T5739 punct -,directed
R3751 T5741 T5716 punct .,argue
R3752 T5582 T5578 pobj mice,from
R3753 T5583 T5570 prep in,resulted
R3754 T5584 T5585 compound IPSP,activity
R3755 T5585 T5583 pobj activity,in
R3756 T5586 T5585 punct ", ",activity
R3757 T5587 T5588 amod long,term
R3758 T5588 T5590 compound term,depression
R3759 T5589 T5588 punct -,term
R3760 T5590 T5585 conj depression,activity
R3761 T5591 T5590 punct ", ",depression
R3762 T5592 T5590 cc and,depression
R3763 T5593 T5594 amod decreased,activity
R3764 T5594 T5590 conj activity,depression
R3765 T5595 T5594 amod neuronal,activity
R3766 T5596 T5594 prep of,activity
R3767 T5597 T5598 amod striatal,efferents
R3768 T5598 T5596 pobj efferents,of
R3769 T5599 T5600 punct [,34
R3770 T5600 T5570 parataxis 34,resulted
R3771 T5601 T5600 punct ],34
R3772 T5602 T5570 punct .,resulted
R3775 T5854 T5855 det This,study
R3776 T5855 T5856 nsubj study,demonstrates
R3777 T5857 T5858 mark that,mediate
R3778 T5858 T5856 ccomp mediate,demonstrates
R3779 T5859 T5858 nsubj signaling,mediate
R3780 T5860 T5859 prep by,signaling
R3781 T5861 T5862 compound dopamine,D2Rs
R3782 T5862 T5860 pobj D2Rs,by
R3783 T5863 T5858 aux does,mediate
R3784 T5864 T5858 neg not,mediate
R3785 T5865 T5866 det the,value
R3786 T5866 T5858 dobj value,mediate
R3787 T5867 T5866 amod hedonic,value
R3788 T5868 T5866 prep of,value
R3789 T5869 T5868 pobj reinforcers,of
R3790 T5870 T5856 punct ", ",demonstrates
R3791 T5871 T5856 advcl supporting,demonstrates
R3792 T5872 T5871 cc and,supporting
R3793 T5873 T5871 conj refining,supporting
R3794 T5874 T5875 amod earlier,findings
R3795 T5875 T5873 dobj findings,refining
R3796 T5876 T5877 punct [,2
R3797 T5877 T5856 parataxis 2,demonstrates
R3798 T5878 T5877 nummod 1,2
R3799 T5879 T5877 punct ",",2
R3800 T5880 T5877 punct ],2
R3801 T5881 T5856 punct .,demonstrates
R3802 T5883 T5884 advmod However,demonstrated
R3803 T5885 T5884 punct ", ",demonstrated
R3804 T5886 T5884 nsubj mice,demonstrated
R3805 T5887 T5888 advmod completely,deficient
R3806 T5888 T5886 amod deficient,mice
R3807 T5889 T5888 prep in,deficient
R3808 T5890 T5889 pobj D2Rs,in
R3809 T5891 T5892 amod disrupted,acquisition
R3810 T5892 T5884 dobj acquisition,demonstrated
R3811 T5893 T5892 prep of,acquisition
R3812 T5894 T5895 amod discriminative,stimulus
R3813 T5895 T5896 compound stimulus,relationships
R3814 T5896 T5893 pobj relationships,of
R3815 T5897 T5892 cc and,acquisition
R3816 T5898 T5899 det an,ability
R3817 T5899 T5892 conj ability,acquisition
R3818 T5900 T5899 amod impaired,ability
R3819 T5901 T5902 aux to,recognize
R3820 T5902 T5899 acl recognize,ability
R3821 T5903 T5902 dobj changes,recognize
R3822 T5904 T5903 prep in,changes
R3823 T5905 T5906 amod behavioral,determinants
R3824 T5906 T5904 pobj determinants,in
R3825 T5907 T5884 punct .,demonstrated
R3826 T5909 T5910 advmod Therefore,suggest
R3827 T5911 T5910 punct ", ",suggest
R3828 T5912 T5910 nsubj we,suggest
R3829 T5913 T5914 mark that,involve
R3830 T5914 T5910 ccomp involve,suggest
R3831 T5915 T5914 prep during,involve
R3832 T5916 T5917 amod associative,learning
R3833 T5917 T5915 pobj learning,during
R3834 T5918 T5915 cc or,during
R3835 T5919 T5920 advmod when,modified
R3836 T5920 T5915 conj modified,during
R3837 T5921 T5922 amod unexpected,outcomes
R3838 T5922 T5920 nsubjpass outcomes,modified
R3839 T5923 T5922 compound reinforcement,outcomes
R3840 T5924 T5920 auxpass are,modified
R3841 T5925 T5926 punct (,learning
R3842 T5926 T5920 parataxis learning,modified
R3843 T5927 T5926 compound reversal,learning
R3844 T5928 T5926 punct ),learning
R3845 T5929 T5930 npadvmod dopamine,driven
R3846 T5930 T5932 amod driven,impulses
R3847 T5931 T5930 punct -,driven
R3848 T5932 T5914 nsubj impulses,involve
R3849 T5933 T5932 compound reinforcement,impulses
R3850 T5934 T5914 dobj signaling,involve
R3851 T5935 T5934 acl mediated,signaling
R3852 T5936 T5935 agent by,mediated
R3853 T5937 T5938 compound dopamine,D2Rs
R3854 T5938 T5936 pobj D2Rs,by
R3855 T5939 T5910 punct .,suggest
R3856 T5941 T5942 prep In,receive
R3857 T5943 T5944 det the,course
R3858 T5944 T5941 pobj course,In
R3859 T5945 T5944 prep of,course
R3860 T5946 T5947 amod associative,learning
R3861 T5947 T5945 pobj learning,of
R3862 T5948 T5942 punct ", ",receive
R3863 T5949 T5950 amod striatal,synapses
R3864 T5950 T5942 nsubj synapses,receive
R3865 T5951 T5952 punct [,38
R3866 T5952 T5950 parataxis 38,synapses
R3867 T5953 T5952 punct ],38
R3868 T5954 T5955 npadvmod experience,driven
R3869 T5955 T5957 amod driven,gain
R3870 T5956 T5955 punct -,driven
R3871 T5957 T5942 dobj gain,receive
R3872 T5958 T5959 punct [,7
R3873 T5959 T5942 parataxis 7,receive
R3874 T5960 T5959 punct ],7
R3875 T5961 T5942 punct ", ",receive
R3876 T5962 T5963 advmod thus,permitting
R3877 T5963 T5942 advcl permitting,receive
R3878 T5964 T5965 advmod newly,established
R3879 T5965 T5966 amod established,mediated
R3880 T5966 T5969 amod mediated,signals
R3881 T5967 T5966 npadvmod reinforcement,mediated
R3882 T5968 T5966 punct -,mediated
R3883 T5969 T5963 dobj signals,permitting
R3884 T5970 T5971 aux to,traverse
R3885 T5971 T5963 xcomp traverse,permitting
R3886 T5972 T5973 amod ascending,efferents
R3887 T5973 T5971 dobj efferents,traverse
R3888 T5974 T5975 advmod en,to
R3889 T5975 T5971 prep to,traverse
R3890 T5976 T5975 advmod route,to
R3891 T5977 T5978 det the,cortex
R3892 T5978 T5975 pobj cortex,to
R3893 T5979 T5978 amod frontal,cortex
R3894 T5980 T5971 punct ", ",traverse
R3895 T5981 T5971 advcl completing,traverse
R3896 T5982 T5983 det a,circuit
R3897 T5983 T5981 dobj circuit,completing
R3898 T5984 T5983 amod functional,circuit
R3899 T5985 T5986 amod limbic,motor
R3900 T5986 T5983 amod motor,circuit
R3901 T5987 T5986 punct /,motor
R3902 T5988 T5989 punct [,39
R3903 T5989 T5963 parataxis 39,permitting
R3904 T5990 T5991 punct -,41
R3905 T5991 T5989 prep 41,39
R3906 T5992 T5989 punct ],39
R3907 T5993 T5942 punct .,receive
R3908 T5995 T5996 advmod Possibly,prevents
R3909 T5997 T5996 punct ", ",prevents
R3910 T5998 T5999 det the,lack
R3911 T5999 T5996 nsubj lack,prevents
R3912 T6000 T5999 prep of,lack
R3913 T6001 T6002 compound dopamine,D2R
R3914 T6002 T6003 npadvmod D2R,mediated
R3915 T6003 T6005 amod mediated,signaling
R3916 T6004 T6003 punct -,mediated
R3917 T6005 T6000 pobj signaling,of
R3918 T6006 T5996 dobj refinement,prevents
R3919 T6007 T6006 prep of,refinement
R3920 T6008 T6009 det the,circuits
R3921 T6009 T6007 pobj circuits,of
R3922 T6010 T6009 amod corticostriatal,circuits
R3923 T6011 T6009 compound reinforcement,circuits
R3924 T6012 T6006 prep in,refinement
R3925 T6013 T6014 det the,brains
R3926 T6014 T6012 pobj brains,in
R3927 T6015 T6014 prep of,brains
R3928 T6016 T6017 det the,mice
R3929 T6017 T6015 pobj mice,of
R3930 T6018 T6017 nmod D2R,mice
R3931 T6019 T6018 punct -,D2R
R3932 T6020 T6018 punct /,D2R
R3933 T6021 T6018 punct -,D2R
R3934 T6022 T5996 punct ", ",prevents
R3935 T6023 T6024 advmod thus,impairing
R3936 T6024 T5996 advcl impairing,prevents
R3937 T6025 T6026 poss their,ability
R3938 T6026 T6024 dobj ability,impairing
R3939 T6027 T6028 aux to,form
R3940 T6028 T6026 acl form,ability
R3941 T6029 T6030 nmod S,contingencies
R3942 T6030 T6028 dobj contingencies,form
R3943 T6031 T6029 punct +,S
R3944 T6032 T6029 punct /,S
R3945 T6033 T6029 appos S,S
R3946 T6034 T6033 punct -,S
R3947 T6035 T6028 cc and,form
R3948 T6036 T6028 conj disengage,form
R3949 T6037 T6038 amod inappropriate,responding
R3950 T6038 T6036 dobj responding,disengage
R3951 T6039 T6040 compound dopamine,D1R
R3952 T6040 T6041 npadvmod D1R,mediated
R3953 T6041 T6038 amod mediated,responding
R3954 T6042 T6041 punct -,mediated
R3955 T6043 T6038 amod associative,responding
R3956 T6044 T6045 advmod when,happened
R3957 T6045 T6036 advcl happened,disengage
R3958 T6046 T6047 amod unexpected,consequences
R3959 T6047 T6045 nsubj consequences,happened
R3960 T6048 T6047 prep to,consequences
R3961 T6049 T6050 npadvmod goal,directed
R3962 T6050 T6052 amod directed,behaviors
R3963 T6051 T6050 punct -,directed
R3964 T6052 T6048 pobj behaviors,to
R3965 T6053 T5996 punct .,prevents
R3966 T6055 T6056 advmod Consequently,compelled
R3967 T6057 T6056 punct ", ",compelled
R3968 T6058 T6056 nsubjpass we,compelled
R3969 T6059 T6056 auxpass are,compelled
R3970 T6060 T6061 aux to,conclude
R3971 T6061 T6056 xcomp conclude,compelled
R3972 T6062 T6063 mark that,reveal
R3973 T6063 T6061 ccomp reveal,conclude
R3974 T6064 T6065 det the,deficits
R3975 T6065 T6063 nsubj deficits,reveal
R3976 T6066 T6065 amod perseverative,deficits
R3977 T6067 T6065 compound performance,deficits
R3978 T6068 T6065 acl demonstrated,deficits
R3979 T6069 T6068 agent by,demonstrated
R3980 T6070 T6071 det the,mice
R3981 T6071 T6069 pobj mice,by
R3982 T6072 T6071 nmod D2R,mice
R3983 T6073 T6072 punct -,D2R
R3984 T6074 T6072 punct /,D2R
R3985 T6075 T6072 punct -,D2R
R3986 T6076 T6068 prep in,demonstrated
R3987 T6077 T6078 det the,tasks
R3988 T6078 T6076 pobj tasks,in
R3989 T6079 T6078 acl used,tasks
R3990 T6080 T6079 prep in,used
R3991 T6081 T6082 det the,study
R3992 T6082 T6080 pobj study,in
R3993 T6083 T6082 amod present,study
R3994 T6084 T6085 det a,role
R3995 T6085 T6063 dobj role,reveal
R3996 T6086 T6087 advmod previously,unreported
R3997 T6087 T6085 amod unreported,role
R3998 T6088 T6085 prep for,role
R3999 T6089 T6088 pobj D2Rs,for
R4000 T6090 T6085 prep in,role
R4001 T6091 T6092 amod associative,learning
R4002 T6092 T6090 pobj learning,in
R4003 T6093 T6091 cc and,associative
R4004 T6094 T6091 conj reversal,associative
R4005 T6095 T6056 punct .,compelled
R4006 T6115 T6116 det The,mice
R4007 T6116 T6129 nsubj mice,were
R4008 T6117 T6116 nummod sixteen,mice
R4009 T6118 T6116 punct ", ",mice
R4010 T6119 T6120 compound 8,10
R4011 T6120 T6122 nummod 10,week
R4012 T6121 T6120 punct –,10
R4013 T6122 T6123 npadvmod week,old
R4014 T6123 T6116 amod old,mice
R4015 T6124 T6116 punct ", ",mice
R4016 T6125 T6126 compound 25,30
R4017 T6126 T6128 nummod 30,g
R4018 T6127 T6126 punct –,30
R4019 T6128 T6116 compound g,mice
R4020 T6130 T6131 punct (,8
R4021 T6131 T6116 parataxis 8,mice
R4022 T6132 T6131 prep per,8
R4023 T6133 T6132 pobj genotype,per
R4024 T6134 T6131 punct ),8
R4025 T6135 T6116 acl used,mice
R4026 T6136 T6135 prep in,used
R4027 T6137 T6138 det this,study
R4028 T6138 T6136 pobj study,in
R4029 T6139 T6140 det the,offspring
R4030 T6140 T6129 attr offspring,were
R4031 T6141 T6140 amod congenic,offspring
R4032 T6142 T6140 prep of,offspring
R4033 T6143 T6142 pobj breeders,of
R4034 T6144 T6145 dep that,were
R4035 T6145 T6143 relcl were,breeders
R4036 T6146 T6145 attr descendants,were
R4037 T6147 T6146 prep of,descendants
R4038 T6148 T6149 det the,hybrid
R4039 T6149 T6147 pobj hybrid,of
R4040 T6150 T6149 amod original,hybrid
R4041 T6151 T6149 compound F2,hybrid
R4042 T6152 T6153 punct (,Sv
R4043 T6153 T6149 parataxis Sv,hybrid
R4044 T6154 T6153 nummod 129,Sv
R4045 T6155 T6153 punct /,Sv
R4046 T6156 T6157 punct ×,6J
R4047 T6157 T6153 prep 6J,Sv
R4048 T6158 T6157 compound C57BL,6J
R4049 T6159 T6157 punct /,6J
R4050 T6160 T6161 punct ;,Kelly
R4051 T6161 T6149 meta Kelly,hybrid
R4052 T6162 T6161 nmod et,Kelly
R4053 T6163 T6161 nmod al.,Kelly
R4054 T6164 T6161 punct ", ",Kelly
R4055 T6165 T6161 nummod 1997,Kelly
R4056 T6166 T6161 punct ),Kelly
R4057 T6167 T6168 dep that,backcrossed
R4058 T6168 T6149 relcl backcrossed,hybrid
