> top > docs > PMC:149366 > spans > 11-5578 > annotations

PMC:149366 / 11-5578 JSONTXT

Annnotations TAB JSON ListView MergeView

craft-ca-core-dev

Below, discontinuous spans are shown in the chain model. You can change it to the bag model.

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T50 7-11 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T51 66-75 UBERON:0001846 denotes inner ear
T52 109-113 UBERON:0001690 denotes Ears
T53 117-122 PR:000013043 denotes Brn3c
T54 153-163 CL:0000855 denotes hair cells
T55 225-234 GO:0006915 denotes apoptosis
T56 261-275 _FRAGMENT denotes development of
T57 281-286 GO:0048468 denotes cells
T58 276-286 CL:0000855 denotes hair cells
T59 308-320 PR:000021998 denotes neurotrophin
T60 321-331 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T61 343-358 CL:0000101 denotes sensory neurons
T62 367-376 UBERON:0000922 denotes embryonic
T63 367-388 GO:0009790 denotes embryonic development
T64 473-483 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T65 493-506 PR:000021998 denotes neurotrophins
T66 520-525 GO:0007567 denotes birth
T67 545-555 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T68 559-563 PR:000004716 denotes BDNF
T69 568-572 PR:000011459 denotes NT-3
T70 587-604 UBERON:0006934 denotes sensory epithelia
T71 609-612 CHEBI:52029 denotes DiI
T72 665-674 UBERON:0006798 denotes efferents
T73 690-702 PR:000021998 denotes neurotrophin
T74 726-731 GO:0007567 denotes natal
T75 825-836 PR:000010869 denotes myosin VIIa
T76 855-865 CL:0000855 denotes hair cells
T77 892-899 UBERON:0001844 denotes cochlea
T78 950-960 CL:0000855 denotes hair cells
T79 981-1009 UBERON:0006932 denotes vestibular sensory epithelia
T80 1039-1049 CL:0000855 denotes hair cells
T81 1076-1083 UBERON:0001844 denotes cochlea
T82 1102-1117 CL:0000101 denotes sensory neurons
T83 1145-1165 UBERON:0006932 denotes vestibular epithelia
T84 1192-1196 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T85 1221-1249 UBERON:0006932 denotes vestibular sensory epithelia
T86 1271-1284 UBERON:0002819 denotes cochlear apex
T87 1297-1304 PR:000010869 denotes MyoVIIa
T88 1314-1324 CL:0000855 denotes hair cells
T89 1358-1365 UBERON:0001844 denotes cochlea
T90 1366-1377 GO:0042995 denotes projections
T91 1430-1440 CL:0000855 denotes hair cells
T92 1476-1487 GO:0042995 denotes projections
T93 1513-1523 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T94 1527-1540 PR:000021998 denotes neurotrophins
T95 1548-1555 UBERON:0001844 denotes cochlea
T96 1559-1564 PR:000013043 denotes Brn3c
T97 1570-1574 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T98 1600-1615 CL:0000101 denotes sensory neurons
T99 1637-1644 UBERON:0001844 denotes cochlea
T100 1652-1657 GO:0007567 denotes birth
T101 1716-1730 CL:0011113 denotes spiral neurons
T584 1760-1765 PR:000013043 denotes Brn3c
T585 1775-1781 SO:0000417 denotes domain
T586 1809-1818 UBERON:0001846 denotes inner ear
T587 1809-1828 CL:0000202 denotes inner ear hair cell
T588 1809-1840 GO:0060119 denotes inner ear hair cell development
T589 1856-1861 PR:000013043 denotes Brn3c
T590 1885-1895 CL:0000855 denotes hair cells
T591 1955-1965 CL:0000855 denotes hair cells
T592 1974-1979 PR:000013043 denotes Brn3c
T593 1997-2004 GO:0010467 denotes express
T594 2030-2039 PR:000010868 denotes Myosin VI
T595 2030-2036 _FRAGMENT denotes Myosin
T596 2044-2048 PR:000010869 denotes VIIa
T597 2050-2060 PR:000004968 denotes calretinin
T598 2110-2120 CL:0000855 denotes hair cells
T599 2124-2129 PR:000013043 denotes Brn3c
T600 2151-2160 GO:0006915 denotes apoptosis
T601 2224-2234 CL:0000855 denotes hair cells
T602 2288-2303 UBERON:0000395 denotes spiral ganglion
T603 2288-2309 CL:0011113 denotes spiral ganglion cells
T604 2326-2331 GO:0007567 denotes natal
T605 2447-2454 CL:0000540 denotes neurons
T606 2471-2485 CL:0011113 denotes spiral neurons
T607 2555-2561 UBERON:0007023 denotes adults
T608 2681-2686 PR:000013043 denotes Brn3c
T609 2713-2724 _FRAGMENT denotes development
T610 2753-2755 _FRAGMENT denotes of
T611 2761-2766 GO:0048468 denotes cells
T612 2737-2755 _FRAGMENT denotes differentiation of
T613 2761-2766 GO:0030154 denotes cells
T614 2756-2766 CL:0000855 denotes hair cells
T615 2770-2775 PR:000013043 denotes Brn3c
T616 2812-2824 PR:000021998 denotes neurotrophin
T617 2825-2835 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T618 2862-2877 CL:0000101 denotes sensory neurons
T619 2886-2895 UBERON:0000922 denotes embryonic
T620 2886-2907 GO:0009790 denotes embryonic development
T621 2956-2968 PR:000021998 denotes neurotrophin
T622 3021-3033 PR:000021998 denotes neurotrophin
T623 3076-3091 CL:0000101 denotes sensory neurons
T624 3099-3108 UBERON:0000922 denotes embryonic
T625 3109-3112 UBERON:0001690 denotes ear
T626 3143-3148 PR:000013043 denotes Brn3c
T627 3211-3223 PR:000021998 denotes neurotrophin
T628 3236-3246 CL:0000855 denotes hair cells
T629 3284-3291 UBERON:0000922 denotes embryos
T630 3292-3296 PR:000011459 denotes NT-3
T631 3310-3319 GO:0010467 denotes expressed
T632 3323-3339 CL:0000630 denotes supporting cells
T633 3360-3365 GO:0007567 denotes birth
T634 3371-3381 CL:0000855 denotes hair cells
T635 3446-3454 UBERON:0001844 denotes cochlear
T636 3455-3470 CL:0000101 denotes sensory neurons
T637 3507-3511 PR:000011459 denotes NT-3
T638 3512-3522 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T639 3552-3557 PR:000013043 denotes Brn3c
T640 3576-3580 PR:000004716 denotes BDNF
T641 3618-3636 _FRAGMENT denotes differentiation of
T642 3648-3653 GO:0030154 denotes cells
T643 3637-3653 CL:0000630 denotes supporting cells
T644 3674-3677 UBERON:0001690 denotes ear
T645 3708-3721 PR:000021998 denotes neurotrophins
T646 3761-3766 GO:0007567 denotes natal
T647 3767-3774 NCBITaxon:40674 denotes mammals
T648 3885-3890 PR:000013043 denotes Brn3c
T649 3915-3925 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T650 3929-3933 PR:000011459 denotes NT-3
T651 3938-3942 PR:000004716 denotes BDNF
T652 4011-4025 CL:0000101 denotes sensory neuron
T653 4057-4069 PR:000021998 denotes neurotrophin
T654 4093-4103 CL:0000855 denotes hair cells
T655 4107-4112 GO:0007567 denotes birth
T656 4126-4133 NCBITaxon:33208 denotes animals
T657 4205-4210 NCBITaxon:9606 denotes human
T658 4235-4241 PR:000013043 denotes Pou4f3
T659 4242-4246 SO:0000704 denotes gene
T660 4248-4254 PR:000013043 denotes DFNA15
T661 4299-4307 UBERON:0001844 denotes cochlear
T662 4308-4323 CL:0000101 denotes sensory neurons
T663 4368-4381 UBERON:0002819 denotes cochlear apex
T664 4386-4391 PR:000013043 denotes Brn3c
T665 4404-4408 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T666 4442-4451 UBERON:0006798 denotes efferents
T667 4468-4477 CL:0000855 denotes hair cell
T668 4473-4493 GO:0030154 denotes cell differentiation
T669 4515-4525 CL:0000855 denotes hair cells
T670 4555-4560 GO:0007567 denotes natal
T671 4620-4627 UBERON:0001844 denotes cochlea
T672 4654-4668 CL:0011113 denotes spiral neurons
T673 4698-4711 PR:000021998 denotes neurotrophins
T674 4751-4761 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T675 4774-4781 NCBITaxon:9989 denotes rodents
T1424 4829-4834 PR:000013043 denotes Brn3c
T1425 4871-4880 UBERON:0001846 denotes inner ear
T1426 4934-4938 PR:000004716 denotes BDNF
T1427 4943-4947 PR:000011459 denotes NT-3
T1428 4966-4971 GO:0007567 denotes birth
T1429 4999-5003 PR:000004716 denotes BDNF
T1430 5020-5024 PR:000011470 denotes trkB
T1431 5053-5072 UBERON:0001840 denotes semicircular canals
T1432 5111-5118 UBERON:0001853 denotes utricle
T1433 5120-5127 UBERON:0001854 denotes saccule
T1434 5151-5158 UBERON:0001844 denotes cochlea
T1435 5198-5202 PR:000011459 denotes NT-3
T1436 5219-5223 PR:000011471 denotes trkC
T1437 5242-5256 CL:0011113 denotes spiral neurons
T1438 5406-5411 PR:000013043 denotes Brn3c
T1439 5417-5421 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T1440 5466-5479 PR:000021998 denotes neurotrophins
T1441 5530-5541 UBERON:0006134 denotes nerve fiber
R1 T57 T56 _lexicallyChainedTo cells,development of
R290 T596 T595 _lexicallyChainedTo VIIa,Myosin
R291 T610 T609 _lexicallyChainedTo of,development
R292 T611 T610 _lexicallyChainedTo cells,of
R293 T613 T612 _lexicallyChainedTo cells,differentiation of
R294 T642 T641 _lexicallyChainedTo cells,differentiation of

craft-ca-core-ex-dev

Below, discontinuous spans are shown in the chain model. You can change it to the bag model.

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T104 0-6 SO_EXT:sequence_altered_entity_or_alteration_process denotes mutant
T105 7-11 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T106 66-75 UBERON:0001846 denotes inner ear
T107 76-87 GO_UBERON_EXT:innervation_entity_or_process denotes innervation
T108 109-113 UBERON:0001690 denotes Ears
T109 117-122 PR_EXT:000013043 denotes Brn3c
T110 123-127 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness denotes null
T111 128-135 SO_EXT:sequence_altered_entity denotes mutants
T112 153-163 CL:0000855 denotes hair cells
T113 158-163 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T114 194-203 CHEBI_EXT:polyatomic_entity_or_group denotes molecular
T115 204-211 CHEBI_SO_EXT:molecular_indicator_or_label_or_marker_or_tag denotes markers
T116 225-234 GO:0006915 denotes apoptosis
T117 238-246 PATO_UBERON_EXT:neonate_or_newborn denotes neonates
T118 261-275 _FRAGMENT denotes development of
T119 281-286 GO:0048468 denotes cells
T120 276-286 CL:0000855 denotes hair cells
T121 281-286 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T122 308-320 PR_EXT:000021998 denotes neurotrophin
T123 321-331 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T124 343-350 GO_EXT:detection_or_sensing_of_stimulus denotes sensory
T125 343-358 CL:0000101 denotes sensory neurons
T126 367-376 UBERON:0000922 denotes embryonic
T127 367-388 GO:0009790 denotes embryonic development
T128 430-437 SO_EXT:sequence_altered_entity denotes mutants
T129 454-465 GO_UBERON_EXT:innervation_entity_or_process denotes innervation
T130 473-483 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T131 493-506 PR_EXT:000021998 denotes neurotrophins
T132 520-525 GO:0007567 denotes birth
T133 545-555 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T134 559-563 PR_EXT:000004716 denotes BDNF
T135 568-572 PR_EXT:000011459 denotes NT-3
T136 580-586 SO_EXT:sequence_altered_entity_or_alteration_process denotes mutant
T137 587-594 GO_EXT:detection_or_sensing_of_stimulus denotes sensory
T138 587-604 UBERON:0006934 denotes sensory epithelia
T139 609-612 CHEBI:52029 denotes DiI
T140 665-674 UBERON:0006798 denotes efferents
T141 690-702 PR_EXT:000021998 denotes neurotrophin
T142 703-707 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness denotes null
T143 708-717 SO_EXT:sequence_alteration_entity_or_process denotes mutations
T144 726-731 GO:0007567 denotes natal
T145 748-759 GO_UBERON_EXT:innervation_entity_or_process denotes innervation
T146 825-836 PR_EXT:000010869 denotes myosin VIIa
T148 860-865 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T149 885-891 SO_EXT:sequence_altered_entity_or_alteration_process denotes mutant
T150 892-899 UBERON:0001844 denotes cochlea
T151 950-960 CL:0000855 denotes hair cells
T152 955-960 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T153 974-980 SO_EXT:sequence_altered_entity_or_alteration_process denotes mutant
T154 981-1009 UBERON:0006932 denotes vestibular sensory epithelia
T155 992-999 GO_EXT:detection_or_sensing_of_stimulus denotes sensory
T156 1039-1049 CL:0000855 denotes hair cells
T157 1044-1049 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T158 1076-1083 UBERON:0001844 denotes cochlea
T159 1102-1109 GO_EXT:detection_or_sensing_of_stimulus denotes sensory
T160 1102-1117 CL:0000101 denotes sensory neurons
T161 1145-1165 UBERON:0006932 denotes vestibular epithelia
T162 1185-1191 SO_EXT:sequence_altered_entity_or_alteration_process denotes mutant
T163 1192-1196 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T164 1221-1249 UBERON:0006932 denotes vestibular sensory epithelia
T165 1232-1239 GO_EXT:detection_or_sensing_of_stimulus denotes sensory
T166 1271-1284 UBERON:0002819 denotes cochlear apex
T167 1297-1304 PR_EXT:000010869 denotes MyoVIIa
T168 1314-1324 CL:0000855 denotes hair cells
T169 1319-1324 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T170 1358-1365 UBERON:0001844 denotes cochlea
T171 1366-1377 GO:0042995 denotes projections
T172 1430-1440 CL:0000855 denotes hair cells
T173 1435-1440 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T174 1476-1487 GO:0042995 denotes projections
T175 1513-1523 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T176 1527-1540 PR_EXT:000021998 denotes neurotrophins
T177 1548-1555 UBERON:0001844 denotes cochlea
T178 1559-1564 PR_EXT:000013043 denotes Brn3c
T179 1565-1569 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness denotes null
T180 1570-1574 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T181 1600-1607 GO_EXT:detection_or_sensing_of_stimulus denotes sensory
T182 1600-1615 CL:0000101 denotes sensory neurons
T183 1637-1644 UBERON:0001844 denotes cochlea
T184 1652-1657 GO:0007567 denotes birth
T185 1663-1672 CHEBI_EXT:polyatomic_entity_or_group denotes molecular
T186 1716-1730 CL:0011113 denotes spiral neurons
T676 1760-1765 PR_EXT:000013043 denotes Brn3c
T677 1775-1781 SO_EXT:0000417 denotes domain
T678 1809-1818 UBERON:0001846 denotes inner ear
T679 1809-1828 CL:0000202 denotes inner ear hair cell
T680 1809-1840 GO:0060119 denotes inner ear hair cell development
T681 1824-1828 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cell
T682 1851-1855 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness denotes null
T683 1856-1861 PR_EXT:000013043 denotes Brn3c
T684 1862-1869 SO_EXT:sequence_altered_entity denotes mutants
T685 1885-1895 CL:0000855 denotes hair cells
T686 1890-1895 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T687 1955-1965 CL:0000855 denotes hair cells
T688 1960-1965 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T689 1974-1979 PR_EXT:000013043 denotes Brn3c
T690 1980-1984 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness denotes null
T691 1985-1992 SO_EXT:sequence_altered_entity denotes mutants
T692 1997-2004 GO:0010467 denotes express
T693 2005-2013 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cellular
T694 2014-2021 CHEBI_SO_EXT:molecular_indicator_or_label_or_marker_or_tag denotes markers
T695 2030-2039 PR_EXT:000010868 denotes Myosin VI
T696 2030-2036 _FRAGMENT denotes Myosin
T697 2044-2048 PR_EXT:000010869 denotes VIIa
T698 2050-2060 PR_EXT:000004968 denotes calretinin
T699 2065-2076 PR_EXT:parvalbumin denotes parvalbumin
T700 2110-2120 CL:0000855 denotes hair cells
T701 2115-2120 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T702 2124-2129 PR_EXT:000013043 denotes Brn3c
T703 2130-2134 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness denotes null
T704 2135-2142 SO_EXT:sequence_altered_entity denotes mutants
T705 2151-2160 GO:0006915 denotes apoptosis
T706 2164-2172 PATO_UBERON_EXT:neonate_or_newborn denotes neonates
T707 2224-2234 CL:0000855 denotes hair cells
