PMC:3986539 / 21553-23402 JSONTXT

{"project":"2_test","denotations":[{"id":"24782714-23676276-37408789","span":{"begin":293,"end":297},"obj":"23676276"},{"id":"24782714-16306415-37408790","span":{"begin":320,"end":324},"obj":"16306415"}],"text":"Figure 2 Interactions between attention and reward. (A) A schematic illustration of typical tasks used to study reward and attention, and how the differences in potential reward and neural activity are similar between the two paradigms. Consider two studies conducted in V1 (Stănişor et al., 2013 and McAdams and Reid, 2005). To study the effect of reward size in the Stănişor task (schematically illustrated in the top panel), two potential targets appear, with colors indicating different reward values. Neural activity recorded at this point in the task reflects the relative value of the target in the RF (higher activity when the RF target offered a greater reward than the non-RF target); a subsequent cue instructs the monkey which target to saccade to. In the McAdams and Reid attentional paradigm (bottom panel), a cue indicates which of two stimuli should be monitored for a change, which instructs an eye movement response to a separate location. Changes at the uncued location must be ignored, and will never lead to rewards. Neural activity is higher when the stimulus in the RF is cued. In both cases higher expected reward value for the stimulus in the RF is associated with greater neural activity. (B) An overview of brain areas in which neural activity reflecting both attentional modulation and reward value has been reported. Only a single study is cited for each area; reward studies are in gray, attention studies in black. Dotted outlines represent structures not located on the cortical surface, either within sulci or deeper within the brain. Abbreviations: PMC, premotor cortex; vlPFC, ventrolateral prefrontal cortex; dlPFC, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex; SC, superior colliculus; BG, basal ganglia; LIP, lateral intraparietal area; SEF, supplementary eye field; ACC, anterior cingulate cortex; FEF, frontal eye field.\n\n"}