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PMC:1463023 / 24307-28282 JSONTXT

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craft-ca-core-dev

Below, discontinuous spans are shown in the chain model. You can change it to the bag model.

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T6297 9-13 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6298 68-72 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6299 84-88 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T6300 96-102 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T6301 113-120 SO:0000704 denotes genetic
T6302 153-157 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T6303 162-166 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6304 176-179 PR:000015643 denotes SRY
T6305 184-188 PR:000015435 denotes SOX9
T6306 203-212 GO:0010467 denotes expressed
T6307 216-220 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T6308 228-234 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T6309 292-296 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6310 324-328 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T6311 349-359 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T6312 363-367 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6313 388-393 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T6314 394-405 UBERON:0000080 denotes mesonephros
T6315 430-434 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T6316 457-461 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6317 462-472 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T6318 496-509 GO:0097617 denotes hybridization
T6319 527-533 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T6320 549-553 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T6321 576-586 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T6322 590-594 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6323 644-648 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T6324 662-665 PR:000015643 denotes Sry
T6325 669-673 PR:000015435 denotes Sox9
T6326 702-706 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6327 723-729 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T6328 1321-1325 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T6329 1330-1334 PR:000017444 denotes WNT4
T6330 1393-1397 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6331 1418-1423 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T6332 1484-1488 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T6333 1519-1523 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6334 1532-1536 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6335 1541-1547 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T6336 1588-1592 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T6337 1616-1620 PR:000015435 denotes SOX9
T6338 1621-1631 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T6339 1664-1668 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T6340 1677-1681 PR:000015435 denotes SOX9
T6341 1702-1706 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6342 1711-1717 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T6343 1730-1734 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6344 1742-1748 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T6345 1815-1819 PR:000017444 denotes WNT4
T6346 1824-1828 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T6347 1981-1985 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T6348 2019-2023 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6349 2051-2059 GO:0042571 denotes antibody
T6350 2068-2072 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T6351 2088-2092 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T6352 2097-2106 GO:0010467 denotes expressed
T6353 2110-2114 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6354 2122-2128 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T6355 2140-2144 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6356 2209-2213 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T6357 2244-2248 PR:000017444 denotes WNT4
T6358 2255-2261 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T6359 2978-2982 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T6360 3008-3012 PR:000015435 denotes Sox9
T6361 3035-3039 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6362 3044-3050 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T6363 3069-3079 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T6364 3083-3087 PR:000015435 denotes SOX9
T6365 3111-3115 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6366 3120-3126 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T6367 3148-3156 GO:0042571 denotes antibody
T6368 3165-3169 PR:000015435 denotes SOX9
T6369 3184-3194 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T6370 3225-3229 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6371 3237-3243 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T6372 3415-3428 GO:0097617 denotes hybridization
T6373 3450-3454 PR:000015435 denotes Sox9
T6374 3455-3466 SO:0000673 denotes transcripts
T6375 3479-3483 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6376 3491-3497 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T6377 3512-3516 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6378 3524-3530 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T6379 3579-3585 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T6380 3620-3632 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli cell
T6381 3628-3648 GO:0030154 denotes cell differentiation
T6382 3653-3664 UBERON:0005297 denotes testis cord
T6383 3742-3746 PR:000015435 denotes SOX9
T6384 3785-3788 PR:000015643 denotes Sry
T6385 3832-3836 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6386 3855-3859 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T6387 3892-3909 GO:0007530 denotes sex determination

craft-ca-core-ex-dev

Below, discontinuous spans are shown in the chain model. You can change it to the bag model.

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T6389 9-13 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6390 68-72 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6391 84-88 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T6392 89-90 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T6393 91-92 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T6394 96-102 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T6395 113-120 SO_EXT:0000704 denotes genetic
T6396 153-157 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T6397 162-166 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6398 176-179 PR_EXT:000015643 denotes SRY
T6399 184-188 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes SOX9
T6400 203-212 GO:0010467 denotes expressed
T6401 216-220 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T6402 221-222 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T6403 223-224 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T6404 228-234 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T6405 278-291 GO_EXT:negative_regulation denotes down-regulate
T6406 292-296 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6407 324-328 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T6408 335-348 GO_EXT:negative_regulation denotes down-regulate
T6409 349-359 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T6410 363-367 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6411 388-393 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T6412 394-405 UBERON:0000080 denotes mesonephros
T6413 430-434 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T6414 435-442 CHEBI_PR_EXT:protein denotes protein
T6415 457-461 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6416 462-472 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T6417 496-509 GO:0097617 denotes hybridization
T6418 527-533 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T6419 549-553 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T6420 576-586 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T6421 590-594 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6422 644-648 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T6423 662-665 PR_EXT:000015643 denotes Sry
T6424 669-673 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes Sox9
T6425 688-701 GO_EXT:negative_regulation denotes down-regulate
T6426 702-706 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6427 710-719 SO_EXT:wild_type_entity_or_quality denotes wild-type
T6428 723-729 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T6429 1321-1325 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T6430 1330-1334 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes WNT4
T6431 1393-1397 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6432 1418-1423 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T6433 1448-1452 PATO_UBERON_EXT:male_or_bearer_of_maleness denotes male
T6434 1484-1488 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T6435 1519-1523 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6436 1524-1525 SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present denotes +
T6437 1526-1527 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T6438 1532-1536 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6439 1537-1538 SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present denotes +
T6440 1539-1540 SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present denotes +
T6441 1541-1547 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T6442 1588-1592 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T6443 1616-1620 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes SOX9
T6444 1621-1631 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T6445 1664-1668 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T6446 1677-1681 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes SOX9
T6447 1682-1695 GO_EXT:positive_regulation denotes up-regulation
T6448 1702-1706 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6449 1707-1708 SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present denotes +
T6450 1709-1710 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T6451 1711-1717 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T6452 1730-1734 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6453 1735-1736 SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present denotes +
T6454 1737-1738 SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present denotes +
T6455 1742-1748 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T6456 1815-1819 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes WNT4
T6457 1824-1828 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T6458 1981-1985 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T6459 2019-2023 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6460 2051-2059 GO:0042571 denotes antibody
T6461 2068-2072 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T6462 2088-2092 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T6463 2097-2106 GO:0010467 denotes expressed
T6464 2110-2114 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6465 2115-2116 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T6466 2117-2118 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T6467 2122-2128 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T6468 2140-2144 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6469 2145-2146 SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present denotes +
T6470 2147-2148 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T6471 2209-2213 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T6472 2226-2240 GO_EXT:negative_regulation denotes down-regulated
T6473 2244-2248 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes WNT4
T6474 2255-2261 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T6475 2978-2982 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T6476 2986-3004 GO_EXT:positive_regulator denotes positive regulator
T6477 3008-3012 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes Sox9
T6478 3035-3039 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6479 3040-3041 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T6480 3042-3043 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T6481 3044-3050 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T6482 3069-3079 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T6483 3083-3087 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes SOX9
T6484 3111-3115 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6485 3116-3117 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T6486 3118-3119 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T6487 3120-3126 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T6488 3148-3156 GO:0042571 denotes antibody
T6489 3165-3169 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes SOX9
T6490 3184-3194 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T6491 3209-3221 GO_EXT:positive_regulation denotes up-regulated
T6492 3225-3229 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6493 3230-3231 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T6494 3232-3233 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T6495 3237-3243 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T6496 3301-3315 GO_EXT:negative_regulation denotes down-regulated
T6497 3402-3406 CHEBI_SO_EXT:mRNA denotes mRNA
T6498 3415-3428 GO:0097617 denotes hybridization
T6499 3450-3454 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes Sox9
T6500 3455-3466 SO_EXT:0000673 denotes transcripts
T6501 3479-3483 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6502 3484-3485 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T6503 3486-3487 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T6504 3491-3497 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T6505 3512-3516 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6506 3517-3518 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T6507 3519-3520 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T6508 3524-3530 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T6509 3579-3585 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T6510 3620-3632 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli cell
T6511 3628-3632 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cell
T6512 3628-3648 GO:0030154 denotes cell differentiation
T6513 3653-3664 UBERON:0005297 denotes testis cord
T6514 3725-3738 GO_EXT:positive_regulation denotes up-regulation
T6515 3742-3746 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes SOX9
T6516 3785-3788 PR_EXT:000015643 denotes Sry
T6517 3832-3836 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6518 3841-3854 GO_EXT:positive_regulation denotes up-regulating
T6519 3855-3859 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T6520 3892-3909 GO:0007530 denotes sex determination

craft-sa-dev

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T6522 14-24 VBP denotes Antagonize
T6524 9-13 NN denotes Wnt4
T6525 25-29 DT denotes Each
T6526 30-35 JJ denotes Other
T6527 35-297 sentence denotes Our finding that high levels of Wnt4 persist in Fgf9 −/− XY gonads implies a genetic antagonism specifically between Fgf9 and Wnt4, as both SRY and SOX9 are initially expressed in Fgf9 −/− XY gonads at 11.5 dpc, yet this is not sufficient to down-regulate Wnt4.