R4059 T6169 T6168 auxpass was,backcrossed
R4060 T6170 T6168 prep to,backcrossed
R4061 T6171 T6172 amod inbred,stock
R4062 T6172 T6170 pobj stock,to
R4063 T6173 T6174 compound C57Bl,6J
R4064 T6174 T6172 compound 6J,stock
R4065 T6175 T6174 punct /,6J
R4066 T6176 T6177 punct (,Laboratories
R4067 T6177 T6168 parataxis Laboratories,backcrossed
R4068 T6178 T6177 compound Jackson,Laboratories
R4069 T6179 T6177 punct ", ",Laboratories
R4070 T6180 T6177 npadvmod ME,Laboratories
R4071 T6181 T6177 punct ),Laboratories
R4072 T6182 T6129 punct .,were
R4073 T6184 T6185 det This,strategy
R4074 T6185 T6187 nsubjpass strategy,repeated
R4075 T6186 T6185 compound breeding,strategy
R4076 T6188 T6187 auxpass was,repeated
R4077 T6189 T6187 prep for,repeated
R4078 T6190 T6191 nummod 20,generations
R4079 T6191 T6189 pobj generations,for
R4080 T6192 T6191 amod successive,generations
R4081 T6193 T6187 prep with,repeated
R4082 T6194 T6195 det the,gender
R4083 T6195 T6193 pobj gender,with
R4084 T6196 T6195 prep of,gender
R4085 T6197 T6198 det the,mutant
R4086 T6198 T6196 pobj mutant,of
R4087 T6199 T6198 compound donor,mutant
R4088 T6200 T6198 punct /,mutant
R4089 T6201 T6195 acl alternating,gender
R4090 T6202 T6201 prep with,alternating
R4091 T6203 T6204 det each,generation
R4092 T6204 T6202 pobj generation,with
R4093 T6205 T6187 punct .,repeated
R4094 T6207 T6208 det All,subjects
R4095 T6208 T6210 nsubjpass subjects,genotyped
R4096 T6209 T6208 amod experimental,subjects
R4097 T6211 T6210 auxpass were,genotyped
R4098 T6212 T6210 prep by,genotyped
R4099 T6213 T6212 pobj PCR,by
R4100 T6214 T6215 mark as,described
R4101 T6215 T6210 advcl described,genotyped
R4102 T6216 T6215 advmod previously,described
R4103 T6217 T6218 punct [,23
R4104 T6218 T6215 parataxis 23,described
R4105 T6219 T6218 punct ],23
R4106 T6220 T6210 punct .,genotyped
R4107 T6222 T6223 det All,testing
R4108 T6223 T6224 nsubj testing,occured
R4109 T6225 T6224 advmod randomly,occured
R4110 T6226 T6224 prep across,occured
R4111 T6227 T6228 amod estrous,cycles
R4112 T6228 T6226 pobj cycles,across
R4113 T6229 T6224 punct .,occured
R4114 T6231 T6232 det The,Department
R4115 T6232 T6233 nsubj Department,approved
R4116 T6234 T6232 prep of,Department
R4117 T6235 T6236 compound Comparative,Medicine
R4118 T6236 T6234 pobj Medicine,of
R4119 T6237 T6232 prep at,Department
R4120 T6238 T6239 nmod Oregon,University
R4121 T6239 T6237 pobj University,at
R4122 T6240 T6239 nmod Health,University
R4123 T6241 T6240 cc and,Health
R4124 T6242 T6240 conj Science,Health
R4125 T6243 T6244 det all,protocols
R4126 T6244 T6233 dobj protocols,approved
R4127 T6245 T6233 punct ", ",approved
R4128 T6246 T6233 cc and,approved
R4129 T6247 T6248 det all,animals
R4130 T6248 T6249 nsubjpass animals,maintained
R4131 T6249 T6233 conj maintained,approved
R4132 T6250 T6249 auxpass were,maintained
R4133 T6251 T6249 prep in,maintained
R4134 T6252 T6251 pobj accordance,in
R4135 T6253 T6252 prep to,accordance
R4136 T6254 T6255 compound National,Institutes
R4137 T6255 T6256 poss Institutes,Guide
R4138 T6256 T6253 pobj Guide,to
R4139 T6257 T6255 prep of,Institutes
R4140 T6258 T6257 pobj Health,of
R4141 T6259 T6255 case 's,Institutes
R4142 T6260 T6256 prep for,Guide
R4143 T6261 T6262 det the,Care
R4144 T6262 T6260 pobj Care,for
R4145 T6263 T6262 cc and,Care
R4146 T6264 T6262 conj Use,Care
R4147 T6265 T6262 prep of,Care
R4148 T6266 T6267 compound Laboratory,Animals
R4149 T6267 T6265 pobj Animals,of
R4150 T6268 T6249 punct .,maintained
R4151 T6404 T6405 amod Experimental,procedures
R4152 T6407 T6408 compound Odor,training
R4153 T6409 T6408 compound discrimination,training
R4154 T6410 T6408 cc and,training
R4155 T6411 T6408 conj testing,training
R4156 T6413 T6414 det A,paradigm
R4157 T6414 T6419 nsubjpass paradigm,chosen
R4158 T6415 T6416 nummod 2,odor
R4159 T6416 T6414 compound odor,paradigm
R4160 T6417 T6416 punct -,odor
R4161 T6418 T6414 compound discrimination,paradigm
R4162 T6420 T6419 auxpass was,chosen
R4163 T6421 T6422 mark because,permits
R4164 T6422 T6419 advcl permits,chosen
R4165 T6423 T6422 nsubj it,permits
R4166 T6424 T6425 det a,measure
R4167 T6425 T6422 dobj measure,permits
R4168 T6426 T6425 prep of,measure
R4169 T6427 T6428 amod attentional,focus
R4170 T6428 T6426 pobj focus,of
R4171 T6429 T6425 prep in,measure
R4172 T6430 T6431 npadvmod goal,directed
R4173 T6431 T6433 amod directed,behavior
R4174 T6432 T6431 punct -,directed
R4175 T6433 T6429 pobj behavior,in
R4176 T6434 T6419 punct .,chosen
R4177 T6436 T6437 compound Odor,discrimination
R4178 T6437 T6438 nsubjpass discrimination,chosen
R4179 T6439 T6438 auxpass was,chosen
R4180 T6440 T6438 prep as,chosen
R4181 T6441 T6442 det the,task
R4182 T6442 T6440 pobj task,as
R4183 T6443 T6442 amod particular,task
R4184 T6444 T6445 mark because,is
R4185 T6445 T6438 advcl is,chosen
R4186 T6446 T6445 nsubj it,is
R4187 T6447 T6448 det a,behavior
R4188 T6448 T6445 attr behavior,is
R4189 T6449 T6450 advmod highly,robust
R4190 T6450 T6448 amod robust,behavior
R4191 T6451 T6445 prep in,is
R4192 T6452 T6451 pobj rodents,in
R4193 T6453 T6454 punct [,18
R4194 T6454 T6445 parataxis 18,is
R4195 T6455 T6454 punct ],18
R4196 T6456 T6438 punct .,chosen
R4197 T6458 T6459 aux To,minimize
R4198 T6459 T6460 advcl minimize,was
R4199 T6461 T6462 amod experimental,error
R4200 T6462 T6459 dobj error,minimize
R4201 T6463 T6460 punct ", ",was
R4202 T6464 T6465 det the,experimenter
R4203 T6465 T6460 nsubj experimenter,was
R4204 T6466 T6460 acomp blind,was
R4205 T6467 T6466 prep to,blind
R4206 T6468 T6467 pobj genotype,to
R4207 T6469 T6460 prep during,was
R4208 T6470 T6469 pobj testing,during
R4209 T6471 T6460 punct .,was
R4210 T6473 T6474 nsubj Mice,were
R4211 T6475 T6476 advmod mildly,deprived
R4212 T6476 T6474 acomp deprived,were
R4213 T6477 T6476 npadvmod food,deprived
R4214 T6478 T6474 prep to,were
R4215 T6479 T6480 advmod approximately,85
R4216 T6480 T6481 nummod 85,%
R4217 T6481 T6482 nmod %,weight
R4218 T6482 T6478 pobj weight,to
R4219 T6483 T6484 nmod ad,libitum
R4220 T6484 T6482 nmod libitum,weight
R4221 T6485 T6474 punct .,were
R4222 T6487 T6488 nmod Dopamine,D2R
R4223 T6488 T6489 nmod D2R,mice
R4224 T6489 T6498 nsubjpass mice,trained
R4225 T6490 T6488 punct -,D2R
R4226 T6491 T6488 punct /,D2R
R4227 T6492 T6488 punct -,D2R
R4228 T6493 T6488 cc and,D2R
R4229 T6494 T6488 conj D2R,D2R
R4230 T6495 T6494 punct +,D2R
R4231 T6496 T6494 punct /,D2R
R4232 T6497 T6494 punct +,D2R
R4233 T6499 T6500 punct (,8
R4234 T6500 T6489 parataxis 8,mice
R4235 T6501 T6500 nsubj n,8
R4236 T6502 T6500 punct =,8
R4237 T6503 T6500 prep per,8
R4238 T6504 T6503 pobj group,per
R4239 T6505 T6500 punct ),8
R4240 T6506 T6498 auxpass were,trained
R4241 T6507 T6498 advmod initially,trained
R4242 T6508 T6509 aux to,ambulate
R4243 T6509 T6498 xcomp ambulate,trained
R4244 T6510 T6511 det the,length
R4245 T6511 T6509 dobj length,ambulate
R4246 T6512 T6511 prep of,length
R4247 T6513 T6514 det a,cage
R4248 T6514 T6512 pobj cage,of
R4249 T6515 T6514 compound polyvinyl,cage
R4250 T6516 T6514 compound mouse,cage
R4251 T6517 T6518 punct (,cm
R4252 T6518 T6509 parataxis cm,ambulate
R4253 T6519 T6518 nummod 30,cm
R4254 T6520 T6518 punct -,cm
R4255 T6521 T6518 punct ),cm
R4256 T6522 T6523 aux to,retrieve
R4257 T6523 T6509 dep retrieve,ambulate
R4258 T6524 T6525 punct ~,30
R4259 T6525 T6526 nummod 30,mg
R4260 T6526 T6523 dobj mg,retrieve
R4261 T6527 T6526 punct -,mg
R4262 T6528 T6526 prep of,mg
R4263 T6529 T6530 compound Pico®,fat
R4264 T6530 T6531 npadvmod fat,supplemented
R4265 T6531 T6532 amod supplemented,food
R4266 T6532 T6528 pobj food,of
R4267 T6533 T6532 compound rodent,food
R4268 T6534 T6526 acl located,mg
R4269 T6535 T6534 prep in,located
R4270 T6536 T6537 det a,cup
R4271 T6537 T6535 pobj cup,in
R4272 T6538 T6537 amod small,cup
R4273 T6539 T6537 compound plastic,cup
R4274 T6540 T6541 punct (,cm
R4275 T6541 T6537 parataxis cm,cup
R4276 T6542 T6541 nummod 3,cm
R4277 T6543 T6541 punct -,cm
R4278 T6544 T6541 punct ),cm
R4279 T6545 T6537 acl attached,cup
R4280 T6546 T6545 prep to,attached
R4281 T6547 T6548 det the,floor
R4282 T6548 T6546 pobj floor,to
R4283 T6549 T6548 prep of,floor
R4284 T6550 T6551 det the,apparatus
R4285 T6551 T6549 pobj apparatus,of
R4286 T6552 T6551 compound testing,apparatus
R4287 T6553 T6545 prep with,attached
R4288 T6554 T6553 pobj Velcro,with
R4289 T6555 T6498 punct .,trained
R4290 T6557 T6558 det Each,subject
R4291 T6558 T6559 nsubj subject,received
R4292 T6560 T6561 nummod five,trials
R4293 T6561 T6559 dobj trials,received
R4294 T6562 T6559 punct ", ",received
R4295 T6563 T6559 cc and,received
R4296 T6564 T6565 det the,latency
R4297 T6565 T6566 nsubjpass latency,recorded
R4298 T6566 T6559 conj recorded,received
R4299 T6567 T6568 aux to,locate
R4300 T6568 T6565 advcl locate,latency
R4301 T6569 T6568 cc and,locate
R4302 T6570 T6568 conj start,locate
R4303 T6571 T6572 aux to,consume
R4304 T6572 T6570 xcomp consume,start
R4305 T6573 T6574 det the,pellet
R4306 T6574 T6570 dobj pellet,start
R4307 T6575 T6574 compound food,pellet
R4308 T6576 T6566 auxpass was,recorded
R4309 T6577 T6566 advmod manually,recorded
R4310 T6578 T6566 prep with,recorded
R4311 T6579 T6580 det a,stopwatch
R4312 T6580 T6578 pobj stopwatch,with
R4313 T6581 T6580 amod standard,stopwatch
R4314 T6582 T6583 amod hand,held
R4315 T6583 T6580 amod held,stopwatch
R4316 T6584 T6583 punct -,held
R4317 T6585 T6566 punct .,recorded
R4318 T6587 T6588 compound Twenty,four
R4319 T6588 T6590 nummod four,hours
R4320 T6589 T6588 punct -,four
R4321 T6590 T6591 npadvmod hours,later
R4322 T6591 T6592 advmod later,trained
R4323 T6593 T6592 nsubjpass subjects,trained
R4324 T6594 T6592 auxpass were,trained
R4325 T6595 T6596 aux to,ambulate
R4326 T6596 T6592 xcomp ambulate,trained
R4327 T6597 T6596 prep towards,ambulate
R4328 T6598 T6596 cc and,ambulate
R4329 T6599 T6596 conj dig,ambulate
R4330 T6600 T6599 prep through,dig
R4331 T6601 T6602 det the,dish
R4332 T6602 T6599 dobj dish,dig
R4333 T6603 T6602 amod same,dish
R4334 T6604 T6605 nummod 3,cm
R4335 T6605 T6602 compound cm,dish
R4336 T6606 T6605 punct -,cm
R4337 T6607 T6602 acl filled,dish
R4338 T6608 T6607 prep with,filled
R4339 T6609 T6610 amod sterile,sand
R4340 T6610 T6608 pobj sand,with
R4341 T6611 T6612 aux to,locate
R4342 T6612 T6596 advcl locate,ambulate
R4343 T6613 T6614 det a,pellet
R4344 T6614 T6612 dobj pellet,locate
R4345 T6615 T6614 compound food,pellet
R4346 T6616 T6614 acl buried,pellet
R4347 T6617 T6616 prep underneath,buried
R4348 T6618 T6619 det the,sand
R4349 T6619 T6617 pobj sand,underneath
R4350 T6620 T6592 punct .,trained
R4351 T6622 T6623 nsubj Subjects,received
R4352 T6624 T6625 nummod 10,trials
R4353 T6625 T6623 dobj trials,received
R4354 T6626 T6623 punct .,received
R4355 T6628 T6629 mark If,failed
R4356 T6629 T6632 advcl failed,dropped
R4357 T6630 T6631 det a,mouse
R4358 T6631 T6629 nsubj mouse,failed
R4359 T6633 T6634 aux to,locate
R4360 T6634 T6629 xcomp locate,failed
R4361 T6635 T6636 det a,pellet
R4362 T6636 T6634 dobj pellet,locate
R4363 T6637 T6636 compound food,pellet
R4364 T6638 T6634 prep within,locate
R4365 T6639 T6640 nummod 10,min
R4366 T6640 T6638 pobj min,within
R4367 T6641 T6640 punct -,min
R4368 T6642 T6640 prep of,min
R4369 T6643 T6644 det the,trial
R4370 T6644 T6642 pobj trial,of
R4371 T6645 T6644 amod first,trial
R4372 T6646 T6632 punct ", ",dropped
R4373 T6647 T6648 det an,pellet
