Id |
Subject |
Object |
Predicate |
Lexical cue |
T3152 |
0-3 |
NN |
denotes |
QTL |
T3153 |
60-68 |
VBN |
denotes |
referred |
T3154 |
4-9 |
WDT |
denotes |
which |
T3155 |
10-15 |
VBP |
denotes |
alter |
T3156 |
16-19 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T3157 |
31-38 |
NNS |
denotes |
effects |
T3158 |
20-30 |
JJ |
denotes |
phenotypic |
T3159 |
39-41 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3160 |
42-49 |
DT |
denotes |
another |
T3161 |
50-55 |
NN |
denotes |
locus |
T3162 |
56-59 |
VBP |
denotes |
are |
T3163 |
69-71 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T3164 |
72-74 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T3165 |
75-83 |
NN |
denotes |
modifier |
T3166 |
84-87 |
NN |
denotes |
QTL |
T3167 |
88-89 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T3168 |
89-91 |
CD |
denotes |
18 |
T3169 |
91-92 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T3170 |
92-93 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3171 |
93-320 |
sentence |
denotes |
Modifier QTL have been mapped for numerous traits and in these studies the modified locus is typically a known gene containing a spontaneously arisen or engineered mutation with major phenotypic effects, such as hg [11,19-21]. |
T3172 |
94-102 |
NN |
denotes |
Modifier |
T3173 |
103-106 |
NN |
denotes |
QTL |
T3174 |
117-123 |
VBN |
denotes |
mapped |
T3175 |
107-111 |
VBP |
denotes |
have |
T3176 |
112-116 |
VBN |
denotes |
been |
T3177 |
124-127 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T3178 |
128-136 |
JJ |
denotes |
numerous |
T3179 |
137-143 |
NNS |
denotes |
traits |
T3180 |
144-147 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T3181 |
148-150 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T3182 |
184-186 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T3183 |
151-156 |
DT |
denotes |
these |
T3184 |
157-164 |
NNS |
denotes |
studies |
T3185 |
165-168 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T3186 |
178-183 |
NN |
denotes |
locus |
T3187 |
169-177 |
VBN |
denotes |
modified |
T3188 |
187-196 |
RB |
denotes |
typically |
T3189 |
197-198 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T3190 |
205-209 |
NN |
denotes |
gene |
T3191 |
199-204 |
VBN |
denotes |
known |
T3192 |
210-220 |
VBG |
denotes |
containing |
T3193 |
221-222 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T3194 |
258-266 |
NN |
denotes |
mutation |
T3195 |
223-236 |
RB |
denotes |
spontaneously |
T3196 |
237-243 |
VBN |
denotes |
arisen |
T3197 |
244-246 |
CC |
denotes |
or |
T3198 |
247-257 |
VBN |
denotes |
engineered |
T3199 |
267-271 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T3200 |
272-277 |
JJ |
denotes |
major |
T3201 |
289-296 |
NNS |
denotes |
effects |
T3202 |
278-288 |
JJ |
denotes |
phenotypic |
T3203 |
296-298 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3204 |
298-302 |
JJ |
denotes |
such |
T3205 |
303-305 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T3206 |
306-308 |
NN |
denotes |
hg |
T3207 |
309-310 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T3208 |
310-312 |
CD |
denotes |
11 |
T3209 |
312-313 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3210 |
313-315 |
CD |
denotes |
19 |
T3211 |
315-316 |
SYM |
denotes |
- |
T3212 |
316-318 |
CD |
denotes |
21 |
T3213 |
318-319 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T3214 |
319-320 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3215 |
320-474 |
sentence |
denotes |
