Id |
Subject |
Object |
Predicate |
Lexical cue |
T796 |
0-7 |
NNS |
denotes |
Defects |
T797 |
29-37 |
VB |
denotes |
preclude |
T798 |
8-10 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T799 |
11-24 |
NN |
denotes |
recombination |
T800 |
25-28 |
MD |
denotes |
can |
T801 |
38-48 |
JJ |
denotes |
homologous |
T802 |
60-67 |
NN |
denotes |
pairing |
T803 |
49-59 |
NN |
denotes |
chromosome |
T804 |
67-69 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T805 |
69-74 |
VBP |
denotes |
leave |
T806 |
75-85 |
JJ |
denotes |
unrepaired |
T807 |
97-103 |
NNS |
denotes |
breaks |
T808 |
86-96 |
NN |
denotes |
chromosome |
T809 |
103-105 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T810 |
105-108 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T811 |
109-114 |
VBP |
denotes |
cause |
T812 |
115-125 |
NN |
denotes |
aneuploidy |
T813 |
126-128 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T814 |
129-139 |
VBG |
denotes |
abrogating |
T815 |
140-148 |
VBG |
denotes |
crossing |
T816 |
149-153 |
RP |
denotes |
over |
T817 |
153-154 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T818 |
154-308 |
sentence |
denotes |
To avoid such deleterious outcomes, surveillance systems (“checkpoints”) exist to sense meiotic errors and eliminate cells containing unresolved defects. |
T819 |
155-157 |
TO |
denotes |
To |
T820 |
158-163 |
VB |
denotes |
avoid |
T821 |
228-233 |
VBP |
denotes |
exist |
T822 |
164-168 |
JJ |
denotes |
such |
T823 |
181-189 |
NNS |
denotes |
outcomes |
T824 |
169-180 |
JJ |
denotes |
deleterious |
T825 |
189-191 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T826 |
191-203 |
NN |
denotes |
surveillance |
T827 |
204-211 |
NNS |
denotes |
systems |
T828 |
212-213 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T829 |
213-214 |
`` |
denotes |
“ |
T830 |
214-225 |
NNS |
denotes |
checkpoints |
T831 |
225-226 |
'' |
denotes |
” |
T832 |
226-227 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T833 |
234-236 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T834 |
237-242 |
VB |
denotes |
sense |
T835 |
243-250 |
JJ |
denotes |
meiotic |
T836 |
251-257 |
NNS |
denotes |
errors |
T837 |
258-261 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T838 |
262-271 |
VB |
denotes |
eliminate |
T839 |
272-277 |
NNS |
denotes |
cells |
T840 |
278-288 |
VBG |
denotes |
containing |
T841 |
289-299 |
JJ |
denotes |
unresolved |
T842 |
300-307 |
NNS |
denotes |
defects |
T843 |
307-308 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T844 |
308-541 |
sentence |
denotes |
In many organisms, including S. cerevisiae, Drosophila melanogaster, C. elegans, and mice [1–4], meiocytes with defects in recombination and/or chromosome synapsis trigger meiotic arrest in the pachytene stage of meiotic prophase I. |
T845 |
309-311 |
IN |
denotes |
In |
T846 |
473-480 |
VBP |
denotes |
trigger |
T847 |
312-316 |
JJ |
denotes |
many |
T848 |
317-326 |
NNS |
denotes |
organisms |
T849 |
326-328 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T850 |
328-337 |
VBG |
denotes |
including |
T851 |
338-340 |
NNP |
denotes |
S. |
T852 |
341-351 |
NNP |
denotes |
cerevisiae |
T853 |
351-353 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T854 |
353-363 |
NNP |
denotes |
Drosophila |
T855 |
364-376 |
NNP |
denotes |
melanogaster |
T856 |
376-378 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T857 |
378-380 |
NNP |
denotes |
C. |
T858 |
381-388 |
NNP |
denotes |
elegans |
T859 |
388-390 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T860 |
390-393 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T861 |
394-398 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T862 |
