PMC:1463023 JSON TXT

Annnotations TAB JSON ListView MergeView

craft-sa-dev

Id	Subject	Object	Predicate	Lexical cue
T180	5-8	CC	denotes	and
T181	9-13	NN	denotes	Wnt4
T182	18-20	IN	denotes	as
T183	21-33	JJ	denotes	Antagonistic
T184	34-41	NNS	denotes	Signals
T185	42-44	TO	denotes	to
T186	45-53	VB	denotes	Regulate
T187	54-63	JJ	denotes	Mammalian
T188	68-81	NN	denotes	Determination
T189	64-67	NN	denotes	Sex
T190	81-82	sentence	denotes
T191	134-354	sentence	denotes	The genes encoding members of the wingless-related MMTV integration site (WNT) and fibroblast growth factor (FGF) families coordinate growth, morphogenesis, and differentiation in many fields of cells during development.
T192	134-137	DT	denotes	The
T193	138-143	NNS	denotes	genes
T194	257-267	VBP	denotes	coordinate
T195	144-152	VBG	denotes	encoding
T196	153-160	NNS	denotes	members
T197	161-163	IN	denotes	of
T198	164-167	DT	denotes	the
T199	248-256	NNS	denotes	families
T200	168-176	JJ	denotes	wingless
T201	177-184	VBN	denotes	related
T202	176-177	HYPH	denotes	-
T203	202-206	NN	denotes	site
T204	185-189	NN	denotes	MMTV
T205	190-201	NN	denotes	integration
T206	207-208	-LRB-	denotes	(
T207	208-211	NN	denotes	WNT
T208	211-212	-RRB-	denotes	)
T209	213-216	CC	denotes	and
T210	217-227	NN	denotes	fibroblast
T211	235-241	NN	denotes	factor
T212	228-234	NN	denotes	growth
T213	242-243	-LRB-	denotes	(
T214	243-246	NN	denotes	FGF
T215	246-247	-RRB-	denotes	)
T216	268-274	NN	denotes	growth
T217	274-276	,	denotes	,
T218	276-289	NN	denotes	morphogenesis
T219	289-291	,	denotes	,
T220	291-294	CC	denotes	and
T221	295-310	NN	denotes	differentiation
T222	311-313	IN	denotes	in
T223	314-318	JJ	denotes	many
T224	319-325	NNS	denotes	fields
T225	326-328	IN	denotes	of
T226	329-334	NNS	denotes	cells
T227	335-341	IN	denotes	during
T228	342-353	NN	denotes	development
T229	353-354	.	denotes	.
T230	354-448	sentence	denotes	In the mouse, Fgf9 and Wnt4 are expressed in gonads of both sexes prior to sex determination.
T231	355-357	IN	denotes	In
T232	387-396	VBN	denotes	expressed
T233	358-361	DT	denotes	the
T234	362-367	NN	denotes	mouse
T235	367-369	,	denotes	,
T236	369-373	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T237	374-377	CC	denotes	and
T238	378-382	NN	denotes	Wnt4
T239	383-386	VBP	denotes	are
T240	397-399	IN	denotes	in
T241	400-406	NNS	denotes	gonads
T242	407-409	IN	denotes	of
T243	410-414	DT	denotes	both
T244	415-420	NNS	denotes	sexes
T245	421-426	RB	denotes	prior
T246	427-429	IN	denotes	to
T247	430-433	NN	denotes	sex
T248	434-447	NN	denotes	determination
T249	447-448	.	denotes	.
T250	448-560	sentence	denotes	Loss of Fgf9 leads to XY sex reversal, whereas loss of Wnt4 results in partial testis development in XX gonads.
T251	449-453	NN	denotes	Loss
T252	462-467	VBZ	denotes	leads
T253	454-456	IN	denotes	of
T254	457-461	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T255	468-470	IN	denotes	to
T256	471-473	NN	denotes	XY
T257	478-486	NN	denotes	reversal
T258	474-477	NN	denotes	sex
T259	486-488	,	denotes	,
T260	488-495	IN	denotes	whereas
T261	509-516	VBZ	denotes	results
T262	496-500	NN	denotes	loss
T263	501-503	IN	denotes	of
T264	504-508	NN	denotes	Wnt4
T265	517-519	IN	denotes	in
T266	520-527	JJ	denotes	partial
T267	535-546	NN	denotes	development
T268	528-534	NN	denotes	testis
T269	547-549	IN	denotes	in
T270	550-552	NN	denotes	XX
T271	553-559	NNS	denotes	gonads
T272	559-560	.	denotes	.
T273	560-661	sentence	denotes	However, the relationship between these signals and the male sex-determining gene, Sry, was unknown.
T274	561-568	RB	denotes	However
T275	649-652	VBD	denotes	was
T276	568-570	,	denotes	,
T277	570-573	DT	denotes	the
T278	574-586	NN	denotes	relationship
T279	587-594	IN	denotes	between
T280	595-600	DT	denotes	these
T281	601-608	NNS	denotes	signals
T282	609-612	CC	denotes	and
T283	613-616	DT	denotes	the
T284	638-642	NN	denotes	gene
T285	617-621	JJ	denotes	male
T286	622-625	NN	denotes	sex
T287	625-626	HYPH	denotes	-
T288	626-637	VBG	denotes	determining
T289	642-644	,	denotes	,
T290	644-647	NN	denotes	Sry
T291	647-649	,	denotes	,
T292	653-660	JJ	denotes	unknown
T293	660-661	.	denotes	.
T294	661-819	sentence	denotes	We show through gain- and loss-of-function experiments that fibroblast growth factor 9 (FGF9) and WNT4 act as opposing signals to regulate sex determination.
T295	662-664	PRP	denotes	We
T296	665-669	VBP	denotes	show
T297	670-677	IN	denotes	through
T298	678-682	NN	denotes	gain
T299	705-716	NNS	denotes	experiments
T300	682-683	HYPH	denotes	-
T301	684-687	CC	denotes	and
T302	688-692	NN	denotes	loss
T303	692-693	HYPH	denotes	-
T304	693-695	IN	denotes	of
T305	695-696	HYPH	denotes	-
T306	696-704	NN	denotes	function
T307	717-721	IN	denotes	that
T308	765-768	VBP	denotes	act
T309	722-732	NN	denotes	fibroblast
T310	740-746	NN	denotes	factor
T311	733-739	NN	denotes	growth
T312	747-748	CD	denotes	9
T313	749-750	-LRB-	denotes	(
T314	750-754	NN	denotes	FGF9
T315	754-755	-RRB-	denotes	)
T316	756-759	CC	denotes	and
T317	760-764	NN	denotes	WNT4
T318	769-771	IN	denotes	as
T319	772-780	VBG	denotes	opposing
T320	781-788	NNS	denotes	signals
T321	789-791	TO	denotes	to
T322	792-800	VB	denotes	regulate
T323	801-804	NN	denotes	sex
T324	805-818	NN	denotes	determination
T325	818-819	.	denotes	.
T326	819-984	sentence	denotes	In the mouse XY gonad, Sry normally initiates a feed-forward loop between Sox9 and Fgf9, which up-regulates Fgf9 and represses Wnt4 to establish the testis pathway.
T327	820-822	IN	denotes	In
T328	856-865	VBZ	denotes	initiates
T329	823-826	DT	denotes	the
T330	836-841	NN	denotes	gonad
T331	827-832	NN	denotes	mouse
T332	833-835	NN	denotes	XY
T333	841-843	,	denotes	,
T334	843-846	NN	denotes	Sry
T335	847-855	RB	denotes	normally
T336	866-867	DT	denotes	a
T337	881-885	NN	denotes	loop
T338	868-872	VB	denotes	feed
T339	872-873	HYPH	denotes	-
T340	873-880	RP	denotes	forward
T341	886-893	IN	denotes	between
T342	894-898	NN	denotes	Sox9
T343	899-902	CC	denotes	and
T344	903-907	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T345	907-909	,	denotes	,
T346	909-914	WDT	denotes	which
T347	918-927	VBZ	denotes	regulates
T348	915-917	RB	denotes	up
T349	917-918	HYPH	denotes	-
T350	928-932	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T351	933-936	CC	denotes	and
T352	937-946	VBZ	denotes	represses
T353	947-951	NN	denotes	Wnt4
T354	952-954	TO	denotes	to
T355	955-964	VB	denotes	establish
T356	965-968	DT	denotes	the
T357	976-983	NN	denotes	pathway
T358	969-975	NN	denotes	testis
T359	983-984	.	denotes	.
T360	984-1090	sentence	denotes	Surprisingly, loss of Wnt4 in XX gonads is sufficient to up-regulate Fgf9 and Sox9 in the absence of Sry.
T361	985-997	RB	denotes	Surprisingly
T362	1025-1027	VBZ	denotes	is
T363	997-999	,	denotes	,
T364	999-1003	NN	denotes	loss
T365	1004-1006	IN	denotes	of
T366	1007-1011	NN	denotes	Wnt4
T367	1012-1014	IN	denotes	in
T368	1015-1017	NN	denotes	XX
T369	1018-1024	NNS	denotes	gonads
T370	1028-1038	JJ	denotes	sufficient
T371	1039-1041	TO	denotes	to
T372	1045-1053	VB	denotes	regulate
T373	1042-1044	RB	denotes	up
T374	1044-1045	HYPH	denotes	-
T375	1054-1058	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T376	1059-1062	CC	denotes	and
T377	1063-1067	NN	denotes	Sox9
T378	1068-1070	IN	denotes	in
T379	1071-1074	DT	denotes	the
T380	1075-1082	NN	denotes	absence
T381	1083-1085	IN	denotes	of
T382	1086-1089	NN	denotes	Sry
T383	1089-1090	.	denotes	.
T384	1090-1187	sentence	denotes	These data suggest that the fate of the gonad is controlled by antagonism between Fgf9 and Wnt4.
T385	1091-1096	DT	denotes	These
T386	1097-1101	NNS	denotes	data
T387	1102-1109	VBP	denotes	suggest
T388	1110-1114	IN	denotes	that
T389	1140-1150	VBN	denotes	controlled
T390	1115-1118	DT	denotes	the
T391	1119-1123	NN	denotes	fate
T392	1124-1126	IN	denotes	of
T393	1127-1130	DT	denotes	the
T394	1131-1136	NN	denotes	gonad
T395	1137-1139	VBZ	denotes	is
T396	1151-1153	IN	denotes	by
T397	1154-1164	NN	denotes	antagonism
T398	1165-1172	IN	denotes	between
T399	1173-1177	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T400	1178-1181	CC	denotes	and
T401	1182-1186	NN	denotes	Wnt4
T402	1186-1187	.	denotes	.
T403	1187-1326	sentence	denotes	The role of the male sex-determining switch— Sry in the case of mammals—is to tip the balance between these underlying patterning signals.
T404	1188-1191	DT	denotes	The
T405	1192-1196	NN	denotes	role
T406	1260-1262	VBZ	denotes	is
T407	1197-1199	IN	denotes	of
T408	1200-1203	DT	denotes	the
T409	1225-1231	NN	denotes	switch
T410	1204-1208	JJ	denotes	male
T411	1209-1212	NN	denotes	sex
T412	1212-1213	HYPH	denotes	-
T413	1213-1224	VBG	denotes	determining
T414	1231-1232	HYPH	denotes	—
T415	1233-1236	NN	denotes	Sry
T416	1237-1239	IN	denotes	in
T417	1240-1243	DT	denotes	the
T418	1244-1248	NN	denotes	case
T419	1249-1251	IN	denotes	of
T420	1252-1259	NNS	denotes	mammals
T421	1259-1260	HYPH	denotes	—
T422	1263-1265	TO	denotes	to
T423	1266-1269	VB	denotes	tip
T424	1270-1273	DT	denotes	the
T425	1274-1281	NN	denotes	balance
T426	1282-1289	IN	denotes	between
T427	1290-1295	DT	denotes	these
T428	1318-1325	NNS	denotes	signals
T429	1296-1306	VBG	denotes	underlying
T430	1307-1317	NN	denotes	patterning
T431	1325-1326	.	denotes	.
T432	1326-1477	sentence	denotes	In principle, sex determination in other vertebrates may operate through any switch that introduces an imbalance between these two signaling pathways.
T433	1327-1329	IN	denotes	In
T434	1384-1391	VB	denotes	operate
T435	1330-1339	JJ	denotes	principle
T436	1339-1341	,	denotes	,
T437	1341-1344	NN	denotes	sex
T438	1345-1358	NN	denotes	determination
T439	1359-1361	IN	denotes	in
T440	1362-1367	JJ	denotes	other
T441	1368-1379	NNS	denotes	vertebrates
T442	1380-1383	MD	denotes	may
T443	1392-1399	IN	denotes	through
T444	1400-1403	DT	denotes	any
T445	1404-1410	NN	denotes	switch
T446	1411-1415	WDT	denotes	that
T447	1416-1426	VBZ	denotes	introduces
T448	1427-1429	DT	denotes	an
T449	1430-1439	NN	denotes	imbalance
T450	1440-1447	IN	denotes	between
T451	1448-1453	DT	denotes	these
T452	1468-1476	NNS	denotes	pathways
T453	1454-1457	CD	denotes	two
T454	1458-1467	NN	denotes	signaling
T455	1476-1477	.	denotes	.
T1206	1703-1706	DT	denotes	The
T1207	1707-1718	NN	denotes	development
T1208	1761-1763	VBZ	denotes	is
T1209	1719-1721	IN	denotes	of
T1210	1722-1730	RB	denotes	sexually
T1211	1731-1740	JJ	denotes	dimorphic
T1212	1754-1760	NNS	denotes	organs
T1213	1741-1753	JJ	denotes	reproductive
T1214	1764-1765	DT	denotes	a
T1215	1773-1780	NN	denotes	feature
T1216	1766-1772	JJ	denotes	common
T1217	1781-1786	IN	denotes	among
T1218	1787-1793	NN	denotes	animal
T1219	1794-1801	NNS	denotes	species
T1220	1801-1802	.	denotes	.
T1221	1802-1909	sentence	denotes	The testis and ovary represent two divergent pathways of development from the bipotential embryonic gonad.
T1222	1803-1806	DT	denotes	The
T1223	1807-1813	NN	denotes	testis
T1224	1824-1833	VBP	denotes	represent
T1225	1814-1817	CC	denotes	and
T1226	1818-1823	NN	denotes	ovary
T1227	1834-1837	CD	denotes	two
T1228	1848-1856	NNS	denotes	pathways
T1229	1838-1847	JJ	denotes	divergent
T1230	1857-1859	IN	denotes	of
T1231	1860-1871	NN	denotes	development
T1232	1872-1876	IN	denotes	from
T1233	1877-1880	DT	denotes	the
T1234	1903-1908	NN	denotes	gonad
T1235	1881-1892	JJ	denotes	bipotential
T1236	1893-1902	JJ	denotes	embryonic
T1237	1908-1909	.	denotes	.
T1238	1909-2125	sentence	denotes	The switch that initiates divergent development of the gonad is highly diverse among species; however, the underlying mechanisms that lead to the establishment of ovary or testis pathways are likely to be conserved.
T1239	1910-1913	DT	denotes	The
T1240	1914-1920	NN	denotes	switch
T1241	1971-1973	VBZ	denotes	is
T1242	1921-1925	WDT	denotes	that
T1243	1926-1935	VBZ	denotes	initiates
T1244	1936-1945	JJ	denotes	divergent
T1245	1946-1957	NN	denotes	development
T1246	1958-1960	IN	denotes	of
T1247	1961-1964	DT	denotes	the
T1248	1965-1970	NN	denotes	gonad
T1249	2098-2101	VBP	denotes	are
T1250	1974-1980	RB	denotes	highly
T1251	1981-1988	JJ	denotes	diverse
T1252	1989-1994	IN	denotes	among
T1253	1995-2002	NNS	denotes	species
T1254	2002-2003	:	denotes	;
T1255	2004-2011	RB	denotes	however
T1256	2011-2013	,	denotes	,
T1257	2013-2016	DT	denotes	the
T1258	2028-2038	NNS	denotes	mechanisms
T1259	2017-2027	VBG	denotes	underlying
T1260	2039-2043	WDT	denotes	that
T1261	2044-2048	VBP	denotes	lead
T1262	2049-2051	IN	denotes	to
T1263	2052-2055	DT	denotes	the
T1264	2056-2069	NN	denotes	establishment
T1265	2070-2072	IN	denotes	of
T1266	2073-2078	NN	denotes	ovary
T1267	2089-2097	NNS	denotes	pathways
T1268	2079-2081	CC	denotes	or
T1269	2082-2088	NN	denotes	testis
T1270	2102-2108	JJ	denotes	likely
T1271	2109-2111	TO	denotes	to
T1272	2115-2124	VBN	denotes	conserved
T1273	2112-2114	VB	denotes	be
T1274	2124-2125	.	denotes	.
T1275	2125-2227	sentence	denotes	In all species, the embryonic gonad is made up of a mixed population of germ cells and somatic cells.
T1276	2126-2128	IN	denotes	In
T1277	2165-2169	VBN	denotes	made
T1278	2129-2132	DT	denotes	all
T1279	2133-2140	NNS	denotes	species
T1280	2140-2142	,	denotes	,
T1281	2142-2145	DT	denotes	the
T1282	2156-2161	NN	denotes	gonad
T1283	2146-2155	JJ	denotes	embryonic
T1284	2162-2164	VBZ	denotes	is
T1285	2170-2172	RP	denotes	up
T1286	2173-2175	IN	denotes	of
T1287	2176-2177	DT	denotes	a
T1288	2184-2194	NN	denotes	population
T1289	2178-2183	JJ	denotes	mixed
T1290	2195-2197	IN	denotes	of
T1291	2198-2202	NN	denotes	germ
T1292	2203-2208	NNS	denotes	cells
T1293	2209-2212	CC	denotes	and
T1294	2213-2220	JJ	denotes	somatic
T1295	2221-2226	NNS	denotes	cells
T1296	2226-2227	.	denotes	.
T1297	2227-2377	sentence	denotes	This tissue is remarkable in that all of its cells are believed to be bipotential, and can differentiate into ovarian or testicular lineages [ 1, 2].
T1298	2228-2232	DT	denotes	This
T1299	2233-2239	NN	denotes	tissue
T1300	2240-2242	VBZ	denotes	is
T1301	2243-2253	JJ	denotes	remarkable
T1302	2254-2256	IN	denotes	in
T1303	2283-2291	VBN	denotes	believed
T1304	2257-2261	IN	denotes	that
T1305	2262-2265	DT	denotes	all
T1306	2266-2268	IN	denotes	of
T1307	2269-2272	PRP$	denotes	its
T1308	2273-2278	NNS	denotes	cells
T1309	2279-2282	VBP	denotes	are
T1310	2292-2294	TO	denotes	to
T1311	2295-2297	VB	denotes	be
T1312	2298-2309	JJ	denotes	bipotential
T1313	2309-2311	,	denotes	,
T1314	2311-2314	CC	denotes	and
T1315	2315-2318	MD	denotes	can
T1316	2319-2332	VB	denotes	differentiate
T1317	2333-2337	IN	denotes	into
T1318	2338-2345	JJ	denotes	ovarian
T1319	2360-2368	NNS	denotes	lineages
T1320	2346-2348	CC	denotes	or
T1321	2349-2359	JJ	denotes	testicular
T1322	2369-2370	-LRB-	denotes	[
T1323	2374-2375	CD	denotes	2
T1324	2371-2372	CD	denotes	1
T1325	2372-2373	,	denotes	,
T1326	2375-2376	-RRB-	denotes	]
T1327	2376-2377	.	denotes	.
T1328	2377-2862	sentence	denotes	Consistent with the idea that cells in this primordium are poised between two developmental pathways, some of the genes that are involved in establishing sexual dimorphism, including Dax1 (dosage-sensitive sex reversal-congenital adrenal hypoplasia critical region on the X chromosome protein 1), Sox9 (Sry-like HMG box 9), Fgf9 (fibroblast growth factor 9), and Wnt4 (wingless-related MMTV integration site 4), are initially expressed in similar patterns in XX and XY gonads [ 3– 8].
T1329	2378-2388	JJ	denotes	Consistent
T1330	2804-2813	VBN	denotes	expressed
T1331	2389-2393	IN	denotes	with
T1332	2394-2397	DT	denotes	the
T1333	2398-2402	NN	denotes	idea
T1334	2403-2407	IN	denotes	that
T1335	2437-2443	VBN	denotes	poised
T1336	2408-2413	NNS	denotes	cells
T1337	2414-2416	IN	denotes	in
T1338	2417-2421	DT	denotes	this
T1339	2422-2432	NN	denotes	primordium
T1340	2433-2436	VBP	denotes	are
T1341	2444-2451	IN	denotes	between
T1342	2452-2455	CD	denotes	two
T1343	2470-2478	NNS	denotes	pathways
T1344	2456-2469	JJ	denotes	developmental
T1345	2478-2480	,	denotes	,
T1346	2480-2484	DT	denotes	some
T1347	2485-2487	IN	denotes	of
T1348	2488-2491	DT	denotes	the
T1349	2492-2497	NNS	denotes	genes
T1350	2498-2502	WDT	denotes	that
T1351	2507-2515	VBN	denotes	involved
T1352	2503-2506	VBP	denotes	are
T1353	2516-2518	IN	denotes	in
T1354	2519-2531	VBG	denotes	establishing
T1355	2532-2538	JJ	denotes	sexual
T1356	2539-2549	NN	denotes	dimorphism
T1357	2549-2551	,	denotes	,
T1358	2551-2560	VBG	denotes	including
T1359	2561-2565	NN	denotes	Dax1
T1360	2566-2567	-LRB-	denotes	(
T1361	2636-2642	NN	denotes	region
T1362	2567-2573	NN	denotes	dosage
T1363	2574-2583	JJ	denotes	sensitive
T1364	2573-2574	HYPH	denotes	-
T1365	2584-2587	NN	denotes	sex
T1366	2588-2596	NN	denotes	reversal
T1367	2597-2607	JJ	denotes	congenital
T1368	2596-2597	HYPH	denotes	-
T1369	2608-2615	JJ	denotes	adrenal
T1370	2616-2626	NN	denotes	hypoplasia
T1371	2627-2635	JJ	denotes	critical
T1372	2643-2645	IN	denotes	on
T1373	2646-2649	DT	denotes	the
T1374	2663-2670	NN	denotes	protein
T1375	2650-2651	NN	denotes	X
T1376	2652-2662	NN	denotes	chromosome
T1377	2671-2672	CD	denotes	1
T1378	2672-2673	-RRB-	denotes	)
T1379	2673-2675	,	denotes	,
T1380	2675-2679	NN	denotes	Sox9
T1381	2680-2681	-LRB-	denotes	(
T1382	2681-2684	NN	denotes	Sry
T1383	2694-2697	NN	denotes	box
T1384	2684-2685	HYPH	denotes	-
T1385	2685-2689	JJ	denotes	like
T1386	2690-2693	NN	denotes	HMG
T1387	2698-2699	CD	denotes	9
T1388	2699-2700	-RRB-	denotes	)
T1389	2700-2702	,	denotes	,
T1390	2702-2706	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T1391	2707-2708	-LRB-	denotes	(
T1392	2708-2718	NN	denotes	fibroblast
T1393	2726-2732	NN	denotes	factor
T1394	2719-2725	NN	denotes	growth
T1395	2733-2734	CD	denotes	9
T1396	2734-2735	-RRB-	denotes	)
T1397	2735-2737	,	denotes	,
T1398	2737-2740	CC	denotes	and
T1399	2741-2745	NN	denotes	Wnt4
T1400	2746-2747	-LRB-	denotes	(
T1401	2747-2755	JJ	denotes	wingless
T1402	2756-2763	VBN	denotes	related
T1403	2755-2756	HYPH	denotes	-
T1404	2781-2785	NN	denotes	site
T1405	2764-2768	NN	denotes	MMTV
T1406	2769-2780	NN	denotes	integration
T1407	2786-2787	CD	denotes	4
T1408	2787-2788	-RRB-	denotes	)
T1409	2788-2790	,	denotes	,
T1410	2790-2793	VBP	denotes	are
T1411	2794-2803	RB	denotes	initially
T1412	2814-2816	IN	denotes	in
T1413	2817-2824	JJ	denotes	similar
T1414	2825-2833	NNS	denotes	patterns
T1415	2834-2836	IN	denotes	in
T1416	2837-2839	NN	denotes	XX
T1417	2847-2853	NNS	denotes	gonads
T1418	2840-2843	CC	denotes	and
T1419	2844-2846	NN	denotes	XY
T1420	2854-2855	-LRB-	denotes	[
T1421	2856-2857	CD	denotes	3
T1422	2857-2858	SYM	denotes	–
T1423	2859-2860	CD	denotes	8
T1424	2860-2861	-RRB-	denotes	]
T1425	2861-2862	.	denotes	.
T1426	2862-3200	sentence	denotes	The conventional view of mammalian sex determination is that the basic pathway of organ development is ovarian, and that the testis-determining gene operates by diverting this program toward testis development by simultaneously influencing the fate of the key supporting cell lineage and initiating a male-specific morphogenetic program.
T1427	2863-2866	DT	denotes	The
T1428	2880-2884	NN	denotes	view
T1429	2867-2879	JJ	denotes	conventional
T1430	2916-2918	VBZ	denotes	is
T1431	2885-2887	IN	denotes	of
T1432	2888-2897	JJ	denotes	mammalian
T1433	2902-2915	NN	denotes	determination
T1434	2898-2901	NN	denotes	sex
T1435	2919-2923	IN	denotes	that
T1436	2963-2965	VBZ	denotes	is
T1437	2924-2927	DT	denotes	the
T1438	2934-2941	NN	denotes	pathway
T1439	2928-2933	JJ	denotes	basic
T1440	2942-2944	IN	denotes	of
T1441	2945-2950	NN	denotes	organ
T1442	2951-2962	NN	denotes	development
T1443	2966-2973	JJ	denotes	ovarian
T1444	2973-2975	,	denotes	,
T1445	2975-2978	CC	denotes	and
T1446	2979-2983	IN	denotes	that
T1447	3012-3020	VBZ	denotes	operates
T1448	2984-2987	DT	denotes	the
T1449	3007-3011	NN	denotes	gene
T1450	2988-2994	NN	denotes	testis
T1451	2994-2995	HYPH	denotes	-
T1452	2995-3006	VBG	denotes	determining
T1453	3021-3023	IN	denotes	by
T1454	3024-3033	VBG	denotes	diverting
T1455	3034-3038	DT	denotes	this
T1456	3039-3046	NN	denotes	program
T1457	3047-3053	IN	denotes	toward
T1458	3054-3060	NN	denotes	testis
T1459	3061-3072	NN	denotes	development
T1460	3073-3075	IN	denotes	by
T1461	3076-3090	RB	denotes	simultaneously
T1462	3091-3102	VBG	denotes	influencing
T1463	3103-3106	DT	denotes	the
T1464	3107-3111	NN	denotes	fate
T1465	3112-3114	IN	denotes	of
T1466	3115-3118	DT	denotes	the
T1467	3139-3146	NN	denotes	lineage
T1468	3119-3122	JJ	denotes	key
T1469	3123-3133	VBG	denotes	supporting
T1470	3134-3138	NN	denotes	cell
T1471	3147-3150	CC	denotes	and
T1472	3151-3161	VBG	denotes	initiating
T1473	3162-3163	DT	denotes	a
T1474	3192-3199	NN	denotes	program
T1475	3164-3168	JJ	denotes	male
T1476	3169-3177	JJ	denotes	specific
T1477	3168-3169	HYPH	denotes	-
T1478	3178-3191	JJ	denotes	morphogenetic
T1479	3199-3200	.	denotes	.
T1480	3200-3291	sentence	denotes	All of the experimental evidence suggests that these two processes are closely interwoven.
T1481	3201-3204	DT	denotes	All
T1482	3234-3242	VBZ	denotes	suggests
T1483	3205-3207	IN	denotes	of
T1484	3208-3211	DT	denotes	the
T1485	3225-3233	NN	denotes	evidence
T1486	3212-3224	JJ	denotes	experimental
T1487	3243-3247	IN	denotes	that
T1488	3268-3271	VBP	denotes	are
T1489	3248-3253	DT	denotes	these
T1490	3258-3267	NNS	denotes	processes
T1491	3254-3257	CD	denotes	two
T1492	3272-3279	RB	denotes	closely
T1493	3280-3290	JJ	denotes	interwoven
T1494	3290-3291	.	denotes	.
T1495	3291-3461	sentence	denotes	For example, both proliferation [ 9] and migration of cells to trigger testis cord formation [ 10, 11] appear to be closely integrated with Sertoli cell differentiation.
T1496	3292-3295	IN	denotes	For
T1497	3395-3401	VBP	denotes	appear
T1498	3296-3303	NN	denotes	example
T1499	3303-3305	,	denotes	,
T1500	3305-3309	CC	denotes	both
T1501	3310-3323	NN	denotes	proliferation
T1502	3324-3325	-LRB-	denotes	[
T1503	3326-3327	CD	denotes	9
T1504	3327-3328	-RRB-	denotes	]
T1505	3329-3332	CC	denotes	and
T1506	3333-3342	NN	denotes	migration
T1507	3343-3345	IN	denotes	of
T1508	3346-3351	NNS	denotes	cells
T1509	3352-3354	TO	denotes	to
T1510	3355-3362	VB	denotes	trigger
T1511	3363-3369	NN	denotes	testis
T1512	3375-3384	NN	denotes	formation
T1513	3370-3374	NN	denotes	cord
T1514	3385-3386	-LRB-	denotes	[
T1515	3391-3393	CD	denotes	11
T1516	3387-3389	CD	denotes	10
T1517	3389-3390	,	denotes	,
T1518	3393-3394	-RRB-	denotes	]
T1519	3402-3404	TO	denotes	to
T1520	3405-3407	VB	denotes	be
T1521	3408-3415	RB	denotes	closely
T1522	3416-3426	JJ	denotes	integrated
T1523	3427-3431	IN	denotes	with
T1524	3432-3439	NN	denotes	Sertoli
T1525	3440-3444	NN	denotes	cell
T1526	3445-3460	NN	denotes	differentiation
T1527	3460-3461	.	denotes	.
T1528	3461-3552	sentence	denotes	Sry, a Y chromosome-linked gene, is the primary sex-determining gene in mammals [ 12– 14].
T1529	3462-3465	NN	denotes	Sry
T1530	3495-3497	VBZ	denotes	is
T1531	3465-3467	,	denotes	,
T1532	3467-3468	DT	denotes	a
T1533	3489-3493	NN	denotes	gene
T1534	3469-3470	NN	denotes	Y
T1535	3471-3481	NN	denotes	chromosome
T1536	3482-3488	VBN	denotes	linked
T1537	3481-3482	HYPH	denotes	-
T1538	3493-3495	,	denotes	,
T1539	3498-3501	DT	denotes	the
T1540	3526-3530	NN	denotes	gene
T1541	3502-3509	JJ	denotes	primary
T1542	3510-3513	NN	denotes	sex
T1543	3514-3525	VBG	denotes	determining
T1544	3513-3514	HYPH	denotes	-
T1545	3531-3533	IN	denotes	in
T1546	3534-3541	NNS	denotes	mammals
T1547	3542-3543	-LRB-	denotes	[
T1548	3544-3546	CD	denotes	12
T1549	3546-3547	SYM	denotes	–
T1550	3548-3550	CD	denotes	14
T1551	3550-3551	-RRB-	denotes	]
T1552	3551-3552	.	denotes	.
T1553	3552-3706	sentence	denotes	In the absence of Sry expression—in XX embryos, or in XY embryos carrying a deletion of Sry—cells in the gonad follow an ovarian differentiation pathway.
T1554	3553-3555	IN	denotes	In
T1555	3664-3670	VBP	denotes	follow
T1556	3556-3559	DT	denotes	the
T1557	3560-3567	NN	denotes	absence
T1558	3568-3570	IN	denotes	of
T1559	3571-3574	NN	denotes	Sry
T1560	3575-3585	NN	denotes	expression
T1561	3585-3586	HYPH	denotes	—
T1562	3586-3588	IN	denotes	in
T1563	3589-3591	NN	denotes	XX
T1564	3592-3599	NNS	denotes	embryos
T1565	3599-3601	,	denotes	,
T1566	3601-3603	CC	denotes	or
T1567	3604-3606	IN	denotes	in
T1568	3607-3609	NN	denotes	XY
T1569	3610-3617	NNS	denotes	embryos
T1570	3618-3626	VBG	denotes	carrying
T1571	3627-3628	DT	denotes	a
T1572	3629-3637	NN	denotes	deletion
T1573	3638-3640	IN	denotes	of
T1574	3641-3644	NN	denotes	Sry
T1575	3644-3645	HYPH	denotes	—
T1576	3645-3650	NNS	denotes	cells
T1577	3651-3653	IN	denotes	in
T1578	3654-3657	DT	denotes	the
T1579	3658-3663	NN	denotes	gonad
T1580	3671-3673	DT	denotes	an
T1581	3698-3705	NN	denotes	pathway
T1582	3674-3681	JJ	denotes	ovarian
T1583	3682-3697	NN	denotes	differentiation
T1584	3705-3706	.	denotes	.
T1585	3706-3908	sentence	denotes	Genetic evidence from chimeric mice [ 15], and expression studies using reporter transgenes [ 2, 16], indicate that Sry expression is required only in precursors of the somatic supporting cell lineage.
T1586	3707-3714	JJ	denotes	Genetic
T1587	3715-3723	NN	denotes	evidence
T1588	3809-3817	VBP	denotes	indicate
T1589	3724-3728	IN	denotes	from
T1590	3729-3737	JJ	denotes	chimeric
T1591	3738-3742	NNS	denotes	mice
T1592	3743-3744	-LRB-	denotes	[
T1593	3745-3747	CD	denotes	15
T1594	3747-3748	-RRB-	denotes	]
T1595	3748-3750	,	denotes	,
T1596	3750-3753	CC	denotes	and
T1597	3754-3764	NN	denotes	expression
T1598	3765-3772	NNS	denotes	studies
T1599	3773-3778	VBG	denotes	using
T1600	3779-3787	NN	denotes	reporter
T1601	3788-3798	NNS	denotes	transgenes
T1602	3799-3800	-LRB-	denotes	[
T1603	3804-3806	CD	denotes	16
T1604	3801-3802	CD	denotes	2
T1605	3802-3803	,	denotes	,
T1606	3806-3807	-RRB-	denotes	]
T1607	3807-3809	,	denotes	,
T1608	3818-3822	IN	denotes	that
T1609	3841-3849	VBN	denotes	required
T1610	3823-3826	NN	denotes	Sry
T1611	3827-3837	NN	denotes	expression
T1612	3838-3840	VBZ	denotes	is
T1613	3850-3854	RB	denotes	only
T1614	3855-3857	IN	denotes	in
T1615	3858-3868	NNS	denotes	precursors
T1616	3869-3871	IN	denotes	of
T1617	3872-3875	DT	denotes	the
T1618	3900-3907	NN	denotes	lineage
T1619	3876-3883	JJ	denotes	somatic
T1620	3884-3894	NN	denotes	supporting
T1621	3895-3899	NN	denotes	cell
T1622	3907-3908	.	denotes	.
T1623	3908-4090	sentence	denotes	Expression of Sry in these bipotential cells leads to their differentiation as testis-specific Sertoli cells rather than as follicle cells, the parallel cell type of the ovary [ 2].
T1624	3909-3919	NN	denotes	Expression
T1625	3954-3959	VBZ	denotes	leads
T1626	3920-3922	IN	denotes	of
T1627	3923-3926	NN	denotes	Sry
T1628	3927-3929	IN	denotes	in
T1629	3930-3935	DT	denotes	these
T1630	3948-3953	NNS	denotes	cells
T1631	3936-3947	JJ	denotes	bipotential
T1632	3960-3962	IN	denotes	to
T1633	3963-3968	PRP$	denotes	their
T1634	3969-3984	NN	denotes	differentiation
T1635	3985-3987	IN	denotes	as
T1636	3988-3994	NN	denotes	testis
T1637	3995-4003	JJ	denotes	specific
T1638	3994-3995	HYPH	denotes	-
T1639	4012-4017	NNS	denotes	cells
T1640	4004-4011	NN	denotes	Sertoli
T1641	4018-4024	IN	denotes	rather
T1642	4025-4029	IN	denotes	than
T1643	4030-4032	IN	denotes	as
T1644	4033-4041	NN	denotes	follicle
T1645	4042-4047	NNS	denotes	cells
T1646	4047-4049	,	denotes	,
T1647	4049-4052	DT	denotes	the
T1648	4067-4071	NN	denotes	type
T1649	4053-4061	JJ	denotes	parallel
T1650	4062-4066	NN	denotes	cell
T1651	4072-4074	IN	denotes	of
T1652	4075-4078	DT	denotes	the
T1653	4079-4084	NN	denotes	ovary
T1654	4085-4086	-LRB-	denotes	[
T1655	4087-4088	CD	denotes	2
T1656	4088-4089	-RRB-	denotes	]
T1657	4089-4090	.	denotes	.
T1658	4090-4187	sentence	denotes	It is believed that the Sertoli cell is the first cell type to differentiate in the gonad [ 17].
T1659	4091-4093	PRP	denotes	It
T1660	4097-4105	VBN	denotes	believed
T1661	4094-4096	VBZ	denotes	is
T1662	4106-4110	IN	denotes	that
T1663	4128-4130	VBZ	denotes	is
T1664	4111-4114	DT	denotes	the
T1665	4123-4127	NN	denotes	cell
T1666	4115-4122	NN	denotes	Sertoli
T1667	4131-4134	DT	denotes	the
T1668	4146-4150	NN	denotes	type
T1669	4135-4140	JJ	denotes	first
T1670	4141-4145	NN	denotes	cell
T1671	4151-4153	TO	denotes	to
T1672	4154-4167	VB	denotes	differentiate
T1673	4168-4170	IN	denotes	in
T1674	4171-4174	DT	denotes	the
T1675	4175-4180	NN	denotes	gonad
T1676	4181-4182	-LRB-	denotes	[
T1677	4183-4185	CD	denotes	17
T1678	4185-4186	-RRB-	denotes	]
T1679	4186-4187	.	denotes	.
T1680	4187-4333	sentence	denotes	There is substantial evidence that a critical threshold number of Sertoli cells is required to establish testis differentiation [ 9, 15, 18– 20].
T1681	4188-4193	EX	denotes	There
T1682	4194-4196	VBZ	denotes	is
T1683	4197-4208	JJ	denotes	substantial
T1684	4209-4217	NN	denotes	evidence
T1685	4218-4222	IN	denotes	that
T1686	4271-4279	VBN	denotes	required
T1687	4223-4224	DT	denotes	a
T1688	4244-4250	NN	denotes	number
T1689	4225-4233	JJ	denotes	critical
T1690	4234-4243	NN	denotes	threshold
T1691	4251-4253	IN	denotes	of
T1692	4254-4261	NN	denotes	Sertoli
T1693	4262-4267	NNS	denotes	cells
T1694	4268-4270	VBZ	denotes	is
T1695	4280-4282	TO	denotes	to
T1696	4283-4292	VB	denotes	establish
T1697	4293-4299	NN	denotes	testis
T1698	4300-4315	NN	denotes	differentiation
T1699	4316-4317	-LRB-	denotes	[
T1700	4321-4323	CD	denotes	15
T1701	4318-4319	CD	denotes	9
T1702	4319-4320	,	denotes	,
T1703	4323-4324	,	denotes	,
T1704	4325-4327	CD	denotes	18
T1705	4327-4328	SYM	denotes	–
T1706	4329-4331	CD	denotes	20
T1707	4331-4332	-RRB-	denotes	]
T1708	4332-4333	.	denotes	.
T1709	4333-4409	sentence	denotes	In cases where this threshold is not reached, ovary differentiation ensues.
T1710	4334-4336	IN	denotes	In
T1711	4402-4408	VBZ	denotes	ensues
T1712	4337-4342	NNS	denotes	cases
T1713	4343-4348	WRB	denotes	where
T1714	4371-4378	VBN	denotes	reached
T1715	4349-4353	DT	denotes	this
T1716	4354-4363	NN	denotes	threshold
T1717	4364-4366	VBZ	denotes	is
T1718	4367-4370	RB	denotes	not
T1719	4378-4380	,	denotes	,
T1720	4380-4385	NN	denotes	ovary
T1721	4386-4401	NN	denotes	differentiation
T1722	4408-4409	.	denotes	.
T1723	4409-4503	sentence	denotes	Once Sry expression begins, expression patterns of other genes in the gonad begin to diverge.
T1724	4410-4414	IN	denotes	Once
T1725	4430-4436	VBZ	denotes	begins
T1726	4415-4418	NN	denotes	Sry
T1727	4419-4429	NN	denotes	expression
T1728	4486-4491	VB	denotes	begin
T1729	4436-4438	,	denotes	,
T1730	4438-4448	NN	denotes	expression
T1731	4449-4457	NNS	denotes	patterns
T1732	4458-4460	IN	denotes	of
T1733	4461-4466	JJ	denotes	other
T1734	4467-4472	NNS	denotes	genes
T1735	4473-4475	IN	denotes	in
T1736	4476-4479	DT	denotes	the
T1737	4480-4485	NN	denotes	gonad
T1738	4492-4494	TO	denotes	to
T1739	4495-4502	VB	denotes	diverge
T1740	4502-4503	.	denotes	.
T1741	4503-4682	sentence	denotes	The first gene downstream of Sry known to show male-specific up-regulation in Sertoli cell precursors is a related gene expressed in many tissues in the developing embryo , Sox9.
T1742	4504-4507	DT	denotes	The
T1743	4514-4518	NN	denotes	gene
T1744	4508-4513	JJ	denotes	first
T1745	4606-4608	VBZ	denotes	is
T1746	4519-4529	RB	denotes	downstream
T1747	4530-4532	IN	denotes	of
T1748	4533-4536	NN	denotes	Sry
T1749	4537-4542	VBN	denotes	known
T1750	4543-4545	TO	denotes	to
T1751	4546-4550	VB	denotes	show
T1752	4551-4555	JJ	denotes	male
T1753	4556-4564	JJ	denotes	specific
T1754	4555-4556	HYPH	denotes	-
T1755	4568-4578	NN	denotes	regulation
T1756	4565-4567	JJ	denotes	up
T1757	4567-4568	HYPH	denotes	-
T1758	4579-4581	IN	denotes	in
T1759	4582-4589	NN	denotes	Sertoli
T1760	4590-4594	NN	denotes	cell
T1761	4595-4605	NNS	denotes	precursors
T1762	4609-4610	DT	denotes	a
T1763	4619-4623	NN	denotes	gene
T1764	4611-4618	VBN	denotes	related
T1765	4624-4633	VBN	denotes	expressed
T1766	4634-4636	IN	denotes	in
T1767	4637-4641	JJ	denotes	many
T1768	4642-4649	NNS	denotes	tissues
T1769	4650-4652	IN	denotes	in
T1770	4653-4656	DT	denotes	the
T1771	4668-4674	NN	denotes	embryo
T1772	4657-4667	VBG	denotes	developing
T1773	4675-4677	,	denotes	,
T1774	4677-4681	NN	denotes	Sox9
T1775	4681-4682	.	denotes	.
T1776	4682-4865	sentence	denotes	Disruption of Sox9 expression in the XY gonad causes male-to-female sex reversal [ 21, 22], whereas increasing the dose of Sox9 in the XX gonad leads to testis development [ 23– 25].
T1777	4683-4693	NN	denotes	Disruption
T1778	4729-4735	VBZ	denotes	causes
T1779	4694-4696	IN	denotes	of
T1780	4697-4701	NN	denotes	Sox9
T1781	4702-4712	NN	denotes	expression
T1782	4713-4715	IN	denotes	in
T1783	4716-4719	DT	denotes	the
T1784	4723-4728	NN	denotes	gonad
T1785	4720-4722	NN	denotes	XY
T1786	4736-4740	JJ	denotes	male
T1787	4755-4763	NN	denotes	reversal
T1788	4740-4741	HYPH	denotes	-
T1789	4741-4743	IN	denotes	to
T1790	4743-4744	HYPH	denotes	-
T1791	4744-4750	JJ	denotes	female
T1792	4751-4754	NN	denotes	sex
T1793	4764-4765	-LRB-	denotes	[
T1794	4770-4772	CD	denotes	22
T1795	4766-4768	CD	denotes	21
T1796	4768-4769	,	denotes	,
T1797	4772-4773	-RRB-	denotes	]
T1798	4773-4775	,	denotes	,
T1799	4775-4782	IN	denotes	whereas
T1800	4827-4832	VBZ	denotes	leads
T1801	4783-4793	VBG	denotes	increasing
T1802	4794-4797	DT	denotes	the
T1803	4798-4802	NN	denotes	dose
T1804	4803-4805	IN	denotes	of
T1805	4806-4810	NN	denotes	Sox9
T1806	4811-4813	IN	denotes	in
T1807	4814-4817	DT	denotes	the
T1808	4821-4826	NN	denotes	gonad
T1809	4818-4820	NN	denotes	XX
T1810	4833-4835	IN	denotes	to
T1811	4836-4842	NN	denotes	testis
T1812	4843-4854	NN	denotes	development
T1813	4855-4856	-LRB-	denotes	[
T1814	4857-4859	CD	denotes	23
T1815	4859-4860	SYM	denotes	–
T1816	4861-4863	CD	denotes	25
T1817	4863-4864	-RRB-	denotes	]
T1818	4864-4865	.	denotes	.
T1819	4865-4941	sentence	denotes	These studies indicate that Sox9 plays a central role in sex determination.
T1820	4866-4871	DT	denotes	These
T1821	4872-4879	NNS	denotes	studies
T1822	4880-4888	VBP	denotes	indicate
T1823	4889-4893	IN	denotes	that
T1824	4899-4904	VBZ	denotes	plays
T1825	4894-4898	NN	denotes	Sox9
T1826	4905-4906	DT	denotes	a
T1827	4915-4919	NN	denotes	role
T1828	4907-4914	JJ	denotes	central
T1829	4920-4922	IN	denotes	in
T1830	4923-4926	NN	denotes	sex
T1831	4927-4940	NN	denotes	determination
T1832	4940-4941	.	denotes	.
T1833	4941-5057	sentence	denotes	Unlike Sry, which is specific to mammals, expression of Sox9 is known to be conserved in the gonad of many species.
T1834	4942-4948	IN	denotes	Unlike
T1835	5006-5011	VBN	denotes	known
T1836	4949-4952	NN	denotes	Sry
T1837	4952-4954	,	denotes	,
T1838	4954-4959	WDT	denotes	which
T1839	4960-4962	VBZ	denotes	is
T1840	4963-4971	JJ	denotes	specific
T1841	4972-4974	IN	denotes	to
T1842	4975-4982	NNS	denotes	mammals
T1843	4982-4984	,	denotes	,
T1844	4984-4994	NN	denotes	expression
T1845	4995-4997	IN	denotes	of
T1846	4998-5002	NN	denotes	Sox9
T1847	5003-5005	VBZ	denotes	is
T1848	5012-5014	TO	denotes	to
T1849	5018-5027	VBN	denotes	conserved
T1850	5015-5017	VB	denotes	be
T1851	5028-5030	IN	denotes	in
T1852	5031-5034	DT	denotes	the
T1853	5035-5040	NN	denotes	gonad
T1854	5041-5043	IN	denotes	of
T1855	5044-5048	JJ	denotes	many
T1856	5049-5056	NNS	denotes	species
T1857	5056-5057	.	denotes	.
T1858	5057-5134	sentence	denotes	In mammals, Sox9 is up-regulated immediately after Sry expression initiates.
T1859	5058-5060	IN	denotes	In
T1860	5081-5090	VBN	denotes	regulated
T1861	5061-5068	NNS	denotes	mammals
T1862	5068-5070	,	denotes	,
T1863	5070-5074	NN	denotes	Sox9
T1864	5075-5077	VBZ	denotes	is
T1865	5078-5080	RB	denotes	up
T1866	5080-5081	HYPH	denotes	-
T1867	5091-5102	RB	denotes	immediately
T1868	5124-5133	VBZ	denotes	initiates
T1869	5103-5108	IN	denotes	after
T1870	5109-5112	NN	denotes	Sry
T1871	5113-5123	NN	denotes	expression
T1872	5133-5134	.	denotes	.
T1873	5134-5424	sentence	denotes	Experiments tracing Sry-expressing cells using a stable reporter demonstrated that once testis differentiation is established, all Sertoli cells that express Sox9 are descendants of cells that have expressed Sry [ 16], suggesting that activation of Sox9 is a cell-autonomous effect of Sry.
T1874	5135-5146	NNS	denotes	Experiments
T1875	5200-5212	VBD	denotes	demonstrated
T1876	5147-5154	VBG	denotes	tracing
T1877	5155-5158	NN	denotes	Sry
T1878	5170-5175	NNS	denotes	cells
T1879	5158-5159	HYPH	denotes	-
T1880	5159-5169	VBG	denotes	expressing
T1881	5176-5181	VBG	denotes	using
T1882	5182-5183	DT	denotes	a
T1883	5191-5199	NN	denotes	reporter
T1884	5184-5190	JJ	denotes	stable
T1885	5213-5217	IN	denotes	that
T1886	5298-5301	VBP	denotes	are
T1887	5218-5222	IN	denotes	once
T1888	5249-5260	VBN	denotes	established
T1889	5223-5229	NN	denotes	testis
T1890	5230-5245	NN	denotes	differentiation
T1891	5246-5248	VBZ	denotes	is
T1892	5260-5262	,	denotes	,
T1893	5262-5265	DT	denotes	all
T1894	5274-5279	NNS	denotes	cells
T1895	5266-5273	NN	denotes	Sertoli
T1896	5280-5284	WDT	denotes	that
T1897	5285-5292	VBP	denotes	express
T1898	5293-5297	NN	denotes	Sox9
T1899	5302-5313	NNS	denotes	descendants
T1900	5314-5316	IN	denotes	of
T1901	5317-5322	NNS	denotes	cells
T1902	5323-5327	WDT	denotes	that
T1903	5333-5342	VBN	denotes	expressed
T1904	5328-5332	VBP	denotes	have
T1905	5343-5346	NN	denotes	Sry
T1906	5347-5348	-LRB-	denotes	[
T1907	5349-5351	CD	denotes	16
T1908	5351-5352	-RRB-	denotes	]
T1909	5352-5354	,	denotes	,
T1910	5354-5364	VBG	denotes	suggesting
T1911	5365-5369	IN	denotes	that
T1912	5389-5391	VBZ	denotes	is
T1913	5370-5380	NN	denotes	activation
T1914	5381-5383	IN	denotes	of
T1915	5384-5388	NN	denotes	Sox9
T1916	5392-5393	DT	denotes	a
T1917	5410-5416	NN	denotes	effect
T1918	5394-5398	NN	denotes	cell
T1919	5399-5409	JJ	denotes	autonomous
T1920	5398-5399	HYPH	denotes	-
T1921	5417-5419	IN	denotes	of
T1922	5420-5423	NN	denotes	Sry
T1923	5423-5424	.	denotes	.
T1924	5424-5787	sentence	denotes	However, mutations in several signaling pathways including Fgf9 and Igf1r/Irr/Ir (insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor/insulin receptor-related receptor/insulin receptor) resulted in loss of Sox9 expression and partial or complete sex reversal [ 26, 27], suggesting that extracellular signaling pathways play a significant role during primary sex determination.
T1925	5425-5432	RB	denotes	However
T1926	5597-5605	VBD	denotes	resulted
T1927	5432-5434	,	denotes	,
T1928	5434-5443	NNS	denotes	mutations
T1929	5444-5446	IN	denotes	in
T1930	5447-5454	JJ	denotes	several
T1931	5465-5473	NNS	denotes	pathways
T1932	5455-5464	NN	denotes	signaling
T1933	5474-5483	VBG	denotes	including
T1934	5484-5488	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T1935	5489-5492	CC	denotes	and
T1936	5493-5498	NN	denotes	Igf1r
T1937	5503-5505	NN	denotes	Ir
T1938	5498-5499	HYPH	denotes	/
T1939	5499-5502	NN	denotes	Irr
T1940	5502-5503	HYPH	denotes	/
T1941	5506-5507	-LRB-	denotes	(
T1942	5507-5514	NN	denotes	insulin
T1943	5515-5519	JJ	denotes	like
T1944	5514-5515	HYPH	denotes	-
T1945	5536-5544	NN	denotes	receptor
T1946	5520-5526	NN	denotes	growth
T1947	5527-5533	NN	denotes	factor
T1948	5534-5535	CD	denotes	1
T1949	5544-5545	HYPH	denotes	/
T1950	5545-5552	NN	denotes	insulin
T1951	5553-5561	NN	denotes	receptor
T1952	5562-5569	VBN	denotes	related
T1953	5561-5562	HYPH	denotes	-
T1954	5570-5578	NN	denotes	receptor
T1955	5578-5579	HYPH	denotes	/
T1956	5579-5586	NN	denotes	insulin
T1957	5587-5595	NN	denotes	receptor
T1958	5595-5596	-RRB-	denotes	)
T1959	5606-5608	IN	denotes	in
T1960	5609-5613	NN	denotes	loss
T1961	5614-5616	IN	denotes	of
T1962	5617-5621	NN	denotes	Sox9
T1963	5622-5632	NN	denotes	expression
T1964	5633-5636	CC	denotes	and
T1965	5637-5644	JJ	denotes	partial
T1966	5661-5669	NN	denotes	reversal
T1967	5645-5647	CC	denotes	or
T1968	5648-5656	JJ	denotes	complete
T1969	5657-5660	NN	denotes	sex
T1970	5670-5671	-LRB-	denotes	[
T1971	5676-5678	CD	denotes	27
T1972	5672-5674	CD	denotes	26
T1973	5674-5675	,	denotes	,
T1974	5678-5679	-RRB-	denotes	]
T1975	5679-5681	,	denotes	,
T1976	5681-5691	VBG	denotes	suggesting
T1977	5692-5696	IN	denotes	that
T1978	5730-5734	VBP	denotes	play
T1979	5697-5710	JJ	denotes	extracellular
T1980	5721-5729	NNS	denotes	pathways
T1981	5711-5720	NN	denotes	signaling
T1982	5735-5736	DT	denotes	a
T1983	5749-5753	NN	denotes	role
T1984	5737-5748	JJ	denotes	significant
T1985	5754-5760	IN	denotes	during
T1986	5761-5768	JJ	denotes	primary
T1987	5769-5772	NN	denotes	sex
T1988	5773-5786	NN	denotes	determination
T1989	5786-5787	.	denotes	.
T1990	5787-6061	sentence	denotes	Mice homozygous for a null mutation in Fgf9 display male-to-female sex reversal caused by disruption of all testis-specific cellular events, including cell proliferation, mesonephric cell migration, testis cord formation, and the differentiation of Sertoli cells [ 26, 27].