T6528 36-39 PRP$ denotes Our
T6529 40-47 NN denotes finding
T6530 103-110 VBZ denotes implies
T6531 48-52 IN denotes that
T6532 73-80 VBP denotes persist
T6533 53-57 JJ denotes high
T6534 58-64 NNS denotes levels
T6535 65-67 IN denotes of
T6536 68-72 NN denotes Wnt4
T6537 81-83 IN denotes in
T6538 84-88 NN denotes Fgf9
T6539 91-92 SYM denotes −
T6540 89-90 SYM denotes −
T6541 90-91 HYPH denotes /
T6542 96-102 NNS denotes gonads
T6543 93-95 NN denotes XY
T6544 111-112 DT denotes a
T6545 121-131 NN denotes antagonism
T6546 113-120 JJ denotes genetic
T6547 132-144 RB denotes specifically
T6548 145-152 IN denotes between
T6549 153-157 NN denotes Fgf9
T6550 158-161 CC denotes and
T6551 162-166 NN denotes Wnt4
T6552 166-168 , denotes ,
T6553 168-170 IN denotes as
T6554 203-212 VBN denotes expressed
T6555 171-175 CC denotes both
T6556 176-179 NN denotes SRY
T6557 180-183 CC denotes and
T6558 184-188 NN denotes SOX9
T6559 189-192 VBP denotes are
T6560 193-202 RB denotes initially
T6561 213-215 IN denotes in
T6562 216-220 NN denotes Fgf9
T6563 228-234 NNS denotes gonads
T6564 221-222 SYM denotes −
T6565 222-223 HYPH denotes /
T6566 223-224 SYM denotes −
T6567 225-227 NN denotes XY
T6568 235-237 IN denotes at
T6569 238-242 CD denotes 11.5
T6570 243-246 NNS denotes dpc
T6571 246-248 , denotes ,
T6572 248-251 CC denotes yet
T6573 252-256 DT denotes this
T6574 257-259 VBZ denotes is
T6575 260-263 RB denotes not
T6576 264-274 JJ denotes sufficient
T6577 275-277 TO denotes to
T6578 283-291 VB denotes regulate
T6579 278-282 RB denotes down
T6580 282-283 HYPH denotes -
T6581 292-296 NN denotes Wnt4
T6582 296-297 . denotes .
T6583 297-510 sentence denotes To test whether exogenous FGF9 could down-regulate expression of Wnt4, we cultured the XX gonad/mesonephros complex with or without FGF9 protein, and examined Wnt4 expression by whole-mount in situ hybridization.
T6584 298-300 TO denotes To
T6585 301-305 VB denotes test
T6586 372-380 VBD denotes cultured
T6587 306-313 IN denotes whether
T6588 340-348 VB denotes regulate
T6589 314-323 JJ denotes exogenous
T6590 324-328 NN denotes FGF9
T6591 329-334 MD denotes could
T6592 335-339 RB denotes down
T6593 339-340 HYPH denotes -
T6594 349-359 NN denotes expression
T6595 360-362 IN denotes of
T6596 363-367 NN denotes Wnt4
T6597 367-369 , denotes ,
T6598 369-371 PRP denotes we
T6599 381-384 DT denotes the
T6600 406-413 NN denotes complex
T6601 385-387 NN denotes XX
T6602 388-393 NN denotes gonad
T6603 394-405 NN denotes mesonephros
T6604 393-394 HYPH denotes /
T6605 414-418 IN denotes with
T6606 419-421 CC denotes or
T6607 422-429 IN denotes without
T6608 430-434 NN denotes FGF9
T6609 435-442 NN denotes protein
T6610 442-444 , denotes ,
T6611 444-447 CC denotes and
T6612 448-456 VBD denotes examined
T6613 457-461 NN denotes Wnt4
T6614 462-472 NN denotes expression
T6615 473-475 IN denotes by
T6616 476-481 JJ denotes whole
T6617 482-487 NN denotes mount
T6618 481-482 HYPH denotes -
T6619 496-509 NN denotes hybridization
T6620 488-490 FW denotes in
T6621 491-495 FW denotes situ
T6622 509-510 . denotes .
T6623 510-730 sentence denotes Treatment of XX gonads with exogenous FGF9 suppressed the normal expression of Wnt4 ( Figure 5A– 5C), supporting the hypothesis that Fgf9, rather than Sry or Sox9, functions to down-regulate Wnt4 in wild-type XY gonads.
T6624 511-520 NN denotes Treatment
T6625 554-564 VBD denotes suppressed
T6626 521-523 IN denotes of
T6627 524-526 NN denotes XX
T6628 527-533 NNS denotes gonads
T6629 534-538 IN denotes with
T6630 539-548 JJ denotes exogenous
T6631 549-553 NN denotes FGF9
T6632 565-568 DT denotes the
T6633 576-586 NN denotes expression
T6634 569-575 JJ denotes normal
T6635 587-589 IN denotes of
T6636 590-594 NN denotes Wnt4
T6637 595-596 -LRB- denotes (
T6638 604-606 NN denotes 5A
T6639 597-603 NN denotes Figure
T6640 606-607 SYM denotes –
T6641 608-610 NN denotes 5C
T6642 610-611 -RRB- denotes )
T6643 611-613 , denotes ,
T6644 613-623 VBG denotes supporting
T6645 624-627 DT denotes the
T6646 628-638 NN denotes hypothesis
T6647 639-643 IN denotes that
T6648 675-684 VBZ denotes functions
T6649 644-648 NN denotes Fgf9
T6650 648-650 , denotes ,
T6651 650-656 RB denotes rather
T6652 657-661 IN denotes than
T6653 662-665 NN denotes Sry
T6654 666-668 CC denotes or
T6655 669-673 NN denotes Sox9
T6656 673-675 , denotes ,
T6657 685-687 TO denotes to
T6658 693-701 VB denotes regulate
T6659 688-692 RB denotes down
T6660 692-693 HYPH denotes -
T6661 702-706 NN denotes Wnt4
T6662 707-709 IN denotes in
T6663 710-714 JJ denotes wild
T6664 715-719 NN denotes type
T6665 714-715 HYPH denotes -
T6666 723-729 NNS denotes gonads
T6667 720-722 NN denotes XY
T6668 729-730 . denotes .
T6669 730-1489 sentence denotes Figure 5 Mutual Antagonism between Fgf9 and Wnt4 (A–C) Wnt4 whole-mount in situ hybridization on gonad cultures. Adding exogenous FGF9 in gonad cultures results in the down-regulation of Wnt4 expression in cultured XX gonads (C). Controls (A and B) were cultured without FGF9 peptide. (D–G) Reduction in the dose of Wnt4 allows FGF9 to induce SOX9 in XX gonads. Immunostaining of SOX9 (red) shows that addition of FGF9 up-regulates SOX9 expression in heterozygous Wnt4 +/− XX gonads (G), but not in Wnt4 +/+ XX gonads (F). PECAM, green. The scale bars represent 50 μm. We reasoned that if FGF9 and WNT4 do act as opposing signals, then reduction in the dose of Wnt4 might render the XX gonad more susceptible to the male-promoting effects of exogenous FGF9.
