> top > docs > PMC:1463023 > annotations

PMC:1463023 JSONTXT

Annnotations TAB JSON ListView MergeView

craft-ca-core-dev

Below, discontinuous spans are shown in the chain model. You can change it to the bag model.

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T75 457-461 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T57 9-13 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T58 45-53 GO:0065007 denotes Regulate
T59 54-63 NCBITaxon:40674 denotes Mammalian
T60 64-81 GO:0007530 denotes Sex Determination
T61 138-143 SO:0000704 denotes genes
T62 168-172 UBERON:0000023 denotes wing
T63 168-176 PR:P09615 denotes wingless
T64 185-189 NCBITaxon:11757 denotes MMTV
T65 190-206 SO:0000366 denotes integration site
T66 217-227 CL:0000057 denotes fibroblast
T67 276-289 GO:0009653 denotes morphogenesis
T68 319-325 UBERON:0007688 denotes fields
T69 362-367 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mouse
T70 369-373 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T71 378-382 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T72 387-396 GO:0010467 denotes expressed
T73 400-406 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T74 430-447 GO:0007530 denotes sex determination
T76 504-508 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T77 528-534 UBERON:0000473 denotes testis
T78 528-546 GO:0008584 denotes testis development
T79 553-559 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T80 617-637 GO:0030238 denotes male sex-determining
T81 638-642 SO:0000704 denotes gene
T82 644-647 PR:000015643 denotes Sry
T83 722-732 CL:0000057 denotes fibroblast
T84 722-748 PR:000007500 denotes fibroblast growth factor 9
T85 750-754 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T86 760-764 PR:000017444 denotes WNT4
T87 792-800 GO:0065007 denotes regulate
T88 801-818 GO:0007530 denotes sex determination
T89 827-832 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mouse
T90 836-841 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T91 843-846 PR:000015643 denotes Sry
T92 894-898 PR:000015435 denotes Sox9
T93 903-907 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T94 928-932 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T95 947-951 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T96 969-975 UBERON:0000473 denotes testis
T97 1007-1011 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T98 1018-1024 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T99 1054-1058 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T100 1063-1067 PR:000015435 denotes Sox9
T101 1086-1089 PR:000015643 denotes Sry
T102 1131-1136 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T103 1140-1150 GO:0065007 denotes controlled
T104 1173-1177 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T105 1182-1186 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T106 1204-1224 GO:0030238 denotes male sex-determining
T107 1233-1236 PR:000015643 denotes Sry
T108 1252-1259 NCBITaxon:40674 denotes mammals
T109 1341-1358 GO:0007530 denotes sex determination
T110 1368-1379 NCBITaxon:7742 denotes vertebrates
T658 1707-1721 _FRAGMENT denotes development of
T659 1754-1760 GO:0048513 denotes organs
T660 1741-1753 GO:0000003 denotes reproductive
T661 1741-1760 UBERON:0003133 denotes reproductive organs
T662 1787-1793 NCBITaxon:33208 denotes animal
T663 1794-1801 NCBITaxon:species denotes species
T664 1807-1813 UBERON:0000473 denotes testis
T665 1818-1823 UBERON:0000992 denotes ovary
T666 1893-1902 UBERON:0000922 denotes embryonic
T667 1903-1908 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T668 1946-1960 _FRAGMENT denotes development of
T669 1965-1970 GO:0008406 denotes gonad
T670 1965-1970 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T671 1995-2002 NCBITaxon:species denotes species
T672 2073-2078 UBERON:0000992 denotes ovary
T673 2082-2088 UBERON:0000473 denotes testis
T674 2133-2140 NCBITaxon:species denotes species
T675 2146-2155 UBERON:0000922 denotes embryonic
T676 2156-2161 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T677 2198-2208 CL:0000586 denotes germ cells
T678 2213-2226 CL:0002371 denotes somatic cells
T679 2233-2239 UBERON:0000479 denotes tissue
T680 2338-2345 UBERON:0000992 denotes ovarian
T681 2349-2359 UBERON:0000473 denotes testicular
T682 2422-2432 UBERON:0001048 denotes primordium
T683 2492-2497 SO:0000704 denotes genes
T684 2561-2565 PR:000011390 denotes Dax1
T685 2567-2672 PR:000011390 denotes dosage-sensitive sex reversal-congenital adrenal hypoplasia critical region on the X chromosome protein 1
T686 2608-2615 UBERON:0002369 denotes adrenal
T687 2650-2662 GO:0000805 denotes X chromosome
T688 2675-2679 PR:000015435 denotes Sox9
T689 2681-2699 PR:000015435 denotes Sry-like HMG box 9
T690 2702-2706 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T691 2708-2718 CL:0000057 denotes fibroblast
T692 2708-2734 PR:000007500 denotes fibroblast growth factor 9
T693 2741-2745 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T694 2747-2751 UBERON:0000023 denotes wing
T695 2747-2787 PR:000017444 denotes wingless-related MMTV integration site 4
T696 2764-2768 NCBITaxon:11757 denotes MMTV
T697 2769-2785 SO:0000366 denotes integration site
T698 2804-2813 GO:0010467 denotes expressed
T699 2847-2853 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T700 2888-2897 NCBITaxon:40674 denotes mammalian
T701 2898-2915 GO:0007530 denotes sex determination
T702 2945-2950 UBERON:0000062 denotes organ
T703 2945-2962 GO:0048513 denotes organ development
T704 2966-2973 UBERON:0000992 denotes ovarian
T705 2988-2994 UBERON:0000473 denotes testis
T706 3007-3011 SO:0000704 denotes gene
T707 3054-3060 UBERON:0000473 denotes testis
T708 3054-3072 GO:0008584 denotes testis development
T709 3123-3138 CL:0000630 denotes supporting cell
T710 3178-3191 GO:0009653 denotes morphogenetic
T711 3310-3323 _FRAGMENT denotes proliferation
T712 3343-3351 GO:0008283 denotes of cells
T713 3333-3351 GO:0016477 denotes migration of cells
T714 3363-3374 UBERON:0005297 denotes testis cord
T715 3432-3444 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli cell
T716 3440-3460 GO:0030154 denotes cell differentiation
T717 3462-3465 PR:000015643 denotes Sry
T718 3469-3481 GO:0000806 denotes Y chromosome
T719 3489-3493 SO:0000704 denotes gene
T720 3510-3525 GO:0007530 denotes sex-determining
T721 3526-3530 SO:0000704 denotes gene
T722 3534-3541 NCBITaxon:40674 denotes mammals
T723 3571-3574 PR:000015643 denotes Sry
T724 3575-3585 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T725 3592-3599 UBERON:0000922 denotes embryos
T726 3610-3617 UBERON:0000922 denotes embryos
T727 3641-3644 PR:000015643 denotes Sry
T728 3658-3663 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T729 3674-3681 UBERON:0000992 denotes ovarian
T730 3707-3714 SO:0000704 denotes Genetic
T731 3738-3742 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T732 3754-3764 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T733 3788-3798 SO:0000902 denotes transgenes
T734 3823-3826 PR:000015643 denotes Sry
T735 3827-3837 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T736 3884-3899 CL:0000630 denotes supporting cell
T737 3909-3919 GO:0010467 denotes Expression
T738 3923-3926 PR:000015643 denotes Sry
T739 3988-3994 UBERON:0000473 denotes testis
T740 4004-4017 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli cells
T741 4033-4047 CL:0000477 denotes follicle cells
T742 4079-4084 UBERON:0000992 denotes ovary
T743 4115-4127 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli cell
T744 4175-4180 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T745 4254-4267 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli cells
T746 4293-4299 UBERON:0000473 denotes testis
T747 4380-4385 UBERON:0000992 denotes ovary
T748 4415-4418 PR:000015643 denotes Sry
T749 4419-4429 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T750 4438-4448 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T751 4467-4472 SO:0000704 denotes genes
T752 4480-4485 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T753 4514-4518 SO:0000704 denotes gene
T754 4533-4536 PR:000015643 denotes Sry
T755 4582-4594 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli cell
T756 4619-4623 SO:0000704 denotes gene
T757 4624-4633 GO:0010467 denotes expressed
T758 4642-4649 UBERON:0000479 denotes tissues
T759 4668-4674 UBERON:0000922 denotes embryo
T760 4677-4681 PR:000015435 denotes Sox9
T761 4697-4701 PR:000015435 denotes Sox9
T762 4702-4712 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T763 4723-4728 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T764 4806-4810 PR:000015435 denotes Sox9
T765 4821-4826 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T766 4836-4842 UBERON:0000473 denotes testis
T767 4836-4854 GO:0008584 denotes testis development
T768 4894-4898 PR:000015435 denotes Sox9
T769 4923-4940 GO:0007530 denotes sex determination
T770 4949-4952 PR:000015643 denotes Sry
T771 4975-4982 NCBITaxon:40674 denotes mammals
T772 4984-4994 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T773 4998-5002 PR:000015435 denotes Sox9
T774 5035-5040 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T775 5049-5056 NCBITaxon:species denotes species
T776 5061-5068 NCBITaxon:40674 denotes mammals
T777 5070-5074 PR:000015435 denotes Sox9
T778 5109-5112 PR:000015643 denotes Sry
T779 5113-5123 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T780 5155-5158 PR:000015643 denotes Sry
T781 5159-5169 GO:0010467 denotes expressing
T782 5223-5229 UBERON:0000473 denotes testis
T783 5266-5279 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli cells
T784 5285-5292 GO:0010467 denotes express
T785 5293-5297 PR:000015435 denotes Sox9
T786 5333-5342 GO:0010467 denotes expressed
T787 5343-5346 PR:000015643 denotes Sry
T788 5384-5388 PR:000015435 denotes Sox9
T789 5420-5423 PR:000015643 denotes Sry
T790 5484-5488 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T791 5493-5498 PR:000003273 denotes Igf1r
T792 5499-5502 PR:000009065 denotes Irr
T793 5507-5544 PR:000003273 denotes insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor
T794 5545-5578 PR:000009065 denotes insulin receptor-related receptor
T795 5579-5586 PR:000045358 denotes insulin
T796 5617-5621 PR:000015435 denotes Sox9
T797 5622-5632 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T798 5697-5710 GO:0005576 denotes extracellular
T799 5761-5786 GO:0007538 denotes primary sex determination
T800 5788-5792 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes Mice
T801 5827-5831 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T802 5896-5902 UBERON:0000473 denotes testis
T803 5912-5927 GO:0009987 denotes cellular events
T804 5939-5957 GO:0008283 denotes cell proliferation
T805 5959-5970 UBERON:0000080 denotes mesonephric
T806 5971-5985 GO:0016477 denotes cell migration
T807 5987-5998 UBERON:0005297 denotes testis cord
T808 6018-6036 _FRAGMENT denotes differentiation of
T809 6045-6050 GO:0030154 denotes cells
T810 6037-6050 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli cells
T811 6062-6066 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T812 6109-6115 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T813 6130-6139 GO:0010467 denotes expressed
T814 6143-6149 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T815 6197-6200 PR:000015643 denotes Sry
T816 6204-6213 GO:0010467 denotes expressed
T817 6239-6249 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T818 6253-6257 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T819 6293-6299 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T820 6348-6354 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T821 6379-6383 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T822 6416-6426 UBERON:0000473 denotes testicular
T823 6475-6488 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli cells
T824 6513-6523 UBERON:0000473 denotes testicular
T825 6563-6570 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli
T826 6609-6613 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T827 6621-6627 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T828 6638-6648 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T829 6652-6664 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli cell
T830 6779-6783 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T831 6804-6829 GO:0007538 denotes primary sex determination
T832 6837-6842 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T833 6893-6900 SO:0000704 denotes genetic
T834 6917-6920 PR:000015643 denotes Sry
T835 6922-6926 PR:000015435 denotes Sox9
T836 6928-6932 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T837 6938-6942 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T838 6950-6960 GO:0065007 denotes regulatory
T839 6974-6981 GO:0065007 denotes governs
T840 6986-6993 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonadal
T841 6994-6999 UBERON:0007688 denotes field
T842 7026-7030 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T843 7055-7061 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T844 7082-7092 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T845 7096-7099 PR:000015643 denotes SRY
T846 7132-7136 PR:000015435 denotes SOX9
T847 7147-7151 PR:000015435 denotes SOX9
T848 7152-7162 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T849 7188-7192 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T850 7204-7210 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T851 7216-7222 UBERON:0000473 denotes testis
T852 7276-7280 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T853 7295-7300 UBERON:0000992 denotes ovary
T854 7311-7315 SO:0000704 denotes gene
T855 7317-7321 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T856 7343-7347 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T857 7391-7398 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli
T858 7422-7429 GO:0046903 denotes secrete
T859 7430-7434 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T860 7490-7494 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T861 7535-7539 PR:000015435 denotes SOX9
T862 7540-7550 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T863 7584-7589 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T864 7591-7595 PR:000017444 denotes WNT4
T865 7616-7628 GO:0046661 denotes male pathway
T866 7643-7653 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T867 7657-7661 PR:000015435 denotes SOX9
T868 7666-7670 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T869 7691-7703 GO:0046661 denotes male pathway
T870 7704-7709 SO:0000704 denotes genes
T871 7739-7743 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T872 7751-7757 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T873 7780-7781 GO:0000806 denotes Y
T874 7789-7793 SO:0000704 denotes gene
T875 7794-7797 PR:000015643 denotes Sry
T876 7813-7820 SO:0000704 denotes genetic
T877 7890-7895 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T878 7899-7909 GO:0065007 denotes controlled
T879 7951-7955 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T880 7960-7964 PR:000017444 denotes WNT4
T881 7972-7979 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonadal
T882 7980-7985 UBERON:0007688 denotes field
T883 8051-8064 GO:0009653 denotes morphogenesis
T884 8070-8094 GO:0030154 denotes cellular differentiation
T2485 8124-8134 GO:0010467 denotes Expression
T2486 8138-8142 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T2487 8199-8207 GO:0042571 denotes antibody
T2488 8220-8224 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T2489 8238-8248 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T2490 8263-8268 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T2491 8263-8280 GO:0008406 denotes gonad development
T2492 8282-8286 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T2493 8335-8340 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T2494 8398-8402 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T2495 8427-8433 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T2496 8479-8485 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T2497 8514-8526 UBERON:0005297 denotes testis cords
T2498 8546-8556 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T2499 8583-8589 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T2500 8620-8624 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T2501 8625-8635 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T2502 8643-8655 UBERON:0005297 denotes testis cords
T2503 8673-8686 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli cells
T2504 8705-8715 CL:0000586 denotes germ cells
T2505 8729-8738 CL:0000586 denotes germ cell
T2506 8734-8747 GO:0005886 denotes cell membrane
T2507 8755-8763 CL:0000233 denotes platelet
T2508 8755-8798 PR:000001904 denotes platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule
T2509 8764-8775 UBERON:0001986 denotes endothelial
T2510 8764-8780 CL:0000115 denotes endothelial cell
T2511 8790-8798 CHEBI:23367 denotes molecule
T2512 8800-8805 PR:000001904 denotes PECAM
T2513 8865-8872 CL:0000300 denotes gametic
T2514 8873-8879 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T2515 8885-8888 PR:000002065 denotes Kit
T2516 8916-8923 UBERON:0000922 denotes embryos
T2517 8939-8951 UBERON:0005297 denotes testis cords
T2518 8963-8976 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli cells
T2519 8983-8987 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T2520 9023-9035 UBERON:0005297 denotes testis cords
T2521 9042-9045 PR:000002065 denotes Kit
T2522 9051-9057 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T2523 9119-9129 CL:0000586 denotes germ cells
T2524 9164-9168 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T2525 9172-9181 GO:0010467 denotes expressed
T2526 9185-9198 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli cells
T2527 9213-9223 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T2528 9260-9270 CL:0000586 denotes germ cells
T2529 9284-9288 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T2530 9289-9299 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T2531 9330-9336 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T2532 9388-9394 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T2533 9398-9404 UBERON:0000473 denotes testis
T2906 10401-10404 PR:000015643 denotes Sry
T2907 10405-10415 GO:0010467 denotes Expression
T2908 10445-10449 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T2909 10453-10459 UBERON:0000991 denotes Gonads
T2910 10470-10480 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T2911 10484-10488 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T2912 10504-10510 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T2913 10542-10546 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T2914 10575-10578 PR:000015643 denotes Sry
T2915 10616-10621 GO:0007618 denotes mated
T2916 10622-10626 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T2917 10631-10635 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T2918 10726-10735 SO:0000902 denotes transgene
T2919 10750-10753 PR:000015643 denotes Sry
T2920 10754-10762 SO:0000167 denotes promoter
T2921 10763-10766 PR:000015643 denotes Sry
T2922 10796-10805 SO:0000902 denotes transgene
T2923 10843-10846 PR:000015643 denotes Sry
T2924 10847-10857 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T2925 10868-10878 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T2926 10916-10920 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T2927 10928-10934 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T2928 10949-10953 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T2929 11031-11041 GO:0065007 denotes regulation
T2930 11045-11048 PR:000015643 denotes Sry
T2931 11067-11071 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T2932 11137-11140 PR:000015643 denotes Sry
T2933 11141-11151 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T2934 11197-11200 PR:000015643 denotes SRY
T2935 11201-11212 _FRAGMENT denotes import into
T2936 11217-11224 GO:0051170 denotes nucleus
T2937 11217-11224 GO:0005634 denotes nucleus
T2938 11236-11245 SO:0000902 denotes transgene
T2939 11247-11250 PR:000015643 denotes Sry
T2940 11278-11291 GO:0005622 denotes intracellular
T2941 11312-11315 PR:000015643 denotes SRY
T2942 11355-11358 PR:000015643 denotes SRY
T2943 11359-11369 GO:0065007 denotes regulation
T2944 11379-11383 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T2945 11388-11392 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T2946 11406-11409 PR:000015643 denotes Sry
T2947 11419-11424 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mouse
T2948 11441-11444 PR:000000020 denotes Myc
T2949 11452-11455 PR:000015643 denotes Sry
T2950 11456-11465 SO:0000902 denotes transgene
T2951 11467-11470 PR:000015643 denotes Sry
T2952 11471-11474 PR:000000020 denotes Myc
T2953 11511-11524 GO:0005622 denotes intracellular
T2954 11525-11528 PR:000015643 denotes SRY
T2955 11529-11539 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T2956 11564-11572 GO:0042571 denotes antibody
T2957 11581-11586 PR:000000084 denotes c-MYC
T2958 11592-11602 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T2959 11607-11614 GO:0005634 denotes nuclear
T2960 11631-11634 PR:000015643 denotes SRY
T2961 11635-11638 PR:000000020 denotes MYC
T2962 11642-11645 PR:000015643 denotes Sry
T2963 11646-11649 PR:000000020 denotes Myc
T2964 11651-11655 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T2965 11660-11666 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T2966 11766-11769 PR:000015643 denotes Sry
T2967 11818-11821 PR:000015643 denotes Sry
T2968 11822-11832 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T2969 11853-11857 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T2970 11870-11874 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T2971 11927-11930 PR:000015643 denotes Sry
T2972 11934-11942 GO:0065007 denotes regulate
T2973 11943-11949 UBERON:0000473 denotes testis
T2974 11943-11961 GO:0008584 denotes testis development
T3438 13183-13187 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T3439 13204-13208 PR:000015435 denotes SOX9
T3440 13209-13219 GO:0010467 denotes Expression
T3441 13261-13265 PR:000015435 denotes SOX9
T3442 13266-13276 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T3443 13292-13296 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T3444 13304-13310 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T3445 13344-13350 UBERON:0000473 denotes testes
T3446 13379-13383 PR:000015435 denotes SOX9
T3447 13384-13394 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T3448 13445-13452 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli
T3449 13501-13508 SO:0000704 denotes genetic
T3450 13529-13533 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T3451 13538-13542 PR:000015435 denotes SOX9
T3452 13554-13558 PR:000015435 denotes Sox9
T3453 13569-13578 GO:0010467 denotes expressed
T3454 13592-13606 UBERON:0005294 denotes genital ridges
T3455 13625-13632 UBERON:0000922 denotes embryos
T3456 13669-13672 PR:000015643 denotes Sry
T3457 13673-13683 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T3458 13707-13713 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T3459 13754-13758 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T3460 13805-13808 PR:000015643 denotes Sry
T3461 13834-13838 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T3462 13859-13875 _FRAGMENT denotes up-regulation of
T3463 13881-13891 GO:0010628 denotes expression
T3464 13876-13880 PR:000015435 denotes Sox9
T3465 13893-13905 CL:0000001 denotes Primary cell
T3466 13918-13923 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T3467 13960-13964 PR:000015435 denotes Sox9
T3468 13989-13993 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T3469 13999-14012 CL:0001034 denotes in vitro cell
T3470 14056-14062 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T3471 14071-14082 UBERON:0000080 denotes mesonephroi
T3472 14100-14120 GO:0031012 denotes extracellular matrix
T3473 14176-14180 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T3474 14223-14227 PR:000015435 denotes SOX9
T3475 14228-14238 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T3476 14259-14267 GO:0042571 denotes antibody
T3477 14280-14284 PR:000015435 denotes SOX9
T3478 14329-14333 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T3479 14434-14438 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T3480 14501-14505 PR:000015435 denotes SOX9
T3481 14553-14557 PR:000015435 denotes SOX9
T3482 14599-14605 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T3483 14630-14634 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T3484 14716-14723 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonadal
T3485 14737-14743 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T3486 14790-14794 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T3487 14866-14871 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T3488 14888-14892 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T3489 14943-14963 GO:0031012 denotes extracellular matrix
T3490 14974-14979 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T3491 15009-15013 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T3492 15034-15039 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T3493 15071-15075 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T3494 15149-15153 PR:000015435 denotes SOX9
T3495 15154-15164 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T3496 15226-15231 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T3497 15252-15256 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T3498 15337-15341 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T3499 15363-15367 PR:000015435 denotes SOX9
T3500 15368-15378 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T3501 15385-15392 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonadal
T3502 15442-15446 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T3503 15451-15455 PR:000015435 denotes Sox9
T4093 15458-15462 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T4094 15491-15495 PR:000015435 denotes SOX9
T4095 15496-15506 GO:0010467 denotes Expression
T4096 15513-15519 UBERON:0000991 denotes Gonads
T4097 15543-15547 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T4098 15586-15590 PR:000015435 denotes Sox9
T4099 15612-15616 PR:000015435 denotes SOX9
T4100 15617-15627 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T4101 15648-15652 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T4102 15661-15665 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T4103 15673-15679 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T4104 15755-15761 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T4105 15775-15779 PR:000015435 denotes SOX9
T4106 15827-15832 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T4107 15881-15888 GO:0005634 denotes nuclear
T4108 15889-15893 PR:000015435 denotes SOX9
T4109 15934-15940 UBERON:0001851 denotes cortex
T4110 15985-15990 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T4111 16042-16045 PR:000015643 denotes Sry
T4112 16050-16054 PR:000015435 denotes Sox9
T4113 16055-16065 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T4114 16125-16129 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T4115 16137-16143 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T4116 16165-16178 CL:0002371 denotes Somatic cells
T4117 16186-16190 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T4118 16195-16201 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T4119 16220-16224 PR:000015435 denotes SOX9
T4120 16295-16305 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T4121 16327-16331 PR:000015435 denotes SOX9
T4122 16354-16358 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T4123 16373-16379 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T4124 16411-16415 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T4125 16423-16429 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T4126 16431-16435 PR:000015435 denotes SOX9
T4127 16478-16485 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli
T4128 16538-16549 UBERON:0005297 denotes testis cord
T4129 16609-16613 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T4130 16655-16659 PR:000015435 denotes Sox9
T4131 16701-16705 PR:000015435 denotes Sox9
T4132 16706-16716 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T4133 16720-16727 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli
T4524 18118-18122 PR:000015435 denotes Sox9
T4525 18139-18143 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T4526 18164-18170 UBERON:0000991 denotes Gonads
T4527 18235-18240 SO:0000704 denotes genes
T4528 18246-18249 PR:000015643 denotes Sry
T4529 18252-18256 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T4530 18259-18263 PR:000015435 denotes Sox9
T4531 18265-18275 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T4532 18279-18283 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T4533 18306-18312 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T4534 18331-18335 PR:000015435 denotes Sox9
T4535 18377-18380 PR:000015643 denotes Sry
T4536 18383-18387 PR:000015435 denotes Sox9
T4537 18390-18394 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T4538 18396-18406 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T4539 18410-18414 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T4540 18449-18455 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T4541 18474-18478 PR:000015435 denotes Sox9
T4542 18492-18496 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T4543 18497-18507 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T4544 18511-18515 PR:000015435 denotes Sox9
T4545 18536-18540 PR:000015435 denotes Sox9
T4546 18549-18555 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T4547 18578-18582 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T4548 18618-18622 SO:0000359 denotes flox
T4549 18624-18630 SO:0001023 denotes allele
T4550 18634-18638 PR:000015435 denotes Sox9
T4551 18641-18645 PR:000015435 denotes Sox9
T4552 18646-18650 SO:0000359 denotes flox
T4553 18651-18655 SO:0000359 denotes flox
T4554 18662-18666 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T4555 18698-18708 SO:0000902 denotes transgenes
T4556 18710-18714 PR:000013249 denotes Prm1
T4557 18731-18734 PR:000018212 denotes Zp3
T4558 18764-18768 PR:000015435 denotes Sox9
T4559 18781-18788 UBERON:0000922 denotes embryos
T4560 18789-18792 GO:0016265 denotes die
T4561 18819-18833 UBERON:0004535 denotes cardiovascular
T4562 18905-18909 PR:000015435 denotes Sox9
T4563 18922-18928 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T4564 19015-19019 PR:000015435 denotes Sox9
T4565 19027-19033 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T4566 19156-19169 GO:0097617 denotes hybridization
T4567 19192-19202 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T4568 19206-19210 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T4569 19255-19259 PR:000015435 denotes Sox9
T4570 19264-19270 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T4571 19303-19306 PR:000015643 denotes Sry
T4572 19307-19317 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T4573 19410-19414 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T4574 19415-19425 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T4575 19442-19448 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T4576 19469-19479 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T4577 19483-19487 PR:000015435 denotes Sox9
T4578 19523-19533 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T4579 19537-19540 PR:000015643 denotes Sry
T4580 19562-19570 GO:0065007 denotes regulate
T4581 19571-19575 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T4582 19594-19598 PR:000015435 denotes Sox9
T4583 19628-19632 PR:000015435 denotes Sox9
T4584 19650-19654 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T4585 19655-19665 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T4586 19671-19675 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T4587 19698-19702 PR:000015435 denotes Sox9
T4588 19703-19713 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T4589 19773-19778 SO:0000704 denotes genes
T4590 19785-19791 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T5055 19799-19803 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T5056 19811-19817 UBERON:0000991 denotes Gonads
T5057 19819-19823 PR:000015435 denotes Sox9
T5058 19831-19837 UBERON:0000991 denotes Gonads
T5059 19854-19872 GO:0008283 denotes Cell Proliferation
T5060 19913-19931 GO:0008283 denotes cell proliferation
T5061 19948-19952 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T5062 19960-19966 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T5063 19981-19985 PR:000015435 denotes Sox9
T5064 20018-20022 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T5065 20023-20033 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T5066 20057-20075 GO:0008283 denotes cell proliferation
T5067 20082-20088 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T5068 20125-20129 PR:000015435 denotes Sox9
T5069 20143-20156 GO:0008283 denotes proliferation
T5070 20160-20164 PR:000015435 denotes Sox9
T5071 20169-20175 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T5072 20196-20203 GO:0007067 denotes mitotic
T5073 20232-20239 CHEBI:15358 denotes histone
T5074 20232-20242 PR:000027594 denotes histone H3
T5075 20244-20257 GO:0008283 denotes Proliferating
T5076 20345-20351 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T5077 20374-20392 GO:0008283 denotes cell proliferation
T5078 20411-20415 PR:000015435 denotes Sox9
T5079 20416-20420 SO:0000359 denotes flox
T5080 20469-20473 PR:000015435 denotes Sox9
T5081 20481-20487 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T5082 20488-20501 GO:0008283 denotes proliferation
T5083 20532-20538 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T5084 20634-20638 PR:000015435 denotes Sox9
T5085 20643-20647 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T5086 20703-20708 SO:0000704 denotes genes
T5087 20743-20756 CL:0002371 denotes somatic cells
T5088 20768-20780 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli cell
T5089 20799-20805 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T5441 20812-20824 GO:0046661 denotes Male Pathway
T5442 20839-20843 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T5443 20848-20855 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli
T5444 20890-20894 PR:000015435 denotes Sox9
T5445 20908-20917 GO:0010467 denotes expressed
T5446 20921-20925 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T5447 20930-20936 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T5448 20968-20973 SO:0000704 denotes genes
T5449 20981-20993 GO:0046661 denotes male pathway
T5450 21037-21049 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli cell
T5451 21045-21065 GO:0030154 denotes cell differentiation
T5452 21067-21089 PR:000000073 denotes anti-Mullerian hormone
T5453 21091-21094 PR:000000073 denotes Amh
T5454 21106-21121 PR:000006459 denotes Desert hedgehog
T5455 21123-21126 PR:000006459 denotes Dhh
T5456 21137-21141 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T5457 21149-21155 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T5458 21182-21195 GO:0097617 denotes hybridization
T5459 21197-21200 PR:000006459 denotes Dhh
T5460 21211-21220 GO:0010467 denotes expressed
T5461 21254-21260 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T5462 21300-21304 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T5463 21312-21318 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T5464 21329-21340 UBERON:0000080 denotes mesonephric
T5465 21341-21351 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T5466 21392-21395 PR:000000073 denotes Amh
T5467 21441-21445 PR:000015435 denotes SOX9
T5468 21516-21520 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T5469 21528-21534 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T5470 21587-21590 PR:000000073 denotes Amh
T5471 21620-21630 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T5472 21634-21638 PR:000015435 denotes SOX9
T5473 21642-21646 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T5474 21651-21657 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T5475 21697-21700 PR:000000073 denotes Amh
T5476 21754-21757 PR:000006459 denotes Dhh
T5477 21781-21788 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli
T5478 22849-22861 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli cell
T5479 22905-22909 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T5480 22934-22937 PR:000015643 denotes Sry
T5481 22942-22946 PR:000015435 denotes Sox9
T5482 22947-22957 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T5483 22961-22965 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T5484 22970-22976 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T5485 23019-23023 PR:000015435 denotes SOX9
T5486 23024-23034 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T5487 23041-23045 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T5488 23050-23056 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T5489 23108-23115 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli
T5490 23231-23241 GO:0008219 denotes cell death
T5491 23263-23267 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T5492 23272-23278 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T5493 23313-23317 PR:000015435 denotes SOX9
T5494 23318-23328 GO:0010467 denotes expressing
T5495 23378-23394 PR:000026878 denotes active caspase-3
T5496 23399-23413 CL:0000445 denotes apoptotic cell
T5497 23422-23437 CL:0000445 denotes Apoptotic cells
T5498 23459-23463 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T5499 23468-23474 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T5500 23523-23527 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T5501 23566-23576 GO:0008219 denotes cell death
T5502 23580-23599 UBERON:0000083 denotes mesonephric tubules
T5503 23580-23591 _FRAGMENT denotes mesonephric
T5504 23604-23609 UBERON:0003074 denotes ducts
T5505 23627-23631 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T5506 23632-23642 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T5507 23702-23706 PR:000015435 denotes SOX9
T5508 23707-23717 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T5509 23721-23725 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T5510 23733-23739 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T5511 23758-23768 GO:0008219 denotes cell death
T5512 23794-23798 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T5513 23799-23803 PR:000015435 denotes SOX9
T5514 23817-23827 GO:0065007 denotes regulation
T5515 23870-23882 GO:0046661 denotes male pathway
T5516 23886-23890 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T5517 23895-23902 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli
T5518 23952-23968 CL:0000630 denotes supporting cells
T5519 23974-23978 _FRAGMENT denotes male
T5520 23989-24004 GO:0046661 denotes differentiation
T5521 23982-24004 GO:0046660 denotes female differentiation
T5522 24022-24032 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T5523 24036-24040 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T5524 24045-24050 UBERON:0000992 denotes ovary
T5525 24061-24065 SO:0000704 denotes gene
T5526 24079-24083 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T5527 24107-24111 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T5528 24130-24134 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T5529 24139-24144 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T5530 24198-24202 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T5531 24243-24247 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T5532 24270-24276 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T6296 16-20 PR:000007500 denotes t as
T6297 24316-24320 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6298 24375-24379 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6299 24391-24395 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T6300 24403-24409 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T6301 24420-24427 SO:0000704 denotes genetic
T6302 24460-24464 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T6303 24469-24473 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6304 24483-24486 PR:000015643 denotes SRY
T6305 24491-24495 PR:000015435 denotes SOX9
T6306 24510-24519 GO:0010467 denotes expressed
T6307 24523-24527 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T6308 24535-24541 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T6309 24599-24603 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6310 24631-24635 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T6311 24656-24666 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T6312 24670-24674 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6313 24695-24700 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T6314 24701-24712 UBERON:0000080 denotes mesonephros
T6315 24737-24741 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T6316 24764-24768 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6317 24769-24779 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T6318 24803-24816 GO:0097617 denotes hybridization
T6319 24834-24840 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T6320 24856-24860 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T6321 24883-24893 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T6322 24897-24901 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6323 24951-24955 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T6324 24969-24972 PR:000015643 denotes Sry
T6325 24976-24980 PR:000015435 denotes Sox9
T6326 25009-25013 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6327 25030-25036 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T6328 25628-25632 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T6329 25637-25641 PR:000017444 denotes WNT4
T6330 25700-25704 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6331 25725-25730 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T6332 25791-25795 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T6333 25826-25830 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6334 25839-25843 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6335 25848-25854 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T6336 25895-25899 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T6337 25923-25927 PR:000015435 denotes SOX9
T6338 25928-25938 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T6339 25971-25975 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T6340 25984-25988 PR:000015435 denotes SOX9
T6341 26009-26013 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6342 26018-26024 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T6343 26037-26041 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6344 26049-26055 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T6345 26122-26126 PR:000017444 denotes WNT4
T6346 26131-26135 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T6347 26288-26292 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T6348 26326-26330 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6349 26358-26366 GO:0042571 denotes antibody
T6350 26375-26379 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T6351 26395-26399 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T6352 26404-26413 GO:0010467 denotes expressed
T6353 26417-26421 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6354 26429-26435 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T6355 26447-26451 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6356 26516-26520 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T6357 26551-26555 PR:000017444 denotes WNT4
T6358 26562-26568 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T6359 27285-27289 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T6360 27315-27319 PR:000015435 denotes Sox9
T6361 27342-27346 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6362 27351-27357 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T6363 27376-27386 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T6364 27390-27394 PR:000015435 denotes SOX9
T6365 27418-27422 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6366 27427-27433 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T6367 27455-27463 GO:0042571 denotes antibody
T6368 27472-27476 PR:000015435 denotes SOX9
T6369 27491-27501 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T6370 27532-27536 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6371 27544-27550 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T6372 27722-27735 GO:0097617 denotes hybridization
T6373 27757-27761 PR:000015435 denotes Sox9
T6374 27762-27773 SO:0000673 denotes transcripts
T6375 27786-27790 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6376 27798-27804 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T6377 27819-27823 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6378 27831-27837 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T6379 27886-27892 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T6380 27927-27939 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli cell
T6381 27935-27955 GO:0030154 denotes cell differentiation
T6382 27960-27971 UBERON:0005297 denotes testis cord
T6383 28049-28053 PR:000015435 denotes SOX9
T6384 28092-28095 PR:000015643 denotes Sry
T6385 28139-28143 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6386 28162-28166 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T6387 28199-28216 GO:0007530 denotes sex determination
T7373 28360-28365 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T7374 28387-28402 CL:0000630 denotes supporting cell
T7375 28438-28452 CL:0000477 denotes follicle cells
T7376 28456-28469 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli cells
T7377 28474-28478 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T7378 28486-28492 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T7379 28524-28531 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli
T7380 28563-28567 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T7381 28589-28593 PR:000015435 denotes Sox9
T7382 28594-28604 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T7383 28630-28643 GO:0046661 denotes male pathways
T7384 28657-28670 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli cells
T7385 28677-28681 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T7386 28686-28692 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T7387 28707-28717 GO:0008219 denotes cell death
T7388 28750-28765 CL:0000630 denotes supporting cell
T7389 28774-28778 PR:000015435 denotes SOX9
T7390 28779-28789 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T7391 28862-28866 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T7392 28868-28872 PR:000017444 denotes WNT4
T7393 28897-28903 GO:0065007 denotes govern
T7394 28904-28916 CL:0002371 denotes somatic cell
T7395 28929-28936 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonadal
T7396 28937-28942 UBERON:0007688 denotes field
T7397 28948-28958 NCBITaxon:7215 denotes Drosophila
T7398 28959-28966 UBERON:3011048 denotes genital
T7399 28982-28987 UBERON:0007688 denotes field
T7400 29121-29128 UBERON:3011048 denotes genital
T7401 29164-29171 GO:0065007 denotes control
T7402 29175-29185 PR:P23023 denotes double sex
T7403 29187-29190 PR:P23023 denotes dsx
T7404 29218-29235 GO:0007530 denotes sex determination
T7405 29289-29296 SO:0000704 denotes genetic
T7406 29414-29422 GO:0065007 denotes regulate
T7407 29501-29514 _FRAGMENT denotes regulation of
T7408 29529-29570 GO:0017015 denotes transforming growth factor beta signaling
T7409 29501-29518 _FRAGMENT denotes regulation of WNT
T7410 29561-29570 GO:0030111 denotes signaling
T7411 29520-29523 _FRAGMENT denotes FGF
T7412 29561-29570 GO:0040036 denotes signaling
T7413 29529-29560 PR:000000046 denotes transforming growth factor beta
T7414 29586-29594 GO:0065007 denotes regulate
T7415 29607-29627 GO:0030154 denotes cell differentiation
T7416 29633-29646 GO:0009653 denotes morphogenesis
T7417 29683-29693 GO:0065007 denotes regulation
T7418 29697-29702 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T7419 29697-29716 GO:0008406 denotes gonad organogenesis
T7420 29720-29731 NCBITaxon:7742 denotes vertebrates
T7421 29820-29835 GO:0007530 denotes sex-determining
T7422 29857-29873 _FRAGMENT denotes establishment of
T7423 29878-29882 _FRAGMENT denotes male
T7424 29893-29900 GO:0030238 denotes program
T7425 29886-29900 GO:0030237 denotes female program
T7426 30037-30057 GO:0030154 denotes cell differentiation
T7427 30062-30075 GO:0009653 denotes morphogenesis
T7428 30083-30088 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T7429 30168-30177 NCBITaxon:40674 denotes mammalian
T7430 30178-30183 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T7431 30271-30278 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli
T7432 30429-30438 GO:0038001 denotes paracrine
T7433 30472-30502 GO:0060009 denotes establishment of Sertoli cells
T7434 30489-30502 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli cells
T7435 30553-30557 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T7436 30569-30573 PR:000015435 denotes SOX9
T7437 30647-30651 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T7438 30694-30699 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T7439 30734-30738 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T7440 30772-30776 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T7441 30848-30855 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli
T7442 30881-30885 PR:000015435 denotes SOX9
T7443 30913-30916 PR:000015643 denotes Sry
T7444 30943-30947 PR:000015435 denotes SOX9
T7445 30966-30970 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T7446 30988-30992 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T7447 31034-31038 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T7448 31058-31076 GO:0008283 denotes cell proliferation
T7449 31103-31110 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli
T7450 31164-31176 GO:0046661 denotes male pathway
T7451 31267-31273 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T7452 31287-31300 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli cells
T7453 31309-31313 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T7454 31323-31336 GO:0008283 denotes proliferation
T7456 31409-31413 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T7457 31433-31442 GO:0038001 denotes paracrine
T7458 31525-31529 PR:000017444 denotes WNT4
T7459 31573-31591 GO:0008283 denotes cell proliferation
T7460 31621-31637 _FRAGMENT denotes establishment of
T7461 31642-31654 GO:0030238 denotes male pathway
T7462 31666-31673 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli
T7463 31749-31759 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T7464 31763-31767 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T7465 31777-31800 UBERON:0004208 denotes nephrogenous mesenchyme
T7466 31825-31832 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonadal
T7467 31840-31844 SO:0000704 denotes gene
T7468 31840-31855 GO:0010467 denotes gene expression
T7469 31869-31873 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T7470 31877-31884 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonadal
T7471 31885-31903 GO:0008283 denotes cell proliferation
T7472 31911-31918 NCBITaxon:species denotes species
T7473 31947-31951 PR:000015435 denotes SOX9
T7474 31962-31966 PR:000017444 denotes WNT4
T7475 31979-31989 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T7476 32039-32043 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T7477 32058-32063 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T7478 32095-32105 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T7479 32109-32113 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T7480 32134-32138 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T7481 32168-32172 PR:000015435 denotes SOX9
T7482 32177-32181 PR:000015435 denotes SOX9
T7483 32253-32256 PR:000015643 denotes SRY
T7484 32261-32265 PR:000015435 denotes SOX9
T7485 32280-32289 GO:0010467 denotes expressed
T7486 32293-32297 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T7487 32305-32311 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T7488 32313-32317 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T7489 32358-32362 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T7490 32414-32418 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T7491 32445-32449 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T7492 32558-32562 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T7493 32628-32641 GO:0005622 denotes intracellular
T7494 32667-32671 PR:000015435 denotes SOX9
T7495 32672-32682 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T7496 32696-32707 CL:0000138 denotes chondrocyte
T7497 32751-32764 GO:0005622 denotes intracellular
T7498 32907-32911 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T7499 32928-32940 GO:0046661 denotes male pathway
T7500 32968-32972 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T7501 33006-33010 PR:000015435 denotes SOX9
T7502 33015-33019 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T7503 33026-33032 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T7504 33039-33042 PR:000015643 denotes Sry
T7505 33074-33086 GO:0046661 denotes male pathway
T7506 33138-33142 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T7507 33147-33151 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T7508 33202-33212 NCBITaxon:7742 denotes vertebrate
T7509 33213-33230 GO:0007530 denotes sex-determination
T7510 33248-33251 PR:000015643 denotes Sry
T7511 33263-33278 GO:0007530 denotes sex determining
T7512 33313-33317 PR:000015435 denotes Sox9
T7513 33349-33355 UBERON:0000473 denotes testis
T7514 33349-33367 GO:0008584 denotes testis development
T7515 33444-33448 PR:000015435 denotes Sox9
T7516 33455-33464 GO:0010467 denotes expressed
T7517 33475-33480 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T7518 33508-33518 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T7519 33526-33530 PR:000015435 denotes Sox9
T7520 33531-33541 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T7521 33592-33602 GO:0065007 denotes regulatory
T7522 33592-33612 SO:0005836 denotes regulatory sequences
T7523 33679-33683 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T7524 33693-33697 PR:000015435 denotes SOX9
T7525 33698-33708 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T7526 33765-33769 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T7527 33777-33782 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T7528 33860-33864 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T7529 33865-33869 PR:000015435 denotes SOX9
T7530 33870-33880 GO:0010467 denotes expressing
T7531 34011-34014 PR:000015643 denotes Sry
T7532 34042-34046 PR:000015435 denotes SOX9
T7533 34047-34057 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T7534 34096-34116 GO:0031012 denotes extracellular matrix
T7535 34241-34245 PR:000015435 denotes SOX9
T7536 34246-34256 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T7537 34307-34316 GO:0010467 denotes expressed
T7538 34327-34332 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T7539 34408-34412 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T7540 34442-34446 PR:000017444 denotes WNT4
T7541 34493-34505 GO:0046661 denotes male pathway
T7542 34530-34546 _FRAGMENT denotes up-regulation of
T7543 34552-34562 GO:0010628 denotes expression
T7544 34547-34551 PR:000015435 denotes SOX9
T7545 34609-34614 NCBITaxon:9606 denotes human
T7576 35928-35931 PR:000015643 denotes Sry
T7577 35932-35942 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T7578 35957-35969 GO:0046661 denotes male pathway
T7579 35987-35991 PR:000015435 denotes Sox9
T7580 35993-35997 PR:000015435 denotes SOX9
T7581 36011-36015 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T7582 36035-36039 PR:000015435 denotes Sox9
T7583 36040-36044 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T7584 36080-36093 _FRAGMENT denotes commitment to
T7585 36098-36110 GO:0030238 denotes male pathway
T7586 36118-36124 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T7587 36138-36144 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T7588 36153-36156 PR:000015643 denotes Sry
T7589 36158-36162 PR:000015435 denotes Sox9
T7590 36167-36171 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T7591 36177-36181 PR:000015435 denotes SOX9
T7592 36182-36186 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T7593 36229-36233 PR:000017444 denotes WNT4
T7594 36240-36247 GO:0065007 denotes control
T7595 36255-36262 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonadal
T7596 36263-36268 UBERON:0007688 denotes field
T7597 36309-36313 PR:000015435 denotes Sox9
T7598 36318-36322 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T7599 36351-36364 _FRAGMENT denotes commitment to
T7600 36369-36383 GO:0030237 denotes female pathway
T7601 36459-36463 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T7602 36468-36472 PR:000017444 denotes WNT4
T7603 36602-36612 GO:0065007 denotes regulating
T7604 36613-36623 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T7605 36631-36637 UBERON:0000473 denotes testis
T7606 36657-36661 PR:000015435 denotes SOX9
T9846 38429-38442 GO:0097617 denotes hybridization
T9847 38476-38489 GO:0097617 denotes hybridization
T9848 38597-38610 GO:0097617 denotes hybridization
T9849 38680-38693 GO:0097617 denotes hybridization
T9850 38700-38703 PR:000000073 denotes Amh
T9851 38711-38714 PR:000006459 denotes Dhh
T9852 38722-38726 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T9853 38737-38741 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T9854 38749-38760 CHEBI:42098 denotes Digoxigenin
T9855 38843-38853 GO:0042571 denotes Antibodies
T9856 38900-38905 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mouse
T9857 38922-38927 PR:000010812 denotes N-MYC
T9858 39003-39009 NCBITaxon:9986 denotes rabbit
T9859 39015-39019 PR:000015435 denotes SOX9
T9860 39050-39053 NCBITaxon:10114 denotes rat
T9861 39059-39064 PR:000001904 denotes PECAM
T9862 39124-39130 NCBITaxon:9986 denotes rabbit
T9863 39136-39145 PR:000002312 denotes caspase-3
T9864 39221-39227 NCBITaxon:9986 denotes rabbit
T9865 39248-39255 CHEBI:15358 denotes histone
T9866 39248-39258 PR:000027594 denotes histone H3
T9867 39284-39292 GO:0042571 denotes Antibody
T9868 39320-39331 CHEBI:51217 denotes fluorophore
T9869 39332-39342 MOP:0000779 denotes conjugated
T9870 39353-39363 GO:0042571 denotes antibodies
T9871 39450-39454 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T9872 39471-39477 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T9873 39516-39522 NCBITaxon:9986 denotes rabbit
T9874 39528-39533 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mouse
T9875 39534-39538 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T9876 39569-39575 NCBITaxon:9986 denotes rabbit
T9877 39576-39579 GO:0071735 denotes IgG
T9878 39580-39590 MOP:0000779 denotes conjugated
T9879 39617-39625 GO:0042571 denotes antibody
T9880 39677-39680 CHEBI:37987 denotes Cy3
T9881 39681-39692 CHEBI:51217 denotes fluorophore
T9882 39749-39757 GO:0042571 denotes antibody
T9883 39773-39777 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T9884 39790-39795 UBERON:0000992 denotes ovary
T9885 39799-39803 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T9886 39820-39826 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T10287 40480-40491 CHEBI:33282 denotes antibiotics
T10288 40492-40504 CHEBI:35718 denotes antimycotics
T10289 40518-40522 CHEBI:16526 denotes CO 2
T10290 40554-40558 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T10291 40746-40750 PR:000015435 denotes SOX9
T10292 40791-40798 GO:0005634 denotes nuclear
T10518 40862-40867 UBERON:0000991 denotes Gonad
T10519 40885-40890 UBERON:0000991 denotes Gonad
T10520 40891-40902 UBERON:0000080 denotes mesonephros
T10521 40990-40994 CHEBI:16526 denotes CO 2
T10522 41019-41023 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T10523 41044-41048 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T10524 41111-41115 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T10525 41157-41162 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T10526 41179-41186 CHEBI:28304 denotes heparin
T10527 41187-41194 CHEBI:2511 denotes agarose
T10528 41272-41276 PR:000007500 denotes FGF9
T9580 37640-37647 NCBITaxon:33208 denotes Animals
T9581 37668-37672 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T9582 37767-37771 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T9583 37787-37790 PR:000015643 denotes Sry
T9584 37796-37800 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T9585 37959-37963 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T9586 38042-38046 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T9587 38091-38094 PR:000015643 denotes Sry
T9588 38095-38098 PR:000000020 denotes Myc
T9589 38099-38103 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T9590 38145-38149 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T9591 38188-38195 UBERON:0000922 denotes embryos
T9592 38220-38232 GO:0000806 denotes Y chromosome
T9593 38242-38249 SO:0000112 denotes primers
T9594 38300-38304 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes Mice
T9595 38324-38328 PR:000015435 denotes Sox9
T9596 38379-38383 SO:0000704 denotes gene
T10273 39923-39930 _FRAGMENT denotes Primary
T10274 39939-39943 CL:0000001 denotes cell
T10275 39931-39938 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonadal
T10276 39962-39969 UBERON:0000922 denotes embryos
T10277 39994-39998 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T10278 40035-40042 UBERON:0000305 denotes amnions
T10279 40069-40083 UBERON:0005294 denotes genital ridges
T10280 40103-40109 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T10281 40130-40141 UBERON:0000080 denotes mesonephroi
T10282 40147-40153 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T10283 40197-40204 PR:000027795 denotes trypsin
T10284 40384-40404 GO:0031012 denotes extracellular matrix
T10285 40460-40466 NCBITaxon:27592 denotes bovine
T10286 40467-40472 UBERON:0001977 denotes serum
T7455 31340-31347 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli
T7546 34644-34648 PR:000017444 denotes WNT4
T7547 34794-34801 GO:0010467 denotes express
T7548 34802-34806 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T7549 34813-34819 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T7550 34892-34904 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli cell
T7551 34900-34920 GO:0030154 denotes cell differentiation
T7552 34948-34952 PR:000017444 denotes WNT4
T7553 35018-35022 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T7554 35050-35059 GO:0010467 denotes expressed
T7555 35191-35195 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T7556 35285-35293 GO:0065007 denotes controls
T7557 35294-35311 GO:0007530 denotes sex determination
T7558 35337-35340 PR:000015643 denotes Sry
T7559 35362-35371 NCBITaxon:40674 denotes mammalian
T7560 35484-35489 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T7561 35498-35508 UBERON:0000473 denotes testicular
T7562 35513-35520 UBERON:0000992 denotes ovarian
T7563 35530-35541 NCBITaxon:7742 denotes vertebrates
T7564 35558-35565 SO:0000704 denotes genetic
T7565 35621-35633 GO:0046661 denotes male pathway
T7566 35686-35695 NCBITaxon:40674 denotes mammalian
T7567 35696-35701 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T7568 35787-35791 PR:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T7569 35793-35802 GO:0010467 denotes expressed
T7570 35812-35820 UBERON:0011997 denotes coelomic
T7571 35834-35838 PR:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T7572 35840-35849 GO:0010467 denotes expressed
T7573 35859-35870 UBERON:0000080 denotes mesonephric
T7574 35894-35903 NCBITaxon:40674 denotes mammalian
T7575 35907-35913 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
R6203 T10274 T10273 _lexicallyChainedTo cell,Primary
R254 T659 T658 _lexicallyChainedTo organs,development of
R255 T669 T668 _lexicallyChainedTo gonad,development of
R256 T712 T711 _lexicallyChainedTo of cells,proliferation
R257 T809 T808 _lexicallyChainedTo cells,differentiation of
R1656 T2936 T2935 _lexicallyChainedTo nucleus,import into
R1943 T3463 T3462 _lexicallyChainedTo expression,up-regulation of
R3157 T5504 T5503 _lexicallyChainedTo ducts,mesonephric
R3158 T5520 T5519 _lexicallyChainedTo differentiation,male
R4223 T7408 T7407 _lexicallyChainedTo transforming growth factor beta signaling,regulation of
R4224 T7410 T7409 _lexicallyChainedTo signaling,regulation of WNT
R4225 T7411 T7407 _lexicallyChainedTo FGF,regulation of
R4226 T7412 T7411 _lexicallyChainedTo signaling,FGF
R4227 T7423 T7422 _lexicallyChainedTo male,establishment of
R4228 T7424 T7423 _lexicallyChainedTo program,male
R4229 T7425 T7422 _lexicallyChainedTo female program,establishment of
R4230 T7461 T7460 _lexicallyChainedTo male pathway,establishment of
R4231 T7543 T7542 _lexicallyChainedTo expression,up-regulation of
R4232 T7585 T7584 _lexicallyChainedTo male pathway,commitment to
R4233 T7600 T7599 _lexicallyChainedTo female pathway,commitment to

craft-ca-core-ex-dev

Below, discontinuous spans are shown in the chain model. You can change it to the bag model.

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T111 9-13 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T112 45-53 GO:0065007 denotes Regulate
T113 54-63 NCBITaxon:40674 denotes Mammalian
T114 64-81 GO:0007530 denotes Sex Determination
T115 138-143 SO_EXT:0000704 denotes genes
T116 144-152 SO_EXT:sequence_coding_function denotes encoding
T117 168-172 UBERON:0000023 denotes wing
T118 168-176 PR_EXT:P09615 denotes wingless
T119 185-189 NCBITaxon:11757 denotes MMTV
T120 190-206 SO_EXT:0000366 denotes integration site
T121 217-227 CL:0000057 denotes fibroblast
T122 228-234 GO_EXT:biological_growth_entity_or_process denotes growth
T123 228-241 GO_EXT:0008083 denotes growth factor
T124 268-274 GO_EXT:biological_growth_entity_or_process denotes growth
T125 276-289 GO:0009653 denotes morphogenesis
T126 295-310 GO_RO_EXT:developmental_differentiation_process denotes differentiation
T127 319-325 UBERON:0007688 denotes fields
T128 329-334 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T129 362-367 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mouse
T130 369-373 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T131 378-382 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T132 387-396 GO:0010467 denotes expressed
T133 400-406 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T134 430-447 GO:0007530 denotes sex determination
T135 457-461 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T136 504-508 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T137 528-534 UBERON:0000473 denotes testis
T138 528-546 GO:0008584 denotes testis development
T139 553-559 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T140 617-621 PATO_UBERON_EXT:male_or_bearer_of_maleness denotes male
T141 617-637 GO:0030238 denotes male sex-determining
T142 638-642 SO_EXT:0000704 denotes gene
T143 644-647 PR_EXT:000015643 denotes Sry
T144 722-732 CL:0000057 denotes fibroblast
T145 722-748 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes fibroblast growth factor 9
T146 733-739 GO_EXT:biological_growth_entity_or_process denotes growth
T147 733-746 GO_EXT:0008083 denotes growth factor
T148 750-754 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T149 760-764 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes WNT4
T150 792-800 GO:0065007 denotes regulate
T151 801-818 GO:0007530 denotes sex determination
T152 827-832 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mouse
T153 836-841 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T154 843-846 PR_EXT:000015643 denotes Sry
T155 894-898 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes Sox9
T156 903-907 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T157 915-927 GO_EXT:positive_regulation denotes up-regulates
T158 928-932 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T159 947-951 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T160 969-975 UBERON:0000473 denotes testis
T161 1007-1011 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T162 1018-1024 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T163 1042-1053 GO_EXT:positive_regulation denotes up-regulate
T164 1054-1058 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T165 1063-1067 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes Sox9
T166 1086-1089 PR_EXT:000015643 denotes Sry
T167 1131-1136 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T168 1140-1150 GO:0065007 denotes controlled
T169 1173-1177 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T170 1182-1186 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T171 1204-1208 PATO_UBERON_EXT:male_or_bearer_of_maleness denotes male
T172 1204-1224 GO:0030238 denotes male sex-determining
T173 1233-1236 PR_EXT:000015643 denotes Sry
T174 1252-1259 NCBITaxon:40674 denotes mammals
T175 1307-1317 GO_PATO_EXT:biological_patterning_process_or_quality denotes patterning
T176 1341-1358 GO:0007530 denotes sex determination
T177 1368-1379 NCBITaxon:7742 denotes vertebrates
T178 1458-1476 GO_EXT:cell_communication_or_signaling_or_signal_transduction denotes signaling pathways
T885 1707-1721 _FRAGMENT denotes development of
T886 1754-1760 GO:0048513 denotes organs
T887 1741-1753 GO:0000003 denotes reproductive
T888 1741-1760 UBERON:0003133 denotes reproductive organs
T889 1787-1793 NCBITaxon:33208 denotes animal
T890 1794-1801 NCBITaxon:species denotes species
T891 1807-1813 UBERON:0000473 denotes testis
T892 1818-1823 UBERON:0000992 denotes ovary
T893 1893-1902 UBERON:0000922 denotes embryonic
T894 1903-1908 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T895 1946-1960 _FRAGMENT denotes development of
T896 1965-1970 GO:0008406 denotes gonad
T897 1965-1970 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T898 1995-2002 NCBITaxon:species denotes species
T899 2073-2078 UBERON:0000992 denotes ovary
T900 2082-2088 UBERON:0000473 denotes testis
T901 2115-2124 SO_EXT:biological_conservation_process_or_quality denotes conserved
T902 2133-2140 NCBITaxon:species denotes species
T903 2146-2155 UBERON:0000922 denotes embryonic
T904 2156-2161 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T905 2184-2197 _FRAGMENT denotes population of
T906 2203-2208 UBERON_EXT:cell_clump_or_cluster_or_group_or_mass_or_population denotes cells
T907 2221-2226 UBERON_EXT:cell_clump_or_cluster_or_group_or_mass_or_population denotes cells
T908 2198-2208 CL:0000586 denotes germ cells
T909 2203-2208 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T910 2213-2226 CL:0002371 denotes somatic cells
T911 2221-2226 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T912 2233-2239 UBERON:0000479 denotes tissue
T913 2273-2278 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T914 2319-2332 GO_RO_EXT:developmental_differentiation_process denotes differentiate
T915 2338-2345 UBERON:0000992 denotes ovarian
T916 2349-2359 UBERON:0000473 denotes testicular
T917 2408-2413 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T918 2422-2432 UBERON:0001048 denotes primordium
T919 2492-2497 SO_EXT:0000704 denotes genes
T920 2561-2565 PR_EXT:000011390 denotes Dax1
T921 2567-2672 PR_EXT:000011390 denotes dosage-sensitive sex reversal-congenital adrenal hypoplasia critical region on the X chromosome protein 1
T922 2608-2615 UBERON:0002369 denotes adrenal
T923 2636-2645 _FRAGMENT denotes region on
T924 2652-2662 GO_SO_EXT:chromosomal_part_or_position_or_region_or_site denotes chromosome
T925 2650-2662 GO:0000805 denotes X chromosome
T926 2652-2662 GO_SO_EXT:chromosome denotes chromosome
T927 2663-2670 CHEBI_PR_EXT:protein denotes protein
T928 2675-2679 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes Sox9
T929 2681-2699 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes Sry-like HMG box 9
T930 2702-2706 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T931 2708-2718 CL:0000057 denotes fibroblast
T932 2708-2734 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes fibroblast growth factor 9
T933 2719-2725 GO_EXT:biological_growth_entity_or_process denotes growth
T934 2719-2732 GO_EXT:0008083 denotes growth factor
T935 2741-2745 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T936 2747-2751 UBERON:0000023 denotes wing
T937 2747-2787 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes wingless-related MMTV integration site 4
T938 2764-2768 NCBITaxon:11757 denotes MMTV
T939 2769-2785 SO_EXT:0000366 denotes integration site
T940 2804-2813 GO:0010467 denotes expressed
T941 2847-2853 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T942 2888-2897 NCBITaxon:40674 denotes mammalian
T943 2898-2915 GO:0007530 denotes sex determination
T944 2945-2950 UBERON:0000062 denotes organ
T945 2945-2962 GO:0048513 denotes organ development
T946 2966-2973 UBERON:0000992 denotes ovarian
T947 2988-2994 UBERON:0000473 denotes testis
T948 3007-3011 SO_EXT:0000704 denotes gene
T949 3054-3060 UBERON:0000473 denotes testis
T950 3054-3072 GO:0008584 denotes testis development
T951 3123-3138 CL:0000630 denotes supporting cell
T952 3134-3138 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cell
T953 3164-3168 PATO_UBERON_EXT:male_or_bearer_of_maleness denotes male
T954 3178-3191 GO:0009653 denotes morphogenetic
T955 3310-3323 _FRAGMENT denotes proliferation
T956 3343-3351 GO:0008283 denotes of cells
T957 3333-3351 GO:0016477 denotes migration of cells
T958 3346-3351 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T959 3363-3374 UBERON:0005297 denotes testis cord
T960 3432-3444 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli cell
T961 3440-3444 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cell
T962 3440-3460 GO:0030154 denotes cell differentiation
T963 3462-3465 PR_EXT:000015643 denotes Sry
T964 3469-3481 GO:0000806 denotes Y chromosome
T965 3471-3481 GO_SO_EXT:chromosome denotes chromosome
T966 3489-3493 SO_EXT:0000704 denotes gene
T967 3510-3525 GO:0007530 denotes sex-determining
T968 3526-3530 SO_EXT:0000704 denotes gene
T969 3534-3541 NCBITaxon:40674 denotes mammals
T970 3571-3574 PR_EXT:000015643 denotes Sry
T971 3575-3585 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T972 3592-3599 UBERON:0000922 denotes embryos
T973 3610-3617 UBERON:0000922 denotes embryos
T974 3629-3637 SO_EXT:sequence_deletion_entity_or_process denotes deletion
T975 3641-3644 PR_EXT:000015643 denotes Sry
T976 3645-3650 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T977 3658-3663 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T978 3674-3681 UBERON:0000992 denotes ovarian
T979 3682-3697 GO_RO_EXT:developmental_differentiation_process denotes differentiation
T980 3707-3714 SO_EXT:0000704 denotes Genetic
T981 3738-3742 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T982 3754-3764 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T983 3788-3798 SO_EXT:0000902 denotes transgenes
T984 3823-3826 PR_EXT:000015643 denotes Sry
T985 3827-3837 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T986 3884-3899 CL:0000630 denotes supporting cell
T987 3895-3899 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cell
T988 3909-3919 GO:0010467 denotes Expression
T989 3923-3926 PR_EXT:000015643 denotes Sry
T990 3948-3953 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T991 3969-3984 GO_RO_EXT:developmental_differentiation_process denotes differentiation
T992 3988-3994 UBERON:0000473 denotes testis
T993 4004-4017 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli cells
T994 4012-4017 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T995 4033-4041 UBERON_EXT:follicle denotes follicle
T996 4033-4047 CL:0000477 denotes follicle cells
T997 4042-4047 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T998 4062-4066 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cell
T999 4079-4084 UBERON:0000992 denotes ovary
T1000 4115-4127 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli cell
T1001 4123-4127 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cell
T1002 4141-4145 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cell
T1003 4154-4167 GO_RO_EXT:developmental_differentiation_process denotes differentiate
T1004 4175-4180 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T1005 4254-4267 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli cells
T1006 4262-4267 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T1007 4293-4299 UBERON:0000473 denotes testis
T1008 4300-4315 GO_RO_EXT:developmental_differentiation_process denotes differentiation
T1009 4380-4385 UBERON:0000992 denotes ovary
T1010 4386-4401 GO_RO_EXT:developmental_differentiation_process denotes differentiation
T1011 4415-4418 PR_EXT:000015643 denotes Sry
T1012 4419-4429 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T1013 4438-4448 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T1014 4467-4472 SO_EXT:0000704 denotes genes
T1015 4480-4485 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T1016 4514-4518 SO_EXT:0000704 denotes gene
T1017 4533-4536 PR_EXT:000015643 denotes Sry
T1018 4551-4555 PATO_UBERON_EXT:male_or_bearer_of_maleness denotes male
T1019 4565-4578 GO_EXT:positive_regulation denotes up-regulation
T1020 4582-4594 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli cell
T1021 4590-4594 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cell
T1022 4619-4623 SO_EXT:0000704 denotes gene
T1023 4624-4633 GO:0010467 denotes expressed
T1024 4642-4649 UBERON:0000479 denotes tissues
T1025 4668-4674 UBERON:0000922 denotes embryo
T1026 4677-4681 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes Sox9
T1027 4697-4701 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes Sox9
T1028 4702-4712 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T1029 4723-4728 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T1030 4736-4740 PATO_UBERON_EXT:male_or_bearer_of_maleness denotes male
T1031 4744-4750 PATO_UBERON_EXT:female_or_bearer_of_femaleness denotes female
T1032 4806-4810 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes Sox9
T1033 4821-4826 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T1034 4836-4842 UBERON:0000473 denotes testis
T1035 4836-4854 GO:0008584 denotes testis development
T1036 4894-4898 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes Sox9
T1037 4923-4940 GO:0007530 denotes sex determination
T1038 4949-4952 PR_EXT:000015643 denotes Sry
T1039 4975-4982 NCBITaxon:40674 denotes mammals
T1040 4984-4994 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T1041 4998-5002 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes Sox9
T1042 5018-5027 SO_EXT:biological_conservation_process_or_quality denotes conserved
T1043 5035-5040 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T1044 5049-5056 NCBITaxon:species denotes species
T1045 5061-5068 NCBITaxon:40674 denotes mammals
T1046 5070-5074 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes Sox9
T1047 5078-5090 GO_EXT:positive_regulation denotes up-regulated
T1048 5109-5112 PR_EXT:000015643 denotes Sry
T1049 5113-5123 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T1050 5155-5158 PR_EXT:000015643 denotes Sry
T1051 5159-5169 GO:0010467 denotes expressing
T1052 5170-5175 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T1053 5223-5229 UBERON:0000473 denotes testis
T1054 5230-5245 GO_RO_EXT:developmental_differentiation_process denotes differentiation
T1055 5266-5279 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli cells
T1056 5274-5279 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T1057 5285-5292 GO:0010467 denotes express
T1058 5293-5297 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes Sox9
T1059 5317-5322 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T1060 5333-5342 GO:0010467 denotes expressed
T1061 5343-5346 PR_EXT:000015643 denotes Sry
T1062 5384-5388 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes Sox9
T1063 5394-5398 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cell
T1064 5420-5423 PR_EXT:000015643 denotes Sry
T1065 5434-5443 SO_EXT:sequence_alteration_entity_or_process denotes mutations
T1066 5455-5473 GO_EXT:cell_communication_or_signaling_or_signal_transduction denotes signaling pathways
T1067 5484-5488 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T1068 5493-5498 PR_EXT:000003273 denotes Igf1r
T1069 5499-5502 PR_EXT:000009065 denotes Irr
T1070 5503-5505 GO_PR_EXT:insulin_receptor denotes Ir
T1071 5507-5535 CHEBI_PR_EXT:insulin_like_growth_factor_1 denotes insulin-like growth factor 1
T1072 5507-5544 PR_EXT:000003273 denotes insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor
T1073 5520-5526 GO_EXT:biological_growth_entity_or_process denotes growth
T1074 5520-5533 GO_EXT:0008083 denotes growth factor
T1075 5536-5544 GO_EXT:0004872 denotes receptor
T1076 5545-5561 GO_PR_EXT:insulin_receptor denotes insulin receptor
T1077 5545-5578 PR_EXT:000009065 denotes insulin receptor-related receptor
T1078 5570-5578 GO_EXT:0004872 denotes receptor
T1079 5579-5595 GO_PR_EXT:insulin_receptor denotes insulin receptor
T1080 5617-5621 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes Sox9
T1081 5622-5632 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T1082 5697-5710 GO:0005576 denotes extracellular
T1083 5702-5710 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cellular
T1084 5711-5729 GO_EXT:cell_communication_or_signaling_or_signal_transduction denotes signaling pathways
T1085 5761-5786 GO:0007538 denotes primary sex determination
T1086 5788-5792 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes Mice
T1087 5810-5814 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness denotes null
T1088 5815-5823 SO_EXT:sequence_alteration_entity_or_process denotes mutation
T1089 5827-5831 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T1090 5840-5844 PATO_UBERON_EXT:male_or_bearer_of_maleness denotes male
T1091 5848-5854 PATO_UBERON_EXT:female_or_bearer_of_femaleness denotes female
T1092 5896-5902 UBERON:0000473 denotes testis
T1093 5912-5920 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cellular
T1094 5912-5927 GO:0009987 denotes cellular events
T1095 5939-5943 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cell
T1096 5939-5957 GO:0008283 denotes cell proliferation
T1097 5959-5970 UBERON:0000080 denotes mesonephric
T1098 5971-5975 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cell
T1099 5971-5985 GO:0016477 denotes cell migration
T1100 5987-5998 UBERON:0005297 denotes testis cord
T1101 6018-6036 _FRAGMENT denotes differentiation of
T1102 6045-6050 GO:0030154 denotes cells
T1103 6037-6050 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli cells
T1104 6045-6050 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T1105 6062-6066 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T1106 6109-6115 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T1107 6130-6139 GO:0010467 denotes expressed
T1108 6143-6149 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T1109 6177-6181 PATO_UBERON_EXT:male_or_bearer_of_maleness denotes male
T1110 6197-6200 PR_EXT:000015643 denotes Sry
T1111 6204-6213 GO:0010467 denotes expressed
T1112 6239-6249 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T1113 6253-6257 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T1114 6293-6299 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T1115 6323-6329 PATO_UBERON_EXT:female_or_bearer_of_femaleness denotes female
T1116 6348-6354 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T1117 6362-6366 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness denotes null
T1118 6367-6375 SO_EXT:sequence_alteration_entity_or_process denotes mutation
T1119 6379-6383 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T1120 6416-6426 UBERON:0000473 denotes testicular
T1121 6427-6442 GO_RO_EXT:developmental_differentiation_process denotes differentiation
T1122 6475-6488 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli cells
T1123 6483-6488 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T1124 6513-6523 UBERON:0000473 denotes testicular
T1125 6524-6539 GO_RO_EXT:developmental_differentiation_process denotes differentiation
T1127 6571-6586 GO_RO_EXT:developmental_differentiation_process denotes differentiation
T1128 6609-6613 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T1129 6614-6615 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T1130 6616-6617 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T1131 6621-6627 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T1132 6638-6648 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T1133 6652-6664 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli cell
T1134 6660-6664 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cell
T1135 6665-6672 CHEBI_SO_EXT:molecular_indicator_or_label_or_marker_or_tag denotes markers
T1136 6710-6717 SO_EXT:sequence_altered_entity denotes mutants
T1137 6779-6783 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T1138 6804-6829 GO:0007538 denotes primary sex determination
T1139 6837-6842 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T1140 6893-6900 SO_EXT:0000704 denotes genetic
T1141 6917-6920 PR_EXT:000015643 denotes Sry
T1142 6922-6926 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes Sox9
T1143 6928-6932 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T1144 6938-6942 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T1145 6950-6960 GO:0065007 denotes regulatory
T1146 6974-6981 GO:0065007 denotes governs
T1147 6986-6993 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonadal
T1148 6994-6999 UBERON:0007688 denotes field
T1149 7026-7030 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T1150 7045-7051 SO_EXT:sequence_altered_entity_or_alteration_process denotes mutant
T1151 7055-7061 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T1152 7082-7092 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T1153 7096-7099 PR_EXT:000015643 denotes SRY
T1154 7115-7128 GO_EXT:positive_regulation denotes up-regulation
T1155 7132-7136 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes SOX9
T1156 7147-7151 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes SOX9
T1157 7152-7162 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T1158 7188-7192 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T1159 7193-7194 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T1160 7195-7196 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T1161 7197-7203 SO_EXT:sequence_altered_entity_or_alteration_process denotes mutant
T1162 7204-7210 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T1163 7216-7222 UBERON:0000473 denotes testis
T1164 7223-7238 GO_RO_EXT:developmental_differentiation_process denotes differentiation
T1165 7276-7280 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T1166 7295-7300 UBERON:0000992 denotes ovary
T1167 7311-7315 SO_EXT:0000704 denotes gene
T1168 7317-7321 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T1169 7343-7347 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T1170 7391-7398 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli
T1171 7409-7414 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T1172 7422-7429 GO:0046903 denotes secrete
T1173 7430-7434 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T1174 7490-7494 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T1175 7535-7539 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes SOX9
T1176 7540-7550 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T1177 7567-7571 PATO_UBERON_EXT:male_or_bearer_of_maleness denotes male
T1178 7584-7589 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T1179 7591-7595 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes WNT4
T1180 7616-7620 PATO_UBERON_EXT:male_or_bearer_of_maleness denotes male
T1181 7616-7628 GO:0046661 denotes male pathway
T1182 7643-7653 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T1183 7657-7661 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes SOX9
T1184 7666-7670 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T1185 7691-7695 PATO_UBERON_EXT:male_or_bearer_of_maleness denotes male
T1186 7691-7703 GO:0046661 denotes male pathway
T1187 7704-7709 SO_EXT:0000704 denotes genes
T1188 7739-7743 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T1189 7744-7745 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T1190 7746-7747 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T1191 7751-7757 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T1192 7780-7781 GO:0000806 denotes Y
T1193 7789-7793 SO_EXT:0000704 denotes gene
T1194 7794-7797 PR_EXT:000015643 denotes Sry
T1195 7813-7820 SO_EXT:0000704 denotes genetic
T1196 7890-7895 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T1197 7899-7909 GO:0065007 denotes controlled
T1198 7951-7955 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T1199 7960-7964 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes WNT4
T1200 7972-7979 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonadal
T1201 7980-7985 UBERON:0007688 denotes field
T1202 8043-8049 GO_EXT:biological_growth_entity_or_process denotes growth
T1203 8051-8064 GO:0009653 denotes morphogenesis
T1204 8070-8078 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cellular
T1205 8070-8094 GO:0030154 denotes cellular differentiation
T2534 8124-8134 GO:0010467 denotes Expression
T2535 8138-8142 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T2536 8199-8207 GO:0042571 denotes antibody
T2537 8220-8224 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T2538 8238-8248 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T2539 8263-8268 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T2540 8263-8280 GO:0008406 denotes gonad development
T2541 8282-8286 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T2542 8287-8294 CHEBI_PR_EXT:protein denotes protein
T2543 8335-8340 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T2544 8398-8402 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T2545 8427-8433 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T2546 8453-8458 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T2547 8479-8485 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T2548 8493-8498 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T2549 8514-8526 UBERON:0005297 denotes testis cords
T2550 8546-8556 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T2551 8583-8589 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T2552 8620-8624 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T2553 8625-8635 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T2554 8643-8655 UBERON:0005297 denotes testis cords
T2555 8660-8669 GO_PATO_EXT:biological_localization_process_or_quality denotes localized
T2556 8673-8686 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli cells
T2557 8681-8686 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T2558 8705-8715 CL:0000586 denotes germ cells
T2559 8710-8715 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T2560 8729-8738 CL:0000586 denotes germ cell
T2561 8734-8747 GO:0005886 denotes cell membrane
T2562 8748-8754 CHEBI_SO_EXT:molecular_indicator_or_label_or_marker_or_tag denotes marker
T2563 8755-8763 CL:0000233 denotes platelet
T2564 8755-8798 PR_EXT:000001904 denotes platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule
T2565 8764-8775 UBERON:0001986 denotes endothelial
T2566 8764-8780 CL:0000115 denotes endothelial cell
T2567 8776-8780 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cell
T2568 8781-8789 GO_PATO_EXT:biological_adhesion_entity_or_process denotes adhesion
T2569 8790-8798 CHEBI:23367 denotes molecule
T2570 8800-8805 PR_EXT:000001904 denotes PECAM
T2571 8865-8872 CL:0000300 denotes gametic
T2572 8873-8879 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T2573 8885-8888 PR_EXT:000002065 denotes Kit
T2574 8916-8923 UBERON:0000922 denotes embryos
T2575 8939-8951 UBERON:0005297 denotes testis cords
T2576 8963-8976 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli cells
T2577 8971-8976 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T2578 8983-8987 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T2579 9023-9035 UBERON:0005297 denotes testis cords
T2580 9042-9045 PR_EXT:000002065 denotes Kit
T2581 9051-9057 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T2582 9065-9085 GO_PR_EXT:alkaline_phosphatase denotes alkaline phosphatase
T2583 9119-9129 CL:0000586 denotes germ cells
T2584 9124-9129 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T2585 9164-9168 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T2586 9172-9181 GO:0010467 denotes expressed
T2587 9185-9198 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli cells
T2588 9193-9198 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T2589 9213-9223 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T2590 9260-9270 CL:0000586 denotes germ cells
T2591 9265-9270 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T2592 9284-9288 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T2593 9289-9299 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T2594 9330-9336 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T2595 9388-9394 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T2596 9398-9404 UBERON:0000473 denotes testis
T2597 9405-9420 GO_RO_EXT:developmental_differentiation_process denotes differentiation
T2975 10401-10404 PR_EXT:000015643 denotes Sry
T2976 10405-10415 GO:0010467 denotes Expression
T2977 10440-10444 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness denotes Null
T2978 10445-10449 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T2979 10453-10459 UBERON:0000991 denotes Gonads
T2980 10470-10480 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T2981 10484-10488 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T2982 10504-10510 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T2983 10542-10546 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T2984 10562-10571 GO_EXT:regulator denotes regulator
T2985 10575-10578 PR_EXT:000015643 denotes Sry
T2986 10616-10621 GO:0007618 denotes mated
T2987 10622-10626 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T2988 10627-10628 SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present denotes +
T2989 10629-10630 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T2990 10631-10635 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T2991 10643-10653 SO_EXT:transgenic_entity denotes transgenic
T2992 10711-10718 CHEBI_PR_EXT:protein denotes protein
T2993 10726-10735 SO_EXT:0000902 denotes transgene
T2994 10750-10753 PR_EXT:000015643 denotes Sry
T2995 10754-10762 SO_EXT:0000167 denotes promoter
T2996 10763-10766 PR_EXT:000015643 denotes Sry
T2997 10796-10805 SO_EXT:0000902 denotes transgene
T2998 10843-10846 PR_EXT:000015643 denotes Sry
T2999 10847-10857 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T3000 10868-10878 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T3001 10916-10920 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T3002 10921-10922 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T3003 10923-10924 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T3004 10928-10934 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T3005 10949-10953 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T3006 10954-10955 SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present denotes +
T3007 10956-10957 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T3008 11015-11030 GO_EXT:transcription denotes transcriptional
T3009 11031-11041 GO:0065007 denotes regulation
T3010 11045-11048 PR_EXT:000015643 denotes Sry
T3011 11067-11071 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T3012 11137-11140 PR_EXT:000015643 denotes Sry
T3013 11141-11151 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T3014 11176-11185 SO_EXT:sequence_alteration_entity_or_process denotes mutations
T3015 11197-11200 PR_EXT:000015643 denotes SRY
T3016 11201-11212 _FRAGMENT denotes import into
T3017 11217-11224 GO:0051170 denotes nucleus
T3018 11217-11224 GO:0005634 denotes nucleus
T3019 11236-11245 SO_EXT:0000902 denotes transgene
T3020 11247-11250 PR_EXT:000015643 denotes Sry
T3021 11278-11291 GO:0005622 denotes intracellular
T3022 11283-11291 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cellular
T3023 11312-11315 PR_EXT:000015643 denotes SRY
T3024 11316-11323 CHEBI_PR_EXT:protein denotes protein
T3025 11355-11358 PR_EXT:000015643 denotes SRY
T3026 11359-11369 GO:0065007 denotes regulation
T3027 11374-11378 GO_EXT:breeding denotes bred
T3028 11379-11383 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T3029 11384-11385 SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present denotes +
T3030 11386-11387 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T3031 11388-11392 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T3032 11406-11409 PR_EXT:000015643 denotes Sry
T3033 11419-11424 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mouse
T3034 11441-11444 PR_EXT:000000020 denotes Myc
T3035 11445-11451 CHEBI_SO_EXT:molecular_label_or_mark_or_tag_process denotes tagged
T3036 11452-11455 PR_EXT:000015643 denotes Sry
T3037 11456-11465 SO_EXT:0000902 denotes transgene
T3038 11467-11470 PR_EXT:000015643 denotes Sry
T3039 11471-11474 PR_EXT:000000020 denotes Myc
T3040 11511-11524 GO:0005622 denotes intracellular
T3041 11516-11524 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cellular
T3042 11525-11528 PR_EXT:000015643 denotes SRY
T3043 11529-11539 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T3044 11564-11572 GO:0042571 denotes antibody
T3045 11581-11586 PR_EXT:000000084 denotes c-MYC
T3046 11592-11602 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T3047 11607-11614 GO:0005634 denotes nuclear
T3048 11615-11627 GO_PATO_EXT:biological_localization_process_or_quality denotes localization
T3049 11631-11634 PR_EXT:000015643 denotes SRY
T3050 11635-11638 PR_EXT:000000020 denotes MYC
T3051 11642-11645 PR_EXT:000015643 denotes Sry
T3052 11646-11649 PR_EXT:000000020 denotes Myc
T3053 11651-11655 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T3054 11656-11657 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T3055 11658-11659 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T3056 11660-11666 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T3057 11766-11769 PR_EXT:000015643 denotes Sry
T3058 11770-11780 SO_EXT:transgenic_entity denotes transgenic
T3059 11818-11821 PR_EXT:000015643 denotes Sry
T3060 11822-11832 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T3061 11853-11857 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T3062 11870-11874 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T3063 11875-11884 GO_EXT:cell_communication_or_signaling_or_signal_transduction denotes signaling
T3064 11927-11930 PR_EXT:000015643 denotes Sry
T3065 11934-11942 GO:0065007 denotes regulate
T3066 11943-11949 UBERON:0000473 denotes testis
T3067 11943-11961 GO:0008584 denotes testis development
T3504 13183-13187 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T3505 13192-13203 GO_EXT:positive_regulation denotes Up-Regulate
T3506 13204-13208 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes SOX9
T3507 13209-13219 GO:0010467 denotes Expression
T3508 13261-13265 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes SOX9
T3509 13266-13276 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T3510 13292-13296 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T3511 13297-13298 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T3512 13299-13300 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T3513 13304-13310 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T3514 13344-13350 UBERON:0000473 denotes testes
T3515 13379-13383 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes SOX9
T3516 13384-13394 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T3517 13445-13452 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli
T3518 13453-13468 GO_RO_EXT:developmental_differentiation_process denotes differentiation
T3519 13501-13508 SO_EXT:0000704 denotes genetic
T3520 13529-13533 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T3521 13538-13542 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes SOX9
T3522 13554-13558 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes Sox9
T3523 13569-13578 GO:0010467 denotes expressed
T3524 13582-13591 SO_EXT:wild_type_entity_or_quality denotes wild-type
T3525 13592-13606 UBERON:0005294 denotes genital ridges
T3526 13625-13632 UBERON:0000922 denotes embryos
T3527 13669-13672 PR_EXT:000015643 denotes Sry
T3528 13673-13683 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T3529 13688-13700 GO_EXT:positive_regulation denotes up-regulated
T3530 13707-13713 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T3531 13754-13758 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T3532 13805-13808 PR_EXT:000015643 denotes Sry
T3533 13834-13838 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T3534 13859-13875 _FRAGMENT denotes up-regulation of
T3535 13881-13891 GO:0010628 denotes expression
T3536 13876-13880 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes Sox9
T3537 13893-13905 CL:0000001 denotes Primary cell
T3538 13901-13905 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cell
T3539 13918-13923 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T3540 13960-13964 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes Sox9
T3541 13989-13993 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T3542 13999-14012 CL:0001034 denotes in vitro cell
T3543 14008-14012 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cell
T3544 14022-14027 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T3545 14056-14062 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T3546 14071-14082 UBERON:0000080 denotes mesonephroi
T3547 14100-14120 GO:0031012 denotes extracellular matrix
T3548 14105-14113 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cellular
T3549 14176-14180 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T3550 14223-14227 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes SOX9
T3551 14228-14238 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T3552 14259-14267 GO:0042571 denotes antibody
T3553 14280-14284 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes SOX9
T3554 14291-14296 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T3555 14312-14317 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T3556 14329-14333 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T3557 14344-14348 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cell
T3558 14369-14373 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cell
T3559 14397-14402 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T3560 14434-14438 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T3561 14484-14497 GO_EXT:positive_regulation denotes up-regulation
T3562 14501-14505 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes SOX9
T3563 14512-14517 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T3564 14536-14549 GO_EXT:positive_regulation denotes Up-regulation
T3565 14553-14557 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes SOX9
T3566 14599-14605 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T3567 14630-14634 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T3568 14716-14723 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonadal
T3569 14724-14729 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T3570 14737-14743 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T3571 14790-14794 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T3572 14866-14871 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T3573 14888-14892 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T3574 14913-14922 GO_PATO_EXT:biological_localization_process_or_quality denotes localized
T3575 14943-14963 GO:0031012 denotes extracellular matrix
T3576 14948-14956 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cellular
T3577 14974-14979 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T3578 15009-15013 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T3579 15034-15039 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T3580 15060-15070 GO_EXT:biological_movement_or_translocation_process denotes mobilizing
T3581 15071-15075 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T3582 15149-15153 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes SOX9
T3583 15154-15164 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T3584 15169-15181 GO_EXT:positive_regulation denotes up-regulated
T3585 15193-15198 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T3586 15226-15231 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T3587 15252-15256 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T3588 15337-15341 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T3589 15342-15351 GO_EXT:cell_communication_or_signaling_or_signal_transduction denotes signaling
T3590 15363-15367 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes SOX9
T3591 15368-15378 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T3592 15385-15392 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonadal
T3593 15393-15398 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T3594 15442-15446 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T3595 15451-15455 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes Sox9
T4134 15458-15462 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T4135 15491-15495 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes SOX9
T4136 15496-15506 GO:0010467 denotes Expression
T4137 15513-15519 UBERON:0000991 denotes Gonads
T4138 15543-15547 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T4139 15569-15582 GO_EXT:positive_regulation denotes up-regulation
T4140 15586-15590 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes Sox9
T4141 15612-15616 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes SOX9
T4142 15617-15627 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T4143 15648-15652 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T4144 15653-15654 SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present denotes +
T4145 15655-15656 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T4146 15661-15665 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T4147 15666-15667 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T4148 15668-15669 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T4149 15673-15679 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T4150 15718-15727 SO_EXT:wild_type_entity_or_quality denotes wild-type
T4151 15745-15751 SO_EXT:sequence_altered_entity_or_alteration_process denotes mutant
T4152 15755-15761 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T4153 15775-15779 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes SOX9
T4154 15814-15819 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T4155 15827-15832 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T4156 15881-15888 GO:0005634 denotes nuclear
T4157 15889-15893 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes SOX9
T4158 15917-15922 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T4159 15934-15940 UBERON:0001851 denotes cortex
T4160 15985-15990 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T4161 16042-16045 PR_EXT:000015643 denotes Sry
T4162 16050-16054 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes Sox9
T4163 16055-16065 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T4164 16125-16129 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T4165 16130-16131 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T4166 16132-16133 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T4167 16137-16143 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T4168 16165-16178 CL:0002371 denotes Somatic cells
T4169 16173-16178 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T4170 16186-16190 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T4171 16191-16192 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T4172 16193-16194 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T4173 16195-16201 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T4174 16220-16224 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes SOX9
T4175 16295-16305 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T4176 16310-16323 GO_EXT:positive_regulation denotes up-regulation
T4177 16327-16331 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes SOX9
T4178 16354-16358 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T4179 16359-16360 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T4180 16361-16362 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T4181 16363-16369 SO_EXT:sequence_altered_entity_or_alteration_process denotes mutant
T4182 16373-16379 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T4183 16411-16415 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T4184 16416-16417 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T4185 16418-16419 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T4186 16423-16429 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T4187 16431-16435 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes SOX9
T4188 16478-16485 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli
T4189 16496-16501 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T4190 16538-16549 UBERON:0005297 denotes testis cord
T4191 16609-16613 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T4192 16638-16651 GO_EXT:positive_regulation denotes up-regulation
T4193 16655-16659 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes Sox9
T4194 16701-16705 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes Sox9
T4195 16706-16716 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T4196 16720-16727 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli
T4197 16738-16743 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T4591 18118-18122 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes Sox9
T4592 18139-18143 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T4593 18144-18157 GO_EXT:positive_regulation denotes Up-Regulation
T4594 18164-18170 UBERON:0000991 denotes Gonads
T4595 18235-18240 SO_EXT:0000704 denotes genes
T4596 18246-18249 PR_EXT:000015643 denotes Sry
T4597 18252-18256 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T4598 18259-18263 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes Sox9