T708 2229-2234 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T709 2268-2278 UBERON_EXT:vestibule_or_vestibular_system denotes vestibular
T710 2288-2303 UBERON:0000395 denotes spiral ganglion
T711 2288-2309 CL:0011113 denotes spiral ganglion cells
T712 2304-2309 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T713 2326-2331 GO:0007567 denotes natal
T714 2436-2446 UBERON_EXT:vestibule_or_vestibular_system denotes vestibular
T715 2447-2454 CL:0000540 denotes neurons
T716 2471-2485 CL:0011113 denotes spiral neurons
T717 2555-2561 UBERON:0007023 denotes adults
T718 2666-2677 GO_UBERON_EXT:innervation_entity_or_process denotes innervation
T719 2681-2686 PR_EXT:000013043 denotes Brn3c
T720 2687-2691 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness denotes null
T721 2692-2699 SO_EXT:sequence_altered_entity denotes mutants
T722 2713-2724 _FRAGMENT denotes development
T723 2753-2755 _FRAGMENT denotes of
T724 2761-2766 GO:0048468 denotes cells
T725 2737-2755 _FRAGMENT denotes differentiation of
T726 2761-2766 GO:0030154 denotes cells
T727 2756-2766 CL:0000855 denotes hair cells
T728 2761-2766 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T729 2770-2775 PR_EXT:000013043 denotes Brn3c
T730 2776-2783 SO_EXT:sequence_altered_entity denotes mutants
T731 2812-2824 PR_EXT:000021998 denotes neurotrophin
T732 2825-2835 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T733 2845-2850 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T734 2862-2869 GO_EXT:detection_or_sensing_of_stimulus denotes sensory
T735 2862-2877 CL:0000101 denotes sensory neurons
T736 2886-2895 UBERON:0000922 denotes embryonic
T737 2886-2907 GO:0009790 denotes embryonic development
T738 2956-2968 PR_EXT:000021998 denotes neurotrophin
T739 2969-2973 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness denotes null
T740 2974-2981 SO_EXT:sequence_altered_entity denotes mutants
T741 3021-3033 PR_EXT:000021998 denotes neurotrophin
T742 3076-3083 GO_EXT:detection_or_sensing_of_stimulus denotes sensory
T743 3076-3091 CL:0000101 denotes sensory neurons
T744 3099-3108 UBERON:0000922 denotes embryonic
T745 3109-3112 UBERON:0001690 denotes ear
T746 3143-3148 PR_EXT:000013043 denotes Brn3c
T747 3149-3153 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness denotes null
T748 3154-3161 SO_EXT:sequence_altered_entity denotes mutants
T749 3211-3223 PR_EXT:000021998 denotes neurotrophin
T750 3236-3246 CL:0000855 denotes hair cells
T751 3241-3246 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T752 3284-3291 UBERON:0000922 denotes embryos
T753 3292-3296 PR_EXT:000011459 denotes NT-3
T754 3310-3319 GO:0010467 denotes expressed
T755 3323-3339 CL:0000630 denotes supporting cells
T756 3334-3339 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T757 3341-3347 GO_EXT:biological_movement_or_translocation_process denotes moving
T758 3360-3365 GO:0007567 denotes birth
T759 3371-3381 CL:0000855 denotes hair cells
T760 3376-3381 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T761 3420-3430 UBERON_EXT:vestibule_or_vestibular_system denotes vestibular
T762 3446-3454 UBERON:0001844 denotes cochlear
T763 3455-3462 GO_EXT:detection_or_sensing_of_stimulus denotes sensory
T764 3455-3470 CL:0000101 denotes sensory neurons
T765 3507-3511 PR_EXT:000011459 denotes NT-3
T766 3512-3522 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T767 3535-3548 GO_EXT:negative_regulation denotes downregulated
T768 3552-3557 PR_EXT:000013043 denotes Brn3c
T769 3558-3562 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness denotes null
T770 3563-3570 SO_EXT:sequence_altered_entity denotes mutants
T771 3576-3580 PR_EXT:000004716 denotes BDNF
T772 3618-3636 _FRAGMENT denotes differentiation of
T773 3648-3653 GO:0030154 denotes cells
T774 3637-3653 CL:0000630 denotes supporting cells
T775 3648-3653 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T776 3674-3677 UBERON:0001690 denotes ear
T777 3708-3721 PR_EXT:000021998 denotes neurotrophins
T778 3740-3753 GO_EXT:negative_regulation denotes downregulated
T779 3761-3766 GO:0007567 denotes natal
T780 3767-3774 NCBITaxon:40674 denotes mammals
T781 3866-3877 GO_UBERON_EXT:innervation_entity_or_process denotes innervation
T782 3885-3890 PR_EXT:000013043 denotes Brn3c
T783 3891-3898 SO_EXT:sequence_altered_entity denotes mutants
T784 3915-3925 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T785 3929-3933 PR_EXT:000011459 denotes NT-3
T786 3938-3942 PR_EXT:000004716 denotes BDNF
T787 4011-4018 GO_EXT:detection_or_sensing_of_stimulus denotes sensory
T788 4011-4025 CL:0000101 denotes sensory neuron
T789 4057-4069 PR_EXT:000021998 denotes neurotrophin
T790 4093-4103 CL:0000855 denotes hair cells
T791 4098-4103 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T792 4107-4112 GO:0007567 denotes birth
T793 4126-4133 NCBITaxon:33208 denotes animals
T794 4205-4210 NCBITaxon:9606 denotes human
T795 4235-4241 PR_EXT:000013043 denotes Pou4f3
T796 4242-4246 SO_EXT:0000704 denotes gene
T797 4248-4254 PR_EXT:000013043 denotes DFNA15
T798 4299-4307 UBERON:0001844 denotes cochlear
T799 4308-4315 GO_EXT:detection_or_sensing_of_stimulus denotes sensory
T800 4308-4323 CL:0000101 denotes sensory neurons
T801 4368-4381 UBERON:0002819 denotes cochlear apex
T802 4386-4391 PR_EXT:000013043 denotes Brn3c
T803 4392-4396 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness denotes null
T804 4397-4403 SO_EXT:sequence_altered_entity_or_alteration_process denotes mutant
T805 4404-4408 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T807 4468-4477 CL:0000855 denotes hair cell
T808 4473-4477 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cell
T809 4473-4493 GO:0030154 denotes cell differentiation
T810 4515-4525 CL:0000855 denotes hair cells
T811 4520-4525 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T812 4555-4560 GO:0007567 denotes natal
T813 4573-4579 PR_EXT:myosin_VII denotes MyoVII
T814 4620-4627 UBERON:0001844 denotes cochlea
T815 4654-4668 CL:0011113 denotes spiral neurons
T816 4698-4711 PR_EXT:000021998 denotes neurotrophins
T817 4751-4761 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T818 4765-4773 PATO_UBERON_EXT:neonate_or_newborn denotes neonatal
T819 4774-4781 NCBITaxon:9989 denotes rodents
T1442 4829-4834 PR_EXT:000013043 denotes Brn3c
T1443 4835-4839 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness denotes null
T1444 4840-4848 SO_EXT:sequence_alteration_entity_or_process denotes mutation
T1445 4871-4880 UBERON:0001846 denotes inner ear
T1446 4881-4892 GO_UBERON_EXT:innervation_entity_or_process denotes innervation
T1447 4934-4938 PR_EXT:000004716 denotes BDNF
T1448 4943-4947 PR_EXT:000011459 denotes NT-3
T1449 4948-4952 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness denotes null
T1450 4953-4962 SO_EXT:sequence_alteration_entity_or_process denotes mutations
T1451 4966-4971 GO:0007567 denotes birth
T1452 4983-4987 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness denotes Null
T1453 4988-4995 SO_EXT:sequence_altered_entity denotes mutants
T1454 4999-5003 PR_EXT:000004716 denotes BDNF
T1455 5011-5019 GO_EXT:0004872 denotes receptor
T1456 5020-5024 PR_EXT:000011470 denotes trkB
T1457 5034-5045 GO_UBERON_EXT:innervation_entity_or_process denotes innervation
T1458 5053-5072 UBERON:0001840 denotes semicircular canals
T1459 5092-5103 GO_UBERON_EXT:innervation_entity_or_process denotes innervation
T1460 5111-5118 UBERON:0001853 denotes utricle
T1461 5120-5127 UBERON:0001854 denotes saccule
T1462 5151-5158 UBERON:0001844 denotes cochlea
T1463 5173-5177 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness denotes null
T1464 5178-5187 SO_EXT:sequence_alteration_entity_or_process denotes mutations
T1465 5198-5202 PR_EXT:000011459 denotes NT-3
T1466 5210-5218 GO_EXT:0004872 denotes receptor
T1467 5219-5223 PR_EXT:000011471 denotes trkC
T1468 5242-5256 CL:0011113 denotes spiral neurons
T1469 5406-5411 PR_EXT:000013043 denotes Brn3c
T1470 5412-5416 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness denotes null
T1471 5417-5421 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T1472 5446-5459 _FRAGMENT denotes production of
T1473 5466-5479 GO_EXT:neurotrophin_biosynthesis_or_production denotes neurotrophins
T1474 5466-5479 PR_EXT:000021998 denotes neurotrophins
T1475 5530-5541 UBERON:0006134 denotes nerve fiber
T147 855-865 CL:0000855 denotes hair cells
T1732 0-5567 SO_EXT:sequence_altered_entity denotes mutant mice show long-term, incomplete retention of some afferent inner ear innervation Abstract Background Ears of Brn3c null mutants develop immature hair cells, identifiable only by certain molecular markers, and undergo apoptosis in neonates. This partial development of hair cells could lead to enough neurotrophin expression to sustain sensory neurons through embryonic development. We have therefore investigated in these mutants the patterns of innervation and of expression of known neurotrophins. Results At birth there is a limited expression of BDNF and NT-3 in the mutant sensory epithelia and DiI tracing shows no specific reduction of afferents or efferents that resembles neurotrophin null mutations. At postnatal day 7/8 (P7/8), innervation is severely reduced both qualitatively and quantitatively. 1% of myosin VIIa-positive immature hair cells are present in the mutant cochlea, concentrated in the base. Around 20% of immature hair cells exist in the mutant vestibular sensory epithelia. Despite more severe loss of hair cells (1% compared to 20%), the cochlea retains many more sensory neurons (46% compared to 15%) than vestibular epithelia. Even 6 months old mutant mice have some fibers to all vestibular sensory epithelia and many more to the cochlear apex which lacks MyoVIIa positive hair cells. Topologically organized central cochlea projections exist at least until P8, suggesting that functional hair cells are not required to establish such projections. Conclusion The limited expression of neurotrophins in the cochlea of Brn3c null mice suffices to support many sensory neurons, particularly in the cochlea, until birth. The molecular nature of the long term survival of apical spiral neurons remains unclear. Background Brn3c is a POU domain factor that is crucial for inner ear hair cell development. Targeted null Brn3c mutants have no mature hair cells [1,2]. Close examination has revealed that some 'immature' hair cells form in Brn3c null mutants and express cellular markers such as Myosin VI and VIIa, calretinin and parvalbumin [3]. Furthermore, these immature hair cells of Brn3c null mutants undergo apoptosis in neonates [3]. Consistent with an apparent absence of mature hair cells, initial work suggested that all vestibular and most spiral ganglion cells are lost by postnatal day 14 (P14; [1]). However, more detailed quantification by others [3] reported that at P4 about 77% of vestibular neurons and only 29% of spiral neurons are lost. It was suggested that there is possibly a complete loss in adults [3]. Other than these preliminary statements, no data exists concerning the detailed pattern of loss of innervation in Brn3c null mutants. The initial development and partial differentiation of hair cells in Brn3c mutants could possibly lead to some neurotrophin expression in these cells to sustain sensory neurons through embryonic development and beyond. Data on various single and compound neurotrophin null mutants have shown that the loss of a specific neurotrophin leads to topologically restricted loss of sensory neurons in the embryonic ear [4,5]. Such selective loss in Brn3c null mutants would therefore indicate reduction of a specific neurotrophin in immature hair cells. Moreover, recent work shows that in embryos NT-3 is primarily expressed in supporting cells, moving only around birth into hair cells [6,7]. In fact, the selective loss of vestibular as compared to cochlear sensory neurons (77% versus 29%; [3]) suggests that NT-3 expression may be less downregulated in Brn3c null mutants than BDNF [6,8,9], provided that at least some differentiation of supporting cells takes place. In the ear [4] as well as elsewhere [10] neurotrophins are progressively downregulated in postnatal mammals and possibly replaced by other factors [11]. We have investigated in detail the pattern of innervation in the Brn3c mutants, as well as the expression of NT-3 and BDNF. We want to evaluate a possible correlation between the topology of sensory neuron loss and absence of a specific neurotrophin or topological loss of hair cells at birth and in older animals. This information could be important for an in-depth evaluation of the human deafness related to the Pou4f3 gene, DFNA15 [12]. We report here long term retention of cochlear sensory neurons for at least 6 months, in particular in the cochlear apex, in Brn3c null mutant mice. This retention of afferents and efferents is unrelated to hair cell differentiation as not even immature hair cells can be detected at early postnatal stages with MyoVII immunocytochemistry in this part of the cochlea. This retention of apical spiral neurons is also largely unrelated to neurotrophins which are known to be reduced in their expression in neonatal rodents [4]. Results To appreciate the effects of the Brn3c null mutation on the pattern of the inner ear innervation, we first want to present the effects of BDNF and NT-3 null mutations at birth [6,13,14]. Null mutants of BDNF or its receptor trkB lose all innervation to the semicircular canals and have a reduced innervation to the utricle, saccule and apical turn of the cochlea. In contrast, null mutations of either NT-3 or its receptor trkC result in loss of spiral neurons in the basal turn with formation of an inner spiral bundle of afferents extending to the basal tip. Our null hypothesis for this study would be that Brn3c null mice show severe compromised production of these neurotrophins and should therefore show a comparable pattern of nerve fiber loss. Brn3c null mutants
T806 4442-4451 UBERON:0006798 denotes efferents
R2 T119 T118 _lexicallyChainedTo cells,development of
R853 T1473 T1472 _lexicallyChainedTo neurotrophins,production of
R295 T697 T696 _lexicallyChainedTo VIIa,Myosin
R296 T723 T722 _lexicallyChainedTo of,development
R297 T724 T723 _lexicallyChainedTo cells,of
R298 T726 T725 _lexicallyChainedTo cells,differentiation of
R299 T773 T772 _lexicallyChainedTo cells,differentiation of

craft-sa-dev

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T190 7-11 NNS denotes mice
T191 0-6 JJ denotes mutant
T192 12-16 VBP denotes show
T193 17-21 JJ denotes long
T194 22-26 NN denotes term
T195 21-22 HYPH denotes -
T196 39-48 NN denotes retention
T197 26-28 , denotes ,
T198 28-38 JJ denotes incomplete
T199 49-51 IN denotes of
T200 52-56 DT denotes some
T201 76-87 NN denotes innervation
T202 57-65 JJ denotes afferent
T203 66-71 JJ denotes inner
T204 72-75 NN denotes ear
T205 87-88 sentence denotes
T206 98-108 sentence denotes Background
T207 98-108 NN denotes Background
T208 108-247 sentence denotes Ears of Brn3c null mutants develop immature hair cells, identifiable only by certain molecular markers, and undergo apoptosis in neonates.
