PMC:2678986 / 28977-30787
Annnotations
{"target":"https://pubannotation.org/docs/sourcedb/PMC/sourceid/2678986","sourcedb":"PMC","sourceid":"2678986","source_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/2678986","text":"4.3.1 Equilibrative nucleoside transporters (ENTs)\nThere are four members of the SLC29 family. hENT1, the first characterised family member, shares similar substrate specificities with hENT2. These transporters play a pivotal role in the uptake of nucleoside and nucleobases across a membrane down their concentration gradient. Based on their sensitivity to nitrobenzythioinosine, ENTs are subdivided into equilibrative sensitive (es) and equilibrative insensitive (ei) (Baldwin et al., 2004; Thomas, 2004).\nENT1 protein, which encodes the es nucleoside transporter, is present on the human BBB. It is thought that this carrier is responsible for the transport of ddI across the guinea pig BBB. This was confirmed when the es transporter substrates, adenosine and thymidine, inhibited the brain uptake of [3H]ddI (Gibbs et al., 2003a). Interestingly, the es transporter is also active in human lymphocytes, raising the possibility that it could facilitate the transport of NRTIs into this HIV reservoir (Chan et al., 1993). ENT2, the ei transporter, transports purine and pyrimidine nucleosides but with a lower affinity that ENT1. However unlike ENT1, ENT2 is a carrier of AZT and can transport ddI and ddC much more efficiently than ENT1 (Baldwin et al., 2004).\nRecently, Minuesa et al. (2008) found that human ENTs were the most highly expressed transporters in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and CD4+ T-cells and that the expression and activity of this transporter were increased by 100- and 30-fold, respectively, following stimulation of primary T lymphocytes. Determining the isoform responsible for anti-HIV drug transport across cell membranes would prove valuable in targeting these drugs to infected cells and in understanding drug–drug interactions and therapy failure (Minuesa et al., 2008).","divisions":[{"label":"label","span":{"begin":0,"end":5}},{"label":"title","span":{"begin":7,"end":51}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":52,"end":508}},{"label":"p","span":{"begin":509,"end":1264}}],"tracks":[{"project":"2_test","denotations":[{"id":"19176219-12838422-99578363","span":{"begin":488,"end":492},"obj":"12838422"},{"id":"19176219-12838422-99578363","span":{"begin":488,"end":492},"obj":"12838422"},{"id":"19176219-15134483-99578364","span":{"begin":502,"end":506},"obj":"15134483"},{"id":"19176219-15134483-99578364","span":{"begin":502,"end":506},"obj":"15134483"},{"id":"19176219-8347149-99578366","span":{"begin":1018,"end":1022},"obj":"8347149"},{"id":"19176219-8347149-99578366","span":{"begin":1018,"end":1022},"obj":"8347149"},{"id":"19176219-12838422-99578367","span":{"begin":1258,"end":1262},"obj":"12838422"},{"id":"19176219-12838422-99578367","span":{"begin":1258,"end":1262},"obj":"12838422"},{"id":"19176219-18042828-99578368","span":{"begin":1291,"end":1295},"obj":"18042828"},{"id":"19176219-18042828-99578368","span":{"begin":1291,"end":1295},"obj":"18042828"},{"id":"19176219-18042828-99578369","span":{"begin":1804,"end":1808},"obj":"18042828"},{"id":"19176219-18042828-99578369","span":{"begin":1804,"end":1808},"obj":"18042828"},{"id":"19176219-12838422-3576998","span":{"begin":502,"end":506},"obj":"12838422"},{"id":"19176219-12838422-3576998","span":{"begin":502,"end":506},"obj":"12838422"},{"id":"19176219-15134483-3576998","span":{"begin":502,"end":506},"obj":"15134483"},{"id":"19176219-15134483-3576998","span":{"begin":502,"end":506},"obj":"15134483"},{"id":"19176219-8347149-3577000","span":{"begin":1018,"end":1022},"obj":"8347149"},{"id":"19176219-8347149-3577000","span":{"begin":1018,"end":1022},"obj":"8347149"},{"id":"19176219-12838422-3577001","span":{"begin":1258,"end":1262},"obj":"12838422"},{"id":"19176219-12838422-3577001","span":{"begin":1258,"end":1262},"obj":"12838422"},{"id":"19176219-18042828-3577002","span":{"begin":1291,"end":1295},"obj":"18042828"},{"id":"19176219-18042828-3577002","span":{"begin":1291,"end":1295},"obj":"18042828"},{"id":"19176219-18042828-3577003","span":{"begin":1804,"end":1808},"obj":"18042828"},{"id":"19176219-18042828-3577003","span":{"begin":1804,"end":1808},"obj":"18042828"}],"attributes":[{"subj":"19176219-12838422-99578363","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"19176219-12838422-99578363","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"19176219-15134483-99578364","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"19176219-15134483-99578364","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"19176219-8347149-99578366","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"19176219-8347149-99578366","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"19176219-12838422-99578367","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"19176219-12838422-99578367","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"19176219-18042828-99578368","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"19176219-18042828-99578368","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"19176219-18042828-99578369","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"19176219-18042828-99578369","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"19176219-12838422-3576998","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"19176219-12838422-3576998","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"19176219-15134483-3576998","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"19176219-15134483-3576998","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"19176219-8347149-3577000","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"19176219-8347149-3577000","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"19176219-12838422-3577001","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"19176219-12838422-3577001","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"19176219-18042828-3577002","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"19176219-18042828-3577002","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"19176219-18042828-3577003","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"},{"subj":"19176219-18042828-3577003","pred":"source","obj":"2_test"}]}],"config":{"attribute types":[{"pred":"source","value type":"selection","values":[{"id":"2_test","color":"#ecdd93","default":true}]}]}}