T1991	5788-5792	NNS	denotes	Mice
T1992	5832-5839	VBP	denotes	display
T1993	5793-5803	JJ	denotes	homozygous
T1994	5804-5807	IN	denotes	for
T1995	5808-5809	DT	denotes	a
T1996	5815-5823	NN	denotes	mutation
T1997	5810-5814	JJ	denotes	null
T1998	5824-5826	IN	denotes	in
T1999	5827-5831	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T2000	5840-5844	JJ	denotes	male
T2001	5859-5867	NN	denotes	reversal
T2002	5844-5845	HYPH	denotes	-
T2003	5845-5847	IN	denotes	to
T2004	5847-5848	HYPH	denotes	-
T2005	5848-5854	JJ	denotes	female
T2006	5855-5858	NN	denotes	sex
T2007	5868-5874	VBN	denotes	caused
T2008	5875-5877	IN	denotes	by
T2009	5878-5888	NN	denotes	disruption
T2010	5889-5891	IN	denotes	of
T2011	5892-5895	DT	denotes	all
T2012	5921-5927	NNS	denotes	events
T2013	5896-5902	NN	denotes	testis
T2014	5903-5911	JJ	denotes	specific
T2015	5902-5903	HYPH	denotes	-
T2016	5912-5920	JJ	denotes	cellular
T2017	5927-5929	,	denotes	,
T2018	5929-5938	VBG	denotes	including
T2019	5939-5943	NN	denotes	cell
T2020	5944-5957	NN	denotes	proliferation
T2021	5957-5959	,	denotes	,
T2022	5959-5970	JJ	denotes	mesonephric
T2023	5971-5975	NN	denotes	cell
T2024	5976-5985	NN	denotes	migration
T2025	5985-5987	,	denotes	,
T2026	5987-5993	NN	denotes	testis
T2027	5994-5998	NN	denotes	cord
T2028	5999-6008	NN	denotes	formation
T2029	6008-6010	,	denotes	,
T2030	6010-6013	CC	denotes	and
T2031	6014-6017	DT	denotes	the
T2032	6018-6033	NN	denotes	differentiation
T2033	6034-6036	IN	denotes	of
T2034	6037-6044	NN	denotes	Sertoli
T2035	6045-6050	NNS	denotes	cells
T2036	6051-6052	-LRB-	denotes	[
T2037	6057-6059	CD	denotes	27
T2038	6053-6055	CD	denotes	26
T2039	6055-6056	,	denotes	,
T2040	6059-6060	-RRB-	denotes	]
T2041	6060-6061	.	denotes	.
T2042	6061-6214	sentence	denotes	Fgf9, like many of the founding signals in the gonads, is initially expressed in gonads of both sexes, but becomes male-specific after Sry is expressed.
T2043	6062-6066	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T2044	6130-6139	VBN	denotes	expressed
T2045	6066-6068	,	denotes	,
T2046	6068-6072	IN	denotes	like
T2047	6073-6077	JJ	denotes	many
T2048	6078-6080	IN	denotes	of
T2049	6081-6084	DT	denotes	the
T2050	6094-6101	NNS	denotes	signals
T2051	6085-6093	JJ	denotes	founding
T2052	6102-6104	IN	denotes	in
T2053	6105-6108	DT	denotes	the
T2054	6109-6115	NNS	denotes	gonads
T2055	6115-6117	,	denotes	,
T2056	6117-6119	VBZ	denotes	is
T2057	6120-6129	RB	denotes	initially
T2058	6140-6142	IN	denotes	in
T2059	6143-6149	NNS	denotes	gonads
T2060	6150-6152	IN	denotes	of
T2061	6153-6157	DT	denotes	both
T2062	6158-6163	NNS	denotes	sexes
T2063	6163-6165	,	denotes	,
T2064	6165-6168	CC	denotes	but
T2065	6169-6176	VBZ	denotes	becomes
T2066	6177-6181	JJ	denotes	male
T2067	6182-6190	JJ	denotes	specific
T2068	6181-6182	HYPH	denotes	-
T2069	6191-6196	IN	denotes	after
T2070	6204-6213	VBN	denotes	expressed
T2071	6197-6200	NN	denotes	Sry
T2072	6201-6203	VBZ	denotes	is
T2073	6213-6214	.	denotes	.
T2074	6214-6344	sentence	denotes	In a reciprocal manner, expression of Wnt4, which is also initially common to gonads of both sexes, becomes female-specific [ 8].
T2075	6215-6217	IN	denotes	In
T2076	6315-6322	VBZ	denotes	becomes
T2077	6218-6219	DT	denotes	a
T2078	6231-6237	NN	denotes	manner
T2079	6220-6230	JJ	denotes	reciprocal
T2080	6237-6239	,	denotes	,
T2081	6239-6249	NN	denotes	expression
T2082	6250-6252	IN	denotes	of
T2083	6253-6257	NN	denotes	Wnt4
T2084	6257-6259	,	denotes	,
T2085	6259-6264	WDT	denotes	which
T2086	6265-6267	VBZ	denotes	is
T2087	6268-6272	RB	denotes	also
T2088	6273-6282	RB	denotes	initially
T2089	6283-6289	JJ	denotes	common
T2090	6290-6292	IN	denotes	to
T2091	6293-6299	NNS	denotes	gonads
T2092	6300-6302	IN	denotes	of
T2093	6303-6307	DT	denotes	both
T2094	6308-6313	NNS	denotes	sexes
T2095	6313-6315	,	denotes	,
T2096	6323-6329	JJ	denotes	female
T2097	6330-6338	JJ	denotes	specific
T2098	6329-6330	HYPH	denotes	-
T2099	6339-6340	-LRB-	denotes	[
T2100	6341-6342	CD	denotes	8
T2101	6342-6343	-RRB-	denotes	]
T2102	6343-6344	.	denotes	.
T2103	6344-6449	sentence	denotes	XX gonads with a null mutation in Wnt4 display some obvious aspects of testicular differentiation [ 28].
T2104	6345-6347	NN	denotes	XX
T2105	6348-6354	NNS	denotes	gonads
T2106	6384-6391	VBP	denotes	display
T2107	6355-6359	IN	denotes	with
T2108	6360-6361	DT	denotes	a
T2109	6367-6375	NN	denotes	mutation
T2110	6362-6366	JJ	denotes	null
T2111	6376-6378	IN	denotes	in
T2112	6379-6383	NN	denotes	Wnt4
T2113	6392-6396	DT	denotes	some
T2114	6405-6412	NNS	denotes	aspects
T2115	6397-6404	JJ	denotes	obvious
T2116	6413-6415	IN	denotes	of
T2117	6416-6426	JJ	denotes	testicular
T2118	6427-6442	NN	denotes	differentiation
T2119	6443-6444	-LRB-	denotes	[
T2120	6445-6447	CD	denotes	28
T2121	6447-6448	-RRB-	denotes	]
T2122	6448-6449	.	denotes	.
T2123	6449-6628	sentence	denotes	Based on the theory that Sertoli cells initiate all downstream testicular differentiation, this might imply that Sertoli differentiation had been initiated in Wnt4 −/− XX gonads.
T2124	6450-6455	VBN	denotes	Based
T2125	6552-6557	VB	denotes	imply
T2126	6456-6458	IN	denotes	on
T2127	6459-6462	DT	denotes	the
T2128	6463-6469	NN	denotes	theory
T2129	6470-6474	IN	denotes	that
T2130	6489-6497	VBP	denotes	initiate
T2131	6475-6482	NN	denotes	Sertoli
T2132	6483-6488	NNS	denotes	cells
T2133	6498-6501	DT	denotes	all
T2134	6524-6539	NN	denotes	differentiation
T2135	6502-6512	JJ	denotes	downstream
T2136	6513-6523	JJ	denotes	testicular
T2137	6539-6541	,	denotes	,
T2138	6541-6545	DT	denotes	this
T2139	6546-6551	MD	denotes	might
T2140	6558-6562	IN	denotes	that
T2141	6596-6605	VBN	denotes	initiated
T2142	6563-6570	NN	denotes	Sertoli
T2143	6571-6586	NN	denotes	differentiation
T2144	6587-6590	VBD	denotes	had
T2145	6591-6595	VBN	denotes	been
T2146	6606-6608	IN	denotes	in
T2147	6609-6613	NN	denotes	Wnt4
T2148	6621-6627	NNS	denotes	gonads
T2149	6614-6615	SYM	denotes	−
T2150	6615-6616	HYPH	denotes	/
T2151	6616-6617	SYM	denotes	−
T2152	6618-6620	NN	denotes	XX
T2153	6627-6628	.	denotes	.
T2154	6628-6843	sentence	denotes	However, expression of Sertoli cell markers was not previously detected in these mutants during fetal stages [ 8, 29], leading to the conclusion that Wnt4 was not involved in primary sex determination in the gonad.
T2155	6629-6636	RB	denotes	However
T2156	6692-6700	VBN	denotes	detected
T2157	6636-6638	,	denotes	,
T2158	6638-6648	NN	denotes	expression
T2159	6649-6651	IN	denotes	of
T2160	6652-6659	NN	denotes	Sertoli
T2161	6660-6664	NN	denotes	cell
T2162	6665-6672	NNS	denotes	markers
T2163	6673-6676	VBD	denotes	was
T2164	6677-6680	RB	denotes	not
T2165	6681-6691	RB	denotes	previously
T2166	6701-6703	IN	denotes	in
T2167	6704-6709	DT	denotes	these
T2168	6710-6717	NNS	denotes	mutants
T2169	6718-6724	IN	denotes	during
T2170	6725-6730	JJ	denotes	fetal
T2171	6731-6737	NNS	denotes	stages
T2172	6738-6739	-LRB-	denotes	[
T2173	6743-6745	CD	denotes	29
T2174	6740-6741	CD	denotes	8
T2175	6741-6742	,	denotes	,
T2176	6745-6746	-RRB-	denotes	]
T2177	6746-6748	,	denotes	,
T2178	6748-6755	VBG	denotes	leading
T2179	6756-6758	IN	denotes	to
T2180	6759-6762	DT	denotes	the
T2181	6763-6773	NN	denotes	conclusion
T2182	6774-6778	IN	denotes	that
T2183	6792-6800	VBN	denotes	involved
T2184	6779-6783	NN	denotes	Wnt4
T2185	6784-6787	VBD	denotes	was
T2186	6788-6791	RB	denotes	not
T2187	6801-6803	IN	denotes	in
T2188	6804-6811	JJ	denotes	primary
T2189	6812-6815	NN	denotes	sex
T2190	6816-6829	NN	denotes	determination
T2191	6830-6832	IN	denotes	in
T2192	6833-6836	DT	denotes	the
T2193	6837-6842	NN	denotes	gonad
T2194	6842-6843	.	denotes	.
T2195	6843-7000	sentence	denotes	To integrate these findings, we investigated the genetic relationship of Sry, Sox9, Fgf9, and Wnt4 in the regulatory network that governs the gonadal field.
T2196	6844-6846	TO	denotes	To
T2197	6847-6856	VB	denotes	integrate
T2198	6876-6888	VBD	denotes	investigated
T2199	6857-6862	DT	denotes	these
T2200	6863-6871	NNS	denotes	findings
T2201	6871-6873	,	denotes	,
T2202	6873-6875	PRP	denotes	we
T2203	6889-6892	DT	denotes	the
T2204	6901-6913	NN	denotes	relationship
T2205	6893-6900	JJ	denotes	genetic
T2206	6914-6916	IN	denotes	of
T2207	6917-6920	NN	denotes	Sry
T2208	6920-6922	,	denotes	,
T2209	6922-6926	NN	denotes	Sox9
T2210	6926-6928	,	denotes	,
T2211	6928-6932	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T2212	6932-6934	,	denotes	,
T2213	6934-6937	CC	denotes	and
T2214	6938-6942	NN	denotes	Wnt4
T2215	6943-6945	IN	denotes	in
T2216	6946-6949	DT	denotes	the
T2217	6961-6968	NN	denotes	network
T2218	6950-6960	JJ	denotes	regulatory
T2219	6969-6973	WDT	denotes	that
T2220	6974-6981	VBZ	denotes	governs
T2221	6982-6985	DT	denotes	the
T2222	6994-6999	NN	denotes	field
T2223	6986-6993	JJ	denotes	gonadal
T2224	6999-7000	.	denotes	.
T2225	7000-7250	sentence	denotes	We show that the loss of Fgf9 in homozygous mutant XY gonads does not affect the expression of SRY or the initial up-regulation of SOX9; however, SOX9 expression is not maintained in the Fgf9 −/− mutant gonads, and testis differentiation is aborted.
T2226	7001-7003	PRP	denotes	We
T2227	7004-7008	VBP	denotes	show
T2228	7170-7180	VBN	denotes	maintained
T2229	7009-7013	IN	denotes	that
T2230	7071-7077	VB	denotes	affect
T2231	7014-7017	DT	denotes	the
T2232	7018-7022	NN	denotes	loss
T2233	7023-7025	IN	denotes	of
T2234	7026-7030	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T2235	7031-7033	IN	denotes	in
T2236	7034-7044	JJ	denotes	homozygous
T2237	7045-7051	NN	denotes	mutant
T2238	7055-7061	NNS	denotes	gonads
T2239	7052-7054	NN	denotes	XY
T2240	7062-7066	VBZ	denotes	does
T2241	7067-7070	RB	denotes	not
T2242	7078-7081	DT	denotes	the
T2243	7082-7092	NN	denotes	expression
T2244	7093-7095	IN	denotes	of
T2245	7096-7099	NN	denotes	SRY
T2246	7100-7102	CC	denotes	or
T2247	7103-7106	DT	denotes	the
T2248	7118-7128	NN	denotes	regulation
T2249	7107-7114	JJ	denotes	initial
T2250	7115-7117	JJ	denotes	up
T2251	7117-7118	HYPH	denotes	-
T2252	7129-7131	IN	denotes	of
T2253	7132-7136	NN	denotes	SOX9
T2254	7136-7137	:	denotes	;
T2255	7138-7145	RB	denotes	however
T2256	7145-7147	,	denotes	,
T2257	7147-7151	NN	denotes	SOX9
T2258	7152-7162	NN	denotes	expression
T2259	7163-7165	VBZ	denotes	is
T2260	7166-7169	RB	denotes	not
T2261	7181-7183	IN	denotes	in
T2262	7184-7187	DT	denotes	the
T2263	7204-7210	NNS	denotes	gonads
T2264	7188-7192	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T2265	7193-7194	SYM	denotes	−
T2266	7194-7195	HYPH	denotes	/
T2267	7195-7196	SYM	denotes	−
T2268	7197-7203	NN	denotes	mutant
T2269	7210-7212	,	denotes	,
T2270	7212-7215	CC	denotes	and
T2271	7216-7222	NN	denotes	testis
T2272	7223-7238	NN	denotes	differentiation
T2273	7242-7249	VBN	denotes	aborted
T2274	7239-7241	VBZ	denotes	is
T2275	7249-7250	.	denotes	.
T2276	7250-7322	sentence	denotes	We also demonstrate that FGF9 represses the ovary-promoting gene, Wnt4.
T2277	7251-7253	PRP	denotes	We
T2278	7259-7270	VBP	denotes	demonstrate
T2279	7254-7258	RB	denotes	also
T2280	7271-7275	IN	denotes	that
T2281	7281-7290	VBZ	denotes	represses
T2282	7276-7280	NN	denotes	FGF9
T2283	7291-7294	DT	denotes	the
T2284	7311-7315	NN	denotes	gene
T2285	7295-7300	NN	denotes	ovary
T2286	7301-7310	VBG	denotes	promoting
T2287	7300-7301	HYPH	denotes	-
T2288	7315-7317	,	denotes	,
T2289	7317-7321	NN	denotes	Wnt4
T2290	7321-7322	.	denotes	.
T2291	7322-7495	sentence	denotes	We hypothesize that FGF9 functions in a feed-forward loop to expand Sertoli precursor cells, which secrete FGF9, to a critical threshold number sufficient to suppress Wnt4.
T2292	7323-7325	PRP	denotes	We
T2293	7326-7337	VBP	denotes	hypothesize
T2294	7338-7342	IN	denotes	that
T2295	7348-7357	VBZ	denotes	functions
T2296	7343-7347	NN	denotes	FGF9
T2297	7358-7360	IN	denotes	in
T2298	7361-7362	DT	denotes	a
T2299	7376-7380	NN	denotes	loop
T2300	7363-7367	NN	denotes	feed
T2301	7367-7368	HYPH	denotes	-
T2302	7368-7375	RB	denotes	forward
T2303	7381-7383	TO	denotes	to
T2304	7384-7390	VB	denotes	expand
T2305	7391-7398	NN	denotes	Sertoli
T2306	7409-7414	NNS	denotes	cells
T2307	7399-7408	NN	denotes	precursor
T2308	7414-7416	,	denotes	,
T2309	7416-7421	WDT	denotes	which
T2310	7422-7429	VBP	denotes	secrete
T2311	7430-7434	NN	denotes	FGF9
T2312	7434-7436	,	denotes	,
T2313	7436-7438	IN	denotes	to
T2314	7439-7440	DT	denotes	a
T2315	7460-7466	NN	denotes	number
T2316	7441-7449	JJ	denotes	critical
T2317	7450-7459	NN	denotes	threshold
T2318	7467-7477	JJ	denotes	sufficient
T2319	7478-7480	TO	denotes	to
T2320	7481-7489	VB	denotes	suppress
T2321	7490-7494	NN	denotes	Wnt4
T2322	7494-7495	.	denotes	.
T2323	7495-7590	sentence	denotes	This directly or indirectly stabilizes SOX9 expression and secures the male fate of the gonad.
T2324	7496-7500	DT	denotes	This
T2325	7524-7534	VBZ	denotes	stabilizes
T2326	7501-7509	RB	denotes	directly
T2327	7510-7512	CC	denotes	or
T2328	7513-7523	RB	denotes	indirectly
T2329	7535-7539	NN	denotes	SOX9
T2330	7540-7550	NN	denotes	expression
T2331	7551-7554	CC	denotes	and
T2332	7555-7562	VBZ	denotes	secures
T2333	7563-7566	DT	denotes	the
T2334	7572-7576	NN	denotes	fate
T2335	7567-7571	JJ	denotes	male
T2336	7577-7579	IN	denotes	of
T2337	7580-7583	DT	denotes	the
T2338	7584-7589	NN	denotes	gonad
T2339	7589-7590	.	denotes	.
T2340	7590-7671	sentence	denotes	WNT4 seems to oppose the male pathway by repressing expression of SOX9 and FGF9.
T2341	7591-7595	NN	denotes	WNT4
T2342	7596-7601	VBZ	denotes	seems
T2343	7602-7604	TO	denotes	to
T2344	7605-7611	VB	denotes	oppose
T2345	7612-7615	DT	denotes	the
T2346	7621-7628	NN	denotes	pathway
T2347	7616-7620	JJ	denotes	male
T2348	7629-7631	IN	denotes	by
T2349	7632-7642	VBG	denotes	repressing
T2350	7643-7653	NN	denotes	expression
T2351	7654-7656	IN	denotes	of
T2352	7657-7661	NN	denotes	SOX9
T2353	7662-7665	CC	denotes	and
T2354	7666-7670	NN	denotes	FGF9
T2355	7670-7671	.	denotes	.
T2356	7671-7798	sentence	denotes	Surprisingly, both male pathway genes are transiently activated in Wnt4 −/− XX gonads in the absence of the Y-linked gene Sry.
T2357	7672-7684	RB	denotes	Surprisingly
T2358	7726-7735	VBN	denotes	activated
T2359	7684-7686	,	denotes	,
T2360	7686-7690	DT	denotes	both
T2361	7704-7709	NNS	denotes	genes
T2362	7691-7695	JJ	denotes	male
T2363	7696-7703	NN	denotes	pathway
T2364	7710-7713	VBP	denotes	are
T2365	7714-7725	RB	denotes	transiently
T2366	7736-7738	IN	denotes	in
T2367	7739-7743	NN	denotes	Wnt4
T2368	7751-7757	NNS	denotes	gonads
T2369	7744-7745	SYM	denotes	−
T2370	7745-7746	HYPH	denotes	/
T2371	7746-7747	SYM	denotes	−
T2372	7748-7750	NN	denotes	XX
T2373	7758-7760	IN	denotes	in
T2374	7761-7764	DT	denotes	the
T2375	7765-7772	NN	denotes	absence
T2376	7773-7775	IN	denotes	of
T2377	7776-7779	DT	denotes	the
T2378	7789-7793	NN	denotes	gene
T2379	7780-7781	NN	denotes	Y
T2380	7782-7788	VBN	denotes	linked
T2381	7781-7782	HYPH	denotes	-
T2382	7794-7797	NN	denotes	Sry
T2383	7797-7798	.	denotes	.
T2384	7798-7986	sentence	denotes	Based on this genetic and in vitro data, we suggest that the plasticity of the bipotential gonad is controlled by mutually antagonistic signals between FGF9 and WNT4 in the gonadal field.
T2385	7799-7804	VBN	denotes	Based
T2386	7843-7850	VBP	denotes	suggest
T2387	7805-7807	IN	denotes	on
T2388	7808-7812	DT	denotes	this
T2389	7834-7838	NNS	denotes	data
T2390	7813-7820	JJ	denotes	genetic
T2391	7821-7824	CC	denotes	and
T2392	7825-7827	FW	denotes	in
T2393	7828-7833	FW	denotes	vitro
T2394	7838-7840	,	denotes	,
T2395	7840-7842	PRP	denotes	we
T2396	7851-7855	IN	denotes	that
T2397	7899-7909	VBN	denotes	controlled
T2398	7856-7859	DT	denotes	the
T2399	7860-7870	NN	denotes	plasticity
T2400	7871-7873	IN	denotes	of
T2401	7874-7877	DT	denotes	the
T2402	7890-7895	NN	denotes	gonad
T2403	7878-7889	JJ	denotes	bipotential
T2404	7896-7898	VBZ	denotes	is
T2405	7910-7912	IN	denotes	by
T2406	7913-7921	RB	denotes	mutually
T2407	7922-7934	JJ	denotes	antagonistic
T2408	7935-7942	NNS	denotes	signals
T2409	7943-7950	IN	denotes	between
T2410	7951-7955	NN	denotes	FGF9
T2411	7956-7959	CC	denotes	and
T2412	7960-7964	NN	denotes	WNT4
T2413	7965-7967	IN	denotes	in
T2414	7968-7971	DT	denotes	the
T2415	7980-7985	NN	denotes	field
T2416	7972-7979	JJ	denotes	gonadal
T2417	7985-7986	.	denotes	.
T2418	7986-8095	sentence	denotes	These signals coordinate sexually dimorphic patterns of growth, morphogenesis, and cellular differentiation.
T2419	7987-7992	DT	denotes	These
T2420	7993-8000	NNS	denotes	signals
T2421	8001-8011	VBP	denotes	coordinate
T2422	8012-8020	RB	denotes	sexually
T2423	8021-8030	JJ	denotes	dimorphic
T2424	8031-8039	NNS	denotes	patterns
T2425	8040-8042	IN	denotes	of
T2426	8043-8049	NN	denotes	growth
T2427	8049-8051	,	denotes	,
T2428	8051-8064	NN	denotes	morphogenesis
T2429	8064-8066	,	denotes	,
T2430	8066-8069	CC	denotes	and
T2431	8070-8078	JJ	denotes	cellular
T2432	8079-8094	NN	denotes	differentiation
T2433	8094-8095	.	denotes	.
T2598	8106-8111	RB	denotes	Early
T2599	8124-8134	NN	denotes	Expression
T2600	8112-8123	JJ	denotes	Bipotential
T2601	8143-8151	VBZ	denotes	Resolves
T2602	8135-8137	IN	denotes	of
T2603	8138-8142	NN	denotes	FGF9
T2604	8152-8154	IN	denotes	to
T2605	8155-8157	DT	denotes	an
T2606	8170-8177	NN	denotes	Pattern
T2607	8158-8160	NN	denotes	XY
T2608	8161-8169	JJ	denotes	Specific
T2609	8160-8161	HYPH	denotes	-
T2610	8178-8180	IN	denotes	by
T2611	8181-8185	CD	denotes	12.5
T2612	8186-8189	NNS	denotes	dpc
T2613	8189-8281	sentence	denotes	Using an antibody specific to FGF9, we examined expression during normal gonad development.
T2614	8190-8195	VBG	denotes	Using
T2615	8229-8237	VBD	denotes	examined
T2616	8196-8198	DT	denotes	an
T2617	8199-8207	NN	denotes	antibody
T2618	8208-8216	JJ	denotes	specific
T2619	8217-8219	IN	denotes	to
T2620	8220-8224	NN	denotes	FGF9
T2621	8224-8226	,	denotes	,
T2622	8226-8228	PRP	denotes	we
T2623	8238-8248	NN	denotes	expression
T2624	8249-8255	IN	denotes	during
T2625	8256-8262	JJ	denotes	normal
T2626	8269-8280	NN	denotes	development
T2627	8263-8268	NN	denotes	gonad
T2628	8280-8281	.	denotes	.
T2629	8281-8375	sentence	denotes	FGF9 protein was distributed throughout the 11.5 dpc gonad in both sexes ( Figure 1A and 1B).
T2630	8282-8286	NN	denotes	FGF9
T2631	8287-8294	NN	denotes	protein
T2632	8299-8310	VBN	denotes	distributed
T2633	8295-8298	VBD	denotes	was
T2634	8311-8321	IN	denotes	throughout
T2635	8322-8325	DT	denotes	the
T2636	8335-8340	NN	denotes	gonad
T2637	8326-8330	CD	denotes	11.5
T2638	8331-8334	NN	denotes	dpc
T2639	8341-8343	IN	denotes	in
T2640	8344-8348	DT	denotes	both
T2641	8349-8354	NNS	denotes	sexes
T2642	8355-8356	-LRB-	denotes	(
T2643	8364-8366	NN	denotes	1A
T2644	8357-8363	NN	denotes	Figure
T2645	8367-8370	CC	denotes	and
T2646	8371-8373	NN	denotes	1B
T2647	8373-8374	-RRB-	denotes	)
T2648	8374-8375	.	denotes	.
T2649	8375-8527	sentence	denotes	However, by 12.5 dpc, FGF9 was detected only in XY gonads in two domains: in cells near the surface of gonads and in cells located within testis cords.
T2650	8376-8383	RB	denotes	However
T2651	8407-8415	VBN	denotes	detected
T2652	8383-8385	,	denotes	,
T2653	8385-8387	IN	denotes	by
T2654	8388-8392	CD	denotes	12.5
T2655	8393-8396	NNS	denotes	dpc
T2656	8396-8398	,	denotes	,
T2657	8398-8402	NN	denotes	FGF9
T2658	8403-8406	VBD	denotes	was
T2659	8416-8420	RB	denotes	only
T2660	8421-8423	IN	denotes	in
T2661	8424-8426	NN	denotes	XY
T2662	8427-8433	NNS	denotes	gonads
T2663	8434-8436	IN	denotes	in
T2664	8437-8440	CD	denotes	two
T2665	8441-8448	NNS	denotes	domains
T2666	8448-8450	:	denotes	:
T2667	8450-8452	IN	denotes	in
T2668	8453-8458	NNS	denotes	cells
T2669	8459-8463	IN	denotes	near
T2670	8464-8467	DT	denotes	the
T2671	8468-8475	NN	denotes	surface
T2672	8476-8478	IN	denotes	of
T2673	8479-8485	NNS	denotes	gonads
T2674	8486-8489	CC	denotes	and
T2675	8490-8492	IN	denotes	in
T2676	8493-8498	NNS	denotes	cells
T2677	8499-8506	VBN	denotes	located
T2678	8507-8513	IN	denotes	within
T2679	8514-8520	NN	denotes	testis
T2680	8521-8526	NNS	denotes	cords
T2681	8526-8527	.	denotes	.
T2682	8527-8619	sentence	denotes	This sex-specific expression pattern was maintained in gonads at 13.5 dpc ( Figure 1C– 1F).
T2683	8528-8532	DT	denotes	This
T2684	8557-8564	NN	denotes	pattern
T2685	8533-8536	NN	denotes	sex
T2686	8537-8545	JJ	denotes	specific
T2687	8536-8537	HYPH	denotes	-
T2688	8546-8556	NN	denotes	expression
T2689	8569-8579	VBN	denotes	maintained
T2690	8565-8568	VBD	denotes	was
T2691	8580-8582	IN	denotes	in
T2692	8583-8589	NNS	denotes	gonads
T2693	8590-8592	IN	denotes	at
T2694	8593-8597	CD	denotes	13.5
T2695	8598-8601	NNS	denotes	dpc
T2696	8602-8603	-LRB-	denotes	(
T2697	8611-8613	NN	denotes	1C
T2698	8604-8610	NN	denotes	Figure
T2699	8613-8614	SYM	denotes	–
T2700	8615-8617	NN	denotes	1F
T2701	8617-8618	-RRB-	denotes	)
T2702	8618-8619	.	denotes	.
T2703	8619-8827	sentence	denotes	FGF9 expression within testis cords was localized to Sertoli cells and excluded from germ cells based on the germ cell membrane marker platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule (PECAM) ( Figure 1D and 1F).
T2704	8620-8624	NN	denotes	FGF9
T2705	8625-8635	NN	denotes	expression
T2706	8660-8669	VBN	denotes	localized
T2707	8636-8642	IN	denotes	within
T2708	8643-8649	NN	denotes	testis
T2709	8650-8655	NNS	denotes	cords
T2710	8656-8659	VBD	denotes	was
T2711	8670-8672	IN	denotes	to
T2712	8673-8680	NN	denotes	Sertoli
T2713	8681-8686	NNS	denotes	cells
T2714	8687-8690	CC	denotes	and
T2715	8691-8699	VBD	denotes	excluded
T2716	8700-8704	IN	denotes	from
T2717	8705-8709	NN	denotes	germ
T2718	8710-8715	NNS	denotes	cells
T2719	8716-8721	VBN	denotes	based
T2720	8722-8724	IN	denotes	on
T2721	8725-8728	DT	denotes	the
T2722	8790-8798	NN	denotes	molecule
T2723	8729-8733	NN	denotes	germ
T2724	8734-8738	NN	denotes	cell
T2725	8739-8747	NN	denotes	membrane
T2726	8748-8754	NN	denotes	marker
T2727	8755-8763	NN	denotes	platelet
T2728	8763-8764	HYPH	denotes	/
T2729	8764-8775	JJ	denotes	endothelial
T2730	8776-8780	NN	denotes	cell
T2731	8781-8789	NN	denotes	adhesion
T2732	8799-8800	-LRB-	denotes	(
T2733	8800-8805	NN	denotes	PECAM
T2734	8805-8806	-RRB-	denotes	)
T2735	8807-8808	-LRB-	denotes	(
T2736	8816-8818	NN	denotes	1D
T2737	8809-8815	NN	denotes	Figure
T2738	8819-8822	CC	denotes	and
T2739	8823-8825	NN	denotes	1F
T2740	8825-8826	-RRB-	denotes	)
T2741	8826-8827	.	denotes	.
T2742	8827-8982	sentence	denotes	To confirm this result, we examined agametic gonads from Kit W/Wv compound heterozygous embryos, which develop testis cords containing Sertoli cells only.
T2743	8828-8830	TO	denotes	To
T2744	8831-8838	VB	denotes	confirm
T2745	8855-8863	VBD	denotes	examined
T2746	8839-8843	DT	denotes	this
T2747	8844-8850	NN	denotes	result
T2748	8850-8852	,	denotes	,
T2749	8852-8854	PRP	denotes	we
T2750	8864-8872	JJ	denotes	agametic
T2751	8873-8879	NNS	denotes	gonads
T2752	8880-8884	IN	denotes	from
T2753	8885-8890	NN	denotes	Kit W
T2754	8891-8893	NN	denotes	Wv
T2755	8890-8891	HYPH	denotes	/
T2756	8894-8902	NN	denotes	compound
T2757	8916-8923	NNS	denotes	embryos
T2758	8903-8915	JJ	denotes	heterozygous
T2759	8923-8925	,	denotes	,
T2760	8925-8930	WDT	denotes	which
T2761	8931-8938	VBP	denotes	develop
T2762	8939-8945	NN	denotes	testis
T2763	8946-8951	NNS	denotes	cords
T2764	8952-8962	VBG	denotes	containing
T2765	8963-8970	NN	denotes	Sertoli
T2766	8971-8976	NNS	denotes	cells
T2767	8977-8981	RB	denotes	only
T2768	8981-8982	.	denotes	.
T2769	8982-9271	sentence	denotes	FGF9 was detectable at normal levels in testis cords in XY Kit W/Wv gonads, where alkaline phosphatase staining verified the absence of germ cells ( Figure 1G– 1J), indicating that FGF9 is expressed by Sertoli cells, and that its expression is not dependent on the presence of germ cells.
T2770	8983-8987	NN	denotes	FGF9
T2771	8988-8991	VBD	denotes	was
T2772	8992-9002	JJ	denotes	detectable
T2773	9003-9005	IN	denotes	at
T2774	9006-9012	JJ	denotes	normal
T2775	9013-9019	NNS	denotes	levels
T2776	9020-9022	IN	denotes	in
T2777	9023-9029	NN	denotes	testis
T2778	9030-9035	NNS	denotes	cords
T2779	9036-9038	IN	denotes	in
T2780	9039-9041	NN	denotes	XY
T2781	9051-9057	NNS	denotes	gonads
T2782	9042-9047	NN	denotes	Kit W
T2783	9048-9050	NN	denotes	Wv
T2784	9047-9048	HYPH	denotes	/
T2785	9057-9059	,	denotes	,
T2786	9059-9064	WRB	denotes	where
T2787	9095-9103	VBD	denotes	verified
T2788	9065-9073	NN	denotes	alkaline
T2789	9074-9085	NN	denotes	phosphatase
T2790	9086-9094	NN	denotes	staining
T2791	9104-9107	DT	denotes	the
T2792	9108-9115	NN	denotes	absence
T2793	9116-9118	IN	denotes	of
T2794	9119-9123	NN	denotes	germ
T2795	9124-9129	NNS	denotes	cells
T2796	9130-9131	-LRB-	denotes	(
T2797	9139-9141	NN	denotes	1G
T2798	9132-9138	NN	denotes	Figure
T2799	9141-9142	SYM	denotes	–
T2800	9143-9145	NN	denotes	1J
T2801	9145-9146	-RRB-	denotes	)
T2802	9146-9148	,	denotes	,
T2803	9148-9158	VBG	denotes	indicating
T2804	9159-9163	IN	denotes	that
T2805	9172-9181	VBN	denotes	expressed
T2806	9164-9168	NN	denotes	FGF9
T2807	9169-9171	VBZ	denotes	is
T2808	9182-9184	IN	denotes	by
T2809	9185-9192	NN	denotes	Sertoli
T2810	9193-9198	NNS	denotes	cells
T2811	9198-9200	,	denotes	,
T2812	9200-9203	CC	denotes	and
T2813	9204-9208	IN	denotes	that
T2814	9224-9226	VBZ	denotes	is
T2815	9209-9212	PRP$	denotes	its
T2816	9213-9223	NN	denotes	expression
T2817	9227-9230	RB	denotes	not
T2818	9231-9240	JJ	denotes	dependent
T2819	9241-9243	IN	denotes	on
T2820	9244-9247	DT	denotes	the
T2821	9248-9256	NN	denotes	presence
T2822	9257-9259	IN	denotes	of
T2823	9260-9264	NN	denotes	germ
T2824	9265-9270	NNS	denotes	cells
T2825	9270-9271	.	denotes	.
T2826	9271-9431	sentence	denotes	In summary, FGF9 expression was present in both XX and XY gonads at bipotential stages, and became restricted to XY gonads as testis differentiation proceeded.
T2827	9272-9274	IN	denotes	In
T2828	9300-9303	VBD	denotes	was
T2829	9275-9282	NN	denotes	summary
T2830	9282-9284	,	denotes	,
T2831	9284-9288	NN	denotes	FGF9
T2832	9289-9299	NN	denotes	expression
T2833	9304-9311	JJ	denotes	present
T2834	9312-9314	IN	denotes	in
T2835	9315-9319	CC	denotes	both
T2836	9330-9336	NNS	denotes	gonads
T2837	9320-9322	NN	denotes	XX
T2838	9323-9326	CC	denotes	and
T2839	9327-9329	NN	denotes	XY
T2840	9337-9339	IN	denotes	at
T2841	9340-9351	JJ	denotes	bipotential
T2842	9352-9358	NNS	denotes	stages
T2843	9358-9360	,	denotes	,
T2844	9360-9363	CC	denotes	and
T2845	9364-9370	VBD	denotes	became
T2846	9371-9381	JJ	denotes	restricted
T2847	9382-9384	IN	denotes	to
T2848	9385-9387	NN	denotes	XY
T2849	9388-9394	NNS	denotes	gonads
T2850	9395-9397	IN	denotes	as
T2851	9421-9430	VBD	denotes	proceeded
T2852	9398-9404	NN	denotes	testis
T2853	9405-9420	NN	denotes	differentiation
T2854	9430-9431	.	denotes	.
T3068	10401-10404	NN	denotes	Sry
T3069	10405-10415	NN	denotes	Expression
T3070	10416-10418	VBZ	denotes	Is
T3071	10419-10425	JJ	denotes	Normal
T3072	10426-10428	IN	denotes	in
T3073	10429-10439	JJ	denotes	Homozygous
T3074	10440-10444	JJ	denotes	Null
T3075	10453-10459	NNS	denotes	Gonads
T3076	10445-10449	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T3077	10450-10452	NN	denotes	XY
T3078	10459-10579	sentence	denotes	The early expression of Fgf9 in bipotential gonads raised the question of whether Fgf9 is an upstream regulator of Sry.
T3079	10460-10463	DT	denotes	The
T3080	10470-10480	NN	denotes	expression
T3081	10464-10469	JJ	denotes	early
T3082	10511-10517	VBD	denotes	raised
T3083	10481-10483	IN	denotes	of
T3084	10484-10488	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T3085	10489-10491	IN	denotes	in
T3086	10492-10503	JJ	denotes	bipotential
T3087	10504-10510	NNS	denotes	gonads
T3088	10518-10521	DT	denotes	the
T3089	10522-10530	NN	denotes	question
T3090	10531-10533	IN	denotes	of
T3091	10534-10541	IN	denotes	whether
T3092	10547-10549	VBZ	denotes	is
T3093	10542-10546	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T3094	10550-10552	DT	denotes	an
T3095	10562-10571	NN	denotes	regulator
T3096	10553-10561	JJ	denotes	upstream
T3097	10572-10574	IN	denotes	of
T3098	10575-10578	NN	denotes	Sry
T3099	10578-10579	.	denotes	.
T3100	10579-10773	sentence	denotes	To investigate this possibility, we mated Fgf9 +/− mice with a transgenic reporter line that carries an enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) transgene driven by the Sry promoter Sry- EGFP.
T3101	10580-10582	TO	denotes	To
T3102	10583-10594	VB	denotes	investigate
T3103	10616-10621	VBD	denotes	mated
T3104	10595-10599	DT	denotes	this
T3105	10600-10611	NN	denotes	possibility
T3106	10611-10613	,	denotes	,
T3107	10613-10615	PRP	denotes	we
T3108	10622-10626	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T3109	10629-10630	SYM	denotes	−
T3110	10627-10628	SYM	denotes	+
T3111	10628-10629	HYPH	denotes	/
T3112	10631-10635	NNS	denotes	mice
T3113	10636-10640	IN	denotes	with
T3114	10641-10642	DT	denotes	a
T3115	10663-10667	NN	denotes	line
T3116	10643-10653	JJ	denotes	transgenic
T3117	10654-10662	NN	denotes	reporter
T3118	10668-10672	WDT	denotes	that
T3119	10673-10680	VBZ	denotes	carries
T3120	10681-10683	DT	denotes	an
T3121	10726-10735	NN	denotes	transgene
T3122	10684-10692	VBN	denotes	enhanced
T3123	10711-10718	NN	denotes	protein
T3124	10693-10698	JJ	denotes	green
T3125	10699-10710	JJ	denotes	fluorescent
T3126	10719-10720	-LRB-	denotes	(
T3127	10720-10724	NN	denotes	EGFP
T3128	10724-10725	-RRB-	denotes	)
T3129	10736-10742	VBN	denotes	driven
T3130	10743-10745	IN	denotes	by
T3131	10746-10749	DT	denotes	the
T3132	10754-10762	NN	denotes	promoter
T3133	10750-10753	NN	denotes	Sry
T3134	10763-10766	NN	denotes	Sry
T3135	10768-10772	NN	denotes	EGFP
T3136	10766-10767	HYPH	denotes	-
T3137	10772-10773	.	denotes	.
T3138	10773-10863	sentence	denotes	At early stages, this transgene represents the pattern of endogenous Sry expression [ 2].
T3139	10774-10776	IN	denotes	At
T3140	10806-10816	VBZ	denotes	represents
T3141	10777-10782	JJ	denotes	early
T3142	10783-10789	NNS	denotes	stages
T3143	10789-10791	,	denotes	,
T3144	10791-10795	DT	denotes	this
T3145	10796-10805	NN	denotes	transgene
T3146	10817-10820	DT	denotes	the
T3147	10821-10828	NN	denotes	pattern
T3148	10829-10831	IN	denotes	of
T3149	10832-10842	JJ	denotes	endogenous
T3150	10843-10846	NN	denotes	Sry
T3151	10847-10857	NN	denotes	expression
T3152	10858-10859	-LRB-	denotes	[
T3153	10860-10861	CD	denotes	2
T3154	10861-10862	-RRB-	denotes	]
T3155	10862-10863	.	denotes	.
T3156	10863-11072	sentence	denotes	The expression of the EGFP reporter was detected in Fgf9 −/− XY gonads comparable to Fgf9 +/− littermate controls ( Figure 2A and 2B), suggesting that transcriptional regulation of Sry is independent of Fgf9.
T3157	10864-10867	DT	denotes	The
T3158	10868-10878	NN	denotes	expression
T3159	10904-10912	VBN	denotes	detected
T3160	10879-10881	IN	denotes	of
T3161	10882-10885	DT	denotes	the
T3162	10891-10899	NN	denotes	reporter
T3163	10886-10890	NN	denotes	EGFP
T3164	10900-10903	VBD	denotes	was
T3165	10913-10915	IN	denotes	in
T3166	10916-10920	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T3167	10928-10934	NNS	denotes	gonads
T3168	10921-10922	SYM	denotes	−
T3169	10922-10923	HYPH	denotes	/
T3170	10923-10924	SYM	denotes	−
T3171	10925-10927	NN	denotes	XY
T3172	10935-10945	JJ	denotes	comparable
T3173	10946-10948	IN	denotes	to
T3174	10949-10953	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T3175	10969-10977	NNS	denotes	controls
T3176	10954-10955	SYM	denotes	+
T3177	10955-10956	HYPH	denotes	/
T3178	10956-10957	SYM	denotes	−
T3179	10958-10968	NN	denotes	littermate
T3180	10978-10979	-LRB-	denotes	(
T3181	10987-10989	NN	denotes	2A
T3182	10980-10986	NN	denotes	Figure
T3183	10990-10993	CC	denotes	and
T3184	10994-10996	NN	denotes	2B
T3185	10996-10997	-RRB-	denotes	)
T3186	10997-10999	,	denotes	,
T3187	10999-11009	VBG	denotes	suggesting
T3188	11010-11014	IN	denotes	that
T3189	11049-11051	VBZ	denotes	is
T3190	11015-11030	JJ	denotes	transcriptional
T3191	11031-11041	NN	denotes	regulation
T3192	11042-11044	IN	denotes	of
T3193	11045-11048	NN	denotes	Sry
T3194	11052-11063	JJ	denotes	independent
T3195	11064-11066	IN	denotes	of
T3196	11067-11071	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T3197	11071-11072	.	denotes	.
T3198	11072-11231	sentence	denotes	Sex reversal is caused not only by the loss of normal levels of Sry expression [ 30, 31] , but also by mutations disrupting SRY import into the nucleus [ 32].
T3199	11073-11076	NN	denotes	Sex
T3200	11077-11085	NN	denotes	reversal
T3201	11089-11095	VBN	denotes	caused
T3202	11086-11088	VBZ	denotes	is
T3203	11096-11099	RB	denotes	not
T3204	11105-11107	IN	denotes	by
T3205	11100-11104	RB	denotes	only
T3206	11108-11111	DT	denotes	the
T3207	11112-11116	NN	denotes	loss
T3208	11117-11119	IN	denotes	of
T3209	11120-11126	JJ	denotes	normal
T3210	11127-11133	NNS	denotes	levels
T3211	11134-11136	IN	denotes	of
T3212	11137-11140	NN	denotes	Sry
T3213	11141-11151	NN	denotes	expression
T3214	11152-11153	-LRB-	denotes	[
T3215	11158-11160	CD	denotes	31
T3216	11154-11156	CD	denotes	30
T3217	11156-11157	,	denotes	,
T3218	11160-11161	-RRB-	denotes	]
T3219	11162-11164	,	denotes	,
T3220	11164-11167	CC	denotes	but
T3221	11168-11172	RB	denotes	also
T3222	11173-11175	IN	denotes	by
T3223	11176-11185	NNS	denotes	mutations
T3224	11186-11196	VBG	denotes	disrupting
T3225	11197-11200	NN	denotes	SRY
T3226	11201-11207	NN	denotes	import
T3227	11208-11212	IN	denotes	into
T3228	11213-11216	DT	denotes	the
T3229	11217-11224	NN	denotes	nucleus
T3230	11225-11226	-LRB-	denotes	[
T3231	11227-11229	CD	denotes	32
T3232	11229-11230	-RRB-	denotes	]
T3233	11230-11231	.	denotes	.
T3234	11231-11324	sentence	denotes	The transgene, Sry-EGFP, does not reflect the intracellular distribution of the SRY protein.
T3235	11232-11235	DT	denotes	The
T3236	11236-11245	NN	denotes	transgene
T3237	11266-11273	VB	denotes	reflect
T3238	11245-11247	,	denotes	,
T3239	11247-11250	NN	denotes	Sry
T3240	11251-11255	NN	denotes	EGFP
T3241	11250-11251	HYPH	denotes	-
T3242	11255-11257	,	denotes	,
T3243	11257-11261	VBZ	denotes	does
T3244	11262-11265	RB	denotes	not
T3245	11274-11277	DT	denotes	the
T3246	11292-11304	NN	denotes	distribution
T3247	11278-11291	JJ	denotes	intracellular
T3248	11305-11307	IN	denotes	of
T3249	11308-11311	DT	denotes	the
T3250	11316-11323	NN	denotes	protein
T3251	11312-11315	NN	denotes	SRY
T3252	11323-11324	.	denotes	.
T3253	11324-11554	sentence	denotes	To investigate this aspect of SRY regulation, we bred Fgf9 +/− mice with another Sry reporter mouse line carrying a Myc-tagged Sry transgene, Sry Myc, which recapitulates the endogenous intracellular SRY expression pattern [ 16].
T3254	11325-11327	TO	denotes	To
T3255	11328-11339	VB	denotes	investigate
T3256	11374-11378	VBD	denotes	bred
T3257	11340-11344	DT	denotes	this
T3258	11345-11351	NN	denotes	aspect
T3259	11352-11354	IN	denotes	of
T3260	11355-11358	NN	denotes	SRY
T3261	11359-11369	NN	denotes	regulation
T3262	11369-11371	,	denotes	,
T3263	11371-11373	PRP	denotes	we
T3264	11379-11383	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T3265	11388-11392	NNS	denotes	mice
T3266	11384-11385	SYM	denotes	+
T3267	11385-11386	HYPH	denotes	/
T3268	11386-11387	SYM	denotes	−
T3269	11393-11397	IN	denotes	with
T3270	11398-11405	DT	denotes	another
T3271	11425-11429	NN	denotes	line
T3272	11406-11409	NN	denotes	Sry
T3273	11410-11418	NN	denotes	reporter
T3274	11419-11424	NN	denotes	mouse
T3275	11430-11438	VBG	denotes	carrying
T3276	11439-11440	DT	denotes	a
T3277	11456-11465	NN	denotes	transgene
T3278	11441-11444	NN	denotes	Myc
T3279	11445-11451	VBN	denotes	tagged
T3280	11444-11445	HYPH	denotes	-
T3281	11452-11455	NN	denotes	Sry
T3282	11465-11467	,	denotes	,
T3283	11467-11474	NN	denotes	Sry Myc
T3284	11474-11476	,	denotes	,
T3285	11476-11481	WDT	denotes	which
T3286	11482-11495	VBZ	denotes	recapitulates
T3287	11496-11499	DT	denotes	the
T3288	11540-11547	NN	denotes	pattern
T3289	11500-11510	JJ	denotes	endogenous
T3290	11511-11524	JJ	denotes	intracellular
T3291	11525-11528	NN	denotes	SRY
T3292	11529-11539	NN	denotes	expression
T3293	11548-11549	-LRB-	denotes	[
T3294	11550-11552	CD	denotes	16
T3295	11552-11553	-RRB-	denotes	]
T3296	11553-11554	.	denotes	.
T3297	11554-11734	sentence	denotes	Using an antibody against c-MYC, the expression and nuclear localization of SRY MYC in Sry Myc; Fgf9 −/− gonads was indistinguishable from littermate controls ( Figure 2C and 2D).
T3298	11555-11560	VBG	denotes	Using
T3299	11667-11670	VBD	denotes	was
T3300	11561-11563	DT	denotes	an
T3301	11564-11572	NN	denotes	antibody
T3302	11573-11580	IN	denotes	against
T3303	11581-11582	NN	denotes	c
T3304	11583-11586	NN	denotes	MYC
T3305	11582-11583	HYPH	denotes	-
T3306	11586-11588	,	denotes	,
T3307	11588-11591	DT	denotes	the
T3308	11592-11602	NN	denotes	expression
T3309	11603-11606	CC	denotes	and
T3310	11607-11614	JJ	denotes	nuclear
T3311	11615-11627	NN	denotes	localization
T3312	11628-11630	IN	denotes	of
T3313	11631-11638	NN	denotes	SRY MYC
T3314	11639-11641	IN	denotes	in
T3315	11642-11649	NN	denotes	Sry Myc
T3316	11660-11666	NNS	denotes	gonads
T3317	11649-11650	:	denotes	;
T3318	11651-11655	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T3319	11656-11657	SYM	denotes	−
T3320	11657-11658	HYPH	denotes	/
T3321	11658-11659	SYM	denotes	−
T3322	11671-11688	JJ	denotes	indistinguishable
T3323	11689-11693	IN	denotes	from
T3324	11694-11704	NN	denotes	littermate
T3325	11705-11713	NNS	denotes	controls
T3326	11714-11715	-LRB-	denotes	(
T3327	11723-11725	NN	denotes	2C
T3328	11716-11722	NN	denotes	Figure
T3329	11726-11729	CC	denotes	and
T3330	11730-11732	NN	denotes	2D
T3331	11732-11733	-RRB-	denotes	)
T3332	11733-11734	.	denotes	.
T3333	11734-11858	sentence	denotes	These data using two different Sry transgenic reporter lines provide evidence that Sry expression is not dependent on Fgf9.
T3334	11735-11740	DT	denotes	These
T3335	11741-11745	NNS	denotes	data
T3336	11796-11803	VBP	denotes	provide
T3337	11746-11751	VBG	denotes	using
T3338	11752-11755	CD	denotes	two
T3339	11790-11795	NNS	denotes	lines
T3340	11756-11765	JJ	denotes	different
T3341	11766-11769	NN	denotes	Sry
T3342	11770-11780	JJ	denotes	transgenic
T3343	11781-11789	NN	denotes	reporter
T3344	11804-11812	NN	denotes	evidence
T3345	11813-11817	IN	denotes	that
T3346	11833-11835	VBZ	denotes	is
T3347	11818-11821	NN	denotes	Sry
T3348	11822-11832	NN	denotes	expression
T3349	11836-11839	RB	denotes	not
T3350	11840-11849	JJ	denotes	dependent
T3351	11850-11852	IN	denotes	on
T3352	11853-11857	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T3353	11857-11858	.	denotes	.
T3354	11858-11962	sentence	denotes	Therefore, Fgf9 signaling must act in parallel and/or downstream of Sry to regulate testis development.
T3355	11859-11868	RB	denotes	Therefore
T3356	11890-11893	VB	denotes	act
T3357	11868-11870	,	denotes	,
T3358	11870-11874	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T3359	11875-11884	NN	denotes	signaling
T3360	11885-11889	MD	denotes	must
T3361	11894-11896	IN	denotes	in
T3362	11897-11905	JJ	denotes	parallel
T3363	11906-11909	CC	denotes	and
T3364	11909-11910	HYPH	denotes	/
T3365	11910-11912	CC	denotes	or
T3366	11913-11923	RB	denotes	downstream
T3367	11924-11926	IN	denotes	of
T3368	11927-11930	NN	denotes	Sry
T3369	11931-11933	TO	denotes	to
T3370	11934-11942	VB	denotes	regulate
T3371	11943-11949	NN	denotes	testis
T3372	11950-11961	NN	denotes	development
T3373	11961-11962	.	denotes	.
T3596	13183-13187	NN	denotes	FGF9
T3597	13195-13203	VB	denotes	Regulate
T3598	13188-13191	MD	denotes	Can
T3599	13192-13194	RB	denotes	Up
T3600	13194-13195	HYPH	denotes	-
T3601	13204-13208	NN	denotes	SOX9
T3602	13209-13219	NN	denotes	Expression
T3603	13219-13357	sentence	denotes	In our previous study we did not observe SOX9 expression at 12.5 dpc in Fgf9 −/− XY gonads that fail to develop into normal testes [ 26].
T3604	13220-13222	IN	denotes	In
T3605	13253-13260	VB	denotes	observe
T3606	13223-13226	PRP$	denotes	our
T3607	13236-13241	NN	denotes	study
T3608	13227-13235	JJ	denotes	previous
T3609	13242-13244	PRP	denotes	we
T3610	13245-13248	VBD	denotes	did
T3611	13249-13252	RB	denotes	not
T3612	13261-13265	NN	denotes	SOX9
T3613	13266-13276	NN	denotes	expression
T3614	13277-13279	IN	denotes	at
T3615	13280-13284	CD	denotes	12.5
T3616	13285-13288	NNS	denotes	dpc
T3617	13289-13291	IN	denotes	in
T3618	13292-13296	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T3619	13304-13310	NNS	denotes	gonads
T3620	13297-13298	SYM	denotes	−
T3621	13298-13299	HYPH	denotes	/
T3622	13299-13300	SYM	denotes	−
T3623	13301-13303	NN	denotes	XY
T3624	13311-13315	WDT	denotes	that
T3625	13316-13320	VBP	denotes	fail
T3626	13321-13323	TO	denotes	to
T3627	13324-13331	VB	denotes	develop
T3628	13332-13336	IN	denotes	into
T3629	13337-13343	JJ	denotes	normal
T3630	13344-13350	NNS	denotes	testes
T3631	13351-13352	-LRB-	denotes	[
T3632	13353-13355	CD	denotes	26
T3633	13355-13356	-RRB-	denotes	]
T3634	13356-13357	.	denotes	.
T3635	13357-13543	sentence	denotes	However, the loss of SOX9 expression at 12.5 dpc could be a consequence of the loss of Sertoli differentiation rather than a reflection of the genetic interaction between FGF9 and SOX9.