Epistasis forms the basis of these interactions, implying that the known gene and its modifiers are members of the same biochemical or metabolic pathway. |
T3216 |
321-330 |
NN |
denotes |
Epistasis |
T3217 |
331-336 |
VBZ |
denotes |
forms |
T3218 |
337-340 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T3219 |
341-346 |
NN |
denotes |
basis |
T3220 |
347-349 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3221 |
350-355 |
DT |
denotes |
these |
T3222 |
356-368 |
NNS |
denotes |
interactions |
T3223 |
368-370 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3224 |
370-378 |
VBG |
denotes |
implying |
T3225 |
379-383 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T3226 |
417-420 |
VBP |
denotes |
are |
T3227 |
384-387 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T3228 |
394-398 |
NN |
denotes |
gene |
T3229 |
388-393 |
VBN |
denotes |
known |
T3230 |
399-402 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T3231 |
403-406 |
PRP$ |
denotes |
its |
T3232 |
407-416 |
NNS |
denotes |
modifiers |
T3233 |
421-428 |
NNS |
denotes |
members |
T3234 |
429-431 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3235 |
432-435 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T3236 |
466-473 |
NN |
denotes |
pathway |
T3237 |
436-440 |
JJ |
denotes |
same |
T3238 |
441-452 |
JJ |
denotes |
biochemical |
T3239 |
453-455 |
CC |
denotes |
or |
T3240 |
456-465 |
JJ |
denotes |
metabolic |
T3241 |
473-474 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3242 |
474-574 |
sentence |
denotes |
Different genetic backgrounds have been shown to modify the growth-enhancing effects of hg [15,22]. |
T3243 |
475-484 |
JJ |
denotes |
Different |
T3244 |
493-504 |
NNS |
denotes |
backgrounds |
T3245 |
485-492 |
JJ |
denotes |
genetic |
T3246 |
515-520 |
VBN |
denotes |
shown |
T3247 |
505-509 |
VBP |
denotes |
have |
T3248 |
510-514 |
VBN |
denotes |
been |
T3249 |
521-523 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T3250 |
524-530 |
VB |
denotes |
modify |
T3251 |
531-534 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T3252 |
552-559 |
NNS |
denotes |
effects |
T3253 |
535-541 |
NN |
denotes |
growth |
T3254 |
542-551 |
VBG |
denotes |
enhancing |
T3255 |
541-542 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T3256 |
560-562 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3257 |
563-565 |
NN |
denotes |
hg |
T3258 |
566-567 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T3259 |
570-572 |
CD |
denotes |
22 |
T3260 |
567-569 |
CD |
denotes |
15 |
T3261 |
569-570 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3262 |
572-573 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T3263 |
573-574 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3264 |
574-801 |
sentence |
denotes |
Since the primary function of Socs2 is to negatively regulate growth hormone (Gh) [23], it is likely these background effects are the result of polymorphism influencing interactions between members of the Gh signaling pathway. |
T3265 |
575-580 |
IN |
denotes |
Since |
T3266 |
611-613 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T3267 |
581-584 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T3268 |
593-601 |
NN |
denotes |
function |
T3269 |
585-592 |
JJ |
denotes |
primary |
T3270 |
602-604 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3271 |
605-610 |
NN |
denotes |
Socs2 |
T3272 |
666-668 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T3273 |
614-616 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T3274 |