399-400 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T863 |
400-401 |
CD |
denotes |
1 |
T864 |
401-402 |
SYM |
denotes |
– |
T865 |
402-403 |
CD |
denotes |
4 |
T866 |
403-404 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T867 |
404-406 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T868 |
406-415 |
NNS |
denotes |
meiocytes |
T869 |
416-420 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T870 |
421-428 |
NNS |
denotes |
defects |
T871 |
429-431 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T872 |
432-445 |
NN |
denotes |
recombination |
T873 |
446-449 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T874 |
449-450 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T875 |
450-452 |
CC |
denotes |
or |
T876 |
453-463 |
NN |
denotes |
chromosome |
T877 |
464-472 |
NN |
denotes |
synapsis |
T878 |
481-488 |
JJ |
denotes |
meiotic |
T879 |
489-495 |
NN |
denotes |
arrest |
T880 |
496-498 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T881 |
499-502 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T882 |
513-518 |
NN |
denotes |
stage |
T883 |
503-512 |
NN |
denotes |
pachytene |
T884 |
519-521 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T885 |
522-529 |
JJ |
denotes |
meiotic |
T886 |
530-538 |
NN |
denotes |
prophase |
T887 |
539-540 |
CD |
denotes |
I |
T888 |
540-541 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T889 |
541-638 |
sentence |
denotes |
This response to meiotic defects is referred to as the “pachytene checkpoint” (reviewed in [5]). |
T890 |
542-546 |
DT |
denotes |
This |
T891 |
547-555 |
NN |
denotes |
response |
T892 |
578-586 |
VBN |
denotes |
referred |
T893 |
556-558 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T894 |
559-566 |
JJ |
denotes |
meiotic |
T895 |
567-574 |
NNS |
denotes |
defects |
T896 |
575-577 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T897 |
587-589 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T898 |
590-592 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T899 |
593-596 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T900 |
608-618 |
NN |
denotes |
checkpoint |
T901 |
597-598 |
`` |
denotes |
“ |
T902 |
598-607 |
NN |
denotes |
pachytene |
T903 |
618-619 |
NN |
denotes |
” |
T904 |
620-621 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T905 |
621-629 |
VBN |
denotes |
reviewed |
T906 |
630-632 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T907 |
633-634 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T908 |
634-635 |
CD |
denotes |
5 |
T909 |
635-636 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T910 |
636-637 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T911 |
637-638 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T912 |
638-757 |
sentence |
denotes |
Genetic experiments in S. cerevisiae have identified elements of the pachytene checkpoint machinery (reviewed in [5]). |
T913 |
639-646 |
JJ |
denotes |
Genetic |
T914 |
647-658 |
NNS |
denotes |
experiments |
T915 |
681-691 |
VBN |
denotes |
identified |
T916 |
659-661 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T917 |
662-664 |
NNP |
denotes |
S. |
T918 |
665-675 |
NNP |
denotes |
cerevisiae |
T919 |
676-680 |
VBP |
denotes |
have |
T920 |
692-700 |
NNS |
denotes |
elements |
T921 |
701-703 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T922 |
704-707 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T923 |
729-738 |
NN |
denotes |
machinery |
T924 |
708-717 |
NN |
denotes |
pachytene |
T925 |
718-728 |
NN |
denotes |
checkpoint |
T926 |
739-740 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T927 |
740-748 |
VBN |
denotes |
reviewed |
T928 |