T4599 18265-18275 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T4600 18279-18283 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T4601 18306-18312 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T4602 18331-18335 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes Sox9
T4603 18377-18380 PR_EXT:000015643 denotes Sry
T4604 18383-18387 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes Sox9
T4605 18390-18394 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T4606 18396-18406 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T4607 18410-18414 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T4608 18449-18455 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T4609 18474-18478 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes Sox9
T4610 18492-18496 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T4611 18497-18507 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T4612 18511-18515 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes Sox9
T4613 18527-18533 SO_EXT:sequence_altered_entity_or_alteration_process denotes mutant
T4614 18536-18540 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes Sox9
T4615 18549-18555 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T4616 18578-18582 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T4617 18612-18616 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness denotes null
T4618 18618-18622 SO:0000359 denotes flox
T4619 18624-18630 SO_EXT:0001023 denotes allele
T4620 18634-18638 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes Sox9
T4621 18641-18645 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes Sox9
T4622 18646-18650 SO:0000359 denotes flox
T4623 18651-18655 SO:0000359 denotes flox
T4624 18662-18666 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T4625 18698-18708 SO_EXT:0000902 denotes transgenes
T4626 18710-18714 PR_EXT:000013249 denotes Prm1
T4627 18722-18726 PATO_UBERON_EXT:male_or_bearer_of_maleness denotes male
T4628 18731-18734 PR_EXT:000018212 denotes Zp3
T4629 18742-18748 PATO_UBERON_EXT:female_or_bearer_of_femaleness denotes female
T4630 18764-18768 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes Sox9
T4631 18769-18773 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness denotes null
T4632 18774-18780 SO_EXT:sequence_altered_entity_or_alteration_process denotes mutant
T4633 18781-18788 UBERON:0000922 denotes embryos
T4634 18789-18792 GO:0016265 denotes die
T4635 18819-18833 UBERON:0004535 denotes cardiovascular
T4636 18905-18909 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes Sox9
T4637 18910-18914 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness denotes null
T4638 18915-18921 SO_EXT:sequence_altered_entity_or_alteration_process denotes mutant
T4639 18922-18928 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T4640 18951-18955 PATO_UBERON_EXT:male_or_bearer_of_maleness denotes male
T4641 18960-18966 PATO_UBERON_EXT:female_or_bearer_of_femaleness denotes female
T4642 18967-18974 CHEBI_SO_EXT:molecular_indicator_or_label_or_marker_or_tag denotes markers
T4643 19015-19019 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes Sox9
T4644 19020-19026 SO_EXT:sequence_altered_entity_or_alteration_process denotes mutant
T4645 19027-19033 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T4646 19143-19147 CHEBI_SO_EXT:mRNA denotes mRNA
T4647 19156-19169 GO:0097617 denotes hybridization
T4648 19192-19202 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T4649 19206-19210 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T4650 19255-19259 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes Sox9
T4651 19264-19270 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T4652 19303-19306 PR_EXT:000015643 denotes Sry
T4653 19307-19317 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T4654 19333-19342 SO_EXT:wild_type_entity_or_quality denotes wild-type
T4655 19410-19414 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T4656 19415-19425 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T4657 19429-19438 SO_EXT:wild_type_entity_or_quality denotes wild-type
T4658 19442-19448 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T4659 19469-19479 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T4660 19483-19487 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes Sox9
T4661 19523-19533 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T4662 19537-19540 PR_EXT:000015643 denotes Sry
T4663 19562-19570 GO:0065007 denotes regulate
T4664 19571-19575 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T4665 19594-19598 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes Sox9
T4666 19628-19632 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes Sox9
T4667 19650-19654 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T4668 19655-19665 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T4669 19671-19675 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T4670 19698-19702 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes Sox9
T4671 19703-19713 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T4672 19773-19778 SO_EXT:0000704 denotes genes
T4673 19785-19791 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T5090 19799-19803 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T5091 19804-19810 SO_EXT:sequence_altered_entity_or_alteration_process denotes Mutant
T5092 19811-19817 UBERON:0000991 denotes Gonads
T5093 19819-19823 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes Sox9
T5094 19831-19837 UBERON:0000991 denotes Gonads
T5095 19854-19858 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes Cell
T5096 19854-19872 GO:0008283 denotes Cell Proliferation
T5097 19913-19917 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cell
T5098 19913-19931 GO:0008283 denotes cell proliferation
T5099 19948-19952 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T5100 19953-19954 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T5101 19955-19956 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T5102 19960-19966 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T5103 19981-19985 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes Sox9
T5104 19996-20014 GO_EXT:positive_regulator denotes positive regulator
T5105 20018-20022 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T5106 20023-20033 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T5107 20057-20061 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cell
T5108 20057-20075 GO:0008283 denotes cell proliferation
T5109 20082-20088 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T5110 20125-20129 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes Sox9
T5111 20143-20156 GO:0008283 denotes proliferation
T5112 20160-20164 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes Sox9
T5113 20169-20175 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T5114 20196-20203 GO:0007067 denotes mitotic
T5115 20204-20208 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cell
T5116 20209-20215 CHEBI_SO_EXT:molecular_indicator_or_label_or_marker_or_tag denotes marker
T5117 20217-20231 GO_PATO_EXT:phosphorylation_process_or_quality denotes phosphorylated
T5118 20232-20239 CHEBI:15358 denotes histone
T5119 20232-20242 PR_EXT:000027594 denotes histone H3
T5120 20244-20257 GO:0008283 denotes Proliferating
T5121 20258-20263 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T5122 20332-20341 SO_EXT:wild_type_entity_or_quality denotes wild-type
T5123 20345-20351 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T5124 20374-20378 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cell
T5125 20374-20392 GO:0008283 denotes cell proliferation
T5126 20411-20415 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes Sox9
T5127 20416-20420 SO:0000359 denotes flox
T5128 20469-20473 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes Sox9
T5129 20481-20487 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T5130 20488-20501 GO:0008283 denotes proliferation
T5131 20532-20538 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T5132 20634-20638 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes Sox9
T5133 20643-20647 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T5134 20703-20708 SO_EXT:0000704 denotes genes
T5135 20743-20756 CL:0002371 denotes somatic cells
T5136 20751-20756 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T5137 20768-20780 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli cell
T5138 20776-20780 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cell
T5139 20799-20805 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T5533 20812-20816 PATO_UBERON_EXT:male_or_bearer_of_maleness denotes Male
T5534 20812-20824 GO:0046661 denotes Male Pathway
T5535 20839-20843 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T5536 20844-20845 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T5537 20846-20847 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T5538 20848-20855 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli
T5539 20890-20894 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes Sox9
T5540 20908-20917 GO:0010467 denotes expressed
T5541 20921-20925 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T5542 20926-20927 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T5543 20928-20929 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T5544 20930-20936 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T5545 20968-20973 SO_EXT:0000704 denotes genes
T5546 20981-20985 PATO_UBERON_EXT:male_or_bearer_of_maleness denotes male
T5547 20981-20993 GO:0046661 denotes male pathway
T5548 21025-21032 CHEBI_SO_EXT:molecular_indicator_or_label_or_marker_or_tag denotes markers
T5549 21037-21049 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli cell
T5550 21045-21049 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cell
T5551 21045-21065 GO:0030154 denotes cell differentiation
T5552 21067-21089 PR_EXT:000000073 denotes anti-Mullerian hormone
T5553 21082-21089 CHEBI_GO_EXT:hormone denotes hormone
T5554 21091-21094 PR_EXT:000000073 denotes Amh
T5555 21106-21121 PR_EXT:000006459 denotes Desert hedgehog
T5556 21123-21126 PR_EXT:000006459 denotes Dhh
T5557 21137-21141 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T5558 21142-21143 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T5559 21144-21145 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T5560 21149-21155 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T5561 21182-21195 GO:0097617 denotes hybridization
T5562 21197-21200 PR_EXT:000006459 denotes Dhh
T5563 21211-21220 GO:0010467 denotes expressed
T5564 21227-21236 SO_EXT:wild_type_entity_or_quality denotes wild-type
T5565 21254-21260 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T5566 21300-21304 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T5567 21305-21306 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T5568 21307-21308 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T5569 21312-21318 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T5570 21329-21340 UBERON:0000080 denotes mesonephric
T5571 21341-21351 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T5572 21392-21395 PR_EXT:000000073 denotes Amh
T5573 21415-21430 GO_EXT:transcription denotes transcriptional
T5574 21441-21445 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes SOX9
T5575 21516-21520 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T5576 21521-21522 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T5577 21523-21524 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T5578 21528-21534 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T5579 21587-21590 PR_EXT:000000073 denotes Amh
T5580 21620-21630 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T5581 21634-21638 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes SOX9
T5582 21642-21646 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T5583 21647-21648 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T5584 21649-21650 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T5585 21651-21657 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T5586 21697-21700 PR_EXT:000000073 denotes Amh
T5587 21754-21757 PR_EXT:000006459 denotes Dhh
T5588 21781-21788 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli
T5589 22849-22861 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli cell
T5590 22857-22861 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cell
T5591 22905-22909 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T5592 22934-22937 PR_EXT:000015643 denotes Sry
T5593 22942-22946 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes Sox9
T5594 22947-22957 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T5595 22961-22965 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T5596 22966-22967 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T5597 22968-22969 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T5598 22970-22976 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T5599 23019-23023 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes SOX9
T5600 23024-23034 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T5601 23041-23045 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T5602 23046-23047 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T5603 23048-23049 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T5604 23050-23056 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T5605 23108-23115 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli
T5606 23116-23123 CHEBI_SO_EXT:molecular_indicator_or_label_or_marker_or_tag denotes markers
T5607 23231-23235 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cell
T5608 23231-23241 GO:0008219 denotes cell death
T5609 23263-23267 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T5610 23268-23269 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T5611 23270-23271 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T5612 23272-23278 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T5613 23313-23317 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes SOX9
T5614 23318-23328 GO:0010467 denotes expressing
T5615 23329-23334 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T5616 23378-23394 PR:000026878 denotes active caspase-3
T5617 23399-23408 GO_PATO_EXT:apoptotic_process_or_quality denotes apoptotic
T5618 23399-23413 CL:0000445 denotes apoptotic cell
T5619 23409-23413 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cell
T5620 23414-23420 CHEBI_SO_EXT:molecular_indicator_or_label_or_marker_or_tag denotes marker
T5621 23422-23431 GO_PATO_EXT:apoptotic_process_or_quality denotes Apoptotic
T5622 23422-23437 CL:0000445 denotes Apoptotic cells
T5623 23432-23437 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T5624 23459-23463 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T5625 23464-23465 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T5626 23466-23467 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T5627 23468-23474 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T5628 23523-23527 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T5629 23528-23529 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T5630 23530-23531 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T5631 23566-23570 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cell
T5633 23580-23599 UBERON:0000083 denotes mesonephric tubules
T5634 23580-23591 _FRAGMENT denotes mesonephric
T5635 23604-23609 UBERON:0003074 denotes ducts
T5636 23627-23631 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T5637 23632-23642 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T5638 23702-23706 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes SOX9
T5639 23707-23717 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T5640 23721-23725 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T5641 23726-23727 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T5642 23728-23729 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T5643 23733-23739 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T5644 23758-23762 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cell
T5645 23758-23768 GO:0008219 denotes cell death
T5646 23794-23798 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T5647 23799-23803 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes SOX9
T5648 23817-23827 GO:0065007 denotes regulation
T5649 23870-23874 PATO_UBERON_EXT:male_or_bearer_of_maleness denotes male
T5650 23870-23882 GO:0046661 denotes male pathway
T5651 23886-23890 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T5652 23891-23892 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T5653 23893-23894 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T5654 23895-23902 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli
T5655 23952-23968 CL:0000630 denotes supporting cells
T5656 23963-23968 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T5657 23974-23978 PATO_UBERON_EXT:male_or_bearer_of_maleness denotes male
T5658 23974-23978 _FRAGMENT denotes male
T5659 23989-24004 GO:0046661 denotes differentiation
T5660 23982-23988 PATO_UBERON_EXT:female_or_bearer_of_femaleness denotes female
T5661 23982-24004 GO:0046660 denotes female differentiation
T5662 24022-24032 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T5663 24036-24040 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T5664 24045-24050 UBERON:0000992 denotes ovary
T5665 24061-24065 SO_EXT:0000704 denotes gene
T5666 24079-24083 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T5667 24088-24100 GO_EXT:positive_regulation denotes up-regulated
T5668 24107-24111 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T5669 24112-24113 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T5670 24114-24115 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T5671 24130-24134 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T5672 24135-24136 SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present denotes +
T5673 24137-24138 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T5674 24139-24144 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T5675 24198-24202 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T5676 24224-24239 GO_EXT:negative_regulation denotes down-regulation
T5677 24243-24247 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T5678 24251-24266 GO_RO_EXT:developmental_differentiation_process denotes differentiating
T5679 24270-24276 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T6388 16-20 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes t as
T6389 24316-24320 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6390 24375-24379 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6391 24391-24395 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T6392 24396-24397 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T6393 24398-24399 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T6394 24403-24409 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T6395 24420-24427 SO_EXT:0000704 denotes genetic
T6396 24460-24464 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T6397 24469-24473 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6398 24483-24486 PR_EXT:000015643 denotes SRY
T6399 24491-24495 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes SOX9
T6400 24510-24519 GO:0010467 denotes expressed
T6401 24523-24527 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T6402 24528-24529 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T6403 24530-24531 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T6404 24535-24541 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T6405 24585-24598 GO_EXT:negative_regulation denotes down-regulate
T6406 24599-24603 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6407 24631-24635 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T6408 24642-24655 GO_EXT:negative_regulation denotes down-regulate
T6409 24656-24666 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T6410 24670-24674 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6411 24695-24700 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T6412 24701-24712 UBERON:0000080 denotes mesonephros
T6413 24737-24741 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T6414 24742-24749 CHEBI_PR_EXT:protein denotes protein
T6415 24764-24768 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6416 24769-24779 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T6417 24803-24816 GO:0097617 denotes hybridization
T6418 24834-24840 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T6419 24856-24860 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T6420 24883-24893 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T6421 24897-24901 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6422 24951-24955 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T6423 24969-24972 PR_EXT:000015643 denotes Sry
T6424 24976-24980 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes Sox9
T6425 24995-25008 GO_EXT:negative_regulation denotes down-regulate
T6426 25009-25013 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6427 25017-25026 SO_EXT:wild_type_entity_or_quality denotes wild-type
T6428 25030-25036 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T6429 25628-25632 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T6430 25637-25641 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes WNT4
T6431 25700-25704 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6432 25725-25730 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T6433 25755-25759 PATO_UBERON_EXT:male_or_bearer_of_maleness denotes male
T6434 25791-25795 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T6435 25826-25830 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6436 25831-25832 SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present denotes +
T6437 25833-25834 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T6438 25839-25843 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6439 25844-25845 SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present denotes +
T6440 25846-25847 SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present denotes +
T6441 25848-25854 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T6442 25895-25899 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T6443 25923-25927 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes SOX9
T6444 25928-25938 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T6445 25971-25975 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T6446 25984-25988 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes SOX9
T6447 25989-26002 GO_EXT:positive_regulation denotes up-regulation
T6448 26009-26013 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6449 26014-26015 SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present denotes +
T6450 26016-26017 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T6451 26018-26024 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T6452 26037-26041 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6453 26042-26043 SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present denotes +
T6454 26044-26045 SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present denotes +
T6455 26049-26055 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T6456 26122-26126 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes WNT4
T6457 26131-26135 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T6458 26288-26292 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T6459 26326-26330 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6460 26358-26366 GO:0042571 denotes antibody
T6461 26375-26379 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T6462 26395-26399 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T6463 26404-26413 GO:0010467 denotes expressed
T6464 26417-26421 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6465 26422-26423 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T6466 26424-26425 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T6467 26429-26435 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T6468 26447-26451 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6469 26452-26453 SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present denotes +
T6470 26454-26455 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T6471 26516-26520 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T6472 26533-26547 GO_EXT:negative_regulation denotes down-regulated
T6473 26551-26555 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes WNT4
T6474 26562-26568 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T6475 27285-27289 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T6476 27293-27311 GO_EXT:positive_regulator denotes positive regulator
T6477 27315-27319 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes Sox9
T6478 27342-27346 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6479 27347-27348 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T6480 27349-27350 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T6481 27351-27357 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T6482 27376-27386 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T6483 27390-27394 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes SOX9
T6484 27418-27422 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6485 27423-27424 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T6486 27425-27426 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T6487 27427-27433 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T6488 27455-27463 GO:0042571 denotes antibody
T6489 27472-27476 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes SOX9
T6490 27491-27501 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T6491 27516-27528 GO_EXT:positive_regulation denotes up-regulated
T6492 27532-27536 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6493 27537-27538 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T6494 27539-27540 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T6495 27544-27550 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T6496 27608-27622 GO_EXT:negative_regulation denotes down-regulated
T6497 27709-27713 CHEBI_SO_EXT:mRNA denotes mRNA
T6498 27722-27735 GO:0097617 denotes hybridization
T6499 27757-27761 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes Sox9
T6500 27762-27773 SO_EXT:0000673 denotes transcripts
T6501 27786-27790 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6502 27791-27792 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T6503 27793-27794 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T6504 27798-27804 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T6505 27819-27823 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6506 27824-27825 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T6507 27826-27827 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T6508 27831-27837 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T6509 27886-27892 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T6510 27927-27939 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli cell
T6511 27935-27939 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cell
T6512 27935-27955 GO:0030154 denotes cell differentiation
T6513 27960-27971 UBERON:0005297 denotes testis cord
T6514 28032-28045 GO_EXT:positive_regulation denotes up-regulation
T6515 28049-28053 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes SOX9
T6516 28092-28095 PR_EXT:000015643 denotes Sry
T6517 28139-28143 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T6518 28148-28161 GO_EXT:positive_regulation denotes up-regulating
T6519 28162-28166 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T6520 28199-28216 GO:0007530 denotes sex determination
T7607 28330-28335 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T7608 28345-28359 GO_PATO_RO_EXT:developmental_differentiation_process_or_quality denotes differentiated
T7609 28360-28365 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T7610 28387-28402 CL:0000630 denotes supporting cell
T7611 28398-28402 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cell
T7612 28438-28446 UBERON_EXT:follicle denotes follicle
T7614 28447-28452 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T7615 28456-28469 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli cells
T7616 28464-28469 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T7617 28474-28478 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T7618 28479-28480 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T7619 28481-28482 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T7620 28486-28492 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T7621 28494-28499 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T7622 28524-28531 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli
T7623 28563-28567 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T7624 28589-28593 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes Sox9
T7625 28594-28604 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T7626 28630-28634 PATO_UBERON_EXT:male_or_bearer_of_maleness denotes male
T7627 28630-28643 GO:0046661 denotes male pathways
T7628 28657-28670 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli cells
T7629 28665-28670 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T7630 28677-28681 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T7631 28682-28683 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T7632 28684-28685 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T7633 28686-28692 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T7634 28707-28711 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cell
T7635 28707-28717 GO:0008219 denotes cell death
T7636 28750-28765 CL:0000630 denotes supporting cell
T7637 28761-28765 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cell
T7638 28774-28778 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes SOX9
T7639 28779-28789 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T7640 28862-28866 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T7641 28868-28872 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes WNT4
T7642 28897-28903 GO:0065007 denotes govern
T7643 28904-28916 CL:0002371 denotes somatic cell
T7644 28912-28916 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cell
T7645 28929-28936 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonadal
T7646 28937-28942 UBERON:0007688 denotes field
T7647 28948-28958 NCBITaxon:7215 denotes Drosophila
T7648 28959-28966 UBERON:3011048 denotes genital
T7649 28982-28987 UBERON:0007688 denotes field
T7650 28991-28996 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T7651 29109-29113 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cell
T7652 29121-29128 UBERON:3011048 denotes genital
T7653 29148-29152 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cell
T7654 29164-29171 GO:0065007 denotes control
T7655 29175-29185 PR_EXT:P23023 denotes double sex
T7656 29187-29190 PR_EXT:P23023 denotes dsx
T7657 29201-29210 GO_EXT:regulator denotes regulator
T7658 29218-29235 GO:0007530 denotes sex determination
T7659 29289-29296 SO_EXT:0000704 denotes genetic
T7660 29308-29313 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T7661 29395-29400 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T7662 29414-29422 GO:0065007 denotes regulate
T7663 29501-29514 _FRAGMENT denotes regulation of
T7664 29529-29570 GO:0017015 denotes transforming growth factor beta signaling
T7665 29501-29518 _FRAGMENT denotes regulation of WNT
T7666 29561-29570 GO:0030111 denotes signaling
T7667 29520-29523 _FRAGMENT denotes FGF
T7668 29561-29570 GO:0040036 denotes signaling
T7669 29529-29560 PR_EXT:000000046 denotes transforming growth factor beta
T7670 29542-29555 GO_EXT:0008083 denotes growth factor
T7671 29586-29594 GO:0065007 denotes regulate
T7672 29599-29605 GO_EXT:biological_growth_entity_or_process denotes growth
T7673 29607-29611 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cell
T7674 29607-29627 GO:0030154 denotes cell differentiation
T7675 29633-29646 GO:0009653 denotes morphogenesis
T7676 29683-29693 GO:0065007 denotes regulation
T7677 29697-29702 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T7678 29697-29716 GO:0008406 denotes gonad organogenesis
T7679 29720-29731 NCBITaxon:7742 denotes vertebrates
T7680 29774-29779 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T7681 29784-29788 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cell
T7682 29820-29835 GO:0007530 denotes sex-determining
T7683 29857-29873 _FRAGMENT denotes establishment of
T7684 29878-29882 _FRAGMENT denotes male
T7685 29893-29900 GO:0030238 denotes program
T7686 29886-29900 GO:0030237 denotes female program
T7687 29878-29882 PATO_UBERON_EXT:male_or_bearer_of_maleness denotes male
T7688 29886-29892 PATO_UBERON_EXT:female_or_bearer_of_femaleness denotes female
T7689 29924-29928 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cell
T7690 29960-29978 GO_EXT:cell_communication_or_signaling_or_signal_transduction denotes signaling pathways
T7691 30029-30035 GO_EXT:biological_growth_entity_or_process denotes growth
T7692 30037-30041 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cell
T7693 30037-30057 GO:0030154 denotes cell differentiation
T7694 30062-30075 GO:0009653 denotes morphogenesis
T7695 30083-30088 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T7696 30112-30116 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cell
T7697 30136-30140 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cell
T7698 30168-30177 NCBITaxon:40674 denotes mammalian
T7699 30178-30183 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T7700 30241-30246 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T7701 30254-30263 GO_EXT:biological_recruitment denotes recruited
T7702 30271-30278 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli
T7703 30308-30312 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cell
T7704 30324-30333 GO_EXT:cell_communication_or_signaling_or_signal_transduction denotes signaling
T7705 30429-30438 GO:0038001 denotes paracrine
T7706 30472-30502 GO:0060009 denotes establishment of Sertoli cells
T7707 30489-30502 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli cells
T7708 30497-30502 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T7709 30553-30557 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T7710 30569-30573 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes SOX9
T7711 30603-30608 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T7712 30647-30651 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T7713 30694-30699 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T7714 30734-30738 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T7715 30772-30776 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T7716 30795-30799 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cell
T7717 30824-30831 GO_EXT:biological_recruitment denotes recruit
T7718 30835-30840 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T7719 30848-30855 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli
T7720 30867-30880 GO_EXT:positive_regulation denotes up-regulating
T7721 30881-30885 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes SOX9
T7722 30913-30916 PR_EXT:000015643 denotes Sry
T7723 30931-30942 GO_EXT:positive_regulation denotes up-regulate
T7724 30943-30947 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes SOX9
T7725 30966-30970 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T7726 30988-30992 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T7727 31034-31038 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T7728 31058-31062 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cell
T7729 31058-31076 GO:0008283 denotes cell proliferation
T7730 31103-31110 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli
T7731 31164-31168 PATO_UBERON_EXT:male_or_bearer_of_maleness denotes male
T7732 31164-31176 GO:0046661 denotes male pathway
T7733 31267-31273 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T7734 31287-31300 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli cells
T7735 31295-31300 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T7736 31309-31313 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T7737 31323-31336 GO:0008283 denotes proliferation
T7738 31340-31347 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli
T7739 31409-31413 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T7740 31428-31432 PATO_UBERON_EXT:male_or_bearer_of_maleness denotes male
T7741 31433-31442 GO:0038001 denotes paracrine
T7742 31525-31529 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes WNT4
T7743 31573-31577 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cell
T7744 31573-31591 GO:0008283 denotes cell proliferation
T7745 31621-31637 _FRAGMENT denotes establishment of
T7746 31642-31654 GO:0030238 denotes male pathway
T7747 31642-31646 PATO_UBERON_EXT:male_or_bearer_of_maleness denotes male
T7748 31666-31673 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli
T7749 31749-31759 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T7750 31763-31767 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T7751 31771-31776 NCBITaxon_UBERON_EXT:chick denotes chick
T7752 31777-31800 UBERON:0004208 denotes nephrogenous mesenchyme
T7753 31825-31832 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonadal
T7754 31833-31839 CHEBI_SO_EXT:molecular_indicator_or_label_or_marker_or_tag denotes marker
T7755 31840-31844 SO_EXT:0000704 denotes gene
T7756 31840-31855 GO:0010467 denotes gene expression
T7757 31869-31873 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T7758 31877-31884 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonadal
T7759 31885-31889 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cell
T7760 31885-31903 GO:0008283 denotes cell proliferation
T7761 31911-31918 NCBITaxon:species denotes species
T7762 31947-31951 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes SOX9
T7763 31962-31966 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes WNT4
T7764 31979-31989 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T7765 32039-32043 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T7766 32044-32051 CHEBI_PR_EXT:protein denotes protein
T7767 32058-32063 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T7768 32095-32105 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T7769 32109-32113 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T7770 32115-32130 GO_EXT:negative_regulation denotes Down-regulation
T7771 32134-32138 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T7772 32168-32172 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes SOX9
T7773 32177-32181 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes SOX9
T7774 32189-32201 GO_EXT:positive_regulation denotes up-regulated
T7775 32253-32256 PR_EXT:000015643 denotes SRY
T7776 32261-32265 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes SOX9
T7777 32280-32289 GO:0010467 denotes expressed
T7778 32293-32297 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T7779 32298-32299 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T7780 32300-32301 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T7781 32305-32311 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T7782 32313-32317 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T7783 32325-32339 GO_EXT:negative_regulation denotes down-regulated
T7784 32358-32362 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T7785 32414-32418 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T7786 32431-32441 CHEBI_GO_EXT:antagonist denotes antagonist
T7787 32445-32449 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T7788 32523-32538 GO_EXT:transcription denotes transcriptional
T7789 32539-32554 GO_EXT:negative_regulation denotes down-regulation
T7790 32558-32562 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T7791 32628-32641 GO:0005622 denotes intracellular
T7792 32633-32641 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cellular
T7793 32667-32671 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes SOX9
T7794 32672-32682 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T7795 32696-32707 CL:0000138 denotes chondrocyte
T7796 32708-32723 GO_RO_EXT:developmental_differentiation_process denotes differentiation
T7797 32751-32764 GO:0005622 denotes intracellular
T7798 32756-32764 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cellular
T7799 32765-32783 GO_EXT:0004871 denotes signal transducers
T7800 32907-32911 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T7801 32928-32932 PATO_UBERON_EXT:male_or_bearer_of_maleness denotes male
T7802 32928-32940 GO:0046661 denotes male pathway
T7803 32968-32972 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T7804 32984-32997 GO_EXT:positive_regulation denotes up-regulation
T7805 33006-33010 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes SOX9
T7806 33015-33019 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T7807 33026-33032 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T7808 33039-33042 PR_EXT:000015643 denotes Sry
T7809 33074-33078 PATO_UBERON_EXT:male_or_bearer_of_maleness denotes male
T7810 33074-33086 GO:0046661 denotes male pathway
T7811 33138-33142 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T7812 33147-33151 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T7813 33202-33212 NCBITaxon:7742 denotes vertebrate
T7814 33213-33230 GO:0007530 denotes sex-determination
T7815 33248-33251 PR_EXT:000015643 denotes Sry
T7816 33263-33278 GO:0007530 denotes sex determining
T7817 33296-33309 GO_EXT:positive_regulation denotes up-regulation
T7818 33313-33317 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes Sox9
T7819 33349-33355 UBERON:0000473 denotes testis
T7820 33349-33367 GO:0008584 denotes testis development
T7821 33376-33382 SO_EXT:sequence_altered_entity denotes mutant
T7822 33430-33437 SO_EXT:sequence_altered_entity denotes mutants
T7823 33444-33448 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes Sox9
T7824 33455-33464 GO:0010467 denotes expressed
T7825 33475-33480 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T7826 33508-33518 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T7827 33526-33530 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes Sox9
T7828 33531-33541 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T7829 33592-33602 GO:0065007 denotes regulatory
T7830 33592-33612 SO_EXT:0005836 denotes regulatory sequences
T7831 33657-33666 GO_EXT:cell_communication_or_signaling_or_signal_transduction denotes signaling
T7832 33679-33683 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T7911 35859-35870 UBERON:0000080 denotes mesonephric
T7833 33684-33691 SO_EXT:sequence_altered_entity denotes mutants
T7834 33693-33697 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes SOX9
T7835 33698-33708 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T7836 33765-33769 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T7837 33770-33771 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T7838 33772-33773 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T7839 33777-33782 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T7840 33860-33864 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T7841 33865-33869 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes SOX9
T7842 33870-33880 GO:0010467 denotes expressing
T7843 33968-33972 PATO_UBERON_EXT:male_or_bearer_of_maleness denotes male
T7844 34011-34014 PR_EXT:000015643 denotes Sry
T7845 34042-34046 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes SOX9
T7846 34047-34057 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T7847 34072-34079 CHEMINF_GO_EXT:chemical_binding_or_bond_formation denotes binding
T7848 34080-34088 CHEBI_PR_EXT:protein denotes proteins
T7849 34096-34116 GO:0031012 denotes extracellular matrix
T7850 34101-34109 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cellular
T7851 34120-34133 GO_PR_EXT:fibroblast_growth_factor_receptor denotes FGF receptors
T7852 34180-34186 PATO_UBERON_EXT:female_or_bearer_of_femaleness denotes female
T7853 34241-34245 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes SOX9
T7854 34246-34256 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T7855 34307-34316 GO:0010467 denotes expressed
T7856 34327-34332 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T7857 34408-34412 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T7858 34442-34446 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes WNT4
T7859 34447-34456 GO_EXT:cell_communication_or_signaling_or_signal_transduction denotes signaling
T7860 34493-34497 PATO_UBERON_EXT:male_or_bearer_of_maleness denotes male
T7861 34493-34505 GO:0046661 denotes male pathway
T7862 34530-34546 _FRAGMENT denotes up-regulation of
T7863 34552-34562 GO:0010628 denotes expression
T7864 34547-34551 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes SOX9
T7865 34580-34591 SO_EXT:sequence_duplication_entity_or_process denotes duplication
T7866 34599-34608 _FRAGMENT denotes region of
T7867 34615-34625 GO_SO_EXT:chromosomal_part_or_position_or_region_or_site denotes Chromosome
T7868 34609-34614 NCBITaxon:9606 denotes human
T7869 34644-34648 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes WNT4
T7870 34794-34801 GO:0010467 denotes express
T7871 34802-34806 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T7872 34813-34819 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T7874 34900-34904 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cell
T7875 34900-34920 GO:0030154 denotes cell differentiation
T7876 34948-34952 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes WNT4
T7877 34953-34960 CHEBI_PR_EXT:protein denotes protein
T7878 35007-35017 SO_EXT:transgenic_entity denotes transgenic
T7879 35018-35022 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T7880 35050-35059 GO:0010467 denotes expressed
T7881 35073-35078 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T7882 35191-35195 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T7883 35196-35197 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T7884 35198-35199 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T7885 35203-35210 SO_EXT:sequence_altered_entity denotes mutants
T7886 35237-35243 PATO_UBERON_EXT:female_or_bearer_of_femaleness denotes female
T7887 35285-35293 GO:0065007 denotes controls
T7888 35294-35311 GO:0007530 denotes sex determination
T7889 35315-35327 CHEBI_GO_EXT:biological_process_or_quality_or_role denotes biologically
T7890 35337-35340 PR_EXT:000015643 denotes Sry
T7891 35362-35371 NCBITaxon:40674 denotes mammalian
T7892 35403-35412 GO_EXT:cell_communication_or_signaling_or_signal_transduction denotes signaling
T7893 35446-35455 SO_EXT:biological_conservation_process_or_quality denotes conserved
T7894 35484-35489 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T7895 35498-35508 UBERON:0000473 denotes testicular
T7896 35513-35520 UBERON:0000992 denotes ovarian
T7897 35530-35541 NCBITaxon:7742 denotes vertebrates
T7898 35558-35565 SO_EXT:0000704 denotes genetic
T7899 35621-35625 PATO_UBERON_EXT:male_or_bearer_of_maleness denotes male
T7900 35621-35633 GO:0046661 denotes male pathway
T7901 35673-35678 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T7902 35686-35695 NCBITaxon:40674 denotes mammalian
T7903 35696-35701 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T7904 35737-35741 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cell
T7905 35767-35785 GO_EXT:cell_communication_or_signaling_or_signal_transduction denotes signaling pathways
T7906 35787-35791 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T7907 35793-35802 GO:0010467 denotes expressed
T7908 35812-35820 UBERON:0011997 denotes coelomic
T7909 35834-35838 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T7910 35840-35849 GO:0010467 denotes expressed
T7912 35894-35903 NCBITaxon:40674 denotes mammalian
T7913 35907-35913 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T7914 35928-35931 PR_EXT:000015643 denotes Sry
T7915 35932-35942 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T7916 35957-35961 PATO_UBERON_EXT:male_or_bearer_of_maleness denotes male
T7917 35957-35969 GO:0046661 denotes male pathway
T7918 35973-35986 GO_EXT:positive_regulation denotes up-regulating
T7919 35987-35991 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes Sox9
T7920 35993-35997 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes SOX9
T7921 35998-36010 GO_EXT:positive_regulation denotes up-regulates
T7922 36011-36015 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T7923 36035-36039 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes Sox9
T7924 36040-36044 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T7925 36080-36093 _FRAGMENT denotes commitment to
T7926 36098-36110 GO:0030238 denotes male pathway
T7927 36098-36102 PATO_UBERON_EXT:male_or_bearer_of_maleness denotes male
T7928 36118-36124 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T7929 36131-36137 SO_EXT:sequence_altered_entity_or_alteration_process denotes mutant
T7930 36138-36144 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T7931 36153-36156 PR_EXT:000015643 denotes Sry
T7932 36158-36162 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes Sox9
T7933 36167-36171 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T7934 36177-36181 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes SOX9
T7935 36182-36186 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T7936 36229-36233 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes WNT4
T7937 36240-36247 GO:0065007 denotes control
T7938 36255-36262 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonadal
T7939 36263-36268 UBERON:0007688 denotes field
T7940 36290-36305 GO_EXT:negative_regulation denotes down-regulation
T7941 36309-36313 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes Sox9
T7942 36318-36322 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T7943 36351-36364 _FRAGMENT denotes commitment to
T7944 36369-36383 GO:0030237 denotes female pathway
T7945 36369-36375 PATO_UBERON_EXT:female_or_bearer_of_femaleness denotes female
T7946 36436-36445 CHEBI_EXT:polyatomic_entity_or_group denotes molecular
T7947 36459-36463 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T7948 36468-36472 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes WNT4
T7949 36580-36598 GO_EXT:cell_communication_or_signaling_or_signal_transduction denotes signaling pathways
T7950 36602-36612 GO:0065007 denotes regulating
T7951 36613-36623 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T7952 36631-36637 UBERON:0000473 denotes testis
T7953 36657-36661 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes SOX9
T9887 38429-38442 GO:0097617 denotes hybridization
T9888 38476-38489 GO:0097617 denotes hybridization
T9889 38507-38523 CHEBI_EXT:paraformaldehye denotes paraformaldehyde
T9890 38597-38610 GO:0097617 denotes hybridization
T9891 38656-38662 CHEBI_SO_EXT:molecular_probe denotes Probes
T9892 38680-38693 GO:0097617 denotes hybridization
T9893 38700-38703 PR_EXT:000000073 denotes Amh
T9894 38711-38714 PR_EXT:000006459 denotes Dhh
T9895 38722-38726 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T9896 38737-38741 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T9897 38749-38760 CHEBI:42098 denotes Digoxigenin
T9898 38761-38768 CHEBI_SO_EXT:molecular_label_or_mark_or_tag_process denotes labeled
T9899 38769-38775 CHEBI_SO_EXT:molecular_probe denotes probes
T9900 38843-38853 GO:0042571 denotes Antibodies
T9901 38900-38905 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mouse
T9902 38922-38927 PR_EXT:000010812 denotes N-MYC
T9903 38929-38933 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes Cell
T9904 38934-38943 GO_EXT:cell_communication_or_signaling_or_signal_transduction denotes Signaling
T9905 39003-39009 NCBITaxon:9986 denotes rabbit
T9906 39015-39019 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes SOX9
T9907 39050-39053 NCBITaxon:10114 denotes rat
T9908 39059-39064 PR_EXT:000001904 denotes PECAM
T9909 39124-39130 NCBITaxon:9986 denotes rabbit
T9910 39136-39145 PR_EXT:000002312 denotes caspase-3
T9911 39221-39227 NCBITaxon:9986 denotes rabbit
T9912 39233-39247 GO_PATO_EXT:phosphorylation_process_or_quality denotes phosphorylated
T9913 39248-39255 CHEBI:15358 denotes histone
T9914 39248-39258 PR_EXT:000027594 denotes histone H3
T9915 39260-39264 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes Cell
T9916 39265-39274 GO_EXT:cell_communication_or_signaling_or_signal_transduction denotes Signaling
T9917 39284-39292 GO:0042571 denotes Antibody
T9918 39293-39300 CHEMINF_GO_EXT:bearer_of_chemical_binding_or_bond_formation denotes binding
T9919 39320-39331 CHEBI_EXT:51217 denotes fluorophore
T9920 39332-39342 MOP:0000779 denotes conjugated
T9921 39353-39363 GO:0042571 denotes antibodies
T9922 39450-39454 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T9923 39471-39477 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T9924 39516-39522 NCBITaxon:9986 denotes rabbit
T9925 39528-39533 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mouse
T9926 39534-39538 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T9927 39540-39544 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes Cell
T9928 39569-39575 NCBITaxon:9986 denotes rabbit
T9929 39576-39579 GO:0071735 denotes IgG
T9930 39580-39590 MOP:0000779 denotes conjugated
T9931 39596-39606 GO_EXT:0004601 denotes peroxidase
T9932 39617-39625 GO:0042571 denotes antibody
T9933 39677-39680 CHEBI:37987 denotes Cy3
T9934 39681-39692 CHEBI_EXT:51217 denotes fluorophore
T9935 39694-39703 CHEBI_EXT:polyatomic_entity_or_group denotes Molecular
T9936 39704-39710 CHEBI_SO_EXT:molecular_probe denotes Probes
T9937 39749-39757 GO:0042571 denotes antibody
T9938 39773-39777 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T9939 39790-39795 UBERON:0000992 denotes ovary
T9940 39799-39803 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T9941 39804-39805 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T9942 39806-39807 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T9943 39808-39812 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness denotes null
T9944 39813-39819 SO_EXT:sequence_altered_entity_or_alteration_process denotes mutant
T9945 39820-39826 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T10295 39931-39938 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonadal
T10296 39939-39943 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cell
T10297 39962-39969 UBERON:0000922 denotes embryos
T10298 39994-39998 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T10299 40035-40042 UBERON:0000305 denotes amnions
T10300 40069-40083 UBERON:0005294 denotes genital ridges
T10301 40103-40109 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T10302 40130-40141 UBERON:0000080 denotes mesonephroi
T10303 40147-40153 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonads
T10304 40197-40204 PR_EXT:000027795 denotes trypsin
T10305 40221-40227 CHEBI_CHMO_EXT:buffer_solution denotes buffer
T10306 40270-40275 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T10307 40384-40404 GO:0031012 denotes extracellular matrix
T10308 40389-40397 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cellular
T10309 40460-40466 NCBITaxon:27592 denotes bovine
T10310 40467-40472 UBERON:0001977 denotes serum
T10311 40480-40491 CHEBI_EXT:33282 denotes antibiotics
T10312 40492-40504 CHEBI_EXT:35718 denotes antimycotics
T10313 40518-40522 CHEBI:16526 denotes CO 2
T10314 40554-40558 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T10315 40707-40712 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T10316 40746-40750 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes SOX9
T10317 40760-40769 CHEBI_EXT:polyatomic_entity_or_group denotes Molecular
T10318 40770-40776 CHEBI_SO_EXT:molecular_probe denotes Probes
T10319 40791-40798 GO:0005634 denotes nuclear
T9597 37640-37647 NCBITaxon:33208 denotes Animals
T9598 37668-37672 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T9599 37673-37681 SO_EXT:sequence_alteration_entity_or_process denotes mutation
T9600 37767-37771 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T9601 37772-37773 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T9602 37774-37775 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T9603 37787-37790 PR_EXT:000015643 denotes Sry
T9604 37796-37800 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T9605 37959-37963 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T9606 37964-37965 SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present denotes +
T9607 37966-37967 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T9608 38042-38046 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes Fgf9
T9609 38047-38048 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T9610 38049-38050 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence denotes −
T9611 38091-38094 PR_EXT:000015643 denotes Sry
T9612 38095-38098 PR_EXT:000000020 denotes Myc
T9613 38099-38103 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T9614 38145-38149 PR_EXT:000017444 denotes Wnt4
T9615 38181-38187 SO_EXT:sequence_altered_entity_or_alteration_process denotes Mutant
T9616 38188-38195 UBERON:0000922 denotes embryos
T9617 38220-38232 GO:0000806 denotes Y chromosome
T9618 38222-38232 GO_SO_EXT:chromosome denotes chromosome
T9619 38242-38249 SO_EXT:0000112 denotes primers
T9620 38300-38304 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes Mice
T9621 38324-38328 PR_EXT:000015435 denotes Sox9
T9622 38329-38337 SO_EXT:sequence_deletion_entity_or_process denotes deletion
T9623 38379-38383 SO_EXT:0000704 denotes gene
T9624 38384-38392 SO_EXT:sequence_deletion_entity_or_process denotes deletion
T10293 39923-39930 _FRAGMENT denotes Primary
T10294 39939-39943 CL:0000001 denotes cell
T10529 40862-40867 UBERON:0000991 denotes Gonad
T10530 40885-40890 UBERON:0000991 denotes Gonad
T10531 40891-40902 UBERON:0000080 denotes mesonephros
T10532 40990-40994 CHEBI:16526 denotes CO 2
T10533 41019-41023 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T10534 41044-41048 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T10535 41111-41115 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T10536 41157-41162 UBERON:0000991 denotes gonad
T10537 41179-41186 CHEBI:28304 denotes heparin
T10538 41187-41194 CHEBI:2511 denotes agarose
T10539 41272-41276 PR_EXT:000007500 denotes FGF9
T5632 23566-23576 GO:0008219 denotes cell death
T1126 6563-6570 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli
T7613 28438-28452 CL:0000477 denotes follicle cells
T7873 34892-34904 CL:0000216 denotes Sertoli cell
R258 T886 T885 _lexicallyChainedTo organs,development of
R259 T896 T895 _lexicallyChainedTo gonad,development of
R260 T906 T905 _lexicallyChainedTo cells,population of
R261 T907 T905 _lexicallyChainedTo cells,population of
R262 T924 T923 _lexicallyChainedTo chromosome,region on
R263 T956 T955 _lexicallyChainedTo of cells,proliferation
R264 T1102 T1101 _lexicallyChainedTo cells,differentiation of
R1657 T3017 T3016 _lexicallyChainedTo nucleus,import into
R1944 T3535 T3534 _lexicallyChainedTo expression,up-regulation of
R3159 T5635 T5634 _lexicallyChainedTo ducts,mesonephric
R3160 T5659 T5658 _lexicallyChainedTo differentiation,male
R4234 T7664 T7663 _lexicallyChainedTo transforming growth factor beta signaling,regulation of
R4235 T7666 T7665 _lexicallyChainedTo signaling,regulation of WNT
R4236 T7667 T7663 _lexicallyChainedTo FGF,regulation of
R4237 T7668 T7667 _lexicallyChainedTo signaling,FGF
R4238 T7684 T7683 _lexicallyChainedTo male,establishment of
R4239 T7685 T7684 _lexicallyChainedTo program,male
R4240 T7686 T7683 _lexicallyChainedTo female program,establishment of
R4241 T7746 T7745 _lexicallyChainedTo male pathway,establishment of
R4242 T7863 T7862 _lexicallyChainedTo expression,up-regulation of
R4243 T7867 T7866 _lexicallyChainedTo Chromosome,region of
R4244 T7926 T7925 _lexicallyChainedTo male pathway,commitment to
R4245 T7944 T7943 _lexicallyChainedTo female pathway,commitment to
R6204 T10294 T10293 _lexicallyChainedTo cell,Primary

craft-sa-dev

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T180 5-8 CC denotes and
T181 9-13 NN denotes Wnt4
T182 18-20 IN denotes as
T183 21-33 JJ denotes Antagonistic
T184 34-41 NNS denotes Signals
T185 42-44 TO denotes to
T186 45-53 VB denotes Regulate
T187 54-63 JJ denotes Mammalian
T188 68-81 NN denotes Determination
T189 64-67 NN denotes Sex
T190 81-82 sentence denotes
T191 134-354 sentence denotes The genes encoding members of the wingless-related MMTV integration site (WNT) and fibroblast growth factor (FGF) families coordinate growth, morphogenesis, and differentiation in many fields of cells during development.
T192 134-137 DT denotes The
T193 138-143 NNS denotes genes
T194 257-267 VBP denotes coordinate
T195 144-152 VBG denotes encoding
T196 153-160 NNS denotes members
T197 161-163 IN denotes of
T198 164-167 DT denotes the
T199 248-256 NNS denotes families
T200 168-176 JJ denotes wingless
T201 177-184 VBN denotes related
T202 176-177 HYPH denotes -
T203 202-206 NN denotes site
T204 185-189 NN denotes MMTV
T205 190-201 NN denotes integration
T206 207-208 -LRB- denotes (
T207 208-211 NN denotes WNT
T208 211-212 -RRB- denotes )
T209 213-216 CC denotes and
T210 217-227 NN denotes fibroblast
T211 235-241 NN denotes factor
T212 228-234 NN denotes growth
T213 242-243 -LRB- denotes (
T214 243-246 NN denotes FGF
T215 246-247 -RRB- denotes )
T216 268-274 NN denotes growth
T217 274-276 , denotes ,
T218 276-289 NN denotes morphogenesis
T219 289-291 , denotes ,
T220 291-294 CC denotes and
T221 295-310 NN denotes differentiation
T222 311-313 IN denotes in
T223 314-318 JJ denotes many
T224 319-325 NNS denotes fields
T225 326-328 IN denotes of
T226 329-334 NNS denotes cells
T227 335-341 IN denotes during
T228 342-353 NN denotes development
T229 353-354 . denotes .
T230 354-448 sentence denotes In the mouse, Fgf9 and Wnt4 are expressed in gonads of both sexes prior to sex determination.
T231 355-357 IN denotes In
T232 387-396 VBN denotes expressed
T233 358-361 DT denotes the
T234 362-367 NN denotes mouse
T235 367-369 , denotes ,
T236 369-373 NN denotes Fgf9
T237 374-377 CC denotes and
T238 378-382 NN denotes Wnt4
T239 383-386 VBP denotes are
T240 397-399 IN denotes in
T241 400-406 NNS denotes gonads
T242 407-409 IN denotes of
T243 410-414 DT denotes both
T244 415-420 NNS denotes sexes
T245 421-426 RB denotes prior
T246 427-429 IN denotes to
T247 430-433 NN denotes sex
T248 434-447 NN denotes determination
T249 447-448 . denotes .
T250 448-560 sentence denotes Loss of Fgf9 leads to XY sex reversal, whereas loss of Wnt4 results in partial testis development in XX gonads.
T251 449-453 NN denotes Loss
T252 462-467 VBZ denotes leads
T253 454-456 IN denotes of
T254 457-461 NN denotes Fgf9
T255 468-470 IN denotes to
T256 471-473 NN denotes XY
T257 478-486 NN denotes reversal
T258 474-477 NN denotes sex
T259 486-488 , denotes ,
T260 488-495 IN denotes whereas
T261 509-516 VBZ denotes results
T262 496-500 NN denotes loss
T263 501-503 IN denotes of
T264 504-508 NN denotes Wnt4
T265 517-519 IN denotes in
T266 520-527 JJ denotes partial
T267 535-546 NN denotes development
T268 528-534 NN denotes testis
T269 547-549 IN denotes in
T270 550-552 NN denotes XX
T271 553-559 NNS denotes gonads
T272 559-560 . denotes .
T273 560-661 sentence denotes However, the relationship between these signals and the male sex-determining gene, Sry, was unknown.
T274 561-568 RB denotes However
T275 649-652 VBD denotes was
T276 568-570 , denotes ,
T277 570-573 DT denotes the
T278 574-586 NN denotes relationship
T279 587-594 IN denotes between
T280 595-600 DT denotes these
T281 601-608 NNS denotes signals
T282 609-612 CC denotes and
T283 613-616 DT denotes the
T284 638-642 NN denotes gene
T285 617-621 JJ denotes male
T286 622-625 NN denotes sex
T287 625-626 HYPH denotes -
T288 626-637 VBG denotes determining
T289 642-644 , denotes ,
T290 644-647 NN denotes Sry
T291 647-649 , denotes ,
T292 653-660 JJ denotes unknown
T293 660-661 . denotes .
T294 661-819 sentence denotes We show through gain- and loss-of-function experiments that fibroblast growth factor 9 (FGF9) and WNT4 act as opposing signals to regulate sex determination.
T295 662-664 PRP denotes We
T296 665-669 VBP denotes show
T297 670-677 IN denotes through
T298 678-682 NN denotes gain
T299 705-716 NNS denotes experiments
T300 682-683 HYPH denotes -
T301 684-687 CC denotes and
T302 688-692 NN denotes loss
T303 692-693 HYPH denotes -
T304 693-695 IN denotes of
T305 695-696 HYPH denotes -
T306 696-704 NN denotes function
T307 717-721 IN denotes that
T308 765-768 VBP denotes act
T309 722-732 NN denotes fibroblast
T310 740-746 NN denotes factor
T311 733-739 NN denotes growth
T312 747-748 CD denotes 9
T313 749-750 -LRB- denotes (
T314 750-754 NN denotes FGF9
T315 754-755 -RRB- denotes )
T316 756-759 CC denotes and
T317 760-764 NN denotes WNT4
T318 769-771 IN denotes as
T319 772-780 VBG denotes opposing
T320 781-788 NNS denotes signals
T321 789-791 TO denotes to
T322 792-800 VB denotes regulate
T323 801-804 NN denotes sex
T324 805-818 NN denotes determination
T325 818-819 . denotes .
T326 819-984 sentence denotes In the mouse XY gonad, Sry normally initiates a feed-forward loop between Sox9 and Fgf9, which up-regulates Fgf9 and represses Wnt4 to establish the testis pathway.
T327 820-822 IN denotes In
T328 856-865 VBZ denotes initiates
T329 823-826 DT denotes the
T330 836-841 NN denotes gonad
T331 827-832 NN denotes mouse
T332 833-835 NN denotes XY
T333 841-843 , denotes ,
T334 843-846 NN denotes Sry
T335 847-855 RB denotes normally
T336 866-867 DT denotes a
T337 881-885 NN denotes loop
T338 868-872 VB denotes feed
T339 872-873 HYPH denotes -
T340 873-880 RP denotes forward
T341 886-893 IN denotes between
T342 894-898 NN denotes Sox9
T343 899-902 CC denotes and
T344 903-907 NN denotes Fgf9
T345 907-909 , denotes ,
T346 909-914 WDT denotes which
T347 918-927 VBZ denotes regulates
T348 915-917 RB denotes up
T349 917-918 HYPH denotes -
T350 928-932 NN denotes Fgf9
T351 933-936 CC denotes and
T352 937-946 VBZ denotes represses
T353 947-951 NN denotes Wnt4
T354 952-954 TO denotes to
T355 955-964 VB denotes establish
T356 965-968 DT denotes the
T357 976-983 NN denotes pathway
T358 969-975 NN denotes testis
T359 983-984 . denotes .
T360 984-1090 sentence denotes Surprisingly, loss of Wnt4 in XX gonads is sufficient to up-regulate Fgf9 and Sox9 in the absence of Sry.
T361 985-997 RB denotes Surprisingly
T362 1025-1027 VBZ denotes is
T363 997-999 , denotes ,
T364 999-1003 NN denotes loss
T365 1004-1006 IN denotes of
T366 1007-1011 NN denotes Wnt4
T367 1012-1014 IN denotes in
T368 1015-1017 NN denotes XX
T369 1018-1024 NNS denotes gonads
T370 1028-1038 JJ denotes sufficient
T371 1039-1041 TO denotes to
T372 1045-1053 VB denotes regulate
T373 1042-1044 RB denotes up
T374 1044-1045 HYPH denotes -
T375 1054-1058 NN denotes Fgf9
T376 1059-1062 CC denotes and
T377 1063-1067 NN denotes Sox9
T378 1068-1070 IN denotes in
T379 1071-1074 DT denotes the
T380 1075-1082 NN denotes absence
T381 1083-1085 IN denotes of
T382 1086-1089 NN denotes Sry
T383 1089-1090 . denotes .
T384 1090-1187 sentence denotes These data suggest that the fate of the gonad is controlled by antagonism between Fgf9 and Wnt4.
T385 1091-1096 DT denotes These
T386 1097-1101 NNS denotes data
T387 1102-1109 VBP denotes suggest
T388 1110-1114 IN denotes that
T389 1140-1150 VBN denotes controlled
T390 1115-1118 DT denotes the
T391 1119-1123 NN denotes fate
T392 1124-1126 IN denotes of
T393 1127-1130 DT denotes the
T394 1131-1136 NN denotes gonad
T395 1137-1139 VBZ denotes is
T396 1151-1153 IN denotes by
T397 1154-1164 NN denotes antagonism
T398 1165-1172 IN denotes between
T399 1173-1177 NN denotes Fgf9
T400 1178-1181 CC denotes and
T401 1182-1186 NN denotes Wnt4
T402 1186-1187 . denotes .
T403 1187-1326 sentence denotes The role of the male sex-determining switch— Sry in the case of mammals—is to tip the balance between these underlying patterning signals.
T404 1188-1191 DT denotes The
T405 1192-1196 NN denotes role
T406 1260-1262 VBZ denotes is
T407 1197-1199 IN denotes of
T408 1200-1203 DT denotes the
T409 1225-1231 NN denotes switch
T410 1204-1208 JJ denotes male
T411 1209-1212 NN denotes sex
T412 1212-1213 HYPH denotes -
T413 1213-1224 VBG denotes determining
T414 1231-1232 HYPH denotes —
T415 1233-1236 NN denotes Sry
T416 1237-1239 IN denotes in
T417 1240-1243 DT denotes the
T418 1244-1248 NN denotes case
T419 1249-1251 IN denotes of
T420 1252-1259 NNS denotes mammals
T421 1259-1260 HYPH denotes —
T422 1263-1265 TO denotes to
T423 1266-1269 VB denotes tip
T424 1270-1273 DT denotes the
T425 1274-1281 NN denotes balance
T426 1282-1289 IN denotes between
T427 1290-1295 DT denotes these
T428 1318-1325 NNS denotes signals
T429 1296-1306 VBG denotes underlying
T430 1307-1317 NN denotes patterning
T431 1325-1326 . denotes .
T432 1326-1477 sentence denotes In principle, sex determination in other vertebrates may operate through any switch that introduces an imbalance between these two signaling pathways.
T433 1327-1329 IN denotes In
T434 1384-1391 VB denotes operate
T435 1330-1339 JJ denotes principle
T436 1339-1341 , denotes ,
T437 1341-1344 NN denotes sex
T438 1345-1358 NN denotes determination
T439 1359-1361 IN denotes in
T440 1362-1367 JJ denotes other
T441 1368-1379 NNS denotes vertebrates
T442 1380-1383 MD denotes may
T443 1392-1399 IN denotes through
T444 1400-1403 DT denotes any
T445 1404-1410 NN denotes switch
T446 1411-1415 WDT denotes that
T447 1416-1426 VBZ denotes introduces
T448 1427-1429 DT denotes an
T449 1430-1439 NN denotes imbalance
T450 1440-1447 IN denotes between
T451 1448-1453 DT denotes these
T452 1468-1476 NNS denotes pathways
T453 1454-1457 CD denotes two
T454 1458-1467 NN denotes signaling
T455 1476-1477 . denotes .
T1206 1703-1706 DT denotes The
T1207 1707-1718 NN denotes development
T1208 1761-1763 VBZ denotes is
T1209 1719-1721 IN denotes of
T1210 1722-1730 RB denotes sexually
T1211 1731-1740 JJ denotes dimorphic
T1212 1754-1760 NNS denotes organs
T1213 1741-1753 JJ denotes reproductive
T1214 1764-1765 DT denotes a
T1215 1773-1780 NN denotes feature
T1216 1766-1772 JJ denotes common
T1217 1781-1786 IN denotes among
T1218 1787-1793 NN denotes animal
T1219 1794-1801 NNS denotes species
T1220 1801-1802 . denotes .
T1221 1802-1909 sentence denotes The testis and ovary represent two divergent pathways of development from the bipotential embryonic gonad.
T1222 1803-1806 DT denotes The
T1223 1807-1813 NN denotes testis
T1224 1824-1833 VBP denotes represent
T1225 1814-1817 CC denotes and
T1226 1818-1823 NN denotes ovary
T1227 1834-1837 CD denotes two
T1228 1848-1856 NNS denotes pathways
T1229 1838-1847 JJ denotes divergent
T1230 1857-1859 IN denotes of
T1231 1860-1871 NN denotes development
T1232 1872-1876 IN denotes from
T1233 1877-1880 DT denotes the
T1234 1903-1908 NN denotes gonad
T1235 1881-1892 JJ denotes bipotential
T1236 1893-1902 JJ denotes embryonic
T1237 1908-1909 . denotes .
T1238 1909-2125 sentence denotes The switch that initiates divergent development of the gonad is highly diverse among species; however, the underlying mechanisms that lead to the establishment of ovary or testis pathways are likely to be conserved.
T1239 1910-1913 DT denotes The
T1240 1914-1920 NN denotes switch
T1241 1971-1973 VBZ denotes is
T1242 1921-1925 WDT denotes that
T1243 1926-1935 VBZ denotes initiates
T1244 1936-1945 JJ denotes divergent
T1245 1946-1957 NN denotes development
T1246 1958-1960 IN denotes of
T1247 1961-1964 DT denotes the
T1248 1965-1970 NN denotes gonad
T1249 2098-2101 VBP denotes are
T1250 1974-1980 RB denotes highly
T1251 1981-1988 JJ denotes diverse
T1252 1989-1994 IN denotes among
T1253 1995-2002 NNS denotes species
T1254 2002-2003 : denotes ;
T1255 2004-2011 RB denotes however
T1256 2011-2013 , denotes ,
T1257 2013-2016 DT denotes the
T1258 2028-2038 NNS denotes mechanisms
T1259 2017-2027 VBG denotes underlying
T1260 2039-2043 WDT denotes that
T1261 2044-2048 VBP denotes lead
T1262 2049-2051 IN denotes to
T1263 2052-2055 DT denotes the
T1264 2056-2069 NN denotes establishment
T1265 2070-2072 IN denotes of
T1266 2073-2078 NN denotes ovary
T1267 2089-2097 NNS denotes pathways
T1268 2079-2081 CC denotes or
T1269 2082-2088 NN denotes testis
T1270 2102-2108 JJ denotes likely
T1271 2109-2111 TO denotes to
T1272 2115-2124 VBN denotes conserved
T1273 2112-2114 VB denotes be
T1274 2124-2125 . denotes .
T1275 2125-2227 sentence denotes In all species, the embryonic gonad is made up of a mixed population of germ cells and somatic cells.
T1276 2126-2128 IN denotes In
T1277 2165-2169 VBN denotes made
T1278 2129-2132 DT denotes all
T1279 2133-2140 NNS denotes species
T1280 2140-2142 , denotes ,
T1281 2142-2145 DT denotes the
T1282 2156-2161 NN denotes gonad
T1283 2146-2155 JJ denotes embryonic
T1284 2162-2164 VBZ denotes is
T1285 2170-2172 RP denotes up
T1286 2173-2175 IN denotes of
T1287 2176-2177 DT denotes a
T1288 2184-2194 NN denotes population
T1289 2178-2183 JJ denotes mixed
T1290 2195-2197 IN denotes of
T1291 2198-2202 NN denotes germ
T1292 2203-2208 NNS denotes cells
T1293 2209-2212 CC denotes and
T1294 2213-2220 JJ denotes somatic
T1295 2221-2226 NNS denotes cells
T1296 2226-2227 . denotes .
T1297 2227-2377 sentence denotes This tissue is remarkable in that all of its cells are believed to be bipotential, and can differentiate into ovarian or testicular lineages [ 1, 2].
T1298 2228-2232 DT denotes This
T1299 2233-2239 NN denotes tissue
T1300 2240-2242 VBZ denotes is
T1301 2243-2253 JJ denotes remarkable
T1302 2254-2256 IN denotes in
T1303 2283-2291 VBN denotes believed
T1304 2257-2261 IN denotes that
T1305 2262-2265 DT denotes all
T1306 2266-2268 IN denotes of
T1307 2269-2272 PRP$ denotes its
T1308 2273-2278 NNS denotes cells
T1309 2279-2282 VBP denotes are
T1310 2292-2294 TO denotes to
T1311 2295-2297 VB denotes be
T1312 2298-2309 JJ denotes bipotential
T1313 2309-2311 , denotes ,
T1314 2311-2314 CC denotes and
T1315 2315-2318 MD denotes can
T1316 2319-2332 VB denotes differentiate
T1317 2333-2337 IN denotes into
T1318 2338-2345 JJ denotes ovarian
T1319 2360-2368 NNS denotes lineages
T1320 2346-2348 CC denotes or
T1321 2349-2359 JJ denotes testicular
T1322 2369-2370 -LRB- denotes [
T1323 2374-2375 CD denotes 2
T1324 2371-2372 CD denotes 1
T1325 2372-2373 , denotes ,
T1326 2375-2376 -RRB- denotes ]
T1327 2376-2377 . denotes .
T1328 2377-2862 sentence denotes Consistent with the idea that cells in this primordium are poised between two developmental pathways, some of the genes that are involved in establishing sexual dimorphism, including Dax1 (dosage-sensitive sex reversal-congenital adrenal hypoplasia critical region on the X chromosome protein 1), Sox9 (Sry-like HMG box 9), Fgf9 (fibroblast growth factor 9), and Wnt4 (wingless-related MMTV integration site 4), are initially expressed in similar patterns in XX and XY gonads [ 3– 8].
T1329 2378-2388 JJ denotes Consistent
T1330 2804-2813 VBN denotes expressed
T1331 2389-2393 IN denotes with
T1332 2394-2397 DT denotes the
T1333 2398-2402 NN denotes idea
T1334 2403-2407 IN denotes that
T1335 2437-2443 VBN denotes poised
T1336 2408-2413 NNS denotes cells
T1337 2414-2416 IN denotes in
T1338 2417-2421 DT denotes this
T1339 2422-2432 NN denotes primordium
T1340 2433-2436 VBP denotes are
T1341 2444-2451 IN denotes between
T1342 2452-2455 CD denotes two
T1343 2470-2478 NNS denotes pathways
T1344 2456-2469 JJ denotes developmental
T1345 2478-2480 , denotes ,
T1346 2480-2484 DT denotes some
T1347 2485-2487 IN denotes of
T1348 2488-2491 DT denotes the
T1349 2492-2497 NNS denotes genes
T1350 2498-2502 WDT denotes that
T1351 2507-2515 VBN denotes involved
T1352 2503-2506 VBP denotes are
T1353 2516-2518 IN denotes in
T1354 2519-2531 VBG denotes establishing
T1355 2532-2538 JJ denotes sexual
T1356 2539-2549 NN denotes dimorphism
T1357 2549-2551 , denotes ,
T1358 2551-2560 VBG denotes including
T1359 2561-2565 NN denotes Dax1
T1360 2566-2567 -LRB- denotes (
T1361 2636-2642 NN denotes region
T1362 2567-2573 NN denotes dosage
T1363 2574-2583 JJ denotes sensitive
T1364 2573-2574 HYPH denotes -
T1365 2584-2587 NN denotes sex
T1366 2588-2596 NN denotes reversal
T1367 2597-2607 JJ denotes congenital
T1368 2596-2597 HYPH denotes -
T1369 2608-2615 JJ denotes adrenal
T1370 2616-2626 NN denotes hypoplasia
T1371 2627-2635 JJ denotes critical
T1372 2643-2645 IN denotes on
T1373 2646-2649 DT denotes the
T1374 2663-2670 NN denotes protein
T1375 2650-2651 NN denotes X
T1376 2652-2662 NN denotes chromosome
T1377 2671-2672 CD denotes 1
T1378 2672-2673 -RRB- denotes )
T1379 2673-2675 , denotes ,
T1380 2675-2679 NN denotes Sox9
T1381 2680-2681 -LRB- denotes (
T1382 2681-2684 NN denotes Sry
T1383 2694-2697 NN denotes box
T1384 2684-2685 HYPH denotes -
T1385 2685-2689 JJ denotes like
T1386 2690-2693 NN denotes HMG
T1387 2698-2699 CD denotes 9
T1388 2699-2700 -RRB- denotes )
T1389 2700-2702 , denotes ,
T1390 2702-2706 NN denotes Fgf9
T1391 2707-2708 -LRB- denotes (
T1392 2708-2718 NN denotes fibroblast
T1393 2726-2732 NN denotes factor
T1394 2719-2725 NN denotes growth
T1395 2733-2734 CD denotes 9
T1396 2734-2735 -RRB- denotes )
T1397 2735-2737 , denotes ,
T1398 2737-2740 CC denotes and
T1399 2741-2745 NN denotes Wnt4
T1400 2746-2747 -LRB- denotes (
T1401 2747-2755 JJ denotes wingless
T1402 2756-2763 VBN denotes related
T1403 2755-2756 HYPH denotes -
T1404 2781-2785 NN denotes site
T1405 2764-2768 NN denotes MMTV
T1406 2769-2780 NN denotes integration
T1407 2786-2787 CD denotes 4
T1408 2787-2788 -RRB- denotes )
T1409 2788-2790 , denotes ,
T1410 2790-2793 VBP denotes are
T1411 2794-2803 RB denotes initially
T1412 2814-2816 IN denotes in
T1413 2817-2824 JJ denotes similar
T1414 2825-2833 NNS denotes patterns
T1415 2834-2836 IN denotes in
T1416 2837-2839 NN denotes XX
T1417 2847-2853 NNS denotes gonads
T1418 2840-2843 CC denotes and
T1419 2844-2846 NN denotes XY
T1420 2854-2855 -LRB- denotes [
T1421 2856-2857 CD denotes 3
T1422 2857-2858 SYM denotes –
T1423 2859-2860 CD denotes 8
T1424 2860-2861 -RRB- denotes ]
T1425 2861-2862 . denotes .
T1426 2862-3200 sentence denotes The conventional view of mammalian sex determination is that the basic pathway of organ development is ovarian, and that the testis-determining gene operates by diverting this program toward testis development by simultaneously influencing the fate of the key supporting cell lineage and initiating a male-specific morphogenetic program.
T1427 2863-2866 DT denotes The
T1428 2880-2884 NN denotes view
T1429 2867-2879 JJ denotes conventional
T1430 2916-2918 VBZ denotes is
T1431 2885-2887 IN denotes of
T1432 2888-2897 JJ denotes mammalian
T1433 2902-2915 NN denotes determination
T1434 2898-2901 NN denotes sex
T1435 2919-2923 IN denotes that
T1436 2963-2965 VBZ denotes is
T1437 2924-2927 DT denotes the
T1438 2934-2941 NN denotes pathway
T1439 2928-2933 JJ denotes basic
T1440 2942-2944 IN denotes of
T1441 2945-2950 NN denotes organ
T1442 2951-2962 NN denotes development
T1443 2966-2973 JJ denotes ovarian
T1444 2973-2975 , denotes ,
T1445 2975-2978 CC denotes and
T1446 2979-2983 IN denotes that
T1447 3012-3020 VBZ denotes operates
T1448 2984-2987 DT denotes the
T1449 3007-3011 NN denotes gene
T1450 2988-2994 NN denotes testis
T1451 2994-2995 HYPH denotes -
T1452 2995-3006 VBG denotes determining
T1453 3021-3023 IN denotes by
T1454 3024-3033 VBG denotes diverting
T1455 3034-3038 DT denotes this
T1456 3039-3046 NN denotes program
T1457 3047-3053 IN denotes toward
T1458 3054-3060 NN denotes testis
T1459 3061-3072 NN denotes development
T1460 3073-3075 IN denotes by
T1461 3076-3090 RB denotes simultaneously
T1462 3091-3102 VBG denotes influencing
T1463 3103-3106 DT denotes the
T1464 3107-3111 NN denotes fate
T1465 3112-3114 IN denotes of
T1466 3115-3118 DT denotes the
T1467 3139-3146 NN denotes lineage
T1468 3119-3122 JJ denotes key
T1469 3123-3133 VBG denotes supporting
T1470 3134-3138 NN denotes cell
T1471 3147-3150 CC denotes and
T1472 3151-3161 VBG denotes initiating
T1473 3162-3163 DT denotes a
T1474 3192-3199 NN denotes program
T1475 3164-3168 JJ denotes male
T1476 3169-3177 JJ denotes specific
T1477 3168-3169 HYPH denotes -
T1478 3178-3191 JJ denotes morphogenetic
T1479 3199-3200 . denotes .
T1480 3200-3291 sentence denotes All of the experimental evidence suggests that these two processes are closely interwoven.
T1481 3201-3204 DT denotes All
T1482 3234-3242 VBZ denotes suggests
T1483 3205-3207 IN denotes of
T1484 3208-3211 DT denotes the
T1485 3225-3233 NN denotes evidence
T1486 3212-3224 JJ denotes experimental
T1487 3243-3247 IN denotes that
T1488 3268-3271 VBP denotes are
T1489 3248-3253 DT denotes these
T1490 3258-3267 NNS denotes processes
T1491 3254-3257 CD denotes two
T1492 3272-3279 RB denotes closely
T1493 3280-3290 JJ denotes interwoven
T1494 3290-3291 . denotes .
T1495 3291-3461 sentence denotes For example, both proliferation [ 9] and migration of cells to trigger testis cord formation [ 10, 11] appear to be closely integrated with Sertoli cell differentiation.
T1496 3292-3295 IN denotes For
T1497 3395-3401 VBP denotes appear
T1498 3296-3303 NN denotes example
T1499 3303-3305 , denotes ,
T1500 3305-3309 CC denotes both
T1501 3310-3323 NN denotes proliferation
T1502 3324-3325 -LRB- denotes [
T1503 3326-3327 CD denotes 9
T1504 3327-3328 -RRB- denotes ]
T1505 3329-3332 CC denotes and
T1506 3333-3342 NN denotes migration
T1507 3343-3345 IN denotes of
T1508 3346-3351 NNS denotes cells
T1509 3352-3354 TO denotes to
T1510 3355-3362 VB denotes trigger
T1511 3363-3369 NN denotes testis
T1512 3375-3384 NN denotes formation
T1513 3370-3374 NN denotes cord
T1514 3385-3386 -LRB- denotes [
T1515 3391-3393 CD denotes 11
T1516 3387-3389 CD denotes 10
T1517 3389-3390 , denotes ,
T1518 3393-3394 -RRB- denotes ]
T1519 3402-3404 TO denotes to
T1520 3405-3407 VB denotes be
T1521 3408-3415 RB denotes closely
T1522 3416-3426 JJ denotes integrated
T1523 3427-3431 IN denotes with
T1524 3432-3439 NN denotes Sertoli
T1525 3440-3444 NN denotes cell
T1526 3445-3460 NN denotes differentiation
T1527 3460-3461 . denotes .
T1528 3461-3552 sentence denotes Sry, a Y chromosome-linked gene, is the primary sex-determining gene in mammals [ 12– 14].
T1529 3462-3465 NN denotes Sry
T1530 3495-3497 VBZ denotes is
T1531 3465-3467 , denotes ,
T1532 3467-3468 DT denotes a
T1533 3489-3493 NN denotes gene
T1534 3469-3470 NN denotes Y
T1535 3471-3481 NN denotes chromosome
T1536 3482-3488 VBN denotes linked
T1537 3481-3482 HYPH denotes -
T1538 3493-3495 , denotes ,
T1539 3498-3501 DT denotes the
T1540 3526-3530 NN denotes gene
T1541 3502-3509 JJ denotes primary
T1542 3510-3513 NN denotes sex
T1543 3514-3525 VBG denotes determining
T1544 3513-3514 HYPH denotes -
T1545 3531-3533 IN denotes in
T1546 3534-3541 NNS denotes mammals
T1547 3542-3543 -LRB- denotes [
T1548 3544-3546 CD denotes 12
T1549 3546-3547 SYM denotes –
T1550 3548-3550 CD denotes 14
T1551 3550-3551 -RRB- denotes ]
T1552 3551-3552 . denotes .
T1553 3552-3706 sentence denotes In the absence of Sry expression—in XX embryos, or in XY embryos carrying a deletion of Sry—cells in the gonad follow an ovarian differentiation pathway.
T1554 3553-3555 IN denotes In
T1555 3664-3670 VBP denotes follow
T1556 3556-3559 DT denotes the
T1557 3560-3567 NN denotes absence
T1558 3568-3570 IN denotes of
T1559 3571-3574 NN denotes Sry
T1560 3575-3585 NN denotes expression
T1561 3585-3586 HYPH denotes —
T1562 3586-3588 IN denotes in
T1563 3589-3591 NN denotes XX
T1564 3592-3599 NNS denotes embryos
T1565 3599-3601 , denotes ,
T1566 3601-3603 CC denotes or
T1567 3604-3606 IN denotes in
T1568 3607-3609 NN denotes XY
T1569 3610-3617 NNS denotes embryos
T1570 3618-3626 VBG denotes carrying
T1571 3627-3628 DT denotes a
T1572 3629-3637 NN denotes deletion
T1573 3638-3640 IN denotes of
T1574 3641-3644 NN denotes Sry
T1575 3644-3645 HYPH denotes —
T1576 3645-3650 NNS denotes cells
T1577 3651-3653 IN denotes in
T1578 3654-3657 DT denotes the
T1579 3658-3663 NN denotes gonad
T1580 3671-3673 DT denotes an
T1581 3698-3705 NN denotes pathway
T1582 3674-3681 JJ denotes ovarian
T1583 3682-3697 NN denotes differentiation
T1584 3705-3706 . denotes .
T1585 3706-3908 sentence denotes Genetic evidence from chimeric mice [ 15], and expression studies using reporter transgenes [ 2, 16], indicate that Sry expression is required only in precursors of the somatic supporting cell lineage.
T1586 3707-3714 JJ denotes Genetic
T1587 3715-3723 NN denotes evidence
T1588 3809-3817 VBP denotes indicate
T1589 3724-3728 IN denotes from
T1590 3729-3737 JJ denotes chimeric
T1591 3738-3742 NNS denotes mice
T1592 3743-3744 -LRB- denotes [
T1593 3745-3747 CD denotes 15
T1594 3747-3748 -RRB- denotes ]
T1595 3748-3750 , denotes ,
T1596 3750-3753 CC denotes and
T1597 3754-3764 NN denotes expression
T1598 3765-3772 NNS denotes studies
T1599 3773-3778 VBG denotes using
T1600 3779-3787 NN denotes reporter
T1601 3788-3798 NNS denotes transgenes
T1602 3799-3800 -LRB- denotes [
T1603 3804-3806 CD denotes 16
T1604 3801-3802 CD denotes 2
T1605 3802-3803 , denotes ,
T1606 3806-3807 -RRB- denotes ]
T1607 3807-3809 , denotes ,
T1608 3818-3822 IN denotes that
T1609 3841-3849 VBN denotes required
T1610 3823-3826 NN denotes Sry
T1611 3827-3837 NN denotes expression
T1612 3838-3840 VBZ denotes is
T1613 3850-3854 RB denotes only
T1614 3855-3857 IN denotes in
T1615 3858-3868 NNS denotes precursors
T1616 3869-3871 IN denotes of
T1617 3872-3875 DT denotes the
T1618 3900-3907 NN denotes lineage
T1619 3876-3883 JJ denotes somatic
T1620 3884-3894 NN denotes supporting
T1621 3895-3899 NN denotes cell
T1622 3907-3908 . denotes .
T1623 3908-4090 sentence denotes Expression of Sry in these bipotential cells leads to their differentiation as testis-specific Sertoli cells rather than as follicle cells, the parallel cell type of the ovary [ 2].
T1624 3909-3919 NN denotes Expression
T1625 3954-3959 VBZ denotes leads
T1626 3920-3922 IN denotes of
T1627 3923-3926 NN denotes Sry
T1628 3927-3929 IN denotes in
T1629 3930-3935 DT denotes these
T1630 3948-3953 NNS denotes cells
T1631 3936-3947 JJ denotes bipotential
T1632 3960-3962 IN denotes to
T1633 3963-3968 PRP$ denotes their
T1634 3969-3984 NN denotes differentiation
T1635 3985-3987 IN denotes as
T1636 3988-3994 NN denotes testis
T1637 3995-4003 JJ denotes specific
T1638 3994-3995 HYPH denotes -
T1639 4012-4017 NNS denotes cells
T1640 4004-4011 NN denotes Sertoli
T1641 4018-4024 IN denotes rather
T1642 4025-4029 IN denotes than
T1643 4030-4032 IN denotes as
T1644 4033-4041 NN denotes follicle
T1645 4042-4047 NNS denotes cells
T1646 4047-4049 , denotes ,
T1647 4049-4052 DT denotes the
T1648 4067-4071 NN denotes type
T1649 4053-4061 JJ denotes parallel
T1650 4062-4066 NN denotes cell
T1651 4072-4074 IN denotes of
T1652 4075-4078 DT denotes the
T1653 4079-4084 NN denotes ovary
T1654 4085-4086 -LRB- denotes [
T1655 4087-4088 CD denotes 2
T1656 4088-4089 -RRB- denotes ]
T1657 4089-4090 . denotes .
T1658 4090-4187 sentence denotes It is believed that the Sertoli cell is the first cell type to differentiate in the gonad [ 17].
T1659 4091-4093 PRP denotes It
T1660 4097-4105 VBN denotes believed
T1661 4094-4096 VBZ denotes is
T1662 4106-4110 IN denotes that
T1663 4128-4130 VBZ denotes is
T1664 4111-4114 DT denotes the
T1665 4123-4127 NN denotes cell
T1666 4115-4122 NN denotes Sertoli
T1667 4131-4134 DT denotes the
T1668 4146-4150 NN denotes type
T1669 4135-4140 JJ denotes first
T1670 4141-4145 NN denotes cell
T1671 4151-4153 TO denotes to
T1672 4154-4167 VB denotes differentiate
T1673 4168-4170 IN denotes in
T1674 4171-4174 DT denotes the
T1675 4175-4180 NN denotes gonad
T1676 4181-4182 -LRB- denotes [
T1677 4183-4185 CD denotes 17
T1678 4185-4186 -RRB- denotes ]
T1679 4186-4187 . denotes .
T1680 4187-4333 sentence denotes There is substantial evidence that a critical threshold number of Sertoli cells is required to establish testis differentiation [ 9, 15, 18– 20].
T1681 4188-4193 EX denotes There
T1682 4194-4196 VBZ denotes is
T1683 4197-4208 JJ denotes substantial
T1684 4209-4217 NN denotes evidence
T1685 4218-4222 IN denotes that
T1686 4271-4279 VBN denotes required
T1687 4223-4224 DT denotes a
T1688 4244-4250 NN denotes number
T1689 4225-4233 JJ denotes critical
T1690 4234-4243 NN denotes threshold
T1691 4251-4253 IN denotes of
T1692 4254-4261 NN denotes Sertoli
T1693 4262-4267 NNS denotes cells
T1694 4268-4270 VBZ denotes is
T1695 4280-4282 TO denotes to
T1696 4283-4292 VB denotes establish
T1697 4293-4299 NN denotes testis
T1698 4300-4315 NN denotes differentiation
T1699 4316-4317 -LRB- denotes [
T1700 4321-4323 CD denotes 15
T1701 4318-4319 CD denotes 9
T1702 4319-4320 , denotes ,
T1703 4323-4324 , denotes ,
T1704 4325-4327 CD denotes 18
T1705 4327-4328 SYM denotes –
T1706 4329-4331 CD denotes 20
T1707 4331-4332 -RRB- denotes ]
T1708 4332-4333 . denotes .
T1709 4333-4409 sentence denotes In cases where this threshold is not reached, ovary differentiation ensues.
T1710 4334-4336 IN denotes In
T1711 4402-4408 VBZ denotes ensues
T1712 4337-4342 NNS denotes cases
T1713 4343-4348 WRB denotes where
T1714 4371-4378 VBN denotes reached
T1715 4349-4353 DT denotes this
T1716 4354-4363 NN denotes threshold
T1717 4364-4366 VBZ denotes is
T1718 4367-4370 RB denotes not
T1719 4378-4380 , denotes ,
T1720 4380-4385 NN denotes ovary
T1721 4386-4401 NN denotes differentiation
T1722 4408-4409 . denotes .
T1723 4409-4503 sentence denotes Once Sry expression begins, expression patterns of other genes in the gonad begin to diverge.
T1724 4410-4414 IN denotes Once
T1725 4430-4436 VBZ denotes begins
T1726 4415-4418 NN denotes Sry
T1727 4419-4429 NN denotes expression
T1728 4486-4491 VB denotes begin
T1729 4436-4438 , denotes ,
T1730 4438-4448 NN denotes expression
T1731 4449-4457 NNS denotes patterns
T1732 4458-4460 IN denotes of
T1733 4461-4466 JJ denotes other
T1734 4467-4472 NNS denotes genes
T1735 4473-4475 IN denotes in
T1736 4476-4479 DT denotes the
T1737 4480-4485 NN denotes gonad
T1738 4492-4494 TO denotes to
T1739 4495-4502 VB denotes diverge
T1740 4502-4503 . denotes .
T1741 4503-4682 sentence denotes The first gene downstream of Sry known to show male-specific up-regulation in Sertoli cell precursors is a related gene expressed in many tissues in the developing embryo , Sox9.
T1742 4504-4507 DT denotes The
T1743 4514-4518 NN denotes gene
T1744 4508-4513 JJ denotes first
T1745 4606-4608 VBZ denotes is
T1746 4519-4529 RB denotes downstream
T1747 4530-4532 IN denotes of
T1748 4533-4536 NN denotes Sry
T1749 4537-4542 VBN denotes known
T1750 4543-4545 TO denotes to
T1751 4546-4550 VB denotes show
T1752 4551-4555 JJ denotes male
T1753 4556-4564 JJ denotes specific
T1754 4555-4556 HYPH denotes -
T1755 4568-4578 NN denotes regulation
T1756 4565-4567 JJ denotes up
T1757 4567-4568 HYPH denotes -
T1758 4579-4581 IN denotes in
T1759 4582-4589 NN denotes Sertoli
T1760 4590-4594 NN denotes cell
T1761 4595-4605 NNS denotes precursors
T1762 4609-4610 DT denotes a
T1763 4619-4623 NN denotes gene
T1764 4611-4618 VBN denotes related
T1765 4624-4633 VBN denotes expressed
T1766 4634-4636 IN denotes in
T1767 4637-4641 JJ denotes many
T1768 4642-4649 NNS denotes tissues
T1769 4650-4652 IN denotes in
T1770 4653-4656 DT denotes the
T1771 4668-4674 NN denotes embryo
T1772 4657-4667 VBG denotes developing
T1773 4675-4677 , denotes ,
T1774 4677-4681 NN denotes Sox9
T1775 4681-4682 . denotes .
T1776 4682-4865 sentence denotes Disruption of Sox9 expression in the XY gonad causes male-to-female sex reversal [ 21, 22], whereas increasing the dose of Sox9 in the XX gonad leads to testis development [ 23– 25].
T1777 4683-4693 NN denotes Disruption
T1778 4729-4735 VBZ denotes causes
T1779 4694-4696 IN denotes of
T1780 4697-4701 NN denotes Sox9
T1781 4702-4712 NN denotes expression
T1782 4713-4715 IN denotes in
T1783 4716-4719 DT denotes the
T1784 4723-4728 NN denotes gonad
T1785 4720-4722 NN denotes XY
T1786 4736-4740 JJ denotes male
T1787 4755-4763 NN denotes reversal
T1788 4740-4741 HYPH denotes -
T1789 4741-4743 IN denotes to
T1790 4743-4744 HYPH denotes -
T1791 4744-4750 JJ denotes female
T1792 4751-4754 NN denotes sex
T1793 4764-4765 -LRB- denotes [
T1794 4770-4772 CD denotes 22
T1795 4766-4768 CD denotes 21
T1796 4768-4769 , denotes ,
T1797 4772-4773 -RRB- denotes ]
T1798 4773-4775 , denotes ,
T1799 4775-4782 IN denotes whereas
T1800 4827-4832 VBZ denotes leads
T1801 4783-4793 VBG denotes increasing
T1802 4794-4797 DT denotes the
T1803 4798-4802 NN denotes dose
T1804 4803-4805 IN denotes of
T1805 4806-4810 NN denotes Sox9
T1806 4811-4813 IN denotes in
T1807 4814-4817 DT denotes the
T1808 4821-4826 NN denotes gonad
T1809 4818-4820 NN denotes XX
T1810 4833-4835 IN denotes to
T1811 4836-4842 NN denotes testis
T1812 4843-4854 NN denotes development
T1813 4855-4856 -LRB- denotes [
T1814 4857-4859 CD denotes 23
T1815 4859-4860 SYM denotes –
T1816 4861-4863 CD denotes 25
T1817 4863-4864 -RRB- denotes ]
T1818 4864-4865 . denotes .
T1819 4865-4941 sentence denotes These studies indicate that Sox9 plays a central role in sex determination.
T1820 4866-4871 DT denotes These
T1821 4872-4879 NNS denotes studies
T1822 4880-4888 VBP denotes indicate
T1823 4889-4893 IN denotes that
T1824 4899-4904 VBZ denotes plays
T1825 4894-4898 NN denotes Sox9
T1826 4905-4906 DT denotes a
T1827 4915-4919 NN denotes role
T1828 4907-4914 JJ denotes central
T1829 4920-4922 IN denotes in
T1830 4923-4926 NN denotes sex
T1831 4927-4940 NN denotes determination
T1832 4940-4941 . denotes .
T1833 4941-5057 sentence denotes Unlike Sry, which is specific to mammals, expression of Sox9 is known to be conserved in the gonad of many species.
T1834 4942-4948 IN denotes Unlike
T1835 5006-5011 VBN denotes known
T1836 4949-4952 NN denotes Sry
T1837 4952-4954 , denotes ,
T1838 4954-4959 WDT denotes which
T1839 4960-4962 VBZ denotes is
T1840 4963-4971 JJ denotes specific
T1841 4972-4974 IN denotes to
T1842 4975-4982 NNS denotes mammals
T1843 4982-4984 , denotes ,
T1844 4984-4994 NN denotes expression
T1845 4995-4997 IN denotes of
T1846 4998-5002 NN denotes Sox9
T1847 5003-5005 VBZ denotes is
T1848 5012-5014 TO denotes to
T1849 5018-5027 VBN denotes conserved
T1850 5015-5017 VB denotes be
T1851 5028-5030 IN denotes in
T1852 5031-5034 DT denotes the
T1853 5035-5040 NN denotes gonad
T1854 5041-5043 IN denotes of
T1855 5044-5048 JJ denotes many
T1856 5049-5056 NNS denotes species
T1857 5056-5057 . denotes .
T1858 5057-5134 sentence denotes In mammals, Sox9 is up-regulated immediately after Sry expression initiates.
T1859 5058-5060 IN denotes In
T1860 5081-5090 VBN denotes regulated
T1861 5061-5068 NNS denotes mammals
T1862 5068-5070 , denotes ,
T1863 5070-5074 NN denotes Sox9
T1864 5075-5077 VBZ denotes is
T1865 5078-5080 RB denotes up
T1866 5080-5081 HYPH denotes -
T1867 5091-5102 RB denotes immediately
T1868 5124-5133 VBZ denotes initiates
T1869 5103-5108 IN denotes after
T1870 5109-5112 NN denotes Sry
T1871 5113-5123 NN denotes expression
T1872 5133-5134 . denotes .
T1873 5134-5424 sentence denotes Experiments tracing Sry-expressing cells using a stable reporter demonstrated that once testis differentiation is established, all Sertoli cells that express Sox9 are descendants of cells that have expressed Sry [ 16], suggesting that activation of Sox9 is a cell-autonomous effect of Sry.
T1874 5135-5146 NNS denotes Experiments
T1875 5200-5212 VBD denotes demonstrated
T1876 5147-5154 VBG denotes tracing
T1877 5155-5158 NN denotes Sry
T1878 5170-5175 NNS denotes cells
T1879 5158-5159 HYPH denotes -
T1880 5159-5169 VBG denotes expressing
T1881 5176-5181 VBG denotes using
T1882 5182-5183 DT denotes a
T1883 5191-5199 NN denotes reporter
T1884 5184-5190 JJ denotes stable
T1885 5213-5217 IN denotes that
T1886 5298-5301 VBP denotes are
T1887 5218-5222 IN denotes once
T1888 5249-5260 VBN denotes established
T1889 5223-5229 NN denotes testis
T1890 5230-5245 NN denotes differentiation
T1891 5246-5248 VBZ denotes is
T1892 5260-5262 , denotes ,
T1893 5262-5265 DT denotes all
T1894 5274-5279 NNS denotes cells
T1895 5266-5273 NN denotes Sertoli
T1896 5280-5284 WDT denotes that
T1897 5285-5292 VBP denotes express
T1898 5293-5297 NN denotes Sox9
T1899 5302-5313 NNS denotes descendants
T1900 5314-5316 IN denotes of
T1901 5317-5322 NNS denotes cells
T1902 5323-5327 WDT denotes that
T1903 5333-5342 VBN denotes expressed
T1904 5328-5332 VBP denotes have
T1905 5343-5346 NN denotes Sry
T1906 5347-5348 -LRB- denotes [
T1907 5349-5351 CD denotes 16
T1908 5351-5352 -RRB- denotes ]
T1909 5352-5354 , denotes ,
T1910 5354-5364 VBG denotes suggesting
T1911 5365-5369 IN denotes that
T1912 5389-5391 VBZ denotes is
T1913 5370-5380 NN denotes activation
T1914 5381-5383 IN denotes of
T1915 5384-5388 NN denotes Sox9
T1916 5392-5393 DT denotes a
T1917 5410-5416 NN denotes effect
T1918 5394-5398 NN denotes cell
T1919 5399-5409 JJ denotes autonomous
T1920 5398-5399 HYPH denotes -
T1921 5417-5419 IN denotes of
T1922 5420-5423 NN denotes Sry
T1923 5423-5424 . denotes .
T1924 5424-5787 sentence denotes However, mutations in several signaling pathways including Fgf9 and Igf1r/Irr/Ir (insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor/insulin receptor-related receptor/insulin receptor) resulted in loss of Sox9 expression and partial or complete sex reversal [ 26, 27], suggesting that extracellular signaling pathways play a significant role during primary sex determination.
T1925 5425-5432 RB denotes However
T1926 5597-5605 VBD denotes resulted
T1927 5432-5434 , denotes ,
T1928 5434-5443 NNS denotes mutations
T1929 5444-5446 IN denotes in
T1930 5447-5454 JJ denotes several
T1931 5465-5473 NNS denotes pathways
T1932 5455-5464 NN denotes signaling
T1933 5474-5483 VBG denotes including
T1934 5484-5488 NN denotes Fgf9
T1935 5489-5492 CC denotes and
T1936 5493-5498 NN denotes Igf1r
T1937 5503-5505 NN denotes Ir
T1938 5498-5499 HYPH denotes /
T1939 5499-5502 NN denotes Irr
T1940 5502-5503 HYPH denotes /
T1941 5506-5507 -LRB- denotes (
T1942 5507-5514 NN denotes insulin
T1943 5515-5519 JJ denotes like
T1944 5514-5515 HYPH denotes -
T1945 5536-5544 NN denotes receptor
T1946 5520-5526 NN denotes growth
T1947 5527-5533 NN denotes factor
T1948 5534-5535 CD denotes 1
T1949 5544-5545 HYPH denotes /
T1950 5545-5552 NN denotes insulin
T1951 5553-5561 NN denotes receptor
T1952 5562-5569 VBN denotes related
T1953 5561-5562 HYPH denotes -
T1954 5570-5578 NN denotes receptor
T1955 5578-5579 HYPH denotes /
T1956 5579-5586 NN denotes insulin
T1957 5587-5595 NN denotes receptor
T1958 5595-5596 -RRB- denotes )
T1959 5606-5608 IN denotes in
T1960 5609-5613 NN denotes loss
T1961 5614-5616 IN denotes of
T1962 5617-5621 NN denotes Sox9
T1963 5622-5632 NN denotes expression
T1964 5633-5636 CC denotes and
T1965 5637-5644 JJ denotes partial
T1966 5661-5669 NN denotes reversal
T1967 5645-5647 CC denotes or
T1968 5648-5656 JJ denotes complete
T1969 5657-5660 NN denotes sex
T1970 5670-5671 -LRB- denotes [
T1971 5676-5678 CD denotes 27
T1972 5672-5674 CD denotes 26
T1973 5674-5675 , denotes ,
T1974 5678-5679 -RRB- denotes ]
T1975 5679-5681 , denotes ,
T1976 5681-5691 VBG denotes suggesting
T1977 5692-5696 IN denotes that
T1978 5730-5734 VBP denotes play
T1979 5697-5710 JJ denotes extracellular
T1980 5721-5729 NNS denotes pathways
T1981 5711-5720 NN denotes signaling
T1982 5735-5736 DT denotes a
T1983 5749-5753 NN denotes role
T1984 5737-5748 JJ denotes significant
T1985 5754-5760 IN denotes during
T1986 5761-5768 JJ denotes primary
T1987 5769-5772 NN denotes sex
T1988 5773-5786 NN denotes determination
T1989 5786-5787 . denotes .
T1990 5787-6061 sentence denotes Mice homozygous for a null mutation in Fgf9 display male-to-female sex reversal caused by disruption of all testis-specific cellular events, including cell proliferation, mesonephric cell migration, testis cord formation, and the differentiation of Sertoli cells [ 26, 27].
T1991 5788-5792 NNS denotes Mice
T1992 5832-5839 VBP denotes display
T1993 5793-5803 JJ denotes homozygous
T1994 5804-5807 IN denotes for
T1995 5808-5809 DT denotes a
T1996 5815-5823 NN denotes mutation
T1997 5810-5814 JJ denotes null
T1998 5824-5826 IN denotes in
T1999 5827-5831 NN denotes Fgf9
T2000 5840-5844 JJ denotes male
T2001 5859-5867 NN denotes reversal
T2002 5844-5845 HYPH denotes -
T2003 5845-5847 IN denotes to
T2004 5847-5848 HYPH denotes -
T2005 5848-5854 JJ denotes female
T2006 5855-5858 NN denotes sex
T2007 5868-5874 VBN denotes caused
T2008 5875-5877 IN denotes by
T2009 5878-5888 NN denotes disruption
T2010 5889-5891 IN denotes of
T2011 5892-5895 DT denotes all
T2012 5921-5927 NNS denotes events
T2013 5896-5902 NN denotes testis
T2014 5903-5911 JJ denotes specific
T2015 5902-5903 HYPH denotes -
T2016 5912-5920 JJ denotes cellular
T2017 5927-5929 , denotes ,
T2018 5929-5938 VBG denotes including
T2019 5939-5943 NN denotes cell
T2020 5944-5957 NN denotes proliferation
T2021 5957-5959 , denotes ,
T2022 5959-5970 JJ denotes mesonephric
T2023 5971-5975 NN denotes cell
T2024 5976-5985 NN denotes migration
T2025 5985-5987 , denotes ,
T2026 5987-5993 NN denotes testis
T2027 5994-5998 NN denotes cord
T2028 5999-6008 NN denotes formation
T2029 6008-6010 , denotes ,
T2030 6010-6013 CC denotes and
T2031 6014-6017 DT denotes the
T2032 6018-6033 NN denotes differentiation
T2033 6034-6036 IN denotes of
T2034 6037-6044 NN denotes Sertoli
T2035 6045-6050 NNS denotes cells
T2036 6051-6052 -LRB- denotes [
T2037 6057-6059 CD denotes 27
T2038 6053-6055 CD denotes 26
T2039 6055-6056 , denotes ,
T2040 6059-6060 -RRB- denotes ]
T2041 6060-6061 . denotes .
T2042 6061-6214 sentence denotes Fgf9, like many of the founding signals in the gonads, is initially expressed in gonads of both sexes, but becomes male-specific after Sry is expressed.
T2043 6062-6066 NN denotes Fgf9
T2044 6130-6139 VBN denotes expressed
T2045 6066-6068 , denotes ,
T2046 6068-6072 IN denotes like
T2047 6073-6077 JJ denotes many
T2048 6078-6080 IN denotes of
T2049 6081-6084 DT denotes the
T2050 6094-6101 NNS denotes signals
T2051 6085-6093 JJ denotes founding
T2052 6102-6104 IN denotes in
T2053 6105-6108 DT denotes the
T2054 6109-6115 NNS denotes gonads
T2055 6115-6117 , denotes ,
T2056 6117-6119 VBZ denotes is
T2057 6120-6129 RB denotes initially
T2058 6140-6142 IN denotes in
T2059 6143-6149 NNS denotes gonads
T2060 6150-6152 IN denotes of
T2061 6153-6157 DT denotes both
T2062 6158-6163 NNS denotes sexes
T2063 6163-6165 , denotes ,
T2064 6165-6168 CC denotes but
T2065 6169-6176 VBZ denotes becomes
T2066 6177-6181 JJ denotes male
T2067 6182-6190 JJ denotes specific
T2068 6181-6182 HYPH denotes -
T2069 6191-6196 IN denotes after
T2070 6204-6213 VBN denotes expressed
T2071 6197-6200 NN denotes Sry
T2072 6201-6203 VBZ denotes is
T2073 6213-6214 . denotes .
T2074 6214-6344 sentence denotes In a reciprocal manner, expression of Wnt4, which is also initially common to gonads of both sexes, becomes female-specific [ 8].
T2075 6215-6217 IN denotes In
T2076 6315-6322 VBZ denotes becomes
T2077 6218-6219 DT denotes a
T2078 6231-6237 NN denotes manner
T2079 6220-6230 JJ denotes reciprocal
T2080 6237-6239 , denotes ,
T2081 6239-6249 NN denotes expression
T2082 6250-6252 IN denotes of
T2083 6253-6257 NN denotes Wnt4
T2084 6257-6259 , denotes ,
T2085 6259-6264 WDT denotes which
T2086 6265-6267 VBZ denotes is
T2087 6268-6272 RB denotes also
T2088 6273-6282 RB denotes initially
T2089 6283-6289 JJ denotes common
T2090 6290-6292 IN denotes to
T2091 6293-6299 NNS denotes gonads
T2092 6300-6302 IN denotes of
T2093 6303-6307 DT denotes both
T2094 6308-6313 NNS denotes sexes
T2095 6313-6315 , denotes ,
T2096 6323-6329 JJ denotes female
T2097 6330-6338 JJ denotes specific
T2098 6329-6330 HYPH denotes -
T2099 6339-6340 -LRB- denotes [
T2100 6341-6342 CD denotes 8
T2101 6342-6343 -RRB- denotes ]
T2102 6343-6344 . denotes .
T2103 6344-6449 sentence denotes XX gonads with a null mutation in Wnt4 display some obvious aspects of testicular differentiation [ 28].
T2104 6345-6347 NN denotes XX
T2105 6348-6354 NNS denotes gonads
T2106 6384-6391 VBP denotes display
T2107 6355-6359 IN denotes with
T2108 6360-6361 DT denotes a
T2109 6367-6375 NN denotes mutation
T2110 6362-6366 JJ denotes null
T2111 6376-6378 IN denotes in
T2112 6379-6383 NN denotes Wnt4
T2113 6392-6396 DT denotes some
T2114 6405-6412 NNS denotes aspects
T2115 6397-6404 JJ denotes obvious
T2116 6413-6415 IN denotes of
T2117 6416-6426 JJ denotes testicular
T2118 6427-6442 NN denotes differentiation
T2119 6443-6444 -LRB- denotes [
T2120 6445-6447 CD denotes 28
T2121 6447-6448 -RRB- denotes ]
T2122 6448-6449 . denotes .
T2123 6449-6628 sentence denotes Based on the theory that Sertoli cells initiate all downstream testicular differentiation, this might imply that Sertoli differentiation had been initiated in Wnt4 −/− XX gonads.
T2124 6450-6455 VBN denotes Based
T2125 6552-6557 VB denotes imply
T2126 6456-6458 IN denotes on
T2127 6459-6462 DT denotes the
T2128 6463-6469 NN denotes theory
T2129 6470-6474 IN denotes that
T2130 6489-6497 VBP denotes initiate
T2131 6475-6482 NN denotes Sertoli
T2132 6483-6488 NNS denotes cells
T2133 6498-6501 DT denotes all
T2134 6524-6539 NN denotes differentiation
T2135 6502-6512 JJ denotes downstream
T2136 6513-6523 JJ denotes testicular
T2137 6539-6541 , denotes ,
T2138 6541-6545 DT denotes this
T2139 6546-6551 MD denotes might
T2140 6558-6562 IN denotes that
T2141 6596-6605 VBN denotes initiated
T2142 6563-6570 NN denotes Sertoli
T2143 6571-6586 NN denotes differentiation
T2144 6587-6590 VBD denotes had
T2145 6591-6595 VBN denotes been
T2146 6606-6608 IN denotes in
T2147 6609-6613 NN denotes Wnt4
T2148 6621-6627 NNS denotes gonads
T2149 6614-6615 SYM denotes −
T2150 6615-6616 HYPH denotes /
T2151 6616-6617 SYM denotes −
T2152 6618-6620 NN denotes XX
T2153 6627-6628 . denotes .
T2154 6628-6843 sentence denotes However, expression of Sertoli cell markers was not previously detected in these mutants during fetal stages [ 8, 29], leading to the conclusion that Wnt4 was not involved in primary sex determination in the gonad.
T2155 6629-6636 RB denotes However
T2156 6692-6700 VBN denotes detected
T2157 6636-6638 , denotes ,
T2158 6638-6648 NN denotes expression
T2159 6649-6651 IN denotes of
T2160 6652-6659 NN denotes Sertoli
T2161 6660-6664 NN denotes cell
T2162 6665-6672 NNS denotes markers
T2163 6673-6676 VBD denotes was
T2164 6677-6680 RB denotes not
T2165 6681-6691 RB denotes previously
T2166 6701-6703 IN denotes in
T2167 6704-6709 DT denotes these
T2168 6710-6717 NNS denotes mutants
T2169 6718-6724 IN denotes during
T2170 6725-6730 JJ denotes fetal
T2171 6731-6737 NNS denotes stages
T2172 6738-6739 -LRB- denotes [
T2173 6743-6745 CD denotes 29
T2174 6740-6741 CD denotes 8
T2175 6741-6742 , denotes ,
T2176 6745-6746 -RRB- denotes ]
T2177 6746-6748 , denotes ,
T2178 6748-6755 VBG denotes leading
T2179 6756-6758 IN denotes to
T2180 6759-6762 DT denotes the
T2181 6763-6773 NN denotes conclusion
T2182 6774-6778 IN denotes that
T2183 6792-6800 VBN denotes involved
T2184 6779-6783 NN denotes Wnt4
T2185 6784-6787 VBD denotes was
T2186 6788-6791 RB denotes not
T2187 6801-6803 IN denotes in
T2188 6804-6811 JJ denotes primary
T2189 6812-6815 NN denotes sex
T2190 6816-6829 NN denotes determination
T2191 6830-6832 IN denotes in
T2192 6833-6836 DT denotes the
T2193 6837-6842 NN denotes gonad
T2194 6842-6843 . denotes .
T2195 6843-7000 sentence denotes To integrate these findings, we investigated the genetic relationship of Sry, Sox9, Fgf9, and Wnt4 in the regulatory network that governs the gonadal field.
T2196 6844-6846 TO denotes To
T2197 6847-6856 VB denotes integrate
T2198 6876-6888 VBD denotes investigated
T2199 6857-6862 DT denotes these
T2200 6863-6871 NNS denotes findings
T2201 6871-6873 , denotes ,
T2202 6873-6875 PRP denotes we
T2203 6889-6892 DT denotes the
T2204 6901-6913 NN denotes relationship
T2205 6893-6900 JJ denotes genetic
T2206 6914-6916 IN denotes of
T2207 6917-6920 NN denotes Sry
T2208 6920-6922 , denotes ,
T2209 6922-6926 NN denotes Sox9
T2210 6926-6928 , denotes ,
T2211 6928-6932 NN denotes Fgf9
T2212 6932-6934 , denotes ,
T2213 6934-6937 CC denotes and
T2214 6938-6942 NN denotes Wnt4
T2215 6943-6945 IN denotes in
T2216 6946-6949 DT denotes the
T2217 6961-6968 NN denotes network
T2218 6950-6960 JJ denotes regulatory
T2219 6969-6973 WDT denotes that
T2220 6974-6981 VBZ denotes governs
T2221 6982-6985 DT denotes the
T2222 6994-6999 NN denotes field
T2223 6986-6993 JJ denotes gonadal
T2224 6999-7000 . denotes .
T2225 7000-7250 sentence denotes We show that the loss of Fgf9 in homozygous mutant XY gonads does not affect the expression of SRY or the initial up-regulation of SOX9; however, SOX9 expression is not maintained in the Fgf9 −/− mutant gonads, and testis differentiation is aborted.
T2226 7001-7003 PRP denotes We
T2227 7004-7008 VBP denotes show
T2228 7170-7180 VBN denotes maintained
T2229 7009-7013 IN denotes that
T2230 7071-7077 VB denotes affect
T2231 7014-7017 DT denotes the
T2232 7018-7022 NN denotes loss
T2233 7023-7025 IN denotes of
T2234 7026-7030 NN denotes Fgf9
T2235 7031-7033 IN denotes in
T2236 7034-7044 JJ denotes homozygous
T2237 7045-7051 NN denotes mutant
T2238 7055-7061 NNS denotes gonads
T2239 7052-7054 NN denotes XY
T2240 7062-7066 VBZ denotes does
T2241 7067-7070 RB denotes not
T2242 7078-7081 DT denotes the
T2243 7082-7092 NN denotes expression
T2244 7093-7095 IN denotes of
T2245 7096-7099 NN denotes SRY
T2246 7100-7102 CC denotes or
T2247 7103-7106 DT denotes the
T2248 7118-7128 NN denotes regulation
T2249 7107-7114 JJ denotes initial
T2250 7115-7117 JJ denotes up
T2251 7117-7118 HYPH denotes -
T2252 7129-7131 IN denotes of
T2253 7132-7136 NN denotes SOX9
T2254 7136-7137 : denotes ;
T2255 7138-7145 RB denotes however
T2256 7145-7147 , denotes ,
T2257 7147-7151 NN denotes SOX9
T2258 7152-7162 NN denotes expression
T2259 7163-7165 VBZ denotes is
T2260 7166-7169 RB denotes not
T2261 7181-7183 IN denotes in
T2262 7184-7187 DT denotes the
T2263 7204-7210 NNS denotes gonads
T2264 7188-7192 NN denotes Fgf9
T2265 7193-7194 SYM denotes −
T2266 7194-7195 HYPH denotes /
T2267 7195-7196 SYM denotes −
T2268 7197-7203 NN denotes mutant
T2269 7210-7212 , denotes ,
T2270 7212-7215 CC denotes and
T2271 7216-7222 NN denotes testis
T2272 7223-7238 NN denotes differentiation
T2273 7242-7249 VBN denotes aborted
T2274 7239-7241 VBZ denotes is
T2275 7249-7250 . denotes .
