Id |
Subject |
Object |
Predicate |
Lexical cue |
T2638 |
0-3 |
NN |
denotes |
Wnt |
T2639 |
4-13 |
NN |
denotes |
signaling |
T2640 |
14-16 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T2641 |
17-19 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T2642 |
20-28 |
JJ |
denotes |
critical |
T2643 |
29-39 |
NN |
denotes |
importance |
T2644 |
40-42 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T2645 |
43-50 |
JJ |
denotes |
several |
T2646 |
51-57 |
NNS |
denotes |
stages |
T2647 |
58-60 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T2648 |
61-67 |
NN |
denotes |
kidney |
T2649 |
68-79 |
NN |
denotes |
development |
T2650 |
79-80 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T2651 |
80-187 |
sentence |
denotes |
Mutual inductive interactions between the ureteric bud and metanephric mesenchyme drive nephrogenesis [1]. |
T2652 |
81-87 |
JJ |
denotes |
Mutual |
T2653 |
98-110 |
NNS |
denotes |
interactions |
T2654 |
88-97 |
JJ |
denotes |
inductive |
T2655 |
163-168 |
VBP |
denotes |
drive |
T2656 |
111-118 |
IN |
denotes |
between |
T2657 |
119-122 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T2658 |
132-135 |
NN |
denotes |
bud |
T2659 |
123-131 |
JJ |
denotes |
ureteric |
T2660 |
136-139 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T2661 |
140-151 |
JJ |
denotes |
metanephric |
T2662 |
152-162 |
NN |
denotes |
mesenchyme |
T2663 |
169-182 |
NN |
denotes |
nephrogenesis |
T2664 |
183-184 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T2665 |
184-185 |
CD |
denotes |
1 |
T2666 |
185-186 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T2667 |
186-187 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T2668 |
187-296 |
sentence |
denotes |
The ureteric bud synthesizes Wnt9b, which is essential for induction of the mesenchyme to form nephrons [2]. |
T2669 |
188-191 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T2670 |
201-204 |
NN |
denotes |
bud |
T2671 |
192-200 |
JJ |
denotes |
ureteric |
T2672 |
205-216 |
VBZ |
denotes |
synthesizes |
T2673 |
217-222 |
NN |
denotes |
Wnt9b |
T2674 |
222-224 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T2675 |
224-229 |
WDT |
denotes |
which |
T2676 |
230-232 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T2677 |
233-242 |
JJ |
denotes |
essential |
T2678 |
243-246 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T2679 |
247-256 |
NN |
denotes |
induction |
T2680 |
257-259 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T2681 |
260-263 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T2682 |
264-274 |
NN |
denotes |
mesenchyme |
T2683 |
275-277 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T2684 |
278-282 |
VB |
denotes |
form |
T2685 |
283-291 |
NNS |
denotes |
nephrons |
T2686 |
292-293 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T2687 |
293-294 |
CD |
denotes |
2 |
T2688 |
294-295 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T2689 |
295-296 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T2690 |
296-391 |
sentence |
denotes |
Wnt4 is made by the induced metanephric mesenchyme and is also required for nephrogenesis [3]. |
T2691 |
297-301 |
NN |
denotes |
Wnt4 |
T2692 |
305-309 |
VBN |
denotes |
made |
T2693 |
302-304 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T2694 |
310-312 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T2695 |
313-316 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T2696 |
337-347 |
NN |
denotes |
mesenchyme |
T2697 |
317-324 |
VBN |
denotes |
induced |
T2698 |
325-336 |
JJ |
denotes |
metanephric |
T2699 |
348-351 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T2700 |