T6670 1301-1303 PRP denotes We
T6671 1304-1312 VBD denotes reasoned
T6672 1313-1317 IN denotes that
T6673 1404-1410 VB denotes render
T6674 1318-1320 IN denotes if
T6675 1338-1341 VB denotes act
T6676 1321-1325 NN denotes FGF9
T6677 1326-1329 CC denotes and
T6678 1330-1334 NN denotes WNT4
T6679 1335-1337 VBP denotes do
T6680 1342-1344 IN denotes as
T6681 1345-1353 VBG denotes opposing
T6682 1354-1361 NNS denotes signals
T6683 1361-1363 , denotes ,
T6684 1363-1367 RB denotes then
T6685 1368-1377 NN denotes reduction
T6686 1378-1380 IN denotes in
T6687 1381-1384 DT denotes the
T6688 1385-1389 NN denotes dose
T6689 1390-1392 IN denotes of
T6690 1393-1397 NN denotes Wnt4
T6691 1398-1403 MD denotes might
T6692 1411-1414 DT denotes the
T6693 1418-1423 NN denotes gonad
T6694 1415-1417 NN denotes XX
T6695 1424-1428 RBR denotes more
T6696 1429-1440 JJ denotes susceptible
T6697 1441-1443 IN denotes to
T6698 1444-1447 DT denotes the
T6699 1463-1470 NNS denotes effects
T6700 1448-1452 JJ denotes male
T6701 1453-1462 VBG denotes promoting
T6702 1452-1453 HYPH denotes -
T6703 1471-1473 IN denotes of
T6704 1474-1483 JJ denotes exogenous
T6705 1484-1488 NN denotes FGF9
T6706 1488-1489 . denotes .
T6707 1489-1649 sentence denotes To test this possibility, XX Wnt4 +/− and Wnt4 +/+ gonads were cultured in medium with or without FGF9, and were examined for SOX9 expression ( Figure 5D– 5G).
T6708 1490-1492 TO denotes To
T6709 1493-1497 VB denotes test
T6710 1553-1561 VBN denotes cultured
T6711 1498-1502 DT denotes this
T6712 1503-1514 NN denotes possibility
T6713 1514-1516 , denotes ,
T6714 1516-1518 NN denotes XX
T6715 1541-1547 NNS denotes gonads
T6716 1519-1523 NN denotes Wnt4
T6717 1524-1525 SYM denotes +
T6718 1525-1526 HYPH denotes /
T6719 1526-1527 SYM denotes −
T6720 1528-1531 CC denotes and
T6721 1532-1536 NN denotes Wnt4
T6722 1537-1538 SYM denotes +
T6723 1538-1539 HYPH denotes /
T6724 1539-1540 SYM denotes +
T6725 1548-1552 VBD denotes were
T6726 1562-1564 IN denotes in
T6727 1565-1571 NN denotes medium
T6728 1572-1576 IN denotes with
T6729 1577-1579 CC denotes or
T6730 1580-1587 IN denotes without
T6731 1588-1592 NN denotes FGF9
T6732 1592-1594 , denotes ,
T6733 1594-1597 CC denotes and
T6734 1598-1602 VBD denotes were
T6735 1603-1611 VBN denotes examined
T6736 1612-1615 IN denotes for
T6737 1616-1620 NN denotes SOX9
T6738 1621-1631 NN denotes expression
T6739 1632-1633 -LRB- denotes (
T6740 1641-1643 NN denotes 5D
T6741 1634-1640 NN denotes Figure
T6742 1643-1644 SYM denotes –
T6743 1645-1647 NN denotes 5G
T6744 1647-1648 -RRB- denotes )
T6745 1648-1649 . denotes .
T6746 1649-1769 sentence denotes We found that FGF9 induced SOX9 up-regulation in XX Wnt4 +/− gonads, but not in Wnt4 +/+ XX gonads ( Figure 5F and 5G).
T6747 1650-1652 PRP denotes We
T6748 1653-1658 VBD denotes found
T6749 1659-1663 IN denotes that
T6750 1669-1676 VBD denotes induced
T6751 1664-1668 NN denotes FGF9
T6752 1677-1681 NN denotes SOX9
T6753 1685-1695 NN denotes regulation
T6754 1682-1684 JJ denotes up
T6755 1684-1685 HYPH denotes -
T6756 1696-1698 IN denotes in
T6757 1699-1701 NN denotes XX
T6758 1711-1717 NNS denotes gonads
T6759 1702-1706 NN denotes Wnt4
T6760 1707-1708 SYM denotes +
T6761 1708-1709 HYPH denotes /
T6762 1709-1710 SYM denotes −
T6763 1717-1719 , denotes ,
T6764 1719-1722 CC denotes but
T6765 1723-1726 RB denotes not
T6766 1727-1729 IN denotes in
T6767 1730-1734 NN denotes Wnt4
T6768 1742-1748 NNS denotes gonads
T6769 1735-1736 SYM denotes +
T6770 1736-1737 HYPH denotes /
T6771 1737-1738 SYM denotes +
T6772 1739-1741 NN denotes XX
T6773 1749-1750 -LRB- denotes (
T6774 1758-1760 NN denotes 5F
T6775 1751-1757 NN denotes Figure
T6776 1761-1764 CC denotes and
T6777 1765-1767 NN denotes 5G
T6778 1767-1768 -RRB- denotes )
T6779 1768-1769 . denotes .
T6780 1769-1872 sentence denotes These results demonstrate antagonism between WNT4 and FGF9 under in vitro gain-of-function conditions.
T6781 1770-1775 DT denotes These
T6782 1776-1783 NNS denotes results
T6783 1784-1795 VBP denotes demonstrate
T6784 1796-1806 NN denotes antagonism
T6785 1807-1814 IN denotes between
T6786 1815-1819 NN denotes WNT4
T6787 1820-1823 CC denotes and
T6788 1824-1828 NN denotes FGF9
T6789 1829-1834 IN denotes under
T6790 1835-1837 FW denotes in
T6791 1838-1843 FW denotes vitro
T6792 1861-1871 NNS denotes conditions
T6793 1844-1848 NN denotes gain
T6794 1848-1849 HYPH denotes -
T6795 1849-1851 IN denotes of
T6796 1851-1852 HYPH denotes -
T6797 1852-1860 NN denotes function
T6798 1871-1872 . denotes .
T6799 1872-2041 sentence denotes To test antagonism between these factors under loss-of-function conditions in vivo, we investigated whether Fgf9 is derepressed in the absence of Wnt4 ( Figure 6A– 6C).
T6800 1873-1875 TO denotes To
T6801 1876-1880 VB denotes test
T6802 1960-1972 VBD denotes investigated
T6803 1881-1891 NN denotes antagonism
T6804 1892-1899 IN denotes between
T6805 1900-1905 DT denotes these
T6806 1906-1913 NNS denotes factors
T6807 1914-1919 IN denotes under
T6808 1920-1924 NN denotes loss
T6809 1937-1947 NNS denotes conditions
T6810 1924-1925 HYPH denotes -
T6811 1925-1927 IN denotes of
T6812 1927-1928 HYPH denotes -
T6813 1928-1936 NN denotes function
T6814 1948-1950 FW denotes in
T6815 1951-1955 FW denotes vivo
T6816 1955-1957 , denotes ,
T6817 1957-1959 PRP denotes we
T6818 1973-1980 IN denotes whether
T6819 1989-2000 VBN denotes derepressed
T6820 1981-1985 NN denotes Fgf9
T6821 1986-1988 VBZ denotes is
T6822 2001-2003 IN denotes in
T6823 2004-2007 DT denotes the
T6824 2008-2015 NN denotes absence
T6825 2016-2018 IN denotes of
T6826 2019-2023 NN denotes Wnt4
T6827 2024-2025 -LRB- denotes (
T6828 2033-2035 NN denotes 6A
T6829 2026-2032 NN denotes Figure
T6830 2035-2036 SYM denotes –
T6831 2037-2039 NN denotes 6C
T6832 2039-2040 -RRB- denotes )
T6833 2040-2041 . denotes .
T6834 2041-2181 sentence denotes Using an antibody against FGF9, we found that FGF9 was expressed in Wnt4 −/− XX gonads but not in Wnt4 +/− XX controls ( Figure 6B and 6C).
T6835 2042-2047 VBG denotes Using
T6836 2077-2082 VBD denotes found
T6837 2048-2050 DT denotes an
T6838 2051-2059 NN denotes antibody
T6839 2060-2067 IN denotes against
T6840 2068-2072 NN denotes FGF9
T6841 2072-2074 , denotes ,
T6842 2074-2076 PRP denotes we
T6843 2083-2087 IN denotes that
T6844 2097-2106 VBN denotes expressed
T6845 2088-2092 NN denotes FGF9
T6846 2093-2096 VBD denotes was
T6847 2107-2109 IN denotes in
T6848 2110-2114 NN denotes Wnt4
T6849 2122-2128 NNS denotes gonads
T6850 2115-2116 SYM denotes −
T6851 2116-2117 HYPH denotes /
T6852 2117-2118 SYM denotes −
T6853 2119-2121 NN denotes XX
T6854 2129-2132 CC denotes but
T6855 2133-2136 RB denotes not
T6856 2137-2139 IN denotes in
T6857 2140-2144 NN denotes Wnt4
T6858 2152-2160 NNS denotes controls
T6859 2145-2146 SYM denotes +
T6860 2146-2147 HYPH denotes /
T6861 2147-2148 SYM denotes −
T6862 2149-2151 NN denotes XX
T6863 2161-2162 -LRB- denotes (
T6864 2170-2172 NN denotes 6B
T6865 2163-2169 NN denotes Figure
T6866 2173-2176 CC denotes and
T6867 2177-2179 NN denotes 6C
T6868 2179-2180 -RRB- denotes )
T6869 2180-2181 . denotes .