T3636	13358-13365	RB	denotes	However
T3637	13413-13415	VB	denotes	be
T3638	13365-13367	,	denotes	,
T3639	13367-13370	DT	denotes	the
T3640	13371-13375	NN	denotes	loss
T3641	13376-13378	IN	denotes	of
T3642	13379-13383	NN	denotes	SOX9
T3643	13384-13394	NN	denotes	expression
T3644	13395-13397	IN	denotes	at
T3645	13398-13402	CD	denotes	12.5
T3646	13403-13406	NNS	denotes	dpc
T3647	13407-13412	MD	denotes	could
T3648	13416-13417	DT	denotes	a
T3649	13418-13429	NN	denotes	consequence
T3650	13430-13432	IN	denotes	of
T3651	13433-13436	DT	denotes	the
T3652	13437-13441	NN	denotes	loss
T3653	13442-13444	IN	denotes	of
T3654	13445-13452	NN	denotes	Sertoli
T3655	13453-13468	NN	denotes	differentiation
T3656	13469-13475	RB	denotes	rather
T3657	13476-13480	IN	denotes	than
T3658	13481-13482	DT	denotes	a
T3659	13483-13493	NN	denotes	reflection
T3660	13494-13496	IN	denotes	of
T3661	13497-13500	DT	denotes	the
T3662	13509-13520	NN	denotes	interaction
T3663	13501-13508	JJ	denotes	genetic
T3664	13521-13528	IN	denotes	between
T3665	13529-13533	NN	denotes	FGF9
T3666	13534-13537	CC	denotes	and
T3667	13538-13542	NN	denotes	SOX9
T3668	13542-13543	.	denotes	.
T3669	13543-13727	sentence	denotes	Normally, Sox9 is weakly expressed in wild-type genital ridges of both XX and XY embryos at 10.5 dpc and, after the onset of Sry expression, is up-regulated in XY gonads [ 5, 33, 16].
T3670	13544-13552	RB	denotes	Normally
T3671	13569-13578	VBN	denotes	expressed
T3672	13552-13554	,	denotes	,
T3673	13554-13558	NN	denotes	Sox9
T3674	13559-13561	VBZ	denotes	is
T3675	13562-13568	RB	denotes	weakly
T3676	13579-13581	IN	denotes	in
T3677	13582-13586	JJ	denotes	wild
T3678	13587-13591	NN	denotes	type
T3679	13586-13587	HYPH	denotes	-
T3680	13600-13606	NNS	denotes	ridges
T3681	13592-13599	JJ	denotes	genital
T3682	13607-13609	IN	denotes	of
T3683	13610-13614	CC	denotes	both
T3684	13615-13617	NN	denotes	XX
T3685	13625-13632	NNS	denotes	embryos
T3686	13618-13621	CC	denotes	and
T3687	13622-13624	NN	denotes	XY
T3688	13633-13635	IN	denotes	at
T3689	13636-13640	CD	denotes	10.5
T3690	13641-13644	NNS	denotes	dpc
T3691	13645-13648	CC	denotes	and
T3692	13648-13650	,	denotes	,
T3693	13650-13655	IN	denotes	after
T3694	13691-13700	VBN	denotes	regulated
T3695	13656-13659	DT	denotes	the
T3696	13660-13665	NN	denotes	onset
T3697	13666-13668	IN	denotes	of
T3698	13669-13672	NN	denotes	Sry
T3699	13673-13683	NN	denotes	expression
T3700	13683-13685	,	denotes	,
T3701	13685-13687	VBZ	denotes	is
T3702	13688-13690	RB	denotes	up
T3703	13690-13691	HYPH	denotes	-
T3704	13701-13703	IN	denotes	in
T3705	13704-13706	NN	denotes	XY
T3706	13707-13713	NNS	denotes	gonads
T3707	13714-13715	-LRB-	denotes	[
T3708	13723-13725	CD	denotes	16
T3709	13716-13717	CD	denotes	5
T3710	13717-13718	,	denotes	,
T3711	13719-13721	CD	denotes	33
T3712	13721-13722	,	denotes	,
T3713	13725-13726	-RRB-	denotes	]
T3714	13726-13727	.	denotes	.
T3715	13727-13892	sentence	denotes	As results indicated that Fgf9 functioned downstream of, or in parallel with Sry, we investigated whether Fgf9 was involved in the up-regulation of Sox9 expression.
T3716	13728-13730	IN	denotes	As
T3717	13739-13748	VBD	denotes	indicated
T3718	13731-13738	NNS	denotes	results
T3719	13813-13825	VBD	denotes	investigated
T3720	13749-13753	IN	denotes	that
T3721	13759-13769	VBD	denotes	functioned
T3722	13754-13758	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T3723	13770-13780	RB	denotes	downstream
T3724	13805-13808	NN	denotes	Sry
T3725	13781-13783	IN	denotes	of
T3726	13783-13785	,	denotes	,
T3727	13785-13787	CC	denotes	or
T3728	13788-13790	IN	denotes	in
T3729	13791-13799	NN	denotes	parallel
T3730	13800-13804	IN	denotes	with
T3731	13808-13810	,	denotes	,
T3732	13810-13812	PRP	denotes	we
T3733	13826-13833	IN	denotes	whether
T3734	13843-13851	VBN	denotes	involved
T3735	13834-13838	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T3736	13839-13842	VBD	denotes	was
T3737	13852-13854	IN	denotes	in
T3738	13855-13858	DT	denotes	the
T3739	13862-13872	NN	denotes	regulation
T3740	13859-13861	JJ	denotes	up
T3741	13861-13862	HYPH	denotes	-
T3742	13873-13875	IN	denotes	of
T3743	13876-13880	NN	denotes	Sox9
T3744	13881-13891	NN	denotes	expression
T3745	13891-13892	.	denotes	.
T3746	13892-13994	sentence	denotes	Primary cell culture and gonad culture systems were used to assess Sox9 activation by exogenous FGF9.
T3747	13893-13900	JJ	denotes	Primary
T3748	13901-13905	NN	denotes	cell
T3749	13906-13913	NN	denotes	culture
T3750	13932-13939	NNS	denotes	systems
T3751	13914-13917	CC	denotes	and
T3752	13918-13923	NN	denotes	gonad
T3753	13924-13931	NN	denotes	culture
T3754	13945-13949	VBN	denotes	used
T3755	13940-13944	VBD	denotes	were
T3756	13950-13952	TO	denotes	to
T3757	13953-13959	VB	denotes	assess
T3758	13960-13964	NN	denotes	Sox9
T3759	13965-13975	NN	denotes	activation
T3760	13976-13978	IN	denotes	by
T3761	13979-13988	JJ	denotes	exogenous
T3762	13989-13993	NN	denotes	FGF9
T3763	13993-13994	.	denotes	.
T3764	13994-14198	sentence	denotes	For in vitro cell culture, cells were isolated from 11.5 dpc gonads free of mesonephroi, and cultured on extracellular matrix-coated coverslips with or without addition of purified FGF9 in culture media.
T3765	13995-13998	IN	denotes	For
T3766	14033-14041	VBN	denotes	isolated
T3767	13999-14001	FW	denotes	in
T3768	14002-14007	FW	denotes	vitro
T3769	14013-14020	NN	denotes	culture
T3770	14008-14012	NN	denotes	cell
T3771	14020-14022	,	denotes	,
T3772	14022-14027	NNS	denotes	cells
T3773	14028-14032	VBD	denotes	were
T3774	14042-14046	IN	denotes	from
T3775	14047-14051	CD	denotes	11.5
T3776	14052-14055	NN	denotes	dpc
T3777	14056-14062	NNS	denotes	gonads
T3778	14063-14067	JJ	denotes	free
T3779	14068-14070	IN	denotes	of
T3780	14071-14082	NNS	denotes	mesonephroi
T3781	14082-14084	,	denotes	,
T3782	14084-14087	CC	denotes	and
T3783	14088-14096	VBN	denotes	cultured
T3784	14097-14099	IN	denotes	on
T3785	14100-14113	JJ	denotes	extracellular
T3786	14128-14138	NNS	denotes	coverslips
T3787	14114-14120	NN	denotes	matrix
T3788	14121-14127	VBN	denotes	coated
T3789	14120-14121	HYPH	denotes	-
T3790	14139-14143	IN	denotes	with
T3791	14144-14146	CC	denotes	or
T3792	14147-14154	IN	denotes	without
T3793	14155-14163	NN	denotes	addition
T3794	14164-14166	IN	denotes	of
T3795	14167-14175	VBN	denotes	purified
T3796	14176-14180	NN	denotes	FGF9
T3797	14181-14183	IN	denotes	in
T3798	14184-14191	NN	denotes	culture
T3799	14192-14197	NNS	denotes	media
T3800	14197-14198	.	denotes	.
T3801	14198-14318	sentence	denotes	After culture for 24 h, SOX9 expression was monitored by an antibody specific to SOX9 in XX cells and control XY cells.
T3802	14199-14204	IN	denotes	After
T3803	14243-14252	VBN	denotes	monitored
T3804	14205-14212	NN	denotes	culture
T3805	14213-14216	IN	denotes	for
T3806	14217-14219	CD	denotes	24
T3807	14220-14221	NNS	denotes	h
T3808	14221-14223	,	denotes	,
T3809	14223-14227	NN	denotes	SOX9
T3810	14228-14238	NN	denotes	expression
T3811	14239-14242	VBD	denotes	was
T3812	14253-14255	IN	denotes	by
T3813	14256-14258	DT	denotes	an
T3814	14259-14267	NN	denotes	antibody
T3815	14268-14276	JJ	denotes	specific
T3816	14277-14279	IN	denotes	to
T3817	14280-14284	NN	denotes	SOX9
T3818	14285-14287	IN	denotes	in
T3819	14288-14290	NN	denotes	XX
T3820	14291-14296	NNS	denotes	cells
T3821	14297-14300	CC	denotes	and
T3822	14301-14308	NN	denotes	control
T3823	14312-14317	NNS	denotes	cells
T3824	14309-14311	NN	denotes	XY
T3825	14317-14318	.	denotes	.
T3826	14318-14535	sentence	denotes	Exogenous FGF9 increased cell number in XX and XY cell cultures compared with cells in a duplicate culture without FGF9 treatment (unpublished data), and caused the up-regulation of SOX9 in XX cells ( Figure 2E– 2H).
T3827	14319-14328	JJ	denotes	Exogenous
T3828	14329-14333	NN	denotes	FGF9
T3829	14334-14343	VBD	denotes	increased
T3830	14344-14348	NN	denotes	cell
T3831	14349-14355	NN	denotes	number
T3832	14356-14358	IN	denotes	in
T3833	14359-14361	NN	denotes	XX
T3834	14369-14373	NN	denotes	cell
T3835	14362-14365	CC	denotes	and
T3836	14366-14368	NN	denotes	XY
T3837	14374-14382	NNS	denotes	cultures
T3838	14383-14391	VBN	denotes	compared
T3839	14392-14396	IN	denotes	with
T3840	14397-14402	NNS	denotes	cells
T3841	14403-14405	IN	denotes	in
T3842	14406-14407	DT	denotes	a
T3843	14418-14425	NN	denotes	culture
T3844	14408-14417	JJ	denotes	duplicate
T3845	14426-14433	IN	denotes	without
T3846	14434-14438	NN	denotes	FGF9
T3847	14439-14448	NN	denotes	treatment
T3848	14449-14450	-LRB-	denotes	(
T3849	14462-14466	NNS	denotes	data
T3850	14450-14461	JJ	denotes	unpublished
T3851	14466-14467	-RRB-	denotes	)
T3852	14467-14469	,	denotes	,
T3853	14469-14472	CC	denotes	and
T3854	14473-14479	VBD	denotes	caused
T3855	14480-14483	DT	denotes	the
T3856	14487-14497	NN	denotes	regulation
T3857	14484-14486	JJ	denotes	up
T3858	14486-14487	HYPH	denotes	-
T3859	14498-14500	IN	denotes	of
T3860	14501-14505	NN	denotes	SOX9
T3861	14506-14508	IN	denotes	in
T3862	14509-14511	NN	denotes	XX
T3863	14512-14517	NNS	denotes	cells
T3864	14518-14519	-LRB-	denotes	(
T3865	14527-14529	NN	denotes	2E
T3866	14520-14526	NN	denotes	Figure
T3867	14529-14530	SYM	denotes	–
T3868	14531-14533	NN	denotes	2H
T3869	14533-14534	-RRB-	denotes	)
T3870	14534-14535	.	denotes	.
T3871	14535-14640	sentence	denotes	Up-regulation of SOX9 had not previously been seen in whole XX gonads cultured with exogenous FGF9 [ 9].
T3872	14536-14538	JJ	denotes	Up
T3873	14539-14549	NN	denotes	regulation
T3874	14538-14539	HYPH	denotes	-
T3875	14582-14586	VBN	denotes	seen
T3876	14550-14552	IN	denotes	of
T3877	14553-14557	NN	denotes	SOX9
T3878	14558-14561	VBD	denotes	had
T3879	14562-14565	RB	denotes	not
T3880	14566-14576	RB	denotes	previously
T3881	14577-14581	VBN	denotes	been
T3882	14587-14589	IN	denotes	in
T3883	14590-14595	JJ	denotes	whole
T3884	14599-14605	NNS	denotes	gonads
T3885	14596-14598	NN	denotes	XX
T3886	14606-14614	VBN	denotes	cultured
T3887	14615-14619	IN	denotes	with
T3888	14620-14629	JJ	denotes	exogenous
T3889	14630-14634	NN	denotes	FGF9
T3890	14635-14636	-LRB-	denotes	[
T3891	14637-14638	CD	denotes	9
T3892	14638-14639	-RRB-	denotes	]
T3893	14639-14640	.	denotes	.
T3894	14640-14980	sentence	denotes	To explain the difference between experimental results from dissociated XX gonadal cells and XX gonads, we reasoned that the local concentrations of FGF9 might not be high enough to override blocking signals in the intact XX gonad, or that active FGF9 was not efficiently localized or presented in the extracellular matrix of the XX gonad.
T3895	14641-14643	TO	denotes	To
T3896	14644-14651	VB	denotes	explain
T3897	14748-14756	VBD	denotes	reasoned
T3898	14652-14655	DT	denotes	the
T3899	14656-14666	NN	denotes	difference
T3900	14667-14674	IN	denotes	between
T3901	14675-14687	JJ	denotes	experimental
T3902	14688-14695	NNS	denotes	results
T3903	14696-14700	IN	denotes	from
T3904	14701-14712	VBN	denotes	dissociated
T3905	14724-14729	NNS	denotes	cells
T3906	14713-14715	NN	denotes	XX
T3907	14716-14723	JJ	denotes	gonadal
T3908	14730-14733	CC	denotes	and
T3909	14734-14736	NN	denotes	XX
T3910	14737-14743	NNS	denotes	gonads
T3911	14743-14745	,	denotes	,
T3912	14745-14747	PRP	denotes	we
T3913	14757-14761	IN	denotes	that
T3914	14805-14807	VB	denotes	be
T3915	14762-14765	DT	denotes	the
T3916	14772-14786	NNS	denotes	concentrations
T3917	14766-14771	JJ	denotes	local
T3918	14787-14789	IN	denotes	of
T3919	14790-14794	NN	denotes	FGF9
T3920	14795-14800	MD	denotes	might
T3921	14801-14804	RB	denotes	not
T3922	14808-14812	JJ	denotes	high
T3923	14813-14819	RB	denotes	enough
T3924	14820-14822	TO	denotes	to
T3925	14823-14831	VB	denotes	override
T3926	14832-14840	NN	denotes	blocking
T3927	14841-14848	NNS	denotes	signals
T3928	14849-14851	IN	denotes	in
T3929	14852-14855	DT	denotes	the
T3930	14866-14871	NN	denotes	gonad
T3931	14856-14862	JJ	denotes	intact
T3932	14863-14865	NN	denotes	XX
T3933	14871-14873	,	denotes	,
T3934	14873-14875	CC	denotes	or
T3935	14876-14880	IN	denotes	that
T3936	14913-14922	VBN	denotes	localized
T3937	14881-14887	JJ	denotes	active
T3938	14888-14892	NN	denotes	FGF9
T3939	14893-14896	VBD	denotes	was
T3940	14897-14900	RB	denotes	not
T3941	14901-14912	RB	denotes	efficiently
T3942	14923-14925	CC	denotes	or
T3943	14926-14935	VBN	denotes	presented
T3944	14936-14938	IN	denotes	in
T3945	14939-14942	DT	denotes	the
T3946	14957-14963	NN	denotes	matrix
T3947	14943-14956	JJ	denotes	extracellular
T3948	14964-14966	IN	denotes	of
T3949	14967-14970	DT	denotes	the
T3950	14974-14979	NN	denotes	gonad
T3951	14971-14973	NN	denotes	XX
T3952	14979-14980	.	denotes	.
T3953	14980-15124	sentence	denotes	To test the local effect of FGF9, we modified the XX gonad culture by stably immobilizing FGF9, or BSA as a control, on beads ( Figure 2I– 2K).
T3954	14981-14983	TO	denotes	To
T3955	14984-14988	VB	denotes	test
T3956	15018-15026	VBD	denotes	modified
T3957	14989-14992	DT	denotes	the
T3958	14999-15005	NN	denotes	effect
T3959	14993-14998	JJ	denotes	local
T3960	15006-15008	IN	denotes	of
T3961	15009-15013	NN	denotes	FGF9
T3962	15013-15015	,	denotes	,
T3963	15015-15017	PRP	denotes	we
T3964	15027-15030	DT	denotes	the
T3965	15040-15047	NN	denotes	culture
T3966	15031-15033	NN	denotes	XX
T3967	15034-15039	NN	denotes	gonad
T3968	15048-15050	IN	denotes	by
T3969	15051-15057	RB	denotes	stably
T3970	15058-15070	VBG	denotes	immobilizing
T3971	15071-15075	NN	denotes	FGF9
T3972	15075-15077	,	denotes	,
T3973	15077-15079	CC	denotes	or
T3974	15080-15083	NN	denotes	BSA
T3975	15084-15086	IN	denotes	as
T3976	15087-15088	DT	denotes	a
T3977	15089-15096	NN	denotes	control
T3978	15096-15098	,	denotes	,
T3979	15098-15100	IN	denotes	on
T3980	15101-15106	NNS	denotes	beads
T3981	15107-15108	-LRB-	denotes	(
T3982	15116-15118	NN	denotes	2I
T3983	15109-15115	NN	denotes	Figure
T3984	15118-15119	SYM	denotes	–
T3985	15120-15122	NN	denotes	2K
T3986	15122-15123	-RRB-	denotes	)
T3987	15123-15124	.	denotes	.
T3988	15124-15275	sentence	denotes	Under these conditions, SOX9 expression was up-regulated locally in cells near the surface of the XX gonad in contact with the FGF9 bead ( Figure 2K).
T3989	15125-15130	IN	denotes	Under
T3990	15172-15181	VBN	denotes	regulated
T3991	15131-15136	DT	denotes	these
T3992	15137-15147	NNS	denotes	conditions
T3993	15147-15149	,	denotes	,
T3994	15149-15153	NN	denotes	SOX9
T3995	15154-15164	NN	denotes	expression
T3996	15165-15168	VBD	denotes	was
T3997	15169-15171	RB	denotes	up
T3998	15171-15172	HYPH	denotes	-
T3999	15182-15189	RB	denotes	locally
T4000	15190-15192	IN	denotes	in
T4001	15193-15198	NNS	denotes	cells
T4002	15199-15203	IN	denotes	near
T4003	15204-15207	DT	denotes	the
T4004	15208-15215	NN	denotes	surface
T4005	15216-15218	IN	denotes	of
T4006	15219-15222	DT	denotes	the
T4007	15226-15231	NN	denotes	gonad
T4008	15223-15225	NN	denotes	XX
T4009	15232-15234	IN	denotes	in
T4010	15235-15242	NN	denotes	contact
T4011	15243-15247	IN	denotes	with
T4012	15248-15251	DT	denotes	the
T4013	15257-15261	NN	denotes	bead
T4014	15252-15256	NN	denotes	FGF9
T4015	15262-15263	-LRB-	denotes	(
T4016	15271-15273	NN	denotes	2K
T4017	15264-15270	NN	denotes	Figure
T4018	15273-15274	-RRB-	denotes	)
T4019	15274-15275	.	denotes	.
T4020	15275-15456	sentence	denotes	Taken together, these in vitro data demonstrate that ectopic FGF9 signaling can induce SOX9 expression in XX gonadal cells, suggesting a positive interaction between Fgf9 and Sox9.
T4021	15276-15281	VBN	denotes	Taken
T4022	15312-15323	VBP	denotes	demonstrate
T4023	15282-15290	RB	denotes	together
T4024	15290-15292	,	denotes	,
T4025	15292-15297	DT	denotes	these
T4026	15307-15311	NNS	denotes	data
T4027	15298-15300	FW	denotes	in
T4028	15301-15306	FW	denotes	vitro
T4029	15324-15328	IN	denotes	that
T4030	15356-15362	VB	denotes	induce
T4031	15329-15336	JJ	denotes	ectopic
T4032	15342-15351	NN	denotes	signaling
T4033	15337-15341	NN	denotes	FGF9
T4034	15352-15355	MD	denotes	can
T4035	15363-15367	NN	denotes	SOX9
T4036	15368-15378	NN	denotes	expression
T4037	15379-15381	IN	denotes	in
T4038	15382-15384	NN	denotes	XX
T4039	15393-15398	NNS	denotes	cells
T4040	15385-15392	JJ	denotes	gonadal
T4041	15398-15400	,	denotes	,
T4042	15400-15410	VBG	denotes	suggesting
T4043	15411-15412	DT	denotes	a
T4044	15422-15433	NN	denotes	interaction
T4045	15413-15421	JJ	denotes	positive
T4046	15434-15441	IN	denotes	between
T4047	15442-15446	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T4048	15447-15450	CC	denotes	and
T4049	15451-15455	NN	denotes	Sox9
T4050	15455-15456	.	denotes	.
T4198	15458-15462	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T4199	15466-15474	VBN	denotes	Required
T4200	15463-15465	VBZ	denotes	Is
T4201	15475-15478	IN	denotes	for
T4202	15479-15490	VBG	denotes	Maintaining
T4203	15491-15495	NN	denotes	SOX9
T4204	15496-15506	NN	denotes	Expression
T4205	15507-15509	IN	denotes	in
T4206	15510-15512	NN	denotes	XY
T4207	15513-15519	NNS	denotes	Gonads
T4208	15519-15714	sentence	denotes	To investigate whether Fgf9 is essential for the up-regulation of Sox9 in vivo, we assessed SOX9 expression in loss-of-function Fgf9 +/− and Fgf9 −/− XY gonads at 11.5–12.5 dpc ( Figure 3A– 3F).
T4209	15520-15522	TO	denotes	To
T4210	15523-15534	VB	denotes	investigate
T4211	15603-15611	VBD	denotes	assessed
T4212	15535-15542	IN	denotes	whether
T4213	15548-15550	VBZ	denotes	is
T4214	15543-15547	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T4215	15551-15560	JJ	denotes	essential
T4216	15561-15564	IN	denotes	for
T4217	15565-15568	DT	denotes	the
T4218	15572-15582	NN	denotes	regulation
T4219	15569-15571	JJ	denotes	up
T4220	15571-15572	HYPH	denotes	-
T4221	15583-15585	IN	denotes	of
T4222	15586-15590	NN	denotes	Sox9
T4223	15591-15593	FW	denotes	in
T4224	15594-15598	FW	denotes	vivo
T4225	15598-15600	,	denotes	,
T4226	15600-15602	PRP	denotes	we
T4227	15612-15616	NN	denotes	SOX9
T4228	15617-15627	NN	denotes	expression
T4229	15628-15630	IN	denotes	in
T4230	15631-15635	NN	denotes	loss
T4231	15673-15679	NNS	denotes	gonads
T4232	15635-15636	HYPH	denotes	-
T4233	15636-15638	IN	denotes	of
T4234	15638-15639	HYPH	denotes	-
T4235	15639-15647	NN	denotes	function
T4236	15648-15652	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T4237	15653-15654	SYM	denotes	+
T4238	15654-15655	HYPH	denotes	/
T4239	15655-15656	SYM	denotes	−
T4240	15657-15660	CC	denotes	and
T4241	15661-15665	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T4242	15666-15667	SYM	denotes	−
T4243	15667-15668	HYPH	denotes	/
T4244	15668-15669	SYM	denotes	−
T4245	15670-15672	NN	denotes	XY
T4246	15680-15682	IN	denotes	at
T4247	15683-15687	CD	denotes	11.5
T4248	15688-15692	CD	denotes	12.5
T4249	15687-15688	SYM	denotes	–
T4250	15693-15696	NNS	denotes	dpc
T4251	15697-15698	-LRB-	denotes	(
T4252	15706-15708	NN	denotes	3A
T4253	15699-15705	NN	denotes	Figure
T4254	15708-15709	SYM	denotes	–
T4255	15710-15712	NN	denotes	3F
T4256	15712-15713	-RRB-	denotes	)
T4257	15713-15714	.	denotes	.
T4258	15714-15846	sentence	denotes	In wild-type and heterozygous mutant XY gonads at 11.5 dpc, SOX9 was detected in a small number of cells in the gonad ( Figure 3A).
T4259	15715-15717	IN	denotes	In
T4260	15784-15792	VBN	denotes	detected
T4261	15718-15722	JJ	denotes	wild
T4262	15723-15727	NN	denotes	type
T4263	15722-15723	HYPH	denotes	-
T4264	15755-15761	NNS	denotes	gonads
T4265	15728-15731	CC	denotes	and
T4266	15732-15744	JJ	denotes	heterozygous
T4267	15745-15751	NN	denotes	mutant
T4268	15752-15754	NN	denotes	XY
T4269	15762-15764	IN	denotes	at
T4270	15765-15769	CD	denotes	11.5
T4271	15770-15773	NNS	denotes	dpc
T4272	15773-15775	,	denotes	,
T4273	15775-15779	NN	denotes	SOX9
T4274	15780-15783	VBD	denotes	was
T4275	15793-15795	IN	denotes	in
T4276	15796-15797	DT	denotes	a
T4277	15804-15810	NN	denotes	number
T4278	15798-15803	JJ	denotes	small
T4279	15811-15813	IN	denotes	of
T4280	15814-15819	NNS	denotes	cells
T4281	15820-15822	IN	denotes	in
T4282	15823-15826	DT	denotes	the
T4283	15827-15832	NN	denotes	gonad
T4284	15833-15834	-LRB-	denotes	(
T4285	15842-15844	NN	denotes	3A
T4286	15835-15841	NN	denotes	Figure
T4287	15844-15845	-RRB-	denotes	)
T4288	15845-15846	.	denotes	.
T4289	15846-16083	sentence	denotes	Over the next 6 h of development, nuclear SOX9 accumulated rapidly in cells toward the cortex and the anterior and posterior poles of the gonad, replicating patterns previously reported for both Sry and Sox9 expression [ 2, 16, 34– 36].
T4290	15847-15851	IN	denotes	Over
T4291	15894-15905	VBN	denotes	accumulated
T4292	15852-15855	DT	denotes	the
T4293	15863-15864	NNS	denotes	h
T4294	15856-15860	JJ	denotes	next
T4295	15861-15862	CD	denotes	6
T4296	15865-15867	IN	denotes	of
T4297	15868-15879	NN	denotes	development
T4298	15879-15881	,	denotes	,
T4299	15881-15888	JJ	denotes	nuclear
T4300	15889-15893	NN	denotes	SOX9
T4301	15906-15913	RB	denotes	rapidly
T4302	15914-15916	IN	denotes	in
T4303	15917-15922	NNS	denotes	cells
T4304	15923-15929	IN	denotes	toward
T4305	15930-15933	DT	denotes	the
T4306	15934-15940	NN	denotes	cortex
T4307	15941-15944	CC	denotes	and
T4308	15945-15948	DT	denotes	the
T4309	15972-15977	NNS	denotes	poles
T4310	15949-15957	JJ	denotes	anterior
T4311	15958-15961	CC	denotes	and
T4312	15962-15971	JJ	denotes	posterior
T4313	15978-15980	IN	denotes	of
T4314	15981-15984	DT	denotes	the
T4315	15985-15990	NN	denotes	gonad
T4316	15990-15992	,	denotes	,
T4317	15992-16003	VBG	denotes	replicating
T4318	16004-16012	NNS	denotes	patterns
T4319	16013-16023	RB	denotes	previously
T4320	16024-16032	VBN	denotes	reported
T4321	16033-16036	IN	denotes	for
T4322	16037-16041	CC	denotes	both
T4323	16042-16045	NN	denotes	Sry
T4324	16055-16065	NN	denotes	expression
T4325	16046-16049	CC	denotes	and
T4326	16050-16054	NN	denotes	Sox9
T4327	16066-16067	-LRB-	denotes	[
T4328	16071-16073	CD	denotes	16
T4329	16068-16069	CD	denotes	2
T4330	16069-16070	,	denotes	,
T4331	16073-16074	,	denotes	,
T4332	16075-16077	CD	denotes	34
T4333	16077-16078	SYM	denotes	–
T4334	16079-16081	CD	denotes	36
T4335	16081-16082	-RRB-	denotes	]
T4336	16082-16083	.	denotes	.
T4337	16083-16164	sentence	denotes	This unique pattern was also observed in Fgf9 −/− XY gonads ( Figure 3D and 3E).
T4338	16084-16088	DT	denotes	This
T4339	16096-16103	NN	denotes	pattern
T4340	16089-16095	JJ	denotes	unique
T4341	16113-16121	VBN	denotes	observed
T4342	16104-16107	VBD	denotes	was
T4343	16108-16112	RB	denotes	also
T4344	16122-16124	IN	denotes	in
T4345	16125-16129	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T4346	16137-16143	NNS	denotes	gonads
T4347	16130-16131	SYM	denotes	−
T4348	16131-16132	HYPH	denotes	/
T4349	16132-16133	SYM	denotes	−
T4350	16134-16136	NN	denotes	XY
T4351	16144-16145	-LRB-	denotes	(
T4352	16153-16155	NN	denotes	3D
T4353	16146-16152	NN	denotes	Figure
T4354	16156-16159	CC	denotes	and
T4355	16160-16162	NN	denotes	3E
T4356	16162-16163	-RRB-	denotes	)
T4357	16163-16164	.	denotes	.
T4358	16164-16398	sentence	denotes	Somatic cells within Fgf9 −/− gonads were positive for SOX9 at 11.5 dpc, the earliest stages examined, demonstrating that initial expression and up-regulation of SOX9 were not disrupted in Fgf9 −/− mutant XY gonads prior to 12.0 dpc.
T4359	16165-16172	JJ	denotes	Somatic
T4360	16173-16178	NNS	denotes	cells
T4361	16202-16206	VBD	denotes	were
T4362	16179-16185	IN	denotes	within
T4363	16186-16190	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T4364	16195-16201	NNS	denotes	gonads
T4365	16191-16192	SYM	denotes	−
T4366	16192-16193	HYPH	denotes	/
T4367	16193-16194	SYM	denotes	−
T4368	16207-16215	JJ	denotes	positive
T4369	16216-16219	IN	denotes	for
T4370	16220-16224	NN	denotes	SOX9
T4371	16225-16227	IN	denotes	at
T4372	16228-16232	CD	denotes	11.5
T4373	16233-16236	NNS	denotes	dpc
T4374	16236-16238	,	denotes	,
T4375	16238-16241	DT	denotes	the
T4376	16251-16257	NNS	denotes	stages
T4377	16242-16250	JJS	denotes	earliest
T4378	16258-16266	VBN	denotes	examined
T4379	16266-16268	,	denotes	,
T4380	16268-16281	VBG	denotes	demonstrating
T4381	16282-16286	IN	denotes	that
T4382	16341-16350	VBN	denotes	disrupted
T4383	16287-16294	JJ	denotes	initial
T4384	16295-16305	NN	denotes	expression
T4385	16306-16309	CC	denotes	and
T4386	16310-16312	JJ	denotes	up
T4387	16313-16323	NN	denotes	regulation
T4388	16312-16313	HYPH	denotes	-
T4389	16324-16326	IN	denotes	of
T4390	16327-16331	NN	denotes	SOX9
T4391	16332-16336	VBD	denotes	were
T4392	16337-16340	RB	denotes	not
T4393	16351-16353	IN	denotes	in
T4394	16354-16358	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T4395	16363-16369	NN	denotes	mutant
T4396	16359-16360	SYM	denotes	−
T4397	16360-16361	HYPH	denotes	/
T4398	16361-16362	SYM	denotes	−
T4399	16373-16379	NNS	denotes	gonads
T4400	16370-16372	NN	denotes	XY
T4401	16380-16385	JJ	denotes	prior
T4402	16386-16388	IN	denotes	to
T4403	16389-16393	CD	denotes	12.0
T4404	16394-16397	NNS	denotes	dpc
T4405	16397-16398	.	denotes	.
T4406	16398-16574	sentence	denotes	Notably, in Fgf9 −/− XY gonads, SOX9 was no longer detectable by 12.5 dpc, and Sertoli precursor cells never began to organize into normal testis cord structures ( Figure 3F).
T4407	16399-16406	RB	denotes	Notably
T4408	16436-16439	VBD	denotes	was
T4409	16406-16408	,	denotes	,
T4410	16408-16410	IN	denotes	in
T4411	16411-16415	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T4412	16423-16429	NNS	denotes	gonads
T4413	16416-16417	SYM	denotes	−
T4414	16417-16418	HYPH	denotes	/
T4415	16418-16419	SYM	denotes	−
T4416	16420-16422	NN	denotes	XY
T4417	16429-16431	,	denotes	,
T4418	16431-16435	NN	denotes	SOX9
T4419	16440-16442	RB	denotes	no
T4420	16443-16449	RBR	denotes	longer
T4421	16450-16460	JJ	denotes	detectable
T4422	16461-16463	IN	denotes	by
T4423	16464-16468	CD	denotes	12.5
T4424	16469-16472	NNS	denotes	dpc
T4425	16472-16474	,	denotes	,
T4426	16474-16477	CC	denotes	and
T4427	16478-16485	NN	denotes	Sertoli
T4428	16496-16501	NNS	denotes	cells
T4429	16486-16495	NN	denotes	precursor
T4430	16508-16513	VBD	denotes	began
T4431	16502-16507	RB	denotes	never
T4432	16514-16516	TO	denotes	to
T4433	16517-16525	VB	denotes	organize
T4434	16526-16530	IN	denotes	into
T4435	16531-16537	JJ	denotes	normal
T4436	16550-16560	NNS	denotes	structures
T4437	16538-16544	NN	denotes	testis
T4438	16545-16549	NN	denotes	cord
T4439	16561-16562	-LRB-	denotes	(
T4440	16570-16572	NN	denotes	3F
T4441	16563-16569	NN	denotes	Figure
T4442	16572-16573	-RRB-	denotes	)
T4443	16573-16574	.	denotes	.
T4444	16574-16744	sentence	denotes	These data indicate that although Fgf9 is not required for the up-regulation of Sox9 in vivo, it is indispensable to maintain Sox9 expression in Sertoli precursor cells.
T4445	16575-16580	DT	denotes	These
T4446	16581-16585	NNS	denotes	data
T4447	16586-16594	VBP	denotes	indicate
T4448	16595-16599	IN	denotes	that
T4449	16672-16674	VBZ	denotes	is
T4450	16600-16608	IN	denotes	although
T4451	16621-16629	VBN	denotes	required
T4452	16609-16613	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T4453	16614-16616	VBZ	denotes	is
T4454	16617-16620	RB	denotes	not
T4455	16630-16633	IN	denotes	for
T4456	16634-16637	DT	denotes	the
T4457	16641-16651	NN	denotes	regulation
T4458	16638-16640	JJ	denotes	up
T4459	16640-16641	HYPH	denotes	-
T4460	16652-16654	IN	denotes	of
T4461	16655-16659	NN	denotes	Sox9
T4462	16660-16662	FW	denotes	in
T4463	16663-16667	FW	denotes	vivo
T4464	16667-16669	,	denotes	,
T4465	16669-16671	PRP	denotes	it
T4466	16675-16688	JJ	denotes	indispensable
T4467	16689-16691	TO	denotes	to
T4468	16692-16700	VB	denotes	maintain
T4469	16701-16705	NN	denotes	Sox9
T4470	16706-16716	NN	denotes	expression
T4471	16717-16719	IN	denotes	in
T4472	16720-16727	NN	denotes	Sertoli
T4473	16738-16743	NNS	denotes	cells
T4474	16728-16737	NN	denotes	precursor
T4475	16743-16744	.	denotes	.
T4674	18118-18122	NN	denotes	Sox9
T4675	18126-18134	VBN	denotes	Required
T4676	18123-18125	VBZ	denotes	Is
T4677	18135-18138	IN	denotes	for
T4678	18139-18143	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T4679	18147-18157	NN	denotes	Regulation
T4680	18144-18146	JJ	denotes	Up
T4681	18146-18147	HYPH	denotes	-
T4682	18158-18160	IN	denotes	in
T4683	18161-18163	NN	denotes	XY
T4684	18164-18170	NNS	denotes	Gonads
T4685	18170-18336	sentence	denotes	We hypothesized that if the linear relationship among the three genes were Sry → Fgf9 → Sox9, expression of Fgf9 would be normal in XY gonads in the absence of Sox9.
T4686	18171-18173	PRP	denotes	We
T4687	18174-18186	VBD	denotes	hypothesized
T4688	18187-18191	IN	denotes	that
T4689	18290-18292	VB	denotes	be
T4690	18192-18194	IN	denotes	if
T4691	18241-18245	VBD	denotes	were
T4692	18195-18198	DT	denotes	the
T4693	18206-18218	NN	denotes	relationship
T4694	18199-18205	JJ	denotes	linear
T4695	18219-18224	IN	denotes	among
T4696	18225-18228	DT	denotes	the
T4697	18235-18240	NNS	denotes	genes
T4698	18229-18234	CD	denotes	three
T4699	18246-18249	NN	denotes	Sry
T4700	18250-18251	SYM	denotes	→
T4701	18252-18256	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T4702	18257-18258	SYM	denotes	→
T4703	18259-18263	NN	denotes	Sox9
T4704	18263-18265	,	denotes	,
T4705	18265-18275	NN	denotes	expression
T4706	18276-18278	IN	denotes	of
T4707	18279-18283	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T4708	18284-18289	MD	denotes	would
T4709	18293-18299	JJ	denotes	normal
T4710	18300-18302	IN	denotes	in
T4711	18303-18305	NN	denotes	XY
T4712	18306-18312	NNS	denotes	gonads
T4713	18313-18315	IN	denotes	in
T4714	18316-18319	DT	denotes	the
T4715	18320-18327	NN	denotes	absence
T4716	18328-18330	IN	denotes	of
T4717	18331-18335	NN	denotes	Sox9
T4718	18335-18336	.	denotes	.
T4719	18336-18479	sentence	denotes	Alternatively, if the relationship were Sry → Sox9 → Fgf9, expression of Fgf9 should be reduced or absent in XY gonads in the absence of Sox9.
T4720	18337-18350	RB	denotes	Alternatively
T4721	18422-18424	VB	denotes	be
T4722	18350-18352	,	denotes	,
T4723	18352-18354	IN	denotes	if
T4724	18372-18376	VBD	denotes	were
T4725	18355-18358	DT	denotes	the
T4726	18359-18371	NN	denotes	relationship
T4727	18377-18380	NN	denotes	Sry
T4728	18381-18382	SYM	denotes	→
T4729	18383-18387	NN	denotes	Sox9
T4730	18388-18389	SYM	denotes	→
T4731	18390-18394	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T4732	18394-18396	,	denotes	,
T4733	18396-18406	NN	denotes	expression
T4734	18407-18409	IN	denotes	of
T4735	18410-18414	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T4736	18415-18421	MD	denotes	should
T4737	18425-18432	JJ	denotes	reduced
T4738	18433-18435	CC	denotes	or
T4739	18436-18442	JJ	denotes	absent
T4740	18443-18445	IN	denotes	in
T4741	18446-18448	NN	denotes	XY
T4742	18449-18455	NNS	denotes	gonads
T4743	18456-18458	IN	denotes	in
T4744	18459-18462	DT	denotes	the
T4745	18463-18470	NN	denotes	absence
T4746	18471-18473	IN	denotes	of
T4747	18474-18478	NN	denotes	Sox9
T4748	18478-18479	.	denotes	.
T4749	18479-18759	sentence	denotes	We examined Fgf9 expression in Sox9 homozygous mutant ( Sox9 Δ/Δ) XY gonads generated by crossing mice homozygous for a conditional null (flox) allele of Sox9 ( Sox9 flox/flox) with mice carrying germline-specific Cre transgenes, Prm1-Cre in male and Zp3-Cre in female [ 22, 37].
T4750	18480-18482	PRP	denotes	We
T4751	18483-18491	VBD	denotes	examined
T4752	18492-18496	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T4753	18497-18507	NN	denotes	expression
T4754	18508-18510	IN	denotes	in
T4755	18511-18515	NN	denotes	Sox9
T4756	18527-18533	NN	denotes	mutant
T4757	18516-18526	JJ	denotes	homozygous
T4758	18549-18555	NNS	denotes	gonads
T4759	18534-18535	-LRB-	denotes	(
T4760	18536-18540	NN	denotes	Sox9
T4761	18541-18542	SYM	denotes	Δ
T4762	18542-18543	HYPH	denotes	/
T4763	18543-18544	SYM	denotes	Δ
T4764	18544-18545	-RRB-	denotes	)
T4765	18546-18548	NN	denotes	XY
T4766	18556-18565	VBN	denotes	generated
T4767	18566-18568	IN	denotes	by
T4768	18569-18577	VBG	denotes	crossing
T4769	18578-18582	NNS	denotes	mice
T4770	18583-18593	JJ	denotes	homozygous
T4771	18594-18597	IN	denotes	for
T4772	18598-18599	DT	denotes	a
T4773	18624-18630	NN	denotes	allele
T4774	18600-18611	JJ	denotes	conditional
T4775	18612-18616	JJ	denotes	null
T4776	18617-18618	-LRB-	denotes	(
T4777	18618-18622	NN	denotes	flox
T4778	18622-18623	-RRB-	denotes	)
T4779	18631-18633	IN	denotes	of
T4780	18634-18638	NN	denotes	Sox9
T4781	18639-18640	-LRB-	denotes	(
T4782	18641-18650	NN	denotes	Sox9 flox
T4783	18651-18655	NN	denotes	flox
T4784	18650-18651	HYPH	denotes	/
T4785	18655-18656	-RRB-	denotes	)
T4786	18657-18661	IN	denotes	with
T4787	18662-18666	NNS	denotes	mice
T4788	18667-18675	VBG	denotes	carrying
T4789	18676-18684	NN	denotes	germline
T4790	18685-18693	JJ	denotes	specific
T4791	18684-18685	HYPH	denotes	-
T4792	18698-18708	NNS	denotes	transgenes
T4793	18694-18697	NN	denotes	Cre
T4794	18708-18710	,	denotes	,
T4795	18710-18714	NN	denotes	Prm1
T4796	18715-18718	NN	denotes	Cre
T4797	18714-18715	HYPH	denotes	-
T4798	18719-18721	IN	denotes	in
T4799	18722-18726	JJ	denotes	male
T4800	18727-18730	CC	denotes	and
T4801	18731-18734	NN	denotes	Zp3
T4802	18735-18738	NN	denotes	Cre
T4803	18734-18735	HYPH	denotes	-
T4804	18739-18741	IN	denotes	in
T4805	18742-18748	JJ	denotes	female
T4806	18749-18750	-LRB-	denotes	[
T4807	18755-18757	CD	denotes	37
T4808	18751-18753	CD	denotes	22
T4809	18753-18754	,	denotes	,
T4810	18757-18758	-RRB-	denotes	]
T4811	18758-18759	.	denotes	.
T4812	18759-18848	sentence	denotes	The Sox9 null mutant embryos die after 11.5 dpc because of cardiovascular defects [ 37].
T4813	18760-18763	DT	denotes	The
T4814	18781-18788	NNS	denotes	embryos
T4815	18764-18768	NN	denotes	Sox9
T4816	18769-18773	JJ	denotes	null
T4817	18774-18780	NN	denotes	mutant
T4818	18789-18792	VBP	denotes	die
T4819	18793-18798	IN	denotes	after
T4820	18799-18803	CD	denotes	11.5
T4821	18804-18807	NNS	denotes	dpc
T4822	18808-18815	IN	denotes	because
T4823	18816-18818	IN	denotes	of
T4824	18819-18833	JJ	denotes	cardiovascular
T4825	18834-18841	NNS	denotes	defects
T4826	18842-18843	-LRB-	denotes	[
T4827	18844-18846	CD	denotes	37
T4828	18846-18847	-RRB-	denotes	]
T4829	18847-18848	.	denotes	.
T4830	18848-19187	sentence	denotes	Chaboissier et al. [ 22] successfully cultured 11.5 dpc Sox9 null mutant gonads in vitro and detected male and female markers after 2–3 d of culture, suggesting that Sox9 mutant gonads are viable and developmentally competent at 11.5 dpc—the time point at which we collected samples to perform mRNA in situ hybridization ( Figure 3G– 3J).
T4831	18849-18860	NNP	denotes	Chaboissier
T4832	18887-18895	VBD	denotes	cultured
T4833	18861-18863	FW	denotes	et
T4834	18864-18867	FW	denotes	al.
T4835	18868-18869	-LRB-	denotes	[
T4836	18870-18872	CD	denotes	22
T4837	18872-18873	-RRB-	denotes	]
T4838	18874-18886	RB	denotes	successfully
T4839	18896-18900	CD	denotes	11.5
T4840	18901-18904	NN	denotes	dpc
T4841	18922-18928	NNS	denotes	gonads
T4842	18905-18909	NN	denotes	Sox9
T4843	18910-18914	JJ	denotes	null
T4844	18915-18921	NN	denotes	mutant
T4845	18929-18931	FW	denotes	in
T4846	18932-18937	FW	denotes	vitro
T4847	18938-18941	CC	denotes	and
T4848	18942-18950	VBD	denotes	detected
T4849	18951-18955	JJ	denotes	male
T4850	18967-18974	NNS	denotes	markers
T4851	18956-18959	CC	denotes	and
T4852	18960-18966	JJ	denotes	female
T4853	18975-18980	IN	denotes	after
T4854	18981-18982	CD	denotes	2
T4855	18983-18984	CD	denotes	3
T4856	18982-18983	SYM	denotes	–
T4857	18985-18986	NNS	denotes	d
T4858	18987-18989	IN	denotes	of
T4859	18990-18997	NN	denotes	culture
T4860	18997-18999	,	denotes	,
T4861	18999-19009	VBG	denotes	suggesting
T4862	19010-19014	IN	denotes	that
T4863	19034-19037	VBP	denotes	are
T4864	19015-19019	NN	denotes	Sox9
T4865	19027-19033	NNS	denotes	gonads
T4866	19020-19026	NN	denotes	mutant
T4867	19038-19044	JJ	denotes	viable
T4868	19045-19048	CC	denotes	and
T4869	19049-19064	RB	denotes	developmentally
T4870	19065-19074	JJ	denotes	competent
T4871	19075-19077	IN	denotes	at
T4872	19078-19082	CD	denotes	11.5
T4873	19083-19086	NNS	denotes	dpc
T4874	19086-19087	HYPH	denotes	—
T4875	19087-19090	DT	denotes	the
T4876	19096-19101	NN	denotes	point
T4877	19091-19095	NN	denotes	time
T4878	19102-19104	IN	denotes	at
T4879	19114-19123	VBD	denotes	collected
T4880	19105-19110	WDT	denotes	which
T4881	19111-19113	PRP	denotes	we
T4882	19124-19131	NNS	denotes	samples
T4883	19132-19134	TO	denotes	to
T4884	19135-19142	VB	denotes	perform
T4885	19143-19147	NN	denotes	mRNA
T4886	19156-19169	NN	denotes	hybridization
T4887	19148-19150	FW	denotes	in
T4888	19151-19155	FW	denotes	situ
T4889	19170-19171	-LRB-	denotes	(
T4890	19179-19181	NN	denotes	3G
T4891	19172-19178	NN	denotes	Figure
T4892	19181-19182	SYM	denotes	–
T4893	19183-19185	NN	denotes	3J
T4894	19185-19186	-RRB-	denotes	)
T4895	19186-19187	.	denotes	.
T4896	19187-19488	sentence	denotes	The expression of Fgf9 was significantly decreased or absent in XY Sox9 Δ/Δ gonads at 11.5 dpc ( Figure 3J), while Sry expression was similar to wild-type ( Figure 3G and 3H), as previously reported [ 20], suggesting that Fgf9 expression in wild-type XY gonads is dependent on the expression of Sox9.
T4897	19188-19191	DT	denotes	The
T4898	19192-19202	NN	denotes	expression
T4899	19211-19214	VBD	denotes	was
T4900	19203-19205	IN	denotes	of
T4901	19206-19210	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T4902	19215-19228	RB	denotes	significantly
T4903	19229-19238	JJ	denotes	decreased
T4904	19239-19241	CC	denotes	or
T4905	19242-19248	JJ	denotes	absent
T4906	19249-19251	IN	denotes	in
T4907	19252-19254	NN	denotes	XY
T4908	19264-19270	NNS	denotes	gonads
T4909	19255-19259	NN	denotes	Sox9
T4910	19260-19261	SYM	denotes	Δ
T4911	19261-19262	HYPH	denotes	/
T4912	19262-19263	SYM	denotes	Δ
T4913	19271-19273	IN	denotes	at
T4914	19274-19278	CD	denotes	11.5
T4915	19279-19282	NNS	denotes	dpc
T4916	19283-19284	-LRB-	denotes	(
T4917	19292-19294	NN	denotes	3J
T4918	19285-19291	NN	denotes	Figure
T4919	19294-19295	-RRB-	denotes	)
T4920	19295-19297	,	denotes	,
T4921	19297-19302	IN	denotes	while
T4922	19318-19321	VBD	denotes	was
T4923	19303-19306	NN	denotes	Sry
T4924	19307-19317	NN	denotes	expression
T4925	19322-19329	JJ	denotes	similar
T4926	19330-19332	IN	denotes	to
T4927	19333-19337	JJ	denotes	wild
T4928	19338-19342	NN	denotes	type
T4929	19337-19338	HYPH	denotes	-
T4930	19343-19344	-LRB-	denotes	(
T4931	19352-19354	NN	denotes	3G
T4932	19345-19351	NN	denotes	Figure
T4933	19355-19358	CC	denotes	and
T4934	19359-19361	NN	denotes	3H
T4935	19361-19362	-RRB-	denotes	)
T4936	19362-19364	,	denotes	,
T4937	19364-19366	IN	denotes	as
T4938	19378-19386	VBN	denotes	reported
T4939	19367-19377	RB	denotes	previously
T4940	19387-19388	-LRB-	denotes	[
T4941	19389-19391	CD	denotes	20
T4942	19391-19392	-RRB-	denotes	]
T4943	19392-19394	,	denotes	,
T4944	19394-19404	VBG	denotes	suggesting
T4945	19405-19409	IN	denotes	that
T4946	19449-19451	VBZ	denotes	is
T4947	19410-19414	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T4948	19415-19425	NN	denotes	expression
T4949	19426-19428	IN	denotes	in
T4950	19429-19433	JJ	denotes	wild
T4951	19434-19438	NN	denotes	type
T4952	19433-19434	HYPH	denotes	-
T4953	19442-19448	NNS	denotes	gonads
T4954	19439-19441	NN	denotes	XY
T4955	19452-19461	JJ	denotes	dependent
T4956	19462-19464	IN	denotes	on
T4957	19465-19468	DT	denotes	the
T4958	19469-19479	NN	denotes	expression
T4959	19480-19482	IN	denotes	of
T4960	19483-19487	NN	denotes	Sox9
T4961	19487-19488	.	denotes	.
T4962	19488-19599	sentence	denotes	These findings also indicate that expression of Sry is not sufficient to regulate Fgf9 in the absence of Sox9.
T4963	19489-19494	DT	denotes	These
T4964	19495-19503	NNS	denotes	findings
T4965	19509-19517	VBP	denotes	indicate
T4966	19504-19508	RB	denotes	also
T4967	19518-19522	IN	denotes	that
T4968	19541-19543	VBZ	denotes	is
T4969	19523-19533	NN	denotes	expression
T4970	19534-19536	IN	denotes	of
T4971	19537-19540	NN	denotes	Sry
T4972	19544-19547	RB	denotes	not
T4973	19548-19558	JJ	denotes	sufficient
T4974	19559-19561	TO	denotes	to
T4975	19562-19570	VB	denotes	regulate
T4976	19571-19575	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T4977	19576-19578	IN	denotes	in
T4978	19579-19582	DT	denotes	the
T4979	19583-19590	NN	denotes	absence
T4980	19591-19593	IN	denotes	of
T4981	19594-19598	NN	denotes	Sox9
T4982	19598-19599	.	denotes	.
T4983	19599-19792	sentence	denotes	Therefore, we conclude that Sox9 is essential for Fgf9 expression, and Fgf9, in return, maintains Sox9 expression, generating a positive feed-forward loop between these two genes in XY gonads.
T4984	19600-19609	RB	denotes	Therefore
T4985	19614-19622	VBP	denotes	conclude
T4986	19609-19611	,	denotes	,
T4987	19611-19613	PRP	denotes	we
T4988	19623-19627	IN	denotes	that
T4989	19633-19635	VBZ	denotes	is
T4990	19628-19632	NN	denotes	Sox9
T4991	19636-19645	JJ	denotes	essential
T4992	19646-19649	IN	denotes	for
T4993	19650-19654	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T4994	19655-19665	NN	denotes	expression
T4995	19665-19667	,	denotes	,
T4996	19667-19670	CC	denotes	and
T4997	19671-19675	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T4998	19688-19697	VBZ	denotes	maintains
T4999	19675-19677	,	denotes	,
T5000	19677-19679	IN	denotes	in
T5001	19680-19686	NN	denotes	return
T5002	19686-19688	,	denotes	,
T5003	19698-19702	NN	denotes	Sox9
T5004	19703-19713	NN	denotes	expression
T5005	19713-19715	,	denotes	,
T5006	19715-19725	VBG	denotes	generating
T5007	19726-19727	DT	denotes	a
T5008	19750-19754	NN	denotes	loop
T5009	19728-19736	JJ	denotes	positive
T5010	19737-19741	NN	denotes	feed
T5011	19741-19742	HYPH	denotes	-
T5012	19742-19749	RB	denotes	forward
T5013	19755-19762	IN	denotes	between
T5014	19763-19768	DT	denotes	these
T5015	19773-19778	NNS	denotes	genes
T5016	19769-19772	CD	denotes	two
T5017	19779-19781	IN	denotes	in
T5018	19782-19784	NN	denotes	XY
T5019	19785-19791	NNS	denotes	gonads
T5020	19791-19792	.	denotes	.