352-354 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T2701 |
360-368 |
VBN |
denotes |
required |
T2702 |
355-359 |
RB |
denotes |
also |
T2703 |
369-372 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T2704 |
373-386 |
NN |
denotes |
nephrogenesis |
T2705 |
387-388 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T2706 |
388-389 |
CD |
denotes |
3 |
T2707 |
389-390 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T2708 |
390-391 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T2709 |
391-594 |
sentence |
denotes |
Furthermore, Wnt11, secreted by the ureteric bud tips, participates in a positive feedback loop promoting glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) expression by the metanephric mesenchyme [4]. |
T2710 |
392-403 |
RB |
denotes |
Furthermore |
T2711 |
447-459 |
VBZ |
denotes |
participates |
T2712 |
403-405 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T2713 |
405-410 |
NN |
denotes |
Wnt11 |
T2714 |
410-412 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T2715 |
412-420 |
VBN |
denotes |
secreted |
T2716 |
421-423 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T2717 |
424-427 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T2718 |
441-445 |
NNS |
denotes |
tips |
T2719 |
428-436 |
JJ |
denotes |
ureteric |
T2720 |
437-440 |
NN |
denotes |
bud |
T2721 |
445-447 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T2722 |
460-462 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T2723 |
463-464 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T2724 |
483-487 |
NN |
denotes |
loop |
T2725 |
465-473 |
JJ |
denotes |
positive |
T2726 |
474-482 |
NN |
denotes |
feedback |
T2727 |
488-497 |
VBG |
denotes |
promoting |
T2728 |
498-503 |
JJ |
denotes |
glial |
T2729 |
509-513 |
NN |
denotes |
line |
T2730 |
504-508 |
NN |
denotes |
cell |
T2731 |
514-521 |
VBN |
denotes |
derived |
T2732 |
513-514 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T2733 |
535-541 |
NN |
denotes |
factor |
T2734 |
522-534 |
JJ |
denotes |
neurotrophic |
T2735 |
549-559 |
NN |
denotes |
expression |
T2736 |
542-543 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T2737 |
543-547 |
NN |
denotes |
GDNF |
T2738 |
547-548 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T2739 |
560-562 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T2740 |
563-566 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T2741 |
579-589 |
NN |
denotes |
mesenchyme |
T2742 |
567-578 |
JJ |
denotes |
metanephric |
T2743 |
590-591 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T2744 |
591-592 |
CD |
denotes |
4 |
T2745 |
592-593 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T2746 |
593-594 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T2747 |
594-738 |
sentence |
denotes |
Mutations in Wnt9b or Wnt4 result in a dramatic block in nephron formation, while Wnt11 mutants show a significant reduction in nephron number. |
T2748 |
595-604 |
NNS |
denotes |
Mutations |
T2749 |
622-628 |
VBP |
denotes |
result |
T2750 |
605-607 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T2751 |
608-613 |
NN |
denotes |
Wnt9b |
T2752 |
614-616 |
CC |
denotes |
or |
T2753 |
617-621 |
NN |
denotes |
Wnt4 |
T2754 |
629-631 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T2755 |
632-633 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T2756 |
643-648 |
NN |
denotes |
block |
T2757 |
634-642 |
JJ |
denotes |
dramatic |
T2758 |
649-651 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T2759 |
652-659 |
NN |
denotes |
nephron |
T2760 |
660-669 |
NN |
denotes |
formation |
T2761 |
669-671 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T2762 |
671-676 |