R4374 T6648 T6632 nsubjpass pellet,dropped
R4375 T6649 T6648 amod additional,pellet
R4376 T6650 T6648 compound food,pellet
R4377 T6651 T6632 auxpass was,dropped
R4378 T6652 T6632 prep on,dropped
R4379 T6653 T6652 pobj top,on
R4380 T6654 T6653 prep of,top
R4381 T6655 T6656 det the,dish
R4382 T6656 T6654 pobj dish,of
R4383 T6657 T6632 punct .,dropped
R4384 T6659 T6660 det This,manipulation
R4385 T6660 T6661 nsubj manipulation,ensured
R4386 T6662 T6661 advmod usually,ensured
R4387 T6663 T6664 mark that,dig
R4388 T6664 T6661 ccomp dig,ensured
R4389 T6665 T6666 det a,subject
R4390 T6666 T6664 nsubj subject,dig
R4391 T6667 T6664 aux would,dig
R4392 T6668 T6664 prep through,dig
R4393 T6669 T6670 det the,sand
R4394 T6670 T6668 pobj sand,through
R4395 T6671 T6672 aux to,locate
R4396 T6672 T6664 advcl locate,dig
R4397 T6673 T6674 det the,pellet
R4398 T6674 T6672 dobj pellet,locate
R4399 T6675 T6674 amod original,pellet
R4400 T6676 T6672 cc and,locate
R4401 T6677 T6672 conj learn,locate
R4402 T6678 T6679 det this,task
R4403 T6679 T6677 dobj task,learn
R4404 T6680 T6661 punct .,ensured
R4405 T6682 T6683 det The,day
R4406 T6683 T6685 npadvmod day,presented
R4407 T6684 T6683 amod next,day
R4408 T6686 T6685 punct ", ",presented
R4409 T6687 T6685 nsubjpass mice,presented
R4410 T6688 T6685 auxpass were,presented
R4411 T6689 T6685 prep to,presented
R4412 T6690 T6691 det the,apparatus
R4413 T6691 T6689 pobj apparatus,to
R4414 T6692 T6691 compound testing,apparatus
R4415 T6693 T6694 dep that,contained
R4416 T6694 T6691 relcl contained,apparatus
R4417 T6695 T6694 advmod now,contained
R4418 T6696 T6697 nummod 2,dishes
R4419 T6697 T6694 dobj dishes,contained
R4420 T6698 T6697 punct ", ",dishes
R4421 T6699 T6697 appos each,dishes
R4422 T6700 T6699 acl filled,each
R4423 T6701 T6700 prep with,filled
R4424 T6702 T6703 amod different,scented
R4425 T6703 T6704 amod scented,sand
R4426 T6704 T6701 pobj sand,with
R4427 T6705 T6685 punct .,presented
R4428 T6707 T6708 nummod One,odor
R4429 T6708 T6709 nsubj odor,signaled
R4430 T6710 T6711 mark that,buried
R4431 T6711 T6709 ccomp buried,signaled
R4432 T6712 T6713 det a,reinforcer
R4433 T6713 T6711 nsubjpass reinforcer,buried
R4434 T6714 T6713 compound food,reinforcer
R4435 T6715 T6711 auxpass was,buried
R4436 T6716 T6711 prep in,buried
R4437 T6717 T6718 det that,dish
R4438 T6718 T6716 pobj dish,in
R4439 T6719 T6718 amod particular,dish
R4440 T6720 T6721 punct (,S
R4441 T6721 T6711 parataxis S,buried
R4442 T6722 T6721 punct +,S
R4443 T6723 T6721 punct ),S
R4444 T6724 T6725 mark while,signaled
R4445 T6725 T6711 advcl signaled,buried
R4446 T6726 T6727 det the,odor
R4447 T6727 T6725 nsubj odor,signaled
R4448 T6728 T6727 amod other,odor
R4449 T6729 T6730 mark that,contained
R4450 T6730 T6725 ccomp contained,signaled
R4451 T6731 T6732 det no,reinforcer
R4452 T6732 T6730 nsubjpass reinforcer,contained
R4453 T6733 T6730 auxpass was,contained
R4454 T6734 T6730 prep within,contained
R4455 T6735 T6736 det that,dish
R4456 T6736 T6734 pobj dish,within
R4457 T6737 T6736 amod particular,dish
R4458 T6738 T6739 punct (,S
R4459 T6739 T6730 parataxis S,contained
R4460 T6740 T6739 punct -,S
R4461 T6741 T6739 punct ),S
R4462 T6742 T6709 punct .,signaled
R4463 T6744 T6745 det The,sand
R4464 T6745 T6746 nsubjpass sand,scented
R4465 T6747 T6746 auxpass was,scented
R4466 T6748 T6746 prep by,scented
R4467 T6749 T6748 pcomp adding,by
R4468 T6750 T6751 nummod 0.80,grams
R4469 T6751 T6749 dobj grams,adding
R4470 T6752 T6751 prep of,grams
R4471 T6753 T6754 preconj either,cinnamon
R4472 T6754 T6752 pobj cinnamon,of
R4473 T6755 T6754 cc or,cinnamon
R4474 T6756 T6757 compound dill,weed
R4475 T6757 T6754 conj weed,cinnamon
R4476 T6758 T6749 prep to,adding
R4477 T6759 T6760 nummod 98.8,grams
R4478 T6760 T6758 pobj grams,to
R4479 T6761 T6760 prep of,grams
R4480 T6762 T6763 amod autoclaved,sand
R4481 T6763 T6761 pobj sand,of
R4482 T6764 T6763 compound playground,sand
R4483 T6765 T6763 acl purchased,sand
R4484 T6766 T6765 prep from,purchased
R4485 T6767 T6768 det a,store
R4486 T6768 T6766 pobj store,from
R4487 T6769 T6768 amod local,store
R4488 T6770 T6768 nmod farm,store
R4489 T6771 T6770 cc and,farm
R4490 T6772 T6770 conj garden,farm
R4491 T6773 T6746 punct .,scented
R4492 T6775 T6776 advmod Finally,mixed
R4493 T6777 T6776 punct ", ",mixed
R4494 T6778 T6779 nummod 0.40,grams
R4495 T6779 T6776 nsubjpass grams,mixed
R4496 T6780 T6779 prep of,grams
R4497 T6781 T6782 advmod finely,ground
R4498 T6782 T6783 amod ground,food
R4499 T6783 T6780 pobj food,of
R4500 T6784 T6776 auxpass was,mixed
R4501 T6785 T6776 prep with,mixed
R4502 T6786 T6787 det the,sand
R4503 T6787 T6785 pobj sand,with
R4504 T6788 T6787 amod scented,sand
R4505 T6789 T6776 prep in,mixed
R4506 T6790 T6789 pobj order,in
R4507 T6791 T6792 aux to,mask
R4508 T6792 T6790 acl mask,order
R4509 T6793 T6794 det any,odor
R4510 T6794 T6792 dobj odor,mask
R4511 T6795 T6794 acl emitted,odor
R4512 T6796 T6795 agent by,emitted
R4513 T6797 T6798 det the,reinforcer
R4514 T6798 T6796 pobj reinforcer,by
R4515 T6799 T6798 compound food,reinforcer
R4516 T6800 T6798 prep in,reinforcer
R4517 T6801 T6802 det the,dish
R4518 T6802 T6800 pobj dish,in
R4519 T6803 T6802 nmod S,dish
R4520 T6804 T6803 punct +,S
R4521 T6805 T6776 punct .,mixed
R4522 T6807 T6808 det This,mixture
R4523 T6808 T6810 nsubj mixture,appear
R4524 T6809 T6808 amod final,mixture
R4525 T6811 T6810 aux did,appear
R4526 T6812 T6810 neg not,appear
R4527 T6813 T6814 aux to,be
R4528 T6814 T6810 xcomp be,appear
R4529 T6815 T6814 acomp palatable,be
R4530 T6816 T6814 prep to,be
R4531 T6817 T6818 det the,subjects
R4532 T6818 T6816 pobj subjects,to
R4533 T6819 T6810 punct .,appear
R4534 T6821 T6822 det A,trial
R4535 T6822 T6823 nsubj trial,terminated
R4536 T6824 T6825 advmod when,dug
R4537 T6825 T6823 advcl dug,terminated
R4538 T6826 T6827 det the,mouse
R4539 T6827 T6825 nsubj mouse,dug
R4540 T6828 T6825 punct : ,dug
R4541 T6829 T6825 prep in,dug
R4542 T6830 T6831 det the,dish
R4543 T6831 T6829 pobj dish,in
R4544 T6832 T6831 amod correct,dish
R4545 T6833 T6825 cc and,dug
R4546 T6834 T6825 conj consumed,dug
R4547 T6835 T6836 det the,pellet
R4548 T6836 T6834 dobj pellet,consumed
R4549 T6837 T6836 amod hidden,pellet
R4550 T6838 T6825 punct ", ",dug
R4551 T6839 T6825 cc or,dug
R4552 T6840 T6825 conj began,dug
R4553 T6841 T6842 aux to,dig
R4554 T6842 T6840 xcomp dig,began
R4555 T6843 T6842 prep in,dig
R4556 T6844 T6845 det the,dish
R4557 T6845 T6843 pobj dish,in
R4558 T6846 T6845 amod incorrect,dish
R4559 T6847 T6823 punct .,terminated
R4560 T6849 T6850 nsubjpass Digging,considered
R4561 T6851 T6850 auxpass was,considered
R4562 T6852 T6853 det the,displacement
R4563 T6853 T6850 oprd displacement,considered
R4564 T6854 T6853 amod actual,displacement
R4565 T6855 T6853 amod physical,displacement
R4566 T6856 T6853 prep of,displacement
R4567 T6857 T6856 pobj sand,of
R4568 T6858 T6853 prep with,displacement
R4569 T6859 T6860 det the,forepaws
R4570 T6860 T6858 pobj forepaws,with
R4571 T6861 T6860 cc and,forepaws
R4572 T6862 T6861 punct /,and
R4573 T6863 T6861 cc or,and
R4574 T6864 T6860 conj snout,forepaws
R4575 T6865 T6850 punct .,considered
R4576 T6867 T6868 csubjpass Placing,considered
R4577 T6869 T6867 dobj forelimbs,Placing
R4578 T6870 T6867 prep on,Placing
R4579 T6871 T6870 pobj either,on
R4580 T6872 T6871 prep of,either
R4581 T6873 T6874 det the,dishes
R4582 T6874 T6872 pobj dishes,of
R4583 T6875 T6867 cc and,Placing
R4584 T6876 T6867 conj sniffing,Placing
R4585 T6877 T6868 auxpass was,considered
R4586 T6878 T6868 neg not,considered
R4587 T6879 T6868 oprd digging,considered
R4588 T6880 T6868 cc and,considered
R4589 T6881 T6882 auxpass was,penalized
R4590 T6882 T6868 conj penalized,considered
R4591 T6883 T6882 neg not,penalized
R4592 T6884 T6882 cc or,penalized
R4593 T6885 T6882 conj scored,penalized
R4594 T6886 T6868 punct .,considered
R4595 T6888 T6889 det Each,trial
R4596 T6889 T6891 nsubjpass trial,separated
R4597 T6890 T6889 amod completed,trial
R4598 T6892 T6891 auxpass was,separated
R4599 T6893 T6891 prep by,separated
R4600 T6894 T6895 det a,sec
R4601 T6895 T6893 pobj sec,by
R4602 T6896 T6895 nummod 20,sec
R4603 T6897 T6895 punct -,sec
R4604 T6898 T6899 compound inter-trial,interval
R4605 T6899 T6895 appos interval,sec
R4606 T6900 T6899 punct -,interval
R4607 T6901 T6899 punct (,interval
R4608 T6902 T6899 appos ITI,interval
R4609 T6903 T6891 punct ),separated
R4610 T6904 T6891 punct .,separated
R4611 T6906 T6907 amod Preliminary,experiments
R4612 T6907 T6908 nsubj experiments,demonstrated
R4613 T6909 T6910 mark that,required
R4614 T6910 T6908 ccomp required,demonstrated
R4615 T6911 T6912 det an,period
R4616 T6912 T6910 nsubjpass period,required
R4617 T6913 T6912 amod extended,period
R4618 T6914 T6912 nmod time,period
R4619 T6915 T6914 punct -,time
R4620 T6916 T6914 prt out,time
R4621 T6917 T6912 prep following,period
R4622 T6918 T6919 det an,response
R4623 T6919 T6917 pobj response,following
R4624 T6920 T6919 amod incorrect,response
R4625 T6921 T6910 auxpass was,required
R4626 T6922 T6910 neg not,required
R4627 T6923 T6924 aux to,ensure
R4628 T6924 T6910 xcomp ensure,required
R4629 T6925 T6926 npadvmod goal,directed
R4630 T6926 T6928 amod directed,behavior
R4631 T6927 T6926 punct -,directed
R4632 T6928 T6924 dobj behavior,ensure
R4633 T6929 T6924 prep in,ensure
R4634 T6930 T6931 det the,mice
R4635 T6931 T6929 pobj mice,in
R4636 T6932 T6933 amod wild,type
R4637 T6933 T6931 nmod type,mice
R4638 T6934 T6933 punct -,type
R4639 T6935 T6933 cc or,type
R4640 T6936 T6933 conj mutant,type
R4641 T6937 T6924 prep for,ensure
R4642 T6938 T6939 det this,task
R4643 T6939 T6937 pobj task,for
R4644 T6940 T6939 amod particular,task
R4645 T6941 T6942 punct (,shown
R4646 T6942 T6908 parataxis shown,demonstrated
R4647 T6943 T6942 nsubj data,shown
R4648 T6944 T6942 neg not,shown
R4649 T6945 T6942 punct ),shown
R4650 T6946 T6908 punct .,demonstrated
R4651 T6948 T6949 advmod Therefore,used
R4652 T6950 T6949 punct ", ",used
R4653 T6951 T6952 det the,ITI
R4654 T6952 T6949 nsubjpass ITI,used
R4655 T6953 T6954 nummod 20,sec
R4656 T6954 T6952 compound sec,ITI
R4657 T6955 T6954 punct -,sec
R4658 T6956 T6949 auxpass was,used
R4659 T6957 T6958 aux to,separate
R4660 T6958 T6949 advcl separate,used
R4661 T6959 T6960 det all,trials
R4662 T6960 T6958 dobj trials,separate
R4663 T6961 T6960 punct (,trials
R4664 T6962 T6960 amod successful,trials
R4665 T6963 T6962 cc and,successful
R4666 T6964 T6962 conj unsuccessful,successful
R4667 T6965 T6960 punct ),trials
R4668 T6966 T6949 punct .,used
R4669 T6968 T6969 det The,scents
R4670 T6969 T6975 nsubjpass scents,counterbalanced
R4671 T6970 T6969 nmod S,scents
R4672 T6971 T6970 punct +,S
R4673 T6972 T6970 cc and,S
R4674 T6973 T6970 conj S,S
R4675 T6974 T6973 punct -,S
R4676 T6976 T6975 auxpass were,counterbalanced
R4677 T6977 T6975 prep across,counterbalanced
R4678 T6978 T6977 pobj subjects,across
R4679 T6979 T6975 prep in,counterbalanced
R4680 T6980 T6979 pobj order,in
R4681 T6981 T6982 aux to,control
R4682 T6982 T6980 acl control,order
R4683 T6983 T6982 prep for,control
R4684 T6984 T6985 amod potential,bias
R4685 T6985 T6983 pobj bias,for
R4686 T6986 T6985 amod scent,bias
R4687 T6987 T6988 punct (,shown
R4688 T6988 T6975 parataxis shown,counterbalanced
R4689 T6989 T6990 compound pilot,data
R4690 T6990 T6991 nsubj data,suggest
R4691 T6991 T6988 ccomp suggest,shown