T5140	16-20	JJ	denotes	t as
T5141	19838-19842	VBP	denotes	Show
T5142	19799-19803	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T5143	19811-19817	NNS	denotes	Gonads
T5144	19804-19810	NN	denotes	Mutant
T5145	19817-19819	,	denotes	,
T5146	19819-19823	NN	denotes	Sox9
T5147	19831-19837	NNS	denotes	Gonads
T5148	19824-19825	SYM	denotes	Δ
T5149	19825-19826	HYPH	denotes	/
T5150	19826-19827	SYM	denotes	Δ
T5151	19828-19830	NN	denotes	XY
T5152	19843-19850	NNS	denotes	Defects
T5153	19851-19853	IN	denotes	in
T5154	19854-19858	NN	denotes	Cell
T5155	19859-19872	NN	denotes	Proliferation
T5156	19872-19972	sentence	denotes	We previously reported that XY-specific cell proliferation is defective in Fgf9 −/− XY gonads [ 7].
T5157	19873-19875	PRP	denotes	We
T5158	19887-19895	VBD	denotes	reported
T5159	19876-19886	RB	denotes	previously
T5160	19896-19900	IN	denotes	that
T5161	19932-19934	VBZ	denotes	is
T5162	19901-19903	NN	denotes	XY
T5163	19904-19912	JJ	denotes	specific
T5164	19903-19904	HYPH	denotes	-
T5165	19918-19931	NN	denotes	proliferation
T5166	19913-19917	NN	denotes	cell
T5167	19935-19944	JJ	denotes	defective
T5168	19945-19947	IN	denotes	in
T5169	19948-19952	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T5170	19955-19956	SYM	denotes	−
T5171	19953-19954	SYM	denotes	−
T5172	19954-19955	HYPH	denotes	/
T5173	19960-19966	NNS	denotes	gonads
T5174	19957-19959	NN	denotes	XY
T5175	19967-19968	-LRB-	denotes	[
T5176	19969-19970	CD	denotes	7
T5177	19970-19971	-RRB-	denotes	]
T5178	19971-19972	.	denotes	.
T5179	19972-20130	sentence	denotes	Because Sox9 acts as a positive regulator of Fgf9 expression, we questioned whether cell proliferation in XY gonads was also compromised by the loss of Sox9.
T5180	19973-19980	IN	denotes	Because
T5181	19986-19990	VBZ	denotes	acts
T5182	19981-19985	NN	denotes	Sox9
T5183	20038-20048	VBD	denotes	questioned
T5184	19991-19993	IN	denotes	as
T5185	19994-19995	DT	denotes	a
T5186	20005-20014	NN	denotes	regulator
T5187	19996-20004	JJ	denotes	positive
T5188	20015-20017	IN	denotes	of
T5189	20018-20022	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T5190	20023-20033	NN	denotes	expression
T5191	20033-20035	,	denotes	,
T5192	20035-20037	PRP	denotes	we
T5193	20049-20056	IN	denotes	whether
T5194	20098-20109	VBN	denotes	compromised
T5195	20057-20061	NN	denotes	cell
T5196	20062-20075	NN	denotes	proliferation
T5197	20076-20078	IN	denotes	in
T5198	20079-20081	NN	denotes	XY
T5199	20082-20088	NNS	denotes	gonads
T5200	20089-20092	VBD	denotes	was
T5201	20093-20097	RB	denotes	also
T5202	20110-20112	IN	denotes	by
T5203	20113-20116	DT	denotes	the
T5204	20117-20121	NN	denotes	loss
T5205	20122-20124	IN	denotes	of
T5206	20125-20129	NN	denotes	Sox9
T5207	20129-20130	.	denotes	.
T5208	20130-20243	sentence	denotes	We examined proliferation in Sox9 Δ/Δ gonads at 11.5 dpc using a mitotic cell marker, phosphorylated histone H3.
T5209	20131-20133	PRP	denotes	We
T5210	20134-20142	VBD	denotes	examined
T5211	20143-20156	NN	denotes	proliferation
T5212	20157-20159	IN	denotes	in
T5213	20160-20164	NN	denotes	Sox9
T5214	20169-20175	NNS	denotes	gonads
T5215	20165-20166	SYM	denotes	Δ
T5216	20166-20167	HYPH	denotes	/
T5217	20167-20168	SYM	denotes	Δ
T5218	20176-20178	IN	denotes	at
T5219	20179-20183	CD	denotes	11.5
T5220	20184-20187	NNS	denotes	dpc
T5221	20188-20193	VBG	denotes	using
T5222	20194-20195	DT	denotes	a
T5223	20209-20215	NN	denotes	marker
T5224	20196-20203	JJ	denotes	mitotic
T5225	20204-20208	NN	denotes	cell
T5226	20215-20217	,	denotes	,
T5227	20217-20231	VBN	denotes	phosphorylated
T5228	20240-20242	NN	denotes	H3
T5229	20232-20239	NN	denotes	histone
T5230	20242-20243	.	denotes	.
T5231	20243-20456	sentence	denotes	Proliferating cells were more abundant and concentrated in a domain near the surface of wild-type XY gonads, and this XY-specific cell proliferation was evident in XY Sox9 flox/Δ littermate controls ( Figure 3K).
T5232	20244-20257	VBG	denotes	Proliferating
T5233	20258-20263	NNS	denotes	cells
T5234	20264-20268	VBD	denotes	were
T5235	20269-20273	RBR	denotes	more
T5236	20274-20282	JJ	denotes	abundant
T5237	20283-20286	CC	denotes	and
T5238	20287-20299	JJ	denotes	concentrated
T5239	20300-20302	IN	denotes	in
T5240	20303-20304	DT	denotes	a
T5241	20305-20311	NN	denotes	domain
T5242	20312-20316	IN	denotes	near
T5243	20317-20320	DT	denotes	the
T5244	20321-20328	NN	denotes	surface
T5245	20329-20331	IN	denotes	of
T5246	20332-20336	JJ	denotes	wild
T5247	20337-20341	NN	denotes	type
T5248	20336-20337	HYPH	denotes	-
T5249	20345-20351	NNS	denotes	gonads
T5250	20342-20344	NN	denotes	XY
T5251	20351-20353	,	denotes	,
T5252	20353-20356	CC	denotes	and
T5253	20357-20361	DT	denotes	this
T5254	20379-20392	NN	denotes	proliferation
T5255	20362-20364	NN	denotes	XY
T5256	20365-20373	JJ	denotes	specific
T5257	20364-20365	HYPH	denotes	-
T5258	20374-20378	NN	denotes	cell
T5259	20393-20396	VBD	denotes	was
T5260	20397-20404	JJ	denotes	evident
T5261	20405-20407	IN	denotes	in
T5262	20408-20410	NN	denotes	XY
T5263	20434-20442	NNS	denotes	controls
T5264	20411-20420	NN	denotes	Sox9 flox
T5265	20420-20421	HYPH	denotes	/
T5266	20421-20422	SYM	denotes	Δ
T5267	20423-20433	NN	denotes	littermate
T5268	20443-20444	-LRB-	denotes	(
T5269	20452-20454	NN	denotes	3K
T5270	20445-20451	NN	denotes	Figure
T5271	20454-20455	-RRB-	denotes	)
T5272	20455-20456	.	denotes	.
T5273	20456-20556	sentence	denotes	However, in Sox9 Δ/Δ XY gonads proliferation was reduced and similar to XX gonads ( Figure 3L– 3O).
T5274	20457-20464	RB	denotes	However
T5275	20502-20505	VBD	denotes	was
T5276	20464-20466	,	denotes	,
T5277	20466-20468	IN	denotes	in
T5278	20469-20473	NN	denotes	Sox9
T5279	20481-20487	NNS	denotes	gonads
T5280	20474-20475	SYM	denotes	Δ
T5281	20475-20476	HYPH	denotes	/
T5282	20476-20477	SYM	denotes	Δ
T5283	20478-20480	NN	denotes	XY
T5284	20488-20501	NN	denotes	proliferation
T5285	20506-20513	VBN	denotes	reduced
T5286	20514-20517	CC	denotes	and
T5287	20518-20525	JJ	denotes	similar
T5288	20526-20528	IN	denotes	to
T5289	20529-20531	NN	denotes	XX
T5290	20532-20538	NNS	denotes	gonads
T5291	20539-20540	-LRB-	denotes	(
T5292	20548-20550	NN	denotes	3L
T5293	20541-20547	NN	denotes	Figure
T5294	20550-20551	SYM	denotes	–
T5295	20552-20554	NN	denotes	3O
T5296	20554-20555	-RRB-	denotes	)
T5297	20555-20556	.	denotes	.
T5298	20556-20806	sentence	denotes	This result supports the idea that there is a mutual interdependence between Sox9 and Fgf9 generating a positive feed-forward loop, and that both genes are required for the expansion of somatic cells, including Sertoli cell precursors, in XY gonads.
T5299	20557-20561	DT	denotes	This
T5300	20562-20568	NN	denotes	result
T5301	20569-20577	VBZ	denotes	supports
T5302	20578-20581	DT	denotes	the
T5303	20582-20586	NN	denotes	idea
T5304	20587-20591	IN	denotes	that
T5305	20598-20600	VBZ	denotes	is
T5306	20592-20597	EX	denotes	there
T5307	20601-20602	DT	denotes	a
T5308	20610-20625	NN	denotes	interdependence
T5309	20603-20609	JJ	denotes	mutual
T5310	20626-20633	IN	denotes	between
T5311	20634-20638	NN	denotes	Sox9
T5312	20639-20642	CC	denotes	and
T5313	20643-20647	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T5314	20648-20658	VBG	denotes	generating
T5315	20659-20660	DT	denotes	a
T5316	20683-20687	NN	denotes	loop
T5317	20661-20669	JJ	denotes	positive
T5318	20670-20674	NN	denotes	feed
T5319	20674-20675	HYPH	denotes	-
T5320	20675-20682	RB	denotes	forward
T5321	20687-20689	,	denotes	,
T5322	20689-20692	CC	denotes	and
T5323	20693-20697	IN	denotes	that
T5324	20713-20721	VBN	denotes	required
T5325	20698-20702	DT	denotes	both
T5326	20703-20708	NNS	denotes	genes
T5327	20709-20712	VBP	denotes	are
T5328	20722-20725	IN	denotes	for
T5329	20726-20729	DT	denotes	the
T5330	20730-20739	NN	denotes	expansion
T5331	20740-20742	IN	denotes	of
T5332	20743-20750	JJ	denotes	somatic
T5333	20751-20756	NNS	denotes	cells
T5334	20756-20758	,	denotes	,
T5335	20758-20767	VBG	denotes	including
T5336	20768-20775	NN	denotes	Sertoli
T5337	20776-20780	NN	denotes	cell
T5338	20781-20791	NNS	denotes	precursors
T5339	20791-20793	,	denotes	,
T5340	20793-20795	IN	denotes	in
T5341	20796-20798	NN	denotes	XY
T5342	20799-20805	NNS	denotes	gonads
T5343	20805-20806	.	denotes	.
T5680	20808-20811	DT	denotes	The
T5681	20817-20824	NN	denotes	Pathway
T5682	20812-20816	JJ	denotes	Male
T5683	20828-20835	VBN	denotes	Aborted
T5684	20825-20827	VBZ	denotes	Is
T5685	20836-20838	IN	denotes	in
T5686	20839-20843	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T5687	20856-20866	NNS	denotes	Precursors
T5688	20844-20845	SYM	denotes	−
T5689	20845-20846	HYPH	denotes	/
T5690	20846-20847	SYM	denotes	−
T5691	20848-20855	NN	denotes	Sertoli
T5692	20866-21008	sentence	denotes	Based on the fact that Sox9 is initially expressed in Fgf9 −/− gonads, we investigated whether other genes in the male pathway are activated.
T5693	20867-20872	VBN	denotes	Based
T5694	20941-20953	VBD	denotes	investigated
T5695	20873-20875	IN	denotes	on
T5696	20876-20879	DT	denotes	the
T5697	20880-20884	NN	denotes	fact
T5698	20885-20889	IN	denotes	that
T5699	20908-20917	VBN	denotes	expressed
T5700	20890-20894	NN	denotes	Sox9
T5701	20895-20897	VBZ	denotes	is
T5702	20898-20907	RB	denotes	initially
T5703	20918-20920	IN	denotes	in
T5704	20921-20925	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T5705	20930-20936	NNS	denotes	gonads
T5706	20926-20927	SYM	denotes	−
T5707	20927-20928	HYPH	denotes	/
T5708	20928-20929	SYM	denotes	−
T5709	20936-20938	,	denotes	,
T5710	20938-20940	PRP	denotes	we
T5711	20954-20961	IN	denotes	whether
T5712	20998-21007	VBN	denotes	activated
T5713	20962-20967	JJ	denotes	other
T5714	20968-20973	NNS	denotes	genes
T5715	20974-20976	IN	denotes	in
T5716	20977-20980	DT	denotes	the
T5717	20986-20993	NN	denotes	pathway
T5718	20981-20985	JJ	denotes	male
T5719	20994-20997	VBP	denotes	are
T5720	21007-21008	.	denotes	.
T5721	21008-21196	sentence	denotes	We examined two markers for Sertoli cell differentiation, anti-Mullerian hormone (Amh) [ 38] and Desert hedgehog (Dhh) [ 39] in Fgf9 −/− XY gonads using whole-mount in situ hybridization.
T5722	21009-21011	PRP	denotes	We
T5723	21012-21020	VBD	denotes	examined
T5724	21021-21024	CD	denotes	two
T5725	21025-21032	NNS	denotes	markers
T5726	21033-21036	IN	denotes	for
T5727	21037-21044	NN	denotes	Sertoli
T5728	21045-21049	NN	denotes	cell
T5729	21050-21065	NN	denotes	differentiation
T5730	21065-21067	,	denotes	,
T5731	21067-21081	JJ	denotes	anti-Mullerian
T5732	21082-21089	NN	denotes	hormone
T5733	21090-21091	-LRB-	denotes	(
T5734	21091-21094	NN	denotes	Amh
T5735	21094-21095	-RRB-	denotes	)
T5736	21096-21097	-LRB-	denotes	[
T5737	21098-21100	CD	denotes	38
T5738	21100-21101	-RRB-	denotes	]
T5739	21102-21105	CC	denotes	and
T5740	21106-21112	NN	denotes	Desert
T5741	21113-21121	NN	denotes	hedgehog
T5742	21122-21123	-LRB-	denotes	(
T5743	21123-21126	NN	denotes	Dhh
T5744	21126-21127	-RRB-	denotes	)
T5745	21128-21129	-LRB-	denotes	[
T5746	21130-21132	CD	denotes	39
T5747	21132-21133	-RRB-	denotes	]
T5748	21134-21136	IN	denotes	in
T5749	21137-21141	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T5750	21144-21145	SYM	denotes	−
T5751	21142-21143	SYM	denotes	−
T5752	21143-21144	HYPH	denotes	/
T5753	21149-21155	NNS	denotes	gonads
T5754	21146-21148	NN	denotes	XY
T5755	21156-21161	VBG	denotes	using
T5756	21162-21167	JJ	denotes	whole
T5757	21168-21173	NN	denotes	mount
T5758	21167-21168	HYPH	denotes	-
T5759	21182-21195	NN	denotes	hybridization
T5760	21174-21176	FW	denotes	in
T5761	21177-21181	FW	denotes	situ
T5762	21195-21196	.	denotes	.
T5763	21196-21391	sentence	denotes	Dhh, which is expressed in XY wild-type and heterozygous gonads beginning at 11.5 dpc, was absent from Fgf9 −/− XY gonads, although mesonephric expression was still detected ( Figure 4A and 4B).
T5764	21197-21200	NN	denotes	Dhh
T5765	21284-21287	VBD	denotes	was
T5766	21200-21202	,	denotes	,
T5767	21202-21207	WDT	denotes	which
T5768	21211-21220	VBN	denotes	expressed
T5769	21208-21210	VBZ	denotes	is
T5770	21221-21223	IN	denotes	in
T5771	21224-21226	NN	denotes	XY
T5772	21254-21260	NNS	denotes	gonads
T5773	21227-21231	JJ	denotes	wild
T5774	21232-21236	NN	denotes	type
T5775	21231-21232	HYPH	denotes	-
T5776	21237-21240	CC	denotes	and
T5777	21241-21253	JJ	denotes	heterozygous
T5778	21261-21270	VBG	denotes	beginning
T5779	21271-21273	IN	denotes	at
T5780	21274-21278	CD	denotes	11.5
T5781	21279-21282	NNS	denotes	dpc
T5782	21282-21284	,	denotes	,
T5783	21288-21294	JJ	denotes	absent
T5784	21295-21299	IN	denotes	from
T5785	21300-21304	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T5786	21312-21318	NNS	denotes	gonads
T5787	21305-21306	SYM	denotes	−
T5788	21306-21307	HYPH	denotes	/
T5789	21307-21308	SYM	denotes	−
T5790	21309-21311	NN	denotes	XY
T5791	21318-21320	,	denotes	,
T5792	21320-21328	IN	denotes	although
T5793	21362-21370	VBN	denotes	detected
T5794	21329-21340	JJ	denotes	mesonephric
T5795	21341-21351	NN	denotes	expression
T5796	21352-21355	VBD	denotes	was
T5797	21356-21361	RB	denotes	still
T5798	21371-21372	-LRB-	denotes	(
T5799	21380-21382	NN	denotes	4A
T5800	21373-21379	NN	denotes	Figure
T5801	21383-21386	CC	denotes	and
T5802	21387-21389	NN	denotes	4B
T5803	21389-21390	-RRB-	denotes	)
T5804	21390-21391	.	denotes	.
T5805	21391-21564	sentence	denotes	Amh, which is a direct transcriptional target of SOX9 activated after 11.5 dpc [ 38, 40], was detected at reduced levels in Fgf9 −/− XY gonads at 12.5 dpc ( Figure 4C– 4F).
T5806	21392-21395	NN	denotes	Amh
T5807	21486-21494	VBN	denotes	detected
T5808	21395-21397	,	denotes	,
T5809	21397-21402	WDT	denotes	which
T5810	21403-21405	VBZ	denotes	is
T5811	21406-21407	DT	denotes	a
T5812	21431-21437	NN	denotes	target
T5813	21408-21414	JJ	denotes	direct
T5814	21415-21430	JJ	denotes	transcriptional
T5815	21438-21440	IN	denotes	of
T5816	21441-21445	NN	denotes	SOX9
T5817	21446-21455	VBN	denotes	activated
T5818	21456-21461	IN	denotes	after
T5819	21462-21466	CD	denotes	11.5
T5820	21467-21470	NNS	denotes	dpc
T5821	21471-21472	-LRB-	denotes	[
T5822	21477-21479	CD	denotes	40
T5823	21473-21475	CD	denotes	38
T5824	21475-21476	,	denotes	,
T5825	21479-21480	-RRB-	denotes	]
T5826	21480-21482	,	denotes	,
T5827	21482-21485	VBD	denotes	was
T5828	21495-21497	IN	denotes	at
T5829	21498-21505	VBN	denotes	reduced
T5830	21506-21512	NNS	denotes	levels
T5831	21513-21515	IN	denotes	in
T5832	21516-21520	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T5833	21528-21534	NNS	denotes	gonads
T5834	21521-21522	SYM	denotes	−
T5835	21522-21523	HYPH	denotes	/
T5836	21523-21524	SYM	denotes	−
T5837	21525-21527	NN	denotes	XY
T5838	21535-21537	IN	denotes	at
T5839	21538-21542	CD	denotes	12.5
T5840	21543-21546	NNS	denotes	dpc
T5841	21547-21548	-LRB-	denotes	(
T5842	21556-21558	NN	denotes	4C
T5843	21549-21555	NN	denotes	Figure
T5844	21558-21559	SYM	denotes	–
T5845	21560-21562	NN	denotes	4F
T5846	21562-21563	-RRB-	denotes	)
T5847	21563-21564	.	denotes	.
T5848	21564-21729	sentence	denotes	The residual level of Amh suggested that the transient expression of SOX9 in Fgf9 −/− gonads at 11.5 dpc was sufficient to activate Amh, a direct downstream target.
T5849	21565-21568	DT	denotes	The
T5850	21578-21583	NN	denotes	level
T5851	21569-21577	JJ	denotes	residual
T5852	21591-21600	VBD	denotes	suggested
T5853	21584-21586	IN	denotes	of
T5854	21587-21590	NN	denotes	Amh
T5855	21601-21605	IN	denotes	that
T5856	21670-21673	VBD	denotes	was
T5857	21606-21609	DT	denotes	the
T5858	21620-21630	NN	denotes	expression
T5859	21610-21619	JJ	denotes	transient
T5860	21631-21633	IN	denotes	of
T5861	21634-21638	NN	denotes	SOX9
T5862	21639-21641	IN	denotes	in
T5863	21642-21646	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T5864	21651-21657	NNS	denotes	gonads
T5865	21647-21648	SYM	denotes	−
T5866	21648-21649	HYPH	denotes	/
T5867	21649-21650	SYM	denotes	−
T5868	21658-21660	IN	denotes	at
T5869	21661-21665	CD	denotes	11.5
T5870	21666-21669	NNS	denotes	dpc
T5871	21674-21684	JJ	denotes	sufficient
T5872	21685-21687	TO	denotes	to
T5873	21688-21696	VB	denotes	activate
T5874	21697-21700	NN	denotes	Amh
T5875	21700-21702	,	denotes	,
T5876	21702-21703	DT	denotes	a
T5877	21722-21728	NN	denotes	target
T5878	21704-21710	JJ	denotes	direct
T5879	21711-21721	JJ	denotes	downstream
T5880	21728-21729	.	denotes	.
T5881	21729-21812	sentence	denotes	However, the absence of Dhh indicated that not all Sertoli pathways are initiated.
T5882	21730-21737	RB	denotes	However
T5883	21758-21767	VBD	denotes	indicated
T5884	21737-21739	,	denotes	,
T5885	21739-21742	DT	denotes	the
T5886	21743-21750	NN	denotes	absence
T5887	21751-21753	IN	denotes	of
T5888	21754-21757	NN	denotes	Dhh
T5889	21768-21772	IN	denotes	that
T5890	21802-21811	VBN	denotes	initiated
T5891	21773-21776	RB	denotes	not
T5892	21789-21797	NNS	denotes	pathways
T5893	21777-21780	DT	denotes	all
T5894	21781-21788	NN	denotes	Sertoli
T5895	21798-21801	VBP	denotes	are
T5896	21811-21812	.	denotes	.
T5897	21812-23009	sentence	denotes	Figure 4 Sertoli Cell Precursors Switch from Expression of Male to Female Pathway Genes (A–F) Whole-mount in situ hybridization for genes in the male pathway downstream of Sox9, Dhh, and Amh. Dhh expression is disrupted in XY Fgf9 −/− gonads (g) at 11.5 dpc (A and B). Amh expression is severely reduced in XY Fgf9 −/− gonads at 12.5 dpc (E and F). (G and H) Analysis of cell death in Fgf9 −/− XY gonads using an apoptotic marker, active caspase-3 (red). No increased apoptosis is observed in XY Fgf9 −/− gonads (g) compared with control XY gonads, although apoptotic cells are increased around mesonephric tubules (m) of the mutant gonads (arrow in H). Semitransparent dotted line indicates boundary between mesonephros and gonad. (PECAM, green). (I–K) Whole-mount in situ hybridization for Wnt4, an ovary marker. Wnt4 is expressed in Fgf9 −/− XY gonads at 12.5 dpc (K) similar to the level in XX Fgf9 +/− controls (I) but not in XY controls (J). The scale bars represent 50 μm. g, gonad; m, mesonephros. The initial specification of Sertoli cell precursors was not affected by the loss of Fgf9, as evidenced by normal Sry and Sox9 expression in Fgf9 −/− gonads at 11.5 dpc ( Figures 2 and 3D).
T5898	22820-22823	DT	denotes	The
T5899	22832-22845	NN	denotes	specification
T5900	22824-22831	JJ	denotes	initial
T5901	22881-22889	VBN	denotes	affected
T5902	22846-22848	IN	denotes	of
T5903	22849-22856	NN	denotes	Sertoli
T5904	22857-22861	NN	denotes	cell
T5905	22862-22872	NNS	denotes	precursors
T5906	22873-22876	VBD	denotes	was
T5907	22877-22880	RB	denotes	not
T5908	22890-22892	IN	denotes	by
T5909	22893-22896	DT	denotes	the
T5910	22897-22901	NN	denotes	loss
T5911	22902-22904	IN	denotes	of
T5912	22905-22909	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T5913	22909-22911	,	denotes	,
T5914	22911-22913	IN	denotes	as
T5915	22914-22923	VBN	denotes	evidenced
T5916	22924-22926	IN	denotes	by
T5917	22927-22933	JJ	denotes	normal
T5918	22947-22957	NN	denotes	expression
T5919	22934-22937	NN	denotes	Sry
T5920	22938-22941	CC	denotes	and
T5921	22942-22946	NN	denotes	Sox9
T5922	22958-22960	IN	denotes	in
T5923	22961-22965	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T5924	22970-22976	NNS	denotes	gonads
T5925	22966-22967	SYM	denotes	−
T5926	22967-22968	HYPH	denotes	/
T5927	22968-22969	SYM	denotes	−
T5928	22977-22979	IN	denotes	at
T5929	22980-22984	CD	denotes	11.5
T5930	22985-22988	NNS	denotes	dpc
T5931	22989-22990	-LRB-	denotes	(
T5932	23005-23007	NN	denotes	3D
T5933	22991-22998	NNS	denotes	Figures
T5934	22999-23000	CD	denotes	2
T5935	23001-23004	CC	denotes	and
T5936	23007-23008	-RRB-	denotes	)
T5937	23008-23009	.	denotes	.
T5938	23009-23173	sentence	denotes	However, SOX9 expression in XY Fgf9 −/− gonads rapidly disappeared ( Figure 3E and 3F), and other Sertoli markers were absent or severely reduced ( Figure 4A– 4F).
T5939	23010-23017	RB	denotes	However
T5940	23065-23076	VBD	denotes	disappeared
T5941	23017-23019	,	denotes	,
T5942	23019-23023	NN	denotes	SOX9
T5943	23024-23034	NN	denotes	expression
T5944	23035-23037	IN	denotes	in
T5945	23038-23040	NN	denotes	XY
T5946	23050-23056	NNS	denotes	gonads
T5947	23041-23045	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T5948	23046-23047	SYM	denotes	−
T5949	23047-23048	HYPH	denotes	/
T5950	23048-23049	SYM	denotes	−
T5951	23057-23064	RB	denotes	rapidly
T5952	23077-23078	-LRB-	denotes	(
T5953	23086-23088	NN	denotes	3E
T5954	23079-23085	NN	denotes	Figure
T5955	23089-23092	CC	denotes	and
T5956	23093-23095	NN	denotes	3F
T5957	23095-23096	-RRB-	denotes	)
T5958	23096-23098	,	denotes	,
T5959	23098-23101	CC	denotes	and
T5960	23102-23107	JJ	denotes	other
T5961	23116-23123	NNS	denotes	markers
T5962	23108-23115	NN	denotes	Sertoli
T5963	23124-23128	VBD	denotes	were
T5964	23129-23135	JJ	denotes	absent
T5965	23136-23138	CC	denotes	or
T5966	23139-23147	RB	denotes	severely
T5967	23148-23155	VBN	denotes	reduced
T5968	23156-23157	-LRB-	denotes	(
T5969	23165-23167	NN	denotes	4A
T5970	23158-23164	NN	denotes	Figure
T5971	23167-23168	SYM	denotes	–
T5972	23169-23171	NN	denotes	4F
T5973	23171-23172	-RRB-	denotes	)
T5974	23172-23173	.	denotes	.
T5975	23173-23421	sentence	denotes	To investigate the possibility that this loss was due to cell death, we immunostained XY Fgf9 −/− gonads at 12.0 dpc—a time point at which SOX9-expressing cells were declining in numbers ( Figure 3E)—for active caspase-3, an apoptotic cell marker.
T5976	23174-23176	TO	denotes	To
T5977	23177-23188	VB	denotes	investigate
T5978	23246-23259	VBD	denotes	immunostained
T5979	23189-23192	DT	denotes	the
T5980	23193-23204	NN	denotes	possibility
T5981	23205-23209	IN	denotes	that
T5982	23220-23223	VBD	denotes	was
T5983	23210-23214	DT	denotes	this
T5984	23215-23219	NN	denotes	loss
T5985	23224-23227	IN	denotes	due
T5986	23228-23230	IN	denotes	to
T5987	23231-23235	NN	denotes	cell
T5988	23236-23241	NN	denotes	death
T5989	23241-23243	,	denotes	,
T5990	23243-23245	PRP	denotes	we
T5991	23260-23262	NN	denotes	XY
T5992	23272-23278	NNS	denotes	gonads
T5993	23263-23267	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T5994	23268-23269	SYM	denotes	−
T5995	23269-23270	HYPH	denotes	/
T5996	23270-23271	SYM	denotes	−
T5997	23279-23281	IN	denotes	at
T5998	23282-23286	CD	denotes	12.0
T5999	23287-23290	NNS	denotes	dpc
T6000	23290-23291	HYPH	denotes	—
T6001	23291-23292	DT	denotes	a
T6002	23298-23303	NN	denotes	point
T6003	23293-23297	NN	denotes	time
T6004	23304-23306	IN	denotes	at
T6005	23340-23349	VBG	denotes	declining
T6006	23307-23312	WDT	denotes	which
T6007	23313-23317	NN	denotes	SOX9
T6008	23329-23334	NNS	denotes	cells
T6009	23317-23318	HYPH	denotes	-
T6010	23318-23328	VBG	denotes	expressing
T6011	23335-23339	VBD	denotes	were
T6012	23350-23352	IN	denotes	in
T6013	23353-23360	NNS	denotes	numbers
T6014	23361-23362	-LRB-	denotes	(
T6015	23370-23372	NN	denotes	3E
T6016	23363-23369	NN	denotes	Figure
T6017	23372-23373	-RRB-	denotes	)
T6018	23373-23374	HYPH	denotes	—
T6019	23374-23377	IN	denotes	for
T6020	23378-23384	JJ	denotes	active
T6021	23385-23392	NN	denotes	caspase
T6022	23392-23393	HYPH	denotes	-
T6023	23393-23394	CD	denotes	3
T6024	23394-23396	,	denotes	,
T6025	23396-23398	DT	denotes	an
T6026	23414-23420	NN	denotes	marker
T6027	23399-23408	JJ	denotes	apoptotic
T6028	23409-23413	NN	denotes	cell
T6029	23420-23421	.	denotes	.
T6030	23421-23663	sentence	denotes	Apoptotic cells were not observed in Fgf9 −/− gonads or in littermate controls at 12.0 dpc, although Fgf9 −/− samples showed somewhat increased cell death in mesonephric tubules and ducts, another site of Fgf9 expression ( Figure 4G and 4H).
T6031	23422-23431	JJ	denotes	Apoptotic
T6032	23432-23437	NNS	denotes	cells
T6033	23447-23455	VBN	denotes	observed
T6034	23438-23442	VBD	denotes	were
T6035	23443-23446	RB	denotes	not
T6036	23456-23458	IN	denotes	in
T6037	23459-23463	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T6038	23466-23467	SYM	denotes	−
T6039	23464-23465	SYM	denotes	−
T6040	23465-23466	HYPH	denotes	/
T6041	23468-23474	NNS	denotes	gonads
T6042	23475-23477	CC	denotes	or
T6043	23478-23480	IN	denotes	in
T6044	23481-23491	NN	denotes	littermate
T6045	23492-23500	NNS	denotes	controls
T6046	23501-23503	IN	denotes	at
T6047	23504-23508	CD	denotes	12.0
T6048	23509-23512	NNS	denotes	dpc
T6049	23512-23514	,	denotes	,
T6050	23514-23522	IN	denotes	although
T6051	23540-23546	VBD	denotes	showed
T6052	23523-23527	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T6053	23530-23531	SYM	denotes	−
T6054	23528-23529	SYM	denotes	−
T6055	23529-23530	HYPH	denotes	/
T6056	23532-23539	NNS	denotes	samples
T6057	23547-23555	RB	denotes	somewhat
T6058	23556-23565	VBN	denotes	increased
T6059	23571-23576	NN	denotes	death
T6060	23566-23570	NN	denotes	cell
T6061	23577-23579	IN	denotes	in
T6062	23580-23591	JJ	denotes	mesonephric
T6063	23592-23599	NNS	denotes	tubules
T6064	23600-23603	CC	denotes	and
T6065	23604-23609	NNS	denotes	ducts
T6066	23609-23611	,	denotes	,
T6067	23611-23618	DT	denotes	another
T6068	23619-23623	NN	denotes	site
T6069	23624-23626	IN	denotes	of
T6070	23627-23631	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T6071	23632-23642	NN	denotes	expression
T6072	23643-23644	-LRB-	denotes	(
T6073	23652-23654	NN	denotes	4G
T6074	23645-23651	NN	denotes	Figure
T6075	23655-23658	CC	denotes	and
T6076	23659-23661	NN	denotes	4H
T6077	23661-23662	-RRB-	denotes	)
T6078	23662-23663	.	denotes	.
T6079	23663-23828	sentence	denotes	These data suggested that the loss of SOX9 expression in Fgf9 −/− XY gonads was not caused by cell death but by the disruption of FGF9/SOX9 feed-forward regulation.
T6080	23664-23669	DT	denotes	These
T6081	23670-23674	NNS	denotes	data
T6082	23675-23684	VBD	denotes	suggested
T6083	23685-23689	IN	denotes	that
T6084	23748-23754	VBN	denotes	caused
T6085	23690-23693	DT	denotes	the
T6086	23694-23698	NN	denotes	loss
T6087	23699-23701	IN	denotes	of
T6088	23702-23706	NN	denotes	SOX9
T6089	23707-23717	NN	denotes	expression
T6090	23718-23720	IN	denotes	in
T6091	23721-23725	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T6092	23728-23729	SYM	denotes	−
T6093	23726-23727	SYM	denotes	−
T6094	23727-23728	HYPH	denotes	/
T6095	23733-23739	NNS	denotes	gonads
T6096	23730-23732	NN	denotes	XY
T6097	23740-23743	VBD	denotes	was
T6098	23744-23747	RB	denotes	not
T6099	23755-23757	IN	denotes	by
T6100	23758-23762	NN	denotes	cell
T6101	23763-23768	NN	denotes	death
T6102	23769-23772	CC	denotes	but
T6103	23773-23775	IN	denotes	by
T6104	23776-23779	DT	denotes	the
T6105	23780-23790	NN	denotes	disruption
T6106	23791-23793	IN	denotes	of
T6107	23794-23798	NN	denotes	FGF9
T6108	23799-23803	NN	denotes	SOX9
T6109	23798-23799	HYPH	denotes	/
T6110	23817-23827	NN	denotes	regulation
T6111	23804-23808	NN	denotes	feed
T6112	23808-23809	HYPH	denotes	-
T6113	23809-23816	RB	denotes	forward
T6114	23827-23828	.	denotes	.
T6115	23828-24066	sentence	denotes	To determine whether the aborting of the male pathway in Fgf9 −/− Sertoli precursors was associated with the transition of supporting cells from male to female differentiation, we investigated expression of Wnt4, an ovary-promoting gene.
T6116	23829-23831	TO	denotes	To
T6117	23832-23841	VB	denotes	determine
T6118	24009-24021	VBD	denotes	investigated
T6119	23842-23849	IN	denotes	whether
T6120	23918-23928	VBN	denotes	associated
T6121	23850-23853	DT	denotes	the
T6122	23854-23862	NN	denotes	aborting
T6123	23863-23865	IN	denotes	of
T6124	23866-23869	DT	denotes	the
T6125	23875-23882	NN	denotes	pathway
T6126	23870-23874	JJ	denotes	male
T6127	23883-23885	IN	denotes	in
T6128	23886-23890	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T6129	23893-23894	SYM	denotes	−
T6130	23891-23892	SYM	denotes	−
T6131	23892-23893	HYPH	denotes	/
T6132	23903-23913	NNS	denotes	precursors
T6133	23895-23902	NN	denotes	Sertoli
T6134	23914-23917	VBD	denotes	was
T6135	23929-23933	IN	denotes	with
T6136	23934-23937	DT	denotes	the
T6137	23938-23948	NN	denotes	transition
T6138	23949-23951	IN	denotes	of
T6139	23952-23962	VBG	denotes	supporting
T6140	23963-23968	NNS	denotes	cells
T6141	23969-23973	IN	denotes	from
T6142	23974-23978	JJ	denotes	male
T6143	23989-24004	NN	denotes	differentiation
T6144	23979-23981	IN	denotes	to
T6145	23982-23988	JJ	denotes	female
T6146	24004-24006	,	denotes	,
T6147	24006-24008	PRP	denotes	we
T6148	24022-24032	NN	denotes	expression
T6149	24033-24035	IN	denotes	of
T6150	24036-24040	NN	denotes	Wnt4
T6151	24040-24042	,	denotes	,
T6152	24042-24044	DT	denotes	an
T6153	24061-24065	NN	denotes	gene
T6154	24045-24050	NN	denotes	ovary
T6155	24051-24060	VBG	denotes	promoting
T6156	24050-24051	HYPH	denotes	-
T6157	24065-24066	.	denotes	.
T6158	24066-24171	sentence	denotes	At 12.5 dpc Wnt4 was up-regulated in XY Fgf9 −/− but not in XY Fgf9 +/− gonad controls ( Figure 4I– 4K).
T6159	24067-24069	IN	denotes	At
T6160	24091-24100	VBN	denotes	regulated
T6161	24070-24074	CD	denotes	12.5
T6162	24075-24078	NNS	denotes	dpc
T6163	24079-24083	NN	denotes	Wnt4
T6164	24084-24087	VBD	denotes	was
T6165	24088-24090	RB	denotes	up
T6166	24090-24091	HYPH	denotes	-
T6167	24101-24103	IN	denotes	in
T6168	24104-24106	NN	denotes	XY
T6169	24107-24111	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T6170	24112-24113	SYM	denotes	−
T6171	24113-24114	HYPH	denotes	/
T6172	24114-24115	SYM	denotes	−
T6173	24116-24119	CC	denotes	but
T6174	24120-24123	RB	denotes	not
T6175	24124-24126	IN	denotes	in
T6176	24127-24129	NN	denotes	XY
T6177	24145-24153	NNS	denotes	controls
T6178	24130-24134	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T6179	24135-24136	SYM	denotes	+
T6180	24136-24137	HYPH	denotes	/
T6181	24137-24138	SYM	denotes	−
T6182	24139-24144	NN	denotes	gonad
T6183	24154-24155	-LRB-	denotes	(
T6184	24163-24165	NN	denotes	4I
T6185	24156-24162	NN	denotes	Figure
T6186	24165-24166	SYM	denotes	–
T6187	24167-24169	NN	denotes	4K
T6188	24169-24170	-RRB-	denotes	)
T6189	24170-24171	.	denotes	.
T6190	24171-24305	sentence	denotes	This result suggests that Fgf9 is necessary for the down-regulation of Wnt4 in differentiating XY gonads at/after bipotential stages.
T6191	24172-24176	DT	denotes	This
T6192	24177-24183	NN	denotes	result
T6193	24184-24192	VBZ	denotes	suggests
T6194	24193-24197	IN	denotes	that
T6195	24203-24205	VBZ	denotes	is
T6196	24198-24202	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T6197	24206-24215	JJ	denotes	necessary
T6198	24216-24219	IN	denotes	for
T6199	24220-24223	DT	denotes	the
T6200	24229-24239	NN	denotes	regulation
T6201	24224-24228	JJ	denotes	down
T6202	24228-24229	HYPH	denotes	-
T6203	24240-24242	IN	denotes	of
T6204	24243-24247	NN	denotes	Wnt4
T6205	24248-24250	IN	denotes	in
T6206	24251-24266	VBG	denotes	differentiating
T6207	24267-24269	NN	denotes	XY
T6208	24270-24276	NNS	denotes	gonads
T6209	24277-24279	IN	denotes	at
T6210	24279-24280	HYPH	denotes	/
T6211	24280-24285	IN	denotes	after
T6212	24286-24297	JJ	denotes	bipotential
T6213	24298-24304	NNS	denotes	stages
T6214	24304-24305	.	denotes	.
T6521	16-20	NN	denotes	t as
T6522	24321-24331	VBP	denotes	Antagonize
T6523	21-24	CC	denotes	Ant
T6524	24316-24320	NN	denotes	Wnt4
T6525	24332-24336	DT	denotes	Each
T6526	24337-24342	JJ	denotes	Other
T6527	24342-24604	sentence	denotes	Our finding that high levels of Wnt4 persist in Fgf9 −/− XY gonads implies a genetic antagonism specifically between Fgf9 and Wnt4, as both SRY and SOX9 are initially expressed in Fgf9 −/− XY gonads at 11.5 dpc, yet this is not sufficient to down-regulate Wnt4.
T6528	24343-24346	PRP$	denotes	Our
T6529	24347-24354	NN	denotes	finding
T6530	24410-24417	VBZ	denotes	implies
T6531	24355-24359	IN	denotes	that
T6532	24380-24387	VBP	denotes	persist
T6533	24360-24364	JJ	denotes	high
T6534	24365-24371	NNS	denotes	levels
T6535	24372-24374	IN	denotes	of
T6536	24375-24379	NN	denotes	Wnt4
T6537	24388-24390	IN	denotes	in
T6538	24391-24395	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T6539	24398-24399	SYM	denotes	−
T6540	24396-24397	SYM	denotes	−
T6541	24397-24398	HYPH	denotes	/
T6542	24403-24409	NNS	denotes	gonads
T6543	24400-24402	NN	denotes	XY
T6544	24418-24419	DT	denotes	a
T6545	24428-24438	NN	denotes	antagonism
T6546	24420-24427	JJ	denotes	genetic
T6547	24439-24451	RB	denotes	specifically
T6548	24452-24459	IN	denotes	between
T6549	24460-24464	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T6550	24465-24468	CC	denotes	and
T6551	24469-24473	NN	denotes	Wnt4
T6552	24473-24475	,	denotes	,
T6553	24475-24477	IN	denotes	as
T6554	24510-24519	VBN	denotes	expressed
T6555	24478-24482	CC	denotes	both
T6556	24483-24486	NN	denotes	SRY
T6557	24487-24490	CC	denotes	and
T6558	24491-24495	NN	denotes	SOX9
T6559	24496-24499	VBP	denotes	are
T6560	24500-24509	RB	denotes	initially
T6561	24520-24522	IN	denotes	in
T6562	24523-24527	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T6563	24535-24541	NNS	denotes	gonads
T6564	24528-24529	SYM	denotes	−
T6565	24529-24530	HYPH	denotes	/
T6566	24530-24531	SYM	denotes	−
T6567	24532-24534	NN	denotes	XY
T6568	24542-24544	IN	denotes	at
T6569	24545-24549	CD	denotes	11.5
T6570	24550-24553	NNS	denotes	dpc
T6571	24553-24555	,	denotes	,
T6572	24555-24558	CC	denotes	yet
T6573	24559-24563	DT	denotes	this
T6574	24564-24566	VBZ	denotes	is
T6575	24567-24570	RB	denotes	not
T6576	24571-24581	JJ	denotes	sufficient
T6577	24582-24584	TO	denotes	to
T6578	24590-24598	VB	denotes	regulate
T6579	24585-24589	RB	denotes	down
T6580	24589-24590	HYPH	denotes	-
T6581	24599-24603	NN	denotes	Wnt4
T6582	24603-24604	.	denotes	.
T6583	24604-24817	sentence	denotes	To test whether exogenous FGF9 could down-regulate expression of Wnt4, we cultured the XX gonad/mesonephros complex with or without FGF9 protein, and examined Wnt4 expression by whole-mount in situ hybridization.
T6584	24605-24607	TO	denotes	To
T6585	24608-24612	VB	denotes	test
T6586	24679-24687	VBD	denotes	cultured
T6587	24613-24620	IN	denotes	whether
T6588	24647-24655	VB	denotes	regulate
T6589	24621-24630	JJ	denotes	exogenous
T6590	24631-24635	NN	denotes	FGF9
T6591	24636-24641	MD	denotes	could
T6592	24642-24646	RB	denotes	down
T6593	24646-24647	HYPH	denotes	-
T6594	24656-24666	NN	denotes	expression
T6595	24667-24669	IN	denotes	of
T6596	24670-24674	NN	denotes	Wnt4
T6597	24674-24676	,	denotes	,
T6598	24676-24678	PRP	denotes	we
T6599	24688-24691	DT	denotes	the
T6600	24713-24720	NN	denotes	complex
T6601	24692-24694	NN	denotes	XX
T6602	24695-24700	NN	denotes	gonad
T6603	24701-24712	NN	denotes	mesonephros
T6604	24700-24701	HYPH	denotes	/
T6605	24721-24725	IN	denotes	with
T6606	24726-24728	CC	denotes	or
T6607	24729-24736	IN	denotes	without
T6608	24737-24741	NN	denotes	FGF9
T6609	24742-24749	NN	denotes	protein
T6610	24749-24751	,	denotes	,
T6611	24751-24754	CC	denotes	and
T6612	24755-24763	VBD	denotes	examined
T6613	24764-24768	NN	denotes	Wnt4
T6614	24769-24779	NN	denotes	expression
T6615	24780-24782	IN	denotes	by
T6616	24783-24788	JJ	denotes	whole
T6617	24789-24794	NN	denotes	mount
T6618	24788-24789	HYPH	denotes	-
T6619	24803-24816	NN	denotes	hybridization
T6620	24795-24797	FW	denotes	in
T6621	24798-24802	FW	denotes	situ
T6622	24816-24817	.	denotes	.
T6623	24817-25037	sentence	denotes	Treatment of XX gonads with exogenous FGF9 suppressed the normal expression of Wnt4 ( Figure 5A– 5C), supporting the hypothesis that Fgf9, rather than Sry or Sox9, functions to down-regulate Wnt4 in wild-type XY gonads.
T6624	24818-24827	NN	denotes	Treatment
T6625	24861-24871	VBD	denotes	suppressed
T6626	24828-24830	IN	denotes	of
T6627	24831-24833	NN	denotes	XX
T6628	24834-24840	NNS	denotes	gonads
T6629	24841-24845	IN	denotes	with
T6630	24846-24855	JJ	denotes	exogenous
T6631	24856-24860	NN	denotes	FGF9
T6632	24872-24875	DT	denotes	the
T6633	24883-24893	NN	denotes	expression
T6634	24876-24882	JJ	denotes	normal
T6635	24894-24896	IN	denotes	of
T6636	24897-24901	NN	denotes	Wnt4
T6637	24902-24903	-LRB-	denotes	(
T6638	24911-24913	NN	denotes	5A
T6639	24904-24910	NN	denotes	Figure
T6640	24913-24914	SYM	denotes	–
T6641	24915-24917	NN	denotes	5C
T6642	24917-24918	-RRB-	denotes	)
T6643	24918-24920	,	denotes	,
T6644	24920-24930	VBG	denotes	supporting
T6645	24931-24934	DT	denotes	the
T6646	24935-24945	NN	denotes	hypothesis
T6647	24946-24950	IN	denotes	that
T6648	24982-24991	VBZ	denotes	functions
T6649	24951-24955	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T6650	24955-24957	,	denotes	,
T6651	24957-24963	RB	denotes	rather
T6652	24964-24968	IN	denotes	than
T6653	24969-24972	NN	denotes	Sry
T6654	24973-24975	CC	denotes	or
T6655	24976-24980	NN	denotes	Sox9
T6656	24980-24982	,	denotes	,
T6657	24992-24994	TO	denotes	to
T6658	25000-25008	VB	denotes	regulate
T6659	24995-24999	RB	denotes	down
T6660	24999-25000	HYPH	denotes	-
T6661	25009-25013	NN	denotes	Wnt4
T6662	25014-25016	IN	denotes	in
T6663	25017-25021	JJ	denotes	wild
T6664	25022-25026	NN	denotes	type
T6665	25021-25022	HYPH	denotes	-
T6666	25030-25036	NNS	denotes	gonads
T6667	25027-25029	NN	denotes	XY
T6668	25036-25037	.	denotes	.
T6669	25037-25796	sentence	denotes	Figure 5 Mutual Antagonism between Fgf9 and Wnt4 (A–C) Wnt4 whole-mount in situ hybridization on gonad cultures. Adding exogenous FGF9 in gonad cultures results in the down-regulation of Wnt4 expression in cultured XX gonads (C). Controls (A and B) were cultured without FGF9 peptide. (D–G) Reduction in the dose of Wnt4 allows FGF9 to induce SOX9 in XX gonads. Immunostaining of SOX9 (red) shows that addition of FGF9 up-regulates SOX9 expression in heterozygous Wnt4 +/− XX gonads (G), but not in Wnt4 +/+ XX gonads (F). PECAM, green. The scale bars represent 50 μm. We reasoned that if FGF9 and WNT4 do act as opposing signals, then reduction in the dose of Wnt4 might render the XX gonad more susceptible to the male-promoting effects of exogenous FGF9.
T6670	25608-25610	PRP	denotes	We
T6671	25611-25619	VBD	denotes	reasoned
T6672	25620-25624	IN	denotes	that
T6673	25711-25717	VB	denotes	render
T6674	25625-25627	IN	denotes	if
T6675	25645-25648	VB	denotes	act
T6676	25628-25632	NN	denotes	FGF9
T6677	25633-25636	CC	denotes	and
T6678	25637-25641	NN	denotes	WNT4
T6679	25642-25644	VBP	denotes	do
T6680	25649-25651	IN	denotes	as
T6681	25652-25660	VBG	denotes	opposing
T6682	25661-25668	NNS	denotes	signals
T6683	25668-25670	,	denotes	,
T6684	25670-25674	RB	denotes	then
T6685	25675-25684	NN	denotes	reduction
T6686	25685-25687	IN	denotes	in
T6687	25688-25691	DT	denotes	the
T6688	25692-25696	NN	denotes	dose
T6689	25697-25699	IN	denotes	of
T6690	25700-25704	NN	denotes	Wnt4
T6691	25705-25710	MD	denotes	might
T6692	25718-25721	DT	denotes	the
T6693	25725-25730	NN	denotes	gonad
T6694	25722-25724	NN	denotes	XX
T6695	25731-25735	RBR	denotes	more
T6696	25736-25747	JJ	denotes	susceptible
T6697	25748-25750	IN	denotes	to
T6698	25751-25754	DT	denotes	the
T6699	25770-25777	NNS	denotes	effects
T6700	25755-25759	JJ	denotes	male
T6701	25760-25769	VBG	denotes	promoting
T6702	25759-25760	HYPH	denotes	-
T6703	25778-25780	IN	denotes	of
T6704	25781-25790	JJ	denotes	exogenous
T6705	25791-25795	NN	denotes	FGF9
T6706	25795-25796	.	denotes	.
T6707	25796-25956	sentence	denotes	To test this possibility, XX Wnt4 +/− and Wnt4 +/+ gonads were cultured in medium with or without FGF9, and were examined for SOX9 expression ( Figure 5D– 5G).
T6708	25797-25799	TO	denotes	To
T6709	25800-25804	VB	denotes	test
T6710	25860-25868	VBN	denotes	cultured
T6711	25805-25809	DT	denotes	this
T6712	25810-25821	NN	denotes	possibility
T6713	25821-25823	,	denotes	,
T6714	25823-25825	NN	denotes	XX
T6715	25848-25854	NNS	denotes	gonads
T6716	25826-25830	NN	denotes	Wnt4
T6717	25831-25832	SYM	denotes	+
T6718	25832-25833	HYPH	denotes	/
T6719	25833-25834	SYM	denotes	−
T6720	25835-25838	CC	denotes	and
T6721	25839-25843	NN	denotes	Wnt4
T6722	25844-25845	SYM	denotes	+
T6723	25845-25846	HYPH	denotes	/
T6724	25846-25847	SYM	denotes	+
T6725	25855-25859	VBD	denotes	were
T6726	25869-25871	IN	denotes	in
T6727	25872-25878	NN	denotes	medium
T6728	25879-25883	IN	denotes	with
T6729	25884-25886	CC	denotes	or
T6730	25887-25894	IN	denotes	without
T6731	25895-25899	NN	denotes	FGF9
T6732	25899-25901	,	denotes	,
T6733	25901-25904	CC	denotes	and
T6734	25905-25909	VBD	denotes	were
T6735	25910-25918	VBN	denotes	examined
T6736	25919-25922	IN	denotes	for
T6737	25923-25927	NN	denotes	SOX9
T6738	25928-25938	NN	denotes	expression
T6739	25939-25940	-LRB-	denotes	(
T6740	25948-25950	NN	denotes	5D
T6741	25941-25947	NN	denotes	Figure
T6742	25950-25951	SYM	denotes	–
T6743	25952-25954	NN	denotes	5G
T6744	25954-25955	-RRB-	denotes	)
T6745	25955-25956	.	denotes	.
T6746	25956-26076	sentence	denotes	We found that FGF9 induced SOX9 up-regulation in XX Wnt4 +/− gonads, but not in Wnt4 +/+ XX gonads ( Figure 5F and 5G).
T6747	25957-25959	PRP	denotes	We
T6748	25960-25965	VBD	denotes	found
T6749	25966-25970	IN	denotes	that
T6750	25976-25983	VBD	denotes	induced
T6751	25971-25975	NN	denotes	FGF9
T6752	25984-25988	NN	denotes	SOX9
T6753	25992-26002	NN	denotes	regulation
T6754	25989-25991	JJ	denotes	up
T6755	25991-25992	HYPH	denotes	-
T6756	26003-26005	IN	denotes	in
T6757	26006-26008	NN	denotes	XX
T6758	26018-26024	NNS	denotes	gonads
T6759	26009-26013	NN	denotes	Wnt4
T6760	26014-26015	SYM	denotes	+
T6761	26015-26016	HYPH	denotes	/
T6762	26016-26017	SYM	denotes	−
T6763	26024-26026	,	denotes	,
T6764	26026-26029	CC	denotes	but
T6765	26030-26033	RB	denotes	not
T6766	26034-26036	IN	denotes	in
T6767	26037-26041	NN	denotes	Wnt4
T6768	26049-26055	NNS	denotes	gonads
T6769	26042-26043	SYM	denotes	+
T6770	26043-26044	HYPH	denotes	/
T6771	26044-26045	SYM	denotes	+
T6772	26046-26048	NN	denotes	XX
T6773	26056-26057	-LRB-	denotes	(
T6774	26065-26067	NN	denotes	5F
T6775	26058-26064	NN	denotes	Figure
T6776	26068-26071	CC	denotes	and
T6777	26072-26074	NN	denotes	5G
T6778	26074-26075	-RRB-	denotes	)
T6779	26075-26076	.	denotes	.
T6780	26076-26179	sentence	denotes	These results demonstrate antagonism between WNT4 and FGF9 under in vitro gain-of-function conditions.