IN |
denotes |
while |
T2763 |
691-695 |
VBP |
denotes |
show |
T2764 |
677-682 |
NN |
denotes |
Wnt11 |
T2765 |
683-690 |
NNS |
denotes |
mutants |
T2766 |
696-697 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T2767 |
710-719 |
NN |
denotes |
reduction |
T2768 |
698-709 |
JJ |
denotes |
significant |
T2769 |
720-722 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T2770 |
723-730 |
NN |
denotes |
nephron |
T2771 |
731-737 |
NN |
denotes |
number |
T2772 |
737-738 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T2773 |
738-971 |
sentence |
denotes |
It is interesting to note that Wnt4 and Wnt11 have been shown to signal, at least in some cases, through noncanonical pathways [5-7], while there is evidence indicating that Wnt9b activates canonical Wnt signaling in the kidney [2]. |
T2774 |
739-741 |
PRP |
denotes |
It |
T2775 |
742-744 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T2776 |
745-756 |
JJ |
denotes |
interesting |
T2777 |
757-759 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T2778 |
760-764 |
VB |
denotes |
note |
T2779 |
765-769 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T2780 |
795-800 |
VBN |
denotes |
shown |
T2781 |
770-774 |
NN |
denotes |
Wnt4 |
T2782 |
775-778 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T2783 |
779-784 |
NN |
denotes |
Wnt11 |
T2784 |
785-789 |
VBP |
denotes |
have |
T2785 |
790-794 |
VBN |
denotes |
been |
T2786 |
801-803 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T2787 |
804-810 |
VB |
denotes |
signal |
T2788 |
810-812 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T2789 |
812-814 |
RB |
denotes |
at |
T2790 |
815-820 |
RBS |
denotes |
least |
T2791 |
821-823 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T2792 |
824-828 |
DT |
denotes |
some |
T2793 |
829-834 |
NNS |
denotes |
cases |
T2794 |
834-836 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T2795 |
836-843 |
IN |
denotes |
through |
T2796 |
844-856 |
JJ |
denotes |
noncanonical |
T2797 |
857-865 |
NNS |
denotes |
pathways |
T2798 |
866-867 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T2799 |
867-868 |
CD |
denotes |
5 |
T2800 |
868-869 |
SYM |
denotes |
- |
T2801 |
869-870 |
CD |
denotes |
7 |
T2802 |
870-871 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T2803 |
871-873 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T2804 |
873-878 |
IN |
denotes |
while |
T2805 |
885-887 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T2806 |
879-884 |
EX |
denotes |
there |
T2807 |
888-896 |
NN |
denotes |
evidence |
T2808 |
897-907 |
VBG |
denotes |
indicating |
T2809 |
908-912 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T2810 |
919-928 |
VBZ |
denotes |
activates |
T2811 |
913-918 |
NN |
denotes |
Wnt9b |
T2812 |
929-938 |
JJ |
denotes |
canonical |
T2813 |
943-952 |
NN |
denotes |
signaling |
T2814 |
939-942 |
NN |
denotes |
Wnt |
T2815 |
953-955 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T2816 |
956-959 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T2817 |
960-966 |
NN |
denotes |
kidney |
T2818 |
967-968 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T2819 |
968-969 |
CD |
denotes |
2 |
T2820 |
969-970 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T2821 |
970-971 |
. |
denotes |
. |
R398 |
T2638 |
T2639 |
compound |
Wnt,signaling |
R399 |
T2639 |
T2640 |
nsubj |
signaling,is |
R400 |
T2641 |
T2640 |
prep |
of,is |
R401 |
T2642 |
T2643 |
amod |
critical,importance |
R402 |
T2643 |
T2641 |
pobj |
importance,of |
R403 |
T2644 |
T2640 |
prep |
in,is |
R404 |
T2645 |
T2646 |
amod |
several,stages |
R405 |
T2646 |
T2644 |
pobj |
stages,in |
R406 |
T2647 |
T2646 |