T6870 2181-2262 sentence denotes This result suggested that FGF9 is normally down-regulated by WNT4 in XX gonads.
T6871 2182-2186 DT denotes This
T6872 2187-2193 NN denotes result
T6873 2194-2203 VBD denotes suggested
T6874 2204-2208 IN denotes that
T6875 2231-2240 VBN denotes regulated
T6876 2209-2213 NN denotes FGF9
T6877 2214-2216 VBZ denotes is
T6878 2217-2225 RB denotes normally
T6879 2226-2230 RB denotes down
T6880 2230-2231 HYPH denotes -
T6881 2241-2243 IN denotes by
T6882 2244-2248 NN denotes WNT4
T6883 2249-2251 IN denotes in
T6884 2252-2254 NN denotes XX
T6885 2255-2261 NNS denotes gonads
T6886 2261-2262 . denotes .
T6887 2262-3144 sentence denotes Figure 6 Ectopic Expression of Male Factors, SOX9 and FGF9, in XX Wnt4 −/− Gonads (A–C) FGF9 (red) immunostaining shows that FGF9 is expressed in XX Wnt4 −/− gonads at 12.5 dpc (C) relative to littermate controls (A and B). (D–L) SOX9 (red) immunostaining shows that SOX9 is transiently up-regulated in XX Wnt4 −/− gonads. SOX9 expression is detected in Wnt4 −/− XX gonads at 11.5–12.0 dpc (F and I), albeit at reduced levels compared with XY gonad controls (E-H). SOX9 is not detected in control XX Wnt4 +/− gonads (D-J) or Wnt4 −/− XX gonads at 12.5 dpc (L). The ectopic coelomic vessel in XX Wnt4 −/− gonads [ 28] is indicated by arrowheads. PECAM, green. The scale bars represent 50 μm. Given our finding that FGF9, a positive regulator of Sox9, is derepressed in XX Wnt4 −/− gonads, we asked whether expression of SOX9 might also occur in XX Wnt4 −/− gonads ( Figure 6D– 6L).
T6888 2955-2960 VBN denotes Given
T6889 3055-3060 VBD denotes asked
T6890 2961-2964 PRP$ denotes our
T6891 2965-2972 NN denotes finding
T6892 2973-2977 IN denotes that
T6893 3017-3028 VBN denotes derepressed
T6894 2978-2982 NN denotes FGF9
T6895 2982-2984 , denotes ,
T6896 2984-2985 DT denotes a
T6897 2995-3004 NN denotes regulator
T6898 2986-2994 JJ denotes positive
T6899 3005-3007 IN denotes of
T6900 3008-3012 NN denotes Sox9
T6901 3012-3014 , denotes ,
T6902 3014-3016 VBZ denotes is
T6903 3029-3031 IN denotes in
T6904 3032-3034 NN denotes XX
T6905 3044-3050 NNS denotes gonads
T6906 3035-3039 NN denotes Wnt4
T6907 3040-3041 SYM denotes −
T6908 3041-3042 HYPH denotes /
T6909 3042-3043 SYM denotes −
T6910 3050-3052 , denotes ,
T6911 3052-3054 PRP denotes we
T6912 3061-3068 IN denotes whether
T6913 3099-3104 VB denotes occur
T6914 3069-3079 NN denotes expression
T6915 3080-3082 IN denotes of
T6916 3083-3087 NN denotes SOX9
T6917 3088-3093 MD denotes might
T6918 3094-3098 RB denotes also
T6919 3105-3107 IN denotes in
T6920 3108-3110 NN denotes XX
T6921 3120-3126 NNS denotes gonads
T6922 3111-3115 NN denotes Wnt4
T6923 3116-3117 SYM denotes −
T6924 3117-3118 HYPH denotes /
T6925 3118-3119 SYM denotes −
T6926 3127-3128 -LRB- denotes (
T6927 3136-3138 NN denotes 6D
T6928 3129-3135 NN denotes Figure
T6929 3138-3139 SYM denotes –
T6930 3140-3142 NN denotes 6L
T6931 3142-3143 -RRB- denotes )
T6932 3143-3144 . denotes .
T6933 3144-3371 sentence denotes An antibody against SOX9 revealed that expression was initially up-regulated in Wnt4 −/− XX gonads at 11.5 dpc ( Figure 6F and 6I), although it was rapidly down-regulated by 12.0 dpc and absent at 12.5 dpc ( Figure 6I and 6L).
T6934 3145-3147 DT denotes An
T6935 3148-3156 NN denotes antibody
T6936 3170-3178 VBD denotes revealed
T6937 3157-3164 IN denotes against
T6938 3165-3169 NN denotes SOX9
T6939 3179-3183 IN denotes that
T6940 3212-3221 VBN denotes regulated
T6941 3184-3194 NN denotes expression
T6942 3195-3198 VBD denotes was
T6943 3199-3208 RB denotes initially
T6944 3209-3211 RB denotes up
T6945 3211-3212 HYPH denotes -
T6946 3222-3224 IN denotes in
T6947 3225-3229 NN denotes Wnt4
T6948 3237-3243 NNS denotes gonads
T6949 3230-3231 SYM denotes −
T6950 3231-3232 HYPH denotes /
T6951 3232-3233 SYM denotes −
T6952 3234-3236 NN denotes XX
T6953 3244-3246 IN denotes at
T6954 3247-3251 CD denotes 11.5
T6955 3252-3255 NNS denotes dpc
T6956 3256-3257 -LRB- denotes (
T6957 3265-3267 NN denotes 6F
T6958 3258-3264 NN denotes Figure
T6959 3268-3271 CC denotes and
T6960 3272-3274 NN denotes 6I
T6961 3274-3275 -RRB- denotes )
T6962 3275-3277 , denotes ,
T6963 3277-3285 IN denotes although
T6964 3289-3292 VBD denotes was
T6965 3286-3288 PRP denotes it
T6966 3293-3300 RB denotes rapidly
T6967 3301-3305 RB denotes down
T6968 3306-3315 VBN denotes regulated
T6969 3305-3306 HYPH denotes -
T6970 3316-3318 IN denotes by
T6971 3319-3323 CD denotes 12.0
T6972 3324-3327 NNS denotes dpc
T6973 3328-3331 CC denotes and
T6974 3332-3338 JJ denotes absent
T6975 3339-3341 IN denotes at
T6976 3342-3346 CD denotes 12.5
T6977 3347-3350 NNS denotes dpc
T6978 3351-3352 -LRB- denotes (
T6979 3360-3362 NN denotes 6I
T6980 3353-3359 NN denotes Figure
T6981 3363-3366 CC denotes and
T6982 3367-3369 NN denotes 6L
T6983 3369-3370 -RRB- denotes )
T6984 3370-3371 . denotes .
T6985 3371-3511 sentence denotes This finding was confirmed by mRNA in situ hybridization, which also detected Sox9 transcripts in 11.5 dpc Wnt4 −/− XX gonads ( Figure S1).
T6986 3372-3376 DT denotes This
T6987 3377-3384 NN denotes finding
T6988 3389-3398 VBN denotes confirmed
T6989 3385-3388 VBD denotes was
T6990 3399-3401 IN denotes by
T6991 3402-3406 NN denotes mRNA
T6992 3415-3428 NN denotes hybridization
T6993 3407-3409 FW denotes in
T6994 3410-3414 FW denotes situ
T6995 3428-3430 , denotes ,
T6996 3430-3435 WDT denotes which
T6997 3441-3449 VBD denotes detected
T6998 3436-3440 RB denotes also
T6999 3450-3454 NN denotes Sox9
T7000 3455-3466 NNS denotes transcripts
T7001 3467-3469 IN denotes in
T7002 3470-3474 CD denotes 11.5
T7003 3475-3478 NN denotes dpc
T7004 3491-3497 NNS denotes gonads
T7005 3479-3483 NN denotes Wnt4
T7006 3484-3485 SYM denotes −
T7007 3485-3486 HYPH denotes /
T7008 3486-3487 SYM denotes −
T7009 3488-3490 NN denotes XX
T7010 3498-3499 -LRB- denotes (
T7011 3507-3509 NN denotes S1
T7012 3500-3506 NN denotes Figure
T7013 3509-3510 -RRB- denotes )
T7014 3510-3511 . denotes .