628-636 |
VB |
denotes |
regulate |
T3275 |
617-627 |
RB |
denotes |
negatively |
T3276 |
637-643 |
NN |
denotes |
growth |
T3277 |
644-651 |
NN |
denotes |
hormone |
T3278 |
652-653 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T3279 |
653-655 |
NN |
denotes |
Gh |
T3280 |
655-656 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T3281 |
657-658 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T3282 |
658-660 |
CD |
denotes |
23 |
T3283 |
660-661 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T3284 |
661-663 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3285 |
663-665 |
PRP |
denotes |
it |
T3286 |
669-675 |
JJ |
denotes |
likely |
T3287 |
676-681 |
DT |
denotes |
these |
T3288 |
693-700 |
NNS |
denotes |
effects |
T3289 |
682-692 |
NN |
denotes |
background |
T3290 |
701-704 |
VBP |
denotes |
are |
T3291 |
705-708 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T3292 |
709-715 |
NN |
denotes |
result |
T3293 |
716-718 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3294 |
719-731 |
NN |
denotes |
polymorphism |
T3295 |
732-743 |
VBG |
denotes |
influencing |
T3296 |
744-756 |
NNS |
denotes |
interactions |
T3297 |
757-764 |
IN |
denotes |
between |
T3298 |
765-772 |
NNS |
denotes |
members |
T3299 |
773-775 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3300 |
776-779 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T3301 |
793-800 |
NN |
denotes |
pathway |
T3302 |
780-782 |
NN |
denotes |
Gh |
T3303 |
783-792 |
NN |
denotes |
signaling |
T3304 |
800-801 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3305 |
801-970 |
sentence |
denotes |
Thus, identification of hg modifiers has the potential to uncover novel members of metabolically important pathways or previously unknown convergences between pathways. |
T3306 |
802-806 |
RB |
denotes |
Thus |
T3307 |
839-842 |
VBZ |
denotes |
has |
T3308 |
806-808 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3309 |
808-822 |
NN |
denotes |
identification |
T3310 |
823-825 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3311 |
826-828 |
NN |
denotes |
hg |
T3312 |
829-838 |
NNS |
denotes |
modifiers |
T3313 |
843-846 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T3314 |
847-856 |
NN |
denotes |
potential |
T3315 |
857-859 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T3316 |
860-867 |
VB |
denotes |
uncover |
T3317 |
868-873 |
JJ |
denotes |
novel |
T3318 |
874-881 |
NNS |
denotes |
members |
T3319 |
882-884 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3320 |
885-898 |
RB |
denotes |
metabolically |
T3321 |
899-908 |
JJ |
denotes |
important |
T3322 |
909-917 |
NNS |
denotes |
pathways |
T3323 |
918-920 |
CC |
denotes |
or |
T3324 |
921-931 |
RB |
denotes |
previously |
T3325 |
932-939 |
JJ |
denotes |
unknown |
T3326 |
940-952 |
NNS |
denotes |
convergences |
T3327 |
953-960 |
IN |
denotes |
between |
T3328 |
961-969 |
NNS |
denotes |
pathways |
T3329 |
969-970 |
. |
denotes |
. |
R674 |
T3220 |
T3219 |
prep |
of,basis |
R675 |
T3221 |
T3222 |
det |
these,interactions |
R677 |
T3222 |
T3220 |
pobj |
interactions,of |
R678 |
T3223 |
T3217 |
punct |
", ",forms |
R679 |
T3224 |
T3217 |
advcl |
implying,forms |
R681 |
T3225 |
T3226 |
mark |
that,are |
R682 |
T3226 |
T3224 |
ccomp |
are,implying |
R684 |
T3227 |
T3228 |
det |
the,gene |
R685 |
T3228 |
T3226 |
nsubj |
gene,are |
R686 |
T3229 |
T3228 |
amod |
known,gene |
R687 |
T3230 |
T3228 |
cc |
and,gene |
R689 |
T3231 |
T3232 |
poss |