749-751 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T929 |
752-753 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T930 |
753-754 |
CD |
denotes |
5 |
T931 |
754-755 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T932 |
755-756 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T933 |
756-757 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T934 |
757-886 |
sentence |
denotes |
In addition to meiosis-specific proteins, these include factors that play roles in DNA damage signaling in mitotic cells [6–10]. |
T935 |
758-760 |
IN |
denotes |
In |
T936 |
806-813 |
VBP |
denotes |
include |
T937 |
761-769 |
NN |
denotes |
addition |
T938 |
770-772 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T939 |
773-780 |
NN |
denotes |
meiosis |
T940 |
781-789 |
JJ |
denotes |
specific |
T941 |
780-781 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T942 |
790-798 |
NN |
denotes |
proteins |
T943 |
798-800 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T944 |
800-805 |
DT |
denotes |
these |
T945 |
814-821 |
NNS |
denotes |
factors |
T946 |
822-826 |
WDT |
denotes |
that |
T947 |
827-831 |
VBP |
denotes |
play |
T948 |
832-837 |
NNS |
denotes |
roles |
T949 |
838-840 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T950 |
841-844 |
NN |
denotes |
DNA |
T951 |
845-851 |
NN |
denotes |
damage |
T952 |
852-861 |
NN |
denotes |
signaling |
T953 |
862-864 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T954 |
865-872 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitotic |
T955 |
873-878 |
NNS |
denotes |
cells |
T956 |
879-880 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T957 |
880-881 |
CD |
denotes |
6 |
T958 |
881-882 |
SYM |
denotes |
– |
T959 |
882-884 |
CD |
denotes |
10 |
T960 |
884-885 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T961 |
885-886 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T962 |
886-1006 |
sentence |
denotes |
Arabidopsis thaliana does not appear to have a pachytene checkpoint akin to that in yeast [11], nor do male Drosophila. |
T963 |
887-898 |
NNP |
denotes |
Arabidopsis |
T964 |
899-907 |
NNP |
denotes |
thaliana |
T965 |
917-923 |
VB |
denotes |
appear |
T966 |
908-912 |
VBZ |
denotes |
does |
T967 |
913-916 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T968 |
924-926 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T969 |
927-931 |
VB |
denotes |
have |
T970 |
932-933 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T971 |
944-954 |
NN |
denotes |
checkpoint |
T972 |
934-943 |
NN |
denotes |
pachytene |
T973 |
955-959 |
JJ |
denotes |
akin |
T974 |
960-962 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T975 |
963-967 |
DT |
denotes |
that |
T976 |
968-970 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T977 |
971-976 |
NN |
denotes |
yeast |
T978 |
977-978 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T979 |
978-980 |
CD |
denotes |
11 |
T980 |
980-981 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T981 |
981-983 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T982 |
983-986 |
CC |
denotes |
nor |
T983 |
987-989 |
VB |
denotes |
do |
T984 |
990-994 |
JJ |
denotes |
male |
T985 |
995-1005 |
NNP |
denotes |
Drosophila |
T986 |
1005-1006 |
. |
denotes |
. |
R371 |
T796 |
T797 |
nsubj |
Defects,preclude |
R372 |
T798 |
T796 |
prep |
in,Defects |
R373 |
T799 |
T798 |
pobj |
recombination,in |
R374 |
T800 |
T797 |
aux |
can,preclude |
R375 |
T801 |
T802 |
amod |
homologous,pairing |
R376 |
T802 |
T797 |
dobj |
pairing,preclude |
R377 |
T803 |
T802 |
compound |
chromosome,pairing |
R378 |
T804 |
T797 |
punct |
", ",preclude |
R379 |
T805 |
T797 |
conj |
leave,preclude |
R380 |
T806 |
T807 |