prep |
of,stages |
R407 |
T2648 |
T2649 |
compound |
kidney,development |
R408 |
T2649 |
T2647 |
pobj |
development,of |
R409 |
T2650 |
T2640 |
punct |
.,is |
R410 |
T2652 |
T2653 |
amod |
Mutual,interactions |
R411 |
T2653 |
T2655 |
nsubj |
interactions,drive |
R412 |
T2654 |
T2653 |
amod |
inductive,interactions |
R413 |
T2656 |
T2653 |
prep |
between,interactions |
R414 |
T2657 |
T2658 |
det |
the,bud |
R415 |
T2658 |
T2656 |
pobj |
bud,between |
R416 |
T2659 |
T2658 |
amod |
ureteric,bud |
R417 |
T2660 |
T2658 |
cc |
and,bud |
R418 |
T2661 |
T2662 |
amod |
metanephric,mesenchyme |
R419 |
T2662 |
T2658 |
conj |
mesenchyme,bud |
R420 |
T2663 |
T2655 |
dobj |
nephrogenesis,drive |
R421 |
T2664 |
T2665 |
punct |
[,1 |
R422 |
T2665 |
T2655 |
parataxis |
1,drive |
R423 |
T2666 |
T2665 |
punct |
],1 |
R424 |
T2667 |
T2655 |
punct |
.,drive |
R425 |
T2669 |
T2670 |
det |
The,bud |
R426 |
T2670 |
T2672 |
nsubj |
bud,synthesizes |
R427 |
T2671 |
T2670 |
amod |
ureteric,bud |
R428 |
T2673 |
T2672 |
dobj |
Wnt9b,synthesizes |
R429 |
T2674 |
T2673 |
punct |
", ",Wnt9b |
R430 |
T2675 |
T2676 |
dep |
which,is |
R431 |
T2676 |
T2673 |
relcl |
is,Wnt9b |
R432 |
T2677 |
T2676 |
acomp |
essential,is |
R433 |
T2678 |
T2677 |
prep |
for,essential |
R434 |
T2679 |
T2678 |
pobj |
induction,for |
R435 |
T2680 |
T2679 |
prep |
of,induction |
R436 |
T2681 |
T2682 |
det |
the,mesenchyme |
R437 |
T2682 |
T2680 |
pobj |
mesenchyme,of |
R438 |
T2683 |
T2684 |
aux |
to,form |
R439 |
T2684 |
T2679 |
acl |
form,induction |
R440 |
T2685 |
T2684 |
dobj |
nephrons,form |
R441 |
T2686 |
T2687 |
punct |
[,2 |
R442 |
T2687 |
T2672 |
parataxis |
2,synthesizes |
R443 |
T2688 |
T2687 |
punct |
],2 |
R444 |
T2689 |
T2672 |
punct |
.,synthesizes |
R445 |
T2691 |
T2692 |
nsubjpass |
Wnt4,made |
R446 |
T2693 |
T2692 |
auxpass |
is,made |
R447 |
T2694 |
T2692 |
agent |
by,made |
R448 |
T2695 |
T2696 |
det |
the,mesenchyme |
R449 |
T2696 |
T2694 |
pobj |
mesenchyme,by |
R450 |
T2697 |
T2696 |
amod |
induced,mesenchyme |
R451 |
T2698 |
T2696 |
amod |
metanephric,mesenchyme |
R452 |
T2699 |
T2692 |
cc |
and,made |
R453 |
T2700 |
T2701 |
auxpass |
is,required |
R454 |
T2701 |
T2692 |
conj |
required,made |
R455 |
T2702 |
T2701 |
advmod |
also,required |
R456 |
T2703 |
T2701 |
prep |
for,required |
R457 |
T2704 |
T2703 |
pobj |
nephrogenesis,for |
R458 |
T2705 |
T2706 |
punct |
[,3 |
R459 |
T2706 |
T2701 |
parataxis |
3,required |
R460 |
T2707 |
T2706 |
punct |
],3 |
R461 |
T2708 |
T2692 |
punct |
.,made |
R462 |
T2710 |
T2711 |
advmod |
Furthermore,participates |
R463 |
T2712 |
T2711 |
punct |
", ",participates |
R464 |
T2713 |
T2711 |
nsubj |
Wnt11,participates |
R465 |
T2714 |
T2713 |
punct |
", ",Wnt11 |
R466 |
T2715 |
T2713 |
acl |
secreted,Wnt11 |
R467 |
T2716 |
T2715 |
agent |
by,secreted |
R468 |
T2717 |
T2718 |
det |
the,tips |
R469 |
T2718 |
T2716 |
pobj |
tips,by |
R470 |
T2719 |
T2720 |
amod |
ureteric,bud |
R471 |
T2720 |
T2718 |
compound |
bud,tips |
R472 |
T2721 |
T2711 |
punct |
", ",participates |
R473 |
T2722 |
T2711 |
prep |
in,participates |
R474 |
T2723 |
T2724 |
det |
a,loop |
R475 |
T2724 |
T2722 |
pobj |
loop,in |
R476 |
T2725 |
T2724 |
amod |
positive,loop |
R477 |
T2726 |
T2724 |
compound |
feedback,loop |
R478 |
T2727 |
T2724 |
acl |
promoting,loop |
R479 |
T2728 |
T2729 |
amod |
glial,line |
R480 |
T2729 |
T2731 |
npadvmod |
line,derived |
R481 |
T2730 |
T2729 |
compound |
cell,line |
R482 |
T2731 |
T2733 |
amod |
derived,factor |
R483 |
T2732 |
T2731 |
punct |
-,derived |
R484 |
T2733 |
T2735 |
nmod |
factor,expression |
R485 |
T2734 |
T2733 |
amod |
neurotrophic,factor |
R486 |
T2735 |
T2727 |
dobj |