T209 109-113 NNS denotes Ears
T210 136-143 VBP denotes develop
T211 114-116 IN denotes of
T212 117-122 NN denotes Brn3c
T213 128-135 NNS denotes mutants
T214 123-127 JJ denotes null
T215 144-152 JJ denotes immature
T216 158-163 NNS denotes cells
T217 153-157 NN denotes hair
T218 163-165 , denotes ,
T219 165-177 JJ denotes identifiable
T220 178-182 RB denotes only
T221 183-185 IN denotes by
T222 186-193 JJ denotes certain
T223 204-211 NNS denotes markers
T224 194-203 JJ denotes molecular
T225 211-213 , denotes ,
T226 213-216 CC denotes and
T227 217-224 VBP denotes undergo
T228 225-234 NN denotes apoptosis
T229 235-237 IN denotes in
T230 238-246 NNS denotes neonates
T231 246-247 . denotes .
T232 247-389 sentence denotes This partial development of hair cells could lead to enough neurotrophin expression to sustain sensory neurons through embryonic development.
T233 248-252 DT denotes This
T234 261-272 NN denotes development
T235 253-260 JJ denotes partial
T236 293-297 VB denotes lead
T237 273-275 IN denotes of
T238 276-280 NN denotes hair
T239 281-286 NNS denotes cells
T240 287-292 MD denotes could
T241 298-300 IN denotes to
T242 301-307 JJ denotes enough
T243 321-331 NN denotes expression
T244 308-320 NN denotes neurotrophin
T245 332-334 TO denotes to
T246 335-342 VB denotes sustain
T247 343-350 JJ denotes sensory
T248 351-358 NNS denotes neurons
T249 359-366 IN denotes through
T250 367-376 JJ denotes embryonic
T251 377-388 NN denotes development
T252 388-389 . denotes .
T253 389-507 sentence denotes We have therefore investigated in these mutants the patterns of innervation and of expression of known neurotrophins.
T254 390-392 PRP denotes We
T255 408-420 VBN denotes investigated
T256 393-397 VBP denotes have
T257 398-407 RB denotes therefore
T258 421-423 IN denotes in
T259 424-429 DT denotes these
T260 430-437 NNS denotes mutants
T261 438-441 DT denotes the
T262 442-450 NNS denotes patterns
T263 451-453 IN denotes of
T264 454-465 NN denotes innervation
T265 466-469 CC denotes and
T266 470-472 IN denotes of
T267 473-483 NN denotes expression
T268 484-486 IN denotes of
T269 487-492 JJ denotes known
T270 493-506 NNS denotes neurotrophins
T271 506-507 . denotes .
T272 507-516 sentence denotes Results
T273 509-516 NNS denotes Results
T274 516-718 sentence denotes At birth there is a limited expression of BDNF and NT-3 in the mutant sensory epithelia and DiI tracing shows no specific reduction of afferents or efferents that resembles neurotrophin null mutations.
T275 517-519 IN denotes At
T276 532-534 VBZ denotes is
T277 520-525 NN denotes birth
T278 526-531 EX denotes there
T279 535-536 DT denotes a
T280 545-555 NN denotes expression
T281 537-544 VBN denotes limited
T282 556-558 IN denotes of
T283 559-563 NN denotes BDNF
T284 564-567 CC denotes and
T285 568-570 NN denotes NT
T286 570-571 HYPH denotes -
T287 571-572 CD denotes 3
T288 573-575 IN denotes in
T289 576-579 DT denotes the
T290 595-604 NNS denotes epithelia
T291 580-586 JJ denotes mutant
T292 587-594 JJ denotes sensory
T293 605-608 CC denotes and
T294 609-612 NN denotes DiI
T295 613-620 NN denotes tracing
T296 621-626 VBZ denotes shows
T297 627-629 DT denotes no
T298 639-648 NN denotes reduction
T299 630-638 JJ denotes specific
T300 649-651 IN denotes of
T301 652-661 NNS denotes afferents
T302 662-664 CC denotes or
T303 665-674 NNS denotes efferents
T304 675-679 WDT denotes that
T305 680-689 VBZ denotes resembles
T306 690-702 NN denotes neurotrophin
T307 708-717 NNS denotes mutations
T308 703-707 JJ denotes null
T309 717-718 . denotes .
T310 718-818 sentence denotes At postnatal day 7/8 (P7/8), innervation is severely reduced both qualitatively and quantitatively.
T311 719-721 IN denotes At
T312 772-779 VBN denotes reduced
T313 722-731 JJ denotes postnatal
T314 732-735 NN denotes day
T315 736-737 CD denotes 7
T316 737-738 HYPH denotes /
T317 738-739 CD denotes 8
T318 740-741 -LRB- denotes (
T319 741-743 NN denotes P7
T320 743-744 HYPH denotes /
T321 744-745 CD denotes 8
T322 745-746 -RRB- denotes )
T323 746-748 , denotes ,
T324 748-759 NN denotes innervation
T325 760-762 VBZ denotes is
T326 763-771 RB denotes severely
T327 780-784 CC denotes both
T328 785-798 RB denotes qualitatively
T329 799-802 CC denotes and
T330 803-817 RB denotes quantitatively
T331 817-818 . denotes .
T332 818-926 sentence denotes 1% of myosin VIIa-positive immature hair cells are present in the mutant cochlea, concentrated in the base.
T333 819-820 CD denotes 1
T334 820-821 NN denotes %
T335 866-869 VBP denotes are
T336 822-824 IN denotes of
T337 825-831 NN denotes myosin
T338 832-836 NN denotes VIIa
T339 837-845 JJ denotes positive
T340 836-837 HYPH denotes -
T341 860-865 NNS denotes cells
T342 846-854 JJ denotes immature
T343 855-859 NN denotes hair
T344 870-877 JJ denotes present
T345 878-880 IN denotes in
T346 881-884 DT denotes the
T347 892-899 NN denotes cochlea
T348 885-891 JJ denotes mutant
T349 899-901 , denotes ,
T350 901-913 VBD denotes concentrated
T351 914-916 IN denotes in
T352 917-920 DT denotes the
T353 921-925 NN denotes base
T354 925-926 . denotes .
T355 926-1010 sentence denotes Around 20% of immature hair cells exist in the mutant vestibular sensory epithelia.
T356 927-933 IN denotes Around
T357 934-936 CD denotes 20
T358 936-937 NN denotes %
T359 961-966 VBP denotes exist
T360 938-940 IN denotes of
T361 941-949 JJ denotes immature
T362 955-960 NNS denotes cells
T363 950-954 NN denotes hair
T364 967-969 IN denotes in
T365 970-973 DT denotes the
T366 1000-1009 NNS denotes epithelia
T367 974-980 JJ denotes mutant
T368 981-991 JJ denotes vestibular
T369 992-999 JJ denotes sensory
T370 1009-1010 . denotes .
T371 1010-1166 sentence denotes Despite more severe loss of hair cells (1% compared to 20%), the cochlea retains many more sensory neurons (46% compared to 15%) than vestibular epithelia.
T372 1011-1018 IN denotes Despite
T373 1084-1091 VBZ denotes retains
T374 1019-1023 RBR denotes more
T375 1024-1030 JJ denotes severe
T376 1031-1035 NN denotes loss
T377 1036-1038 IN denotes of
T378 1039-1043 NN denotes hair
T379 1044-1049 NNS denotes cells
T380 1050-1051 -LRB- denotes (
T381 1052-1053 NN denotes %
T382 1051-1052 CD denotes 1
T383 1054-1062 VBN denotes compared
T384 1063-1065 IN denotes to
T385 1066-1068 CD denotes 20
T386 1068-1069 NN denotes %
T387 1069-1070 -RRB- denotes )
T388 1070-1072 , denotes ,
T389 1072-1075 DT denotes the
T390 1076-1083 NN denotes cochlea
T391 1092-1096 JJ denotes many
T392 1110-1117 NNS denotes neurons
T393 1097-1101 JJR denotes more
T394 1102-1109 JJ denotes sensory
T395 1118-1119 -LRB- denotes (
T396 1121-1122 NN denotes %
T397 1119-1121 CD denotes 46
T398 1123-1131 VBN denotes compared
T399 1132-1134 IN denotes to
T400 1135-1137 CD denotes 15
T401 1137-1138 NN denotes %
T402 1138-1139 -RRB- denotes )
T403 1140-1144 IN denotes than
T404 1145-1155 JJ denotes vestibular
T405 1156-1165 NNS denotes epithelia
T406 1165-1166 . denotes .
T407 1166-1325 sentence denotes Even 6 months old mutant mice have some fibers to all vestibular sensory epithelia and many more to the cochlear apex which lacks MyoVIIa positive hair cells.
T408 1167-1171 RB denotes Even
T409 1192-1196 NNS denotes mice
T410 1172-1173 CD denotes 6
T411 1174-1180 NNS denotes months
T412 1181-1184 JJ denotes old
T413 1185-1191 JJ denotes mutant
T414 1197-1201 VBP denotes have
T415 1202-1206 DT denotes some
T416 1207-1213 NNS denotes fibers
T417 1214-1216 IN denotes to
T418 1217-1220 DT denotes all
T419 1240-1249 NNS denotes epithelia
T420 1221-1231 JJ denotes vestibular
T421 1232-1239 JJ denotes sensory
T422 1250-1253 CC denotes and
T423 1254-1258 JJ denotes many
T424 1259-1263 JJR denotes more
T425 1264-1266 IN denotes to
T426 1267-1270 DT denotes the
T427 1280-1284 NN denotes apex
T428 1271-1279 JJ denotes cochlear
T429 1285-1290 WDT denotes which
T430 1291-1296 VBZ denotes lacks
T431 1297-1304 NN denotes MyoVIIa
T432 1305-1313 JJ denotes positive
T433 1319-1324 NNS denotes cells
T434 1314-1318 NN denotes hair
T435 1324-1325 . denotes .
T436 1325-1488 sentence denotes Topologically organized central cochlea projections exist at least until P8, suggesting that functional hair cells are not required to establish such projections.
T437 1326-1339 RB denotes Topologically
T438 1340-1349 VBN denotes organized
T439 1366-1377 NNS denotes projections
T440 1350-1357 JJ denotes central
T441 1358-1365 NN denotes cochlea
T442 1378-1383 VBP denotes exist
T443 1384-1386 RB denotes at
T444 1387-1392 RBS denotes least
T445 1393-1398 IN denotes until
T446 1399-1401 NN denotes P8
T447 1401-1403 , denotes ,
T448 1403-1413 VBG denotes suggesting
T449 1414-1418 IN denotes that
T450 1449-1457 VBN denotes required
T451 1419-1429 JJ denotes functional
T452 1435-1440 NNS denotes cells
T453 1430-1434 NN denotes hair
T454 1441-1444 VBP denotes are
T455 1445-1448 RB denotes not
T456 1458-1460 TO denotes to
T457 1461-1470 VB denotes establish
T458 1471-1475 JJ denotes such
T459 1476-1487 NNS denotes projections
T460 1487-1488 . denotes .
T461 1488-1500 sentence denotes Conclusion
T462 1490-1500 NN denotes Conclusion
T463 1500-1658 sentence denotes The limited expression of neurotrophins in the cochlea of Brn3c null mice suffices to support many sensory neurons, particularly in the cochlea, until birth.
T464 1501-1504 DT denotes The
T465 1513-1523 NN denotes expression
T466 1505-1512 VBN denotes limited
T467 1575-1583 VBZ denotes suffices
T468 1524-1526 IN denotes of
T469 1527-1540 NNS denotes neurotrophins
T470 1541-1543 IN denotes in
T471 1544-1547 DT denotes the
T472 1548-1555 NN denotes cochlea
T473 1556-1558 IN denotes of
T474 1559-1564 NN denotes Brn3c
T475 1565-1569 JJ denotes null
T476 1570-1574 NNS denotes mice
T477 1584-1586 TO denotes to
T478 1587-1594 VB denotes support
T479 1595-1599 JJ denotes many
T480 1608-1615 NNS denotes neurons
T481 1600-1607 JJ denotes sensory
T482 1615-1617 , denotes ,
T483 1617-1629 RB denotes particularly
T484 1630-1632 IN denotes in
T485 1633-1636 DT denotes the
T486 1637-1644 NN denotes cochlea
T487 1644-1646 , denotes ,
T488 1646-1651 IN denotes until
T489 1652-1657 NN denotes birth
T490 1657-1658 . denotes .
T491 1658-1747 sentence denotes The molecular nature of the long term survival of apical spiral neurons remains unclear.
T492 1659-1662 DT denotes The
T493 1673-1679 NN denotes nature
T494 1663-1672 JJ denotes molecular
T495 1731-1738 VBZ denotes remains
T496 1680-1682 IN denotes of
T497 1683-1686 DT denotes the
T498 1697-1705 NN denotes survival
T499 1687-1691 JJ denotes long
T500 1692-1696 NN denotes term
T501 1706-1708 IN denotes of
T502 1709-1715 JJ denotes apical
T503 1716-1722 JJ denotes spiral
T504 1723-1730 NNS denotes neurons
T505 1739-1746 JJ denotes unclear
T506 1746-1747 . denotes .
T820 1760-1765 NN denotes Brn3c
T821 1766-1768 VBZ denotes is
T822 1769-1770 DT denotes a
T823 1782-1788 NN denotes factor
T824 1771-1774 NN denotes POU
T825 1775-1781 NN denotes domain
T826 1789-1793 WDT denotes that
T827 1794-1796 VBZ denotes is
T828 1797-1804 JJ denotes crucial
T829 1805-1808 IN denotes for
T830 1809-1814 JJ denotes inner
T831 1815-1818 JJ denotes ear
T832 1829-1840 NN denotes development
T833 1819-1823 NN denotes hair
T834 1824-1828 NN denotes cell
T835 1840-1841 . denotes .
T836 1841-1902 sentence denotes Targeted null Brn3c mutants have no mature hair cells [1,2].
T837 1842-1850 VBN denotes Targeted
T838 1862-1869 NNS denotes mutants
T839 1851-1855 JJ denotes null
T840 1856-1861 NN denotes Brn3c
T841 1870-1874 VBP denotes have
T842 1875-1877 DT denotes no
T843 1890-1895 NNS denotes cells
T844 1878-1884 JJ denotes mature
T845 1885-1889 NN denotes hair
T846 1896-1897 -LRB- denotes [
T847 1899-1900 CD denotes 2
T848 1897-1898 CD denotes 1
T849 1898-1899 , denotes ,
T850 1900-1901 -RRB- denotes ]
T851 1901-1902 . denotes .
T852 1902-2081 sentence denotes Close examination has revealed that some 'immature' hair cells form in Brn3c null mutants and express cellular markers such as Myosin VI and VIIa, calretinin and parvalbumin [3].
T853 1903-1908 NN denotes Close
T854 1909-1920 NN denotes examination
T855 1925-1933 VBN denotes revealed
T856 1921-1924 VBZ denotes has
T857 1934-1938 IN denotes that
T858 1966-1970 VBP denotes form
T859 1939-1943 DT denotes some
T860 1960-1965 NNS denotes cells
T861 1944-1945 `` denotes '
T862 1945-1953 JJ denotes immature
T863 1953-1954 '' denotes '
T864 1955-1959 NN denotes hair
T865 1971-1973 IN denotes in
T866 1974-1979 NN denotes Brn3c
T867 1985-1992 NNS denotes mutants
T868 1980-1984 JJ denotes null
T869 1993-1996 CC denotes and
T870 1997-2004 VBP denotes express
T871 2005-2013 JJ denotes cellular
T872 2014-2021 NNS denotes markers
T873 2022-2026 JJ denotes such
T874 2027-2029 IN denotes as
T875 2030-2036 NN denotes Myosin
T876 2037-2039 NN denotes VI
T877 2040-2043 CC denotes and
T878 2044-2048 NN denotes VIIa
T879 2048-2050 , denotes ,
T880 2050-2060 NN denotes calretinin
T881 2061-2064 CC denotes and
T882 2065-2076 NN denotes parvalbumin
T883 2077-2078 -LRB- denotes [
T884 2078-2079 CD denotes 3
T885 2079-2080 -RRB- denotes ]
T886 2080-2081 . denotes .
T887 2081-2177 sentence denotes Furthermore, these immature hair cells of Brn3c null mutants undergo apoptosis in neonates [3].