amod |
unrepaired,breaks |
R381 |
T807 |
T805 |
dobj |
breaks,leave |
R382 |
T808 |
T807 |
compound |
chromosome,breaks |
R383 |
T809 |
T805 |
punct |
", ",leave |
R384 |
T810 |
T805 |
cc |
and,leave |
R385 |
T811 |
T805 |
conj |
cause,leave |
R386 |
T812 |
T811 |
dobj |
aneuploidy,cause |
R387 |
T813 |
T811 |
prep |
by,cause |
R388 |
T814 |
T813 |
pcomp |
abrogating,by |
R389 |
T815 |
T814 |
xcomp |
crossing,abrogating |
R390 |
T816 |
T815 |
prt |
over,crossing |
R391 |
T817 |
T797 |
punct |
.,preclude |
R392 |
T819 |
T820 |
aux |
To,avoid |
R393 |
T820 |
T821 |
advcl |
avoid,exist |
R394 |
T822 |
T823 |
amod |
such,outcomes |
R395 |
T823 |
T820 |
dobj |
outcomes,avoid |
R396 |
T824 |
T823 |
amod |
deleterious,outcomes |
R397 |
T825 |
T821 |
punct |
", ",exist |
R398 |
T826 |
T827 |
compound |
surveillance,systems |
R399 |
T827 |
T821 |
nsubj |
systems,exist |
R400 |
T828 |
T827 |
punct |
(,systems |
R401 |
T829 |
T827 |
punct |
“,systems |
R402 |
T830 |
T827 |
appos |
checkpoints,systems |
R403 |
T831 |
T821 |
punct |
”,exist |
R404 |
T832 |
T821 |
punct |
),exist |
R405 |
T833 |
T834 |
aux |
to,sense |
R406 |
T834 |
T821 |
advcl |
sense,exist |
R407 |
T835 |
T836 |
amod |
meiotic,errors |
R408 |
T836 |
T834 |
dobj |
errors,sense |
R409 |
T837 |
T834 |
cc |
and,sense |
R410 |
T838 |
T834 |
conj |
eliminate,sense |
R411 |
T839 |
T838 |
dobj |
cells,eliminate |
R412 |
T840 |
T839 |
acl |
containing,cells |
R413 |
T841 |
T842 |
amod |
unresolved,defects |
R414 |
T842 |
T840 |
dobj |
defects,containing |
R415 |
T843 |
T821 |
punct |
.,exist |
R416 |
T845 |
T846 |
prep |
In,trigger |
R417 |
T847 |
T848 |
amod |
many,organisms |
R418 |
T848 |
T845 |
pobj |
organisms,In |
R419 |
T849 |
T848 |
punct |
", ",organisms |
R420 |
T850 |
T848 |
prep |
including,organisms |
R421 |
T851 |
T852 |
compound |
S.,cerevisiae |
R422 |
T852 |
T850 |
pobj |
cerevisiae,including |
R423 |
T853 |
T852 |
punct |
", ",cerevisiae |
R424 |
T854 |
T855 |
compound |
Drosophila,melanogaster |
R425 |
T855 |
T852 |
conj |
melanogaster,cerevisiae |
R426 |
T856 |
T855 |
punct |
", ",melanogaster |
R427 |
T857 |
T858 |
compound |
C.,elegans |
R428 |
T858 |
T855 |
conj |
elegans,melanogaster |
R429 |
T859 |
T858 |
punct |
", ",elegans |
R430 |
T860 |
T858 |
cc |
and,elegans |
R431 |
T861 |
T858 |
conj |
mice,elegans |
R432 |
T862 |
T863 |
punct |
[,1 |
R433 |
T863 |
T861 |
parataxis |
1,mice |
R434 |
T864 |
T865 |
punct |
–,4 |
R435 |
T865 |
T863 |
prep |
4,1 |
R436 |
T866 |
T863 |
punct |
],1 |
R437 |
T867 |
T846 |
punct |
", ",trigger |
R438 |
T868 |
T846 |
nsubj |
meiocytes,trigger |
R439 |
T869 |
T868 |
prep |
with,meiocytes |
R440 |
T870 |
T869 |
pobj |
defects,with |
R441 |
T871 |
T870 |
prep |
in,defects |
R442 |
T872 |
T871 |
pobj |
recombination,in |
R443 |
T873 |
T872 |
cc |
and,recombination |
R444 |
T874 |
T873 |
punct |
/,and |
R445 |
T875 |
T873 |
cc |
or,and |
R446 |
T876 |
T877 |
compound |
chromosome,synapsis |
R447 |
T877 |
T872 |
conj |
synapsis,recombination |
R448 |
T878 |
T879 |
amod |
meiotic,arrest |
R449 |
T879 |
T846 |
dobj |
arrest,trigger |
R450 |
T880 |
T846 |
prep |
in,trigger |
R451 |
T881 |
T882 |
det |
the,stage |
R452 |
T882 |
T880 |
pobj |
stage,in |
R453 |
T883 |
T882 |
compound |
pachytene,stage |
R454 |
T884 |
T882 |
prep |
of,stage |
R455 |
T885 |
T886 |
amod |
meiotic,prophase |
R456 |
T886 |
T884 |
pobj |
prophase,of |
R457 |
T887 |
T886 |
nummod |
I,prophase |
R458 |
T888 |
T846 |
punct |
.,trigger |
R459 |
T890 |
T891 |
det |
This,response |
R460 |
T891 |
T892 |
nsubjpass |
response,referred |
R461 |
T893 |
T891 |
prep |
to,response |
R462 |
T894 |
T895 |
amod |
meiotic,defects |
R463 |
T895 |
T893 |