R4692 T6992 T6993 expl there,are
R4693 T6993 T6991 advcl are,suggest
R4694 T6994 T6995 det no,biases
R4695 T6995 T6993 attr biases,are
R4696 T6996 T6988 punct ", ",shown
R4697 T6997 T6988 nsubj data,shown
R4698 T6998 T6988 neg not,shown
R4699 T6999 T6988 punct ),shown
R4700 T7000 T6975 punct .,counterbalanced
R4701 T7002 T7003 prep Following,began
R4702 T7004 T7005 amod accurate,discrimination
R4703 T7005 T7002 pobj discrimination,Following
R4704 T7006 T7005 punct ", ",discrimination
R4705 T7007 T7005 acl defined,discrimination
R4706 T7008 T7007 prep as,defined
R4707 T7009 T7010 nummod 8,retrievals
R4708 T7010 T7008 pobj retrievals,as
R4709 T7011 T7010 amod correct,retrievals
R4710 T7012 T7010 prep across,retrievals
R4711 T7013 T7014 nummod 10,trials
R4712 T7014 T7012 pobj trials,across
R4713 T7015 T7014 amod consecutive,trials
R4714 T7016 T7003 punct ", ",began
R4715 T7017 T7018 compound reversal,trials
R4716 T7018 T7003 nsubj trials,began
R4717 T7019 T7003 punct .,began
R4718 T7021 T7022 compound Reversal,learning
R4719 T7022 T7023 compound learning,measurement
R4720 T7025 T7026 nsubj We,investigated
R4721 T7026 T7028 ccomp investigated,signaled
R4722 T7027 T7026 advmod next,investigated
R4723 T7029 T7030 det the,contribution
R4724 T7030 T7026 dobj contribution,investigated
R4725 T7031 T7030 prep of,contribution
R4726 T7032 T7033 compound dopamine,D2Rs
R4727 T7033 T7031 pobj D2Rs,of
R4728 T7034 T7030 prep to,contribution
R4729 T7035 T7036 compound reversal,learning
R4730 T7036 T7037 compound learning,behavior
R4731 T7037 T7034 pobj behavior,to
R4732 T7038 T7026 prep by,investigated
R4733 T7039 T7038 pcomp inverting,by
R4734 T7040 T7041 det the,contingencies
R4735 T7041 T7039 dobj contingencies,inverting
R4736 T7042 T7041 compound reinforcement,contingencies
R4737 T7043 T7028 punct –,signaled
R4738 T7044 T7028 advmod now,signaled
R4739 T7045 T7046 det the,S
R4740 T7046 T7028 nsubj S,signaled
R4741 T7047 T7046 amod former,S
R4742 T7048 T7046 punct +,S
R4743 T7049 T7050 det no,reinforcer
R4744 T7050 T7028 dobj reinforcer,signaled
R4745 T7051 T7028 cc and,signaled
R4746 T7052 T7053 det the,S
R4747 T7053 T7055 nsubj S,indicated
R4748 T7054 T7053 amod previous,S
R4749 T7055 T7028 conj indicated,signaled
R4750 T7056 T7053 punct -,S
R4751 T7057 T7055 advmod now,indicated
R4752 T7058 T7059 compound reinforcement,availability
R4753 T7059 T7055 dobj availability,indicated
R4754 T7060 T7028 punct .,signaled
R4755 T7062 T7063 det This,manipulation
R4756 T7063 T7064 nsubj manipulation,permits
R4757 T7065 T7066 det an,evaluation
R4758 T7066 T7064 dobj evaluation,permits
R4759 T7067 T7066 prep of,evaluation
R4760 T7068 T7069 det the,ability
R4761 T7069 T7067 pobj ability,of
R4762 T7070 T7071 aux to,inhibit
R4763 T7071 T7069 acl inhibit,ability
R4764 T7072 T7071 dobj responses,inhibit
R4765 T7073 T7072 prep to,responses
R4766 T7074 T7075 advmod previously,reinforced
R4767 T7075 T7076 amod reinforced,stimuli
R4768 T7076 T7073 pobj stimuli,to
R4769 T7077 T7076 amod discriminative,stimuli
R4770 T7078 T7079 punct [,18
R4771 T7079 T7071 parataxis 18,inhibit
R4772 T7080 T7079 punct ],18
R4773 T7081 T7064 punct .,permits
R4774 T7083 T7084 det The,number
R4775 T7084 T7085 nsubj number,was
R4776 T7086 T7084 prep of,number
R4777 T7087 T7086 pobj trials,of
R4778 T7088 T7084 amod necessary,number
R4779 T7089 T7090 aux to,establish
R4780 T7090 T7088 xcomp establish,necessary
R4781 T7091 T7092 nummod 8,responses
R4782 T7092 T7090 dobj responses,establish
R4783 T7093 T7091 prep out,8
R4784 T7094 T7093 prep of,out
R4785 T7095 T7094 pobj 10,of
R4786 T7096 T7092 amod accurate,responses
R4787 T7097 T7098 poss our,definition
R4788 T7098 T7085 attr definition,was
R4789 T7099 T7098 prep of,definition
R4790 T7100 T7101 amod successful,learning
R4791 T7101 T7099 pobj learning,of
R4792 T7102 T7101 compound reversal,learning
R4793 T7103 T7085 punct .,was
R4794 T7118 T7119 compound Data,analysis
R4795 T7121 T7122 det The,latency
R4796 T7122 T7123 nsubjpass latency,analyzed
R4797 T7124 T7125 aux to,retrieve
R4798 T7125 T7122 advcl retrieve,latency
R4799 T7126 T7127 det a,pellet
R4800 T7127 T7125 dobj pellet,retrieve
R4801 T7128 T7125 prep from,retrieve
R4802 T7129 T7130 det an,dish
R4803 T7130 T7128 pobj dish,from
R4804 T7131 T7130 amod empty,dish
R4805 T7132 T7122 punct ", ",latency
R4806 T7133 T7134 det the,latency
R4807 T7134 T7122 conj latency,latency
R4808 T7135 T7136 aux to,dig
R4809 T7136 T7134 advcl dig,latency
R4810 T7137 T7136 prep through,dig
R4811 T7138 T7139 det a,dish
R4812 T7139 T7137 pobj dish,through
R4813 T7140 T7139 acl filled,dish
R4814 T7141 T7140 prep with,filled
R4815 T7142 T7143 amod unscented,sand
R4816 T7143 T7141 pobj sand,with
R4817 T7144 T7134 punct ", ",latency
R4818 T7145 T7134 cc and,latency
R4819 T7146 T7147 det the,number
R4820 T7147 T7134 conj number,latency
R4821 T7148 T7147 prep of,number
R4822 T7149 T7148 pobj errors,of
R4823 T7150 T7149 prep of,errors
R4824 T7151 T7150 pobj commission,of
R4825 T7152 T7149 acl committed,errors
R4826 T7153 T7152 prep across,committed
R4827 T7154 T7155 det the,sessions
R4828 T7155 T7153 pobj sessions,across
R4829 T7156 T7155 compound reversal,sessions
R4830 T7157 T7123 auxpass were,analyzed
R4831 T7158 T7123 prep with,analyzed
R4832 T7159 T7160 nummod 2,way
R4833 T7160 T7162 compound way,analyses
R4834 T7161 T7160 punct -,way
R4835 T7162 T7158 pobj analyses,with
R4836 T7163 T7162 prep of,analyses
R4837 T7164 T7163 pobj variance,of
R4838 T7165 T7166 punct (,trials
R4839 T7166 T7162 parataxis trials,analyses
R4840 T7167 T7166 nmod genotype,trials
R4841 T7168 T7167 punct ×,genotype
R4842 T7169 T7166 punct ),trials
R4843 T7170 T7123 punct .,analyzed
R4844 T7172 T7173 det The,number
R4845 T7173 T7174 nsubjpass number,separated
R4846 T7175 T7173 prep of,number
R4847 T7176 T7175 pobj trials,of
R4848 T7177 T7173 amod necessary,number
R4849 T7178 T7179 aux to,attain
R4850 T7179 T7177 xcomp attain,necessary
R4851 T7180 T7181 compound criterion,performance
R4852 T7181 T7179 dobj performance,attain
R4853 T7182 T7181 prep in,performance
R4854 T7183 T7184 compound odor,discrimination
R4855 T7184 T7182 pobj discrimination,in
R4856 T7185 T7186 punct (,responses
R4857 T7186 T7173 appos responses,number
R4858 T7187 T7186 nummod 8,responses
R4859 T7188 T7186 amod correct,responses
R4860 T7189 T7186 prep across,responses
R4861 T7190 T7191 nummod 10,trials
R4862 T7191 T7189 pobj trials,across
R4863 T7192 T7191 amod consecutive,trials
R4864 T7193 T7186 punct ),responses
R4865 T7194 T7173 cc and,number
R4866 T7195 T7173 conj errors,number
R4867 T7196 T7195 acl committed,errors
R4868 T7197 T7198 mark while,learning
R4869 T7198 T7196 advcl learning,committed
R4870 T7199 T7200 det the,tasks
R4871 T7200 T7198 dobj tasks,learning
R4872 T7201 T7200 compound discrimination,tasks
R4873 T7202 T7174 auxpass were,separated
R4874 T7203 T7174 prep as,separated
R4875 T7204 T7205 amod individual,phases
R4876 T7205 T7203 pobj phases,as
R4877 T7206 T7205 compound testing,phases
R4878 T7207 T7208 punct (,discrimination
R4879 T7208 T7205 appos discrimination,phases
R4880 T7209 T7208 advmod e.g.,discrimination
R4881 T7210 T7208 compound odor,discrimination
R4882 T7211 T7208 cc and,discrimination
R4883 T7212 T7213 compound reversal,learning
R4884 T7213 T7208 conj learning,discrimination
R4885 T7214 T7213 punct ),learning
R4886 T7215 T7174 cc and,separated
R4887 T7216 T7174 conj analyzed,separated
R4888 T7217 T7216 advmod separately,analyzed
R4889 T7218 T7216 prep with,analyzed
R4890 T7219 T7220 amod unpaired,tests
R4891 T7220 T7218 pobj tests,with
R4892 T7221 T7222 advmod 2,tailed
R4893 T7222 T7220 amod tailed,tests
R4894 T7223 T7222 punct -,tailed
R4895 T7224 T7220 compound t,tests
R4896 T7225 T7220 punct -,tests
R4897 T7226 T7174 punct .,separated
R4898 T7228 T7229 nsubjpass Significance,established
R4899 T7230 T7229 auxpass was,established
R4900 T7231 T7229 prep at,established
R4901 T7232 T7231 pobj p,at
R4902 T7233 T7234 punct <,0.05
R4903 T7234 T7232 acl 0.05,p
R4904 T7235 T7229 punct .,established
R4905 T7237 T7238 nsubjpass Errors,separated
R4906 T7239 T7237 acl committed,Errors
R4907 T7240 T7239 prep during,committed
R4908 T7241 T7242 compound reversal,trials
R4909 T7242 T7240 pobj trials,during
R4910 T7243 T7238 auxpass were,separated
R4911 T7244 T7238 advmod further,separated
R4912 T7245 T7238 advmod categorically,separated
R4913 T7246 T7238 prep as,separated
R4914 T7247 T7246 pobj errors,as
R4915 T7248 T7247 prep of,errors
R4916 T7249 T7248 pobj commission,of
R4917 T7250 T7251 punct (,failing
R4918 T7251 T7247 parataxis failing,errors
R4919 T7252 T7253 aux to,withhold
R4920 T7253 T7251 xcomp withhold,failing
R4921 T7254 T7253 xcomp responding,withhold
R4922 T7255 T7254 prep to,responding
R4923 T7256 T7255 pobj S,to
R4924 T7257 T7256 punct -,S
R4925 T7258 T7251 punct ),failing
R4926 T7259 T7247 cc and,errors
R4927 T7260 T7247 conj errors,errors
R4928 T7261 T7260 prep of,errors
R4929 T7262 T7261 pobj omission,of
R4930 T7263 T7264 punct (,failing
R4931 T7264 T7260 parataxis failing,errors
R4932 T7265 T7266 aux to,dig
R4933 T7266 T7264 xcomp dig,failing
R4934 T7267 T7266 prep in,dig
R4935 T7268 T7269 det either,dish
R4936 T7269 T7267 pobj dish,in
R4937 T7270 T7271 mark after,expired
R4938 T7271 T7266 advcl expired,dig
R4939 T7272 T7273 nummod 3,min
R4940 T7273 T7271 nsubj min,expired
R4941 T7274 T7273 punct -,min
R4942 T7275 T7271 aux had,expired
R4943 T7276 T7264 punct ),failing
R4944 T7277 T7238 punct .,separated
R4945 T7279 T7280 amod Categorical,errors
R4946 T7280 T7281 nsubjpass errors,analyzed
R4947 T7282 T7280 cc and,errors
R4948 T7283 T7280 conj number,errors
R4949 T7284 T7283 prep of,number
R4950 T7285 T7286 compound commission,errors
R4951 T7286 T7284 pobj errors,of
R4952 T7287 T7286 acl committed,errors
R4953 T7288 T7287 prep during,committed
R4954 T7289 T7290 det the,session
R4955 T7290 T7288 pobj session,during
R4956 T7291 T7290 amod first,session
R4957 T7292 T7293 compound reversal,learning
R4958 T7293 T7290 compound learning,session
R4959 T7294 T7281 auxpass were,analyzed
R4960 T7295 T7281 prep between,analyzed
R4961 T7296 T7295 pobj groups,between
R4962 T7297 T7296 prep with,groups
R4963 T7298 T7299 amod nonparametric,tests
R4964 T7299 T7297 pobj tests,with
R4965 T7300 T7301 compound Mann,Whitney
R4966 T7301 T7299 compound Whitney,tests
R4967 T7302 T7301 punct -,Whitney
R4968 T7303 T7299 compound U,tests
R4969 T7304 T7281 punct .,analyzed
R3383 T5359 T5357 nsubj dopamine,modulates
R3712 T5710 T5709 amod motivational,impairments
R3713 T5711 T5710 cc or,motivational
R3716 T5713 T5684 punct .,indicate
R1538 T2413 T2414 amod Wild,type
R1539 T2414 T2416 compound type,mice
R1540 T2415 T2414 punct -,type
R1180 T1948 T1947 cc and,attention
R3024 T4984 T4985 det the,mice
R3374 T5351 T5350 amod discriminative,stimulus
R3382 T5358 T5359 amod mesolimbic,dopamine
R3656 T5669 T5634 conj reported,associated
R3657 T5670 T5666 prep of,correlation
R3659 T5671 T5672 compound D2R,binding
R3660 T5672 T5670 pobj binding,of
R3661 T5673 T5666 prep with,correlation
R3663 T5674 T5675 amod compulsive,behavior
R3664 T5675 T5673 pobj behavior,with
R3666 T5676 T5669 aux has,reported
R3667 T5677 T5669 auxpass been,reported

craft-ca-core-ex-dev

Below, discontinuous spans are shown in the chain model. You can change it to the bag model.