T888 2082-2093 RB denotes Furthermore
T889 2143-2150 VBP denotes undergo
T890 2093-2095 , denotes ,
T891 2095-2100 DT denotes these
T892 2115-2120 NNS denotes cells
T893 2101-2109 JJ denotes immature
T894 2110-2114 NN denotes hair
T895 2121-2123 IN denotes of
T896 2124-2129 NN denotes Brn3c
T897 2135-2142 NNS denotes mutants
T898 2130-2134 JJ denotes null
T899 2151-2160 NN denotes apoptosis
T900 2161-2163 IN denotes in
T901 2164-2172 NNS denotes neonates
T902 2173-2174 -LRB- denotes [
T903 2174-2175 CD denotes 3
T904 2175-2176 -RRB- denotes ]
T905 2176-2177 . denotes .
T906 2177-2350 sentence denotes Consistent with an apparent absence of mature hair cells, initial work suggested that all vestibular and most spiral ganglion cells are lost by postnatal day 14 (P14; [1]).
T907 2178-2188 JJ denotes Consistent
T908 2249-2258 VBD denotes suggested
T909 2189-2193 IN denotes with
T910 2194-2196 DT denotes an
T911 2206-2213 NN denotes absence
T912 2197-2205 JJ denotes apparent
T913 2214-2216 IN denotes of
T914 2217-2223 JJ denotes mature
T915 2229-2234 NNS denotes cells
T916 2224-2228 NN denotes hair
T917 2234-2236 , denotes ,
T918 2236-2243 JJ denotes initial
T919 2244-2248 NN denotes work
T920 2259-2263 IN denotes that
T921 2314-2318 VBN denotes lost
T922 2264-2267 DT denotes all
T923 2268-2278 JJ denotes vestibular
T924 2279-2282 CC denotes and
T925 2283-2287 DT denotes most
T926 2288-2294 JJ denotes spiral
T927 2304-2309 NNS denotes cells
T928 2295-2303 NN denotes ganglion
T929 2310-2313 VBP denotes are
T930 2319-2321 IN denotes by
T931 2322-2331 JJ denotes postnatal
T932 2332-2335 NN denotes day
T933 2336-2338 CD denotes 14
T934 2339-2340 -LRB- denotes (
T935 2340-2343 NN denotes P14
T936 2343-2344 : denotes ;
T937 2345-2346 -LRB- denotes [
T938 2346-2347 CD denotes 1
T939 2347-2348 -RRB- denotes ]
T940 2348-2349 -RRB- denotes )
T941 2349-2350 . denotes .
T942 2350-2495 sentence denotes However, more detailed quantification by others [3] reported that at P4 about 77% of vestibular neurons and only 29% of spiral neurons are lost.
T943 2351-2358 RB denotes However
T944 2403-2411 VBD denotes reported
T945 2358-2360 , denotes ,
T946 2360-2364 RBR denotes more
T947 2374-2388 NN denotes quantification
T948 2365-2373 JJ denotes detailed
T949 2389-2391 IN denotes by
T950 2392-2398 NNS denotes others
T951 2399-2400 -LRB- denotes [
T952 2400-2401 CD denotes 3
T953 2401-2402 -RRB- denotes ]
T954 2412-2416 IN denotes that
T955 2490-2494 VBN denotes lost
T956 2417-2419 IN denotes at
T957 2420-2422 NN denotes P4
T958 2423-2428 IN denotes about
T959 2429-2431 CD denotes 77
T960 2431-2432 NN denotes %
T961 2433-2435 IN denotes of
T962 2436-2446 JJ denotes vestibular
T963 2447-2454 NNS denotes neurons
T964 2455-2458 CC denotes and
T965 2459-2463 RB denotes only
T966 2464-2466 CD denotes 29
T967 2466-2467 NN denotes %
T968 2468-2470 IN denotes of
T969 2471-2477 JJ denotes spiral
T970 2478-2485 NNS denotes neurons
T971 2486-2489 VBP denotes are
T972 2494-2495 . denotes .
T973 2495-2566 sentence denotes It was suggested that there is possibly a complete loss in adults [3].
T974 2496-2498 PRP denotes It
T975 2503-2512 VBN denotes suggested
T976 2499-2502 VBD denotes was
T977 2513-2517 IN denotes that
T978 2524-2526 VBZ denotes is
T979 2518-2523 EX denotes there
T980 2527-2535 RB denotes possibly
T981 2536-2537 DT denotes a
T982 2547-2551 NN denotes loss
T983 2538-2546 JJ denotes complete
T984 2552-2554 IN denotes in
T985 2555-2561 NNS denotes adults
T986 2562-2563 -LRB- denotes [
T987 2563-2564 CD denotes 3
T988 2564-2565 -RRB- denotes ]
T989 2565-2566 . denotes .
T990 2566-2700 sentence denotes Other than these preliminary statements, no data exists concerning the detailed pattern of loss of innervation in Brn3c null mutants.
T991 2567-2572 RB denotes Other
T992 2616-2622 VBZ denotes exists
T993 2573-2577 IN denotes than
T994 2578-2583 DT denotes these
T995 2596-2606 NNS denotes statements
T996 2584-2595 JJ denotes preliminary
T997 2606-2608 , denotes ,
T998 2608-2610 DT denotes no
T999 2611-2615 NN denotes data
T1000 2623-2633 VBG denotes concerning
T1001 2634-2637 DT denotes the
T1002 2647-2654 NN denotes pattern
T1003 2638-2646 JJ denotes detailed
T1004 2655-2657 IN denotes of
T1005 2658-2662 NN denotes loss
T1006 2663-2665 IN denotes of
T1007 2666-2677 NN denotes innervation
T1008 2678-2680 IN denotes in
T1009 2681-2686 NN denotes Brn3c
T1010 2687-2691 JJ denotes null
T1011 2692-2699 NNS denotes mutants
T1012 2699-2700 . denotes .
T1013 2700-2919 sentence denotes The initial development and partial differentiation of hair cells in Brn3c mutants could possibly lead to some neurotrophin expression in these cells to sustain sensory neurons through embryonic development and beyond.
T1014 2701-2704 DT denotes The
T1015 2713-2724 NN denotes development
T1016 2705-2712 JJ denotes initial
T1017 2799-2803 VB denotes lead
T1018 2725-2728 CC denotes and
T1019 2729-2736 JJ denotes partial
T1020 2737-2752 NN denotes differentiation
T1021 2753-2755 IN denotes of
T1022 2756-2760 NN denotes hair
T1023 2761-2766 NNS denotes cells
T1024 2767-2769 IN denotes in
T1025 2770-2775 NN denotes Brn3c
T1026 2776-2783 NNS denotes mutants
T1027 2784-2789 MD denotes could
T1028 2790-2798 RB denotes possibly
T1029 2804-2806 IN denotes to
T1030 2807-2811 DT denotes some
T1031 2825-2835 NN denotes expression
T1032 2812-2824 NN denotes neurotrophin
T1033 2836-2838 IN denotes in
T1034 2839-2844 DT denotes these
T1035 2845-2850 NNS denotes cells
T1036 2851-2853 TO denotes to
T1037 2854-2861 VB denotes sustain
T1038 2862-2869 JJ denotes sensory
T1039 2870-2877 NNS denotes neurons
T1040 2878-2885 IN denotes through
T1041 2886-2895 JJ denotes embryonic
T1042 2896-2907 NN denotes development
T1043 2908-2911 CC denotes and
T1044 2912-2918 RB denotes beyond
T1045 2918-2919 . denotes .
T1046 2919-3119 sentence denotes Data on various single and compound neurotrophin null mutants have shown that the loss of a specific neurotrophin leads to topologically restricted loss of sensory neurons in the embryonic ear [4,5].
T1047 2920-2924 NNS denotes Data
T1048 2987-2992 VBN denotes shown
T1049 2925-2927 IN denotes on
T1050 2928-2935 JJ denotes various
T1051 2974-2981 NNS denotes mutants
T1052 2936-2942 JJ denotes single
T1053 2956-2968 NN denotes neurotrophin
T1054 2943-2946 CC denotes and
T1055 2947-2955 NN denotes compound
T1056 2969-2973 JJ denotes null
T1057 2982-2986 VBP denotes have
T1058 2993-2997 IN denotes that
T1059 3034-3039 VBZ denotes leads
T1060 2998-3001 DT denotes the
T1061 3002-3006 NN denotes loss
T1062 3007-3009 IN denotes of
T1063 3010-3011 DT denotes a
T1064 3021-3033 NN denotes neurotrophin
T1065 3012-3020 JJ denotes specific
T1066 3040-3042 IN denotes to
T1067 3043-3056 RB denotes topologically
T1068 3057-3067 JJ denotes restricted
T1069 3068-3072 NN denotes loss
T1070 3073-3075 IN denotes of
T1071 3076-3083 JJ denotes sensory
T1072 3084-3091 NNS denotes neurons
T1073 3092-3094 IN denotes in
T1074 3095-3098 DT denotes the
T1075 3109-3112 NN denotes ear
T1076 3099-3108 JJ denotes embryonic
T1077 3113-3114 -LRB- denotes [
T1078 3116-3117 CD denotes 5
T1079 3114-3115 CD denotes 4
T1080 3115-3116 , denotes ,
T1081 3117-3118 -RRB- denotes ]
T1082 3118-3119 . denotes .
T1083 3119-3247 sentence denotes Such selective loss in Brn3c null mutants would therefore indicate reduction of a specific neurotrophin in immature hair cells.
T1084 3120-3124 JJ denotes Such
T1085 3135-3139 NN denotes loss
T1086 3125-3134 JJ denotes selective
T1087 3178-3186 VB denotes indicate
T1088 3140-3142 IN denotes in
T1089 3143-3148 NN denotes Brn3c
T1090 3154-3161 NNS denotes mutants
T1091 3149-3153 JJ denotes null
T1092 3162-3167 MD denotes would
T1093 3168-3177 RB denotes therefore
T1094 3187-3196 NN denotes reduction
T1095 3197-3199 IN denotes of
T1096 3200-3201 DT denotes a
T1097 3211-3223 NN denotes neurotrophin
T1098 3202-3210 JJ denotes specific
T1099 3224-3226 IN denotes in
T1100 3227-3235 JJ denotes immature
T1101 3241-3246 NNS denotes cells
T1102 3236-3240 NN denotes hair
T1103 3246-3247 . denotes .
T1104 3247-3388 sentence denotes Moreover, recent work shows that in embryos NT-3 is primarily expressed in supporting cells, moving only around birth into hair cells [6,7].
T1105 3248-3256 RB denotes Moreover
T1106 3270-3275 VBZ denotes shows
T1107 3256-3258 , denotes ,
T1108 3258-3264 JJ denotes recent
T1109 3265-3269 NN denotes work
T1110 3276-3280 IN denotes that
T1111 3310-3319 VBN denotes expressed
T1112 3281-3283 IN denotes in
T1113 3284-3291 NNS denotes embryos
T1114 3292-3294 NN denotes NT
T1115 3294-3295 HYPH denotes -
T1116 3295-3296 CD denotes 3
T1117 3297-3299 VBZ denotes is
T1118 3300-3309 RB denotes primarily
T1119 3320-3322 IN denotes in
T1120 3323-3333 VBG denotes supporting
T1121 3334-3339 NNS denotes cells
T1122 3339-3341 , denotes ,
T1123 3341-3347 VBG denotes moving
T1124 3348-3352 RB denotes only
T1125 3353-3359 IN denotes around
T1126 3360-3365 NN denotes birth
T1127 3366-3370 IN denotes into
T1128 3371-3375 NN denotes hair
T1129 3376-3381 NNS denotes cells
T1130 3382-3383 -LRB- denotes [
T1131 3385-3386 CD denotes 7
T1132 3383-3384 CD denotes 6
T1133 3384-3385 , denotes ,
T1134 3386-3387 -RRB- denotes ]
T1135 3387-3388 . denotes .
T1136 3388-3666 sentence denotes In fact, the selective loss of vestibular as compared to cochlear sensory neurons (77% versus 29%; [3]) suggests that NT-3 expression may be less downregulated in Brn3c null mutants than BDNF [6,8,9], provided that at least some differentiation of supporting cells takes place.
T1137 3389-3391 IN denotes In
T1138 3493-3501 VBZ denotes suggests
T1139 3392-3396 NN denotes fact
T1140 3396-3398 , denotes ,
T1141 3398-3401 DT denotes the
T1142 3412-3416 NN denotes loss
T1143 3402-3411 JJ denotes selective
T1144 3417-3419 IN denotes of
T1145 3420-3430 JJ denotes vestibular
T1146 3431-3433 IN denotes as
T1147 3434-3442 VBN denotes compared
T1148 3443-3445 IN denotes to
T1149 3446-3454 JJ denotes cochlear
T1150 3455-3462 JJ denotes sensory
T1151 3463-3470 NNS denotes neurons
T1152 3471-3472 -LRB- denotes (
T1153 3474-3475 NN denotes %
T1154 3472-3474 CD denotes 77
T1155 3476-3482 CC denotes versus
T1156 3483-3485 CD denotes 29
T1157 3485-3486 NN denotes %
T1158 3486-3487 : denotes ;
T1159 3488-3489 -LRB- denotes [
T1160 3489-3490 CD denotes 3
T1161 3490-3491 -RRB- denotes ]
T1162 3491-3492 -RRB- denotes )
T1163 3502-3506 IN denotes that
T1164 3527-3529 VB denotes be
T1165 3507-3509 NN denotes NT
T1166 3512-3522 NN denotes expression
T1167 3509-3510 HYPH denotes -
T1168 3510-3511 CD denotes 3
T1169 3523-3526 MD denotes may
T1170 3530-3534 RBR denotes less
T1171 3535-3548 VBN denotes downregulated
T1172 3549-3551 IN denotes in
T1173 3552-3557 NN denotes Brn3c
T1174 3563-3570 NNS denotes mutants
T1175 3558-3562 JJ denotes null
T1176 3571-3575 IN denotes than
T1177 3576-3580 NN denotes BDNF
T1178 3581-3582 -LRB- denotes [
T1179 3586-3587 CD denotes 9
T1180 3582-3583 CD denotes 6
T1181 3583-3584 , denotes ,
T1182 3584-3585 CD denotes 8
T1183 3585-3586 , denotes ,
T1184 3587-3588 -RRB- denotes ]
T1185 3588-3590 , denotes ,
T1186 3590-3598 VBN denotes provided
T1187 3599-3603 IN denotes that
T1188 3654-3659 VBZ denotes takes
T1189 3604-3606 RB denotes at
T1190 3607-3612 RBS denotes least
T1191 3618-3633 NN denotes differentiation
T1192 3613-3617 DT denotes some
T1193 3634-3636 IN denotes of
T1194 3637-3647 VBG denotes supporting
T1195 3648-3653 NNS denotes cells
T1196 3660-3665 NN denotes place
T1197 3665-3666 . denotes .
T1198 3666-3819 sentence denotes In the ear [4] as well as elsewhere [10] neurotrophins are progressively downregulated in postnatal mammals and possibly replaced by other factors [11].
T1199 3667-3669 IN denotes In
T1200 3740-3753 VBN denotes downregulated
T1201 3670-3673 DT denotes the
T1202 3674-3677 NN denotes ear
T1203 3678-3679 -LRB- denotes [
T1204 3679-3680 CD denotes 4
T1205 3680-3681 -RRB- denotes ]
T1206 3682-3684 RB denotes as
T1207 3690-3692 IN denotes as
T1208 3685-3689 RB denotes well
T1209 3693-3702 RB denotes elsewhere
T1210 3704-3706 CD denotes 10
T1211 3703-3704 -LRB- denotes [
T1212 3706-3707 -RRB- denotes ]
T1213 3708-3721 NNS denotes neurotrophins
T1214 3722-3725 VBP denotes are
T1215 3726-3739 RB denotes progressively
T1216 3754-3756 IN denotes in
T1217 3757-3766 JJ denotes postnatal
T1218 3767-3774 NNS denotes mammals
T1219 3775-3778 CC denotes and
T1220 3779-3787 RB denotes possibly
T1221 3788-3796 VBN denotes replaced
T1222 3797-3799 IN denotes by
T1223 3800-3805 JJ denotes other
T1224 3806-3813 NNS denotes factors
T1225 3814-3815 -LRB- denotes [
T1226 3815-3817 CD denotes 11
T1227 3817-3818 -RRB- denotes ]
T1228 3818-3819 . denotes .