T2276 7250-7322 sentence denotes We also demonstrate that FGF9 represses the ovary-promoting gene, Wnt4.
T2277 7251-7253 PRP denotes We
T2278 7259-7270 VBP denotes demonstrate
T2279 7254-7258 RB denotes also
T2280 7271-7275 IN denotes that
T2281 7281-7290 VBZ denotes represses
T2282 7276-7280 NN denotes FGF9
T2283 7291-7294 DT denotes the
T2284 7311-7315 NN denotes gene
T2285 7295-7300 NN denotes ovary
T2286 7301-7310 VBG denotes promoting
T2287 7300-7301 HYPH denotes -
T2288 7315-7317 , denotes ,
T2289 7317-7321 NN denotes Wnt4
T2290 7321-7322 . denotes .
T2291 7322-7495 sentence denotes We hypothesize that FGF9 functions in a feed-forward loop to expand Sertoli precursor cells, which secrete FGF9, to a critical threshold number sufficient to suppress Wnt4.
T2292 7323-7325 PRP denotes We
T2293 7326-7337 VBP denotes hypothesize
T2294 7338-7342 IN denotes that
T2295 7348-7357 VBZ denotes functions
T2296 7343-7347 NN denotes FGF9
T2297 7358-7360 IN denotes in
T2298 7361-7362 DT denotes a
T2299 7376-7380 NN denotes loop
T2300 7363-7367 NN denotes feed
T2301 7367-7368 HYPH denotes -
T2302 7368-7375 RB denotes forward
T2303 7381-7383 TO denotes to
T2304 7384-7390 VB denotes expand
T2305 7391-7398 NN denotes Sertoli
T2306 7409-7414 NNS denotes cells
T2307 7399-7408 NN denotes precursor
T2308 7414-7416 , denotes ,
T2309 7416-7421 WDT denotes which
T2310 7422-7429 VBP denotes secrete
T2311 7430-7434 NN denotes FGF9
T2312 7434-7436 , denotes ,
T2313 7436-7438 IN denotes to
T2314 7439-7440 DT denotes a
T2315 7460-7466 NN denotes number
T2316 7441-7449 JJ denotes critical
T2317 7450-7459 NN denotes threshold
T2318 7467-7477 JJ denotes sufficient
T2319 7478-7480 TO denotes to
T2320 7481-7489 VB denotes suppress
T2321 7490-7494 NN denotes Wnt4
T2322 7494-7495 . denotes .
T2323 7495-7590 sentence denotes This directly or indirectly stabilizes SOX9 expression and secures the male fate of the gonad.
T2324 7496-7500 DT denotes This
T2325 7524-7534 VBZ denotes stabilizes
T2326 7501-7509 RB denotes directly
T2327 7510-7512 CC denotes or
T2328 7513-7523 RB denotes indirectly
T2329 7535-7539 NN denotes SOX9
T2330 7540-7550 NN denotes expression
T2331 7551-7554 CC denotes and
T2332 7555-7562 VBZ denotes secures
T2333 7563-7566 DT denotes the
T2334 7572-7576 NN denotes fate
T2335 7567-7571 JJ denotes male
T2336 7577-7579 IN denotes of
T2337 7580-7583 DT denotes the
T2338 7584-7589 NN denotes gonad
T2339 7589-7590 . denotes .
T2340 7590-7671 sentence denotes WNT4 seems to oppose the male pathway by repressing expression of SOX9 and FGF9.
T2341 7591-7595 NN denotes WNT4
T2342 7596-7601 VBZ denotes seems
T2343 7602-7604 TO denotes to
T2344 7605-7611 VB denotes oppose
T2345 7612-7615 DT denotes the
T2346 7621-7628 NN denotes pathway
T2347 7616-7620 JJ denotes male
T2348 7629-7631 IN denotes by
T2349 7632-7642 VBG denotes repressing
T2350 7643-7653 NN denotes expression
T2351 7654-7656 IN denotes of
T2352 7657-7661 NN denotes SOX9
T2353 7662-7665 CC denotes and
T2354 7666-7670 NN denotes FGF9
T2355 7670-7671 . denotes .
T2356 7671-7798 sentence denotes Surprisingly, both male pathway genes are transiently activated in Wnt4 −/− XX gonads in the absence of the Y-linked gene Sry.
T2357 7672-7684 RB denotes Surprisingly
T2358 7726-7735 VBN denotes activated
T2359 7684-7686 , denotes ,
T2360 7686-7690 DT denotes both
T2361 7704-7709 NNS denotes genes
T2362 7691-7695 JJ denotes male
T2363 7696-7703 NN denotes pathway
T2364 7710-7713 VBP denotes are
T2365 7714-7725 RB denotes transiently
T2366 7736-7738 IN denotes in
T2367 7739-7743 NN denotes Wnt4
T2368 7751-7757 NNS denotes gonads
T2369 7744-7745 SYM denotes −
T2370 7745-7746 HYPH denotes /
T2371 7746-7747 SYM denotes −
T2372 7748-7750 NN denotes XX
T2373 7758-7760 IN denotes in
T2374 7761-7764 DT denotes the
T2375 7765-7772 NN denotes absence
T2376 7773-7775 IN denotes of
T2377 7776-7779 DT denotes the
T2378 7789-7793 NN denotes gene
T2379 7780-7781 NN denotes Y
T2380 7782-7788 VBN denotes linked
T2381 7781-7782 HYPH denotes -
T2382 7794-7797 NN denotes Sry
T2383 7797-7798 . denotes .
T2384 7798-7986 sentence denotes Based on this genetic and in vitro data, we suggest that the plasticity of the bipotential gonad is controlled by mutually antagonistic signals between FGF9 and WNT4 in the gonadal field.
T2385 7799-7804 VBN denotes Based
T2386 7843-7850 VBP denotes suggest
T2387 7805-7807 IN denotes on
T2388 7808-7812 DT denotes this
T2389 7834-7838 NNS denotes data
T2390 7813-7820 JJ denotes genetic
T2391 7821-7824 CC denotes and
T2392 7825-7827 FW denotes in
T2393 7828-7833 FW denotes vitro
T2394 7838-7840 , denotes ,
T2395 7840-7842 PRP denotes we
T2396 7851-7855 IN denotes that
T2397 7899-7909 VBN denotes controlled
T2398 7856-7859 DT denotes the
T2399 7860-7870 NN denotes plasticity
T2400 7871-7873 IN denotes of
T2401 7874-7877 DT denotes the
T2402 7890-7895 NN denotes gonad
T2403 7878-7889 JJ denotes bipotential
T2404 7896-7898 VBZ denotes is
T2405 7910-7912 IN denotes by
T2406 7913-7921 RB denotes mutually
T2407 7922-7934 JJ denotes antagonistic
T2408 7935-7942 NNS denotes signals
T2409 7943-7950 IN denotes between
T2410 7951-7955 NN denotes FGF9
T2411 7956-7959 CC denotes and
T2412 7960-7964 NN denotes WNT4
T2413 7965-7967 IN denotes in
T2414 7968-7971 DT denotes the
T2415 7980-7985 NN denotes field
T2416 7972-7979 JJ denotes gonadal
T2417 7985-7986 . denotes .
T2418 7986-8095 sentence denotes These signals coordinate sexually dimorphic patterns of growth, morphogenesis, and cellular differentiation.
T2419 7987-7992 DT denotes These
T2420 7993-8000 NNS denotes signals
T2421 8001-8011 VBP denotes coordinate
T2422 8012-8020 RB denotes sexually
T2423 8021-8030 JJ denotes dimorphic
T2424 8031-8039 NNS denotes patterns
T2425 8040-8042 IN denotes of
T2426 8043-8049 NN denotes growth
T2427 8049-8051 , denotes ,
T2428 8051-8064 NN denotes morphogenesis
T2429 8064-8066 , denotes ,
T2430 8066-8069 CC denotes and
T2431 8070-8078 JJ denotes cellular
T2432 8079-8094 NN denotes differentiation
T2433 8094-8095 . denotes .
T2598 8106-8111 RB denotes Early
T2599 8124-8134 NN denotes Expression
T2600 8112-8123 JJ denotes Bipotential
T2601 8143-8151 VBZ denotes Resolves
T2602 8135-8137 IN denotes of
T2603 8138-8142 NN denotes FGF9
T2604 8152-8154 IN denotes to
T2605 8155-8157 DT denotes an
T2606 8170-8177 NN denotes Pattern
T2607 8158-8160 NN denotes XY
T2608 8161-8169 JJ denotes Specific
T2609 8160-8161 HYPH denotes -
T2610 8178-8180 IN denotes by
T2611 8181-8185 CD denotes 12.5
T2612 8186-8189 NNS denotes dpc
T2613 8189-8281 sentence denotes Using an antibody specific to FGF9, we examined expression during normal gonad development.
T2614 8190-8195 VBG denotes Using
T2615 8229-8237 VBD denotes examined
T2616 8196-8198 DT denotes an
T2617 8199-8207 NN denotes antibody
T2618 8208-8216 JJ denotes specific
T2619 8217-8219 IN denotes to
T2620 8220-8224 NN denotes FGF9
T2621 8224-8226 , denotes ,
T2622 8226-8228 PRP denotes we
T2623 8238-8248 NN denotes expression
T2624 8249-8255 IN denotes during
T2625 8256-8262 JJ denotes normal
T2626 8269-8280 NN denotes development
T2627 8263-8268 NN denotes gonad
T2628 8280-8281 . denotes .
T2629 8281-8375 sentence denotes FGF9 protein was distributed throughout the 11.5 dpc gonad in both sexes ( Figure 1A and 1B).
T2630 8282-8286 NN denotes FGF9
T2631 8287-8294 NN denotes protein
T2632 8299-8310 VBN denotes distributed
T2633 8295-8298 VBD denotes was
T2634 8311-8321 IN denotes throughout
T2635 8322-8325 DT denotes the
T2636 8335-8340 NN denotes gonad
T2637 8326-8330 CD denotes 11.5
T2638 8331-8334 NN denotes dpc
T2639 8341-8343 IN denotes in
T2640 8344-8348 DT denotes both
T2641 8349-8354 NNS denotes sexes
T2642 8355-8356 -LRB- denotes (
T2643 8364-8366 NN denotes 1A
T2644 8357-8363 NN denotes Figure
T2645 8367-8370 CC denotes and
T2646 8371-8373 NN denotes 1B
T2647 8373-8374 -RRB- denotes )
T2648 8374-8375 . denotes .
T2649 8375-8527 sentence denotes However, by 12.5 dpc, FGF9 was detected only in XY gonads in two domains: in cells near the surface of gonads and in cells located within testis cords.
T2650 8376-8383 RB denotes However
T2651 8407-8415 VBN denotes detected
T2652 8383-8385 , denotes ,
T2653 8385-8387 IN denotes by
T2654 8388-8392 CD denotes 12.5
T2655 8393-8396 NNS denotes dpc
T2656 8396-8398 , denotes ,
T2657 8398-8402 NN denotes FGF9
T2658 8403-8406 VBD denotes was
T2659 8416-8420 RB denotes only
T2660 8421-8423 IN denotes in
T2661 8424-8426 NN denotes XY
T2662 8427-8433 NNS denotes gonads
T2663 8434-8436 IN denotes in
T2664 8437-8440 CD denotes two
T2665 8441-8448 NNS denotes domains
T2666 8448-8450 : denotes :
T2667 8450-8452 IN denotes in
T2668 8453-8458 NNS denotes cells
T2669 8459-8463 IN denotes near
T2670 8464-8467 DT denotes the
T2671 8468-8475 NN denotes surface
T2672 8476-8478 IN denotes of
T2673 8479-8485 NNS denotes gonads
T2674 8486-8489 CC denotes and
T2675 8490-8492 IN denotes in
T2676 8493-8498 NNS denotes cells
T2677 8499-8506 VBN denotes located
T2678 8507-8513 IN denotes within
T2679 8514-8520 NN denotes testis
T2680 8521-8526 NNS denotes cords
T2681 8526-8527 . denotes .
T2682 8527-8619 sentence denotes This sex-specific expression pattern was maintained in gonads at 13.5 dpc ( Figure 1C– 1F).
T2683 8528-8532 DT denotes This
T2684 8557-8564 NN denotes pattern
T2685 8533-8536 NN denotes sex
T2686 8537-8545 JJ denotes specific
T2687 8536-8537 HYPH denotes -
T2688 8546-8556 NN denotes expression
T2689 8569-8579 VBN denotes maintained
T2690 8565-8568 VBD denotes was
T2691 8580-8582 IN denotes in
T2692 8583-8589 NNS denotes gonads
T2693 8590-8592 IN denotes at
T2694 8593-8597 CD denotes 13.5
T2695 8598-8601 NNS denotes dpc
T2696 8602-8603 -LRB- denotes (
T2697 8611-8613 NN denotes 1C
T2698 8604-8610 NN denotes Figure
T2699 8613-8614 SYM denotes –
T2700 8615-8617 NN denotes 1F
T2701 8617-8618 -RRB- denotes )
T2702 8618-8619 . denotes .
T2703 8619-8827 sentence denotes FGF9 expression within testis cords was localized to Sertoli cells and excluded from germ cells based on the germ cell membrane marker platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule (PECAM) ( Figure 1D and 1F).
T2704 8620-8624 NN denotes FGF9
T2705 8625-8635 NN denotes expression
T2706 8660-8669 VBN denotes localized
T2707 8636-8642 IN denotes within
T2708 8643-8649 NN denotes testis
T2709 8650-8655 NNS denotes cords
T2710 8656-8659 VBD denotes was
T2711 8670-8672 IN denotes to
T2712 8673-8680 NN denotes Sertoli
T2713 8681-8686 NNS denotes cells
T2714 8687-8690 CC denotes and
T2715 8691-8699 VBD denotes excluded
T2716 8700-8704 IN denotes from
T2717 8705-8709 NN denotes germ
T2718 8710-8715 NNS denotes cells
T2719 8716-8721 VBN denotes based
T2720 8722-8724 IN denotes on
T2721 8725-8728 DT denotes the
T2722 8790-8798 NN denotes molecule
T2723 8729-8733 NN denotes germ
T2724 8734-8738 NN denotes cell
T2725 8739-8747 NN denotes membrane
T2726 8748-8754 NN denotes marker
T2727 8755-8763 NN denotes platelet
T2728 8763-8764 HYPH denotes /
T2729 8764-8775 JJ denotes endothelial
T2730 8776-8780 NN denotes cell
T2731 8781-8789 NN denotes adhesion
T2732 8799-8800 -LRB- denotes (
T2733 8800-8805 NN denotes PECAM
T2734 8805-8806 -RRB- denotes )
T2735 8807-8808 -LRB- denotes (
T2736 8816-8818 NN denotes 1D
T2737 8809-8815 NN denotes Figure
T2738 8819-8822 CC denotes and
T2739 8823-8825 NN denotes 1F
T2740 8825-8826 -RRB- denotes )
T2741 8826-8827 . denotes .
T2742 8827-8982 sentence denotes To confirm this result, we examined agametic gonads from Kit W/Wv compound heterozygous embryos, which develop testis cords containing Sertoli cells only.
T2743 8828-8830 TO denotes To
T2744 8831-8838 VB denotes confirm
T2745 8855-8863 VBD denotes examined
T2746 8839-8843 DT denotes this
T2747 8844-8850 NN denotes result
T2748 8850-8852 , denotes ,
T2749 8852-8854 PRP denotes we
T2750 8864-8872 JJ denotes agametic
T2751 8873-8879 NNS denotes gonads
T2752 8880-8884 IN denotes from
T2753 8885-8890 NN denotes Kit W
T2754 8891-8893 NN denotes Wv
T2755 8890-8891 HYPH denotes /
T2756 8894-8902 NN denotes compound
T2757 8916-8923 NNS denotes embryos
T2758 8903-8915 JJ denotes heterozygous
T2759 8923-8925 , denotes ,
T2760 8925-8930 WDT denotes which
T2761 8931-8938 VBP denotes develop
T2762 8939-8945 NN denotes testis
T2763 8946-8951 NNS denotes cords
T2764 8952-8962 VBG denotes containing
T2765 8963-8970 NN denotes Sertoli
T2766 8971-8976 NNS denotes cells
T2767 8977-8981 RB denotes only
T2768 8981-8982 . denotes .
T2769 8982-9271 sentence denotes FGF9 was detectable at normal levels in testis cords in XY Kit W/Wv gonads, where alkaline phosphatase staining verified the absence of germ cells ( Figure 1G– 1J), indicating that FGF9 is expressed by Sertoli cells, and that its expression is not dependent on the presence of germ cells.
T2770 8983-8987 NN denotes FGF9
T2771 8988-8991 VBD denotes was
T2772 8992-9002 JJ denotes detectable
T2773 9003-9005 IN denotes at
T2774 9006-9012 JJ denotes normal
T2775 9013-9019 NNS denotes levels
T2776 9020-9022 IN denotes in
T2777 9023-9029 NN denotes testis
T2778 9030-9035 NNS denotes cords
T2779 9036-9038 IN denotes in
T2780 9039-9041 NN denotes XY
T2781 9051-9057 NNS denotes gonads
T2782 9042-9047 NN denotes Kit W
T2783 9048-9050 NN denotes Wv
T2784 9047-9048 HYPH denotes /
T2785 9057-9059 , denotes ,
T2786 9059-9064 WRB denotes where
T2787 9095-9103 VBD denotes verified
T2788 9065-9073 NN denotes alkaline
T2789 9074-9085 NN denotes phosphatase
T2790 9086-9094 NN denotes staining
T2791 9104-9107 DT denotes the
T2792 9108-9115 NN denotes absence
T2793 9116-9118 IN denotes of
T2794 9119-9123 NN denotes germ
T2795 9124-9129 NNS denotes cells
T2796 9130-9131 -LRB- denotes (
T2797 9139-9141 NN denotes 1G
T2798 9132-9138 NN denotes Figure
T2799 9141-9142 SYM denotes –
T2800 9143-9145 NN denotes 1J
T2801 9145-9146 -RRB- denotes )
T2802 9146-9148 , denotes ,
T2803 9148-9158 VBG denotes indicating
T2804 9159-9163 IN denotes that
T2805 9172-9181 VBN denotes expressed
T2806 9164-9168 NN denotes FGF9
T2807 9169-9171 VBZ denotes is
T2808 9182-9184 IN denotes by
T2809 9185-9192 NN denotes Sertoli
T2810 9193-9198 NNS denotes cells
T2811 9198-9200 , denotes ,
T2812 9200-9203 CC denotes and
T2813 9204-9208 IN denotes that
T2814 9224-9226 VBZ denotes is
T2815 9209-9212 PRP$ denotes its
T2816 9213-9223 NN denotes expression
T2817 9227-9230 RB denotes not
T2818 9231-9240 JJ denotes dependent
T2819 9241-9243 IN denotes on
T2820 9244-9247 DT denotes the
T2821 9248-9256 NN denotes presence
T2822 9257-9259 IN denotes of
T2823 9260-9264 NN denotes germ
T2824 9265-9270 NNS denotes cells
T2825 9270-9271 . denotes .
T2826 9271-9431 sentence denotes In summary, FGF9 expression was present in both XX and XY gonads at bipotential stages, and became restricted to XY gonads as testis differentiation proceeded.
T2827 9272-9274 IN denotes In
T2828 9300-9303 VBD denotes was
T2829 9275-9282 NN denotes summary
T2830 9282-9284 , denotes ,
T2831 9284-9288 NN denotes FGF9
T2832 9289-9299 NN denotes expression
T2833 9304-9311 JJ denotes present
T2834 9312-9314 IN denotes in
T2835 9315-9319 CC denotes both
T2836 9330-9336 NNS denotes gonads
T2837 9320-9322 NN denotes XX
T2838 9323-9326 CC denotes and
T2839 9327-9329 NN denotes XY
T2840 9337-9339 IN denotes at
T2841 9340-9351 JJ denotes bipotential
T2842 9352-9358 NNS denotes stages
T2843 9358-9360 , denotes ,
T2844 9360-9363 CC denotes and
T2845 9364-9370 VBD denotes became
T2846 9371-9381 JJ denotes restricted
T2847 9382-9384 IN denotes to
T2848 9385-9387 NN denotes XY
T2849 9388-9394 NNS denotes gonads
T2850 9395-9397 IN denotes as
T2851 9421-9430 VBD denotes proceeded
T2852 9398-9404 NN denotes testis
T2853 9405-9420 NN denotes differentiation
T2854 9430-9431 . denotes .
T3068 10401-10404 NN denotes Sry
T3069 10405-10415 NN denotes Expression
T3070 10416-10418 VBZ denotes Is
T3071 10419-10425 JJ denotes Normal
T3072 10426-10428 IN denotes in
T3073 10429-10439 JJ denotes Homozygous
T3074 10440-10444 JJ denotes Null
T3075 10453-10459 NNS denotes Gonads
T3076 10445-10449 NN denotes Fgf9
T3077 10450-10452 NN denotes XY
T3078 10459-10579 sentence denotes The early expression of Fgf9 in bipotential gonads raised the question of whether Fgf9 is an upstream regulator of Sry.
T3079 10460-10463 DT denotes The
T3080 10470-10480 NN denotes expression
T3081 10464-10469 JJ denotes early
T3082 10511-10517 VBD denotes raised
T3083 10481-10483 IN denotes of
T3084 10484-10488 NN denotes Fgf9
T3085 10489-10491 IN denotes in
T3086 10492-10503 JJ denotes bipotential
T3087 10504-10510 NNS denotes gonads
T3088 10518-10521 DT denotes the
T3089 10522-10530 NN denotes question
T3090 10531-10533 IN denotes of
T3091 10534-10541 IN denotes whether
T3092 10547-10549 VBZ denotes is
T3093 10542-10546 NN denotes Fgf9
T3094 10550-10552 DT denotes an
T3095 10562-10571 NN denotes regulator
T3096 10553-10561 JJ denotes upstream
T3097 10572-10574 IN denotes of
T3098 10575-10578 NN denotes Sry
T3099 10578-10579 . denotes .
T3100 10579-10773 sentence denotes To investigate this possibility, we mated Fgf9 +/− mice with a transgenic reporter line that carries an enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) transgene driven by the Sry promoter Sry- EGFP.
T3101 10580-10582 TO denotes To
T3102 10583-10594 VB denotes investigate
T3103 10616-10621 VBD denotes mated
T3104 10595-10599 DT denotes this
T3105 10600-10611 NN denotes possibility
T3106 10611-10613 , denotes ,
T3107 10613-10615 PRP denotes we
T3108 10622-10626 NN denotes Fgf9
T3109 10629-10630 SYM denotes −
T3110 10627-10628 SYM denotes +
T3111 10628-10629 HYPH denotes /
T3112 10631-10635 NNS denotes mice
T3113 10636-10640 IN denotes with
T3114 10641-10642 DT denotes a
T3115 10663-10667 NN denotes line
T3116 10643-10653 JJ denotes transgenic
T3117 10654-10662 NN denotes reporter
T3118 10668-10672 WDT denotes that
T3119 10673-10680 VBZ denotes carries
T3120 10681-10683 DT denotes an
T3121 10726-10735 NN denotes transgene
T3122 10684-10692 VBN denotes enhanced
T3123 10711-10718 NN denotes protein
T3124 10693-10698 JJ denotes green
T3125 10699-10710 JJ denotes fluorescent
T3126 10719-10720 -LRB- denotes (
T3127 10720-10724 NN denotes EGFP
T3128 10724-10725 -RRB- denotes )
T3129 10736-10742 VBN denotes driven
T3130 10743-10745 IN denotes by
T3131 10746-10749 DT denotes the
T3132 10754-10762 NN denotes promoter
T3133 10750-10753 NN denotes Sry
T3134 10763-10766 NN denotes Sry
T3135 10768-10772 NN denotes EGFP
T3136 10766-10767 HYPH denotes -
T3137 10772-10773 . denotes .
T3138 10773-10863 sentence denotes At early stages, this transgene represents the pattern of endogenous Sry expression [ 2].
T3139 10774-10776 IN denotes At
T3140 10806-10816 VBZ denotes represents
T3141 10777-10782 JJ denotes early
T3142 10783-10789 NNS denotes stages
T3143 10789-10791 , denotes ,
T3144 10791-10795 DT denotes this
T3145 10796-10805 NN denotes transgene
T3146 10817-10820 DT denotes the
T3147 10821-10828 NN denotes pattern
T3148 10829-10831 IN denotes of
T3149 10832-10842 JJ denotes endogenous
T3150 10843-10846 NN denotes Sry
T3151 10847-10857 NN denotes expression
T3152 10858-10859 -LRB- denotes [
T3153 10860-10861 CD denotes 2
T3154 10861-10862 -RRB- denotes ]
T3155 10862-10863 . denotes .
T3156 10863-11072 sentence denotes The expression of the EGFP reporter was detected in Fgf9 −/− XY gonads comparable to Fgf9 +/− littermate controls ( Figure 2A and 2B), suggesting that transcriptional regulation of Sry is independent of Fgf9.
T3157 10864-10867 DT denotes The
T3158 10868-10878 NN denotes expression
T3159 10904-10912 VBN denotes detected
T3160 10879-10881 IN denotes of
T3161 10882-10885 DT denotes the
T3162 10891-10899 NN denotes reporter
T3163 10886-10890 NN denotes EGFP
T3164 10900-10903 VBD denotes was
T3165 10913-10915 IN denotes in
T3166 10916-10920 NN denotes Fgf9
T3167 10928-10934 NNS denotes gonads
T3168 10921-10922 SYM denotes −
T3169 10922-10923 HYPH denotes /
T3170 10923-10924 SYM denotes −
T3171 10925-10927 NN denotes XY
T3172 10935-10945 JJ denotes comparable
T3173 10946-10948 IN denotes to
T3174 10949-10953 NN denotes Fgf9
T3175 10969-10977 NNS denotes controls
T3176 10954-10955 SYM denotes +
T3177 10955-10956 HYPH denotes /
T3178 10956-10957 SYM denotes −
T3179 10958-10968 NN denotes littermate
T3180 10978-10979 -LRB- denotes (
T3181 10987-10989 NN denotes 2A
T3182 10980-10986 NN denotes Figure
T3183 10990-10993 CC denotes and
T3184 10994-10996 NN denotes 2B
T3185 10996-10997 -RRB- denotes )
T3186 10997-10999 , denotes ,
T3187 10999-11009 VBG denotes suggesting
T3188 11010-11014 IN denotes that
T3189 11049-11051 VBZ denotes is
T3190 11015-11030 JJ denotes transcriptional
T3191 11031-11041 NN denotes regulation
T3192 11042-11044 IN denotes of
T3193 11045-11048 NN denotes Sry
T3194 11052-11063 JJ denotes independent
T3195 11064-11066 IN denotes of
T3196 11067-11071 NN denotes Fgf9
T3197 11071-11072 . denotes .
T3198 11072-11231 sentence denotes Sex reversal is caused not only by the loss of normal levels of Sry expression [ 30, 31] , but also by mutations disrupting SRY import into the nucleus [ 32].
T3199 11073-11076 NN denotes Sex
T3200 11077-11085 NN denotes reversal
T3201 11089-11095 VBN denotes caused
T3202 11086-11088 VBZ denotes is
T3203 11096-11099 RB denotes not
T3204 11105-11107 IN denotes by
T3205 11100-11104 RB denotes only
T3206 11108-11111 DT denotes the
T3207 11112-11116 NN denotes loss
T3208 11117-11119 IN denotes of
T3209 11120-11126 JJ denotes normal
T3210 11127-11133 NNS denotes levels
T3211 11134-11136 IN denotes of
T3212 11137-11140 NN denotes Sry
T3213 11141-11151 NN denotes expression
T3214 11152-11153 -LRB- denotes [
T3215 11158-11160 CD denotes 31
T3216 11154-11156 CD denotes 30
T3217 11156-11157 , denotes ,
T3218 11160-11161 -RRB- denotes ]
T3219 11162-11164 , denotes ,
T3220 11164-11167 CC denotes but
T3221 11168-11172 RB denotes also
T3222 11173-11175 IN denotes by
T3223 11176-11185 NNS denotes mutations
T3224 11186-11196 VBG denotes disrupting
T3225 11197-11200 NN denotes SRY
T3226 11201-11207 NN denotes import
T3227 11208-11212 IN denotes into
T3228 11213-11216 DT denotes the
T3229 11217-11224 NN denotes nucleus
T3230 11225-11226 -LRB- denotes [
T3231 11227-11229 CD denotes 32
T3232 11229-11230 -RRB- denotes ]
T3233 11230-11231 . denotes .
T3234 11231-11324 sentence denotes The transgene, Sry-EGFP, does not reflect the intracellular distribution of the SRY protein.
T3235 11232-11235 DT denotes The
T3236 11236-11245 NN denotes transgene
T3237 11266-11273 VB denotes reflect
T3238 11245-11247 , denotes ,
T3239 11247-11250 NN denotes Sry
T3240 11251-11255 NN denotes EGFP
T3241 11250-11251 HYPH denotes -
T3242 11255-11257 , denotes ,
T3243 11257-11261 VBZ denotes does
T3244 11262-11265 RB denotes not
T3245 11274-11277 DT denotes the
T3246 11292-11304 NN denotes distribution
T3247 11278-11291 JJ denotes intracellular
T3248 11305-11307 IN denotes of
T3249 11308-11311 DT denotes the
T3250 11316-11323 NN denotes protein
T3251 11312-11315 NN denotes SRY
T3252 11323-11324 . denotes .
T3253 11324-11554 sentence denotes To investigate this aspect of SRY regulation, we bred Fgf9 +/− mice with another Sry reporter mouse line carrying a Myc-tagged Sry transgene, Sry Myc, which recapitulates the endogenous intracellular SRY expression pattern [ 16].
T3254 11325-11327 TO denotes To
T3255 11328-11339 VB denotes investigate
T3256 11374-11378 VBD denotes bred
T3257 11340-11344 DT denotes this
T3258 11345-11351 NN denotes aspect
T3259 11352-11354 IN denotes of
T3260 11355-11358 NN denotes SRY
T3261 11359-11369 NN denotes regulation
T3262 11369-11371 , denotes ,
T3263 11371-11373 PRP denotes we
T3264 11379-11383 NN denotes Fgf9
T3265 11388-11392 NNS denotes mice
T3266 11384-11385 SYM denotes +
T3267 11385-11386 HYPH denotes /
T3268 11386-11387 SYM denotes −
T3269 11393-11397 IN denotes with
T3270 11398-11405 DT denotes another
T3271 11425-11429 NN denotes line
T3272 11406-11409 NN denotes Sry
T3273 11410-11418 NN denotes reporter
T3274 11419-11424 NN denotes mouse
T3275 11430-11438 VBG denotes carrying
T3276 11439-11440 DT denotes a
T3277 11456-11465 NN denotes transgene
T3278 11441-11444 NN denotes Myc
T3279 11445-11451 VBN denotes tagged
T3280 11444-11445 HYPH denotes -
T3281 11452-11455 NN denotes Sry
T3282 11465-11467 , denotes ,
T3283 11467-11474 NN denotes Sry Myc
T3284 11474-11476 , denotes ,
T3285 11476-11481 WDT denotes which
T3286 11482-11495 VBZ denotes recapitulates
T3287 11496-11499 DT denotes the
T3288 11540-11547 NN denotes pattern
T3289 11500-11510 JJ denotes endogenous
T3290 11511-11524 JJ denotes intracellular
T3291 11525-11528 NN denotes SRY
T3292 11529-11539 NN denotes expression
T3293 11548-11549 -LRB- denotes [
T3294 11550-11552 CD denotes 16
T3295 11552-11553 -RRB- denotes ]
T3296 11553-11554 . denotes .
T3297 11554-11734 sentence denotes Using an antibody against c-MYC, the expression and nuclear localization of SRY MYC in Sry Myc; Fgf9 −/− gonads was indistinguishable from littermate controls ( Figure 2C and 2D).
T3298 11555-11560 VBG denotes Using
T3299 11667-11670 VBD denotes was
T3300 11561-11563 DT denotes an
T3301 11564-11572 NN denotes antibody
T3302 11573-11580 IN denotes against
T3303 11581-11582 NN denotes c
T3304 11583-11586 NN denotes MYC
T3305 11582-11583 HYPH denotes -
T3306 11586-11588 , denotes ,
T3307 11588-11591 DT denotes the
T3308 11592-11602 NN denotes expression
T3309 11603-11606 CC denotes and
T3310 11607-11614 JJ denotes nuclear
T3311 11615-11627 NN denotes localization
T3312 11628-11630 IN denotes of
T3313 11631-11638 NN denotes SRY MYC
T3314 11639-11641 IN denotes in
T3315 11642-11649 NN denotes Sry Myc
T3316 11660-11666 NNS denotes gonads
T3317 11649-11650 : denotes ;
T3318 11651-11655 NN denotes Fgf9
T3319 11656-11657 SYM denotes −
T3320 11657-11658 HYPH denotes /
T3321 11658-11659 SYM denotes −
T3322 11671-11688 JJ denotes indistinguishable
T3323 11689-11693 IN denotes from
T3324 11694-11704 NN denotes littermate
T3325 11705-11713 NNS denotes controls
T3326 11714-11715 -LRB- denotes (
T3327 11723-11725 NN denotes 2C
T3328 11716-11722 NN denotes Figure
T3329 11726-11729 CC denotes and
T3330 11730-11732 NN denotes 2D
T3331 11732-11733 -RRB- denotes )
T3332 11733-11734 . denotes .
T3333 11734-11858 sentence denotes These data using two different Sry transgenic reporter lines provide evidence that Sry expression is not dependent on Fgf9.
T3334 11735-11740 DT denotes These
T3335 11741-11745 NNS denotes data
T3336 11796-11803 VBP denotes provide
T3337 11746-11751 VBG denotes using
T3338 11752-11755 CD denotes two
T3339 11790-11795 NNS denotes lines
T3340 11756-11765 JJ denotes different
T3341 11766-11769 NN denotes Sry
T3342 11770-11780 JJ denotes transgenic
T3343 11781-11789 NN denotes reporter
T3344 11804-11812 NN denotes evidence
T3345 11813-11817 IN denotes that
T3346 11833-11835 VBZ denotes is
T3347 11818-11821 NN denotes Sry
T3348 11822-11832 NN denotes expression
T3349 11836-11839 RB denotes not
T3350 11840-11849 JJ denotes dependent
T3351 11850-11852 IN denotes on
T3352 11853-11857 NN denotes Fgf9
T3353 11857-11858 . denotes .
T3354 11858-11962 sentence denotes Therefore, Fgf9 signaling must act in parallel and/or downstream of Sry to regulate testis development.
T3355 11859-11868 RB denotes Therefore
T3356 11890-11893 VB denotes act
T3357 11868-11870 , denotes ,
T3358 11870-11874 NN denotes Fgf9
T3359 11875-11884 NN denotes signaling
T3360 11885-11889 MD denotes must
T3361 11894-11896 IN denotes in
T3362 11897-11905 JJ denotes parallel
T3363 11906-11909 CC denotes and
T3364 11909-11910 HYPH denotes /
T3365 11910-11912 CC denotes or
T3366 11913-11923 RB denotes downstream
T3367 11924-11926 IN denotes of
T3368 11927-11930 NN denotes Sry
T3369 11931-11933 TO denotes to
T3370 11934-11942 VB denotes regulate
T3371 11943-11949 NN denotes testis
T3372 11950-11961 NN denotes development
T3373 11961-11962 . denotes .
T3596 13183-13187 NN denotes FGF9
T3597 13195-13203 VB denotes Regulate
T3598 13188-13191 MD denotes Can
T3599 13192-13194 RB denotes Up
T3600 13194-13195 HYPH denotes -
T3601 13204-13208 NN denotes SOX9
T3602 13209-13219 NN denotes Expression
T3603 13219-13357 sentence denotes In our previous study we did not observe SOX9 expression at 12.5 dpc in Fgf9 −/− XY gonads that fail to develop into normal testes [ 26].
T3604 13220-13222 IN denotes In
T3605 13253-13260 VB denotes observe
T3606 13223-13226 PRP$ denotes our
T3607 13236-13241 NN denotes study
T3608 13227-13235 JJ denotes previous
T3609 13242-13244 PRP denotes we
T3610 13245-13248 VBD denotes did
T3611 13249-13252 RB denotes not
T3612 13261-13265 NN denotes SOX9
T3613 13266-13276 NN denotes expression
T3614 13277-13279 IN denotes at
T3615 13280-13284 CD denotes 12.5
T3616 13285-13288 NNS denotes dpc
T3617 13289-13291 IN denotes in
T3618 13292-13296 NN denotes Fgf9
T3619 13304-13310 NNS denotes gonads
T3620 13297-13298 SYM denotes −
T3621 13298-13299 HYPH denotes /
T3622 13299-13300 SYM denotes −
T3623 13301-13303 NN denotes XY
T3624 13311-13315 WDT denotes that
T3625 13316-13320 VBP denotes fail
T3626 13321-13323 TO denotes to
T3627 13324-13331 VB denotes develop
T3628 13332-13336 IN denotes into
T3629 13337-13343 JJ denotes normal
T3630 13344-13350 NNS denotes testes
T3631 13351-13352 -LRB- denotes [
T3632 13353-13355 CD denotes 26
T3633 13355-13356 -RRB- denotes ]
T3634 13356-13357 . denotes .
T3635 13357-13543 sentence denotes However, the loss of SOX9 expression at 12.5 dpc could be a consequence of the loss of Sertoli differentiation rather than a reflection of the genetic interaction between FGF9 and SOX9.
T3636 13358-13365 RB denotes However
T3637 13413-13415 VB denotes be
T3638 13365-13367 , denotes ,
T3639 13367-13370 DT denotes the
T3640 13371-13375 NN denotes loss
T3641 13376-13378 IN denotes of
T3642 13379-13383 NN denotes SOX9
T3643 13384-13394 NN denotes expression
T3644 13395-13397 IN denotes at
T3645 13398-13402 CD denotes 12.5
T3646 13403-13406 NNS denotes dpc
T3647 13407-13412 MD denotes could
T3648 13416-13417 DT denotes a
T3649 13418-13429 NN denotes consequence
T3650 13430-13432 IN denotes of
T3651 13433-13436 DT denotes the
T3652 13437-13441 NN denotes loss
T3653 13442-13444 IN denotes of
T3654 13445-13452 NN denotes Sertoli
T3655 13453-13468 NN denotes differentiation
T3656 13469-13475 RB denotes rather
T3657 13476-13480 IN denotes than
T3658 13481-13482 DT denotes a
T3659 13483-13493 NN denotes reflection
T3660 13494-13496 IN denotes of
T3661 13497-13500 DT denotes the
T3662 13509-13520 NN denotes interaction
T3663 13501-13508 JJ denotes genetic
T3664 13521-13528 IN denotes between
T3665 13529-13533 NN denotes FGF9
T3666 13534-13537 CC denotes and
T3667 13538-13542 NN denotes SOX9
T3668 13542-13543 . denotes .
T3669 13543-13727 sentence denotes Normally, Sox9 is weakly expressed in wild-type genital ridges of both XX and XY embryos at 10.5 dpc and, after the onset of Sry expression, is up-regulated in XY gonads [ 5, 33, 16].
T3670 13544-13552 RB denotes Normally
T3671 13569-13578 VBN denotes expressed
T3672 13552-13554 , denotes ,
T3673 13554-13558 NN denotes Sox9
T3674 13559-13561 VBZ denotes is
T3675 13562-13568 RB denotes weakly
T3676 13579-13581 IN denotes in
T3677 13582-13586 JJ denotes wild
T3678 13587-13591 NN denotes type
T3679 13586-13587 HYPH denotes -
T3680 13600-13606 NNS denotes ridges
T3681 13592-13599 JJ denotes genital
T3682 13607-13609 IN denotes of
T3683 13610-13614 CC denotes both
T3684 13615-13617 NN denotes XX
T3685 13625-13632 NNS denotes embryos
T3686 13618-13621 CC denotes and
T3687 13622-13624 NN denotes XY
T3688 13633-13635 IN denotes at
T3689 13636-13640 CD denotes 10.5
T3690 13641-13644 NNS denotes dpc
T3691 13645-13648 CC denotes and
T3692 13648-13650 , denotes ,
T3693 13650-13655 IN denotes after
T3694 13691-13700 VBN denotes regulated
T3695 13656-13659 DT denotes the
T3696 13660-13665 NN denotes onset
T3697 13666-13668 IN denotes of
T3698 13669-13672 NN denotes Sry
T3699 13673-13683 NN denotes expression
T3700 13683-13685 , denotes ,
T3701 13685-13687 VBZ denotes is
T3702 13688-13690 RB denotes up
T3703 13690-13691 HYPH denotes -
T3704 13701-13703 IN denotes in
T3705 13704-13706 NN denotes XY
T3706 13707-13713 NNS denotes gonads
T3707 13714-13715 -LRB- denotes [
T3708 13723-13725 CD denotes 16
T3709 13716-13717 CD denotes 5
T3710 13717-13718 , denotes ,
T3711 13719-13721 CD denotes 33
T3712 13721-13722 , denotes ,
T3713 13725-13726 -RRB- denotes ]
T3714 13726-13727 . denotes .
T3715 13727-13892 sentence denotes As results indicated that Fgf9 functioned downstream of, or in parallel with Sry, we investigated whether Fgf9 was involved in the up-regulation of Sox9 expression.
T3716 13728-13730 IN denotes As
T3717 13739-13748 VBD denotes indicated
T3718 13731-13738 NNS denotes results
T3719 13813-13825 VBD denotes investigated
T3720 13749-13753 IN denotes that
T3721 13759-13769 VBD denotes functioned
T3722 13754-13758 NN denotes Fgf9
T3723 13770-13780 RB denotes downstream
T3724 13805-13808 NN denotes Sry
T3725 13781-13783 IN denotes of
T3726 13783-13785 , denotes ,
T3727 13785-13787 CC denotes or
T3728 13788-13790 IN denotes in
T3729 13791-13799 NN denotes parallel
T3730 13800-13804 IN denotes with
T3731 13808-13810 , denotes ,
T3732 13810-13812 PRP denotes we
T3733 13826-13833 IN denotes whether
T3734 13843-13851 VBN denotes involved
T3735 13834-13838 NN denotes Fgf9
T3736 13839-13842 VBD denotes was
T3737 13852-13854 IN denotes in
T3738 13855-13858 DT denotes the
T3739 13862-13872 NN denotes regulation
T3740 13859-13861 JJ denotes up
T3741 13861-13862 HYPH denotes -
T3742 13873-13875 IN denotes of
T3743 13876-13880 NN denotes Sox9
T3744 13881-13891 NN denotes expression
T3745 13891-13892 . denotes .
T3746 13892-13994 sentence denotes Primary cell culture and gonad culture systems were used to assess Sox9 activation by exogenous FGF9.
T3747 13893-13900 JJ denotes Primary
T3748 13901-13905 NN denotes cell
T3749 13906-13913 NN denotes culture
T3750 13932-13939 NNS denotes systems
T3751 13914-13917 CC denotes and
T3752 13918-13923 NN denotes gonad
T3753 13924-13931 NN denotes culture
T3754 13945-13949 VBN denotes used
T3755 13940-13944 VBD denotes were
T3756 13950-13952 TO denotes to
T3757 13953-13959 VB denotes assess
T3758 13960-13964 NN denotes Sox9
T3759 13965-13975 NN denotes activation
T3760 13976-13978 IN denotes by
T3761 13979-13988 JJ denotes exogenous
T3762 13989-13993 NN denotes FGF9
T3763 13993-13994 . denotes .
T3764 13994-14198 sentence denotes For in vitro cell culture, cells were isolated from 11.5 dpc gonads free of mesonephroi, and cultured on extracellular matrix-coated coverslips with or without addition of purified FGF9 in culture media.
T3765 13995-13998 IN denotes For
T3766 14033-14041 VBN denotes isolated
T3767 13999-14001 FW denotes in
T3768 14002-14007 FW denotes vitro
T3769 14013-14020 NN denotes culture
T3770 14008-14012 NN denotes cell
T3771 14020-14022 , denotes ,
T3772 14022-14027 NNS denotes cells
T3773 14028-14032 VBD denotes were
T3774 14042-14046 IN denotes from
T3775 14047-14051 CD denotes 11.5
T3776 14052-14055 NN denotes dpc
T3777 14056-14062 NNS denotes gonads
T3778 14063-14067 JJ denotes free
T3779 14068-14070 IN denotes of
T3780 14071-14082 NNS denotes mesonephroi
T3781 14082-14084 , denotes ,
T3782 14084-14087 CC denotes and
T3783 14088-14096 VBN denotes cultured
T3784 14097-14099 IN denotes on
T3785 14100-14113 JJ denotes extracellular
T3786 14128-14138 NNS denotes coverslips
T3787 14114-14120 NN denotes matrix
T3788 14121-14127 VBN denotes coated
T3789 14120-14121 HYPH denotes -
T3790 14139-14143 IN denotes with
T3791 14144-14146 CC denotes or
T3792 14147-14154 IN denotes without
T3793 14155-14163 NN denotes addition
T3794 14164-14166 IN denotes of
T3795 14167-14175 VBN denotes purified
T3796 14176-14180 NN denotes FGF9
T3797 14181-14183 IN denotes in
T3798 14184-14191 NN denotes culture
T3799 14192-14197 NNS denotes media
T3800 14197-14198 . denotes .
T3801 14198-14318 sentence denotes After culture for 24 h, SOX9 expression was monitored by an antibody specific to SOX9 in XX cells and control XY cells.
T3802 14199-14204 IN denotes After
T3803 14243-14252 VBN denotes monitored
T3804 14205-14212 NN denotes culture
T3805 14213-14216 IN denotes for
T3806 14217-14219 CD denotes 24
T3807 14220-14221 NNS denotes h
T3808 14221-14223 , denotes ,
T3809 14223-14227 NN denotes SOX9
T3810 14228-14238 NN denotes expression
T3811 14239-14242 VBD denotes was
T3812 14253-14255 IN denotes by
T3813 14256-14258 DT denotes an
T3814 14259-14267 NN denotes antibody
T3815 14268-14276 JJ denotes specific
T3816 14277-14279 IN denotes to
T3817 14280-14284 NN denotes SOX9
T3818 14285-14287 IN denotes in
T3819 14288-14290 NN denotes XX
T3820 14291-14296 NNS denotes cells
T3821 14297-14300 CC denotes and
T3822 14301-14308 NN denotes control
T3823 14312-14317 NNS denotes cells
T3824 14309-14311 NN denotes XY
T3825 14317-14318 . denotes .
T3826 14318-14535 sentence denotes Exogenous FGF9 increased cell number in XX and XY cell cultures compared with cells in a duplicate culture without FGF9 treatment (unpublished data), and caused the up-regulation of SOX9 in XX cells ( Figure 2E– 2H).
T3827 14319-14328 JJ denotes Exogenous
T3828 14329-14333 NN denotes FGF9
T3829 14334-14343 VBD denotes increased
T3830 14344-14348 NN denotes cell
T3831 14349-14355 NN denotes number
T3832 14356-14358 IN denotes in
T3833 14359-14361 NN denotes XX
T3834 14369-14373 NN denotes cell
T3835 14362-14365 CC denotes and
T3836 14366-14368 NN denotes XY
T3837 14374-14382 NNS denotes cultures
T3838 14383-14391 VBN denotes compared
T3839 14392-14396 IN denotes with
T3840 14397-14402 NNS denotes cells
T3841 14403-14405 IN denotes in
T3842 14406-14407 DT denotes a
T3843 14418-14425 NN denotes culture
T3844 14408-14417 JJ denotes duplicate
T3845 14426-14433 IN denotes without
T3846 14434-14438 NN denotes FGF9
T3847 14439-14448 NN denotes treatment
T3848 14449-14450 -LRB- denotes (
T3849 14462-14466 NNS denotes data
T3850 14450-14461 JJ denotes unpublished
T3851 14466-14467 -RRB- denotes )
T3852 14467-14469 , denotes ,
T3853 14469-14472 CC denotes and
T3854 14473-14479 VBD denotes caused
T3855 14480-14483 DT denotes the
T3856 14487-14497 NN denotes regulation
T3857 14484-14486 JJ denotes up
T3858 14486-14487 HYPH denotes -
T3859 14498-14500 IN denotes of
T3860 14501-14505 NN denotes SOX9
T3861 14506-14508 IN denotes in
T3862 14509-14511 NN denotes XX
T3863 14512-14517 NNS denotes cells
T3864 14518-14519 -LRB- denotes (
T3865 14527-14529 NN denotes 2E
T3866 14520-14526 NN denotes Figure
T3867 14529-14530 SYM denotes –
T3868 14531-14533 NN denotes 2H
T3869 14533-14534 -RRB- denotes )
T3870 14534-14535 . denotes .
T3871 14535-14640 sentence denotes Up-regulation of SOX9 had not previously been seen in whole XX gonads cultured with exogenous FGF9 [ 9].
T3872 14536-14538 JJ denotes Up
T3873 14539-14549 NN denotes regulation
T3874 14538-14539 HYPH denotes -
T3875 14582-14586 VBN denotes seen
T3876 14550-14552 IN denotes of
T3877 14553-14557 NN denotes SOX9
T3878 14558-14561 VBD denotes had
T3879 14562-14565 RB denotes not
T3880 14566-14576 RB denotes previously
T3881 14577-14581 VBN denotes been
T3882 14587-14589 IN denotes in
T3883 14590-14595 JJ denotes whole
T3884 14599-14605 NNS denotes gonads
T3885 14596-14598 NN denotes XX
T3886 14606-14614 VBN denotes cultured
T3887 14615-14619 IN denotes with
T3888 14620-14629 JJ denotes exogenous
T3889 14630-14634 NN denotes FGF9
T3890 14635-14636 -LRB- denotes [
T3891 14637-14638 CD denotes 9
T3892 14638-14639 -RRB- denotes ]
T3893 14639-14640 . denotes .
T3894 14640-14980 sentence denotes To explain the difference between experimental results from dissociated XX gonadal cells and XX gonads, we reasoned that the local concentrations of FGF9 might not be high enough to override blocking signals in the intact XX gonad, or that active FGF9 was not efficiently localized or presented in the extracellular matrix of the XX gonad.
T3895 14641-14643 TO denotes To
T3896 14644-14651 VB denotes explain
T3897 14748-14756 VBD denotes reasoned
T3898 14652-14655 DT denotes the
T3899 14656-14666 NN denotes difference
T3900 14667-14674 IN denotes between
T3901 14675-14687 JJ denotes experimental
T3902 14688-14695 NNS denotes results
T3903 14696-14700 IN denotes from
T3904 14701-14712 VBN denotes dissociated
T3905 14724-14729 NNS denotes cells
T3906 14713-14715 NN denotes XX
T3907 14716-14723 JJ denotes gonadal
T3908 14730-14733 CC denotes and
T3909 14734-14736 NN denotes XX
T3910 14737-14743 NNS denotes gonads
T3911 14743-14745 , denotes ,
T3912 14745-14747 PRP denotes we
T3913 14757-14761 IN denotes that
T3914 14805-14807 VB denotes be
T3915 14762-14765 DT denotes the
T3916 14772-14786 NNS denotes concentrations
T3917 14766-14771 JJ denotes local
T3918 14787-14789 IN denotes of
T3919 14790-14794 NN denotes FGF9
T3920 14795-14800 MD denotes might
T3921 14801-14804 RB denotes not
T3922 14808-14812 JJ denotes high
T3923 14813-14819 RB denotes enough
T3924 14820-14822 TO denotes to
T3925 14823-14831 VB denotes override
T3926 14832-14840 NN denotes blocking
T3927 14841-14848 NNS denotes signals
T3928 14849-14851 IN denotes in
T3929 14852-14855 DT denotes the
T3930 14866-14871 NN denotes gonad
T3931 14856-14862 JJ denotes intact
T3932 14863-14865 NN denotes XX
T3933 14871-14873 , denotes ,
T3934 14873-14875 CC denotes or
T3935 14876-14880 IN denotes that
T3936 14913-14922 VBN denotes localized
T3937 14881-14887 JJ denotes active
T3938 14888-14892 NN denotes FGF9
T3939 14893-14896 VBD denotes was
T3940 14897-14900 RB denotes not
T3941 14901-14912 RB denotes efficiently
T3942 14923-14925 CC denotes or
T3943 14926-14935 VBN denotes presented
T3944 14936-14938 IN denotes in
T3945 14939-14942 DT denotes the
T3946 14957-14963 NN denotes matrix
T3947 14943-14956 JJ denotes extracellular
T3948 14964-14966 IN denotes of
T3949 14967-14970 DT denotes the
T3950 14974-14979 NN denotes gonad
T3951 14971-14973 NN denotes XX
T3952 14979-14980 . denotes .
T3953 14980-15124 sentence denotes To test the local effect of FGF9, we modified the XX gonad culture by stably immobilizing FGF9, or BSA as a control, on beads ( Figure 2I– 2K).
T3954 14981-14983 TO denotes To
T3955 14984-14988 VB denotes test
T3956 15018-15026 VBD denotes modified
T3957 14989-14992 DT denotes the
T3958 14999-15005 NN denotes effect
T3959 14993-14998 JJ denotes local
T3960 15006-15008 IN denotes of
T3961 15009-15013 NN denotes FGF9
T3962 15013-15015 , denotes ,
T3963 15015-15017 PRP denotes we
T3964 15027-15030 DT denotes the
T3965 15040-15047 NN denotes culture
T3966 15031-15033 NN denotes XX
T3967 15034-15039 NN denotes gonad
T3968 15048-15050 IN denotes by
T3969 15051-15057 RB denotes stably
T3970 15058-15070 VBG denotes immobilizing
T3971 15071-15075 NN denotes FGF9
T3972 15075-15077 , denotes ,
T3973 15077-15079 CC denotes or
T3974 15080-15083 NN denotes BSA
T3975 15084-15086 IN denotes as
T3976 15087-15088 DT denotes a
T3977 15089-15096 NN denotes control
T3978 15096-15098 , denotes ,
T3979 15098-15100 IN denotes on
T3980 15101-15106 NNS denotes beads
T3981 15107-15108 -LRB- denotes (
T3982 15116-15118 NN denotes 2I
T3983 15109-15115 NN denotes Figure
T3984 15118-15119 SYM denotes –
T3985 15120-15122 NN denotes 2K
T3986 15122-15123 -RRB- denotes )
T3987 15123-15124 . denotes .
T3988 15124-15275 sentence denotes Under these conditions, SOX9 expression was up-regulated locally in cells near the surface of the XX gonad in contact with the FGF9 bead ( Figure 2K).
T3989 15125-15130 IN denotes Under
T3990 15172-15181 VBN denotes regulated
T3991 15131-15136 DT denotes these
T3992 15137-15147 NNS denotes conditions
T3993 15147-15149 , denotes ,
T3994 15149-15153 NN denotes SOX9
T3995 15154-15164 NN denotes expression
T3996 15165-15168 VBD denotes was
T3997 15169-15171 RB denotes up
T3998 15171-15172 HYPH denotes -
T3999 15182-15189 RB denotes locally
T4000 15190-15192 IN denotes in
T4001 15193-15198 NNS denotes cells
T4002 15199-15203 IN denotes near
T4003 15204-15207 DT denotes the
T4004 15208-15215 NN denotes surface
T4005 15216-15218 IN denotes of
T4006 15219-15222 DT denotes the
T4007 15226-15231 NN denotes gonad
T4008 15223-15225 NN denotes XX
T4009 15232-15234 IN denotes in
T4010 15235-15242 NN denotes contact
T4011 15243-15247 IN denotes with
T4012 15248-15251 DT denotes the
T4013 15257-15261 NN denotes bead
T4014 15252-15256 NN denotes FGF9
T4015 15262-15263 -LRB- denotes (
T4016 15271-15273 NN denotes 2K
T4017 15264-15270 NN denotes Figure
T4018 15273-15274 -RRB- denotes )
T4019 15274-15275 . denotes .
T4020 15275-15456 sentence denotes Taken together, these in vitro data demonstrate that ectopic FGF9 signaling can induce SOX9 expression in XX gonadal cells, suggesting a positive interaction between Fgf9 and Sox9.
T4021 15276-15281 VBN denotes Taken
T4022 15312-15323 VBP denotes demonstrate
T4023 15282-15290 RB denotes together
T4024 15290-15292 , denotes ,
T4025 15292-15297 DT denotes these
T4026 15307-15311 NNS denotes data
T4027 15298-15300 FW denotes in
T4028 15301-15306 FW denotes vitro
T4029 15324-15328 IN denotes that
T4030 15356-15362 VB denotes induce
T4031 15329-15336 JJ denotes ectopic
T4032 15342-15351 NN denotes signaling
T4033 15337-15341 NN denotes FGF9
T4034 15352-15355 MD denotes can
T4035 15363-15367 NN denotes SOX9
T4036 15368-15378 NN denotes expression
T4037 15379-15381 IN denotes in
T4038 15382-15384 NN denotes XX
T4039 15393-15398 NNS denotes cells
T4040 15385-15392 JJ denotes gonadal
T4041 15398-15400 , denotes ,
T4042 15400-15410 VBG denotes suggesting
T4043 15411-15412 DT denotes a
T4044 15422-15433 NN denotes interaction
T4045 15413-15421 JJ denotes positive
T4046 15434-15441 IN denotes between
T4047 15442-15446 NN denotes Fgf9
T4048 15447-15450 CC denotes and
T4049 15451-15455 NN denotes Sox9
T4050 15455-15456 . denotes .
T4198 15458-15462 NN denotes Fgf9
T4199 15466-15474 VBN denotes Required
T4200 15463-15465 VBZ denotes Is
T4201 15475-15478 IN denotes for
T4202 15479-15490 VBG denotes Maintaining
T4203 15491-15495 NN denotes SOX9
T4204 15496-15506 NN denotes Expression
T4205 15507-15509 IN denotes in
T4206 15510-15512 NN denotes XY
T4207 15513-15519 NNS denotes Gonads
T4208 15519-15714 sentence denotes To investigate whether Fgf9 is essential for the up-regulation of Sox9 in vivo, we assessed SOX9 expression in loss-of-function Fgf9 +/− and Fgf9 −/− XY gonads at 11.5–12.5 dpc ( Figure 3A– 3F).
T4209 15520-15522 TO denotes To
T4210 15523-15534 VB denotes investigate
T4211 15603-15611 VBD denotes assessed
T4212 15535-15542 IN denotes whether
T4213 15548-15550 VBZ denotes is
T4214 15543-15547 NN denotes Fgf9
T4215 15551-15560 JJ denotes essential
T4216 15561-15564 IN denotes for
T4217 15565-15568 DT denotes the
T4218 15572-15582 NN denotes regulation
T4219 15569-15571 JJ denotes up
T4220 15571-15572 HYPH denotes -
T4221 15583-15585 IN denotes of
T4222 15586-15590 NN denotes Sox9
T4223 15591-15593 FW denotes in
T4224 15594-15598 FW denotes vivo
T4225 15598-15600 , denotes ,
T4226 15600-15602 PRP denotes we
T4227 15612-15616 NN denotes SOX9
T4228 15617-15627 NN denotes expression
T4229 15628-15630 IN denotes in
T4230 15631-15635 NN denotes loss
T4231 15673-15679 NNS denotes gonads
T4232 15635-15636 HYPH denotes -
T4233 15636-15638 IN denotes of
T4234 15638-15639 HYPH denotes -
T4235 15639-15647 NN denotes function
T4236 15648-15652 NN denotes Fgf9
T4237 15653-15654 SYM denotes +
T4238 15654-15655 HYPH denotes /
T4239 15655-15656 SYM denotes −
T4240 15657-15660 CC denotes and
T4241 15661-15665 NN denotes Fgf9
T4242 15666-15667 SYM denotes −
T4243 15667-15668 HYPH denotes /
T4244 15668-15669 SYM denotes −
T4245 15670-15672 NN denotes XY
T4246 15680-15682 IN denotes at
T4247 15683-15687 CD denotes 11.5
T4248 15688-15692 CD denotes 12.5
T4249 15687-15688 SYM denotes –
T4250 15693-15696 NNS denotes dpc
T4251 15697-15698 -LRB- denotes (
T4252 15706-15708 NN denotes 3A
T4253 15699-15705 NN denotes Figure
T4254 15708-15709 SYM denotes –
T4255 15710-15712 NN denotes 3F
T4256 15712-15713 -RRB- denotes )
T4257 15713-15714 . denotes .
T4258 15714-15846 sentence denotes In wild-type and heterozygous mutant XY gonads at 11.5 dpc, SOX9 was detected in a small number of cells in the gonad ( Figure 3A).
T4259 15715-15717 IN denotes In
T4260 15784-15792 VBN denotes detected
T4261 15718-15722 JJ denotes wild
T4262 15723-15727 NN denotes type
T4263 15722-15723 HYPH denotes -
T4264 15755-15761 NNS denotes gonads
T4265 15728-15731 CC denotes and
T4266 15732-15744 JJ denotes heterozygous
T4267 15745-15751 NN denotes mutant
T4268 15752-15754 NN denotes XY
T4269 15762-15764 IN denotes at
T4270 15765-15769 CD denotes 11.5
T4271 15770-15773 NNS denotes dpc
T4272 15773-15775 , denotes ,
T4273 15775-15779 NN denotes SOX9
T4274 15780-15783 VBD denotes was
T4275 15793-15795 IN denotes in
T4276 15796-15797 DT denotes a
T4277 15804-15810 NN denotes number
T4278 15798-15803 JJ denotes small
T4279 15811-15813 IN denotes of
T4280 15814-15819 NNS denotes cells
T4281 15820-15822 IN denotes in
T4282 15823-15826 DT denotes the
T4283 15827-15832 NN denotes gonad
T4284 15833-15834 -LRB- denotes (
T4285 15842-15844 NN denotes 3A
T4286 15835-15841 NN denotes Figure
T4287 15844-15845 -RRB- denotes )
T4288 15845-15846 . denotes .
T4289 15846-16083 sentence denotes Over the next 6 h of development, nuclear SOX9 accumulated rapidly in cells toward the cortex and the anterior and posterior poles of the gonad, replicating patterns previously reported for both Sry and Sox9 expression [ 2, 16, 34– 36].
T4290 15847-15851 IN denotes Over
T4291 15894-15905 VBN denotes accumulated
T4292 15852-15855 DT denotes the
T4293 15863-15864 NNS denotes h
T4294 15856-15860 JJ denotes next
T4295 15861-15862 CD denotes 6
T4296 15865-15867 IN denotes of
T4297 15868-15879 NN denotes development
T4298 15879-15881 , denotes ,
T4299 15881-15888 JJ denotes nuclear
T4300 15889-15893 NN denotes SOX9
T4301 15906-15913 RB denotes rapidly
T4302 15914-15916 IN denotes in
T4303 15917-15922 NNS denotes cells
T4304 15923-15929 IN denotes toward
T4305 15930-15933 DT denotes the
T4306 15934-15940 NN denotes cortex
T4307 15941-15944 CC denotes and
T4308 15945-15948 DT denotes the
T4309 15972-15977 NNS denotes poles
T4310 15949-15957 JJ denotes anterior
T4311 15958-15961 CC denotes and
T4312 15962-15971 JJ denotes posterior
T4313 15978-15980 IN denotes of
T4314 15981-15984 DT denotes the
T4315 15985-15990 NN denotes gonad
T4316 15990-15992 , denotes ,
T4317 15992-16003 VBG denotes replicating
T4318 16004-16012 NNS denotes patterns
T4319 16013-16023 RB denotes previously
T4320 16024-16032 VBN denotes reported
T4321 16033-16036 IN denotes for
T4322 16037-16041 CC denotes both
T4323 16042-16045 NN denotes Sry
T4324 16055-16065 NN denotes expression
T4325 16046-16049 CC denotes and
T4326 16050-16054 NN denotes Sox9
T4327 16066-16067 -LRB- denotes [
T4328 16071-16073 CD denotes 16
T4329 16068-16069 CD denotes 2
T4330 16069-16070 , denotes ,
T4331 16073-16074 , denotes ,
T4332 16075-16077 CD denotes 34
T4333 16077-16078 SYM denotes –
T4334 16079-16081 CD denotes 36
T4335 16081-16082 -RRB- denotes ]
T4336 16082-16083 . denotes .
T4337 16083-16164 sentence denotes This unique pattern was also observed in Fgf9 −/− XY gonads ( Figure 3D and 3E).
T4338 16084-16088 DT denotes This
T4339 16096-16103 NN denotes pattern
T4340 16089-16095 JJ denotes unique
T4341 16113-16121 VBN denotes observed
T4342 16104-16107 VBD denotes was
T4343 16108-16112 RB denotes also
T4344 16122-16124 IN denotes in
T4345 16125-16129 NN denotes Fgf9
T4346 16137-16143 NNS denotes gonads
T4347 16130-16131 SYM denotes −
T4348 16131-16132 HYPH denotes /
T4349 16132-16133 SYM denotes −
T4350 16134-16136 NN denotes XY
T4351 16144-16145 -LRB- denotes (
T4352 16153-16155 NN denotes 3D
T4353 16146-16152 NN denotes Figure
T4354 16156-16159 CC denotes and
T4355 16160-16162 NN denotes 3E
T4356 16162-16163 -RRB- denotes )
T4357 16163-16164 . denotes .
T4358 16164-16398 sentence denotes Somatic cells within Fgf9 −/− gonads were positive for SOX9 at 11.5 dpc, the earliest stages examined, demonstrating that initial expression and up-regulation of SOX9 were not disrupted in Fgf9 −/− mutant XY gonads prior to 12.0 dpc.
T4359 16165-16172 JJ denotes Somatic
T4360 16173-16178 NNS denotes cells
T4361 16202-16206 VBD denotes were
T4362 16179-16185 IN denotes within
T4363 16186-16190 NN denotes Fgf9
T4364 16195-16201 NNS denotes gonads
T4365 16191-16192 SYM denotes −
T4366 16192-16193 HYPH denotes /
T4367 16193-16194 SYM denotes −
T4368 16207-16215 JJ denotes positive
T4369 16216-16219 IN denotes for
T4370 16220-16224 NN denotes SOX9
T4371 16225-16227 IN denotes at
T4372 16228-16232 CD denotes 11.5
T4373 16233-16236 NNS denotes dpc
T4374 16236-16238 , denotes ,
T4375 16238-16241 DT denotes the
T4376 16251-16257 NNS denotes stages
T4377 16242-16250 JJS denotes earliest
T4378 16258-16266 VBN denotes examined
T4379 16266-16268 , denotes ,
T4380 16268-16281 VBG denotes demonstrating
T4381 16282-16286 IN denotes that
T4382 16341-16350 VBN denotes disrupted
T4383 16287-16294 JJ denotes initial
T4384 16295-16305 NN denotes expression
T4385 16306-16309 CC denotes and
T4386 16310-16312 JJ denotes up
T4387 16313-16323 NN denotes regulation
T4388 16312-16313 HYPH denotes -
T4389 16324-16326 IN denotes of
T4390 16327-16331 NN denotes SOX9
T4391 16332-16336 VBD denotes were
T4392 16337-16340 RB denotes not
T4393 16351-16353 IN denotes in
T4394 16354-16358 NN denotes Fgf9
T4395 16363-16369 NN denotes mutant
T4396 16359-16360 SYM denotes −
T4397 16360-16361 HYPH denotes /
T4398 16361-16362 SYM denotes −
T4399 16373-16379 NNS denotes gonads
T4400 16370-16372 NN denotes XY
T4401 16380-16385 JJ denotes prior
T4402 16386-16388 IN denotes to
T4403 16389-16393 CD denotes 12.0
T4404 16394-16397 NNS denotes dpc
T4405 16397-16398 . denotes .
T4406 16398-16574 sentence denotes Notably, in Fgf9 −/− XY gonads, SOX9 was no longer detectable by 12.5 dpc, and Sertoli precursor cells never began to organize into normal testis cord structures ( Figure 3F).
T4407 16399-16406 RB denotes Notably
T4408 16436-16439 VBD denotes was
T4409 16406-16408 , denotes ,
T4410 16408-16410 IN denotes in
T4411 16411-16415 NN denotes Fgf9
T4412 16423-16429 NNS denotes gonads
T4413 16416-16417 SYM denotes −
T4414 16417-16418 HYPH denotes /
T4415 16418-16419 SYM denotes −
T4416 16420-16422 NN denotes XY
T4417 16429-16431 , denotes ,
T4418 16431-16435 NN denotes SOX9
T4419 16440-16442 RB denotes no
T4420 16443-16449 RBR denotes longer
T4421 16450-16460 JJ denotes detectable
T4422 16461-16463 IN denotes by
T4423 16464-16468 CD denotes 12.5
T4424 16469-16472 NNS denotes dpc
T4425 16472-16474 , denotes ,
T4426 16474-16477 CC denotes and
T4427 16478-16485 NN denotes Sertoli
T4428 16496-16501 NNS denotes cells
T4429 16486-16495 NN denotes precursor
T4430 16508-16513 VBD denotes began
T4431 16502-16507 RB denotes never
T4432 16514-16516 TO denotes to
T4433 16517-16525 VB denotes organize
T4434 16526-16530 IN denotes into
T4435 16531-16537 JJ denotes normal
T4436 16550-16560 NNS denotes structures
T4437 16538-16544 NN denotes testis
T4438 16545-16549 NN denotes cord
T4439 16561-16562 -LRB- denotes (
T4440 16570-16572 NN denotes 3F
T4441 16563-16569 NN denotes Figure
T4442 16572-16573 -RRB- denotes )
T4443 16573-16574 . denotes .
T4444 16574-16744 sentence denotes These data indicate that although Fgf9 is not required for the up-regulation of Sox9 in vivo, it is indispensable to maintain Sox9 expression in Sertoli precursor cells.
T4445 16575-16580 DT denotes These
T4446 16581-16585 NNS denotes data
T4447 16586-16594 VBP denotes indicate
T4448 16595-16599 IN denotes that
T4449 16672-16674 VBZ denotes is
T4450 16600-16608 IN denotes although
T4451 16621-16629 VBN denotes required
T4452 16609-16613 NN denotes Fgf9
T4453 16614-16616 VBZ denotes is
T4454 16617-16620 RB denotes not
T4455 16630-16633 IN denotes for
T4456 16634-16637 DT denotes the
T4457 16641-16651 NN denotes regulation
T4458 16638-16640 JJ denotes up
T4459 16640-16641 HYPH denotes -
T4460 16652-16654 IN denotes of
T4461 16655-16659 NN denotes Sox9
T4462 16660-16662 FW denotes in
T4463 16663-16667 FW denotes vivo
T4464 16667-16669 , denotes ,
T4465 16669-16671 PRP denotes it
T4466 16675-16688 JJ denotes indispensable
T4467 16689-16691 TO denotes to
T4468 16692-16700 VB denotes maintain
T4469 16701-16705 NN denotes Sox9
T4470 16706-16716 NN denotes expression
T4471 16717-16719 IN denotes in
T4472 16720-16727 NN denotes Sertoli
T4473 16738-16743 NNS denotes cells
T4474 16728-16737 NN denotes precursor
T4475 16743-16744 . denotes .
T4674 18118-18122 NN denotes Sox9
T4675 18126-18134 VBN denotes Required
T4676 18123-18125 VBZ denotes Is
T4677 18135-18138 IN denotes for
T4678 18139-18143 NN denotes Fgf9
T4679 18147-18157 NN denotes Regulation
T4680 18144-18146 JJ denotes Up
T4681 18146-18147 HYPH denotes -
T4682 18158-18160 IN denotes in
T4683 18161-18163 NN denotes XY
T4684 18164-18170 NNS denotes Gonads
T4685 18170-18336 sentence denotes We hypothesized that if the linear relationship among the three genes were Sry → Fgf9 → Sox9, expression of Fgf9 would be normal in XY gonads in the absence of Sox9.
T4686 18171-18173 PRP denotes We
T4687 18174-18186 VBD denotes hypothesized
T4688 18187-18191 IN denotes that
T4689 18290-18292 VB denotes be
T4690 18192-18194 IN denotes if
T4691 18241-18245 VBD denotes were
T4692 18195-18198 DT denotes the
T4693 18206-18218 NN denotes relationship
T4694 18199-18205 JJ denotes linear
T4695 18219-18224 IN denotes among
T4696 18225-18228 DT denotes the
T4697 18235-18240 NNS denotes genes
T4698 18229-18234 CD denotes three
T4699 18246-18249 NN denotes Sry
T4700 18250-18251 SYM denotes →
T4701 18252-18256 NN denotes Fgf9
T4702 18257-18258 SYM denotes →
T4703 18259-18263 NN denotes Sox9
T4704 18263-18265 , denotes ,
T4705 18265-18275 NN denotes expression
T4706 18276-18278 IN denotes of
T4707 18279-18283 NN denotes Fgf9
T4708 18284-18289 MD denotes would
T4709 18293-18299 JJ denotes normal
T4710 18300-18302 IN denotes in
T4711 18303-18305 NN denotes XY
T4712 18306-18312 NNS denotes gonads
T4713 18313-18315 IN denotes in
T4714 18316-18319 DT denotes the
T4715 18320-18327 NN denotes absence
T4716 18328-18330 IN denotes of
T4717 18331-18335 NN denotes Sox9
T4718 18335-18336 . denotes .
T4719 18336-18479 sentence denotes Alternatively, if the relationship were Sry → Sox9 → Fgf9, expression of Fgf9 should be reduced or absent in XY gonads in the absence of Sox9.
T4720 18337-18350 RB denotes Alternatively
T4721 18422-18424 VB denotes be
T4722 18350-18352 , denotes ,
T4723 18352-18354 IN denotes if
T4724 18372-18376 VBD denotes were
T4725 18355-18358 DT denotes the
T4726 18359-18371 NN denotes relationship
T4727 18377-18380 NN denotes Sry
T4728 18381-18382 SYM denotes →
T4729 18383-18387 NN denotes Sox9
T4730 18388-18389 SYM denotes →
T4731 18390-18394 NN denotes Fgf9
T4732 18394-18396 , denotes ,
T4733 18396-18406 NN denotes expression
T4734 18407-18409 IN denotes of
T4735 18410-18414 NN denotes Fgf9
T4736 18415-18421 MD denotes should
T4737 18425-18432 JJ denotes reduced
T4738 18433-18435 CC denotes or
T4739 18436-18442 JJ denotes absent
T4740 18443-18445 IN denotes in
T4741 18446-18448 NN denotes XY
T4742 18449-18455 NNS denotes gonads
T4743 18456-18458 IN denotes in
T4744 18459-18462 DT denotes the
T4745 18463-18470 NN denotes absence
T4746 18471-18473 IN denotes of
T4747 18474-18478 NN denotes Sox9
T4748 18478-18479 . denotes .
T4749 18479-18759 sentence denotes We examined Fgf9 expression in Sox9 homozygous mutant ( Sox9 Δ/Δ) XY gonads generated by crossing mice homozygous for a conditional null (flox) allele of Sox9 ( Sox9 flox/flox) with mice carrying germline-specific Cre transgenes, Prm1-Cre in male and Zp3-Cre in female [ 22, 37].
T4750 18480-18482 PRP denotes We
T4751 18483-18491 VBD denotes examined
T4752 18492-18496 NN denotes Fgf9
T4753 18497-18507 NN denotes expression
T4754 18508-18510 IN denotes in
T4755 18511-18515 NN denotes Sox9
T4756 18527-18533 NN denotes mutant
T4757 18516-18526 JJ denotes homozygous
T4758 18549-18555 NNS denotes gonads
T4759 18534-18535 -LRB- denotes (
T4760 18536-18540 NN denotes Sox9
T4761 18541-18542 SYM denotes Δ
T4762 18542-18543 HYPH denotes /
T4763 18543-18544 SYM denotes Δ
T4764 18544-18545 -RRB- denotes )
T4765 18546-18548 NN denotes XY
T4766 18556-18565 VBN denotes generated
T4767 18566-18568 IN denotes by
T4768 18569-18577 VBG denotes crossing
T4769 18578-18582 NNS denotes mice
T4770 18583-18593 JJ denotes homozygous
T4771 18594-18597 IN denotes for
T4772 18598-18599 DT denotes a
T4773 18624-18630 NN denotes allele
T4774 18600-18611 JJ denotes conditional
T4775 18612-18616 JJ denotes null
T4776 18617-18618 -LRB- denotes (
T4777 18618-18622 NN denotes flox
T4778 18622-18623 -RRB- denotes )
T4779 18631-18633 IN denotes of
T4780 18634-18638 NN denotes Sox9
T4781 18639-18640 -LRB- denotes (
T4782 18641-18650 NN denotes Sox9 flox
T4783 18651-18655 NN denotes flox
T4784 18650-18651 HYPH denotes /
T4785 18655-18656 -RRB- denotes )
T4786 18657-18661 IN denotes with
T4787 18662-18666 NNS denotes mice
T4788 18667-18675 VBG denotes carrying
T4789 18676-18684 NN denotes germline
T4790 18685-18693 JJ denotes specific
T4791 18684-18685 HYPH denotes -
T4792 18698-18708 NNS denotes transgenes
T4793 18694-18697 NN denotes Cre
T4794 18708-18710 , denotes ,
T4795 18710-18714 NN denotes Prm1
T4796 18715-18718 NN denotes Cre
T4797 18714-18715 HYPH denotes -
T4798 18719-18721 IN denotes in
T4799 18722-18726 JJ denotes male
T4800 18727-18730 CC denotes and
T4801 18731-18734 NN denotes Zp3
T4802 18735-18738 NN denotes Cre
T4803 18734-18735 HYPH denotes -
T4804 18739-18741 IN denotes in
T4805 18742-18748 JJ denotes female
T4806 18749-18750 -LRB- denotes [
T4807 18755-18757 CD denotes 37
T4808 18751-18753 CD denotes 22
T4809 18753-18754 , denotes ,
T4810 18757-18758 -RRB- denotes ]
T4811 18758-18759 . denotes .
T4812 18759-18848 sentence denotes The Sox9 null mutant embryos die after 11.5 dpc because of cardiovascular defects [ 37].
T4813 18760-18763 DT denotes The
T4814 18781-18788 NNS denotes embryos
T4815 18764-18768 NN denotes Sox9
T4816 18769-18773 JJ denotes null
T4817 18774-18780 NN denotes mutant
T4818 18789-18792 VBP denotes die
T4819 18793-18798 IN denotes after
T4820 18799-18803 CD denotes 11.5
T4821 18804-18807 NNS denotes dpc
T4822 18808-18815 IN denotes because
T4823 18816-18818 IN denotes of
T4824 18819-18833 JJ denotes cardiovascular
T4825 18834-18841 NNS denotes defects
T4826 18842-18843 -LRB- denotes [
T4827 18844-18846 CD denotes 37
T4828 18846-18847 -RRB- denotes ]
T4829 18847-18848 . denotes .
T4830 18848-19187 sentence denotes Chaboissier et al. [ 22] successfully cultured 11.5 dpc Sox9 null mutant gonads in vitro and detected male and female markers after 2–3 d of culture, suggesting that Sox9 mutant gonads are viable and developmentally competent at 11.5 dpc—the time point at which we collected samples to perform mRNA in situ hybridization ( Figure 3G– 3J).
T4831 18849-18860 NNP denotes Chaboissier
T4832 18887-18895 VBD denotes cultured
T4833 18861-18863 FW denotes et
T4834 18864-18867 FW denotes al.
T4835 18868-18869 -LRB- denotes [
T4836 18870-18872 CD denotes 22
T4837 18872-18873 -RRB- denotes ]
T4838 18874-18886 RB denotes successfully
T4839 18896-18900 CD denotes 11.5
T4840 18901-18904 NN denotes dpc
T4841 18922-18928 NNS denotes gonads
T4842 18905-18909 NN denotes Sox9
T4843 18910-18914 JJ denotes null
T4844 18915-18921 NN denotes mutant
T4845 18929-18931 FW denotes in
T4846 18932-18937 FW denotes vitro
T4847 18938-18941 CC denotes and
T4848 18942-18950 VBD denotes detected
T4849 18951-18955 JJ denotes male
T4850 18967-18974 NNS denotes markers
T4851 18956-18959 CC denotes and
T4852 18960-18966 JJ denotes female
T4853 18975-18980 IN denotes after
T4854 18981-18982 CD denotes 2
T4855 18983-18984 CD denotes 3
T4856 18982-18983 SYM denotes –
T4857 18985-18986 NNS denotes d
T4858 18987-18989 IN denotes of
T4859 18990-18997 NN denotes culture
T4860 18997-18999 , denotes ,
T4861 18999-19009 VBG denotes suggesting
T4862 19010-19014 IN denotes that
T4863 19034-19037 VBP denotes are
T4864 19015-19019 NN denotes Sox9
T4865 19027-19033 NNS denotes gonads
T4866 19020-19026 NN denotes mutant
T4867 19038-19044 JJ denotes viable
T4868 19045-19048 CC denotes and
T4869 19049-19064 RB denotes developmentally
T4870 19065-19074 JJ denotes competent
T4871 19075-19077 IN denotes at
T4872 19078-19082 CD denotes 11.5
T4873 19083-19086 NNS denotes dpc
T4874 19086-19087 HYPH denotes —
T4875 19087-19090 DT denotes the
T4876 19096-19101 NN denotes point
T4877 19091-19095 NN denotes time
T4878 19102-19104 IN denotes at
T4879 19114-19123 VBD denotes collected
T4880 19105-19110 WDT denotes which
T4881 19111-19113 PRP denotes we
T4882 19124-19131 NNS denotes samples
T4883 19132-19134 TO denotes to
T4884 19135-19142 VB denotes perform
T4885 19143-19147 NN denotes mRNA
T4886 19156-19169 NN denotes hybridization
T4887 19148-19150 FW denotes in
T4888 19151-19155 FW denotes situ
T4889 19170-19171 -LRB- denotes (
T4890 19179-19181 NN denotes 3G
T4891 19172-19178 NN denotes Figure
T4892 19181-19182 SYM denotes –
T4893 19183-19185 NN denotes 3J
T4894 19185-19186 -RRB- denotes )
T4895 19186-19187 . denotes .
T4896 19187-19488 sentence denotes The expression of Fgf9 was significantly decreased or absent in XY Sox9 Δ/Δ gonads at 11.5 dpc ( Figure 3J), while Sry expression was similar to wild-type ( Figure 3G and 3H), as previously reported [ 20], suggesting that Fgf9 expression in wild-type XY gonads is dependent on the expression of Sox9.
T4897 19188-19191 DT denotes The
T4898 19192-19202 NN denotes expression
T4899 19211-19214 VBD denotes was
T4900 19203-19205 IN denotes of
T4901 19206-19210 NN denotes Fgf9
T4902 19215-19228 RB denotes significantly
T4903 19229-19238 JJ denotes decreased
T4904 19239-19241 CC denotes or
T4905 19242-19248 JJ denotes absent
T4906 19249-19251 IN denotes in
T4907 19252-19254 NN denotes XY
T4908 19264-19270 NNS denotes gonads
T4909 19255-19259 NN denotes Sox9
T4910 19260-19261 SYM denotes Δ
T4911 19261-19262 HYPH denotes /
T4912 19262-19263 SYM denotes Δ
T4913 19271-19273 IN denotes at
T4914 19274-19278 CD denotes 11.5
T4915 19279-19282 NNS denotes dpc
T4916 19283-19284 -LRB- denotes (
T4917 19292-19294 NN denotes 3J
T4918 19285-19291 NN denotes Figure
T4919 19294-19295 -RRB- denotes )
T4920 19295-19297 , denotes ,
T4921 19297-19302 IN denotes while
T4922 19318-19321 VBD denotes was
T4923 19303-19306 NN denotes Sry
T4924 19307-19317 NN denotes expression
T4925 19322-19329 JJ denotes similar
T4926 19330-19332 IN denotes to
T4927 19333-19337 JJ denotes wild
T4928 19338-19342 NN denotes type
T4929 19337-19338 HYPH denotes -
T4930 19343-19344 -LRB- denotes (
T4931 19352-19354 NN denotes 3G
T4932 19345-19351 NN denotes Figure
T4933 19355-19358 CC denotes and
T4934 19359-19361 NN denotes 3H
T4935 19361-19362 -RRB- denotes )
T4936 19362-19364 , denotes ,
T4937 19364-19366 IN denotes as
T4938 19378-19386 VBN denotes reported
T4939 19367-19377 RB denotes previously
T4940 19387-19388 -LRB- denotes [
T4941 19389-19391 CD denotes 20
T4942 19391-19392 -RRB- denotes ]
T4943 19392-19394 , denotes ,
T4944 19394-19404 VBG denotes suggesting
T4945 19405-19409 IN denotes that
T4946 19449-19451 VBZ denotes is
T4947 19410-19414 NN denotes Fgf9
T4948 19415-19425 NN denotes expression
T4949 19426-19428 IN denotes in
T4950 19429-19433 JJ denotes wild
T4951 19434-19438 NN denotes type
T4952 19433-19434 HYPH denotes -
T4953 19442-19448 NNS denotes gonads
T4954 19439-19441 NN denotes XY
T4955 19452-19461 JJ denotes dependent
T4956 19462-19464 IN denotes on
T4957 19465-19468 DT denotes the
T4958 19469-19479 NN denotes expression
T4959 19480-19482 IN denotes of
T4960 19483-19487 NN denotes Sox9
T4961 19487-19488 . denotes .
T4962 19488-19599 sentence denotes These findings also indicate that expression of Sry is not sufficient to regulate Fgf9 in the absence of Sox9.
T4963 19489-19494 DT denotes These
T4964 19495-19503 NNS denotes findings
T4965 19509-19517 VBP denotes indicate
T4966 19504-19508 RB denotes also
T4967 19518-19522 IN denotes that
T4968 19541-19543 VBZ denotes is
T4969 19523-19533 NN denotes expression
T4970 19534-19536 IN denotes of
T4971 19537-19540 NN denotes Sry
T4972 19544-19547 RB denotes not
T4973 19548-19558 JJ denotes sufficient
T4974 19559-19561 TO denotes to
T4975 19562-19570 VB denotes regulate
T4976 19571-19575 NN denotes Fgf9
T4977 19576-19578 IN denotes in
T4978 19579-19582 DT denotes the
T4979 19583-19590 NN denotes absence
T4980 19591-19593 IN denotes of
T4981 19594-19598 NN denotes Sox9
T4982 19598-19599 . denotes .
T4983 19599-19792 sentence denotes Therefore, we conclude that Sox9 is essential for Fgf9 expression, and Fgf9, in return, maintains Sox9 expression, generating a positive feed-forward loop between these two genes in XY gonads.
T4984 19600-19609 RB denotes Therefore
T4985 19614-19622 VBP denotes conclude
T4986 19609-19611 , denotes ,
T4987 19611-19613 PRP denotes we
T4988 19623-19627 IN denotes that
T4989 19633-19635 VBZ denotes is
T4990 19628-19632 NN denotes Sox9
T4991 19636-19645 JJ denotes essential
T4992 19646-19649 IN denotes for
T4993 19650-19654 NN denotes Fgf9
T4994 19655-19665 NN denotes expression
T4995 19665-19667 , denotes ,
T4996 19667-19670 CC denotes and
T4997 19671-19675 NN denotes Fgf9
T4998 19688-19697 VBZ denotes maintains
T4999 19675-19677 , denotes ,
T5000 19677-19679 IN denotes in
T5001 19680-19686 NN denotes return
T5002 19686-19688 , denotes ,
T5003 19698-19702 NN denotes Sox9
T5004 19703-19713 NN denotes expression
T5005 19713-19715 , denotes ,
T5006 19715-19725 VBG denotes generating
T5007 19726-19727 DT denotes a
T5008 19750-19754 NN denotes loop
T5009 19728-19736 JJ denotes positive
T5010 19737-19741 NN denotes feed
T5011 19741-19742 HYPH denotes -
T5012 19742-19749 RB denotes forward
T5013 19755-19762 IN denotes between
T5014 19763-19768 DT denotes these
T5015 19773-19778 NNS denotes genes
T5016 19769-19772 CD denotes two
T5017 19779-19781 IN denotes in
T5018 19782-19784 NN denotes XY
T5019 19785-19791 NNS denotes gonads
T5020 19791-19792 . denotes .
T5140 16-20 JJ denotes t as
T5141 19838-19842 VBP denotes Show
T5142 19799-19803 NN denotes Fgf9
T5143 19811-19817 NNS denotes Gonads
T5144 19804-19810 NN denotes Mutant
T5145 19817-19819 , denotes ,
T5146 19819-19823 NN denotes Sox9
T5147 19831-19837 NNS denotes Gonads
T5148 19824-19825 SYM denotes Δ
T5149 19825-19826 HYPH denotes /
T5150 19826-19827 SYM denotes Δ
T5151 19828-19830 NN denotes XY
T5152 19843-19850 NNS denotes Defects
T5153 19851-19853 IN denotes in
T5154 19854-19858 NN denotes Cell
T5155 19859-19872 NN denotes Proliferation
T5156 19872-19972 sentence denotes We previously reported that XY-specific cell proliferation is defective in Fgf9 −/− XY gonads [ 7].
T5157 19873-19875 PRP denotes We
T5158 19887-19895 VBD denotes reported
T5159 19876-19886 RB denotes previously
T5160 19896-19900 IN denotes that
T5161 19932-19934 VBZ denotes is
T5162 19901-19903 NN denotes XY
T5163 19904-19912 JJ denotes specific
T5164 19903-19904 HYPH denotes -
T5165 19918-19931 NN denotes proliferation
T5166 19913-19917 NN denotes cell
T5167 19935-19944 JJ denotes defective
T5168 19945-19947 IN denotes in
T5169 19948-19952 NN denotes Fgf9
T5170 19955-19956 SYM denotes −
T5171 19953-19954 SYM denotes −
T5172 19954-19955 HYPH denotes /
T5173 19960-19966 NNS denotes gonads
T5174 19957-19959 NN denotes XY
T5175 19967-19968 -LRB- denotes [
T5176 19969-19970 CD denotes 7
T5177 19970-19971 -RRB- denotes ]
T5178 19971-19972 . denotes .
T5179 19972-20130 sentence denotes Because Sox9 acts as a positive regulator of Fgf9 expression, we questioned whether cell proliferation in XY gonads was also compromised by the loss of Sox9.
T5180 19973-19980 IN denotes Because
T5181 19986-19990 VBZ denotes acts
T5182 19981-19985 NN denotes Sox9
T5183 20038-20048 VBD denotes questioned
T5184 19991-19993 IN denotes as
T5185 19994-19995 DT denotes a
T5186 20005-20014 NN denotes regulator
T5187 19996-20004 JJ denotes positive
T5188 20015-20017 IN denotes of
T5189 20018-20022 NN denotes Fgf9
T5190 20023-20033 NN denotes expression
T5191 20033-20035 , denotes ,
T5192 20035-20037 PRP denotes we
T5193 20049-20056 IN denotes whether
T5194 20098-20109 VBN denotes compromised
T5195 20057-20061 NN denotes cell
T5196 20062-20075 NN denotes proliferation
T5197 20076-20078 IN denotes in
T5198 20079-20081 NN denotes XY
T5199 20082-20088 NNS denotes gonads
T5200 20089-20092 VBD denotes was
T5201 20093-20097 RB denotes also
T5202 20110-20112 IN denotes by
T5203 20113-20116 DT denotes the
T5204 20117-20121 NN denotes loss
T5205 20122-20124 IN denotes of
T5206 20125-20129 NN denotes Sox9
T5207 20129-20130 . denotes .
T5208 20130-20243 sentence denotes We examined proliferation in Sox9 Δ/Δ gonads at 11.5 dpc using a mitotic cell marker, phosphorylated histone H3.
T5209 20131-20133 PRP denotes We
T5210 20134-20142 VBD denotes examined
T5211 20143-20156 NN denotes proliferation
T5212 20157-20159 IN denotes in
T5213 20160-20164 NN denotes Sox9
T5214 20169-20175 NNS denotes gonads
T5215 20165-20166 SYM denotes Δ
T5216 20166-20167 HYPH denotes /
T5217 20167-20168 SYM denotes Δ
T5218 20176-20178 IN denotes at
T5219 20179-20183 CD denotes 11.5
T5220 20184-20187 NNS denotes dpc
T5221 20188-20193 VBG denotes using
T5222 20194-20195 DT denotes a
T5223 20209-20215 NN denotes marker
T5224 20196-20203 JJ denotes mitotic
T5225 20204-20208 NN denotes cell
T5226 20215-20217 , denotes ,
T5227 20217-20231 VBN denotes phosphorylated
T5228 20240-20242 NN denotes H3
T5229 20232-20239 NN denotes histone
T5230 20242-20243 . denotes .
T5231 20243-20456 sentence denotes Proliferating cells were more abundant and concentrated in a domain near the surface of wild-type XY gonads, and this XY-specific cell proliferation was evident in XY Sox9 flox/Δ littermate controls ( Figure 3K).
T5232 20244-20257 VBG denotes Proliferating
T5233 20258-20263 NNS denotes cells
T5234 20264-20268 VBD denotes were
T5235 20269-20273 RBR denotes more
T5236 20274-20282 JJ denotes abundant
T5237 20283-20286 CC denotes and
T5238 20287-20299 JJ denotes concentrated
T5239 20300-20302 IN denotes in
T5240 20303-20304 DT denotes a
T5241 20305-20311 NN denotes domain
T5242 20312-20316 IN denotes near
T5243 20317-20320 DT denotes the
T5244 20321-20328 NN denotes surface
T5245 20329-20331 IN denotes of
T5246 20332-20336 JJ denotes wild
T5247 20337-20341 NN denotes type
T5248 20336-20337 HYPH denotes -
T5249 20345-20351 NNS denotes gonads
T5250 20342-20344 NN denotes XY
T5251 20351-20353 , denotes ,
T5252 20353-20356 CC denotes and
T5253 20357-20361 DT denotes this
T5254 20379-20392 NN denotes proliferation
T5255 20362-20364 NN denotes XY
T5256 20365-20373 JJ denotes specific
T5257 20364-20365 HYPH denotes -
T5258 20374-20378 NN denotes cell
T5259 20393-20396 VBD denotes was
T5260 20397-20404 JJ denotes evident
T5261 20405-20407 IN denotes in
T5262 20408-20410 NN denotes XY
T5263 20434-20442 NNS denotes controls
T5264 20411-20420 NN denotes Sox9 flox
T5265 20420-20421 HYPH denotes /
T5266 20421-20422 SYM denotes Δ
T5267 20423-20433 NN denotes littermate
T5268 20443-20444 -LRB- denotes (
T5269 20452-20454 NN denotes 3K
T5270 20445-20451 NN denotes Figure
T5271 20454-20455 -RRB- denotes )
T5272 20455-20456 . denotes .
T5273 20456-20556 sentence denotes However, in Sox9 Δ/Δ XY gonads proliferation was reduced and similar to XX gonads ( Figure 3L– 3O).
T5274 20457-20464 RB denotes However
T5275 20502-20505 VBD denotes was
T5276 20464-20466 , denotes ,
T5277 20466-20468 IN denotes in
T5278 20469-20473 NN denotes Sox9
T5279 20481-20487 NNS denotes gonads
T5280 20474-20475 SYM denotes Δ
T5281 20475-20476 HYPH denotes /
T5282 20476-20477 SYM denotes Δ
T5283 20478-20480 NN denotes XY
T5284 20488-20501 NN denotes proliferation
T5285 20506-20513 VBN denotes reduced
T5286 20514-20517 CC denotes and
T5287 20518-20525 JJ denotes similar
T5288 20526-20528 IN denotes to
T5289 20529-20531 NN denotes XX
T5290 20532-20538 NNS denotes gonads
T5291 20539-20540 -LRB- denotes (
T5292 20548-20550 NN denotes 3L
T5293 20541-20547 NN denotes Figure
T5294 20550-20551 SYM denotes –
T5295 20552-20554 NN denotes 3O
T5296 20554-20555 -RRB- denotes )
T5297 20555-20556 . denotes .
T5298 20556-20806 sentence denotes This result supports the idea that there is a mutual interdependence between Sox9 and Fgf9 generating a positive feed-forward loop, and that both genes are required for the expansion of somatic cells, including Sertoli cell precursors, in XY gonads.
T5299 20557-20561 DT denotes This
T5300 20562-20568 NN denotes result
T5301 20569-20577 VBZ denotes supports
T5302 20578-20581 DT denotes the
T5303 20582-20586 NN denotes idea
T5304 20587-20591 IN denotes that
T5305 20598-20600 VBZ denotes is
T5306 20592-20597 EX denotes there
T5307 20601-20602 DT denotes a
T5308 20610-20625 NN denotes interdependence
T5309 20603-20609 JJ denotes mutual
T5310 20626-20633 IN denotes between
T5311 20634-20638 NN denotes Sox9
T5312 20639-20642 CC denotes and
T5313 20643-20647 NN denotes Fgf9
T5314 20648-20658 VBG denotes generating
T5315 20659-20660 DT denotes a
T5316 20683-20687 NN denotes loop
T5317 20661-20669 JJ denotes positive
T5318 20670-20674 NN denotes feed
T5319 20674-20675 HYPH denotes -
T5320 20675-20682 RB denotes forward
T5321 20687-20689 , denotes ,
T5322 20689-20692 CC denotes and
T5323 20693-20697 IN denotes that
T5324 20713-20721 VBN denotes required
T5325 20698-20702 DT denotes both
T5326 20703-20708 NNS denotes genes
T5327 20709-20712 VBP denotes are
T5328 20722-20725 IN denotes for
T5329 20726-20729 DT denotes the
T5330 20730-20739 NN denotes expansion
T5331 20740-20742 IN denotes of
T5332 20743-20750 JJ denotes somatic
T5333 20751-20756 NNS denotes cells
T5334 20756-20758 , denotes ,
T5335 20758-20767 VBG denotes including
T5336 20768-20775 NN denotes Sertoli
T5337 20776-20780 NN denotes cell
T5338 20781-20791 NNS denotes precursors
T5339 20791-20793 , denotes ,
T5340 20793-20795 IN denotes in
T5341 20796-20798 NN denotes XY
T5342 20799-20805 NNS denotes gonads
T5343 20805-20806 . denotes .
T5680 20808-20811 DT denotes The
T5681 20817-20824 NN denotes Pathway
T5682 20812-20816 JJ denotes Male
T5683 20828-20835 VBN denotes Aborted
T5684 20825-20827 VBZ denotes Is
T5685 20836-20838 IN denotes in
T5686 20839-20843 NN denotes Fgf9
T5687 20856-20866 NNS denotes Precursors
T5688 20844-20845 SYM denotes −
T5689 20845-20846 HYPH denotes /
T5690 20846-20847 SYM denotes −
T5691 20848-20855 NN denotes Sertoli
T5692 20866-21008 sentence denotes Based on the fact that Sox9 is initially expressed in Fgf9 −/− gonads, we investigated whether other genes in the male pathway are activated.
