PMC:2792620 / 17738-19119 JSONTXT

{"project":"2_test","denotations":[{"id":"20040958-10168353-47224457","span":{"begin":455,"end":457},"obj":"10168353"},{"id":"20040958-10776828-47224458","span":{"begin":646,"end":648},"obj":"10776828"},{"id":"20040958-10090447-47224459","span":{"begin":856,"end":858},"obj":"10090447"},{"id":"20040958-7639651-47224460","span":{"begin":1053,"end":1055},"obj":"7639651"},{"id":"T87219","span":{"begin":455,"end":457},"obj":"10168353"},{"id":"T74490","span":{"begin":646,"end":648},"obj":"10776828"},{"id":"T75808","span":{"begin":856,"end":858},"obj":"10090447"},{"id":"T49379","span":{"begin":1053,"end":1055},"obj":"7639651"}],"text":"Topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitors\nDorzolamide [Figure 5] was the first topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitor launched in the market.\nFigure 5 Structure of dorzolamide Dorzolamide reduces IOP by decreasing aqueous production, through the inhibition of the enzyme carbonic anhydrase in the ciliary body. When β-blockers are contraindicated, dorzolamide may be used as a first-line therapy. It has excellent additivity with β blockers and pilocarpine.[37]\nDorzolamide is most commonly prescribed as an add-on therapy. It is available as a 2% ophthalmic solution applied three times daily. An IOP reduction of approximately 19-23% is observed.[38]\nA combination of latanoprost and dorzolamide showed additive effect in lowering the IOP in a trial with 30 patients of ocular hypertension or early capsular or primary open-angle glaucoma and elevated IOP.[39] A double-masked, randomized one-year study revealed that ocular hypotensive efficacy of 2.0% dorzolamide, given three times a day, is comparable with that of 0.5% betaxolol, given twice daily.[40] Systemic side effects are minimal, as compared with those of oral carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. However, there were local side effects, including corneal edema, borderline endothelial function, decreased visual acuity and allergic reactions. Local adverse events seen with dorzolamide include stinging, burning and itching."}