T6781	26077-26082	DT	denotes	These
T6782	26083-26090	NNS	denotes	results
T6783	26091-26102	VBP	denotes	demonstrate
T6784	26103-26113	NN	denotes	antagonism
T6785	26114-26121	IN	denotes	between
T6786	26122-26126	NN	denotes	WNT4
T6787	26127-26130	CC	denotes	and
T6788	26131-26135	NN	denotes	FGF9
T6789	26136-26141	IN	denotes	under
T6790	26142-26144	FW	denotes	in
T6791	26145-26150	FW	denotes	vitro
T6792	26168-26178	NNS	denotes	conditions
T6793	26151-26155	NN	denotes	gain
T6794	26155-26156	HYPH	denotes	-
T6795	26156-26158	IN	denotes	of
T6796	26158-26159	HYPH	denotes	-
T6797	26159-26167	NN	denotes	function
T6798	26178-26179	.	denotes	.
T6799	26179-26348	sentence	denotes	To test antagonism between these factors under loss-of-function conditions in vivo, we investigated whether Fgf9 is derepressed in the absence of Wnt4 ( Figure 6A– 6C).
T6800	26180-26182	TO	denotes	To
T6801	26183-26187	VB	denotes	test
T6802	26267-26279	VBD	denotes	investigated
T6803	26188-26198	NN	denotes	antagonism
T6804	26199-26206	IN	denotes	between
T6805	26207-26212	DT	denotes	these
T6806	26213-26220	NNS	denotes	factors
T6807	26221-26226	IN	denotes	under
T6808	26227-26231	NN	denotes	loss
T6809	26244-26254	NNS	denotes	conditions
T6810	26231-26232	HYPH	denotes	-
T6811	26232-26234	IN	denotes	of
T6812	26234-26235	HYPH	denotes	-
T6813	26235-26243	NN	denotes	function
T6814	26255-26257	FW	denotes	in
T6815	26258-26262	FW	denotes	vivo
T6816	26262-26264	,	denotes	,
T6817	26264-26266	PRP	denotes	we
T6818	26280-26287	IN	denotes	whether
T6819	26296-26307	VBN	denotes	derepressed
T6820	26288-26292	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T6821	26293-26295	VBZ	denotes	is
T6822	26308-26310	IN	denotes	in
T6823	26311-26314	DT	denotes	the
T6824	26315-26322	NN	denotes	absence
T6825	26323-26325	IN	denotes	of
T6826	26326-26330	NN	denotes	Wnt4
T6827	26331-26332	-LRB-	denotes	(
T6828	26340-26342	NN	denotes	6A
T6829	26333-26339	NN	denotes	Figure
T6830	26342-26343	SYM	denotes	–
T6831	26344-26346	NN	denotes	6C
T6832	26346-26347	-RRB-	denotes	)
T6833	26347-26348	.	denotes	.
T6834	26348-26488	sentence	denotes	Using an antibody against FGF9, we found that FGF9 was expressed in Wnt4 −/− XX gonads but not in Wnt4 +/− XX controls ( Figure 6B and 6C).
T6835	26349-26354	VBG	denotes	Using
T6836	26384-26389	VBD	denotes	found
T6837	26355-26357	DT	denotes	an
T6838	26358-26366	NN	denotes	antibody
T6839	26367-26374	IN	denotes	against
T6840	26375-26379	NN	denotes	FGF9
T6841	26379-26381	,	denotes	,
T6842	26381-26383	PRP	denotes	we
T6843	26390-26394	IN	denotes	that
T6844	26404-26413	VBN	denotes	expressed
T6845	26395-26399	NN	denotes	FGF9
T6846	26400-26403	VBD	denotes	was
T6847	26414-26416	IN	denotes	in
T6848	26417-26421	NN	denotes	Wnt4
T6849	26429-26435	NNS	denotes	gonads
T6850	26422-26423	SYM	denotes	−
T6851	26423-26424	HYPH	denotes	/
T6852	26424-26425	SYM	denotes	−
T6853	26426-26428	NN	denotes	XX
T6854	26436-26439	CC	denotes	but
T6855	26440-26443	RB	denotes	not
T6856	26444-26446	IN	denotes	in
T6857	26447-26451	NN	denotes	Wnt4
T6858	26459-26467	NNS	denotes	controls
T6859	26452-26453	SYM	denotes	+
T6860	26453-26454	HYPH	denotes	/
T6861	26454-26455	SYM	denotes	−
T6862	26456-26458	NN	denotes	XX
T6863	26468-26469	-LRB-	denotes	(
T6864	26477-26479	NN	denotes	6B
T6865	26470-26476	NN	denotes	Figure
T6866	26480-26483	CC	denotes	and
T6867	26484-26486	NN	denotes	6C
T6868	26486-26487	-RRB-	denotes	)
T6869	26487-26488	.	denotes	.
T6870	26488-26569	sentence	denotes	This result suggested that FGF9 is normally down-regulated by WNT4 in XX gonads.
T6871	26489-26493	DT	denotes	This
T6872	26494-26500	NN	denotes	result
T6873	26501-26510	VBD	denotes	suggested
T6874	26511-26515	IN	denotes	that
T6875	26538-26547	VBN	denotes	regulated
T6876	26516-26520	NN	denotes	FGF9
T6877	26521-26523	VBZ	denotes	is
T6878	26524-26532	RB	denotes	normally
T6879	26533-26537	RB	denotes	down
T6880	26537-26538	HYPH	denotes	-
T6881	26548-26550	IN	denotes	by
T6882	26551-26555	NN	denotes	WNT4
T6883	26556-26558	IN	denotes	in
T6884	26559-26561	NN	denotes	XX
T6885	26562-26568	NNS	denotes	gonads
T6886	26568-26569	.	denotes	.
T6887	26569-27451	sentence	denotes	Figure 6 Ectopic Expression of Male Factors, SOX9 and FGF9, in XX Wnt4 −/− Gonads (A–C) FGF9 (red) immunostaining shows that FGF9 is expressed in XX Wnt4 −/− gonads at 12.5 dpc (C) relative to littermate controls (A and B). (D–L) SOX9 (red) immunostaining shows that SOX9 is transiently up-regulated in XX Wnt4 −/− gonads. SOX9 expression is detected in Wnt4 −/− XX gonads at 11.5–12.0 dpc (F and I), albeit at reduced levels compared with XY gonad controls (E-H). SOX9 is not detected in control XX Wnt4 +/− gonads (D-J) or Wnt4 −/− XX gonads at 12.5 dpc (L). The ectopic coelomic vessel in XX Wnt4 −/− gonads [ 28] is indicated by arrowheads. PECAM, green. The scale bars represent 50 μm. Given our finding that FGF9, a positive regulator of Sox9, is derepressed in XX Wnt4 −/− gonads, we asked whether expression of SOX9 might also occur in XX Wnt4 −/− gonads ( Figure 6D– 6L).
T6888	27262-27267	VBN	denotes	Given
T6889	27362-27367	VBD	denotes	asked
T6890	27268-27271	PRP$	denotes	our
T6891	27272-27279	NN	denotes	finding
T6892	27280-27284	IN	denotes	that
T6893	27324-27335	VBN	denotes	derepressed
T6894	27285-27289	NN	denotes	FGF9
T6895	27289-27291	,	denotes	,
T6896	27291-27292	DT	denotes	a
T6897	27302-27311	NN	denotes	regulator
T6898	27293-27301	JJ	denotes	positive
T6899	27312-27314	IN	denotes	of
T6900	27315-27319	NN	denotes	Sox9
T6901	27319-27321	,	denotes	,
T6902	27321-27323	VBZ	denotes	is
T6903	27336-27338	IN	denotes	in
T6904	27339-27341	NN	denotes	XX
T6905	27351-27357	NNS	denotes	gonads
T6906	27342-27346	NN	denotes	Wnt4
T6907	27347-27348	SYM	denotes	−
T6908	27348-27349	HYPH	denotes	/
T6909	27349-27350	SYM	denotes	−
T6910	27357-27359	,	denotes	,
T6911	27359-27361	PRP	denotes	we
T6912	27368-27375	IN	denotes	whether
T6913	27406-27411	VB	denotes	occur
T6914	27376-27386	NN	denotes	expression
T6915	27387-27389	IN	denotes	of
T6916	27390-27394	NN	denotes	SOX9
T6917	27395-27400	MD	denotes	might
T6918	27401-27405	RB	denotes	also
T6919	27412-27414	IN	denotes	in
T6920	27415-27417	NN	denotes	XX
T6921	27427-27433	NNS	denotes	gonads
T6922	27418-27422	NN	denotes	Wnt4
T6923	27423-27424	SYM	denotes	−
T6924	27424-27425	HYPH	denotes	/
T6925	27425-27426	SYM	denotes	−
T6926	27434-27435	-LRB-	denotes	(
T6927	27443-27445	NN	denotes	6D
T6928	27436-27442	NN	denotes	Figure
T6929	27445-27446	SYM	denotes	–
T6930	27447-27449	NN	denotes	6L
T6931	27449-27450	-RRB-	denotes	)
T6932	27450-27451	.	denotes	.
T6933	27451-27678	sentence	denotes	An antibody against SOX9 revealed that expression was initially up-regulated in Wnt4 −/− XX gonads at 11.5 dpc ( Figure 6F and 6I), although it was rapidly down-regulated by 12.0 dpc and absent at 12.5 dpc ( Figure 6I and 6L).
T6934	27452-27454	DT	denotes	An
T6935	27455-27463	NN	denotes	antibody
T6936	27477-27485	VBD	denotes	revealed
T6937	27464-27471	IN	denotes	against
T6938	27472-27476	NN	denotes	SOX9
T6939	27486-27490	IN	denotes	that
T6940	27519-27528	VBN	denotes	regulated
T6941	27491-27501	NN	denotes	expression
T6942	27502-27505	VBD	denotes	was
T6943	27506-27515	RB	denotes	initially
T6944	27516-27518	RB	denotes	up
T6945	27518-27519	HYPH	denotes	-
T6946	27529-27531	IN	denotes	in
T6947	27532-27536	NN	denotes	Wnt4
T6948	27544-27550	NNS	denotes	gonads
T6949	27537-27538	SYM	denotes	−
T6950	27538-27539	HYPH	denotes	/
T6951	27539-27540	SYM	denotes	−
T6952	27541-27543	NN	denotes	XX
T6953	27551-27553	IN	denotes	at
T6954	27554-27558	CD	denotes	11.5
T6955	27559-27562	NNS	denotes	dpc
T6956	27563-27564	-LRB-	denotes	(
T6957	27572-27574	NN	denotes	6F
T6958	27565-27571	NN	denotes	Figure
T6959	27575-27578	CC	denotes	and
T6960	27579-27581	NN	denotes	6I
T6961	27581-27582	-RRB-	denotes	)
T6962	27582-27584	,	denotes	,
T6963	27584-27592	IN	denotes	although
T6964	27596-27599	VBD	denotes	was
T6965	27593-27595	PRP	denotes	it
T6966	27600-27607	RB	denotes	rapidly
T6967	27608-27612	RB	denotes	down
T6968	27613-27622	VBN	denotes	regulated
T6969	27612-27613	HYPH	denotes	-
T6970	27623-27625	IN	denotes	by
T6971	27626-27630	CD	denotes	12.0
T6972	27631-27634	NNS	denotes	dpc
T6973	27635-27638	CC	denotes	and
T6974	27639-27645	JJ	denotes	absent
T6975	27646-27648	IN	denotes	at
T6976	27649-27653	CD	denotes	12.5
T6977	27654-27657	NNS	denotes	dpc
T6978	27658-27659	-LRB-	denotes	(
T6979	27667-27669	NN	denotes	6I
T6980	27660-27666	NN	denotes	Figure
T6981	27670-27673	CC	denotes	and
T6982	27674-27676	NN	denotes	6L
T6983	27676-27677	-RRB-	denotes	)
T6984	27677-27678	.	denotes	.
T6985	27678-27818	sentence	denotes	This finding was confirmed by mRNA in situ hybridization, which also detected Sox9 transcripts in 11.5 dpc Wnt4 −/− XX gonads ( Figure S1).
T6986	27679-27683	DT	denotes	This
T6987	27684-27691	NN	denotes	finding
T6988	27696-27705	VBN	denotes	confirmed
T6989	27692-27695	VBD	denotes	was
T6990	27706-27708	IN	denotes	by
T6991	27709-27713	NN	denotes	mRNA
T6992	27722-27735	NN	denotes	hybridization
T6993	27714-27716	FW	denotes	in
T6994	27717-27721	FW	denotes	situ
T6995	27735-27737	,	denotes	,
T6996	27737-27742	WDT	denotes	which
T6997	27748-27756	VBD	denotes	detected
T6998	27743-27747	RB	denotes	also
T6999	27757-27761	NN	denotes	Sox9
T7000	27762-27773	NNS	denotes	transcripts
T7001	27774-27776	IN	denotes	in
T7002	27777-27781	CD	denotes	11.5
T7003	27782-27785	NN	denotes	dpc
T7004	27798-27804	NNS	denotes	gonads
T7005	27786-27790	NN	denotes	Wnt4
T7006	27791-27792	SYM	denotes	−
T7007	27792-27793	HYPH	denotes	/
T7008	27793-27794	SYM	denotes	−
T7009	27795-27797	NN	denotes	XX
T7010	27805-27806	-LRB-	denotes	(
T7011	27814-27816	NN	denotes	S1
T7012	27807-27813	NN	denotes	Figure
T7013	27816-27817	-RRB-	denotes	)
T7014	27817-27818	.	denotes	.
T7015	27818-27995	sentence	denotes	Wnt4 −/− XX gonads do not increase in size comparable to normal XY gonads ( Figure 6C, 6F, 6I, and 6L), and Sertoli cell differentiation and testis cord formation do not occur.
T7016	27819-27823	NN	denotes	Wnt4
T7017	27831-27837	NNS	denotes	gonads
T7018	27824-27825	SYM	denotes	−
T7019	27825-27826	HYPH	denotes	/
T7020	27826-27827	SYM	denotes	−
T7021	27828-27830	NN	denotes	XX
T7022	27845-27853	VB	denotes	increase
T7023	27838-27840	VBP	denotes	do
T7024	27841-27844	RB	denotes	not
T7025	27854-27856	IN	denotes	in
T7026	27857-27861	NN	denotes	size
T7027	27862-27872	JJ	denotes	comparable
T7028	27873-27875	IN	denotes	to
T7029	27876-27882	JJ	denotes	normal
T7030	27886-27892	NNS	denotes	gonads
T7031	27883-27885	NN	denotes	XY
T7032	27893-27894	-LRB-	denotes	(
T7033	27902-27904	NN	denotes	6C
T7034	27895-27901	NN	denotes	Figure
T7035	27904-27906	,	denotes	,
T7036	27906-27908	NN	denotes	6F
T7037	27908-27910	,	denotes	,
T7038	27910-27912	NN	denotes	6I
T7039	27912-27914	,	denotes	,
T7040	27914-27917	CC	denotes	and
T7041	27918-27920	NN	denotes	6L
T7042	27920-27921	-RRB-	denotes	)
T7043	27921-27923	,	denotes	,
T7044	27923-27926	CC	denotes	and
T7045	27927-27934	NN	denotes	Sertoli
T7046	27935-27939	NN	denotes	cell
T7047	27940-27955	NN	denotes	differentiation
T7048	27989-27994	VB	denotes	occur
T7049	27956-27959	CC	denotes	and
T7050	27960-27966	NN	denotes	testis
T7051	27967-27971	NN	denotes	cord
T7052	27972-27981	NN	denotes	formation
T7053	27982-27984	VBP	denotes	do
T7054	27985-27988	RB	denotes	not
T7055	27994-27995	.	denotes	.
T7056	27995-28282	sentence	denotes	Nevertheless, it is noteworthy that up-regulation of SOX9 occurs in this case in the absence of Sry, by eliminating the antagonistic effect of Wnt4 and up-regulating FGF9, supporting our hypothesis that sex determination occurs by tipping the balance between these two opposing signals.
T7057	27996-28008	RB	denotes	Nevertheless
T7058	28013-28015	VBZ	denotes	is
T7059	28008-28010	,	denotes	,
T7060	28010-28012	PRP	denotes	it
T7061	28016-28026	JJ	denotes	noteworthy
T7062	28027-28031	IN	denotes	that
T7063	28054-28060	VBZ	denotes	occurs
T7064	28032-28034	JJ	denotes	up
T7065	28035-28045	NN	denotes	regulation
T7066	28034-28035	HYPH	denotes	-
T7067	28046-28048	IN	denotes	of
T7068	28049-28053	NN	denotes	SOX9
T7069	28061-28063	IN	denotes	in
T7070	28064-28068	DT	denotes	this
T7071	28069-28073	NN	denotes	case
T7072	28074-28076	IN	denotes	in
T7073	28077-28080	DT	denotes	the
T7074	28081-28088	NN	denotes	absence
T7075	28089-28091	IN	denotes	of
T7076	28092-28095	NN	denotes	Sry
T7077	28095-28097	,	denotes	,
T7078	28097-28099	IN	denotes	by
T7079	28100-28111	VBG	denotes	eliminating
T7080	28112-28115	DT	denotes	the
T7081	28129-28135	NN	denotes	effect
T7082	28116-28128	JJ	denotes	antagonistic
T7083	28136-28138	IN	denotes	of
T7084	28139-28143	NN	denotes	Wnt4
T7085	28144-28147	CC	denotes	and
T7086	28148-28150	RB	denotes	up
T7087	28151-28161	VBG	denotes	regulating
T7088	28150-28151	HYPH	denotes	-
T7089	28162-28166	NN	denotes	FGF9
T7090	28166-28168	,	denotes	,
T7091	28168-28178	VBG	denotes	supporting
T7092	28179-28182	PRP$	denotes	our
T7093	28183-28193	NN	denotes	hypothesis
T7094	28194-28198	IN	denotes	that
T7095	28217-28223	VBZ	denotes	occurs
T7096	28199-28202	NN	denotes	sex
T7097	28203-28216	NN	denotes	determination
T7098	28224-28226	IN	denotes	by
T7099	28227-28234	VBG	denotes	tipping
T7100	28235-28238	DT	denotes	the
T7101	28239-28246	NN	denotes	balance
T7102	28247-28254	IN	denotes	between
T7103	28255-28260	DT	denotes	these
T7104	28274-28281	NNS	denotes	signals
T7105	28261-28264	CD	denotes	two
T7106	28265-28273	VBG	denotes	opposing
T7107	28281-28282	.	denotes	.
T7954	28295-28299	JJ	denotes	Many
T7955	28300-28307	NNS	denotes	studies
T7956	28308-28315	VBP	denotes	support
T7957	28425-28432	VB	denotes	develop
T7958	28316-28319	DT	denotes	the
T7959	28320-28324	NN	denotes	view
T7960	28325-28329	IN	denotes	that
T7961	28366-28369	VBP	denotes	are
T7962	28330-28335	NNS	denotes	cells
T7963	28336-28338	IN	denotes	in
T7964	28339-28342	DT	denotes	the
T7965	28360-28365	NN	denotes	gonad
T7966	28343-28359	JJ	denotes	undifferentiated
T7967	28370-28381	JJ	denotes	bipotential
T7968	28381-28382	:	denotes	;
T7969	28383-28386	DT	denotes	the
T7970	28413-28420	NN	denotes	lineage
T7971	28387-28397	VBG	denotes	supporting
T7972	28398-28402	NN	denotes	cell
T7973	28403-28412	NN	denotes	precursor
T7974	28421-28424	MD	denotes	can
T7975	28433-28437	IN	denotes	into
T7976	28438-28446	NN	denotes	follicle
T7977	28447-28452	NNS	denotes	cells
T7978	28453-28455	CC	denotes	or
T7979	28456-28463	NN	denotes	Sertoli
T7980	28464-28469	NNS	denotes	cells
T7981	28469-28470	.	denotes	.
T7982	28470-28644	sentence	denotes	In Fgf9 −/− XY gonads, cells initially embark on the Sertoli pathway, but in the absence of Fgf9 can neither maintain Sox9 expression nor establish downstream male pathways.
T7983	28471-28473	IN	denotes	In
T7984	28510-28516	VBP	denotes	embark
T7985	28474-28478	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T7986	28481-28482	SYM	denotes	−
T7987	28479-28480	SYM	denotes	−
T7988	28480-28481	HYPH	denotes	/
T7989	28486-28492	NNS	denotes	gonads
T7990	28483-28485	NN	denotes	XY
T7991	28492-28494	,	denotes	,
T7992	28494-28499	NNS	denotes	cells
T7993	28500-28509	RB	denotes	initially
T7994	28517-28519	IN	denotes	on
T7995	28520-28523	DT	denotes	the
T7996	28532-28539	NN	denotes	pathway
T7997	28524-28531	NN	denotes	Sertoli
T7998	28539-28541	,	denotes	,
T7999	28541-28544	CC	denotes	but
T8000	28545-28547	IN	denotes	in
T8001	28580-28588	VB	denotes	maintain
T8002	28548-28551	DT	denotes	the
T8003	28552-28559	NN	denotes	absence
T8004	28560-28562	IN	denotes	of
T8005	28563-28567	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T8006	28568-28571	MD	denotes	can
T8007	28572-28579	CC	denotes	neither
T8008	28589-28593	NN	denotes	Sox9
T8009	28594-28604	NN	denotes	expression
T8010	28605-28608	CC	denotes	nor
T8011	28609-28618	VB	denotes	establish
T8012	28619-28629	JJ	denotes	downstream
T8013	28635-28643	NNS	denotes	pathways
T8014	28630-28634	JJ	denotes	male
T8015	28643-28644	.	denotes	.
T8016	28644-28798	sentence	denotes	The loss of Sertoli cells in XY Fgf9 −/− gonads is not due to cell death, but instead to a transition of supporting cell fate as SOX9 expression is lost.
T8017	28645-28648	DT	denotes	The
T8018	28649-28653	NN	denotes	loss
T8019	28693-28695	VBZ	denotes	is
T8020	28654-28656	IN	denotes	of
T8021	28657-28664	NN	denotes	Sertoli
T8022	28665-28670	NNS	denotes	cells
T8023	28671-28673	IN	denotes	in
T8024	28674-28676	NN	denotes	XY
T8025	28686-28692	NNS	denotes	gonads
T8026	28677-28681	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T8027	28682-28683	SYM	denotes	−
T8028	28683-28684	HYPH	denotes	/
T8029	28684-28685	SYM	denotes	−
T8030	28696-28699	RB	denotes	not
T8031	28700-28703	IN	denotes	due
T8032	28704-28706	IN	denotes	to
T8033	28707-28711	NN	denotes	cell
T8034	28712-28717	NN	denotes	death
T8035	28717-28719	,	denotes	,
T8036	28719-28722	CC	denotes	but
T8037	28723-28730	RB	denotes	instead
T8038	28731-28733	IN	denotes	to
T8039	28734-28735	DT	denotes	a
T8040	28736-28746	NN	denotes	transition
T8041	28747-28749	IN	denotes	of
T8042	28750-28760	VBG	denotes	supporting
T8043	28761-28765	NN	denotes	cell
T8044	28766-28770	NN	denotes	fate
T8045	28771-28773	IN	denotes	as
T8046	28793-28797	VBN	denotes	lost
T8047	28774-28778	NN	denotes	SOX9
T8048	28779-28789	NN	denotes	expression
T8049	28790-28792	VBZ	denotes	is
T8050	28797-28798	.	denotes	.
T8051	28798-28943	sentence	denotes	We suggest that in the absence of the antagonizing activity of FGF9, WNT4 signals predominate and govern somatic cell fate in the gonadal field.
T8052	28799-28801	PRP	denotes	We
T8053	28802-28809	VBP	denotes	suggest
T8054	28810-28814	IN	denotes	that
T8055	28881-28892	VBP	denotes	predominate
T8056	28815-28817	IN	denotes	in
T8057	28818-28821	DT	denotes	the
T8058	28822-28829	NN	denotes	absence
T8059	28830-28832	IN	denotes	of
T8060	28833-28836	DT	denotes	the
T8061	28850-28858	NN	denotes	activity
T8062	28837-28849	VBG	denotes	antagonizing
T8063	28859-28861	IN	denotes	of
T8064	28862-28866	NN	denotes	FGF9
T8065	28866-28868	,	denotes	,
T8066	28868-28872	NN	denotes	WNT4
T8067	28873-28880	NNS	denotes	signals
T8068	28893-28896	CC	denotes	and
T8069	28897-28903	VBP	denotes	govern
T8070	28904-28911	JJ	denotes	somatic
T8071	28917-28921	NN	denotes	fate
T8072	28912-28916	NN	denotes	cell
T8073	28922-28924	IN	denotes	in
T8074	28925-28928	DT	denotes	the
T8075	28937-28942	NN	denotes	field
T8076	28929-28936	JJ	denotes	gonadal
T8077	28942-28943	.	denotes	.
T8078	28943-29055	sentence	denotes	The Drosophila genital disk is also a field of cells that normally follows one of two sexually dimorphic fates.
T8079	28944-28947	DT	denotes	The
T8080	28967-28971	NN	denotes	disk
T8081	28948-28958	NNP	denotes	Drosophila
T8082	28959-28966	JJ	denotes	genital
T8083	28972-28974	VBZ	denotes	is
T8084	28975-28979	RB	denotes	also
T8085	28980-28981	DT	denotes	a
T8086	28982-28987	NN	denotes	field
T8087	28988-28990	IN	denotes	of
T8088	28991-28996	NNS	denotes	cells
T8089	28997-29001	WDT	denotes	that
T8090	29011-29018	VBZ	denotes	follows
T8091	29002-29010	RB	denotes	normally
T8092	29019-29022	CD	denotes	one
T8093	29026-29029	CD	denotes	two
T8094	29023-29025	IN	denotes	of
T8095	29049-29054	NNS	denotes	fates
T8096	29030-29038	RB	denotes	sexually
T8097	29039-29048	JJ	denotes	dimorphic
T8098	29054-29055	.	denotes	.
T8099	29055-29244	sentence	denotes	For many years it was believed that the fate of each cell in the genital disk was under the cell-autonomous control of double sex (dsx), the key regulator of the sex determination pathway.
T8100	29056-29059	IN	denotes	For
T8101	29078-29086	VBN	denotes	believed
T8102	29060-29064	JJ	denotes	many
T8103	29065-29070	NNS	denotes	years
T8104	29071-29073	PRP	denotes	it
T8105	29074-29077	VBD	denotes	was
T8106	29087-29091	IN	denotes	that
T8107	29134-29137	VBD	denotes	was
T8108	29092-29095	DT	denotes	the
T8109	29096-29100	NN	denotes	fate
T8110	29101-29103	IN	denotes	of
T8111	29104-29108	DT	denotes	each
T8112	29109-29113	NN	denotes	cell
T8113	29114-29116	IN	denotes	in
T8114	29117-29120	DT	denotes	the
T8115	29129-29133	NN	denotes	disk
T8116	29121-29128	JJ	denotes	genital
T8117	29138-29143	IN	denotes	under
T8118	29144-29147	DT	denotes	the
T8119	29164-29171	NN	denotes	control
T8120	29148-29152	NN	denotes	cell
T8121	29153-29163	JJ	denotes	autonomous
T8122	29152-29153	HYPH	denotes	-
T8123	29172-29174	IN	denotes	of
T8124	29175-29181	JJ	denotes	double
T8125	29182-29185	NN	denotes	sex
T8126	29186-29187	-LRB-	denotes	(
T8127	29187-29190	NN	denotes	dsx
T8128	29190-29191	-RRB-	denotes	)
T8129	29191-29193	,	denotes	,
T8130	29193-29196	DT	denotes	the
T8131	29201-29210	NN	denotes	regulator
T8132	29197-29200	JJ	denotes	key
T8133	29211-29213	IN	denotes	of
T8134	29214-29217	DT	denotes	the
T8135	29236-29243	NN	denotes	pathway
T8136	29218-29221	NN	denotes	sex
T8137	29222-29235	NN	denotes	determination
T8138	29243-29244	.	denotes	.
T8139	29244-29463	sentence	denotes	However, mosaic studies have shown that the genetic sex of the cells in the anterior/posterior organizers of the disk, not the sex of the majority of cells in the disk, regulate the sexually dimorphic fate of the disk.
T8140	29245-29252	RB	denotes	However
T8141	29274-29279	VBN	denotes	shown
T8142	29252-29254	,	denotes	,
T8143	29254-29260	JJ	denotes	mosaic
T8144	29261-29268	NNS	denotes	studies
T8145	29269-29273	VBP	denotes	have
T8146	29280-29284	IN	denotes	that
T8147	29414-29422	VBP	denotes	regulate
T8148	29285-29288	DT	denotes	the
T8149	29297-29300	NN	denotes	sex
T8150	29289-29296	JJ	denotes	genetic
T8151	29301-29303	IN	denotes	of
T8152	29304-29307	DT	denotes	the
T8153	29308-29313	NNS	denotes	cells
T8154	29314-29316	IN	denotes	in
T8155	29317-29320	DT	denotes	the
T8156	29340-29350	NNS	denotes	organizers
T8157	29321-29329	JJ	denotes	anterior
T8158	29330-29339	JJ	denotes	posterior
T8159	29329-29330	HYPH	denotes	/
T8160	29351-29353	IN	denotes	of
T8161	29354-29357	DT	denotes	the
T8162	29358-29362	NN	denotes	disk
T8163	29362-29364	,	denotes	,
T8164	29364-29367	CC	denotes	not
T8165	29368-29371	DT	denotes	the
T8166	29372-29375	NN	denotes	sex
T8167	29376-29378	IN	denotes	of
T8168	29379-29382	DT	denotes	the
T8169	29383-29391	NN	denotes	majority
T8170	29392-29394	IN	denotes	of
T8171	29395-29400	NNS	denotes	cells
T8172	29401-29403	IN	denotes	in
T8173	29404-29407	DT	denotes	the
T8174	29408-29412	NN	denotes	disk
T8175	29412-29414	,	denotes	,
T8176	29423-29426	DT	denotes	the
T8177	29446-29450	NN	denotes	fate
T8178	29427-29435	RB	denotes	sexually
T8179	29436-29445	JJ	denotes	dimorphic
T8180	29451-29453	IN	denotes	of
T8181	29454-29457	DT	denotes	the
T8182	29458-29462	NN	denotes	disk
T8183	29462-29463	.	denotes	.
T8184	29463-29669	sentence	denotes	This occurs through the sex-specific regulation of WNT, FGF, and transforming growth factor beta signaling, which in turn regulate the growth, cell differentiation, and morphogenesis of the disk [ 41, 42].
T8185	29464-29468	DT	denotes	This
T8186	29469-29475	VBZ	denotes	occurs
T8187	29476-29483	IN	denotes	through
T8188	29484-29487	DT	denotes	the
T8189	29501-29511	NN	denotes	regulation
T8190	29488-29491	NN	denotes	sex
T8191	29492-29500	JJ	denotes	specific
T8192	29491-29492	HYPH	denotes	-
T8193	29512-29514	IN	denotes	of
T8194	29515-29518	NN	denotes	WNT
T8195	29518-29520	,	denotes	,
T8196	29520-29523	NN	denotes	FGF
T8197	29523-29525	,	denotes	,
T8198	29525-29528	CC	denotes	and
T8199	29529-29541	VBG	denotes	transforming
T8200	29549-29555	NN	denotes	factor
T8201	29542-29548	NN	denotes	growth
T8202	29561-29570	NN	denotes	signaling
T8203	29556-29560	NN	denotes	beta
T8204	29570-29572	,	denotes	,
T8205	29572-29577	WDT	denotes	which
T8206	29586-29594	VBP	denotes	regulate
T8207	29578-29580	IN	denotes	in
T8208	29581-29585	NN	denotes	turn
T8209	29595-29598	DT	denotes	the
T8210	29599-29605	NN	denotes	growth
T8211	29605-29607	,	denotes	,
T8212	29607-29611	NN	denotes	cell
T8213	29612-29627	NN	denotes	differentiation
T8214	29627-29629	,	denotes	,
T8215	29629-29632	CC	denotes	and
T8216	29633-29646	NN	denotes	morphogenesis
T8217	29647-29649	IN	denotes	of
T8218	29650-29653	DT	denotes	the
T8219	29654-29658	NN	denotes	disk
T8220	29659-29660	-LRB-	denotes	[
T8221	29665-29667	CD	denotes	42
T8222	29661-29663	CD	denotes	41
T8223	29663-29664	,	denotes	,
T8224	29667-29668	-RRB-	denotes	]
T8225	29668-29669	.	denotes	.
T8226	29669-30089	sentence	denotes	Sex-specific regulation of gonad organogenesis in vertebrates may occur in a similar manner, where some cells are cell-autonomously responsive to the sex-determining switch; however, the establishment of the male or female program occurs through the non-cell-autonomous activity of classic signaling pathways that act in an antagonistic manner and coordinate growth, cell differentiation and morphogenesis in the gonad.
T8227	29670-29673	NN	denotes	Sex
T8228	29674-29682	JJ	denotes	specific
T8229	29673-29674	HYPH	denotes	-
T8230	29683-29693	NN	denotes	regulation
T8231	29736-29741	VB	denotes	occur
T8232	29694-29696	IN	denotes	of
T8233	29697-29702	NN	denotes	gonad
T8234	29703-29716	NN	denotes	organogenesis
T8235	29717-29719	IN	denotes	in
T8236	29720-29731	NNS	denotes	vertebrates
T8237	29732-29735	MD	denotes	may
T8238	29901-29907	VBZ	denotes	occurs
T8239	29742-29744	IN	denotes	in
T8240	29745-29746	DT	denotes	a
T8241	29755-29761	NN	denotes	manner
T8242	29747-29754	JJ	denotes	similar
T8243	29761-29763	,	denotes	,
T8244	29763-29768	WRB	denotes	where
T8245	29780-29783	VBP	denotes	are
T8246	29769-29773	DT	denotes	some
T8247	29774-29779	NNS	denotes	cells
T8248	29784-29788	NN	denotes	cell
T8249	29789-29801	RB	denotes	autonomously
T8250	29788-29789	HYPH	denotes	-
T8251	29802-29812	JJ	denotes	responsive
T8252	29813-29815	IN	denotes	to
T8253	29816-29819	DT	denotes	the
T8254	29836-29842	NN	denotes	switch
T8255	29820-29823	NN	denotes	sex
T8256	29824-29835	VBG	denotes	determining
T8257	29823-29824	HYPH	denotes	-
T8258	29842-29843	:	denotes	;
T8259	29844-29851	RB	denotes	however
T8260	29851-29853	,	denotes	,
T8261	29853-29856	DT	denotes	the
T8262	29857-29870	NN	denotes	establishment
T8263	29871-29873	IN	denotes	of
T8264	29874-29877	DT	denotes	the
T8265	29893-29900	NN	denotes	program
T8266	29878-29882	JJ	denotes	male
T8267	29883-29885	CC	denotes	or
T8268	29886-29892	JJ	denotes	female
T8269	29908-29915	IN	denotes	through
T8270	29916-29919	DT	denotes	the
T8271	29940-29948	NN	denotes	activity
T8272	29920-29928	JJ	denotes	non-cell
T8273	29929-29939	JJ	denotes	autonomous
T8274	29928-29929	HYPH	denotes	-
T8275	29949-29951	IN	denotes	of
T8276	29952-29959	JJ	denotes	classic
T8277	29970-29978	NNS	denotes	pathways
T8278	29960-29969	NN	denotes	signaling
T8279	29979-29983	WDT	denotes	that
T8280	29984-29987	VBP	denotes	act
T8281	29988-29990	IN	denotes	in
T8282	29991-29993	DT	denotes	an
T8283	30007-30013	NN	denotes	manner
T8284	29994-30006	JJ	denotes	antagonistic
T8285	30014-30017	CC	denotes	and
T8286	30018-30028	VBP	denotes	coordinate
T8287	30029-30035	NN	denotes	growth
T8288	30035-30037	,	denotes	,
T8289	30037-30041	NN	denotes	cell
T8290	30042-30057	NN	denotes	differentiation
T8291	30058-30061	CC	denotes	and
T8292	30062-30075	NN	denotes	morphogenesis
T8293	30076-30078	IN	denotes	in
T8294	30079-30082	DT	denotes	the
T8295	30083-30088	NN	denotes	gonad
T8296	30088-30089	.	denotes	.
T8297	30089-30207	sentence	denotes	The interplay between cell-autonomous and non-cell-autonomous pathways in the mammalian gonad is not well understood.
T8298	30090-30093	DT	denotes	The
T8299	30094-30103	NN	denotes	interplay
T8300	30196-30206	VBN	denotes	understood
T8301	30104-30111	IN	denotes	between
T8302	30112-30116	NN	denotes	cell
T8303	30117-30127	JJ	denotes	autonomous
T8304	30116-30117	HYPH	denotes	-
T8305	30152-30160	NNS	denotes	pathways
T8306	30128-30131	CC	denotes	and
T8307	30132-30140	JJ	denotes	non-cell
T8308	30141-30151	JJ	denotes	autonomous
T8309	30140-30141	HYPH	denotes	-
T8310	30161-30163	IN	denotes	in
T8311	30164-30167	DT	denotes	the
T8312	30178-30183	NN	denotes	gonad
T8313	30168-30177	JJ	denotes	mammalian
T8314	30184-30186	VBZ	denotes	is
T8315	30187-30190	RB	denotes	not
T8316	30191-30195	RB	denotes	well
T8317	30206-30207	.	denotes	.
T8318	30207-30382	sentence	denotes	In XX↔XY chimera experiments, XX cells can be recruited to the Sertoli lineage, indicating that non-cell-autonomous signaling mechanisms operate under these conditions [ 15].
T8319	30208-30210	IN	denotes	In
T8320	30254-30263	VBN	denotes	recruited
T8321	30211-30213	NN	denotes	XX
T8322	30225-30236	NNS	denotes	experiments
T8323	30213-30214	SYM	denotes	↔
T8324	30214-30216	NN	denotes	XY
T8325	30217-30224	NN	denotes	chimera
T8326	30236-30238	,	denotes	,
T8327	30238-30240	NN	denotes	XX
T8328	30241-30246	NNS	denotes	cells
T8329	30247-30250	MD	denotes	can
T8330	30251-30253	VB	denotes	be
T8331	30264-30266	IN	denotes	to
T8332	30267-30270	DT	denotes	the
T8333	30279-30286	NN	denotes	lineage
T8334	30271-30278	NN	denotes	Sertoli
T8335	30286-30288	,	denotes	,
T8336	30288-30298	VBG	denotes	indicating
T8337	30299-30303	IN	denotes	that
T8338	30345-30352	VBP	denotes	operate
T8339	30304-30312	JJ	denotes	non-cell
T8340	30313-30323	JJ	denotes	autonomous
T8341	30312-30313	HYPH	denotes	-
T8342	30334-30344	NNS	denotes	mechanisms
T8343	30324-30333	NN	denotes	signaling
T8344	30353-30358	IN	denotes	under
T8345	30359-30364	DT	denotes	these
T8346	30365-30375	NNS	denotes	conditions
T8347	30376-30377	-LRB-	denotes	[
T8348	30378-30380	CD	denotes	15
T8349	30380-30381	-RRB-	denotes	]
T8350	30381-30382	.	denotes	.
T8351	30382-30513	sentence	denotes	Other more recent studies have suggested that paracrine signals could be involved in the establishment of Sertoli cells [ 43– 46].
T8352	30383-30388	JJ	denotes	Other
T8353	30401-30408	NNS	denotes	studies
T8354	30389-30393	RBR	denotes	more
T8355	30394-30400	JJ	denotes	recent
T8356	30414-30423	VBN	denotes	suggested
T8357	30409-30413	VBP	denotes	have
T8358	30424-30428	IN	denotes	that
T8359	30456-30464	VBN	denotes	involved
T8360	30429-30438	JJ	denotes	paracrine
T8361	30439-30446	NNS	denotes	signals
T8362	30447-30452	MD	denotes	could
T8363	30453-30455	VB	denotes	be
T8364	30465-30467	IN	denotes	in
T8365	30468-30471	DT	denotes	the
T8366	30472-30485	NN	denotes	establishment
T8367	30486-30488	IN	denotes	of
T8368	30489-30496	NN	denotes	Sertoli
T8369	30497-30502	NNS	denotes	cells
T8370	30503-30504	-LRB-	denotes	[
T8371	30505-30507	CD	denotes	43
T8372	30507-30508	SYM	denotes	–
T8373	30509-30511	CD	denotes	46
T8374	30511-30512	-RRB-	denotes	]
T8375	30512-30513	.	denotes	.
T8376	30513-30763	sentence	denotes	The current study reveals that ectopic FGF9 can induce SOX9 under conditions in which XX cells are dissociated ( Figure 2F), when an FGF9-coated bead is directly applied to the XX gonad ( Figure 2K), or when the dose of Wnt4 is reduced ( Figure 5G).
T8377	30514-30517	DT	denotes	The
T8378	30526-30531	NN	denotes	study
T8379	30518-30525	JJ	denotes	current
T8380	30532-30539	VBZ	denotes	reveals
T8381	30540-30544	IN	denotes	that
T8382	30562-30568	VB	denotes	induce
T8383	30545-30552	JJ	denotes	ectopic
T8384	30553-30557	NN	denotes	FGF9
T8385	30558-30561	MD	denotes	can
T8386	30569-30573	NN	denotes	SOX9
T8387	30574-30579	IN	denotes	under
T8388	30580-30590	NNS	denotes	conditions
T8389	30591-30593	IN	denotes	in
T8390	30613-30624	VBN	denotes	dissociated
T8391	30594-30599	WDT	denotes	which
T8392	30600-30602	NN	denotes	XX
T8393	30603-30608	NNS	denotes	cells
T8394	30609-30612	VBP	denotes	are
T8395	30625-30626	-LRB-	denotes	(
T8396	30634-30636	NN	denotes	2F
T8397	30627-30633	NN	denotes	Figure
T8398	30636-30637	-RRB-	denotes	)
T8399	30637-30639	,	denotes	,
T8400	30639-30643	WRB	denotes	when
T8401	30676-30683	VBN	denotes	applied
T8402	30644-30646	DT	denotes	an
T8403	30659-30663	NN	denotes	bead
T8404	30647-30651	NN	denotes	FGF9
T8405	30652-30658	VBN	denotes	coated
T8406	30651-30652	HYPH	denotes	-
T8407	30664-30666	VBZ	denotes	is
T8408	30667-30675	RB	denotes	directly
T8409	30684-30686	IN	denotes	to
T8410	30687-30690	DT	denotes	the
T8411	30694-30699	NN	denotes	gonad
T8412	30691-30693	NN	denotes	XX
T8413	30700-30701	-LRB-	denotes	(
T8414	30709-30711	NN	denotes	2K
T8415	30702-30708	NN	denotes	Figure
T8416	30711-30712	-RRB-	denotes	)
T8417	30712-30714	,	denotes	,
T8418	30714-30716	CC	denotes	or
T8419	30717-30721	WRB	denotes	when
T8420	30742-30749	VBN	denotes	reduced
T8421	30722-30725	DT	denotes	the
T8422	30726-30730	NN	denotes	dose
T8423	30731-30733	IN	denotes	of
T8424	30734-30738	NN	denotes	Wnt4
T8425	30739-30741	VBZ	denotes	is
T8426	30750-30751	-LRB-	denotes	(
T8427	30759-30761	NN	denotes	5G
T8428	30752-30758	NN	denotes	Figure
T8429	30761-30762	-RRB-	denotes	)
T8430	30762-30763	.	denotes	.
T8431	30763-30899	sentence	denotes	Whether FGF9 normally acts non-cell-autonomously in vivo to recruit XY cells to the Sertoli lineage by up-regulating SOX9 is not clear.
T8432	30764-30771	IN	denotes	Whether
T8433	30786-30790	VBZ	denotes	acts
T8434	30772-30776	NN	denotes	FGF9
T8435	30777-30785	RB	denotes	normally
T8436	30886-30888	VBZ	denotes	is
T8437	30791-30799	JJ	denotes	non-cell
T8438	30800-30812	RB	denotes	autonomously
T8439	30799-30800	HYPH	denotes	-
T8440	30813-30815	FW	denotes	in
T8441	30816-30820	FW	denotes	vivo
T8442	30821-30823	TO	denotes	to
T8443	30824-30831	VB	denotes	recruit
T8444	30832-30834	NN	denotes	XY
T8445	30835-30840	NNS	denotes	cells
T8446	30841-30843	IN	denotes	to
T8447	30844-30847	DT	denotes	the
T8448	30856-30863	NN	denotes	lineage
T8449	30848-30855	NN	denotes	Sertoli
T8450	30864-30866	IN	denotes	by
T8451	30867-30869	RB	denotes	up
T8452	30870-30880	VBG	denotes	regulating
T8453	30869-30870	HYPH	denotes	-
T8454	30881-30885	NN	denotes	SOX9
T8455	30889-30892	RB	denotes	not
T8456	30893-30898	JJ	denotes	clear
T8457	30898-30899	.	denotes	.
T8458	30899-31024	sentence	denotes	We show that Sry can initially up-regulate SOX9 in the absence of Fgf9, suggesting that FGF9 is not necessary for this step.
T8459	30900-30902	PRP	denotes	We
T8460	30903-30907	VBP	denotes	show
T8461	30908-30912	IN	denotes	that
T8462	30934-30942	VB	denotes	regulate
T8463	30913-30916	NN	denotes	Sry
T8464	30917-30920	MD	denotes	can
T8465	30921-30930	RB	denotes	initially
T8466	30931-30933	RB	denotes	up
T8467	30933-30934	HYPH	denotes	-
T8468	30943-30947	NN	denotes	SOX9
T8469	30948-30950	IN	denotes	in
T8470	30951-30954	DT	denotes	the
T8471	30955-30962	NN	denotes	absence
T8472	30963-30965	IN	denotes	of
T8473	30966-30970	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T8474	30970-30972	,	denotes	,
T8475	30972-30982	VBG	denotes	suggesting
T8476	30983-30987	IN	denotes	that
T8477	30993-30995	VBZ	denotes	is
T8478	30988-30992	NN	denotes	FGF9
T8479	30996-30999	RB	denotes	not
T8480	31000-31009	JJ	denotes	necessary
T8481	31010-31013	IN	denotes	for
T8482	31014-31018	DT	denotes	this
T8483	31019-31023	NN	denotes	step
T8484	31023-31024	.	denotes	.
T8485	31024-31280	sentence	denotes	However, FGF9 may act to trigger cell proliferation, increasing the number of Sertoli precursors above a threshold needed to stabilize the male pathway, consistent with threshold requirements deduced from earlier studies using XX↔XY chimeric gonads [ 15].
T8486	31025-31032	RB	denotes	However
T8487	31043-31046	VB	denotes	act
T8488	31032-31034	,	denotes	,
T8489	31034-31038	NN	denotes	FGF9
T8490	31039-31042	MD	denotes	may
T8491	31047-31049	TO	denotes	to
T8492	31050-31057	VB	denotes	trigger
T8493	31058-31062	NN	denotes	cell
T8494	31063-31076	NN	denotes	proliferation
T8495	31076-31078	,	denotes	,
T8496	31078-31088	VBG	denotes	increasing
T8497	31089-31092	DT	denotes	the
T8498	31093-31099	NN	denotes	number
T8499	31100-31102	IN	denotes	of
T8500	31103-31110	NN	denotes	Sertoli
T8501	31111-31121	NNS	denotes	precursors
T8502	31122-31127	IN	denotes	above
T8503	31128-31129	DT	denotes	a
T8504	31130-31139	NN	denotes	threshold
T8505	31140-31146	VBN	denotes	needed
T8506	31147-31149	TO	denotes	to
T8507	31150-31159	VB	denotes	stabilize
T8508	31160-31163	DT	denotes	the
T8509	31169-31176	NN	denotes	pathway
T8510	31164-31168	JJ	denotes	male
T8511	31176-31178	,	denotes	,
T8512	31178-31188	JJ	denotes	consistent
T8513	31189-31193	IN	denotes	with
T8514	31194-31203	NN	denotes	threshold
T8515	31204-31216	NNS	denotes	requirements
T8516	31217-31224	VBN	denotes	deduced
T8517	31225-31229	IN	denotes	from
T8518	31230-31237	JJR	denotes	earlier
T8519	31238-31245	NNS	denotes	studies
T8520	31246-31251	VBG	denotes	using
T8521	31252-31254	NN	denotes	XX
T8522	31255-31257	NN	denotes	XY
T8523	31254-31255	SYM	denotes	↔
T8524	31267-31273	NNS	denotes	gonads
T8525	31258-31266	JJ	denotes	chimeric
T8526	31274-31275	-LRB-	denotes	[
T8527	31276-31278	CD	denotes	15
T8528	31278-31279	-RRB-	denotes	]
T8529	31279-31280	.	denotes	.
T8530	31280-31530	sentence	denotes	Since Sertoli cells produce FGF9, loss of proliferation of Sertoli precursors may result in a reduction of the overall level of FGF9, and/or other male paracrine signals, below a critical threshold level required to antagonize the influence of WNT4.
T8531	31281-31286	IN	denotes	Since
T8532	31301-31308	VBP	denotes	produce
T8533	31287-31294	NN	denotes	Sertoli
T8534	31295-31300	NNS	denotes	cells
T8535	31363-31369	VB	denotes	result
T8536	31309-31313	NN	denotes	FGF9
T8537	31313-31315	,	denotes	,
T8538	31315-31319	NN	denotes	loss
T8539	31320-31322	IN	denotes	of
T8540	31323-31336	NN	denotes	proliferation
T8541	31337-31339	IN	denotes	of
T8542	31340-31347	NN	denotes	Sertoli
T8543	31348-31358	NNS	denotes	precursors
T8544	31359-31362	MD	denotes	may
T8545	31370-31372	IN	denotes	in
T8546	31373-31374	DT	denotes	a
T8547	31375-31384	NN	denotes	reduction
T8548	31385-31387	IN	denotes	of
T8549	31388-31391	DT	denotes	the
T8550	31400-31405	NN	denotes	level
T8551	31392-31399	JJ	denotes	overall
T8552	31406-31408	IN	denotes	of
T8553	31409-31413	NN	denotes	FGF9
T8554	31413-31415	,	denotes	,
T8555	31415-31418	CC	denotes	and
T8556	31418-31419	HYPH	denotes	/
T8557	31419-31421	CC	denotes	or
T8558	31422-31427	JJ	denotes	other
T8559	31443-31450	NNS	denotes	signals
T8560	31428-31432	JJ	denotes	male
T8561	31433-31442	JJ	denotes	paracrine
T8562	31450-31452	,	denotes	,
T8563	31452-31457	IN	denotes	below
T8564	31458-31459	DT	denotes	a
T8565	31479-31484	NN	denotes	level
T8566	31460-31468	JJ	denotes	critical
T8567	31469-31478	NN	denotes	threshold
T8568	31485-31493	VBN	denotes	required
T8569	31494-31496	TO	denotes	to
T8570	31497-31507	VB	denotes	antagonize
T8571	31508-31511	DT	denotes	the
T8572	31512-31521	NN	denotes	influence
T8573	31522-31524	IN	denotes	of
T8574	31525-31529	NN	denotes	WNT4
T8575	31529-31530	.	denotes	.
T8576	31530-31693	sentence	denotes	This model is appealing, because it links cell proliferation, believed to be required for establishment of the male pathway [ 9], with Sertoli fate determination.
T8577	31531-31535	DT	denotes	This
T8578	31536-31541	NN	denotes	model
T8579	31545-31554	VBG	denotes	appealing
T8580	31542-31544	VBZ	denotes	is
T8581	31554-31556	,	denotes	,
T8582	31556-31563	IN	denotes	because
T8583	31567-31572	VBZ	denotes	links
T8584	31564-31566	PRP	denotes	it
T8585	31573-31577	NN	denotes	cell
T8586	31578-31591	NN	denotes	proliferation
T8587	31591-31593	,	denotes	,
T8588	31593-31601	VBN	denotes	believed
T8589	31602-31604	TO	denotes	to
T8590	31608-31616	VBN	denotes	required
T8591	31605-31607	VB	denotes	be
T8592	31617-31620	IN	denotes	for
T8593	31621-31634	NN	denotes	establishment
T8594	31635-31637	IN	denotes	of
T8595	31638-31641	DT	denotes	the
T8596	31647-31654	NN	denotes	pathway
T8597	31642-31646	JJ	denotes	male
T8598	31655-31656	-LRB-	denotes	[
T8599	31657-31658	CD	denotes	9
T8600	31658-31659	-RRB-	denotes	]
T8601	31659-31661	,	denotes	,
T8602	31661-31665	IN	denotes	with
T8603	31666-31673	NN	denotes	Sertoli
T8604	31674-31678	NN	denotes	fate
T8605	31679-31692	NN	denotes	determination
T8606	31692-31693	.	denotes	.
T8607	31693-31919	sentence	denotes	A recent study by Yoshioka et al. [ 47] showed that misexpression of Fgf9 in chick nephrogenous mesenchyme led to the expansion of gonadal marker gene expression, implicating Fgf9 in gonadal cell proliferation across species.
T8608	31694-31695	DT	denotes	A
T8609	31703-31708	NN	denotes	study
T8610	31696-31702	JJ	denotes	recent
T8611	31734-31740	VBD	denotes	showed
T8612	31709-31711	IN	denotes	by
T8613	31712-31720	NNP	denotes	Yoshioka
T8614	31721-31723	FW	denotes	et
T8615	31724-31727	FW	denotes	al.
T8616	31728-31729	-LRB-	denotes	[
T8617	31730-31732	CD	denotes	47
T8618	31732-31733	-RRB-	denotes	]
T8619	31741-31745	IN	denotes	that
T8620	31801-31804	VBD	denotes	led
T8621	31746-31759	NN	denotes	misexpression
T8622	31760-31762	IN	denotes	of
T8623	31763-31767	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T8624	31768-31770	IN	denotes	in
T8625	31771-31776	NN	denotes	chick
T8626	31790-31800	NN	denotes	mesenchyme
T8627	31777-31789	JJ	denotes	nephrogenous
T8628	31805-31807	IN	denotes	to
T8629	31808-31811	DT	denotes	the
T8630	31812-31821	NN	denotes	expansion
T8631	31822-31824	IN	denotes	of
T8632	31825-31832	JJ	denotes	gonadal
T8633	31833-31839	NN	denotes	marker
T8634	31845-31855	NN	denotes	expression
T8635	31840-31844	NN	denotes	gene
T8636	31855-31857	,	denotes	,
T8637	31857-31868	VBG	denotes	implicating
T8638	31869-31873	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T8639	31874-31876	IN	denotes	in
T8640	31877-31884	JJ	denotes	gonadal
T8641	31885-31889	NN	denotes	cell
T8642	31890-31903	NN	denotes	proliferation
T8643	31904-31910	IN	denotes	across
T8644	31911-31918	NNS	denotes	species
T8645	31918-31919	.	denotes	.
T8646	31919-32004	sentence	denotes	It has been suggested that SOX9 represses WNT4 based on misexpression studies [ 48].
T8647	31920-31922	PRP	denotes	It
T8648	31932-31941	VBN	denotes	suggested
T8649	31923-31926	VBZ	denotes	has
T8650	31927-31931	VBN	denotes	been
T8651	31942-31946	IN	denotes	that
T8652	31952-31961	VBZ	denotes	represses
T8653	31947-31951	NN	denotes	SOX9
T8654	31962-31966	NN	denotes	WNT4
T8655	31967-31972	VBN	denotes	based
T8656	31973-31975	IN	denotes	on
T8657	31976-31989	NN	denotes	misexpression
T8658	31990-31997	NNS	denotes	studies
T8659	31998-31999	-LRB-	denotes	[
T8660	32000-32002	CD	denotes	48
T8661	32002-32003	-RRB-	denotes	]
T8662	32003-32004	.	denotes	.