T7015 3511-3688 sentence denotes Wnt4 −/− XX gonads do not increase in size comparable to normal XY gonads ( Figure 6C, 6F, 6I, and 6L), and Sertoli cell differentiation and testis cord formation do not occur.
T7016 3512-3516 NN denotes Wnt4
T7017 3524-3530 NNS denotes gonads
T7018 3517-3518 SYM denotes −
T7019 3518-3519 HYPH denotes /
T7020 3519-3520 SYM denotes −
T7021 3521-3523 NN denotes XX
T7022 3538-3546 VB denotes increase
T7023 3531-3533 VBP denotes do
T7024 3534-3537 RB denotes not
T7025 3547-3549 IN denotes in
T7026 3550-3554 NN denotes size
T7027 3555-3565 JJ denotes comparable
T7028 3566-3568 IN denotes to
T7029 3569-3575 JJ denotes normal
T7030 3579-3585 NNS denotes gonads
T7031 3576-3578 NN denotes XY
T7032 3586-3587 -LRB- denotes (
T7033 3595-3597 NN denotes 6C
T7034 3588-3594 NN denotes Figure
T7035 3597-3599 , denotes ,
T7036 3599-3601 NN denotes 6F
T7037 3601-3603 , denotes ,
T7038 3603-3605 NN denotes 6I
T7039 3605-3607 , denotes ,
T7040 3607-3610 CC denotes and
T7041 3611-3613 NN denotes 6L
T7042 3613-3614 -RRB- denotes )
T7043 3614-3616 , denotes ,
T7044 3616-3619 CC denotes and
T7045 3620-3627 NN denotes Sertoli
T7046 3628-3632 NN denotes cell
T7047 3633-3648 NN denotes differentiation
T7048 3682-3687 VB denotes occur
T7049 3649-3652 CC denotes and
T7050 3653-3659 NN denotes testis
T7051 3660-3664 NN denotes cord
T7052 3665-3674 NN denotes formation
T7053 3675-3677 VBP denotes do
T7054 3678-3681 RB denotes not
T7055 3687-3688 . denotes .
T7056 3688-3975 sentence denotes Nevertheless, it is noteworthy that up-regulation of SOX9 occurs in this case in the absence of Sry, by eliminating the antagonistic effect of Wnt4 and up-regulating FGF9, supporting our hypothesis that sex determination occurs by tipping the balance between these two opposing signals.
T7057 3689-3701 RB denotes Nevertheless
T7058 3706-3708 VBZ denotes is
T7059 3701-3703 , denotes ,
T7060 3703-3705 PRP denotes it
T7061 3709-3719 JJ denotes noteworthy
T7062 3720-3724 IN denotes that
T7063 3747-3753 VBZ denotes occurs
T7064 3725-3727 JJ denotes up
T7065 3728-3738 NN denotes regulation
T7066 3727-3728 HYPH denotes -
T7067 3739-3741 IN denotes of
T7068 3742-3746 NN denotes SOX9
T7069 3754-3756 IN denotes in
T7070 3757-3761 DT denotes this
T7071 3762-3766 NN denotes case
T7072 3767-3769 IN denotes in
T7073 3770-3773 DT denotes the
T7074 3774-3781 NN denotes absence
T7075 3782-3784 IN denotes of
T7076 3785-3788 NN denotes Sry
T7077 3788-3790 , denotes ,
T7078 3790-3792 IN denotes by
T7079 3793-3804 VBG denotes eliminating
T7080 3805-3808 DT denotes the
T7081 3822-3828 NN denotes effect
T7082 3809-3821 JJ denotes antagonistic
T7083 3829-3831 IN denotes of
T7084 3832-3836 NN denotes Wnt4
T7085 3837-3840 CC denotes and
T7086 3841-3843 RB denotes up
T7087 3844-3854 VBG denotes regulating
T7088 3843-3844 HYPH denotes -
T7089 3855-3859 NN denotes FGF9
T7090 3859-3861 , denotes ,
T7091 3861-3871 VBG denotes supporting
T7092 3872-3875 PRP$ denotes our
T7093 3876-3886 NN denotes hypothesis
T7094 3887-3891 IN denotes that
T7095 3910-3916 VBZ denotes occurs
T7096 3892-3895 NN denotes sex
T7097 3896-3909 NN denotes determination
T7098 3917-3919 IN denotes by
T7099 3920-3927 VBG denotes tipping
T7100 3928-3931 DT denotes the
T7101 3932-3939 NN denotes balance
T7102 3940-3947 IN denotes between
T7103 3948-3953 DT denotes these
T7104 3967-3974 NNS denotes signals
T7105 3954-3957 CD denotes two
T7106 3958-3966 VBG denotes opposing
T7107 3974-3975 . denotes .
R3670 T6525 T6526 det Each,Other
R3671 T6526 T6522 dobj Other,Antagonize
R3672 T6528 T6529 poss Our,finding
R3673 T6529 T6530 nsubj finding,implies
R3674 T6531 T6532 mark that,persist
R3675 T6532 T6529 acl persist,finding
R3676 T6533 T6534 amod high,levels
R3677 T6534 T6532 nsubj levels,persist
R3678 T6535 T6534 prep of,levels
R3679 T6536 T6535 pobj Wnt4,of
R3680 T6537 T6532 prep in,persist
R3681 T6538 T6539 nmod Fgf9,−
R3682 T6539 T6542 punct −,gonads
R3683 T6540 T6539 punct −,−
R3684 T6541 T6539 punct /,−
R3685 T6542 T6537 pobj gonads,in
R3686 T6543 T6542 compound XY,gonads
R3687 T6544 T6545 det a,antagonism
R3688 T6545 T6530 dobj antagonism,implies
R3689 T6546 T6545 amod genetic,antagonism
R3690 T6547 T6530 advmod specifically,implies
R3691 T6548 T6530 prep between,implies
R3692 T6549 T6548 pobj Fgf9,between
R3693 T6550 T6549 cc and,Fgf9
R3694 T6551 T6549 conj Wnt4,Fgf9
R3695 T6552 T6530 punct ", ",implies
R3696 T6553 T6554 mark as,expressed
R3697 T6554 T6530 advcl expressed,implies
R3698 T6555 T6556 preconj both,SRY
R3699 T6556 T6554 nsubjpass SRY,expressed
R3700 T6557 T6556 cc and,SRY
R3701 T6558 T6556 conj SOX9,SRY
R3702 T6559 T6554 auxpass are,expressed
R3703 T6560 T6554 advmod initially,expressed
R3704 T6561 T6554 prep in,expressed
R3705 T6562 T6563 nmod Fgf9,gonads
R3706 T6563 T6561 pobj gonads,in
R3707 T6564 T6562 punct −,Fgf9
R3708 T6565 T6562 punct /,Fgf9
R3709 T6566 T6562 punct −,Fgf9
R3710 T6567 T6563 compound XY,gonads
R3711 T6568 T6563 prep at,gonads
R3712 T6569 T6570 nummod 11.5,dpc
R3713 T6570 T6568 pobj dpc,at
R3714 T6571 T6554 punct ", ",expressed
R3715 T6572 T6554 cc yet,expressed
R3716 T6573 T6574 nsubj this,is
R3717 T6574 T6554 conj is,expressed
R3718 T6575 T6574 neg not,is
R3719 T6576 T6574 acomp sufficient,is
R3720 T6577 T6578 aux to,regulate
R3721 T6578 T6576 xcomp regulate,sufficient
R3722 T6579 T6578 advmod down,regulate
R3723 T6580 T6578 punct -,regulate
R3724 T6581 T6578 dobj Wnt4,regulate
R3725 T6582 T6530 punct .,implies
R3726 T6584 T6585 aux To,test
R3727 T6585 T6586 advcl test,cultured
R3728 T6587 T6588 mark whether,regulate
R3729 T6588 T6585 ccomp regulate,test
R3730 T6589 T6590 amod exogenous,FGF9
R3731 T6590 T6588 nsubj FGF9,regulate
R3732 T6591 T6588 aux could,regulate
R3733 T6592 T6588 advmod down,regulate
R3734 T6593 T6588 punct -,regulate
