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further examine possible disturbance of gene expression in the Pygo1/Pygo2 mutant kidneys, we used microarrays to perform a global analysis of gene expression changes. Whereas the BAT-gal transgene reporter monitors the response of one promoter to Wnt signaling, microarrays can be used to follow expression changes of all genes, including all known Wnt targets. E18.5 wild-type and Pygo1-/-/Pygo2-/- kidneys were examined in biological triplicate. In total, 45 genes were identified as significantly changed, using a relatively low stringency screen of the data, with a p-value cutoff of \u003c0.05, and fold change \u003e2 (Table 3). Notably, both Pygo1 and Pygo2 were identified as downregulated (- 5.3-fold and - 3.9-fold, respectively) in the mutant kidneys. Other genes with significant decreases in mutant kidneys included Cxcl13 (- 2.3-fold), Slc5a2 (- 2.8-fold), and Slco1a4 (- 2.1-fold). Slc5a2 is expressed in the proximal tubules of the adult nephron and has been implicated in autosomal recessive renal glucosuria, characterized by loss of glucose uptake by the nephron [23]. The organic anion transporter, Slco1a4, is also strongly expressed in the tubules of the adult kidney [24]. These results suggest that the Pygo1/Pygo2 genes might play a role in nephron maturation and subsequent function."}

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Whereas the BAT-gal transgene reporter monitors the response of one promoter to Wnt signaling, microarrays can be used to follow expression changes of all genes, including all known Wnt targets. E18.5 wild-type and Pygo1-/-/Pygo2-/- kidneys were examined in biological triplicate. In total, 45 genes were identified as significantly changed, using a relatively low stringency screen of the data, with a p-value cutoff of \u003c0.05, and fold change \u003e2 (Table 3). Notably, both Pygo1 and Pygo2 were identified as downregulated (- 5.3-fold and - 3.9-fold, respectively) in the mutant kidneys. Other genes with significant decreases in mutant kidneys included Cxcl13 (- 2.3-fold), Slc5a2 (- 2.8-fold), and Slco1a4 (- 2.1-fold). Slc5a2 is expressed in the proximal tubules of the adult nephron and has been implicated in autosomal recessive renal glucosuria, characterized by loss of glucose uptake by the nephron [23]. The organic anion transporter, Slco1a4, is also strongly expressed in the tubules of the adult kidney [24]. These results suggest that the Pygo1/Pygo2 genes might play a role in nephron maturation and subsequent function."}