T5693 20867-20872 VBN denotes Based
T5694 20941-20953 VBD denotes investigated
T5695 20873-20875 IN denotes on
T5696 20876-20879 DT denotes the
T5697 20880-20884 NN denotes fact
T5698 20885-20889 IN denotes that
T5699 20908-20917 VBN denotes expressed
T5700 20890-20894 NN denotes Sox9
T5701 20895-20897 VBZ denotes is
T5702 20898-20907 RB denotes initially
T5703 20918-20920 IN denotes in
T5704 20921-20925 NN denotes Fgf9
T5705 20930-20936 NNS denotes gonads
T5706 20926-20927 SYM denotes −
T5707 20927-20928 HYPH denotes /
T5708 20928-20929 SYM denotes −
T5709 20936-20938 , denotes ,
T5710 20938-20940 PRP denotes we
T5711 20954-20961 IN denotes whether
T5712 20998-21007 VBN denotes activated
T5713 20962-20967 JJ denotes other
T5714 20968-20973 NNS denotes genes
T5715 20974-20976 IN denotes in
T5716 20977-20980 DT denotes the
T5717 20986-20993 NN denotes pathway
T5718 20981-20985 JJ denotes male
T5719 20994-20997 VBP denotes are
T5720 21007-21008 . denotes .
T5721 21008-21196 sentence denotes We examined two markers for Sertoli cell differentiation, anti-Mullerian hormone (Amh) [ 38] and Desert hedgehog (Dhh) [ 39] in Fgf9 −/− XY gonads using whole-mount in situ hybridization.
T5722 21009-21011 PRP denotes We
T5723 21012-21020 VBD denotes examined
T5724 21021-21024 CD denotes two
T5725 21025-21032 NNS denotes markers
T5726 21033-21036 IN denotes for
T5727 21037-21044 NN denotes Sertoli
T5728 21045-21049 NN denotes cell
T5729 21050-21065 NN denotes differentiation
T5730 21065-21067 , denotes ,
T5731 21067-21081 JJ denotes anti-Mullerian
T5732 21082-21089 NN denotes hormone
T5733 21090-21091 -LRB- denotes (
T5734 21091-21094 NN denotes Amh
T5735 21094-21095 -RRB- denotes )
T5736 21096-21097 -LRB- denotes [
T5737 21098-21100 CD denotes 38
T5738 21100-21101 -RRB- denotes ]
T5739 21102-21105 CC denotes and
T5740 21106-21112 NN denotes Desert
T5741 21113-21121 NN denotes hedgehog
T5742 21122-21123 -LRB- denotes (
T5743 21123-21126 NN denotes Dhh
T5744 21126-21127 -RRB- denotes )
T5745 21128-21129 -LRB- denotes [
T5746 21130-21132 CD denotes 39
T5747 21132-21133 -RRB- denotes ]
T5748 21134-21136 IN denotes in
T5749 21137-21141 NN denotes Fgf9
T5750 21144-21145 SYM denotes −
T5751 21142-21143 SYM denotes −
T5752 21143-21144 HYPH denotes /
T5753 21149-21155 NNS denotes gonads
T5754 21146-21148 NN denotes XY
T5755 21156-21161 VBG denotes using
T5756 21162-21167 JJ denotes whole
T5757 21168-21173 NN denotes mount
T5758 21167-21168 HYPH denotes -
T5759 21182-21195 NN denotes hybridization
T5760 21174-21176 FW denotes in
T5761 21177-21181 FW denotes situ
T5762 21195-21196 . denotes .
T5763 21196-21391 sentence denotes Dhh, which is expressed in XY wild-type and heterozygous gonads beginning at 11.5 dpc, was absent from Fgf9 −/− XY gonads, although mesonephric expression was still detected ( Figure 4A and 4B).
T5764 21197-21200 NN denotes Dhh
T5765 21284-21287 VBD denotes was
T5766 21200-21202 , denotes ,
T5767 21202-21207 WDT denotes which
T5768 21211-21220 VBN denotes expressed
T5769 21208-21210 VBZ denotes is
T5770 21221-21223 IN denotes in
T5771 21224-21226 NN denotes XY
T5772 21254-21260 NNS denotes gonads
T5773 21227-21231 JJ denotes wild
T5774 21232-21236 NN denotes type
T5775 21231-21232 HYPH denotes -
T5776 21237-21240 CC denotes and
T5777 21241-21253 JJ denotes heterozygous
T5778 21261-21270 VBG denotes beginning
T5779 21271-21273 IN denotes at
T5780 21274-21278 CD denotes 11.5
T5781 21279-21282 NNS denotes dpc
T5782 21282-21284 , denotes ,
T5783 21288-21294 JJ denotes absent
T5784 21295-21299 IN denotes from
T5785 21300-21304 NN denotes Fgf9
T5786 21312-21318 NNS denotes gonads
T5787 21305-21306 SYM denotes −
T5788 21306-21307 HYPH denotes /
T5789 21307-21308 SYM denotes −
T5790 21309-21311 NN denotes XY
T5791 21318-21320 , denotes ,
T5792 21320-21328 IN denotes although
T5793 21362-21370 VBN denotes detected
T5794 21329-21340 JJ denotes mesonephric
T5795 21341-21351 NN denotes expression
T5796 21352-21355 VBD denotes was
T5797 21356-21361 RB denotes still
T5798 21371-21372 -LRB- denotes (
T5799 21380-21382 NN denotes 4A
T5800 21373-21379 NN denotes Figure
T5801 21383-21386 CC denotes and
T5802 21387-21389 NN denotes 4B
T5803 21389-21390 -RRB- denotes )
T5804 21390-21391 . denotes .
T5805 21391-21564 sentence denotes Amh, which is a direct transcriptional target of SOX9 activated after 11.5 dpc [ 38, 40], was detected at reduced levels in Fgf9 −/− XY gonads at 12.5 dpc ( Figure 4C– 4F).
T5806 21392-21395 NN denotes Amh
T5807 21486-21494 VBN denotes detected
T5808 21395-21397 , denotes ,
T5809 21397-21402 WDT denotes which
T5810 21403-21405 VBZ denotes is
T5811 21406-21407 DT denotes a
T5812 21431-21437 NN denotes target
T5813 21408-21414 JJ denotes direct
T5814 21415-21430 JJ denotes transcriptional
T5815 21438-21440 IN denotes of
T5816 21441-21445 NN denotes SOX9
T5817 21446-21455 VBN denotes activated
T5818 21456-21461 IN denotes after
T5819 21462-21466 CD denotes 11.5
T5820 21467-21470 NNS denotes dpc
T5821 21471-21472 -LRB- denotes [
T5822 21477-21479 CD denotes 40
T5823 21473-21475 CD denotes 38
T5824 21475-21476 , denotes ,
T5825 21479-21480 -RRB- denotes ]
T5826 21480-21482 , denotes ,
T5827 21482-21485 VBD denotes was
T5828 21495-21497 IN denotes at
T5829 21498-21505 VBN denotes reduced
T5830 21506-21512 NNS denotes levels
T5831 21513-21515 IN denotes in
T5832 21516-21520 NN denotes Fgf9
T5833 21528-21534 NNS denotes gonads
T5834 21521-21522 SYM denotes −
T5835 21522-21523 HYPH denotes /
T5836 21523-21524 SYM denotes −
T5837 21525-21527 NN denotes XY
T5838 21535-21537 IN denotes at
T5839 21538-21542 CD denotes 12.5
T5840 21543-21546 NNS denotes dpc
T5841 21547-21548 -LRB- denotes (
T5842 21556-21558 NN denotes 4C
T5843 21549-21555 NN denotes Figure
T5844 21558-21559 SYM denotes –
T5845 21560-21562 NN denotes 4F
T5846 21562-21563 -RRB- denotes )
T5847 21563-21564 . denotes .
T5848 21564-21729 sentence denotes The residual level of Amh suggested that the transient expression of SOX9 in Fgf9 −/− gonads at 11.5 dpc was sufficient to activate Amh, a direct downstream target.
T5849 21565-21568 DT denotes The
T5850 21578-21583 NN denotes level
T5851 21569-21577 JJ denotes residual
T5852 21591-21600 VBD denotes suggested
T5853 21584-21586 IN denotes of
T5854 21587-21590 NN denotes Amh
T5855 21601-21605 IN denotes that
T5856 21670-21673 VBD denotes was
T5857 21606-21609 DT denotes the
T5858 21620-21630 NN denotes expression
T5859 21610-21619 JJ denotes transient
T5860 21631-21633 IN denotes of
T5861 21634-21638 NN denotes SOX9
T5862 21639-21641 IN denotes in
T5863 21642-21646 NN denotes Fgf9
T5864 21651-21657 NNS denotes gonads
T5865 21647-21648 SYM denotes −
T5866 21648-21649 HYPH denotes /
T5867 21649-21650 SYM denotes −
T5868 21658-21660 IN denotes at
T5869 21661-21665 CD denotes 11.5
T5870 21666-21669 NNS denotes dpc
T5871 21674-21684 JJ denotes sufficient
T5872 21685-21687 TO denotes to
T5873 21688-21696 VB denotes activate
T5874 21697-21700 NN denotes Amh
T5875 21700-21702 , denotes ,
T5876 21702-21703 DT denotes a
T5877 21722-21728 NN denotes target
T5878 21704-21710 JJ denotes direct
T5879 21711-21721 JJ denotes downstream
T5880 21728-21729 . denotes .
T5881 21729-21812 sentence denotes However, the absence of Dhh indicated that not all Sertoli pathways are initiated.
T5882 21730-21737 RB denotes However
T5883 21758-21767 VBD denotes indicated
T5884 21737-21739 , denotes ,
T5885 21739-21742 DT denotes the
T5886 21743-21750 NN denotes absence
T5887 21751-21753 IN denotes of
T5888 21754-21757 NN denotes Dhh
T5889 21768-21772 IN denotes that
T5890 21802-21811 VBN denotes initiated
T5891 21773-21776 RB denotes not
T5892 21789-21797 NNS denotes pathways
T5893 21777-21780 DT denotes all
T5894 21781-21788 NN denotes Sertoli
T5895 21798-21801 VBP denotes are
T5896 21811-21812 . denotes .
T5897 21812-23009 sentence denotes Figure 4 Sertoli Cell Precursors Switch from Expression of Male to Female Pathway Genes (A–F) Whole-mount in situ hybridization for genes in the male pathway downstream of Sox9, Dhh, and Amh. Dhh expression is disrupted in XY Fgf9 −/− gonads (g) at 11.5 dpc (A and B). Amh expression is severely reduced in XY Fgf9 −/− gonads at 12.5 dpc (E and F). (G and H) Analysis of cell death in Fgf9 −/− XY gonads using an apoptotic marker, active caspase-3 (red). No increased apoptosis is observed in XY Fgf9 −/− gonads (g) compared with control XY gonads, although apoptotic cells are increased around mesonephric tubules (m) of the mutant gonads (arrow in H). Semitransparent dotted line indicates boundary between mesonephros and gonad. (PECAM, green). (I–K) Whole-mount in situ hybridization for Wnt4, an ovary marker. Wnt4 is expressed in Fgf9 −/− XY gonads at 12.5 dpc (K) similar to the level in XX Fgf9 +/− controls (I) but not in XY controls (J). The scale bars represent 50 μm. g, gonad; m, mesonephros. The initial specification of Sertoli cell precursors was not affected by the loss of Fgf9, as evidenced by normal Sry and Sox9 expression in Fgf9 −/− gonads at 11.5 dpc ( Figures 2 and 3D).
T5898 22820-22823 DT denotes The
T5899 22832-22845 NN denotes specification
T5900 22824-22831 JJ denotes initial
T5901 22881-22889 VBN denotes affected
T5902 22846-22848 IN denotes of
T5903 22849-22856 NN denotes Sertoli
T5904 22857-22861 NN denotes cell
T5905 22862-22872 NNS denotes precursors
T5906 22873-22876 VBD denotes was
T5907 22877-22880 RB denotes not
T5908 22890-22892 IN denotes by
T5909 22893-22896 DT denotes the
T5910 22897-22901 NN denotes loss
T5911 22902-22904 IN denotes of
T5912 22905-22909 NN denotes Fgf9
T5913 22909-22911 , denotes ,
T5914 22911-22913 IN denotes as
T5915 22914-22923 VBN denotes evidenced
T5916 22924-22926 IN denotes by
T5917 22927-22933 JJ denotes normal
T5918 22947-22957 NN denotes expression
T5919 22934-22937 NN denotes Sry
T5920 22938-22941 CC denotes and
T5921 22942-22946 NN denotes Sox9
T5922 22958-22960 IN denotes in
T5923 22961-22965 NN denotes Fgf9
T5924 22970-22976 NNS denotes gonads
T5925 22966-22967 SYM denotes −
T5926 22967-22968 HYPH denotes /
T5927 22968-22969 SYM denotes −
T5928 22977-22979 IN denotes at
T5929 22980-22984 CD denotes 11.5
T5930 22985-22988 NNS denotes dpc
T5931 22989-22990 -LRB- denotes (
T5932 23005-23007 NN denotes 3D
T5933 22991-22998 NNS denotes Figures
T5934 22999-23000 CD denotes 2
T5935 23001-23004 CC denotes and
T5936 23007-23008 -RRB- denotes )
T5937 23008-23009 . denotes .
T5938 23009-23173 sentence denotes However, SOX9 expression in XY Fgf9 −/− gonads rapidly disappeared ( Figure 3E and 3F), and other Sertoli markers were absent or severely reduced ( Figure 4A– 4F).
T5939 23010-23017 RB denotes However
T5940 23065-23076 VBD denotes disappeared
T5941 23017-23019 , denotes ,
T5942 23019-23023 NN denotes SOX9
T5943 23024-23034 NN denotes expression
T5944 23035-23037 IN denotes in
T5945 23038-23040 NN denotes XY
T5946 23050-23056 NNS denotes gonads
T5947 23041-23045 NN denotes Fgf9
T5948 23046-23047 SYM denotes −
T5949 23047-23048 HYPH denotes /
T5950 23048-23049 SYM denotes −
T5951 23057-23064 RB denotes rapidly
T5952 23077-23078 -LRB- denotes (
T5953 23086-23088 NN denotes 3E
T5954 23079-23085 NN denotes Figure
T5955 23089-23092 CC denotes and
T5956 23093-23095 NN denotes 3F
T5957 23095-23096 -RRB- denotes )
T5958 23096-23098 , denotes ,
T5959 23098-23101 CC denotes and
T5960 23102-23107 JJ denotes other
T5961 23116-23123 NNS denotes markers
T5962 23108-23115 NN denotes Sertoli
T5963 23124-23128 VBD denotes were
T5964 23129-23135 JJ denotes absent
T5965 23136-23138 CC denotes or
T5966 23139-23147 RB denotes severely
T5967 23148-23155 VBN denotes reduced
T5968 23156-23157 -LRB- denotes (
T5969 23165-23167 NN denotes 4A
T5970 23158-23164 NN denotes Figure
T5971 23167-23168 SYM denotes –
T5972 23169-23171 NN denotes 4F
T5973 23171-23172 -RRB- denotes )
T5974 23172-23173 . denotes .
T5975 23173-23421 sentence denotes To investigate the possibility that this loss was due to cell death, we immunostained XY Fgf9 −/− gonads at 12.0 dpc—a time point at which SOX9-expressing cells were declining in numbers ( Figure 3E)—for active caspase-3, an apoptotic cell marker.
T5976 23174-23176 TO denotes To
T5977 23177-23188 VB denotes investigate
T5978 23246-23259 VBD denotes immunostained
T5979 23189-23192 DT denotes the
T5980 23193-23204 NN denotes possibility
T5981 23205-23209 IN denotes that
T5982 23220-23223 VBD denotes was
T5983 23210-23214 DT denotes this
T5984 23215-23219 NN denotes loss
T5985 23224-23227 IN denotes due
T5986 23228-23230 IN denotes to
T5987 23231-23235 NN denotes cell
T5988 23236-23241 NN denotes death
T5989 23241-23243 , denotes ,
T5990 23243-23245 PRP denotes we
T5991 23260-23262 NN denotes XY
T5992 23272-23278 NNS denotes gonads
T5993 23263-23267 NN denotes Fgf9
T5994 23268-23269 SYM denotes −
T5995 23269-23270 HYPH denotes /
T5996 23270-23271 SYM denotes −
T5997 23279-23281 IN denotes at
T5998 23282-23286 CD denotes 12.0
T5999 23287-23290 NNS denotes dpc
T6000 23290-23291 HYPH denotes —
T6001 23291-23292 DT denotes a
T6002 23298-23303 NN denotes point
T6003 23293-23297 NN denotes time
T6004 23304-23306 IN denotes at
T6005 23340-23349 VBG denotes declining
T6006 23307-23312 WDT denotes which
T6007 23313-23317 NN denotes SOX9
T6008 23329-23334 NNS denotes cells
T6009 23317-23318 HYPH denotes -
T6010 23318-23328 VBG denotes expressing
T6011 23335-23339 VBD denotes were
T6012 23350-23352 IN denotes in
T6013 23353-23360 NNS denotes numbers
T6014 23361-23362 -LRB- denotes (
T6015 23370-23372 NN denotes 3E
T6016 23363-23369 NN denotes Figure
T6017 23372-23373 -RRB- denotes )
T6018 23373-23374 HYPH denotes —
T6019 23374-23377 IN denotes for
T6020 23378-23384 JJ denotes active
T6021 23385-23392 NN denotes caspase
T6022 23392-23393 HYPH denotes -
T6023 23393-23394 CD denotes 3
T6024 23394-23396 , denotes ,
T6025 23396-23398 DT denotes an
T6026 23414-23420 NN denotes marker
T6027 23399-23408 JJ denotes apoptotic
T6028 23409-23413 NN denotes cell
T6029 23420-23421 . denotes .
T6030 23421-23663 sentence denotes Apoptotic cells were not observed in Fgf9 −/− gonads or in littermate controls at 12.0 dpc, although Fgf9 −/− samples showed somewhat increased cell death in mesonephric tubules and ducts, another site of Fgf9 expression ( Figure 4G and 4H).
T6031 23422-23431 JJ denotes Apoptotic
T6032 23432-23437 NNS denotes cells
T6033 23447-23455 VBN denotes observed
T6034 23438-23442 VBD denotes were
T6035 23443-23446 RB denotes not
T6036 23456-23458 IN denotes in
T6037 23459-23463 NN denotes Fgf9
T6038 23466-23467 SYM denotes −
T6039 23464-23465 SYM denotes −
T6040 23465-23466 HYPH denotes /
T6041 23468-23474 NNS denotes gonads
T6042 23475-23477 CC denotes or
T6043 23478-23480 IN denotes in
T6044 23481-23491 NN denotes littermate
T6045 23492-23500 NNS denotes controls
T6046 23501-23503 IN denotes at
T6047 23504-23508 CD denotes 12.0
T6048 23509-23512 NNS denotes dpc
T6049 23512-23514 , denotes ,
T6050 23514-23522 IN denotes although
T6051 23540-23546 VBD denotes showed
T6052 23523-23527 NN denotes Fgf9
T6053 23530-23531 SYM denotes −
T6054 23528-23529 SYM denotes −
T6055 23529-23530 HYPH denotes /
T6056 23532-23539 NNS denotes samples
T6057 23547-23555 RB denotes somewhat
T6058 23556-23565 VBN denotes increased
T6059 23571-23576 NN denotes death
T6060 23566-23570 NN denotes cell
T6061 23577-23579 IN denotes in
T6062 23580-23591 JJ denotes mesonephric
T6063 23592-23599 NNS denotes tubules
T6064 23600-23603 CC denotes and
T6065 23604-23609 NNS denotes ducts
T6066 23609-23611 , denotes ,
T6067 23611-23618 DT denotes another
T6068 23619-23623 NN denotes site
T6069 23624-23626 IN denotes of
T6070 23627-23631 NN denotes Fgf9
T6071 23632-23642 NN denotes expression
T6072 23643-23644 -LRB- denotes (
T6073 23652-23654 NN denotes 4G
T6074 23645-23651 NN denotes Figure
T6075 23655-23658 CC denotes and
T6076 23659-23661 NN denotes 4H
T6077 23661-23662 -RRB- denotes )
T6078 23662-23663 . denotes .
T6079 23663-23828 sentence denotes These data suggested that the loss of SOX9 expression in Fgf9 −/− XY gonads was not caused by cell death but by the disruption of FGF9/SOX9 feed-forward regulation.
T6080 23664-23669 DT denotes These
T6081 23670-23674 NNS denotes data
T6082 23675-23684 VBD denotes suggested
T6083 23685-23689 IN denotes that
T6084 23748-23754 VBN denotes caused
T6085 23690-23693 DT denotes the
T6086 23694-23698 NN denotes loss
T6087 23699-23701 IN denotes of
T6088 23702-23706 NN denotes SOX9
T6089 23707-23717 NN denotes expression
T6090 23718-23720 IN denotes in
T6091 23721-23725 NN denotes Fgf9
T6092 23728-23729 SYM denotes −
T6093 23726-23727 SYM denotes −
T6094 23727-23728 HYPH denotes /
T6095 23733-23739 NNS denotes gonads
T6096 23730-23732 NN denotes XY
T6097 23740-23743 VBD denotes was
T6098 23744-23747 RB denotes not
T6099 23755-23757 IN denotes by
T6100 23758-23762 NN denotes cell
T6101 23763-23768 NN denotes death
T6102 23769-23772 CC denotes but
T6103 23773-23775 IN denotes by
T6104 23776-23779 DT denotes the
T6105 23780-23790 NN denotes disruption
T6106 23791-23793 IN denotes of
T6107 23794-23798 NN denotes FGF9
T6108 23799-23803 NN denotes SOX9
T6109 23798-23799 HYPH denotes /
T6110 23817-23827 NN denotes regulation
T6111 23804-23808 NN denotes feed
T6112 23808-23809 HYPH denotes -
T6113 23809-23816 RB denotes forward
T6114 23827-23828 . denotes .
T6115 23828-24066 sentence denotes To determine whether the aborting of the male pathway in Fgf9 −/− Sertoli precursors was associated with the transition of supporting cells from male to female differentiation, we investigated expression of Wnt4, an ovary-promoting gene.
T6116 23829-23831 TO denotes To
T6117 23832-23841 VB denotes determine
T6118 24009-24021 VBD denotes investigated
T6119 23842-23849 IN denotes whether
T6120 23918-23928 VBN denotes associated
T6121 23850-23853 DT denotes the
T6122 23854-23862 NN denotes aborting
T6123 23863-23865 IN denotes of
T6124 23866-23869 DT denotes the
T6125 23875-23882 NN denotes pathway
T6126 23870-23874 JJ denotes male
T6127 23883-23885 IN denotes in
T6128 23886-23890 NN denotes Fgf9
T6129 23893-23894 SYM denotes −
T6130 23891-23892 SYM denotes −
T6131 23892-23893 HYPH denotes /
T6132 23903-23913 NNS denotes precursors
T6133 23895-23902 NN denotes Sertoli
T6134 23914-23917 VBD denotes was
T6135 23929-23933 IN denotes with
T6136 23934-23937 DT denotes the
T6137 23938-23948 NN denotes transition
T6138 23949-23951 IN denotes of
T6139 23952-23962 VBG denotes supporting
T6140 23963-23968 NNS denotes cells
T6141 23969-23973 IN denotes from
T6142 23974-23978 JJ denotes male
T6143 23989-24004 NN denotes differentiation
T6144 23979-23981 IN denotes to
T6145 23982-23988 JJ denotes female
T6146 24004-24006 , denotes ,
T6147 24006-24008 PRP denotes we
T6148 24022-24032 NN denotes expression
T6149 24033-24035 IN denotes of
T6150 24036-24040 NN denotes Wnt4
T6151 24040-24042 , denotes ,
T6152 24042-24044 DT denotes an
T6153 24061-24065 NN denotes gene
T6154 24045-24050 NN denotes ovary
T6155 24051-24060 VBG denotes promoting
T6156 24050-24051 HYPH denotes -
T6157 24065-24066 . denotes .
T6158 24066-24171 sentence denotes At 12.5 dpc Wnt4 was up-regulated in XY Fgf9 −/− but not in XY Fgf9 +/− gonad controls ( Figure 4I– 4K).
T6159 24067-24069 IN denotes At
T6160 24091-24100 VBN denotes regulated
T6161 24070-24074 CD denotes 12.5
T6162 24075-24078 NNS denotes dpc
T6163 24079-24083 NN denotes Wnt4
T6164 24084-24087 VBD denotes was
T6165 24088-24090 RB denotes up
T6166 24090-24091 HYPH denotes -
T6167 24101-24103 IN denotes in
T6168 24104-24106 NN denotes XY
T6169 24107-24111 NN denotes Fgf9
T6170 24112-24113 SYM denotes −
T6171 24113-24114 HYPH denotes /
T6172 24114-24115 SYM denotes −
T6173 24116-24119 CC denotes but
T6174 24120-24123 RB denotes not
T6175 24124-24126 IN denotes in
T6176 24127-24129 NN denotes XY
T6177 24145-24153 NNS denotes controls
T6178 24130-24134 NN denotes Fgf9
T6179 24135-24136 SYM denotes +
T6180 24136-24137 HYPH denotes /
T6181 24137-24138 SYM denotes −
T6182 24139-24144 NN denotes gonad
T6183 24154-24155 -LRB- denotes (
T6184 24163-24165 NN denotes 4I
T6185 24156-24162 NN denotes Figure
T6186 24165-24166 SYM denotes –
T6187 24167-24169 NN denotes 4K
T6188 24169-24170 -RRB- denotes )
T6189 24170-24171 . denotes .
T6190 24171-24305 sentence denotes This result suggests that Fgf9 is necessary for the down-regulation of Wnt4 in differentiating XY gonads at/after bipotential stages.
T6191 24172-24176 DT denotes This
T6192 24177-24183 NN denotes result
T6193 24184-24192 VBZ denotes suggests
T6194 24193-24197 IN denotes that
T6195 24203-24205 VBZ denotes is
T6196 24198-24202 NN denotes Fgf9
T6197 24206-24215 JJ denotes necessary
T6198 24216-24219 IN denotes for
T6199 24220-24223 DT denotes the
T6200 24229-24239 NN denotes regulation
T6201 24224-24228 JJ denotes down
T6202 24228-24229 HYPH denotes -
T6203 24240-24242 IN denotes of
T6204 24243-24247 NN denotes Wnt4
T6205 24248-24250 IN denotes in
T6206 24251-24266 VBG denotes differentiating
T6207 24267-24269 NN denotes XY
T6208 24270-24276 NNS denotes gonads
T6209 24277-24279 IN denotes at
T6210 24279-24280 HYPH denotes /
T6211 24280-24285 IN denotes after
T6212 24286-24297 JJ denotes bipotential
T6213 24298-24304 NNS denotes stages
T6214 24304-24305 . denotes .
T6521 16-20 NN denotes t as
T6522 24321-24331 VBP denotes Antagonize
T6523 21-24 CC denotes Ant
T6524 24316-24320 NN denotes Wnt4
T6525 24332-24336 DT denotes Each
T6526 24337-24342 JJ denotes Other
T6527 24342-24604 sentence denotes Our finding that high levels of Wnt4 persist in Fgf9 −/− XY gonads implies a genetic antagonism specifically between Fgf9 and Wnt4, as both SRY and SOX9 are initially expressed in Fgf9 −/− XY gonads at 11.5 dpc, yet this is not sufficient to down-regulate Wnt4.
T6528 24343-24346 PRP$ denotes Our
T6529 24347-24354 NN denotes finding
T6530 24410-24417 VBZ denotes implies
T6531 24355-24359 IN denotes that
T6532 24380-24387 VBP denotes persist
T6533 24360-24364 JJ denotes high
T6534 24365-24371 NNS denotes levels
T6535 24372-24374 IN denotes of
T6536 24375-24379 NN denotes Wnt4
T6537 24388-24390 IN denotes in
T6538 24391-24395 NN denotes Fgf9
T6539 24398-24399 SYM denotes −
T6540 24396-24397 SYM denotes −
T6541 24397-24398 HYPH denotes /
T6542 24403-24409 NNS denotes gonads
T6543 24400-24402 NN denotes XY
T6544 24418-24419 DT denotes a
T6545 24428-24438 NN denotes antagonism
T6546 24420-24427 JJ denotes genetic
T6547 24439-24451 RB denotes specifically
T6548 24452-24459 IN denotes between
T6549 24460-24464 NN denotes Fgf9
T6550 24465-24468 CC denotes and
T6551 24469-24473 NN denotes Wnt4
T6552 24473-24475 , denotes ,
T6553 24475-24477 IN denotes as
T6554 24510-24519 VBN denotes expressed
T6555 24478-24482 CC denotes both
T6556 24483-24486 NN denotes SRY
T6557 24487-24490 CC denotes and
T6558 24491-24495 NN denotes SOX9
T6559 24496-24499 VBP denotes are
T6560 24500-24509 RB denotes initially
T6561 24520-24522 IN denotes in
T6562 24523-24527 NN denotes Fgf9
T6563 24535-24541 NNS denotes gonads
T6564 24528-24529 SYM denotes −
T6565 24529-24530 HYPH denotes /
T6566 24530-24531 SYM denotes −
T6567 24532-24534 NN denotes XY
T6568 24542-24544 IN denotes at
T6569 24545-24549 CD denotes 11.5
T6570 24550-24553 NNS denotes dpc
T6571 24553-24555 , denotes ,
T6572 24555-24558 CC denotes yet
T6573 24559-24563 DT denotes this
T6574 24564-24566 VBZ denotes is
T6575 24567-24570 RB denotes not
T6576 24571-24581 JJ denotes sufficient
T6577 24582-24584 TO denotes to
T6578 24590-24598 VB denotes regulate
T6579 24585-24589 RB denotes down
T6580 24589-24590 HYPH denotes -
T6581 24599-24603 NN denotes Wnt4
T6582 24603-24604 . denotes .
T6583 24604-24817 sentence denotes To test whether exogenous FGF9 could down-regulate expression of Wnt4, we cultured the XX gonad/mesonephros complex with or without FGF9 protein, and examined Wnt4 expression by whole-mount in situ hybridization.
T6584 24605-24607 TO denotes To
T6585 24608-24612 VB denotes test
T6586 24679-24687 VBD denotes cultured
T6587 24613-24620 IN denotes whether
T6588 24647-24655 VB denotes regulate
T6589 24621-24630 JJ denotes exogenous
T6590 24631-24635 NN denotes FGF9
T6591 24636-24641 MD denotes could
T6592 24642-24646 RB denotes down
T6593 24646-24647 HYPH denotes -
T6594 24656-24666 NN denotes expression
T6595 24667-24669 IN denotes of
T6596 24670-24674 NN denotes Wnt4
T6597 24674-24676 , denotes ,
T6598 24676-24678 PRP denotes we
T6599 24688-24691 DT denotes the
T6600 24713-24720 NN denotes complex
T6601 24692-24694 NN denotes XX
T6602 24695-24700 NN denotes gonad
T6603 24701-24712 NN denotes mesonephros
T6604 24700-24701 HYPH denotes /
T6605 24721-24725 IN denotes with
T6606 24726-24728 CC denotes or
T6607 24729-24736 IN denotes without
T6608 24737-24741 NN denotes FGF9
T6609 24742-24749 NN denotes protein
T6610 24749-24751 , denotes ,
T6611 24751-24754 CC denotes and
T6612 24755-24763 VBD denotes examined
T6613 24764-24768 NN denotes Wnt4
T6614 24769-24779 NN denotes expression
T6615 24780-24782 IN denotes by
T6616 24783-24788 JJ denotes whole
T6617 24789-24794 NN denotes mount
T6618 24788-24789 HYPH denotes -
T6619 24803-24816 NN denotes hybridization
T6620 24795-24797 FW denotes in
T6621 24798-24802 FW denotes situ
T6622 24816-24817 . denotes .
T6623 24817-25037 sentence denotes Treatment of XX gonads with exogenous FGF9 suppressed the normal expression of Wnt4 ( Figure 5A– 5C), supporting the hypothesis that Fgf9, rather than Sry or Sox9, functions to down-regulate Wnt4 in wild-type XY gonads.
T6624 24818-24827 NN denotes Treatment
T6625 24861-24871 VBD denotes suppressed
T6626 24828-24830 IN denotes of
T6627 24831-24833 NN denotes XX
T6628 24834-24840 NNS denotes gonads
T6629 24841-24845 IN denotes with
T6630 24846-24855 JJ denotes exogenous
T6631 24856-24860 NN denotes FGF9
T6632 24872-24875 DT denotes the
T6633 24883-24893 NN denotes expression
T6634 24876-24882 JJ denotes normal
T6635 24894-24896 IN denotes of
T6636 24897-24901 NN denotes Wnt4
T6637 24902-24903 -LRB- denotes (
T6638 24911-24913 NN denotes 5A
T6639 24904-24910 NN denotes Figure
T6640 24913-24914 SYM denotes –
T6641 24915-24917 NN denotes 5C
T6642 24917-24918 -RRB- denotes )
T6643 24918-24920 , denotes ,
T6644 24920-24930 VBG denotes supporting
T6645 24931-24934 DT denotes the
T6646 24935-24945 NN denotes hypothesis
T6647 24946-24950 IN denotes that
T6648 24982-24991 VBZ denotes functions
T6649 24951-24955 NN denotes Fgf9
T6650 24955-24957 , denotes ,
T6651 24957-24963 RB denotes rather
T6652 24964-24968 IN denotes than
T6653 24969-24972 NN denotes Sry
T6654 24973-24975 CC denotes or
T6655 24976-24980 NN denotes Sox9
T6656 24980-24982 , denotes ,
T6657 24992-24994 TO denotes to
T6658 25000-25008 VB denotes regulate
T6659 24995-24999 RB denotes down
T6660 24999-25000 HYPH denotes -
T6661 25009-25013 NN denotes Wnt4
T6662 25014-25016 IN denotes in
T6663 25017-25021 JJ denotes wild
T6664 25022-25026 NN denotes type
T6665 25021-25022 HYPH denotes -
T6666 25030-25036 NNS denotes gonads
T6667 25027-25029 NN denotes XY
T6668 25036-25037 . denotes .
T6669 25037-25796 sentence denotes Figure 5 Mutual Antagonism between Fgf9 and Wnt4 (A–C) Wnt4 whole-mount in situ hybridization on gonad cultures. Adding exogenous FGF9 in gonad cultures results in the down-regulation of Wnt4 expression in cultured XX gonads (C). Controls (A and B) were cultured without FGF9 peptide. (D–G) Reduction in the dose of Wnt4 allows FGF9 to induce SOX9 in XX gonads. Immunostaining of SOX9 (red) shows that addition of FGF9 up-regulates SOX9 expression in heterozygous Wnt4 +/− XX gonads (G), but not in Wnt4 +/+ XX gonads (F). PECAM, green. The scale bars represent 50 μm. We reasoned that if FGF9 and WNT4 do act as opposing signals, then reduction in the dose of Wnt4 might render the XX gonad more susceptible to the male-promoting effects of exogenous FGF9.
T6670 25608-25610 PRP denotes We
T6671 25611-25619 VBD denotes reasoned
T6672 25620-25624 IN denotes that
T6673 25711-25717 VB denotes render
T6674 25625-25627 IN denotes if
T6675 25645-25648 VB denotes act
T6676 25628-25632 NN denotes FGF9
T6677 25633-25636 CC denotes and
T6678 25637-25641 NN denotes WNT4
T6679 25642-25644 VBP denotes do
T6680 25649-25651 IN denotes as
T6681 25652-25660 VBG denotes opposing
T6682 25661-25668 NNS denotes signals
T6683 25668-25670 , denotes ,
T6684 25670-25674 RB denotes then
T6685 25675-25684 NN denotes reduction
T6686 25685-25687 IN denotes in
T6687 25688-25691 DT denotes the
T6688 25692-25696 NN denotes dose
T6689 25697-25699 IN denotes of
T6690 25700-25704 NN denotes Wnt4
T6691 25705-25710 MD denotes might
T6692 25718-25721 DT denotes the
T6693 25725-25730 NN denotes gonad
T6694 25722-25724 NN denotes XX
T6695 25731-25735 RBR denotes more
T6696 25736-25747 JJ denotes susceptible
T6697 25748-25750 IN denotes to
T6698 25751-25754 DT denotes the
T6699 25770-25777 NNS denotes effects
T6700 25755-25759 JJ denotes male
T6701 25760-25769 VBG denotes promoting
T6702 25759-25760 HYPH denotes -
T6703 25778-25780 IN denotes of
T6704 25781-25790 JJ denotes exogenous
T6705 25791-25795 NN denotes FGF9
T6706 25795-25796 . denotes .
T6707 25796-25956 sentence denotes To test this possibility, XX Wnt4 +/− and Wnt4 +/+ gonads were cultured in medium with or without FGF9, and were examined for SOX9 expression ( Figure 5D– 5G).
T6708 25797-25799 TO denotes To
T6709 25800-25804 VB denotes test
T6710 25860-25868 VBN denotes cultured
T6711 25805-25809 DT denotes this
T6712 25810-25821 NN denotes possibility
T6713 25821-25823 , denotes ,
T6714 25823-25825 NN denotes XX
T6715 25848-25854 NNS denotes gonads
T6716 25826-25830 NN denotes Wnt4
T6717 25831-25832 SYM denotes +
T6718 25832-25833 HYPH denotes /
T6719 25833-25834 SYM denotes −
T6720 25835-25838 CC denotes and
T6721 25839-25843 NN denotes Wnt4
T6722 25844-25845 SYM denotes +
T6723 25845-25846 HYPH denotes /
T6724 25846-25847 SYM denotes +
T6725 25855-25859 VBD denotes were
T6726 25869-25871 IN denotes in
T6727 25872-25878 NN denotes medium
T6728 25879-25883 IN denotes with
T6729 25884-25886 CC denotes or
T6730 25887-25894 IN denotes without
T6731 25895-25899 NN denotes FGF9
T6732 25899-25901 , denotes ,
T6733 25901-25904 CC denotes and
T6734 25905-25909 VBD denotes were
T6735 25910-25918 VBN denotes examined
T6736 25919-25922 IN denotes for
T6737 25923-25927 NN denotes SOX9
T6738 25928-25938 NN denotes expression
T6739 25939-25940 -LRB- denotes (
T6740 25948-25950 NN denotes 5D
T6741 25941-25947 NN denotes Figure
T6742 25950-25951 SYM denotes –
T6743 25952-25954 NN denotes 5G
T6744 25954-25955 -RRB- denotes )
T6745 25955-25956 . denotes .
T6746 25956-26076 sentence denotes We found that FGF9 induced SOX9 up-regulation in XX Wnt4 +/− gonads, but not in Wnt4 +/+ XX gonads ( Figure 5F and 5G).
T6747 25957-25959 PRP denotes We
T6748 25960-25965 VBD denotes found
T6749 25966-25970 IN denotes that
T6750 25976-25983 VBD denotes induced
T6751 25971-25975 NN denotes FGF9
T6752 25984-25988 NN denotes SOX9
T6753 25992-26002 NN denotes regulation
T6754 25989-25991 JJ denotes up
T6755 25991-25992 HYPH denotes -
T6756 26003-26005 IN denotes in
T6757 26006-26008 NN denotes XX
T6758 26018-26024 NNS denotes gonads
T6759 26009-26013 NN denotes Wnt4
T6760 26014-26015 SYM denotes +
T6761 26015-26016 HYPH denotes /
T6762 26016-26017 SYM denotes −
T6763 26024-26026 , denotes ,
T6764 26026-26029 CC denotes but
T6765 26030-26033 RB denotes not
T6766 26034-26036 IN denotes in
T6767 26037-26041 NN denotes Wnt4
T6768 26049-26055 NNS denotes gonads
T6769 26042-26043 SYM denotes +
T6770 26043-26044 HYPH denotes /
T6771 26044-26045 SYM denotes +
T6772 26046-26048 NN denotes XX
T6773 26056-26057 -LRB- denotes (
T6774 26065-26067 NN denotes 5F
T6775 26058-26064 NN denotes Figure
T6776 26068-26071 CC denotes and
T6777 26072-26074 NN denotes 5G
T6778 26074-26075 -RRB- denotes )
T6779 26075-26076 . denotes .
T6780 26076-26179 sentence denotes These results demonstrate antagonism between WNT4 and FGF9 under in vitro gain-of-function conditions.
T6781 26077-26082 DT denotes These
T6782 26083-26090 NNS denotes results
T6783 26091-26102 VBP denotes demonstrate
T6784 26103-26113 NN denotes antagonism
T6785 26114-26121 IN denotes between
T6786 26122-26126 NN denotes WNT4
T6787 26127-26130 CC denotes and
T6788 26131-26135 NN denotes FGF9
T6789 26136-26141 IN denotes under
T6790 26142-26144 FW denotes in
T6791 26145-26150 FW denotes vitro
T6792 26168-26178 NNS denotes conditions
T6793 26151-26155 NN denotes gain
T6794 26155-26156 HYPH denotes -
T6795 26156-26158 IN denotes of
T6796 26158-26159 HYPH denotes -
T6797 26159-26167 NN denotes function
T6798 26178-26179 . denotes .
T6799 26179-26348 sentence denotes To test antagonism between these factors under loss-of-function conditions in vivo, we investigated whether Fgf9 is derepressed in the absence of Wnt4 ( Figure 6A– 6C).
T6800 26180-26182 TO denotes To
T6801 26183-26187 VB denotes test
T6802 26267-26279 VBD denotes investigated
T6803 26188-26198 NN denotes antagonism
T6804 26199-26206 IN denotes between
T6805 26207-26212 DT denotes these
T6806 26213-26220 NNS denotes factors
T6807 26221-26226 IN denotes under
T6808 26227-26231 NN denotes loss
T6809 26244-26254 NNS denotes conditions
T6810 26231-26232 HYPH denotes -
T6811 26232-26234 IN denotes of
T6812 26234-26235 HYPH denotes -
T6813 26235-26243 NN denotes function
T6814 26255-26257 FW denotes in
T6815 26258-26262 FW denotes vivo
T6816 26262-26264 , denotes ,
T6817 26264-26266 PRP denotes we
T6818 26280-26287 IN denotes whether
T6819 26296-26307 VBN denotes derepressed
T6820 26288-26292 NN denotes Fgf9
T6821 26293-26295 VBZ denotes is
T6822 26308-26310 IN denotes in
T6823 26311-26314 DT denotes the
T6824 26315-26322 NN denotes absence
T6825 26323-26325 IN denotes of
T6826 26326-26330 NN denotes Wnt4
T6827 26331-26332 -LRB- denotes (
T6828 26340-26342 NN denotes 6A
T6829 26333-26339 NN denotes Figure
T6830 26342-26343 SYM denotes –
T6831 26344-26346 NN denotes 6C
T6832 26346-26347 -RRB- denotes )
T6833 26347-26348 . denotes .
T6834 26348-26488 sentence denotes Using an antibody against FGF9, we found that FGF9 was expressed in Wnt4 −/− XX gonads but not in Wnt4 +/− XX controls ( Figure 6B and 6C).
T6835 26349-26354 VBG denotes Using
T6836 26384-26389 VBD denotes found
T6837 26355-26357 DT denotes an
T6838 26358-26366 NN denotes antibody
T6839 26367-26374 IN denotes against
T6840 26375-26379 NN denotes FGF9
T6841 26379-26381 , denotes ,
T6842 26381-26383 PRP denotes we
T6843 26390-26394 IN denotes that
T6844 26404-26413 VBN denotes expressed
T6845 26395-26399 NN denotes FGF9
T6846 26400-26403 VBD denotes was
T6847 26414-26416 IN denotes in
T6848 26417-26421 NN denotes Wnt4
T6849 26429-26435 NNS denotes gonads
T6850 26422-26423 SYM denotes −
T6851 26423-26424 HYPH denotes /
T6852 26424-26425 SYM denotes −
T6853 26426-26428 NN denotes XX
T6854 26436-26439 CC denotes but
T6855 26440-26443 RB denotes not
T6856 26444-26446 IN denotes in
T6857 26447-26451 NN denotes Wnt4
T6858 26459-26467 NNS denotes controls
T6859 26452-26453 SYM denotes +
T6860 26453-26454 HYPH denotes /
T6861 26454-26455 SYM denotes −
T6862 26456-26458 NN denotes XX
T6863 26468-26469 -LRB- denotes (
T6864 26477-26479 NN denotes 6B
T6865 26470-26476 NN denotes Figure
T6866 26480-26483 CC denotes and
T6867 26484-26486 NN denotes 6C
T6868 26486-26487 -RRB- denotes )
T6869 26487-26488 . denotes .
T6870 26488-26569 sentence denotes This result suggested that FGF9 is normally down-regulated by WNT4 in XX gonads.
T6871 26489-26493 DT denotes This
T6872 26494-26500 NN denotes result
T6873 26501-26510 VBD denotes suggested
T6874 26511-26515 IN denotes that
T6875 26538-26547 VBN denotes regulated
T6876 26516-26520 NN denotes FGF9
T6877 26521-26523 VBZ denotes is
T6878 26524-26532 RB denotes normally
T6879 26533-26537 RB denotes down
T6880 26537-26538 HYPH denotes -
T6881 26548-26550 IN denotes by
T6882 26551-26555 NN denotes WNT4
T6883 26556-26558 IN denotes in
T6884 26559-26561 NN denotes XX
T6885 26562-26568 NNS denotes gonads
T6886 26568-26569 . denotes .
T6887 26569-27451 sentence denotes Figure 6 Ectopic Expression of Male Factors, SOX9 and FGF9, in XX Wnt4 −/− Gonads (A–C) FGF9 (red) immunostaining shows that FGF9 is expressed in XX Wnt4 −/− gonads at 12.5 dpc (C) relative to littermate controls (A and B). (D–L) SOX9 (red) immunostaining shows that SOX9 is transiently up-regulated in XX Wnt4 −/− gonads. SOX9 expression is detected in Wnt4 −/− XX gonads at 11.5–12.0 dpc (F and I), albeit at reduced levels compared with XY gonad controls (E-H). SOX9 is not detected in control XX Wnt4 +/− gonads (D-J) or Wnt4 −/− XX gonads at 12.5 dpc (L). The ectopic coelomic vessel in XX Wnt4 −/− gonads [ 28] is indicated by arrowheads. PECAM, green. The scale bars represent 50 μm. Given our finding that FGF9, a positive regulator of Sox9, is derepressed in XX Wnt4 −/− gonads, we asked whether expression of SOX9 might also occur in XX Wnt4 −/− gonads ( Figure 6D– 6L).
T6888 27262-27267 VBN denotes Given
T6889 27362-27367 VBD denotes asked
T6890 27268-27271 PRP$ denotes our
T6891 27272-27279 NN denotes finding
T6892 27280-27284 IN denotes that
T6893 27324-27335 VBN denotes derepressed
T6894 27285-27289 NN denotes FGF9
T6895 27289-27291 , denotes ,
T6896 27291-27292 DT denotes a
T6897 27302-27311 NN denotes regulator
T6898 27293-27301 JJ denotes positive
T6899 27312-27314 IN denotes of
T6900 27315-27319 NN denotes Sox9
T6901 27319-27321 , denotes ,
T6902 27321-27323 VBZ denotes is
T6903 27336-27338 IN denotes in
T6904 27339-27341 NN denotes XX
T6905 27351-27357 NNS denotes gonads
T6906 27342-27346 NN denotes Wnt4
T6907 27347-27348 SYM denotes −
T6908 27348-27349 HYPH denotes /
T6909 27349-27350 SYM denotes −
T6910 27357-27359 , denotes ,
T6911 27359-27361 PRP denotes we
T6912 27368-27375 IN denotes whether
T6913 27406-27411 VB denotes occur
T6914 27376-27386 NN denotes expression
T6915 27387-27389 IN denotes of
T6916 27390-27394 NN denotes SOX9
T6917 27395-27400 MD denotes might
T6918 27401-27405 RB denotes also
T6919 27412-27414 IN denotes in
T6920 27415-27417 NN denotes XX
T6921 27427-27433 NNS denotes gonads
T6922 27418-27422 NN denotes Wnt4
T6923 27423-27424 SYM denotes −
T6924 27424-27425 HYPH denotes /
T6925 27425-27426 SYM denotes −
T6926 27434-27435 -LRB- denotes (
T6927 27443-27445 NN denotes 6D
T6928 27436-27442 NN denotes Figure
T6929 27445-27446 SYM denotes –
T6930 27447-27449 NN denotes 6L
T6931 27449-27450 -RRB- denotes )
T6932 27450-27451 . denotes .
T6933 27451-27678 sentence denotes An antibody against SOX9 revealed that expression was initially up-regulated in Wnt4 −/− XX gonads at 11.5 dpc ( Figure 6F and 6I), although it was rapidly down-regulated by 12.0 dpc and absent at 12.5 dpc ( Figure 6I and 6L).
T6934 27452-27454 DT denotes An
T6935 27455-27463 NN denotes antibody
T6936 27477-27485 VBD denotes revealed
T6937 27464-27471 IN denotes against
T6938 27472-27476 NN denotes SOX9
T6939 27486-27490 IN denotes that
T6940 27519-27528 VBN denotes regulated
T6941 27491-27501 NN denotes expression
T6942 27502-27505 VBD denotes was
T6943 27506-27515 RB denotes initially
T6944 27516-27518 RB denotes up
T6945 27518-27519 HYPH denotes -
T6946 27529-27531 IN denotes in
T6947 27532-27536 NN denotes Wnt4
T6948 27544-27550 NNS denotes gonads
T6949 27537-27538 SYM denotes −
T6950 27538-27539 HYPH denotes /
T6951 27539-27540 SYM denotes −
T6952 27541-27543 NN denotes XX
T6953 27551-27553 IN denotes at
T6954 27554-27558 CD denotes 11.5
T6955 27559-27562 NNS denotes dpc
T6956 27563-27564 -LRB- denotes (
T6957 27572-27574 NN denotes 6F
T6958 27565-27571 NN denotes Figure
T6959 27575-27578 CC denotes and
T6960 27579-27581 NN denotes 6I
T6961 27581-27582 -RRB- denotes )
T6962 27582-27584 , denotes ,
T6963 27584-27592 IN denotes although
T6964 27596-27599 VBD denotes was
T6965 27593-27595 PRP denotes it
T6966 27600-27607 RB denotes rapidly
T6967 27608-27612 RB denotes down
T6968 27613-27622 VBN denotes regulated
T6969 27612-27613 HYPH denotes -
T6970 27623-27625 IN denotes by
T6971 27626-27630 CD denotes 12.0
T6972 27631-27634 NNS denotes dpc
T6973 27635-27638 CC denotes and
T6974 27639-27645 JJ denotes absent
T6975 27646-27648 IN denotes at
T6976 27649-27653 CD denotes 12.5
T6977 27654-27657 NNS denotes dpc
T6978 27658-27659 -LRB- denotes (
T6979 27667-27669 NN denotes 6I
T6980 27660-27666 NN denotes Figure
T6981 27670-27673 CC denotes and
T6982 27674-27676 NN denotes 6L
T6983 27676-27677 -RRB- denotes )
T6984 27677-27678 . denotes .
T6985 27678-27818 sentence denotes This finding was confirmed by mRNA in situ hybridization, which also detected Sox9 transcripts in 11.5 dpc Wnt4 −/− XX gonads ( Figure S1).
T6986 27679-27683 DT denotes This
T6987 27684-27691 NN denotes finding
T6988 27696-27705 VBN denotes confirmed
T6989 27692-27695 VBD denotes was
T6990 27706-27708 IN denotes by
T6991 27709-27713 NN denotes mRNA
T6992 27722-27735 NN denotes hybridization
T6993 27714-27716 FW denotes in
T6994 27717-27721 FW denotes situ
T6995 27735-27737 , denotes ,
T6996 27737-27742 WDT denotes which
T6997 27748-27756 VBD denotes detected
T6998 27743-27747 RB denotes also
T6999 27757-27761 NN denotes Sox9
T7000 27762-27773 NNS denotes transcripts
T7001 27774-27776 IN denotes in
T7002 27777-27781 CD denotes 11.5
T7003 27782-27785 NN denotes dpc
T7004 27798-27804 NNS denotes gonads
T7005 27786-27790 NN denotes Wnt4
T7006 27791-27792 SYM denotes −
T7007 27792-27793 HYPH denotes /
T7008 27793-27794 SYM denotes −
T7009 27795-27797 NN denotes XX
T7010 27805-27806 -LRB- denotes (
T7011 27814-27816 NN denotes S1
T7012 27807-27813 NN denotes Figure
T7013 27816-27817 -RRB- denotes )
T7014 27817-27818 . denotes .
T7015 27818-27995 sentence denotes Wnt4 −/− XX gonads do not increase in size comparable to normal XY gonads ( Figure 6C, 6F, 6I, and 6L), and Sertoli cell differentiation and testis cord formation do not occur.
T7016 27819-27823 NN denotes Wnt4
T7017 27831-27837 NNS denotes gonads
T7018 27824-27825 SYM denotes −
T7019 27825-27826 HYPH denotes /
T7020 27826-27827 SYM denotes −
T7021 27828-27830 NN denotes XX
T7022 27845-27853 VB denotes increase
T7023 27838-27840 VBP denotes do
T7024 27841-27844 RB denotes not
T7025 27854-27856 IN denotes in
T7026 27857-27861 NN denotes size
T7027 27862-27872 JJ denotes comparable
T7028 27873-27875 IN denotes to
T7029 27876-27882 JJ denotes normal
T7030 27886-27892 NNS denotes gonads
T7031 27883-27885 NN denotes XY
T7032 27893-27894 -LRB- denotes (
T7033 27902-27904 NN denotes 6C
T7034 27895-27901 NN denotes Figure
T7035 27904-27906 , denotes ,
T7036 27906-27908 NN denotes 6F
T7037 27908-27910 , denotes ,
T7038 27910-27912 NN denotes 6I
T7039 27912-27914 , denotes ,
T7040 27914-27917 CC denotes and
T7041 27918-27920 NN denotes 6L
T7042 27920-27921 -RRB- denotes )
T7043 27921-27923 , denotes ,
T7044 27923-27926 CC denotes and
T7045 27927-27934 NN denotes Sertoli
T7046 27935-27939 NN denotes cell
T7047 27940-27955 NN denotes differentiation
T7048 27989-27994 VB denotes occur
T7049 27956-27959 CC denotes and
T7050 27960-27966 NN denotes testis
T7051 27967-27971 NN denotes cord
T7052 27972-27981 NN denotes formation
T7053 27982-27984 VBP denotes do
T7054 27985-27988 RB denotes not
T7055 27994-27995 . denotes .
T7056 27995-28282 sentence denotes Nevertheless, it is noteworthy that up-regulation of SOX9 occurs in this case in the absence of Sry, by eliminating the antagonistic effect of Wnt4 and up-regulating FGF9, supporting our hypothesis that sex determination occurs by tipping the balance between these two opposing signals.
T7057 27996-28008 RB denotes Nevertheless
T7058 28013-28015 VBZ denotes is
T7059 28008-28010 , denotes ,
T7060 28010-28012 PRP denotes it
T7061 28016-28026 JJ denotes noteworthy
T7062 28027-28031 IN denotes that
T7063 28054-28060 VBZ denotes occurs
T7064 28032-28034 JJ denotes up
T7065 28035-28045 NN denotes regulation
T7066 28034-28035 HYPH denotes -
T7067 28046-28048 IN denotes of
T7068 28049-28053 NN denotes SOX9
T7069 28061-28063 IN denotes in
T7070 28064-28068 DT denotes this
T7071 28069-28073 NN denotes case
T7072 28074-28076 IN denotes in
T7073 28077-28080 DT denotes the
T7074 28081-28088 NN denotes absence
T7075 28089-28091 IN denotes of
T7076 28092-28095 NN denotes Sry
T7077 28095-28097 , denotes ,
T7078 28097-28099 IN denotes by
T7079 28100-28111 VBG denotes eliminating
T7080 28112-28115 DT denotes the
T7081 28129-28135 NN denotes effect
T7082 28116-28128 JJ denotes antagonistic
T7083 28136-28138 IN denotes of
T7084 28139-28143 NN denotes Wnt4
T7085 28144-28147 CC denotes and
T7086 28148-28150 RB denotes up
T7087 28151-28161 VBG denotes regulating
T7088 28150-28151 HYPH denotes -
T7089 28162-28166 NN denotes FGF9
T7090 28166-28168 , denotes ,
T7091 28168-28178 VBG denotes supporting
T7092 28179-28182 PRP$ denotes our
T7093 28183-28193 NN denotes hypothesis
T7094 28194-28198 IN denotes that
T7095 28217-28223 VBZ denotes occurs
T7096 28199-28202 NN denotes sex
T7097 28203-28216 NN denotes determination
T7098 28224-28226 IN denotes by
T7099 28227-28234 VBG denotes tipping
T7100 28235-28238 DT denotes the
T7101 28239-28246 NN denotes balance
T7102 28247-28254 IN denotes between
T7103 28255-28260 DT denotes these
T7104 28274-28281 NNS denotes signals
T7105 28261-28264 CD denotes two
T7106 28265-28273 VBG denotes opposing
T7107 28281-28282 . denotes .
T7954 28295-28299 JJ denotes Many
T7955 28300-28307 NNS denotes studies
T7956 28308-28315 VBP denotes support
T7957 28425-28432 VB denotes develop
T7958 28316-28319 DT denotes the
T7959 28320-28324 NN denotes view
T7960 28325-28329 IN denotes that
T7961 28366-28369 VBP denotes are
T7962 28330-28335 NNS denotes cells
T7963 28336-28338 IN denotes in
T7964 28339-28342 DT denotes the
T7965 28360-28365 NN denotes gonad
T7966 28343-28359 JJ denotes undifferentiated
T7967 28370-28381 JJ denotes bipotential
T7968 28381-28382 : denotes ;
T7969 28383-28386 DT denotes the
T7970 28413-28420 NN denotes lineage
T7971 28387-28397 VBG denotes supporting
T7972 28398-28402 NN denotes cell
T7973 28403-28412 NN denotes precursor
T7974 28421-28424 MD denotes can
T7975 28433-28437 IN denotes into
T7976 28438-28446 NN denotes follicle
T7977 28447-28452 NNS denotes cells
T7978 28453-28455 CC denotes or
T7979 28456-28463 NN denotes Sertoli
T7980 28464-28469 NNS denotes cells
T7981 28469-28470 . denotes .
T7982 28470-28644 sentence denotes In Fgf9 −/− XY gonads, cells initially embark on the Sertoli pathway, but in the absence of Fgf9 can neither maintain Sox9 expression nor establish downstream male pathways.
T7983 28471-28473 IN denotes In
T7984 28510-28516 VBP denotes embark
T7985 28474-28478 NN denotes Fgf9
T7986 28481-28482 SYM denotes −
T7987 28479-28480 SYM denotes −
T7988 28480-28481 HYPH denotes /
T7989 28486-28492 NNS denotes gonads
T7990 28483-28485 NN denotes XY
T7991 28492-28494 , denotes ,
T7992 28494-28499 NNS denotes cells
T7993 28500-28509 RB denotes initially
T7994 28517-28519 IN denotes on
T7995 28520-28523 DT denotes the
T7996 28532-28539 NN denotes pathway
T7997 28524-28531 NN denotes Sertoli
T7998 28539-28541 , denotes ,
T7999 28541-28544 CC denotes but
T8000 28545-28547 IN denotes in
T8001 28580-28588 VB denotes maintain
T8002 28548-28551 DT denotes the
T8003 28552-28559 NN denotes absence
T8004 28560-28562 IN denotes of
T8005 28563-28567 NN denotes Fgf9
T8006 28568-28571 MD denotes can
T8007 28572-28579 CC denotes neither
T8008 28589-28593 NN denotes Sox9
T8009 28594-28604 NN denotes expression
T8010 28605-28608 CC denotes nor
T8011 28609-28618 VB denotes establish
T8012 28619-28629 JJ denotes downstream
T8013 28635-28643 NNS denotes pathways
T8014 28630-28634 JJ denotes male
T8015 28643-28644 . denotes .
T8016 28644-28798 sentence denotes The loss of Sertoli cells in XY Fgf9 −/− gonads is not due to cell death, but instead to a transition of supporting cell fate as SOX9 expression is lost.
T8017 28645-28648 DT denotes The
T8018 28649-28653 NN denotes loss
T8019 28693-28695 VBZ denotes is
T8020 28654-28656 IN denotes of
T8021 28657-28664 NN denotes Sertoli
T8022 28665-28670 NNS denotes cells
T8023 28671-28673 IN denotes in
T8024 28674-28676 NN denotes XY
T8025 28686-28692 NNS denotes gonads
T8026 28677-28681 NN denotes Fgf9
T8027 28682-28683 SYM denotes −
T8028 28683-28684 HYPH denotes /
T8029 28684-28685 SYM denotes −
T8030 28696-28699 RB denotes not
T8031 28700-28703 IN denotes due
T8032 28704-28706 IN denotes to
T8033 28707-28711 NN denotes cell
T8034 28712-28717 NN denotes death
T8035 28717-28719 , denotes ,
T8036 28719-28722 CC denotes but
T8037 28723-28730 RB denotes instead
T8038 28731-28733 IN denotes to
T8039 28734-28735 DT denotes a
T8040 28736-28746 NN denotes transition
T8041 28747-28749 IN denotes of
T8042 28750-28760 VBG denotes supporting
T8043 28761-28765 NN denotes cell
T8044 28766-28770 NN denotes fate
T8045 28771-28773 IN denotes as
T8046 28793-28797 VBN denotes lost
T8047 28774-28778 NN denotes SOX9
T8048 28779-28789 NN denotes expression
T8049 28790-28792 VBZ denotes is
T8050 28797-28798 . denotes .
T8051 28798-28943 sentence denotes We suggest that in the absence of the antagonizing activity of FGF9, WNT4 signals predominate and govern somatic cell fate in the gonadal field.
T8052 28799-28801 PRP denotes We
T8053 28802-28809 VBP denotes suggest
T8054 28810-28814 IN denotes that
T8055 28881-28892 VBP denotes predominate
T8056 28815-28817 IN denotes in
T8057 28818-28821 DT denotes the
T8058 28822-28829 NN denotes absence
T8059 28830-28832 IN denotes of
T8060 28833-28836 DT denotes the
T8061 28850-28858 NN denotes activity
T8062 28837-28849 VBG denotes antagonizing
T8063 28859-28861 IN denotes of
T8064 28862-28866 NN denotes FGF9
T8065 28866-28868 , denotes ,
T8066 28868-28872 NN denotes WNT4
T8067 28873-28880 NNS denotes signals
T8068 28893-28896 CC denotes and
T8069 28897-28903 VBP denotes govern
T8070 28904-28911 JJ denotes somatic
T8071 28917-28921 NN denotes fate
T8072 28912-28916 NN denotes cell
T8073 28922-28924 IN denotes in
T8074 28925-28928 DT denotes the
T8075 28937-28942 NN denotes field
T8076 28929-28936 JJ denotes gonadal
T8077 28942-28943 . denotes .
T8078 28943-29055 sentence denotes The Drosophila genital disk is also a field of cells that normally follows one of two sexually dimorphic fates.
T8079 28944-28947 DT denotes The
T8080 28967-28971 NN denotes disk
T8081 28948-28958 NNP denotes Drosophila
T8082 28959-28966 JJ denotes genital
T8083 28972-28974 VBZ denotes is
T8084 28975-28979 RB denotes also
T8085 28980-28981 DT denotes a
T8086 28982-28987 NN denotes field
T8087 28988-28990 IN denotes of
T8088 28991-28996 NNS denotes cells
T8089 28997-29001 WDT denotes that
T8090 29011-29018 VBZ denotes follows
T8091 29002-29010 RB denotes normally
T8092 29019-29022 CD denotes one
T8093 29026-29029 CD denotes two
T8094 29023-29025 IN denotes of
T8095 29049-29054 NNS denotes fates
T8096 29030-29038 RB denotes sexually
T8097 29039-29048 JJ denotes dimorphic
T8098 29054-29055 . denotes .
T8099 29055-29244 sentence denotes For many years it was believed that the fate of each cell in the genital disk was under the cell-autonomous control of double sex (dsx), the key regulator of the sex determination pathway.
T8100 29056-29059 IN denotes For
T8101 29078-29086 VBN denotes believed
T8102 29060-29064 JJ denotes many
T8103 29065-29070 NNS denotes years
T8104 29071-29073 PRP denotes it
T8105 29074-29077 VBD denotes was
T8106 29087-29091 IN denotes that
T8107 29134-29137 VBD denotes was
T8108 29092-29095 DT denotes the
T8109 29096-29100 NN denotes fate
T8110 29101-29103 IN denotes of
T8111 29104-29108 DT denotes each
T8112 29109-29113 NN denotes cell
T8113 29114-29116 IN denotes in
T8114 29117-29120 DT denotes the
T8115 29129-29133 NN denotes disk
T8116 29121-29128 JJ denotes genital
T8117 29138-29143 IN denotes under
T8118 29144-29147 DT denotes the
T8119 29164-29171 NN denotes control
T8120 29148-29152 NN denotes cell
T8121 29153-29163 JJ denotes autonomous
T8122 29152-29153 HYPH denotes -
T8123 29172-29174 IN denotes of
T8124 29175-29181 JJ denotes double
T8125 29182-29185 NN denotes sex
T8126 29186-29187 -LRB- denotes (
T8127 29187-29190 NN denotes dsx
T8128 29190-29191 -RRB- denotes )
T8129 29191-29193 , denotes ,
T8130 29193-29196 DT denotes the
T8131 29201-29210 NN denotes regulator
T8132 29197-29200 JJ denotes key
T8133 29211-29213 IN denotes of
T8134 29214-29217 DT denotes the
T8135 29236-29243 NN denotes pathway
T8136 29218-29221 NN denotes sex
T8137 29222-29235 NN denotes determination
T8138 29243-29244 . denotes .
T8139 29244-29463 sentence denotes However, mosaic studies have shown that the genetic sex of the cells in the anterior/posterior organizers of the disk, not the sex of the majority of cells in the disk, regulate the sexually dimorphic fate of the disk.
T8140 29245-29252 RB denotes However
T8141 29274-29279 VBN denotes shown
T8142 29252-29254 , denotes ,
T8143 29254-29260 JJ denotes mosaic
T8144 29261-29268 NNS denotes studies
T8145 29269-29273 VBP denotes have
T8146 29280-29284 IN denotes that
T8147 29414-29422 VBP denotes regulate
T8148 29285-29288 DT denotes the
T8149 29297-29300 NN denotes sex
T8150 29289-29296 JJ denotes genetic
T8151 29301-29303 IN denotes of
T8152 29304-29307 DT denotes the
T8153 29308-29313 NNS denotes cells
T8154 29314-29316 IN denotes in
T8155 29317-29320 DT denotes the
T8156 29340-29350 NNS denotes organizers
T8157 29321-29329 JJ denotes anterior
T8158 29330-29339 JJ denotes posterior
T8159 29329-29330 HYPH denotes /
T8160 29351-29353 IN denotes of
T8161 29354-29357 DT denotes the
T8162 29358-29362 NN denotes disk
T8163 29362-29364 , denotes ,
T8164 29364-29367 CC denotes not
T8165 29368-29371 DT denotes the
T8166 29372-29375 NN denotes sex
T8167 29376-29378 IN denotes of
T8168 29379-29382 DT denotes the
T8169 29383-29391 NN denotes majority
T8170 29392-29394 IN denotes of
T8171 29395-29400 NNS denotes cells
T8172 29401-29403 IN denotes in
T8173 29404-29407 DT denotes the
T8174 29408-29412 NN denotes disk
T8175 29412-29414 , denotes ,
T8176 29423-29426 DT denotes the
T8177 29446-29450 NN denotes fate
T8178 29427-29435 RB denotes sexually
T8179 29436-29445 JJ denotes dimorphic
T8180 29451-29453 IN denotes of
T8181 29454-29457 DT denotes the
T8182 29458-29462 NN denotes disk
T8183 29462-29463 . denotes .
T8184 29463-29669 sentence denotes This occurs through the sex-specific regulation of WNT, FGF, and transforming growth factor beta signaling, which in turn regulate the growth, cell differentiation, and morphogenesis of the disk [ 41, 42].
T8185 29464-29468 DT denotes This
T8186 29469-29475 VBZ denotes occurs
T8187 29476-29483 IN denotes through
T8188 29484-29487 DT denotes the
T8189 29501-29511 NN denotes regulation
T8190 29488-29491 NN denotes sex
T8191 29492-29500 JJ denotes specific
T8192 29491-29492 HYPH denotes -
T8193 29512-29514 IN denotes of
T8194 29515-29518 NN denotes WNT
T8195 29518-29520 , denotes ,
T8196 29520-29523 NN denotes FGF
T8197 29523-29525 , denotes ,
T8198 29525-29528 CC denotes and
T8199 29529-29541 VBG denotes transforming
T8200 29549-29555 NN denotes factor
T8201 29542-29548 NN denotes growth
T8202 29561-29570 NN denotes signaling
T8203 29556-29560 NN denotes beta
T8204 29570-29572 , denotes ,
T8205 29572-29577 WDT denotes which
T8206 29586-29594 VBP denotes regulate
T8207 29578-29580 IN denotes in
T8208 29581-29585 NN denotes turn
T8209 29595-29598 DT denotes the
T8210 29599-29605 NN denotes growth
T8211 29605-29607 , denotes ,
T8212 29607-29611 NN denotes cell
T8213 29612-29627 NN denotes differentiation
T8214 29627-29629 , denotes ,
T8215 29629-29632 CC denotes and
T8216 29633-29646 NN denotes morphogenesis
T8217 29647-29649 IN denotes of
T8218 29650-29653 DT denotes the
T8219 29654-29658 NN denotes disk
T8220 29659-29660 -LRB- denotes [
T8221 29665-29667 CD denotes 42
T8222 29661-29663 CD denotes 41
T8223 29663-29664 , denotes ,
T8224 29667-29668 -RRB- denotes ]
T8225 29668-29669 . denotes .
T8226 29669-30089 sentence denotes Sex-specific regulation of gonad organogenesis in vertebrates may occur in a similar manner, where some cells are cell-autonomously responsive to the sex-determining switch; however, the establishment of the male or female program occurs through the non-cell-autonomous activity of classic signaling pathways that act in an antagonistic manner and coordinate growth, cell differentiation and morphogenesis in the gonad.
T8227 29670-29673 NN denotes Sex
T8228 29674-29682 JJ denotes specific
T8229 29673-29674 HYPH denotes -
T8230 29683-29693 NN denotes regulation
T8231 29736-29741 VB denotes occur
T8232 29694-29696 IN denotes of
T8233 29697-29702 NN denotes gonad
T8234 29703-29716 NN denotes organogenesis
T8235 29717-29719 IN denotes in
T8236 29720-29731 NNS denotes vertebrates
T8237 29732-29735 MD denotes may
T8238 29901-29907 VBZ denotes occurs
T8239 29742-29744 IN denotes in
T8240 29745-29746 DT denotes a
T8241 29755-29761 NN denotes manner
T8242 29747-29754 JJ denotes similar
T8243 29761-29763 , denotes ,
T8244 29763-29768 WRB denotes where
T8245 29780-29783 VBP denotes are
T8246 29769-29773 DT denotes some
T8247 29774-29779 NNS denotes cells
T8248 29784-29788 NN denotes cell
T8249 29789-29801 RB denotes autonomously
T8250 29788-29789 HYPH denotes -
T8251 29802-29812 JJ denotes responsive
T8252 29813-29815 IN denotes to
T8253 29816-29819 DT denotes the
T8254 29836-29842 NN denotes switch
T8255 29820-29823 NN denotes sex
T8256 29824-29835 VBG denotes determining
T8257 29823-29824 HYPH denotes -
T8258 29842-29843 : denotes ;
T8259 29844-29851 RB denotes however
T8260 29851-29853 , denotes ,
T8261 29853-29856 DT denotes the
T8262 29857-29870 NN denotes establishment
T8263 29871-29873 IN denotes of
T8264 29874-29877 DT denotes the
T8265 29893-29900 NN denotes program
T8266 29878-29882 JJ denotes male
T8267 29883-29885 CC denotes or
T8268 29886-29892 JJ denotes female
T8269 29908-29915 IN denotes through
T8270 29916-29919 DT denotes the
T8271 29940-29948 NN denotes activity
T8272 29920-29928 JJ denotes non-cell
T8273 29929-29939 JJ denotes autonomous
T8274 29928-29929 HYPH denotes -
T8275 29949-29951 IN denotes of
T8276 29952-29959 JJ denotes classic
T8277 29970-29978 NNS denotes pathways
T8278 29960-29969 NN denotes signaling
T8279 29979-29983 WDT denotes that
T8280 29984-29987 VBP denotes act
T8281 29988-29990 IN denotes in
T8282 29991-29993 DT denotes an
T8283 30007-30013 NN denotes manner
T8284 29994-30006 JJ denotes antagonistic
T8285 30014-30017 CC denotes and
T8286 30018-30028 VBP denotes coordinate
T8287 30029-30035 NN denotes growth
T8288 30035-30037 , denotes ,
T8289 30037-30041 NN denotes cell
T8290 30042-30057 NN denotes differentiation
T8291 30058-30061 CC denotes and
T8292 30062-30075 NN denotes morphogenesis
T8293 30076-30078 IN denotes in
T8294 30079-30082 DT denotes the
T8295 30083-30088 NN denotes gonad
T8296 30088-30089 . denotes .
T8297 30089-30207 sentence denotes The interplay between cell-autonomous and non-cell-autonomous pathways in the mammalian gonad is not well understood.
T8298 30090-30093 DT denotes The
T8299 30094-30103 NN denotes interplay
T8300 30196-30206 VBN denotes understood
T8301 30104-30111 IN denotes between
T8302 30112-30116 NN denotes cell
T8303 30117-30127 JJ denotes autonomous
T8304 30116-30117 HYPH denotes -
T8305 30152-30160 NNS denotes pathways
T8306 30128-30131 CC denotes and
T8307 30132-30140 JJ denotes non-cell
T8308 30141-30151 JJ denotes autonomous
T8309 30140-30141 HYPH denotes -
T8310 30161-30163 IN denotes in
T8311 30164-30167 DT denotes the
T8312 30178-30183 NN denotes gonad
T8313 30168-30177 JJ denotes mammalian
T8314 30184-30186 VBZ denotes is
T8315 30187-30190 RB denotes not
T8316 30191-30195 RB denotes well
T8317 30206-30207 . denotes .
T8318 30207-30382 sentence denotes In XX↔XY chimera experiments, XX cells can be recruited to the Sertoli lineage, indicating that non-cell-autonomous signaling mechanisms operate under these conditions [ 15].
T8319 30208-30210 IN denotes In
T8320 30254-30263 VBN denotes recruited
T8321 30211-30213 NN denotes XX
T8322 30225-30236 NNS denotes experiments
T8323 30213-30214 SYM denotes ↔
T8324 30214-30216 NN denotes XY
T8325 30217-30224 NN denotes chimera
T8326 30236-30238 , denotes ,
T8327 30238-30240 NN denotes XX
T8328 30241-30246 NNS denotes cells
T8329 30247-30250 MD denotes can
T8330 30251-30253 VB denotes be
T8331 30264-30266 IN denotes to
T8332 30267-30270 DT denotes the
T8333 30279-30286 NN denotes lineage
T8334 30271-30278 NN denotes Sertoli
T8335 30286-30288 , denotes ,
T8336 30288-30298 VBG denotes indicating
T8337 30299-30303 IN denotes that
T8338 30345-30352 VBP denotes operate
T8339 30304-30312 JJ denotes non-cell
T8340 30313-30323 JJ denotes autonomous
T8341 30312-30313 HYPH denotes -
T8342 30334-30344 NNS denotes mechanisms
T8343 30324-30333 NN denotes signaling
T8344 30353-30358 IN denotes under
T8345 30359-30364 DT denotes these
T8346 30365-30375 NNS denotes conditions
T8347 30376-30377 -LRB- denotes [
T8348 30378-30380 CD denotes 15
T8349 30380-30381 -RRB- denotes ]
T8350 30381-30382 . denotes .
T8351 30382-30513 sentence denotes Other more recent studies have suggested that paracrine signals could be involved in the establishment of Sertoli cells [ 43– 46].
T8352 30383-30388 JJ denotes Other
T8353 30401-30408 NNS denotes studies
T8354 30389-30393 RBR denotes more
T8355 30394-30400 JJ denotes recent
T8356 30414-30423 VBN denotes suggested
T8357 30409-30413 VBP denotes have
T8358 30424-30428 IN denotes that
T8359 30456-30464 VBN denotes involved
T8360 30429-30438 JJ denotes paracrine
T8361 30439-30446 NNS denotes signals
T8362 30447-30452 MD denotes could
T8363 30453-30455 VB denotes be
T8364 30465-30467 IN denotes in
T8365 30468-30471 DT denotes the
T8366 30472-30485 NN denotes establishment
T8367 30486-30488 IN denotes of
T8368 30489-30496 NN denotes Sertoli
T8369 30497-30502 NNS denotes cells
T8370 30503-30504 -LRB- denotes [
T8371 30505-30507 CD denotes 43
T8372 30507-30508 SYM denotes –
T8373 30509-30511 CD denotes 46
T8374 30511-30512 -RRB- denotes ]
T8375 30512-30513 . denotes .
T8376 30513-30763 sentence denotes The current study reveals that ectopic FGF9 can induce SOX9 under conditions in which XX cells are dissociated ( Figure 2F), when an FGF9-coated bead is directly applied to the XX gonad ( Figure 2K), or when the dose of Wnt4 is reduced ( Figure 5G).
T8377 30514-30517 DT denotes The
T8378 30526-30531 NN denotes study
T8379 30518-30525 JJ denotes current
T8380 30532-30539 VBZ denotes reveals
T8381 30540-30544 IN denotes that
T8382 30562-30568 VB denotes induce
T8383 30545-30552 JJ denotes ectopic
T8384 30553-30557 NN denotes FGF9
T8385 30558-30561 MD denotes can
T8386 30569-30573 NN denotes SOX9
T8387 30574-30579 IN denotes under
T8388 30580-30590 NNS denotes conditions
T8389 30591-30593 IN denotes in
T8390 30613-30624 VBN denotes dissociated
T8391 30594-30599 WDT denotes which
T8392 30600-30602 NN denotes XX
T8393 30603-30608 NNS denotes cells
T8394 30609-30612 VBP denotes are
T8395 30625-30626 -LRB- denotes (
T8396 30634-30636 NN denotes 2F
T8397 30627-30633 NN denotes Figure
T8398 30636-30637 -RRB- denotes )
T8399 30637-30639 , denotes ,
T8400 30639-30643 WRB denotes when
T8401 30676-30683 VBN denotes applied
T8402 30644-30646 DT denotes an
T8403 30659-30663 NN denotes bead
T8404 30647-30651 NN denotes FGF9
T8405 30652-30658 VBN denotes coated
T8406 30651-30652 HYPH denotes -
T8407 30664-30666 VBZ denotes is
T8408 30667-30675 RB denotes directly
T8409 30684-30686 IN denotes to
T8410 30687-30690 DT denotes the
T8411 30694-30699 NN denotes gonad
T8412 30691-30693 NN denotes XX
T8413 30700-30701 -LRB- denotes (
T8414 30709-30711 NN denotes 2K
T8415 30702-30708 NN denotes Figure
T8416 30711-30712 -RRB- denotes )
T8417 30712-30714 , denotes ,
T8418 30714-30716 CC denotes or
T8419 30717-30721 WRB denotes when
T8420 30742-30749 VBN denotes reduced
T8421 30722-30725 DT denotes the
T8422 30726-30730 NN denotes dose
T8423 30731-30733 IN denotes of
T8424 30734-30738 NN denotes Wnt4
T8425 30739-30741 VBZ denotes is
T8426 30750-30751 -LRB- denotes (
T8427 30759-30761 NN denotes 5G
T8428 30752-30758 NN denotes Figure
T8429 30761-30762 -RRB- denotes )
T8430 30762-30763 . denotes .
T8431 30763-30899 sentence denotes Whether FGF9 normally acts non-cell-autonomously in vivo to recruit XY cells to the Sertoli lineage by up-regulating SOX9 is not clear.
T8432 30764-30771 IN denotes Whether
T8433 30786-30790 VBZ denotes acts
T8434 30772-30776 NN denotes FGF9
T8435 30777-30785 RB denotes normally
T8436 30886-30888 VBZ denotes is
T8437 30791-30799 JJ denotes non-cell
T8438 30800-30812 RB denotes autonomously
T8439 30799-30800 HYPH denotes -
T8440 30813-30815 FW denotes in
T8441 30816-30820 FW denotes vivo
T8442 30821-30823 TO denotes to
T8443 30824-30831 VB denotes recruit
T8444 30832-30834 NN denotes XY
T8445 30835-30840 NNS denotes cells
T8446 30841-30843 IN denotes to
T8447 30844-30847 DT denotes the
T8448 30856-30863 NN denotes lineage
T8449 30848-30855 NN denotes Sertoli
T8450 30864-30866 IN denotes by
T8451 30867-30869 RB denotes up
T8452 30870-30880 VBG denotes regulating
T8453 30869-30870 HYPH denotes -
T8454 30881-30885 NN denotes SOX9
T8455 30889-30892 RB denotes not
T8456 30893-30898 JJ denotes clear
T8457 30898-30899 . denotes .
T8458 30899-31024 sentence denotes We show that Sry can initially up-regulate SOX9 in the absence of Fgf9, suggesting that FGF9 is not necessary for this step.
T8459 30900-30902 PRP denotes We
T8460 30903-30907 VBP denotes show
T8461 30908-30912 IN denotes that
T8462 30934-30942 VB denotes regulate
T8463 30913-30916 NN denotes Sry
T8464 30917-30920 MD denotes can
T8465 30921-30930 RB denotes initially
T8466 30931-30933 RB denotes up
T8467 30933-30934 HYPH denotes -
T8468 30943-30947 NN denotes SOX9
T8469 30948-30950 IN denotes in
T8470 30951-30954 DT denotes the
T8471 30955-30962 NN denotes absence
T8472 30963-30965 IN denotes of
T8473 30966-30970 NN denotes Fgf9
T8474 30970-30972 , denotes ,
T8475 30972-30982 VBG denotes suggesting
T8476 30983-30987 IN denotes that
T8477 30993-30995 VBZ denotes is
T8478 30988-30992 NN denotes FGF9
T8479 30996-30999 RB denotes not
T8480 31000-31009 JJ denotes necessary
T8481 31010-31013 IN denotes for
T8482 31014-31018 DT denotes this
T8483 31019-31023 NN denotes step
T8484 31023-31024 . denotes .
T8485 31024-31280 sentence denotes However, FGF9 may act to trigger cell proliferation, increasing the number of Sertoli precursors above a threshold needed to stabilize the male pathway, consistent with threshold requirements deduced from earlier studies using XX↔XY chimeric gonads [ 15].
T8486 31025-31032 RB denotes However
T8487 31043-31046 VB denotes act
T8488 31032-31034 , denotes ,
T8489 31034-31038 NN denotes FGF9
T8490 31039-31042 MD denotes may
T8491 31047-31049 TO denotes to
T8492 31050-31057 VB denotes trigger
T8493 31058-31062 NN denotes cell
T8494 31063-31076 NN denotes proliferation
T8495 31076-31078 , denotes ,
T8496 31078-31088 VBG denotes increasing
T8497 31089-31092 DT denotes the
T8498 31093-31099 NN denotes number
T8499 31100-31102 IN denotes of
T8500 31103-31110 NN denotes Sertoli
T8501 31111-31121 NNS denotes precursors
T8502 31122-31127 IN denotes above
T8503 31128-31129 DT denotes a
T8504 31130-31139 NN denotes threshold
T8505 31140-31146 VBN denotes needed
T8506 31147-31149 TO denotes to
T8507 31150-31159 VB denotes stabilize
T8508 31160-31163 DT denotes the
T8509 31169-31176 NN denotes pathway
T8510 31164-31168 JJ denotes male
T8511 31176-31178 , denotes ,
T8512 31178-31188 JJ denotes consistent
T8513 31189-31193 IN denotes with
T8514 31194-31203 NN denotes threshold
T8515 31204-31216 NNS denotes requirements
T8516 31217-31224 VBN denotes deduced
T8517 31225-31229 IN denotes from
T8518 31230-31237 JJR denotes earlier
T8519 31238-31245 NNS denotes studies
T8520 31246-31251 VBG denotes using
T8521 31252-31254 NN denotes XX
T8522 31255-31257 NN denotes XY
T8523 31254-31255 SYM denotes ↔
T8524 31267-31273 NNS denotes gonads
T8525 31258-31266 JJ denotes chimeric
T8526 31274-31275 -LRB- denotes [
T8527 31276-31278 CD denotes 15
T8528 31278-31279 -RRB- denotes ]
T8529 31279-31280 . denotes .
T8530 31280-31530 sentence denotes Since Sertoli cells produce FGF9, loss of proliferation of Sertoli precursors may result in a reduction of the overall level of FGF9, and/or other male paracrine signals, below a critical threshold level required to antagonize the influence of WNT4.
T8531 31281-31286 IN denotes Since
T8532 31301-31308 VBP denotes produce
T8533 31287-31294 NN denotes Sertoli
T8534 31295-31300 NNS denotes cells
T8535 31363-31369 VB denotes result
T8536 31309-31313 NN denotes FGF9
T8537 31313-31315 , denotes ,
T8538 31315-31319 NN denotes loss
T8539 31320-31322 IN denotes of
T8540 31323-31336 NN denotes proliferation
T8541 31337-31339 IN denotes of
T8542 31340-31347 NN denotes Sertoli
T8543 31348-31358 NNS denotes precursors
T8544 31359-31362 MD denotes may
T8545 31370-31372 IN denotes in
T8546 31373-31374 DT denotes a
T8547 31375-31384 NN denotes reduction
T8548 31385-31387 IN denotes of
T8549 31388-31391 DT denotes the
T8550 31400-31405 NN denotes level
T8551 31392-31399 JJ denotes overall
T8552 31406-31408 IN denotes of
T8553 31409-31413 NN denotes FGF9
T8554 31413-31415 , denotes ,
T8555 31415-31418 CC denotes and
T8556 31418-31419 HYPH denotes /
T8557 31419-31421 CC denotes or
T8558 31422-31427 JJ denotes other
T8559 31443-31450 NNS denotes signals
T8560 31428-31432 JJ denotes male
T8561 31433-31442 JJ denotes paracrine
T8562 31450-31452 , denotes ,
T8563 31452-31457 IN denotes below
T8564 31458-31459 DT denotes a
T8565 31479-31484 NN denotes level
T8566 31460-31468 JJ denotes critical
T8567 31469-31478 NN denotes threshold
T8568 31485-31493 VBN denotes required
T8569 31494-31496 TO denotes to
T8570 31497-31507 VB denotes antagonize
T8571 31508-31511 DT denotes the
T8572 31512-31521 NN denotes influence
T8573 31522-31524 IN denotes of
T8574 31525-31529 NN denotes WNT4
T8575 31529-31530 . denotes .
T8576 31530-31693 sentence denotes This model is appealing, because it links cell proliferation, believed to be required for establishment of the male pathway [ 9], with Sertoli fate determination.
T8577 31531-31535 DT denotes This
T8578 31536-31541 NN denotes model
T8579 31545-31554 VBG denotes appealing
T8580 31542-31544 VBZ denotes is
T8581 31554-31556 , denotes ,
T8582 31556-31563 IN denotes because
T8583 31567-31572 VBZ denotes links
T8584 31564-31566 PRP denotes it
T8585 31573-31577 NN denotes cell
T8586 31578-31591 NN denotes proliferation
T8587 31591-31593 , denotes ,
T8588 31593-31601 VBN denotes believed
T8589 31602-31604 TO denotes to
T8590 31608-31616 VBN denotes required
T8591 31605-31607 VB denotes be
T8592 31617-31620 IN denotes for
T8593 31621-31634 NN denotes establishment
T8594 31635-31637 IN denotes of
T8595 31638-31641 DT denotes the
T8596 31647-31654 NN denotes pathway
T8597 31642-31646 JJ denotes male
T8598 31655-31656 -LRB- denotes [
T8599 31657-31658 CD denotes 9
T8600 31658-31659 -RRB- denotes ]
T8601 31659-31661 , denotes ,
T8602 31661-31665 IN denotes with
T8603 31666-31673 NN denotes Sertoli
T8604 31674-31678 NN denotes fate
T8605 31679-31692 NN denotes determination
T8606 31692-31693 . denotes .
T8607 31693-31919 sentence denotes A recent study by Yoshioka et al. [ 47] showed that misexpression of Fgf9 in chick nephrogenous mesenchyme led to the expansion of gonadal marker gene expression, implicating Fgf9 in gonadal cell proliferation across species.
T8608 31694-31695 DT denotes A
T8609 31703-31708 NN denotes study
T8610 31696-31702 JJ denotes recent
T8611 31734-31740 VBD denotes showed
T8612 31709-31711 IN denotes by
T8613 31712-31720 NNP denotes Yoshioka
T8614 31721-31723 FW denotes et
T8615 31724-31727 FW denotes al.
T8616 31728-31729 -LRB- denotes [
T8617 31730-31732 CD denotes 47
T8618 31732-31733 -RRB- denotes ]
T8619 31741-31745 IN denotes that
T8620 31801-31804 VBD denotes led
T8621 31746-31759 NN denotes misexpression
T8622 31760-31762 IN denotes of
T8623 31763-31767 NN denotes Fgf9
T8624 31768-31770 IN denotes in
T8625 31771-31776 NN denotes chick
T8626 31790-31800 NN denotes mesenchyme
T8627 31777-31789 JJ denotes nephrogenous
T8628 31805-31807 IN denotes to
T8629 31808-31811 DT denotes the
T8630 31812-31821 NN denotes expansion
T8631 31822-31824 IN denotes of
T8632 31825-31832 JJ denotes gonadal
T8633 31833-31839 NN denotes marker
T8634 31845-31855 NN denotes expression
T8635 31840-31844 NN denotes gene
T8636 31855-31857 , denotes ,
T8637 31857-31868 VBG denotes implicating
T8638 31869-31873 NN denotes Fgf9
T8639 31874-31876 IN denotes in
T8640 31877-31884 JJ denotes gonadal
T8641 31885-31889 NN denotes cell
T8642 31890-31903 NN denotes proliferation
T8643 31904-31910 IN denotes across
T8644 31911-31918 NNS denotes species
T8645 31918-31919 . denotes .
T8646 31919-32004 sentence denotes It has been suggested that SOX9 represses WNT4 based on misexpression studies [ 48].
T8647 31920-31922 PRP denotes It
T8648 31932-31941 VBN denotes suggested
T8649 31923-31926 VBZ denotes has
T8650 31927-31931 VBN denotes been
T8651 31942-31946 IN denotes that
T8652 31952-31961 VBZ denotes represses
T8653 31947-31951 NN denotes SOX9
T8654 31962-31966 NN denotes WNT4
T8655 31967-31972 VBN denotes based
T8656 31973-31975 IN denotes on
T8657 31976-31989 NN denotes misexpression
T8658 31990-31997 NNS denotes studies
T8659 31998-31999 -LRB- denotes [
T8660 32000-32002 CD denotes 48
T8661 32002-32003 -RRB- denotes ]
T8662 32003-32004 . denotes .
T8663 32004-32114 sentence denotes Here we show that the addition of FGF9 protein to XX gonad explant cultures repressed the expression of Wnt4.
T8664 32005-32009 RB denotes Here
T8665 32013-32017 VBP denotes show
T8666 32010-32012 PRP denotes we
T8667 32018-32022 IN denotes that
T8668 32081-32090 VBD denotes repressed
T8669 32023-32026 DT denotes the
T8670 32027-32035 NN denotes addition
T8671 32036-32038 IN denotes of
T8672 32039-32043 NN denotes FGF9
T8673 32044-32051 NN denotes protein
T8674 32052-32054 IN denotes to
T8675 32055-32057 NN denotes XX
T8676 32072-32080 NNS denotes cultures
T8677 32058-32063 NN denotes gonad
T8678 32064-32071 NN denotes explant
T8679 32091-32094 DT denotes the
T8680 32095-32105 NN denotes expression
T8681 32106-32108 IN denotes of
T8682 32109-32113 NN denotes Wnt4
T8683 32113-32114 . denotes .
T8684 32114-32225 sentence denotes Down-regulation of Wnt4 is unlikely to occur through SOX9, as SOX9 is not up-regulated in this situation [ 7].
T8685 32115-32119 JJ denotes Down
T8686 32120-32130 NN denotes regulation
T8687 32119-32120 HYPH denotes -
T8688 32139-32141 VBZ denotes is
T8689 32131-32133 IN denotes of
T8690 32134-32138 NN denotes Wnt4
T8691 32142-32150 JJ denotes unlikely
T8692 32151-32153 TO denotes to
T8693 32154-32159 VB denotes occur
T8694 32160-32167 IN denotes through
T8695 32168-32172 NN denotes SOX9
T8696 32172-32174 , denotes ,
T8697 32174-32176 IN denotes as
T8698 32192-32201 VBN denotes regulated
T8699 32177-32181 NN denotes SOX9
T8700 32182-32184 VBZ denotes is
T8701 32185-32188 RB denotes not
T8702 32189-32191 RB denotes up
T8703 32191-32192 HYPH denotes -
T8704 32202-32204 IN denotes in
T8705 32205-32209 DT denotes this
T8706 32210-32219 NN denotes situation
T8707 32220-32221 -LRB- denotes [
T8708 32222-32223 CD denotes 7
T8709 32223-32224 -RRB- denotes ]
T8710 32224-32225 . denotes .
T8711 32225-32376 sentence denotes Furthermore, although both SRY and SOX9 are initially expressed in Fgf9 −/− XY gonads, Wnt4 is not down-regulated in the absence of Fgf9 ( Figure 4K).
T8712 32226-32237 RB denotes Furthermore
T8713 32330-32339 VBN denotes regulated
T8714 32237-32239 , denotes ,
T8715 32239-32247 IN denotes although
T8716 32280-32289 VBN denotes expressed
T8717 32248-32252 CC denotes both
T8718 32253-32256 NN denotes SRY
T8719 32257-32260 CC denotes and
T8720 32261-32265 NN denotes SOX9
T8721 32266-32269 VBP denotes are
T8722 32270-32279 RB denotes initially
T8723 32290-32292 IN denotes in
T8724 32293-32297 NN denotes Fgf9
T8725 32300-32301 SYM denotes −
T8726 32298-32299 SYM denotes −
T8727 32299-32300 HYPH denotes /
T8728 32305-32311 NNS denotes gonads
T8729 32302-32304 NN denotes XY
T8730 32311-32313 , denotes ,
T8731 32313-32317 NN denotes Wnt4
T8732 32318-32320 VBZ denotes is
T8733 32321-32324 RB denotes not
T8734 32325-32329 RB denotes down
T8735 32329-32330 HYPH denotes -
T8736 32340-32342 IN denotes in
T8737 32343-32346 DT denotes the
T8738 32347-32354 NN denotes absence
T8739 32355-32357 IN denotes of
T8740 32358-32362 NN denotes Fgf9
T8741 32363-32364 -LRB- denotes (
T8742 32372-32374 NN denotes 4K
T8743 32365-32371 NN denotes Figure
T8744 32374-32375 -RRB- denotes )
T8745 32375-32376 . denotes .
T8746 32376-32450 sentence denotes These findings support the idea that FGF9 acts as the antagonist of Wnt4.
T8747 32377-32382 DT denotes These
T8748 32383-32391 NNS denotes findings
T8749 32392-32399 VBP denotes support
T8750 32400-32403 DT denotes the
T8751 32404-32408 NN denotes idea
T8752 32409-32413 IN denotes that
T8753 32419-32423 VBZ denotes acts
T8754 32414-32418 NN denotes FGF9
T8755 32424-32426 IN denotes as
T8756 32427-32430 DT denotes the
T8757 32431-32441 NN denotes antagonist
T8758 32442-32444 IN denotes of
T8759 32445-32449 NN denotes Wnt4
T8760 32449-32450 . denotes .
T8761 32450-32832 sentence denotes Antagonism of WNT signals may be a multistep process involving both the transcriptional down-regulation of Wnt4 observed in this study and the destabilization of downstream Wnt intracellular pathways that antagonize SOX9 expression, as shown in chondrocyte differentiation [ 49], or that compete for intracellular signal transducers as has been reported in other systems [ 50, 51].
T8762 32451-32461 NN denotes Antagonism
T8763 32481-32483 VB denotes be
T8764 32462-32464 IN denotes of
T8765 32465-32468 NN denotes WNT
T8766 32469-32476 NNS denotes signals
T8767 32477-32480 MD denotes may
T8768 32484-32485 DT denotes a
T8769 32496-32503 NN denotes process
T8770 32486-32495 JJ denotes multistep
T8771 32504-32513 VBG denotes involving
T8772 32514-32518 CC denotes both
T8773 32544-32554 NN denotes regulation
T8774 32519-32522 DT denotes the
T8775 32523-32538 JJ denotes transcriptional
T8776 32539-32543 JJ denotes down
T8777 32543-32544 HYPH denotes -
T8778 32555-32557 IN denotes of
T8779 32558-32562 NN denotes Wnt4
T8780 32563-32571 VBN denotes observed
T8781 32572-32574 IN denotes in
T8782 32575-32579 DT denotes this
T8783 32580-32585 NN denotes study
T8784 32586-32589 CC denotes and
T8785 32590-32593 DT denotes the
T8786 32594-32609 NN denotes destabilization
T8787 32610-32612 IN denotes of
T8788 32613-32623 JJ denotes downstream
T8789 32642-32650 NNS denotes pathways
T8790 32624-32627 NN denotes Wnt
T8791 32628-32641 JJ denotes intracellular
T8792 32651-32655 WDT denotes that
T8793 32656-32666 VBP denotes antagonize
T8794 32667-32671 NN denotes SOX9
T8795 32672-32682 NN denotes expression
T8796 32682-32684 , denotes ,
T8797 32684-32686 IN denotes as
T8798 32687-32692 VBN denotes shown
T8799 32693-32695 IN denotes in
T8800 32696-32707 NN denotes chondrocyte
T8801 32708-32723 NN denotes differentiation
T8802 32724-32725 -LRB- denotes [
T8803 32726-32728 CD denotes 49
T8804 32728-32729 -RRB- denotes ]
T8805 32729-32731 , denotes ,
T8806 32731-32733 CC denotes or
T8807 32734-32738 WDT denotes that
T8808 32739-32746 VBP denotes compete
T8809 32747-32750 IN denotes for
T8810 32751-32764 JJ denotes intracellular
T8811 32772-32783 NNS denotes transducers
T8812 32765-32771 NN denotes signal
T8813 32784-32786 IN denotes as
T8814 32796-32804 VBN denotes reported
T8815 32787-32790 VBZ denotes has
T8816 32791-32795 VBN denotes been
T8817 32805-32807 IN denotes in
T8818 32808-32813 JJ denotes other
T8819 32814-32821 NNS denotes systems
T8820 32822-32823 -LRB- denotes [
T8821 32828-32830 CD denotes 51
T8822 32824-32826 CD denotes 50
T8823 32826-32827 , denotes ,
T8824 32830-32831 -RRB- denotes ]
T8825 32831-32832 . denotes .
