PMC:3156114 / 2309-3667 JSONTXT

{"project":"2_test","denotations":[{"id":"21858013-19375633-93326820","span":{"begin":125,"end":126},"obj":"19375633"},{"id":"21858013-10770911-93326821","span":{"begin":314,"end":315},"obj":"10770911"},{"id":"21858013-19255292-93326822","span":{"begin":319,"end":320},"obj":"19255292"},{"id":"21858013-9516219-93326823","span":{"begin":324,"end":325},"obj":"9516219"},{"id":"21858013-14502014-93326824","span":{"begin":329,"end":330},"obj":"14502014"},{"id":"21858013-19375633-93326825","span":{"begin":444,"end":445},"obj":"19375633"},{"id":"21858013-10665557-93326826","span":{"begin":544,"end":545},"obj":"10665557"},{"id":"21858013-12384847-93326827","span":{"begin":549,"end":550},"obj":"12384847"},{"id":"21858013-11741168-93326828","span":{"begin":554,"end":555},"obj":"11741168"},{"id":"21858013-10917216-93326829","span":{"begin":559,"end":560},"obj":"10917216"},{"id":"21858013-15479572-93326830","span":{"begin":564,"end":566},"obj":"15479572"},{"id":"21858013-12491205-93326831","span":{"begin":600,"end":602},"obj":"12491205"},{"id":"21858013-12556698-93326832","span":{"begin":691,"end":693},"obj":"12556698"},{"id":"21858013-11579884-93326833","span":{"begin":697,"end":699},"obj":"11579884"},{"id":"21858013-12588011-93326834","span":{"begin":703,"end":705},"obj":"12588011"},{"id":"21858013-17852928-93326835","span":{"begin":777,"end":779},"obj":"17852928"},{"id":"21858013-12755239-93326836","span":{"begin":783,"end":785},"obj":"12755239"},{"id":"21858013-9068301-93326837","span":{"begin":789,"end":791},"obj":"9068301"},{"id":"21858013-8985536-93326838","span":{"begin":795,"end":797},"obj":"8985536"},{"id":"21858013-8611829-93326839","span":{"begin":801,"end":803},"obj":"8611829"},{"id":"21858013-7475717-93326840","span":{"begin":807,"end":809},"obj":"7475717"},{"id":"21858013-10932492-93326841","span":{"begin":940,"end":942},"obj":"10932492"},{"id":"21858013-7612115-93326842","span":{"begin":946,"end":948},"obj":"7612115"},{"id":"21858013-18645508-93326843","span":{"begin":952,"end":954},"obj":"18645508"},{"id":"21858013-15504255-93326844","span":{"begin":1141,"end":1143},"obj":"15504255"},{"id":"21858013-19584693-93326845","span":{"begin":1147,"end":1149},"obj":"19584693"},{"id":"21858013-19828210-93326846","span":{"begin":1231,"end":1233},"obj":"19828210"},{"id":"21858013-9568999-93326847","span":{"begin":1277,"end":1279},"obj":"9568999"},{"id":"21858013-19375633-93326848","span":{"begin":1354,"end":1355},"obj":"19375633"}],"text":"Pneumocystis jirovecii causes a fungal pneumonia (PCP) affecting HIV-infected and other immunocompromised persons worldwide [1]. Although highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) and PCP prophylaxis, usually with cotrimoxazole (CTX), have reduced the burden of PCP among AIDS patients in developed countries [2], [3], [4], [5], PCP remains an important cause of HIV-related morbidity and mortality throughout much of the developing world [1]. The prevalence of PCP among HIV-infected African children with pneumonia ranges from 10 to 49% [6], [7], [8], [9], [10], with mortality as high as 80% [11]. Among African adults, in whom the disease is often misdiagnosed as smear-negative TB [12], [13], [14], increases in PCP diagnoses have been noted during the past 15 years [15], [16], [17], [18], [19], [20]. In Southeast Asia, PCP prevalence among HIV-infected children and adults with pneumonia has been reported to be as high as 66% [21], [22], [23]. Among HIV-uninfected persons, those at risk of PCP include persons receiving immunosuppressive therapies, such as renal transplant patients (estimated cumulative PCP incidence: 0.4%) [24], [25], patients undergoing immunosuppressive therapy for connective tissue disorders [26], and children with chronic lung diseases [27]. Mortality from PCP among HIV-uninfected patients can be as high as 40% [1].\n"}