pobj |
defects,to |
R464 |
T896 |
T892 |
auxpass |
is,referred |
R465 |
T897 |
T892 |
prep |
to,referred |
R466 |
T898 |
T892 |
prep |
as,referred |
R467 |
T899 |
T900 |
det |
the,checkpoint |
R468 |
T900 |
T898 |
pobj |
checkpoint,as |
R469 |
T901 |
T900 |
punct |
“,checkpoint |
R470 |
T902 |
T900 |
compound |
pachytene,checkpoint |
R471 |
T903 |
T892 |
dep |
”,referred |
R472 |
T904 |
T905 |
punct |
(,reviewed |
R473 |
T905 |
T892 |
parataxis |
reviewed,referred |
R474 |
T906 |
T905 |
prep |
in,reviewed |
R475 |
T907 |
T908 |
punct |
[,5 |
R476 |
T908 |
T906 |
pobj |
5,in |
R477 |
T909 |
T908 |
punct |
],5 |
R478 |
T910 |
T905 |
punct |
),reviewed |
R479 |
T911 |
T892 |
punct |
.,referred |
R480 |
T913 |
T914 |
amod |
Genetic,experiments |
R481 |
T914 |
T915 |
nsubj |
experiments,identified |
R482 |
T916 |
T914 |
prep |
in,experiments |
R483 |
T917 |
T918 |
compound |
S.,cerevisiae |
R484 |
T918 |
T916 |
pobj |
cerevisiae,in |
R485 |
T919 |
T915 |
aux |
have,identified |
R486 |
T920 |
T915 |
dobj |
elements,identified |
R487 |
T921 |
T920 |
prep |
of,elements |
R488 |
T922 |
T923 |
det |
the,machinery |
R489 |
T923 |
T921 |
pobj |
machinery,of |
R490 |
T924 |
T923 |
compound |
pachytene,machinery |
R491 |
T925 |
T923 |
compound |
checkpoint,machinery |
R492 |
T926 |
T927 |
punct |
(,reviewed |
R493 |
T927 |
T915 |
parataxis |
reviewed,identified |
R494 |
T928 |
T927 |
prep |
in,reviewed |
R495 |
T929 |
T930 |
punct |
[,5 |
R496 |
T930 |
T928 |
pobj |
5,in |
R497 |
T931 |
T930 |
punct |
],5 |
R498 |
T932 |
T927 |
punct |
),reviewed |
R499 |
T933 |
T915 |
punct |
.,identified |
R500 |
T935 |
T936 |
prep |
In,include |
R501 |
T937 |
T935 |
pobj |
addition,In |
R502 |
T938 |
T937 |
prep |
to,addition |
R503 |
T939 |
T940 |
npadvmod |
meiosis,specific |
R504 |
T940 |
T942 |
amod |
specific,proteins |
R505 |
T941 |
T940 |
punct |
-,specific |
R506 |
T942 |
T938 |
pobj |
proteins,to |
R507 |
T943 |
T936 |
punct |
", ",include |
R508 |
T944 |
T936 |
nsubj |
these,include |
R509 |
T945 |
T936 |
dobj |
factors,include |
R510 |
T946 |
T947 |
dep |
that,play |
R511 |
T947 |
T945 |
relcl |
play,factors |
R512 |
T948 |
T947 |
dobj |
roles,play |
R513 |
T949 |
T947 |
prep |
in,play |
R514 |
T950 |
T951 |
compound |
DNA,damage |
R515 |
T951 |
T952 |
compound |
damage,signaling |
R516 |
T952 |
T949 |
pobj |
signaling,in |
R517 |
T953 |
T952 |
prep |
in,signaling |
R518 |
T954 |
T955 |
amod |
mitotic,cells |
R519 |
T955 |
T953 |
pobj |
cells,in |
R520 |
T956 |
T957 |
punct |
[,6 |
R521 |
T957 |
T936 |
parataxis |
6,include |
R522 |
T958 |
T959 |
punct |
–,10 |
R523 |
T959 |
T957 |
prep |
10,6 |
R524 |
T960 |
T957 |
punct |
],6 |
R525 |
T961 |
T936 |
punct |
.,include |
R526 |
T963 |
T964 |
compound |
Arabidopsis,thaliana |
R527 |
T964 |
T965 |
nsubj |
thaliana,appear |
R528 |
T966 |
T965 |
aux |
does,appear |
R529 |
T967 |
T965 |
neg |
not,appear |
R530 |
T968 |
T969 |
aux |
to,have |
R531 |
T969 |
T965 |
xcomp |
have,appear |
R532 |
T970 |
T971 |
det |
a,checkpoint |
R533 |
T971 |
T969 |
dobj |
checkpoint,have |
R534 |
T972 |
T971 |
compound |
pachytene,checkpoint |
R535 |
T973 |
T971 |
amod |
akin,checkpoint |
R536 |
T974 |
T973 |
prep |
to,akin |
R537 |
T975 |
T974 |
pobj |
that,to |
R538 |
T976 |
T975 |
prep |
in,that |
R539 |
T977 |
T976 |
pobj |
yeast,in |
R540 |
T978 |
T979 |
punct |
[,11 |
R541 |
T979 |
T969 |
parataxis |
11,have |
R542 |
T980 |
T979 |
punct |
],11 |
R543 |
T981 |
T965 |
punct |
", ",appear |
R544 |
T982 |
T965 |
cc |
nor,appear |
R545 |
T983 |
T965 |
conj |
do,appear |
R546 |
T984 |
T985 |
amod |
male,Drosophila |
R547 |
T985 |
T983 |
nsubj |
Drosophila,do |
R548 |
T986 |
T983 |
punct |
.,do |