R3735 T6594 T6588 dobj expression,regulate
R3736 T6595 T6594 prep of,expression
R3737 T6596 T6595 pobj Wnt4,of
R3738 T6597 T6586 punct ", ",cultured
R3739 T6598 T6586 nsubj we,cultured
R3740 T6599 T6600 det the,complex
R3741 T6600 T6586 dobj complex,cultured
R3742 T6601 T6600 compound XX,complex
R3743 T6602 T6603 compound gonad,mesonephros
R3744 T6603 T6600 compound mesonephros,complex
R3745 T6604 T6603 punct /,mesonephros
R3746 T6605 T6586 prep with,cultured
R3747 T6606 T6605 cc or,with
R3748 T6607 T6605 conj without,with
R3749 T6608 T6609 compound FGF9,protein
R3750 T6609 T6607 pobj protein,without
R3751 T6610 T6586 punct ", ",cultured
R3752 T6611 T6586 cc and,cultured
R3753 T6612 T6586 conj examined,cultured
R3754 T6613 T6614 compound Wnt4,expression
R3755 T6614 T6612 dobj expression,examined
R3756 T6615 T6612 prep by,examined
R3757 T6616 T6617 amod whole,mount
R3758 T6617 T6619 nmod mount,hybridization
R3759 T6618 T6617 punct -,mount
R3760 T6619 T6615 pobj hybridization,by
R3761 T6620 T6621 advmod in,situ
R3762 T6621 T6619 amod situ,hybridization
R3763 T6622 T6586 punct .,cultured
R3764 T6624 T6625 nsubj Treatment,suppressed
R3765 T6626 T6624 prep of,Treatment
R3766 T6627 T6628 compound XX,gonads
R3767 T6628 T6626 pobj gonads,of
R3768 T6629 T6624 prep with,Treatment
R3769 T6630 T6631 amod exogenous,FGF9
R3770 T6631 T6629 pobj FGF9,with
R3771 T6632 T6633 det the,expression
R3772 T6633 T6625 dobj expression,suppressed
R3773 T6634 T6633 amod normal,expression
R3774 T6635 T6633 prep of,expression
R3775 T6636 T6635 pobj Wnt4,of
R3776 T6637 T6638 punct (,5A
R3777 T6638 T6625 parataxis 5A,suppressed
R3778 T6639 T6638 compound Figure,5A
R3779 T6640 T6641 punct –,5C
R3780 T6641 T6638 prep 5C,5A
R3781 T6642 T6638 punct ),5A
R3782 T6643 T6625 punct ", ",suppressed
R3783 T6644 T6625 advcl supporting,suppressed
R3784 T6645 T6646 det the,hypothesis
R3785 T6646 T6644 dobj hypothesis,supporting
R3786 T6647 T6648 mark that,functions
R3787 T6648 T6646 acl functions,hypothesis
R3788 T6649 T6648 nsubj Fgf9,functions
R3789 T6650 T6649 punct ", ",Fgf9
R3790 T6651 T6652 advmod rather,than
R3791 T6652 T6649 cc than,Fgf9
R3792 T6653 T6649 conj Sry,Fgf9
R3793 T6654 T6653 cc or,Sry
R3794 T6655 T6653 conj Sox9,Sry
R3795 T6656 T6648 punct ", ",functions
R3796 T6657 T6658 aux to,regulate
R3797 T6658 T6648 advcl regulate,functions
R3798 T6659 T6658 advmod down,regulate
R3799 T6660 T6658 punct -,regulate
R3800 T6661 T6658 dobj Wnt4,regulate
R3801 T6662 T6658 prep in,regulate
R3802 T6663 T6664 amod wild,type
R3803 T6664 T6666 compound type,gonads
R3804 T6665 T6664 punct -,type
R3805 T6666 T6662 pobj gonads,in
R3806 T6667 T6666 compound XY,gonads
R3807 T6668 T6625 punct .,suppressed
R3808 T6670 T6671 nsubj We,reasoned
R3809 T6672 T6673 mark that,render
R3810 T6673 T6671 ccomp render,reasoned
R3811 T6674 T6675 mark if,act
R3812 T6675 T6673 advcl act,render
R3813 T6676 T6675 nsubj FGF9,act
R3814 T6677 T6676 cc and,FGF9
R3815 T6678 T6676 conj WNT4,FGF9
R3816 T6679 T6675 aux do,act
R3817 T6680 T6675 prep as,act
R3818 T6681 T6682 amod opposing,signals
R3819 T6682 T6680 pobj signals,as
R3820 T6683 T6673 punct ", ",render
R3821 T6684 T6673 advmod then,render
R3822 T6685 T6673 nsubj reduction,render
R3823 T6686 T6685 prep in,reduction
R3824 T6687 T6688 det the,dose
R3825 T6688 T6686 pobj dose,in
R3826 T6689 T6688 prep of,dose
R3827 T6690 T6689 pobj Wnt4,of
R3828 T6691 T6673 aux might,render
R3829 T6692 T6693 det the,gonad
R3830 T6693 T6673 dobj gonad,render
R3831 T6694 T6693 compound XX,gonad
R3832 T6695 T6696 advmod more,susceptible
R3833 T6696 T6673 oprd susceptible,render
R3834 T6697 T6696 prep to,susceptible
R3835 T6698 T6699 det the,effects
R3836 T6699 T6697 pobj effects,to
R3837 T6700 T6701 amod male,promoting
R3838 T6701 T6699 amod promoting,effects
R3839 T6702 T6701 punct -,promoting
R3840 T6703 T6699 prep of,effects
R3841 T6704 T6705 amod exogenous,FGF9
R3842 T6705 T6703 pobj FGF9,of
R3843 T6706 T6671 punct .,reasoned
R3844 T6708 T6709 aux To,test
R3845 T6709 T6710 advcl test,cultured
R3846 T6711 T6712 det this,possibility
R3847 T6712 T6709 dobj possibility,test
R3848 T6713 T6710 punct ", ",cultured
R3849 T6714 T6715 nmod XX,gonads
R3850 T6715 T6710 nsubjpass gonads,cultured
R3851 T6716 T6715 nmod Wnt4,gonads
R3852 T6717 T6716 punct +,Wnt4
R3853 T6718 T6716 punct /,Wnt4
R3854 T6719 T6716 punct −,Wnt4
R3855 T6720 T6716 cc and,Wnt4
R3856 T6721 T6716 conj Wnt4,Wnt4
R3857 T6722 T6721 punct +,Wnt4
R3858 T6723 T6721 punct /,Wnt4
R3859 T6724 T6721 punct +,Wnt4
R3860 T6725 T6710 auxpass were,cultured
R3861 T6726 T6710 prep in,cultured
R3862 T6727 T6726 pobj medium,in
R3863 T6728 T6710 prep with,cultured
R3864 T6729 T6728 cc or,with
R3865 T6730 T6728 conj without,with
R3866 T6731 T6730 pobj FGF9,without
R3867 T6732 T6710 punct ", ",cultured
R3868 T6733 T6710 cc and,cultured
R3869 T6734 T6735 auxpass were,examined
R3870 T6735 T6710 conj examined,cultured
R3871 T6736 T6735 prep for,examined
R3872 T6737 T6738 compound SOX9,expression
R3873 T6738 T6736 pobj expression,for
R3874 T6739 T6740 punct (,5D
R3875 T6740 T6735 parataxis 5D,examined
R3876 T6741 T6740 compound Figure,5D
R3877 T6742 T6743 punct –,5G
R3878 T6743 T6740 prep 5G,5D
R3879 T6744 T6740 punct ),5D
R3880 T6745 T6710 punct .,cultured
R3881 T6747 T6748 nsubj We,found
R3882 T6749 T6750 mark that,induced
R3883 T6750 T6748 ccomp induced,found
R3884 T6751 T6750 nsubj FGF9,induced
R3885 T6752 T6753 nmod SOX9,regulation
R3886 T6753 T6750 dobj regulation,induced
R3887 T6754 T6753 amod up,regulation
R3888 T6755 T6753 punct -,regulation
R3889 T6756 T6750 prep in,induced
R3890 T6757 T6758 nmod XX,gonads
R3891 T6758 T6756 pobj gonads,in
R3892 T6759 T6758 nmod Wnt4,gonads
R3893 T6760 T6759 punct +,Wnt4
R3894 T6761 T6759 punct /,Wnt4
R3895 T6762 T6759 punct −,Wnt4
R3896 T6763 T6756 punct ", ",in