T1229 3819-3943 sentence denotes We have investigated in detail the pattern of innervation in the Brn3c mutants, as well as the expression of NT-3 and BDNF.
T1230 3820-3822 PRP denotes We
T1231 3828-3840 VBN denotes investigated
T1232 3823-3827 VBP denotes have
T1233 3841-3843 IN denotes in
T1234 3844-3850 NN denotes detail
T1235 3851-3854 DT denotes the
T1236 3855-3862 NN denotes pattern
T1237 3863-3865 IN denotes of
T1238 3866-3877 NN denotes innervation
T1239 3878-3880 IN denotes in
T1240 3881-3884 DT denotes the
T1241 3891-3898 NNS denotes mutants
T1242 3885-3890 NN denotes Brn3c
T1243 3898-3900 , denotes ,
T1244 3900-3902 RB denotes as
T1245 3908-3910 IN denotes as
T1246 3903-3907 RB denotes well
T1247 3911-3914 DT denotes the
T1248 3915-3925 NN denotes expression
T1249 3926-3928 IN denotes of
T1250 3929-3931 NN denotes NT
T1251 3931-3932 HYPH denotes -
T1252 3932-3933 CD denotes 3
T1253 3934-3937 CC denotes and
T1254 3938-3942 NN denotes BDNF
T1255 3942-3943 . denotes .
T1256 3943-4134 sentence denotes We want to evaluate a possible correlation between the topology of sensory neuron loss and absence of a specific neurotrophin or topological loss of hair cells at birth and in older animals.
T1257 3944-3946 PRP denotes We
T1258 3947-3951 VBP denotes want
T1259 3952-3954 TO denotes to
T1260 3955-3963 VB denotes evaluate
T1261 3964-3965 DT denotes a
T1262 3975-3986 NN denotes correlation
T1263 3966-3974 JJ denotes possible
T1264 3987-3994 IN denotes between
T1265 3995-3998 DT denotes the
T1266 3999-4007 NN denotes topology
T1267 4008-4010 IN denotes of
T1268 4011-4018 JJ denotes sensory
T1269 4019-4025 NN denotes neuron
T1270 4026-4030 NN denotes loss
T1271 4031-4034 CC denotes and
T1272 4035-4042 NN denotes absence
T1273 4043-4045 IN denotes of
T1274 4046-4047 DT denotes a
T1275 4057-4069 NN denotes neurotrophin
T1276 4048-4056 JJ denotes specific
T1277 4070-4072 CC denotes or
T1278 4073-4084 JJ denotes topological
T1279 4085-4089 NN denotes loss
T1280 4090-4092 IN denotes of
T1281 4093-4097 NN denotes hair
T1282 4098-4103 NNS denotes cells
T1283 4104-4106 IN denotes at
T1284 4107-4112 NN denotes birth
T1285 4113-4116 CC denotes and
T1286 4117-4119 IN denotes in
T1287 4120-4125 JJR denotes older
T1288 4126-4133 NNS denotes animals
T1289 4133-4134 . denotes .
T1290 4134-4260 sentence denotes This information could be important for an in-depth evaluation of the human deafness related to the Pou4f3 gene, DFNA15 [12].
T1291 4135-4139 DT denotes This
T1292 4140-4151 NN denotes information
T1293 4158-4160 VB denotes be
T1294 4152-4157 MD denotes could
T1295 4161-4170 JJ denotes important
T1296 4171-4174 IN denotes for
T1297 4175-4177 DT denotes an
T1298 4187-4197 NN denotes evaluation
T1299 4178-4180 IN denotes in
T1300 4180-4181 HYPH denotes -
T1301 4181-4186 NN denotes depth
T1302 4198-4200 IN denotes of
T1303 4201-4204 DT denotes the
T1304 4211-4219 NN denotes deafness
T1305 4205-4210 JJ denotes human
T1306 4220-4227 VBN denotes related
T1307 4228-4230 IN denotes to
T1308 4231-4234 DT denotes the
T1309 4242-4246 NN denotes gene
T1310 4235-4241 NN denotes Pou4f3
T1311 4246-4248 , denotes ,
T1312 4248-4254 NN denotes DFNA15
T1313 4255-4256 -LRB- denotes [
T1314 4256-4258 CD denotes 12
T1315 4258-4259 -RRB- denotes ]
T1316 4259-4260 . denotes .
T1317 4260-4409 sentence denotes We report here long term retention of cochlear sensory neurons for at least 6 months, in particular in the cochlear apex, in Brn3c null mutant mice.
T1318 4261-4263 PRP denotes We
T1319 4264-4270 VBP denotes report
T1320 4271-4275 RB denotes here
T1321 4276-4280 JJ denotes long
T1322 4281-4285 NN denotes term
T1323 4286-4295 NN denotes retention
T1324 4296-4298 IN denotes of
T1325 4299-4307 JJ denotes cochlear
T1326 4316-4323 NNS denotes neurons
T1327 4308-4315 JJ denotes sensory
T1328 4324-4327 IN denotes for
T1329 4328-4330 RB denotes at
T1330 4337-4338 CD denotes 6
T1331 4331-4336 RBS denotes least
T1332 4339-4345 NNS denotes months
T1333 4345-4347 , denotes ,
T1334 4347-4349 IN denotes in
T1335 4361-4363 IN denotes in
T1336 4350-4360 JJ denotes particular
T1337 4364-4367 DT denotes the
T1338 4377-4381 NN denotes apex
T1339 4368-4376 JJ denotes cochlear
T1340 4381-4383 , denotes ,
T1341 4383-4385 IN denotes in
T1342 4386-4391 NN denotes Brn3c
T1343 4392-4396 JJ denotes null
T1344 4404-4408 NNS denotes mice
T1345 4397-4403 JJ denotes mutant
T1346 4408-4409 . denotes .
T1347 4409-4628 sentence denotes This retention of afferents and efferents is unrelated to hair cell differentiation as not even immature hair cells can be detected at early postnatal stages with MyoVII immunocytochemistry in this part of the cochlea.
T1348 4410-4414 DT denotes This
T1349 4415-4424 NN denotes retention
T1350 4452-4454 VBZ denotes is
T1351 4425-4427 IN denotes of
T1352 4428-4437 NNS denotes afferents
T1353 4438-4441 CC denotes and
T1354 4442-4451 NNS denotes efferents
T1355 4455-4464 JJ denotes unrelated
T1356 4465-4467 IN denotes to
T1357 4468-4472 NN denotes hair
T1358 4473-4477 NN denotes cell
T1359 4478-4493 NN denotes differentiation
T1360 4494-4496 IN denotes as
T1361 4533-4541 VBN denotes detected
T1362 4497-4500 RB denotes not
T1363 4520-4525 NNS denotes cells
T1364 4501-4505 RB denotes even
T1365 4506-4514 JJ denotes immature
T1366 4515-4519 NN denotes hair
T1367 4526-4529 MD denotes can
T1368 4530-4532 VB denotes be
T1369 4542-4544 IN denotes at
T1370 4545-4550 JJ denotes early
T1371 4561-4567 NNS denotes stages
T1372 4551-4560 JJ denotes postnatal
T1373 4568-4572 IN denotes with
T1374 4573-4579 NN denotes MyoVII
T1375 4580-4599 NN denotes immunocytochemistry
T1376 4600-4602 IN denotes in
T1377 4603-4607 DT denotes this
T1378 4608-4612 NN denotes part
T1379 4613-4615 IN denotes of
T1380 4616-4619 DT denotes the
T1381 4620-4627 NN denotes cochlea
T1382 4627-4628 . denotes .
T1383 4628-4786 sentence denotes This retention of apical spiral neurons is also largely unrelated to neurotrophins which are known to be reduced in their expression in neonatal rodents [4].
T1384 4629-4633 DT denotes This
T1385 4634-4643 NN denotes retention
T1386 4669-4671 VBZ denotes is
T1387 4644-4646 IN denotes of
T1388 4647-4653 JJ denotes apical
T1389 4661-4668 NNS denotes neurons
T1390 4654-4660 JJ denotes spiral
T1391 4672-4676 RB denotes also
T1392 4677-4684 RB denotes largely
T1393 4685-4694 JJ denotes unrelated
T1394 4695-4697 IN denotes to
T1395 4698-4711 NNS denotes neurotrophins
T1396 4712-4717 WDT denotes which
T1397 4722-4727 VBN denotes known
T1398 4718-4721 VBP denotes are
T1399 4728-4730 TO denotes to
T1400 4734-4741 VBN denotes reduced
T1401 4731-4733 VB denotes be
T1402 4742-4744 IN denotes in
T1403 4745-4750 PRP$ denotes their
T1404 4751-4761 NN denotes expression
T1405 4762-4764 IN denotes in
T1406 4765-4773 JJ denotes neonatal
T1407 4774-4781 NNS denotes rodents
T1408 4782-4783 -LRB- denotes [
T1409 4783-4784 CD denotes 4
T1410 4784-4785 -RRB- denotes ]
T1411 4785-4786 . denotes .
T1476 4796-4798 TO denotes To
T1477 4799-4809 VB denotes appreciate
T1478 4903-4907 VBP denotes want
T1479 4810-4813 DT denotes the
T1480 4814-4821 NNS denotes effects
T1481 4822-4824 IN denotes of
T1482 4825-4828 DT denotes the
T1483 4840-4848 NN denotes mutation
T1484 4829-4834 NN denotes Brn3c
T1485 4835-4839 JJ denotes null
T1486 4849-4851 IN denotes on
T1487 4852-4855 DT denotes the
T1488 4856-4863 NN denotes pattern
T1489 4864-4866 IN denotes of
T1490 4867-4870 DT denotes the
T1491 4881-4892 NN denotes innervation
T1492 4871-4876 JJ denotes inner
T1493 4877-4880 NN denotes ear
T1494 4892-4894 , denotes ,
T1495 4894-4896 PRP denotes we
T1496 4897-4902 RB denotes first
T1497 4908-4910 TO denotes to
T1498 4911-4918 VB denotes present
T1499 4919-4922 DT denotes the
T1500 4923-4930 NNS denotes effects
T1501 4931-4933 IN denotes of
T1502 4934-4938 NN denotes BDNF
T1503 4953-4962 NNS denotes mutations
T1504 4939-4942 CC denotes and
T1505 4943-4945 NN denotes NT
T1506 4945-4946 HYPH denotes -
T1507 4946-4947 CD denotes 3
T1508 4948-4952 JJ denotes null
T1509 4963-4965 IN denotes at
T1510 4966-4971 NN denotes birth
T1511 4972-4973 -LRB- denotes [
T1512 4978-4980 CD denotes 14
T1513 4973-4974 CD denotes 6
T1514 4974-4975 , denotes ,
T1515 4975-4977 CD denotes 13
T1516 4977-4978 , denotes ,
T1517 4980-4981 -RRB- denotes ]
T1518 4981-4982 . denotes .
T1519 4982-5159 sentence denotes Null mutants of BDNF or its receptor trkB lose all innervation to the semicircular canals and have a reduced innervation to the utricle, saccule and apical turn of the cochlea.
T1520 4983-4987 JJ denotes Null
T1521 4988-4995 NNS denotes mutants
T1522 5025-5029 VBP denotes lose
T1523 4996-4998 IN denotes of
T1524 4999-5003 NN denotes BDNF
T1525 5004-5006 CC denotes or
T1526 5007-5010 PRP$ denotes its
T1527 5011-5019 NN denotes receptor
T1528 5020-5024 NN denotes trkB
T1529 5030-5033 DT denotes all
T1530 5034-5045 NN denotes innervation
T1531 5046-5048 IN denotes to
T1532 5049-5052 DT denotes the
T1533 5066-5072 NNS denotes canals
T1534 5053-5065 JJ denotes semicircular
T1535 5073-5076 CC denotes and
T1536 5077-5081 VBP denotes have
T1537 5082-5083 DT denotes a
T1538 5092-5103 NN denotes innervation
T1539 5084-5091 VBN denotes reduced
T1540 5104-5106 IN denotes to
T1541 5107-5110 DT denotes the
T1542 5111-5118 NN denotes utricle
T1543 5118-5120 , denotes ,
T1544 5120-5127 NN denotes saccule
T1545 5128-5131 CC denotes and
T1546 5132-5138 JJ denotes apical
T1547 5139-5143 NN denotes turn
T1548 5144-5146 IN denotes of
T1549 5147-5150 DT denotes the
T1550 5151-5158 NN denotes cochlea
T1551 5158-5159 . denotes .
T1552 5159-5356 sentence denotes In contrast, null mutations of either NT-3 or its receptor trkC result in loss of spiral neurons in the basal turn with formation of an inner spiral bundle of afferents extending to the basal tip.
T1553 5160-5162 IN denotes In
T1554 5224-5230 VBP denotes result
T1555 5163-5171 NN denotes contrast
T1556 5171-5173 , denotes ,
T1557 5173-5177 JJ denotes null
T1558 5178-5187 NNS denotes mutations
T1559 5188-5190 IN denotes of
T1560 5191-5197 CC denotes either
T1561 5198-5200 NN denotes NT
T1562 5200-5201 HYPH denotes -
T1563 5201-5202 CD denotes 3
T1564 5203-5205 CC denotes or
T1565 5206-5209 PRP$ denotes its
T1566 5210-5218 NN denotes receptor
T1567 5219-5223 NN denotes trkC
T1568 5231-5233 IN denotes in
T1569 5234-5238 NN denotes loss
T1570 5239-5241 IN denotes of
T1571 5242-5248 JJ denotes spiral
T1572 5249-5256 NNS denotes neurons
T1573 5257-5259 IN denotes in
T1574 5260-5263 DT denotes the
T1575 5270-5274 NN denotes turn
T1576 5264-5269 JJ denotes basal
T1577 5275-5279 IN denotes with
T1578 5280-5289 NN denotes formation
T1579 5290-5292 IN denotes of
T1580 5293-5295 DT denotes an
T1581 5309-5315 NN denotes bundle
T1582 5296-5301 JJ denotes inner
T1583 5302-5308 JJ denotes spiral
T1584 5316-5318 IN denotes of
T1585 5319-5328 NNS denotes afferents
T1586 5329-5338 VBG denotes extending
T1587 5339-5341 IN denotes to
T1588 5342-5345 DT denotes the
T1589 5352-5355 NN denotes tip
T1590 5346-5351 JJ denotes basal
T1591 5355-5356 . denotes .
T1592 5356-5547 sentence denotes Our null hypothesis for this study would be that Brn3c null mice show severe compromised production of these neurotrophins and should therefore show a comparable pattern of nerve fiber loss.
T1593 5357-5360 PRP$ denotes Our
T1594 5366-5376 NN denotes hypothesis
T1595 5361-5365 JJ denotes null
T1596 5398-5400 VB denotes be
T1597 5377-5380 IN denotes for
T1598 5381-5385 DT denotes this
T1599 5386-5391 NN denotes study
T1600 5392-5397 MD denotes would
T1601 5401-5405 IN denotes that
T1602 5422-5426 VBP denotes show
T1603 5406-5411 NN denotes Brn3c
T1604 5417-5421 NNS denotes mice
T1605 5412-5416 JJ denotes null
T1606 5427-5433 JJ denotes severe
T1607 5446-5456 NN denotes production
T1608 5434-5445 VBN denotes compromised
T1609 5457-5459 IN denotes of
T1610 5460-5465 DT denotes these
T1611 5466-5479 NNS denotes neurotrophins
T1612 5480-5483 CC denotes and
T1613 5484-5490 MD denotes should
T1614 5501-5505 VB denotes show
T1615 5491-5500 RB denotes therefore
T1616 5506-5507 DT denotes a
T1617 5519-5526 NN denotes pattern
T1618 5508-5518 JJ denotes comparable
T1619 5527-5529 IN denotes of
T1620 5530-5535 NN denotes nerve
T1621 5536-5541 NN denotes fiber
T1622 5542-5546 NN denotes loss
T1623 5546-5547 . denotes .
