PMC:2668061 / 3561-4520 JSONTXT

{"target":"https://pubannotation.org/docs/sourcedb/PMC/sourceid/2668061","sourcedb":"PMC","sourceid":"2668061","source_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/2668061","text":"North Africa and the Iberian Peninsula are separated by a mere 15 km of water at the Gibraltar Strait, making the region a potential migration route between Africa and Europe. Historically documented contact began dramatically in 711 CE, when a Berber army under Arab leadership crossed from Morocco, winning a key battle the following year.16 Within only four years, the invaders had conquered the entire peninsula, with the exception of the northern Basque country, Cantabria, Galicia, Asturias, and most of the Pyrenees in the north, which remained largely unoccupied.17 Arab and Berber forces then remained in control for more than five centuries, with a gradual withdrawal toward Andalusia in the south and a final expulsion in 1492. Today, signs of this lengthy Islamic occupation are abundantly obvious in the place names, language, archaeology,18 architecture, and other cultural traits of Spain and Portugal, but its demographic impact is less clear.","tracks":[]}