T8663	32004-32114	sentence	denotes	Here we show that the addition of FGF9 protein to XX gonad explant cultures repressed the expression of Wnt4.
T8664	32005-32009	RB	denotes	Here
T8665	32013-32017	VBP	denotes	show
T8666	32010-32012	PRP	denotes	we
T8667	32018-32022	IN	denotes	that
T8668	32081-32090	VBD	denotes	repressed
T8669	32023-32026	DT	denotes	the
T8670	32027-32035	NN	denotes	addition
T8671	32036-32038	IN	denotes	of
T8672	32039-32043	NN	denotes	FGF9
T8673	32044-32051	NN	denotes	protein
T8674	32052-32054	IN	denotes	to
T8675	32055-32057	NN	denotes	XX
T8676	32072-32080	NNS	denotes	cultures
T8677	32058-32063	NN	denotes	gonad
T8678	32064-32071	NN	denotes	explant
T8679	32091-32094	DT	denotes	the
T8680	32095-32105	NN	denotes	expression
T8681	32106-32108	IN	denotes	of
T8682	32109-32113	NN	denotes	Wnt4
T8683	32113-32114	.	denotes	.
T8684	32114-32225	sentence	denotes	Down-regulation of Wnt4 is unlikely to occur through SOX9, as SOX9 is not up-regulated in this situation [ 7].
T8685	32115-32119	JJ	denotes	Down
T8686	32120-32130	NN	denotes	regulation
T8687	32119-32120	HYPH	denotes	-
T8688	32139-32141	VBZ	denotes	is
T8689	32131-32133	IN	denotes	of
T8690	32134-32138	NN	denotes	Wnt4
T8691	32142-32150	JJ	denotes	unlikely
T8692	32151-32153	TO	denotes	to
T8693	32154-32159	VB	denotes	occur
T8694	32160-32167	IN	denotes	through
T8695	32168-32172	NN	denotes	SOX9
T8696	32172-32174	,	denotes	,
T8697	32174-32176	IN	denotes	as
T8698	32192-32201	VBN	denotes	regulated
T8699	32177-32181	NN	denotes	SOX9
T8700	32182-32184	VBZ	denotes	is
T8701	32185-32188	RB	denotes	not
T8702	32189-32191	RB	denotes	up
T8703	32191-32192	HYPH	denotes	-
T8704	32202-32204	IN	denotes	in
T8705	32205-32209	DT	denotes	this
T8706	32210-32219	NN	denotes	situation
T8707	32220-32221	-LRB-	denotes	[
T8708	32222-32223	CD	denotes	7
T8709	32223-32224	-RRB-	denotes	]
T8710	32224-32225	.	denotes	.
T8711	32225-32376	sentence	denotes	Furthermore, although both SRY and SOX9 are initially expressed in Fgf9 −/− XY gonads, Wnt4 is not down-regulated in the absence of Fgf9 ( Figure 4K).
T8712	32226-32237	RB	denotes	Furthermore
T8713	32330-32339	VBN	denotes	regulated
T8714	32237-32239	,	denotes	,
T8715	32239-32247	IN	denotes	although
T8716	32280-32289	VBN	denotes	expressed
T8717	32248-32252	CC	denotes	both
T8718	32253-32256	NN	denotes	SRY
T8719	32257-32260	CC	denotes	and
T8720	32261-32265	NN	denotes	SOX9
T8721	32266-32269	VBP	denotes	are
T8722	32270-32279	RB	denotes	initially
T8723	32290-32292	IN	denotes	in
T8724	32293-32297	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T8725	32300-32301	SYM	denotes	−
T8726	32298-32299	SYM	denotes	−
T8727	32299-32300	HYPH	denotes	/
T8728	32305-32311	NNS	denotes	gonads
T8729	32302-32304	NN	denotes	XY
T8730	32311-32313	,	denotes	,
T8731	32313-32317	NN	denotes	Wnt4
T8732	32318-32320	VBZ	denotes	is
T8733	32321-32324	RB	denotes	not
T8734	32325-32329	RB	denotes	down
T8735	32329-32330	HYPH	denotes	-
T8736	32340-32342	IN	denotes	in
T8737	32343-32346	DT	denotes	the
T8738	32347-32354	NN	denotes	absence
T8739	32355-32357	IN	denotes	of
T8740	32358-32362	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T8741	32363-32364	-LRB-	denotes	(
T8742	32372-32374	NN	denotes	4K
T8743	32365-32371	NN	denotes	Figure
T8744	32374-32375	-RRB-	denotes	)
T8745	32375-32376	.	denotes	.
T8746	32376-32450	sentence	denotes	These findings support the idea that FGF9 acts as the antagonist of Wnt4.
T8747	32377-32382	DT	denotes	These
T8748	32383-32391	NNS	denotes	findings
T8749	32392-32399	VBP	denotes	support
T8750	32400-32403	DT	denotes	the
T8751	32404-32408	NN	denotes	idea
T8752	32409-32413	IN	denotes	that
T8753	32419-32423	VBZ	denotes	acts
T8754	32414-32418	NN	denotes	FGF9
T8755	32424-32426	IN	denotes	as
T8756	32427-32430	DT	denotes	the
T8757	32431-32441	NN	denotes	antagonist
T8758	32442-32444	IN	denotes	of
T8759	32445-32449	NN	denotes	Wnt4
T8760	32449-32450	.	denotes	.
T8761	32450-32832	sentence	denotes	Antagonism of WNT signals may be a multistep process involving both the transcriptional down-regulation of Wnt4 observed in this study and the destabilization of downstream Wnt intracellular pathways that antagonize SOX9 expression, as shown in chondrocyte differentiation [ 49], or that compete for intracellular signal transducers as has been reported in other systems [ 50, 51].
T8762	32451-32461	NN	denotes	Antagonism
T8763	32481-32483	VB	denotes	be
T8764	32462-32464	IN	denotes	of
T8765	32465-32468	NN	denotes	WNT
T8766	32469-32476	NNS	denotes	signals
T8767	32477-32480	MD	denotes	may
T8768	32484-32485	DT	denotes	a
T8769	32496-32503	NN	denotes	process
T8770	32486-32495	JJ	denotes	multistep
T8771	32504-32513	VBG	denotes	involving
T8772	32514-32518	CC	denotes	both
T8773	32544-32554	NN	denotes	regulation
T8774	32519-32522	DT	denotes	the
T8775	32523-32538	JJ	denotes	transcriptional
T8776	32539-32543	JJ	denotes	down
T8777	32543-32544	HYPH	denotes	-
T8778	32555-32557	IN	denotes	of
T8779	32558-32562	NN	denotes	Wnt4
T8780	32563-32571	VBN	denotes	observed
T8781	32572-32574	IN	denotes	in
T8782	32575-32579	DT	denotes	this
T8783	32580-32585	NN	denotes	study
T8784	32586-32589	CC	denotes	and
T8785	32590-32593	DT	denotes	the
T8786	32594-32609	NN	denotes	destabilization
T8787	32610-32612	IN	denotes	of
T8788	32613-32623	JJ	denotes	downstream
T8789	32642-32650	NNS	denotes	pathways
T8790	32624-32627	NN	denotes	Wnt
T8791	32628-32641	JJ	denotes	intracellular
T8792	32651-32655	WDT	denotes	that
T8793	32656-32666	VBP	denotes	antagonize
T8794	32667-32671	NN	denotes	SOX9
T8795	32672-32682	NN	denotes	expression
T8796	32682-32684	,	denotes	,
T8797	32684-32686	IN	denotes	as
T8798	32687-32692	VBN	denotes	shown
T8799	32693-32695	IN	denotes	in
T8800	32696-32707	NN	denotes	chondrocyte
T8801	32708-32723	NN	denotes	differentiation
T8802	32724-32725	-LRB-	denotes	[
T8803	32726-32728	CD	denotes	49
T8804	32728-32729	-RRB-	denotes	]
T8805	32729-32731	,	denotes	,
T8806	32731-32733	CC	denotes	or
T8807	32734-32738	WDT	denotes	that
T8808	32739-32746	VBP	denotes	compete
T8809	32747-32750	IN	denotes	for
T8810	32751-32764	JJ	denotes	intracellular
T8811	32772-32783	NNS	denotes	transducers
T8812	32765-32771	NN	denotes	signal
T8813	32784-32786	IN	denotes	as
T8814	32796-32804	VBN	denotes	reported
T8815	32787-32790	VBZ	denotes	has
T8816	32791-32795	VBN	denotes	been
T8817	32805-32807	IN	denotes	in
T8818	32808-32813	JJ	denotes	other
T8819	32814-32821	NNS	denotes	systems
T8820	32822-32823	-LRB-	denotes	[
T8821	32828-32830	CD	denotes	51
T8822	32824-32826	CD	denotes	50
T8823	32826-32827	,	denotes	,
T8824	32830-32831	-RRB-	denotes	]
T8825	32831-32832	.	denotes	.
T8826	32832-32878	sentence	denotes	Future work will address these possibilities.
T8827	32833-32839	JJ	denotes	Future
T8828	32840-32844	NN	denotes	work
T8829	32850-32857	VB	denotes	address
T8830	32845-32849	MD	denotes	will
T8831	32858-32863	DT	denotes	these
T8832	32864-32877	NNS	denotes	possibilities
T8833	32877-32878	.	denotes	.
T8834	32878-33053	sentence	denotes	In support of the idea that Wnt4 antagonizes the male pathway, we found that the loss of Wnt4 caused the up-regulation of both SOX9 and FGF9 in XX gonads where Sry is absent.
T8835	32879-32881	IN	denotes	In
T8836	32945-32950	VBD	denotes	found
T8837	32882-32889	NN	denotes	support
T8838	32890-32892	IN	denotes	of
T8839	32893-32896	DT	denotes	the
T8840	32897-32901	NN	denotes	idea
T8841	32902-32906	IN	denotes	that
T8842	32912-32923	VBZ	denotes	antagonizes
T8843	32907-32911	NN	denotes	Wnt4
T8844	32924-32927	DT	denotes	the
T8845	32933-32940	NN	denotes	pathway
T8846	32928-32932	JJ	denotes	male
T8847	32940-32942	,	denotes	,
T8848	32942-32944	PRP	denotes	we
T8849	32951-32955	IN	denotes	that
T8850	32973-32979	VBD	denotes	caused
T8851	32956-32959	DT	denotes	the
T8852	32960-32964	NN	denotes	loss
T8853	32965-32967	IN	denotes	of
T8854	32968-32972	NN	denotes	Wnt4
T8855	32980-32983	DT	denotes	the
T8856	32987-32997	NN	denotes	regulation
T8857	32984-32986	JJ	denotes	up
T8858	32986-32987	HYPH	denotes	-
T8859	32998-33000	IN	denotes	of
T8860	33001-33005	CC	denotes	both
T8861	33006-33010	NN	denotes	SOX9
T8862	33011-33014	CC	denotes	and
T8863	33015-33019	NN	denotes	FGF9
T8864	33020-33022	IN	denotes	in
T8865	33023-33025	NN	denotes	XX
T8866	33026-33032	NNS	denotes	gonads
T8867	33033-33038	WRB	denotes	where
T8868	33043-33045	VBZ	denotes	is
T8869	33039-33042	NN	denotes	Sry
T8870	33046-33052	JJ	denotes	absent
T8871	33052-33053	.	denotes	.
T8872	33053-33286	sentence	denotes	It appears that the male pathway can be initiated by disrupting the balance between Wnt4 and Fgf9, a finding that has strong implications for other vertebrate sex-determination systems in which Sry is not the sex determining factor.
T8873	33054-33056	PRP	denotes	It
T8874	33057-33064	VBZ	denotes	appears
T8875	33065-33069	IN	denotes	that
T8876	33094-33103	VBN	denotes	initiated
T8877	33070-33073	DT	denotes	the
T8878	33079-33086	NN	denotes	pathway
T8879	33074-33078	JJ	denotes	male
T8880	33087-33090	MD	denotes	can
T8881	33091-33093	VB	denotes	be
T8882	33104-33106	IN	denotes	by
T8883	33107-33117	VBG	denotes	disrupting
T8884	33118-33121	DT	denotes	the
T8885	33122-33129	NN	denotes	balance
T8886	33130-33137	IN	denotes	between
T8887	33138-33142	NN	denotes	Wnt4
T8888	33143-33146	CC	denotes	and
T8889	33147-33151	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T8890	33151-33153	,	denotes	,
T8891	33153-33154	DT	denotes	a
T8892	33155-33162	NN	denotes	finding
T8893	33163-33167	WDT	denotes	that
T8894	33168-33171	VBZ	denotes	has
T8895	33172-33178	JJ	denotes	strong
T8896	33179-33191	NNS	denotes	implications
T8897	33192-33195	IN	denotes	for
T8898	33196-33201	JJ	denotes	other
T8899	33231-33238	NNS	denotes	systems
T8900	33202-33212	NN	denotes	vertebrate
T8901	33213-33216	NN	denotes	sex
T8902	33217-33230	NN	denotes	determination
T8903	33216-33217	HYPH	denotes	-
T8904	33239-33241	IN	denotes	in
T8905	33252-33254	VBZ	denotes	is
T8906	33242-33247	WDT	denotes	which
T8907	33248-33251	NNP	denotes	Sry
T8908	33255-33258	RB	denotes	not
T8909	33259-33262	DT	denotes	the
T8910	33279-33285	NN	denotes	factor
T8911	33263-33266	NN	denotes	sex
T8912	33267-33278	VBG	denotes	determining
T8913	33285-33286	.	denotes	.
T8914	33286-33491	sentence	denotes	However, up-regulation of Sox9 is not sufficient to establish testis development in this mutant, as occurs in Odsex and other gain-of-function mutants where Sox9 is misexpressed in the XX gonad [ 24, 25].
T8915	33287-33294	RB	denotes	However
T8916	33318-33320	VBZ	denotes	is
T8917	33294-33296	,	denotes	,
T8918	33296-33298	JJ	denotes	up
T8919	33299-33309	NN	denotes	regulation
T8920	33298-33299	HYPH	denotes	-
T8921	33310-33312	IN	denotes	of
T8922	33313-33317	NN	denotes	Sox9
T8923	33321-33324	RB	denotes	not
T8924	33325-33335	JJ	denotes	sufficient
T8925	33336-33338	TO	denotes	to
T8926	33339-33348	VB	denotes	establish
T8927	33349-33355	NN	denotes	testis
T8928	33356-33367	NN	denotes	development
T8929	33368-33370	IN	denotes	in
T8930	33371-33375	DT	denotes	this
T8931	33376-33382	NN	denotes	mutant
T8932	33382-33384	,	denotes	,
T8933	33384-33386	IN	denotes	as
T8934	33387-33393	VBZ	denotes	occurs
T8935	33394-33396	IN	denotes	in
T8936	33397-33402	NN	denotes	Odsex
T8937	33430-33437	NNS	denotes	mutants
T8938	33403-33406	CC	denotes	and
T8939	33407-33412	JJ	denotes	other
T8940	33413-33417	NN	denotes	gain
T8941	33417-33418	HYPH	denotes	-
T8942	33418-33420	IN	denotes	of
T8943	33420-33421	HYPH	denotes	-
T8944	33421-33429	NN	denotes	function
T8945	33438-33443	WRB	denotes	where
T8946	33452-33464	VBN	denotes	misexpressed
T8947	33444-33448	NN	denotes	Sox9
T8948	33449-33451	VBZ	denotes	is
T8949	33465-33467	IN	denotes	in
T8950	33468-33471	DT	denotes	the
T8951	33475-33480	NN	denotes	gonad
T8952	33472-33474	NN	denotes	XX
T8953	33481-33482	-LRB-	denotes	[
T8954	33487-33489	CD	denotes	25
T8955	33483-33485	CD	denotes	24
T8956	33485-33486	,	denotes	,
T8957	33489-33490	-RRB-	denotes	]
T8958	33490-33491	.	denotes	.
T8959	33491-33675	sentence	denotes	In those two misexpression cases, Sox9 expression may have been artificially sustained by exogenous regulatory sequences that bypass the fine dosage balance in this signaling network.
T8960	33492-33494	IN	denotes	In
T8961	33569-33578	VBN	denotes	sustained
T8962	33495-33500	DT	denotes	those
T8963	33519-33524	NNS	denotes	cases
T8964	33501-33504	CD	denotes	two
T8965	33505-33518	NN	denotes	misexpression
T8966	33524-33526	,	denotes	,
T8967	33526-33530	NN	denotes	Sox9
T8968	33531-33541	NN	denotes	expression
T8969	33542-33545	MD	denotes	may
T8970	33546-33550	VB	denotes	have
T8971	33551-33555	VBN	denotes	been
T8972	33556-33568	RB	denotes	artificially
T8973	33579-33581	IN	denotes	by
T8974	33582-33591	JJ	denotes	exogenous
T8975	33603-33612	NNS	denotes	sequences
T8976	33592-33602	JJ	denotes	regulatory
T8977	33613-33617	WDT	denotes	that
T8978	33618-33624	VBP	denotes	bypass
T8979	33625-33628	DT	denotes	the
T8980	33641-33648	NN	denotes	balance
T8981	33629-33633	JJ	denotes	fine
T8982	33634-33640	NN	denotes	dosage
T8983	33649-33651	IN	denotes	in
T8984	33652-33656	DT	denotes	this
T8985	33667-33674	NN	denotes	network
T8986	33657-33666	NN	denotes	signaling
T8987	33674-33675	.	denotes	.
T8988	33675-33727	sentence	denotes	In Wnt4 mutants, SOX9 expression is not maintained.
T8989	33676-33678	IN	denotes	In
T8990	33716-33726	VBN	denotes	maintained
T8991	33679-33683	NN	denotes	Wnt4
T8992	33684-33691	NNS	denotes	mutants
T8993	33691-33693	,	denotes	,
T8994	33693-33697	NN	denotes	SOX9
T8995	33698-33708	NN	denotes	expression
T8996	33709-33711	VBZ	denotes	is
T8997	33712-33715	RB	denotes	not
T8998	33726-33727	.	denotes	.
T8999	33727-33927	sentence	denotes	In light of the observation that the Wnt4 −/− XX gonad does not increase significantly in size ( Figure 6), it is possible that the FGF9/SOX9-expressing population did not reach a critical threshold.
T9000	33728-33730	IN	denotes	In
T9001	33839-33841	VBZ	denotes	is
T9002	33731-33736	NN	denotes	light
T9003	33737-33739	IN	denotes	of
T9004	33740-33743	DT	denotes	the
T9005	33744-33755	NN	denotes	observation
T9006	33756-33760	IN	denotes	that
T9007	33792-33800	VB	denotes	increase
T9008	33761-33764	DT	denotes	the
T9009	33777-33782	NN	denotes	gonad
T9010	33765-33769	NN	denotes	Wnt4
T9011	33772-33773	SYM	denotes	−
T9012	33770-33771	SYM	denotes	−
T9013	33771-33772	HYPH	denotes	/
T9014	33774-33776	NN	denotes	XX
T9015	33783-33787	VBZ	denotes	does
T9016	33788-33791	RB	denotes	not
T9017	33801-33814	RB	denotes	significantly
T9018	33815-33817	IN	denotes	in
T9019	33818-33822	NN	denotes	size
T9020	33823-33824	-LRB-	denotes	(
T9021	33825-33831	NN	denotes	Figure
T9022	33832-33833	CD	denotes	6
T9023	33833-33834	-RRB-	denotes	)
T9024	33834-33836	,	denotes	,
T9025	33836-33838	PRP	denotes	it
T9026	33842-33850	JJ	denotes	possible
T9027	33851-33855	IN	denotes	that
T9028	33900-33905	VB	denotes	reach
T9029	33856-33859	DT	denotes	the
T9030	33881-33891	NN	denotes	population
T9031	33860-33864	NN	denotes	FGF9
T9032	33865-33869	NN	denotes	SOX9
T9033	33864-33865	HYPH	denotes	/
T9034	33870-33880	VBG	denotes	expressing
T9035	33869-33870	HYPH	denotes	-
T9036	33892-33895	VBD	denotes	did
T9037	33896-33899	RB	denotes	not
T9038	33906-33907	DT	denotes	a
T9039	33917-33926	NN	denotes	threshold
T9040	33908-33916	JJ	denotes	critical
T9041	33926-33927	.	denotes	.
T9042	33927-34134	sentence	denotes	Alternatively (or in addition), another male-specific factor normally dependent on Sry may be required to sustain SOX9 expression, possibly FGF-binding proteins in the extracellular matrix or FGF receptors.
T9043	33928-33941	RB	denotes	Alternatively
T9044	33946-33948	IN	denotes	in
T9045	33942-33943	-LRB-	denotes	(
T9046	33943-33945	CC	denotes	or
T9047	34022-34030	VBN	denotes	required
T9048	33949-33957	NN	denotes	addition
T9049	33957-33958	-RRB-	denotes	)
T9050	33958-33960	,	denotes	,
T9051	33960-33967	DT	denotes	another
T9052	33982-33988	NN	denotes	factor
T9053	33968-33972	JJ	denotes	male
T9054	33973-33981	JJ	denotes	specific
T9055	33972-33973	HYPH	denotes	-
T9056	33989-33997	RB	denotes	normally
T9057	33998-34007	JJ	denotes	dependent
T9058	34008-34010	IN	denotes	on
T9059	34011-34014	NN	denotes	Sry
T9060	34015-34018	MD	denotes	may
T9061	34019-34021	VB	denotes	be
T9062	34031-34033	TO	denotes	to
T9063	34034-34041	VB	denotes	sustain
T9064	34042-34046	NN	denotes	SOX9
T9065	34047-34057	NN	denotes	expression
T9066	34057-34059	,	denotes	,
T9067	34059-34067	RB	denotes	possibly
T9068	34080-34088	NN	denotes	proteins
T9069	34068-34071	NN	denotes	FGF
T9070	34072-34079	VBG	denotes	binding
T9071	34071-34072	HYPH	denotes	-
T9072	34089-34091	IN	denotes	in
T9073	34092-34095	DT	denotes	the
T9074	34110-34116	NN	denotes	matrix
T9075	34096-34109	JJ	denotes	extracellular
T9076	34117-34119	CC	denotes	or
T9077	34120-34123	NN	denotes	FGF
T9078	34124-34133	NNS	denotes	receptors
T9079	34133-34134	.	denotes	.
T9080	34134-34257	sentence	denotes	It is equally plausible that there are other female-specific factors that antagonize the establishment of SOX9 expression.
T9081	34135-34137	PRP	denotes	It
T9082	34138-34140	VBZ	denotes	is
T9083	34141-34148	RB	denotes	equally
T9084	34149-34158	JJ	denotes	plausible
T9085	34159-34163	IN	denotes	that
T9086	34170-34173	VBP	denotes	are
T9087	34164-34169	EX	denotes	there
T9088	34174-34179	JJ	denotes	other
T9089	34196-34203	NNS	denotes	factors
T9090	34180-34186	JJ	denotes	female
T9091	34187-34195	JJ	denotes	specific
T9092	34186-34187	HYPH	denotes	-
T9093	34204-34208	WDT	denotes	that
T9094	34209-34219	VBP	denotes	antagonize
T9095	34220-34223	DT	denotes	the
T9096	34224-34237	NN	denotes	establishment
T9097	34238-34240	IN	denotes	of
T9098	34241-34245	NN	denotes	SOX9
T9099	34246-34256	NN	denotes	expression
T9100	34256-34257	.	denotes	.
T9101	34257-34413	sentence	denotes	It has been observed that several other WNTs are expressed in the XX gonad [ 52], and these or other factors may partially compensate for the loss of Wnt4.
T9102	34258-34260	PRP	denotes	It
T9103	34270-34278	VBN	denotes	observed
T9104	34261-34264	VBZ	denotes	has
T9105	34265-34269	VBN	denotes	been
T9106	34279-34283	IN	denotes	that
T9107	34307-34316	VBN	denotes	expressed
T9108	34284-34291	JJ	denotes	several
T9109	34298-34302	NNS	denotes	WNTs
T9110	34292-34297	JJ	denotes	other
T9111	34303-34306	VBP	denotes	are
T9112	34317-34319	IN	denotes	in
T9113	34320-34323	DT	denotes	the
T9114	34327-34332	NN	denotes	gonad
T9115	34324-34326	NN	denotes	XX
T9116	34333-34334	-LRB-	denotes	[
T9117	34335-34337	CD	denotes	52
T9118	34337-34338	-RRB-	denotes	]
T9119	34338-34340	,	denotes	,
T9120	34340-34343	CC	denotes	and
T9121	34344-34349	DT	denotes	these
T9122	34381-34391	VB	denotes	compensate
T9123	34350-34352	CC	denotes	or
T9124	34353-34358	JJ	denotes	other
T9125	34359-34366	NNS	denotes	factors
T9126	34367-34370	MD	denotes	may
T9127	34371-34380	RB	denotes	partially
T9128	34392-34395	IN	denotes	for
T9129	34396-34399	DT	denotes	the
T9130	34400-34404	NN	denotes	loss
T9131	34405-34407	IN	denotes	of
T9132	34408-34412	NN	denotes	Wnt4
T9133	34412-34413	.	denotes	.
T9134	34413-34563	sentence	denotes	These findings suggest that WNT4 signaling normally acts as a repressor of the male pathway by interfering with the up-regulation of SOX9 expression.
T9135	34414-34419	DT	denotes	These
T9136	34420-34428	NNS	denotes	findings
T9137	34429-34436	VBP	denotes	suggest
T9138	34437-34441	IN	denotes	that
T9139	34466-34470	VBZ	denotes	acts
T9140	34442-34446	NN	denotes	WNT4
T9141	34447-34456	NN	denotes	signaling
T9142	34457-34465	RB	denotes	normally
T9143	34471-34473	IN	denotes	as
T9144	34474-34475	DT	denotes	a
T9145	34476-34485	NN	denotes	repressor
T9146	34486-34488	IN	denotes	of
T9147	34489-34492	DT	denotes	the
T9148	34498-34505	NN	denotes	pathway
T9149	34493-34497	JJ	denotes	male
T9150	34506-34508	IN	denotes	by
T9151	34509-34520	VBG	denotes	interfering
T9152	34521-34525	IN	denotes	with
T9153	34526-34529	DT	denotes	the
T9154	34533-34543	NN	denotes	regulation
T9155	34530-34532	JJ	denotes	up
T9156	34532-34533	HYPH	denotes	-
T9157	34544-34546	IN	denotes	of
T9158	34547-34551	NN	denotes	SOX9
T9159	34552-34562	NN	denotes	expression
T9160	34562-34563	.	denotes	.
T9161	34563-34685	sentence	denotes	One report of a duplication of the region of human Chromosome 1, which includes WNT4, led to an intersex phenotype [ 53].
T9162	34564-34567	CD	denotes	One
T9163	34568-34574	NN	denotes	report
T9164	34650-34653	VBD	denotes	led
T9165	34575-34577	IN	denotes	of
T9166	34578-34579	DT	denotes	a
T9167	34580-34591	NN	denotes	duplication
T9168	34592-34594	IN	denotes	of
T9169	34595-34598	DT	denotes	the
T9170	34599-34605	NN	denotes	region
T9171	34606-34608	IN	denotes	of
T9172	34609-34614	JJ	denotes	human
T9173	34615-34625	NN	denotes	Chromosome
T9174	34626-34627	CD	denotes	1
T9175	34627-34629	,	denotes	,
T9176	34629-34634	WDT	denotes	which
T9177	34635-34643	VBZ	denotes	includes
T9178	34644-34648	NN	denotes	WNT4
T9179	34648-34650	,	denotes	,
T9180	34654-34656	IN	denotes	to
T9181	34657-34659	DT	denotes	an
T9182	34669-34678	NN	denotes	phenotype
T9183	34660-34668	NN	denotes	intersex
T9184	34679-34680	-LRB-	denotes	[
T9185	34681-34683	CD	denotes	53
T9186	34683-34684	-RRB-	denotes	]
T9187	34684-34685	.	denotes	.
T9188	34685-34747	sentence	denotes	However, the report constitutes only circumstantial evidence.
T9189	34686-34693	RB	denotes	However
T9190	34706-34717	VBZ	denotes	constitutes
T9191	34693-34695	,	denotes	,
T9192	34695-34698	DT	denotes	the
T9193	34699-34705	NN	denotes	report
T9194	34718-34722	RB	denotes	only
T9195	34738-34746	NN	denotes	evidence
T9196	34723-34737	JJ	denotes	circumstantial
T9197	34746-34747	.	denotes	.
T9198	34747-34927	sentence	denotes	Such a role is not supported by efforts to misexpress Wnt4 in XY gonads, which have led to very mild phenotypes with no evidence for defects in Sertoli cell differentiation [ 54].
T9199	34748-34752	PDT	denotes	Such
T9200	34755-34759	NN	denotes	role
T9201	34753-34754	DT	denotes	a
T9202	34767-34776	VBN	denotes	supported
T9203	34760-34762	VBZ	denotes	is
T9204	34763-34766	RB	denotes	not
T9205	34777-34779	IN	denotes	by
T9206	34780-34787	NNS	denotes	efforts
T9207	34788-34790	TO	denotes	to
T9208	34791-34801	VB	denotes	misexpress
T9209	34802-34806	NN	denotes	Wnt4
T9210	34807-34809	IN	denotes	in
T9211	34810-34812	NN	denotes	XY
T9212	34813-34819	NNS	denotes	gonads
T9213	34819-34821	,	denotes	,
T9214	34821-34826	WDT	denotes	which
T9215	34832-34835	VBN	denotes	led
T9216	34827-34831	VBP	denotes	have
T9217	34836-34838	IN	denotes	to
T9218	34839-34843	RB	denotes	very
T9219	34844-34848	JJ	denotes	mild
T9220	34849-34859	NNS	denotes	phenotypes
T9221	34860-34864	IN	denotes	with
T9222	34865-34867	DT	denotes	no
T9223	34868-34876	NN	denotes	evidence
T9224	34877-34880	IN	denotes	for
T9225	34881-34888	NNS	denotes	defects
T9226	34889-34891	IN	denotes	in
T9227	34892-34899	NN	denotes	Sertoli
T9228	34900-34904	NN	denotes	cell
T9229	34905-34920	NN	denotes	differentiation
T9230	34921-34922	-LRB-	denotes	[
T9231	34923-34925	CD	denotes	54
T9232	34925-34926	-RRB-	denotes	]
T9233	34926-34927	.	denotes	.
T9234	34927-35121	sentence	denotes	It is possible that WNT4 protein did not function as an active signal in these transgenic mice, either because it was not expressed in the right cells, at the right time, or at the right level.
T9235	34928-34930	PRP	denotes	It
T9236	34931-34933	VBZ	denotes	is
T9237	34934-34942	JJ	denotes	possible
T9238	34943-34947	IN	denotes	that
T9239	34969-34977	VB	denotes	function
T9240	34948-34952	NN	denotes	WNT4
T9241	34953-34960	NN	denotes	protein
T9242	34961-34964	VBD	denotes	did
T9243	34965-34968	RB	denotes	not
T9244	34978-34980	IN	denotes	as
T9245	34981-34983	DT	denotes	an
T9246	34991-34997	NN	denotes	signal
T9247	34984-34990	JJ	denotes	active
T9248	34998-35000	IN	denotes	in
T9249	35001-35006	DT	denotes	these
T9250	35018-35022	NNS	denotes	mice
T9251	35007-35017	JJ	denotes	transgenic
T9252	35022-35024	,	denotes	,
T9253	35024-35030	CC	denotes	either
T9254	35050-35059	VBN	denotes	expressed
T9255	35031-35038	IN	denotes	because
T9256	35039-35041	PRP	denotes	it
T9257	35042-35045	VBD	denotes	was
T9258	35046-35049	RB	denotes	not
T9259	35060-35062	IN	denotes	in
T9260	35063-35066	DT	denotes	the
T9261	35073-35078	NNS	denotes	cells
T9262	35067-35072	JJ	denotes	right
T9263	35078-35080	,	denotes	,
T9264	35080-35082	IN	denotes	at
T9265	35083-35086	DT	denotes	the
T9266	35093-35097	NN	denotes	time
T9267	35087-35092	JJ	denotes	right
T9268	35097-35099	,	denotes	,
T9269	35099-35101	CC	denotes	or
T9270	35102-35104	IN	denotes	at
T9271	35105-35108	DT	denotes	the
T9272	35115-35120	NN	denotes	level
T9273	35109-35114	JJ	denotes	right
T9274	35120-35121	.	denotes	.
T9275	35121-35268	sentence	denotes	Consistent with our data and the partially sex-reversed phenotype of Wnt4 −/− XX mutants, other WNTs or additional female factors may be required.
T9276	35122-35132	JJ	denotes	Consistent
T9277	35259-35267	VBN	denotes	required
T9278	35133-35137	IN	denotes	with
T9279	35138-35141	PRP$	denotes	our
T9280	35142-35146	NNS	denotes	data
T9281	35147-35150	CC	denotes	and
T9282	35151-35154	DT	denotes	the
T9283	35178-35187	NN	denotes	phenotype
T9284	35155-35164	RB	denotes	partially
T9285	35169-35177	VBN	denotes	reversed
T9286	35165-35168	NN	denotes	sex
T9287	35168-35169	HYPH	denotes	-
T9288	35188-35190	IN	denotes	of
T9289	35191-35195	NN	denotes	Wnt4
T9290	35203-35210	NNS	denotes	mutants
T9291	35196-35197	SYM	denotes	−
T9292	35197-35198	HYPH	denotes	/
T9293	35198-35199	SYM	denotes	−
T9294	35200-35202	NN	denotes	XX
T9295	35210-35212	,	denotes	,
T9296	35212-35217	JJ	denotes	other
T9297	35218-35222	NNS	denotes	WNTs
T9298	35223-35225	CC	denotes	or
T9299	35226-35236	JJ	denotes	additional
T9300	35244-35251	NNS	denotes	factors
T9301	35237-35243	JJ	denotes	female
T9302	35252-35255	MD	denotes	may
T9303	35256-35258	VB	denotes	be
T9304	35267-35268	.	denotes	.
T9305	35268-35336	sentence	denotes	The switch that controls sex determination is biologically diverse.
T9306	35269-35272	DT	denotes	The
T9307	35273-35279	NN	denotes	switch
T9308	35312-35314	VBZ	denotes	is
T9309	35280-35284	WDT	denotes	that
T9310	35285-35293	VBZ	denotes	controls
T9311	35294-35297	NN	denotes	sex
T9312	35298-35311	NN	denotes	determination
T9313	35315-35327	RB	denotes	biologically
T9314	35328-35335	JJ	denotes	diverse
T9315	35335-35336	.	denotes	.
T9316	35336-35542	sentence	denotes	Sry is not present in nonmammalian systems; however, antagonistic signaling between FGFs and WNTs may be the conserved mechanism that balances the gonad between testicular and ovarian fates in vertebrates.
T9317	35337-35340	NN	denotes	Sry
T9318	35341-35343	VBZ	denotes	is
T9319	35439-35441	VB	denotes	be
T9320	35344-35347	RB	denotes	not
T9321	35348-35355	JJ	denotes	present
T9322	35356-35358	IN	denotes	in
T9323	35359-35371	JJ	denotes	nonmammalian
T9324	35372-35379	NNS	denotes	systems
T9325	35379-35380	:	denotes	;
T9326	35381-35388	RB	denotes	however
T9327	35388-35390	,	denotes	,
T9328	35390-35402	JJ	denotes	antagonistic
T9329	35403-35412	NN	denotes	signaling
T9330	35413-35420	IN	denotes	between
T9331	35421-35425	NNS	denotes	FGFs
T9332	35426-35429	CC	denotes	and
T9333	35430-35434	NNS	denotes	WNTs
T9334	35435-35438	MD	denotes	may
T9335	35442-35445	DT	denotes	the
T9336	35456-35465	NN	denotes	mechanism
T9337	35446-35455	VBN	denotes	conserved
T9338	35466-35470	WDT	denotes	that
T9339	35471-35479	VBZ	denotes	balances
T9340	35480-35483	DT	denotes	the
T9341	35484-35489	NN	denotes	gonad
T9342	35490-35497	IN	denotes	between
T9343	35498-35508	JJ	denotes	testicular
T9344	35521-35526	NNS	denotes	fates
T9345	35509-35512	CC	denotes	and
T9346	35513-35520	JJ	denotes	ovarian
T9347	35527-35529	IN	denotes	in
T9348	35530-35541	NNS	denotes	vertebrates
T9349	35541-35542	.	denotes	.
T9350	35542-35634	sentence	denotes	In theory, any genetic or environmental switch may tip the balance toward the male pathway.
T9351	35543-35545	IN	denotes	In
T9352	35594-35597	VB	denotes	tip
T9353	35546-35552	NN	denotes	theory
T9354	35552-35554	,	denotes	,
T9355	35554-35557	DT	denotes	any
T9356	35583-35589	NN	denotes	switch
T9357	35558-35565	JJ	denotes	genetic
T9358	35566-35568	CC	denotes	or
T9359	35569-35582	JJ	denotes	environmental
T9360	35590-35593	MD	denotes	may
T9361	35598-35601	DT	denotes	the
T9362	35602-35609	NN	denotes	balance
T9363	35610-35616	IN	denotes	toward
T9364	35617-35620	DT	denotes	the
T9365	35626-35633	NN	denotes	pathway
T9366	35621-35625	JJ	denotes	male
T9367	35633-35634	.	denotes	.
T9368	35634-35890	sentence	denotes	Based on our findings we propose that cells in the mammalian gonad are balanced between two competing cell fates by counterbalanced signaling pathways, Fgf9, expressed near the coelomic surface, and Wnt4, expressed near the mesonephric border ( Figure 7).
T9369	35635-35640	VBN	denotes	Based
T9370	35660-35667	VBP	denotes	propose
T9371	35641-35643	IN	denotes	on
T9372	35644-35647	PRP$	denotes	our
T9373	35648-35656	NNS	denotes	findings
T9374	35657-35659	PRP	denotes	we
T9375	35668-35672	IN	denotes	that
T9376	35706-35714	VBN	denotes	balanced
T9377	35673-35678	NNS	denotes	cells
T9378	35679-35681	IN	denotes	in
T9379	35682-35685	DT	denotes	the
T9380	35696-35701	NN	denotes	gonad
T9381	35686-35695	JJ	denotes	mammalian
T9382	35702-35705	VBP	denotes	are
T9383	35715-35722	IN	denotes	between
T9384	35723-35726	CD	denotes	two
T9385	35742-35747	NNS	denotes	fates
T9386	35727-35736	VBG	denotes	competing
T9387	35737-35741	NN	denotes	cell
T9388	35748-35750	IN	denotes	by
T9389	35751-35766	VBN	denotes	counterbalanced
T9390	35777-35785	NNS	denotes	pathways
T9391	35767-35776	NN	denotes	signaling
T9392	35785-35787	,	denotes	,
T9393	35787-35791	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T9394	35791-35793	,	denotes	,
T9395	35793-35802	VBN	denotes	expressed
T9396	35803-35807	IN	denotes	near
T9397	35808-35811	DT	denotes	the
T9398	35821-35828	NN	denotes	surface
T9399	35812-35820	JJ	denotes	coelomic
T9400	35828-35830	,	denotes	,
T9401	35830-35833	CC	denotes	and
T9402	35834-35838	NN	denotes	Wnt4
T9403	35838-35840	,	denotes	,
T9404	35840-35849	VBN	denotes	expressed
T9405	35850-35854	IN	denotes	near
T9406	35855-35858	DT	denotes	the
T9407	35871-35877	NN	denotes	border
T9408	35859-35870	JJ	denotes	mesonephric
T9409	35878-35879	-LRB-	denotes	(
T9410	35880-35886	NN	denotes	Figure
T9411	35887-35888	CD	denotes	7
T9412	35888-35889	-RRB-	denotes	)
T9413	35889-35890	.	denotes	.
T9414	35890-35992	sentence	denotes	In mammalian XY gonads, the onset of Sry expression initiates the male pathway by up-regulating Sox9.
T9415	35891-35893	IN	denotes	In
T9416	35943-35952	VBZ	denotes	initiates
T9417	35894-35903	JJ	denotes	mammalian
T9418	35907-35913	NNS	denotes	gonads
T9419	35904-35906	NN	denotes	XY
T9420	35913-35915	,	denotes	,
T9421	35915-35918	DT	denotes	the
T9422	35919-35924	NN	denotes	onset
T9423	35925-35927	IN	denotes	of
T9424	35928-35931	NN	denotes	Sry
T9425	35932-35942	NN	denotes	expression
T9426	35953-35956	DT	denotes	the
T9427	35962-35969	NN	denotes	pathway
T9428	35957-35961	JJ	denotes	male
T9429	35970-35972	IN	denotes	by
T9430	35973-35975	RB	denotes	up
T9431	35976-35986	VBG	denotes	regulating
T9432	35975-35976	HYPH	denotes	-
T9433	35987-35991	NN	denotes	Sox9
T9434	35991-35992	.	denotes	.
T9435	35992-36111	sentence	denotes	SOX9 up-regulates Fgf9, which initiates a Sox9/Fgf9 feed-forward loop that accelerates commitment to the male pathway.
T9436	35993-35997	NN	denotes	SOX9
T9437	36001-36010	VBZ	denotes	regulates
T9438	35998-36000	RB	denotes	up
T9439	36000-36001	HYPH	denotes	-
T9440	36011-36015	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T9441	36015-36017	,	denotes	,
T9442	36017-36022	WDT	denotes	which
T9443	36023-36032	VBZ	denotes	initiates
T9444	36033-36034	DT	denotes	a
T9445	36058-36062	NN	denotes	loop
T9446	36035-36039	NN	denotes	Sox9
T9447	36040-36044	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T9448	36039-36040	HYPH	denotes	/
T9449	36045-36049	NN	denotes	feed
T9450	36049-36050	HYPH	denotes	-
T9451	36050-36057	RB	denotes	forward
T9452	36063-36067	WDT	denotes	that
T9453	36068-36079	VBZ	denotes	accelerates
T9454	36080-36090	NN	denotes	commitment
T9455	36091-36093	IN	denotes	to
T9456	36094-36097	DT	denotes	the
T9457	36103-36110	NN	denotes	pathway
T9458	36098-36102	JJ	denotes	male
T9459	36110-36111	.	denotes	.
T9460	36111-36269	sentence	denotes	In XX gonads or XY mutant gonads lacking Sry, Sox9, or Fgf9, the SOX9/FGF9 feed-forward loop is not established, and WNT4 gains control of the gonadal field.
T9461	36112-36114	IN	denotes	In
T9462	36212-36223	VBN	denotes	established
T9463	36115-36117	NN	denotes	XX
T9464	36118-36124	NNS	denotes	gonads
T9465	36125-36127	CC	denotes	or
T9466	36128-36130	NN	denotes	XY
T9467	36138-36144	NNS	denotes	gonads
T9468	36131-36137	NN	denotes	mutant
T9469	36145-36152	VBG	denotes	lacking
T9470	36153-36156	NN	denotes	Sry
T9471	36156-36158	,	denotes	,
T9472	36158-36162	NN	denotes	Sox9
T9473	36162-36164	,	denotes	,
T9474	36164-36166	CC	denotes	or
T9475	36167-36171	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T9476	36171-36173	,	denotes	,
T9477	36173-36176	DT	denotes	the
T9478	36200-36204	NN	denotes	loop
T9479	36177-36181	NN	denotes	SOX9
T9480	36182-36186	NN	denotes	FGF9
T9481	36181-36182	HYPH	denotes	/
T9482	36187-36191	NN	denotes	feed
T9483	36191-36192	HYPH	denotes	-
T9484	36192-36199	RB	denotes	forward
T9485	36205-36207	VBZ	denotes	is
T9486	36208-36211	RB	denotes	not
T9487	36223-36225	,	denotes	,
T9488	36225-36228	CC	denotes	and
T9489	36229-36233	NN	denotes	WNT4
T9490	36234-36239	VBZ	denotes	gains
T9491	36240-36247	NN	denotes	control
T9492	36248-36250	IN	denotes	of
T9493	36251-36254	DT	denotes	the
T9494	36263-36268	NN	denotes	field
T9495	36255-36262	JJ	denotes	gonadal
T9496	36268-36269	.	denotes	.
T9497	36269-36384	sentence	denotes	This results in the down-regulation of Sox9 and Fgf9, tilting the balance toward commitment to the female pathway.
T9525	36410-36412	VB	denotes	be
T9526	36422-36424	TO	denotes	to
T9527	36425-36431	VB	denotes	define
T9528	36432-36435	DT	denotes	the
T9529	36446-36455	NN	denotes	mechanism
T9530	36436-36445	JJ	denotes	molecular
T9531	36456-36458	IN	denotes	of
T9532	36459-36463	NN	denotes	FGF9
T9533	36473-36479	NN	denotes	action
T9534	36464-36467	CC	denotes	and
T9535	36468-36472	NN	denotes	WNT4
T9536	36479-36480	.	denotes	.
T9537	36480-36662	sentence	denotes	However, our in vivo and in vitro data strongly support the antagonistic relationship of these two signaling pathways in regulating expression of the testis-determining factor SOX9.
T9538	36481-36488	RB	denotes	However
T9539	36529-36536	VBP	denotes	support
T9540	36488-36490	,	denotes	,
T9541	36490-36493	PRP$	denotes	our
T9542	36515-36519	NNS	denotes	data
T9543	36494-36496	FW	denotes	in
T9544	36497-36501	FW	denotes	vivo
T9545	36502-36505	CC	denotes	and
T9546	36506-36508	FW	denotes	in
T9547	36509-36514	FW	denotes	vitro
T9548	36520-36528	RB	denotes	strongly
T9549	36537-36540	DT	denotes	the
T9550	36554-36566	NN	denotes	relationship
T9551	36541-36553	JJ	denotes	antagonistic
T9552	36567-36569	IN	denotes	of
T9553	36570-36575	DT	denotes	these
T9554	36590-36598	NNS	denotes	pathways
T9555	36576-36579	CD	denotes	two
T9556	36580-36589	NN	denotes	signaling
T9557	36599-36601	IN	denotes	in
T9558	36602-36612	VBG	denotes	regulating
T9559	36613-36623	NN	denotes	expression
T9560	36624-36626	IN	denotes	of
T9561	36627-36630	DT	denotes	the
T9562	36657-36661	NN	denotes	SOX9
T9563	36631-36637	NN	denotes	testis
T9564	36638-36649	VBG	denotes	determining
T9565	36637-36638	HYPH	denotes	-
T9566	36650-36656	NN	denotes	factor
T9567	36661-36662	.	denotes	.
T9625	37640-37647	NNS	denotes	Animals
T9626	37648-37651	CC	denotes	and
T9627	37652-37662	NN	denotes	genotyping
T9628	37662-37663	.	denotes	.
T9629	37663-37786	sentence	denotes	The Fgf9 mutation was maintained on a C57BL/6 (B6) background that leads to sex reversal in 100% of XY Fgf9 −/− offspring.
T9630	37664-37667	DT	denotes	The
T9631	37673-37681	NN	denotes	mutation
T9632	37668-37672	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T9633	37686-37696	VBN	denotes	maintained
T9634	37682-37685	VBD	denotes	was
T9635	37697-37699	IN	denotes	on
T9636	37700-37701	DT	denotes	a
T9637	37715-37725	NN	denotes	background
T9638	37702-37707	NN	denotes	C57BL
T9639	37707-37708	HYPH	denotes	/
T9640	37708-37709	CD	denotes	6
T9641	37710-37711	-LRB-	denotes	(
T9642	37711-37713	NN	denotes	B6
T9643	37713-37714	-RRB-	denotes	)
T9644	37726-37730	WDT	denotes	that
T9645	37731-37736	VBZ	denotes	leads
T9646	37737-37739	IN	denotes	to
T9647	37740-37743	NN	denotes	sex
T9648	37744-37752	NN	denotes	reversal
T9649	37753-37755	IN	denotes	in
T9650	37756-37759	CD	denotes	100
T9651	37759-37760	NN	denotes	%
T9652	37761-37763	IN	denotes	of
T9653	37764-37766	NN	denotes	XY
T9654	37776-37785	NN	denotes	offspring
T9655	37767-37771	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T9656	37772-37773	SYM	denotes	−
T9657	37773-37774	HYPH	denotes	/
T9658	37774-37775	SYM	denotes	−
T9659	37785-37786	.	denotes	.
T9660	37786-37927	sentence	denotes	Sry-EGFP mice, a kind gift from K. Albrecht and E. Eicher, were initially on a mixed B6/129 and were backcrossed to B6 for five generations.
T9661	37787-37790	NN	denotes	Sry
T9662	37791-37795	NN	denotes	EGFP
T9663	37790-37791	HYPH	denotes	-
T9664	37796-37800	NNS	denotes	mice
T9665	37846-37850	VBD	denotes	were
T9666	37800-37802	,	denotes	,
T9667	37802-37803	DT	denotes	a
T9668	37809-37813	NN	denotes	gift
T9669	37804-37808	NN	denotes	kind
T9670	37814-37818	IN	denotes	from
T9671	37819-37821	NNP	denotes	K.
T9672	37822-37830	NNP	denotes	Albrecht
T9673	37831-37834	CC	denotes	and
T9674	37835-37837	NNP	denotes	E.
T9675	37838-37844	NNP	denotes	Eicher
T9676	37844-37846	,	denotes	,
T9677	37851-37860	RB	denotes	initially
T9678	37861-37863	IN	denotes	on
T9679	37864-37865	DT	denotes	a
T9680	37872-37874	NN	denotes	B6
T9681	37866-37871	JJ	denotes	mixed
T9682	37874-37875	HYPH	denotes	/
T9683	37875-37878	CD	denotes	129
T9684	37879-37882	CC	denotes	and
T9685	37883-37887	VBD	denotes	were
T9686	37888-37899	VBN	denotes	backcrossed
T9687	37900-37902	IN	denotes	to
T9688	37903-37905	NN	denotes	B6
T9689	37906-37909	IN	denotes	for
T9690	37910-37914	CD	denotes	five
T9691	37915-37926	NNS	denotes	generations
T9692	37926-37927	.	denotes	.
T9693	37927-38034	sentence	denotes	Offspring were then crossed to Fgf9 +/− and intercrossed and backcrossed to B6 in alternating generations.
T9694	37928-37937	NN	denotes	Offspring
T9695	37948-37955	VBN	denotes	crossed
T9696	37938-37942	VBD	denotes	were
T9697	37943-37947	RB	denotes	then
T9698	37956-37958	IN	denotes	to
T9699	37959-37963	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T9700	37964-37965	SYM	denotes	+
T9701	37965-37966	HYPH	denotes	/
T9702	37966-37967	SYM	denotes	−
T9703	37968-37971	CC	denotes	and
T9704	37972-37984	VBN	denotes	intercrossed
T9705	37985-37988	CC	denotes	and
T9706	37989-38000	VBN	denotes	backcrossed
T9707	38001-38003	IN	denotes	to
T9708	38004-38006	NN	denotes	B6
T9709	38007-38009	IN	denotes	in
T9710	38010-38021	VBG	denotes	alternating
T9711	38022-38033	NNS	denotes	generations
T9712	38033-38034	.	denotes	.
T9713	38034-38090	sentence	denotes	All XY Fgf9 −/− offspring showed complete sex reversal.
T9714	38035-38038	DT	denotes	All
T9715	38051-38060	NN	denotes	offspring
T9716	38039-38041	NN	denotes	XY
T9717	38042-38046	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T9718	38047-38048	SYM	denotes	−
T9719	38048-38049	HYPH	denotes	/
T9720	38049-38050	SYM	denotes	−
T9721	38061-38067	VBD	denotes	showed
T9722	38068-38076	JJ	denotes	complete
T9723	38081-38089	NN	denotes	reversal
T9724	38077-38080	NN	denotes	sex
T9725	38089-38090	.	denotes	.
T9726	38090-38180	sentence	denotes	Sry Myc mice were maintained on a CBA background, and Wnt4 on a mixed 129/SVJ background.
T9727	38091-38098	NN	denotes	Sry Myc
T9728	38099-38103	NNS	denotes	mice
T9729	38109-38119	VBN	denotes	maintained
T9730	38104-38108	VBD	denotes	were
T9731	38120-38122	IN	denotes	on
T9732	38123-38124	DT	denotes	a
T9733	38129-38139	NN	denotes	background
T9734	38125-38128	NN	denotes	CBA
T9735	38139-38141	,	denotes	,
T9736	38141-38144	CC	denotes	and
T9737	38145-38149	NN	denotes	Wnt4
T9738	38150-38152	IN	denotes	on
T9739	38153-38154	DT	denotes	a
T9740	38169-38179	NN	denotes	background
T9741	38155-38160	VBN	denotes	mixed
T9742	38161-38164	CD	denotes	129
T9743	38165-38168	NN	denotes	SVJ
T9744	38164-38165	HYPH	denotes	/
T9745	38179-38180	.	denotes	.
T9746	38180-38299	sentence	denotes	Mutant embryos were sexed by PCR using Y chromosome-specific primers and were genotyped as described [ 2, 16, 26, 55].
T9747	38181-38187	NN	denotes	Mutant
T9748	38188-38195	NNS	denotes	embryos
T9749	38201-38206	VBN	denotes	sexed
T9750	38196-38200	VBD	denotes	were
T9751	38207-38209	IN	denotes	by
T9752	38210-38213	NN	denotes	PCR
T9753	38214-38219	VBG	denotes	using
T9754	38220-38221	NN	denotes	Y
T9755	38222-38232	NN	denotes	chromosome
T9756	38233-38241	JJ	denotes	specific
T9757	38232-38233	HYPH	denotes	-
T9758	38242-38249	NNS	denotes	primers
T9759	38250-38253	CC	denotes	and
T9760	38254-38258	VBD	denotes	were
T9761	38259-38268	VBN	denotes	genotyped
T9762	38269-38271	IN	denotes	as
T9763	38272-38281	VBN	denotes	described
T9764	38282-38283	-LRB-	denotes	[
T9765	38295-38297	CD	denotes	55
T9766	38284-38285	CD	denotes	2
T9767	38285-38286	,	denotes	,
T9768	38287-38289	CD	denotes	16
T9769	38289-38290	,	denotes	,
T9770	38291-38293	CD	denotes	26
T9771	38293-38294	,	denotes	,
T9772	38297-38298	-RRB-	denotes	]
T9773	38298-38299	.	denotes	.
T9774	38299-38419	sentence	denotes	Mice homozygous for the Sox9 deletion were generated using a germline-specific gene deletion system as described [ 20].