T1848 0-5567 NNS denotes mutant mice show long-term, incomplete retention of some afferent inner ear innervation Abstract Background Ears of Brn3c null mutants develop immature hair cells, identifiable only by certain molecular markers, and undergo apoptosis in neonates. This partial development of hair cells could lead to enough neurotrophin expression to sustain sensory neurons through embryonic development. We have therefore investigated in these mutants the patterns of innervation and of expression of known neurotrophins. Results At birth there is a limited expression of BDNF and NT-3 in the mutant sensory epithelia and DiI tracing shows no specific reduction of afferents or efferents that resembles neurotrophin null mutations. At postnatal day 7/8 (P7/8), innervation is severely reduced both qualitatively and quantitatively. 1% of myosin VIIa-positive immature hair cells are present in the mutant cochlea, concentrated in the base. Around 20% of immature hair cells exist in the mutant vestibular sensory epithelia. Despite more severe loss of hair cells (1% compared to 20%), the cochlea retains many more sensory neurons (46% compared to 15%) than vestibular epithelia. Even 6 months old mutant mice have some fibers to all vestibular sensory epithelia and many more to the cochlear apex which lacks MyoVIIa positive hair cells. Topologically organized central cochlea projections exist at least until P8, suggesting that functional hair cells are not required to establish such projections. Conclusion The limited expression of neurotrophins in the cochlea of Brn3c null mice suffices to support many sensory neurons, particularly in the cochlea, until birth. The molecular nature of the long term survival of apical spiral neurons remains unclear. Background Brn3c is a POU domain factor that is crucial for inner ear hair cell development. Targeted null Brn3c mutants have no mature hair cells [1,2]. Close examination has revealed that some 'immature' hair cells form in Brn3c null mutants and express cellular markers such as Myosin VI and VIIa, calretinin and parvalbumin [3]. Furthermore, these immature hair cells of Brn3c null mutants undergo apoptosis in neonates [3]. Consistent with an apparent absence of mature hair cells, initial work suggested that all vestibular and most spiral ganglion cells are lost by postnatal day 14 (P14; [1]). However, more detailed quantification by others [3] reported that at P4 about 77% of vestibular neurons and only 29% of spiral neurons are lost. It was suggested that there is possibly a complete loss in adults [3]. Other than these preliminary statements, no data exists concerning the detailed pattern of loss of innervation in Brn3c null mutants. The initial development and partial differentiation of hair cells in Brn3c mutants could possibly lead to some neurotrophin expression in these cells to sustain sensory neurons through embryonic development and beyond. Data on various single and compound neurotrophin null mutants have shown that the loss of a specific neurotrophin leads to topologically restricted loss of sensory neurons in the embryonic ear [4,5]. Such selective loss in Brn3c null mutants would therefore indicate reduction of a specific neurotrophin in immature hair cells. Moreover, recent work shows that in embryos NT-3 is primarily expressed in supporting cells, moving only around birth into hair cells [6,7]. In fact, the selective loss of vestibular as compared to cochlear sensory neurons (77% versus 29%; [3]) suggests that NT-3 expression may be less downregulated in Brn3c null mutants than BDNF [6,8,9], provided that at least some differentiation of supporting cells takes place. In the ear [4] as well as elsewhere [10] neurotrophins are progressively downregulated in postnatal mammals and possibly replaced by other factors [11]. We have investigated in detail the pattern of innervation in the Brn3c mutants, as well as the expression of NT-3 and BDNF. We want to evaluate a possible correlation between the topology of sensory neuron loss and absence of a specific neurotrophin or topological loss of hair cells at birth and in older animals. This information could be important for an in-depth evaluation of the human deafness related to the Pou4f3 gene, DFNA15 [12]. We report here long term retention of cochlear sensory neurons for at least 6 months, in particular in the cochlear apex, in Brn3c null mutant mice. This retention of afferents and efferents is unrelated to hair cell differentiation as not even immature hair cells can be detected at early postnatal stages with MyoVII immunocytochemistry in this part of the cochlea. This retention of apical spiral neurons is also largely unrelated to neurotrophins which are known to be reduced in their expression in neonatal rodents [4]. Results To appreciate the effects of the Brn3c null mutation on the pattern of the inner ear innervation, we first want to present the effects of BDNF and NT-3 null mutations at birth [6,13,14]. Null mutants of BDNF or its receptor trkB lose all innervation to the semicircular canals and have a reduced innervation to the utricle, saccule and apical turn of the cochlea. In contrast, null mutations of either NT-3 or its receptor trkC result in loss of spiral neurons in the basal turn with formation of an inner spiral bundle of afferents extending to the basal tip. Our null hypothesis for this study would be that Brn3c null mice show severe compromised production of these neurotrophins and should therefore show a comparable pattern of nerve fiber loss. Brn3c null mutants
R5 T191 T190 amod mutant,mice
R6 T193 T194 amod long,term
R8 T195 T194 punct -,term
R9 T196 T192 dobj retention,show
R10 T197 T196 punct ", ",retention
R11 T198 T196 amod incomplete,retention
R12 T199 T196 prep of,retention
R13 T200 T201 det some,innervation
R14 T201 T199 pobj innervation,of
R15 T202 T201 amod afferent,innervation
R16 T203 T204 amod inner,ear
R17 T204 T201 compound ear,innervation
R18 T209 T210 nsubj Ears,develop
R19 T211 T209 prep of,Ears
R20 T212 T213 nmod Brn3c,mutants
R22 T214 T213 amod null,mutants
R23 T215 T216 amod immature,cells
R25 T217 T216 compound hair,cells
R26 T218 T216 punct ", ",cells
R27 T219 T216 amod identifiable,cells
R28 T220 T221 advmod only,by
R29 T221 T219 prep by,identifiable
R30 T222 T223 amod certain,markers
R32 T224 T223 amod molecular,markers
R33 T225 T210 punct ", ",develop
R34 T226 T210 cc and,develop
R35 T227 T210 conj undergo,develop
R36 T228 T227 dobj apoptosis,undergo
R37 T229 T227 prep in,undergo
R38 T230 T229 pobj neonates,in
R39 T231 T210 punct .,develop
R40 T233 T234 det This,development
R42 T235 T234 amod partial,development
R43 T237 T234 prep of,development
R44 T238 T239 compound hair,cells
R45 T239 T237 pobj cells,of
R46 T240 T236 aux could,lead
R47 T241 T236 prep to,lead
R48 T242 T243 amod enough,expression
R50 T244 T243 compound neurotrophin,expression
R51 T245 T246 aux to,sustain
R52 T246 T243 acl sustain,expression
R53 T247 T248 amod sensory,neurons
R54 T248 T246 dobj neurons,sustain
R55 T249 T246 prep through,sustain
R56 T250 T251 amod embryonic,development
R57 T251 T249 pobj development,through
R58 T252 T236 punct .,lead
R59 T254 T255 nsubj We,investigated
R60 T256 T255 aux have,investigated
R61 T257 T255 advmod therefore,investigated
R62 T258 T255 prep in,investigated
R63 T259 T260 det these,mutants
R64 T260 T258 pobj mutants,in
R65 T261 T262 det the,patterns
R66 T262 T255 dobj patterns,investigated
R67 T263 T262 prep of,patterns
R68 T264 T263 pobj innervation,of
R69 T265 T263 cc and,of
R70 T266 T263 conj of,of
R71 T267 T266 pobj expression,of
R72 T268 T266 prep of,of
R73 T269 T270 amod known,neurotrophins
R74 T270 T268 pobj neurotrophins,of
R75 T271 T255 punct .,investigated
R76 T275 T276 prep At,is
R77 T277 T275 pobj birth,At
R78 T278 T276 expl there,is
R79 T279 T280 det a,expression
R81 T281 T280 amod limited,expression
R82 T282 T280 prep of,expression
R83 T283 T282 pobj BDNF,of
R84 T284 T283 cc and,BDNF
R85 T285 T283 conj NT,BDNF
R86 T286 T285 punct -,NT
R87 T287 T285 nummod 3,NT
R88 T288 T276 prep in,is
R89 T289 T290 det the,epithelia
R90 T290 T288 pobj epithelia,in
R91 T291 T290 amod mutant,epithelia
R92 T292 T290 amod sensory,epithelia
R93 T293 T276 cc and,is
R94 T294 T295 compound DiI,tracing
R95 T295 T296 nsubj tracing,shows
R96 T296 T276 conj shows,is
R97 T297 T298 det no,reduction
R99 T299 T298 amod specific,reduction
R100 T300 T298 prep of,reduction
R101 T301 T300 pobj afferents,of
R102 T302 T301 cc or,afferents
R103 T303 T301 conj efferents,afferents
R104 T304 T305 dep that,resembles
R105 T305 T301 relcl resembles,afferents
R106 T306 T307 nmod neurotrophin,mutations
R108 T308 T307 amod null,mutations
R109 T309 T276 punct .,is
R110 T311 T312 prep At,reduced
R111 T313 T314 amod postnatal,day
R112 T314 T311 pobj day,At
R113 T315 T314 nummod 7,day
R114 T316 T314 punct /,day
R115 T317 T314 nummod 8,day
R116 T318 T314 punct (,day
R117 T319 T314 appos P7,day
R118 T320 T319 punct /,P7
R119 T321 T319 nummod 8,P7
R120 T322 T312 punct ),reduced
R121 T323 T312 punct ", ",reduced
R122 T324 T312 nsubjpass innervation,reduced
R123 T325 T312 auxpass is,reduced
R124 T326 T312 advmod severely,reduced
R125 T327 T328 preconj both,qualitatively
R126 T328 T312 advmod qualitatively,reduced
R127 T329 T328 cc and,qualitatively
R128 T330 T328 conj quantitatively,qualitatively
R129 T331 T312 punct .,reduced
R130 T333 T334 nummod 1,%
R131 T334 T335 nsubj %,are
R132 T336 T334 prep of,%
R133 T337 T338 compound myosin,VIIa
R134 T338 T339 npadvmod VIIa,positive
R136 T340 T339 punct -,positive
R137 T341 T336 pobj cells,of
R138 T342 T341 amod immature,cells
R139 T343 T341 compound hair,cells
R140 T344 T335 acomp present,are
R141 T345 T335 prep in,are
R142 T346 T347 det the,cochlea
R144 T348 T347 amod mutant,cochlea
R145 T349 T335 punct ", ",are
R146 T350 T335 advcl concentrated,are
R147 T351 T350 prep in,concentrated
R148 T352 T353 det the,base
R149 T353 T351 pobj base,in
R150 T354 T335 punct .,are
R151 T356 T357 quantmod Around,20
R152 T357 T358 nummod 20,%
R153 T358 T359 nsubj %,exist
R154 T360 T358 prep of,%
R155 T361 T362 amod immature,cells
R157 T363 T362 compound hair,cells
R158 T364 T359 prep in,exist
R159 T365 T366 det the,epithelia
R160 T366 T364 pobj epithelia,in
R161 T367 T366 amod mutant,epithelia
R162 T368 T366 amod vestibular,epithelia
R163 T369 T366 amod sensory,epithelia
R164 T370 T359 punct .,exist
R165 T372 T373 prep Despite,retains
R166 T374 T375 advmod more,severe
R167 T375 T376 amod severe,loss
R168 T376 T372 pobj loss,Despite
R169 T377 T376 prep of,loss
R170 T378 T379 compound hair,cells
R171 T379 T377 pobj cells,of
R172 T380 T381 punct (,%
R174 T382 T381 nummod 1,%
R175 T383 T381 prep compared,%
R176 T384 T383 prep to,compared
R177 T385 T386 nummod 20,%
R178 T386 T384 pobj %,to
R179 T387 T381 punct ),%
R180 T388 T373 punct ", ",retains
R181 T389 T390 det the,cochlea
R182 T390 T373 nsubj cochlea,retains
R183 T391 T392 amod many,neurons
R184 T392 T373 dobj neurons,retains
R185 T393 T392 amod more,neurons
R186 T394 T392 amod sensory,neurons
R187 T395 T396 punct (,%
R189 T397 T396 nummod 46,%
R190 T398 T396 prep compared,%
R191 T399 T398 prep to,compared
R192 T400 T401 nummod 15,%
R193 T401 T399 pobj %,to
R194 T402 T396 punct ),%
R195 T403 T392 prep than,neurons
R196 T404 T405 amod vestibular,epithelia
R197 T405 T403 pobj epithelia,than
R198 T406 T373 punct .,retains
R199 T408 T409 advmod Even,mice
R200 T409 T414 nsubj mice,have
R201 T410 T411 nummod 6,months
R202 T411 T412 npadvmod months,old
R203 T412 T409 amod old,mice
R204 T413 T409 amod mutant,mice
R205 T415 T416 det some,fibers
R206 T416 T414 dobj fibers,have
R207 T417 T416 prep to,fibers
R208 T418 T419 det all,epithelia
R209 T419 T417 pobj epithelia,to
R210 T420 T419 amod vestibular,epithelia
R211 T421 T419 amod sensory,epithelia
R212 T422 T416 cc and,fibers
R213 T423 T424 amod many,more
R214 T424 T416 conj more,fibers
R215 T425 T424 prep to,more
R216 T426 T427 det the,apex
R218 T428 T427 amod cochlear,apex
R219 T429 T430 dep which,lacks
R220 T430 T427 relcl lacks,apex
R221 T431 T432 npadvmod MyoVIIa,positive
R222 T432 T433 amod positive,cells
R224 T434 T433 compound hair,cells
R225 T435 T414 punct .,have
R226 T437 T438 advmod Topologically,organized
R227 T438 T439 amod organized,projections
R228 T439 T442 nsubj projections,exist
R229 T440 T441 amod central,cochlea
R230 T441 T439 compound cochlea,projections
R231 T443 T444 advmod at,least
R232 T444 T445 advmod least,until
R233 T445 T442 prep until,exist
R234 T446 T445 pobj P8,until
R235 T447 T442 punct ", ",exist
R236 T448 T442 advcl suggesting,exist
R237 T449 T450 mark that,required
R238 T450 T448 ccomp required,suggesting
R239 T451 T452 amod functional,cells
R240 T452 T450 nsubjpass cells,required
R241 T453 T452 compound hair,cells