T8826 32832-32878 sentence denotes Future work will address these possibilities.
T8827 32833-32839 JJ denotes Future
T8828 32840-32844 NN denotes work
T8829 32850-32857 VB denotes address
T8830 32845-32849 MD denotes will
T8831 32858-32863 DT denotes these
T8832 32864-32877 NNS denotes possibilities
T8833 32877-32878 . denotes .
T8834 32878-33053 sentence denotes In support of the idea that Wnt4 antagonizes the male pathway, we found that the loss of Wnt4 caused the up-regulation of both SOX9 and FGF9 in XX gonads where Sry is absent.
T8835 32879-32881 IN denotes In
T8836 32945-32950 VBD denotes found
T8837 32882-32889 NN denotes support
T8838 32890-32892 IN denotes of
T8839 32893-32896 DT denotes the
T8840 32897-32901 NN denotes idea
T8841 32902-32906 IN denotes that
T8842 32912-32923 VBZ denotes antagonizes
T8843 32907-32911 NN denotes Wnt4
T8844 32924-32927 DT denotes the
T8845 32933-32940 NN denotes pathway
T8846 32928-32932 JJ denotes male
T8847 32940-32942 , denotes ,
T8848 32942-32944 PRP denotes we
T8849 32951-32955 IN denotes that
T8850 32973-32979 VBD denotes caused
T8851 32956-32959 DT denotes the
T8852 32960-32964 NN denotes loss
T8853 32965-32967 IN denotes of
T8854 32968-32972 NN denotes Wnt4
T8855 32980-32983 DT denotes the
T8856 32987-32997 NN denotes regulation
T8857 32984-32986 JJ denotes up
T8858 32986-32987 HYPH denotes -
T8859 32998-33000 IN denotes of
T8860 33001-33005 CC denotes both
T8861 33006-33010 NN denotes SOX9
T8862 33011-33014 CC denotes and
T8863 33015-33019 NN denotes FGF9
T8864 33020-33022 IN denotes in
T8865 33023-33025 NN denotes XX
T8866 33026-33032 NNS denotes gonads
T8867 33033-33038 WRB denotes where
T8868 33043-33045 VBZ denotes is
T8869 33039-33042 NN denotes Sry
T8870 33046-33052 JJ denotes absent
T8871 33052-33053 . denotes .
T8872 33053-33286 sentence denotes It appears that the male pathway can be initiated by disrupting the balance between Wnt4 and Fgf9, a finding that has strong implications for other vertebrate sex-determination systems in which Sry is not the sex determining factor.
T8873 33054-33056 PRP denotes It
T8874 33057-33064 VBZ denotes appears
T8875 33065-33069 IN denotes that
T8876 33094-33103 VBN denotes initiated
T8877 33070-33073 DT denotes the
T8878 33079-33086 NN denotes pathway
T8879 33074-33078 JJ denotes male
T8880 33087-33090 MD denotes can
T8881 33091-33093 VB denotes be
T8882 33104-33106 IN denotes by
T8883 33107-33117 VBG denotes disrupting
T8884 33118-33121 DT denotes the
T8885 33122-33129 NN denotes balance
T8886 33130-33137 IN denotes between
T8887 33138-33142 NN denotes Wnt4
T8888 33143-33146 CC denotes and
T8889 33147-33151 NN denotes Fgf9
T8890 33151-33153 , denotes ,
T8891 33153-33154 DT denotes a
T8892 33155-33162 NN denotes finding
T8893 33163-33167 WDT denotes that
T8894 33168-33171 VBZ denotes has
T8895 33172-33178 JJ denotes strong
T8896 33179-33191 NNS denotes implications
T8897 33192-33195 IN denotes for
T8898 33196-33201 JJ denotes other
T8899 33231-33238 NNS denotes systems
T8900 33202-33212 NN denotes vertebrate
T8901 33213-33216 NN denotes sex
T8902 33217-33230 NN denotes determination
T8903 33216-33217 HYPH denotes -
T8904 33239-33241 IN denotes in
T8905 33252-33254 VBZ denotes is
T8906 33242-33247 WDT denotes which
T8907 33248-33251 NNP denotes Sry
T8908 33255-33258 RB denotes not
T8909 33259-33262 DT denotes the
T8910 33279-33285 NN denotes factor
T8911 33263-33266 NN denotes sex
T8912 33267-33278 VBG denotes determining
T8913 33285-33286 . denotes .
T8914 33286-33491 sentence denotes However, up-regulation of Sox9 is not sufficient to establish testis development in this mutant, as occurs in Odsex and other gain-of-function mutants where Sox9 is misexpressed in the XX gonad [ 24, 25].
T8915 33287-33294 RB denotes However
T8916 33318-33320 VBZ denotes is
T8917 33294-33296 , denotes ,
T8918 33296-33298 JJ denotes up
T8919 33299-33309 NN denotes regulation
T8920 33298-33299 HYPH denotes -
T8921 33310-33312 IN denotes of
T8922 33313-33317 NN denotes Sox9
T8923 33321-33324 RB denotes not
T8924 33325-33335 JJ denotes sufficient
T8925 33336-33338 TO denotes to
T8926 33339-33348 VB denotes establish
T8927 33349-33355 NN denotes testis
T8928 33356-33367 NN denotes development
T8929 33368-33370 IN denotes in
T8930 33371-33375 DT denotes this
T8931 33376-33382 NN denotes mutant
T8932 33382-33384 , denotes ,
T8933 33384-33386 IN denotes as
T8934 33387-33393 VBZ denotes occurs
T8935 33394-33396 IN denotes in
T8936 33397-33402 NN denotes Odsex
T8937 33430-33437 NNS denotes mutants
T8938 33403-33406 CC denotes and
T8939 33407-33412 JJ denotes other
T8940 33413-33417 NN denotes gain
T8941 33417-33418 HYPH denotes -
T8942 33418-33420 IN denotes of
T8943 33420-33421 HYPH denotes -
T8944 33421-33429 NN denotes function
T8945 33438-33443 WRB denotes where
T8946 33452-33464 VBN denotes misexpressed
T8947 33444-33448 NN denotes Sox9
T8948 33449-33451 VBZ denotes is
T8949 33465-33467 IN denotes in
T8950 33468-33471 DT denotes the
T8951 33475-33480 NN denotes gonad
T8952 33472-33474 NN denotes XX
T8953 33481-33482 -LRB- denotes [
T8954 33487-33489 CD denotes 25
T8955 33483-33485 CD denotes 24
T8956 33485-33486 , denotes ,
T8957 33489-33490 -RRB- denotes ]
T8958 33490-33491 . denotes .
T8959 33491-33675 sentence denotes In those two misexpression cases, Sox9 expression may have been artificially sustained by exogenous regulatory sequences that bypass the fine dosage balance in this signaling network.
T8960 33492-33494 IN denotes In
T8961 33569-33578 VBN denotes sustained
T8962 33495-33500 DT denotes those
T8963 33519-33524 NNS denotes cases
T8964 33501-33504 CD denotes two
T8965 33505-33518 NN denotes misexpression
T8966 33524-33526 , denotes ,
T8967 33526-33530 NN denotes Sox9
T8968 33531-33541 NN denotes expression
T8969 33542-33545 MD denotes may
T8970 33546-33550 VB denotes have
T8971 33551-33555 VBN denotes been
T8972 33556-33568 RB denotes artificially
T8973 33579-33581 IN denotes by
T8974 33582-33591 JJ denotes exogenous
T8975 33603-33612 NNS denotes sequences
T8976 33592-33602 JJ denotes regulatory
T8977 33613-33617 WDT denotes that
T8978 33618-33624 VBP denotes bypass
T8979 33625-33628 DT denotes the
T8980 33641-33648 NN denotes balance
T8981 33629-33633 JJ denotes fine
T8982 33634-33640 NN denotes dosage
T8983 33649-33651 IN denotes in
T8984 33652-33656 DT denotes this
T8985 33667-33674 NN denotes network
T8986 33657-33666 NN denotes signaling
T8987 33674-33675 . denotes .
T8988 33675-33727 sentence denotes In Wnt4 mutants, SOX9 expression is not maintained.
T8989 33676-33678 IN denotes In
T8990 33716-33726 VBN denotes maintained
T8991 33679-33683 NN denotes Wnt4
T8992 33684-33691 NNS denotes mutants
T8993 33691-33693 , denotes ,
T8994 33693-33697 NN denotes SOX9
T8995 33698-33708 NN denotes expression
T8996 33709-33711 VBZ denotes is
T8997 33712-33715 RB denotes not
T8998 33726-33727 . denotes .
T8999 33727-33927 sentence denotes In light of the observation that the Wnt4 −/− XX gonad does not increase significantly in size ( Figure 6), it is possible that the FGF9/SOX9-expressing population did not reach a critical threshold.
T9000 33728-33730 IN denotes In
T9001 33839-33841 VBZ denotes is
T9002 33731-33736 NN denotes light
T9003 33737-33739 IN denotes of
T9004 33740-33743 DT denotes the
T9005 33744-33755 NN denotes observation
T9006 33756-33760 IN denotes that
T9007 33792-33800 VB denotes increase
T9008 33761-33764 DT denotes the
T9009 33777-33782 NN denotes gonad
T9010 33765-33769 NN denotes Wnt4
T9011 33772-33773 SYM denotes −
T9012 33770-33771 SYM denotes −
T9013 33771-33772 HYPH denotes /
T9014 33774-33776 NN denotes XX
T9015 33783-33787 VBZ denotes does
T9016 33788-33791 RB denotes not
T9017 33801-33814 RB denotes significantly
T9018 33815-33817 IN denotes in
T9019 33818-33822 NN denotes size
T9020 33823-33824 -LRB- denotes (
T9021 33825-33831 NN denotes Figure
T9022 33832-33833 CD denotes 6
T9023 33833-33834 -RRB- denotes )
T9024 33834-33836 , denotes ,
T9025 33836-33838 PRP denotes it
T9026 33842-33850 JJ denotes possible
T9027 33851-33855 IN denotes that
T9028 33900-33905 VB denotes reach
T9029 33856-33859 DT denotes the
T9030 33881-33891 NN denotes population
T9031 33860-33864 NN denotes FGF9
T9032 33865-33869 NN denotes SOX9
T9033 33864-33865 HYPH denotes /
T9034 33870-33880 VBG denotes expressing
T9035 33869-33870 HYPH denotes -
T9036 33892-33895 VBD denotes did
T9037 33896-33899 RB denotes not
T9038 33906-33907 DT denotes a
T9039 33917-33926 NN denotes threshold
T9040 33908-33916 JJ denotes critical
T9041 33926-33927 . denotes .
T9042 33927-34134 sentence denotes Alternatively (or in addition), another male-specific factor normally dependent on Sry may be required to sustain SOX9 expression, possibly FGF-binding proteins in the extracellular matrix or FGF receptors.
T9043 33928-33941 RB denotes Alternatively
T9044 33946-33948 IN denotes in
T9045 33942-33943 -LRB- denotes (
T9046 33943-33945 CC denotes or
T9047 34022-34030 VBN denotes required
T9048 33949-33957 NN denotes addition
T9049 33957-33958 -RRB- denotes )
T9050 33958-33960 , denotes ,
T9051 33960-33967 DT denotes another
T9052 33982-33988 NN denotes factor
T9053 33968-33972 JJ denotes male
T9054 33973-33981 JJ denotes specific
T9055 33972-33973 HYPH denotes -
T9056 33989-33997 RB denotes normally
T9057 33998-34007 JJ denotes dependent
T9058 34008-34010 IN denotes on
T9059 34011-34014 NN denotes Sry
T9060 34015-34018 MD denotes may
T9061 34019-34021 VB denotes be
T9062 34031-34033 TO denotes to
T9063 34034-34041 VB denotes sustain
T9064 34042-34046 NN denotes SOX9
T9065 34047-34057 NN denotes expression
T9066 34057-34059 , denotes ,
T9067 34059-34067 RB denotes possibly
T9068 34080-34088 NN denotes proteins
T9069 34068-34071 NN denotes FGF
T9070 34072-34079 VBG denotes binding
T9071 34071-34072 HYPH denotes -
T9072 34089-34091 IN denotes in
T9073 34092-34095 DT denotes the
T9074 34110-34116 NN denotes matrix
T9075 34096-34109 JJ denotes extracellular
T9076 34117-34119 CC denotes or
T9077 34120-34123 NN denotes FGF
T9078 34124-34133 NNS denotes receptors
T9079 34133-34134 . denotes .
T9080 34134-34257 sentence denotes It is equally plausible that there are other female-specific factors that antagonize the establishment of SOX9 expression.
T9081 34135-34137 PRP denotes It
T9082 34138-34140 VBZ denotes is
T9083 34141-34148 RB denotes equally
T9084 34149-34158 JJ denotes plausible
T9085 34159-34163 IN denotes that
T9086 34170-34173 VBP denotes are
T9087 34164-34169 EX denotes there
T9088 34174-34179 JJ denotes other
T9089 34196-34203 NNS denotes factors
T9090 34180-34186 JJ denotes female
T9091 34187-34195 JJ denotes specific
T9092 34186-34187 HYPH denotes -
T9093 34204-34208 WDT denotes that
T9094 34209-34219 VBP denotes antagonize
T9095 34220-34223 DT denotes the
T9096 34224-34237 NN denotes establishment
T9097 34238-34240 IN denotes of
T9098 34241-34245 NN denotes SOX9
T9099 34246-34256 NN denotes expression
T9100 34256-34257 . denotes .
T9101 34257-34413 sentence denotes It has been observed that several other WNTs are expressed in the XX gonad [ 52], and these or other factors may partially compensate for the loss of Wnt4.
T9102 34258-34260 PRP denotes It
T9103 34270-34278 VBN denotes observed
T9104 34261-34264 VBZ denotes has
T9105 34265-34269 VBN denotes been
T9106 34279-34283 IN denotes that
T9107 34307-34316 VBN denotes expressed
T9108 34284-34291 JJ denotes several
T9109 34298-34302 NNS denotes WNTs
T9110 34292-34297 JJ denotes other
T9111 34303-34306 VBP denotes are
T9112 34317-34319 IN denotes in
T9113 34320-34323 DT denotes the
T9114 34327-34332 NN denotes gonad
T9115 34324-34326 NN denotes XX
T9116 34333-34334 -LRB- denotes [
T9117 34335-34337 CD denotes 52
T9118 34337-34338 -RRB- denotes ]
T9119 34338-34340 , denotes ,
T9120 34340-34343 CC denotes and
T9121 34344-34349 DT denotes these
T9122 34381-34391 VB denotes compensate
T9123 34350-34352 CC denotes or
T9124 34353-34358 JJ denotes other
T9125 34359-34366 NNS denotes factors
T9126 34367-34370 MD denotes may
T9127 34371-34380 RB denotes partially
T9128 34392-34395 IN denotes for
T9129 34396-34399 DT denotes the
T9130 34400-34404 NN denotes loss
T9131 34405-34407 IN denotes of
T9132 34408-34412 NN denotes Wnt4
T9133 34412-34413 . denotes .
T9134 34413-34563 sentence denotes These findings suggest that WNT4 signaling normally acts as a repressor of the male pathway by interfering with the up-regulation of SOX9 expression.
T9135 34414-34419 DT denotes These
T9136 34420-34428 NNS denotes findings
T9137 34429-34436 VBP denotes suggest
T9138 34437-34441 IN denotes that
T9139 34466-34470 VBZ denotes acts
T9140 34442-34446 NN denotes WNT4
T9141 34447-34456 NN denotes signaling
T9142 34457-34465 RB denotes normally
T9143 34471-34473 IN denotes as
T9144 34474-34475 DT denotes a
T9145 34476-34485 NN denotes repressor
T9146 34486-34488 IN denotes of
T9147 34489-34492 DT denotes the
T9148 34498-34505 NN denotes pathway
T9149 34493-34497 JJ denotes male
T9150 34506-34508 IN denotes by
T9151 34509-34520 VBG denotes interfering
T9152 34521-34525 IN denotes with
T9153 34526-34529 DT denotes the
T9154 34533-34543 NN denotes regulation
T9155 34530-34532 JJ denotes up
T9156 34532-34533 HYPH denotes -
T9157 34544-34546 IN denotes of
T9158 34547-34551 NN denotes SOX9
T9159 34552-34562 NN denotes expression
T9160 34562-34563 . denotes .
T9161 34563-34685 sentence denotes One report of a duplication of the region of human Chromosome 1, which includes WNT4, led to an intersex phenotype [ 53].
T9162 34564-34567 CD denotes One
T9163 34568-34574 NN denotes report
T9164 34650-34653 VBD denotes led
T9165 34575-34577 IN denotes of
T9166 34578-34579 DT denotes a
T9167 34580-34591 NN denotes duplication
T9168 34592-34594 IN denotes of
T9169 34595-34598 DT denotes the
T9170 34599-34605 NN denotes region
T9171 34606-34608 IN denotes of
T9172 34609-34614 JJ denotes human
T9173 34615-34625 NN denotes Chromosome
T9174 34626-34627 CD denotes 1
T9175 34627-34629 , denotes ,
T9176 34629-34634 WDT denotes which
T9177 34635-34643 VBZ denotes includes
T9178 34644-34648 NN denotes WNT4
T9179 34648-34650 , denotes ,
T9180 34654-34656 IN denotes to
T9181 34657-34659 DT denotes an
T9182 34669-34678 NN denotes phenotype
T9183 34660-34668 NN denotes intersex
T9184 34679-34680 -LRB- denotes [
T9185 34681-34683 CD denotes 53
T9186 34683-34684 -RRB- denotes ]
T9187 34684-34685 . denotes .
T9188 34685-34747 sentence denotes However, the report constitutes only circumstantial evidence.
T9189 34686-34693 RB denotes However
T9190 34706-34717 VBZ denotes constitutes
T9191 34693-34695 , denotes ,
T9192 34695-34698 DT denotes the
T9193 34699-34705 NN denotes report
T9194 34718-34722 RB denotes only
T9195 34738-34746 NN denotes evidence
T9196 34723-34737 JJ denotes circumstantial
T9197 34746-34747 . denotes .
T9198 34747-34927 sentence denotes Such a role is not supported by efforts to misexpress Wnt4 in XY gonads, which have led to very mild phenotypes with no evidence for defects in Sertoli cell differentiation [ 54].
T9199 34748-34752 PDT denotes Such
T9200 34755-34759 NN denotes role
T9201 34753-34754 DT denotes a
T9202 34767-34776 VBN denotes supported
T9203 34760-34762 VBZ denotes is
T9204 34763-34766 RB denotes not
T9205 34777-34779 IN denotes by
T9206 34780-34787 NNS denotes efforts
T9207 34788-34790 TO denotes to
T9208 34791-34801 VB denotes misexpress
T9209 34802-34806 NN denotes Wnt4
T9210 34807-34809 IN denotes in
T9211 34810-34812 NN denotes XY
T9212 34813-34819 NNS denotes gonads
T9213 34819-34821 , denotes ,
T9214 34821-34826 WDT denotes which
T9215 34832-34835 VBN denotes led
T9216 34827-34831 VBP denotes have
T9217 34836-34838 IN denotes to
T9218 34839-34843 RB denotes very
T9219 34844-34848 JJ denotes mild
T9220 34849-34859 NNS denotes phenotypes
T9221 34860-34864 IN denotes with
T9222 34865-34867 DT denotes no
T9223 34868-34876 NN denotes evidence
T9224 34877-34880 IN denotes for
T9225 34881-34888 NNS denotes defects
T9226 34889-34891 IN denotes in
T9227 34892-34899 NN denotes Sertoli
T9228 34900-34904 NN denotes cell
T9229 34905-34920 NN denotes differentiation
T9230 34921-34922 -LRB- denotes [
T9231 34923-34925 CD denotes 54
T9232 34925-34926 -RRB- denotes ]
T9233 34926-34927 . denotes .
T9234 34927-35121 sentence denotes It is possible that WNT4 protein did not function as an active signal in these transgenic mice, either because it was not expressed in the right cells, at the right time, or at the right level.
T9235 34928-34930 PRP denotes It
T9236 34931-34933 VBZ denotes is
T9237 34934-34942 JJ denotes possible
T9238 34943-34947 IN denotes that
T9239 34969-34977 VB denotes function
T9240 34948-34952 NN denotes WNT4
T9241 34953-34960 NN denotes protein
T9242 34961-34964 VBD denotes did
T9243 34965-34968 RB denotes not
T9244 34978-34980 IN denotes as
T9245 34981-34983 DT denotes an
T9246 34991-34997 NN denotes signal
T9247 34984-34990 JJ denotes active
T9248 34998-35000 IN denotes in
T9249 35001-35006 DT denotes these
T9250 35018-35022 NNS denotes mice
T9251 35007-35017 JJ denotes transgenic
T9252 35022-35024 , denotes ,
T9253 35024-35030 CC denotes either
T9254 35050-35059 VBN denotes expressed
T9255 35031-35038 IN denotes because
T9256 35039-35041 PRP denotes it
T9257 35042-35045 VBD denotes was
T9258 35046-35049 RB denotes not
T9259 35060-35062 IN denotes in
T9260 35063-35066 DT denotes the
T9261 35073-35078 NNS denotes cells
T9262 35067-35072 JJ denotes right
T9263 35078-35080 , denotes ,
T9264 35080-35082 IN denotes at
T9265 35083-35086 DT denotes the
T9266 35093-35097 NN denotes time
T9267 35087-35092 JJ denotes right
T9268 35097-35099 , denotes ,
T9269 35099-35101 CC denotes or
T9270 35102-35104 IN denotes at
T9271 35105-35108 DT denotes the
T9272 35115-35120 NN denotes level
T9273 35109-35114 JJ denotes right
T9274 35120-35121 . denotes .
T9275 35121-35268 sentence denotes Consistent with our data and the partially sex-reversed phenotype of Wnt4 −/− XX mutants, other WNTs or additional female factors may be required.
T9276 35122-35132 JJ denotes Consistent
T9277 35259-35267 VBN denotes required
T9278 35133-35137 IN denotes with
T9279 35138-35141 PRP$ denotes our
T9280 35142-35146 NNS denotes data
T9281 35147-35150 CC denotes and
T9282 35151-35154 DT denotes the
T9283 35178-35187 NN denotes phenotype
T9284 35155-35164 RB denotes partially
T9285 35169-35177 VBN denotes reversed
T9286 35165-35168 NN denotes sex
T9287 35168-35169 HYPH denotes -
T9288 35188-35190 IN denotes of
T9289 35191-35195 NN denotes Wnt4
T9290 35203-35210 NNS denotes mutants
T9291 35196-35197 SYM denotes −
T9292 35197-35198 HYPH denotes /
T9293 35198-35199 SYM denotes −
T9294 35200-35202 NN denotes XX
T9295 35210-35212 , denotes ,
T9296 35212-35217 JJ denotes other
T9297 35218-35222 NNS denotes WNTs
T9298 35223-35225 CC denotes or
T9299 35226-35236 JJ denotes additional
T9300 35244-35251 NNS denotes factors
T9301 35237-35243 JJ denotes female
T9302 35252-35255 MD denotes may
T9303 35256-35258 VB denotes be
T9304 35267-35268 . denotes .
T9305 35268-35336 sentence denotes The switch that controls sex determination is biologically diverse.
T9306 35269-35272 DT denotes The
T9307 35273-35279 NN denotes switch
T9308 35312-35314 VBZ denotes is
T9309 35280-35284 WDT denotes that
T9310 35285-35293 VBZ denotes controls
T9311 35294-35297 NN denotes sex
T9312 35298-35311 NN denotes determination
T9313 35315-35327 RB denotes biologically
T9314 35328-35335 JJ denotes diverse
T9315 35335-35336 . denotes .
T9316 35336-35542 sentence denotes Sry is not present in nonmammalian systems; however, antagonistic signaling between FGFs and WNTs may be the conserved mechanism that balances the gonad between testicular and ovarian fates in vertebrates.
T9317 35337-35340 NN denotes Sry
T9318 35341-35343 VBZ denotes is
T9319 35439-35441 VB denotes be
T9320 35344-35347 RB denotes not
T9321 35348-35355 JJ denotes present
T9322 35356-35358 IN denotes in
T9323 35359-35371 JJ denotes nonmammalian
T9324 35372-35379 NNS denotes systems
T9325 35379-35380 : denotes ;
T9326 35381-35388 RB denotes however
T9327 35388-35390 , denotes ,
T9328 35390-35402 JJ denotes antagonistic
T9329 35403-35412 NN denotes signaling
T9330 35413-35420 IN denotes between
T9331 35421-35425 NNS denotes FGFs
T9332 35426-35429 CC denotes and
T9333 35430-35434 NNS denotes WNTs
T9334 35435-35438 MD denotes may
T9335 35442-35445 DT denotes the
T9336 35456-35465 NN denotes mechanism
T9337 35446-35455 VBN denotes conserved
T9338 35466-35470 WDT denotes that
T9339 35471-35479 VBZ denotes balances
T9340 35480-35483 DT denotes the
T9341 35484-35489 NN denotes gonad
T9342 35490-35497 IN denotes between
T9343 35498-35508 JJ denotes testicular
T9344 35521-35526 NNS denotes fates
T9345 35509-35512 CC denotes and
T9346 35513-35520 JJ denotes ovarian
T9347 35527-35529 IN denotes in
T9348 35530-35541 NNS denotes vertebrates
T9349 35541-35542 . denotes .
T9350 35542-35634 sentence denotes In theory, any genetic or environmental switch may tip the balance toward the male pathway.
T9351 35543-35545 IN denotes In
T9352 35594-35597 VB denotes tip
T9353 35546-35552 NN denotes theory
T9354 35552-35554 , denotes ,
T9355 35554-35557 DT denotes any
T9356 35583-35589 NN denotes switch
T9357 35558-35565 JJ denotes genetic
T9358 35566-35568 CC denotes or
T9359 35569-35582 JJ denotes environmental
T9360 35590-35593 MD denotes may
T9361 35598-35601 DT denotes the
T9362 35602-35609 NN denotes balance
T9363 35610-35616 IN denotes toward
T9364 35617-35620 DT denotes the
T9365 35626-35633 NN denotes pathway
T9366 35621-35625 JJ denotes male
T9367 35633-35634 . denotes .
T9368 35634-35890 sentence denotes Based on our findings we propose that cells in the mammalian gonad are balanced between two competing cell fates by counterbalanced signaling pathways, Fgf9, expressed near the coelomic surface, and Wnt4, expressed near the mesonephric border ( Figure 7).
T9369 35635-35640 VBN denotes Based
T9370 35660-35667 VBP denotes propose
T9371 35641-35643 IN denotes on
T9372 35644-35647 PRP$ denotes our
T9373 35648-35656 NNS denotes findings
T9374 35657-35659 PRP denotes we
T9375 35668-35672 IN denotes that
T9376 35706-35714 VBN denotes balanced
T9377 35673-35678 NNS denotes cells
T9378 35679-35681 IN denotes in
T9379 35682-35685 DT denotes the
T9380 35696-35701 NN denotes gonad
T9381 35686-35695 JJ denotes mammalian
T9382 35702-35705 VBP denotes are
T9383 35715-35722 IN denotes between
T9384 35723-35726 CD denotes two
T9385 35742-35747 NNS denotes fates
T9386 35727-35736 VBG denotes competing
T9387 35737-35741 NN denotes cell
T9388 35748-35750 IN denotes by
T9389 35751-35766 VBN denotes counterbalanced
T9390 35777-35785 NNS denotes pathways
T9391 35767-35776 NN denotes signaling
T9392 35785-35787 , denotes ,
T9393 35787-35791 NN denotes Fgf9
T9394 35791-35793 , denotes ,
T9395 35793-35802 VBN denotes expressed
T9396 35803-35807 IN denotes near
T9397 35808-35811 DT denotes the
T9398 35821-35828 NN denotes surface
T9399 35812-35820 JJ denotes coelomic
T9400 35828-35830 , denotes ,
T9401 35830-35833 CC denotes and
T9402 35834-35838 NN denotes Wnt4
T9403 35838-35840 , denotes ,
T9404 35840-35849 VBN denotes expressed
T9405 35850-35854 IN denotes near
T9406 35855-35858 DT denotes the
T9407 35871-35877 NN denotes border
T9408 35859-35870 JJ denotes mesonephric
T9409 35878-35879 -LRB- denotes (
T9410 35880-35886 NN denotes Figure
T9411 35887-35888 CD denotes 7
T9412 35888-35889 -RRB- denotes )
T9413 35889-35890 . denotes .
T9414 35890-35992 sentence denotes In mammalian XY gonads, the onset of Sry expression initiates the male pathway by up-regulating Sox9.
T9415 35891-35893 IN denotes In
T9416 35943-35952 VBZ denotes initiates
T9417 35894-35903 JJ denotes mammalian
T9418 35907-35913 NNS denotes gonads
T9419 35904-35906 NN denotes XY
T9420 35913-35915 , denotes ,
T9421 35915-35918 DT denotes the
T9422 35919-35924 NN denotes onset
T9423 35925-35927 IN denotes of
T9424 35928-35931 NN denotes Sry
T9425 35932-35942 NN denotes expression
T9426 35953-35956 DT denotes the
T9427 35962-35969 NN denotes pathway
T9428 35957-35961 JJ denotes male
T9429 35970-35972 IN denotes by
T9430 35973-35975 RB denotes up
T9431 35976-35986 VBG denotes regulating
T9432 35975-35976 HYPH denotes -
T9433 35987-35991 NN denotes Sox9
T9434 35991-35992 . denotes .
T9435 35992-36111 sentence denotes SOX9 up-regulates Fgf9, which initiates a Sox9/Fgf9 feed-forward loop that accelerates commitment to the male pathway.
T9436 35993-35997 NN denotes SOX9
T9437 36001-36010 VBZ denotes regulates
T9438 35998-36000 RB denotes up
T9439 36000-36001 HYPH denotes -
T9440 36011-36015 NN denotes Fgf9
T9441 36015-36017 , denotes ,
T9442 36017-36022 WDT denotes which
T9443 36023-36032 VBZ denotes initiates
T9444 36033-36034 DT denotes a
T9445 36058-36062 NN denotes loop
T9446 36035-36039 NN denotes Sox9
T9447 36040-36044 NN denotes Fgf9
T9448 36039-36040 HYPH denotes /
T9449 36045-36049 NN denotes feed
T9450 36049-36050 HYPH denotes -
T9451 36050-36057 RB denotes forward
T9452 36063-36067 WDT denotes that
T9453 36068-36079 VBZ denotes accelerates
T9454 36080-36090 NN denotes commitment
T9455 36091-36093 IN denotes to
T9456 36094-36097 DT denotes the
T9457 36103-36110 NN denotes pathway
T9458 36098-36102 JJ denotes male
T9459 36110-36111 . denotes .
T9460 36111-36269 sentence denotes In XX gonads or XY mutant gonads lacking Sry, Sox9, or Fgf9, the SOX9/FGF9 feed-forward loop is not established, and WNT4 gains control of the gonadal field.
T9461 36112-36114 IN denotes In
T9462 36212-36223 VBN denotes established
T9463 36115-36117 NN denotes XX
T9464 36118-36124 NNS denotes gonads
T9465 36125-36127 CC denotes or
T9466 36128-36130 NN denotes XY
T9467 36138-36144 NNS denotes gonads
T9468 36131-36137 NN denotes mutant
T9469 36145-36152 VBG denotes lacking
T9470 36153-36156 NN denotes Sry
T9471 36156-36158 , denotes ,
T9472 36158-36162 NN denotes Sox9
T9473 36162-36164 , denotes ,
T9474 36164-36166 CC denotes or
T9475 36167-36171 NN denotes Fgf9
T9476 36171-36173 , denotes ,
T9477 36173-36176 DT denotes the
T9478 36200-36204 NN denotes loop
T9479 36177-36181 NN denotes SOX9
T9480 36182-36186 NN denotes FGF9
T9481 36181-36182 HYPH denotes /
T9482 36187-36191 NN denotes feed
T9483 36191-36192 HYPH denotes -
T9484 36192-36199 RB denotes forward
T9485 36205-36207 VBZ denotes is
T9486 36208-36211 RB denotes not
T9487 36223-36225 , denotes ,
T9488 36225-36228 CC denotes and
T9489 36229-36233 NN denotes WNT4
T9490 36234-36239 VBZ denotes gains
T9491 36240-36247 NN denotes control
T9492 36248-36250 IN denotes of
T9493 36251-36254 DT denotes the
T9494 36263-36268 NN denotes field
T9495 36255-36262 JJ denotes gonadal
T9496 36268-36269 . denotes .
T9497 36269-36384 sentence denotes This results in the down-regulation of Sox9 and Fgf9, tilting the balance toward commitment to the female pathway.
T9525 36410-36412 VB denotes be
T9526 36422-36424 TO denotes to
T9527 36425-36431 VB denotes define
T9528 36432-36435 DT denotes the
T9529 36446-36455 NN denotes mechanism
T9530 36436-36445 JJ denotes molecular
T9531 36456-36458 IN denotes of
T9532 36459-36463 NN denotes FGF9
T9533 36473-36479 NN denotes action
T9534 36464-36467 CC denotes and
T9535 36468-36472 NN denotes WNT4
T9536 36479-36480 . denotes .
T9537 36480-36662 sentence denotes However, our in vivo and in vitro data strongly support the antagonistic relationship of these two signaling pathways in regulating expression of the testis-determining factor SOX9.
T9538 36481-36488 RB denotes However
T9539 36529-36536 VBP denotes support
T9540 36488-36490 , denotes ,
T9541 36490-36493 PRP$ denotes our
T9542 36515-36519 NNS denotes data
T9543 36494-36496 FW denotes in
T9544 36497-36501 FW denotes vivo
T9545 36502-36505 CC denotes and
T9546 36506-36508 FW denotes in
T9547 36509-36514 FW denotes vitro
T9548 36520-36528 RB denotes strongly
T9549 36537-36540 DT denotes the
T9550 36554-36566 NN denotes relationship
T9551 36541-36553 JJ denotes antagonistic
T9552 36567-36569 IN denotes of
T9553 36570-36575 DT denotes these
T9554 36590-36598 NNS denotes pathways
T9555 36576-36579 CD denotes two
T9556 36580-36589 NN denotes signaling
T9557 36599-36601 IN denotes in
T9558 36602-36612 VBG denotes regulating
T9559 36613-36623 NN denotes expression
T9560 36624-36626 IN denotes of
T9561 36627-36630 DT denotes the
T9562 36657-36661 NN denotes SOX9
T9563 36631-36637 NN denotes testis
T9564 36638-36649 VBG denotes determining
T9565 36637-36638 HYPH denotes -
T9566 36650-36656 NN denotes factor
T9567 36661-36662 . denotes .
T9625 37640-37647 NNS denotes Animals
T9626 37648-37651 CC denotes and
T9627 37652-37662 NN denotes genotyping
T9628 37662-37663 . denotes .
T9629 37663-37786 sentence denotes The Fgf9 mutation was maintained on a C57BL/6 (B6) background that leads to sex reversal in 100% of XY Fgf9 −/− offspring.
T9630 37664-37667 DT denotes The
T9631 37673-37681 NN denotes mutation
T9632 37668-37672 NN denotes Fgf9
T9633 37686-37696 VBN denotes maintained
T9634 37682-37685 VBD denotes was
T9635 37697-37699 IN denotes on
T9636 37700-37701 DT denotes a
T9637 37715-37725 NN denotes background
T9638 37702-37707 NN denotes C57BL
T9639 37707-37708 HYPH denotes /
T9640 37708-37709 CD denotes 6
T9641 37710-37711 -LRB- denotes (
T9642 37711-37713 NN denotes B6
T9643 37713-37714 -RRB- denotes )
T9644 37726-37730 WDT denotes that
T9645 37731-37736 VBZ denotes leads
T9646 37737-37739 IN denotes to
T9647 37740-37743 NN denotes sex
T9648 37744-37752 NN denotes reversal
T9649 37753-37755 IN denotes in
T9650 37756-37759 CD denotes 100
T9651 37759-37760 NN denotes %
T9652 37761-37763 IN denotes of
T9653 37764-37766 NN denotes XY
T9654 37776-37785 NN denotes offspring
T9655 37767-37771 NN denotes Fgf9
T9656 37772-37773 SYM denotes −
T9657 37773-37774 HYPH denotes /
T9658 37774-37775 SYM denotes −
T9659 37785-37786 . denotes .
T9660 37786-37927 sentence denotes Sry-EGFP mice, a kind gift from K. Albrecht and E. Eicher, were initially on a mixed B6/129 and were backcrossed to B6 for five generations.
T9661 37787-37790 NN denotes Sry
T9662 37791-37795 NN denotes EGFP
T9663 37790-37791 HYPH denotes -
T9664 37796-37800 NNS denotes mice
T9665 37846-37850 VBD denotes were
T9666 37800-37802 , denotes ,
T9667 37802-37803 DT denotes a
T9668 37809-37813 NN denotes gift
T9669 37804-37808 NN denotes kind
T9670 37814-37818 IN denotes from
T9671 37819-37821 NNP denotes K.
T9672 37822-37830 NNP denotes Albrecht
T9673 37831-37834 CC denotes and
T9674 37835-37837 NNP denotes E.
T9675 37838-37844 NNP denotes Eicher
T9676 37844-37846 , denotes ,
T9677 37851-37860 RB denotes initially
T9678 37861-37863 IN denotes on
T9679 37864-37865 DT denotes a
T9680 37872-37874 NN denotes B6
T9681 37866-37871 JJ denotes mixed
T9682 37874-37875 HYPH denotes /
T9683 37875-37878 CD denotes 129
T9684 37879-37882 CC denotes and
T9685 37883-37887 VBD denotes were
T9686 37888-37899 VBN denotes backcrossed
T9687 37900-37902 IN denotes to
T9688 37903-37905 NN denotes B6
T9689 37906-37909 IN denotes for
T9690 37910-37914 CD denotes five
T9691 37915-37926 NNS denotes generations
T9692 37926-37927 . denotes .
T9693 37927-38034 sentence denotes Offspring were then crossed to Fgf9 +/− and intercrossed and backcrossed to B6 in alternating generations.
T9694 37928-37937 NN denotes Offspring
T9695 37948-37955 VBN denotes crossed
T9696 37938-37942 VBD denotes were
T9697 37943-37947 RB denotes then
T9698 37956-37958 IN denotes to
T9699 37959-37963 NN denotes Fgf9
T9700 37964-37965 SYM denotes +
T9701 37965-37966 HYPH denotes /
T9702 37966-37967 SYM denotes −
T9703 37968-37971 CC denotes and
T9704 37972-37984 VBN denotes intercrossed
T9705 37985-37988 CC denotes and
T9706 37989-38000 VBN denotes backcrossed
T9707 38001-38003 IN denotes to
T9708 38004-38006 NN denotes B6
T9709 38007-38009 IN denotes in
T9710 38010-38021 VBG denotes alternating
T9711 38022-38033 NNS denotes generations
T9712 38033-38034 . denotes .
T9713 38034-38090 sentence denotes All XY Fgf9 −/− offspring showed complete sex reversal.
T9714 38035-38038 DT denotes All
T9715 38051-38060 NN denotes offspring
T9716 38039-38041 NN denotes XY
T9717 38042-38046 NN denotes Fgf9
T9718 38047-38048 SYM denotes −
T9719 38048-38049 HYPH denotes /
T9720 38049-38050 SYM denotes −
T9721 38061-38067 VBD denotes showed
T9722 38068-38076 JJ denotes complete
T9723 38081-38089 NN denotes reversal
T9724 38077-38080 NN denotes sex
T9725 38089-38090 . denotes .
T9726 38090-38180 sentence denotes Sry Myc mice were maintained on a CBA background, and Wnt4 on a mixed 129/SVJ background.
T9727 38091-38098 NN denotes Sry Myc
T9728 38099-38103 NNS denotes mice
T9729 38109-38119 VBN denotes maintained
T9730 38104-38108 VBD denotes were
T9731 38120-38122 IN denotes on
T9732 38123-38124 DT denotes a
T9733 38129-38139 NN denotes background
T9734 38125-38128 NN denotes CBA
T9735 38139-38141 , denotes ,
T9736 38141-38144 CC denotes and
T9737 38145-38149 NN denotes Wnt4
T9738 38150-38152 IN denotes on
T9739 38153-38154 DT denotes a
T9740 38169-38179 NN denotes background
T9741 38155-38160 VBN denotes mixed
T9742 38161-38164 CD denotes 129
T9743 38165-38168 NN denotes SVJ
T9744 38164-38165 HYPH denotes /
T9745 38179-38180 . denotes .
T9746 38180-38299 sentence denotes Mutant embryos were sexed by PCR using Y chromosome-specific primers and were genotyped as described [ 2, 16, 26, 55].
T9747 38181-38187 NN denotes Mutant
T9748 38188-38195 NNS denotes embryos
T9749 38201-38206 VBN denotes sexed
T9750 38196-38200 VBD denotes were
T9751 38207-38209 IN denotes by
T9752 38210-38213 NN denotes PCR
T9753 38214-38219 VBG denotes using
T9754 38220-38221 NN denotes Y
T9755 38222-38232 NN denotes chromosome
T9756 38233-38241 JJ denotes specific
T9757 38232-38233 HYPH denotes -
T9758 38242-38249 NNS denotes primers
T9759 38250-38253 CC denotes and
T9760 38254-38258 VBD denotes were
T9761 38259-38268 VBN denotes genotyped
T9762 38269-38271 IN denotes as
T9763 38272-38281 VBN denotes described
T9764 38282-38283 -LRB- denotes [
T9765 38295-38297 CD denotes 55
T9766 38284-38285 CD denotes 2
T9767 38285-38286 , denotes ,
T9768 38287-38289 CD denotes 16
T9769 38289-38290 , denotes ,
T9770 38291-38293 CD denotes 26
T9771 38293-38294 , denotes ,
T9772 38297-38298 -RRB- denotes ]
T9773 38298-38299 . denotes .
T9774 38299-38419 sentence denotes Mice homozygous for the Sox9 deletion were generated using a germline-specific gene deletion system as described [ 20].
T9775 38300-38304 NNS denotes Mice
T9776 38343-38352 VBN denotes generated
T9777 38305-38315 JJ denotes homozygous
T9778 38316-38319 IN denotes for
T9779 38320-38323 DT denotes the
T9780 38329-38337 NN denotes deletion
T9781 38324-38328 NN denotes Sox9
T9782 38338-38342 VBD denotes were
T9783 38353-38358 VBG denotes using
T9784 38359-38360 DT denotes a
T9785 38393-38399 NN denotes system
T9786 38361-38369 NN denotes germline
T9787 38370-38378 JJ denotes specific
T9788 38369-38370 HYPH denotes -
T9789 38379-38383 NN denotes gene
T9790 38384-38392 NN denotes deletion
T9791 38400-38402 IN denotes as
T9792 38403-38412 VBN denotes described
T9793 38413-38414 -LRB- denotes [
T9794 38415-38417 CD denotes 20
T9795 38417-38418 -RRB- denotes ]
T9796 38418-38419 . denotes .
T9946 38421-38423 FW denotes In
T9947 38424-38428 FW denotes situ
T9948 38429-38442 NN denotes hybridization
T9949 38443-38446 CC denotes and
T9950 38447-38466 NN denotes immunocytochemistry
T9951 38466-38467 . denotes .
T9952 38467-38576 sentence denotes In situ hybridization was performed on paraformaldehyde-fixed/OCT embedded cryosections, as described [ 56].
T9953 38468-38470 FW denotes In
T9954 38471-38475 FW denotes situ
T9955 38476-38489 NN denotes hybridization
T9956 38494-38503 VBN denotes performed
T9957 38490-38493 VBD denotes was
T9958 38504-38506 IN denotes on
T9959 38507-38523 NN denotes paraformaldehyde
T9960 38524-38529 VBN denotes fixed
T9961 38523-38524 HYPH denotes -
T9962 38534-38542 VBN denotes embedded
T9963 38529-38530 HYPH denotes /
T9964 38530-38533 NN denotes OCT
T9965 38543-38555 NNS denotes cryosections
T9966 38555-38557 , denotes ,
T9967 38557-38559 IN denotes as
T9968 38560-38569 VBN denotes described
T9969 38570-38571 -LRB- denotes [
T9970 38572-38574 CD denotes 56
T9971 38574-38575 -RRB- denotes ]
T9972 38575-38576 . denotes .
T9973 38576-38655 sentence denotes Whole-mount in situ hybridization was performed as previously described [ 57].
T9974 38577-38582 JJ denotes Whole
T9975 38583-38588 NN denotes mount
T9976 38582-38583 HYPH denotes -
T9977 38597-38610 NN denotes hybridization
T9978 38589-38591 FW denotes in
T9979 38592-38596 FW denotes situ
T9980 38615-38624 VBN denotes performed
T9981 38611-38614 VBD denotes was
T9982 38625-38627 IN denotes as
T9983 38639-38648 VBN denotes described
T9984 38628-38638 RB denotes previously
T9985 38649-38650 -LRB- denotes [
T9986 38651-38653 CD denotes 57
T9987 38653-38654 -RRB- denotes ]
T9988 38654-38655 . denotes .
T9989 38655-38748 sentence denotes Probes used for in situ hybridization were: Amh [ 58], Dhh [ 20], Wnt4 [ 8], and Fgf9 [ 59].
T9990 38656-38662 NNS denotes Probes
T9991 38694-38698 VBD denotes were
T9992 38663-38667 VBN denotes used
T9993 38668-38671 IN denotes for
T9994 38672-38674 FW denotes in
T9995 38675-38679 FW denotes situ
T9996 38680-38693 NN denotes hybridization
T9997 38698-38700 : denotes :
T9998 38700-38703 NN denotes Amh
T9999 38704-38705 -LRB- denotes [
T10000 38706-38708 CD denotes 58
T10001 38708-38709 -RRB- denotes ]
T10002 38709-38711 , denotes ,
T10003 38711-38714 NN denotes Dhh
T10004 38715-38716 -LRB- denotes [
T10005 38717-38719 CD denotes 20
T10006 38719-38720 -RRB- denotes ]
T10007 38720-38722 , denotes ,
T10008 38722-38726 NN denotes Wnt4
T10009 38727-38728 -LRB- denotes [
T10010 38729-38730 CD denotes 8
T10011 38730-38731 -RRB- denotes ]
T10012 38731-38733 , denotes ,
T10013 38733-38736 CC denotes and
T10014 38737-38741 NN denotes Fgf9
T10015 38742-38743 -LRB- denotes [
T10016 38744-38746 CD denotes 59
T10017 38746-38747 -RRB- denotes ]
T10018 38747-38748 . denotes .
T10019 38748-38842 sentence denotes Digoxigenin-labeled probes were prepared according to the Boehringer-Mannheim-Roche protocol.
T10020 38749-38760 NN denotes Digoxigenin
T10021 38761-38768 VBN denotes labeled
T10022 38760-38761 HYPH denotes -
T10023 38769-38775 NNS denotes probes
T10024 38781-38789 VBN denotes prepared
T10025 38776-38780 VBD denotes were
T10026 38790-38799 VBG denotes according
T10027 38800-38802 IN denotes to
T10028 38803-38806 DT denotes the
T10029 38833-38841 NN denotes protocol
T10030 38807-38817 NNP denotes Boehringer
T10031 38827-38832 NNP denotes Roche
T10032 38817-38818 HYPH denotes -
T10033 38818-38826 NNP denotes Mannheim
T10034 38826-38827 HYPH denotes -
T10035 38841-38842 . denotes .
T10036 38842-39283 sentence denotes Antibodies used in whole-mount immunocytochemistry were: mouse monoclonal anti-N-MYC (Cell Signaling Technology, Beverly, Massachusetts, United States; 1:100), rabbit anti-SOX9 (gift of F. Poulat; 1:1,000), rat anti-PECAM (Pharmingen, San Diego, California, United States; 1:500), rabbit anti-caspase-3 fragment (BD Bioscience, San Diego, California, United States; 1:100), and rabbit anti-phosphorylated histone H3 (Cell Signaling; 1:250).
T10037 38843-38853 NNS denotes Antibodies
T10038 38894-38898 VBD denotes were
T10039 38854-38858 VBN denotes used
T10040 38859-38861 IN denotes in
T10041 38862-38867 JJ denotes whole
T10042 38868-38873 NN denotes mount
T10043 38867-38868 HYPH denotes -
T10044 38874-38893 NN denotes immunocytochemistry
T10045 38898-38900 : denotes :
T10046 38900-38905 NN denotes mouse
T10047 38924-38927 NN denotes MYC
T10048 38906-38916 JJ denotes monoclonal
T10049 38917-38923 JJ denotes anti-N
T10050 38923-38924 HYPH denotes -
T10051 38928-38929 -LRB- denotes (
T10052 38995-38996 CD denotes 1
T10053 38929-38933 NNP denotes Cell
T10054 38934-38943 NNP denotes Signaling
T10055 38944-38954 NNP denotes Technology
T10056 38954-38956 , denotes ,
T10057 38956-38963 NNP denotes Beverly
T10058 38963-38965 , denotes ,
T10059 38965-38978 NNP denotes Massachusetts
T10060 38978-38980 , denotes ,
T10061 38980-38986 NNP denotes United
T10062 38987-38993 NNP denotes States
T10063 38993-38994 : denotes ;
T10064 38996-38997 SYM denotes :
T10065 38997-39000 CD denotes 100
T10066 39000-39001 -RRB- denotes )
T10067 39001-39003 , denotes ,
T10068 39003-39009 NN denotes rabbit
T10069 39010-39019 JJ denotes anti-SOX9
T10070 39020-39021 -LRB- denotes (
T10071 39040-39041 CD denotes 1
T10072 39021-39025 NN denotes gift
T10073 39026-39028 IN denotes of
T10074 39029-39031 NNP denotes F.
T10075 39032-39038 NNP denotes Poulat
T10076 39038-39039 : denotes ;
T10077 39041-39042 SYM denotes :
T10078 39042-39047 CD denotes 1,000
T10079 39047-39048 -RRB- denotes )
T10080 39048-39050 , denotes ,
T10081 39050-39053 NN denotes rat
T10082 39054-39064 JJ denotes anti-PECAM
T10083 39065-39066 -LRB- denotes (
T10084 39116-39117 CD denotes 1
T10085 39066-39076 NNP denotes Pharmingen
T10086 39076-39078 , denotes ,
T10087 39078-39081 NNP denotes San
T10088 39082-39087 NNP denotes Diego
T10089 39087-39089 , denotes ,
T10090 39089-39099 NNP denotes California
T10091 39099-39101 , denotes ,
T10092 39101-39107 NNP denotes United
T10093 39108-39114 NNP denotes States
T10094 39114-39115 : denotes ;
T10095 39117-39118 SYM denotes :
T10096 39118-39121 CD denotes 500
T10097 39121-39122 -RRB- denotes )
T10098 39122-39124 , denotes ,
T10099 39124-39130 NN denotes rabbit
T10100 39146-39154 NN denotes fragment
T10101 39131-39143 JJ denotes anti-caspase
T10102 39144-39145 CD denotes 3
T10103 39143-39144 HYPH denotes -
T10104 39155-39156 -LRB- denotes (
T10105 39209-39210 CD denotes 1
T10106 39156-39158 NNP denotes BD
T10107 39159-39169 NNP denotes Bioscience
T10108 39169-39171 , denotes ,
T10109 39171-39174 NNP denotes San
T10110 39175-39180 NNP denotes Diego
T10111 39180-39182 , denotes ,
T10112 39182-39192 NNP denotes California
T10113 39192-39194 , denotes ,
T10114 39194-39200 NNP denotes United
T10115 39201-39207 NNP denotes States
T10116 39207-39208 : denotes ;
T10117 39210-39211 SYM denotes :
T10118 39211-39214 CD denotes 100
T10119 39214-39215 -RRB- denotes )
T10120 39215-39217 , denotes ,
T10121 39217-39220 CC denotes and
T10122 39221-39227 NN denotes rabbit
T10123 39256-39258 NN denotes H3
T10124 39228-39247 JJ denotes anti-phosphorylated
T10125 39248-39255 NN denotes histone
T10126 39259-39260 -LRB- denotes (
T10127 39276-39277 CD denotes 1
T10128 39260-39264 NN denotes Cell
T10129 39265-39274 NN denotes Signaling
T10130 39274-39275 : denotes ;
T10131 39277-39278 SYM denotes :
T10132 39278-39281 CD denotes 250
T10133 39281-39282 -RRB- denotes )
T10134 39282-39283 . denotes .
T10135 39283-39445 sentence denotes Antibody binding was detected using fluorophore-conjugated secondary antibodies (Jackson ImmunoResearch, West Grove, Pennsylvania, United States) as recommended.
T10136 39284-39292 NN denotes Antibody
T10137 39293-39300 NN denotes binding
T10138 39305-39313 VBN denotes detected
T10139 39301-39304 VBD denotes was
T10140 39314-39319 VBG denotes using
T10141 39320-39331 NN denotes fluorophore
T10142 39332-39342 VBN denotes conjugated
T10143 39331-39332 HYPH denotes -
T10144 39353-39363 NNS denotes antibodies
T10145 39343-39352 JJ denotes secondary
T10146 39364-39365 -LRB- denotes (
T10147 39373-39387 NNP denotes ImmunoResearch
T10148 39365-39372 NNP denotes Jackson
T10149 39387-39389 , denotes ,
T10150 39389-39393 NNP denotes West
T10151 39394-39399 NNP denotes Grove
T10152 39399-39401 , denotes ,
T10153 39401-39413 NNP denotes Pennsylvania
T10154 39413-39415 , denotes ,
T10155 39415-39421 NNP denotes United
T10156 39422-39428 NNP denotes States
T10157 39428-39429 -RRB- denotes )
T10158 39430-39432 IN denotes as
T10159 39433-39444 VBN denotes recommended
T10160 39444-39445 . denotes .
T10161 39445-39743 sentence denotes For FGF9 immunostaining, gonads were prepared as frozen sections, and rabbit anti-mouse FGF9 (Cell Science; 1:50) and anti-rabbit IgG conjugated with peroxidase secondary antibody were used, followed by amplification with tyramide-Cy3 fluorophore (Molecular Probes, Eugene, Oregon, United States).
T10162 39446-39449 IN denotes For
T10163 39483-39491 VBN denotes prepared
T10164 39450-39454 NN denotes FGF9
T10165 39455-39469 NN denotes immunostaining
T10166 39469-39471 , denotes ,
T10167 39471-39477 NNS denotes gonads
T10168 39478-39482 VBD denotes were
T10169 39492-39494 IN denotes as
T10170 39495-39501 VBN denotes frozen
T10171 39502-39510 NNS denotes sections
T10172 39510-39512 , denotes ,
T10173 39512-39515 CC denotes and
T10174 39516-39522 NN denotes rabbit
T10175 39534-39538 NN denotes FGF9
T10176 39523-39533 JJ denotes anti-mouse
T10177 39631-39635 VBN denotes used
T10178 39539-39540 -LRB- denotes (
T10179 39554-39555 CD denotes 1
T10180 39540-39544 NNP denotes Cell
T10181 39545-39552 NNP denotes Science
T10182 39552-39553 : denotes ;
T10183 39555-39556 SYM denotes :
T10184 39556-39558 CD denotes 50
T10185 39558-39559 -RRB- denotes )
T10186 39560-39563 CC denotes and
T10187 39564-39575 JJ denotes anti-rabbit
T10188 39576-39579 NN denotes IgG
T10189 39580-39590 VBN denotes conjugated
T10190 39591-39595 IN denotes with
T10191 39596-39606 NN denotes peroxidase
T10192 39617-39625 NN denotes antibody
T10193 39607-39616 JJ denotes secondary
T10194 39626-39630 VBD denotes were
T10195 39635-39637 , denotes ,
T10196 39637-39645 VBN denotes followed
T10197 39646-39648 IN denotes by
T10198 39649-39662 NN denotes amplification
T10199 39663-39667 IN denotes with
T10200 39668-39676 NN denotes tyramide
T10201 39677-39680 NN denotes Cy3
T10202 39676-39677 HYPH denotes -
T10203 39681-39692 NN denotes fluorophore
T10204 39693-39694 -LRB- denotes (
T10205 39704-39710 NNP denotes Probes
T10206 39694-39703 NNP denotes Molecular
T10207 39710-39712 , denotes ,
T10208 39712-39718 NNP denotes Eugene
T10209 39718-39720 , denotes ,
T10210 39720-39726 NNP denotes Oregon
T10211 39726-39728 , denotes ,
T10212 39728-39734 NNP denotes United
T10213 39735-39741 NNP denotes States
T10214 39741-39742 -RRB- denotes )
T10215 39742-39743 . denotes .
T10216 39743-39827 sentence denotes This antibody did not detect FGF9 in 12.5 dpc ovary or Fgf9 −/− null mutant gonads.
T10217 39744-39748 DT denotes This
T10218 39749-39757 NN denotes antibody
T10219 39766-39772 VB denotes detect
T10220 39758-39761 VBD denotes did
T10221 39762-39765 RB denotes not
T10222 39773-39777 NN denotes FGF9
T10223 39778-39780 IN denotes in
T10224 39781-39785 CD denotes 12.5
T10225 39786-39789 NN denotes dpc
T10226 39790-39795 NN denotes ovary
T10227 39796-39798 CC denotes or
T10228 39799-39803 NN denotes Fgf9
T10229 39808-39812 JJ denotes null
T10230 39804-39805 SYM denotes −
T10231 39805-39806 HYPH denotes /
T10232 39806-39807 SYM denotes −
T10233 39820-39826 NNS denotes gonads
T10234 39813-39819 NN denotes mutant
T10235 39826-39827 . denotes .
T10236 39827-39921 sentence denotes Immunostained samples were mounted in DABCO and imaged on a Zeiss LSM420 confocal microscope.
T10237 39828-39841 JJ denotes Immunostained
T10238 39842-39849 NNS denotes samples
T10239 39855-39862 VBN denotes mounted
T10240 39850-39854 VBD denotes were
T10241 39863-39865 IN denotes in
T10242 39866-39871 NN denotes DABCO
T10243 39872-39875 CC denotes and
T10244 39876-39882 VBN denotes imaged
T10245 39883-39885 IN denotes on
T10246 39886-39887 DT denotes a
T10247 39910-39920 NN denotes microscope
T10248 39888-39893 NNP denotes Zeiss
T10249 39894-39900 NNP denotes LSM420
T10250 39901-39909 JJ denotes confocal
T10251 39920-39921 . denotes .
T10320 39923-39930 JJ denotes Primary
T10321 39944-39951 NN denotes culture
T10322 39931-39938 JJ denotes gonadal
T10323 39939-39943 NN denotes cell
T10324 39951-39952 . denotes .
T10325 39952-40062 sentence denotes 11.5 dpc embryos were collected from CD1 mice, and sex was determined by staining amnions as described [ 15].
T10326 39953-39957 CD denotes 11.5
T10327 39958-39961 NN denotes dpc
T10328 39962-39969 NNS denotes embryos
T10329 39975-39984 VBN denotes collected
T10330 39970-39974 VBD denotes were
T10331 39985-39989 IN denotes from
T10332 39990-39993 NN denotes CD1
T10333 39994-39998 NNS denotes mice
T10334 39998-40000 , denotes ,
T10335 40000-40003 CC denotes and
T10336 40004-40007 NN denotes sex
T10337 40012-40022 VBN denotes determined
T10338 40008-40011 VBD denotes was
T10339 40023-40025 IN denotes by
T10340 40026-40034 VBG denotes staining
T10341 40035-40042 NNS denotes amnions
T10342 40043-40045 IN denotes as
T10343 40046-40055 VBN denotes described
T10344 40056-40057 -LRB- denotes [
T10345 40058-40060 CD denotes 15
T10346 40060-40061 -RRB- denotes ]
T10347 40061-40062 . denotes .
T10348 40062-40142 sentence denotes Whole genital ridges were dissected and gonads were separated from mesonephroi.
T10349 40063-40068 JJ denotes Whole
T10350 40077-40083 NNS denotes ridges
T10351 40069-40076 JJ denotes genital
T10352 40089-40098 VBN denotes dissected
T10353 40084-40088 VBD denotes were
T10354 40099-40102 CC denotes and
T10355 40103-40109 NNS denotes gonads
T10356 40115-40124 VBN denotes separated
T10357 40110-40114 VBD denotes were
T10358 40125-40129 IN denotes from
T10359 40130-40141 NNS denotes mesonephroi
T10360 40141-40142 . denotes .
T10361 40142-40248 sentence denotes The gonads were treated with collagenase (0.025%) and trypsin (0.025%) in HAT buffer at 37 °C for 10 min.
T10362 40143-40146 DT denotes The
T10363 40147-40153 NNS denotes gonads
T10364 40159-40166 VBN denotes treated
T10365 40154-40158 VBD denotes were
T10366 40167-40171 IN denotes with
T10367 40172-40183 NN denotes collagenase
T10368 40184-40185 -LRB- denotes (
T10369 40190-40191 NN denotes %
T10370 40185-40190 CD denotes 0.025
T10371 40191-40192 -RRB- denotes )
T10372 40193-40196 CC denotes and
T10373 40197-40204 NN denotes trypsin
T10374 40205-40206 -LRB- denotes (
T10375 40211-40212 NN denotes %
T10376 40206-40211 CD denotes 0.025
T10377 40212-40213 -RRB- denotes )
T10378 40214-40216 IN denotes in
T10379 40217-40220 NN denotes HAT
T10380 40221-40227 NN denotes buffer
T10381 40228-40230 IN denotes at
T10382 40231-40233 CD denotes 37
T10383 40234-40236 NN denotes °C
T10384 40237-40240 IN denotes for
T10385 40241-40243 CD denotes 10
T10386 40244-40247 NNS denotes min
T10387 40247-40248 . denotes .
T10388 40248-40523 sentence denotes After the digestion, cells were mechanically dissociated by pipetting, washed in DMEM, plated on 10-mm diameter coverslips coated with extracellular matrix (Sigma), and were cultured in DMEM containing 5% fetal bovine serum and 1× antibiotics/antimycotics at 37 °C, 5% CO 2.
T10389 40249-40254 IN denotes After
T10390 40294-40305 VBN denotes dissociated
T10391 40255-40258 DT denotes the
T10392 40259-40268 NN denotes digestion
T10393 40268-40270 , denotes ,
T10394 40270-40275 NNS denotes cells
T10395 40276-40280 VBD denotes were
T10396 40281-40293 RB denotes mechanically
T10397 40306-40308 IN denotes by
T10398 40309-40318 VBG denotes pipetting
T10399 40318-40320 , denotes ,
T10400 40320-40326 VBN denotes washed
T10401 40327-40329 IN denotes in
T10402 40330-40334 NN denotes DMEM
T10403 40334-40336 , denotes ,
T10404 40336-40342 VBN denotes plated
T10405 40343-40345 IN denotes on
T10406 40346-40348 CD denotes 10
T10407 40349-40351 NN denotes mm
T10408 40348-40349 HYPH denotes -
T10409 40352-40360 NN denotes diameter
T10410 40361-40371 NNS denotes coverslips
T10411 40372-40378 VBN denotes coated
T10412 40379-40383 IN denotes with
T10413 40384-40397 JJ denotes extracellular
T10414 40398-40404 NN denotes matrix
T10415 40405-40406 -LRB- denotes (
T10416 40406-40411 NNP denotes Sigma
T10417 40411-40412 -RRB- denotes )
T10418 40412-40414 , denotes ,
T10419 40414-40417 CC denotes and
T10420 40418-40422 VBD denotes were
T10421 40423-40431 VBN denotes cultured
T10422 40432-40434 IN denotes in
T10423 40435-40439 NN denotes DMEM
T10424 40440-40450 VBG denotes containing
T10425 40451-40452 CD denotes 5
T10426 40452-40453 NN denotes %
T10427 40467-40472 NN denotes serum
T10428 40454-40459 JJ denotes fetal
T10429 40460-40466 JJ denotes bovine
T10430 40473-40476 CC denotes and
T10431 40477-40478 CD denotes 1
T10432 40492-40504 NNS denotes antimycotics
T10433 40478-40479 SYM denotes ×
T10434 40480-40491 NNS denotes antibiotics
T10435 40491-40492 HYPH denotes /
T10436 40505-40507 IN denotes at
T10437 40508-40510 CD denotes 37
T10438 40511-40513 NN denotes °C
T10439 40513-40515 , denotes ,
T10440 40515-40516 CD denotes 5
T10441 40516-40517 NN denotes %
T10442 40518-40522 NN denotes CO 2
T10443 40522-40523 . denotes .
T10444 40523-40683 sentence denotes In one of duplicate cultures, FGF9 (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States) was added to the final concentration of 50 ng/ml in the culture medium.
T10445 40524-40526 IN denotes In
T10446 40616-40621 VBN denotes added
T10447 40527-40530 CD denotes one
T10448 40531-40533 IN denotes of
T10449 40534-40543 JJ denotes duplicate
T10450 40544-40552 NNS denotes cultures
T10451 40552-40554 , denotes ,
T10452 40554-40558 NN denotes FGF9
T10453 40559-40560 -LRB- denotes (
T10454 40564-40571 NNP denotes Systems
T10455 40560-40561 NNP denotes R
T10456 40561-40562 CC denotes &
T10457 40562-40563 NNP denotes D
T10458 40571-40573 , denotes ,
T10459 40573-40584 NNP denotes Minneapolis
T10460 40584-40586 , denotes ,
T10461 40586-40595 NNP denotes Minnesota
T10462 40595-40597 , denotes ,
T10463 40597-40603 NNP denotes United
T10464 40604-40610 NNP denotes States
T10465 40610-40611 -RRB- denotes )
T10466 40612-40615 VBD denotes was
T10467 40622-40624 IN denotes to
T10468 40625-40628 DT denotes the
T10469 40635-40648 NN denotes concentration
T10470 40629-40634 JJ denotes final
T10471 40649-40651 IN denotes of
T10472 40652-40654 CD denotes 50
T10473 40655-40657 NNS denotes ng
T10474 40657-40658 SYM denotes /
T10475 40658-40660 NN denotes ml
T10476 40661-40663 IN denotes in
T10477 40664-40667 DT denotes the
T10478 40676-40682 NN denotes medium
T10479 40668-40675 NN denotes culture
T10480 40682-40683 . denotes .
T10481 40683-40751 sentence denotes After 36 h of culture, cells were fixed and immunostained for SOX9.
T10482 40684-40689 IN denotes After
T10483 40718-40723 VBN denotes fixed
T10484 40690-40692 CD denotes 36
T10485 40693-40694 NNS denotes h
T10486 40695-40697 IN denotes of
T10487 40698-40705 NN denotes culture
T10488 40705-40707 , denotes ,
T10489 40707-40712 NNS denotes cells
T10490 40713-40717 VBD denotes were
T10491 40724-40727 CC denotes and
T10492 40728-40741 VBN denotes immunostained
T10493 40742-40745 IN denotes for
T10494 40746-40750 NN denotes SOX9
T10495 40750-40751 . denotes .
T10496 40751-40860 sentence denotes Syto13 (Molecular Probes) was used for nuclear counterstaining, according to the manufacturer's instruction.
T10497 40752-40758 NN denotes Syto13
T10498 40782-40786 VBN denotes used
T10499 40759-40760 -LRB- denotes (
T10500 40770-40776 NNP denotes Probes
T10501 40760-40769 NNP denotes Molecular
T10502 40776-40777 -RRB- denotes )
T10503 40778-40781 VBD denotes was
T10504 40787-40790 IN denotes for
T10505 40791-40798 JJ denotes nuclear
T10506 40799-40814 NN denotes counterstaining
T10507 40814-40816 , denotes ,
T10508 40816-40825 VBG denotes according
T10509 40826-40828 IN denotes to
T10510 40829-40832 DT denotes the
T10511 40833-40845 NN denotes manufacturer
T10512 40848-40859 NN denotes instruction
T10513 40845-40847 POS denotes 's
T10514 40859-40860 . denotes .
T10570 40998-41007 VBN denotes described
T10571 41008-41009 -LRB- denotes [
T10572 41010-41012 CD denotes 60
T10573 41012-41013 -RRB- denotes ]
T10574 41013-41014 . denotes .
T10575 41014-41163 sentence denotes For FGF9 treatment, 50 ng/ml FGF9 (R&D Systems) was added directly to the culture medium, or an FGF9-loaded bead was placed on the surface of gonad.
T10576 41015-41018 IN denotes For
T10577 41067-41072 VBN denotes added
T10578 41019-41023 NN denotes FGF9
T10579 41024-41033 NN denotes treatment
T10580 41033-41035 , denotes ,
T10581 41035-41037 CD denotes 50
T10582 41038-41040 NNS denotes ng
T10583 41044-41048 NN denotes FGF9
T10584 41040-41041 SYM denotes /
T10585 41041-41043 NN denotes ml
T10586 41049-41050 -LRB- denotes (
T10587 41054-41061 NNP denotes Systems
T10588 41050-41051 NNP denotes R
T10589 41051-41052 CC denotes &
T10590 41052-41053 NNP denotes D
T10591 41061-41062 -RRB- denotes )
T10592 41063-41066 VBD denotes was
T10593 41073-41081 RB denotes directly
T10594 41082-41084 IN denotes to
T10595 41085-41088 DT denotes the
T10596 41097-41103 NN denotes medium
T10597 41089-41096 NN denotes culture
T10598 41103-41105 , denotes ,
T10599 41105-41107 CC denotes or
T10600 41108-41110 DT denotes an
T10601 41123-41127 NN denotes bead
T10602 41111-41115 NN denotes FGF9
T10603 41116-41122 VBN denotes loaded
T10604 41115-41116 HYPH denotes -
T10605 41132-41138 VBN denotes placed
T10606 41128-41131 VBD denotes was
T10607 41139-41141 IN denotes on
T10608 41142-41145 DT denotes the
T10609 41146-41153 NN denotes surface
T10610 41154-41156 IN denotes of
T10611 41157-41162 NN denotes gonad
T10612 41162-41163 . denotes .
T10613 41163-41326 sentence denotes To coat beads, heparin-agarose beads (Sigma, St. Louis, Missouri, United States) were incubated in 50 μg/ml FGF9 for 2 h, and washed five times in culture medium.
T10614 41164-41166 TO denotes To
T10615 41167-41171 VB denotes coat
T10616 41250-41259 VBN denotes incubated
T10617 41172-41177 NNS denotes beads
T10618 41177-41179 , denotes ,
T10619 41179-41186 NN denotes heparin
T10620 41187-41194 NN denotes agarose
T10621 41186-41187 HYPH denotes -
T10622 41195-41200 NNS denotes beads
T10623 41201-41202 -LRB- denotes (
T10624 41202-41207 NNP denotes Sigma
T10625 41207-41209 , denotes ,
T10626 41209-41212 NNP denotes St.
T10627 41213-41218 NNP denotes Louis
T10628 41218-41220 , denotes ,
T10629 41220-41228 NNP denotes Missouri
T10630 41228-41230 , denotes ,
T10631 41230-41236 NNP denotes United
T10632 41237-41243 NNP denotes States
T10633 41243-41244 -RRB- denotes )
T10634 41245-41249 VBD denotes were
T10635 41260-41262 IN denotes in
T10636 41263-41265 CD denotes 50
T10637 41266-41268 NNS denotes μg
T10638 41272-41276 NN denotes FGF9
T10639 41268-41269 SYM denotes /
T10640 41269-41271 NN denotes ml
T10641 41277-41280 IN denotes for
T10642 41281-41282 CD denotes 2
T10643 41283-41284 NNS denotes h
T10644 41284-41286 , denotes ,
T10645 41286-41289 CC denotes and
T10646 41290-41296 VBN denotes washed
T10647 41297-41301 CD denotes five
T10648 41302-41307 NNS denotes times
T10649 41308-41310 IN denotes in
T10650 41311-41318 NN denotes culture
T10651 41319-41325 NN denotes medium
T10652 41325-41326 . denotes .
T10540 40862-40867 NN denotes Gonad
T10541 40868-40875 NN denotes explant
T10542 40876-40883 NN denotes culture
T10543 40883-40884 . denotes .
T10544 40884-41014 sentence denotes Gonad/mesonephros complexes were dissected at 11.5 dpc and cultured on agar blocks for 36 h at 37 °C, 5% CO 2 as described [ 60].
T10545 40885-40890 NN denotes Gonad
T10546 40891-40902 NN denotes mesonephros
T10547 40890-40891 HYPH denotes /
T10548 40903-40912 NNS denotes complexes
T10549 40918-40927 VBN denotes dissected
T10550 40913-40917 VBD denotes were
T10551 40928-40930 IN denotes at
T10552 40931-40935 CD denotes 11.5
T10553 40936-40939 NN denotes dpc
T10554 40940-40943 CC denotes and
T10555 40944-40952 VBN denotes cultured
T10556 40953-40955 IN denotes on
T10557 40956-40960 NN denotes agar
T10558 40961-40967 NNS denotes blocks
T10559 40968-40971 IN denotes for
T10560 40972-40974 CD denotes 36
T10561 40975-40976 NNS denotes h
T10562 40977-40979 IN denotes at
T10563 40980-40982 CD denotes 37
T10564 40983-40985 NN denotes °C
T10565 40985-40987 , denotes ,
T10566 40987-40988 CD denotes 5
T10567 40988-40989 NN denotes %
T10568 40990-40994 NN denotes CO 2
T10569 40995-40997 IN denotes as
T179 14-17 VBP denotes Act
T9498 36270-36274 DT denotes This
T9499 36275-36282 VBZ denotes results
T9500 36283-36285 IN denotes in
T9501 36286-36289 DT denotes the
T9502 36295-36305 NN denotes regulation
T9503 36290-36294 JJ denotes down
T9504 36294-36295 HYPH denotes -
T9505 36306-36308 IN denotes of
T9506 36309-36313 NN denotes Sox9
T9507 36314-36317 CC denotes and
T9508 36318-36322 NN denotes Fgf9
T9509 36322-36324 , denotes ,
T9510 36324-36331 VBG denotes tilting
T9511 36332-36335 DT denotes the
T9512 36336-36343 NN denotes balance
T9513 36344-36350 IN denotes toward
T9514 36351-36361 NN denotes commitment
T9515 36362-36364 IN denotes to
T9516 36365-36368 DT denotes the
T9517 36376-36383 NN denotes pathway
T9518 36369-36375 JJ denotes female
T9519 36383-36384 . denotes .
T9520 36384-36480 sentence denotes Further experiments will be required to define the molecular mechanism of FGF9 and WNT4 action.