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T950 1752-1754 PR_EXT:000001176 denotes 5R
T951 34-54 GO:0008306 denotes associative learning
T952 208-212 CHEBI_EXT:33290 denotes food
T953 278-285 GO:0007612 denotes learned
T954 299-307 NCBITaxon:1 denotes organism
T955 367-374 GO:0007612 denotes learned
T956 382-395 GO_PATO_EXT:physiological_process_or_quality denotes physiological
T957 396-404 GO_EXT:reaction_or_response denotes response
T958 429-433 CHEBI_EXT:33290 denotes food
T959 569-577 GO_EXT:biological_routing_or_transport denotes delivery
T960 647-655 GO_PATO_EXT:biological_behavior denotes behavior
T961 664-670 NCBITaxon:9989 denotes rodent
T962 689-693 CHEBI_EXT:33290 denotes food
T963 805-825 GO:0008306 denotes associative learning
T964 887-891 CHEBI_EXT:33290 denotes food
T965 1016-1024 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T966 1092-1112 GO:0008306 denotes associative learning
T967 1152-1159 GO:0007612 denotes learned
T968 1187-1198 GO_EXT:behavioral_conditioning denotes conditioned
T969 1289-1297 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T970 1289-1307 GO:0007212 denotes dopamine signaling
T971 1330-1338 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T972 1330-1348 GO_EXT:0004952 denotes dopamine receptors
T973 1354-1371 GO_EXT:0004952 denotes dopamine receptor
T974 1354-1383 CHEBI_EXT:48561 denotes dopamine receptor antagonists
T975 1372-1383 CHEBI_GO_EXT:antagonist denotes antagonists
T976 1393-1399 CHEBI:78741 denotes 6-OHDA
T977 1600-1608 CHEBI:18243 denotes Dopamine
T978 1600-1618 GO:0007212 denotes Dopamine signaling
T979 1638-1646 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cellular
T980 1680-1707 GO_PR_EXT:G_protein_coupled_receptor denotes G-protein coupled receptors
T981 1682-1689 CHEBI_PR_EXT:protein denotes protein
T982 1732-1740 PR_EXT:000001107 denotes D-1 like
T983 1742-1746 PR_EXT:000001175 denotes D1aR
T984 1748-1751 _FRAGMENT denotes D1b
T985 1753-1754 PR_EXT:000001176 denotes R
T986 1748-1749 _FRAGMENT denotes D
T987 1759-1767 PR_EXT:000001108 denotes D-2 like
T988 1769-1772 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2R
T989 1774-1777 PR_EXT:000001178 denotes D3R
T990 1779-1782 PR_EXT:000001179 denotes D4R
T991 1813-1818 SO_EXT:0000704 denotes genes
T992 1819-1823 SO_EXT:sequence_coding_function denotes code
T993 1833-1841 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T994 1833-1850 GO_EXT:0004952 denotes dopamine receptor
T995 1882-1897 CHEBI_EXT:52217 denotes pharmacological
T996 1914-1921 _FRAGMENT denotes D1-like
T997 1934-1943 PR_EXT:000001107 denotes receptors
T998 1926-1943 PR_EXT:000001108 denotes D2-like receptors
T999 1934-1943 GO_EXT:0004872 denotes receptors
T1000 1971-1986 CHEBI_EXT:52217 denotes pharmacological
T1001 2036-2044 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T1002 2036-2053 GO_EXT:0004952 denotes dopamine receptor
T1003 2084-2104 GO:0008306 denotes associative learning
T1004 2152-2160 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T1005 2152-2165 PR_EXT:000001175 denotes dopamine D1Rs
T1006 2216-2227 GO_EXT:behavioral_conditioning denotes conditioned
T1007 2228-2237 GO_PATO_EXT:biological_behavior denotes behaviors
T1008 2248-2252 CHEBI_EXT:33290 denotes food
T1009 2289-2299 GO_EXT:reaction_or_response denotes responding
T1010 2304-2315 GO_EXT:behavioral_conditioning denotes conditioned
T1011 2335-2342 CHEBI:27958 denotes cocaine
T1012 2343-2351 GO_EXT:biological_routing_or_transport denotes delivery
T1013 2398-2401 PR_EXT:000001175 denotes D1R
T1014 2411-2420 GO_EXT:cell_communication_or_signaling_or_signal_transduction denotes signaling
T1015 2427-2435 GO:0065007 denotes modulate
T1016 2464-2472 GO_EXT:reaction_or_response denotes response
T1017 2536-2556 GO:0008306 denotes associative learning
T1018 2590-2598 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T1019 2590-2602 PR_EXT:000001175 denotes dopamine D1R
T1020 2603-2612 GO_EXT:cell_communication_or_signaling_or_signal_transduction denotes signaling
T1021 2635-2655 GO:0008306 denotes associative learning
T1022 2667-2671 CHEBI_EXT:33290 denotes food
T1023 2713-2716 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2R
T1024 2726-2735 GO_EXT:cell_communication_or_signaling_or_signal_transduction denotes signaling
T1025 2770-2790 GO:0008306 denotes associative learning
T1026 2794-2801 NCBITaxon:9989 denotes rodents
T1027 2823-2826 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2R
T1028 2827-2838 CHEBI_GO_EXT:antagonist denotes antagonists
T1029 2872-2878 NCBITaxon:9989 denotes rodent
T1030 2879-2899 GO:0008306 denotes associative learning
T1031 2925-2933 GO_EXT:0004872 denotes receptor
T1032 2963-2968 GO_EXT:biological_movement_or_translocation_process denotes motor
T1033 3056-3064 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T1034 3056-3073 GO_EXT:0004952 denotes dopamine receptor
T1035 3091-3102 _FRAGMENT denotes associative
T1036 3116-3124 GO:0008306 denotes learning
T1037 3154-3162 GO_PATO_EXT:biological_behavior denotes behavior
T1038 3228-3236 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T1039 3228-3241 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes dopamine D2Rs
T1040 3245-3265 GO:0008306 denotes associative learning
T1041 3305-3310 CHEBI_EXT:23888 denotes drugs
T1042 3404-3413 GO:0040011 denotes locomotor
T1043 3447-3450 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2R
T1044 3472-3480 GO:0007612 denotes learning
T1045 3496-3503 NCBITaxon:9989 denotes rodents
T1046 3527-3535 GO_EXT:0004872 denotes receptor
T1047 3601-3612 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2 receptor
T1048 3604-3612 GO_EXT:0004872 denotes receptor
T1049 3613-3624 CHEBI_GO_EXT:antagonist denotes antagonists
T1050 3651-3660 GO_EXT:cell_communication_or_signaling_or_signal_transduction denotes signaling
T1051 3680-3684 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2Rs
T1052 3742-3750 GO:0007612 denotes learning
T1053 3772-3779 NCBITaxon:9989 denotes rodents
T1054 3811-3823 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes dopamine D2R
T1055 3811-3819 _FRAGMENT denotes dopamine
T1056 3824-3835 CHEBI_EXT:48561 denotes antagonists
T1057 3824-3835 CHEBI_GO_EXT:antagonist denotes antagonists
T1058 3860-3868 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T1059 3860-3872 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes dopamine D2R
T1060 3882-3891 GO_EXT:cell_communication_or_signaling_or_signal_transduction denotes signaling
T1061 3904-3912 GO:0007612 denotes learning
T1062 3949-3957 GO:0007612 denotes learning
T1063 4062-4082 GO:0008306 denotes associative learning
T1064 4103-4111 GO_EXT:reaction_or_response denotes response
T1065 4153-4161 GO:0007612 denotes learning
T1066 4165-4172 NCBITaxon:9989 denotes rodents
T1067 4198-4206 GO:0007612 denotes learning
T1068 4255-4260 NCBITaxon:9606 denotes human
T1069 4371-4379 GO_UBERON_EXT:nerve_ending_or_neuron_projection_terminus denotes terminal
T1070 4410-4418 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T1071 4455-4463 GO:0007612 denotes learning
T1072 4492-4495 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2R
T1073 4496-4499 PR_EXT:000001178 denotes D3R
T1074 4500-4510 CHEBI_GO_EXT:antagonist denotes antagonist
T1075 4512-4521 CHEBI:32168 denotes sulpiride
T1076 4548-4555 GO:0007612 denotes leaning
T1077 4559-4563 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T1078 4621-4630 GO:0050890 denotes cognitive
T1079 4655-4660 NCBITaxon:9606 denotes human
T1080 4725-4733 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T1081 4725-4737 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes dopamine D2R
T1082 4760-4768 GO_PATO_EXT:biological_behavior denotes behavior
T1083 4772-4777 NCBITaxon:9606 denotes human
T1084 4854-4857 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2R
T1085 4867-4876 GO_EXT:cell_communication_or_signaling_or_signal_transduction denotes signaling
T1086 4916-4924 GO:0007612 denotes learning
T1087 5005-5013 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T1088 5005-5025 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes dopamine D2 receptor
T1089 5017-5025 GO_EXT:0004872 denotes receptor
T1090 5035-5044 GO_EXT:cell_communication_or_signaling_or_signal_transduction denotes signaling
T1091 5048-5059 _FRAGMENT denotes associative
T1092 5085-5093 GO:0008306 denotes learning
T1093 5103-5107 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T1094 5121-5125 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T1095 5192-5200 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T1096 5192-5213 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes dopamine D2 receptors
T1097 5204-5213 GO_EXT:0004872 denotes receptors
T1098 5215-5218 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2R
T1099 5218-5219 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes -
T1100 5220-5221 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes -
T1101 5226-5235 SO_EXT:wild_type_entity_or_quality denotes wild-type
T1102 5249-5252 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2R
T1103 5252-5253 SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present denotes +
T1104 5254-5255 SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present denotes +
T1105 5279-5287 GO:0007612 denotes learning
T1106 5335-5353 GO:0050893 denotes sensory processing
T1107 5368-5376 GO:0007612 denotes learning
T1108 5406-5414 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T1109 5406-5418 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes dopamine D2R
T1110 5428-5437 GO_EXT:cell_communication_or_signaling_or_signal_transduction denotes signaling
T1111 5458-5463 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mouse
T1112 5482-5487 GO:0007612 denotes learn
T1113 5503-5507 CHEBI_EXT:33290 denotes food
T1114 5549-5559 GO:0051866 denotes adaptively
T1115 5584-5594 GO_PATO_EXT:biological_behavior denotes behavioral
T2175 5676-5685 SO_EXT:wild_type_entity_or_quality denotes wild-type
T2176 5690-5693 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2R
T2177 5704-5708 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T2178 5709-5714 GO:0007612 denotes learn
T2179 5723-5732 GO_PATO_EXT:biological_behavior denotes behaviors
T2180 5753-5757 CHEBI_EXT:33290 denotes food
T2181 5767-5770 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2R
T2182 5770-5771 SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present denotes +
T2183 5772-5773 SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present denotes +
T2184 5778-5781 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2R
T2185 5781-5782 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes -
T2186 5783-5784 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes -
T2187 5785-5789 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T2188 5798-5805 GO:0007612 denotes learned
T2189 5820-5827 GO:0007631 denotes consume
T2190 5828-5832 CHEBI_EXT:33290 denotes food
T2191 5910-5919 SO_EXT:genotype_or_entity_with_genotype denotes genotypes
T2192 5923-5931 GO:0040011 denotes ambulate
T2193 5966-5970 CHEBI_EXT:33290 denotes food
T2194 6013-6022 SO_EXT:genotype_or_entity_with_genotype denotes genotypes
T2195 6261-6265 CHEBI_EXT:33290 denotes food
T2196 6328-6336 SO_EXT:genotype_or_entity_with_genotype denotes genotype
T2197 6418-6422 CHEBI_EXT:33290 denotes food
T2394 6458-6467 SO_EXT:wild_type_entity_or_quality denotes Wild-type
T2395 6468-6472 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T2396 6484-6487 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2R
T2397 6487-6488 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes -
T2398 6489-6490 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes -
T2399 6491-6495 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T2400 6609-6612 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2R
T2401 6612-6613 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes -
T2402 6614-6615 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes -
T2403 6616-6620 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T2404 6755-6758 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2R
T2405 6758-6759 SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present denotes +
T2406 6760-6761 SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present denotes +
T2407 6762-6766 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T2408 6770-6775 GO:0007612 denotes learn
T2409 6841-6845 CHEBI_EXT:33290 denotes food
T2410 6872-6881 SO_EXT:genotype_or_entity_with_genotype denotes genotypes
T2411 6886-6891 GO:0007612 denotes learn
T2412 6978-6987 GO_EXT:reaction_or_response denotes responses
T2640 7007-7011 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes Mice
T2641 7020-7028 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T2642 7020-7041 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes dopamine D2 receptors
T2643 7032-7041 GO_EXT:0004872 denotes receptors
T2644 7065-7073 GO_PATO_EXT:biological_behavior denotes behavior
T2645 7150-7153 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2R
T2646 7153-7154 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes -
T2647 7155-7156 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes -
T2648 7157-7161 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T2649 7214-7222 GO:0007612 denotes learning
T2650 7348-7351 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2R
T2651 7351-7352 SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present denotes +
T2652 7353-7354 SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present denotes +
T2653 7355-7359 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T2654 7502-7506 CHEBI_EXT:33290 denotes food
T2655 7568-7575 GO_EXT:reaction_or_response denotes respond
T2656 7653-7662 SO_EXT:genotype_or_entity_with_genotype denotes genotypes
T2657 7729-7732 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2R
T2658 7732-7733 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes -
T2659 7734-7735 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes -
T2660 7736-7740 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T2661 7762-7765 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2R
T2662 7765-7766 SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present denotes +
T2663 7767-7768 SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present denotes +
T2664 7769-7773 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T2665 7795-7798 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2R
T2666 7798-7799 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes -
T2667 7800-7801 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes -
T2668 7802-7806 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T2669 7845-7848 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2R
T2670 7848-7849 SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present denotes +
T2671 7850-7851 SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present denotes +
T2672 7852-7856 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T2673 7917-7920 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2R
T2674 7920-7921 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes -
T2675 7922-7923 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes -
T2676 7928-7931 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2R
T2677 7931-7932 SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present denotes +
T2678 7933-7934 SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present denotes +
T2679 7935-7939 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T2680 8120-8127 NCBITaxon:33208 denotes animals
T2681 8132-8142 GO_EXT:reaction_or_response denotes responding
T2682 8228-8231 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2R
T2683 8231-8232 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes -
T2684 8233-8234 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes -
T2685 8235-8239 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T2686 8256-8259 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2R
T2687 8259-8260 SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present denotes +
T2688 8261-8262 SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present denotes +
T2689 8263-8267 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T2690 8458-8466 GO:0007612 denotes learning
T2691 8654-8657 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2R
T2692 8657-8658 SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present denotes +
T2693 8659-8660 SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present denotes +
T2694 8661-8665 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T2695 8739-8743 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T2696 8849-8852 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2R
T2697 8852-8853 SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present denotes +
T2698 8854-8855 SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present denotes +
T2699 8856-8860 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T2700 8887-8890 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2R
T2701 8890-8891 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes -
T2702 8892-8893 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes -
T2703 8894-8898 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T2704 8959-8962 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2R
T2705 8962-8963 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes -
T2706 8964-8965 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes -
T2707 8966-8970 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T2708 9096-9105 SO_EXT:genotype_or_entity_with_genotype denotes genotypes
T3736 9243-9251 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T3737 9243-9263 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes dopamine D2 receptor
T3738 9255-9263 GO_EXT:0004872 denotes receptor
T3739 9273-9282 GO_EXT:cell_communication_or_signaling_or_signal_transduction denotes signaling
T3740 9308-9319 _FRAGMENT denotes associative
T3741 9333-9341 GO:0008306 denotes learning
T3742 9343-9346 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2R
T3743 9346-9347 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes -
T3744 9348-9349 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes -
T3745 9350-9354 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T3746 9394-9402 GO:0007612 denotes learning
T3747 9417-9424 GO:0007631 denotes consume
T3748 9425-9429 CHEBI_EXT:33290 denotes food
T3749 9461-9479 GO:0007626 denotes locomotor behavior
T3750 9570-9574 CHEBI_EXT:33290 denotes food
T3751 9632-9635 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2R
T3752 9635-9636 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes -
T3753 9637-9638 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes -
T3754 9639-9643 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T3755 9750-9753 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2R
T3756 9763-9772 GO_EXT:cell_communication_or_signaling_or_signal_transduction denotes signaling
T3757 9792-9800 CL:0000540 denotes neuronal
T3758 9894-9897 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2R
T3759 9897-9898 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes -
T3760 9899-9900 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes -
T3761 9901-9905 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T3762 9985-9993 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T3763 9985-10003 GO:0007212 denotes dopamine signaling
T3764 10017-10025 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T3765 10017-10030 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes dopamine D2Rs
T3766 10067-10075 GO:0007612 denotes learning
T3767 10086-10090 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes Mice
T3768 10114-10122 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T3769 10114-10126 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes dopamine D2R
T3770 10136-10145 GO_EXT:cell_communication_or_signaling_or_signal_transduction denotes signaling
T3771 10208-10212 CHEBI_EXT:33290 denotes food
T3772 10234-10241 GO:0007612 denotes learned
T3773 10253-10257 CHEBI_EXT:33290 denotes food
T3774 10369-10373 NCBITaxon:10114 denotes rats
T3775 10395-10398 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2R
T3776 10399-10410 CHEBI_GO_EXT:antagonist denotes antagonists
T3777 10449-10455 CHEBI:78741 denotes 6-OHDA
T3778 10477-10488 _FRAGMENT denotes associative
T3779 10501-10509 GO:0008306 denotes learning
T3780 10596-10604 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T3781 10629-10633 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2Rs
T3782 10643-10654 GO_EXT:behavioral_conditioning denotes conditioned
T3783 10684-10688 CHEBI_EXT:33290 denotes food
T3784 10741-10744 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2R
T3785 10744-10745 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes -
T3786 10746-10747 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes -
T3787 10748-10752 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T3788 10802-10806 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2Rs
T3789 10868-10888 GO:0008306 denotes associative learning
T3790 10978-10998 GO:0008306 denotes associative learning
T3791 11015-11023 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T3792 11015-11028 PR_EXT:000001175 denotes dopamine D1Rs
T3793 11063-11071 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T3794 11063-11076 PR_EXT:000001175 denotes dopamine D1Rs
T3795 11082-11090 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T3796 11100-11108 GO:0007612 denotes learning
T3797 11113-11117 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2Rs
T3798 11123-11128 GO_EXT:biological_movement_or_translocation_process denotes motor
T3799 11137-11146 GO_PATO_EXT:biological_behavior denotes behaviors
T3800 11224-11235 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes dopamine D2
T3801 11224-11234 _FRAGMENT denotes dopamine D
T3802 11236-11237 PR_EXT:000001178 denotes 3
T3803 11224-11232 _FRAGMENT denotes dopamine
T3804 11238-11248 CHEBI_EXT:48561 denotes antagonist
T3805 11238-11248 CHEBI_GO_EXT:antagonist denotes antagonist
T3806 11295-11299 CHEBI_EXT:33290 denotes food