R242 T454 T450 auxpass are,required
R243 T455 T450 neg not,required
R244 T456 T457 aux to,establish
R245 T457 T450 advcl establish,required
R246 T458 T459 amod such,projections
R247 T459 T457 dobj projections,establish
R248 T460 T442 punct .,exist
R249 T464 T465 det The,expression
R251 T466 T465 amod limited,expression
R252 T468 T465 prep of,expression
R253 T469 T468 pobj neurotrophins,of
R254 T470 T465 prep in,expression
R255 T471 T472 det the,cochlea
R256 T472 T470 pobj cochlea,in
R257 T473 T472 prep of,cochlea
R258 T474 T475 npadvmod Brn3c,null
R259 T475 T476 amod null,mice
R260 T476 T473 pobj mice,of
R261 T477 T478 aux to,support
R262 T478 T467 xcomp support,suffices
R263 T479 T480 amod many,neurons
R265 T481 T480 amod sensory,neurons
R266 T482 T478 punct ", ",support
R267 T483 T484 advmod particularly,in
R268 T484 T478 prep in,support
R269 T485 T486 det the,cochlea
R270 T486 T484 pobj cochlea,in
R271 T487 T478 punct ", ",support
R272 T488 T478 prep until,support
R273 T489 T488 pobj birth,until
R274 T490 T467 punct .,suffices
R275 T492 T493 det The,nature
R277 T494 T493 amod molecular,nature
R278 T496 T493 prep of,nature
R279 T497 T498 det the,survival
R280 T498 T496 pobj survival,of
R281 T499 T500 amod long,term
R282 T500 T498 compound term,survival
R283 T501 T498 prep of,survival
R284 T502 T503 amod apical,spiral
R285 T503 T504 nmod spiral,neurons
R286 T504 T501 pobj neurons,of
R287 T505 T495 oprd unclear,remains
R288 T506 T495 punct .,remains
R300 T820 T821 nsubj Brn3c,is
R301 T822 T823 det a,factor
R302 T823 T821 attr factor,is
R303 T824 T825 compound POU,domain
R304 T825 T823 compound domain,factor
R305 T826 T827 dep that,is
R306 T827 T823 relcl is,factor
R307 T828 T827 acomp crucial,is
R308 T829 T828 prep for,crucial
R309 T830 T831 amod inner,ear
R310 T831 T832 nmod ear,development
R311 T832 T829 pobj development,for
R312 T833 T834 compound hair,cell
R313 T834 T832 compound cell,development
R314 T835 T821 punct .,is
R315 T837 T838 amod Targeted,mutants
R316 T838 T841 nsubj mutants,have
R317 T839 T838 amod null,mutants
R318 T840 T838 compound Brn3c,mutants
R319 T842 T843 det no,cells
R320 T843 T841 dobj cells,have
R321 T844 T843 amod mature,cells
R322 T845 T843 compound hair,cells
R323 T846 T847 punct [,2
R324 T847 T841 parataxis 2,have
R325 T848 T847 nummod 1,2
R326 T849 T847 punct ",",2
R327 T850 T847 punct ],2
R328 T851 T841 punct .,have
R329 T853 T854 compound Close,examination
R330 T854 T855 nsubj examination,revealed
R331 T856 T855 aux has,revealed
R332 T857 T858 mark that,form
R333 T858 T855 ccomp form,revealed
R334 T859 T860 det some,cells
R335 T860 T858 nsubj cells,form
R336 T861 T860 punct ',cells
R337 T862 T860 amod immature,cells
R338 T863 T860 punct ',cells
R339 T864 T860 compound hair,cells
R340 T865 T858 prep in,form
R341 T866 T867 nmod Brn3c,mutants
R342 T867 T865 pobj mutants,in
R343 T868 T867 amod null,mutants
R344 T869 T858 cc and,form
R345 T870 T858 conj express,form
R346 T871 T872 amod cellular,markers
R347 T872 T870 dobj markers,express
R348 T873 T874 amod such,as
R349 T874 T872 prep as,markers
R350 T875 T876 compound Myosin,VI
R351 T876 T874 pobj VI,as
R352 T877 T876 cc and,VI
R353 T878 T876 conj VIIa,VI
R354 T879 T876 punct ", ",VI
R355 T880 T876 conj calretinin,VI
R356 T881 T880 cc and,calretinin
R357 T882 T880 conj parvalbumin,calretinin
R358 T883 T884 punct [,3
R359 T884 T855 parataxis 3,revealed
R360 T885 T884 punct ],3
R361 T886 T855 punct .,revealed
R362 T888 T889 advmod Furthermore,undergo
R363 T890 T889 punct ", ",undergo
R364 T891 T892 det these,cells
R365 T892 T889 nsubj cells,undergo
R366 T893 T892 amod immature,cells
R367 T894 T892 compound hair,cells
R368 T895 T892 prep of,cells
R369 T896 T897 nmod Brn3c,mutants
R370 T897 T895 pobj mutants,of
R371 T898 T897 amod null,mutants
R372 T899 T889 dobj apoptosis,undergo
R373 T900 T889 prep in,undergo
R374 T901 T900 pobj neonates,in
R375 T902 T903 punct [,3
R376 T903 T889 parataxis 3,undergo
R377 T904 T903 punct ],3
R378 T905 T889 punct .,undergo
R379 T907 T908 advcl Consistent,suggested
R380 T909 T907 prep with,Consistent
R381 T910 T911 det an,absence
R382 T911 T909 pobj absence,with
R383 T912 T911 amod apparent,absence
R384 T913 T911 prep of,absence
R385 T914 T915 amod mature,cells
R386 T915 T913 pobj cells,of
R387 T916 T915 compound hair,cells
R388 T917 T908 punct ", ",suggested
R389 T918 T919 amod initial,work
R390 T919 T908 nsubj work,suggested
R391 T920 T921 mark that,lost
R392 T921 T908 ccomp lost,suggested
R393 T922 T923 det all,vestibular
R394 T923 T921 nsubjpass vestibular,lost
R395 T924 T923 cc and,vestibular
R396 T925 T926 det most,spiral
R397 T926 T927 nmod spiral,cells
R398 T927 T923 conj cells,vestibular
R399 T928 T927 compound ganglion,cells
R400 T929 T921 auxpass are,lost
R401 T930 T921 prep by,lost
R402 T931 T932 amod postnatal,day
R403 T932 T930 pobj day,by
R404 T933 T932 nummod 14,day
R405 T934 T932 punct (,day
R406 T935 T932 appos P14,day
R407 T936 T921 punct ;,lost
R408 T937 T938 punct [,1
R409 T938 T921 parataxis 1,lost
R410 T939 T938 punct ],1
R411 T940 T921 punct ),lost
R412 T941 T908 punct .,suggested
R413 T943 T944 advmod However,reported
R414 T945 T944 punct ", ",reported
R415 T946 T947 advmod more,quantification
R416 T947 T944 nsubj quantification,reported
R417 T948 T947 amod detailed,quantification
R418 T949 T947 prep by,quantification
R419 T950 T949 pobj others,by
R420 T951 T952 punct [,3
R421 T952 T947 parataxis 3,quantification
R422 T953 T952 punct ],3
R423 T954 T955 mark that,lost
R424 T955 T944 ccomp lost,reported
R425 T956 T955 prep at,lost
R426 T957 T956 pobj P4,at
R427 T958 T959 quantmod about,77
R428 T959 T960 nummod 77,%
R429 T960 T955 nsubjpass %,lost
R430 T961 T960 prep of,%
R431 T962 T963 amod vestibular,neurons
R432 T963 T961 pobj neurons,of
R433 T964 T960 cc and,%
R434 T965 T966 advmod only,29
R435 T966 T967 nummod 29,%
R436 T967 T960 conj %,%
R437 T968 T967 prep of,%
R438 T969 T970 amod spiral,neurons
R439 T970 T968 pobj neurons,of
R440 T971 T955 auxpass are,lost
R441 T972 T944 punct .,reported
R442 T974 T975 nsubjpass It,suggested
R443 T976 T975 auxpass was,suggested
R444 T977 T978 mark that,is
R445 T978 T975 ccomp is,suggested
R446 T979 T978 expl there,is
R447 T980 T978 advmod possibly,is
R448 T981 T982 det a,loss
R449 T982 T978 attr loss,is
R450 T983 T982 amod complete,loss
R451 T984 T978 prep in,is
R452 T985 T984 pobj adults,in
R453 T986 T987 punct [,3
R454 T987 T975 parataxis 3,suggested
R455 T988 T987 punct ],3
R456 T989 T975 punct .,suggested
R457 T991 T992 advmod Other,exists
R458 T993 T991 prep than,Other
R459 T994 T995 det these,statements
R460 T995 T993 pobj statements,than
R461 T996 T995 amod preliminary,statements
R462 T997 T992 punct ", ",exists
R463 T998 T999 det no,data
R464 T999 T992 nsubj data,exists
R465 T1000 T992 prep concerning,exists
R466 T1001 T1002 det the,pattern
R467 T1002 T1000 pobj pattern,concerning
R468 T1003 T1002 amod detailed,pattern
R469 T1004 T1002 prep of,pattern
R470 T1005 T1004 pobj loss,of
R471 T1006 T1005 prep of,loss
R472 T1007 T1006 pobj innervation,of
R473 T1008 T1005 prep in,loss
R474 T1009 T1010 npadvmod Brn3c,null
R475 T1010 T1011 amod null,mutants
R476 T1011 T1008 pobj mutants,in
R477 T1012 T992 punct .,exists
R478 T1014 T1015 det The,development
R479 T1015 T1017 nsubj development,lead
R480 T1016 T1015 amod initial,development
R481 T1018 T1015 cc and,development
R482 T1019 T1020 amod partial,differentiation
R483 T1020 T1015 conj differentiation,development
R484 T1021 T1015 prep of,development
R485 T1022 T1023 compound hair,cells
R486 T1023 T1021 pobj cells,of
R487 T1024 T1015 prep in,development
R488 T1025 T1026 compound Brn3c,mutants
R489 T1026 T1024 pobj mutants,in
R490 T1027 T1017 aux could,lead
R491 T1028 T1017 advmod possibly,lead
R492 T1029 T1017 prep to,lead
R493 T1030 T1031 det some,expression
R494 T1031 T1029 pobj expression,to
R495 T1032 T1031 compound neurotrophin,expression
R496 T1033 T1031 prep in,expression
R497 T1034 T1035 det these,cells
R498 T1035 T1033 pobj cells,in
R499 T1036 T1037 aux to,sustain
R500 T1037 T1017 advcl sustain,lead
R501 T1038 T1039 amod sensory,neurons
R502 T1039 T1037 dobj neurons,sustain
R503 T1040 T1037 prep through,sustain
R504 T1041 T1042 amod embryonic,development
R505 T1042 T1040 pobj development,through
R506 T1043 T1040 cc and,through
R507 T1044 T1040 conj beyond,through
R508 T1045 T1017 punct .,lead
R509 T1047 T1048 nsubj Data,shown
R510 T1049 T1047 prep on,Data
R511 T1050 T1051 amod various,mutants
R512 T1051 T1049 pobj mutants,on
R513 T1052 T1053 amod single,neurotrophin
R514 T1053 T1056 npadvmod neurotrophin,null
R515 T1054 T1052 cc and,single
R516 T1055 T1052 conj compound,single
R517 T1056 T1051 amod null,mutants
R518 T1057 T1048 aux have,shown
R519 T1058 T1059 mark that,leads
R520 T1059 T1048 ccomp leads,shown
R521 T1060 T1061 det the,loss
R522 T1061 T1059 nsubj loss,leads
R523 T1062 T1061 prep of,loss
R524 T1063 T1064 det a,neurotrophin
R525 T1064 T1062 pobj neurotrophin,of
R526 T1065 T1064 amod specific,neurotrophin
R527 T1066 T1059 prep to,leads
R528 T1067 T1068 advmod topologically,restricted
R529 T1068 T1069 amod restricted,loss
R530 T1069 T1066 pobj loss,to
R531 T1070 T1069 prep of,loss
R532 T1071 T1072 amod sensory,neurons
R533 T1072 T1070 pobj neurons,of
R534 T1073 T1069 prep in,loss
R535 T1074 T1075 det the,ear
R536 T1075 T1073 pobj ear,in
R537 T1076 T1075 amod embryonic,ear
R538 T1077 T1078 punct [,5
R539 T1078 T1048 parataxis 5,shown
R540 T1079 T1078 nummod 4,5
R541 T1080 T1078 punct ",",5
R542 T1081 T1078 punct ],5
R543 T1082 T1048 punct .,shown
R544 T1084 T1085 amod Such,loss
R545 T1085 T1087 nsubj loss,indicate
R546 T1086 T1085 amod selective,loss
R547 T1088 T1085 prep in,loss
R548 T1089 T1090 nmod Brn3c,mutants
R549 T1090 T1088 pobj mutants,in
R550 T1091 T1090 amod null,mutants
R551 T1092 T1087 aux would,indicate
R552 T1093 T1087 advmod therefore,indicate
R553 T1094 T1087 dobj reduction,indicate
R554 T1095 T1094 prep of,reduction
R555 T1096 T1097 det a,neurotrophin
R556 T1097 T1095 pobj neurotrophin,of
R557 T1098 T1097 amod specific,neurotrophin
R558 T1099 T1094 prep in,reduction
R559 T1100 T1101 amod immature,cells
R560 T1101 T1099 pobj cells,in
R561 T1102 T1101 compound hair,cells
R562 T1103 T1087 punct .,indicate
R563 T1105 T1106 advmod Moreover,shows
R564 T1107 T1106 punct ", ",shows
R565 T1108 T1109 amod recent,work
R566 T1109 T1106 nsubj work,shows
R567 T1110 T1111 mark that,expressed
R568 T1111 T1106 ccomp expressed,shows
R569 T1112 T1111 prep in,expressed
R570 T1113 T1112 pobj embryos,in
R571 T1114 T1111 nsubjpass NT,expressed
R572 T1115 T1114 punct -,NT
R573 T1116 T1114 nummod 3,NT
R574 T1117 T1111 auxpass is,expressed
R575 T1118 T1111 advmod primarily,expressed
R576 T1119 T1111 prep in,expressed
R577 T1120 T1121 amod supporting,cells
R578 T1121 T1119 pobj cells,in
R579 T1122 T1111 punct ", ",expressed
R580 T1123 T1111 advcl moving,expressed
R581 T1124 T1125 advmod only,around
R582 T1125 T1123 prep around,moving
R583 T1126 T1125 pobj birth,around
R584 T1127 T1123 prep into,moving
R585 T1128 T1129 compound hair,cells
R586 T1129 T1127 pobj cells,into
R587 T1130 T1131 punct [,7
R588 T1131 T1106 parataxis 7,shows
R589 T1132 T1131 nummod 6,7
R590 T1133 T1131 punct ",",7
R591 T1134 T1131 punct ],7
R592 T1135 T1106 punct .,shows
R593 T1137 T1138 prep In,suggests
R594 T1139 T1137 pobj fact,In
R595 T1140 T1138 punct ", ",suggests
R596 T1141 T1142 det the,loss
R597 T1142 T1138 nsubj loss,suggests
R598 T1143 T1142 amod selective,loss
R599 T1144 T1142 prep of,loss
R600 T1145 T1144 pobj vestibular,of
R601 T1146 T1145 prep as,vestibular
R602 T1147 T1146 prep compared,as
R603 T1148 T1147 prep to,compared
R604 T1149 T1148 pobj cochlear,to
R605 T1150 T1151 amod sensory,neurons
R606 T1151 T1145 appos neurons,vestibular
R607 T1152 T1153 punct (,%
R608 T1153 T1145 parataxis %,vestibular
R609 T1154 T1153 nummod 77,%
R610 T1155 T1153 cc versus,%
R611 T1156 T1157 nummod 29,%
R612 T1157 T1153 conj %,%
R613 T1158 T1153 punct ;,%
R614 T1159 T1160 punct [,3
R615 T1160 T1153 parataxis 3,%
R616 T1161 T1160 punct ],3
R617 T1162 T1153 punct ),%
R618 T1163 T1164 mark that,be
R619 T1164 T1138 ccomp be,suggests
R620 T1165 T1166 nmod NT,expression
R621 T1166 T1164 nsubj expression,be
R622 T1167 T1165 punct -,NT
R623 T1168 T1165 nummod 3,NT
R624 T1169 T1164 aux may,be
R625 T1170 T1171 advmod less,downregulated
R626 T1171 T1164 acomp downregulated,be
R627 T1172 T1164 prep in,be
R628 T1173 T1174 nmod Brn3c,mutants
R629 T1174 T1172 pobj mutants,in
R630 T1175 T1174 amod null,mutants
R631 T1176 T1164 prep than,be
R632 T1177 T1176 pobj BDNF,than
R633 T1178 T1179 punct [,9
R634 T1179 T1164 parataxis 9,be
R635 T1180 T1179 nummod 6,9
R636 T1181 T1179 punct ",",9
R637 T1182 T1179 nummod 8,9
R638 T1183 T1179 punct ",",9
R639 T1184 T1179 punct ],9
R640 T1185 T1164 punct ", ",be
R641 T1186 T1164 prep provided,be
