PMC:2518387 / 41073-42659 JSONTXT

{"project":"2_test","denotations":[{"id":"18728745-15046528-76089756","span":{"begin":139,"end":143},"obj":"15046528"},{"id":"18728745-16669726-76090655","span":{"begin":1580,"end":1584},"obj":"16669726"}],"text":"ADHD and anxiety disorders\nChildren and adults with ADHD have much higher rates of anxiety disorders than match normal controls (Biederman 2004). Clinical and epidemiological studies demonstrated that lifetime prevalence of anxiety disorders in adult patients with ADHD is 40%–60% (Sobansi 2006). In case of comorbidity of ADHD with anxiety disorders stimulant medications should be the first therapeutic intervention. Anxiety symptoms generally do not worsen on stimulant medication. A second treatment intervention would be specific therapy for anxiety disorders either with SSRIs or cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). The most beneficial treatment option is combined therapy.\nInitial studies evaluating the response to stimulants in patients with ADHD and anxiety suggested that they had a reduced response to stimulants. However, more recent studies have not supported decreased stimulant response in anxious ADHD patients (Hechtman et al 2005).\nIn a study of the treatment of adults with ADHD and comorbid anxiety and depressive disorders, Hechtman and colleagues compared the efficacy of paroxetine as a monotherapy, dextroamphetamine as a monotherapy and the combination of both medications. Results demonstrated that ADHD symptoms markedly improved with dextroamphetamine. Anxiety and depressive symptoms were improved with paroxetine.\nPatients who received both dextroamphetamine and paroxetine improved in both ADHD and anxiety/depressive symptoms but not to the same extent as with monotherapy and they had more severe adverse events (Hechtman et al 2003; Weiss et al 2006)."}

{"project":"NEUROSES","denotations":[{"id":"T1078","span":{"begin":112,"end":118},"obj":"PATO_0000461"},{"id":"T1079","span":{"begin":794,"end":801},"obj":"PATO_0001997"},{"id":"T1080","span":{"begin":874,"end":883},"obj":"PATO_0001997"},{"id":"T1081","span":{"begin":840,"end":846},"obj":"PATO_0001484"},{"id":"T1082","span":{"begin":906,"end":913},"obj":"PATO_0000872"},{"id":"T1083","span":{"begin":1095,"end":1105},"obj":"CHEBI_7936"},{"id":"T1084","span":{"begin":1333,"end":1343},"obj":"CHEBI_7936"},{"id":"T1085","span":{"begin":1394,"end":1404},"obj":"CHEBI_7936"},{"id":"T1086","span":{"begin":1124,"end":1141},"obj":"CHEBI_4469"},{"id":"T1087","span":{"begin":1263,"end":1280},"obj":"CHEBI_4469"},{"id":"T1088","span":{"begin":1372,"end":1389},"obj":"CHEBI_4469"}],"text":"ADHD and anxiety disorders\nChildren and adults with ADHD have much higher rates of anxiety disorders than match normal controls (Biederman 2004). Clinical and epidemiological studies demonstrated that lifetime prevalence of anxiety disorders in adult patients with ADHD is 40%–60% (Sobansi 2006). In case of comorbidity of ADHD with anxiety disorders stimulant medications should be the first therapeutic intervention. Anxiety symptoms generally do not worsen on stimulant medication. A second treatment intervention would be specific therapy for anxiety disorders either with SSRIs or cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). The most beneficial treatment option is combined therapy.\nInitial studies evaluating the response to stimulants in patients with ADHD and anxiety suggested that they had a reduced response to stimulants. However, more recent studies have not supported decreased stimulant response in anxious ADHD patients (Hechtman et al 2005).\nIn a study of the treatment of adults with ADHD and comorbid anxiety and depressive disorders, Hechtman and colleagues compared the efficacy of paroxetine as a monotherapy, dextroamphetamine as a monotherapy and the combination of both medications. Results demonstrated that ADHD symptoms markedly improved with dextroamphetamine. Anxiety and depressive symptoms were improved with paroxetine.\nPatients who received both dextroamphetamine and paroxetine improved in both ADHD and anxiety/depressive symptoms but not to the same extent as with monotherapy and they had more severe adverse events (Hechtman et al 2003; Weiss et al 2006)."}