T3807 11310-11330 GO:0008306 denotes associative learning
T3808 11375-11386 CHEBI_GO_EXT:antagonist denotes antagonists
T3809 11403-11411 GO:0007612 denotes learning
T3810 11445-11448 PR_EXT:000001175 denotes D1R
T3811 11452-11455 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2R
T3812 11584-11595 CHEBI_GO_EXT:antagonist denotes antagonists
T3813 11662-11665 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2R
T3814 11675-11684 GO_EXT:cell_communication_or_signaling_or_signal_transduction denotes signaling
T3815 11744-11747 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2R
T3816 11757-11766 GO_EXT:cell_communication_or_signaling_or_signal_transduction denotes signaling
T3817 11770-11781 _FRAGMENT denotes associative
T3818 11795-11803 GO:0008306 denotes learning
T3819 11887-11890 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2R
T3820 11891-11902 CHEBI_GO_EXT:antagonist denotes antagonists
T3821 11906-11916 GO:0040011 denotes locomotion
T3822 11921-11929 GO:0007612 denotes learning
T3823 11998-12001 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2R
T3824 12011-12020 GO_EXT:cell_communication_or_signaling_or_signal_transduction denotes signaling
T3825 12039-12044 GO_EXT:biological_movement_or_translocation_process denotes motor
T3826 12059-12067 GO:0007612 denotes learning
T3827 12152-12157 CHEBI_EXT:23888 denotes drugs
T3828 12230-12238 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T3829 12230-12243 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes dopamine D2Rs
T3830 12323-12327 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2Rs
T3831 12331-12351 GO:0008306 denotes associative learning
T3832 12398-12407 GO:0040011 denotes locomotor
T3833 12490-12495 GO_EXT:biological_movement_or_translocation_process denotes motor
T3834 12496-12504 GO_PATO_EXT:biological_behavior denotes behavior
T3835 12565-12573 GO:0007612 denotes learning
T3836 12644-12648 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2Rs
T3837 12652-12672 GO:0008306 denotes associative learning
T3838 12693-12698 GO_EXT:biological_movement_or_translocation_process denotes motor
T3839 12699-12707 GO_PATO_EXT:biological_behavior denotes behavior
T3840 12824-12827 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2R
T3841 12828-12839 CHEBI_GO_EXT:antagonist denotes antagonists
T3842 12843-12850 NCBITaxon:9989 denotes rodents
T3843 12880-12890 GO_PATO_EXT:biological_behavior denotes behavioral
T3844 12980-12984 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2Rs
T3845 13035-13055 GO:0008306 denotes associative learning
T3846 13059-13066 NCBITaxon:9989 denotes rodents
T3847 13107-13110 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2R
T3848 13111-13122 CHEBI_GO_EXT:antagonist denotes antagonists
T3849 13140-13150 GO_PATO_EXT:biological_behavior denotes behavioral
T3850 13170-13175 GO_EXT:biological_movement_or_translocation_process denotes motor
T3851 13278-13286 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T3852 13278-13295 GO_EXT:0004952 denotes dopamine receptor
T3853 13378-13389 CHEBI_GO_EXT:antagonist denotes antagonists
T3854 13399-13403 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2Rs
T3855 13405-13409 PR_EXT:000001178 denotes D3Rs
T3856 13415-13419 PR_EXT:000001179 denotes D4Rs
T3857 13526-13530 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T3858 13546-13557 SO_EXT:0000704 denotes genetically
T3859 13558-13565 SO_EXT:sequence_alteration_process denotes altered
T3860 13616-13623 SO_EXT:0001023 denotes alleles
T3861 13640-13648 GO_EXT:0004872 denotes receptor
T3862 13754-13759 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mouse
T3863 13883-13890 NCBITaxon:33208 denotes animals
T3864 13937-13955 GO:0007626 denotes locomotor behavior
T3865 13978-13981 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2R
T3866 13981-13982 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes -
T3867 13983-13984 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes -
T3868 13989-13992 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2R
T3869 13992-13993 SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present denotes +
T3870 13994-13995 SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present denotes +
T3871 13996-14000 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T3872 14058-14061 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2R
T3873 14071-14080 GO_EXT:cell_communication_or_signaling_or_signal_transduction denotes signaling
T3874 14084-14104 GO:0008306 denotes associative learning
T3875 14197-14200 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2R
T3876 14201-14212 CHEBI_GO_EXT:antagonist denotes antagonists
T3877 14276-14283 SO_EXT:0000704 denotes genetic
T3878 14284-14296 SO_EXT:sequence_alteration_process denotes manipulation
T3879 14304-14308 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes drd2
T3880 14333-14342 GO:0007608 denotes olfactory
T3881 14361-14364 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2R
T3882 14364-14365 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes -
T3883 14366-14367 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes -
T3884 14368-14372 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T3885 14427-14430 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2R
T3886 14430-14431 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes -
T3887 14432-14433 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes -
T3888 14434-14438 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T3889 14443-14448 GO:0007612 denotes learn
T3890 14465-14469 CHEBI_EXT:33290 denotes food
T3891 14509-14516 GO:0007612 denotes learned
T3892 14601-14609 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T3893 14601-14615 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes dopamine D2R's
T3894 14631-14644 CHEBI_EXT:glutamate denotes glutamatergic
T3895 14645-14653 GO_UBERON_EXT:nerve_ending_or_neuron_projection_terminus denotes terminal
T3896 14654-14659 GO:0030424 denotes axons
T3897 14663-14672 GO:0007608 denotes olfactory
T3898 14663-14679 UBERON:0001579 denotes olfactory nerves
T3899 14716-14725 GO:0007608 denotes olfactory
T3900 14716-14731 UBERON:0001579 denotes olfactory nerve
T3901 14739-14754 _FRAGMENT denotes mitral cells of
T3902 14759-14773 CL:1001502 denotes olfactory bulb
T3903 14746-14751 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T3904 14759-14768 GO:0007608 denotes olfactory
T3905 14759-14773 UBERON:0002264 denotes olfactory bulb
T3906 14870-14874 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2Rs
T3907 14882-14891 GO:0007608 denotes olfactory
T3908 14882-14896 UBERON:0002264 denotes olfactory bulb
T3909 14930-14939 GO:0007608 denotes olfactory
T3910 14982-14991 GO:0046959 denotes habituate
T3911 15002-15011 GO:0007608 denotes olfactory
T3912 15002-15017 UBERON:0001579 denotes olfactory nerve
T3913 15084-15092 CHEBI_EXT:chemical_substance_or_polyatomic_entity denotes chemical
T3914 15127-15130 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2R
T3915 15130-15131 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes -
T3916 15132-15133 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes -
T3917 15134-15138 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T3918 15155-15163 GO:0007612 denotes learning
T3919 15198-15206 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T3920 15198-15210 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes dopamine D2R
T3921 15220-15229 GO_EXT:cell_communication_or_signaling_or_signal_transduction denotes signaling
T3922 15249-15259 GO_PATO_EXT:biological_behavior denotes behavioral
T3923 15286-15296 GO_PATO_EXT:biological_behavior denotes behavioral
T3924 15324-15327 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2R
T3925 15327-15328 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes -
T3926 15329-15330 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes -
T3927 15331-15335 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T3928 15348-15351 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2R
T3929 15351-15352 SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present denotes +
T3930 15353-15354 SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present denotes +
T3931 15355-15359 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T3932 15376-15384 GO:0007612 denotes learning
T3933 15546-15549 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2R
T3934 15549-15550 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes -
T3935 15551-15552 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes -
T3936 15553-15557 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T3937 15558-15565 GO_EXT:reaction_or_response denotes respond
T3938 15569-15573 CHEBI_EXT:33290 denotes food
T3939 15663-15666 PR_EXT:000001175 denotes D1R
T3940 15676-15684 GO_PATO_EXT:biological_behavior denotes behavior
T3941 15698-15701 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2R
T3942 15701-15702 SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present denotes +
T3943 15703-15704 SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present denotes +
T3944 15705-15709 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T3945 15767-15775 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T3946 15767-15780 PR_EXT:000001175 denotes dopamine D1Rs
T3954 16305-16309 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T3955 16372-16382 GO_EXT:reaction_or_response denotes responding
T3956 16453-16461 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T3957 16481-16489 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T3958 16481-16493 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes dopamine D2R
T3959 16503-16512 GO_EXT:cell_communication_or_signaling_or_signal_transduction denotes signaling
T3960 16514-16523 GO:0065007 denotes modulates
T3961 16678-16686 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T3962 16678-16692 CL:0000700 denotes dopamine cells
T3963 16687-16692 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T3964 16756-16776 GO:0008306 denotes associative learning
T3965 16823-16835 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopaminergic
T3966 16823-16841 CL:0000700 denotes dopaminergic cells
T3967 16836-16841 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T3968 16965-16977 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopaminergic
T3969 16965-16982 CL:0000700 denotes dopaminergic cell
T3970 16978-16982 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cell
T3971 16978-16993 GO:0001775 denotes cell activation
T3972 16997-17005 GO_EXT:reaction_or_response denotes response
T3973 17091-17100 CHEBI_EXT:polyatomic_entity_or_group denotes molecular
T3974 17174-17177 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2R
T3975 17177-17178 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes -
T3976 17179-17180 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes -
T3977 17181-17185 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T3978 17196-17206 GO_EXT:reaction_or_response denotes responding
T3979 17261-17269 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T3980 17261-17273 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes dopamine D2R
T3981 17321-17338 GO_EXT:cell_communication_or_signaling_or_signal_transduction denotes signaling cascade
T3982 17402-17411 GO_EXT:cell_communication_or_signaling_or_signal_transduction denotes signaling
T3983 17424-17432 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T3984 17424-17437 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes dopamine D2Rs
T3985 17444-17447 PR_EXT:000001175 denotes D1R
T3986 17546-17561 UBERON:0005382 denotes dorsal striatum
T3987 17583-17586 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2R
T3988 17586-17587 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes -
T3989 17588-17589 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes -
T3990 17590-17594 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T3991 17654-17662 UBERON:0002435 denotes striatal
T3992 17663-17671 GO:0045202 denotes synaptic
T3993 17710-17725 UBERON:0005382 denotes dorsal striatum
T3994 17738-17747 SO_EXT:wild_type_entity_or_quality denotes wild-type
T3995 17748-17752 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T3996 17816-17824 CL:0000540 denotes neuronal
T3997 17837-17845 UBERON:0002435 denotes striatal
T3998 17846-17855 UBERON:0006798 denotes efferents
T3999 17912-17920 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T4000 17912-17924 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes dopamine D2R
T4001 17944-17952 UBERON:0002435 denotes striatum
T4002 18010-18019 GO_EXT:cell_communication_or_signaling_or_signal_transduction denotes signaling
T4003 18058-18066 GO_PATO_EXT:biological_behavior denotes behavior
T4004 18107-18122 UBERON:0005382 denotes dorsal striatum
T4005 18126-18133 NCBITaxon:9989 denotes rodents
T4006 18164-18171 UBERON:0001873 denotes caudate
T4007 18235-18238 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2R
T4008 18239-18246 CHEMINF_GO_EXT:chemical_binding_or_bond_formation denotes binding
T4009 18263-18271 GO_PATO_EXT:biological_behavior denotes behavior
T4010 18371-18374 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2R
T4011 18374-18375 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes -
T4012 18376-18377 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes -
T4013 18378-18382 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T4014 18414-18422 GO:0007612 denotes learning
T4015 18462-18469 GO_EXT:detection_or_sensing_of_stimulus denotes sensory
T4016 18507-18511 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2Rs
T4017 18527-18536 GO_EXT:cell_communication_or_signaling_or_signal_transduction denotes signaling
T4018 18553-18561 NCBITaxon:1 denotes organism
T4019 18565-18573 GO:0007612 denotes learning
T4020 18610-18618 GO:0007612 denotes learning
T4021 18643-18651 GO_EXT:biological_direction_or_guidance denotes directed
T4022 18652-18660 GO_PATO_EXT:biological_behavior denotes behavior
T5815 18704-18713 GO_EXT:cell_communication_or_signaling_or_signal_transduction denotes signaling
T5816 18717-18725 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T5817 18717-18730 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes dopamine D2Rs
T5818 18839-18843 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T5819 18868-18872 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2Rs
T5820 18997-19007 GO_PATO_EXT:biological_behavior denotes behavioral
T5821 19056-19076 GO:0008306 denotes associative learning
T5822 19142-19150 GO:0007612 denotes learning
T5823 19152-19160 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T5824 19199-19208 GO_EXT:cell_communication_or_signaling_or_signal_transduction denotes signaling
T5825 19221-19229 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T5826 19221-19234 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes dopamine D2Rs
T5827 19253-19273 GO:0008306 denotes associative learning
T5828 19275-19283 UBERON:0002435 denotes striatal
T5829 19284-19292 GO:0045202 denotes synapses
T5830 19421-19430 UBERON:0006798 denotes efferents
T5831 19447-19461 UBERON:0001870 denotes frontal cortex
T5832 19487-19493 UBERON:0000349 denotes limbic
T5833 19494-19499 GO_EXT:biological_movement_or_translocation_process denotes motor
T5834 19539-19547 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T5835 19539-19551 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes dopamine D2R
T5836 19561-19570 GO_EXT:cell_communication_or_signaling_or_signal_transduction denotes signaling
T5837 19644-19650 UBERON:0000955 denotes brains
T5838 19658-19661 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2R
T5839 19661-19662 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes -
T5840 19663-19664 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes -
T5841 19665-19669 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T5842 19756-19764 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T5843 19756-19768 PR_EXT:000001175 denotes dopamine D1R
T5844 19790-19800 GO_EXT:reaction_or_response denotes responding
T5845 19838-19846 GO_EXT:biological_direction_or_guidance denotes directed
T5846 19847-19856 GO_PATO_EXT:biological_behavior denotes behaviors
T5847 19974-19977 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2R
T5848 19977-19978 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes -
T5849 19979-19980 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes -
T5850 19981-19985 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T5851 20065-20069 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2Rs
T5852 20073-20084 _FRAGMENT denotes associative
T5853 20098-20106 GO:0008306 denotes learning
T6105 20163-20167 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T6106 20175-20183 SO_EXT:genotype_or_entity_with_genotype denotes genotype
T6107 20235-20243 GO_EXT:breeder denotes breeders
T6108 20411-20419 GO_EXT:breeding denotes breeding
T6109 20501-20507 SO_EXT:sequence_altered_entity denotes mutant
T6110 20656-20670 GO:0044849 denotes estrous cycles
T6111 20783-20790 NCBITaxon:33208 denotes animals
T6112 20897-20904 NCBITaxon:33208 denotes Animals
T6349 21075-21083 GO_EXT:biological_direction_or_guidance denotes directed
T6350 21084-21092 GO_PATO_EXT:biological_behavior denotes behavior
T6351 21178-21186 GO_PATO_EXT:biological_behavior denotes behavior
T6352 21190-21197 NCBITaxon:9989 denotes rodents
T6353 21266-21274 SO_EXT:genotype_or_entity_with_genotype denotes genotype
T6354 21291-21295 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes Mice
T6355 21308-21312 CHEBI_EXT:33290 denotes food
T6356 21362-21370 CHEBI:18243 denotes Dopamine
T6357 21362-21374 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes Dopamine D2R
T6358 21374-21375 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes -
T6359 21376-21377 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes -
T6360 21382-21385 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2R
T6361 21385-21386 SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present denotes +
T6362 21387-21388 SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present denotes +
T6363 21389-21393 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T6364 21438-21446 GO:0040011 denotes ambulate
T6365 21463-21472 CHEBI_EXT:vinyl_polymer denotes polyvinyl
T6366 21473-21478 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mouse
T6367 21520-21523 CHEBI_UBERON_EXT:triglyceride_or_adipose_tissue denotes fat
T6368 21537-21543 NCBITaxon:9989 denotes rodent
T6369 21544-21548 CHEBI_EXT:33290 denotes food
T6370 21721-21728 GO:0007631 denotes consume
T6371 21733-21737 CHEBI_EXT:33290 denotes food
T6372 21783-21787 UBERON:0002398 denotes hand
T6373 21853-21861 GO:0040011 denotes ambulate
T6374 21942-21946 CHEBI_EXT:33290 denotes food
T6375 22016-22021 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mouse
T6376 22041-22045 CHEBI_EXT:33290 denotes food
T6377 22101-22105 CHEBI_EXT:33290 denotes food
T6378 22255-22260 GO:0007612 denotes learn
T6379 22286-22290 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T6380 22426-22430 CHEBI_EXT:33290 denotes food
T6381 22643-22647 NCBITaxon:40922 denotes dill
T6382 22780-22784 CHEBI_EXT:33290 denotes food
T6383 22858-22862 CHEBI_EXT:33290 denotes food
T6384 22901-22908 CHEBI:60004 denotes mixture
T6385 22985-22990 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mouse
T6386 23020-23028 GO:0007631 denotes consumed
T6387 23160-23168 UBERON_EXT:forepaw denotes forepaws
T6388 23176-23181 UBERON:0006333 denotes snout
T6389 23191-23200 UBERON:0002102 denotes forelimbs
T6390 23466-23474 GO_EXT:reaction_or_response denotes response
T6391 23507-23515 GO_EXT:biological_direction_or_guidance denotes directed
T6392 23516-23524 GO_PATO_EXT:biological_behavior denotes behavior
T6393 23532-23541 SO_EXT:wild_type_entity_or_quality denotes wild-type
T6394 23545-23551 SO_EXT:sequence_altered_entity_or_alteration_process denotes mutant
T6395 23552-23556 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T6396 23980-23988 GO:0007612 denotes learning
T6397 24042-24050 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T6398 24042-24055 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes dopamine D2Rs
T6399 24068-24076 GO:0007612 denotes learning
T6400 24077-24085 GO_PATO_EXT:biological_behavior denotes behavior
T6401 24302-24311 GO_EXT:reaction_or_response denotes responses
T6402 24431-24440 GO_EXT:reaction_or_response denotes responses
T6403 24483-24491 GO:0007612 denotes learning
T7112 24748-24756 SO_EXT:genotype_or_entity_with_genotype denotes genotype
T7113 24865-24874 GO_EXT:reaction_or_response denotes responses
T7114 24932-24940 GO:0007612 denotes learning
T7115 25049-25057 GO:0007612 denotes learning
T7116 25279-25289 GO_EXT:reaction_or_response denotes responding
T7117 25464-25472 GO:0007612 denotes learning
T3947 15788-15792 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T3948 15997-16005 GO:0007612 denotes learning
T3949 16181-16187 SO_EXT:sequence_altered_entity_or_alteration_process denotes mutant
T3950 16188-16192 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T3951 16298-16301 PR_EXT:000001177 denotes D2R
T3952 16301-16302 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes -
T3953 16303-16304 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes -
R2139 T3741 T3740 _lexicallyChainedTo learning,associative
R2140 T3779 T3778 _lexicallyChainedTo learning,associative
R2141 T3802 T3801 _lexicallyChainedTo 3,dopamine D
R2142 T3804 T3803 _lexicallyChainedTo antagonist,dopamine
R2143 T3818 T3817 _lexicallyChainedTo learning,associative
R2144 T3902 T3901 _lexicallyChainedTo olfactory bulb,mitral cells of
R3774 T5853 T5852 _lexicallyChainedTo learning,associative
R399 T950 T986 _lexicallyChainedTo 5R,D
R400 T985 T984 _lexicallyChainedTo R,D1b
R401 T997 T996 _lexicallyChainedTo receptors,D1-like
R402 T1036 T1035 _lexicallyChainedTo learning,associative
R403 T1056 T1055 _lexicallyChainedTo antagonists,dopamine
R404 T1092 T1091 _lexicallyChainedTo learning,associative

craft-ca-core-dev

Below, discontinuous spans are shown in the chain model. You can change it to the bag model.

