PMC:3852299 / 6582-7696 JSONTXT

{"target":"https://pubannotation.org/docs/sourcedb/PMC/sourceid/3852299","sourcedb":"PMC","sourceid":"3852299","source_url":"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/3852299","text":"Comorbid conditions and ASD\nComorbid conditions are common in children and families with ASD. Parents of affected children have increased rates of stress, anxiety and depression [21]. Comorbid behavioural and developmental disorders in people diagnosed with ASD include intellectual delays, inattention, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, aggression and disruption, depression or anxiety, sleep disruption or sensory differences [22,23]. Other comorbidities include gastroesophageal reflux, flood selectivity and neurological disorders, such as tics, seizures or migraine [24]. Many of these conditions have been linked to the dysregulation of serotonergic systems [25-34]. Abnormalities in serotonergic function have been linked with ASD since Schain and Freedman reported hyperserotonemia in 1961 [35]. This observation has been confirmed in subsequent studies where in 25 to 33% of individuals diagnosed with ASD, whole blood serotonin levels were found to be elevated [36]. Furthermore, family members of children diagnosed with ASD with hyperserotonemia also exhibit raised blood serotonin levels [37].","divisions":[{"label":"Title","span":{"begin":0,"end":27}}],"tracks":[{"project":"NEUROSES","denotations":[{"id":"T132","span":{"begin":128,"end":137},"obj":"PATO_0000470"},{"id":"T133","span":{"begin":711,"end":719},"obj":"PATO_0000173"},{"id":"T134","span":{"begin":936,"end":945},"obj":"CHEBI_350546"},{"id":"T135","span":{"begin":1092,"end":1101},"obj":"CHEBI_350546"},{"id":"T136","span":{"begin":936,"end":945},"obj":"CHEBI_28790"},{"id":"T137","span":{"begin":1092,"end":1101},"obj":"CHEBI_28790"},{"id":"T138","span":{"begin":970,"end":978},"obj":"PATO_0001688"},{"id":"T139","span":{"begin":1079,"end":1085},"obj":"PATO_0001369"},{"id":"T140","span":{"begin":167,"end":177},"obj":"PM3425"},{"id":"T141","span":{"begin":373,"end":383},"obj":"PM3425"},{"id":"T142","span":{"begin":167,"end":177},"obj":"PM3425"},{"id":"T143","span":{"begin":373,"end":383},"obj":"PM3425"}],"attributes":[{"subj":"T132","pred":"source","obj":"NEUROSES"},{"subj":"T133","pred":"source","obj":"NEUROSES"},{"subj":"T134","pred":"source","obj":"NEUROSES"},{"subj":"T135","pred":"source","obj":"NEUROSES"},{"subj":"T136","pred":"source","obj":"NEUROSES"},{"subj":"T137","pred":"source","obj":"NEUROSES"},{"subj":"T138","pred":"source","obj":"NEUROSES"},{"subj":"T139","pred":"source","obj":"NEUROSES"},{"subj":"T140","pred":"source","obj":"NEUROSES"},{"subj":"T141","pred":"source","obj":"NEUROSES"},{"subj":"T142","pred":"source","obj":"NEUROSES"},{"subj":"T143","pred":"source","obj":"NEUROSES"}]},{"project":"2_test","denotations":[{"id":"24103554-17100948-70233123","span":{"begin":179,"end":181},"obj":"17100948"},{"id":"24103554-18645422-70233124","span":{"begin":437,"end":439},"obj":"18645422"},{"id":"24103554-22284791-70233125","span":{"begin":440,"end":442},"obj":"22284791"},{"id":"24103554-17574771-70233126","span":{"begin":580,"end":582},"obj":"17574771"},{"id":"24103554-19698674-70233127","span":{"begin":673,"end":675},"obj":"19698674"},{"id":"24103554-9858044-70233127","span":{"begin":673,"end":675},"obj":"9858044"},{"id":"24103554-19375285-70233127","span":{"begin":673,"end":675},"obj":"19375285"},{"id":"24103554-20435093-70233127","span":{"begin":673,"end":675},"obj":"20435093"},{"id":"24103554-21459634-70233127","span":{"begin":673,"end":675},"obj":"21459634"},{"id":"24103554-17241888-70233127","span":{"begin":673,"end":675},"obj":"17241888"},{"id":"24103554-12849929-70233127","span":{"begin":673,"end":675},"obj":"12849929"},{"id":"24103554-23123360-70233127","span":{"begin":673,"end":675},"obj":"23123360"},{"id":"24103554-17351723-70233127","span":{"begin":673,"end":675},"obj":"17351723"},{"id":"24103554-13747230-70233128","span":{"begin":807,"end":809},"obj":"13747230"},{"id":"24103554-3989161-70233129","span":{"begin":1110,"end":1112},"obj":"3989161"}],"attributes":[{"subj":"24103554-17100948-70233123","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"24103554-18645422-70233124","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"24103554-22284791-70233125","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"24103554-17574771-70233126","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"24103554-19698674-70233127","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"24103554-9858044-70233127","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"24103554-19375285-70233127","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"24103554-20435093-70233127","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"24103554-21459634-70233127","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"24103554-17241888-70233127","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"24103554-12849929-70233127","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"24103554-23123360-70233127","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"24103554-17351723-70233127","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"24103554-13747230-70233128","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"24103554-3989161-70233129","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"}]}],"config":{"attribute types":[{"pred":"source","value type":"selection","values":[{"id":"NEUROSES","color":"#93ecca","default":true},{"id":"2_test","color":"#ecb093"}]}]}}