{"project":"craft-ca-core-dev","denotations":[{"id":"T11843","span":{"begin":1260,"end":1267},"obj":"UBERON:0001285"},{"id":"T11842","span":{"begin":1233,"end":1238},"obj":"SO:0000704"},{"id":"T11841","span":{"begin":1227,"end":1232},"obj":"PR:000013524"},{"id":"T11840","span":{"begin":1221,"end":1226},"obj":"PR:000013523"},{"id":"T11839","span":{"begin":1171,"end":1176},"obj":"UBERON:0007023"},{"id":"T11838","span":{"begin":1177,"end":1183},"obj":"UBERON:0009773"},{"id":"T11837","span":{"begin":1156,"end":1166},"obj":"_FRAGMENT"},{"id":"T11836","span":{"begin":1139,"end":1148},"obj":"GO:0010467"},{"id":"T11835","span":{"begin":1113,"end":1120},"obj":"PR:000015966"},{"id":"T11834","span":{"begin":1086,"end":1099},"obj":"CHEBI:25696"},{"id":"T11833","span":{"begin":1068,"end":1075},"obj":"UBERON:0001285"},{"id":"T11832","span":{"begin":1046,"end":1060},"obj":"GO:0046323"},{"id":"T11831","span":{"begin":1046,"end":1053},"obj":"CHEBI:17234"},{"id":"T11830","span":{"begin":1003,"end":1008},"obj":"UBERON:0002113"},{"id":"T11829","span":{"begin":983,"end":992},"obj":"GO:0030849"},{"id":"T11817","span":{"begin":653,"end":658},"obj":"PR:000013524"},{"id":"T11816","span":{"begin":643,"end":648},"obj":"PR:000013523"},{"id":"T11815","span":{"begin":465,"end":470},"obj":"SO:0000704"},{"id":"T11814","span":{"begin":404,"end":411},"obj":"UBERON:0002113"},{"id":"T11813","span":{"begin":395,"end":400},"obj":"PR:000013524"},{"id":"T11812","span":{"begin":386,"end":391},"obj":"PR:000013523"},{"id":"T11811","span":{"begin":326,"end":331},"obj":"SO:0000704"},{"id":"T11810","span":{"begin":300,"end":310},"obj":"GO:0010467"},{"id":"T11809","span":{"begin":251,"end":264},"obj":"GO:0016055"},{"id":"T11808","span":{"begin":239,"end":247},"obj":"SO:0000167"},{"id":"T11807","span":{"begin":210,"end":218},"obj":"GO:0065007"},{"id":"T11806","span":{"begin":191,"end":200},"obj":"SO:0000902"},{"id":"T11805","span":{"begin":146,"end":161},"obj":"GO:0010467"},{"id":"T11804","span":{"begin":146,"end":150},"obj":"SO:0000704"},{"id":"T11803","span":{"begin":85,"end":92},"obj":"UBERON:0002113"},{"id":"T11802","span":{"begin":72,"end":77},"obj":"PR:000013524"},{"id":"T11801","span":{"begin":66,"end":71},"obj":"PR:000013523"},{"id":"T11800","span":{"begin":43,"end":58},"obj":"GO:0010467"},{"id":"T11799","span":{"begin":43,"end":47},"obj":"SO:0000704"},{"id":"T11828","span":{"begin":948,"end":955},"obj":"UBERON:0001285"},{"id":"T11827","span":{"begin":942,"end":947},"obj":"UBERON:0007023"},{"id":"T11826","span":{"begin":918,"end":934},"obj":"UBERON:0004134"},{"id":"T11825","span":{"begin":901,"end":910},"obj":"GO:0010467"},{"id":"T11824","span":{"begin":891,"end":897},"obj":"PR:000015169"},{"id":"T11823","span":{"begin":869,"end":876},"obj":"PR:000015966"},{"id":"T11822","span":{"begin":844,"end":850},"obj":"PR:000015169"},{"id":"T11821","span":{"begin":823,"end":829},"obj":"PR:000006067"},{"id":"T11820","span":{"begin":806,"end":813},"obj":"UBERON:0002113"},{"id":"T11819","span":{"begin":763,"end":768},"obj":"SO:0000704"},{"id":"T11818","span":{"begin":748,"end":755},"obj":"UBERON:0002113"}],"relations":[{"id":"R3015","pred":"_lexicallyChainedTo","subj":"T11838","obj":"T11837"}],"text":"To further examine possible disturbance of gene expression in the Pygo1/Pygo2 mutant kidneys, we used microarrays to perform a global analysis of gene expression changes. Whereas the BAT-gal transgene reporter monitors the response of one promoter to Wnt signaling, microarrays can be used to follow expression changes of all genes, including all known Wnt targets. E18.5 wild-type and Pygo1-/-/Pygo2-/- kidneys were examined in biological triplicate. In total, 45 genes were identified as significantly changed, using a relatively low stringency screen of the data, with a p-value cutoff of \u003c0.05, and fold change \u003e2 (Table 3). Notably, both Pygo1 and Pygo2 were identified as downregulated (- 5.3-fold and - 3.9-fold, respectively) in the mutant kidneys. Other genes with significant decreases in mutant kidneys included Cxcl13 (- 2.3-fold), Slc5a2 (- 2.8-fold), and Slco1a4 (- 2.1-fold). Slc5a2 is expressed in the proximal tubules of the adult nephron and has been implicated in autosomal recessive renal glucosuria, characterized by loss of glucose uptake by the nephron [23]. The organic anion transporter, Slco1a4, is also strongly expressed in the tubules of the adult kidney [24]. These results suggest that the Pygo1/Pygo2 genes might play a role in nephron maturation and subsequent function."}

{"project":"2_test","denotations":[{"id":"17425782-12436245-8469464","span":{"begin":1077,"end":1079},"obj":"12436245"},{"id":"17425782-12101011-8469465","span":{"begin":1185,"end":1187},"obj":"12101011"}],"text":"To further examine possible disturbance of gene expression in the Pygo1/Pygo2 mutant kidneys, we used microarrays to perform a global analysis of gene expression changes. Whereas the BAT-gal transgene reporter monitors the response of one promoter to Wnt signaling, microarrays can be used to follow expression changes of all genes, including all known Wnt targets. E18.5 wild-type and Pygo1-/-/Pygo2-/- kidneys were examined in biological triplicate. In total, 45 genes were identified as significantly changed, using a relatively low stringency screen of the data, with a p-value cutoff of \u003c0.05, and fold change \u003e2 (Table 3). Notably, both Pygo1 and Pygo2 were identified as downregulated (- 5.3-fold and - 3.9-fold, respectively) in the mutant kidneys. Other genes with significant decreases in mutant kidneys included Cxcl13 (- 2.3-fold), Slc5a2 (- 2.8-fold), and Slco1a4 (- 2.1-fold). Slc5a2 is expressed in the proximal tubules of the adult nephron and has been implicated in autosomal recessive renal glucosuria, characterized by loss of glucose uptake by the nephron [23]. The organic anion transporter, Slco1a4, is also strongly expressed in the tubules of the adult kidney [24]. These results suggest that the Pygo1/Pygo2 genes might play a role in nephron maturation and subsequent function."}