its,modifiers |
R690 |
T3232 |
T3228 |
conj |
modifiers,gene |
R692 |
T3233 |
T3226 |
attr |
members,are |
R693 |
T3234 |
T3233 |
prep |
of,members |
R695 |
T3235 |
T3236 |
det |
the,pathway |
R696 |
T3236 |
T3234 |
pobj |
pathway,of |
R697 |
T3237 |
T3236 |
amod |
same,pathway |
R698 |
T3238 |
T3236 |
amod |
biochemical,pathway |
R699 |
T3239 |
T3238 |
cc |
or,biochemical |
R700 |
T3240 |
T3238 |
conj |
metabolic,biochemical |
R701 |
T3241 |
T3217 |
punct |
.,forms |
R703 |
T3243 |
T3244 |
amod |
Different,backgrounds |
R704 |
T3244 |
T3246 |
nsubjpass |
backgrounds,shown |
R705 |
T3245 |
T3244 |
amod |
genetic,backgrounds |
R707 |
T3247 |
T3246 |
aux |
have,shown |
R708 |
T3248 |
T3246 |
auxpass |
been,shown |
R710 |
T3249 |
T3250 |
aux |
to,modify |
R712 |
T3250 |
T3246 |
xcomp |
modify,shown |
R713 |
T3251 |
T3252 |
det |
the,effects |
R714 |
T3252 |
T3250 |
dobj |
effects,modify |
R716 |
T3253 |
T3254 |
npadvmod |
growth,enhancing |
R717 |
T3254 |
T3252 |
amod |
enhancing,effects |
R718 |
T3255 |
T3254 |
punct |
-,enhancing |
R720 |
T3256 |
T3252 |
prep |
of,effects |
R721 |
T3257 |
T3256 |
pobj |
hg,of |
R722 |
T3258 |
T3259 |
punct |
[,22 |
R723 |
T3259 |
T3246 |
parataxis |
22,shown |
R724 |
T3152 |
T3153 |
nsubjpass |
QTL,referred |
R725 |
T3260 |
T3259 |
nummod |
15,22 |
R726 |
T3261 |
T3259 |
punct |
",",22 |
R727 |
T3262 |
T3259 |
punct |
],22 |
R728 |
T3154 |
T3155 |
dep |
which,alter |
R729 |
T3263 |
T3246 |
punct |
.,shown |
R730 |
T3265 |
T3266 |
mark |
Since,is |
R731 |
T3266 |
T3272 |
advcl |
is,is |
R732 |
T3267 |
T3268 |
det |
the,function |
R733 |
T3155 |
T3152 |
relcl |
alter,QTL |
R734 |
T3268 |
T3266 |
nsubj |
function,is |
R735 |
T3269 |
T3268 |
amod |
primary,function |
R736 |
T3270 |
T3268 |
prep |
of,function |
R737 |
T3156 |
T3157 |
det |
the,effects |
R738 |
T3271 |
T3270 |
pobj |
Socs2,of |
R739 |
T3157 |
T3155 |
dobj |
effects,alter |
R740 |
T3273 |
T3274 |
aux |
to,regulate |
R741 |
T3274 |
T3266 |
xcomp |
regulate,is |
R742 |
T3275 |
T3274 |
advmod |
negatively,regulate |
R743 |
T3276 |
T3277 |
compound |
growth,hormone |
R744 |
T3158 |
T3157 |
amod |
phenotypic,effects |
R745 |
T3277 |
T3274 |
dobj |
hormone,regulate |
R746 |
T3278 |
T3277 |
punct |
(,hormone |
R747 |
T3159 |
T3157 |
prep |
of,effects |
R748 |
T3279 |
T3277 |
appos |
Gh,hormone |
R749 |
T3280 |
T3266 |
punct |
),is |
R750 |
T3281 |
T3282 |
punct |
[,23 |
R751 |
T3282 |
T3266 |
parataxis |
23,is |
R752 |
T3160 |
T3161 |
det |
another,locus |
R753 |
T3283 |
T3282 |
punct |
],23 |
R754 |
T3284 |
T3272 |
punct |
", ",is |
R755 |
T3285 |
T3272 |
nsubj |
it,is |
R756 |
T3161 |
T3159 |
pobj |
locus,of |
R757 |
T3286 |
T3272 |
acomp |
likely,is |
R758 |
T3287 |
T3288 |
det |
these,effects |
R759 |
T3162 |
T3153 |
auxpass |
are,referred |
R760 |
T3288 |
T3290 |
nsubj |
effects,are |
R761 |
T3289 |
T3288 |
compound |
background,effects |
R762 |
T3163 |
T3153 |
prep |
to,referred |
R763 |
T3290 |
T3286 |
advcl |
are,likely |
R764 |
T3291 |
T3292 |
det |
the,result |
R765 |
T3164 |
T3153 |
prep |
as,referred |
R766 |
T3292 |
T3290 |
attr |
result,are |
R767 |
T3293 |
T3292 |
prep |
of,result |
R768 |
T3294 |
T3295 |
nsubj |
polymorphism,influencing |
R769 |
T3295 |
T3293 |
pcomp |
influencing,of |
R770 |
T3165 |
T3166 |
compound |
modifier,QTL |
R771 |
T3296 |
T3295 |
dobj |
interactions,influencing |
R772 |
T3297 |
T3296 |
prep |
between,interactions |
R773 |
T3298 |
T3297 |
pobj |
members,between |
R774 |
T3166 |
T3164 |
pobj |
QTL,as |