T9775	38300-38304	NNS	denotes	Mice
T9776	38343-38352	VBN	denotes	generated
T9777	38305-38315	JJ	denotes	homozygous
T9778	38316-38319	IN	denotes	for
T9779	38320-38323	DT	denotes	the
T9780	38329-38337	NN	denotes	deletion
T9781	38324-38328	NN	denotes	Sox9
T9782	38338-38342	VBD	denotes	were
T9783	38353-38358	VBG	denotes	using
T9784	38359-38360	DT	denotes	a
T9785	38393-38399	NN	denotes	system
T9786	38361-38369	NN	denotes	germline
T9787	38370-38378	JJ	denotes	specific
T9788	38369-38370	HYPH	denotes	-
T9789	38379-38383	NN	denotes	gene
T9790	38384-38392	NN	denotes	deletion
T9791	38400-38402	IN	denotes	as
T9792	38403-38412	VBN	denotes	described
T9793	38413-38414	-LRB-	denotes	[
T9794	38415-38417	CD	denotes	20
T9795	38417-38418	-RRB-	denotes	]
T9796	38418-38419	.	denotes	.
T9946	38421-38423	FW	denotes	In
T9947	38424-38428	FW	denotes	situ
T9948	38429-38442	NN	denotes	hybridization
T9949	38443-38446	CC	denotes	and
T9950	38447-38466	NN	denotes	immunocytochemistry
T9951	38466-38467	.	denotes	.
T9952	38467-38576	sentence	denotes	In situ hybridization was performed on paraformaldehyde-fixed/OCT embedded cryosections, as described [ 56].
T9953	38468-38470	FW	denotes	In
T9954	38471-38475	FW	denotes	situ
T9955	38476-38489	NN	denotes	hybridization
T9956	38494-38503	VBN	denotes	performed
T9957	38490-38493	VBD	denotes	was
T9958	38504-38506	IN	denotes	on
T9959	38507-38523	NN	denotes	paraformaldehyde
T9960	38524-38529	VBN	denotes	fixed
T9961	38523-38524	HYPH	denotes	-
T9962	38534-38542	VBN	denotes	embedded
T9963	38529-38530	HYPH	denotes	/
T9964	38530-38533	NN	denotes	OCT
T9965	38543-38555	NNS	denotes	cryosections
T9966	38555-38557	,	denotes	,
T9967	38557-38559	IN	denotes	as
T9968	38560-38569	VBN	denotes	described
T9969	38570-38571	-LRB-	denotes	[
T9970	38572-38574	CD	denotes	56
T9971	38574-38575	-RRB-	denotes	]
T9972	38575-38576	.	denotes	.
T9973	38576-38655	sentence	denotes	Whole-mount in situ hybridization was performed as previously described [ 57].
T9974	38577-38582	JJ	denotes	Whole
T9975	38583-38588	NN	denotes	mount
T9976	38582-38583	HYPH	denotes	-
T9977	38597-38610	NN	denotes	hybridization
T9978	38589-38591	FW	denotes	in
T9979	38592-38596	FW	denotes	situ
T9980	38615-38624	VBN	denotes	performed
T9981	38611-38614	VBD	denotes	was
T9982	38625-38627	IN	denotes	as
T9983	38639-38648	VBN	denotes	described
T9984	38628-38638	RB	denotes	previously
T9985	38649-38650	-LRB-	denotes	[
T9986	38651-38653	CD	denotes	57
T9987	38653-38654	-RRB-	denotes	]
T9988	38654-38655	.	denotes	.
T9989	38655-38748	sentence	denotes	Probes used for in situ hybridization were: Amh [ 58], Dhh [ 20], Wnt4 [ 8], and Fgf9 [ 59].
T9990	38656-38662	NNS	denotes	Probes
T9991	38694-38698	VBD	denotes	were
T9992	38663-38667	VBN	denotes	used
T9993	38668-38671	IN	denotes	for
T9994	38672-38674	FW	denotes	in
T9995	38675-38679	FW	denotes	situ
T9996	38680-38693	NN	denotes	hybridization
T9997	38698-38700	:	denotes	:
T9998	38700-38703	NN	denotes	Amh
T9999	38704-38705	-LRB-	denotes	[
T10000	38706-38708	CD	denotes	58
T10001	38708-38709	-RRB-	denotes	]
T10002	38709-38711	,	denotes	,
T10003	38711-38714	NN	denotes	Dhh
T10004	38715-38716	-LRB-	denotes	[
T10005	38717-38719	CD	denotes	20
T10006	38719-38720	-RRB-	denotes	]
T10007	38720-38722	,	denotes	,
T10008	38722-38726	NN	denotes	Wnt4
T10009	38727-38728	-LRB-	denotes	[
T10010	38729-38730	CD	denotes	8
T10011	38730-38731	-RRB-	denotes	]
T10012	38731-38733	,	denotes	,
T10013	38733-38736	CC	denotes	and
T10014	38737-38741	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T10015	38742-38743	-LRB-	denotes	[
T10016	38744-38746	CD	denotes	59
T10017	38746-38747	-RRB-	denotes	]
T10018	38747-38748	.	denotes	.
T10019	38748-38842	sentence	denotes	Digoxigenin-labeled probes were prepared according to the Boehringer-Mannheim-Roche protocol.
T10020	38749-38760	NN	denotes	Digoxigenin
T10021	38761-38768	VBN	denotes	labeled
T10022	38760-38761	HYPH	denotes	-
T10023	38769-38775	NNS	denotes	probes
T10024	38781-38789	VBN	denotes	prepared
T10025	38776-38780	VBD	denotes	were
T10026	38790-38799	VBG	denotes	according
T10027	38800-38802	IN	denotes	to
T10028	38803-38806	DT	denotes	the
T10029	38833-38841	NN	denotes	protocol
T10030	38807-38817	NNP	denotes	Boehringer
T10031	38827-38832	NNP	denotes	Roche
T10032	38817-38818	HYPH	denotes	-
T10033	38818-38826	NNP	denotes	Mannheim
T10034	38826-38827	HYPH	denotes	-
T10035	38841-38842	.	denotes	.
T10036	38842-39283	sentence	denotes	Antibodies used in whole-mount immunocytochemistry were: mouse monoclonal anti-N-MYC (Cell Signaling Technology, Beverly, Massachusetts, United States; 1:100), rabbit anti-SOX9 (gift of F. Poulat; 1:1,000), rat anti-PECAM (Pharmingen, San Diego, California, United States; 1:500), rabbit anti-caspase-3 fragment (BD Bioscience, San Diego, California, United States; 1:100), and rabbit anti-phosphorylated histone H3 (Cell Signaling; 1:250).
T10037	38843-38853	NNS	denotes	Antibodies
T10038	38894-38898	VBD	denotes	were
T10039	38854-38858	VBN	denotes	used
T10040	38859-38861	IN	denotes	in
T10041	38862-38867	JJ	denotes	whole
T10042	38868-38873	NN	denotes	mount
T10043	38867-38868	HYPH	denotes	-
T10044	38874-38893	NN	denotes	immunocytochemistry
T10045	38898-38900	:	denotes	:
T10046	38900-38905	NN	denotes	mouse
T10047	38924-38927	NN	denotes	MYC
T10048	38906-38916	JJ	denotes	monoclonal
T10049	38917-38923	JJ	denotes	anti-N
T10050	38923-38924	HYPH	denotes	-
T10051	38928-38929	-LRB-	denotes	(
T10052	38995-38996	CD	denotes	1
T10053	38929-38933	NNP	denotes	Cell
T10054	38934-38943	NNP	denotes	Signaling
T10055	38944-38954	NNP	denotes	Technology
T10056	38954-38956	,	denotes	,
T10057	38956-38963	NNP	denotes	Beverly
T10058	38963-38965	,	denotes	,
T10059	38965-38978	NNP	denotes	Massachusetts
T10060	38978-38980	,	denotes	,
T10061	38980-38986	NNP	denotes	United
T10062	38987-38993	NNP	denotes	States
T10063	38993-38994	:	denotes	;
T10064	38996-38997	SYM	denotes	:
T10065	38997-39000	CD	denotes	100
T10066	39000-39001	-RRB-	denotes	)
T10067	39001-39003	,	denotes	,
T10068	39003-39009	NN	denotes	rabbit
T10069	39010-39019	JJ	denotes	anti-SOX9
T10070	39020-39021	-LRB-	denotes	(
T10071	39040-39041	CD	denotes	1
T10072	39021-39025	NN	denotes	gift
T10073	39026-39028	IN	denotes	of
T10074	39029-39031	NNP	denotes	F.
T10075	39032-39038	NNP	denotes	Poulat
T10076	39038-39039	:	denotes	;
T10077	39041-39042	SYM	denotes	:
T10078	39042-39047	CD	denotes	1,000
T10079	39047-39048	-RRB-	denotes	)
T10080	39048-39050	,	denotes	,
T10081	39050-39053	NN	denotes	rat
T10082	39054-39064	JJ	denotes	anti-PECAM
T10083	39065-39066	-LRB-	denotes	(
T10084	39116-39117	CD	denotes	1
T10085	39066-39076	NNP	denotes	Pharmingen
T10086	39076-39078	,	denotes	,
T10087	39078-39081	NNP	denotes	San
T10088	39082-39087	NNP	denotes	Diego
T10089	39087-39089	,	denotes	,
T10090	39089-39099	NNP	denotes	California
T10091	39099-39101	,	denotes	,
T10092	39101-39107	NNP	denotes	United
T10093	39108-39114	NNP	denotes	States
T10094	39114-39115	:	denotes	;
T10095	39117-39118	SYM	denotes	:
T10096	39118-39121	CD	denotes	500
T10097	39121-39122	-RRB-	denotes	)
T10098	39122-39124	,	denotes	,
T10099	39124-39130	NN	denotes	rabbit
T10100	39146-39154	NN	denotes	fragment
T10101	39131-39143	JJ	denotes	anti-caspase
T10102	39144-39145	CD	denotes	3
T10103	39143-39144	HYPH	denotes	-
T10104	39155-39156	-LRB-	denotes	(
T10105	39209-39210	CD	denotes	1
T10106	39156-39158	NNP	denotes	BD
T10107	39159-39169	NNP	denotes	Bioscience
T10108	39169-39171	,	denotes	,
T10109	39171-39174	NNP	denotes	San
T10110	39175-39180	NNP	denotes	Diego
T10111	39180-39182	,	denotes	,
T10112	39182-39192	NNP	denotes	California
T10113	39192-39194	,	denotes	,
T10114	39194-39200	NNP	denotes	United
T10115	39201-39207	NNP	denotes	States
T10116	39207-39208	:	denotes	;
T10117	39210-39211	SYM	denotes	:
T10118	39211-39214	CD	denotes	100
T10119	39214-39215	-RRB-	denotes	)
T10120	39215-39217	,	denotes	,
T10121	39217-39220	CC	denotes	and
T10122	39221-39227	NN	denotes	rabbit
T10123	39256-39258	NN	denotes	H3
T10124	39228-39247	JJ	denotes	anti-phosphorylated
T10125	39248-39255	NN	denotes	histone
T10126	39259-39260	-LRB-	denotes	(
T10127	39276-39277	CD	denotes	1
T10128	39260-39264	NN	denotes	Cell
T10129	39265-39274	NN	denotes	Signaling
T10130	39274-39275	:	denotes	;
T10131	39277-39278	SYM	denotes	:
T10132	39278-39281	CD	denotes	250
T10133	39281-39282	-RRB-	denotes	)
T10134	39282-39283	.	denotes	.
T10135	39283-39445	sentence	denotes	Antibody binding was detected using fluorophore-conjugated secondary antibodies (Jackson ImmunoResearch, West Grove, Pennsylvania, United States) as recommended.
T10136	39284-39292	NN	denotes	Antibody
T10137	39293-39300	NN	denotes	binding
T10138	39305-39313	VBN	denotes	detected
T10139	39301-39304	VBD	denotes	was
T10140	39314-39319	VBG	denotes	using
T10141	39320-39331	NN	denotes	fluorophore
T10142	39332-39342	VBN	denotes	conjugated
T10143	39331-39332	HYPH	denotes	-
T10144	39353-39363	NNS	denotes	antibodies
T10145	39343-39352	JJ	denotes	secondary
T10146	39364-39365	-LRB-	denotes	(
T10147	39373-39387	NNP	denotes	ImmunoResearch
T10148	39365-39372	NNP	denotes	Jackson
T10149	39387-39389	,	denotes	,
T10150	39389-39393	NNP	denotes	West
T10151	39394-39399	NNP	denotes	Grove
T10152	39399-39401	,	denotes	,
T10153	39401-39413	NNP	denotes	Pennsylvania
T10154	39413-39415	,	denotes	,
T10155	39415-39421	NNP	denotes	United
T10156	39422-39428	NNP	denotes	States
T10157	39428-39429	-RRB-	denotes	)
T10158	39430-39432	IN	denotes	as
T10159	39433-39444	VBN	denotes	recommended
T10160	39444-39445	.	denotes	.
T10161	39445-39743	sentence	denotes	For FGF9 immunostaining, gonads were prepared as frozen sections, and rabbit anti-mouse FGF9 (Cell Science; 1:50) and anti-rabbit IgG conjugated with peroxidase secondary antibody were used, followed by amplification with tyramide-Cy3 fluorophore (Molecular Probes, Eugene, Oregon, United States).
T10162	39446-39449	IN	denotes	For
T10163	39483-39491	VBN	denotes	prepared
T10164	39450-39454	NN	denotes	FGF9
T10165	39455-39469	NN	denotes	immunostaining
T10166	39469-39471	,	denotes	,
T10167	39471-39477	NNS	denotes	gonads
T10168	39478-39482	VBD	denotes	were
T10169	39492-39494	IN	denotes	as
T10170	39495-39501	VBN	denotes	frozen
T10171	39502-39510	NNS	denotes	sections
T10172	39510-39512	,	denotes	,
T10173	39512-39515	CC	denotes	and
T10174	39516-39522	NN	denotes	rabbit
T10175	39534-39538	NN	denotes	FGF9
T10176	39523-39533	JJ	denotes	anti-mouse
T10177	39631-39635	VBN	denotes	used
T10178	39539-39540	-LRB-	denotes	(
T10179	39554-39555	CD	denotes	1
T10180	39540-39544	NNP	denotes	Cell
T10181	39545-39552	NNP	denotes	Science
T10182	39552-39553	:	denotes	;
T10183	39555-39556	SYM	denotes	:
T10184	39556-39558	CD	denotes	50
T10185	39558-39559	-RRB-	denotes	)
T10186	39560-39563	CC	denotes	and
T10187	39564-39575	JJ	denotes	anti-rabbit
T10188	39576-39579	NN	denotes	IgG
T10189	39580-39590	VBN	denotes	conjugated
T10190	39591-39595	IN	denotes	with
T10191	39596-39606	NN	denotes	peroxidase
T10192	39617-39625	NN	denotes	antibody
T10193	39607-39616	JJ	denotes	secondary
T10194	39626-39630	VBD	denotes	were
T10195	39635-39637	,	denotes	,
T10196	39637-39645	VBN	denotes	followed
T10197	39646-39648	IN	denotes	by
T10198	39649-39662	NN	denotes	amplification
T10199	39663-39667	IN	denotes	with
T10200	39668-39676	NN	denotes	tyramide
T10201	39677-39680	NN	denotes	Cy3
T10202	39676-39677	HYPH	denotes	-
T10203	39681-39692	NN	denotes	fluorophore
T10204	39693-39694	-LRB-	denotes	(
T10205	39704-39710	NNP	denotes	Probes
T10206	39694-39703	NNP	denotes	Molecular
T10207	39710-39712	,	denotes	,
T10208	39712-39718	NNP	denotes	Eugene
T10209	39718-39720	,	denotes	,
T10210	39720-39726	NNP	denotes	Oregon
T10211	39726-39728	,	denotes	,
T10212	39728-39734	NNP	denotes	United
T10213	39735-39741	NNP	denotes	States
T10214	39741-39742	-RRB-	denotes	)
T10215	39742-39743	.	denotes	.
T10216	39743-39827	sentence	denotes	This antibody did not detect FGF9 in 12.5 dpc ovary or Fgf9 −/− null mutant gonads.
T10217	39744-39748	DT	denotes	This
T10218	39749-39757	NN	denotes	antibody
T10219	39766-39772	VB	denotes	detect
T10220	39758-39761	VBD	denotes	did
T10221	39762-39765	RB	denotes	not
T10222	39773-39777	NN	denotes	FGF9
T10223	39778-39780	IN	denotes	in
T10224	39781-39785	CD	denotes	12.5
T10225	39786-39789	NN	denotes	dpc
T10226	39790-39795	NN	denotes	ovary
T10227	39796-39798	CC	denotes	or
T10228	39799-39803	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T10229	39808-39812	JJ	denotes	null
T10230	39804-39805	SYM	denotes	−
T10231	39805-39806	HYPH	denotes	/
T10232	39806-39807	SYM	denotes	−
T10233	39820-39826	NNS	denotes	gonads
T10234	39813-39819	NN	denotes	mutant
T10235	39826-39827	.	denotes	.
T10236	39827-39921	sentence	denotes	Immunostained samples were mounted in DABCO and imaged on a Zeiss LSM420 confocal microscope.
T10237	39828-39841	JJ	denotes	Immunostained
T10238	39842-39849	NNS	denotes	samples
T10239	39855-39862	VBN	denotes	mounted
T10240	39850-39854	VBD	denotes	were
T10241	39863-39865	IN	denotes	in
T10242	39866-39871	NN	denotes	DABCO
T10243	39872-39875	CC	denotes	and
T10244	39876-39882	VBN	denotes	imaged
T10245	39883-39885	IN	denotes	on
T10246	39886-39887	DT	denotes	a
T10247	39910-39920	NN	denotes	microscope
T10248	39888-39893	NNP	denotes	Zeiss
T10249	39894-39900	NNP	denotes	LSM420
T10250	39901-39909	JJ	denotes	confocal
T10251	39920-39921	.	denotes	.
T10320	39923-39930	JJ	denotes	Primary
T10321	39944-39951	NN	denotes	culture
T10322	39931-39938	JJ	denotes	gonadal
T10323	39939-39943	NN	denotes	cell
T10324	39951-39952	.	denotes	.
T10325	39952-40062	sentence	denotes	11.5 dpc embryos were collected from CD1 mice, and sex was determined by staining amnions as described [ 15].
T10326	39953-39957	CD	denotes	11.5
T10327	39958-39961	NN	denotes	dpc
T10328	39962-39969	NNS	denotes	embryos
T10329	39975-39984	VBN	denotes	collected
T10330	39970-39974	VBD	denotes	were
T10331	39985-39989	IN	denotes	from
T10332	39990-39993	NN	denotes	CD1
T10333	39994-39998	NNS	denotes	mice
T10334	39998-40000	,	denotes	,
T10335	40000-40003	CC	denotes	and
T10336	40004-40007	NN	denotes	sex
T10337	40012-40022	VBN	denotes	determined
T10338	40008-40011	VBD	denotes	was
T10339	40023-40025	IN	denotes	by
T10340	40026-40034	VBG	denotes	staining
T10341	40035-40042	NNS	denotes	amnions
T10342	40043-40045	IN	denotes	as
T10343	40046-40055	VBN	denotes	described
T10344	40056-40057	-LRB-	denotes	[
T10345	40058-40060	CD	denotes	15
T10346	40060-40061	-RRB-	denotes	]
T10347	40061-40062	.	denotes	.
T10348	40062-40142	sentence	denotes	Whole genital ridges were dissected and gonads were separated from mesonephroi.
T10349	40063-40068	JJ	denotes	Whole
T10350	40077-40083	NNS	denotes	ridges
T10351	40069-40076	JJ	denotes	genital
T10352	40089-40098	VBN	denotes	dissected
T10353	40084-40088	VBD	denotes	were
T10354	40099-40102	CC	denotes	and
T10355	40103-40109	NNS	denotes	gonads
T10356	40115-40124	VBN	denotes	separated
T10357	40110-40114	VBD	denotes	were
T10358	40125-40129	IN	denotes	from
T10359	40130-40141	NNS	denotes	mesonephroi
T10360	40141-40142	.	denotes	.
T10361	40142-40248	sentence	denotes	The gonads were treated with collagenase (0.025%) and trypsin (0.025%) in HAT buffer at 37 °C for 10 min.
T10362	40143-40146	DT	denotes	The
T10363	40147-40153	NNS	denotes	gonads
T10364	40159-40166	VBN	denotes	treated
T10365	40154-40158	VBD	denotes	were
T10366	40167-40171	IN	denotes	with
T10367	40172-40183	NN	denotes	collagenase
T10368	40184-40185	-LRB-	denotes	(
T10369	40190-40191	NN	denotes	%
T10370	40185-40190	CD	denotes	0.025
T10371	40191-40192	-RRB-	denotes	)
T10372	40193-40196	CC	denotes	and
T10373	40197-40204	NN	denotes	trypsin
T10374	40205-40206	-LRB-	denotes	(
T10375	40211-40212	NN	denotes	%
T10376	40206-40211	CD	denotes	0.025
T10377	40212-40213	-RRB-	denotes	)
T10378	40214-40216	IN	denotes	in
T10379	40217-40220	NN	denotes	HAT
T10380	40221-40227	NN	denotes	buffer
T10381	40228-40230	IN	denotes	at
T10382	40231-40233	CD	denotes	37
T10383	40234-40236	NN	denotes	°C
T10384	40237-40240	IN	denotes	for
T10385	40241-40243	CD	denotes	10
T10386	40244-40247	NNS	denotes	min
T10387	40247-40248	.	denotes	.
T10388	40248-40523	sentence	denotes	After the digestion, cells were mechanically dissociated by pipetting, washed in DMEM, plated on 10-mm diameter coverslips coated with extracellular matrix (Sigma), and were cultured in DMEM containing 5% fetal bovine serum and 1× antibiotics/antimycotics at 37 °C, 5% CO 2.
T10389	40249-40254	IN	denotes	After
T10390	40294-40305	VBN	denotes	dissociated
T10391	40255-40258	DT	denotes	the
T10392	40259-40268	NN	denotes	digestion
T10393	40268-40270	,	denotes	,
T10394	40270-40275	NNS	denotes	cells
T10395	40276-40280	VBD	denotes	were
T10396	40281-40293	RB	denotes	mechanically
T10397	40306-40308	IN	denotes	by
T10398	40309-40318	VBG	denotes	pipetting
T10399	40318-40320	,	denotes	,
T10400	40320-40326	VBN	denotes	washed
T10401	40327-40329	IN	denotes	in
T10402	40330-40334	NN	denotes	DMEM
T10403	40334-40336	,	denotes	,
T10404	40336-40342	VBN	denotes	plated
T10405	40343-40345	IN	denotes	on
T10406	40346-40348	CD	denotes	10
T10407	40349-40351	NN	denotes	mm
T10408	40348-40349	HYPH	denotes	-
T10409	40352-40360	NN	denotes	diameter
T10410	40361-40371	NNS	denotes	coverslips
T10411	40372-40378	VBN	denotes	coated
T10412	40379-40383	IN	denotes	with
T10413	40384-40397	JJ	denotes	extracellular
T10414	40398-40404	NN	denotes	matrix
T10415	40405-40406	-LRB-	denotes	(
T10416	40406-40411	NNP	denotes	Sigma
T10417	40411-40412	-RRB-	denotes	)
T10418	40412-40414	,	denotes	,
T10419	40414-40417	CC	denotes	and
T10420	40418-40422	VBD	denotes	were
T10421	40423-40431	VBN	denotes	cultured
T10422	40432-40434	IN	denotes	in
T10423	40435-40439	NN	denotes	DMEM
T10424	40440-40450	VBG	denotes	containing
T10425	40451-40452	CD	denotes	5
T10426	40452-40453	NN	denotes	%
T10427	40467-40472	NN	denotes	serum
T10428	40454-40459	JJ	denotes	fetal
T10429	40460-40466	JJ	denotes	bovine
T10430	40473-40476	CC	denotes	and
T10431	40477-40478	CD	denotes	1
T10432	40492-40504	NNS	denotes	antimycotics
T10433	40478-40479	SYM	denotes	×
T10434	40480-40491	NNS	denotes	antibiotics
T10435	40491-40492	HYPH	denotes	/
T10436	40505-40507	IN	denotes	at
T10437	40508-40510	CD	denotes	37
T10438	40511-40513	NN	denotes	°C
T10439	40513-40515	,	denotes	,
T10440	40515-40516	CD	denotes	5
T10441	40516-40517	NN	denotes	%
T10442	40518-40522	NN	denotes	CO 2
T10443	40522-40523	.	denotes	.
T10444	40523-40683	sentence	denotes	In one of duplicate cultures, FGF9 (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States) was added to the final concentration of 50 ng/ml in the culture medium.
T10445	40524-40526	IN	denotes	In
T10446	40616-40621	VBN	denotes	added
T10447	40527-40530	CD	denotes	one
T10448	40531-40533	IN	denotes	of
T10449	40534-40543	JJ	denotes	duplicate
T10450	40544-40552	NNS	denotes	cultures
T10451	40552-40554	,	denotes	,
T10452	40554-40558	NN	denotes	FGF9
T10453	40559-40560	-LRB-	denotes	(
T10454	40564-40571	NNP	denotes	Systems
T10455	40560-40561	NNP	denotes	R
T10456	40561-40562	CC	denotes	&
T10457	40562-40563	NNP	denotes	D
T10458	40571-40573	,	denotes	,
T10459	40573-40584	NNP	denotes	Minneapolis
T10460	40584-40586	,	denotes	,
T10461	40586-40595	NNP	denotes	Minnesota
T10462	40595-40597	,	denotes	,
T10463	40597-40603	NNP	denotes	United
T10464	40604-40610	NNP	denotes	States
T10465	40610-40611	-RRB-	denotes	)
T10466	40612-40615	VBD	denotes	was
T10467	40622-40624	IN	denotes	to
T10468	40625-40628	DT	denotes	the
T10469	40635-40648	NN	denotes	concentration
T10470	40629-40634	JJ	denotes	final
T10471	40649-40651	IN	denotes	of
T10472	40652-40654	CD	denotes	50
T10473	40655-40657	NNS	denotes	ng
T10474	40657-40658	SYM	denotes	/
T10475	40658-40660	NN	denotes	ml
T10476	40661-40663	IN	denotes	in
T10477	40664-40667	DT	denotes	the
T10478	40676-40682	NN	denotes	medium
T10479	40668-40675	NN	denotes	culture
T10480	40682-40683	.	denotes	.
T10481	40683-40751	sentence	denotes	After 36 h of culture, cells were fixed and immunostained for SOX9.
T10482	40684-40689	IN	denotes	After
T10483	40718-40723	VBN	denotes	fixed
T10484	40690-40692	CD	denotes	36
T10485	40693-40694	NNS	denotes	h
T10486	40695-40697	IN	denotes	of
T10487	40698-40705	NN	denotes	culture
T10488	40705-40707	,	denotes	,
T10489	40707-40712	NNS	denotes	cells
T10490	40713-40717	VBD	denotes	were
T10491	40724-40727	CC	denotes	and
T10492	40728-40741	VBN	denotes	immunostained
T10493	40742-40745	IN	denotes	for
T10494	40746-40750	NN	denotes	SOX9
T10495	40750-40751	.	denotes	.
T10496	40751-40860	sentence	denotes	Syto13 (Molecular Probes) was used for nuclear counterstaining, according to the manufacturer's instruction.
T10497	40752-40758	NN	denotes	Syto13
T10498	40782-40786	VBN	denotes	used
T10499	40759-40760	-LRB-	denotes	(
T10500	40770-40776	NNP	denotes	Probes
T10501	40760-40769	NNP	denotes	Molecular
T10502	40776-40777	-RRB-	denotes	)
T10503	40778-40781	VBD	denotes	was
T10504	40787-40790	IN	denotes	for
T10505	40791-40798	JJ	denotes	nuclear
T10506	40799-40814	NN	denotes	counterstaining
T10507	40814-40816	,	denotes	,
T10508	40816-40825	VBG	denotes	according
T10509	40826-40828	IN	denotes	to
T10510	40829-40832	DT	denotes	the
T10511	40833-40845	NN	denotes	manufacturer
T10512	40848-40859	NN	denotes	instruction
T10513	40845-40847	POS	denotes	's
T10514	40859-40860	.	denotes	.
T10570	40998-41007	VBN	denotes	described
T10571	41008-41009	-LRB-	denotes	[
T10572	41010-41012	CD	denotes	60
T10573	41012-41013	-RRB-	denotes	]
T10574	41013-41014	.	denotes	.
T10575	41014-41163	sentence	denotes	For FGF9 treatment, 50 ng/ml FGF9 (R&D Systems) was added directly to the culture medium, or an FGF9-loaded bead was placed on the surface of gonad.
T10576	41015-41018	IN	denotes	For
T10577	41067-41072	VBN	denotes	added
T10578	41019-41023	NN	denotes	FGF9
T10579	41024-41033	NN	denotes	treatment
T10580	41033-41035	,	denotes	,
T10581	41035-41037	CD	denotes	50
T10582	41038-41040	NNS	denotes	ng
T10583	41044-41048	NN	denotes	FGF9
T10584	41040-41041	SYM	denotes	/
T10585	41041-41043	NN	denotes	ml
T10586	41049-41050	-LRB-	denotes	(
T10587	41054-41061	NNP	denotes	Systems
T10588	41050-41051	NNP	denotes	R
T10589	41051-41052	CC	denotes	&
T10590	41052-41053	NNP	denotes	D
T10591	41061-41062	-RRB-	denotes	)
T10592	41063-41066	VBD	denotes	was
T10593	41073-41081	RB	denotes	directly
T10594	41082-41084	IN	denotes	to
T10595	41085-41088	DT	denotes	the
T10596	41097-41103	NN	denotes	medium
T10597	41089-41096	NN	denotes	culture
T10598	41103-41105	,	denotes	,
T10599	41105-41107	CC	denotes	or
T10600	41108-41110	DT	denotes	an
T10601	41123-41127	NN	denotes	bead
T10602	41111-41115	NN	denotes	FGF9
T10603	41116-41122	VBN	denotes	loaded
T10604	41115-41116	HYPH	denotes	-
T10605	41132-41138	VBN	denotes	placed
T10606	41128-41131	VBD	denotes	was
T10607	41139-41141	IN	denotes	on
T10608	41142-41145	DT	denotes	the
T10609	41146-41153	NN	denotes	surface
T10610	41154-41156	IN	denotes	of
T10611	41157-41162	NN	denotes	gonad
T10612	41162-41163	.	denotes	.
T10613	41163-41326	sentence	denotes	To coat beads, heparin-agarose beads (Sigma, St. Louis, Missouri, United States) were incubated in 50 μg/ml FGF9 for 2 h, and washed five times in culture medium.
T10614	41164-41166	TO	denotes	To
T10615	41167-41171	VB	denotes	coat
T10616	41250-41259	VBN	denotes	incubated
T10617	41172-41177	NNS	denotes	beads
T10618	41177-41179	,	denotes	,
T10619	41179-41186	NN	denotes	heparin
T10620	41187-41194	NN	denotes	agarose
T10621	41186-41187	HYPH	denotes	-
T10622	41195-41200	NNS	denotes	beads
T10623	41201-41202	-LRB-	denotes	(
T10624	41202-41207	NNP	denotes	Sigma
T10625	41207-41209	,	denotes	,
T10626	41209-41212	NNP	denotes	St.
T10627	41213-41218	NNP	denotes	Louis
T10628	41218-41220	,	denotes	,
T10629	41220-41228	NNP	denotes	Missouri
T10630	41228-41230	,	denotes	,
T10631	41230-41236	NNP	denotes	United
T10632	41237-41243	NNP	denotes	States
T10633	41243-41244	-RRB-	denotes	)
T10634	41245-41249	VBD	denotes	were
T10635	41260-41262	IN	denotes	in
T10636	41263-41265	CD	denotes	50
T10637	41266-41268	NNS	denotes	μg
T10638	41272-41276	NN	denotes	FGF9
T10639	41268-41269	SYM	denotes	/
T10640	41269-41271	NN	denotes	ml
T10641	41277-41280	IN	denotes	for
T10642	41281-41282	CD	denotes	2
T10643	41283-41284	NNS	denotes	h
T10644	41284-41286	,	denotes	,
T10645	41286-41289	CC	denotes	and
T10646	41290-41296	VBN	denotes	washed
T10647	41297-41301	CD	denotes	five
T10648	41302-41307	NNS	denotes	times
T10649	41308-41310	IN	denotes	in
T10650	41311-41318	NN	denotes	culture
T10651	41319-41325	NN	denotes	medium
T10652	41325-41326	.	denotes	.
T10540	40862-40867	NN	denotes	Gonad
T10541	40868-40875	NN	denotes	explant
T10542	40876-40883	NN	denotes	culture
T10543	40883-40884	.	denotes	.
T10544	40884-41014	sentence	denotes	Gonad/mesonephros complexes were dissected at 11.5 dpc and cultured on agar blocks for 36 h at 37 °C, 5% CO 2 as described [ 60].
T10545	40885-40890	NN	denotes	Gonad
T10546	40891-40902	NN	denotes	mesonephros
T10547	40890-40891	HYPH	denotes	/
T10548	40903-40912	NNS	denotes	complexes
T10549	40918-40927	VBN	denotes	dissected
T10550	40913-40917	VBD	denotes	were
T10551	40928-40930	IN	denotes	at
T10552	40931-40935	CD	denotes	11.5
T10553	40936-40939	NN	denotes	dpc
T10554	40940-40943	CC	denotes	and
T10555	40944-40952	VBN	denotes	cultured
T10556	40953-40955	IN	denotes	on
T10557	40956-40960	NN	denotes	agar
T10558	40961-40967	NNS	denotes	blocks
T10559	40968-40971	IN	denotes	for
T10560	40972-40974	CD	denotes	36
T10561	40975-40976	NNS	denotes	h
T10562	40977-40979	IN	denotes	at
T10563	40980-40982	CD	denotes	37
T10564	40983-40985	NN	denotes	°C
T10565	40985-40987	,	denotes	,
T10566	40987-40988	CD	denotes	5
T10567	40988-40989	NN	denotes	%
T10568	40990-40994	NN	denotes	CO 2
T10569	40995-40997	IN	denotes	as
T179	14-17	VBP	denotes	Act
T9498	36270-36274	DT	denotes	This
T9499	36275-36282	VBZ	denotes	results
T9500	36283-36285	IN	denotes	in
T9501	36286-36289	DT	denotes	the
T9502	36295-36305	NN	denotes	regulation
T9503	36290-36294	JJ	denotes	down
T9504	36294-36295	HYPH	denotes	-
T9505	36306-36308	IN	denotes	of
T9506	36309-36313	NN	denotes	Sox9
T9507	36314-36317	CC	denotes	and
T9508	36318-36322	NN	denotes	Fgf9
T9509	36322-36324	,	denotes	,
T9510	36324-36331	VBG	denotes	tilting
T9511	36332-36335	DT	denotes	the
T9512	36336-36343	NN	denotes	balance
T9513	36344-36350	IN	denotes	toward
T9514	36351-36361	NN	denotes	commitment
T9515	36362-36364	IN	denotes	to
T9516	36365-36368	DT	denotes	the
T9517	36376-36383	NN	denotes	pathway
T9518	36369-36375	JJ	denotes	female
T9519	36383-36384	.	denotes	.
T9520	36384-36480	sentence	denotes	Further experiments will be required to define the molecular mechanism of FGF9 and WNT4 action.
T9521	36385-36392	JJ	denotes	Further
T9522	36393-36404	NNS	denotes	experiments
T9523	36413-36421	VBN	denotes	required
T9524	36405-36409	MD	denotes	will
R1	T182	T179	prep	as,Act
R2	T183	T184	amod	Antagonistic,Signals
R3	T184	T182	pobj	Signals,as
R4	T185	T186	aux	to,Regulate
R5	T186	T184	advcl	Regulate,Signals
R6	T187	T188	amod	Mammalian,Determination
R7	T188	T186	dobj	Determination,Regulate
R8	T189	T188	compound	Sex,Determination
R9	T192	T193	det	The,genes
R10	T193	T194	nsubj	genes,coordinate
R11	T195	T193	acl	encoding,genes
R12	T196	T195	dobj	members,encoding
R13	T197	T196	prep	of,members
R14	T198	T199	det	the,families
R15	T199	T197	pobj	families,of
R16	T200	T201	amod	wingless,related
R17	T201	T203	amod	related,site
R18	T202	T201	punct	-,related
R19	T203	T199	nmod	site,families
R20	T204	T205	nmod	MMTV,integration
R21	T205	T203	nmod	integration,site
R22	T206	T203	punct	(,site
R23	T207	T203	appos	WNT,site
R24	T208	T203	punct	),site
R25	T209	T203	cc	and,site
R26	T210	T211	compound	fibroblast,factor
R27	T211	T203	conj	factor,site
R28	T212	T211	compound	growth,factor
R29	T213	T211	punct	(,factor
R30	T214	T211	appos	FGF,factor
R31	T215	T211	punct	),factor
R32	T216	T194	dobj	growth,coordinate
R33	T217	T216	punct	", ",growth
R34	T218	T216	conj	morphogenesis,growth
R35	T219	T218	punct	", ",morphogenesis
R36	T220	T218	cc	and,morphogenesis
R37	T221	T218	conj	differentiation,morphogenesis
R38	T222	T194	prep	in,coordinate
R39	T223	T224	amod	many,fields
R40	T224	T222	pobj	fields,in
R41	T225	T224	prep	of,fields
R42	T226	T225	pobj	cells,of
R43	T227	T194	prep	during,coordinate
R44	T228	T227	pobj	development,during
R45	T229	T194	punct	.,coordinate
R46	T231	T232	prep	In,expressed
R47	T233	T234	det	the,mouse
R48	T234	T231	pobj	mouse,In
R49	T235	T232	punct	", ",expressed
R50	T236	T232	nsubjpass	Fgf9,expressed
R51	T237	T236	cc	and,Fgf9
R52	T238	T236	conj	Wnt4,Fgf9
R53	T239	T232	auxpass	are,expressed
R54	T240	T232	prep	in,expressed
R55	T241	T240	pobj	gonads,in
R56	T242	T241	prep	of,gonads
R57	T243	T244	det	both,sexes
R58	T244	T242	pobj	sexes,of
R59	T245	T246	advmod	prior,to
R60	T246	T232	prep	to,expressed
R61	T247	T248	compound	sex,determination
R62	T248	T246	pobj	determination,to
R63	T249	T232	punct	.,expressed
R64	T251	T252	nsubj	Loss,leads
R65	T253	T251	prep	of,Loss
R66	T254	T253	pobj	Fgf9,of
R67	T255	T252	prep	to,leads
R68	T256	T257	compound	XY,reversal
R69	T257	T255	pobj	reversal,to
R70	T258	T257	compound	sex,reversal
R71	T259	T252	punct	", ",leads
R72	T260	T261	mark	whereas,results
R73	T261	T252	advcl	results,leads
R74	T262	T261	nsubj	loss,results
R75	T263	T262	prep	of,loss
R76	T264	T263	pobj	Wnt4,of
R77	T265	T261	prep	in,results
R78	T266	T267	amod	partial,development
R79	T267	T265	pobj	development,in
R80	T268	T267	compound	testis,development
R81	T269	T261	prep	in,results
R82	T270	T271	compound	XX,gonads
R83	T271	T269	pobj	gonads,in
R84	T272	T252	punct	.,leads
R85	T274	T275	advmod	However,was
R86	T276	T275	punct	", ",was
R87	T277	T278	det	the,relationship
R88	T278	T275	nsubj	relationship,was
R89	T279	T278	prep	between,relationship
R90	T280	T281	det	these,signals
R91	T281	T279	pobj	signals,between
R92	T282	T281	cc	and,signals
R93	T283	T284	det	the,gene
R94	T284	T281	conj	gene,signals
R95	T285	T284	amod	male,gene
R96	T286	T284	nmod	sex,gene
R97	T287	T286	punct	-,sex
R98	T288	T286	amod	determining,sex
R99	T289	T284	punct	", ",gene
R100	T290	T284	appos	Sry,gene
R101	T291	T275	punct	", ",was
R102	T292	T275	acomp	unknown,was
R103	T293	T275	punct	.,was
R104	T295	T296	nsubj	We,show
R105	T297	T296	prep	through,show
R106	T298	T299	nmod	gain,experiments
R107	T299	T297	pobj	experiments,through
R108	T300	T298	punct	-,gain
R109	T301	T298	cc	and,gain
R110	T302	T298	conj	loss,gain
R111	T303	T298	punct	-,gain
R112	T304	T298	prep	of,gain
R113	T305	T304	punct	-,of
R114	T306	T304	pobj	function,of
R115	T307	T308	mark	that,act
R116	T308	T296	ccomp	act,show
R117	T309	T310	compound	fibroblast,factor
R118	T310	T308	nsubj	factor,act
R119	T311	T310	compound	growth,factor
R120	T312	T310	nummod	9,factor
R121	T313	T310	punct	(,factor
R122	T314	T310	appos	FGF9,factor
R123	T315	T310	punct	),factor
R124	T316	T310	cc	and,factor
R125	T317	T310	conj	WNT4,factor
R126	T318	T308	prep	as,act
R127	T319	T320	amod	opposing,signals
R128	T320	T318	pobj	signals,as
R129	T321	T322	aux	to,regulate
R130	T322	T308	advcl	regulate,act
R131	T323	T324	compound	sex,determination
R132	T324	T322	dobj	determination,regulate
R133	T325	T296	punct	.,show
R134	T327	T328	prep	In,initiates
R135	T329	T330	det	the,gonad
R136	T330	T327	pobj	gonad,In
R137	T331	T330	compound	mouse,gonad
R138	T332	T330	compound	XY,gonad
R139	T333	T328	punct	", ",initiates
R140	T334	T328	nsubj	Sry,initiates
R141	T335	T328	advmod	normally,initiates
R142	T336	T337	det	a,loop
R143	T337	T328	dobj	loop,initiates
R144	T338	T337	amod	feed,loop
R145	T339	T338	punct	-,feed
R146	T340	T338	prt	forward,feed
R147	T341	T337	prep	between,loop
R148	T342	T341	pobj	Sox9,between
R149	T343	T342	cc	and,Sox9
R150	T344	T342	conj	Fgf9,Sox9
R151	T345	T337	punct	", ",loop
R152	T346	T347	dep	which,regulates
R153	T347	T337	relcl	regulates,loop
R154	T348	T347	advmod	up,regulates
R155	T349	T347	punct	-,regulates
R156	T350	T347	dobj	Fgf9,regulates
R157	T351	T347	cc	and,regulates
R158	T352	T347	conj	represses,regulates
R159	T353	T352	dobj	Wnt4,represses
R160	T354	T355	aux	to,establish
R161	T355	T347	advcl	establish,regulates
R162	T356	T357	det	the,pathway
R163	T357	T355	dobj	pathway,establish
R164	T358	T357	compound	testis,pathway
R165	T359	T328	punct	.,initiates
R166	T361	T362	advmod	Surprisingly,is
R167	T363	T362	punct	", ",is
R168	T364	T362	nsubj	loss,is
R169	T365	T364	prep	of,loss
R170	T366	T365	pobj	Wnt4,of
R171	T367	T364	prep	in,loss
R172	T368	T369	compound	XX,gonads
R173	T369	T367	pobj	gonads,in
R174	T370	T362	acomp	sufficient,is
R175	T371	T372	aux	to,regulate
R176	T372	T362	advcl	regulate,is
R177	T373	T372	advmod	up,regulate
R178	T374	T372	punct	-,regulate
R179	T375	T372	dobj	Fgf9,regulate
R180	T376	T375	cc	and,Fgf9
R181	T377	T375	conj	Sox9,Fgf9
R182	T378	T372	prep	in,regulate
R183	T379	T380	det	the,absence
R184	T380	T378	pobj	absence,in
R185	T381	T380	prep	of,absence
R186	T382	T381	pobj	Sry,of
R187	T383	T362	punct	.,is
R188	T385	T386	det	These,data
R189	T386	T387	nsubj	data,suggest
R190	T388	T389	mark	that,controlled
R191	T389	T387	ccomp	controlled,suggest
R192	T390	T391	det	the,fate
R193	T391	T389	nsubjpass	fate,controlled
R194	T392	T391	prep	of,fate
R195	T393	T394	det	the,gonad
R196	T394	T392	pobj	gonad,of
R197	T395	T389	auxpass	is,controlled
R198	T396	T389	prep	by,controlled
R199	T397	T396	pobj	antagonism,by
R200	T398	T397	prep	between,antagonism
R201	T399	T398	pobj	Fgf9,between
R202	T400	T399	cc	and,Fgf9
R203	T401	T399	conj	Wnt4,Fgf9
R204	T402	T387	punct	.,suggest
R205	T404	T405	det	The,role
R206	T405	T406	nsubj	role,is
R207	T407	T405	prep	of,role
R208	T408	T409	det	the,switch
R209	T409	T407	pobj	switch,of
R210	T410	T409	amod	male,switch
R211	T411	T409	nmod	sex,switch
R212	T412	T411	punct	-,sex
R213	T413	T411	amod	determining,sex
R214	T414	T409	punct	—,switch
R215	T415	T409	appos	Sry,switch
R216	T416	T415	prep	in,Sry
R217	T417	T418	det	the,case
R218	T418	T416	pobj	case,in
R219	T419	T418	prep	of,case
R220	T420	T419	pobj	mammals,of
R221	T421	T406	punct	—,is
R222	T422	T423	aux	to,tip
R223	T423	T406	xcomp	tip,is
R224	T424	T425	det	the,balance
R225	T425	T423	dobj	balance,tip
R226	T426	T425	prep	between,balance
R227	T427	T428	det	these,signals
R228	T428	T426	pobj	signals,between
R229	T429	T428	amod	underlying,signals
R230	T430	T428	compound	patterning,signals
R231	T431	T406	punct	.,is
R232	T433	T434	prep	In,operate
R233	T435	T433	amod	principle,In
R234	T436	T434	punct	", ",operate
R235	T437	T438	compound	sex,determination
R236	T438	T434	nsubj	determination,operate
R237	T439	T438	prep	in,determination
R238	T440	T441	amod	other,vertebrates
R239	T441	T439	pobj	vertebrates,in
R240	T442	T434	aux	may,operate
R241	T443	T434	prep	through,operate
R242	T444	T445	det	any,switch
R243	T445	T443	pobj	switch,through
R244	T446	T447	dep	that,introduces
R245	T447	T445	relcl	introduces,switch
R246	T448	T449	det	an,imbalance
R247	T449	T447	dobj	imbalance,introduces
R248	T450	T449	prep	between,imbalance
R249	T451	T452	det	these,pathways
R250	T452	T450	pobj	pathways,between
R251	T453	T452	nummod	two,pathways
R252	T454	T452	compound	signaling,pathways
R253	T455	T434	punct	.,operate
R265	T1206	T1207	det	The,development
R266	T1207	T1208	nsubj	development,is
R267	T1209	T1207	prep	of,development
R268	T1210	T1211	advmod	sexually,dimorphic
R269	T1211	T1212	amod	dimorphic,organs
R270	T1212	T1209	pobj	organs,of
R271	T1213	T1212	amod	reproductive,organs
R272	T1214	T1215	det	a,feature
R273	T1215	T1208	attr	feature,is
R274	T1216	T1215	amod	common,feature
R275	T1217	T1208	prep	among,is
R276	T1218	T1219	compound	animal,species
R277	T1219	T1217	pobj	species,among
R278	T1220	T1208	punct	.,is
R279	T1222	T1223	det	The,testis
R280	T1223	T1224	nsubj	testis,represent
R281	T1225	T1223	cc	and,testis
R282	T1226	T1223	conj	ovary,testis
R283	T1227	T1228	nummod	two,pathways
R284	T1228	T1224	dobj	pathways,represent
R285	T1229	T1228	amod	divergent,pathways
R286	T1230	T1228	prep	of,pathways
R287	T1231	T1230	pobj	development,of
R288	T1232	T1228	prep	from,pathways
R289	T1233	T1234	det	the,gonad
R290	T1234	T1232	pobj	gonad,from
R291	T1235	T1234	amod	bipotential,gonad
R292	T1236	T1234	amod	embryonic,gonad
R293	T1237	T1224	punct	.,represent
R294	T1239	T1240	det	The,switch
R295	T1240	T1241	nsubj	switch,is
R296	T1241	T1249	ccomp	is,are
R297	T1242	T1243	dep	that,initiates
R298	T1243	T1240	relcl	initiates,switch
R299	T1244	T1245	amod	divergent,development
R300	T1245	T1243	dobj	development,initiates
R301	T1246	T1245	prep	of,development
R302	T1247	T1248	det	the,gonad
R303	T1248	T1246	pobj	gonad,of
R304	T1250	T1251	advmod	highly,diverse
R305	T1251	T1241	acomp	diverse,is
R306	T1252	T1241	prep	among,is
R307	T1253	T1252	pobj	species,among
R308	T1254	T1249	punct	;,are
R309	T1255	T1249	advmod	however,are
R310	T1256	T1249	punct	", ",are
R311	T1257	T1258	det	the,mechanisms
R312	T1258	T1249	nsubj	mechanisms,are
R313	T1259	T1258	amod	underlying,mechanisms
R314	T1260	T1261	dep	that,lead
R315	T1261	T1258	relcl	lead,mechanisms
R316	T1262	T1261	prep	to,lead
R317	T1263	T1264	det	the,establishment
R318	T1264	T1262	pobj	establishment,to
R319	T1265	T1264	prep	of,establishment
R320	T1266	T1267	nmod	ovary,pathways
R321	T1267	T1265	pobj	pathways,of
R322	T1268	T1266	cc	or,ovary
R323	T1269	T1266	conj	testis,ovary
R324	T1270	T1249	acomp	likely,are
R325	T1271	T1272	aux	to,conserved
R326	T1272	T1270	xcomp	conserved,likely
R327	T1273	T1272	auxpass	be,conserved
R328	T1274	T1249	punct	.,are
R329	T1276	T1277	prep	In,made
R330	T1278	T1279	det	all,species
R331	T1279	T1276	pobj	species,In
R332	T1280	T1277	punct	", ",made
R333	T1281	T1282	det	the,gonad
R334	T1282	T1277	nsubjpass	gonad,made
R335	T1283	T1282	amod	embryonic,gonad
R336	T1284	T1277	auxpass	is,made
R337	T1285	T1277	prt	up,made
R338	T1286	T1277	prep	of,made
R339	T1287	T1288	det	a,population
R340	T1288	T1286	pobj	population,of
R341	T1289	T1288	amod	mixed,population
R342	T1290	T1288	prep	of,population
R343	T1291	T1292	compound	germ,cells
R344	T1292	T1290	pobj	cells,of
R345	T1293	T1292	cc	and,cells
R346	T1294	T1295	amod	somatic,cells
R347	T1295	T1292	conj	cells,cells
R348	T1296	T1277	punct	.,made
R349	T1298	T1299	det	This,tissue
R350	T1299	T1300	nsubj	tissue,is
R351	T1301	T1300	acomp	remarkable,is
R352	T1302	T1303	mark	in,believed
R353	T1303	T1300	advcl	believed,is
R354	T1304	T1303	mark	that,believed
R355	T1305	T1303	nsubjpass	all,believed
R356	T1306	T1305	prep	of,all
R357	T1307	T1308	poss	its,cells
R358	T1308	T1306	pobj	cells,of
R359	T1309	T1303	auxpass	are,believed
R360	T1310	T1311	aux	to,be
R361	T1311	T1303	xcomp	be,believed
R362	T1312	T1311	acomp	bipotential,be
R363	T1313	T1303	punct	", ",believed
R364	T1314	T1303	cc	and,believed
R365	T1315	T1316	aux	can,differentiate
R366	T1316	T1303	conj	differentiate,believed
R367	T1317	T1316	prep	into,differentiate
R368	T1318	T1319	amod	ovarian,lineages
R369	T1319	T1317	pobj	lineages,into
R370	T1320	T1318	cc	or,ovarian
R371	T1321	T1318	conj	testicular,ovarian
R372	T1322	T1323	punct	[,2
R373	T1323	T1300	parataxis	2,is
R374	T1324	T1323	nummod	1,2
R375	T1325	T1323	punct	",",2
R376	T1326	T1323	punct	],2
R377	T1327	T1300	punct	.,is
R378	T1329	T1330	advcl	Consistent,expressed
R379	T1331	T1329	prep	with,Consistent
R380	T1332	T1333	det	the,idea
R381	T1333	T1331	pobj	idea,with
R382	T1334	T1335	mark	that,poised
R383	T1335	T1333	acl	poised,idea
R384	T1336	T1335	nsubjpass	cells,poised
R385	T1337	T1336	prep	in,cells
R386	T1338	T1339	det	this,primordium
R387	T1339	T1337	pobj	primordium,in
R388	T1340	T1335	auxpass	are,poised
R389	T1341	T1335	prep	between,poised
R390	T1342	T1343	nummod	two,pathways
R391	T1343	T1341	pobj	pathways,between
R392	T1344	T1343	amod	developmental,pathways
R393	T1345	T1330	punct	", ",expressed
R394	T1346	T1330	nsubjpass	some,expressed
R395	T1347	T1346	prep	of,some
R396	T1348	T1349	det	the,genes
R397	T1349	T1347	pobj	genes,of
R398	T1350	T1351	dep	that,involved
R399	T1351	T1349	relcl	involved,genes
R400	T1352	T1351	auxpass	are,involved
R401	T1353	T1351	prep	in,involved
R402	T1354	T1353	pcomp	establishing,in
R403	T1355	T1356	amod	sexual,dimorphism
R404	T1356	T1354	dobj	dimorphism,establishing
R405	T1357	T1346	punct	", ",some
R406	T1358	T1346	prep	including,some
R407	T1359	T1358	pobj	Dax1,including
R408	T1360	T1361	punct	(,region
R409	T1361	T1359	appos	region,Dax1
R410	T1362	T1363	npadvmod	dosage,sensitive
R411	T1363	T1361	amod	sensitive,region
R412	T1364	T1363	punct	-,sensitive
R413	T1365	T1366	compound	sex,reversal