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T834 34-54 GO:0008306 denotes associative learning
T835 208-212 CHEBI:33290 denotes food
T836 278-285 GO:0007612 denotes learned
T837 299-307 NCBITaxon:1 denotes organism
T838 367-374 GO:0007612 denotes learned
T839 429-433 CHEBI:33290 denotes food
T840 664-670 NCBITaxon:9989 denotes rodent
T841 689-693 CHEBI:33290 denotes food
T842 805-825 GO:0008306 denotes associative learning
T843 887-891 CHEBI:33290 denotes food
T844 1016-1024 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T845 1092-1112 GO:0008306 denotes associative learning
T846 1152-1159 GO:0007612 denotes learned
T847 1289-1297 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T848 1289-1307 GO:0007212 denotes dopamine signaling
T849 1330-1338 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T850 1354-1383 CHEBI:48561 denotes dopamine receptor antagonists
T851 1393-1399 CHEBI:78741 denotes 6-OHDA
T852 1600-1608 CHEBI:18243 denotes Dopamine
T853 1600-1618 GO:0007212 denotes Dopamine signaling
T854 1732-1740 PR:000001107 denotes D-1 like
T855 1742-1746 PR:000001175 denotes D1aR
T856 1748-1751 _FRAGMENT denotes D1b
T857 1753-1754 PR:000001176 denotes R
T858 1748-1749 _FRAGMENT denotes D
T859 1752-1754 PR:000001176 denotes 5R
T860 1759-1767 PR:000001108 denotes D-2 like
T861 1769-1772 PR:000001177 denotes D2R
T862 1774-1777 PR:000001178 denotes D3R
T863 1779-1782 PR:000001179 denotes D4R
T864 1813-1818 SO:0000704 denotes genes
T865 1833-1841 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T866 1882-1897 CHEBI:52217 denotes pharmacological
T867 1914-1921 _FRAGMENT denotes D1-like
T868 1934-1943 PR:000001107 denotes receptors
T869 1926-1943 PR:000001108 denotes D2-like receptors
T870 1971-1986 CHEBI:52217 denotes pharmacological
T871 2036-2044 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T872 2084-2104 GO:0008306 denotes associative learning
T873 2152-2160 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T874 2152-2165 PR:000001175 denotes dopamine D1Rs
T875 2248-2252 CHEBI:33290 denotes food
T876 2335-2342 CHEBI:27958 denotes cocaine
T877 2398-2401 PR:000001175 denotes D1R
T878 2427-2435 GO:0065007 denotes modulate
T879 2536-2556 GO:0008306 denotes associative learning
T880 2590-2598 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T881 2590-2602 PR:000001175 denotes dopamine D1R
T882 2635-2655 GO:0008306 denotes associative learning
T883 2667-2671 CHEBI:33290 denotes food
T884 2713-2716 PR:000001177 denotes D2R
T885 2770-2790 GO:0008306 denotes associative learning
T886 2794-2801 NCBITaxon:9989 denotes rodents
T887 2823-2826 PR:000001177 denotes D2R
T888 2872-2878 NCBITaxon:9989 denotes rodent
T889 2879-2899 GO:0008306 denotes associative learning
T890 3056-3064 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T891 3091-3102 _FRAGMENT denotes associative
T892 3116-3124 GO:0008306 denotes learning
T893 3228-3236 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T894 3228-3241 PR:000001177 denotes dopamine D2Rs
T895 3245-3265 GO:0008306 denotes associative learning
T896 3305-3310 CHEBI:23888 denotes drugs
T897 3404-3413 GO:0040011 denotes locomotor
T898 3447-3450 PR:000001177 denotes D2R
T899 3472-3480 GO:0007612 denotes learning
T900 3496-3503 NCBITaxon:9989 denotes rodents
T901 3601-3612 PR:000001177 denotes D2 receptor
T902 3680-3684 PR:000001177 denotes D2Rs
T903 3742-3750 GO:0007612 denotes learning
T904 3772-3779 NCBITaxon:9989 denotes rodents
T905 3811-3823 PR:000001177 denotes dopamine D2R
T906 3811-3819 _FRAGMENT denotes dopamine
T907 3824-3835 CHEBI:48561 denotes antagonists
T908 3860-3868 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T909 3860-3872 PR:000001177 denotes dopamine D2R
T910 3904-3912 GO:0007612 denotes learning
T911 3949-3957 GO:0007612 denotes learning
T912 4062-4082 GO:0008306 denotes associative learning
T913 4153-4161 GO:0007612 denotes learning
T914 4165-4172 NCBITaxon:9989 denotes rodents
T915 4198-4206 GO:0007612 denotes learning
T916 4255-4260 NCBITaxon:9606 denotes human
T917 4410-4418 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T918 4455-4463 GO:0007612 denotes learning
T919 4492-4495 PR:000001177 denotes D2R
T920 4496-4499 PR:000001178 denotes D3R
T921 4512-4521 CHEBI:32168 denotes sulpiride
T922 4548-4555 GO:0007612 denotes leaning
T923 4559-4563 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T924 4621-4630 GO:0050890 denotes cognitive
T925 4655-4660 NCBITaxon:9606 denotes human
T926 4725-4733 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T927 4725-4737 PR:000001177 denotes dopamine D2R
T928 4772-4777 NCBITaxon:9606 denotes human
T929 4854-4857 PR:000001177 denotes D2R
T930 4916-4924 GO:0007612 denotes learning
T931 5005-5013 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T932 5005-5025 PR:000001177 denotes dopamine D2 receptor
T933 5048-5059 _FRAGMENT denotes associative
T934 5085-5093 GO:0008306 denotes learning
T935 5103-5107 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T936 5121-5125 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T937 5192-5200 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T938 5192-5213 PR:000001177 denotes dopamine D2 receptors
T939 5215-5218 PR:000001177 denotes D2R
T940 5249-5252 PR:000001177 denotes D2R
T941 5279-5287 GO:0007612 denotes learning
T942 5335-5353 GO:0050893 denotes sensory processing
T943 5368-5376 GO:0007612 denotes learning
T944 5406-5414 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T945 5406-5418 PR:000001177 denotes dopamine D2R
T946 5458-5463 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mouse
T947 5482-5487 GO:0007612 denotes learn
T948 5503-5507 CHEBI:33290 denotes food
T949 5549-5559 GO:0051866 denotes adaptively
T2161 5690-5693 PR:000001177 denotes D2R
T2162 5704-5708 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T2163 5709-5714 GO:0007612 denotes learn
T2164 5753-5757 CHEBI:33290 denotes food
T2165 5767-5770 PR:000001177 denotes D2R
T2166 5778-5781 PR:000001177 denotes D2R
T2167 5785-5789 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T2168 5798-5805 GO:0007612 denotes learned
T2169 5820-5827 GO:0007631 denotes consume
T2170 5828-5832 CHEBI:33290 denotes food
T2171 5923-5931 GO:0040011 denotes ambulate
T2172 5966-5970 CHEBI:33290 denotes food
T2173 6261-6265 CHEBI:33290 denotes food
T2174 6418-6422 CHEBI:33290 denotes food
T2384 6468-6472 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T2385 6484-6487 PR:000001177 denotes D2R
T2386 6491-6495 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T2387 6609-6612 PR:000001177 denotes D2R
T2388 6616-6620 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T2389 6755-6758 PR:000001177 denotes D2R
T2390 6762-6766 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T2391 6770-6775 GO:0007612 denotes learn
T2392 6841-6845 CHEBI:33290 denotes food
T2393 6886-6891 GO:0007612 denotes learn
T2605 7007-7011 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes Mice
T2606 7020-7028 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T2607 7020-7041 PR:000001177 denotes dopamine D2 receptors
T2608 7150-7153 PR:000001177 denotes D2R
T2609 7157-7161 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T2610 7214-7222 GO:0007612 denotes learning
T2611 7348-7351 PR:000001177 denotes D2R
T2612 7355-7359 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T2613 7502-7506 CHEBI:33290 denotes food
T2614 7729-7732 PR:000001177 denotes D2R
T2615 7736-7740 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T2616 7762-7765 PR:000001177 denotes D2R
T2617 7769-7773 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T2618 7795-7798 PR:000001177 denotes D2R
T2619 7802-7806 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T2620 7845-7848 PR:000001177 denotes D2R
T2621 7852-7856 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T2622 7917-7920 PR:000001177 denotes D2R
T2623 7928-7931 PR:000001177 denotes D2R
T2624 7935-7939 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T2625 8120-8127 NCBITaxon:33208 denotes animals
T2626 8228-8231 PR:000001177 denotes D2R
T2627 8235-8239 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T2628 8256-8259 PR:000001177 denotes D2R
T2629 8263-8267 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T2630 8458-8466 GO:0007612 denotes learning
T2631 8654-8657 PR:000001177 denotes D2R
T2632 8661-8665 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T2633 8739-8743 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T2634 8849-8852 PR:000001177 denotes D2R
T2635 8856-8860 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T2636 8887-8890 PR:000001177 denotes D2R
T2637 8894-8898 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T2638 8959-8962 PR:000001177 denotes D2R
T2639 8966-8970 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T3544 9243-9251 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T3545 9243-9263 PR:000001177 denotes dopamine D2 receptor
T3546 9308-9319 _FRAGMENT denotes associative
T3547 9333-9341 GO:0008306 denotes learning
T3548 9343-9346 PR:000001177 denotes D2R
T3549 9350-9354 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T3550 9394-9402 GO:0007612 denotes learning
T3551 9417-9424 GO:0007631 denotes consume
T3552 9425-9429 CHEBI:33290 denotes food
T3553 9461-9479 GO:0007626 denotes locomotor behavior
T3554 9570-9574 CHEBI:33290 denotes food
T3555 9632-9635 PR:000001177 denotes D2R
T3556 9639-9643 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T3557 9750-9753 PR:000001177 denotes D2R
T3558 9792-9800 CL:0000540 denotes neuronal
T3559 9894-9897 PR:000001177 denotes D2R
T3560 9901-9905 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T3561 9985-9993 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T3562 9985-10003 GO:0007212 denotes dopamine signaling
T3563 10017-10025 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T3564 10017-10030 PR:000001177 denotes dopamine D2Rs
T3565 10067-10075 GO:0007612 denotes learning
T3566 10086-10090 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes Mice
T3567 10114-10122 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T3568 10114-10126 PR:000001177 denotes dopamine D2R
T3569 10208-10212 CHEBI:33290 denotes food
T3570 10234-10241 GO:0007612 denotes learned
T3571 10253-10257 CHEBI:33290 denotes food
T3572 10369-10373 NCBITaxon:10114 denotes rats
T3573 10395-10398 PR:000001177 denotes D2R
T3574 10449-10455 CHEBI:78741 denotes 6-OHDA
T3575 10477-10488 _FRAGMENT denotes associative
T3576 10501-10509 GO:0008306 denotes learning
T3577 10596-10604 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T3578 10629-10633 PR:000001177 denotes D2Rs
T3579 10684-10688 CHEBI:33290 denotes food
T3580 10741-10744 PR:000001177 denotes D2R
T3581 10748-10752 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T3582 10802-10806 PR:000001177 denotes D2Rs
T3583 10868-10888 GO:0008306 denotes associative learning
T3584 10978-10998 GO:0008306 denotes associative learning
T3585 11015-11023 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T3586 11015-11028 PR:000001175 denotes dopamine D1Rs
T3587 11063-11071 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T3588 11063-11076 PR:000001175 denotes dopamine D1Rs
T3589 11082-11090 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T3590 11100-11108 GO:0007612 denotes learning
T3591 11113-11117 PR:000001177 denotes D2Rs
T3592 11224-11235 PR:000001177 denotes dopamine D2
T3593 11224-11234 _FRAGMENT denotes dopamine D
T3594 11236-11237 PR:000001178 denotes 3
T3595 11224-11232 _FRAGMENT denotes dopamine
T3596 11238-11248 CHEBI:48561 denotes antagonist
T3597 11295-11299 CHEBI:33290 denotes food
T3598 11310-11330 GO:0008306 denotes associative learning
T3599 11403-11411 GO:0007612 denotes learning
T3600 11445-11448 PR:000001175 denotes D1R
T3601 11452-11455 PR:000001177 denotes D2R
T3602 11662-11665 PR:000001177 denotes D2R
T3603 11744-11747 PR:000001177 denotes D2R
T3604 11770-11781 _FRAGMENT denotes associative
T3605 11795-11803 GO:0008306 denotes learning
T3606 11887-11890 PR:000001177 denotes D2R
T3607 11906-11916 GO:0040011 denotes locomotion
T3608 11921-11929 GO:0007612 denotes learning
T3609 11998-12001 PR:000001177 denotes D2R
T3610 12059-12067 GO:0007612 denotes learning
T3611 12152-12157 CHEBI:23888 denotes drugs
T3612 12230-12238 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T3613 12230-12243 PR:000001177 denotes dopamine D2Rs
T3614 12323-12327 PR:000001177 denotes D2Rs
T3615 12331-12351 GO:0008306 denotes associative learning
T3616 12398-12407 GO:0040011 denotes locomotor
T3617 12565-12573 GO:0007612 denotes learning
T3618 12644-12648 PR:000001177 denotes D2Rs
T3619 12652-12672 GO:0008306 denotes associative learning
T3620 12824-12827 PR:000001177 denotes D2R
T3621 12843-12850 NCBITaxon:9989 denotes rodents
T3622 12980-12984 PR:000001177 denotes D2Rs
T3623 13035-13055 GO:0008306 denotes associative learning
T3624 13059-13066 NCBITaxon:9989 denotes rodents
T3625 13107-13110 PR:000001177 denotes D2R
T3626 13278-13286 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T3627 13399-13403 PR:000001177 denotes D2Rs
T3628 13405-13409 PR:000001178 denotes D3Rs
T3629 13415-13419 PR:000001179 denotes D4Rs
T3630 13526-13530 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T3631 13546-13557 SO:0000704 denotes genetically
T3632 13616-13623 SO:0001023 denotes alleles
T3633 13754-13759 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mouse
T3634 13883-13890 NCBITaxon:33208 denotes animals
T3635 13937-13955 GO:0007626 denotes locomotor behavior
T3636 13978-13981 PR:000001177 denotes D2R
T3637 13989-13992 PR:000001177 denotes D2R
T3638 13996-14000 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T3639 14058-14061 PR:000001177 denotes D2R
T3640 14084-14104 GO:0008306 denotes associative learning
T3641 14197-14200 PR:000001177 denotes D2R
T3642 14276-14283 SO:0000704 denotes genetic
T3643 14304-14308 PR:000001177 denotes drd2
T3644 14333-14342 GO:0007608 denotes olfactory
T3645 14361-14364 PR:000001177 denotes D2R
T3646 14368-14372 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T3647 14427-14430 PR:000001177 denotes D2R
T3648 14434-14438 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T3649 14443-14448 GO:0007612 denotes learn
T3650 14465-14469 CHEBI:33290 denotes food
T3651 14509-14516 GO:0007612 denotes learned
T3652 14601-14609 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T3653 14601-14615 PR:000001177 denotes dopamine D2R's