expression,promoting |
R487 |
T2736 |
T2733 |
punct |
(,factor |
R488 |
T2737 |
T2733 |
appos |
GDNF,factor |
R489 |
T2738 |
T2735 |
punct |
),expression |
R490 |
T2739 |
T2735 |
prep |
by,expression |
R491 |
T2740 |
T2741 |
det |
the,mesenchyme |
R492 |
T2741 |
T2739 |
pobj |
mesenchyme,by |
R493 |
T2742 |
T2741 |
amod |
metanephric,mesenchyme |
R494 |
T2743 |
T2744 |
punct |
[,4 |
R495 |
T2744 |
T2711 |
parataxis |
4,participates |
R496 |
T2745 |
T2744 |
punct |
],4 |
R497 |
T2746 |
T2711 |
punct |
.,participates |
R498 |
T2748 |
T2749 |
nsubj |
Mutations,result |
R499 |
T2750 |
T2748 |
prep |
in,Mutations |
R500 |
T2751 |
T2750 |
pobj |
Wnt9b,in |
R501 |
T2752 |
T2751 |
cc |
or,Wnt9b |
R502 |
T2753 |
T2751 |
conj |
Wnt4,Wnt9b |
R503 |
T2754 |
T2749 |
prep |
in,result |
R504 |
T2755 |
T2756 |
det |
a,block |
R505 |
T2756 |
T2754 |
pobj |
block,in |
R506 |
T2757 |
T2756 |
amod |
dramatic,block |
R507 |
T2758 |
T2756 |
prep |
in,block |
R508 |
T2759 |
T2760 |
compound |
nephron,formation |
R509 |
T2760 |
T2758 |
pobj |
formation,in |
R510 |
T2761 |
T2749 |
punct |
", ",result |
R511 |
T2762 |
T2763 |
mark |
while,show |
R512 |
T2763 |
T2749 |
advcl |
show,result |
R513 |
T2764 |
T2765 |
compound |
Wnt11,mutants |
R514 |
T2765 |
T2763 |
nsubj |
mutants,show |
R515 |
T2766 |
T2767 |
det |
a,reduction |
R516 |
T2767 |
T2763 |
dobj |
reduction,show |
R517 |
T2768 |
T2767 |
amod |
significant,reduction |
R518 |
T2769 |
T2767 |
prep |
in,reduction |
R519 |
T2770 |
T2771 |
compound |
nephron,number |
R520 |
T2771 |
T2769 |
pobj |
number,in |
R521 |
T2772 |
T2749 |
punct |
.,result |
R522 |
T2774 |
T2775 |
nsubj |
It,is |
R523 |
T2776 |
T2775 |
acomp |
interesting,is |
R524 |
T2777 |
T2778 |
aux |
to,note |
R525 |
T2778 |
T2775 |
xcomp |
note,is |
R526 |
T2779 |
T2780 |
mark |
that,shown |
R527 |
T2780 |
T2778 |
ccomp |
shown,note |
R528 |
T2781 |
T2780 |
nsubjpass |
Wnt4,shown |
R529 |
T2782 |
T2781 |
cc |
and,Wnt4 |
R530 |
T2783 |
T2781 |
conj |
Wnt11,Wnt4 |
R531 |
T2784 |
T2780 |
aux |
have,shown |
R532 |
T2785 |
T2780 |
auxpass |
been,shown |
R533 |
T2786 |
T2787 |
aux |
to,signal |
R534 |
T2787 |
T2780 |
xcomp |
signal,shown |
R535 |
T2788 |
T2787 |
punct |
", ",signal |
R536 |
T2789 |
T2790 |
advmod |
at,least |
R537 |
T2790 |
T2791 |
advmod |
least,in |
R538 |
T2791 |
T2787 |
prep |
in,signal |
R539 |
T2792 |
T2793 |
det |
some,cases |
R540 |
T2793 |
T2791 |
pobj |
cases,in |
R541 |
T2794 |
T2787 |
punct |
", ",signal |
R542 |
T2795 |
T2787 |
prep |
through,signal |
R543 |
T2796 |
T2797 |
amod |
noncanonical,pathways |
R544 |
T2797 |
T2795 |
pobj |
pathways,through |
R545 |
T2798 |
T2799 |
punct |
[,5 |
R546 |
T2799 |
T2787 |
parataxis |
5,signal |
R547 |
T2800 |
T2801 |
punct |
-,7 |
R548 |
T2801 |
T2799 |
prep |
7,5 |
R549 |
T2802 |
T2799 |
punct |
],5 |
R550 |
T2803 |
T2778 |
punct |
", ",note |
R551 |
T2804 |
T2805 |
mark |
while,is |
R552 |
T2805 |
T2778 |
advcl |
is,note |
R553 |
T2806 |
T2805 |
expl |
there,is |
R554 |
T2807 |
T2805 |
attr |
evidence,is |
R555 |
T2808 |
T2807 |
acl |
indicating,evidence |
R556 |
T2809 |
T2810 |
mark |
that,activates |
R557 |
T2810 |
T2808 |
ccomp |
activates,indicating |
R558 |
T2811 |
T2810 |
nsubj |
Wnt9b,activates |
R559 |
T2812 |
T2813 |
amod |
canonical,signaling |
R560 |
T2813 |
T2810 |
dobj |
signaling,activates |
R561 |
T2814 |
T2813 |
compound |
Wnt,signaling |
R562 |
T2815 |
T2810 |
prep |
in,activates |
R563 |
T2816 |
T2817 |
det |
the,kidney |
R564 |
T2817 |
T2815 |
pobj |
kidney,in |
R565 |
T2818 |
T2819 |
punct |
[,2 |
R566 |
T2819 |
T2810 |
parataxis |
2,activates |
R567 |
T2820 |
T2819 |
punct |
],2 |
R568 |
T2821 |
T2775 |
punct |
.,is |