T9521 36385-36392 JJ denotes Further
T9522 36393-36404 NNS denotes experiments
T9523 36413-36421 VBN denotes required
T9524 36405-36409 MD denotes will
R1 T182 T179 prep as,Act
R2 T183 T184 amod Antagonistic,Signals
R3 T184 T182 pobj Signals,as
R4 T185 T186 aux to,Regulate
R5 T186 T184 advcl Regulate,Signals
R6 T187 T188 amod Mammalian,Determination
R7 T188 T186 dobj Determination,Regulate
R8 T189 T188 compound Sex,Determination
R9 T192 T193 det The,genes
R10 T193 T194 nsubj genes,coordinate
R11 T195 T193 acl encoding,genes
R12 T196 T195 dobj members,encoding
R13 T197 T196 prep of,members
R14 T198 T199 det the,families
R15 T199 T197 pobj families,of
R16 T200 T201 amod wingless,related
R17 T201 T203 amod related,site
R18 T202 T201 punct -,related
R19 T203 T199 nmod site,families
R20 T204 T205 nmod MMTV,integration
R21 T205 T203 nmod integration,site
R22 T206 T203 punct (,site
R23 T207 T203 appos WNT,site
R24 T208 T203 punct ),site
R25 T209 T203 cc and,site
R26 T210 T211 compound fibroblast,factor
R27 T211 T203 conj factor,site
R28 T212 T211 compound growth,factor
R29 T213 T211 punct (,factor
R30 T214 T211 appos FGF,factor
R31 T215 T211 punct ),factor
R32 T216 T194 dobj growth,coordinate
R33 T217 T216 punct ", ",growth
R34 T218 T216 conj morphogenesis,growth
R35 T219 T218 punct ", ",morphogenesis
R36 T220 T218 cc and,morphogenesis
R37 T221 T218 conj differentiation,morphogenesis
R38 T222 T194 prep in,coordinate
R39 T223 T224 amod many,fields
R40 T224 T222 pobj fields,in
R41 T225 T224 prep of,fields
R42 T226 T225 pobj cells,of
R43 T227 T194 prep during,coordinate
R44 T228 T227 pobj development,during
R45 T229 T194 punct .,coordinate
R46 T231 T232 prep In,expressed
R47 T233 T234 det the,mouse
R48 T234 T231 pobj mouse,In
R49 T235 T232 punct ", ",expressed
R50 T236 T232 nsubjpass Fgf9,expressed
R51 T237 T236 cc and,Fgf9
R52 T238 T236 conj Wnt4,Fgf9
R53 T239 T232 auxpass are,expressed
R54 T240 T232 prep in,expressed
R55 T241 T240 pobj gonads,in
R56 T242 T241 prep of,gonads
R57 T243 T244 det both,sexes
R58 T244 T242 pobj sexes,of
R59 T245 T246 advmod prior,to
R60 T246 T232 prep to,expressed
R61 T247 T248 compound sex,determination
R62 T248 T246 pobj determination,to
R63 T249 T232 punct .,expressed
R64 T251 T252 nsubj Loss,leads
R65 T253 T251 prep of,Loss
R66 T254 T253 pobj Fgf9,of
R67 T255 T252 prep to,leads
R68 T256 T257 compound XY,reversal
R69 T257 T255 pobj reversal,to
R70 T258 T257 compound sex,reversal
R71 T259 T252 punct ", ",leads
R72 T260 T261 mark whereas,results
R73 T261 T252 advcl results,leads
R74 T262 T261 nsubj loss,results
R75 T263 T262 prep of,loss
R76 T264 T263 pobj Wnt4,of
R77 T265 T261 prep in,results
R78 T266 T267 amod partial,development
R79 T267 T265 pobj development,in
R80 T268 T267 compound testis,development
R81 T269 T261 prep in,results
R82 T270 T271 compound XX,gonads
R83 T271 T269 pobj gonads,in
R84 T272 T252 punct .,leads
R85 T274 T275 advmod However,was
R86 T276 T275 punct ", ",was
R87 T277 T278 det the,relationship
R88 T278 T275 nsubj relationship,was
R89 T279 T278 prep between,relationship
R90 T280 T281 det these,signals
R91 T281 T279 pobj signals,between
R92 T282 T281 cc and,signals
R93 T283 T284 det the,gene
R94 T284 T281 conj gene,signals
R95 T285 T284 amod male,gene
R96 T286 T284 nmod sex,gene
R97 T287 T286 punct -,sex
R98 T288 T286 amod determining,sex
R99 T289 T284 punct ", ",gene
R100 T290 T284 appos Sry,gene
R101 T291 T275 punct ", ",was
R102 T292 T275 acomp unknown,was
R103 T293 T275 punct .,was
R104 T295 T296 nsubj We,show
R105 T297 T296 prep through,show
R106 T298 T299 nmod gain,experiments
R107 T299 T297 pobj experiments,through
R108 T300 T298 punct -,gain
R109 T301 T298 cc and,gain
R110 T302 T298 conj loss,gain
R111 T303 T298 punct -,gain
R112 T304 T298 prep of,gain
R113 T305 T304 punct -,of
R114 T306 T304 pobj function,of
R115 T307 T308 mark that,act
R116 T308 T296 ccomp act,show
R117 T309 T310 compound fibroblast,factor
R118 T310 T308 nsubj factor,act
R119 T311 T310 compound growth,factor
R120 T312 T310 nummod 9,factor
R121 T313 T310 punct (,factor
R122 T314 T310 appos FGF9,factor
R123 T315 T310 punct ),factor
R124 T316 T310 cc and,factor
R125 T317 T310 conj WNT4,factor
R126 T318 T308 prep as,act
R127 T319 T320 amod opposing,signals
R128 T320 T318 pobj signals,as
R129 T321 T322 aux to,regulate
R130 T322 T308 advcl regulate,act
R131 T323 T324 compound sex,determination
R132 T324 T322 dobj determination,regulate
R133 T325 T296 punct .,show
R134 T327 T328 prep In,initiates
R135 T329 T330 det the,gonad
R136 T330 T327 pobj gonad,In
R137 T331 T330 compound mouse,gonad
R138 T332 T330 compound XY,gonad
R139 T333 T328 punct ", ",initiates
R140 T334 T328 nsubj Sry,initiates
R141 T335 T328 advmod normally,initiates
R142 T336 T337 det a,loop
R143 T337 T328 dobj loop,initiates
R144 T338 T337 amod feed,loop
R145 T339 T338 punct -,feed
R146 T340 T338 prt forward,feed
R147 T341 T337 prep between,loop
R148 T342 T341 pobj Sox9,between
R149 T343 T342 cc and,Sox9
R150 T344 T342 conj Fgf9,Sox9
R151 T345 T337 punct ", ",loop
R152 T346 T347 dep which,regulates
R153 T347 T337 relcl regulates,loop
R154 T348 T347 advmod up,regulates
R155 T349 T347 punct -,regulates
R156 T350 T347 dobj Fgf9,regulates
R157 T351 T347 cc and,regulates
R158 T352 T347 conj represses,regulates
R159 T353 T352 dobj Wnt4,represses
R160 T354 T355 aux to,establish
R161 T355 T347 advcl establish,regulates
R162 T356 T357 det the,pathway
R163 T357 T355 dobj pathway,establish
R164 T358 T357 compound testis,pathway
R165 T359 T328 punct .,initiates
R166 T361 T362 advmod Surprisingly,is
R167 T363 T362 punct ", ",is
R168 T364 T362 nsubj loss,is
R169 T365 T364 prep of,loss
R170 T366 T365 pobj Wnt4,of
R171 T367 T364 prep in,loss
R172 T368 T369 compound XX,gonads
R173 T369 T367 pobj gonads,in
R174 T370 T362 acomp sufficient,is
R175 T371 T372 aux to,regulate
R176 T372 T362 advcl regulate,is
R177 T373 T372 advmod up,regulate
R178 T374 T372 punct -,regulate
R179 T375 T372 dobj Fgf9,regulate
R180 T376 T375 cc and,Fgf9
R181 T377 T375 conj Sox9,Fgf9
R182 T378 T372 prep in,regulate
R183 T379 T380 det the,absence
R184 T380 T378 pobj absence,in
R185 T381 T380 prep of,absence
R186 T382 T381 pobj Sry,of
R187 T383 T362 punct .,is
R188 T385 T386 det These,data
R189 T386 T387 nsubj data,suggest
R190 T388 T389 mark that,controlled
R191 T389 T387 ccomp controlled,suggest
R192 T390 T391 det the,fate
R193 T391 T389 nsubjpass fate,controlled
R194 T392 T391 prep of,fate
R195 T393 T394 det the,gonad
R196 T394 T392 pobj gonad,of
R197 T395 T389 auxpass is,controlled
R198 T396 T389 prep by,controlled
R199 T397 T396 pobj antagonism,by
R200 T398 T397 prep between,antagonism
R201 T399 T398 pobj Fgf9,between
R202 T400 T399 cc and,Fgf9
R203 T401 T399 conj Wnt4,Fgf9
R204 T402 T387 punct .,suggest
R205 T404 T405 det The,role
R206 T405 T406 nsubj role,is
R207 T407 T405 prep of,role
R208 T408 T409 det the,switch
R209 T409 T407 pobj switch,of
R210 T410 T409 amod male,switch
R211 T411 T409 nmod sex,switch
R212 T412 T411 punct -,sex
R213 T413 T411 amod determining,sex
R214 T414 T409 punct —,switch
R215 T415 T409 appos Sry,switch
R216 T416 T415 prep in,Sry
R217 T417 T418 det the,case
R218 T418 T416 pobj case,in
R219 T419 T418 prep of,case
R220 T420 T419 pobj mammals,of
R221 T421 T406 punct —,is
R222 T422 T423 aux to,tip
R223 T423 T406 xcomp tip,is
R224 T424 T425 det the,balance
R225 T425 T423 dobj balance,tip
R226 T426 T425 prep between,balance
R227 T427 T428 det these,signals
R228 T428 T426 pobj signals,between
R229 T429 T428 amod underlying,signals
R230 T430 T428 compound patterning,signals
R231 T431 T406 punct .,is
R232 T433 T434 prep In,operate
R233 T435 T433 amod principle,In
R234 T436 T434 punct ", ",operate
R235 T437 T438 compound sex,determination
R236 T438 T434 nsubj determination,operate
R237 T439 T438 prep in,determination
R238 T440 T441 amod other,vertebrates
R239 T441 T439 pobj vertebrates,in
R240 T442 T434 aux may,operate
R241 T443 T434 prep through,operate
R242 T444 T445 det any,switch
R243 T445 T443 pobj switch,through
R244 T446 T447 dep that,introduces
R245 T447 T445 relcl introduces,switch
R246 T448 T449 det an,imbalance
R247 T449 T447 dobj imbalance,introduces
R248 T450 T449 prep between,imbalance
R249 T451 T452 det these,pathways
R250 T452 T450 pobj pathways,between
R251 T453 T452 nummod two,pathways
R252 T454 T452 compound signaling,pathways
R253 T455 T434 punct .,operate
R265 T1206 T1207 det The,development
R266 T1207 T1208 nsubj development,is
R267 T1209 T1207 prep of,development
R268 T1210 T1211 advmod sexually,dimorphic
R269 T1211 T1212 amod dimorphic,organs
R270 T1212 T1209 pobj organs,of
R271 T1213 T1212 amod reproductive,organs
R272 T1214 T1215 det a,feature
R273 T1215 T1208 attr feature,is
R274 T1216 T1215 amod common,feature
R275 T1217 T1208 prep among,is
R276 T1218 T1219 compound animal,species
R277 T1219 T1217 pobj species,among
R278 T1220 T1208 punct .,is
R279 T1222 T1223 det The,testis
R280 T1223 T1224 nsubj testis,represent
R281 T1225 T1223 cc and,testis
R282 T1226 T1223 conj ovary,testis
R283 T1227 T1228 nummod two,pathways
R284 T1228 T1224 dobj pathways,represent
R285 T1229 T1228 amod divergent,pathways
R286 T1230 T1228 prep of,pathways
R287 T1231 T1230 pobj development,of
R288 T1232 T1228 prep from,pathways
R289 T1233 T1234 det the,gonad
R290 T1234 T1232 pobj gonad,from
R291 T1235 T1234 amod bipotential,gonad
R292 T1236 T1234 amod embryonic,gonad
R293 T1237 T1224 punct .,represent
R294 T1239 T1240 det The,switch
R295 T1240 T1241 nsubj switch,is
R296 T1241 T1249 ccomp is,are
R297 T1242 T1243 dep that,initiates
R298 T1243 T1240 relcl initiates,switch
R299 T1244 T1245 amod divergent,development
R300 T1245 T1243 dobj development,initiates
R301 T1246 T1245 prep of,development
R302 T1247 T1248 det the,gonad
R303 T1248 T1246 pobj gonad,of
R304 T1250 T1251 advmod highly,diverse
R305 T1251 T1241 acomp diverse,is
R306 T1252 T1241 prep among,is
R307 T1253 T1252 pobj species,among
R308 T1254 T1249 punct ;,are
R309 T1255 T1249 advmod however,are
R310 T1256 T1249 punct ", ",are
R311 T1257 T1258 det the,mechanisms
R312 T1258 T1249 nsubj mechanisms,are
R313 T1259 T1258 amod underlying,mechanisms
R314 T1260 T1261 dep that,lead
R315 T1261 T1258 relcl lead,mechanisms
R316 T1262 T1261 prep to,lead
R317 T1263 T1264 det the,establishment
R318 T1264 T1262 pobj establishment,to
R319 T1265 T1264 prep of,establishment
R320 T1266 T1267 nmod ovary,pathways
R321 T1267 T1265 pobj pathways,of
R322 T1268 T1266 cc or,ovary
R323 T1269 T1266 conj testis,ovary
R324 T1270 T1249 acomp likely,are
R325 T1271 T1272 aux to,conserved
R326 T1272 T1270 xcomp conserved,likely
R327 T1273 T1272 auxpass be,conserved
R328 T1274 T1249 punct .,are
R329 T1276 T1277 prep In,made
R330 T1278 T1279 det all,species
R331 T1279 T1276 pobj species,In
R332 T1280 T1277 punct ", ",made
R333 T1281 T1282 det the,gonad
R334 T1282 T1277 nsubjpass gonad,made
R335 T1283 T1282 amod embryonic,gonad
R336 T1284 T1277 auxpass is,made
R337 T1285 T1277 prt up,made
R338 T1286 T1277 prep of,made
R339 T1287 T1288 det a,population
R340 T1288 T1286 pobj population,of
R341 T1289 T1288 amod mixed,population
R342 T1290 T1288 prep of,population
R343 T1291 T1292 compound germ,cells
R344 T1292 T1290 pobj cells,of
R345 T1293 T1292 cc and,cells
R346 T1294 T1295 amod somatic,cells
R347 T1295 T1292 conj cells,cells
R348 T1296 T1277 punct .,made
R349 T1298 T1299 det This,tissue
R350 T1299 T1300 nsubj tissue,is
R351 T1301 T1300 acomp remarkable,is
R352 T1302 T1303 mark in,believed
R353 T1303 T1300 advcl believed,is
R354 T1304 T1303 mark that,believed
R355 T1305 T1303 nsubjpass all,believed
R356 T1306 T1305 prep of,all
R357 T1307 T1308 poss its,cells
R358 T1308 T1306 pobj cells,of
R359 T1309 T1303 auxpass are,believed
R360 T1310 T1311 aux to,be
R361 T1311 T1303 xcomp be,believed
R362 T1312 T1311 acomp bipotential,be
R363 T1313 T1303 punct ", ",believed
R364 T1314 T1303 cc and,believed
R365 T1315 T1316 aux can,differentiate
R366 T1316 T1303 conj differentiate,believed
R367 T1317 T1316 prep into,differentiate
R368 T1318 T1319 amod ovarian,lineages
R369 T1319 T1317 pobj lineages,into
R370 T1320 T1318 cc or,ovarian
R371 T1321 T1318 conj testicular,ovarian
R372 T1322 T1323 punct [,2
R373 T1323 T1300 parataxis 2,is
R374 T1324 T1323 nummod 1,2
R375 T1325 T1323 punct ",",2
R376 T1326 T1323 punct ],2
R377 T1327 T1300 punct .,is
R378 T1329 T1330 advcl Consistent,expressed
R379 T1331 T1329 prep with,Consistent
R380 T1332 T1333 det the,idea
R381 T1333 T1331 pobj idea,with
R382 T1334 T1335 mark that,poised
R383 T1335 T1333 acl poised,idea
R384 T1336 T1335 nsubjpass cells,poised
R385 T1337 T1336 prep in,cells
R386 T1338 T1339 det this,primordium
R387 T1339 T1337 pobj primordium,in
R388 T1340 T1335 auxpass are,poised
R389 T1341 T1335 prep between,poised
R390 T1342 T1343 nummod two,pathways
R391 T1343 T1341 pobj pathways,between
R392 T1344 T1343 amod developmental,pathways
R393 T1345 T1330 punct ", ",expressed
R394 T1346 T1330 nsubjpass some,expressed
R395 T1347 T1346 prep of,some
R396 T1348 T1349 det the,genes
R397 T1349 T1347 pobj genes,of
R398 T1350 T1351 dep that,involved
R399 T1351 T1349 relcl involved,genes
R400 T1352 T1351 auxpass are,involved
R401 T1353 T1351 prep in,involved
R402 T1354 T1353 pcomp establishing,in
R403 T1355 T1356 amod sexual,dimorphism
R404 T1356 T1354 dobj dimorphism,establishing
R405 T1357 T1346 punct ", ",some
R406 T1358 T1346 prep including,some
R407 T1359 T1358 pobj Dax1,including
R408 T1360 T1361 punct (,region
R409 T1361 T1359 appos region,Dax1
R410 T1362 T1363 npadvmod dosage,sensitive
R411 T1363 T1361 amod sensitive,region
R412 T1364 T1363 punct -,sensitive
R413 T1365 T1366 compound sex,reversal
R414 T1366 T1367 npadvmod reversal,congenital
R415 T1367 T1361 amod congenital,region
R416 T1368 T1367 punct -,congenital
R417 T1369 T1361 amod adrenal,region
R418 T1370 T1361 nmod hypoplasia,region
R419 T1371 T1361 amod critical,region
R420 T1372 T1361 prep on,region
R421 T1373 T1374 det the,protein
R422 T1374 T1372 pobj protein,on
R423 T1375 T1376 compound X,chromosome
R424 T1376 T1374 compound chromosome,protein
R425 T1377 T1374 nummod 1,protein
R426 T1378 T1361 punct ),region
R427 T1379 T1359 punct ", ",Dax1
R428 T1380 T1359 conj Sox9,Dax1
R429 T1381 T1380 punct (,Sox9
R430 T1382 T1383 nmod Sry,box
R431 T1383 T1380 appos box,Sox9
R432 T1384 T1382 punct -,Sry
R433 T1385 T1382 amod like,Sry
R434 T1386 T1383 compound HMG,box
R435 T1387 T1383 nummod 9,box
R436 T1388 T1380 punct ),Sox9
R437 T1389 T1380 punct ", ",Sox9
R438 T1390 T1380 conj Fgf9,Sox9
R439 T1391 T1390 punct (,Fgf9
R440 T1392 T1393 compound fibroblast,factor
R441 T1393 T1390 appos factor,Fgf9
R442 T1394 T1393 compound growth,factor
R443 T1395 T1393 nummod 9,factor
R444 T1396 T1390 punct ),Fgf9
R445 T1397 T1390 punct ", ",Fgf9
R446 T1398 T1390 cc and,Fgf9
R447 T1399 T1390 conj Wnt4,Fgf9
R448 T1400 T1399 punct (,Wnt4
R449 T1401 T1402 amod wingless,related
R450 T1402 T1404 amod related,site
R451 T1403 T1402 punct -,related
R452 T1404 T1399 appos site,Wnt4
R453 T1405 T1404 compound MMTV,site
R454 T1406 T1404 compound integration,site
R455 T1407 T1404 nummod 4,site
R456 T1408 T1330 punct ),expressed
R457 T1409 T1330 punct ", ",expressed
R458 T1410 T1330 auxpass are,expressed
R459 T1411 T1330 advmod initially,expressed
R460 T1412 T1330 prep in,expressed
R461 T1413 T1414 amod similar,patterns
R462 T1414 T1412 pobj patterns,in
R463 T1415 T1330 prep in,expressed
R464 T1416 T1417 nmod XX,gonads
R465 T1417 T1415 pobj gonads,in
R466 T1418 T1416 cc and,XX
R467 T1419 T1416 conj XY,XX
R468 T1420 T1421 punct [,3
R469 T1421 T1330 parataxis 3,expressed
R470 T1422 T1423 punct –,8
R471 T1423 T1421 prep 8,3
R472 T1424 T1421 punct ],3
R473 T1425 T1330 punct .,expressed
R474 T1427 T1428 det The,view
R475 T1428 T1430 nsubj view,is
R476 T1429 T1428 amod conventional,view
R477 T1431 T1428 prep of,view
R478 T1432 T1433 amod mammalian,determination
R479 T1433 T1431 pobj determination,of
R480 T1434 T1433 compound sex,determination
R481 T1435 T1436 mark that,is
R482 T1436 T1430 advcl is,is
R483 T1437 T1438 det the,pathway
R484 T1438 T1436 nsubj pathway,is
R485 T1439 T1438 amod basic,pathway
R486 T1440 T1438 prep of,pathway
R487 T1441 T1442 compound organ,development
R488 T1442 T1440 pobj development,of
R489 T1443 T1436 acomp ovarian,is
R490 T1444 T1436 punct ", ",is
R491 T1445 T1436 cc and,is
R492 T1446 T1447 mark that,operates
R493 T1447 T1436 conj operates,is
R494 T1448 T1449 det the,gene
R495 T1449 T1447 nsubj gene,operates
R496 T1450 T1449 nmod testis,gene
R497 T1451 T1450 punct -,testis
R498 T1452 T1450 amod determining,testis
R499 T1453 T1447 prep by,operates
R500 T1454 T1453 pcomp diverting,by
R501 T1455 T1456 det this,program
R502 T1456 T1454 dobj program,diverting
R503 T1457 T1454 prep toward,diverting
R504 T1458 T1459 compound testis,development
R505 T1459 T1457 pobj development,toward
R506 T1460 T1454 prep by,diverting
R507 T1461 T1462 advmod simultaneously,influencing
R508 T1462 T1460 pcomp influencing,by
R509 T1463 T1464 det the,fate
R510 T1464 T1462 dobj fate,influencing
R511 T1465 T1464 prep of,fate
R512 T1466 T1467 det the,lineage
R513 T1467 T1465 pobj lineage,of
R514 T1468 T1467 amod key,lineage
R515 T1469 T1470 amod supporting,cell
R516 T1470 T1467 compound cell,lineage
R517 T1471 T1462 cc and,influencing
R518 T1472 T1462 conj initiating,influencing
R519 T1473 T1474 det a,program
R520 T1474 T1472 dobj program,initiating
R521 T1475 T1476 amod male,specific
R522 T1476 T1474 amod specific,program
R523 T1477 T1476 punct -,specific
R524 T1478 T1474 amod morphogenetic,program
R525 T1479 T1430 punct .,is
R526 T1481 T1482 nsubj All,suggests
R527 T1483 T1481 prep of,All
R528 T1484 T1485 det the,evidence
R529 T1485 T1483 pobj evidence,of
R530 T1486 T1485 amod experimental,evidence
R531 T1487 T1488 mark that,are
R532 T1488 T1482 ccomp are,suggests
R533 T1489 T1490 det these,processes
R534 T1490 T1488 nsubj processes,are
R535 T1491 T1490 nummod two,processes
R536 T1492 T1493 advmod closely,interwoven
R537 T1493 T1488 acomp interwoven,are
R538 T1494 T1482 punct .,suggests
R539 T1496 T1497 prep For,appear
R540 T1498 T1496 pobj example,For
R541 T1499 T1497 punct ", ",appear
R542 T1500 T1501 preconj both,proliferation
R543 T1501 T1497 nsubj proliferation,appear
R544 T1502 T1503 punct [,9
R545 T1503 T1501 parataxis 9,proliferation
R546 T1504 T1503 punct ],9
R547 T1505 T1501 cc and,proliferation
R548 T1506 T1501 conj migration,proliferation
R549 T1507 T1501 prep of,proliferation
R550 T1508 T1507 pobj cells,of
R551 T1509 T1510 aux to,trigger
R552 T1510 T1501 advcl trigger,proliferation
R553 T1511 T1512 compound testis,formation
R554 T1512 T1510 dobj formation,trigger
R555 T1513 T1512 compound cord,formation
R556 T1514 T1515 punct [,11
R557 T1515 T1501 parataxis 11,proliferation
R558 T1516 T1515 nummod 10,11
R559 T1517 T1515 punct ",",11
R560 T1518 T1515 punct ],11
R561 T1519 T1520 aux to,be
R562 T1520 T1497 xcomp be,appear
R563 T1521 T1522 advmod closely,integrated
R564 T1522 T1520 acomp integrated,be
R565 T1523 T1522 prep with,integrated
R566 T1524 T1525 compound Sertoli,cell
R567 T1525 T1526 compound cell,differentiation
R568 T1526 T1523 pobj differentiation,with
R569 T1527 T1497 punct .,appear
R570 T1529 T1530 nsubj Sry,is
R571 T1531 T1529 punct ", ",Sry
R572 T1532 T1533 det a,gene
R573 T1533 T1529 appos gene,Sry
R574 T1534 T1535 compound Y,chromosome
R575 T1535 T1536 npadvmod chromosome,linked
R576 T1536 T1533 amod linked,gene
R577 T1537 T1536 punct -,linked
R578 T1538 T1530 punct ", ",is
R579 T1539 T1540 det the,gene
R580 T1540 T1530 attr gene,is
R581 T1541 T1540 amod primary,gene
R582 T1542 T1543 npadvmod sex,determining
R583 T1543 T1540 amod determining,gene
R584 T1544 T1543 punct -,determining
R585 T1545 T1530 prep in,is
R586 T1546 T1545 pobj mammals,in
R587 T1547 T1548 punct [,12
R588 T1548 T1530 parataxis 12,is
R589 T1549 T1550 punct –,14
R590 T1550 T1548 prep 14,12
R591 T1551 T1548 punct ],12
R592 T1552 T1530 punct .,is
R593 T1554 T1555 prep In,follow
R594 T1556 T1557 det the,absence
R595 T1557 T1554 pobj absence,In
R596 T1558 T1557 prep of,absence
R597 T1559 T1560 compound Sry,expression
R598 T1560 T1558 pobj expression,of
R599 T1561 T1557 punct —,absence
R600 T1562 T1557 prep in,absence
R601 T1563 T1564 compound XX,embryos
R602 T1564 T1562 pobj embryos,in
R603 T1565 T1562 punct ", ",in
R604 T1566 T1562 cc or,in
R605 T1567 T1562 conj in,in
R606 T1568 T1569 compound XY,embryos
R607 T1569 T1567 pobj embryos,in
R608 T1570 T1569 acl carrying,embryos
R609 T1571 T1572 det a,deletion
R610 T1572 T1570 dobj deletion,carrying
R611 T1573 T1572 prep of,deletion
R612 T1574 T1573 pobj Sry,of
R613 T1575 T1555 punct —,follow
R614 T1576 T1555 nsubj cells,follow
R615 T1577 T1576 prep in,cells
R616 T1578 T1579 det the,gonad
R617 T1579 T1577 pobj gonad,in
R618 T1580 T1581 det an,pathway
R619 T1581 T1555 dobj pathway,follow
R620 T1582 T1583 amod ovarian,differentiation
R621 T1583 T1581 compound differentiation,pathway
R622 T1584 T1555 punct .,follow
R623 T1586 T1587 amod Genetic,evidence
R624 T1587 T1588 nsubj evidence,indicate
R625 T1589 T1587 prep from,evidence
R626 T1590 T1591 amod chimeric,mice
R627 T1591 T1589 pobj mice,from
R628 T1592 T1593 punct [,15
R629 T1593 T1587 parataxis 15,evidence
R630 T1594 T1593 punct ],15
R631 T1595 T1587 punct ", ",evidence
R632 T1596 T1587 cc and,evidence
R633 T1597 T1598 compound expression,studies
R634 T1598 T1587 conj studies,evidence
R635 T1599 T1598 acl using,studies
R636 T1600 T1601 compound reporter,transgenes
R637 T1601 T1599 dobj transgenes,using
R638 T1602 T1603 punct [,16
R639 T1603 T1598 parataxis 16,studies
R640 T1604 T1603 nummod 2,16
R641 T1605 T1603 punct ",",16
R642 T1606 T1603 punct ],16
R643 T1607 T1588 punct ", ",indicate
R644 T1608 T1609 mark that,required
R645 T1609 T1588 ccomp required,indicate
R646 T1610 T1611 compound Sry,expression
R647 T1611 T1609 nsubjpass expression,required
R648 T1612 T1609 auxpass is,required
R649 T1613 T1614 advmod only,in
R650 T1614 T1609 prep in,required
R651 T1615 T1614 pobj precursors,in
R652 T1616 T1615 prep of,precursors
R653 T1617 T1618 det the,lineage
R654 T1618 T1616 pobj lineage,of
R655 T1619 T1618 amod somatic,lineage
R656 T1620 T1618 compound supporting,lineage
R657 T1621 T1618 compound cell,lineage
R658 T1622 T1588 punct .,indicate
R659 T1624 T1625 nsubj Expression,leads
R660 T1626 T1624 prep of,Expression
R661 T1627 T1626 pobj Sry,of
R662 T1628 T1624 prep in,Expression
R663 T1629 T1630 det these,cells
R664 T1630 T1628 pobj cells,in
R665 T1631 T1630 amod bipotential,cells
R666 T1632 T1625 prep to,leads
R667 T1633 T1634 poss their,differentiation
R668 T1634 T1632 pobj differentiation,to
R669 T1635 T1634 prep as,differentiation
R670 T1636 T1637 npadvmod testis,specific
R671 T1637 T1639 amod specific,cells
R672 T1638 T1637 punct -,specific
R673 T1639 T1635 pobj cells,as
R674 T1640 T1639 compound Sertoli,cells
R675 T1641 T1635 cc rather,as
R676 T1642 T1641 dep than,rather
R677 T1643 T1635 conj as,as
R678 T1644 T1645 compound follicle,cells
R679 T1645 T1643 pobj cells,as
R680 T1646 T1645 punct ", ",cells
R681 T1647 T1648 det the,type
R682 T1648 T1645 appos type,cells
R683 T1649 T1648 amod parallel,type
R684 T1650 T1648 compound cell,type
R685 T1651 T1648 prep of,type
R686 T1652 T1653 det the,ovary
R687 T1653 T1651 pobj ovary,of
R688 T1654 T1655 punct [,2
R689 T1655 T1625 parataxis 2,leads
R690 T1656 T1655 punct ],2
R691 T1657 T1625 punct .,leads
R692 T1659 T1660 nsubjpass It,believed
R693 T1661 T1660 auxpass is,believed
R694 T1662 T1663 mark that,is
R695 T1663 T1660 ccomp is,believed
R696 T1664 T1665 det the,cell
R697 T1665 T1663 nsubj cell,is
R698 T1666 T1665 compound Sertoli,cell
R699 T1667 T1668 det the,type
R700 T1668 T1663 attr type,is
R701 T1669 T1668 amod first,type
R702 T1670 T1668 compound cell,type
R703 T1671 T1672 aux to,differentiate
R704 T1672 T1668 advcl differentiate,type
R705 T1673 T1672 prep in,differentiate
R706 T1674 T1675 det the,gonad
R707 T1675 T1673 pobj gonad,in
R708 T1676 T1677 punct [,17
R709 T1677 T1663 parataxis 17,is
R710 T1678 T1677 punct ],17
R711 T1679 T1660 punct .,believed
R712 T1681 T1682 expl There,is
R713 T1683 T1684 amod substantial,evidence
R714 T1684 T1682 attr evidence,is
R715 T1685 T1686 mark that,required
R717 T1687 T1688 det a,number
R718 T1688 T1686 nsubjpass number,required
R719 T1689 T1688 amod critical,number
R720 T1690 T1688 compound threshold,number
R721 T1691 T1688 prep of,number
R722 T1692 T1693 compound Sertoli,cells
R723 T1693 T1691 pobj cells,of
R724 T1694 T1686 auxpass is,required
R725 T1695 T1696 aux to,establish
R726 T1696 T1686 advcl establish,required
R727 T1697 T1698 compound testis,differentiation
R728 T1698 T1696 dobj differentiation,establish
R729 T1699 T1700 punct [,15
R730 T1700 T1682 parataxis 15,is
R731 T1701 T1700 nummod 9,15
R732 T1702 T1700 punct ",",15
R733 T1703 T1700 punct ",",15
R734 T1704 T1700 appos 18,15
R735 T1705 T1706 punct –,20
R736 T1706 T1704 prep 20,18
R737 T1707 T1700 punct ],15
R738 T1708 T1682 punct .,is
R739 T1710 T1711 prep In,ensues
R740 T1712 T1710 pobj cases,In
R741 T1713 T1714 advmod where,reached
R742 T1714 T1712 relcl reached,cases
R743 T1715 T1716 det this,threshold
R744 T1716 T1714 nsubjpass threshold,reached
R745 T1717 T1714 auxpass is,reached
R746 T1718 T1714 neg not,reached
R747 T1719 T1711 punct ", ",ensues
R748 T1720 T1721 compound ovary,differentiation
R749 T1721 T1711 nsubj differentiation,ensues
R750 T1722 T1711 punct .,ensues
R751 T1724 T1725 mark Once,begins
R752 T1725 T1728 advcl begins,begin
R753 T1726 T1727 compound Sry,expression
R754 T1727 T1725 nsubj expression,begins
R755 T1729 T1728 punct ", ",begin
R756 T1730 T1731 compound expression,patterns
R757 T1731 T1728 nsubj patterns,begin
R758 T1732 T1731 prep of,patterns
R759 T1733 T1734 amod other,genes
R760 T1734 T1732 pobj genes,of
R761 T1735 T1731 prep in,patterns
R762 T1736 T1737 det the,gonad
R763 T1737 T1735 pobj gonad,in
R764 T1738 T1739 aux to,diverge
R765 T1739 T1728 xcomp diverge,begin
R766 T1740 T1728 punct .,begin
R767 T1742 T1743 det The,gene
R768 T1743 T1745 nsubj gene,is
R769 T1744 T1743 amod first,gene
R770 T1746 T1743 advmod downstream,gene
R771 T1747 T1746 prep of,downstream
R772 T1748 T1747 pobj Sry,of
R773 T1749 T1743 acl known,gene
R774 T1750 T1751 aux to,show
R775 T1751 T1749 xcomp show,known
R776 T1752 T1753 amod male,specific
R777 T1753 T1755 amod specific,regulation
R778 T1754 T1753 punct -,specific
R779 T1755 T1751 dobj regulation,show
R780 T1756 T1755 amod up,regulation
R781 T1757 T1755 punct -,regulation
R782 T1758 T1751 prep in,show
R783 T1759 T1760 compound Sertoli,cell
R784 T1760 T1761 compound cell,precursors
R785 T1761 T1758 pobj precursors,in
R786 T1762 T1763 det a,gene
R787 T1763 T1745 attr gene,is
R788 T1764 T1763 amod related,gene
R789 T1765 T1763 acl expressed,gene
R790 T1766 T1765 prep in,expressed
R791 T1767 T1768 amod many,tissues
R792 T1768 T1766 pobj tissues,in
R793 T1769 T1765 prep in,expressed
R794 T1770 T1771 det the,embryo
R795 T1771 T1769 pobj embryo,in
R796 T1772 T1771 amod developing,embryo
R797 T1773 T1763 punct ", ",gene
R798 T1774 T1763 appos Sox9,gene
R799 T1775 T1745 punct .,is
R800 T1777 T1778 nsubj Disruption,causes
R801 T1779 T1777 prep of,Disruption
R802 T1780 T1781 compound Sox9,expression
R803 T1781 T1779 pobj expression,of
R804 T1782 T1777 prep in,Disruption
R805 T1783 T1784 det the,gonad
R806 T1784 T1782 pobj gonad,in
R807 T1785 T1784 compound XY,gonad
R808 T1786 T1787 nmod male,reversal
R809 T1787 T1778 dobj reversal,causes
R810 T1788 T1786 punct -,male
R811 T1789 T1786 prep to,male
R812 T1790 T1789 punct -,to
R813 T1791 T1789 pobj female,to
R814 T1792 T1787 compound sex,reversal
R815 T1793 T1794 punct [,22
R816 T1794 T1787 parataxis 22,reversal
R817 T1795 T1794 nummod 21,22
R818 T1796 T1794 punct ",",22
R819 T1797 T1794 punct ],22
R820 T1798 T1778 punct ", ",causes
R821 T1799 T1800 mark whereas,leads
R822 T1800 T1778 advcl leads,causes
R823 T1801 T1800 csubj increasing,leads
R824 T1802 T1803 det the,dose
R825 T1803 T1801 dobj dose,increasing
R826 T1804 T1803 prep of,dose
R827 T1805 T1804 pobj Sox9,of
R828 T1806 T1803 prep in,dose
R829 T1807 T1808 det the,gonad
R830 T1808 T1806 pobj gonad,in
R831 T1809 T1808 compound XX,gonad
R832 T1810 T1800 prep to,leads
R833 T1811 T1812 compound testis,development
R834 T1812 T1810 pobj development,to
R835 T1813 T1814 punct [,23
R836 T1814 T1800 parataxis 23,leads
R837 T1815 T1816 punct –,25
R838 T1816 T1814 prep 25,23
R839 T1817 T1814 punct ],23
R840 T1818 T1778 punct .,causes
R841 T1820 T1821 det These,studies
R842 T1859 T1860 prep In,regulated
R843 T1821 T1822 nsubj studies,indicate
R844 T1823 T1824 mark that,plays
R845 T1861 T1859 pobj mammals,In
R846 T1862 T1860 punct ", ",regulated
R847 T1824 T1822 ccomp plays,indicate
R848 T1863 T1860 nsubjpass Sox9,regulated
R849 T1864 T1860 auxpass is,regulated
R850 T1825 T1824 nsubj Sox9,plays
R851 T1865 T1860 advmod up,regulated
R852 T1866 T1860 punct -,regulated
R853 T1867 T1868 advmod immediately,initiates
R854 T1868 T1860 advcl initiates,regulated
R855 T1826 T1827 det a,role
R856 T1869 T1868 mark after,initiates
R857 T1870 T1871 compound Sry,expression
R858 T1871 T1868 nsubj expression,initiates
R859 T1827 T1824 dobj role,plays
R860 T1872 T1860 punct .,regulated
R861 T1828 T1827 amod central,role
R862 T1874 T1875 nsubj Experiments,demonstrated
R863 T1876 T1874 acl tracing,Experiments
R864 T1829 T1824 prep in,plays
R865 T1877 T1878 nmod Sry,cells
R866 T1878 T1876 dobj cells,tracing
R867 T1830 T1831 compound sex,determination
R868 T1879 T1877 punct -,Sry
R869 T1880 T1877 amod expressing,Sry
R870 T1831 T1829 pobj determination,in
R871 T1881 T1876 advcl using,tracing
R872 T1882 T1883 det a,reporter
R873 T1832 T1822 punct .,indicate
R874 T1883 T1881 dobj reporter,using
R875 T1884 T1883 amod stable,reporter
R876 T1885 T1886 mark that,are
R877 T1834 T1835 prep Unlike,known
R878 T1886 T1875 ccomp are,demonstrated
R879 T1887 T1888 mark once,established
R880 T1888 T1886 advcl established,are
R881 T1889 T1890 compound testis,differentiation
R882 T1836 T1834 pobj Sry,Unlike
R883 T1890 T1888 nsubjpass differentiation,established
R884 T1891 T1888 auxpass is,established
R885 T1892 T1886 punct ", ",are
R886 T1893 T1894 det all,cells
R887 T1894 T1886 nsubj cells,are
R888 T1895 T1894 compound Sertoli,cells
R889 T1837 T1836 punct ", ",Sry
R890 T1896 T1897 dep that,express
R891 T1897 T1894 relcl express,cells
R892 T1898 T1897 dobj Sox9,express
R893 T1899 T1886 attr descendants,are
R894 T1838 T1839 dep which,is
R895 T1900 T1899 prep of,descendants
R896 T1901 T1900 pobj cells,of
R897 T1902 T1903 dep that,expressed
R898 T1839 T1836 relcl is,Sry
R899 T1903 T1901 relcl expressed,cells
R900 T1904 T1903 aux have,expressed
R901 T1840 T1839 acomp specific,is
R902 T1905 T1903 dobj Sry,expressed
R903 T1906 T1907 punct [,16
R904 T1907 T1886 parataxis 16,are
R905 T1841 T1840 prep to,specific
R906 T1908 T1907 punct ],16
R907 T1909 T1875 punct ", ",demonstrated
R908 T1910 T1875 advcl suggesting,demonstrated
R909 T1842 T1841 pobj mammals,to
R910 T1843 T1835 punct ", ",known
R911 T1911 T1912 mark that,is
R912 T1844 T1835 nsubjpass expression,known
R913 T1912 T1910 ccomp is,suggesting
R914 T1913 T1912 nsubj activation,is
R915 T1914 T1913 prep of,activation
R916 T1845 T1844 prep of,expression
R917 T1915 T1914 pobj Sox9,of
R918 T1916 T1917 det a,effect
R919 T1846 T1845 pobj Sox9,of
R920 T1917 T1912 attr effect,is
R921 T1918 T1919 npadvmod cell,autonomous
R922 T1847 T1835 auxpass is,known
R923 T1919 T1917 amod autonomous,effect
R925 T1848 T1849 aux to,conserved
R926 T1921 T1917 prep of,effect
R927 T1922 T1921 pobj Sry,of
R928 T1923 T1875 punct .,demonstrated
R929 T1849 T1835 xcomp conserved,known
R931 T1850 T1849 auxpass be,conserved
R932 T1927 T1926 punct ", ",resulted
R933 T1851 T1849 prep in,conserved
R934 T1928 T1926 nsubj mutations,resulted
R935 T1852 T1853 det the,gonad
R936 T1929 T1928 prep in,mutations
R937 T1930 T1931 amod several,pathways
R938 T1853 T1851 pobj gonad,in
R939 T1931 T1929 pobj pathways,in
R940 T1932 T1931 compound signaling,pathways
R941 T1854 T1853 prep of,gonad
R942 T1933 T1931 prep including,pathways
R943 T1934 T1933 pobj Fgf9,including
R944 T1855 T1856 amod many,species
R945 T1935 T1934 cc and,Fgf9
R946 T1936 T1937 compound Igf1r,Ir
R947 T1937 T1934 conj Ir,Fgf9
R948 T1856 T1854 pobj species,of
R949 T1938 T1937 punct /,Ir
R950 T1939 T1937 compound Irr,Ir
R951 T1940 T1937 punct /,Ir
R952 T1857 T1835 punct .,known
R953 T1941 T1937 punct (,Ir
R954 T1942 T1943 npadvmod insulin,like
R955 T1943 T1945 amod like,receptor
R956 T1964 T1960 cc and,loss
R957 T1944 T1943 punct -,like
R958 T1945 T1937 appos receptor,Ir
R959 T1946 T1947 nmod growth,factor
R960 T1947 T1945 nmod factor,receptor
R961 T1965 T1966 amod partial,reversal
R962 T1948 T1947 nummod 1,factor
R963 T1949 T1945 punct /,receptor
R964 T1950 T1951 compound insulin,receptor
R965 T1966 T1960 conj reversal,loss
R966 T1951 T1952 npadvmod receptor,related
R967 T1952 T1954 amod related,receptor
R968 T1953 T1952 punct -,related
R969 T1967 T1965 cc or,partial
R970 T1954 T1945 appos receptor,receptor
R971 T1955 T1945 punct /,receptor
R972 T1956 T1957 compound insulin,receptor
R973 T1968 T1965 conj complete,partial
R974 T1957 T1945 appos receptor,receptor
R975 T1958 T1937 punct ),Ir
R976 T1969 T1966 compound sex,reversal
R977 T1959 T1926 prep in,resulted
R978 T1960 T1959 pobj loss,in
R979 T1961 T1960 prep of,loss
R980 T1970 T1971 punct [,27
R981 T1962 T1963 compound Sox9,expression
R982 T1963 T1961 pobj expression,of
R983 T1971 T1926 parataxis 27,resulted
R984 T1972 T1971 nummod 26,27
R985 T1973 T1971 punct ",",27
R986 T1974 T1971 punct ],27
R987 T2070 T2065 advcl expressed,becomes
R988 T2071 T2070 nsubjpass Sry,expressed
R989 T2072 T2070 auxpass is,expressed
R990 T2073 T2044 punct .,expressed
R991 T1975 T1926 punct ", ",resulted
R992 T2075 T2076 prep In,becomes
R993 T1976 T1926 advcl suggesting,resulted
R994 T2077 T2078 det a,manner
R995 T1977 T1978 mark that,play
R996 T2078 T2075 pobj manner,In
R997 T1978 T1976 ccomp play,suggesting
R998 T2079 T2078 amod reciprocal,manner
R999 T2080 T2076 punct ", ",becomes
R1000 T1979 T1980 amod extracellular,pathways
R1001 T2081 T2076 nsubj expression,becomes
R1002 T2082 T2081 prep of,expression
R1003 T1980 T1978 nsubj pathways,play
R1004 T2083 T2082 pobj Wnt4,of
R1005 T2084 T2083 punct ", ",Wnt4
R1006 T2085 T2086 dep which,is
R1007 T1981 T1980 compound signaling,pathways
R1008 T2086 T2083 relcl is,Wnt4
R1009 T2087 T2086 advmod also,is
R1010 T1982 T1983 det a,role
R1011 T2088 T2086 advmod initially,is
R1012 T2089 T2086 acomp common,is
R1013 T1983 T1978 dobj role,play
R1014 T2090 T2089 prep to,common
R1015 T2091 T2090 pobj gonads,to
R1016 T2092 T2091 prep of,gonads
R1017 T1984 T1983 amod significant,role
R1018 T2093 T2094 det both,sexes
R1019 T2094 T2092 pobj sexes,of
R1020 T2095 T2076 punct ", ",becomes
R1021 T1985 T1978 prep during,play
R1022 T2096 T2097 amod female,specific
R1023 T2097 T2076 acomp specific,becomes
R1024 T2098 T2097 punct -,specific
R1025 T1986 T1987 amod primary,sex
R1026 T2099 T2100 punct [,8
R1027 T2100 T2076 parataxis 8,becomes
R1028 T2101 T2100 punct ],8
R1029 T1987 T1988 compound sex,determination
R1030 T2102 T2076 punct .,becomes
R1031 T1988 T1985 pobj determination,during
R1032 T2104 T2105 compound XX,gonads
R1033 T2105 T2106 nsubj gonads,display
R1034 T1989 T1926 punct .,resulted
R1035 T2107 T2105 prep with,gonads
R1036 T2108 T2109 det a,mutation
R1037 T1991 T1992 nsubj Mice,display
R1038 T2109 T2107 pobj mutation,with
R1039 T2110 T2109 amod null,mutation
R1040 T2111 T2109 prep in,mutation
R1041 T2112 T2111 pobj Wnt4,in
R1042 T2113 T2114 det some,aspects
R1043 T2114 T2106 dobj aspects,display
R1044 T2115 T2114 amod obvious,aspects
R1045 T2116 T2114 prep of,aspects
R1046 T1993 T1991 amod homozygous,Mice
R1047 T2117 T2118 amod testicular,differentiation
R1048 T2118 T2116 pobj differentiation,of
R1049 T2119 T2120 punct [,28
R1050 T2120 T2106 parataxis 28,display
R1051 T1994 T1993 prep for,homozygous
R1052 T2121 T2120 punct ],28
R1053 T1995 T1996 det a,mutation
R1054 T2122 T2106 punct .,display
R1055 T2124 T2125 prep Based,imply
R1056 T1996 T1994 pobj mutation,for
R1057 T2126 T2124 prep on,Based
R1058 T2127 T2128 det the,theory
R1059 T2128 T2126 pobj theory,on
R1060 T1997 T1996 amod null,mutation
R1061 T2129 T2130 mark that,initiate
R1062 T2130 T2128 acl initiate,theory
R1063 T2131 T2132 compound Sertoli,cells
R1064 T1998 T1996 prep in,mutation
R1065 T2132 T2130 nsubj cells,initiate
R1066 T2133 T2134 det all,differentiation
R1067 T1999 T1998 pobj Fgf9,in
R1068 T2134 T2130 dobj differentiation,initiate
R1069 T2135 T2134 amod downstream,differentiation
R1070 T2136 T2134 amod testicular,differentiation
R1071 T2000 T2001 amod male,reversal
R1072 T2137 T2125 punct ", ",imply
R1073 T2138 T2125 nsubj this,imply
R1074 T2139 T2125 aux might,imply
R1075 T2001 T1992 dobj reversal,display
R1076 T2140 T2141 mark that,initiated
R1077 T2141 T2125 ccomp initiated,imply
R1078 T2142 T2143 compound Sertoli,differentiation
R1079 T2143 T2141 nsubjpass differentiation,initiated
R1080 T2002 T2000 punct -,male
R1081 T2144 T2141 aux had,initiated
R1082 T2145 T2141 auxpass been,initiated
R1083 T2146 T2141 prep in,initiated
R1084 T2003 T2000 prep to,male
R1085 T2147 T2148 nmod Wnt4,gonads
R1086 T2148 T2146 pobj gonads,in
R1087 T2004 T2003 punct -,to
R1088 T2149 T2147 punct −,Wnt4
R1089 T2150 T2147 punct /,Wnt4
R1090 T2151 T2147 punct −,Wnt4
R1091 T2005 T2003 amod female,to
R1092 T2152 T2148 compound XX,gonads
R1093 T2153 T2125 punct .,imply
R1094 T2155 T2156 advmod However,detected
R1095 T2006 T2001 compound sex,reversal
R1096 T2157 T2156 punct ", ",detected
R1097 T2158 T2156 nsubjpass expression,detected
R1098 T2159 T2158 prep of,expression
R1099 T2007 T2001 acl caused,reversal
R1100 T2160 T2161 compound Sertoli,cell
R1101 T2161 T2162 compound cell,markers
R1102 T2162 T2159 pobj markers,of
R1103 T2163 T2156 auxpass was,detected
R1104 T2008 T2007 agent by,caused
R1105 T2164 T2156 neg not,detected
R1106 T2009 T2008 pobj disruption,by
R1107 T2010 T2009 prep of,disruption
R1108 T2165 T2156 advmod previously,detected
R1109 T2166 T2156 prep in,detected
R1110 T2011 T2012 det all,events
R1111 T2167 T2168 det these,mutants
R1112 T2168 T2166 pobj mutants,in
R1113 T2169 T2156 prep during,detected
R1114 T2012 T2010 pobj events,of
R1115 T2170 T2171 amod fetal,stages
R1116 T2171 T2169 pobj stages,during
R1117 T2172 T2173 punct [,29
R1118 T2013 T2014 npadvmod testis,specific
R1119 T2173 T2156 parataxis 29,detected
R1120 T2174 T2173 nummod 8,29
R1121 T2014 T2012 amod specific,events
R1122 T2175 T2173 punct ",",29
R1123 T2015 T2014 punct -,specific
R1124 T2016 T2012 amod cellular,events
R1125 T2017 T2012 punct ", ",events
R1126 T2018 T2012 prep including,events
R1127 T2176 T2173 punct ],29
R1128 T2177 T2156 punct ", ",detected
R1129 T2019 T2020 compound cell,proliferation
R1130 T2178 T2156 advcl leading,detected
R1131 T2179 T2178 prep to,leading
R1132 T2020 T2018 pobj proliferation,including
R1133 T2180 T2181 det the,conclusion
R1134 T2181 T2179 pobj conclusion,to
R1135 T2021 T2020 punct ", ",proliferation
R1136 T2182 T2183 mark that,involved
R1137 T2183 T2181 acl involved,conclusion
R1138 T2184 T2183 nsubjpass Wnt4,involved
R1139 T2022 T2023 amod mesonephric,cell
R1140 T2185 T2183 auxpass was,involved
R1141 T2186 T2183 neg not,involved
R1142 T2187 T2183 prep in,involved
R1143 T2023 T2024 compound cell,migration
R1144 T2188 T2189 amod primary,sex
R1145 T2189 T2190 compound sex,determination
R1146 T2190 T2187 pobj determination,in
R1147 T2191 T2190 prep in,determination
R1148 T2192 T2193 det the,gonad
R1149 T2193 T2191 pobj gonad,in
R1150 T2194 T2156 punct .,detected
R1151 T2024 T2020 conj migration,proliferation
R1152 T2196 T2197 aux To,integrate
R1153 T2025 T2024 punct ", ",migration
R1154 T2197 T2198 advcl integrate,investigated
R1155 T2199 T2200 det these,findings
R1156 T2026 T2027 compound testis,cord
R1157 T2200 T2197 dobj findings,integrate
R1158 T2201 T2198 punct ", ",investigated
R1159 T2027 T2028 compound cord,formation
R1160 T2202 T2198 nsubj we,investigated
R1161 T2203 T2204 det the,relationship
R1162 T2204 T2198 dobj relationship,investigated
R1163 T2028 T2024 conj formation,migration
R1164 T2205 T2204 amod genetic,relationship
R1165 T2029 T2028 punct ", ",formation
R1166 T2206 T2204 prep of,relationship
R1167 T2207 T2206 pobj Sry,of
R1168 T2208 T2207 punct ", ",Sry
R1169 T2209 T2207 conj Sox9,Sry
R1170 T2030 T2028 cc and,formation
R1171 T2210 T2209 punct ", ",Sox9
R1172 T2211 T2209 conj Fgf9,Sox9
R1173 T2212 T2211 punct ", ",Fgf9
R1174 T2031 T2032 det the,differentiation
R1175 T2032 T2028 conj differentiation,formation
R1176 T2213 T2211 cc and,Fgf9
R1177 T2214 T2211 conj Wnt4,Fgf9
R1178 T2033 T2032 prep of,differentiation
R1179 T2215 T2204 prep in,relationship
R1180 T2216 T2217 det the,network
R1181 T2034 T2035 compound Sertoli,cells
R1182 T2217 T2215 pobj network,in
R1183 T2218 T2217 amod regulatory,network
R1184 T2219 T2220 dep that,governs
R1185 T2035 T2033 pobj cells,of
R1186 T2220 T2217 relcl governs,network
R1187 T2221 T2222 det the,field
R1188 T2036 T2037 punct [,27
R1189 T2222 T2220 dobj field,governs
R1190 T2223 T2222 amod gonadal,field
R1191 T2224 T2198 punct .,investigated
R1192 T2037 T1992 parataxis 27,display
R1193 T2226 T2227 nsubj We,show
R1194 T2038 T2037 nummod 26,27
R1195 T2227 T2228 ccomp show,maintained
R1196 T2039 T2037 punct ",",27
R1197 T2229 T2230 mark that,affect
R1198 T2230 T2227 ccomp affect,show
R1199 T2231 T2232 det the,loss
R1200 T2232 T2230 nsubj loss,affect
R1201 T2233 T2232 prep of,loss
R1202 T2234 T2233 pobj Fgf9,of
R1203 T2040 T2037 punct ],27
R1204 T2235 T2232 prep in,loss
R1205 T2236 T2237 amod homozygous,mutant
R1206 T2237 T2238 compound mutant,gonads
R1207 T2041 T1992 punct .,display
R1208 T2238 T2235 pobj gonads,in
R1209 T2239 T2238 compound XY,gonads
R1210 T2043 T2044 nsubjpass Fgf9,expressed
R1211 T2240 T2230 aux does,affect
R1212 T2241 T2230 neg not,affect
R1213 T2242 T2243 det the,expression
R1214 T2243 T2230 dobj expression,affect
R1215 T2045 T2043 punct ", ",Fgf9
R1216 T2244 T2243 prep of,expression
R1217 T2245 T2244 pobj SRY,of
R1218 T2246 T2243 cc or,expression
R1219 T2046 T2043 prep like,Fgf9
R1220 T2247 T2248 det the,regulation
R1221 T2047 T2046 pobj many,like
R1222 T2048 T2047 prep of,many
R1223 T2248 T2243 conj regulation,expression
R1224 T2249 T2248 amod initial,regulation
R1225 T2049 T2050 det the,signals
R1226 T2250 T2248 amod up,regulation
R1227 T2251 T2248 punct -,regulation
R1228 T2050 T2048 pobj signals,of
R1229 T2252 T2248 prep of,regulation
R1230 T2253 T2252 pobj SOX9,of
R1231 T2254 T2228 punct ;,maintained
R1232 T2051 T2050 amod founding,signals
R1233 T2255 T2228 advmod however,maintained
R1234 T2256 T2228 punct ", ",maintained
R1235 T2257 T2258 compound SOX9,expression
R1236 T2052 T2050 prep in,signals
R1237 T2258 T2228 nsubjpass expression,maintained
R1238 T2259 T2228 auxpass is,maintained
R1239 T2053 T2054 det the,gonads
R1240 T2260 T2228 neg not,maintained
R1241 T2261 T2228 prep in,maintained
R1242 T2262 T2263 det the,gonads
R1243 T2054 T2052 pobj gonads,in
R1244 T2263 T2261 pobj gonads,in
R1245 T2264 T2263 nmod Fgf9,gonads
R1246 T2055 T2044 punct ", ",expressed
R1247 T2265 T2264 punct −,Fgf9
R1248 T2266 T2264 punct /,Fgf9
R1249 T2267 T2264 punct −,Fgf9
R1250 T2268 T2263 compound mutant,gonads
R1251 T2269 T2228 punct ", ",maintained
R1252 T2056 T2044 auxpass is,expressed
R1253 T2270 T2228 cc and,maintained
R1254 T2271 T2272 compound testis,differentiation
R1255 T2272 T2273 nsubjpass differentiation,aborted
R1256 T2273 T2228 conj aborted,maintained
R1257 T2057 T2044 advmod initially,expressed
R1258 T2274 T2273 auxpass is,aborted
R1259 T2275 T2228 punct .,maintained
R1260 T2058 T2044 prep in,expressed
R1261 T2277 T2278 nsubj We,demonstrate
R1262 T2059 T2058 pobj gonads,in
R1263 T2279 T2278 advmod also,demonstrate
R1264 T2280 T2281 mark that,represses
R1265 T2281 T2278 ccomp represses,demonstrate
R1266 T2060 T2059 prep of,gonads
R1267 T2061 T2062 det both,sexes
R1268 T2062 T2060 pobj sexes,of
R1269 T2282 T2281 nsubj FGF9,represses
R1270 T2063 T2044 punct ", ",expressed
R1271 T2283 T2284 det the,gene
R1272 T2284 T2281 dobj gene,represses
R1273 T2064 T2044 cc but,expressed
R1274 T2285 T2286 npadvmod ovary,promoting
R1275 T2286 T2284 amod promoting,gene
R1276 T2065 T2044 conj becomes,expressed
R1277 T2287 T2286 punct -,promoting
R1278 T2288 T2284 punct ", ",gene
R1279 T2066 T2067 amod male,specific
R1280 T2289 T2284 appos Wnt4,gene
R1281 T2290 T2278 punct .,demonstrate
R1282 T2067 T2065 acomp specific,becomes
R1283 T2292 T2293 nsubj We,hypothesize
R1284 T2068 T2067 punct -,specific
R1285 T2294 T2295 mark that,functions
R1286 T2295 T2293 ccomp functions,hypothesize
R1287 T2069 T2070 mark after,expressed
R1288 T2296 T2295 nsubj FGF9,functions
R1289 T2297 T2295 prep in,functions
R1290 T2298 T2299 det a,loop
R1291 T2388 T2389 det this,data
R1292 T2299 T2297 pobj loop,in
R1293 T2300 T2299 nmod feed,loop
R1294 T2301 T2300 punct -,feed
R1295 T2302 T2300 advmod forward,feed
R1296 T2303 T2304 aux to,expand
R1297 T2389 T2387 pobj data,on
R1298 T2304 T2295 advcl expand,functions
R1299 T2305 T2306 compound Sertoli,cells
R1300 T2306 T2304 dobj cells,expand
R1301 T2390 T2389 amod genetic,data
R1302 T2307 T2306 compound precursor,cells
R1303 T2308 T2306 punct ", ",cells
R1304 T2309 T2310 dep which,secrete
R1305 T2310 T2306 relcl secrete,cells
R1306 T2311 T2310 dobj FGF9,secrete
R1307 T2391 T2390 cc and,genetic
R1308 T2312 T2304 punct ", ",expand
R1309 T2313 T2304 prep to,expand
R1310 T2314 T2315 det a,number
R1311 T2392 T2393 advmod in,vitro
R1312 T2315 T2313 pobj number,to
R1313 T2393 T2390 conj vitro,genetic
R1314 T2316 T2315 amod critical,number
R1315 T2394 T2386 punct ", ",suggest
R1316 T2317 T2315 compound threshold,number
R1317 T2318 T2315 amod sufficient,number
R1318 T2319 T2320 aux to,suppress
R1319 T2395 T2386 nsubj we,suggest
R1320 T2320 T2318 xcomp suppress,sufficient
R1321 T2321 T2320 dobj Wnt4,suppress
R1322 T2322 T2293 punct .,hypothesize
R1323 T2396 T2397 mark that,controlled
R1324 T2324 T2325 nsubj This,stabilizes
R1325 T2397 T2386 ccomp controlled,suggest
R1326 T2326 T2325 advmod directly,stabilizes
R1327 T2327 T2326 cc or,directly
R1328 T2398 T2399 det the,plasticity
R1329 T2328 T2326 conj indirectly,directly
R1330 T2329 T2330 compound SOX9,expression
R1331 T2330 T2325 dobj expression,stabilizes
R1332 T2331 T2325 cc and,stabilizes
R1333 T2399 T2397 nsubjpass plasticity,controlled
R1334 T2332 T2325 conj secures,stabilizes
R1335 T2333 T2334 det the,fate
R1336 T2400 T2399 prep of,plasticity
R1337 T2334 T2332 dobj fate,secures
R1338 T2335 T2334 amod male,fate
R1339 T2401 T2402 det the,gonad
R1340 T2336 T2334 prep of,fate
R1341 T2337 T2338 det the,gonad
R1342 T2402 T2400 pobj gonad,of
R1343 T2338 T2336 pobj gonad,of
R1344 T2339 T2325 punct .,stabilizes
R1345 T2403 T2402 amod bipotential,gonad
R1346 T2341 T2342 nsubj WNT4,seems
R1347 T2343 T2344 aux to,oppose
R1348 T2404 T2397 auxpass is,controlled
R1349 T2344 T2342 xcomp oppose,seems
R1350 T2345 T2346 det the,pathway
R1351 T2346 T2344 dobj pathway,oppose
R1352 T2405 T2397 agent by,controlled
R1353 T2347 T2346 amod male,pathway
R1354 T2348 T2344 prep by,oppose
R1355 T2349 T2348 pcomp repressing,by
R1356 T2350 T2349 dobj expression,repressing
R1357 T2351 T2350 prep of,expression
R1358 T2406 T2407 advmod mutually,antagonistic
R1359 T2352 T2351 pobj SOX9,of
R1360 T2353 T2352 cc and,SOX9
R1361 T2354 T2352 conj FGF9,SOX9
R1362 T2407 T2408 amod antagonistic,signals
R1363 T2355 T2342 punct .,seems
R1364 T2357 T2358 advmod Surprisingly,activated
R1365 T2408 T2405 pobj signals,by
R1366 T2359 T2358 punct ", ",activated
R1367 T2409 T2408 prep between,signals
R1368 T2360 T2361 det both,genes
R1369 T2361 T2358 nsubjpass genes,activated
R1370 T2362 T2361 amod male,genes
R1371 T2410 T2409 pobj FGF9,between
R1372 T2363 T2361 compound pathway,genes
R1373 T2364 T2358 auxpass are,activated
R1374 T2365 T2358 advmod transiently,activated
R1375 T2411 T2410 cc and,FGF9
R1376 T2366 T2358 prep in,activated
R1377 T2367 T2368 nmod Wnt4,gonads
R1378 T2368 T2366 pobj gonads,in
R1379 T2369 T2367 punct −,Wnt4
R1380 T2412 T2410 conj WNT4,FGF9
R1381 T2370 T2367 punct /,Wnt4
R1382 T2371 T2367 punct −,Wnt4
R1383 T2413 T2408 prep in,signals
R1384 T2372 T2368 compound XX,gonads
R1385 T2373 T2358 prep in,activated
R1386 T2374 T2375 det the,absence
R1387 T2414 T2415 det the,field
R1388 T2375 T2373 pobj absence,in
R1389 T2376 T2375 prep of,absence
R1390 T2415 T2413 pobj field,in
R1391 T2377 T2378 det the,gene
R1392 T2378 T2376 pobj gene,of
R1393 T2379 T2380 npadvmod Y,linked
R1394 T2416 T2415 amod gonadal,field
R1395 T2380 T2378 amod linked,gene
R1396 T2381 T2380 punct -,linked
R1397 T2382 T2378 appos Sry,gene
R1398 T2417 T2386 punct .,suggest
R1399 T2383 T2358 punct .,activated
R1400 T2385 T2386 prep Based,suggest
R1401 T2419 T2420 det These,signals
R1402 T2387 T2385 prep on,Based
R1403 T2420 T2421 nsubj signals,coordinate
R1404 T2422 T2423 advmod sexually,dimorphic
R1405 T2423 T2424 amod dimorphic,patterns
R1406 T2424 T2421 dobj patterns,coordinate
R1407 T2425 T2424 prep of,patterns
R1408 T2426 T2425 pobj growth,of
R1409 T2427 T2426 punct ", ",growth
R1410 T2428 T2426 conj morphogenesis,growth
R1411 T2429 T2428 punct ", ",morphogenesis
R1412 T2430 T2428 cc and,morphogenesis
R1413 T2431 T2432 amod cellular,differentiation
R1414 T2432 T2428 conj differentiation,morphogenesis
R1415 T2433 T2421 punct .,coordinate
R1416 T2598 T2599 advmod Early,Expression
R1417 T2599 T2601 nsubj Expression,Resolves
R1418 T2600 T2599 amod Bipotential,Expression
R1419 T2602 T2599 prep of,Expression
R1420 T2603 T2602 pobj FGF9,of
R1421 T2604 T2601 prep to,Resolves
R1422 T2605 T2606 det an,Pattern
R1423 T2606 T2604 pobj Pattern,to
R1424 T2607 T2608 npadvmod XY,Specific
R1425 T2608 T2606 amod Specific,Pattern
R1426 T2609 T2608 punct -,Specific
R1427 T2610 T2601 prep by,Resolves
R1428 T2611 T2612 nummod 12.5,dpc
R1429 T2612 T2610 pobj dpc,by
R1430 T2614 T2615 advcl Using,examined
R1431 T2616 T2617 det an,antibody
R1432 T2617 T2614 dobj antibody,Using
R1433 T2618 T2617 amod specific,antibody
R1434 T2619 T2618 prep to,specific
R1435 T2620 T2619 pobj FGF9,to
R1436 T2621 T2615 punct ", ",examined
R1437 T2622 T2615 nsubj we,examined
R1438 T2623 T2615 dobj expression,examined
R1439 T2624 T2615 prep during,examined
R1440 T2625 T2626 amod normal,development
R1441 T2626 T2624 pobj development,during
R1442 T2627 T2626 compound gonad,development
R1443 T2628 T2615 punct .,examined
R1444 T2630 T2631 compound FGF9,protein
R1445 T2631 T2632 nsubjpass protein,distributed
R1446 T2633 T2632 auxpass was,distributed
R1447 T2634 T2632 prep throughout,distributed
R1448 T2635 T2636 det the,gonad
R1449 T2636 T2634 pobj gonad,throughout
R1450 T2637 T2638 nummod 11.5,dpc
R1451 T2638 T2636 compound dpc,gonad
R1452 T2639 T2632 prep in,distributed
R1453 T2640 T2641 det both,sexes
R1454 T2641 T2639 pobj sexes,in
R1455 T2642 T2643 punct (,1A
R1456 T2643 T2632 parataxis 1A,distributed
R1457 T2644 T2643 compound Figure,1A
R1458 T2645 T2643 cc and,1A
R1459 T2646 T2643 conj 1B,1A
R1460 T2647 T2643 punct ),1A
R1461 T2648 T2632 punct .,distributed
R1462 T2650 T2651 advmod However,detected
R1463 T2652 T2651 punct ", ",detected
R1464 T2653 T2651 prep by,detected
R1465 T2654 T2655 nummod 12.5,dpc
R1466 T2655 T2653 pobj dpc,by
R1467 T2656 T2651 punct ", ",detected
R1468 T2657 T2651 nsubjpass FGF9,detected
R1469 T2658 T2651 auxpass was,detected
R1470 T2659 T2660 advmod only,in
R1471 T2660 T2651 prep in,detected
R1472 T2661 T2662 compound XY,gonads
R1473 T2662 T2660 pobj gonads,in
R1474 T2663 T2662 prep in,gonads
R1475 T2664 T2665 nummod two,domains
R1476 T2665 T2663 pobj domains,in
R1477 T2666 T2665 punct : ,domains
R1478 T2667 T2665 prep in,domains
R1479 T2668 T2667 pobj cells,in
R1480 T2669 T2668 prep near,cells
R1481 T2670 T2671 det the,surface
R1482 T2671 T2669 pobj surface,near
R1483 T2672 T2671 prep of,surface
R1484 T2673 T2672 pobj gonads,of
R1485 T2674 T2667 cc and,in
R1486 T2675 T2667 conj in,in
R1487 T2676 T2675 pobj cells,in
R1488 T2677 T2676 acl located,cells
R1489 T2678 T2677 prep within,located
R1490 T2679 T2680 compound testis,cords
R1491 T2680 T2678 pobj cords,within
R1492 T2681 T2651 punct .,detected
R1493 T2683 T2684 det This,pattern
R1494 T2684 T2689 nsubjpass pattern,maintained
R1495 T2685 T2686 npadvmod sex,specific
R1496 T2686 T2684 amod specific,pattern
R1497 T2687 T2686 punct -,specific
R1498 T2688 T2684 compound expression,pattern
R1499 T2690 T2689 auxpass was,maintained
R1500 T2691 T2689 prep in,maintained
R1501 T2692 T2691 pobj gonads,in
R1502 T2693 T2692 prep at,gonads
R1503 T2694 T2695 nummod 13.5,dpc
R1504 T2695 T2693 pobj dpc,at
R1505 T2696 T2697 punct (,1C
R1506 T2697 T2689 parataxis 1C,maintained
R1507 T2698 T2697 compound Figure,1C
R1508 T2699 T2700 punct –,1F
R1509 T2700 T2697 prep 1F,1C
R1510 T2701 T2697 punct ),1C
R1511 T2702 T2689 punct .,maintained
R1512 T2704 T2705 compound FGF9,expression
R1513 T2705 T2706 nsubjpass expression,localized
R1514 T2707 T2705 prep within,expression
R1515 T2708 T2709 compound testis,cords
R1516 T2709 T2707 pobj cords,within
R1517 T2710 T2706 auxpass was,localized
R1518 T2711 T2706 prep to,localized
R1519 T2712 T2713 compound Sertoli,cells
R1520 T2713 T2711 pobj cells,to
R1521 T2714 T2706 cc and,localized
R1522 T2715 T2706 conj excluded,localized
R1523 T2716 T2715 prep from,excluded
R1524 T2717 T2718 compound germ,cells
R1525 T2718 T2716 pobj cells,from
R1526 T2719 T2715 prep based,excluded
R1527 T2720 T2719 prep on,based
R1528 T2721 T2722 det the,molecule
R1529 T2722 T2720 pobj molecule,on
R1530 T2723 T2724 nmod germ,cell
R1531 T2724 T2725 nmod cell,membrane
R1532 T2725 T2726 nmod membrane,marker
R1533 T2726 T2722 nmod marker,molecule
R1534 T2727 T2722 nmod platelet,molecule
R1535 T2728 T2722 punct /,molecule
R1536 T2729 T2722 amod endothelial,molecule
R1537 T2730 T2731 compound cell,adhesion
R1538 T2731 T2722 compound adhesion,molecule
R1539 T2732 T2722 punct (,molecule
R1540 T2733 T2722 appos PECAM,molecule
R1541 T2734 T2722 punct ),molecule
R1542 T2735 T2736 punct (,1D
R1543 T2736 T2715 parataxis 1D,excluded
R1544 T2737 T2736 compound Figure,1D
R1545 T2738 T2736 cc and,1D
R1546 T2739 T2736 conj 1F,1D
R1547 T2740 T2736 punct ),1D
R1548 T2741 T2706 punct .,localized
R1549 T2743 T2744 aux To,confirm
R1550 T2744 T2745 advcl confirm,examined
R1551 T2746 T2747 det this,result
R1552 T2747 T2744 dobj result,confirm
R1553 T2748 T2745 punct ", ",examined
R1554 T2749 T2745 nsubj we,examined
R1555 T2750 T2751 amod agametic,gonads
R1556 T2751 T2745 dobj gonads,examined
R1557 T2752 T2751 prep from,gonads
R1558 T2753 T2754 nmod Kit W,Wv
R1559 T2754 T2756 nmod Wv,compound
R1560 T2755 T2754 punct /,Wv
R1561 T2756 T2757 nmod compound,embryos
R1562 T2757 T2752 pobj embryos,from
R1563 T2758 T2757 amod heterozygous,embryos
R1564 T2759 T2757 punct ", ",embryos
R1565 T2760 T2761 dep which,develop
R1566 T2761 T2757 relcl develop,embryos
R1567 T2762 T2763 compound testis,cords
R1568 T2763 T2761 dobj cords,develop
R1569 T2764 T2763 acl containing,cords
R1570 T2765 T2766 compound Sertoli,cells
R1571 T2766 T2764 dobj cells,containing
R1572 T2767 T2764 advmod only,containing
R1573 T2768 T2745 punct .,examined
R1574 T2770 T2771 nsubj FGF9,was
R1575 T2772 T2771 acomp detectable,was
R1576 T2773 T2771 prep at,was
R1577 T2774 T2775 amod normal,levels
R1578 T2775 T2773 pobj levels,at
R1579 T2776 T2771 prep in,was
R1580 T2777 T2778 compound testis,cords
R1581 T2778 T2776 pobj cords,in
R1582 T2779 T2778 prep in,cords
R1583 T2780 T2781 compound XY,gonads
R1584 T2781 T2779 pobj gonads,in
R1585 T2782 T2783 compound Kit W,Wv
R1586 T2783 T2781 compound Wv,gonads
R1587 T2784 T2783 punct /,Wv
R1588 T2785 T2781 punct ", ",gonads
R1589 T2786 T2787 advmod where,verified
R1590 T2787 T2781 relcl verified,gonads
R1591 T2788 T2789 compound alkaline,phosphatase
R1592 T2789 T2790 compound phosphatase,staining
R1593 T2790 T2787 nsubj staining,verified
R1594 T2791 T2792 det the,absence
R1595 T2792 T2787 dobj absence,verified
R1596 T2793 T2792 prep of,absence
R1597 T2794 T2795 compound germ,cells
R1598 T2795 T2793 pobj cells,of
R1599 T2796 T2797 punct (,1G
R1600 T2797 T2771 parataxis 1G,was
R1601 T2798 T2797 compound Figure,1G
R1602 T2799 T2800 punct –,1J
R1603 T2800 T2797 prep 1J,1G
R1604 T2801 T2771 punct ),was
R1605 T2802 T2771 punct ", ",was
R1606 T2803 T2771 advcl indicating,was
R1607 T2804 T2805 mark that,expressed
R1608 T2805 T2803 advcl expressed,indicating
R1609 T2806 T2805 nsubjpass FGF9,expressed
R1610 T2807 T2805 auxpass is,expressed
R1611 T2808 T2805 prep by,expressed
R1612 T2809 T2810 compound Sertoli,cells
R1613 T2810 T2808 pobj cells,by
R1614 T2811 T2805 punct ", ",expressed
R1615 T2812 T2805 cc and,expressed
R1616 T2813 T2814 mark that,is
R1617 T2814 T2805 conj is,expressed
R1618 T2815 T2816 poss its,expression
R1619 T2816 T2814 nsubj expression,is
R1620 T2817 T2814 neg not,is
R1621 T2818 T2814 acomp dependent,is
R1622 T2819 T2818 prep on,dependent
R1623 T2820 T2821 det the,presence
R1624 T2821 T2819 pobj presence,on
R1625 T2822 T2821 prep of,presence
R1626 T2823 T2824 compound germ,cells
R1627 T2824 T2822 pobj cells,of
R1628 T2825 T2771 punct .,was
R1629 T2827 T2828 prep In,was
R1630 T2829 T2827 pobj summary,In
R1631 T2830 T2828 punct ", ",was
R1632 T2831 T2832 compound FGF9,expression
R1633 T2832 T2828 nsubj expression,was
R1634 T2833 T2828 acomp present,was
R1635 T2834 T2828 prep in,was
R1636 T2835 T2836 preconj both,gonads
R1637 T2836 T2834 pobj gonads,in
R1638 T2837 T2836 nmod XX,gonads
R1639 T2838 T2837 cc and,XX
R1640 T2839 T2837 conj XY,XX
R1641 T2840 T2828 prep at,was
R1642 T2841 T2842 amod bipotential,stages
R1643 T2842 T2840 pobj stages,at
R1644 T2843 T2828 punct ", ",was
R1645 T2844 T2828 cc and,was
R1646 T2845 T2828 conj became,was
R1647 T2846 T2845 acomp restricted,became
R1648 T2847 T2846 prep to,restricted
R1649 T2848 T2849 compound XY,gonads
R1650 T2849 T2847 pobj gonads,to
R1651 T2850 T2851 mark as,proceeded
R1652 T2851 T2845 advcl proceeded,became
R1653 T2852 T2853 compound testis,differentiation
R1654 T2853 T2851 nsubj differentiation,proceeded
R1655 T2854 T2828 punct .,was
R1658 T3068 T3069 compound Sry,Expression
R1659 T3069 T3070 nsubj Expression,Is
R1660 T3071 T3070 acomp Normal,Is
R1661 T3072 T3070 prep in,Is
R1662 T3073 T3074 amod Homozygous,Null
R1663 T3074 T3075 amod Null,Gonads
R1664 T3075 T3072 pobj Gonads,in
R1665 T3076 T3075 compound Fgf9,Gonads
R1666 T3077 T3075 compound XY,Gonads
R1667 T3079 T3080 det The,expression
R1668 T3080 T3082 nsubj expression,raised
R1669 T3081 T3080 amod early,expression
R1670 T3083 T3080 prep of,expression
R1671 T3084 T3083 pobj Fgf9,of
R1672 T3085 T3080 prep in,expression
R1673 T3086 T3087 amod bipotential,gonads
R1674 T3087 T3085 pobj gonads,in
R1675 T3088 T3089 det the,question
R1676 T3089 T3082 dobj question,raised
R1677 T3090 T3089 prep of,question
R1678 T3091 T3092 mark whether,is
R1679 T3092 T3090 pcomp is,of
R1680 T3093 T3092 nsubj Fgf9,is
R1681 T3094 T3095 det an,regulator
R1682 T3095 T3092 attr regulator,is
R1683 T3096 T3095 amod upstream,regulator
R1684 T3097 T3095 prep of,regulator
R1685 T3098 T3097 pobj Sry,of
R1686 T3099 T3082 punct .,raised
R1687 T3101 T3102 aux To,investigate
R1688 T3102 T3103 advcl investigate,mated
R1689 T3104 T3105 det this,possibility
R1690 T3105 T3102 dobj possibility,investigate
R1691 T3106 T3103 punct ", ",mated
R1692 T3107 T3103 nsubj we,mated
R1693 T3108 T3109 nmod Fgf9,−
R1694 T3109 T3112 punct −,mice
R1695 T3110 T3109 punct +,−
R1696 T3111 T3109 punct /,−
R1697 T3112 T3103 dobj mice,mated
R1698 T3113 T3103 prep with,mated
R1699 T3114 T3115 det a,line
R1700 T3115 T3113 pobj line,with
R1701 T3116 T3115 amod transgenic,line
R1702 T3117 T3115 compound reporter,line
R1703 T3118 T3119 dep that,carries
R1704 T3119 T3115 relcl carries,line
R1705 T3120 T3121 det an,transgene
R1706 T3121 T3119 dobj transgene,carries
R1707 T3122 T3123 amod enhanced,protein
R1708 T3123 T3121 nmod protein,transgene
R1709 T3124 T3125 amod green,fluorescent
R1710 T3125 T3123 amod fluorescent,protein
R1711 T3126 T3123 punct (,protein
R1712 T3127 T3123 appos EGFP,protein
R1713 T3128 T3123 punct ),protein
R1714 T3129 T3121 acl driven,transgene
R1715 T3130 T3129 prep by,driven
R1716 T3131 T3132 det the,promoter
R1717 T3132 T3130 pobj promoter,by
R1718 T3133 T3132 compound Sry,promoter
R1719 T3134 T3135 compound Sry,EGFP
R1720 T3135 T3132 appos EGFP,promoter
R1721 T3136 T3135 punct -,EGFP
R1722 T3137 T3103 punct .,mated
R1723 T3139 T3140 prep At,represents
R1724 T3141 T3142 amod early,stages
R1725 T3142 T3139 pobj stages,At
R1726 T3143 T3140 punct ", ",represents
R1727 T3144 T3145 det this,transgene
R1728 T3145 T3140 nsubj transgene,represents
R1729 T3146 T3147 det the,pattern
R1730 T3147 T3140 dobj pattern,represents
R1731 T3148 T3147 prep of,pattern
R1732 T3149 T3150 amod endogenous,Sry
R1733 T3150 T3151 compound Sry,expression
R1734 T3151 T3148 pobj expression,of
R1735 T3152 T3153 punct [,2
R1736 T3153 T3140 parataxis 2,represents
R1737 T3154 T3153 punct ],2
R1738 T3155 T3140 punct .,represents
R1739 T3157 T3158 det The,expression
R1740 T3158 T3159 nsubjpass expression,detected
R1741 T3160 T3158 prep of,expression
R1742 T3161 T3162 det the,reporter
R1743 T3162 T3160 pobj reporter,of
R1744 T3163 T3162 compound EGFP,reporter
R1745 T3164 T3159 auxpass was,detected
R1746 T3165 T3159 prep in,detected
R1747 T3166 T3167 nmod Fgf9,gonads
R1748 T3167 T3165 pobj gonads,in
R1749 T3168 T3166 punct −,Fgf9
R1750 T3169 T3166 punct /,Fgf9
R1751 T3170 T3166 punct −,Fgf9
R1752 T3171 T3167 compound XY,gonads
R1753 T3172 T3167 amod comparable,gonads
R1754 T3173 T3172 prep to,comparable
R1755 T3174 T3175 nmod Fgf9,controls
R1756 T3175 T3173 pobj controls,to
R1757 T3176 T3174 punct +,Fgf9
R1758 T3177 T3174 punct /,Fgf9
R1759 T3178 T3174 punct −,Fgf9
R1760 T3179 T3175 compound littermate,controls
R1761 T3180 T3181 punct (,2A
R1762 T3181 T3159 parataxis 2A,detected
R1763 T3182 T3181 compound Figure,2A
R1764 T3183 T3181 cc and,2A
R1765 T3184 T3181 conj 2B,2A
R1766 T3185 T3159 punct ),detected
R1767 T3186 T3159 punct ", ",detected
R1768 T3187 T3159 advcl suggesting,detected
R1769 T3188 T3189 mark that,is
R1770 T3189 T3187 ccomp is,suggesting
R1771 T3190 T3191 amod transcriptional,regulation
R1772 T3191 T3189 nsubj regulation,is
R1773 T3192 T3191 prep of,regulation
R1774 T3193 T3192 pobj Sry,of
R1775 T3194 T3189 acomp independent,is
R1776 T3195 T3194 prep of,independent
R1777 T3196 T3195 pobj Fgf9,of
R1778 T3197 T3159 punct .,detected
R1779 T3199 T3200 compound Sex,reversal
R1780 T3200 T3201 nsubjpass reversal,caused
R1781 T3202 T3201 auxpass is,caused
R1782 T3203 T3204 preconj not,by
R1783 T3204 T3201 prep by,caused
R1784 T3205 T3203 advmod only,not
R1785 T3206 T3207 det the,loss
R1786 T3207 T3204 pobj loss,by
R1787 T3208 T3207 prep of,loss
R1788 T3209 T3210 amod normal,levels
R1789 T3210 T3208 pobj levels,of
R1790 T3211 T3210 prep of,levels
R1791 T3212 T3213 compound Sry,expression
R1792 T3213 T3211 pobj expression,of
R1793 T3214 T3215 punct [,31
R1794 T3215 T3204 parataxis 31,by
R1795 T3216 T3215 nummod 30,31
R1796 T3217 T3215 punct ",",31
R1797 T3218 T3215 punct ],31
R1798 T3219 T3204 punct ", ",by
R1799 T3220 T3204 cc but,by
R1800 T3221 T3220 advmod also,but
R1801 T3222 T3204 conj by,by
R1802 T3223 T3222 pobj mutations,by
R1803 T3224 T3223 acl disrupting,mutations
R1804 T3225 T3226 compound SRY,import
R1805 T3226 T3224 dobj import,disrupting
R1806 T3227 T3226 prep into,import
R1807 T3228 T3229 det the,nucleus
R1808 T3229 T3227 pobj nucleus,into
R1809 T3230 T3231 punct [,32
R1810 T3231 T3201 parataxis 32,caused
R1811 T3232 T3231 punct ],32
R1812 T3233 T3201 punct .,caused
R1813 T3235 T3236 det The,transgene
R1814 T3236 T3237 nsubj transgene,reflect
R1815 T3238 T3236 punct ", ",transgene
R1816 T3239 T3240 compound Sry,EGFP
R1817 T3240 T3236 appos EGFP,transgene
R1818 T3241 T3240 punct -,EGFP
R1819 T3242 T3237 punct ", ",reflect
R1820 T3243 T3237 aux does,reflect
R1821 T3244 T3237 neg not,reflect
R1822 T3245 T3246 det the,distribution
R1823 T3246 T3237 dobj distribution,reflect
R1824 T3247 T3246 amod intracellular,distribution
R1825 T3248 T3246 prep of,distribution
R1826 T3249 T3250 det the,protein
R1827 T3250 T3248 pobj protein,of
R1828 T3251 T3250 compound SRY,protein
R1829 T3252 T3237 punct .,reflect
R1830 T3254 T3255 aux To,investigate
R1831 T3255 T3256 advcl investigate,bred
R1832 T3257 T3258 det this,aspect
R1833 T3258 T3255 dobj aspect,investigate
R1834 T3259 T3258 prep of,aspect
R1835 T3260 T3261 compound SRY,regulation
R1836 T3261 T3259 pobj regulation,of
R1837 T3262 T3256 punct ", ",bred
R1838 T3263 T3256 nsubj we,bred
R1839 T3264 T3265 nmod Fgf9,mice
R1840 T3265 T3256 dobj mice,bred
R1841 T3266 T3264 punct +,Fgf9
R1842 T3267 T3264 punct /,Fgf9
R1843 T3268 T3264 punct −,Fgf9
R1844 T3269 T3256 prep with,bred
R1845 T3270 T3271 det another,line
R1846 T3271 T3269 pobj line,with
R1847 T3272 T3273 compound Sry,reporter
R1848 T3273 T3271 compound reporter,line
R1849 T3274 T3271 compound mouse,line
R1850 T3275 T3271 acl carrying,line
R1851 T3276 T3277 det a,transgene
R1852 T3277 T3275 dobj transgene,carrying
R1853 T3278 T3279 npadvmod Myc,tagged
R1854 T3279 T3277 amod tagged,transgene
R1855 T3280 T3279 punct -,tagged
R1856 T3281 T3277 compound Sry,transgene
R1857 T3282 T3277 punct ", ",transgene
R1858 T3283 T3277 appos Sry Myc,transgene
R1859 T3284 T3277 punct ", ",transgene
R1860 T3285 T3286 dep which,recapitulates
R1861 T3286 T3277 relcl recapitulates,transgene
R1862 T3287 T3288 det the,pattern
R1863 T3288 T3286 dobj pattern,recapitulates
R1864 T3289 T3288 amod endogenous,pattern
R1865 T3290 T3288 amod intracellular,pattern
R1866 T3291 T3292 compound SRY,expression
R1867 T3292 T3288 compound expression,pattern
R1868 T3293 T3294 punct [,16
R1869 T3294 T3256 parataxis 16,bred
R1870 T3295 T3294 punct ],16
R1871 T3296 T3256 punct .,bred
R1872 T3298 T3299 advcl Using,was
R1873 T3300 T3301 det an,antibody
R1874 T3301 T3298 dobj antibody,Using
R1875 T3302 T3301 prep against,antibody
R1876 T3303 T3304 compound c,MYC
R1877 T3304 T3302 pobj MYC,against
R1878 T3305 T3304 punct -,MYC
R1879 T3306 T3299 punct ", ",was
R1880 T3307 T3308 det the,expression
R1881 T3308 T3299 nsubj expression,was
R1882 T3309 T3308 cc and,expression
R1883 T3310 T3311 amod nuclear,localization
R1884 T3311 T3308 conj localization,expression
R1885 T3312 T3308 prep of,expression
R1886 T3313 T3312 pobj SRY MYC,of
R1887 T3314 T3308 prep in,expression
R1888 T3315 T3316 nmod Sry Myc,gonads
R1889 T3316 T3314 pobj gonads,in
R1890 T3317 T3315 punct ;,Sry Myc
R1891 T3318 T3315 appos Fgf9,Sry Myc
R1892 T3319 T3318 punct −,Fgf9
R1893 T3320 T3318 punct /,Fgf9
R1894 T3321 T3318 punct −,Fgf9
R1895 T3322 T3299 acomp indistinguishable,was
R1896 T3323 T3322 prep from,indistinguishable
R1897 T3324 T3325 compound littermate,controls
R1898 T3325 T3323 pobj controls,from
R1899 T3326 T3327 punct (,2C
R1900 T3327 T3299 parataxis 2C,was
R1901 T3328 T3327 compound Figure,2C
R1902 T3329 T3327 cc and,2C
R1903 T3330 T3327 conj 2D,2C
R1904 T3331 T3327 punct ),2C
R1905 T3332 T3299 punct .,was
R1906 T3334 T3335 det These,data
R1907 T3335 T3336 nsubj data,provide
R1908 T3337 T3335 acl using,data
R1909 T3338 T3339 nummod two,lines
R1910 T3339 T3337 dobj lines,using
R1911 T3340 T3339 amod different,lines
R1912 T3341 T3342 npadvmod Sry,transgenic
R1913 T3342 T3339 amod transgenic,lines
R1914 T3343 T3339 compound reporter,lines
R1915 T3344 T3336 dobj evidence,provide
R1916 T3345 T3346 mark that,is
R1917 T3346 T3344 acl is,evidence
R1918 T3347 T3348 compound Sry,expression
R1919 T3348 T3346 nsubj expression,is
R1920 T3349 T3346 neg not,is
R1921 T3350 T3346 acomp dependent,is
R1922 T3351 T3350 prep on,dependent
R1923 T3352 T3351 pobj Fgf9,on
R1924 T3353 T3336 punct .,provide
R1925 T3355 T3356 advmod Therefore,act
R1926 T3357 T3356 punct ", ",act
R1927 T3358 T3359 compound Fgf9,signaling
R1928 T3359 T3356 nsubj signaling,act
R1929 T3360 T3356 aux must,act
R1930 T3361 T3356 prep in,act
R1931 T3362 T3361 pobj parallel,in
R1932 T3363 T3361 cc and,in
R1933 T3364 T3363 punct /,and
R1934 T3365 T3363 cc or,and
R1935 T3366 T3361 conj downstream,in
R1936 T3367 T3366 prep of,downstream
R1937 T3368 T3367 pobj Sry,of
R1938 T3369 T3370 aux to,regulate
R1939 T3370 T3356 advcl regulate,act
R1940 T3371 T3372 compound testis,development
R1941 T3372 T3370 dobj development,regulate
R1942 T3373 T3356 punct .,act
R1945 T3596 T3597 nsubj FGF9,Regulate
R1946 T3598 T3597 aux Can,Regulate
R1947 T3599 T3597 advmod Up,Regulate
R1948 T3600 T3597 punct -,Regulate
R1949 T3601 T3602 compound SOX9,Expression
R1950 T3602 T3597 dobj Expression,Regulate
R1951 T3604 T3605 prep In,observe
R1952 T3606 T3607 poss our,study
R1953 T3607 T3604 pobj study,In
R1954 T3608 T3607 amod previous,study
R1955 T3609 T3605 nsubj we,observe
R1956 T3610 T3605 aux did,observe
R1957 T3611 T3605 neg not,observe
R1958 T3612 T3613 compound SOX9,expression
R1959 T3613 T3605 dobj expression,observe
R1960 T3614 T3605 prep at,observe
R1961 T3615 T3616 nummod 12.5,dpc
R1962 T3616 T3614 pobj dpc,at
R1963 T3617 T3605 prep in,observe
R1964 T3618 T3619 nmod Fgf9,gonads
R1965 T3619 T3617 pobj gonads,in
R1966 T3620 T3618 punct −,Fgf9
R1967 T3621 T3618 punct /,Fgf9
R1968 T3622 T3618 punct −,Fgf9
R1969 T3623 T3619 compound XY,gonads
R1970 T3624 T3625 dep that,fail
R1971 T3625 T3619 relcl fail,gonads
R1972 T3626 T3627 aux to,develop
R1973 T3627 T3625 xcomp develop,fail
R1974 T3628 T3627 prep into,develop
R1975 T3629 T3630 amod normal,testes
R1976 T3630 T3628 pobj testes,into
R1977 T3631 T3632 punct [,26
R1978 T3632 T3605 parataxis 26,observe
R1979 T3633 T3632 punct ],26
R1980 T3634 T3605 punct .,observe
R1981 T3636 T3637 advmod However,be
R1982 T3638 T3637 punct ", ",be
R1983 T3639 T3640 det the,loss
R1984 T3640 T3637 nsubj loss,be
R1985 T3641 T3640 prep of,loss
R1986 T3642 T3643 compound SOX9,expression
R1987 T3643 T3641 pobj expression,of
R1988 T3644 T3640 prep at,loss
R1989 T3645 T3646 nummod 12.5,dpc
R1990 T3646 T3644 pobj dpc,at
R1991 T3647 T3637 aux could,be
R1992 T3648 T3649 det a,consequence
R1993 T3649 T3637 attr consequence,be
R1994 T3650 T3649 prep of,consequence
R1995 T3651 T3652 det the,loss
R1996 T3652 T3650 pobj loss,of
R1997 T3653 T3652 prep of,loss
R1998 T3654 T3655 compound Sertoli,differentiation
R1999 T3655 T3653 pobj differentiation,of
R2000 T3656 T3657 advmod rather,than
R2001 T3657 T3649 cc than,consequence
R2002 T3658 T3659 det a,reflection
R2003 T3659 T3649 conj reflection,consequence
R2004 T3660 T3659 prep of,reflection
R2005 T3661 T3662 det the,interaction
R2006 T3662 T3660 pobj interaction,of
R2007 T3663 T3662 amod genetic,interaction
R2008 T3664 T3662 prep between,interaction
R2009 T3665 T3664 pobj FGF9,between
R2010 T3666 T3665 cc and,FGF9
R2011 T3667 T3665 conj SOX9,FGF9
R2012 T3668 T3637 punct .,be
R2013 T3670 T3671 advmod Normally,expressed
R2014 T3672 T3671 punct ", ",expressed
R2015 T3673 T3671 nsubjpass Sox9,expressed
R2016 T3674 T3671 auxpass is,expressed
R2017 T3675 T3671 advmod weakly,expressed
R2018 T3676 T3671 prep in,expressed
R2019 T3677 T3678 amod wild,type
R2020 T3678 T3680 nmod type,ridges
R2021 T3679 T3678 punct -,type
R2022 T3680 T3676 pobj ridges,in
R2023 T3681 T3680 amod genital,ridges
R2024 T3682 T3680 prep of,ridges
R2025 T3683 T3684 preconj both,XX
R2026 T3684 T3685 nmod XX,embryos
R2027 T3685 T3682 pobj embryos,of
R2028 T3686 T3684 cc and,XX
R2029 T3687 T3684 conj XY,XX
R2030 T3688 T3685 prep at,embryos
R2031 T3689 T3690 nummod 10.5,dpc
R2032 T3690 T3688 pobj dpc,at
R2033 T3691 T3671 cc and,expressed
R2034 T3692 T3671 punct ", ",expressed
R2035 T3693 T3694 prep after,regulated
R2036 T3694 T3671 conj regulated,expressed
R2037 T3695 T3696 det the,onset
R2038 T3696 T3693 pobj onset,after
R2039 T3697 T3696 prep of,onset
R2040 T3698 T3699 compound Sry,expression
R2041 T3699 T3697 pobj expression,of
R2042 T3700 T3694 punct ", ",regulated
R2043 T3701 T3694 auxpass is,regulated
R2044 T3702 T3694 advmod up,regulated
R2045 T3703 T3694 punct -,regulated
R2046 T3704 T3694 prep in,regulated
R2047 T3705 T3706 compound XY,gonads
R2048 T3706 T3704 pobj gonads,in
R2049 T3707 T3708 punct [,16
R2050 T3708 T3694 parataxis 16,regulated
R2051 T3709 T3708 nummod 5,16
R2052 T3710 T3708 punct ",",16
R2053 T3711 T3708 nummod 33,16
R2054 T3712 T3708 punct ",",16
R2055 T3713 T3708 punct ],16
R2056 T3714 T3671 punct .,expressed
R2057 T3716 T3717 mark As,indicated
R2058 T3717 T3719 advcl indicated,investigated
R2059 T3718 T3717 nsubj results,indicated
R2060 T3720 T3721 mark that,functioned
R2061 T3721 T3717 ccomp functioned,indicated
R2062 T3722 T3721 nsubj Fgf9,functioned
R2063 T3723 T3724 advmod downstream,Sry
R2064 T3724 T3721 dobj Sry,functioned
R2065 T3725 T3723 prep of,downstream
R2066 T3726 T3724 punct ", ",Sry
R2067 T3727 T3724 cc or,Sry
R2068 T3728 T3724 prep in,Sry
R2069 T3729 T3728 pobj parallel,in
R2070 T3730 T3729 prep with,parallel
R2071 T3731 T3719 punct ", ",investigated
R2072 T3732 T3719 nsubj we,investigated
R2073 T3733 T3734 mark whether,involved
R2074 T3734 T3719 ccomp involved,investigated
R2075 T3735 T3734 nsubjpass Fgf9,involved
R2076 T3736 T3734 auxpass was,involved
R2077 T3737 T3734 prep in,involved
R2078 T3738 T3739 det the,regulation
R2079 T3739 T3737 pobj regulation,in
R2080 T3740 T3739 amod up,regulation
R2081 T3741 T3739 punct -,regulation
R2082 T3742 T3739 prep of,regulation
R2083 T3743 T3744 compound Sox9,expression
R2084 T3744 T3742 pobj expression,of
R2085 T3745 T3719 punct .,investigated
R2086 T3747 T3748 amod Primary,cell
R2087 T3748 T3749 nmod cell,culture
R2088 T3749 T3750 nmod culture,systems
R2089 T3750 T3754 nsubjpass systems,used
R2090 T3751 T3749 cc and,culture
R2091 T3752 T3753 compound gonad,culture
R2092 T3753 T3749 conj culture,culture
R2093 T3755 T3754 auxpass were,used
R2094 T3756 T3757 aux to,assess
R2095 T3757 T3754 advcl assess,used
R2096 T3758 T3759 compound Sox9,activation
R2097 T3759 T3757 dobj activation,assess
R2098 T3760 T3759 prep by,activation
R2099 T3761 T3762 amod exogenous,FGF9
R2100 T3762 T3760 pobj FGF9,by
R2101 T3763 T3754 punct .,used
R2102 T3765 T3766 prep For,isolated
R2103 T3767 T3768 advmod in,vitro
R2104 T3768 T3769 amod vitro,culture
R2105 T3769 T3765 pobj culture,For
R2106 T3770 T3769 compound cell,culture
R2107 T3771 T3766 punct ", ",isolated
R2108 T3772 T3766 nsubjpass cells,isolated
R2109 T3773 T3766 auxpass were,isolated
R2110 T3774 T3766 prep from,isolated
R2111 T3775 T3776 nummod 11.5,dpc
R2112 T3776 T3777 compound dpc,gonads
R2113 T3777 T3774 pobj gonads,from
R2114 T3778 T3777 amod free,gonads
R2115 T3779 T3778 prep of,free
R2116 T3780 T3779 pobj mesonephroi,of
R2117 T3781 T3766 punct ", ",isolated
R2118 T3782 T3766 cc and,isolated
R2119 T3783 T3766 conj cultured,isolated
R2120 T3784 T3783 prep on,cultured
R2121 T3785 T3786 amod extracellular,coverslips
R2122 T3786 T3784 pobj coverslips,on
R2123 T3787 T3788 npadvmod matrix,coated
R2124 T3788 T3786 amod coated,coverslips
R2125 T3789 T3788 punct -,coated
R2126 T3790 T3783 prep with,cultured
R2127 T3791 T3790 cc or,with
R2128 T3792 T3790 conj without,with
R2129 T3793 T3792 pobj addition,without
R2130 T3794 T3793 prep of,addition
R2131 T3795 T3796 amod purified,FGF9
R2132 T3796 T3794 pobj FGF9,of
R2133 T3797 T3793 prep in,addition
R2134 T3798 T3799 compound culture,media
R2135 T3799 T3797 pobj media,in
R2136 T3800 T3766 punct .,isolated
R2137 T3802 T3803 prep After,monitored
R2138 T3804 T3802 pobj culture,After
R2139 T3805 T3804 prep for,culture
R2140 T3806 T3807 nummod 24,h
R2141 T3807 T3805 pobj h,for
R2142 T3808 T3803 punct ", ",monitored
R2143 T3809 T3810 compound SOX9,expression
R2144 T3810 T3803 nsubjpass expression,monitored
R2145 T3811 T3803 auxpass was,monitored
R2146 T3812 T3803 prep by,monitored
R2147 T3813 T3814 det an,antibody
R2148 T3814 T3812 pobj antibody,by
R2149 T3815 T3814 amod specific,antibody
R2150 T3816 T3815 prep to,specific
R2151 T3817 T3816 pobj SOX9,to
R2152 T3818 T3803 prep in,monitored
R2153 T3819 T3820 compound XX,cells
R2154 T3820 T3818 pobj cells,in
R2155 T3821 T3820 cc and,cells
R2156 T3822 T3823 compound control,cells
R2157 T3823 T3820 conj cells,cells
R2158 T3824 T3823 compound XY,cells
R2159 T3825 T3803 punct .,monitored
R2160 T3827 T3828 amod Exogenous,FGF9
R2161 T3828 T3829 nsubj FGF9,increased
R2162 T3830 T3831 compound cell,number
R2163 T3831 T3829 dobj number,increased
R2164 T3832 T3829 prep in,increased
R2165 T3833 T3834 nmod XX,cell
R2166 T3834 T3837 compound cell,cultures
R2167 T3835 T3833 cc and,XX
R2168 T3836 T3833 conj XY,XX
R2169 T3837 T3832 pobj cultures,in
R2170 T3838 T3829 prep compared,increased
R2171 T3839 T3838 prep with,compared
R2172 T3840 T3839 pobj cells,with
R2173 T3841 T3840 prep in,cells
R2174 T3842 T3843 det a,culture
R2175 T3843 T3841 pobj culture,in
R2176 T3844 T3843 amod duplicate,culture
R2177 T3845 T3840 prep without,cells
R2178 T3846 T3847 compound FGF9,treatment
R2179 T3847 T3845 pobj treatment,without
R2180 T3848 T3849 punct (,data
R2181 T3849 T3829 meta data,increased
R2182 T3850 T3849 amod unpublished,data
R2183 T3851 T3849 punct ),data
R2184 T3852 T3829 punct ", ",increased
R2185 T3853 T3829 cc and,increased
R2186 T3854 T3829 conj caused,increased
R2187 T3855 T3856 det the,regulation
R2188 T3856 T3854 dobj regulation,caused
R2189 T3857 T3856 amod up,regulation
R2190 T3858 T3856 punct -,regulation
R2191 T3859 T3856 prep of,regulation
R2192 T3860 T3859 pobj SOX9,of
R2193 T3861 T3856 prep in,regulation
R2194 T3862 T3863 compound XX,cells
R2195 T3863 T3861 pobj cells,in
R2196 T3864 T3865 punct (,2E
R2197 T3865 T3854 parataxis 2E,caused
R2198 T3866 T3865 compound Figure,2E
R2199 T3867 T3868 punct –,2H
R2200 T3868 T3865 prep 2H,2E
R2201 T3869 T3865 punct ),2E
R2202 T3870 T3829 punct .,increased
R2203 T3872 T3873 amod Up,regulation
R2204 T3873 T3875 nsubjpass regulation,seen
R2205 T3874 T3873 punct -,regulation
R2206 T3876 T3873 prep of,regulation
R2207 T3877 T3876 pobj SOX9,of
R2208 T3878 T3875 aux had,seen
R2209 T3879 T3875 neg not,seen
R2210 T3880 T3875 advmod previously,seen
R2211 T3881 T3875 auxpass been,seen
R2212 T3882 T3875 prep in,seen
R2213 T3883 T3884 amod whole,gonads
R2214 T3884 T3882 pobj gonads,in
R2215 T3885 T3884 compound XX,gonads
R2216 T3886 T3884 acl cultured,gonads
R2217 T3887 T3886 prep with,cultured
R2218 T3888 T3889 amod exogenous,FGF9
R2219 T3889 T3887 pobj FGF9,with
R2220 T3890 T3891 punct [,9
R2221 T3891 T3875 parataxis 9,seen
R2222 T3892 T3891 punct ],9
R2223 T3893 T3875 punct .,seen
R2224 T3895 T3896 aux To,explain
R2225 T3896 T3897 advcl explain,reasoned
R2226 T3898 T3899 det the,difference
R2227 T3899 T3896 dobj difference,explain
R2228 T3900 T3899 prep between,difference
R2229 T3901 T3902 amod experimental,results
R2230 T3902 T3900 pobj results,between
R2231 T3903 T3902 prep from,results
R2232 T3904 T3905 amod dissociated,cells
R2233 T3905 T3903 pobj cells,from
R2234 T3906 T3905 nmod XX,cells
R2235 T3907 T3905 amod gonadal,cells
R2236 T3908 T3905 cc and,cells
R2237 T3909 T3910 compound XX,gonads
R2238 T3910 T3905 conj gonads,cells
R2239 T3911 T3897 punct ", ",reasoned
R2240 T3912 T3897 nsubj we,reasoned
R2241 T3913 T3914 mark that,be
R2242 T3914 T3897 advcl be,reasoned
R2243 T3915 T3916 det the,concentrations
R2244 T3916 T3914 nsubj concentrations,be
R2245 T3917 T3916 amod local,concentrations
R2246 T3918 T3916 prep of,concentrations
R2247 T3919 T3918 pobj FGF9,of
R2248 T3920 T3914 aux might,be
R2249 T3921 T3914 neg not,be
R2250 T3922 T3914 acomp high,be
R2251 T3923 T3922 advmod enough,high
R2252 T3924 T3925 aux to,override
R2253 T3925 T3922 xcomp override,high
R2254 T3926 T3927 compound blocking,signals
R2255 T3927 T3925 dobj signals,override
R2256 T3928 T3925 prep in,override
R2257 T3929 T3930 det the,gonad
R2258 T3930 T3928 pobj gonad,in
R2259 T3931 T3930 amod intact,gonad
R2260 T3932 T3930 compound XX,gonad
R2261 T3933 T3914 punct ", ",be
R2262 T3934 T3914 cc or,be
R2263 T3935 T3936 mark that,localized
R2264 T3936 T3914 conj localized,be
R2265 T3937 T3938 amod active,FGF9
R2266 T3938 T3936 nsubjpass FGF9,localized
R2267 T3939 T3936 auxpass was,localized
R2268 T3940 T3936 neg not,localized
R2269 T3941 T3936 advmod efficiently,localized
R2270 T3942 T3936 cc or,localized
R2271 T3943 T3936 conj presented,localized
R2272 T3944 T3943 prep in,presented
R2273 T3945 T3946 det the,matrix
R2274 T3946 T3944 pobj matrix,in
R2275 T3947 T3946 amod extracellular,matrix
R2276 T3948 T3946 prep of,matrix
R2277 T3949 T3950 det the,gonad
R2278 T3950 T3948 pobj gonad,of
R2279 T3951 T3950 compound XX,gonad
R2280 T3952 T3897 punct .,reasoned
R2281 T3954 T3955 aux To,test
R2282 T3955 T3956 advcl test,modified
R2283 T3957 T3958 det the,effect
R2284 T3958 T3955 dobj effect,test
R2285 T3959 T3958 amod local,effect
R2286 T3960 T3958 prep of,effect
R2287 T3961 T3960 pobj FGF9,of
R2288 T3962 T3956 punct ", ",modified
R2289 T3963 T3956 nsubj we,modified
R2290 T3964 T3965 det the,culture
R2291 T3965 T3956 dobj culture,modified
R2292 T3966 T3967 compound XX,gonad
R2293 T3967 T3965 compound gonad,culture
R2294 T3968 T3956 prep by,modified
R2295 T3969 T3970 advmod stably,immobilizing
R2296 T3970 T3968 pcomp immobilizing,by
R2297 T3971 T3970 dobj FGF9,immobilizing
R2298 T3972 T3971 punct ", ",FGF9
R2299 T3973 T3971 cc or,FGF9
R2300 T3974 T3971 conj BSA,FGF9
R2301 T3975 T3974 prep as,BSA
R2302 T3976 T3977 det a,control
R2303 T3977 T3975 pobj control,as
R2304 T3978 T3970 punct ", ",immobilizing
R2305 T3979 T3970 prep on,immobilizing
R2306 T3980 T3979 pobj beads,on
R2307 T3981 T3982 punct (,2I
R2308 T3982 T3956 parataxis 2I,modified
R2309 T3983 T3982 compound Figure,2I
R2310 T3984 T3985 punct –,2K
R2311 T3985 T3982 prep 2K,2I
R2312 T3986 T3982 punct ),2I
R2313 T3987 T3956 punct .,modified
R2314 T3989 T3990 prep Under,regulated
R2315 T3991 T3992 det these,conditions
R2316 T3992 T3989 pobj conditions,Under
R2317 T3993 T3990 punct ", ",regulated
R2318 T3994 T3995 compound SOX9,expression
R2319 T3995 T3990 nsubjpass expression,regulated
R2320 T3996 T3990 auxpass was,regulated
R2321 T3997 T3990 advmod up,regulated
R2322 T3998 T3990 punct -,regulated
R2323 T3999 T3990 advmod locally,regulated
R2324 T4000 T3990 prep in,regulated
R2325 T4001 T4000 pobj cells,in
R2326 T4002 T4001 prep near,cells
R2327 T4003 T4004 det the,surface
R2328 T4004 T4002 pobj surface,near
R2329 T4005 T4004 prep of,surface
R2330 T4006 T4007 det the,gonad
R2331 T4007 T4005 pobj gonad,of
R2332 T4008 T4007 compound XX,gonad
R2333 T4009 T4001 prep in,cells
R2334 T4010 T4009 pobj contact,in
R2335 T4011 T4010 prep with,contact
R2336 T4012 T4013 det the,bead
R2337 T4013 T4011 pobj bead,with
R2338 T4014 T4013 compound FGF9,bead
R2339 T4015 T4016 punct (,2K
R2340 T4016 T3990 parataxis 2K,regulated
R2341 T4017 T4016 compound Figure,2K
R2342 T4018 T4016 punct ),2K
R2343 T4019 T3990 punct .,regulated
R2344 T4021 T4022 advcl Taken,demonstrate
R2345 T4023 T4021 advmod together,Taken
R2346 T4024 T4022 punct ", ",demonstrate
R2347 T4025 T4026 det these,data
R2348 T4026 T4022 nsubj data,demonstrate
R2349 T4027 T4028 advmod in,vitro
R2350 T4028 T4026 amod vitro,data
R2351 T4029 T4030 mark that,induce
R2352 T4030 T4022 ccomp induce,demonstrate
R2353 T4031 T4032 amod ectopic,signaling
R2354 T4032 T4030 nsubj signaling,induce
R2355 T4033 T4032 compound FGF9,signaling
R2356 T4034 T4030 aux can,induce
R2357 T4035 T4036 compound SOX9,expression
R2358 T4036 T4030 dobj expression,induce
R2359 T4037 T4030 prep in,induce
R2360 T4038 T4039 nmod XX,cells
R2361 T4039 T4037 pobj cells,in
R2362 T4040 T4039 amod gonadal,cells
R2363 T4041 T4022 punct ", ",demonstrate
R2364 T4042 T4022 advcl suggesting,demonstrate
R2365 T4043 T4044 det a,interaction
R2366 T4044 T4042 dobj interaction,suggesting
R2367 T4045 T4044 amod positive,interaction
R2368 T4046 T4044 prep between,interaction
R2369 T4047 T4046 pobj Fgf9,between
R2370 T4048 T4047 cc and,Fgf9
R2371 T4049 T4047 conj Sox9,Fgf9
R2372 T4050 T4022 punct .,demonstrate
R2373 T4198 T4199 nsubjpass Fgf9,Required
R2374 T4200 T4199 auxpass Is,Required
R2375 T4201 T4199 prep for,Required
R2376 T4202 T4201 pcomp Maintaining,for
R2377 T4203 T4204 compound SOX9,Expression
R2378 T4204 T4202 dobj Expression,Maintaining
R2379 T4205 T4202 prep in,Maintaining
R2380 T4206 T4207 compound XY,Gonads
R2381 T4207 T4205 pobj Gonads,in
R2382 T4209 T4210 aux To,investigate
R2383 T4210 T4211 advcl investigate,assessed
R2384 T4212 T4213 mark whether,is
R2385 T4213 T4210 ccomp is,investigate
R2386 T4214 T4213 nsubj Fgf9,is
R2387 T4215 T4213 acomp essential,is
R2388 T4216 T4215 prep for,essential
R2389 T4217 T4218 det the,regulation
R2390 T4218 T4216 pobj regulation,for
R2391 T4219 T4218 amod up,regulation
R2392 T4220 T4218 punct -,regulation
R2393 T4221 T4218 prep of,regulation
R2394 T4222 T4221 pobj Sox9,of
R2395 T4223 T4224 advmod in,vivo
R2396 T4224 T4218 advmod vivo,regulation
R2397 T4225 T4211 punct ", ",assessed
R2398 T4226 T4211 nsubj we,assessed
R2399 T4227 T4228 compound SOX9,expression
R2400 T4228 T4211 dobj expression,assessed
R2401 T4229 T4211 prep in,assessed
R2402 T4230 T4231 nmod loss,gonads
R2403 T4231 T4229 pobj gonads,in
R2404 T4232 T4230 punct -,loss
R2405 T4233 T4230 prep of,loss
R2406 T4234 T4233 punct -,of
R2407 T4235 T4233 pobj function,of
R2408 T4236 T4231 nmod Fgf9,gonads
R2409 T4237 T4236 punct +,Fgf9
R2410 T4238 T4236 punct /,Fgf9
R2411 T4239 T4236 punct −,Fgf9
R2412 T4240 T4236 cc and,Fgf9
R2413 T4241 T4236 conj Fgf9,Fgf9
R2414 T4242 T4241 punct −,Fgf9
R2415 T4243 T4241 punct /,Fgf9
R2416 T4244 T4241 punct −,Fgf9
R2417 T4245 T4231 compound XY,gonads
R2418 T4246 T4231 prep at,gonads
R2419 T4247 T4248 quantmod 11.5,12.5
R2420 T4248 T4250 nummod 12.5,dpc
R2421 T4249 T4248 punct –,12.5
R2422 T4250 T4246 pobj dpc,at
R2423 T4251 T4252 punct (,3A
R2424 T4252 T4211 parataxis 3A,assessed
R2425 T4253 T4252 compound Figure,3A
R2426 T4254 T4255 punct –,3F
R2427 T4255 T4252 prep 3F,3A
R2428 T4256 T4252 punct ),3A
R2429 T4257 T4211 punct .,assessed
R2430 T4259 T4260 prep In,detected
R2431 T4261 T4262 amod wild,type
R2432 T4262 T4264 nmod type,gonads
R2433 T4263 T4262 punct -,type
R2434 T4264 T4259 pobj gonads,In
R2435 T4265 T4262 cc and,type
R2436 T4266 T4267 amod heterozygous,mutant
R2437 T4267 T4262 conj mutant,type
R2438 T4268 T4264 compound XY,gonads
R2439 T4269 T4264 prep at,gonads
R2440 T4270 T4271 nummod 11.5,dpc
R2441 T4271 T4269 pobj dpc,at
R2442 T4272 T4260 punct ", ",detected
R2443 T4273 T4260 nsubjpass SOX9,detected
R2444 T4274 T4260 auxpass was,detected
R2445 T4275 T4260 prep in,detected
R2446 T4276 T4277 det a,number
R2447 T4277 T4275 pobj number,in
R2448 T4278 T4277 amod small,number
R2449 T4279 T4277 prep of,number
R2450 T4280 T4279 pobj cells,of
R2451 T4281 T4277 prep in,number
R2452 T4282 T4283 det the,gonad
R2453 T4283 T4281 pobj gonad,in
R2454 T4284 T4285 punct (,3A
R2455 T4285 T4260 parataxis 3A,detected
R2456 T4286 T4285 compound Figure,3A
R2457 T4287 T4285 punct ),3A
R2458 T4288 T4260 punct .,detected
R2459 T4290 T4291 prep Over,accumulated
R2460 T4292 T4293 det the,h
R2461 T4293 T4290 pobj h,Over
R2462 T4294 T4293 amod next,h
R2463 T4295 T4293 nummod 6,h
R2464 T4296 T4293 prep of,h
R2465 T4297 T4296 pobj development,of
R2466 T4298 T4291 punct ", ",accumulated
R2467 T4299 T4300 amod nuclear,SOX9
R2468 T4300 T4291 nsubj SOX9,accumulated
R2469 T4301 T4291 advmod rapidly,accumulated
R2470 T4302 T4291 prep in,accumulated
R2471 T4303 T4302 pobj cells,in
R2472 T4304 T4291 prep toward,accumulated
R2473 T4305 T4306 det the,cortex
R2474 T4306 T4304 pobj cortex,toward
R2475 T4307 T4306 cc and,cortex
R2476 T4308 T4309 det the,poles
R2477 T4309 T4306 conj poles,cortex
R2478 T4310 T4309 amod anterior,poles
R2479 T4311 T4310 cc and,anterior
R2480 T4312 T4310 conj posterior,anterior
R2481 T4313 T4309 prep of,poles
R2482 T4314 T4315 det the,gonad
R2483 T4315 T4313 pobj gonad,of
R2484 T4316 T4291 punct ", ",accumulated
R2485 T4317 T4291 advcl replicating,accumulated
R2486 T4318 T4317 dobj patterns,replicating
R2487 T4319 T4320 advmod previously,reported
R2488 T4320 T4318 acl reported,patterns
R2489 T4321 T4320 prep for,reported
R2490 T4322 T4323 preconj both,Sry
R2491 T4323 T4324 nmod Sry,expression
R2492 T4324 T4321 pobj expression,for
R2493 T4325 T4323 cc and,Sry
R2494 T4326 T4323 conj Sox9,Sry
R2495 T4327 T4328 punct [,16
R2496 T4328 T4291 parataxis 16,accumulated
R2497 T4329 T4328 nummod 2,16
R2498 T4330 T4328 punct ",",16
R2499 T4331 T4328 punct ",",16
R2500 T4332 T4328 appos 34,16
R2501 T4333 T4334 punct –,36
R2502 T4334 T4332 prep 36,34
R2503 T4335 T4328 punct ],16
R2504 T4336 T4291 punct .,accumulated
R2505 T4338 T4339 det This,pattern
R2506 T4339 T4341 nsubjpass pattern,observed
R2507 T4340 T4339 amod unique,pattern
R2508 T4342 T4341 auxpass was,observed
R2509 T4343 T4341 advmod also,observed
R2510 T4344 T4341 prep in,observed
R2511 T4345 T4346 nmod Fgf9,gonads
R2512 T4346 T4344 pobj gonads,in
R2513 T4347 T4345 punct −,Fgf9
R2514 T4348 T4345 punct /,Fgf9
R2515 T4349 T4345 punct −,Fgf9
R2516 T4350 T4346 compound XY,gonads
R2517 T4351 T4352 punct (,3D
R2518 T4352 T4341 parataxis 3D,observed
R2519 T4353 T4352 compound Figure,3D
R2520 T4354 T4352 cc and,3D
R2521 T4355 T4352 conj 3E,3D
R2522 T4356 T4352 punct ),3D
R2523 T4357 T4341 punct .,observed
R2524 T4359 T4360 amod Somatic,cells
R2525 T4360 T4361 nsubj cells,were
R2526 T4362 T4360 prep within,cells
R2527 T4363 T4364 nmod Fgf9,gonads
R2528 T4364 T4362 pobj gonads,within
R2529 T4365 T4363 punct −,Fgf9
R2530 T4366 T4363 punct /,Fgf9
R2531 T4367 T4363 punct −,Fgf9
R2532 T4368 T4361 acomp positive,were
R2533 T4369 T4368 prep for,positive
R2534 T4370 T4369 pobj SOX9,for
R2535 T4371 T4361 prep at,were
R2536 T4372 T4373 nummod 11.5,dpc
R2537 T4373 T4371 pobj dpc,at
R2538 T4374 T4373 punct ", ",dpc
R2539 T4375 T4376 det the,stages
R2540 T4376 T4373 appos stages,dpc
R2541 T4377 T4376 amod earliest,stages
R2542 T4378 T4376 acl examined,stages
R2543 T4379 T4361 punct ", ",were
R2544 T4380 T4361 advcl demonstrating,were
R2545 T4381 T4382 mark that,disrupted
R2546 T4382 T4380 ccomp disrupted,demonstrating
R2547 T4383 T4384 amod initial,expression
R2548 T4384 T4382 nsubjpass expression,disrupted
R2549 T4385 T4384 cc and,expression
R2550 T4386 T4387 amod up,regulation
R2551 T4387 T4384 conj regulation,expression
R2552 T4388 T4387 punct -,regulation
R2553 T4389 T4384 prep of,expression
R2554 T4390 T4389 pobj SOX9,of
R2555 T4391 T4382 auxpass were,disrupted
R2556 T4392 T4382 neg not,disrupted
R2557 T4393 T4382 prep in,disrupted
R2558 T4394 T4395 nmod Fgf9,mutant
R2559 T4395 T4399 compound mutant,gonads
R2560 T4396 T4394 punct −,Fgf9
R2561 T4397 T4394 punct /,Fgf9
R2562 T4398 T4394 punct −,Fgf9
R2563 T4399 T4393 pobj gonads,in
R2564 T4400 T4399 compound XY,gonads
R2565 T4401 T4402 amod prior,to
R2566 T4402 T4382 prep to,disrupted
R2567 T4403 T4404 nummod 12.0,dpc
R2568 T4404 T4402 pobj dpc,to
R2569 T4405 T4361 punct .,were
R2570 T4407 T4408 advmod Notably,was
R2571 T4409 T4408 punct ", ",was
R2572 T4410 T4408 prep in,was
R2573 T4411 T4412 nmod Fgf9,gonads
R2574 T4412 T4410 pobj gonads,in
R2575 T4413 T4411 punct −,Fgf9
R2576 T4414 T4411 punct /,Fgf9
R2577 T4415 T4411 punct −,Fgf9
R2578 T4416 T4412 compound XY,gonads
R2579 T4417 T4408 punct ", ",was
R2580 T4418 T4408 nsubj SOX9,was
R2581 T4419 T4420 neg no,longer
R2582 T4420 T4408 advmod longer,was
R2583 T4421 T4408 acomp detectable,was
R2584 T4422 T4408 prep by,was
R2585 T4423 T4424 nummod 12.5,dpc
R2586 T4424 T4422 pobj dpc,by
R2587 T4425 T4408 punct ", ",was
R2588 T4426 T4408 cc and,was
R2589 T4427 T4428 compound Sertoli,cells
R2590 T4428 T4430 nsubj cells,began
R2591 T4429 T4428 compound precursor,cells
R2592 T4430 T4408 conj began,was
R2593 T4431 T4430 neg never,began
R2594 T4432 T4433 aux to,organize
R2595 T4433 T4430 xcomp organize,began
R2596 T4434 T4433 prep into,organize
R2597 T4435 T4436 amod normal,structures
R2598 T4436 T4434 pobj structures,into
R2599 T4437 T4436 compound testis,structures
R2600 T4438 T4436 compound cord,structures
R2601 T4439 T4440 punct (,3F
R2602 T4440 T4408 parataxis 3F,was
R2603 T4441 T4440 compound Figure,3F
R2604 T4442 T4440 punct ),3F
R2605 T4443 T4408 punct .,was
R2606 T4445 T4446 det These,data
R2607 T4446 T4447 nsubj data,indicate
R2608 T4448 T4449 mark that,is
R2609 T4449 T4447 ccomp is,indicate
R2610 T4450 T4451 mark although,required
R2611 T4451 T4449 advcl required,is
R2612 T4452 T4451 nsubjpass Fgf9,required
R2613 T4453 T4451 auxpass is,required
R2614 T4454 T4451 neg not,required
R2615 T4455 T4451 prep for,required
R2616 T4456 T4457 det the,regulation
R2617 T4457 T4455 pobj regulation,for
R2618 T4458 T4457 amod up,regulation
R2619 T4459 T4457 punct -,regulation
R2620 T4460 T4457 prep of,regulation
R2621 T4461 T4460 pobj Sox9,of
R2622 T4462 T4463 advmod in,vivo
R2623 T4463 T4457 advmod vivo,regulation
R2624 T4464 T4449 punct ", ",is
R2625 T4465 T4449 nsubj it,is
R2626 T4466 T4449 acomp indispensable,is
R2627 T4467 T4468 aux to,maintain
R2628 T4468 T4449 advcl maintain,is
R2629 T4469 T4470 compound Sox9,expression
R2630 T4470 T4468 dobj expression,maintain
R2631 T4471 T4468 prep in,maintain
R2632 T4472 T4473 compound Sertoli,cells
R2633 T4473 T4471 pobj cells,in
R2634 T4474 T4473 compound precursor,cells
R2635 T4475 T4447 punct .,indicate
R2636 T4674 T4675 nsubjpass Sox9,Required
R2637 T4676 T4675 auxpass Is,Required
R2638 T4677 T4675 prep for,Required
R2639 T4678 T4679 nmod Fgf9,Regulation
R2640 T4679 T4677 pobj Regulation,for
R2641 T4680 T4679 amod Up,Regulation
R2642 T4681 T4679 punct -,Regulation
R2643 T4682 T4675 prep in,Required
R2644 T4683 T4684 compound XY,Gonads
R2645 T4684 T4682 pobj Gonads,in
R2646 T4686 T4687 nsubj We,hypothesized
R2647 T4688 T4689 mark that,be
R2648 T4689 T4687 ccomp be,hypothesized
R2649 T4690 T4691 mark if,were
R2650 T4691 T4689 advcl were,be
R2651 T4692 T4693 det the,relationship
R2652 T4693 T4691 nsubj relationship,were
R2653 T4694 T4693 amod linear,relationship
R2654 T4695 T4693 prep among,relationship
R2655 T4696 T4697 det the,genes
R2656 T4697 T4695 pobj genes,among
R2657 T4698 T4697 nummod three,genes
R2658 T4699 T4691 attr Sry,were
R2659 T4700 T4701 punct →,Fgf9
R2660 T4701 T4699 prep Fgf9,Sry
R2661 T4702 T4703 punct →,Sox9
R2662 T4703 T4701 prep Sox9,Fgf9
R2663 T4704 T4689 punct ", ",be
R2664 T4705 T4689 nsubj expression,be
R2665 T4706 T4705 prep of,expression
R2666 T4707 T4706 pobj Fgf9,of
R2667 T4708 T4689 aux would,be
R2668 T4709 T4689 acomp normal,be
R2669 T4710 T4689 prep in,be
R2670 T4711 T4712 compound XY,gonads
R2671 T4712 T4710 pobj gonads,in
R2672 T4713 T4689 prep in,be
R2673 T4714 T4715 det the,absence
R2674 T4715 T4713 pobj absence,in
R2675 T4716 T4715 prep of,absence
R2676 T4717 T4716 pobj Sox9,of
R2677 T4718 T4687 punct .,hypothesized
R2678 T4720 T4721 advmod Alternatively,be
R2679 T4722 T4721 punct ", ",be
R2680 T4723 T4724 mark if,were
R2681 T4724 T4721 advcl were,be
R2682 T4725 T4726 det the,relationship
R2683 T4726 T4724 nsubj relationship,were
R2684 T4727 T4724 attr Sry,were
R2685 T4728 T4729 punct →,Sox9
R2686 T4729 T4727 prep Sox9,Sry
R2687 T4730 T4731 punct →,Fgf9
R2688 T4731 T4729 prep Fgf9,Sox9
R2689 T4732 T4721 punct ", ",be
R2690 T4733 T4721 nsubj expression,be
R2691 T4734 T4733 prep of,expression
R2692 T4735 T4734 pobj Fgf9,of
R2693 T4736 T4721 aux should,be
R2694 T4737 T4721 acomp reduced,be
R2695 T4738 T4737 cc or,reduced
R2696 T4739 T4737 conj absent,reduced
R2697 T4740 T4721 prep in,be
R2698 T4741 T4742 compound XY,gonads
R2699 T4742 T4740 pobj gonads,in
R2700 T4743 T4721 prep in,be
R2701 T4744 T4745 det the,absence
R2702 T4745 T4743 pobj absence,in
R2703 T4746 T4745 prep of,absence
R2704 T4747 T4746 pobj Sox9,of
R2705 T4748 T4721 punct .,be
R2706 T4750 T4751 nsubj We,examined
R2707 T4752 T4753 compound Fgf9,expression
R2708 T4753 T4751 dobj expression,examined
R2709 T4754 T4751 prep in,examined
R2710 T4755 T4756 nmod Sox9,mutant
R2711 T4756 T4758 nmod mutant,gonads
R2712 T4757 T4756 amod homozygous,mutant
R2713 T4758 T4754 pobj gonads,in
R2714 T4759 T4756 punct (,mutant
R2715 T4760 T4756 appos Sox9,mutant
R2716 T4761 T4760 punct Δ,Sox9
R2717 T4762 T4760 punct /,Sox9
R2718 T4763 T4760 punct Δ,Sox9
R2719 T4764 T4756 punct ),mutant
R2720 T4765 T4758 compound XY,gonads
R2721 T4766 T4758 acl generated,gonads
R2722 T4767 T4766 prep by,generated
R2723 T4768 T4767 pcomp crossing,by
R2724 T4769 T4768 dobj mice,crossing
R2725 T4770 T4769 amod homozygous,mice
R2726 T4771 T4770 prep for,homozygous
R2727 T4772 T4773 det a,allele
R2728 T4773 T4771 pobj allele,for
R2729 T4774 T4773 amod conditional,allele
R2730 T4775 T4773 amod null,allele
R2731 T4776 T4777 punct (,flox
R2732 T4777 T4773 parataxis flox,allele
R2733 T4778 T4777 punct ),flox
R2734 T4779 T4773 prep of,allele
R2735 T4780 T4779 pobj Sox9,of
R2736 T4781 T4773 punct (,allele
R2737 T4782 T4783 compound Sox9 flox,flox
R2738 T4783 T4773 appos flox,allele
R2739 T4784 T4783 punct /,flox
R2740 T4785 T4773 punct ),allele
R2741 T4786 T4768 prep with,crossing
R2742 T4787 T4786 pobj mice,with
R2743 T4788 T4787 acl carrying,mice
R2744 T4789 T4790 npadvmod germline,specific
R2745 T4790 T4792 amod specific,transgenes
R2746 T4791 T4790 punct -,specific
R2747 T4792 T4788 dobj transgenes,carrying
R2748 T4793 T4792 compound Cre,transgenes
R2749 T4794 T4792 punct ", ",transgenes
R2750 T4795 T4796 compound Prm1,Cre
R2751 T4796 T4792 appos Cre,transgenes
R2752 T4797 T4796 punct -,Cre
R2753 T4798 T4796 prep in,Cre
R2754 T4799 T4798 pobj male,in
R2755 T4800 T4796 cc and,Cre
R2756 T4801 T4802 compound Zp3,Cre
R2757 T4802 T4796 conj Cre,Cre
R2758 T4803 T4802 punct -,Cre
R2759 T4804 T4802 prep in,Cre
R2760 T4805 T4804 pobj female,in
R2761 T4806 T4807 punct [,37
R2762 T4807 T4751 parataxis 37,examined
R2763 T4808 T4807 nummod 22,37
R2764 T4809 T4807 punct ",",37
R2765 T4810 T4807 punct ],37
R2766 T4811 T4751 punct .,examined
R2767 T4813 T4814 det The,embryos
R2768 T4814 T4818 nsubj embryos,die
R2769 T4815 T4816 npadvmod Sox9,null
R2770 T4816 T4814 amod null,embryos
R2771 T4817 T4814 compound mutant,embryos
R2772 T4819 T4818 prep after,die
R2773 T4820 T4821 nummod 11.5,dpc
R2774 T4821 T4819 pobj dpc,after
R2775 T4822 T4818 prep because,die
R2776 T4823 T4822 pcomp of,because
R2777 T4824 T4825 amod cardiovascular,defects
R2778 T4825 T4822 pobj defects,because
R2779 T4826 T4827 punct [,37
R2780 T4827 T4818 parataxis 37,die
R2781 T4828 T4827 punct ],37
R2782 T4829 T4818 punct .,die
R2783 T4831 T4832 nsubj Chaboissier,cultured
R2784 T4833 T4834 advmod et,al.