R642 T1187 T1188 mark that,takes
R643 T1188 T1186 pcomp takes,provided
R644 T1189 T1190 advmod at,least
R645 T1190 T1191 advmod least,differentiation
R646 T1191 T1188 nsubj differentiation,takes
R647 T1192 T1191 det some,differentiation
R648 T1193 T1191 prep of,differentiation
R649 T1194 T1195 amod supporting,cells
R650 T1195 T1193 pobj cells,of
R651 T1196 T1188 dobj place,takes
R652 T1197 T1138 punct .,suggests
R653 T1199 T1200 prep In,downregulated
R654 T1201 T1202 det the,ear
R655 T1202 T1199 pobj ear,In
R656 T1203 T1204 punct [,4
R657 T1204 T1199 parataxis 4,In
R658 T1205 T1204 punct ],4
R659 T1206 T1207 advmod as,as
R660 T1207 T1199 cc as,In
R661 T1208 T1207 advmod well,as
R662 T1209 T1210 advmod elsewhere,10
R663 T1210 T1199 conj 10,In
R664 T1211 T1210 punct [,10
R665 T1212 T1210 punct ],10
R666 T1213 T1200 nsubjpass neurotrophins,downregulated
R667 T1214 T1200 auxpass are,downregulated
R668 T1215 T1200 advmod progressively,downregulated
R669 T1216 T1200 prep in,downregulated
R670 T1217 T1218 amod postnatal,mammals
R671 T1218 T1216 pobj mammals,in
R672 T1219 T1200 cc and,downregulated
R673 T1220 T1221 advmod possibly,replaced
R674 T1221 T1200 conj replaced,downregulated
R675 T1222 T1221 agent by,replaced
R676 T1223 T1224 amod other,factors
R677 T1224 T1222 pobj factors,by
R678 T1225 T1226 punct [,11
R679 T1226 T1221 parataxis 11,replaced
R680 T1227 T1226 punct ],11
R681 T1228 T1200 punct .,downregulated
R682 T1230 T1231 nsubj We,investigated
R683 T1232 T1231 aux have,investigated
R684 T1233 T1231 prep in,investigated
R685 T1234 T1233 pobj detail,in
R686 T1235 T1236 det the,pattern
R687 T1236 T1231 dobj pattern,investigated
R688 T1237 T1236 prep of,pattern
R689 T1238 T1237 pobj innervation,of
R690 T1239 T1236 prep in,pattern
R691 T1240 T1241 det the,mutants
R692 T1241 T1239 pobj mutants,in
R693 T1242 T1241 compound Brn3c,mutants
R694 T1243 T1236 punct ", ",pattern
R695 T1244 T1245 advmod as,as
R696 T1245 T1236 cc as,pattern
R697 T1246 T1245 advmod well,as
R698 T1247 T1248 det the,expression
R699 T1248 T1236 conj expression,pattern
R700 T1249 T1248 prep of,expression
R701 T1250 T1249 pobj NT,of
R702 T1251 T1250 punct -,NT
R703 T1252 T1250 nummod 3,NT
R704 T1253 T1250 cc and,NT
R705 T1254 T1250 conj BDNF,NT
R706 T1255 T1231 punct .,investigated
R707 T1257 T1258 nsubj We,want
R708 T1259 T1260 aux to,evaluate
R709 T1260 T1258 xcomp evaluate,want
R710 T1261 T1262 det a,correlation
R711 T1262 T1260 dobj correlation,evaluate
R712 T1263 T1262 amod possible,correlation
R713 T1264 T1262 prep between,correlation
R714 T1265 T1266 det the,topology
R715 T1266 T1264 pobj topology,between
R716 T1267 T1266 prep of,topology
R717 T1268 T1269 amod sensory,neuron
R718 T1269 T1270 compound neuron,loss
R719 T1270 T1267 pobj loss,of
R720 T1271 T1266 cc and,topology
R721 T1272 T1266 conj absence,topology
R722 T1273 T1272 prep of,absence
R723 T1274 T1275 det a,neurotrophin
R724 T1275 T1273 pobj neurotrophin,of
R725 T1276 T1275 amod specific,neurotrophin
R726 T1277 T1275 cc or,neurotrophin
R727 T1278 T1279 amod topological,loss
R728 T1279 T1275 conj loss,neurotrophin
R729 T1280 T1279 prep of,loss
R730 T1281 T1282 compound hair,cells
R731 T1282 T1280 pobj cells,of
R732 T1283 T1262 prep at,correlation
R733 T1284 T1283 pobj birth,at
R734 T1285 T1283 cc and,at
R735 T1286 T1283 conj in,at
R736 T1287 T1288 amod older,animals
R737 T1288 T1286 pobj animals,in
R738 T1289 T1258 punct .,want
R739 T1291 T1292 det This,information
R740 T1292 T1293 nsubj information,be
R741 T1294 T1293 aux could,be
R742 T1295 T1293 acomp important,be
R743 T1296 T1295 prep for,important
R744 T1297 T1298 det an,evaluation
R745 T1298 T1296 pobj evaluation,for
R746 T1299 T1298 nmod in,evaluation
R747 T1300 T1299 punct -,in
R748 T1301 T1299 pobj depth,in
R749 T1302 T1298 prep of,evaluation
R750 T1303 T1304 det the,deafness
R751 T1304 T1302 pobj deafness,of
R752 T1305 T1304 amod human,deafness
R753 T1306 T1304 acl related,deafness
R754 T1307 T1306 prep to,related
R755 T1308 T1309 det the,gene
R756 T1309 T1307 pobj gene,to
R757 T1310 T1309 compound Pou4f3,gene
R758 T1311 T1309 punct ", ",gene
R759 T1312 T1309 appos DFNA15,gene
R760 T1313 T1314 punct [,12
R761 T1314 T1293 parataxis 12,be
R762 T1315 T1314 punct ],12
R763 T1316 T1293 punct .,be
R764 T1318 T1319 nsubj We,report
R765 T1320 T1319 advmod here,report
R766 T1321 T1322 amod long,term
R767 T1322 T1323 compound term,retention
R768 T1323 T1319 dobj retention,report
R769 T1324 T1323 prep of,retention
R770 T1325 T1326 amod cochlear,neurons
R771 T1326 T1324 pobj neurons,of
R772 T1327 T1326 amod sensory,neurons
R773 T1328 T1323 prep for,retention
R774 T1329 T1330 advmod at,6
R775 T1330 T1332 nummod 6,months
R776 T1331 T1330 advmod least,6
R777 T1332 T1328 pobj months,for
R778 T1333 T1323 punct ", ",retention
R779 T1334 T1335 prep in,in
R780 T1335 T1323 prep in,retention
R781 T1336 T1334 amod particular,in
R782 T1337 T1338 det the,apex
R783 T1338 T1335 pobj apex,in
R784 T1339 T1338 amod cochlear,apex
R785 T1340 T1323 punct ", ",retention
R786 T1341 T1323 prep in,retention
R787 T1342 T1343 npadvmod Brn3c,null
R788 T1343 T1344 amod null,mice
R789 T1344 T1341 pobj mice,in
R790 T1345 T1344 amod mutant,mice
R791 T1346 T1319 punct .,report
R792 T1348 T1349 det This,retention
R793 T1349 T1350 nsubj retention,is
R794 T1351 T1349 prep of,retention
R795 T1352 T1351 pobj afferents,of
R796 T1353 T1352 cc and,afferents
R797 T1354 T1352 conj efferents,afferents
R798 T1355 T1350 acomp unrelated,is
R799 T1356 T1355 prep to,unrelated
R800 T1357 T1358 compound hair,cell
R801 T1358 T1359 compound cell,differentiation
R802 T1359 T1356 pobj differentiation,to
R803 T1360 T1361 mark as,detected
R804 T1361 T1350 advcl detected,is
R805 T1362 T1363 neg not,cells
R806 T1363 T1361 nsubjpass cells,detected
R807 T1364 T1363 advmod even,cells
R808 T1365 T1363 amod immature,cells
R809 T1366 T1363 compound hair,cells
R810 T1367 T1361 aux can,detected
R811 T1368 T1361 auxpass be,detected
R812 T1369 T1361 prep at,detected
R813 T1370 T1371 amod early,stages
R814 T1371 T1369 pobj stages,at
R815 T1372 T1371 amod postnatal,stages
R816 T1373 T1361 prep with,detected
R817 T1374 T1375 compound MyoVII,immunocytochemistry
R818 T1375 T1373 pobj immunocytochemistry,with
R819 T1376 T1361 prep in,detected
R820 T1377 T1378 det this,part
R821 T1378 T1376 pobj part,in
R822 T1379 T1378 prep of,part
R823 T1380 T1381 det the,cochlea
R824 T1381 T1379 pobj cochlea,of
R825 T1382 T1350 punct .,is
R826 T1384 T1385 det This,retention
R827 T1385 T1386 nsubj retention,is
R828 T1387 T1385 prep of,retention
R829 T1388 T1389 amod apical,neurons
R830 T1389 T1387 pobj neurons,of
R831 T1390 T1389 amod spiral,neurons
R832 T1391 T1386 advmod also,is
R833 T1392 T1393 advmod largely,unrelated
R834 T1393 T1386 acomp unrelated,is
R835 T1394 T1393 prep to,unrelated
R836 T1395 T1394 pobj neurotrophins,to
R837 T1396 T1397 dep which,known
R838 T1397 T1395 relcl known,neurotrophins
R839 T1398 T1397 auxpass are,known
R840 T1399 T1400 aux to,reduced
R841 T1400 T1397 xcomp reduced,known
R842 T1401 T1400 auxpass be,reduced
R843 T1402 T1400 prep in,reduced
R844 T1403 T1404 poss their,expression
R845 T1404 T1402 pobj expression,in
R846 T1405 T1397 prep in,known
R847 T1406 T1407 amod neonatal,rodents
R848 T1407 T1405 pobj rodents,in
R849 T1408 T1409 punct [,4
R850 T1409 T1386 parataxis 4,is
R851 T1410 T1409 punct ],4
R852 T1411 T1386 punct .,is
R854 T1476 T1477 aux To,appreciate
R855 T1477 T1478 advcl appreciate,want
R856 T1479 T1480 det the,effects
R857 T1480 T1477 dobj effects,appreciate
R858 T1481 T1480 prep of,effects
R859 T1482 T1483 det the,mutation
R860 T1483 T1481 pobj mutation,of
R861 T1484 T1483 nmod Brn3c,mutation
R862 T1485 T1483 amod null,mutation
R863 T1486 T1480 prep on,effects
R864 T1487 T1488 det the,pattern
R865 T1488 T1486 pobj pattern,on
R866 T1489 T1488 prep of,pattern
R867 T1490 T1491 det the,innervation
R868 T1491 T1489 pobj innervation,of
R869 T1492 T1493 amod inner,ear
R870 T1493 T1491 compound ear,innervation
R871 T1494 T1478 punct ", ",want
R872 T1495 T1478 nsubj we,want
R873 T1496 T1478 advmod first,want
R874 T1497 T1498 aux to,present
R875 T1498 T1478 xcomp present,want
R876 T1499 T1500 det the,effects
R877 T1500 T1498 dobj effects,present
R878 T1501 T1500 prep of,effects
R879 T1502 T1503 nmod BDNF,mutations
R880 T1503 T1501 pobj mutations,of
R881 T1504 T1502 cc and,BDNF
R882 T1505 T1502 conj NT,BDNF
R883 T1506 T1505 punct -,NT
R884 T1507 T1505 nummod 3,NT
R885 T1508 T1503 amod null,mutations
R886 T1509 T1503 prep at,mutations
R887 T1510 T1509 pobj birth,at
R888 T1511 T1512 punct [,14
R889 T1512 T1478 parataxis 14,want
R890 T1513 T1512 nummod 6,14
R891 T1514 T1512 punct ",",14
R892 T1515 T1512 nummod 13,14
R893 T1516 T1512 punct ",",14
R894 T1517 T1512 punct ],14
R895 T1518 T1478 punct .,want
R896 T1520 T1521 amod Null,mutants
R897 T1521 T1522 nsubj mutants,lose
R898 T1523 T1521 prep of,mutants
R899 T1524 T1523 pobj BDNF,of
R900 T1525 T1524 cc or,BDNF
R901 T1526 T1527 poss its,receptor
R902 T1527 T1524 conj receptor,BDNF
R903 T1528 T1527 appos trkB,receptor
R904 T1529 T1530 det all,innervation
R905 T1530 T1522 dobj innervation,lose
R906 T1531 T1530 prep to,innervation
R907 T1532 T1533 det the,canals
R908 T1533 T1531 pobj canals,to
R909 T1534 T1533 amod semicircular,canals
R910 T1535 T1522 cc and,lose
R911 T1536 T1522 conj have,lose
R912 T1537 T1538 det a,innervation
R913 T1538 T1536 dobj innervation,have
R914 T1539 T1538 amod reduced,innervation
R915 T1540 T1538 prep to,innervation
R916 T1541 T1542 det the,utricle
R917 T1542 T1540 pobj utricle,to
R918 T1543 T1542 punct ", ",utricle
R919 T1544 T1542 conj saccule,utricle
R920 T1545 T1544 cc and,saccule
R921 T1546 T1547 amod apical,turn
R922 T1547 T1544 conj turn,saccule
R923 T1548 T1547 prep of,turn
R924 T1549 T1550 det the,cochlea
R925 T1550 T1548 pobj cochlea,of
R926 T1551 T1522 punct .,lose
R927 T1553 T1554 prep In,result
R928 T1555 T1553 pobj contrast,In
R929 T1556 T1554 punct ", ",result
R930 T1557 T1558 amod null,mutations
R931 T1558 T1554 nsubj mutations,result
R932 T1559 T1558 prep of,mutations
R933 T1560 T1561 preconj either,NT
R934 T1561 T1559 pobj NT,of
R935 T1562 T1561 punct -,NT
R936 T1563 T1561 nummod 3,NT
R937 T1564 T1561 cc or,NT
R938 T1565 T1566 poss its,receptor
R939 T1566 T1561 conj receptor,NT
R940 T1567 T1566 appos trkC,receptor
R941 T1568 T1554 prep in,result
R942 T1569 T1568 pobj loss,in
R943 T1570 T1569 prep of,loss
R944 T1571 T1572 amod spiral,neurons
R945 T1572 T1570 pobj neurons,of
R946 T1573 T1569 prep in,loss
R947 T1574 T1575 det the,turn
R948 T1575 T1573 pobj turn,in
R949 T1576 T1575 amod basal,turn
R950 T1577 T1569 prep with,loss
R951 T1578 T1577 pobj formation,with
R952 T1579 T1578 prep of,formation
R953 T1580 T1581 det an,bundle
R954 T1581 T1579 pobj bundle,of
R955 T1582 T1583 amod inner,spiral
R956 T1583 T1581 nmod spiral,bundle
R957 T1584 T1581 prep of,bundle
R958 T1585 T1584 pobj afferents,of
R959 T1586 T1581 acl extending,bundle
R960 T1587 T1586 prep to,extending
R961 T1588 T1589 det the,tip
R962 T1589 T1587 pobj tip,to
R963 T1590 T1589 amod basal,tip
R964 T1591 T1554 punct .,result
R965 T1593 T1594 poss Our,hypothesis
R966 T1594 T1596 nsubj hypothesis,be
R967 T1595 T1594 amod null,hypothesis
R968 T1597 T1594 prep for,hypothesis
R969 T1598 T1599 det this,study
R970 T1599 T1597 pobj study,for
R971 T1600 T1596 aux would,be
R972 T1601 T1602 mark that,show
R973 T1602 T1596 ccomp show,be
R974 T1603 T1604 nmod Brn3c,mice
R975 T1604 T1602 nsubj mice,show
R976 T1605 T1604 amod null,mice
R977 T1606 T1607 amod severe,production
R978 T1607 T1602 dobj production,show
R979 T1608 T1607 amod compromised,production
R980 T1609 T1607 prep of,production
R981 T1610 T1611 det these,neurotrophins
R982 T1611 T1609 pobj neurotrophins,of
R983 T1612 T1602 cc and,show
R984 T1613 T1614 aux should,show
R985 T1614 T1602 conj show,show
R986 T1615 T1614 advmod therefore,show
R987 T1616 T1617 det a,pattern
R988 T1617 T1614 dobj pattern,show
R989 T1618 T1617 amod comparable,pattern
R990 T1619 T1617 prep of,pattern
R991 T1620 T1621 compound nerve,fiber
R992 T1621 T1622 compound fiber,loss
R993 T1622 T1619 pobj loss,of
R994 T1623 T1596 punct .,be
R4 T190 T192 nsubj mice,show
R7 T194 T196 nmod term,retention
R21 T213 T211 pobj mutants,of
R24 T216 T210 dobj cells,develop
R31 T223 T221 pobj markers,by
R41 T234 T236 nsubj development,lead
R49 T243 T241 pobj expression,to
R80 T280 T276 attr expression,is
R98 T298 T296 dobj reduction,shows
R107 T307 T305 dobj mutations,resembles
R135 T339 T341 amod positive,cells
R143 T347 T345 pobj cochlea,in
R156 T362 T360 pobj cells,of
R173 T381 T376 parataxis %,loss
R188 T396 T392 parataxis %,neurons
R217 T427 T425 pobj apex,to
R223 T433 T430 dobj cells,lacks
R250 T465 T467 nsubj expression,suffices
R264 T480 T478 dobj neurons,support
R276 T493 T495 nsubj nature,remains