T3654 14654-14659 GO:0030424 denotes axons
T3655 14663-14672 GO:0007608 denotes olfactory
T3656 14663-14679 UBERON:0001579 denotes olfactory nerves
T3657 14716-14725 GO:0007608 denotes olfactory
T3658 14716-14731 UBERON:0001579 denotes olfactory nerve
T3659 14739-14754 _FRAGMENT denotes mitral cells of
T3660 14759-14773 CL:1001502 denotes olfactory bulb
T3661 14759-14768 GO:0007608 denotes olfactory
T3662 14759-14773 UBERON:0002264 denotes olfactory bulb
T3663 14870-14874 PR:000001177 denotes D2Rs
T3664 14882-14891 GO:0007608 denotes olfactory
T3665 14882-14896 UBERON:0002264 denotes olfactory bulb
T3666 14930-14939 GO:0007608 denotes olfactory
T3667 14982-14991 GO:0046959 denotes habituate
T3668 15002-15011 GO:0007608 denotes olfactory
T3669 15002-15017 UBERON:0001579 denotes olfactory nerve
T3670 15127-15130 PR:000001177 denotes D2R
T3671 15134-15138 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T3672 15155-15163 GO:0007612 denotes learning
T3673 15198-15206 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T3674 15198-15210 PR:000001177 denotes dopamine D2R
T3675 15324-15327 PR:000001177 denotes D2R
T3676 15331-15335 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T3677 15348-15351 PR:000001177 denotes D2R
T3678 15355-15359 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T3679 15376-15384 GO:0007612 denotes learning
T3680 15546-15549 PR:000001177 denotes D2R
T3681 15553-15557 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T3682 15569-15573 CHEBI:33290 denotes food
T3683 15663-15666 PR:000001175 denotes D1R
T3684 15698-15701 PR:000001177 denotes D2R
T3685 15705-15709 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T3686 15767-15775 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T3687 15767-15780 PR:000001175 denotes dopamine D1Rs
T3688 15788-15792 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T3689 15997-16005 GO:0007612 denotes learning
T3690 16188-16192 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T3691 16298-16301 PR:000001177 denotes D2R
T3692 16305-16309 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T3693 16453-16461 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T3694 16481-16489 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T3695 16481-16493 PR:000001177 denotes dopamine D2R
T3696 16514-16523 GO:0065007 denotes modulates
T3697 16678-16686 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T3698 16678-16692 CL:0000700 denotes dopamine cells
T3699 16756-16776 GO:0008306 denotes associative learning
T3700 16823-16835 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopaminergic
T3701 16823-16841 CL:0000700 denotes dopaminergic cells
T3702 16965-16977 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopaminergic
T3703 16965-16982 CL:0000700 denotes dopaminergic cell
T3704 16978-16993 GO:0001775 denotes cell activation
T3705 17174-17177 PR:000001177 denotes D2R
T3706 17181-17185 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T3707 17261-17269 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T3708 17261-17273 PR:000001177 denotes dopamine D2R
T3709 17424-17432 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T3710 17424-17437 PR:000001177 denotes dopamine D2Rs
T3711 17444-17447 PR:000001175 denotes D1R
T3712 17546-17561 UBERON:0005382 denotes dorsal striatum
T3713 17583-17586 PR:000001177 denotes D2R
T3714 17590-17594 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T3715 17654-17662 UBERON:0002435 denotes striatal
T5788 18717-18725 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T5789 18717-18730 PR:000001177 denotes dopamine D2Rs
T5790 18839-18843 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T5791 18868-18872 PR:000001177 denotes D2Rs
T5792 19056-19076 GO:0008306 denotes associative learning
T5793 19142-19150 GO:0007612 denotes learning
T5794 19152-19160 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T5795 19221-19229 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T5796 19221-19234 PR:000001177 denotes dopamine D2Rs
T5797 19253-19273 GO:0008306 denotes associative learning
T5798 19275-19283 UBERON:0002435 denotes striatal
T5799 19284-19292 GO:0045202 denotes synapses
T5800 19421-19430 UBERON:0006798 denotes efferents
T5801 19447-19461 UBERON:0001870 denotes frontal cortex
T5802 19487-19493 UBERON:0000349 denotes limbic
T5803 19539-19547 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T5804 19539-19551 PR:000001177 denotes dopamine D2R
T5805 19644-19650 UBERON:0000955 denotes brains
T5806 19658-19661 PR:000001177 denotes D2R
T5807 19665-19669 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T5808 19756-19764 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T5809 19756-19768 PR:000001175 denotes dopamine D1R
T5810 19974-19977 PR:000001177 denotes D2R
T5811 19981-19985 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T5812 20065-20069 PR:000001177 denotes D2Rs
T5813 20073-20084 _FRAGMENT denotes associative
T5814 20098-20106 GO:0008306 denotes learning
T6101 20163-20167 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T6102 20656-20670 GO:0044849 denotes estrous cycles
T6103 20783-20790 NCBITaxon:33208 denotes animals
T6104 20897-20904 NCBITaxon:33208 denotes Animals
T6313 21190-21197 NCBITaxon:9989 denotes rodents
T6314 21291-21295 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes Mice
T6315 21308-21312 CHEBI:33290 denotes food
T6316 21362-21370 CHEBI:18243 denotes Dopamine
T6317 21362-21374 PR:000001177 denotes Dopamine D2R
T6318 21382-21385 PR:000001177 denotes D2R
T6319 21389-21393 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T6320 21438-21446 GO:0040011 denotes ambulate
T6321 21473-21478 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mouse
T6322 21537-21543 NCBITaxon:9989 denotes rodent
T6323 21544-21548 CHEBI:33290 denotes food
T6324 21721-21728 GO:0007631 denotes consume
T6325 21733-21737 CHEBI:33290 denotes food
T6326 21783-21787 UBERON:0002398 denotes hand
T6327 21853-21861 GO:0040011 denotes ambulate
T6328 21942-21946 CHEBI:33290 denotes food
T6329 22016-22021 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mouse
T6330 22041-22045 CHEBI:33290 denotes food
T6331 22101-22105 CHEBI:33290 denotes food
T6332 22255-22260 GO:0007612 denotes learn
T6333 22286-22290 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T6334 22426-22430 CHEBI:33290 denotes food
T6335 22643-22647 NCBITaxon:40922 denotes dill
T6336 22780-22784 CHEBI:33290 denotes food
T6337 22858-22862 CHEBI:33290 denotes food
T6338 22901-22908 CHEBI:60004 denotes mixture
T6339 22985-22990 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mouse
T6340 23020-23028 GO:0007631 denotes consumed
T6341 23176-23181 UBERON:0006333 denotes snout
T6342 23191-23200 UBERON:0002102 denotes forelimbs
T6343 23552-23556 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T6344 23980-23988 GO:0007612 denotes learning
T6345 24042-24050 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T6346 24042-24055 PR:000001177 denotes dopamine D2Rs
T6347 24068-24076 GO:0007612 denotes learning
T6348 24483-24491 GO:0007612 denotes learning
T7109 24932-24940 GO:0007612 denotes learning
T7110 25049-25057 GO:0007612 denotes learning
T7111 25464-25472 GO:0007612 denotes learning
T3728 18235-18238 PR:000001177 denotes D2R
T3729 18371-18374 PR:000001177 denotes D2R
T3730 18378-18382 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T3731 18414-18422 GO:0007612 denotes learning
T3732 18507-18511 PR:000001177 denotes D2Rs
T3733 18553-18561 NCBITaxon:1 denotes organism
T3716 17663-17671 GO:0045202 denotes synaptic
T3717 17710-17725 UBERON:0005382 denotes dorsal striatum
T3718 17748-17752 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T3719 17816-17824 CL:0000540 denotes neuronal
T3720 17837-17845 UBERON:0002435 denotes striatal
T3721 17846-17855 UBERON:0006798 denotes efferents
T3722 17912-17920 CHEBI:18243 denotes dopamine
T3723 17912-17924 PR:000001177 denotes dopamine D2R
T3724 17944-17952 UBERON:0002435 denotes striatum
T3725 18107-18122 UBERON:0005382 denotes dorsal striatum
T3726 18126-18133 NCBITaxon:9989 denotes rodents
T3727 18164-18171 UBERON:0001873 denotes caudate
T3734 18565-18573 GO:0007612 denotes learning
T3735 18610-18618 GO:0007612 denotes learning
R393 T857 T856 _lexicallyChainedTo R,D1b
R394 T859 T858 _lexicallyChainedTo 5R,D
R395 T868 T867 _lexicallyChainedTo receptors,D1-like
R396 T892 T891 _lexicallyChainedTo learning,associative
R397 T907 T906 _lexicallyChainedTo antagonists,dopamine
R398 T934 T933 _lexicallyChainedTo learning,associative
R2133 T3547 T3546 _lexicallyChainedTo learning,associative
R2134 T3576 T3575 _lexicallyChainedTo learning,associative
R2135 T3594 T3593 _lexicallyChainedTo 3,dopamine D
R2136 T3596 T3595 _lexicallyChainedTo antagonist,dopamine
R2137 T3605 T3604 _lexicallyChainedTo learning,associative
R2138 T3660 T3659 _lexicallyChainedTo olfactory bulb,mitral cells of
R3773 T5814 T5813 _lexicallyChainedTo learning,associative

2_test

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
15061865-9858756-12857691 261-262 9858756 denotes 1
15061865-9858756-12857692 953-954 9858756 denotes 1
15061865-12445713-12857693 955-956 12445713 denotes 2
15061865-9858756-12857694 994-995 9858756 denotes 1
15061865-9329075-12857695 1385-1386 9329075 denotes 3
15061865-11509194-12857695 1385-1386 11509194 denotes 3
15061865-11919664-12857695 1385-1386 11919664 denotes 3
15061865-12629161-12857695 1385-1386 12629161 denotes 3
15061865-11027236-12857695 1385-1386 11027236 denotes 3
15061865-12445722-12857695 1385-1386 12445722 denotes 3
15061865-11351937-12857695 1385-1386 11351937 denotes 3
15061865-9858756-12857696 1409-1410 9858756 denotes 1
15061865-12073171-12857697 1411-1413 12073171 denotes 10
15061865-11530224-12857698 1414-1416 11530224 denotes 11
15061865-8494342-12857699 1785-1787 8494342 denotes 12
15061865-9858756-12857700 2106-2107 9858756 denotes 1
15061865-12445713-12857701 2108-2109 12445713 denotes 2
15061865-11257908-12857702 2110-2112 11257908 denotes 14
15061865-12629161-12857703 2272-2273 12629161 denotes 6
15061865-11027236-12857704 2274-2275 11027236 denotes 7
15061865-11351937-12857705 2353-2354 11351937 denotes 9
15061865-12629161-12857706 2679-2680 12629161 denotes 6
15061865-11027236-12857707 2681-2682 11027236 denotes 7
15061865-12629161-12857708 2989-2990 12629161 denotes 6
15061865-12445722-12857709 2991-2992 12445722 denotes 8
15061865-12445713-12857710 3312-3313 12445713 denotes 2
15061865-11919664-12857711 3314-3315 11919664 denotes 5
15061865-12629161-12857712 3316-3317 12629161 denotes 6
15061865-11027236-12857713 3353-3354 11027236 denotes 7
15061865-11351937-12857714 3355-3356 11351937 denotes 9
15061865-12457265-12857715 3781-3783 12457265 denotes 15
15061865-12589383-12857716 3784-3786 12589383 denotes 16
15061865-12629161-12857717 3837-3838 12629161 denotes 6
15061865-11027236-12857718 3839-3840 11027236 denotes 7
15061865-11323267-12857719 4139-4141 11323267 denotes 18
15061865-11323267-12857720 4293-4295 11323267 denotes 18
15061865-10789947-12857721 4465-4467 10789947 denotes 19
15061865-9105587-12857722 4565-4567 9105587 denotes 20
15061865-10525751-12857723 4673-4675 10525751 denotes 21
15061865-10484959-12857724 4806-4808 10484959 denotes 22
15061865-9247267-12857725 5127-5129 9247267 denotes 23
15061865-11323267-12857726 5378-5380 11323267 denotes 17
15061865-10789947-12857726 5378-5380 10789947 denotes 17
15061865-9329075-12857727 10412-10413 9329075 denotes 3
15061865-11509194-12857727 10412-10413 11509194 denotes 3
15061865-11919664-12857727 10412-10413 11919664 denotes 3
15061865-12629161-12857727 10412-10413 12629161 denotes 3
15061865-11027236-12857727 10412-10413 11027236 denotes 3
15061865-12445722-12857727 10412-10413 12445722 denotes 3
15061865-9858756-12857728 10465-10466 9858756 denotes 1
15061865-12073171-12857729 10467-10469 12073171 denotes 10
15061865-11530224-12857730 10470-10472 11530224 denotes 11
15061865-9858756-12857731 10703-10704 9858756 denotes 1
15061865-12445713-12857732 10705-10706 12445713 denotes 2
15061865-12629161-12857733 10951-10952 12629161 denotes 6
15061865-11027236-12857734 10953-10954 11027236 denotes 7
15061865-11351937-12857735 10972-10973 11351937 denotes 9
15061865-9579323-12857736 11154-11156 9579323 denotes 24
15061865-12629161-12857737 11332-11333 12629161 denotes 6
15061865-12629161-12857738 11466-11467 12629161 denotes 6
15061865-12457265-12857739 11984-11986 12457265 denotes 15
15061865-12589383-12857740 11987-11989 12589383 denotes 16
15061865-9329075-12857741 12279-12280 9329075 denotes 3
15061865-12445713-12857742 12420-12421 12445713 denotes 2
15061865-12629161-12857743 12422-12423 12629161 denotes 6
15061865-12445722-12857744 12424-12425 12445722 denotes 8
15061865-3615345-12857745 12506-12508 3615345 denotes 25
15061865-12629161-12857746 12591-12592 12629161 denotes 6
15061865-7197320-12857747 12731-12733 7197320 denotes 26
15061865-556989-12857747 12731-12733 556989 denotes 26
15061865-4277740-12857747 12731-12733 4277740 denotes 26
15061865-11229973-12857748 12986-12988 11229973 denotes 29
15061865-11731555-12857749 14775-14777 11731555 denotes 30
15061865-1357586-12857750 14778-14780 1357586 denotes 31
15061865-10444702-12857751 15102-15104 10444702 denotes 32
15061865-12629161-12857752 15686-15687 12629161 denotes 6
15061865-12649484-12857753 16784-16786 12649484 denotes 33
15061865-11257908-12857754 16936-16938 11257908 denotes 14
15061865-11257908-12857755 17073-17075 11257908 denotes 14
15061865-9169514-12857756 17501-17503 9169514 denotes 34
15061865-9169514-12857757 17857-17859 9169514 denotes 34
15061865-11264457-12857758 17887-17889 11264457 denotes 35
15061865-11144344-12857759 18135-18137 11144344 denotes 36
15061865-10742158-12857760 18195-18197 10742158 denotes 37
15061865-10484959-12857761 18291-18293 10484959 denotes 22
15061865-9858756-12857762 18824-18825 9858756 denotes 1
15061865-12445713-12857763 18826-18827 12445713 denotes 2
15061865-11793342-12857764 19294-19296 11793342 denotes 38
15061865-11027236-12857765 19330-19331 11027236 denotes 7
15061865-10933217-12857766 19509-19511 10933217 denotes 39
15061865-10731217-12857766 19509-19511 10731217 denotes 39
15061865-9247267-12857767 20615-20617 9247267 denotes 23
15061865-11323267-12857768 21199-21201 11323267 denotes 18
15061865-11323267-12857769 24361-24363 11323267 denotes 18