R2785 T4834 T4831 advmod al.,Chaboissier
R2786 T4835 T4836 punct [,22
R2787 T4836 T4831 parataxis 22,Chaboissier
R2788 T4837 T4836 punct ],22
R2789 T4838 T4832 advmod successfully,cultured
R2790 T4839 T4840 nummod 11.5,dpc
R2791 T4840 T4841 nmod dpc,gonads
R2792 T4841 T4832 dobj gonads,cultured
R2793 T4842 T4843 npadvmod Sox9,null
R2794 T4843 T4841 amod null,gonads
R2795 T4844 T4841 compound mutant,gonads
R2796 T4845 T4846 advmod in,vitro
R2797 T4846 T4832 advmod vitro,cultured
R2798 T4847 T4832 cc and,cultured
R2799 T4848 T4832 conj detected,cultured
R2800 T4849 T4850 amod male,markers
R2801 T4850 T4848 dobj markers,detected
R2802 T4851 T4849 cc and,male
R2803 T4852 T4849 conj female,male
R2804 T4853 T4848 prep after,detected
R2805 T4854 T4855 quantmod 2,3
R2806 T4855 T4857 nummod 3,d
R2807 T4856 T4855 punct –,3
R2808 T4857 T4853 pobj d,after
R2809 T4858 T4857 prep of,d
R2810 T4859 T4858 pobj culture,of
R2811 T4860 T4848 punct ", ",detected
R2812 T4861 T4848 advcl suggesting,detected
R2813 T4862 T4863 mark that,are
R2814 T4863 T4861 ccomp are,suggesting
R2815 T4864 T4865 compound Sox9,gonads
R2816 T4865 T4863 nsubj gonads,are
R2817 T4866 T4865 compound mutant,gonads
R2818 T4867 T4863 acomp viable,are
R2819 T4868 T4867 cc and,viable
R2820 T4869 T4870 advmod developmentally,competent
R2821 T4870 T4867 conj competent,viable
R2822 T4871 T4863 prep at,are
R2823 T4872 T4873 nummod 11.5,dpc
R2824 T4873 T4871 pobj dpc,at
R2825 T4874 T4873 punct —,dpc
R2826 T4875 T4876 det the,point
R2827 T4876 T4873 appos point,dpc
R2828 T4877 T4876 compound time,point
R2829 T4878 T4879 prep at,collected
R2830 T4879 T4876 relcl collected,point
R2831 T4880 T4878 pobj which,at
R2832 T4881 T4879 nsubj we,collected
R2833 T4882 T4879 dobj samples,collected
R2834 T4883 T4884 aux to,perform
R2835 T4884 T4879 advcl perform,collected
R2836 T4885 T4886 nmod mRNA,hybridization
R2837 T4886 T4884 dobj hybridization,perform
R2838 T4887 T4888 advmod in,situ
R2839 T4888 T4886 amod situ,hybridization
R2840 T4889 T4890 punct (,3G
R2841 T4890 T4848 parataxis 3G,detected
R2842 T4891 T4890 compound Figure,3G
R2843 T4892 T4893 punct –,3J
R2844 T4893 T4890 prep 3J,3G
R2845 T4894 T4890 punct ),3G
R2846 T4895 T4832 punct .,cultured
R2847 T4897 T4898 det The,expression
R2848 T4898 T4899 nsubj expression,was
R2849 T4900 T4898 prep of,expression
R2850 T4901 T4900 pobj Fgf9,of
R2851 T4902 T4903 advmod significantly,decreased
R2852 T4903 T4899 acomp decreased,was
R2853 T4904 T4903 cc or,decreased
R2854 T4905 T4903 conj absent,decreased
R2855 T4906 T4899 prep in,was
R2856 T4907 T4908 nmod XY,gonads
R2857 T4908 T4906 pobj gonads,in
R2858 T4909 T4908 nmod Sox9,gonads
R2859 T4910 T4909 punct Δ,Sox9
R2860 T4911 T4909 punct /,Sox9
R2861 T4912 T4909 punct Δ,Sox9
R2862 T4913 T4908 prep at,gonads
R2863 T4914 T4915 nummod 11.5,dpc
R2864 T4915 T4913 pobj dpc,at
R2865 T4916 T4917 punct (,3J
R2866 T4917 T4899 parataxis 3J,was
R2867 T4918 T4917 compound Figure,3J
R2868 T4919 T4917 punct ),3J
R2869 T4920 T4899 punct ", ",was
R2870 T4921 T4922 mark while,was
R2871 T4922 T4899 advcl was,was
R2872 T4923 T4924 compound Sry,expression
R2873 T4924 T4922 nsubj expression,was
R2874 T4925 T4922 acomp similar,was
R2875 T4926 T4925 prep to,similar
R2876 T4927 T4928 amod wild,type
R2877 T4928 T4926 pobj type,to
R2878 T4929 T4928 punct -,type
R2879 T4930 T4931 punct (,3G
R2880 T4931 T4926 parataxis 3G,to
R2881 T4932 T4931 compound Figure,3G
R2882 T4933 T4931 cc and,3G
R2883 T4934 T4931 conj 3H,3G
R2884 T4935 T4931 punct ),3G
R2885 T4936 T4922 punct ", ",was
R2886 T4937 T4938 mark as,reported
R2887 T4938 T4922 advcl reported,was
R2888 T4939 T4938 advmod previously,reported
R2889 T4940 T4941 punct [,20
R2890 T4941 T4922 parataxis 20,was
R2891 T4942 T4941 punct ],20
R2892 T4943 T4899 punct ", ",was
R2893 T4944 T4899 advcl suggesting,was
R2894 T4945 T4946 mark that,is
R2895 T4946 T4944 ccomp is,suggesting
R2896 T4947 T4948 compound Fgf9,expression
R2897 T4948 T4946 nsubj expression,is
R2898 T4949 T4948 prep in,expression
R2899 T4950 T4951 amod wild,type
R2900 T4951 T4953 compound type,gonads
R2901 T4952 T4951 punct -,type
R2902 T4953 T4949 pobj gonads,in
R2903 T4954 T4953 compound XY,gonads
R2904 T4955 T4946 acomp dependent,is
R2905 T4956 T4955 prep on,dependent
R2906 T4957 T4958 det the,expression
R2907 T4958 T4956 pobj expression,on
R2908 T4959 T4958 prep of,expression
R2909 T4960 T4959 pobj Sox9,of
R2910 T4961 T4899 punct .,was
R2911 T4963 T4964 det These,findings
R2912 T4964 T4965 nsubj findings,indicate
R2913 T4966 T4965 advmod also,indicate
R2914 T4967 T4968 mark that,is
R2915 T4968 T4965 ccomp is,indicate
R2916 T4969 T4968 nsubj expression,is
R2917 T4970 T4969 prep of,expression
R2918 T4971 T4970 pobj Sry,of
R2919 T4972 T4968 neg not,is
R2920 T4973 T4968 acomp sufficient,is
R2921 T4974 T4975 aux to,regulate
R2922 T4975 T4973 xcomp regulate,sufficient
R2923 T4976 T4975 dobj Fgf9,regulate
R2924 T4977 T4975 prep in,regulate
R2925 T4978 T4979 det the,absence
R2926 T4979 T4977 pobj absence,in
R2927 T4980 T4979 prep of,absence
R2928 T4981 T4980 pobj Sox9,of
R2929 T4982 T4965 punct .,indicate
R2930 T4984 T4985 advmod Therefore,conclude
R2931 T4986 T4985 punct ", ",conclude
R2932 T4987 T4985 nsubj we,conclude
R2933 T4988 T4989 mark that,is
R2934 T4989 T4985 ccomp is,conclude
R2935 T4990 T4989 nsubj Sox9,is
R2936 T4991 T4989 acomp essential,is
R2937 T4992 T4991 prep for,essential
R2938 T4993 T4994 compound Fgf9,expression
R2939 T4994 T4992 pobj expression,for
R2940 T4995 T4989 punct ", ",is
R2941 T4996 T4989 cc and,is
R2942 T4997 T4998 nsubj Fgf9,maintains
R2943 T4998 T4989 conj maintains,is
R2944 T4999 T4998 punct ", ",maintains
R2945 T5000 T4998 prep in,maintains
R2946 T5001 T5000 pobj return,in
R2947 T5002 T4998 punct ", ",maintains
R2948 T5003 T5004 compound Sox9,expression
R2949 T5004 T4998 dobj expression,maintains
R2950 T5005 T4998 punct ", ",maintains
R2951 T5006 T4998 advcl generating,maintains
R2952 T5007 T5008 det a,loop
R2953 T5008 T5006 dobj loop,generating
R2954 T5009 T5008 amod positive,loop
R2955 T5010 T5008 nmod feed,loop
R2956 T5011 T5010 punct -,feed
R2957 T5012 T5010 advmod forward,feed
R2958 T5013 T5008 prep between,loop
R2959 T5014 T5015 det these,genes
R2960 T5015 T5013 pobj genes,between
R2961 T5016 T5015 nummod two,genes
R2962 T5017 T5006 prep in,generating
R2963 T5018 T5019 compound XY,gonads
R2964 T5019 T5017 pobj gonads,in
R2965 T5020 T4985 punct .,conclude
R2966 T5140 T5141 prep t as,Show
R2967 T5142 T5143 compound Fgf9,Gonads
R2968 T5143 T5140 pobj Gonads,t as
R2969 T5144 T5143 compound Mutant,Gonads
R2970 T5145 T5141 punct ", ",Show
R2971 T5146 T5147 nmod Sox9,Gonads
R2972 T5147 T5141 nsubj Gonads,Show
R2973 T5148 T5146 punct Δ,Sox9
R2974 T5149 T5146 punct /,Sox9
R2975 T5150 T5146 punct Δ,Sox9
R2976 T5151 T5147 compound XY,Gonads
R2977 T5152 T5141 dobj Defects,Show
R2978 T5153 T5152 prep in,Defects
R2979 T5154 T5155 compound Cell,Proliferation
R2980 T5155 T5153 pobj Proliferation,in
R2981 T5157 T5158 nsubj We,reported
R2982 T5159 T5158 advmod previously,reported
R2983 T5160 T5161 mark that,is
R2984 T5161 T5158 ccomp is,reported
R2985 T5162 T5163 npadvmod XY,specific
R2986 T5163 T5165 amod specific,proliferation
R2987 T5164 T5163 punct -,specific
R2988 T5165 T5161 nsubj proliferation,is
R2989 T5166 T5165 compound cell,proliferation
R2990 T5167 T5161 acomp defective,is
R2991 T5168 T5161 prep in,is
R2992 T5169 T5170 nmod Fgf9,−
R2993 T5170 T5173 punct −,gonads
R2994 T5171 T5170 punct −,−
R2995 T5172 T5170 punct /,−
R2996 T5173 T5168 pobj gonads,in
R2997 T5174 T5173 compound XY,gonads
R2998 T5175 T5176 punct [,7
R2999 T5176 T5158 parataxis 7,reported
R3000 T5177 T5176 punct ],7
R3001 T5178 T5158 punct .,reported
R3002 T5180 T5181 mark Because,acts
R3003 T5181 T5183 advcl acts,questioned
R3004 T5182 T5181 nsubj Sox9,acts
R3005 T5184 T5181 prep as,acts
R3006 T5185 T5186 det a,regulator
R3007 T5186 T5184 pobj regulator,as
R3008 T5187 T5186 amod positive,regulator
R3009 T5188 T5186 prep of,regulator
R3010 T5189 T5190 compound Fgf9,expression
R3011 T5190 T5188 pobj expression,of
R3012 T5191 T5183 punct ", ",questioned
R3013 T5192 T5183 nsubj we,questioned
R3014 T5193 T5194 mark whether,compromised
R3015 T5194 T5183 ccomp compromised,questioned
R3016 T5195 T5196 compound cell,proliferation
R3017 T5196 T5194 nsubjpass proliferation,compromised
R3018 T5197 T5196 prep in,proliferation
R3019 T5198 T5199 compound XY,gonads
R3020 T5199 T5197 pobj gonads,in
R3021 T5200 T5194 auxpass was,compromised
R3022 T5201 T5194 advmod also,compromised
R3023 T5202 T5194 agent by,compromised
R3024 T5203 T5204 det the,loss
R3025 T5204 T5202 pobj loss,by
R3026 T5205 T5204 prep of,loss
R3027 T5206 T5205 pobj Sox9,of
R3028 T5207 T5183 punct .,questioned
R3029 T5209 T5210 nsubj We,examined
R3030 T5211 T5210 dobj proliferation,examined
R3031 T5212 T5211 prep in,proliferation
R3032 T5213 T5214 nmod Sox9,gonads
R3033 T5214 T5212 pobj gonads,in
R3034 T5215 T5213 punct Δ,Sox9
R3035 T5216 T5213 punct /,Sox9
R3036 T5217 T5213 punct Δ,Sox9
R3037 T5218 T5211 prep at,proliferation
R3038 T5219 T5220 nummod 11.5,dpc
R3039 T5220 T5218 pobj dpc,at
R3040 T5221 T5210 advcl using,examined
R3041 T5222 T5223 det a,marker
R3042 T5223 T5221 dobj marker,using
R3043 T5224 T5225 amod mitotic,cell
R3044 T5225 T5223 compound cell,marker
R3045 T5226 T5223 punct ", ",marker
R3046 T5227 T5228 amod phosphorylated,H3
R3047 T5228 T5223 appos H3,marker
R3048 T5229 T5228 compound histone,H3
R3049 T5230 T5210 punct .,examined
R3050 T5232 T5233 amod Proliferating,cells
R3051 T5233 T5234 nsubj cells,were
R3052 T5235 T5236 advmod more,abundant
R3053 T5236 T5234 acomp abundant,were
R3054 T5237 T5236 cc and,abundant
R3055 T5238 T5236 conj concentrated,abundant
R3056 T5239 T5234 prep in,were
R3057 T5240 T5241 det a,domain
R3058 T5241 T5239 pobj domain,in
R3059 T5242 T5241 prep near,domain
R3060 T5243 T5244 det the,surface
R3061 T5244 T5242 pobj surface,near
R3062 T5245 T5244 prep of,surface
R3063 T5246 T5247 amod wild,type
R3064 T5247 T5249 compound type,gonads
R3065 T5248 T5247 punct -,type
R3066 T5249 T5245 pobj gonads,of
R3067 T5250 T5249 compound XY,gonads
R3068 T5251 T5234 punct ", ",were
R3069 T5252 T5234 cc and,were
R3070 T5253 T5254 det this,proliferation
R3071 T5254 T5259 nsubj proliferation,was
R3072 T5255 T5256 npadvmod XY,specific
R3073 T5256 T5254 amod specific,proliferation
R3074 T5257 T5256 punct -,specific
R3075 T5258 T5254 compound cell,proliferation
R3076 T5259 T5234 conj was,were
R3077 T5260 T5259 acomp evident,was
R3078 T5261 T5259 prep in,was
R3079 T5262 T5263 nmod XY,controls
R3080 T5263 T5261 pobj controls,in
R3081 T5264 T5263 nmod Sox9 flox,controls
R3082 T5265 T5264 punct /,Sox9 flox
R3083 T5266 T5264 punct Δ,Sox9 flox
R3084 T5267 T5263 compound littermate,controls
R3085 T5268 T5269 punct (,3K
R3086 T5269 T5259 parataxis 3K,was
R3087 T5270 T5269 compound Figure,3K
R3088 T5271 T5269 punct ),3K
R3089 T5272 T5259 punct .,was
R3090 T5274 T5275 advmod However,was
R3091 T5276 T5275 punct ", ",was
R3092 T5277 T5275 prep in,was
R3093 T5278 T5279 nmod Sox9,gonads
R3094 T5279 T5277 pobj gonads,in
R3095 T5280 T5278 punct Δ,Sox9
R3096 T5281 T5278 punct /,Sox9
R3097 T5282 T5278 punct Δ,Sox9
R3098 T5283 T5279 compound XY,gonads
R3099 T5284 T5275 nsubj proliferation,was
R3100 T5285 T5275 acomp reduced,was
R3101 T5286 T5285 cc and,reduced
R3102 T5287 T5285 conj similar,reduced
R3103 T5288 T5287 prep to,similar
R3104 T5289 T5290 compound XX,gonads
R3105 T5290 T5288 pobj gonads,to
R3106 T5291 T5292 punct (,3L
R3107 T5292 T5275 parataxis 3L,was
R3108 T5293 T5292 compound Figure,3L
R3109 T5294 T5295 punct –,3O
R3110 T5295 T5292 prep 3O,3L
R3111 T5296 T5292 punct ),3L
R3112 T5297 T5275 punct .,was
R3113 T5299 T5300 det This,result
R3114 T5300 T5301 nsubj result,supports
R3115 T5302 T5303 det the,idea
R3116 T5303 T5301 dobj idea,supports
R3117 T5304 T5305 mark that,is
R3118 T5305 T5303 advcl is,idea
R3119 T5306 T5305 expl there,is
R3120 T5307 T5308 det a,interdependence
R3121 T5308 T5305 attr interdependence,is
R3122 T5309 T5308 amod mutual,interdependence
R3123 T5310 T5308 prep between,interdependence
R3124 T5311 T5310 pobj Sox9,between
R3125 T5312 T5311 cc and,Sox9
R3126 T5313 T5311 conj Fgf9,Sox9
R3127 T5314 T5308 acl generating,interdependence
R3128 T5315 T5316 det a,loop
R3129 T5316 T5314 dobj loop,generating
R3130 T5317 T5316 amod positive,loop
R3131 T5318 T5316 nmod feed,loop
R3132 T5319 T5318 punct -,feed
R3133 T5320 T5318 advmod forward,feed
R3134 T5321 T5305 punct ", ",is
R3135 T5322 T5305 cc and,is
R3136 T5323 T5324 mark that,required
R3137 T5324 T5305 conj required,is
R3138 T5325 T5326 det both,genes
R3139 T5326 T5324 nsubjpass genes,required
R3140 T5327 T5324 auxpass are,required
R3141 T5328 T5324 prep for,required
R3142 T5329 T5330 det the,expansion
R3143 T5330 T5328 pobj expansion,for
R3144 T5331 T5330 prep of,expansion
R3145 T5332 T5333 amod somatic,cells
R3146 T5333 T5331 pobj cells,of
R3147 T5334 T5333 punct ", ",cells
R3148 T5335 T5333 prep including,cells
R3149 T5336 T5337 compound Sertoli,cell
R3150 T5337 T5338 compound cell,precursors
R3151 T5338 T5335 pobj precursors,including
R3152 T5339 T5324 punct ", ",required
R3153 T5340 T5324 prep in,required
R3154 T5341 T5342 compound XY,gonads
R3155 T5342 T5340 pobj gonads,in
R3156 T5343 T5301 punct .,supports
R3161 T5680 T5681 det The,Pathway
R3162 T5681 T5683 nsubjpass Pathway,Aborted
R3163 T5682 T5681 amod Male,Pathway
R3164 T5684 T5683 auxpass Is,Aborted
R3165 T5685 T5683 prep in,Aborted
R3166 T5686 T5687 nmod Fgf9,Precursors
R3167 T5687 T5685 pobj Precursors,in
R3168 T5688 T5686 punct −,Fgf9
R3169 T5689 T5686 punct /,Fgf9
R3170 T5690 T5686 punct −,Fgf9
R3171 T5691 T5687 compound Sertoli,Precursors
R3172 T5693 T5694 prep Based,investigated
R3173 T5695 T5693 prep on,Based
R3174 T5696 T5697 det the,fact
R3175 T5697 T5695 pobj fact,on
R3176 T5698 T5699 mark that,expressed
R3177 T5699 T5697 acl expressed,fact
R3178 T5700 T5699 nsubjpass Sox9,expressed
R3179 T5701 T5699 auxpass is,expressed
R3180 T5702 T5699 advmod initially,expressed
R3181 T5703 T5699 prep in,expressed
R3182 T5704 T5705 nmod Fgf9,gonads
R3183 T5705 T5703 pobj gonads,in
R3184 T5706 T5704 punct −,Fgf9
R3185 T5707 T5704 punct /,Fgf9
R3186 T5708 T5704 punct −,Fgf9
R3187 T5709 T5694 punct ", ",investigated
R3188 T5710 T5694 nsubj we,investigated
R3189 T5711 T5712 mark whether,activated
R3190 T5712 T5694 ccomp activated,investigated
R3191 T5713 T5714 amod other,genes
R3192 T5714 T5712 nsubjpass genes,activated
R3193 T5715 T5714 prep in,genes
R3194 T5716 T5717 det the,pathway
R3195 T5717 T5715 pobj pathway,in
R3196 T5718 T5717 amod male,pathway
R3197 T5719 T5712 auxpass are,activated
R3198 T5720 T5694 punct .,investigated
R3199 T5722 T5723 nsubj We,examined
R3200 T5724 T5725 nummod two,markers
R3201 T5725 T5723 dobj markers,examined
R3202 T5726 T5725 prep for,markers
R3203 T5727 T5728 compound Sertoli,cell
R3204 T5728 T5729 compound cell,differentiation
R3205 T5729 T5726 pobj differentiation,for
R3206 T5730 T5725 punct ", ",markers
R3207 T5731 T5732 amod anti-Mullerian,hormone
R3208 T5732 T5725 appos hormone,markers
R3209 T5733 T5732 punct (,hormone
R3210 T5734 T5732 appos Amh,hormone
R3211 T5735 T5732 punct ),hormone
R3212 T5736 T5737 punct [,38
R3213 T5737 T5732 parataxis 38,hormone
R3214 T5738 T5737 punct ],38
R3215 T5739 T5732 cc and,hormone
R3216 T5740 T5741 compound Desert,hedgehog
R3217 T5741 T5732 conj hedgehog,hormone
R3218 T5742 T5741 punct (,hedgehog
R3219 T5743 T5741 appos Dhh,hedgehog
R3220 T5744 T5741 punct ),hedgehog
R3221 T5745 T5746 punct [,39
R3222 T5746 T5741 parataxis 39,hedgehog
R3223 T5747 T5746 punct ],39
R3224 T5748 T5723 prep in,examined
R3225 T5749 T5750 nmod Fgf9,−
R3226 T5750 T5753 punct −,gonads
R3227 T5751 T5750 punct −,−
R3228 T5752 T5750 punct /,−
R3229 T5753 T5748 pobj gonads,in
R3230 T5754 T5753 compound XY,gonads
R3231 T5755 T5723 advcl using,examined
R3232 T5756 T5757 amod whole,mount
R3233 T5757 T5759 nmod mount,hybridization
R3234 T5758 T5757 punct -,mount
R3235 T5759 T5755 dobj hybridization,using
R3236 T5760 T5761 advmod in,situ
R3237 T5761 T5759 amod situ,hybridization
R3238 T5762 T5723 punct .,examined
R3239 T5764 T5765 nsubj Dhh,was
R3240 T5766 T5764 punct ", ",Dhh
R3241 T5767 T5768 dep which,expressed
R3242 T5768 T5764 relcl expressed,Dhh
R3243 T5769 T5768 auxpass is,expressed
R3244 T5770 T5768 prep in,expressed
R3245 T5771 T5772 nmod XY,gonads
R3246 T5772 T5770 pobj gonads,in
R3247 T5773 T5774 amod wild,type
R3248 T5774 T5772 nmod type,gonads
R3249 T5775 T5774 punct -,type
R3250 T5776 T5774 cc and,type
R3251 T5777 T5774 conj heterozygous,type
R3252 T5778 T5768 advcl beginning,expressed
R3253 T5779 T5778 prep at,beginning
R3254 T5780 T5781 nummod 11.5,dpc
R3255 T5781 T5779 pobj dpc,at
R3256 T5782 T5765 punct ", ",was
R3257 T5783 T5765 acomp absent,was
R3258 T5784 T5783 prep from,absent
R3259 T5785 T5786 nmod Fgf9,gonads
R3260 T5786 T5784 pobj gonads,from
R3261 T5787 T5785 punct −,Fgf9
R3262 T5788 T5785 punct /,Fgf9
R3263 T5789 T5785 punct −,Fgf9
R3264 T5790 T5786 compound XY,gonads
R3265 T5791 T5765 punct ", ",was
R3266 T5792 T5793 mark although,detected
R3267 T5793 T5765 advcl detected,was
R3268 T5794 T5795 amod mesonephric,expression
R3269 T5795 T5793 nsubjpass expression,detected
R3270 T5796 T5793 auxpass was,detected
R3271 T5797 T5793 advmod still,detected
R3272 T5798 T5799 punct (,4A
R3273 T5799 T5765 parataxis 4A,was
R3274 T5800 T5799 compound Figure,4A
R3275 T5801 T5799 cc and,4A
R3276 T5802 T5799 conj 4B,4A
R3277 T5803 T5799 punct ),4A
R3278 T5804 T5765 punct .,was
R3279 T5806 T5807 nsubjpass Amh,detected
R3280 T5808 T5806 punct ", ",Amh
R3281 T5809 T5810 dep which,is
R3282 T5810 T5806 relcl is,Amh
R3283 T5811 T5812 det a,target
R3284 T5812 T5810 attr target,is
R3285 T5813 T5812 amod direct,target
R3286 T5814 T5812 amod transcriptional,target
R3287 T5815 T5812 prep of,target
R3288 T5816 T5815 pobj SOX9,of
R3289 T5817 T5812 acl activated,target
R3290 T5818 T5817 prep after,activated
R3291 T5819 T5820 nummod 11.5,dpc
R3292 T5820 T5818 pobj dpc,after
R3293 T5821 T5822 punct [,40
R3294 T5822 T5806 parataxis 40,Amh
R3295 T5823 T5822 nummod 38,40
R3296 T5824 T5822 punct ",",40
R3297 T5825 T5822 punct ],40
R3298 T5826 T5807 punct ", ",detected
R3299 T5827 T5807 auxpass was,detected
R3300 T5828 T5807 prep at,detected
R3301 T5829 T5830 amod reduced,levels
R3302 T5830 T5828 pobj levels,at
R3303 T5831 T5807 prep in,detected
R3304 T5832 T5833 nmod Fgf9,gonads
R3305 T5833 T5831 pobj gonads,in
R3306 T5834 T5832 punct −,Fgf9
R3307 T5835 T5832 punct /,Fgf9
R3308 T5836 T5832 punct −,Fgf9
R3309 T5837 T5833 compound XY,gonads
R3310 T5838 T5833 prep at,gonads
R3311 T5839 T5840 nummod 12.5,dpc
R3312 T5840 T5838 pobj dpc,at
R3313 T5841 T5842 punct (,4C
R3314 T5842 T5807 parataxis 4C,detected
R3315 T5843 T5842 compound Figure,4C
R3316 T5844 T5845 punct –,4F
R3317 T5845 T5842 prep 4F,4C
R3318 T5846 T5842 punct ),4C
R3319 T5847 T5807 punct .,detected
R3320 T5849 T5850 det The,level
R3321 T5850 T5852 nsubj level,suggested
R3322 T5851 T5850 amod residual,level
R3323 T5853 T5850 prep of,level
R3324 T5854 T5853 pobj Amh,of
R3325 T5855 T5856 mark that,was
R3326 T5856 T5852 ccomp was,suggested
R3327 T5857 T5858 det the,expression
R3328 T5858 T5856 nsubj expression,was
R3329 T5859 T5858 amod transient,expression
R3330 T5860 T5858 prep of,expression
R3331 T5861 T5860 pobj SOX9,of
R3332 T5862 T5858 prep in,expression
R3333 T5863 T5864 nmod Fgf9,gonads
R3334 T5864 T5862 pobj gonads,in
R3335 T5865 T5863 punct −,Fgf9
R3336 T5866 T5863 punct /,Fgf9
R3337 T5867 T5863 punct −,Fgf9
R3338 T5868 T5858 prep at,expression
R3339 T5869 T5870 nummod 11.5,dpc
R3340 T5870 T5868 pobj dpc,at
R3341 T5871 T5856 acomp sufficient,was
R3342 T5872 T5873 aux to,activate
R3343 T5873 T5871 xcomp activate,sufficient
R3344 T5874 T5873 dobj Amh,activate
R3345 T5875 T5874 punct ", ",Amh
R3346 T5876 T5877 det a,target
R3347 T5877 T5874 appos target,Amh
R3348 T5878 T5877 amod direct,target
R3349 T5879 T5877 amod downstream,target
R3350 T5880 T5852 punct .,suggested
R3351 T5882 T5883 advmod However,indicated
R3352 T5884 T5883 punct ", ",indicated
R3353 T5885 T5886 det the,absence
R3354 T5886 T5883 nsubj absence,indicated
R3355 T5887 T5886 prep of,absence
R3356 T5888 T5887 pobj Dhh,of
R3357 T5889 T5890 mark that,initiated
R3358 T5890 T5883 ccomp initiated,indicated
R3359 T5891 T5892 neg not,pathways
R3360 T5892 T5890 nsubjpass pathways,initiated
R3361 T5893 T5892 det all,pathways
R3362 T5894 T5892 compound Sertoli,pathways
R3363 T5895 T5890 auxpass are,initiated
R3364 T5896 T5883 punct .,indicated
R3365 T5898 T5899 det The,specification
R3366 T5899 T5901 nsubjpass specification,affected
R3367 T5900 T5899 amod initial,specification
R3368 T5902 T5899 prep of,specification
R3369 T5903 T5904 compound Sertoli,cell
R3370 T5904 T5905 compound cell,precursors
R3371 T5905 T5902 pobj precursors,of
R3372 T5906 T5901 auxpass was,affected
R3373 T5907 T5901 neg not,affected
R3374 T5908 T5901 prep by,affected
R3375 T5909 T5910 det the,loss
R3376 T5910 T5908 pobj loss,by
R3377 T5911 T5910 prep of,loss
R3378 T5912 T5911 pobj Fgf9,of
R3379 T5913 T5901 punct ", ",affected
R3380 T5914 T5915 mark as,evidenced
R3381 T5915 T5901 advcl evidenced,affected
R3382 T5916 T5915 prep by,evidenced
R3383 T5917 T5918 amod normal,expression
R3384 T5918 T5916 pobj expression,by
R3385 T5919 T5918 nmod Sry,expression
R3386 T5920 T5919 cc and,Sry
R3387 T5921 T5919 conj Sox9,Sry
R3388 T5922 T5918 prep in,expression
R3389 T5923 T5924 nmod Fgf9,gonads
R3390 T5924 T5922 pobj gonads,in
R3391 T5925 T5923 punct −,Fgf9
R3392 T5926 T5923 punct /,Fgf9
R3393 T5927 T5923 punct −,Fgf9
R3394 T5928 T5924 prep at,gonads
R3395 T5929 T5930 nummod 11.5,dpc
R3396 T5930 T5928 pobj dpc,at
R3397 T5931 T5932 punct (,3D
R3398 T5932 T5901 parataxis 3D,affected
R3399 T5933 T5932 nmod Figures,3D
R3400 T5934 T5932 nummod 2,3D
R3401 T5935 T5932 cc and,3D
R3402 T5936 T5932 punct ),3D
R3403 T5937 T5901 punct .,affected
R3404 T5939 T5940 advmod However,disappeared
R3405 T5941 T5940 punct ", ",disappeared
R3406 T5942 T5943 compound SOX9,expression
R3407 T5943 T5940 nsubj expression,disappeared
R3408 T5944 T5943 prep in,expression
R3409 T5945 T5946 nmod XY,gonads
R3410 T5946 T5944 pobj gonads,in
R3411 T5947 T5946 nmod Fgf9,gonads
R3412 T5948 T5947 punct −,Fgf9
R3413 T5949 T5947 punct /,Fgf9
R3414 T5950 T5947 punct −,Fgf9
R3415 T5951 T5940 advmod rapidly,disappeared
R3416 T5952 T5953 punct (,3E
R3417 T5953 T5940 parataxis 3E,disappeared
R3418 T5954 T5953 compound Figure,3E
R3419 T5955 T5953 cc and,3E
R3420 T5956 T5953 conj 3F,3E
R3421 T5957 T5953 punct ),3E
R3422 T5958 T5940 punct ", ",disappeared
R3423 T5959 T5940 cc and,disappeared
R3424 T5960 T5961 amod other,markers
R3425 T5961 T5963 nsubj markers,were
R3426 T5962 T5961 compound Sertoli,markers
R3427 T5963 T5940 conj were,disappeared
R3428 T5964 T5963 acomp absent,were
R3429 T5965 T5964 cc or,absent
R3430 T5966 T5967 advmod severely,reduced
R3431 T5967 T5964 conj reduced,absent
R3432 T5968 T5969 punct (,4A
R3433 T5969 T5963 parataxis 4A,were
R3434 T5970 T5969 compound Figure,4A
R3435 T5971 T5972 punct –,4F
R3436 T5972 T5969 prep 4F,4A
R3437 T5973 T5969 punct ),4A
R3438 T5974 T5940 punct .,disappeared
R3439 T5976 T5977 aux To,investigate
R3440 T5977 T5978 advcl investigate,immunostained
R3441 T5979 T5980 det the,possibility
R3442 T5980 T5977 dobj possibility,investigate
R3443 T5981 T5982 mark that,was
R3444 T5982 T5980 acl was,possibility
R3445 T5983 T5984 det this,loss
R3446 T5984 T5982 nsubj loss,was
R3447 T5985 T5982 prep due,was
R3448 T5986 T5985 pcomp to,due
R3449 T5987 T5988 compound cell,death
R3450 T5988 T5985 pobj death,due
R3451 T5989 T5978 punct ", ",immunostained
R3452 T5990 T5978 nsubj we,immunostained
R3453 T5991 T5992 nmod XY,gonads
R3454 T5992 T5978 dobj gonads,immunostained
R3455 T5993 T5992 nmod Fgf9,gonads
R3456 T5994 T5993 punct −,Fgf9
R3457 T5995 T5993 punct /,Fgf9
R3458 T5996 T5993 punct −,Fgf9
R3459 T5997 T5992 prep at,gonads
R3460 T5998 T5999 nummod 12.0,dpc
R3461 T5999 T5997 pobj dpc,at
R3462 T6000 T5999 punct —,dpc
R3463 T6001 T6002 det a,point
R3464 T6002 T5999 appos point,dpc
R3465 T6003 T6002 compound time,point
R3466 T6004 T6005 prep at,declining
R3467 T6005 T6002 relcl declining,point
R3468 T6006 T6004 pobj which,at
R3469 T6007 T6008 nmod SOX9,cells
R3470 T6008 T6005 nsubj cells,declining
R3471 T6009 T6007 punct -,SOX9
R3472 T6010 T6007 amod expressing,SOX9
R3473 T6011 T6005 aux were,declining
R3474 T6012 T6005 prep in,declining
R3475 T6013 T6012 pobj numbers,in
R3476 T6014 T6015 punct (,3E
R3477 T6015 T5992 parataxis 3E,gonads
R3478 T6016 T6015 compound Figure,3E
R3479 T6017 T6015 punct ),3E
R3480 T6018 T5978 punct —,immunostained
R3481 T6019 T5978 prep for,immunostained
R3482 T6020 T6021 amod active,caspase
R3483 T6021 T6019 pobj caspase,for
R3484 T6022 T6021 punct -,caspase
R3485 T6023 T6021 nummod 3,caspase
R3486 T6024 T6021 punct ", ",caspase
R3487 T6025 T6026 det an,marker
R3488 T6026 T6021 appos marker,caspase
R3489 T6027 T6026 amod apoptotic,marker
R3490 T6028 T6026 compound cell,marker
R3491 T6029 T5978 punct .,immunostained
R3492 T6031 T6032 amod Apoptotic,cells
R3493 T6032 T6033 nsubjpass cells,observed
R3494 T6034 T6033 auxpass were,observed
R3495 T6035 T6033 neg not,observed
R3496 T6036 T6033 prep in,observed
R3497 T6037 T6038 nmod Fgf9,−
R3498 T6038 T6041 punct −,gonads
R3499 T6039 T6038 punct −,−
R3500 T6040 T6038 punct /,−
R3501 T6041 T6036 pobj gonads,in
R3502 T6042 T6036 cc or,in
R3503 T6043 T6036 conj in,in
R3504 T6044 T6045 compound littermate,controls
R3505 T6045 T6043 pobj controls,in
R3506 T6046 T6045 prep at,controls
R3507 T6047 T6048 nummod 12.0,dpc
R3508 T6048 T6046 pobj dpc,at
R3509 T6049 T6033 punct ", ",observed
R3510 T6050 T6051 mark although,showed
R3511 T6051 T6033 advcl showed,observed
R3512 T6052 T6053 nmod Fgf9,−
R3513 T6053 T6056 punct −,samples
R3514 T6054 T6053 punct −,−
R3515 T6055 T6053 punct /,−
R3516 T6056 T6051 nsubj samples,showed
R3517 T6057 T6058 advmod somewhat,increased
R3518 T6058 T6059 amod increased,death
R3519 T6059 T6051 dobj death,showed
R3520 T6060 T6059 compound cell,death
R3521 T6061 T6051 prep in,showed
R3522 T6062 T6063 amod mesonephric,tubules
R3523 T6063 T6061 pobj tubules,in
R3524 T6064 T6063 cc and,tubules
R3525 T6065 T6063 conj ducts,tubules
R3526 T6066 T6065 punct ", ",ducts
R3527 T6067 T6068 det another,site
R3528 T6068 T6065 appos site,ducts
R3529 T6069 T6068 prep of,site
R3530 T6070 T6071 compound Fgf9,expression
R3531 T6071 T6069 pobj expression,of
R3532 T6072 T6073 punct (,4G
R3533 T6073 T6033 parataxis 4G,observed
R3534 T6074 T6073 compound Figure,4G
R3535 T6075 T6073 cc and,4G
R3536 T6076 T6073 conj 4H,4G
R3537 T6077 T6073 punct ),4G
R3538 T6078 T6033 punct .,observed
R3539 T6080 T6081 det These,data
R3540 T6081 T6082 nsubj data,suggested
R3541 T6083 T6084 mark that,caused
R3542 T6084 T6082 ccomp caused,suggested
R3543 T6085 T6086 det the,loss
R3544 T6086 T6084 nsubjpass loss,caused
R3545 T6087 T6086 prep of,loss
R3546 T6088 T6089 compound SOX9,expression
R3547 T6089 T6087 pobj expression,of
R3548 T6090 T6086 prep in,loss
R3549 T6091 T6092 nmod Fgf9,−
R3550 T6092 T6095 punct −,gonads
R3551 T6093 T6092 punct −,−
R3552 T6094 T6092 punct /,−
R3553 T6095 T6090 pobj gonads,in
R3554 T6096 T6095 compound XY,gonads
R3555 T6097 T6084 auxpass was,caused
R3556 T6098 T6084 neg not,caused
R3557 T6099 T6084 prep by,caused
R3558 T6100 T6101 compound cell,death
R3559 T6101 T6099 pobj death,by
R3560 T6102 T6099 cc but,by
R3561 T6103 T6099 conj by,by
R3562 T6104 T6105 det the,disruption
R3563 T6105 T6103 pobj disruption,by
R3564 T6106 T6105 prep of,disruption
R3565 T6107 T6108 nmod FGF9,SOX9
R3566 T6108 T6110 nmod SOX9,regulation
R3567 T6109 T6108 punct /,SOX9
R3568 T6110 T6106 pobj regulation,of
R3569 T6111 T6110 nmod feed,regulation
R3570 T6112 T6111 punct -,feed
R3571 T6113 T6111 advmod forward,feed
R3572 T6114 T6082 punct .,suggested
R3573 T6116 T6117 aux To,determine
R3574 T6117 T6118 advcl determine,investigated
R3575 T6119 T6120 mark whether,associated
R3576 T6120 T6117 ccomp associated,determine
R3577 T6121 T6122 det the,aborting
R3578 T6122 T6120 nsubjpass aborting,associated
R3579 T6123 T6122 prep of,aborting
R3580 T6124 T6125 det the,pathway
R3581 T6125 T6123 pobj pathway,of
R3582 T6126 T6125 amod male,pathway
R3583 T6127 T6122 prep in,aborting
R3584 T6128 T6129 nmod Fgf9,−
R3585 T6129 T6132 punct −,precursors
R3586 T6130 T6129 punct −,−
R3587 T6131 T6129 punct /,−
R3588 T6132 T6127 pobj precursors,in
R3589 T6133 T6132 compound Sertoli,precursors
R3590 T6134 T6120 auxpass was,associated
R3591 T6135 T6120 prep with,associated
R3592 T6136 T6137 det the,transition
R3593 T6137 T6135 pobj transition,with
R3594 T6138 T6137 prep of,transition
R3595 T6139 T6140 amod supporting,cells
R3596 T6140 T6138 pobj cells,of
R3597 T6141 T6140 prep from,cells
R3598 T6142 T6143 amod male,differentiation
R3599 T6143 T6141 pobj differentiation,from
R3600 T6144 T6142 prep to,male
R3601 T6145 T6144 amod female,to
R3602 T6146 T6118 punct ", ",investigated
R3603 T6147 T6118 nsubj we,investigated
R3604 T6148 T6118 dobj expression,investigated
R3605 T6149 T6148 prep of,expression
R3606 T6150 T6149 pobj Wnt4,of
R3607 T6151 T6150 punct ", ",Wnt4
R3608 T6152 T6153 det an,gene
R3609 T6153 T6150 appos gene,Wnt4
R3610 T6154 T6155 npadvmod ovary,promoting
R3611 T6155 T6153 amod promoting,gene
R3612 T6156 T6155 punct -,promoting
R3613 T6157 T6118 punct .,investigated
R3614 T6159 T6160 prep At,regulated
R3615 T6161 T6162 nummod 12.5,dpc
R3616 T6162 T6159 pobj dpc,At
R3617 T6163 T6160 nsubjpass Wnt4,regulated
R3618 T6164 T6160 auxpass was,regulated
R3619 T6165 T6160 advmod up,regulated
R3620 T6166 T6160 punct -,regulated
R3621 T6167 T6160 prep in,regulated
R3622 T6168 T6169 compound XY,Fgf9
R3623 T6169 T6167 pobj Fgf9,in
R3624 T6170 T6169 punct −,Fgf9
R3625 T6171 T6169 punct /,Fgf9
R3626 T6172 T6169 punct −,Fgf9
R3627 T6173 T6167 cc but,in
R3628 T6174 T6173 neg not,but
R3629 T6175 T6167 conj in,in
R3630 T6176 T6177 nmod XY,controls
R3631 T6177 T6175 pobj controls,in
R3632 T6178 T6177 nmod Fgf9,controls
R3633 T6179 T6178 punct +,Fgf9
R3634 T6180 T6178 punct /,Fgf9
R3635 T6181 T6178 punct −,Fgf9
R3636 T6182 T6177 compound gonad,controls
R3637 T6183 T6184 punct (,4I
R3638 T6184 T6160 parataxis 4I,regulated
R3639 T6185 T6184 compound Figure,4I
R3640 T6186 T6187 punct –,4K
R3641 T6187 T6184 prep 4K,4I
R3642 T6188 T6184 punct ),4I
R3643 T6189 T6160 punct .,regulated
R3644 T6191 T6192 det This,result
R3645 T6192 T6193 nsubj result,suggests
R3646 T6194 T6195 mark that,is
R3647 T6195 T6193 ccomp is,suggests
R3648 T6196 T6195 nsubj Fgf9,is
R3649 T6197 T6195 acomp necessary,is
R3650 T6198 T6197 prep for,necessary
R3651 T6199 T6200 det the,regulation
R3652 T6200 T6198 pobj regulation,for
R3653 T6201 T6200 amod down,regulation
R3654 T6202 T6200 punct -,regulation
R3655 T6203 T6200 prep of,regulation
R3656 T6204 T6203 pobj Wnt4,of
R3657 T6205 T6195 prep in,is
R3658 T6206 T6205 pcomp differentiating,in
R3659 T6207 T6208 compound XY,gonads
R3660 T6208 T6206 dobj gonads,differentiating
R3661 T6209 T6206 prep at,differentiating
R3662 T6210 T6209 punct /,at
R3663 T6211 T6209 pcomp after,at
R3664 T6212 T6213 amod bipotential,stages
R3665 T6213 T6209 pobj stages,at
R3666 T6214 T6193 punct .,suggests
R3667 T6521 T6522 nsubj t as,Antagonize
R3668 T6523 T6521 cc Ant,t as
R3669 T6524 T6521 conj Wnt4,t as
R3670 T6525 T6526 det Each,Other
R3671 T6526 T6522 dobj Other,Antagonize
R3672 T6528 T6529 poss Our,finding
R3673 T6529 T6530 nsubj finding,implies
R3674 T6531 T6532 mark that,persist
R3675 T6532 T6529 acl persist,finding
R3676 T6533 T6534 amod high,levels
R3677 T6534 T6532 nsubj levels,persist
R3678 T6535 T6534 prep of,levels
R3679 T6536 T6535 pobj Wnt4,of
R3680 T6537 T6532 prep in,persist
R3681 T6538 T6539 nmod Fgf9,−
R3682 T6539 T6542 punct −,gonads
R3683 T6540 T6539 punct −,−
R3684 T6541 T6539 punct /,−
R3685 T6542 T6537 pobj gonads,in
R3686 T6543 T6542 compound XY,gonads
R3687 T6544 T6545 det a,antagonism
R3688 T6545 T6530 dobj antagonism,implies
R3689 T6546 T6545 amod genetic,antagonism
R3690 T6547 T6530 advmod specifically,implies
R3691 T6548 T6530 prep between,implies
R3692 T6549 T6548 pobj Fgf9,between
R3693 T6550 T6549 cc and,Fgf9
R3694 T6551 T6549 conj Wnt4,Fgf9
R3695 T6552 T6530 punct ", ",implies
R3696 T6553 T6554 mark as,expressed
R3697 T6554 T6530 advcl expressed,implies
R3698 T6555 T6556 preconj both,SRY
R3699 T6556 T6554 nsubjpass SRY,expressed
R3700 T6557 T6556 cc and,SRY
R3701 T6558 T6556 conj SOX9,SRY
R3702 T6559 T6554 auxpass are,expressed
R3703 T6560 T6554 advmod initially,expressed
R3704 T6561 T6554 prep in,expressed
R3705 T6562 T6563 nmod Fgf9,gonads
R3706 T6563 T6561 pobj gonads,in
R3707 T6564 T6562 punct −,Fgf9
R3708 T6565 T6562 punct /,Fgf9
R3709 T6566 T6562 punct −,Fgf9
R3710 T6567 T6563 compound XY,gonads
R3711 T6568 T6563 prep at,gonads
R3712 T6569 T6570 nummod 11.5,dpc
R3713 T6570 T6568 pobj dpc,at
R3714 T6571 T6554 punct ", ",expressed
R3715 T6572 T6554 cc yet,expressed
R3716 T6573 T6574 nsubj this,is
R3717 T6574 T6554 conj is,expressed
R3718 T6575 T6574 neg not,is
R3719 T6576 T6574 acomp sufficient,is
R3720 T6577 T6578 aux to,regulate
R3721 T6578 T6576 xcomp regulate,sufficient
R3722 T6579 T6578 advmod down,regulate
R3723 T6580 T6578 punct -,regulate
R3724 T6581 T6578 dobj Wnt4,regulate
R3725 T6582 T6530 punct .,implies
R3726 T6584 T6585 aux To,test
R3727 T6585 T6586 advcl test,cultured
R3728 T6587 T6588 mark whether,regulate
R3729 T6588 T6585 ccomp regulate,test
R3730 T6589 T6590 amod exogenous,FGF9
R3731 T6590 T6588 nsubj FGF9,regulate
R3732 T6591 T6588 aux could,regulate
R3733 T6592 T6588 advmod down,regulate
R3734 T6593 T6588 punct -,regulate
R3735 T6594 T6588 dobj expression,regulate
R3736 T6595 T6594 prep of,expression
R3737 T6596 T6595 pobj Wnt4,of
R3738 T6597 T6586 punct ", ",cultured
R3739 T6598 T6586 nsubj we,cultured
R3740 T6599 T6600 det the,complex
R3741 T6600 T6586 dobj complex,cultured
R3742 T6601 T6600 compound XX,complex
R3743 T6602 T6603 compound gonad,mesonephros
R3744 T6603 T6600 compound mesonephros,complex
R3745 T6604 T6603 punct /,mesonephros
R3746 T6605 T6586 prep with,cultured
R3747 T6606 T6605 cc or,with
R3748 T6607 T6605 conj without,with
R3749 T6608 T6609 compound FGF9,protein
R3750 T6609 T6607 pobj protein,without
R3751 T6610 T6586 punct ", ",cultured
R3752 T6611 T6586 cc and,cultured
R3753 T6612 T6586 conj examined,cultured
R3754 T6613 T6614 compound Wnt4,expression
R3755 T6614 T6612 dobj expression,examined
R3756 T6615 T6612 prep by,examined
R3757 T6616 T6617 amod whole,mount
R3758 T6617 T6619 nmod mount,hybridization
R3759 T6618 T6617 punct -,mount
R3760 T6619 T6615 pobj hybridization,by
R3761 T6620 T6621 advmod in,situ
R3762 T6621 T6619 amod situ,hybridization
R3763 T6622 T6586 punct .,cultured
R3764 T6624 T6625 nsubj Treatment,suppressed
R3765 T6626 T6624 prep of,Treatment
R3766 T6627 T6628 compound XX,gonads
R3767 T6628 T6626 pobj gonads,of
R3768 T6629 T6624 prep with,Treatment
R3769 T6630 T6631 amod exogenous,FGF9
R3770 T6631 T6629 pobj FGF9,with
R3771 T6632 T6633 det the,expression
R3772 T6633 T6625 dobj expression,suppressed
R3773 T6634 T6633 amod normal,expression
R3774 T6635 T6633 prep of,expression
R3775 T6636 T6635 pobj Wnt4,of
R3776 T6637 T6638 punct (,5A
R3777 T6638 T6625 parataxis 5A,suppressed
R3778 T6639 T6638 compound Figure,5A
R3779 T6640 T6641 punct –,5C
R3780 T6641 T6638 prep 5C,5A
R3781 T6642 T6638 punct ),5A
R3782 T6643 T6625 punct ", ",suppressed
R3783 T6644 T6625 advcl supporting,suppressed
R3784 T6645 T6646 det the,hypothesis
R3785 T6646 T6644 dobj hypothesis,supporting
R3786 T6647 T6648 mark that,functions
R3787 T6648 T6646 acl functions,hypothesis
R3788 T6649 T6648 nsubj Fgf9,functions
R3789 T6650 T6649 punct ", ",Fgf9
R3790 T6651 T6652 advmod rather,than
R3791 T6652 T6649 cc than,Fgf9
R3792 T6653 T6649 conj Sry,Fgf9
R3793 T6654 T6653 cc or,Sry
R3794 T6655 T6653 conj Sox9,Sry
R3795 T6656 T6648 punct ", ",functions
R3796 T6657 T6658 aux to,regulate
R3797 T6658 T6648 advcl regulate,functions
R3798 T6659 T6658 advmod down,regulate
R3799 T6660 T6658 punct -,regulate
R3800 T6661 T6658 dobj Wnt4,regulate
R3801 T6662 T6658 prep in,regulate
R3802 T6663 T6664 amod wild,type
R3803 T6664 T6666 compound type,gonads
R3804 T6665 T6664 punct -,type
R3805 T6666 T6662 pobj gonads,in
R3806 T6667 T6666 compound XY,gonads
R3807 T6668 T6625 punct .,suppressed
R3808 T6670 T6671 nsubj We,reasoned
R3809 T6672 T6673 mark that,render
R3810 T6673 T6671 ccomp render,reasoned
R3811 T6674 T6675 mark if,act
R3812 T6675 T6673 advcl act,render
R3813 T6676 T6675 nsubj FGF9,act
R3814 T6677 T6676 cc and,FGF9
R3815 T6678 T6676 conj WNT4,FGF9
R3816 T6679 T6675 aux do,act
R3817 T6680 T6675 prep as,act
R3818 T6681 T6682 amod opposing,signals
R3819 T6682 T6680 pobj signals,as
R3820 T6683 T6673 punct ", ",render
R3821 T6684 T6673 advmod then,render
R3822 T6685 T6673 nsubj reduction,render
R3823 T6686 T6685 prep in,reduction
R3824 T6687 T6688 det the,dose
R3825 T6688 T6686 pobj dose,in
R3826 T6689 T6688 prep of,dose
R3827 T6690 T6689 pobj Wnt4,of
R3828 T6691 T6673 aux might,render
R3829 T6692 T6693 det the,gonad
R3830 T6693 T6673 dobj gonad,render
R3831 T6694 T6693 compound XX,gonad
R3832 T6695 T6696 advmod more,susceptible
R3833 T6696 T6673 oprd susceptible,render
R3834 T6697 T6696 prep to,susceptible
R3835 T6698 T6699 det the,effects
R3836 T6699 T6697 pobj effects,to
R3837 T6700 T6701 amod male,promoting
R3838 T6701 T6699 amod promoting,effects
R3839 T6702 T6701 punct -,promoting
R3840 T6703 T6699 prep of,effects
R3841 T6704 T6705 amod exogenous,FGF9
R3842 T6705 T6703 pobj FGF9,of
R3843 T6706 T6671 punct .,reasoned
R3844 T6708 T6709 aux To,test
R3845 T6709 T6710 advcl test,cultured
R3846 T6711 T6712 det this,possibility
R3847 T6712 T6709 dobj possibility,test
R3848 T6713 T6710 punct ", ",cultured
R3849 T6714 T6715 nmod XX,gonads
R3850 T6715 T6710 nsubjpass gonads,cultured
R3851 T6716 T6715 nmod Wnt4,gonads
R3852 T6717 T6716 punct +,Wnt4
R3853 T6718 T6716 punct /,Wnt4
R3854 T6719 T6716 punct −,Wnt4
R3855 T6720 T6716 cc and,Wnt4
R3856 T6721 T6716 conj Wnt4,Wnt4
R3857 T6722 T6721 punct +,Wnt4
R3858 T6723 T6721 punct /,Wnt4
R3859 T6724 T6721 punct +,Wnt4
R3860 T6725 T6710 auxpass were,cultured
R3861 T6726 T6710 prep in,cultured
R3862 T6727 T6726 pobj medium,in
R3863 T6728 T6710 prep with,cultured
R3864 T6729 T6728 cc or,with
R3865 T6730 T6728 conj without,with
R3866 T6731 T6730 pobj FGF9,without
R3867 T6732 T6710 punct ", ",cultured
R3868 T6733 T6710 cc and,cultured
R3869 T6734 T6735 auxpass were,examined
R3870 T6735 T6710 conj examined,cultured
R3871 T6736 T6735 prep for,examined
R3872 T6737 T6738 compound SOX9,expression
R3873 T6738 T6736 pobj expression,for
R3874 T6739 T6740 punct (,5D
R3875 T6740 T6735 parataxis 5D,examined
R3876 T6741 T6740 compound Figure,5D
R3877 T6742 T6743 punct –,5G
R3878 T6743 T6740 prep 5G,5D
R3879 T6744 T6740 punct ),5D
R3880 T6745 T6710 punct .,cultured
R3881 T6747 T6748 nsubj We,found
R3882 T6749 T6750 mark that,induced
R3883 T6750 T6748 ccomp induced,found
R3884 T6751 T6750 nsubj FGF9,induced
R3885 T6752 T6753 nmod SOX9,regulation
R3886 T6753 T6750 dobj regulation,induced
R3887 T6754 T6753 amod up,regulation
R3888 T6755 T6753 punct -,regulation
R3889 T6756 T6750 prep in,induced
R3890 T6757 T6758 nmod XX,gonads
R3891 T6758 T6756 pobj gonads,in
R3892 T6759 T6758 nmod Wnt4,gonads
R3893 T6760 T6759 punct +,Wnt4
R3894 T6761 T6759 punct /,Wnt4
R3895 T6762 T6759 punct −,Wnt4
R3896 T6763 T6756 punct ", ",in
R3897 T6764 T6756 cc but,in
R3898 T6765 T6764 neg not,but
R3899 T6766 T6756 conj in,in
R3900 T6767 T6768 nmod Wnt4,gonads
R3901 T6768 T6766 pobj gonads,in
R3902 T6769 T6767 punct +,Wnt4
R3903 T6770 T6767 punct /,Wnt4
R3904 T6771 T6767 punct +,Wnt4
R3905 T6772 T6768 compound XX,gonads
R3906 T6773 T6774 punct (,5F
R3907 T6774 T6748 parataxis 5F,found
R3908 T6775 T6774 compound Figure,5F
R3909 T6776 T6774 cc and,5F
R3910 T6777 T6774 conj 5G,5F
R3911 T6778 T6774 punct ),5F
R3912 T6779 T6748 punct .,found
R3913 T6781 T6782 det These,results
R3914 T6782 T6783 nsubj results,demonstrate
R3915 T6784 T6783 dobj antagonism,demonstrate
R3916 T6785 T6784 prep between,antagonism
R3917 T6786 T6785 pobj WNT4,between
R3918 T6787 T6786 cc and,WNT4
R3919 T6788 T6786 conj FGF9,WNT4
R3920 T6789 T6784 prep under,antagonism
R3921 T6790 T6791 advmod in,vitro
R3922 T6791 T6792 amod vitro,conditions
R3923 T6792 T6789 pobj conditions,under
R3924 T6793 T6792 nmod gain,conditions
R3925 T6794 T6793 punct -,gain
R3926 T6795 T6793 prep of,gain
R3927 T6796 T6795 punct -,of
R3928 T6797 T6795 pobj function,of
R3929 T6798 T6783 punct .,demonstrate
R3930 T6800 T6801 aux To,test
R3931 T6801 T6802 advcl test,investigated
R3932 T6803 T6801 dobj antagonism,test
R3933 T6804 T6803 prep between,antagonism
R3934 T6805 T6806 det these,factors
R3935 T6806 T6804 pobj factors,between
R3936 T6807 T6801 prep under,test
R3937 T6808 T6809 nmod loss,conditions
R3938 T6809 T6807 pobj conditions,under
R3939 T6810 T6808 punct -,loss
R3940 T6811 T6808 prep of,loss
R3941 T6812 T6811 punct -,of
R3942 T6813 T6811 pobj function,of
R3943 T6814 T6815 advmod in,vivo
R3944 T6815 T6801 advmod vivo,test
R3945 T6816 T6802 punct ", ",investigated
R3946 T6817 T6802 nsubj we,investigated
R3947 T6818 T6819 mark whether,derepressed
R3948 T6819 T6802 ccomp derepressed,investigated
R3949 T6820 T6819 nsubjpass Fgf9,derepressed
R3950 T6821 T6819 auxpass is,derepressed
R3951 T6822 T6819 prep in,derepressed
R3952 T6823 T6824 det the,absence
R3953 T6824 T6822 pobj absence,in
R3954 T6825 T6824 prep of,absence
R3955 T6826 T6825 pobj Wnt4,of
R3956 T6827 T6828 punct (,6A
R3957 T6828 T6802 parataxis 6A,investigated
R3958 T6829 T6828 compound Figure,6A
R3959 T6830 T6831 punct –,6C
R3960 T6831 T6828 prep 6C,6A
R3961 T6832 T6828 punct ),6A
R3962 T6833 T6802 punct .,investigated
R3963 T6835 T6836 advcl Using,found
R3964 T6837 T6838 det an,antibody
R3965 T6838 T6835 dobj antibody,Using
R3966 T6839 T6838 prep against,antibody
R3967 T6840 T6839 pobj FGF9,against
R3968 T6841 T6836 punct ", ",found
R3969 T6842 T6836 nsubj we,found
R3970 T6843 T6844 mark that,expressed
R3971 T6844 T6836 ccomp expressed,found
R3972 T6845 T6844 nsubjpass FGF9,expressed
R3973 T6846 T6844 auxpass was,expressed
R3974 T6847 T6844 prep in,expressed
R3975 T6848 T6849 nmod Wnt4,gonads
R3976 T6849 T6847 pobj gonads,in
R3977 T6850 T6848 punct −,Wnt4
R3978 T6851 T6848 punct /,Wnt4
R3979 T6852 T6848 punct −,Wnt4
R3980 T6853 T6849 compound XX,gonads
R3981 T6854 T6847 cc but,in
R3982 T6855 T6854 neg not,but
R3983 T6856 T6847 conj in,in
R3984 T6857 T6858 nmod Wnt4,controls
R3985 T6858 T6856 pobj controls,in
R3986 T6859 T6857 punct +,Wnt4
R3987 T6860 T6857 punct /,Wnt4
R3988 T6861 T6857 punct −,Wnt4
R3989 T6862 T6858 compound XX,controls
R3990 T6863 T6864 punct (,6B
R3991 T6864 T6836 parataxis 6B,found
R3992 T6865 T6864 compound Figure,6B
R3993 T6866 T6864 cc and,6B
R3994 T6867 T6864 conj 6C,6B
R3995 T6868 T6864 punct ),6B
R3996 T6869 T6836 punct .,found
R3997 T6871 T6872 det This,result
R3998 T6872 T6873 nsubj result,suggested
R3999 T6874 T6875 mark that,regulated
R4000 T6875 T6873 ccomp regulated,suggested
R4001 T6876 T6875 nsubjpass FGF9,regulated
R4002 T6877 T6875 auxpass is,regulated
R4003 T6878 T6875 advmod normally,regulated
R4004 T6879 T6875 advmod down,regulated
R4005 T6880 T6875 punct -,regulated
R4006 T6881 T6875 prep by,regulated
R4007 T6882 T6881 pobj WNT4,by
R4008 T6883 T6875 prep in,regulated
R4009 T6884 T6885 compound XX,gonads
R4010 T6885 T6883 pobj gonads,in
R4011 T6886 T6873 punct .,suggested
R4012 T6888 T6889 prep Given,asked
R4013 T6890 T6891 poss our,finding
R4014 T6891 T6888 pobj finding,Given
R4015 T6892 T6893 mark that,derepressed
R4016 T6893 T6891 acl derepressed,finding
R4017 T6894 T6893 nsubjpass FGF9,derepressed
R4018 T6895 T6894 punct ", ",FGF9
R4019 T6896 T6897 det a,regulator
R4020 T6897 T6894 appos regulator,FGF9
R4021 T6898 T6897 amod positive,regulator
R4022 T6899 T6897 prep of,regulator
R4023 T6900 T6899 pobj Sox9,of
R4024 T6901 T6893 punct ", ",derepressed
R4025 T6902 T6893 auxpass is,derepressed
R4026 T6903 T6893 prep in,derepressed
R4027 T6904 T6905 nmod XX,gonads
R4028 T6905 T6903 pobj gonads,in
R4029 T6906 T6905 nmod Wnt4,gonads
R4030 T6907 T6906 punct −,Wnt4
R4031 T6908 T6906 punct /,Wnt4
R4032 T6909 T6906 punct −,Wnt4
R4033 T6910 T6889 punct ", ",asked
R4034 T6911 T6889 nsubj we,asked
R4035 T6912 T6913 mark whether,occur
R4036 T6913 T6889 ccomp occur,asked
R4037 T6914 T6913 nsubj expression,occur
R4038 T6915 T6914 prep of,expression
R4039 T6916 T6915 pobj SOX9,of
R4040 T6917 T6913 aux might,occur
R4041 T6918 T6913 advmod also,occur
R4042 T6919 T6913 prep in,occur
R4043 T6920 T6921 nmod XX,gonads
R4044 T6921 T6919 pobj gonads,in
R4045 T6922 T6921 nmod Wnt4,gonads
R4046 T6923 T6922 punct −,Wnt4
R4047 T6924 T6922 punct /,Wnt4
R4048 T6925 T6922 punct −,Wnt4
R4049 T6926 T6927 punct (,6D
R4050 T6927 T6889 parataxis 6D,asked
R4051 T6928 T6927 compound Figure,6D
R4052 T6929 T6930 punct –,6L
R4053 T6930 T6927 prep 6L,6D
R4054 T6931 T6927 punct ),6D
R4055 T6932 T6889 punct .,asked
R4056 T6934 T6935 det An,antibody
R4057 T6935 T6936 nsubj antibody,revealed
R4058 T6937 T6935 prep against,antibody
R4059 T6938 T6937 pobj SOX9,against
R4060 T6939 T6940 mark that,regulated
R4061 T6940 T6936 ccomp regulated,revealed
R4062 T6941 T6940 nsubjpass expression,regulated
R4063 T6942 T6940 auxpass was,regulated
R4064 T6943 T6940 advmod initially,regulated
R4065 T6944 T6940 advmod up,regulated
R4066 T6945 T6940 punct -,regulated
R4067 T6946 T6940 prep in,regulated
R4068 T6947 T6948 nmod Wnt4,gonads
R4069 T6948 T6946 pobj gonads,in
R4070 T6949 T6947 punct −,Wnt4
R4071 T6950 T6947 punct /,Wnt4
R4072 T6951 T6947 punct −,Wnt4
R4073 T6952 T6948 compound XX,gonads
R4074 T6953 T6948 prep at,gonads
R4075 T6954 T6955 nummod 11.5,dpc
R4076 T6955 T6953 pobj dpc,at
R4077 T6956 T6957 punct (,6F
R4078 T6957 T6940 parataxis 6F,regulated
R4079 T6958 T6957 compound Figure,6F
R4080 T6959 T6957 cc and,6F
R4081 T6960 T6957 conj 6I,6F
R4082 T6961 T6957 punct ),6F
R4083 T6962 T6940 punct ", ",regulated
R4084 T6963 T6964 mark although,was
R4085 T6964 T6940 advcl was,regulated
R4086 T6965 T6964 nsubj it,was
R4087 T6966 T6964 advmod rapidly,was
R4088 T6967 T6968 advmod down,regulated
R4089 T6968 T6964 dep regulated,was
R4090 T6969 T6968 punct -,regulated
R4091 T6970 T6968 prep by,regulated
R4092 T6971 T6972 nummod 12.0,dpc
R4093 T6972 T6970 pobj dpc,by
R4094 T6973 T6968 cc and,regulated
R4095 T6974 T6968 conj absent,regulated
R4096 T6975 T6974 prep at,absent
R4097 T6976 T6977 nummod 12.5,dpc
R4098 T6977 T6975 pobj dpc,at
R4099 T6978 T6979 punct (,6I
R4100 T6979 T6936 parataxis 6I,revealed
R4101 T6980 T6979 compound Figure,6I
R4102 T6981 T6979 cc and,6I
R4103 T6982 T6979 conj 6L,6I
R4104 T6983 T6979 punct ),6I
R4105 T6984 T6936 punct .,revealed
R4106 T6986 T6987 det This,finding
R4107 T6987 T6988 nsubjpass finding,confirmed
R4108 T6989 T6988 auxpass was,confirmed
R4109 T6990 T6988 agent by,confirmed
R4110 T6991 T6992 nmod mRNA,hybridization
R4111 T6992 T6990 pobj hybridization,by
R4112 T6993 T6994 advmod in,situ
R4113 T6994 T6992 amod situ,hybridization
R4114 T6995 T6992 punct ", ",hybridization
R4115 T6996 T6997 dep which,detected
R4116 T6997 T6992 relcl detected,hybridization
R4117 T6998 T6997 advmod also,detected
R4118 T6999 T7000 compound Sox9,transcripts
R4119 T7000 T6997 dobj transcripts,detected
R4120 T7001 T6997 prep in,detected
R4121 T7002 T7003 nummod 11.5,dpc
R4122 T7003 T7004 nmod dpc,gonads
R4123 T7004 T7001 pobj gonads,in
R4124 T7005 T7004 nmod Wnt4,gonads
R4125 T7006 T7005 punct −,Wnt4
R4126 T7007 T7005 punct /,Wnt4
R4127 T7008 T7005 punct −,Wnt4
R4128 T7009 T7004 compound XX,gonads
R4129 T7010 T7011 punct (,S1
R4130 T7011 T6988 parataxis S1,confirmed
R4131 T7012 T7011 compound Figure,S1
R4132 T7013 T7011 punct ),S1
R4133 T7014 T6988 punct .,confirmed
R4134 T7016 T7017 nmod Wnt4,gonads
R4135 T7017 T7022 nsubj gonads,increase
R4136 T7018 T7016 punct −,Wnt4
R4137 T7019 T7016 punct /,Wnt4
R4138 T7020 T7016 punct −,Wnt4
R4139 T7021 T7017 compound XX,gonads
R4140 T7023 T7022 aux do,increase
R4141 T7024 T7022 neg not,increase
R4142 T7025 T7022 prep in,increase
R4143 T7026 T7025 pobj size,in
R4144 T7027 T7022 advcl comparable,increase
R4145 T7028 T7027 prep to,comparable
R4146 T7029 T7030 amod normal,gonads
R4147 T7030 T7028 pobj gonads,to
R4148 T7031 T7030 compound XY,gonads
R4149 T7032 T7033 punct (,6C
R4150 T7033 T7022 parataxis 6C,increase
R4151 T7034 T7033 compound Figure,6C
R4152 T7035 T7033 punct ", ",6C
R4153 T7036 T7033 conj 6F,6C
R4154 T7037 T7036 punct ", ",6F
R4155 T7038 T7036 conj 6I,6F
R4156 T7039 T7038 punct ", ",6I
R4157 T7040 T7038 cc and,6I
R4158 T7041 T7038 conj 6L,6I
R4159 T7042 T7033 punct ),6C
R4160 T7043 T7022 punct ", ",increase
R4161 T7044 T7022 cc and,increase
R4162 T7045 T7046 compound Sertoli,cell
R4163 T7046 T7047 compound cell,differentiation
R4164 T7047 T7048 nsubj differentiation,occur
R4165 T7048 T7022 conj occur,increase
R4166 T7049 T7047 cc and,differentiation
R4167 T7050 T7051 compound testis,cord
R4168 T7051 T7052 compound cord,formation
R4169 T7052 T7047 conj formation,differentiation
R4170 T7053 T7048 aux do,occur
R4171 T7054 T7048 neg not,occur
R4172 T7055 T7048 punct .,occur
R4173 T7057 T7058 advmod Nevertheless,is
R4174 T7059 T7058 punct ", ",is
R4175 T7060 T7058 nsubj it,is
R4176 T7061 T7058 acomp noteworthy,is
R4177 T7062 T7063 mark that,occurs
R4178 T7063 T7058 ccomp occurs,is
R4179 T7064 T7065 amod up,regulation
R4180 T7065 T7063 nsubj regulation,occurs
R4181 T7066 T7065 punct -,regulation
R4182 T7067 T7065 prep of,regulation
R4183 T7068 T7067 pobj SOX9,of
R4184 T7069 T7063 prep in,occurs
R4185 T7070 T7071 det this,case
R4186 T7071 T7069 pobj case,in
R4187 T7072 T7063 prep in,occurs
R4188 T7073 T7074 det the,absence
R4189 T7074 T7072 pobj absence,in
R4190 T7075 T7074 prep of,absence
R4191 T7076 T7075 pobj Sry,of
R4192 T7077 T7063 punct ", ",occurs
R4193 T7078 T7063 prep by,occurs
R4194 T7079 T7078 pcomp eliminating,by
R4195 T7080 T7081 det the,effect
R4196 T7081 T7079 dobj effect,eliminating
R4197 T7082 T7081 amod antagonistic,effect
R4198 T7083 T7081 prep of,effect
R4199 T7084 T7083 pobj Wnt4,of
R4200 T7085 T7079 cc and,eliminating
R4201 T7086 T7087 advmod up,regulating
R4202 T7087 T7079 conj regulating,eliminating
R4203 T7088 T7087 punct -,regulating
R4204 T7089 T7087 dobj FGF9,regulating
R4205 T7090 T7058 punct ", ",is
R4206 T7091 T7058 advcl supporting,is
R4207 T7092 T7093 poss our,hypothesis
R4208 T7093 T7091 dobj hypothesis,supporting
R4209 T7094 T7095 mark that,occurs
R4210 T7095 T7093 acl occurs,hypothesis
R4211 T7096 T7097 compound sex,determination
R4212 T7097 T7095 nsubj determination,occurs
R4213 T7098 T7095 prep by,occurs
R4214 T7099 T7098 pcomp tipping,by
R4215 T7100 T7101 det the,balance
R4216 T7101 T7099 dobj balance,tipping
R4217 T7102 T7101 prep between,balance
R4218 T7103 T7104 det these,signals
R4219 T7104 T7102 pobj signals,between
R4220 T7105 T7104 nummod two,signals
R4221 T7106 T7104 amod opposing,signals
R4222 T7107 T7058 punct .,is
R4246 T7954 T7955 amod Many,studies
R4247 T7955 T7956 nsubj studies,support
R4248 T7956 T7957 ccomp support,develop
R4249 T7958 T7959 det the,view
R4250 T7959 T7956 dobj view,support
R4251 T7960 T7961 mark that,are
R4252 T7961 T7959 acl are,view
R4253 T7962 T7961 nsubj cells,are
R4254 T7963 T7962 prep in,cells
R4255 T7964 T7965 det the,gonad
R4256 T7965 T7963 pobj gonad,in
R4257 T7966 T7965 amod undifferentiated,gonad
R4258 T7967 T7961 acomp bipotential,are
R4259 T7968 T7957 punct ;,develop
R4260 T7969 T7970 det the,lineage
R4261 T7970 T7957 nsubj lineage,develop
R4262 T7971 T7970 amod supporting,lineage
R4263 T7972 T7973 compound cell,precursor
R4264 T7973 T7970 compound precursor,lineage
R4265 T7974 T7957 aux can,develop
R4266 T7975 T7957 prep into,develop
R4267 T7976 T7977 compound follicle,cells
R4268 T7977 T7975 pobj cells,into
R4269 T7978 T7977 cc or,cells
R4270 T7979 T7980 compound Sertoli,cells
R4271 T7980 T7977 conj cells,cells
R4272 T7981 T7957 punct .,develop
R4273 T7983 T7984 prep In,embark
R4274 T7985 T7986 nmod Fgf9,−
R4275 T7986 T7989 punct −,gonads
R4276 T7987 T7986 punct −,−
R4277 T7988 T7986 punct /,−
R4278 T7989 T7983 pobj gonads,In
R4279 T7990 T7989 compound XY,gonads
R4280 T7991 T7984 punct ", ",embark
R4281 T7992 T7984 nsubj cells,embark
R4282 T7993 T7984 advmod initially,embark
R4283 T7994 T7984 prep on,embark
R4284 T7995 T7996 det the,pathway
R4285 T7996 T7994 pobj pathway,on
R4286 T7997 T7996 compound Sertoli,pathway
R4287 T7998 T7984 punct ", ",embark
R4288 T7999 T7984 cc but,embark
R4289 T8000 T8001 prep in,maintain
R4290 T8001 T7984 conj maintain,embark
R4291 T8002 T8003 det the,absence
R4292 T8003 T8000 pobj absence,in
R4293 T8004 T8003 prep of,absence
R4294 T8005 T8004 pobj Fgf9,of
R4295 T8006 T8001 aux can,maintain
R4296 T8007 T8001 preconj neither,maintain
R4297 T8008 T8009 compound Sox9,expression
R4298 T8009 T8001 dobj expression,maintain
R4299 T8010 T8001 cc nor,maintain
R4300 T8011 T8001 conj establish,maintain
R4301 T8012 T8013 amod downstream,pathways
R4302 T8013 T8011 dobj pathways,establish
R4303 T8014 T8013 amod male,pathways
R4304 T8015 T7984 punct .,embark
R4305 T8017 T8018 det The,loss
R4306 T8018 T8019 nsubj loss,is
R4307 T8020 T8018 prep of,loss
R4308 T8021 T8022 compound Sertoli,cells
R4309 T8022 T8020 pobj cells,of
R4310 T8023 T8018 prep in,loss
R4311 T8024 T8025 nmod XY,gonads
R4312 T8025 T8023 pobj gonads,in
R4313 T8026 T8025 nmod Fgf9,gonads
R4314 T8027 T8026 punct −,Fgf9
R4315 T8028 T8026 punct /,Fgf9
R4316 T8029 T8026 punct −,Fgf9
R4317 T8030 T8019 neg not,is
R4318 T8031 T8019 prep due,is
R4319 T8032 T8031 prep to,due
R4320 T8033 T8034 compound cell,death
R4321 T8034 T8032 pobj death,to
R4322 T8035 T8019 punct ", ",is
R4323 T8036 T8019 cc but,is
R4324 T8037 T8019 conj instead,is
R4325 T8038 T8037 prep to,instead
R4326 T8039 T8040 det a,transition
R4327 T8040 T8038 pobj transition,to
R4328 T8041 T8040 prep of,transition
R4329 T8042 T8043 amod supporting,cell
R4330 T8043 T8044 compound cell,fate
R4331 T8044 T8041 pobj fate,of
R4332 T8045 T8046 mark as,lost
R4333 T8046 T8040 advcl lost,transition
R4334 T8047 T8048 compound SOX9,expression
R4335 T8048 T8046 nsubjpass expression,lost
R4336 T8049 T8046 auxpass is,lost
R4337 T8050 T8019 punct .,is
R4338 T8052 T8053 nsubj We,suggest
R4339 T8054 T8055 mark that,predominate
R4340 T8055 T8053 ccomp predominate,suggest
R4341 T8056 T8055 prep in,predominate
R4342 T8057 T8058 det the,absence
R4343 T8058 T8056 pobj absence,in
R4344 T8059 T8058 prep of,absence
R4345 T8060 T8061 det the,activity
R4346 T8061 T8059 pobj activity,of
R4347 T8062 T8061 amod antagonizing,activity
R4348 T8063 T8061 prep of,activity
R4349 T8064 T8063 pobj FGF9,of
R4350 T8065 T8055 punct ", ",predominate
R4351 T8066 T8067 compound WNT4,signals
R4352 T8067 T8055 nsubj signals,predominate
R4353 T8068 T8055 cc and,predominate
R4354 T8069 T8055 conj govern,predominate
R4355 T8070 T8071 amod somatic,fate
R4356 T8071 T8069 dobj fate,govern
R4357 T8072 T8071 compound cell,fate
R4358 T8073 T8069 prep in,govern
R4359 T8074 T8075 det the,field
R4360 T8075 T8073 pobj field,in
R4361 T8076 T8075 amod gonadal,field
R4362 T8077 T8053 punct .,suggest
R4363 T8079 T8080 det The,disk
R4364 T8080 T8083 nsubj disk,is
R4365 T8081 T8080 nmod Drosophila,disk
R4366 T8082 T8080 amod genital,disk
R4367 T8084 T8083 advmod also,is
R4368 T8085 T8086 det a,field
R4369 T8086 T8083 attr field,is
R4370 T8087 T8086 prep of,field
R4371 T8088 T8087 pobj cells,of
R4372 T8089 T8090 dep that,follows
R4373 T8090 T8086 relcl follows,field
R4374 T8091 T8090 advmod normally,follows
R4375 T8092 T8093 quantmod one,two
R4376 T8093 T8095 nummod two,fates
R4377 T8094 T8093 quantmod of,two
R4378 T8095 T8090 dobj fates,follows
R4379 T8096 T8097 advmod sexually,dimorphic
R4380 T8097 T8095 amod dimorphic,fates
R4381 T8098 T8083 punct .,is
R4382 T8100 T8101 prep For,believed
R4383 T8102 T8103 amod many,years
R4384 T8103 T8100 pobj years,For
R4385 T8104 T8101 nsubjpass it,believed
R4386 T8105 T8101 auxpass was,believed
R4387 T8106 T8107 mark that,was
R4388 T8107 T8101 ccomp was,believed
R4389 T8108 T8109 det the,fate
R4390 T8109 T8107 nsubj fate,was
R4391 T8110 T8109 prep of,fate
R4392 T8111 T8112 det each,cell
R4393 T8112 T8110 pobj cell,of
R4394 T8113 T8109 prep in,fate
R4395 T8114 T8115 det the,disk
R4396 T8115 T8113 pobj disk,in
R4397 T8116 T8115 amod genital,disk
R4398 T8117 T8107 prep under,was
R4399 T8118 T8119 det the,control
R4400 T8119 T8117 pobj control,under
R4401 T8120 T8121 npadvmod cell,autonomous
R4402 T8121 T8119 amod autonomous,control
R4403 T8122 T8121 punct -,autonomous
R4404 T8123 T8119 prep of,control
R4405 T8124 T8125 amod double,sex
R4406 T8125 T8123 pobj sex,of
R4407 T8126 T8125 punct (,sex
R4408 T8127 T8125 appos dsx,sex
R4409 T8128 T8125 punct ),sex
R4410 T8129 T8125 punct ", ",sex
R4411 T8130 T8131 det the,regulator
R4412 T8131 T8125 appos regulator,sex
R4413 T8132 T8131 amod key,regulator
R4414 T8133 T8131 prep of,regulator
R4415 T8134 T8135 det the,pathway
R4416 T8135 T8133 pobj pathway,of
R4417 T8136 T8137 compound sex,determination
R4418 T8137 T8135 compound determination,pathway
R4419 T8138 T8101 punct .,believed
R4420 T8140 T8141 advmod However,shown
R4421 T8142 T8141 punct ", ",shown
R4422 T8143 T8144 amod mosaic,studies
R4423 T8144 T8141 nsubj studies,shown
R4424 T8145 T8141 aux have,shown
R4425 T8146 T8147 mark that,regulate
R4426 T8147 T8141 ccomp regulate,shown
R4427 T8148 T8149 det the,sex
R4428 T8149 T8147 nsubj sex,regulate
R4429 T8150 T8149 amod genetic,sex
R4430 T8151 T8149 prep of,sex
R4431 T8152 T8153 det the,cells
R4432 T8153 T8151 pobj cells,of
R4433 T8154 T8149 prep in,sex
R4434 T8155 T8156 det the,organizers
R4435 T8156 T8154 pobj organizers,in
R4436 T8157 T8158 amod anterior,posterior
R4437 T8158 T8156 amod posterior,organizers
R4438 T8159 T8158 punct /,posterior
R4439 T8160 T8156 prep of,organizers
R4440 T8161 T8162 det the,disk
R4441 T8162 T8160 pobj disk,of
R4442 T8163 T8149 punct ", ",sex
R4443 T8164 T8149 cc not,sex
R4444 T8165 T8166 det the,sex
R4445 T8166 T8149 conj sex,sex
R4446 T8167 T8166 prep of,sex
R4447 T8168 T8169 det the,majority
R4448 T8169 T8167 pobj majority,of
R4449 T8170 T8169 prep of,majority
R4450 T8171 T8170 pobj cells,of
R4451 T8172 T8169 prep in,majority
R4452 T8173 T8174 det the,disk
R4453 T8174 T8172 pobj disk,in
R4454 T8175 T8147 punct ", ",regulate
R4455 T8176 T8177 det the,fate
R4456 T8177 T8147 dobj fate,regulate
R4457 T8178 T8179 advmod sexually,dimorphic
R4458 T8179 T8177 amod dimorphic,fate
R4459 T8180 T8177 prep of,fate
R4460 T8181 T8182 det the,disk
R4461 T8182 T8180 pobj disk,of
R4462 T8183 T8141 punct .,shown
R4463 T8185 T8186 nsubj This,occurs
R4464 T8187 T8186 prep through,occurs
R4465 T8188 T8189 det the,regulation
R4466 T8189 T8187 pobj regulation,through
R4467 T8190 T8191 npadvmod sex,specific
R4468 T8191 T8189 amod specific,regulation
R4469 T8192 T8191 punct -,specific
R4470 T8193 T8189 prep of,regulation
R4471 T8194 T8193 pobj WNT,of
R4472 T8195 T8194 punct ", ",WNT
R4473 T8196 T8194 conj FGF,WNT
R4474 T8197 T8196 punct ", ",FGF
R4475 T8198 T8196 cc and,FGF
R4476 T8199 T8200 amod transforming,factor
R4477 T8200 T8202 compound factor,signaling
R4478 T8201 T8200 compound growth,factor
R4479 T8202 T8196 conj signaling,FGF
R4480 T8203 T8202 compound beta,signaling
R4481 T8204 T8189 punct ", ",regulation
R4482 T8205 T8206 dep which,regulate
R4483 T8206 T8189 relcl regulate,regulation
R4484 T8207 T8206 prep in,regulate
R4485 T8208 T8207 pobj turn,in
R4486 T8209 T8210 det the,growth
R4487 T8210 T8206 dobj growth,regulate
R4488 T8211 T8210 punct ", ",growth
R4489 T8212 T8213 compound cell,differentiation
R4490 T8213 T8210 conj differentiation,growth
R4491 T8214 T8213 punct ", ",differentiation
R4492 T8215 T8213 cc and,differentiation
R4493 T8216 T8213 conj morphogenesis,differentiation
R4494 T8217 T8210 prep of,growth
R4495 T8218 T8219 det the,disk
R4496 T8219 T8217 pobj disk,of
R4497 T8220 T8221 punct [,42
R4498 T8221 T8186 parataxis 42,occurs
R4499 T8222 T8221 nummod 41,42
R4500 T8223 T8221 punct ",",42
R4501 T8224 T8221 punct ],42
R4502 T8225 T8186 punct .,occurs
R4503 T8227 T8228 npadvmod Sex,specific
R4504 T8228 T8230 amod specific,regulation
R4505 T8229 T8228 punct -,specific
R4506 T8230 T8231 nsubj regulation,occur
R4507 T8231 T8238 ccomp occur,occurs
R4508 T8232 T8230 prep of,regulation
R4509 T8233 T8234 compound gonad,organogenesis
R4510 T8234 T8232 pobj organogenesis,of
R4511 T8235 T8230 prep in,regulation
R4512 T8236 T8235 pobj vertebrates,in
R4513 T8237 T8231 aux may,occur
R4514 T8239 T8231 prep in,occur
R4515 T8240 T8241 det a,manner
R4516 T8241 T8239 pobj manner,in
R4517 T8242 T8241 amod similar,manner
R4518 T8243 T8241 punct ", ",manner
R4519 T8244 T8245 advmod where,are
R4520 T8245 T8241 relcl are,manner
R4521 T8246 T8247 det some,cells
R4522 T8247 T8245 nsubj cells,are
R4523 T8248 T8249 npadvmod cell,autonomously
R4524 T8249 T8251 advmod autonomously,responsive
R4525 T8250 T8249 punct -,autonomously
R4526 T8251 T8245 acomp responsive,are
R4527 T8252 T8251 prep to,responsive
R4528 T8253 T8254 det the,switch
R4529 T8254 T8252 pobj switch,to
R4530 T8255 T8256 npadvmod sex,determining
R4531 T8256 T8254 amod determining,switch
R4532 T8257 T8256 punct -,determining
R4533 T8258 T8238 punct ;,occurs
R4534 T8259 T8238 advmod however,occurs
R4535 T8260 T8238 punct ", ",occurs
R4536 T8261 T8262 det the,establishment
R4537 T8262 T8238 nsubj establishment,occurs
R4538 T8263 T8262 prep of,establishment
R4539 T8264 T8265 det the,program
R4540 T8265 T8263 pobj program,of
R4541 T8266 T8265 amod male,program
R4542 T8267 T8266 cc or,male
R4543 T8268 T8266 conj female,male
R4544 T8269 T8238 prep through,occurs
R4545 T8270 T8271 det the,activity
R4546 T8271 T8269 pobj activity,through
R4547 T8272 T8273 amod non-cell,autonomous
R4548 T8273 T8271 amod autonomous,activity
R4549 T8274 T8273 punct -,autonomous
R4550 T8275 T8271 prep of,activity
R4551 T8276 T8277 amod classic,pathways
R4552 T8277 T8275 pobj pathways,of
R4553 T8278 T8277 compound signaling,pathways
R4554 T8279 T8280 dep that,act
R4555 T8280 T8277 relcl act,pathways
R4556 T8281 T8280 prep in,act
R4557 T8282 T8283 det an,manner
R4558 T8283 T8281 pobj manner,in
R4559 T8284 T8283 amod antagonistic,manner
R4560 T8285 T8280 cc and,act
R4561 T8286 T8280 conj coordinate,act
R4562 T8287 T8286 dobj growth,coordinate
R4563 T8288 T8287 punct ", ",growth
R4564 T8289 T8290 compound cell,differentiation
R4565 T8290 T8287 conj differentiation,growth
R4566 T8291 T8290 cc and,differentiation
R4567 T8292 T8290 conj morphogenesis,differentiation
R4568 T8293 T8286 prep in,coordinate
R4569 T8294 T8295 det the,gonad
R4570 T8295 T8293 pobj gonad,in
R4571 T8296 T8238 punct .,occurs
R4572 T8298 T8299 det The,interplay
R4573 T8299 T8300 nsubjpass interplay,understood
R4574 T8301 T8299 prep between,interplay
R4575 T8302 T8303 npadvmod cell,autonomous
R4576 T8303 T8305 amod autonomous,pathways
R4577 T8304 T8303 punct -,autonomous
R4578 T8305 T8301 pobj pathways,between
R4579 T8306 T8303 cc and,autonomous
R4580 T8307 T8308 amod non-cell,autonomous
R4581 T8308 T8303 conj autonomous,autonomous
R4582 T8309 T8308 punct -,autonomous
R4583 T8310 T8299 prep in,interplay
R4584 T8311 T8312 det the,gonad
R4585 T8312 T8310 pobj gonad,in
R4586 T8313 T8312 amod mammalian,gonad
R4587 T8314 T8300 auxpass is,understood
R4588 T8315 T8300 neg not,understood
R4589 T8316 T8300 advmod well,understood
R4590 T8317 T8300 punct .,understood
R4591 T8319 T8320 prep In,recruited
R4592 T8321 T8322 nmod XX,experiments
R4593 T8322 T8319 pobj experiments,In
R4594 T8323 T8324 punct ↔,XY
R4595 T8324 T8321 prep XY,XX
R4596 T8325 T8322 compound chimera,experiments
R4597 T8326 T8320 punct ", ",recruited
R4598 T8327 T8328 compound XX,cells
R4599 T8328 T8320 nsubjpass cells,recruited
R4600 T8329 T8320 aux can,recruited
R4601 T8330 T8320 auxpass be,recruited
R4602 T8331 T8320 prep to,recruited
R4603 T8332 T8333 det the,lineage
R4604 T8333 T8331 pobj lineage,to
R4605 T8334 T8333 compound Sertoli,lineage
R4606 T8335 T8320 punct ", ",recruited
R4607 T8336 T8320 advcl indicating,recruited
R4608 T8337 T8338 mark that,operate
R4609 T8338 T8336 ccomp operate,indicating
R4610 T8339 T8340 amod non-cell,autonomous
R4611 T8340 T8342 amod autonomous,mechanisms
R4612 T8341 T8340 punct -,autonomous
R4613 T8342 T8338 nsubj mechanisms,operate
R4614 T8343 T8342 compound signaling,mechanisms
R4615 T8344 T8338 prep under,operate
R4616 T8345 T8346 det these,conditions
R4617 T8346 T8344 pobj conditions,under
R4618 T8347 T8348 punct [,15
R4619 T8348 T8320 parataxis 15,recruited
R4620 T8349 T8348 punct ],15
R4621 T8350 T8320 punct .,recruited
R4622 T8352 T8353 amod Other,studies
R4623 T8353 T8356 nsubj studies,suggested
R4624 T8354 T8355 advmod more,recent
R4625 T8355 T8353 amod recent,studies
R4626 T8357 T8356 aux have,suggested
R4627 T8358 T8359 mark that,involved
R4628 T8359 T8356 ccomp involved,suggested
R4629 T8360 T8361 amod paracrine,signals
R4630 T8361 T8359 nsubjpass signals,involved
R4631 T8362 T8359 aux could,involved
R4632 T8363 T8359 auxpass be,involved
R4633 T8364 T8359 prep in,involved
R4634 T8365 T8366 det the,establishment
R4635 T8366 T8364 pobj establishment,in
R4636 T8367 T8366 prep of,establishment
R4637 T8368 T8369 compound Sertoli,cells
R4638 T8369 T8367 pobj cells,of
R4639 T8370 T8371 punct [,43
R4640 T8371 T8356 parataxis 43,suggested
R4641 T8372 T8373 punct –,46
R4642 T8373 T8371 prep 46,43
R4643 T8374 T8371 punct ],43
R4644 T8375 T8356 punct .,suggested
R4645 T8377 T8378 det The,study
R4646 T8378 T8380 nsubj study,reveals
R4647 T8379 T8378 amod current,study
R4648 T8381 T8382 mark that,induce
R4649 T8382 T8380 ccomp induce,reveals
R4650 T8383 T8384 amod ectopic,FGF9
R4651 T8384 T8382 nsubj FGF9,induce
R4652 T8385 T8382 aux can,induce
R4653 T8386 T8382 dobj SOX9,induce
R4654 T8387 T8382 prep under,induce
R4655 T8388 T8387 pobj conditions,under
R4656 T8389 T8390 prep in,dissociated
R4657 T8390 T8388 relcl dissociated,conditions
R4658 T8391 T8389 pobj which,in
R4659 T8392 T8393 compound XX,cells
R4660 T8393 T8390 nsubjpass cells,dissociated
R4661 T8394 T8390 auxpass are,dissociated
R4662 T8395 T8396 punct (,2F
R4663 T8396 T8390 parataxis 2F,dissociated
R4664 T8397 T8396 compound Figure,2F
R4665 T8398 T8396 punct ),2F
R4666 T8399 T8390 punct ", ",dissociated
R4667 T8400 T8401 advmod when,applied
R4668 T8401 T8390 advcl applied,dissociated
R4669 T8402 T8403 det an,bead
R4670 T8403 T8401 nsubjpass bead,applied
R4671 T8404 T8405 npadvmod FGF9,coated
R4672 T8405 T8403 amod coated,bead
R4673 T8406 T8405 punct -,coated
R4674 T8407 T8401 auxpass is,applied
R4675 T8408 T8401 advmod directly,applied
R4676 T8409 T8401 prep to,applied
R4677 T8410 T8411 det the,gonad
R4678 T8411 T8409 pobj gonad,to
R4679 T8412 T8411 compound XX,gonad
R4680 T8413 T8414 punct (,2K
R4681 T8414 T8401 parataxis 2K,applied
R4682 T8415 T8414 compound Figure,2K
R4683 T8416 T8414 punct ),2K
R4684 T8417 T8401 punct ", ",applied
R4685 T8418 T8401 cc or,applied
R4686 T8419 T8420 advmod when,reduced
R4687 T8420 T8401 conj reduced,applied
R4688 T8421 T8422 det the,dose
R4689 T8422 T8420 nsubjpass dose,reduced
R4690 T8423 T8422 prep of,dose
R4691 T8424 T8423 pobj Wnt4,of
R4692 T8425 T8420 auxpass is,reduced
R4693 T8426 T8427 punct (,5G
R4694 T8427 T8420 parataxis 5G,reduced
R4695 T8428 T8427 compound Figure,5G
R4696 T8429 T8427 punct ),5G
R4697 T8430 T8380 punct .,reveals
R4698 T8432 T8433 mark Whether,acts
R4699 T8433 T8436 csubj acts,is
R4700 T8434 T8433 nsubj FGF9,acts
R4701 T8435 T8433 advmod normally,acts
R4702 T8437 T8438 amod non-cell,autonomously
R4703 T8438 T8433 advmod autonomously,acts
R4704 T8439 T8438 punct -,autonomously
R4705 T8440 T8441 advmod in,vivo
R4706 T8441 T8433 advmod vivo,acts
R4707 T8442 T8443 aux to,recruit
R4708 T8443 T8433 advcl recruit,acts
R4709 T8444 T8445 compound XY,cells
R4710 T8445 T8443 dobj cells,recruit
R4711 T8446 T8443 prep to,recruit
R4712 T8447 T8448 det the,lineage
R4713 T8448 T8446 pobj lineage,to
R4714 T8449 T8448 compound Sertoli,lineage
R4715 T8450 T8443 prep by,recruit
R4716 T8451 T8452 advmod up,regulating
R4717 T8452 T8450 pcomp regulating,by
R4718 T8453 T8452 punct -,regulating
R4719 T8454 T8452 dobj SOX9,regulating
R4720 T8455 T8436 neg not,is
R4721 T8456 T8436 acomp clear,is
R4722 T8457 T8436 punct .,is
R4723 T8459 T8460 nsubj We,show
R4724 T8461 T8462 mark that,regulate
R4725 T8462 T8460 ccomp regulate,show
R4726 T8463 T8462 nsubj Sry,regulate
R4727 T8464 T8462 aux can,regulate
R4728 T8465 T8462 advmod initially,regulate
R4729 T8466 T8462 advmod up,regulate
R4730 T8467 T8462 punct -,regulate
R4731 T8468 T8462 dobj SOX9,regulate
R4732 T8469 T8462 prep in,regulate
R4733 T8470 T8471 det the,absence
R4734 T8471 T8469 pobj absence,in
R4735 T8472 T8471 prep of,absence
R4736 T8473 T8472 pobj Fgf9,of
R4737 T8474 T8462 punct ", ",regulate
R4738 T8475 T8462 advcl suggesting,regulate
R4739 T8476 T8477 mark that,is
R4740 T8477 T8475 ccomp is,suggesting
R4741 T8478 T8477 nsubj FGF9,is
R4742 T8479 T8477 neg not,is
R4743 T8480 T8477 acomp necessary,is
R4744 T8481 T8480 prep for,necessary
R4745 T8482 T8483 det this,step
R4746 T8483 T8481 pobj step,for
R4747 T8484 T8460 punct .,show
R4748 T8486 T8487 advmod However,act
R4749 T8488 T8487 punct ", ",act
R4750 T8489 T8487 nsubj FGF9,act
R4751 T8490 T8487 aux may,act
R4752 T8491 T8492 aux to,trigger
R4753 T8492 T8487 advcl trigger,act
R4754 T8493 T8494 compound cell,proliferation
R4755 T8494 T8492 dobj proliferation,trigger
R4756 T8495 T8487 punct ", ",act
R4757 T8496 T8487 advcl increasing,act
R4758 T8497 T8498 det the,number
R4759 T8498 T8496 dobj number,increasing
R4760 T8499 T8498 prep of,number
R4761 T8500 T8501 compound Sertoli,precursors
R4762 T8501 T8499 pobj precursors,of
R4763 T8502 T8498 prep above,number
R4764 T8503 T8504 det a,threshold
R4765 T8504 T8502 pobj threshold,above
R4766 T8505 T8504 acl needed,threshold
R4767 T8506 T8507 aux to,stabilize
R4768 T8507 T8505 advcl stabilize,needed
R4769 T8508 T8509 det the,pathway
R4770 T8509 T8507 dobj pathway,stabilize
R4771 T8510 T8509 amod male,pathway
R4772 T8511 T8496 punct ", ",increasing
R4773 T8512 T8496 advcl consistent,increasing
R4774 T8513 T8512 prep with,consistent
R4775 T8514 T8515 compound threshold,requirements
R4776 T8515 T8513 pobj requirements,with
R4777 T8516 T8515 acl deduced,requirements
R4778 T8517 T8516 prep from,deduced
R4779 T8518 T8519 amod earlier,studies
R4780 T8519 T8517 pobj studies,from
R4781 T8520 T8519 acl using,studies
R4782 T8521 T8522 nmod XX,XY
R4783 T8522 T8524 nmod XY,gonads
R4784 T8523 T8522 punct ↔,XY
R4785 T8524 T8520 dobj gonads,using
R4786 T8525 T8524 amod chimeric,gonads
R4787 T8526 T8527 punct [,15
R4788 T8527 T8487 parataxis 15,act
R4789 T8528 T8527 punct ],15
R4790 T8529 T8487 punct .,act
R4791 T8531 T8532 mark Since,produce
R4792 T8532 T8535 advcl produce,result
R4793 T8533 T8534 compound Sertoli,cells
R4794 T8534 T8532 nsubj cells,produce
R4795 T8536 T8532 dobj FGF9,produce
R4796 T8537 T8535 punct ", ",result
R4797 T8538 T8535 nsubj loss,result
R4798 T8539 T8538 prep of,loss
R4799 T8540 T8539 pobj proliferation,of
R4800 T8541 T8538 prep of,loss
R4801 T8542 T8543 compound Sertoli,precursors
R4802 T8543 T8541 pobj precursors,of
R4803 T8544 T8535 aux may,result
R4804 T8545 T8535 prep in,result
R4805 T8546 T8547 det a,reduction
R4806 T8547 T8545 pobj reduction,in
R4807 T8548 T8547 prep of,reduction
R4808 T8549 T8550 det the,level
R4809 T8550 T8548 pobj level,of
R4810 T8551 T8550 amod overall,level
R4811 T8552 T8550 prep of,level
R4812 T8553 T8552 pobj FGF9,of
R4813 T8554 T8553 punct ", ",FGF9
R4814 T8555 T8553 cc and,FGF9
R4815 T8556 T8555 punct /,and
R4816 T8557 T8555 cc or,and
R4817 T8558 T8559 amod other,signals
R4818 T8559 T8553 conj signals,FGF9
R4819 T8560 T8561 amod male,paracrine
R4820 T8561 T8559 nmod paracrine,signals
R4821 T8562 T8547 punct ", ",reduction
R4822 T8563 T8547 prep below,reduction
R4823 T8564 T8565 det a,level
R4824 T8565 T8563 pobj level,below
R4825 T8566 T8567 amod critical,threshold
R4826 T8567 T8565 compound threshold,level
R4827 T8568 T8565 acl required,level
R4828 T8569 T8570 aux to,antagonize
R4829 T8570 T8568 advcl antagonize,required
R4830 T8571 T8572 det the,influence
R4831 T8572 T8570 dobj influence,antagonize
R4832 T8573 T8572 prep of,influence
R4833 T8574 T8573 pobj WNT4,of
R4834 T8575 T8535 punct .,result
R4835 T8577 T8578 det This,model
R4836 T8578 T8579 nsubj model,appealing
R4837 T8580 T8579 aux is,appealing
R4838 T8581 T8579 punct ", ",appealing
R4839 T8582 T8583 mark because,links
R4840 T8583 T8579 advcl links,appealing
R4841 T8584 T8583 nsubj it,links
R4842 T8585 T8586 compound cell,proliferation
R4843 T8586 T8583 dobj proliferation,links
R4844 T8587 T8586 punct ", ",proliferation
R4845 T8588 T8586 acl believed,proliferation
R4846 T8589 T8590 aux to,required
R4847 T8590 T8588 xcomp required,believed
R4848 T8591 T8590 auxpass be,required
R4849 T8592 T8590 prep for,required
R4850 T8593 T8592 pobj establishment,for
R4851 T8594 T8593 prep of,establishment
R4852 T8595 T8596 det the,pathway
R4853 T8596 T8594 pobj pathway,of
R4854 T8597 T8596 amod male,pathway
R4855 T8598 T8599 punct [,9
R4856 T8599 T8586 parataxis 9,proliferation
R4857 T8600 T8599 punct ],9
R4858 T8601 T8583 punct ", ",links
R4859 T8602 T8583 prep with,links
R4860 T8603 T8604 compound Sertoli,fate
R4861 T8604 T8605 compound fate,determination
R4862 T8605 T8602 pobj determination,with
R4863 T8606 T8579 punct .,appealing
R4864 T8608 T8609 det A,study
R4865 T8609 T8611 nsubj study,showed
R4866 T8610 T8609 amod recent,study
R4867 T8612 T8609 prep by,study
R4868 T8613 T8612 pobj Yoshioka,by
R4869 T8614 T8615 advmod et,al.