R3897 T6764 T6756 cc but,in
R3898 T6765 T6764 neg not,but
R3899 T6766 T6756 conj in,in
R3900 T6767 T6768 nmod Wnt4,gonads
R3901 T6768 T6766 pobj gonads,in
R3902 T6769 T6767 punct +,Wnt4
R3903 T6770 T6767 punct /,Wnt4
R3904 T6771 T6767 punct +,Wnt4
R3905 T6772 T6768 compound XX,gonads
R3906 T6773 T6774 punct (,5F
R3907 T6774 T6748 parataxis 5F,found
R3908 T6775 T6774 compound Figure,5F
R3909 T6776 T6774 cc and,5F
R3910 T6777 T6774 conj 5G,5F
R3911 T6778 T6774 punct ),5F
R3912 T6779 T6748 punct .,found
R3913 T6781 T6782 det These,results
R3914 T6782 T6783 nsubj results,demonstrate
R3915 T6784 T6783 dobj antagonism,demonstrate
R3916 T6785 T6784 prep between,antagonism
R3917 T6786 T6785 pobj WNT4,between
R3918 T6787 T6786 cc and,WNT4
R3919 T6788 T6786 conj FGF9,WNT4
R3920 T6789 T6784 prep under,antagonism
R3921 T6790 T6791 advmod in,vitro
R3922 T6791 T6792 amod vitro,conditions
R3923 T6792 T6789 pobj conditions,under
R3924 T6793 T6792 nmod gain,conditions
R3925 T6794 T6793 punct -,gain
R3926 T6795 T6793 prep of,gain
R3927 T6796 T6795 punct -,of
R3928 T6797 T6795 pobj function,of
R3929 T6798 T6783 punct .,demonstrate
R3930 T6800 T6801 aux To,test
R3931 T6801 T6802 advcl test,investigated
R3932 T6803 T6801 dobj antagonism,test
R3933 T6804 T6803 prep between,antagonism
R3934 T6805 T6806 det these,factors
R3935 T6806 T6804 pobj factors,between
R3936 T6807 T6801 prep under,test
R3937 T6808 T6809 nmod loss,conditions
R3938 T6809 T6807 pobj conditions,under
R3939 T6810 T6808 punct -,loss
R3940 T6811 T6808 prep of,loss
R3941 T6812 T6811 punct -,of
R3942 T6813 T6811 pobj function,of
R3943 T6814 T6815 advmod in,vivo
R3944 T6815 T6801 advmod vivo,test
R3945 T6816 T6802 punct ", ",investigated
R3946 T6817 T6802 nsubj we,investigated
R3947 T6818 T6819 mark whether,derepressed
R3948 T6819 T6802 ccomp derepressed,investigated
R3949 T6820 T6819 nsubjpass Fgf9,derepressed
R3950 T6821 T6819 auxpass is,derepressed
R3951 T6822 T6819 prep in,derepressed
R3952 T6823 T6824 det the,absence
R3953 T6824 T6822 pobj absence,in
R3954 T6825 T6824 prep of,absence
R3955 T6826 T6825 pobj Wnt4,of
R3956 T6827 T6828 punct (,6A
R3957 T6828 T6802 parataxis 6A,investigated
R3958 T6829 T6828 compound Figure,6A
R3959 T6830 T6831 punct –,6C
R3960 T6831 T6828 prep 6C,6A
R3961 T6832 T6828 punct ),6A
R3962 T6833 T6802 punct .,investigated
R3963 T6835 T6836 advcl Using,found
R3964 T6837 T6838 det an,antibody
R3965 T6838 T6835 dobj antibody,Using
R3966 T6839 T6838 prep against,antibody
R3967 T6840 T6839 pobj FGF9,against
R3968 T6841 T6836 punct ", ",found
R3969 T6842 T6836 nsubj we,found
R3970 T6843 T6844 mark that,expressed
R3971 T6844 T6836 ccomp expressed,found
R3972 T6845 T6844 nsubjpass FGF9,expressed
R3973 T6846 T6844 auxpass was,expressed
R3974 T6847 T6844 prep in,expressed
R3975 T6848 T6849 nmod Wnt4,gonads
R3976 T6849 T6847 pobj gonads,in
R3977 T6850 T6848 punct −,Wnt4
R3978 T6851 T6848 punct /,Wnt4
R3979 T6852 T6848 punct −,Wnt4
R3980 T6853 T6849 compound XX,gonads
R3981 T6854 T6847 cc but,in
R3982 T6855 T6854 neg not,but
R3983 T6856 T6847 conj in,in
R3984 T6857 T6858 nmod Wnt4,controls
R3985 T6858 T6856 pobj controls,in
R3986 T6859 T6857 punct +,Wnt4
R3987 T6860 T6857 punct /,Wnt4
R3988 T6861 T6857 punct −,Wnt4
R3989 T6862 T6858 compound XX,controls
R3990 T6863 T6864 punct (,6B
R3991 T6864 T6836 parataxis 6B,found
R3992 T6865 T6864 compound Figure,6B
R3993 T6866 T6864 cc and,6B
R3994 T6867 T6864 conj 6C,6B
R3995 T6868 T6864 punct ),6B
R3996 T6869 T6836 punct .,found
R3997 T6871 T6872 det This,result
R3998 T6872 T6873 nsubj result,suggested
R3999 T6874 T6875 mark that,regulated
R4000 T6875 T6873 ccomp regulated,suggested
R4001 T6876 T6875 nsubjpass FGF9,regulated
R4002 T6877 T6875 auxpass is,regulated
R4003 T6878 T6875 advmod normally,regulated
R4004 T6879 T6875 advmod down,regulated
R4005 T6880 T6875 punct -,regulated
R4006 T6881 T6875 prep by,regulated
R4007 T6882 T6881 pobj WNT4,by
R4008 T6883 T6875 prep in,regulated
R4009 T6884 T6885 compound XX,gonads
R4010 T6885 T6883 pobj gonads,in
R4011 T6886 T6873 punct .,suggested
R4012 T6888 T6889 prep Given,asked
R4013 T6890 T6891 poss our,finding
R4014 T6891 T6888 pobj finding,Given
R4015 T6892 T6893 mark that,derepressed
R4016 T6893 T6891 acl derepressed,finding
R4017 T6894 T6893 nsubjpass FGF9,derepressed
R4018 T6895 T6894 punct ", ",FGF9
R4019 T6896 T6897 det a,regulator
R4020 T6897 T6894 appos regulator,FGF9
R4021 T6898 T6897 amod positive,regulator
R4022 T6899 T6897 prep of,regulator
R4023 T6900 T6899 pobj Sox9,of
R4024 T6901 T6893 punct ", ",derepressed
R4025 T6902 T6893 auxpass is,derepressed
R4026 T6903 T6893 prep in,derepressed
R4027 T6904 T6905 nmod XX,gonads
R4028 T6905 T6903 pobj gonads,in
R4029 T6906 T6905 nmod Wnt4,gonads
R4030 T6907 T6906 punct −,Wnt4
R4031 T6908 T6906 punct /,Wnt4
R4032 T6909 T6906 punct −,Wnt4
R4033 T6910 T6889 punct ", ",asked
R4034 T6911 T6889 nsubj we,asked
R4035 T6912 T6913 mark whether,occur
R4036 T6913 T6889 ccomp occur,asked
R4037 T6914 T6913 nsubj expression,occur
R4038 T6915 T6914 prep of,expression
R4039 T6916 T6915 pobj SOX9,of
R4040 T6917 T6913 aux might,occur
R4041 T6918 T6913 advmod also,occur
R4042 T6919 T6913 prep in,occur
R4043 T6920 T6921 nmod XX,gonads
R4044 T6921 T6919 pobj gonads,in
R4045 T6922 T6921 nmod Wnt4,gonads
R4046 T6923 T6922 punct −,Wnt4
R4047 T6924 T6922 punct /,Wnt4
R4048 T6925 T6922 punct −,Wnt4
R4049 T6926 T6927 punct (,6D
R4050 T6927 T6889 parataxis 6D,asked
R4051 T6928 T6927 compound Figure,6D
R4052 T6929 T6930 punct –,6L
R4053 T6930 T6927 prep 6L,6D
R4054 T6931 T6927 punct ),6D
R4055 T6932 T6889 punct .,asked
R4056 T6934 T6935 det An,antibody
R4057 T6935 T6936 nsubj antibody,revealed
R4058 T6937 T6935 prep against,antibody
R4059 T6938 T6937 pobj SOX9,against
R4060 T6939 T6940 mark that,regulated