R775 |
T3299 |
T3298 |
prep |
of,members |
R776 |
T3300 |
T3301 |
det |
the,pathway |
R777 |
T3301 |
T3299 |
pobj |
pathway,of |
R778 |
T3167 |
T3168 |
punct |
[,18 |
R779 |
T3302 |
T3303 |
compound |
Gh,signaling |
R780 |
T3303 |
T3301 |
compound |
signaling,pathway |
R781 |
T3304 |
T3272 |
punct |
.,is |
R782 |
T3168 |
T3153 |
parataxis |
18,referred |
R783 |
T3306 |
T3307 |
advmod |
Thus,has |
R784 |
T3169 |
T3168 |
punct |
],18 |
R785 |
T3308 |
T3307 |
punct |
", ",has |
R786 |
T3309 |
T3307 |
nsubj |
identification,has |
R787 |
T3170 |
T3153 |
punct |
.,referred |
R788 |
T3310 |
T3309 |
prep |
of,identification |
R789 |
T3311 |
T3312 |
compound |
hg,modifiers |
R790 |
T3312 |
T3310 |
pobj |
modifiers,of |
R791 |
T3172 |
T3173 |
compound |
Modifier,QTL |
R792 |
T3313 |
T3314 |
det |
the,potential |
R793 |
T3314 |
T3307 |
dobj |
potential,has |
R794 |
T3315 |
T3316 |
aux |
to,uncover |
R795 |
T3316 |
T3314 |
acl |
uncover,potential |
R796 |
T3173 |
T3174 |
nsubjpass |
QTL,mapped |
R797 |
T3317 |
T3318 |
amod |
novel,members |
R798 |
T3318 |
T3316 |
dobj |
members,uncover |
R799 |
T3319 |
T3318 |
prep |
of,members |
R800 |
T3320 |
T3321 |
advmod |
metabolically,important |
R801 |
T3321 |
T3322 |
amod |
important,pathways |
R802 |
T3322 |
T3319 |
pobj |
pathways,of |
R803 |
T3175 |
T3174 |
aux |
have,mapped |
R804 |
T3323 |
T3318 |
cc |
or,members |
R805 |
T3324 |
T3325 |
advmod |
previously,unknown |
R806 |
T3325 |
T3326 |
amod |
unknown,convergences |
R807 |
T3176 |
T3174 |
auxpass |
been,mapped |
R808 |
T3177 |
T3174 |
prep |
for,mapped |
R809 |
T3326 |
T3318 |
conj |
convergences,members |
R810 |
T3178 |
T3179 |
amod |
numerous,traits |
R811 |
T3327 |
T3326 |
prep |
between,convergences |
R812 |
T3328 |
T3327 |
pobj |
pathways,between |
R813 |
T3329 |
T3307 |
punct |
.,has |
R814 |
T3179 |
T3177 |
pobj |
traits,for |
R816 |
T3180 |
T3174 |
cc |
and,mapped |
R819 |
T3181 |
T3182 |
prep |
in,is |
R823 |
T3182 |
T3174 |
conj |
is,mapped |
R827 |
T3183 |
T3184 |
det |
these,studies |
R831 |
T3184 |
T3181 |
pobj |
studies,in |
R835 |
T3185 |
T3186 |
det |
the,locus |
R839 |
T3186 |
T3182 |
nsubj |
locus,is |
R843 |
T3187 |
T3186 |
amod |
modified,locus |
R847 |
T3188 |
T3182 |
advmod |
typically,is |
R851 |
T3189 |
T3190 |
det |
a,gene |
R856 |
T3190 |
T3182 |
attr |
gene,is |
R859 |
T3191 |
T3190 |
amod |
known,gene |
R861 |
T3192 |
T3190 |
acl |
containing,gene |
R864 |
T3193 |
T3194 |
det |
a,mutation |
R868 |
T3194 |
T3192 |
dobj |
mutation,containing |
R872 |
T3195 |
T3196 |
advmod |
spontaneously,arisen |
R874 |
T3196 |
T3194 |
amod |
arisen,mutation |
R879 |
T3197 |
T3196 |
cc |
or,arisen |
R883 |
T3198 |
T3196 |
conj |
engineered,arisen |
R886 |
T3199 |
T3194 |
prep |
with,mutation |
R891 |
T3200 |
T3201 |
amod |
major,effects |
R895 |
T3201 |
T3199 |
pobj |
effects,with |
R898 |
T3202 |
T3201 |
amod |
phenotypic,effects |
R903 |
T3203 |
T3194 |
punct |
", ",mutation |
R910 |
T3204 |
T3205 |
amod |
such,as |
R915 |
T3205 |
T3194 |
prep |
as,mutation |
R919 |
T3206 |
T3205 |
pobj |
hg,as |
R923 |
T3207 |
T3208 |
punct |
[,11 |
R925 |
T3208 |
T3182 |
parataxis |
11,is |
R930 |
T3209 |
T3208 |
punct |
",",11 |
R933 |
T3210 |
T3208 |
appos |
19,11 |
R937 |
T3211 |
T3212 |
punct |
-,21 |
R941 |
T3212 |
T3210 |
prep |
21,19 |
R943 |
T3213 |
T3208 |
punct |
],11 |
R944 |
T3214 |
T3182 |
punct |
.,is |
R946 |
T3216 |
T3217 |
nsubj |
Epistasis,forms |
R951 |
T3218 |
T3219 |
det |
the,basis |
R955 |
T3219 |
T3217 |
dobj |
basis,forms |