R4870 T8615 T8613 advmod al.,Yoshioka
R4871 T8616 T8617 punct [,47
R4872 T8617 T8609 parataxis 47,study
R4873 T8618 T8617 punct ],47
R4874 T8619 T8620 mark that,led
R4875 T8620 T8611 ccomp led,showed
R4876 T8621 T8620 nsubj misexpression,led
R4877 T8622 T8621 prep of,misexpression
R4878 T8623 T8622 pobj Fgf9,of
R4879 T8624 T8621 prep in,misexpression
R4880 T8625 T8626 nmod chick,mesenchyme
R4881 T8626 T8624 pobj mesenchyme,in
R4882 T8627 T8626 amod nephrogenous,mesenchyme
R4883 T8628 T8620 prep to,led
R4884 T8629 T8630 det the,expansion
R4885 T8630 T8628 pobj expansion,to
R4886 T8631 T8630 prep of,expansion
R4887 T8632 T8633 amod gonadal,marker
R4888 T8633 T8634 compound marker,expression
R4889 T8634 T8631 pobj expression,of
R4890 T8635 T8634 compound gene,expression
R4891 T8636 T8620 punct ", ",led
R4892 T8637 T8620 advcl implicating,led
R4893 T8638 T8637 dobj Fgf9,implicating
R4894 T8639 T8637 prep in,implicating
R4895 T8640 T8641 amod gonadal,cell
R4896 T8641 T8642 compound cell,proliferation
R4897 T8642 T8639 pobj proliferation,in
R4898 T8643 T8642 prep across,proliferation
R4899 T8644 T8643 pobj species,across
R4900 T8645 T8611 punct .,showed
R4901 T8647 T8648 nsubjpass It,suggested
R4902 T8649 T8648 aux has,suggested
R4903 T8650 T8648 auxpass been,suggested
R4904 T8651 T8652 mark that,represses
R4905 T8652 T8648 ccomp represses,suggested
R4906 T8653 T8652 nsubj SOX9,represses
R4907 T8654 T8652 dobj WNT4,represses
R4908 T8655 T8652 prep based,represses
R4909 T8656 T8655 prep on,based
R4910 T8657 T8658 compound misexpression,studies
R4911 T8658 T8656 pobj studies,on
R4912 T8659 T8660 punct [,48
R4913 T8660 T8648 parataxis 48,suggested
R4914 T8661 T8660 punct ],48
R4915 T8662 T8648 punct .,suggested
R4916 T8664 T8665 advmod Here,show
R4917 T8666 T8665 nsubj we,show
R4918 T8667 T8668 mark that,repressed
R4919 T8668 T8665 ccomp repressed,show
R4920 T8669 T8670 det the,addition
R4921 T8670 T8668 nsubj addition,repressed
R4922 T8671 T8670 prep of,addition
R4923 T8672 T8673 compound FGF9,protein
R4924 T8673 T8671 pobj protein,of
R4925 T8674 T8670 prep to,addition
R4926 T8675 T8676 compound XX,cultures
R4927 T8676 T8674 pobj cultures,to
R4928 T8677 T8676 compound gonad,cultures
R4929 T8678 T8676 compound explant,cultures
R4930 T8679 T8680 det the,expression
R4931 T8680 T8668 dobj expression,repressed
R4932 T8681 T8680 prep of,expression
R4933 T8682 T8681 pobj Wnt4,of
R4934 T8683 T8665 punct .,show
R4935 T8685 T8686 amod Down,regulation
R4936 T8686 T8688 nsubj regulation,is
R4937 T8687 T8686 punct -,regulation
R4938 T8689 T8686 prep of,regulation
R4939 T8690 T8689 pobj Wnt4,of
R4940 T8691 T8688 acomp unlikely,is
R4941 T8692 T8693 aux to,occur
R4942 T8693 T8691 xcomp occur,unlikely
R4943 T8694 T8693 prep through,occur
R4944 T8695 T8694 pobj SOX9,through
R4945 T8696 T8688 punct ", ",is
R4946 T8697 T8698 mark as,regulated
R4947 T8698 T8688 advcl regulated,is
R4948 T8699 T8698 nsubjpass SOX9,regulated
R4949 T8700 T8698 auxpass is,regulated
R4950 T8701 T8698 neg not,regulated
R4951 T8702 T8698 advmod up,regulated
R4952 T8703 T8698 punct -,regulated
R4953 T8704 T8698 prep in,regulated
R4954 T8705 T8706 det this,situation
R4955 T8706 T8704 pobj situation,in
R4956 T8707 T8708 punct [,7
R4957 T8708 T8688 parataxis 7,is
R4958 T8709 T8708 punct ],7
R4959 T8710 T8688 punct .,is
R4960 T8712 T8713 advmod Furthermore,regulated
R4961 T8714 T8713 punct ", ",regulated
R4962 T8715 T8716 mark although,expressed
R4963 T8716 T8713 advcl expressed,regulated
R4964 T8717 T8718 preconj both,SRY
R4965 T8718 T8716 nsubjpass SRY,expressed
R4966 T8719 T8718 cc and,SRY
R4967 T8720 T8718 conj SOX9,SRY
R4968 T8721 T8716 auxpass are,expressed
R4969 T8722 T8716 advmod initially,expressed
R4970 T8723 T8716 prep in,expressed
R4971 T8724 T8725 nmod Fgf9,−
R4972 T8725 T8728 punct −,gonads
R4973 T8726 T8725 punct −,−
R4974 T8727 T8725 punct /,−
R4975 T8728 T8723 pobj gonads,in
R4976 T8729 T8728 compound XY,gonads
R4977 T8730 T8713 punct ", ",regulated
R4978 T8731 T8713 nsubjpass Wnt4,regulated
R4979 T8732 T8713 auxpass is,regulated
R4980 T8733 T8713 neg not,regulated
R4981 T8734 T8713 advmod down,regulated
R4982 T8735 T8713 punct -,regulated
R4983 T8736 T8713 prep in,regulated
R4984 T8737 T8738 det the,absence
R4985 T8738 T8736 pobj absence,in
R4986 T8739 T8738 prep of,absence
R4987 T8740 T8739 pobj Fgf9,of
R4988 T8741 T8742 punct (,4K
R4989 T8742 T8713 parataxis 4K,regulated
R4990 T8743 T8742 compound Figure,4K
R4991 T8744 T8742 punct ),4K
R4992 T8745 T8713 punct .,regulated
R4993 T8747 T8748 det These,findings
R4994 T8748 T8749 nsubj findings,support
R4995 T8750 T8751 det the,idea
R4996 T8751 T8749 dobj idea,support
R4997 T8752 T8753 mark that,acts
R4998 T8753 T8751 acl acts,idea
R4999 T8754 T8753 nsubj FGF9,acts
R5000 T8755 T8753 prep as,acts
R5001 T8756 T8757 det the,antagonist
R5002 T8757 T8755 pobj antagonist,as
R5003 T8758 T8757 prep of,antagonist
R5004 T8759 T8758 pobj Wnt4,of
R5005 T8760 T8749 punct .,support
R5006 T8762 T8763 nsubj Antagonism,be
R5007 T8764 T8762 prep of,Antagonism
R5008 T8765 T8766 compound WNT,signals
R5009 T8766 T8764 pobj signals,of
R5010 T8767 T8763 aux may,be
R5011 T8768 T8769 det a,process
R5012 T8769 T8763 attr process,be
R5013 T8770 T8769 amod multistep,process
R5014 T8771 T8769 acl involving,process
R5015 T8772 T8773 preconj both,regulation
R5016 T8773 T8771 dobj regulation,involving
R5017 T8774 T8773 det the,regulation
R5018 T8775 T8773 amod transcriptional,regulation
R5019 T8776 T8773 amod down,regulation
R5020 T8777 T8773 punct -,regulation
R5021 T8778 T8773 prep of,regulation
R5022 T8779 T8778 pobj Wnt4,of
R5023 T8780 T8773 acl observed,regulation
R5024 T8781 T8780 prep in,observed
R5025 T8782 T8783 det this,study
R5026 T8783 T8781 pobj study,in
R5027 T8784 T8773 cc and,regulation
R5028 T8785 T8786 det the,destabilization
R5029 T8786 T8773 conj destabilization,regulation
R5030 T8787 T8786 prep of,destabilization
R5031 T8788 T8789 amod downstream,pathways
R5032 T8789 T8787 pobj pathways,of
R5033 T8790 T8789 nmod Wnt,pathways
R5034 T8791 T8789 amod intracellular,pathways
R5035 T8792 T8793 dep that,antagonize
R5036 T8793 T8789 advcl antagonize,pathways
R5037 T8794 T8795 compound SOX9,expression
R5038 T8795 T8793 dobj expression,antagonize
R5039 T8796 T8793 punct ", ",antagonize
R5040 T8797 T8798 mark as,shown
R5041 T8798 T8793 advcl shown,antagonize
R5042 T8799 T8798 prep in,shown
R5043 T8800 T8801 compound chondrocyte,differentiation
R5044 T8801 T8799 pobj differentiation,in
R5045 T8802 T8803 punct [,49
R5046 T8803 T8793 parataxis 49,antagonize
R5047 T8804 T8803 punct ],49
R5048 T8805 T8793 punct ", ",antagonize
R5049 T8806 T8793 cc or,antagonize
R5050 T8807 T8808 dep that,compete
R5051 T8808 T8793 conj compete,antagonize
R5052 T8809 T8808 prep for,compete
R5053 T8810 T8811 amod intracellular,transducers
R5054 T8811 T8809 pobj transducers,for
R5055 T8812 T8811 compound signal,transducers
R5056 T8813 T8814 mark as,reported
R5057 T8814 T8808 advcl reported,compete
R5058 T8815 T8814 aux has,reported
R5059 T8816 T8814 auxpass been,reported
R5060 T8817 T8814 prep in,reported
R5061 T8818 T8819 amod other,systems
R5062 T8819 T8817 pobj systems,in
R5063 T8820 T8821 punct [,51
R5064 T8821 T8763 parataxis 51,be
R5065 T8822 T8821 nummod 50,51
R5066 T8823 T8821 punct ",",51
R5067 T8824 T8821 punct ],51
R5068 T8825 T8763 punct .,be
R5069 T8827 T8828 amod Future,work
R5070 T8828 T8829 nsubj work,address
R5071 T8830 T8829 aux will,address
R5072 T8831 T8832 det these,possibilities
R5073 T8832 T8829 dobj possibilities,address
R5074 T8833 T8829 punct .,address
R5075 T8835 T8836 prep In,found
R5076 T8837 T8835 pobj support,In
R5077 T8838 T8837 prep of,support
R5078 T8839 T8840 det the,idea
R5079 T8840 T8838 pobj idea,of
R5080 T8841 T8842 mark that,antagonizes
R5081 T8842 T8840 acl antagonizes,idea
R5082 T8843 T8842 nsubj Wnt4,antagonizes
R5083 T8844 T8845 det the,pathway
R5084 T8845 T8842 dobj pathway,antagonizes
R5085 T8846 T8845 amod male,pathway
R5086 T8847 T8836 punct ", ",found
R5087 T8848 T8836 nsubj we,found
R5088 T8849 T8850 mark that,caused
R5089 T8850 T8836 ccomp caused,found
R5090 T8851 T8852 det the,loss
R5091 T8852 T8850 nsubj loss,caused
R5092 T8853 T8852 prep of,loss
R5093 T8854 T8853 pobj Wnt4,of
R5094 T8855 T8856 det the,regulation
R5095 T8856 T8850 dobj regulation,caused
R5096 T8857 T8856 amod up,regulation
R5097 T8858 T8856 punct -,regulation
R5098 T8859 T8856 prep of,regulation
R5099 T8860 T8861 preconj both,SOX9
R5100 T8861 T8859 pobj SOX9,of
R5101 T8862 T8861 cc and,SOX9
R5102 T8863 T8861 conj FGF9,SOX9
R5103 T8864 T8850 prep in,caused
R5104 T8865 T8866 compound XX,gonads
R5105 T8866 T8864 pobj gonads,in
R5106 T8867 T8868 advmod where,is
R5107 T8868 T8866 relcl is,gonads
R5108 T8869 T8868 nsubj Sry,is
R5109 T8870 T8868 acomp absent,is
R5110 T8871 T8836 punct .,found
R5111 T8873 T8874 nsubj It,appears
R5112 T8875 T8876 mark that,initiated
R5113 T8876 T8874 ccomp initiated,appears
R5114 T8877 T8878 det the,pathway
R5115 T8878 T8876 nsubjpass pathway,initiated
R5116 T8879 T8878 amod male,pathway
R5117 T8880 T8876 aux can,initiated
R5118 T8881 T8876 auxpass be,initiated
R5119 T8882 T8876 prep by,initiated
R5120 T8883 T8882 pcomp disrupting,by
R5121 T8884 T8885 det the,balance
R5122 T8885 T8883 dobj balance,disrupting
R5123 T8886 T8885 prep between,balance
R5124 T8887 T8886 pobj Wnt4,between
R5125 T8888 T8887 cc and,Wnt4
R5126 T8889 T8887 conj Fgf9,Wnt4
R5127 T8890 T8876 punct ", ",initiated
R5128 T8891 T8892 det a,finding
R5129 T8892 T8876 npadvmod finding,initiated
R5130 T8893 T8894 dep that,has
R5131 T8894 T8892 relcl has,finding
R5132 T8895 T8896 amod strong,implications
R5133 T8896 T8894 dobj implications,has
R5134 T8897 T8896 prep for,implications
R5135 T8898 T8899 amod other,systems
R5136 T8899 T8897 pobj systems,for
R5137 T8900 T8899 compound vertebrate,systems
R5138 T8901 T8902 compound sex,determination
R5139 T8902 T8899 compound determination,systems
R5140 T8903 T8902 punct -,determination
R5141 T8904 T8905 prep in,is
R5142 T8905 T8899 relcl is,systems
R5143 T8906 T8904 pobj which,in
R5144 T8907 T8905 nsubj Sry,is
R5145 T8908 T8905 neg not,is
R5146 T8909 T8910 det the,factor
R5147 T8910 T8905 attr factor,is
R5148 T8911 T8912 npadvmod sex,determining
R5149 T8912 T8910 amod determining,factor
R5150 T8913 T8874 punct .,appears
R5151 T8915 T8916 advmod However,is
R5152 T8917 T8916 punct ", ",is
R5153 T8918 T8919 amod up,regulation
R5154 T8919 T8916 nsubj regulation,is
R5155 T8920 T8919 punct -,regulation
R5156 T8921 T8919 prep of,regulation
R5157 T8922 T8921 pobj Sox9,of
R5158 T8923 T8916 neg not,is
R5159 T8924 T8916 acomp sufficient,is
R5160 T8925 T8926 aux to,establish
R5161 T8926 T8924 xcomp establish,sufficient
R5162 T8927 T8928 compound testis,development
R5163 T8928 T8926 dobj development,establish
R5164 T8929 T8926 prep in,establish
R5165 T8930 T8931 det this,mutant
R5166 T8931 T8929 pobj mutant,in
R5167 T8932 T8926 punct ", ",establish
R5168 T8933 T8934 mark as,occurs
R5169 T8934 T8926 advcl occurs,establish
R5170 T8935 T8934 prep in,occurs
R5171 T8936 T8937 nmod Odsex,mutants
R5172 T8937 T8935 pobj mutants,in
R5173 T8938 T8936 cc and,Odsex
R5174 T8939 T8940 amod other,gain
R5175 T8940 T8936 conj gain,Odsex
R5176 T8941 T8940 punct -,gain
R5177 T8942 T8940 prep of,gain
R5178 T8943 T8942 punct -,of
R5179 T8944 T8942 pobj function,of
R5180 T8945 T8946 advmod where,misexpressed
R5181 T8946 T8937 relcl misexpressed,mutants
R5182 T8947 T8946 nsubjpass Sox9,misexpressed
R5183 T8948 T8946 auxpass is,misexpressed
R5184 T8949 T8946 prep in,misexpressed
R5185 T8950 T8951 det the,gonad
R5186 T8951 T8949 pobj gonad,in
R5187 T8952 T8951 compound XX,gonad
R5188 T8953 T8954 punct [,25
R5189 T8954 T8924 parataxis 25,sufficient
R5190 T8955 T8954 nummod 24,25
R5191 T8956 T8954 punct ",",25
R5192 T8957 T8954 punct ],25
R5193 T8958 T8916 punct .,is
R5194 T8960 T8961 prep In,sustained
R5195 T8962 T8963 det those,cases
R5196 T8963 T8960 pobj cases,In
R5197 T8964 T8963 nummod two,cases
R5198 T8965 T8963 compound misexpression,cases
R5199 T8966 T8961 punct ", ",sustained
R5200 T8967 T8968 compound Sox9,expression
R5201 T8968 T8961 nsubjpass expression,sustained
R5202 T8969 T8961 aux may,sustained
R5203 T8970 T8961 aux have,sustained
R5204 T8971 T8961 auxpass been,sustained
R5205 T8972 T8961 advmod artificially,sustained
R5206 T8973 T8961 prep by,sustained
R5207 T8974 T8975 amod exogenous,sequences
R5208 T8975 T8973 pobj sequences,by
R5209 T8976 T8975 amod regulatory,sequences
R5210 T8977 T8978 dep that,bypass
R5211 T8978 T8975 relcl bypass,sequences
R5212 T8979 T8980 det the,balance
R5213 T8980 T8978 dobj balance,bypass
R5214 T8981 T8980 amod fine,balance
R5215 T8982 T8980 compound dosage,balance
R5216 T8983 T8978 prep in,bypass
R5217 T8984 T8985 det this,network
R5218 T8985 T8983 pobj network,in
R5219 T8986 T8985 compound signaling,network
R5220 T8987 T8961 punct .,sustained
R5221 T8989 T8990 prep In,maintained
R5222 T8991 T8992 compound Wnt4,mutants
R5223 T8992 T8989 pobj mutants,In
R5224 T8993 T8990 punct ", ",maintained
R5225 T8994 T8995 compound SOX9,expression
R5226 T8995 T8990 nsubjpass expression,maintained
R5227 T8996 T8990 auxpass is,maintained
R5228 T8997 T8990 neg not,maintained
R5229 T8998 T8990 punct .,maintained
R5230 T9000 T9001 prep In,is
R5231 T9002 T9000 pobj light,In
R5232 T9003 T9002 prep of,light
R5233 T9004 T9005 det the,observation
R5234 T9005 T9003 pobj observation,of
R5235 T9006 T9007 mark that,increase
R5236 T9007 T9005 acl increase,observation
R5237 T9008 T9009 det the,gonad
R5238 T9009 T9007 nsubj gonad,increase
R5239 T9010 T9011 nmod Wnt4,−
R5240 T9011 T9009 punct −,gonad
R5241 T9012 T9011 punct −,−
R5242 T9013 T9011 punct /,−
R5243 T9014 T9009 compound XX,gonad
R5244 T9015 T9007 aux does,increase
R5245 T9016 T9007 neg not,increase
R5246 T9017 T9007 advmod significantly,increase
R5247 T9018 T9007 prep in,increase
R5248 T9019 T9018 pobj size,in
R5249 T9020 T9021 punct (,Figure
R5250 T9021 T9005 parataxis Figure,observation
R5251 T9022 T9021 nummod 6,Figure
R5252 T9023 T9021 punct ),Figure
R5253 T9024 T9001 punct ", ",is
R5254 T9025 T9001 nsubj it,is
R5255 T9026 T9001 acomp possible,is
R5256 T9027 T9028 mark that,reach
R5257 T9028 T9001 ccomp reach,is
R5258 T9029 T9030 det the,population
R5259 T9030 T9028 nsubj population,reach
R5260 T9031 T9032 compound FGF9,SOX9
R5261 T9032 T9034 npadvmod SOX9,expressing
R5262 T9033 T9032 punct /,SOX9
R5263 T9034 T9030 amod expressing,population
R5264 T9035 T9034 punct -,expressing
R5265 T9036 T9028 aux did,reach
R5266 T9037 T9028 neg not,reach
R5267 T9038 T9039 det a,threshold
R5268 T9039 T9028 dobj threshold,reach
R5269 T9040 T9039 amod critical,threshold
R5270 T9041 T9001 punct .,is
R5271 T9043 T9044 advmod Alternatively,in
R5272 T9044 T9047 prep in,required
R5273 T9045 T9044 punct (,in
R5274 T9046 T9044 cc or,in
R5275 T9048 T9044 pobj addition,in
R5276 T9049 T9044 punct ),in
R5277 T9050 T9047 punct ", ",required
R5278 T9051 T9052 det another,factor
R5279 T9052 T9047 nsubjpass factor,required
R5280 T9053 T9054 amod male,specific
R5281 T9054 T9052 amod specific,factor
R5282 T9055 T9054 punct -,specific
R5283 T9056 T9057 advmod normally,dependent
R5284 T9057 T9052 amod dependent,factor
R5285 T9058 T9057 prep on,dependent
R5286 T9059 T9058 pobj Sry,on
R5287 T9060 T9047 aux may,required
R5288 T9061 T9047 auxpass be,required
R5289 T9062 T9063 aux to,sustain
R5290 T9063 T9047 advcl sustain,required
R5291 T9064 T9065 compound SOX9,expression
R5292 T9065 T9063 dobj expression,sustain
R5293 T9066 T9047 punct ", ",required
R5294 T9067 T9068 advmod possibly,proteins
R5295 T9068 T9047 dobj proteins,required
R5296 T9069 T9070 npadvmod FGF,binding
R5297 T9070 T9068 amod binding,proteins
R5298 T9071 T9070 punct -,binding
R5299 T9072 T9068 prep in,proteins
R5300 T9073 T9074 det the,matrix
R5301 T9074 T9072 pobj matrix,in
R5302 T9075 T9074 amod extracellular,matrix
R5303 T9076 T9074 cc or,matrix
R5304 T9077 T9078 compound FGF,receptors
R5305 T9078 T9074 conj receptors,matrix
R5306 T9079 T9047 punct .,required
R5307 T9081 T9082 nsubj It,is
R5308 T9083 T9084 advmod equally,plausible
R5309 T9084 T9082 acomp plausible,is
R5310 T9085 T9086 mark that,are
R5311 T9086 T9082 ccomp are,is
R5312 T9087 T9086 expl there,are
R5313 T9088 T9089 amod other,factors
R5314 T9089 T9086 attr factors,are
R5315 T9090 T9091 amod female,specific
R5316 T9091 T9089 amod specific,factors
R5317 T9092 T9091 punct -,specific
R5318 T9093 T9094 dep that,antagonize
R5319 T9094 T9089 relcl antagonize,factors
R5320 T9095 T9096 det the,establishment
R5321 T9096 T9094 dobj establishment,antagonize
R5322 T9097 T9096 prep of,establishment
R5323 T9098 T9099 compound SOX9,expression
R5324 T9099 T9097 pobj expression,of
R5325 T9100 T9082 punct .,is
R5326 T9102 T9103 nsubjpass It,observed
R5327 T9104 T9103 aux has,observed
R5328 T9105 T9103 auxpass been,observed
R5329 T9106 T9107 mark that,expressed
R5330 T9107 T9103 ccomp expressed,observed
R5331 T9108 T9109 amod several,WNTs
R5332 T9109 T9107 nsubjpass WNTs,expressed
R5333 T9110 T9109 amod other,WNTs
R5334 T9111 T9107 auxpass are,expressed
R5335 T9112 T9107 prep in,expressed
R5336 T9113 T9114 det the,gonad
R5337 T9114 T9112 pobj gonad,in
R5338 T9180 T9164 prep to,led
R5339 T9115 T9114 compound XX,gonad
R5340 T9181 T9182 det an,phenotype
R5341 T9116 T9117 punct [,52
R5342 T9182 T9180 pobj phenotype,to
R5343 T9183 T9182 compound intersex,phenotype
R5344 T9117 T9107 parataxis 52,expressed
R5345 T9184 T9185 punct [,53
R5346 T9185 T9164 parataxis 53,led
R5347 T9186 T9185 punct ],53
R5348 T9118 T9117 punct ],52
R5349 T9187 T9164 punct .,led
R5350 T9119 T9107 punct ", ",expressed
R5351 T9189 T9190 advmod However,constitutes
R5352 T9191 T9190 punct ", ",constitutes
R5353 T9120 T9107 cc and,expressed
R5354 T9192 T9193 det the,report
R5355 T9193 T9190 nsubj report,constitutes
R5356 T9194 T9195 advmod only,evidence
R5357 T9121 T9122 nsubj these,compensate
R5358 T9195 T9190 dobj evidence,constitutes
R5359 T9196 T9195 amod circumstantial,evidence
R5360 T9122 T9107 conj compensate,expressed
R5361 T9197 T9190 punct .,constitutes
R5362 T9199 T9200 predet Such,role
R5363 T9123 T9121 cc or,these
R5364 T9200 T9202 nsubjpass role,supported
R5365 T9201 T9200 det a,role
R5366 T9124 T9125 amod other,factors
R5367 T9203 T9202 auxpass is,supported
R5368 T9204 T9202 neg not,supported
R5369 T9125 T9121 conj factors,these
R5370 T9205 T9202 prep by,supported
R5371 T9206 T9205 pobj efforts,by
R5372 T9207 T9208 aux to,misexpress
R5373 T9208 T9206 acl misexpress,efforts
R5374 T9209 T9208 dobj Wnt4,misexpress
R5375 T9210 T9208 prep in,misexpress
R5376 T9126 T9122 aux may,compensate
R5377 T9211 T9212 compound XY,gonads
R5378 T9212 T9210 pobj gonads,in
R5379 T9127 T9122 advmod partially,compensate
R5380 T9213 T9206 punct ", ",efforts
R5381 T9128 T9122 prep for,compensate
R5382 T9214 T9215 dep which,led
R5383 T9215 T9206 relcl led,efforts
R5384 T9216 T9215 aux have,led
R5385 T9217 T9215 prep to,led
R5386 T9218 T9219 advmod very,mild
R5387 T9219 T9220 amod mild,phenotypes
R5388 T9129 T9130 det the,loss
R5389 T9220 T9217 pobj phenotypes,to
R5390 T9221 T9220 prep with,phenotypes
R5391 T9130 T9128 pobj loss,for
R5392 T9222 T9223 det no,evidence
R5393 T9223 T9221 pobj evidence,with
R5394 T9224 T9223 prep for,evidence
R5395 T9131 T9130 prep of,loss
R5396 T9225 T9224 pobj defects,for
R5397 T9226 T9225 prep in,defects
R5398 T9227 T9228 compound Sertoli,cell
R5399 T9132 T9131 pobj Wnt4,of
R5400 T9228 T9229 compound cell,differentiation
R5401 T9229 T9226 pobj differentiation,in
R5402 T9133 T9103 punct .,observed
R5403 T9230 T9231 punct [,54
R5404 T9231 T9202 parataxis 54,supported
R5405 T9135 T9136 det These,findings
R5406 T9232 T9231 punct ],54
R5407 T9233 T9202 punct .,supported
R5408 T9235 T9236 nsubj It,is
R5409 T9136 T9137 nsubj findings,suggest
R5410 T9237 T9236 acomp possible,is
R5411 T9138 T9139 mark that,acts
R5413 T9239 T9236 ccomp function,is
R5414 T9240 T9241 compound WNT4,protein
R5415 T9241 T9239 nsubj protein,function
R5416 T9139 T9137 ccomp acts,suggest
R5417 T9242 T9239 aux did,function
R5418 T9243 T9239 neg not,function
R5419 T9244 T9239 prep as,function
R5420 T9140 T9141 compound WNT4,signaling
R5421 T9245 T9246 det an,signal
R5422 T9246 T9244 pobj signal,as
R5423 T9247 T9246 amod active,signal
R5424 T9248 T9239 prep in,function
R5425 T9249 T9250 det these,mice
R5426 T9250 T9248 pobj mice,in
R5427 T9141 T9139 nsubj signaling,acts
R5428 T9251 T9250 amod transgenic,mice
R5429 T9252 T9239 punct ", ",function
R5430 T9253 T9254 preconj either,expressed
R5431 T9142 T9139 advmod normally,acts
R5433 T9255 T9254 mark because,expressed
R5434 T9256 T9254 nsubjpass it,expressed
R5435 T9143 T9139 prep as,acts
R5436 T9257 T9254 auxpass was,expressed
R5437 T9258 T9254 neg not,expressed
R5438 T9259 T9254 prep in,expressed
R5439 T9260 T9261 det the,cells
R5440 T9144 T9145 det a,repressor
R5441 T9261 T9259 pobj cells,in
R5442 T9262 T9261 amod right,cells
R5443 T9145 T9143 pobj repressor,as
R5444 T9263 T9254 punct ", ",expressed
R5445 T9264 T9254 prep at,expressed
R5446 T9265 T9266 det the,time
R5447 T9266 T9264 pobj time,at
R5448 T9146 T9145 prep of,repressor
R5449 T9267 T9266 amod right,time
R5450 T9268 T9264 punct ", ",at
R5451 T9269 T9264 cc or,at
R5452 T9147 T9148 det the,pathway
R5453 T9270 T9264 conj at,at
R5454 T9271 T9272 det the,level
R5455 T9148 T9146 pobj pathway,of
R5456 T9272 T9270 pobj level,at
R5457 T9273 T9272 amod right,level
R5458 T9274 T9236 punct .,is
R5459 T9149 T9148 amod male,pathway
R5460 T9276 T9277 advcl Consistent,required
R5461 T9150 T9139 prep by,acts
R5462 T9278 T9276 prep with,Consistent
R5463 T9279 T9280 poss our,data
R5464 T9280 T9278 pobj data,with
R5465 T9151 T9150 pcomp interfering,by
R5466 T9281 T9280 cc and,data
R5467 T9282 T9283 det the,phenotype
R5468 T9283 T9280 conj phenotype,data
R5469 T9152 T9151 prep with,interfering
R5470 T9284 T9285 advmod partially,reversed
R5471 T9285 T9283 amod reversed,phenotype
R5472 T9153 T9154 det the,regulation
R5473 T9154 T9152 pobj regulation,with
R5474 T9155 T9154 amod up,regulation
R5475 T9286 T9285 npadvmod sex,reversed
R5476 T9287 T9285 punct -,reversed
R5477 T9288 T9283 prep of,phenotype
R5478 T9156 T9154 punct -,regulation
R5479 T9289 T9290 nmod Wnt4,mutants
R5480 T9290 T9288 pobj mutants,of
R5481 T9291 T9289 punct −,Wnt4
R5482 T9157 T9154 prep of,regulation
R5483 T9292 T9289 punct /,Wnt4
R5484 T9293 T9289 punct −,Wnt4
R5485 T9158 T9159 compound SOX9,expression
R5486 T9294 T9290 compound XX,mutants
R5487 T9295 T9277 punct ", ",required
R5488 T9296 T9297 amod other,WNTs
R5489 T9159 T9157 pobj expression,of
R5490 T9297 T9277 nsubjpass WNTs,required
R5491 T9298 T9297 cc or,WNTs
R5492 T9299 T9300 amod additional,factors
R5493 T9160 T9137 punct .,suggest
R5494 T9300 T9297 conj factors,WNTs
R5495 T9301 T9300 amod female,factors
R5496 T9302 T9277 aux may,required
R5497 T9162 T9163 nummod One,report
R5498 T9303 T9277 auxpass be,required
R5499 T9304 T9277 punct .,required
R5500 T9306 T9307 det The,switch
R5501 T9163 T9164 nsubj report,led
R5502 T9307 T9308 nsubj switch,is
R5503 T9165 T9163 prep of,report
R5504 T9309 T9310 dep that,controls
R5505 T9310 T9307 relcl controls,switch
R5506 T9311 T9312 compound sex,determination
R5507 T9312 T9310 dobj determination,controls
R5508 T9313 T9314 advmod biologically,diverse
R5509 T9314 T9308 acomp diverse,is
R5510 T9166 T9167 det a,duplication
R5511 T9315 T9308 punct .,is
R5512 T9317 T9318 nsubj Sry,is
R5513 T9167 T9165 pobj duplication,of
R5514 T9168 T9167 prep of,duplication
R5515 T9318 T9319 ccomp is,be
R5516 T9169 T9170 det the,region
R5517 T9320 T9318 neg not,is
R5518 T9321 T9318 acomp present,is
R5519 T9170 T9168 pobj region,of
R5520 T9322 T9318 prep in,is
R5521 T9323 T9324 amod nonmammalian,systems
R5522 T9324 T9322 pobj systems,in
R5523 T9171 T9170 prep of,region
R5524 T9325 T9319 punct ;,be
R5525 T9326 T9319 advmod however,be
R5526 T9327 T9319 punct ", ",be
R5527 T9328 T9329 amod antagonistic,signaling
R5528 T9329 T9319 nsubj signaling,be
R5529 T9172 T9173 amod human,Chromosome
R5530 T9330 T9329 prep between,signaling
R5531 T9331 T9330 pobj FGFs,between
R5532 T9332 T9331 cc and,FGFs
R5533 T9333 T9331 conj WNTs,FGFs
R5534 T9173 T9171 pobj Chromosome,of
R5535 T9334 T9319 aux may,be
R5536 T9335 T9336 det the,mechanism
R5537 T9336 T9319 attr mechanism,be
R5538 T9174 T9173 nummod 1,Chromosome
R5539 T9337 T9336 amod conserved,mechanism
R5540 T9338 T9339 dep that,balances
R5541 T9175 T9170 punct ", ",region
R5542 T9339 T9336 relcl balances,mechanism
R5543 T9340 T9341 det the,gonad
R5544 T9341 T9339 dobj gonad,balances
R5545 T9176 T9177 dep which,includes
R5546 T9342 T9339 prep between,balances
R5547 T9343 T9344 amod testicular,fates
R5548 T9344 T9342 pobj fates,between
R5549 T9177 T9170 relcl includes,region
R5550 T9345 T9343 cc and,testicular
R5551 T9346 T9343 conj ovarian,testicular
R5552 T9347 T9339 prep in,balances
R5553 T9178 T9177 dobj WNT4,includes
R5554 T9348 T9347 pobj vertebrates,in
R5555 T9349 T9319 punct .,be
R5556 T9179 T9164 punct ", ",led
R5557 T9351 T9352 prep In,tip
R5558 T9353 T9351 pobj theory,In
R5559 T9392 T9390 punct ", ",pathways
R5560 T9354 T9352 punct ", ",tip
R5561 T9355 T9356 det any,switch
R5562 T9356 T9352 nsubj switch,tip
R5563 T9393 T9390 appos Fgf9,pathways
R5564 T9357 T9356 amod genetic,switch
R5565 T9358 T9357 cc or,genetic
R5566 T9359 T9357 conj environmental,genetic
R5567 T9394 T9393 punct ", ",Fgf9
R5568 T9360 T9352 aux may,tip
R5569 T9361 T9362 det the,balance
R5570 T9362 T9352 dobj balance,tip
R5571 T9395 T9393 acl expressed,Fgf9
R5572 T9363 T9352 prep toward,tip
R5573 T9364 T9365 det the,pathway
R5574 T9365 T9363 pobj pathway,toward
R5575 T9366 T9365 amod male,pathway
R5576 T9396 T9395 prep near,expressed
R5577 T9367 T9352 punct .,tip
R5578 T9369 T9370 prep Based,propose
R5579 T9371 T9369 prep on,Based
R5580 T9372 T9373 poss our,findings
R5581 T9397 T9398 det the,surface
R5582 T9373 T9371 pobj findings,on
R5583 T9374 T9370 nsubj we,propose
R5584 T9375 T9376 mark that,balanced
R5585 T9376 T9370 ccomp balanced,propose
R5586 T9398 T9396 pobj surface,near
R5587 T9377 T9376 nsubjpass cells,balanced
R5588 T9378 T9377 prep in,cells
R5589 T9399 T9398 amod coelomic,surface
R5590 T9379 T9380 det the,gonad
R5591 T9380 T9378 pobj gonad,in
R5592 T9381 T9380 amod mammalian,gonad
R5593 T9400 T9393 punct ", ",Fgf9
R5594 T9382 T9376 auxpass are,balanced
R5595 T9383 T9376 prep between,balanced
R5596 T9384 T9385 nummod two,fates
R5597 T9401 T9393 cc and,Fgf9
R5598 T9385 T9383 pobj fates,between
R5599 T9386 T9385 amod competing,fates
R5600 T9387 T9385 compound cell,fates
R5601 T9388 T9376 prep by,balanced
R5602 T9402 T9393 conj Wnt4,Fgf9
R5603 T9389 T9390 amod counterbalanced,pathways
R5604 T9390 T9388 pobj pathways,by
R5605 T9391 T9390 compound signaling,pathways
R5606 T9403 T9402 punct ", ",Wnt4
R5607 T9404 T9402 acl expressed,Wnt4
R5608 T9405 T9404 prep near,expressed
R5610 T9406 T9407 det the,border
R5612 T9407 T9405 pobj border,near
R5615 T9408 T9407 amod mesonephric,border
R5620 T9409 T9410 punct (,Figure
R5622 T9508 T9506 conj Fgf9,Sox9
R5623 T9410 T9376 parataxis Figure,balanced
R5624 T9509 T9499 punct ", ",results
R5625 T9510 T9499 advcl tilting,results
R5626 T9511 T9512 det the,balance
R5627 T9512 T9510 dobj balance,tilting
R5628 T9411 T9410 nummod 7,Figure
R5629 T9513 T9510 prep toward,tilting
R5630 T9514 T9513 pobj commitment,toward
R5631 T9515 T9514 prep to,commitment
R5632 T9516 T9517 det the,pathway
R5633 T9517 T9515 pobj pathway,to
R5634 T9518 T9517 amod female,pathway
R5635 T9412 T9410 punct ),Figure
R5636 T9519 T9499 punct .,results
R5637 T9521 T9522 amod Further,experiments
R5638 T9413 T9370 punct .,propose
R5639 T9522 T9523 nsubjpass experiments,required
R5640 T9524 T9523 aux will,required
R5641 T9415 T9416 prep In,initiates
R5642 T9525 T9523 auxpass be,required
R5643 T9526 T9527 aux to,define
R5644 T9527 T9523 advcl define,required
R5645 T9417 T9418 amod mammalian,gonads
R5646 T9528 T9529 det the,mechanism
R5647 T9418 T9415 pobj gonads,In
R5648 T9529 T9527 dobj mechanism,define
R5649 T9530 T9529 amod molecular,mechanism
R5650 T9419 T9418 compound XY,gonads
R5651 T9531 T9529 prep of,mechanism
R5652 T9532 T9533 nmod FGF9,action
R5653 T9533 T9531 pobj action,of
R5654 T9420 T9416 punct ", ",initiates
R5655 T9534 T9532 cc and,FGF9
R5656 T9535 T9532 conj WNT4,FGF9
R5657 T9536 T9523 punct .,required
R5658 T9421 T9422 det the,onset
R5659 T9538 T9539 advmod However,support
R5660 T9422 T9416 nsubj onset,initiates
R5661 T9540 T9539 punct ", ",support
R5662 T9541 T9542 poss our,data
R5663 T9542 T9539 nsubj data,support
R5664 T9423 T9422 prep of,onset
R5665 T9543 T9544 advmod in,vivo
R5666 T9544 T9542 amod vivo,data
R5667 T9545 T9544 cc and,vivo
R5668 T9424 T9425 compound Sry,expression
R5669 T9546 T9547 advmod in,vitro
R5670 T9547 T9544 conj vitro,vivo
R5671 T9548 T9539 advmod strongly,support
R5672 T9425 T9423 pobj expression,of
R5673 T9549 T9550 det the,relationship
R5674 T9550 T9539 dobj relationship,support
R5675 T9426 T9427 det the,pathway
R5676 T9551 T9550 amod antagonistic,relationship
R5677 T9552 T9550 prep of,relationship
R5678 T9553 T9554 det these,pathways
R5679 T9427 T9416 dobj pathway,initiates
R5680 T9554 T9552 pobj pathways,of
R5681 T9555 T9554 nummod two,pathways
R5682 T9556 T9554 compound signaling,pathways
R5683 T9428 T9427 amod male,pathway
R5684 T9557 T9539 prep in,support
R5685 T9558 T9557 pcomp regulating,in
R5686 T9559 T9558 dobj expression,regulating
R5687 T9560 T9559 prep of,expression
R5688 T9561 T9562 det the,SOX9
R5689 T9562 T9560 pobj SOX9,of
R5690 T9429 T9416 prep by,initiates
R5691 T9563 T9564 npadvmod testis,determining
R5692 T9564 T9566 amod determining,factor
R5693 T9565 T9564 punct -,determining
R5694 T9430 T9431 advmod up,regulating
R5695 T9566 T9562 compound factor,SOX9
R5696 T9567 T9539 punct .,support
R5697 T9431 T9429 pcomp regulating,by
R5698 T9432 T9431 punct -,regulating
R5699 T9433 T9431 dobj Sox9,regulating
R5700 T9434 T9416 punct .,initiates
R5701 T9436 T9437 nsubj SOX9,regulates
R5702 T9438 T9437 advmod up,regulates
R5703 T9439 T9437 punct -,regulates
R5704 T9440 T9437 dobj Fgf9,regulates
R5705 T9441 T9440 punct ", ",Fgf9
R5706 T9442 T9443 dep which,initiates
R5707 T9443 T9440 relcl initiates,Fgf9
R5708 T9444 T9445 det a,loop
R5709 T9445 T9443 dobj loop,initiates
R5710 T9446 T9447 nmod Sox9,Fgf9
R5711 T9447 T9445 nmod Fgf9,loop
R5712 T9448 T9447 punct /,Fgf9
R5713 T9449 T9445 nmod feed,loop
R5714 T9450 T9449 punct -,feed
R5715 T9451 T9449 advmod forward,feed
R5716 T9452 T9453 dep that,accelerates
R5717 T9453 T9445 relcl accelerates,loop
R5718 T9454 T9453 dobj commitment,accelerates
R5719 T9455 T9454 prep to,commitment
R5720 T9456 T9457 det the,pathway
R5721 T9457 T9455 pobj pathway,to
R5722 T9458 T9457 amod male,pathway
R5723 T9459 T9437 punct .,regulates
R5724 T9461 T9462 prep In,established
R5725 T9463 T9464 compound XX,gonads
R5726 T9464 T9461 pobj gonads,In
R5727 T9465 T9464 cc or,gonads
R5728 T9466 T9467 compound XY,gonads
R5729 T9467 T9464 conj gonads,gonads
R5730 T9468 T9467 compound mutant,gonads
R5731 T9469 T9467 acl lacking,gonads
R5732 T9470 T9469 dobj Sry,lacking
R5733 T9471 T9470 punct ", ",Sry
R5734 T9472 T9470 conj Sox9,Sry
R5735 T9473 T9472 punct ", ",Sox9
R5736 T9474 T9472 cc or,Sox9
R5737 T9475 T9472 conj Fgf9,Sox9
R5738 T9476 T9462 punct ", ",established
R5739 T9477 T9478 det the,loop
R5740 T9478 T9462 nsubjpass loop,established
R5741 T9479 T9480 nmod SOX9,FGF9
R5742 T9480 T9478 nmod FGF9,loop
R5743 T9481 T9480 punct /,FGF9
R5744 T9482 T9478 nmod feed,loop
R5745 T9483 T9482 punct -,feed
R5746 T9484 T9482 advmod forward,feed
R5747 T9485 T9462 auxpass is,established
R5748 T9486 T9462 neg not,established
R5749 T9487 T9462 punct ", ",established
R5750 T9488 T9462 cc and,established
R5751 T9489 T9490 nsubj WNT4,gains
R5752 T9490 T9462 conj gains,established
R5753 T9491 T9490 dobj control,gains
R5754 T9492 T9491 prep of,control
R5755 T9493 T9494 det the,field
R5756 T9494 T9492 pobj field,of
R5757 T9495 T9494 amod gonadal,field
R5758 T9496 T9462 punct .,established
R5759 T9626 T9625 cc and,Animals
R5760 T9627 T9625 conj genotyping,Animals
R5761 T9628 T9627 punct .,genotyping
R5762 T9630 T9631 det The,mutation
R5763 T9631 T9633 nsubjpass mutation,maintained
R5764 T9632 T9631 compound Fgf9,mutation
R5765 T9634 T9633 auxpass was,maintained
R5766 T9635 T9633 prep on,maintained
R5767 T9636 T9637 det a,background
R5768 T9637 T9635 pobj background,on
R5769 T9638 T9637 nmod C57BL,background
R5770 T9639 T9638 punct /,C57BL
R5771 T9640 T9638 nummod 6,C57BL
R5772 T9641 T9638 punct (,C57BL
R5773 T9642 T9638 appos B6,C57BL
R5774 T9643 T9638 punct ),C57BL
R5775 T9644 T9645 dep that,leads
R5776 T9645 T9637 relcl leads,background
R5777 T9646 T9645 prep to,leads
R5778 T9647 T9648 compound sex,reversal
R5779 T9648 T9646 pobj reversal,to
R5780 T9649 T9645 prep in,leads
R5781 T9650 T9651 nummod 100,%
R5782 T9651 T9649 pobj %,in
R5783 T9652 T9651 prep of,%
R5784 T9653 T9654 nmod XY,offspring
R5785 T9654 T9652 pobj offspring,of
R5786 T9655 T9654 nmod Fgf9,offspring
R5787 T9656 T9655 punct −,Fgf9
R5788 T9657 T9655 punct /,Fgf9
R5789 T9658 T9655 punct −,Fgf9
R5790 T9659 T9633 punct .,maintained
R5791 T9661 T9662 compound Sry,EGFP
R5792 T9662 T9664 compound EGFP,mice
R5793 T9663 T9662 punct -,EGFP
R5794 T9664 T9665 nsubj mice,were
R5795 T9666 T9664 punct ", ",mice
R5796 T9667 T9668 det a,gift
R5797 T9668 T9664 appos gift,mice
R5798 T9669 T9668 compound kind,gift
R5799 T9670 T9668 prep from,gift
R5800 T9671 T9672 compound K.,Albrecht
R5801 T9672 T9670 pobj Albrecht,from
R5802 T9673 T9672 cc and,Albrecht
R5803 T9674 T9675 compound E.,Eicher
R5804 T9675 T9672 conj Eicher,Albrecht
R5805 T9676 T9665 punct ", ",were
R5806 T9677 T9665 advmod initially,were
R5807 T9678 T9665 prep on,were
R5808 T9679 T9680 det a,B6
R5809 T9680 T9678 pobj B6,on
R5810 T9681 T9680 amod mixed,B6
R5811 T9682 T9680 punct /,B6
R5812 T9683 T9680 nummod 129,B6
R5813 T9684 T9665 cc and,were
R5814 T9685 T9686 auxpass were,backcrossed
R5815 T9686 T9665 conj backcrossed,were
R5816 T9687 T9686 prep to,backcrossed
R5817 T9688 T9687 pobj B6,to
R5818 T9689 T9686 prep for,backcrossed
R5819 T9690 T9691 nummod five,generations
R5820 T9691 T9689 pobj generations,for
R5821 T9692 T9665 punct .,were
R5822 T9694 T9695 nsubjpass Offspring,crossed
R5823 T9696 T9695 auxpass were,crossed
R5824 T9697 T9695 advmod then,crossed
R5825 T9698 T9695 prep to,crossed
R5826 T9699 T9698 pobj Fgf9,to
R5827 T9700 T9699 punct +,Fgf9
R5828 T9701 T9699 punct /,Fgf9
R5829 T9702 T9699 punct −,Fgf9
R5830 T9703 T9695 cc and,crossed
R5831 T9704 T9695 conj intercrossed,crossed
R5832 T9705 T9704 cc and,intercrossed
R5833 T9706 T9704 conj backcrossed,intercrossed
R5834 T9707 T9706 prep to,backcrossed
R5835 T9708 T9707 pobj B6,to
R5836 T9709 T9704 prep in,intercrossed
R5837 T9710 T9711 amod alternating,generations
R5838 T9711 T9709 pobj generations,in
R5839 T9712 T9695 punct .,crossed
R5840 T9714 T9715 det All,offspring
R5841 T9715 T9721 nsubj offspring,showed
R5842 T9716 T9715 nmod XY,offspring
R5843 T9717 T9715 nmod Fgf9,offspring
R5844 T9718 T9717 punct −,Fgf9
R5845 T9719 T9717 punct /,Fgf9
R5846 T9720 T9717 punct −,Fgf9
R5847 T9722 T9723 amod complete,reversal
R5848 T9723 T9721 dobj reversal,showed
R5849 T9724 T9723 compound sex,reversal
R5850 T9725 T9721 punct .,showed
R5851 T9727 T9728 compound Sry Myc,mice
R5852 T9728 T9729 nsubjpass mice,maintained
R5853 T9730 T9729 auxpass were,maintained
R5854 T9731 T9729 prep on,maintained
R5855 T9732 T9733 det a,background
R5856 T9733 T9731 pobj background,on
R5857 T9734 T9733 compound CBA,background
R5858 T9735 T9729 punct ", ",maintained
R5859 T9736 T9729 cc and,maintained
R5860 T9737 T9729 conj Wnt4,maintained
R5861 T9738 T9737 prep on,Wnt4
R5862 T9739 T9740 det a,background
R5863 T9740 T9738 pobj background,on
R5864 T9741 T9740 amod mixed,background
R5865 T9742 T9743 nummod 129,SVJ
R5866 T9743 T9740 compound SVJ,background
R5867 T9744 T9743 punct /,SVJ
R5868 T9745 T9737 punct .,Wnt4
R5869 T9747 T9748 compound Mutant,embryos
R5870 T9748 T9749 nsubjpass embryos,sexed
R5871 T9750 T9749 auxpass were,sexed
R5872 T9751 T9749 prep by,sexed
R5873 T9752 T9751 pobj PCR,by
R5874 T9753 T9749 advcl using,sexed
R5875 T9754 T9755 compound Y,chromosome
R5876 T9755 T9756 npadvmod chromosome,specific
R5877 T9756 T9758 amod specific,primers
R5878 T9757 T9756 punct -,specific
R5879 T9758 T9753 dobj primers,using
R5880 T9759 T9749 cc and,sexed
R5881 T9760 T9761 auxpass were,genotyped
R5882 T9761 T9749 conj genotyped,sexed
R5883 T9762 T9763 mark as,described
R5884 T9763 T9761 advcl described,genotyped
R5885 T9764 T9765 punct [,55
R5886 T9765 T9761 parataxis 55,genotyped
R5887 T9766 T9765 nummod 2,55
R5888 T9767 T9765 punct ",",55
R5889 T9768 T9765 nummod 16,55
R5890 T9769 T9765 punct ",",55
R5891 T9770 T9765 nummod 26,55
R5892 T9771 T9765 punct ",",55
R5893 T9772 T9765 punct ],55
R5894 T9773 T9749 punct .,sexed
R5895 T9775 T9776 nsubjpass Mice,generated
R5896 T9777 T9775 amod homozygous,Mice
R5897 T9778 T9777 prep for,homozygous
R5898 T9779 T9780 det the,deletion
R5899 T9780 T9778 pobj deletion,for
R5900 T9781 T9780 compound Sox9,deletion
R5901 T9782 T9776 auxpass were,generated
R5902 T9783 T9776 advcl using,generated
R5903 T9784 T9785 det a,system
R5904 T9785 T9783 dobj system,using
R5905 T9786 T9787 npadvmod germline,specific
R5906 T9787 T9785 amod specific,system
R5907 T9788 T9787 punct -,specific
R5908 T9789 T9790 compound gene,deletion
R5909 T9790 T9785 compound deletion,system
R5910 T9791 T9792 mark as,described
R5911 T9792 T9776 advcl described,generated
R5912 T9793 T9794 punct [,20
R5913 T9794 T9776 parataxis 20,generated
R5914 T9795 T9794 punct ],20
R5915 T9796 T9776 punct .,generated
R5916 T9946 T9947 advmod In,situ
R5917 T9947 T9948 amod situ,hybridization
R5918 T9949 T9948 cc and,hybridization
R5919 T9950 T9948 conj immunocytochemistry,hybridization
R5920 T9951 T9950 punct .,immunocytochemistry
R5921 T9953 T9954 advmod In,situ
R5922 T9954 T9955 amod situ,hybridization
R5923 T9955 T9956 nsubjpass hybridization,performed
R5924 T9957 T9956 auxpass was,performed
R5925 T9958 T9956 prep on,performed
R5926 T9959 T9960 npadvmod paraformaldehyde,fixed
R5927 T9960 T9962 amod fixed,embedded
R5928 T9961 T9960 punct -,fixed
R5929 T9962 T9965 amod embedded,cryosections
R5930 T9963 T9962 punct /,embedded
R5931 T9964 T9962 npadvmod OCT,embedded
R5932 T9965 T9958 pobj cryosections,on
R5933 T9966 T9956 punct ", ",performed
R5934 T9967 T9968 mark as,described
R5935 T9968 T9956 advcl described,performed
R5936 T9969 T9970 punct [,56
R5937 T9970 T9956 parataxis 56,performed
R5938 T9971 T9970 punct ],56
R5939 T9972 T9956 punct .,performed
R5940 T9974 T9975 amod Whole,mount
R5941 T9975 T9977 nmod mount,hybridization
R5942 T9976 T9975 punct -,mount
R5943 T9977 T9980 nsubjpass hybridization,performed
R5944 T9978 T9979 advmod in,situ
R5945 T9979 T9977 amod situ,hybridization
R5946 T9981 T9980 auxpass was,performed
R5947 T9982 T9983 mark as,described
R5948 T9983 T9980 advcl described,performed
R5949 T9984 T9983 advmod previously,described
R5950 T9985 T9986 punct [,57
R5951 T9986 T9980 parataxis 57,performed
R5952 T9987 T9986 punct ],57
R5953 T9988 T9980 punct .,performed
R5954 T9990 T9991 nsubj Probes,were
R5955 T9992 T9990 acl used,Probes
R5956 T9993 T9992 prep for,used
R5957 T9994 T9995 advmod in,situ
R5958 T9995 T9996 amod situ,hybridization
R5959 T9996 T9993 pobj hybridization,for
R5960 T9997 T9991 punct : ,were
R5961 T9998 T9991 attr Amh,were
R5962 T9999 T10000 punct [,58
R5963 T10000 T9998 parataxis 58,Amh
R5964 T10001 T10000 punct ],58
R5965 T10002 T9998 punct ", ",Amh
R5966 T10003 T9998 conj Dhh,Amh
R5967 T10004 T10005 punct [,20
R5968 T10005 T10003 parataxis 20,Dhh
R5969 T10006 T10005 punct ],20
R5970 T10007 T10003 punct ", ",Dhh
R5971 T10008 T10003 conj Wnt4,Dhh
R5972 T10009 T10010 punct [,8
R5973 T10010 T10008 parataxis 8,Wnt4
R5974 T10011 T10010 punct ],8
R5975 T10012 T10008 punct ", ",Wnt4
R5976 T10013 T10008 cc and,Wnt4
R5977 T10014 T10008 conj Fgf9,Wnt4
R5978 T10015 T10016 punct [,59
R5979 T10016 T10014 parataxis 59,Fgf9
R5980 T10017 T10016 punct ],59
R5981 T10018 T9991 punct .,were
R5982 T10020 T10021 npadvmod Digoxigenin,labeled
R5983 T10021 T10023 amod labeled,probes
R5984 T10022 T10021 punct -,labeled
R5985 T10023 T10024 nsubjpass probes,prepared
R5986 T10025 T10024 auxpass were,prepared
R5987 T10026 T10024 prep according,prepared
R5988 T10027 T10026 prep to,according
R5989 T10028 T10029 det the,protocol
R5990 T10029 T10027 pobj protocol,to
R5991 T10030 T10031 compound Boehringer,Roche
R5992 T10031 T10029 compound Roche,protocol
R5993 T10032 T10031 punct -,Roche
R5994 T10033 T10031 compound Mannheim,Roche
R5995 T10034 T10031 punct -,Roche
R5996 T10035 T10024 punct .,prepared
R5997 T10037 T10038 nsubj Antibodies,were
R5998 T10039 T10037 acl used,Antibodies
R5999 T10040 T10039 prep in,used
R6000 T10041 T10042 amod whole,mount
R6001 T10042 T10044 compound mount,immunocytochemistry
R6002 T10043 T10042 punct -,mount
R6003 T10044 T10040 pobj immunocytochemistry,in
R6004 T10045 T10038 punct : ,were
R6005 T10046 T10047 nmod mouse,MYC
R6006 T10047 T10038 attr MYC,were
R6007 T10048 T10047 amod monoclonal,MYC
R6008 T10049 T10047 amod anti-N,MYC
R6009 T10050 T10047 punct -,MYC
R6010 T10051 T10052 punct (,1
R6011 T10052 T10047 parataxis 1,MYC
R6012 T10053 T10054 compound Cell,Signaling
R6013 T10054 T10055 compound Signaling,Technology
R6014 T10055 T10052 dep Technology,1
R6015 T10056 T10055 punct ", ",Technology
R6016 T10057 T10055 npadvmod Beverly,Technology
R6017 T10058 T10055 punct ", ",Technology
R6018 T10059 T10055 npadvmod Massachusetts,Technology
R6019 T10060 T10055 punct ", ",Technology
R6020 T10061 T10062 compound United,States
R6021 T10062 T10055 npadvmod States,Technology
R6022 T10063 T10052 punct ;,1
R6023 T10064 T10065 punct :,100
R6024 T10065 T10052 prep 100,1
R6025 T10066 T10052 punct ),1
R6026 T10067 T10047 punct ", ",MYC
R6027 T10068 T10047 conj rabbit,MYC
R6028 T10069 T10068 amod anti-SOX9,rabbit
R6029 T10070 T10071 punct (,1
R6030 T10071 T10068 parataxis 1,rabbit
R6031 T10072 T10071 dep gift,1
R6032 T10073 T10072 prep of,gift
R6033 T10074 T10075 compound F.,Poulat
R6034 T10075 T10073 pobj Poulat,of
R6035 T10076 T10071 punct ;,1
R6036 T10077 T10078 punct :,"1,000"
R6037 T10078 T10071 prep "1,000",1
R6038 T10079 T10071 punct ),1
R6039 T10080 T10068 punct ", ",rabbit
R6040 T10081 T10068 conj rat,rabbit
R6041 T10082 T10081 amod anti-PECAM,rat
R6042 T10083 T10084 punct (,1
R6043 T10084 T10081 parataxis 1,rat
R6044 T10085 T10084 dep Pharmingen,1
R6045 T10086 T10085 punct ", ",Pharmingen
R6046 T10087 T10088 compound San,Diego
R6047 T10088 T10085 npadvmod Diego,Pharmingen
R6048 T10089 T10085 punct ", ",Pharmingen
R6049 T10090 T10085 npadvmod California,Pharmingen
R6050 T10091 T10085 punct ", ",Pharmingen
R6051 T10092 T10093 compound United,States
R6052 T10093 T10085 npadvmod States,Pharmingen
R6053 T10094 T10084 punct ;,1
R6054 T10095 T10096 punct :,500
R6055 T10096 T10084 prep 500,1
R6056 T10097 T10084 punct ),1
R6057 T10098 T10081 punct ", ",rat
R6058 T10099 T10100 nmod rabbit,fragment
R6059 T10100 T10081 conj fragment,rat
R6060 T10101 T10102 amod anti-caspase,3
R6061 T10102 T10100 nummod 3,fragment
R6062 T10103 T10102 punct -,3
R6063 T10104 T10105 punct (,1
R6064 T10105 T10100 parataxis 1,fragment
R6065 T10106 T10107 compound BD,Bioscience
R6066 T10107 T10105 dep Bioscience,1
R6067 T10108 T10107 punct ", ",Bioscience
R6068 T10109 T10110 compound San,Diego
R6069 T10110 T10107 npadvmod Diego,Bioscience
R6070 T10111 T10107 punct ", ",Bioscience
R6071 T10112 T10107 npadvmod California,Bioscience
R6072 T10113 T10107 punct ", ",Bioscience
R6073 T10114 T10115 compound United,States
R6074 T10115 T10107 npadvmod States,Bioscience
R6075 T10116 T10105 punct ;,1
R6076 T10117 T10118 punct :,100
R6077 T10118 T10105 prep 100,1
R6078 T10119 T10105 punct ),1
R6079 T10120 T10100 punct ", ",fragment
R6080 T10121 T10100 cc and,fragment
R6081 T10122 T10123 nmod rabbit,H3
R6082 T10123 T10100 conj H3,fragment
R6083 T10124 T10123 amod anti-phosphorylated,H3
R6084 T10125 T10123 compound histone,H3
R6085 T10126 T10127 punct (,1
R6086 T10127 T10123 parataxis 1,H3
R6087 T10128 T10129 compound Cell,Signaling
R6088 T10129 T10127 dep Signaling,1
R6089 T10130 T10127 punct ;,1
R6090 T10131 T10132 punct :,250
R6091 T10132 T10127 prep 250,1
R6092 T10133 T10127 punct ),1
R6093 T10134 T10038 punct .,were
R6094 T10136 T10137 compound Antibody,binding
R6095 T10137 T10138 nsubjpass binding,detected
R6096 T10139 T10138 auxpass was,detected
R6097 T10140 T10138 advcl using,detected
R6098 T10141 T10142 npadvmod fluorophore,conjugated
R6099 T10142 T10144 amod conjugated,antibodies
R6100 T10143 T10142 punct -,conjugated
R6101 T10144 T10140 dobj antibodies,using
R6102 T10145 T10144 amod secondary,antibodies
R6103 T10146 T10147 punct (,ImmunoResearch
R6104 T10147 T10144 parataxis ImmunoResearch,antibodies
R6105 T10148 T10147 compound Jackson,ImmunoResearch
R6106 T10149 T10147 punct ", ",ImmunoResearch
R6107 T10150 T10151 compound West,Grove
R6108 T10151 T10147 npadvmod Grove,ImmunoResearch
R6109 T10152 T10147 punct ", ",ImmunoResearch
R6110 T10153 T10147 npadvmod Pennsylvania,ImmunoResearch
R6111 T10154 T10147 punct ", ",ImmunoResearch
R6112 T10155 T10156 compound United,States
R6113 T10156 T10147 npadvmod States,ImmunoResearch
R6114 T10157 T10147 punct ),ImmunoResearch
R6115 T10158 T10159 mark as,recommended
R6116 T10159 T10138 advcl recommended,detected
R6117 T10160 T10138 punct .,detected
R6118 T10162 T10163 prep For,prepared
R6119 T10164 T10165 compound FGF9,immunostaining
R6120 T10165 T10162 pobj immunostaining,For
R6121 T10166 T10163 punct ", ",prepared
R6122 T10167 T10163 nsubjpass gonads,prepared
R6123 T10168 T10163 auxpass were,prepared
R6124 T10169 T10163 prep as,prepared
R6125 T10170 T10171 amod frozen,sections
R6126 T10171 T10169 pobj sections,as
R6127 T10172 T10163 punct ", ",prepared
R6128 T10173 T10163 cc and,prepared
R6129 T10174 T10175 nmod rabbit,FGF9
R6130 T10175 T10177 nsubjpass FGF9,used
R6131 T10176 T10175 amod anti-mouse,FGF9
R6132 T10177 T10163 conj used,prepared
R6133 T10178 T10179 punct (,1
R6134 T10179 T10175 parataxis 1,FGF9
R6135 T10180 T10181 compound Cell,Science
R6136 T10181 T10179 dep Science,1
R6137 T10182 T10179 punct ;,1
R6138 T10183 T10184 punct :,50
R6139 T10184 T10179 prep 50,1
R6140 T10185 T10179 punct ),1
R6141 T10186 T10175 cc and,FGF9
R6142 T10187 T10188 amod anti-rabbit,IgG
R6143 T10188 T10175 conj IgG,FGF9
R6144 T10189 T10188 acl conjugated,IgG
R6145 T10190 T10189 prep with,conjugated
R6146 T10191 T10192 nmod peroxidase,antibody
R6147 T10192 T10190 pobj antibody,with
R6148 T10193 T10192 amod secondary,antibody
R6149 T10194 T10177 auxpass were,used
R6150 T10195 T10177 punct ", ",used
R6151 T10196 T10177 advcl followed,used
R6152 T10197 T10196 prep by,followed
R6153 T10198 T10197 pobj amplification,by
R6154 T10199 T10198 prep with,amplification
R6155 T10200 T10201 compound tyramide,Cy3
R6156 T10201 T10203 compound Cy3,fluorophore
R6157 T10202 T10201 punct -,Cy3
R6158 T10203 T10199 pobj fluorophore,with
R6159 T10204 T10205 punct (,Probes
R6160 T10205 T10203 parataxis Probes,fluorophore
R6161 T10206 T10205 compound Molecular,Probes
R6162 T10207 T10205 punct ", ",Probes
R6163 T10208 T10205 npadvmod Eugene,Probes
R6164 T10209 T10205 punct ", ",Probes
R6165 T10210 T10205 npadvmod Oregon,Probes
R6166 T10211 T10205 punct ", ",Probes
R6167 T10212 T10213 compound United,States
R6168 T10213 T10205 npadvmod States,Probes
R6169 T10214 T10205 punct ),Probes
R6170 T10215 T10163 punct .,prepared
R6171 T10217 T10218 det This,antibody
R6172 T10218 T10219 nsubj antibody,detect
R6173 T10220 T10219 aux did,detect
R6174 T10221 T10219 neg not,detect
R6175 T10222 T10219 dobj FGF9,detect
R6176 T10223 T10219 prep in,detect
R6177 T10224 T10225 nummod 12.5,dpc
R6178 T10225 T10226 compound dpc,ovary
R6179 T10226 T10223 pobj ovary,in
R6180 T10227 T10226 cc or,ovary
R6181 T10228 T10229 npadvmod Fgf9,null
R6182 T10229 T10233 amod null,gonads
R6183 T10230 T10228 punct −,Fgf9
R6184 T10231 T10228 punct /,Fgf9
R6185 T10232 T10228 punct −,Fgf9
R6186 T10233 T10226 conj gonads,ovary
R6187 T10234 T10233 compound mutant,gonads
R6188 T10235 T10219 punct .,detect
R6189 T10237 T10238 amod Immunostained,samples
R6190 T10238 T10239 nsubjpass samples,mounted
R6191 T10240 T10239 auxpass were,mounted
R6192 T10241 T10239 prep in,mounted
R6193 T10242 T10241 pobj DABCO,in
R6194 T10243 T10239 cc and,mounted
R6195 T10244 T10239 conj imaged,mounted
R6196 T10245 T10244 prep on,imaged
R6197 T10246 T10247 det a,microscope
R6198 T10247 T10245 pobj microscope,on
R6199 T10248 T10249 nmod Zeiss,LSM420
R6200 T10249 T10247 nmod LSM420,microscope
R6201 T10250 T10247 amod confocal,microscope
R6202 T10251 T10239 punct .,mounted
R6205 T10320 T10321 amod Primary,culture
R6206 T10322 T10321 amod gonadal,culture
R6207 T10323 T10321 compound cell,culture
R6208 T10324 T10321 punct .,culture
R6209 T10326 T10327 nummod 11.5,dpc
R6210 T10327 T10328 compound dpc,embryos
R6211 T10328 T10329 nsubjpass embryos,collected
R6212 T10330 T10329 auxpass were,collected
R6213 T10331 T10329 prep from,collected
R6214 T10332 T10333 compound CD1,mice
R6215 T10333 T10331 pobj mice,from
R6216 T10334 T10329 punct ", ",collected
R6217 T10335 T10329 cc and,collected
R6218 T10336 T10337 nsubjpass sex,determined
R6219 T10337 T10329 conj determined,collected
R6220 T10338 T10337 auxpass was,determined
R6221 T10339 T10337 prep by,determined
R6222 T10340 T10339 pcomp staining,by
R6223 T10341 T10340 dobj amnions,staining
R6224 T10342 T10343 mark as,described
R6225 T10343 T10337 advcl described,determined
R6226 T10344 T10345 punct [,15
R6227 T10345 T10337 parataxis 15,determined
R6228 T10346 T10345 punct ],15
R6229 T10347 T10337 punct .,determined
R6230 T10349 T10350 amod Whole,ridges
R6231 T10350 T10352 nsubjpass ridges,dissected
R6232 T10351 T10350 amod genital,ridges
R6233 T10353 T10352 auxpass were,dissected
R6234 T10354 T10352 cc and,dissected
R6235 T10355 T10356 nsubjpass gonads,separated
R6236 T10356 T10352 conj separated,dissected
R6237 T10357 T10356 auxpass were,separated
R6238 T10358 T10356 prep from,separated
R6239 T10359 T10358 pobj mesonephroi,from
R6240 T10360 T10356 punct .,separated
R6241 T10362 T10363 det The,gonads
R6242 T10363 T10364 nsubjpass gonads,treated
R6243 T10365 T10364 auxpass were,treated
R6244 T10366 T10364 prep with,treated
R6245 T10367 T10366 pobj collagenase,with
R6246 T10368 T10369 punct (,%
R6247 T10369 T10367 parataxis %,collagenase
R6248 T10370 T10369 nummod 0.025,%
R6249 T10371 T10369 punct ),%
R6250 T10372 T10367 cc and,collagenase
R6251 T10373 T10367 conj trypsin,collagenase
R6252 T10374 T10375 punct (,%
R6253 T10375 T10373 parataxis %,trypsin
R6254 T10376 T10375 nummod 0.025,%
R6255 T10377 T10375 punct ),%
R6256 T10378 T10364 prep in,treated
R6257 T10379 T10380 compound HAT,buffer
R6258 T10380 T10378 pobj buffer,in
R6259 T10381 T10364 prep at,treated
R6260 T10382 T10383 nummod 37,°C
R6261 T10383 T10381 pobj °C,at
R6262 T10384 T10364 prep for,treated
R6263 T10385 T10386 nummod 10,min
R6264 T10386 T10384 pobj min,for
R6265 T10387 T10364 punct .,treated
R6266 T10389 T10390 prep After,dissociated
R6267 T10391 T10392 det the,digestion
R6268 T10392 T10389 pobj digestion,After
R6269 T10393 T10390 punct ", ",dissociated
R6270 T10394 T10390 nsubjpass cells,dissociated
R6271 T10395 T10390 auxpass were,dissociated
R6272 T10396 T10390 advmod mechanically,dissociated
R6273 T10397 T10390 prep by,dissociated
R6274 T10398 T10397 pobj pipetting,by
R6275 T10399 T10390 punct ", ",dissociated
R6276 T10400 T10390 dep washed,dissociated
R6277 T10401 T10400 prep in,washed
R6278 T10402 T10401 pobj DMEM,in
R6279 T10403 T10390 punct ", ",dissociated
R6280 T10404 T10390 dep plated,dissociated
R6281 T10405 T10404 prep on,plated
R6282 T10406 T10407 nummod 10,mm
R6283 T10407 T10409 compound mm,diameter
R6284 T10408 T10407 punct -,mm
R6285 T10409 T10410 compound diameter,coverslips
R6286 T10410 T10405 pobj coverslips,on
R6287 T10411 T10410 acl coated,coverslips
R6288 T10412 T10411 prep with,coated
R6289 T10413 T10414 amod extracellular,matrix
R6290 T10414 T10412 pobj matrix,with
R6291 T10415 T10416 punct (,Sigma
R6292 T10416 T10414 parataxis Sigma,matrix
R6293 T10417 T10416 punct ),Sigma
R6294 T10418 T10390 punct ", ",dissociated
R6295 T10419 T10390 cc and,dissociated
R6296 T10420 T10421 auxpass were,cultured
R6297 T10421 T10390 conj cultured,dissociated
R6298 T10422 T10421 prep in,cultured
R6299 T10423 T10422 pobj DMEM,in
R6300 T10424 T10423 acl containing,DMEM
R6301 T10425 T10426 nummod 5,%
R6302 T10426 T10427 nmod %,serum
R6303 T10427 T10424 dobj serum,containing
R6304 T10428 T10429 amod fetal,bovine
R6305 T10429 T10427 nmod bovine,serum
R6306 T10430 T10424 cc and,containing
R6307 T10431 T10432 nummod 1,antimycotics
R6308 T10432 T10424 conj antimycotics,containing
R6309 T10433 T10431 punct ×,1
R6310 T10434 T10432 compound antibiotics,antimycotics
R6311 T10435 T10432 punct /,antimycotics
R6312 T10436 T10421 prep at,cultured
R6313 T10437 T10438 nummod 37,°C
R6314 T10438 T10436 pobj °C,at
R6315 T10439 T10438 punct ", ",°C
R6316 T10440 T10441 nummod 5,%
R6317 T10441 T10442 compound %,CO 2
R6318 T10442 T10438 appos CO 2,°C
R6319 T10443 T10390 punct .,dissociated
R6320 T10445 T10446 prep In,added
R6321 T10447 T10445 pobj one,In
R6322 T10448 T10447 prep of,one
R6323 T10449 T10450 amod duplicate,cultures
R6324 T10450 T10448 pobj cultures,of
R6325 T10451 T10446 punct ", ",added
R6326 T10452 T10446 nsubjpass FGF9,added
R6327 T10453 T10454 punct (,Systems
R6328 T10454 T10452 parataxis Systems,FGF9
R6329 T10455 T10454 nmod R,Systems
R6330 T10456 T10455 cc &,R
R6331 T10457 T10455 conj D,R
R6332 T10458 T10454 punct ", ",Systems
R6333 T10459 T10454 npadvmod Minneapolis,Systems
R6334 T10460 T10454 punct ", ",Systems
R6335 T10461 T10454 npadvmod Minnesota,Systems
R6336 T10462 T10454 punct ", ",Systems
R6337 T10463 T10464 compound United,States
R6338 T10464 T10454 npadvmod States,Systems
R6339 T10465 T10454 punct ),Systems
R6340 T10466 T10446 auxpass was,added
R6341 T10467 T10446 prep to,added
R6342 T10468 T10469 det the,concentration
R6343 T10469 T10467 pobj concentration,to
R6344 T10470 T10469 amod final,concentration
R6345 T10471 T10469 prep of,concentration
R6346 T10472 T10473 nummod 50,ng
R6347 T10473 T10471 pobj ng,of
R6348 T10474 T10475 punct /,ml
R6349 T10475 T10473 prep ml,ng
R6350 T10476 T10446 prep in,added
R6351 T10477 T10478 det the,medium
R6352 T10478 T10476 pobj medium,in
R6353 T10479 T10478 compound culture,medium
R6354 T10480 T10446 punct .,added
R6355 T10482 T10483 prep After,fixed
R6356 T10484 T10485 nummod 36,h
R6357 T10485 T10482 pobj h,After
R6358 T10486 T10485 prep of,h
R6359 T10487 T10486 pobj culture,of
R6360 T10488 T10483 punct ", ",fixed
R6361 T10489 T10483 nsubjpass cells,fixed
R6362 T10490 T10483 auxpass were,fixed
R6363 T10491 T10483 cc and,fixed
R6364 T10492 T10483 conj immunostained,fixed
R6365 T10493 T10492 prep for,immunostained
R6366 T10494 T10493 pobj SOX9,for
R6367 T10495 T10483 punct .,fixed
R6368 T10497 T10498 nsubjpass Syto13,used
R6369 T10499 T10500 punct (,Probes
R6370 T10500 T10497 parataxis Probes,Syto13
R6371 T10501 T10500 compound Molecular,Probes
R6372 T10502 T10500 punct ),Probes
R6373 T10503 T10498 auxpass was,used
R6374 T10504 T10498 prep for,used
R6375 T10505 T10506 amod nuclear,counterstaining
R6376 T10506 T10504 pobj counterstaining,for
R6377 T10507 T10498 punct ", ",used
R6378 T10508 T10498 prep according,used
R6379 T10509 T10508 prep to,according
R6380 T10510 T10511 det the,manufacturer
R6381 T10511 T10512 poss manufacturer,instruction
R6382 T10512 T10509 pobj instruction,to
R6383 T10513 T10511 case 's,manufacturer
R6384 T10514 T10498 punct .,used
R6385 T10540 T10541 compound Gonad,explant
R6386 T10541 T10542 compound explant,culture
R6387 T10543 T10542 punct .,culture
R6388 T10545 T10546 compound Gonad,mesonephros
R6389 T10546 T10548 compound mesonephros,complexes
R6390 T10547 T10546 punct /,mesonephros
R6391 T10548 T10549 nsubjpass complexes,dissected
R6392 T10550 T10549 auxpass were,dissected
R6393 T10551 T10549 prep at,dissected
R6394 T10552 T10553 nummod 11.5,dpc
R6395 T10553 T10551 pobj dpc,at
R6396 T10554 T10549 cc and,dissected
R6397 T10555 T10549 conj cultured,dissected
R6398 T10556 T10555 prep on,cultured
R6399 T10557 T10558 compound agar,blocks
R6400 T10558 T10556 pobj blocks,on
R6401 T10559 T10555 prep for,cultured
R6402 T10560 T10561 nummod 36,h
R6403 T10561 T10559 pobj h,for
R6404 T10562 T10555 prep at,cultured
R6405 T10563 T10564 nummod 37,°C
R6406 T10564 T10562 pobj °C,at
R6407 T10565 T10564 punct ", ",°C
R6408 T10566 T10567 nummod 5,%
R6409 T10567 T10568 compound %,CO 2
R6410 T10568 T10564 appos CO 2,°C
R6411 T10569 T10570 mark as,described
R6412 T10570 T10555 advcl described,cultured
R6413 T10571 T10572 punct [,60
R6414 T10572 T10555 parataxis 60,cultured
R6415 T10573 T10572 punct ],60
R6416 T10574 T10549 punct .,dissected
R6417 T10576 T10577 prep For,added
R6418 T10578 T10579 compound FGF9,treatment
R6419 T10579 T10576 pobj treatment,For
R6420 T10580 T10577 punct ", ",added
R6421 T10581 T10582 nummod 50,ng
R6422 T10582 T10583 nmod ng,FGF9
R6423 T10583 T10577 nsubjpass FGF9,added
R6424 T10584 T10585 punct /,ml
R6425 T10585 T10582 prep ml,ng
R6426 T10586 T10587 punct (,Systems
R6427 T10587 T10583 parataxis Systems,FGF9
R6428 T10588 T10587 nmod R,Systems
R6429 T10589 T10588 cc &,R
R6430 T10590 T10588 conj D,R
R6431 T10591 T10587 punct ),Systems
R6432 T10592 T10577 auxpass was,added
R6433 T10593 T10577 advmod directly,added
R6434 T10594 T10577 prep to,added
R6435 T10595 T10596 det the,medium
R6436 T10596 T10594 pobj medium,to
R6437 T10597 T10596 compound culture,medium
R6438 T10598 T10577 punct ", ",added
R6439 T10599 T10577 cc or,added
R6440 T10600 T10601 det an,bead
R6441 T10601 T10605 nsubjpass bead,placed
R6442 T10602 T10603 npadvmod FGF9,loaded
R6443 T10603 T10601 amod loaded,bead
R6444 T10604 T10603 punct -,loaded
R6445 T10605 T10577 conj placed,added
R6446 T10606 T10605 auxpass was,placed
R6447 T10607 T10605 prep on,placed
R6448 T10608 T10609 det the,surface
R6449 T10609 T10607 pobj surface,on
R6450 T10610 T10609 prep of,surface
R6451 T10611 T10610 pobj gonad,of
R6452 T10612 T10577 punct .,added
R6453 T10614 T10615 aux To,coat
R6454 T10615 T10616 advcl coat,incubated
R6455 T10617 T10615 dobj beads,coat
R6456 T10618 T10616 punct ", ",incubated
R6457 T10619 T10620 compound heparin,agarose
R6458 T10620 T10622 compound agarose,beads
R6459 T10621 T10620 punct -,agarose
R6460 T10622 T10616 nsubjpass beads,incubated
R6461 T10623 T10624 punct (,Sigma
R6462 T10624 T10622 parataxis Sigma,beads
R6463 T10625 T10624 punct ", ",Sigma
R6464 T10626 T10627 compound St.,Louis
R6465 T10627 T10624 npadvmod Louis,Sigma
R6466 T10628 T10624 punct ", ",Sigma
R6467 T10629 T10624 npadvmod Missouri,Sigma
R6468 T10630 T10624 punct ", ",Sigma
R6469 T10631 T10632 compound United,States
R6470 T10632 T10624 npadvmod States,Sigma
R6471 T10633 T10624 punct ),Sigma
R6472 T10634 T10616 auxpass were,incubated
R6473 T10635 T10616 prep in,incubated
R6474 T10636 T10637 nummod 50,μg
R6475 T10637 T10638 nmod μg,FGF9
R6476 T10638 T10635 pobj FGF9,in
R6477 T10639 T10640 punct /,ml
R6478 T10640 T10637 prep ml,μg
R6479 T10641 T10616 prep for,incubated
R6480 T10642 T10643 nummod 2,h
R6481 T10643 T10641 pobj h,for
R6482 T10644 T10616 punct ", ",incubated
R6483 T10645 T10616 cc and,incubated
R6484 T10646 T10616 conj washed,incubated
R6485 T10647 T10648 nummod five,times
R6486 T10648 T10646 npadvmod times,washed
R6487 T10649 T10646 prep in,washed
R6488 T10650 T10651 compound culture,medium
R6489 T10651 T10649 pobj medium,in
R6490 T10652 T10616 punct .,incubated
R716 T1686 T1684 acl required,evidence
R924 T1920 T1919 punct -,autonomous
R930 T1925 T1926 advmod However,resulted
R5412 T9238 T9239 mark that,function
R5432 T9254 T9239 advcl expressed,function
R5609 T9498 T9499 nsubj This,results
R5611 T9500 T9499 prep in,results
R5613 T9501 T9502 det the,regulation
R5614 T9502 T9500 pobj regulation,in
R5616 T9503 T9502 amod down,regulation
R5617 T9504 T9502 punct -,regulation
R5618 T9505 T9502 prep of,regulation
R5619 T9506 T9505 pobj Sox9,of
R5621 T9507 T9506 cc and,Sox9