R4061 T6940 T6936 ccomp regulated,revealed
R4062 T6941 T6940 nsubjpass expression,regulated
R4063 T6942 T6940 auxpass was,regulated
R4064 T6943 T6940 advmod initially,regulated
R4065 T6944 T6940 advmod up,regulated
R4066 T6945 T6940 punct -,regulated
R4067 T6946 T6940 prep in,regulated
R4068 T6947 T6948 nmod Wnt4,gonads
R4069 T6948 T6946 pobj gonads,in
R4070 T6949 T6947 punct −,Wnt4
R4071 T6950 T6947 punct /,Wnt4
R4072 T6951 T6947 punct −,Wnt4
R4073 T6952 T6948 compound XX,gonads
R4074 T6953 T6948 prep at,gonads
R4075 T6954 T6955 nummod 11.5,dpc
R4076 T6955 T6953 pobj dpc,at
R4077 T6956 T6957 punct (,6F
R4078 T6957 T6940 parataxis 6F,regulated
R4079 T6958 T6957 compound Figure,6F
R4080 T6959 T6957 cc and,6F
R4081 T6960 T6957 conj 6I,6F
R4082 T6961 T6957 punct ),6F
R4083 T6962 T6940 punct ", ",regulated
R4084 T6963 T6964 mark although,was
R4085 T6964 T6940 advcl was,regulated
R4086 T6965 T6964 nsubj it,was
R4087 T6966 T6964 advmod rapidly,was
R4088 T6967 T6968 advmod down,regulated
R4089 T6968 T6964 dep regulated,was
R4090 T6969 T6968 punct -,regulated
R4091 T6970 T6968 prep by,regulated
R4092 T6971 T6972 nummod 12.0,dpc
R4093 T6972 T6970 pobj dpc,by
R4094 T6973 T6968 cc and,regulated
R4095 T6974 T6968 conj absent,regulated
R4096 T6975 T6974 prep at,absent
R4097 T6976 T6977 nummod 12.5,dpc
R4098 T6977 T6975 pobj dpc,at
R4099 T6978 T6979 punct (,6I
R4100 T6979 T6936 parataxis 6I,revealed
R4101 T6980 T6979 compound Figure,6I
R4102 T6981 T6979 cc and,6I
R4103 T6982 T6979 conj 6L,6I
R4104 T6983 T6979 punct ),6I
R4105 T6984 T6936 punct .,revealed
R4106 T6986 T6987 det This,finding
R4107 T6987 T6988 nsubjpass finding,confirmed
R4108 T6989 T6988 auxpass was,confirmed
R4109 T6990 T6988 agent by,confirmed
R4110 T6991 T6992 nmod mRNA,hybridization
R4111 T6992 T6990 pobj hybridization,by
R4112 T6993 T6994 advmod in,situ
R4113 T6994 T6992 amod situ,hybridization
R4114 T6995 T6992 punct ", ",hybridization
R4115 T6996 T6997 dep which,detected
R4116 T6997 T6992 relcl detected,hybridization
R4117 T6998 T6997 advmod also,detected
R4118 T6999 T7000 compound Sox9,transcripts
R4119 T7000 T6997 dobj transcripts,detected
R4120 T7001 T6997 prep in,detected
R4121 T7002 T7003 nummod 11.5,dpc
R4122 T7003 T7004 nmod dpc,gonads
R4123 T7004 T7001 pobj gonads,in
R4124 T7005 T7004 nmod Wnt4,gonads
R4125 T7006 T7005 punct −,Wnt4
R4126 T7007 T7005 punct /,Wnt4
R4127 T7008 T7005 punct −,Wnt4
R4128 T7009 T7004 compound XX,gonads
R4129 T7010 T7011 punct (,S1
R4130 T7011 T6988 parataxis S1,confirmed
R4131 T7012 T7011 compound Figure,S1
R4132 T7013 T7011 punct ),S1
R4133 T7014 T6988 punct .,confirmed
R4134 T7016 T7017 nmod Wnt4,gonads
R4135 T7017 T7022 nsubj gonads,increase
R4136 T7018 T7016 punct −,Wnt4
R4137 T7019 T7016 punct /,Wnt4
R4138 T7020 T7016 punct −,Wnt4
R4139 T7021 T7017 compound XX,gonads
R4140 T7023 T7022 aux do,increase
R4141 T7024 T7022 neg not,increase
R4142 T7025 T7022 prep in,increase
R4143 T7026 T7025 pobj size,in
R4144 T7027 T7022 advcl comparable,increase
R4145 T7028 T7027 prep to,comparable
R4146 T7029 T7030 amod normal,gonads
R4147 T7030 T7028 pobj gonads,to
R4148 T7031 T7030 compound XY,gonads
R4149 T7032 T7033 punct (,6C
R4150 T7033 T7022 parataxis 6C,increase
R4151 T7034 T7033 compound Figure,6C
R4152 T7035 T7033 punct ", ",6C
R4153 T7036 T7033 conj 6F,6C
R4154 T7037 T7036 punct ", ",6F
R4155 T7038 T7036 conj 6I,6F
R4156 T7039 T7038 punct ", ",6I
R4157 T7040 T7038 cc and,6I
R4158 T7041 T7038 conj 6L,6I
R4159 T7042 T7033 punct ),6C
R4160 T7043 T7022 punct ", ",increase
R4161 T7044 T7022 cc and,increase
R4162 T7045 T7046 compound Sertoli,cell
R4163 T7046 T7047 compound cell,differentiation
R4164 T7047 T7048 nsubj differentiation,occur
R4165 T7048 T7022 conj occur,increase
R4166 T7049 T7047 cc and,differentiation
R4167 T7050 T7051 compound testis,cord
R4168 T7051 T7052 compound cord,formation
R4169 T7052 T7047 conj formation,differentiation
R4170 T7053 T7048 aux do,occur
R4171 T7054 T7048 neg not,occur
R4172 T7055 T7048 punct .,occur
R4173 T7057 T7058 advmod Nevertheless,is
R4174 T7059 T7058 punct ", ",is
R4175 T7060 T7058 nsubj it,is
R4176 T7061 T7058 acomp noteworthy,is
R4177 T7062 T7063 mark that,occurs
R4178 T7063 T7058 ccomp occurs,is
R4179 T7064 T7065 amod up,regulation
R4180 T7065 T7063 nsubj regulation,occurs
R4181 T7066 T7065 punct -,regulation
R4182 T7067 T7065 prep of,regulation
R4183 T7068 T7067 pobj SOX9,of
R4184 T7069 T7063 prep in,occurs
R4185 T7070 T7071 det this,case
R4186 T7071 T7069 pobj case,in
R4187 T7072 T7063 prep in,occurs
R4188 T7073 T7074 det the,absence
R4189 T7074 T7072 pobj absence,in
R4190 T7075 T7074 prep of,absence
R4191 T7076 T7075 pobj Sry,of
R4192 T7077 T7063 punct ", ",occurs
R4193 T7078 T7063 prep by,occurs
R4194 T7079 T7078 pcomp eliminating,by
R4195 T7080 T7081 det the,effect
R4196 T7081 T7079 dobj effect,eliminating
R4197 T7082 T7081 amod antagonistic,effect
R4198 T7083 T7081 prep of,effect
R4199 T7084 T7083 pobj Wnt4,of
R4200 T7085 T7079 cc and,eliminating
R4201 T7086 T7087 advmod up,regulating
R4202 T7087 T7079 conj regulating,eliminating
R4203 T7088 T7087 punct -,regulating
R4204 T7089 T7087 dobj FGF9,regulating
R4205 T7090 T7058 punct ", ",is
R4206 T7091 T7058 advcl supporting,is
R4207 T7092 T7093 poss our,hypothesis
R4208 T7093 T7091 dobj hypothesis,supporting
R4209 T7094 T7095 mark that,occurs
R4210 T7095 T7093 acl occurs,hypothesis
R4211 T7096 T7097 compound sex,determination
R4212 T7097 T7095 nsubj determination,occurs
R4213 T7098 T7095 prep by,occurs
R4214 T7099 T7098 pcomp tipping,by
R4215 T7100 T7101 det the,balance
R4216 T7101 T7099 dobj balance,tipping
R4217 T7102 T7101 prep between,balance
R4218 T7103 T7104 det these,signals
R4219 T7104 T7102 pobj signals,between
R4220 T7105 T7104 nummod two,signals
R4221 T7106 T7104 amod opposing,signals
R4222 T7107 T7058 punct .,is