R414	T1366	T1367	npadvmod	reversal,congenital
R415	T1367	T1361	amod	congenital,region
R416	T1368	T1367	punct	-,congenital
R417	T1369	T1361	amod	adrenal,region
R418	T1370	T1361	nmod	hypoplasia,region
R419	T1371	T1361	amod	critical,region
R420	T1372	T1361	prep	on,region
R421	T1373	T1374	det	the,protein
R422	T1374	T1372	pobj	protein,on
R423	T1375	T1376	compound	X,chromosome
R424	T1376	T1374	compound	chromosome,protein
R425	T1377	T1374	nummod	1,protein
R426	T1378	T1361	punct	),region
R427	T1379	T1359	punct	", ",Dax1
R428	T1380	T1359	conj	Sox9,Dax1
R429	T1381	T1380	punct	(,Sox9
R430	T1382	T1383	nmod	Sry,box
R431	T1383	T1380	appos	box,Sox9
R432	T1384	T1382	punct	-,Sry
R433	T1385	T1382	amod	like,Sry
R434	T1386	T1383	compound	HMG,box
R435	T1387	T1383	nummod	9,box
R436	T1388	T1380	punct	),Sox9
R437	T1389	T1380	punct	", ",Sox9
R438	T1390	T1380	conj	Fgf9,Sox9
R439	T1391	T1390	punct	(,Fgf9
R440	T1392	T1393	compound	fibroblast,factor
R441	T1393	T1390	appos	factor,Fgf9
R442	T1394	T1393	compound	growth,factor
R443	T1395	T1393	nummod	9,factor
R444	T1396	T1390	punct	),Fgf9
R445	T1397	T1390	punct	", ",Fgf9
R446	T1398	T1390	cc	and,Fgf9
R447	T1399	T1390	conj	Wnt4,Fgf9
R448	T1400	T1399	punct	(,Wnt4
R449	T1401	T1402	amod	wingless,related
R450	T1402	T1404	amod	related,site
R451	T1403	T1402	punct	-,related
R452	T1404	T1399	appos	site,Wnt4
R453	T1405	T1404	compound	MMTV,site
R454	T1406	T1404	compound	integration,site
R455	T1407	T1404	nummod	4,site
R456	T1408	T1330	punct	),expressed
R457	T1409	T1330	punct	", ",expressed
R458	T1410	T1330	auxpass	are,expressed
R459	T1411	T1330	advmod	initially,expressed
R460	T1412	T1330	prep	in,expressed
R461	T1413	T1414	amod	similar,patterns
R462	T1414	T1412	pobj	patterns,in
R463	T1415	T1330	prep	in,expressed
R464	T1416	T1417	nmod	XX,gonads
R465	T1417	T1415	pobj	gonads,in
R466	T1418	T1416	cc	and,XX
R467	T1419	T1416	conj	XY,XX
R468	T1420	T1421	punct	[,3
R469	T1421	T1330	parataxis	3,expressed
R470	T1422	T1423	punct	–,8
R471	T1423	T1421	prep	8,3
R472	T1424	T1421	punct	],3
R473	T1425	T1330	punct	.,expressed
R474	T1427	T1428	det	The,view
R475	T1428	T1430	nsubj	view,is
R476	T1429	T1428	amod	conventional,view
R477	T1431	T1428	prep	of,view
R478	T1432	T1433	amod	mammalian,determination
R479	T1433	T1431	pobj	determination,of
R480	T1434	T1433	compound	sex,determination
R481	T1435	T1436	mark	that,is
R482	T1436	T1430	advcl	is,is
R483	T1437	T1438	det	the,pathway
R484	T1438	T1436	nsubj	pathway,is
R485	T1439	T1438	amod	basic,pathway
R486	T1440	T1438	prep	of,pathway
R487	T1441	T1442	compound	organ,development
R488	T1442	T1440	pobj	development,of
R489	T1443	T1436	acomp	ovarian,is
R490	T1444	T1436	punct	", ",is
R491	T1445	T1436	cc	and,is
R492	T1446	T1447	mark	that,operates
R493	T1447	T1436	conj	operates,is
R494	T1448	T1449	det	the,gene
R495	T1449	T1447	nsubj	gene,operates
R496	T1450	T1449	nmod	testis,gene
R497	T1451	T1450	punct	-,testis
R498	T1452	T1450	amod	determining,testis
R499	T1453	T1447	prep	by,operates
R500	T1454	T1453	pcomp	diverting,by
R501	T1455	T1456	det	this,program
R502	T1456	T1454	dobj	program,diverting
R503	T1457	T1454	prep	toward,diverting
R504	T1458	T1459	compound	testis,development
R505	T1459	T1457	pobj	development,toward
R506	T1460	T1454	prep	by,diverting
R507	T1461	T1462	advmod	simultaneously,influencing
R508	T1462	T1460	pcomp	influencing,by
R509	T1463	T1464	det	the,fate
R510	T1464	T1462	dobj	fate,influencing
R511	T1465	T1464	prep	of,fate
R512	T1466	T1467	det	the,lineage
R513	T1467	T1465	pobj	lineage,of
R514	T1468	T1467	amod	key,lineage
R515	T1469	T1470	amod	supporting,cell
R516	T1470	T1467	compound	cell,lineage
R517	T1471	T1462	cc	and,influencing
R518	T1472	T1462	conj	initiating,influencing
R519	T1473	T1474	det	a,program
R520	T1474	T1472	dobj	program,initiating
R521	T1475	T1476	amod	male,specific
R522	T1476	T1474	amod	specific,program
R523	T1477	T1476	punct	-,specific
R524	T1478	T1474	amod	morphogenetic,program
R525	T1479	T1430	punct	.,is
R526	T1481	T1482	nsubj	All,suggests
R527	T1483	T1481	prep	of,All
R528	T1484	T1485	det	the,evidence
R529	T1485	T1483	pobj	evidence,of
R530	T1486	T1485	amod	experimental,evidence
R531	T1487	T1488	mark	that,are
R532	T1488	T1482	ccomp	are,suggests
R533	T1489	T1490	det	these,processes
R534	T1490	T1488	nsubj	processes,are
R535	T1491	T1490	nummod	two,processes
R536	T1492	T1493	advmod	closely,interwoven
R537	T1493	T1488	acomp	interwoven,are
R538	T1494	T1482	punct	.,suggests
R539	T1496	T1497	prep	For,appear
R540	T1498	T1496	pobj	example,For
R541	T1499	T1497	punct	", ",appear
R542	T1500	T1501	preconj	both,proliferation
R543	T1501	T1497	nsubj	proliferation,appear
R544	T1502	T1503	punct	[,9
R545	T1503	T1501	parataxis	9,proliferation
R546	T1504	T1503	punct	],9
R547	T1505	T1501	cc	and,proliferation
R548	T1506	T1501	conj	migration,proliferation
R549	T1507	T1501	prep	of,proliferation
R550	T1508	T1507	pobj	cells,of
R551	T1509	T1510	aux	to,trigger
R552	T1510	T1501	advcl	trigger,proliferation
R553	T1511	T1512	compound	testis,formation
R554	T1512	T1510	dobj	formation,trigger
R555	T1513	T1512	compound	cord,formation
R556	T1514	T1515	punct	[,11
R557	T1515	T1501	parataxis	11,proliferation
R558	T1516	T1515	nummod	10,11
R559	T1517	T1515	punct	",",11
R560	T1518	T1515	punct	],11
R561	T1519	T1520	aux	to,be
R562	T1520	T1497	xcomp	be,appear
R563	T1521	T1522	advmod	closely,integrated
R564	T1522	T1520	acomp	integrated,be
R565	T1523	T1522	prep	with,integrated
R566	T1524	T1525	compound	Sertoli,cell
R567	T1525	T1526	compound	cell,differentiation
R568	T1526	T1523	pobj	differentiation,with
R569	T1527	T1497	punct	.,appear
R570	T1529	T1530	nsubj	Sry,is
R571	T1531	T1529	punct	", ",Sry
R572	T1532	T1533	det	a,gene
R573	T1533	T1529	appos	gene,Sry
R574	T1534	T1535	compound	Y,chromosome
R575	T1535	T1536	npadvmod	chromosome,linked
R576	T1536	T1533	amod	linked,gene
R577	T1537	T1536	punct	-,linked
R578	T1538	T1530	punct	", ",is
R579	T1539	T1540	det	the,gene
R580	T1540	T1530	attr	gene,is
R581	T1541	T1540	amod	primary,gene
R582	T1542	T1543	npadvmod	sex,determining
R583	T1543	T1540	amod	determining,gene
R584	T1544	T1543	punct	-,determining
R585	T1545	T1530	prep	in,is
R586	T1546	T1545	pobj	mammals,in
R587	T1547	T1548	punct	[,12
R588	T1548	T1530	parataxis	12,is
R589	T1549	T1550	punct	–,14
R590	T1550	T1548	prep	14,12
R591	T1551	T1548	punct	],12
R592	T1552	T1530	punct	.,is
R593	T1554	T1555	prep	In,follow
R594	T1556	T1557	det	the,absence
R595	T1557	T1554	pobj	absence,In
R596	T1558	T1557	prep	of,absence
R597	T1559	T1560	compound	Sry,expression
R598	T1560	T1558	pobj	expression,of
R599	T1561	T1557	punct	—,absence
R600	T1562	T1557	prep	in,absence
R601	T1563	T1564	compound	XX,embryos
R602	T1564	T1562	pobj	embryos,in
R603	T1565	T1562	punct	", ",in
R604	T1566	T1562	cc	or,in
R605	T1567	T1562	conj	in,in
R606	T1568	T1569	compound	XY,embryos
R607	T1569	T1567	pobj	embryos,in
R608	T1570	T1569	acl	carrying,embryos
R609	T1571	T1572	det	a,deletion
R610	T1572	T1570	dobj	deletion,carrying
R611	T1573	T1572	prep	of,deletion
R612	T1574	T1573	pobj	Sry,of
R613	T1575	T1555	punct	—,follow
R614	T1576	T1555	nsubj	cells,follow
R615	T1577	T1576	prep	in,cells
R616	T1578	T1579	det	the,gonad
R617	T1579	T1577	pobj	gonad,in
R618	T1580	T1581	det	an,pathway
R619	T1581	T1555	dobj	pathway,follow
R620	T1582	T1583	amod	ovarian,differentiation
R621	T1583	T1581	compound	differentiation,pathway
R622	T1584	T1555	punct	.,follow
R623	T1586	T1587	amod	Genetic,evidence
R624	T1587	T1588	nsubj	evidence,indicate
R625	T1589	T1587	prep	from,evidence
R626	T1590	T1591	amod	chimeric,mice
R627	T1591	T1589	pobj	mice,from
R628	T1592	T1593	punct	[,15
R629	T1593	T1587	parataxis	15,evidence
R630	T1594	T1593	punct	],15
R631	T1595	T1587	punct	", ",evidence
R632	T1596	T1587	cc	and,evidence
R633	T1597	T1598	compound	expression,studies
R634	T1598	T1587	conj	studies,evidence
R635	T1599	T1598	acl	using,studies
R636	T1600	T1601	compound	reporter,transgenes
R637	T1601	T1599	dobj	transgenes,using
R638	T1602	T1603	punct	[,16
R639	T1603	T1598	parataxis	16,studies
R640	T1604	T1603	nummod	2,16
R641	T1605	T1603	punct	",",16
R642	T1606	T1603	punct	],16
R643	T1607	T1588	punct	", ",indicate
R644	T1608	T1609	mark	that,required
R645	T1609	T1588	ccomp	required,indicate
R646	T1610	T1611	compound	Sry,expression
R647	T1611	T1609	nsubjpass	expression,required
R648	T1612	T1609	auxpass	is,required
R649	T1613	T1614	advmod	only,in
R650	T1614	T1609	prep	in,required
R651	T1615	T1614	pobj	precursors,in
R652	T1616	T1615	prep	of,precursors
R653	T1617	T1618	det	the,lineage
R654	T1618	T1616	pobj	lineage,of
R655	T1619	T1618	amod	somatic,lineage
R656	T1620	T1618	compound	supporting,lineage
R657	T1621	T1618	compound	cell,lineage
R658	T1622	T1588	punct	.,indicate
R659	T1624	T1625	nsubj	Expression,leads
R660	T1626	T1624	prep	of,Expression
R661	T1627	T1626	pobj	Sry,of
R662	T1628	T1624	prep	in,Expression
R663	T1629	T1630	det	these,cells
R664	T1630	T1628	pobj	cells,in
R665	T1631	T1630	amod	bipotential,cells
R666	T1632	T1625	prep	to,leads
R667	T1633	T1634	poss	their,differentiation
R668	T1634	T1632	pobj	differentiation,to
R669	T1635	T1634	prep	as,differentiation
R670	T1636	T1637	npadvmod	testis,specific
R671	T1637	T1639	amod	specific,cells
R672	T1638	T1637	punct	-,specific
R673	T1639	T1635	pobj	cells,as
R674	T1640	T1639	compound	Sertoli,cells
R675	T1641	T1635	cc	rather,as
R676	T1642	T1641	dep	than,rather
R677	T1643	T1635	conj	as,as
R678	T1644	T1645	compound	follicle,cells
R679	T1645	T1643	pobj	cells,as
R680	T1646	T1645	punct	", ",cells
R681	T1647	T1648	det	the,type
R682	T1648	T1645	appos	type,cells
R683	T1649	T1648	amod	parallel,type
R684	T1650	T1648	compound	cell,type
R685	T1651	T1648	prep	of,type
R686	T1652	T1653	det	the,ovary
R687	T1653	T1651	pobj	ovary,of
R688	T1654	T1655	punct	[,2
R689	T1655	T1625	parataxis	2,leads
R690	T1656	T1655	punct	],2
R691	T1657	T1625	punct	.,leads
R692	T1659	T1660	nsubjpass	It,believed
R693	T1661	T1660	auxpass	is,believed
R694	T1662	T1663	mark	that,is
R695	T1663	T1660	ccomp	is,believed
R696	T1664	T1665	det	the,cell
R697	T1665	T1663	nsubj	cell,is
R698	T1666	T1665	compound	Sertoli,cell
R699	T1667	T1668	det	the,type
R700	T1668	T1663	attr	type,is
R701	T1669	T1668	amod	first,type
R702	T1670	T1668	compound	cell,type
R703	T1671	T1672	aux	to,differentiate
R704	T1672	T1668	advcl	differentiate,type
R705	T1673	T1672	prep	in,differentiate
R706	T1674	T1675	det	the,gonad
R707	T1675	T1673	pobj	gonad,in
R708	T1676	T1677	punct	[,17
R709	T1677	T1663	parataxis	17,is
R710	T1678	T1677	punct	],17
R711	T1679	T1660	punct	.,believed
R712	T1681	T1682	expl	There,is
R713	T1683	T1684	amod	substantial,evidence
R714	T1684	T1682	attr	evidence,is
R715	T1685	T1686	mark	that,required
R717	T1687	T1688	det	a,number
R718	T1688	T1686	nsubjpass	number,required
R719	T1689	T1688	amod	critical,number
R720	T1690	T1688	compound	threshold,number
R721	T1691	T1688	prep	of,number
R722	T1692	T1693	compound	Sertoli,cells
R723	T1693	T1691	pobj	cells,of
R724	T1694	T1686	auxpass	is,required
R725	T1695	T1696	aux	to,establish
R726	T1696	T1686	advcl	establish,required
R727	T1697	T1698	compound	testis,differentiation
R728	T1698	T1696	dobj	differentiation,establish
R729	T1699	T1700	punct	[,15
R730	T1700	T1682	parataxis	15,is
R731	T1701	T1700	nummod	9,15
R732	T1702	T1700	punct	",",15
R733	T1703	T1700	punct	",",15
R734	T1704	T1700	appos	18,15
R735	T1705	T1706	punct	–,20
R736	T1706	T1704	prep	20,18
R737	T1707	T1700	punct	],15
R738	T1708	T1682	punct	.,is
R739	T1710	T1711	prep	In,ensues
R740	T1712	T1710	pobj	cases,In
R741	T1713	T1714	advmod	where,reached
R742	T1714	T1712	relcl	reached,cases
R743	T1715	T1716	det	this,threshold
R744	T1716	T1714	nsubjpass	threshold,reached
R745	T1717	T1714	auxpass	is,reached
R746	T1718	T1714	neg	not,reached
R747	T1719	T1711	punct	", ",ensues
R748	T1720	T1721	compound	ovary,differentiation
R749	T1721	T1711	nsubj	differentiation,ensues
R750	T1722	T1711	punct	.,ensues
R751	T1724	T1725	mark	Once,begins
R752	T1725	T1728	advcl	begins,begin
R753	T1726	T1727	compound	Sry,expression
R754	T1727	T1725	nsubj	expression,begins
R755	T1729	T1728	punct	", ",begin
R756	T1730	T1731	compound	expression,patterns
R757	T1731	T1728	nsubj	patterns,begin
R758	T1732	T1731	prep	of,patterns
R759	T1733	T1734	amod	other,genes
R760	T1734	T1732	pobj	genes,of
R761	T1735	T1731	prep	in,patterns
R762	T1736	T1737	det	the,gonad
R763	T1737	T1735	pobj	gonad,in
R764	T1738	T1739	aux	to,diverge
R765	T1739	T1728	xcomp	diverge,begin
R766	T1740	T1728	punct	.,begin
R767	T1742	T1743	det	The,gene
R768	T1743	T1745	nsubj	gene,is
R769	T1744	T1743	amod	first,gene
R770	T1746	T1743	advmod	downstream,gene
R771	T1747	T1746	prep	of,downstream
R772	T1748	T1747	pobj	Sry,of
R773	T1749	T1743	acl	known,gene
R774	T1750	T1751	aux	to,show
R775	T1751	T1749	xcomp	show,known
R776	T1752	T1753	amod	male,specific
R777	T1753	T1755	amod	specific,regulation
R778	T1754	T1753	punct	-,specific
R779	T1755	T1751	dobj	regulation,show
R780	T1756	T1755	amod	up,regulation
R781	T1757	T1755	punct	-,regulation
R782	T1758	T1751	prep	in,show
R783	T1759	T1760	compound	Sertoli,cell
R784	T1760	T1761	compound	cell,precursors
R785	T1761	T1758	pobj	precursors,in
R786	T1762	T1763	det	a,gene
R787	T1763	T1745	attr	gene,is
R788	T1764	T1763	amod	related,gene
R789	T1765	T1763	acl	expressed,gene
R790	T1766	T1765	prep	in,expressed
R791	T1767	T1768	amod	many,tissues
R792	T1768	T1766	pobj	tissues,in
R793	T1769	T1765	prep	in,expressed
R794	T1770	T1771	det	the,embryo
R795	T1771	T1769	pobj	embryo,in
R796	T1772	T1771	amod	developing,embryo
R797	T1773	T1763	punct	", ",gene
R798	T1774	T1763	appos	Sox9,gene
R799	T1775	T1745	punct	.,is
R800	T1777	T1778	nsubj	Disruption,causes
R801	T1779	T1777	prep	of,Disruption
R802	T1780	T1781	compound	Sox9,expression
R803	T1781	T1779	pobj	expression,of
R804	T1782	T1777	prep	in,Disruption
R805	T1783	T1784	det	the,gonad
R806	T1784	T1782	pobj	gonad,in
R807	T1785	T1784	compound	XY,gonad
R808	T1786	T1787	nmod	male,reversal
R809	T1787	T1778	dobj	reversal,causes
R810	T1788	T1786	punct	-,male
R811	T1789	T1786	prep	to,male
R812	T1790	T1789	punct	-,to
R813	T1791	T1789	pobj	female,to
R814	T1792	T1787	compound	sex,reversal
R815	T1793	T1794	punct	[,22
R816	T1794	T1787	parataxis	22,reversal
R817	T1795	T1794	nummod	21,22
R818	T1796	T1794	punct	",",22
R819	T1797	T1794	punct	],22
R820	T1798	T1778	punct	", ",causes
R821	T1799	T1800	mark	whereas,leads
R822	T1800	T1778	advcl	leads,causes
R823	T1801	T1800	csubj	increasing,leads
R824	T1802	T1803	det	the,dose
R825	T1803	T1801	dobj	dose,increasing
R826	T1804	T1803	prep	of,dose
R827	T1805	T1804	pobj	Sox9,of
R828	T1806	T1803	prep	in,dose
R829	T1807	T1808	det	the,gonad
R830	T1808	T1806	pobj	gonad,in
R831	T1809	T1808	compound	XX,gonad
R832	T1810	T1800	prep	to,leads
R833	T1811	T1812	compound	testis,development
R834	T1812	T1810	pobj	development,to
R835	T1813	T1814	punct	[,23
R836	T1814	T1800	parataxis	23,leads
R837	T1815	T1816	punct	–,25
R838	T1816	T1814	prep	25,23
R839	T1817	T1814	punct	],23
R840	T1818	T1778	punct	.,causes
R841	T1820	T1821	det	These,studies
R842	T1859	T1860	prep	In,regulated
R843	T1821	T1822	nsubj	studies,indicate
R844	T1823	T1824	mark	that,plays
R845	T1861	T1859	pobj	mammals,In
R846	T1862	T1860	punct	", ",regulated
R847	T1824	T1822	ccomp	plays,indicate
R848	T1863	T1860	nsubjpass	Sox9,regulated
R849	T1864	T1860	auxpass	is,regulated
R850	T1825	T1824	nsubj	Sox9,plays
R851	T1865	T1860	advmod	up,regulated
R852	T1866	T1860	punct	-,regulated
R853	T1867	T1868	advmod	immediately,initiates
R854	T1868	T1860	advcl	initiates,regulated
R855	T1826	T1827	det	a,role
R856	T1869	T1868	mark	after,initiates
R857	T1870	T1871	compound	Sry,expression
R858	T1871	T1868	nsubj	expression,initiates
R859	T1827	T1824	dobj	role,plays
R860	T1872	T1860	punct	.,regulated
R861	T1828	T1827	amod	central,role
R862	T1874	T1875	nsubj	Experiments,demonstrated
R863	T1876	T1874	acl	tracing,Experiments
R864	T1829	T1824	prep	in,plays
R865	T1877	T1878	nmod	Sry,cells
R866	T1878	T1876	dobj	cells,tracing
R867	T1830	T1831	compound	sex,determination
R868	T1879	T1877	punct	-,Sry
R869	T1880	T1877	amod	expressing,Sry
R870	T1831	T1829	pobj	determination,in
R871	T1881	T1876	advcl	using,tracing
R872	T1882	T1883	det	a,reporter
R873	T1832	T1822	punct	.,indicate
R874	T1883	T1881	dobj	reporter,using
R875	T1884	T1883	amod	stable,reporter
R876	T1885	T1886	mark	that,are
R877	T1834	T1835	prep	Unlike,known
R878	T1886	T1875	ccomp	are,demonstrated
R879	T1887	T1888	mark	once,established
R880	T1888	T1886	advcl	established,are
R881	T1889	T1890	compound	testis,differentiation
R882	T1836	T1834	pobj	Sry,Unlike
R883	T1890	T1888	nsubjpass	differentiation,established
R884	T1891	T1888	auxpass	is,established
R885	T1892	T1886	punct	", ",are
R886	T1893	T1894	det	all,cells
R887	T1894	T1886	nsubj	cells,are
R888	T1895	T1894	compound	Sertoli,cells
R889	T1837	T1836	punct	", ",Sry
R890	T1896	T1897	dep	that,express
R891	T1897	T1894	relcl	express,cells
R892	T1898	T1897	dobj	Sox9,express
R893	T1899	T1886	attr	descendants,are
R894	T1838	T1839	dep	which,is
R895	T1900	T1899	prep	of,descendants
R896	T1901	T1900	pobj	cells,of
R897	T1902	T1903	dep	that,expressed
R898	T1839	T1836	relcl	is,Sry
R899	T1903	T1901	relcl	expressed,cells
R900	T1904	T1903	aux	have,expressed
R901	T1840	T1839	acomp	specific,is
R902	T1905	T1903	dobj	Sry,expressed
R903	T1906	T1907	punct	[,16
R904	T1907	T1886	parataxis	16,are
R905	T1841	T1840	prep	to,specific
R906	T1908	T1907	punct	],16
R907	T1909	T1875	punct	", ",demonstrated
R908	T1910	T1875	advcl	suggesting,demonstrated
R909	T1842	T1841	pobj	mammals,to
R910	T1843	T1835	punct	", ",known
R911	T1911	T1912	mark	that,is
R912	T1844	T1835	nsubjpass	expression,known
R913	T1912	T1910	ccomp	is,suggesting
R914	T1913	T1912	nsubj	activation,is
R915	T1914	T1913	prep	of,activation
R916	T1845	T1844	prep	of,expression
R917	T1915	T1914	pobj	Sox9,of
R918	T1916	T1917	det	a,effect
R919	T1846	T1845	pobj	Sox9,of
R920	T1917	T1912	attr	effect,is
R921	T1918	T1919	npadvmod	cell,autonomous
R922	T1847	T1835	auxpass	is,known
R923	T1919	T1917	amod	autonomous,effect
R925	T1848	T1849	aux	to,conserved
R926	T1921	T1917	prep	of,effect
R927	T1922	T1921	pobj	Sry,of
R928	T1923	T1875	punct	.,demonstrated
R929	T1849	T1835	xcomp	conserved,known
R931	T1850	T1849	auxpass	be,conserved
R932	T1927	T1926	punct	", ",resulted
R933	T1851	T1849	prep	in,conserved
R934	T1928	T1926	nsubj	mutations,resulted
R935	T1852	T1853	det	the,gonad
R936	T1929	T1928	prep	in,mutations
R937	T1930	T1931	amod	several,pathways
R938	T1853	T1851	pobj	gonad,in
R939	T1931	T1929	pobj	pathways,in
R940	T1932	T1931	compound	signaling,pathways
R941	T1854	T1853	prep	of,gonad
R942	T1933	T1931	prep	including,pathways
R943	T1934	T1933	pobj	Fgf9,including
R944	T1855	T1856	amod	many,species
R945	T1935	T1934	cc	and,Fgf9
R946	T1936	T1937	compound	Igf1r,Ir
R947	T1937	T1934	conj	Ir,Fgf9
R948	T1856	T1854	pobj	species,of
R949	T1938	T1937	punct	/,Ir
R950	T1939	T1937	compound	Irr,Ir
R951	T1940	T1937	punct	/,Ir
R952	T1857	T1835	punct	.,known
R953	T1941	T1937	punct	(,Ir
R954	T1942	T1943	npadvmod	insulin,like
R955	T1943	T1945	amod	like,receptor
R956	T1964	T1960	cc	and,loss
R957	T1944	T1943	punct	-,like
R958	T1945	T1937	appos	receptor,Ir
R959	T1946	T1947	nmod	growth,factor
R960	T1947	T1945	nmod	factor,receptor
R961	T1965	T1966	amod	partial,reversal
R962	T1948	T1947	nummod	1,factor
R963	T1949	T1945	punct	/,receptor
R964	T1950	T1951	compound	insulin,receptor
R965	T1966	T1960	conj	reversal,loss
R966	T1951	T1952	npadvmod	receptor,related
R967	T1952	T1954	amod	related,receptor
R968	T1953	T1952	punct	-,related
R969	T1967	T1965	cc	or,partial
R970	T1954	T1945	appos	receptor,receptor
R971	T1955	T1945	punct	/,receptor
R972	T1956	T1957	compound	insulin,receptor
R973	T1968	T1965	conj	complete,partial
R974	T1957	T1945	appos	receptor,receptor
R975	T1958	T1937	punct	),Ir
R976	T1969	T1966	compound	sex,reversal
R977	T1959	T1926	prep	in,resulted
R978	T1960	T1959	pobj	loss,in
R979	T1961	T1960	prep	of,loss
R980	T1970	T1971	punct	[,27
R981	T1962	T1963	compound	Sox9,expression
R982	T1963	T1961	pobj	expression,of
R983	T1971	T1926	parataxis	27,resulted
R984	T1972	T1971	nummod	26,27
R985	T1973	T1971	punct	",",27
R986	T1974	T1971	punct	],27
R987	T2070	T2065	advcl	expressed,becomes
R988	T2071	T2070	nsubjpass	Sry,expressed
R989	T2072	T2070	auxpass	is,expressed
R990	T2073	T2044	punct	.,expressed
R991	T1975	T1926	punct	", ",resulted
R992	T2075	T2076	prep	In,becomes
R993	T1976	T1926	advcl	suggesting,resulted
R994	T2077	T2078	det	a,manner
R995	T1977	T1978	mark	that,play
R996	T2078	T2075	pobj	manner,In
R997	T1978	T1976	ccomp	play,suggesting
R998	T2079	T2078	amod	reciprocal,manner
R999	T2080	T2076	punct	", ",becomes
R1000	T1979	T1980	amod	extracellular,pathways
R1001	T2081	T2076	nsubj	expression,becomes
R1002	T2082	T2081	prep	of,expression
R1003	T1980	T1978	nsubj	pathways,play
R1004	T2083	T2082	pobj	Wnt4,of
R1005	T2084	T2083	punct	", ",Wnt4
R1006	T2085	T2086	dep	which,is
R1007	T1981	T1980	compound	signaling,pathways
R1008	T2086	T2083	relcl	is,Wnt4
R1009	T2087	T2086	advmod	also,is
R1010	T1982	T1983	det	a,role
R1011	T2088	T2086	advmod	initially,is
R1012	T2089	T2086	acomp	common,is
R1013	T1983	T1978	dobj	role,play
R1014	T2090	T2089	prep	to,common
R1015	T2091	T2090	pobj	gonads,to
R1016	T2092	T2091	prep	of,gonads
R1017	T1984	T1983	amod	significant,role
R1018	T2093	T2094	det	both,sexes
R1019	T2094	T2092	pobj	sexes,of
R1020	T2095	T2076	punct	", ",becomes
R1021	T1985	T1978	prep	during,play
R1022	T2096	T2097	amod	female,specific
R1023	T2097	T2076	acomp	specific,becomes
R1024	T2098	T2097	punct	-,specific
R1025	T1986	T1987	amod	primary,sex
R1026	T2099	T2100	punct	[,8
R1027	T2100	T2076	parataxis	8,becomes
R1028	T2101	T2100	punct	],8
R1029	T1987	T1988	compound	sex,determination
R1030	T2102	T2076	punct	.,becomes
R1031	T1988	T1985	pobj	determination,during
R1032	T2104	T2105	compound	XX,gonads
R1033	T2105	T2106	nsubj	gonads,display
R1034	T1989	T1926	punct	.,resulted
R1035	T2107	T2105	prep	with,gonads
R1036	T2108	T2109	det	a,mutation
R1037	T1991	T1992	nsubj	Mice,display
R1038	T2109	T2107	pobj	mutation,with
R1039	T2110	T2109	amod	null,mutation
R1040	T2111	T2109	prep	in,mutation
R1041	T2112	T2111	pobj	Wnt4,in
R1042	T2113	T2114	det	some,aspects
R1043	T2114	T2106	dobj	aspects,display
R1044	T2115	T2114	amod	obvious,aspects
R1045	T2116	T2114	prep	of,aspects
R1046	T1993	T1991	amod	homozygous,Mice
R1047	T2117	T2118	amod	testicular,differentiation
R1048	T2118	T2116	pobj	differentiation,of
R1049	T2119	T2120	punct	[,28
R1050	T2120	T2106	parataxis	28,display
R1051	T1994	T1993	prep	for,homozygous
R1052	T2121	T2120	punct	],28
R1053	T1995	T1996	det	a,mutation
R1054	T2122	T2106	punct	.,display
R1055	T2124	T2125	prep	Based,imply
R1056	T1996	T1994	pobj	mutation,for
R1057	T2126	T2124	prep	on,Based
R1058	T2127	T2128	det	the,theory
R1059	T2128	T2126	pobj	theory,on
R1060	T1997	T1996	amod	null,mutation
R1061	T2129	T2130	mark	that,initiate
R1062	T2130	T2128	acl	initiate,theory
R1063	T2131	T2132	compound	Sertoli,cells
R1064	T1998	T1996	prep	in,mutation
R1065	T2132	T2130	nsubj	cells,initiate
R1066	T2133	T2134	det	all,differentiation
R1067	T1999	T1998	pobj	Fgf9,in
R1068	T2134	T2130	dobj	differentiation,initiate
R1069	T2135	T2134	amod	downstream,differentiation
R1070	T2136	T2134	amod	testicular,differentiation
R1071	T2000	T2001	amod	male,reversal
R1072	T2137	T2125	punct	", ",imply
R1073	T2138	T2125	nsubj	this,imply
R1074	T2139	T2125	aux	might,imply
R1075	T2001	T1992	dobj	reversal,display
R1076	T2140	T2141	mark	that,initiated
R1077	T2141	T2125	ccomp	initiated,imply
R1078	T2142	T2143	compound	Sertoli,differentiation
R1079	T2143	T2141	nsubjpass	differentiation,initiated
R1080	T2002	T2000	punct	-,male
R1081	T2144	T2141	aux	had,initiated
R1082	T2145	T2141	auxpass	been,initiated
R1083	T2146	T2141	prep	in,initiated
R1084	T2003	T2000	prep	to,male
R1085	T2147	T2148	nmod	Wnt4,gonads
R1086	T2148	T2146	pobj	gonads,in
R1087	T2004	T2003	punct	-,to
R1088	T2149	T2147	punct	−,Wnt4
R1089	T2150	T2147	punct	/,Wnt4
R1090	T2151	T2147	punct	−,Wnt4
R1091	T2005	T2003	amod	female,to
R1092	T2152	T2148	compound	XX,gonads
R1093	T2153	T2125	punct	.,imply
R1094	T2155	T2156	advmod	However,detected
R1095	T2006	T2001	compound	sex,reversal
R1096	T2157	T2156	punct	", ",detected
R1097	T2158	T2156	nsubjpass	expression,detected
R1098	T2159	T2158	prep	of,expression
R1099	T2007	T2001	acl	caused,reversal
R1100	T2160	T2161	compound	Sertoli,cell
R1101	T2161	T2162	compound	cell,markers
R1102	T2162	T2159	pobj	markers,of
R1103	T2163	T2156	auxpass	was,detected
R1104	T2008	T2007	agent	by,caused
R1105	T2164	T2156	neg	not,detected
R1106	T2009	T2008	pobj	disruption,by
R1107	T2010	T2009	prep	of,disruption
R1108	T2165	T2156	advmod	previously,detected
R1109	T2166	T2156	prep	in,detected
R1110	T2011	T2012	det	all,events
R1111	T2167	T2168	det	these,mutants
R1112	T2168	T2166	pobj	mutants,in
R1113	T2169	T2156	prep	during,detected
R1114	T2012	T2010	pobj	events,of
R1115	T2170	T2171	amod	fetal,stages
R1116	T2171	T2169	pobj	stages,during
R1117	T2172	T2173	punct	[,29
R1118	T2013	T2014	npadvmod	testis,specific
R1119	T2173	T2156	parataxis	29,detected
R1120	T2174	T2173	nummod	8,29
R1121	T2014	T2012	amod	specific,events
R1122	T2175	T2173	punct	",",29
R1123	T2015	T2014	punct	-,specific
R1124	T2016	T2012	amod	cellular,events
R1125	T2017	T2012	punct	", ",events
R1126	T2018	T2012	prep	including,events
R1127	T2176	T2173	punct	],29
R1128	T2177	T2156	punct	", ",detected
R1129	T2019	T2020	compound	cell,proliferation
R1130	T2178	T2156	advcl	leading,detected
R1131	T2179	T2178	prep	to,leading
R1132	T2020	T2018	pobj	proliferation,including
R1133	T2180	T2181	det	the,conclusion
R1134	T2181	T2179	pobj	conclusion,to
R1135	T2021	T2020	punct	", ",proliferation
R1136	T2182	T2183	mark	that,involved
R1137	T2183	T2181	acl	involved,conclusion
R1138	T2184	T2183	nsubjpass	Wnt4,involved
R1139	T2022	T2023	amod	mesonephric,cell
R1140	T2185	T2183	auxpass	was,involved
R1141	T2186	T2183	neg	not,involved
R1142	T2187	T2183	prep	in,involved
R1143	T2023	T2024	compound	cell,migration
R1144	T2188	T2189	amod	primary,sex
R1145	T2189	T2190	compound	sex,determination
R1146	T2190	T2187	pobj	determination,in
R1147	T2191	T2190	prep	in,determination
R1148	T2192	T2193	det	the,gonad
R1149	T2193	T2191	pobj	gonad,in
R1150	T2194	T2156	punct	.,detected
R1151	T2024	T2020	conj	migration,proliferation
R1152	T2196	T2197	aux	To,integrate
R1153	T2025	T2024	punct	", ",migration
R1154	T2197	T2198	advcl	integrate,investigated
R1155	T2199	T2200	det	these,findings
R1156	T2026	T2027	compound	testis,cord
R1157	T2200	T2197	dobj	findings,integrate
R1158	T2201	T2198	punct	", ",investigated
R1159	T2027	T2028	compound	cord,formation
R1160	T2202	T2198	nsubj	we,investigated
R1161	T2203	T2204	det	the,relationship
R1162	T2204	T2198	dobj	relationship,investigated
R1163	T2028	T2024	conj	formation,migration
R1164	T2205	T2204	amod	genetic,relationship
R1165	T2029	T2028	punct	", ",formation
R1166	T2206	T2204	prep	of,relationship
R1167	T2207	T2206	pobj	Sry,of
R1168	T2208	T2207	punct	", ",Sry
R1169	T2209	T2207	conj	Sox9,Sry
R1170	T2030	T2028	cc	and,formation
R1171	T2210	T2209	punct	", ",Sox9
R1172	T2211	T2209	conj	Fgf9,Sox9
R1173	T2212	T2211	punct	", ",Fgf9
R1174	T2031	T2032	det	the,differentiation
R1175	T2032	T2028	conj	differentiation,formation
R1176	T2213	T2211	cc	and,Fgf9
R1177	T2214	T2211	conj	Wnt4,Fgf9
R1178	T2033	T2032	prep	of,differentiation
R1179	T2215	T2204	prep	in,relationship
R1180	T2216	T2217	det	the,network
R1181	T2034	T2035	compound	Sertoli,cells
R1182	T2217	T2215	pobj	network,in
R1183	T2218	T2217	amod	regulatory,network
R1184	T2219	T2220	dep	that,governs
R1185	T2035	T2033	pobj	cells,of
R1186	T2220	T2217	relcl	governs,network
R1187	T2221	T2222	det	the,field
R1188	T2036	T2037	punct	[,27
R1189	T2222	T2220	dobj	field,governs
R1190	T2223	T2222	amod	gonadal,field
R1191	T2224	T2198	punct	.,investigated
R1192	T2037	T1992	parataxis	27,display
R1193	T2226	T2227	nsubj	We,show
R1194	T2038	T2037	nummod	26,27
R1195	T2227	T2228	ccomp	show,maintained
R1196	T2039	T2037	punct	",",27
R1197	T2229	T2230	mark	that,affect
R1198	T2230	T2227	ccomp	affect,show
R1199	T2231	T2232	det	the,loss
R1200	T2232	T2230	nsubj	loss,affect
R1201	T2233	T2232	prep	of,loss
R1202	T2234	T2233	pobj	Fgf9,of
R1203	T2040	T2037	punct	],27
R1204	T2235	T2232	prep	in,loss
R1205	T2236	T2237	amod	homozygous,mutant
R1206	T2237	T2238	compound	mutant,gonads
R1207	T2041	T1992	punct	.,display
R1208	T2238	T2235	pobj	gonads,in
R1209	T2239	T2238	compound	XY,gonads
R1210	T2043	T2044	nsubjpass	Fgf9,expressed
R1211	T2240	T2230	aux	does,affect
R1212	T2241	T2230	neg	not,affect
R1213	T2242	T2243	det	the,expression
R1214	T2243	T2230	dobj	expression,affect
R1215	T2045	T2043	punct	", ",Fgf9
R1216	T2244	T2243	prep	of,expression
R1217	T2245	T2244	pobj	SRY,of
R1218	T2246	T2243	cc	or,expression
R1219	T2046	T2043	prep	like,Fgf9
R1220	T2247	T2248	det	the,regulation
R1221	T2047	T2046	pobj	many,like
R1222	T2048	T2047	prep	of,many
R1223	T2248	T2243	conj	regulation,expression
R1224	T2249	T2248	amod	initial,regulation
R1225	T2049	T2050	det	the,signals
R1226	T2250	T2248	amod	up,regulation
R1227	T2251	T2248	punct	-,regulation
R1228	T2050	T2048	pobj	signals,of
R1229	T2252	T2248	prep	of,regulation
R1230	T2253	T2252	pobj	SOX9,of
R1231	T2254	T2228	punct	;,maintained
R1232	T2051	T2050	amod	founding,signals
R1233	T2255	T2228	advmod	however,maintained
R1234	T2256	T2228	punct	", ",maintained
R1235	T2257	T2258	compound	SOX9,expression
R1236	T2052	T2050	prep	in,signals
R1237	T2258	T2228	nsubjpass	expression,maintained
R1238	T2259	T2228	auxpass	is,maintained
R1239	T2053	T2054	det	the,gonads
R1240	T2260	T2228	neg	not,maintained
R1241	T2261	T2228	prep	in,maintained
R1242	T2262	T2263	det	the,gonads
R1243	T2054	T2052	pobj	gonads,in
R1244	T2263	T2261	pobj	gonads,in
R1245	T2264	T2263	nmod	Fgf9,gonads
R1246	T2055	T2044	punct	", ",expressed
R1247	T2265	T2264	punct	−,Fgf9
R1248	T2266	T2264	punct	/,Fgf9
R1249	T2267	T2264	punct	−,Fgf9
R1250	T2268	T2263	compound	mutant,gonads
R1251	T2269	T2228	punct	", ",maintained
R1252	T2056	T2044	auxpass	is,expressed
R1253	T2270	T2228	cc	and,maintained
R1254	T2271	T2272	compound	testis,differentiation
R1255	T2272	T2273	nsubjpass	differentiation,aborted
R1256	T2273	T2228	conj	aborted,maintained
R1257	T2057	T2044	advmod	initially,expressed
R1258	T2274	T2273	auxpass	is,aborted
R1259	T2275	T2228	punct	.,maintained
R1260	T2058	T2044	prep	in,expressed
R1261	T2277	T2278	nsubj	We,demonstrate
R1262	T2059	T2058	pobj	gonads,in
R1263	T2279	T2278	advmod	also,demonstrate
R1264	T2280	T2281	mark	that,represses
R1265	T2281	T2278	ccomp	represses,demonstrate
R1266	T2060	T2059	prep	of,gonads
R1267	T2061	T2062	det	both,sexes
R1268	T2062	T2060	pobj	sexes,of
R1269	T2282	T2281	nsubj	FGF9,represses
R1270	T2063	T2044	punct	", ",expressed
R1271	T2283	T2284	det	the,gene
R1272	T2284	T2281	dobj	gene,represses
R1273	T2064	T2044	cc	but,expressed
R1274	T2285	T2286	npadvmod	ovary,promoting
R1275	T2286	T2284	amod	promoting,gene
R1276	T2065	T2044	conj	becomes,expressed
R1277	T2287	T2286	punct	-,promoting
R1278	T2288	T2284	punct	", ",gene
R1279	T2066	T2067	amod	male,specific
R1280	T2289	T2284	appos	Wnt4,gene
R1281	T2290	T2278	punct	.,demonstrate
R1282	T2067	T2065	acomp	specific,becomes
R1283	T2292	T2293	nsubj	We,hypothesize
R1284	T2068	T2067	punct	-,specific
R1285	T2294	T2295	mark	that,functions
R1286	T2295	T2293	ccomp	functions,hypothesize
R1287	T2069	T2070	mark	after,expressed
R1288	T2296	T2295	nsubj	FGF9,functions
R1289	T2297	T2295	prep	in,functions
R1290	T2298	T2299	det	a,loop
R1291	T2388	T2389	det	this,data
R1292	T2299	T2297	pobj	loop,in
R1293	T2300	T2299	nmod	feed,loop
R1294	T2301	T2300	punct	-,feed
R1295	T2302	T2300	advmod	forward,feed
R1296	T2303	T2304	aux	to,expand
R1297	T2389	T2387	pobj	data,on
R1298	T2304	T2295	advcl	expand,functions
R1299	T2305	T2306	compound	Sertoli,cells
R1300	T2306	T2304	dobj	cells,expand
R1301	T2390	T2389	amod	genetic,data
R1302	T2307	T2306	compound	precursor,cells
R1303	T2308	T2306	punct	", ",cells
R1304	T2309	T2310	dep	which,secrete
R1305	T2310	T2306	relcl	secrete,cells
R1306	T2311	T2310	dobj	FGF9,secrete
R1307	T2391	T2390	cc	and,genetic
R1308	T2312	T2304	punct	", ",expand
R1309	T2313	T2304	prep	to,expand
R1310	T2314	T2315	det	a,number
R1311	T2392	T2393	advmod	in,vitro
R1312	T2315	T2313	pobj	number,to
R1313	T2393	T2390	conj	vitro,genetic
R1314	T2316	T2315	amod	critical,number
R1315	T2394	T2386	punct	", ",suggest
R1316	T2317	T2315	compound	threshold,number
R1317	T2318	T2315	amod	sufficient,number
R1318	T2319	T2320	aux	to,suppress
R1319	T2395	T2386	nsubj	we,suggest
R1320	T2320	T2318	xcomp	suppress,sufficient
R1321	T2321	T2320	dobj	Wnt4,suppress
R1322	T2322	T2293	punct	.,hypothesize
R1323	T2396	T2397	mark	that,controlled
R1324	T2324	T2325	nsubj	This,stabilizes
R1325	T2397	T2386	ccomp	controlled,suggest
R1326	T2326	T2325	advmod	directly,stabilizes
R1327	T2327	T2326	cc	or,directly
R1328	T2398	T2399	det	the,plasticity
R1329	T2328	T2326	conj	indirectly,directly
R1330	T2329	T2330	compound	SOX9,expression
R1331	T2330	T2325	dobj	expression,stabilizes
R1332	T2331	T2325	cc	and,stabilizes
R1333	T2399	T2397	nsubjpass	plasticity,controlled
R1334	T2332	T2325	conj	secures,stabilizes
R1335	T2333	T2334	det	the,fate
R1336	T2400	T2399	prep	of,plasticity
R1337	T2334	T2332	dobj	fate,secures
R1338	T2335	T2334	amod	male,fate
R1339	T2401	T2402	det	the,gonad
R1340	T2336	T2334	prep	of,fate
R1341	T2337	T2338	det	the,gonad
R1342	T2402	T2400	pobj	gonad,of
R1343	T2338	T2336	pobj	gonad,of
R1344	T2339	T2325	punct	.,stabilizes
R1345	T2403	T2402	amod	bipotential,gonad
R1346	T2341	T2342	nsubj	WNT4,seems
R1347	T2343	T2344	aux	to,oppose
R1348	T2404	T2397	auxpass	is,controlled
R1349	T2344	T2342	xcomp	oppose,seems
R1350	T2345	T2346	det	the,pathway
R1351	T2346	T2344	dobj	pathway,oppose
R1352	T2405	T2397	agent	by,controlled
R1353	T2347	T2346	amod	male,pathway
R1354	T2348	T2344	prep	by,oppose
R1355	T2349	T2348	pcomp	repressing,by
R1356	T2350	T2349	dobj	expression,repressing
R1357	T2351	T2350	prep	of,expression
R1358	T2406	T2407	advmod	mutually,antagonistic
R1359	T2352	T2351	pobj	SOX9,of
R1360	T2353	T2352	cc	and,SOX9
R1361	T2354	T2352	conj	FGF9,SOX9
R1362	T2407	T2408	amod	antagonistic,signals
R1363	T2355	T2342	punct	.,seems
R1364	T2357	T2358	advmod	Surprisingly,activated
R1365	T2408	T2405	pobj	signals,by
R1366	T2359	T2358	punct	", ",activated
R1367	T2409	T2408	prep	between,signals
R1368	T2360	T2361	det	both,genes
R1369	T2361	T2358	nsubjpass	genes,activated
R1370	T2362	T2361	amod	male,genes
R1371	T2410	T2409	pobj	FGF9,between
R1372	T2363	T2361	compound	pathway,genes
R1373	T2364	T2358	auxpass	are,activated
R1374	T2365	T2358	advmod	transiently,activated
R1375	T2411	T2410	cc	and,FGF9
R1376	T2366	T2358	prep	in,activated
R1377	T2367	T2368	nmod	Wnt4,gonads
R1378	T2368	T2366	pobj	gonads,in
R1379	T2369	T2367	punct	−,Wnt4
R1380	T2412	T2410	conj	WNT4,FGF9
R1381	T2370	T2367	punct	/,Wnt4
R1382	T2371	T2367	punct	−,Wnt4
R1383	T2413	T2408	prep	in,signals
R1384	T2372	T2368	compound	XX,gonads
R1385	T2373	T2358	prep	in,activated
R1386	T2374	T2375	det	the,absence
R1387	T2414	T2415	det	the,field
R1388	T2375	T2373	pobj	absence,in
R1389	T2376	T2375	prep	of,absence
R1390	T2415	T2413	pobj	field,in
R1391	T2377	T2378	det	the,gene
R1392	T2378	T2376	pobj	gene,of
R1393	T2379	T2380	npadvmod	Y,linked
R1394	T2416	T2415	amod	gonadal,field
R1395	T2380	T2378	amod	linked,gene
R1396	T2381	T2380	punct	-,linked
R1397	T2382	T2378	appos	Sry,gene
R1398	T2417	T2386	punct	.,suggest
R1399	T2383	T2358	punct	.,activated
R1400	T2385	T2386	prep	Based,suggest
R1401	T2419	T2420	det	These,signals
R1402	T2387	T2385	prep	on,Based
R1403	T2420	T2421	nsubj	signals,coordinate
R1404	T2422	T2423	advmod	sexually,dimorphic
R1405	T2423	T2424	amod	dimorphic,patterns
R1406	T2424	T2421	dobj	patterns,coordinate
R1407	T2425	T2424	prep	of,patterns
R1408	T2426	T2425	pobj	growth,of
R1409	T2427	T2426	punct	", ",growth
R1410	T2428	T2426	conj	morphogenesis,growth
R1411	T2429	T2428	punct	", ",morphogenesis
R1412	T2430	T2428	cc	and,morphogenesis
R1413	T2431	T2432	amod	cellular,differentiation
R1414	T2432	T2428	conj	differentiation,morphogenesis
R1415	T2433	T2421	punct	.,coordinate
R1416	T2598	T2599	advmod	Early,Expression
R1417	T2599	T2601	nsubj	Expression,Resolves
R1418	T2600	T2599	amod	Bipotential,Expression
R1419	T2602	T2599	prep	of,Expression
R1420	T2603	T2602	pobj	FGF9,of
R1421	T2604	T2601	prep	to,Resolves
R1422	T2605	T2606	det	an,Pattern
R1423	T2606	T2604	pobj	Pattern,to
R1424	T2607	T2608	npadvmod	XY,Specific
R1425	T2608	T2606	amod	Specific,Pattern
R1426	T2609	T2608	punct	-,Specific
R1427	T2610	T2601	prep	by,Resolves
R1428	T2611	T2612	nummod	12.5,dpc
R1429	T2612	T2610	pobj	dpc,by
R1430	T2614	T2615	advcl	Using,examined
R1431	T2616	T2617	det	an,antibody
R1432	T2617	T2614	dobj	antibody,Using
R1433	T2618	T2617	amod	specific,antibody
R1434	T2619	T2618	prep	to,specific
R1435	T2620	T2619	pobj	FGF9,to
R1436	T2621	T2615	punct	", ",examined
R1437	T2622	T2615	nsubj	we,examined
R1438	T2623	T2615	dobj	expression,examined
R1439	T2624	T2615	prep	during,examined
R1440	T2625	T2626	amod	normal,development
R1441	T2626	T2624	pobj	development,during
R1442	T2627	T2626	compound	gonad,development
R1443	T2628	T2615	punct	.,examined
R1444	T2630	T2631	compound	FGF9,protein
R1445	T2631	T2632	nsubjpass	protein,distributed
R1446	T2633	T2632	auxpass	was,distributed
R1447	T2634	T2632	prep	throughout,distributed
R1448	T2635	T2636	det	the,gonad
R1449	T2636	T2634	pobj	gonad,throughout
R1450	T2637	T2638	nummod	11.5,dpc
R1451	T2638	T2636	compound	dpc,gonad
R1452	T2639	T2632	prep	in,distributed
R1453	T2640	T2641	det	both,sexes
R1454	T2641	T2639	pobj	sexes,in
R1455	T2642	T2643	punct	(,1A
R1456	T2643	T2632	parataxis	1A,distributed
R1457	T2644	T2643	compound	Figure,1A
R1458	T2645	T2643	cc	and,1A
R1459	T2646	T2643	conj	1B,1A
R1460	T2647	T2643	punct	),1A
R1461	T2648	T2632	punct	.,distributed
R1462	T2650	T2651	advmod	However,detected
R1463	T2652	T2651	punct	", ",detected
R1464	T2653	T2651	prep	by,detected
R1465	T2654	T2655	nummod	12.5,dpc
R1466	T2655	T2653	pobj	dpc,by
R1467	T2656	T2651	punct	", ",detected
R1468	T2657	T2651	nsubjpass	FGF9,detected
R1469	T2658	T2651	auxpass	was,detected
R1470	T2659	T2660	advmod	only,in
R1471	T2660	T2651	prep	in,detected
R1472	T2661	T2662	compound	XY,gonads
R1473	T2662	T2660	pobj	gonads,in
R1474	T2663	T2662	prep	in,gonads
R1475	T2664	T2665	nummod	two,domains
R1476	T2665	T2663	pobj	domains,in
R1477	T2666	T2665	punct	: ,domains
R1478	T2667	T2665	prep	in,domains
R1479	T2668	T2667	pobj	cells,in
R1480	T2669	T2668	prep	near,cells
R1481	T2670	T2671	det	the,surface
R1482	T2671	T2669	pobj	surface,near
R1483	T2672	T2671	prep	of,surface
R1484	T2673	T2672	pobj	gonads,of
R1485	T2674	T2667	cc	and,in
R1486	T2675	T2667	conj	in,in
R1487	T2676	T2675	pobj	cells,in
R1488	T2677	T2676	acl	located,cells
R1489	T2678	T2677	prep	within,located
R1490	T2679	T2680	compound	testis,cords
R1491	T2680	T2678	pobj	cords,within
R1492	T2681	T2651	punct	.,detected
R1493	T2683	T2684	det	This,pattern
R1494	T2684	T2689	nsubjpass	pattern,maintained
R1495	T2685	T2686	npadvmod	sex,specific
R1496	T2686	T2684	amod	specific,pattern
R1497	T2687	T2686	punct	-,specific
R1498	T2688	T2684	compound	expression,pattern
R1499	T2690	T2689	auxpass	was,maintained
R1500	T2691	T2689	prep	in,maintained
R1501	T2692	T2691	pobj	gonads,in
R1502	T2693	T2692	prep	at,gonads
R1503	T2694	T2695	nummod	13.5,dpc
R1504	T2695	T2693	pobj	dpc,at
R1505	T2696	T2697	punct	(,1C
R1506	T2697	T2689	parataxis	1C,maintained
R1507	T2698	T2697	compound	Figure,1C
R1508	T2699	T2700	punct	–,1F
R1509	T2700	T2697	prep	1F,1C
R1510	T2701	T2697	punct	),1C
R1511	T2702	T2689	punct	.,maintained
R1512	T2704	T2705	compound	FGF9,expression
R1513	T2705	T2706	nsubjpass	expression,localized
R1514	T2707	T2705	prep	within,expression
R1515	T2708	T2709	compound	testis,cords
R1516	T2709	T2707	pobj	cords,within
R1517	T2710	T2706	auxpass	was,localized
R1518	T2711	T2706	prep	to,localized
R1519	T2712	T2713	compound	Sertoli,cells
R1520	T2713	T2711	pobj	cells,to
R1521	T2714	T2706	cc	and,localized
R1522	T2715	T2706	conj	excluded,localized
R1523	T2716	T2715	prep	from,excluded
R1524	T2717	T2718	compound	germ,cells
R1525	T2718	T2716	pobj	cells,from
R1526	T2719	T2715	prep	based,excluded
R1527	T2720	T2719	prep	on,based
R1528	T2721	T2722	det	the,molecule
R1529	T2722	T2720	pobj	molecule,on
R1530	T2723	T2724	nmod	germ,cell
R1531	T2724	T2725	nmod	cell,membrane
R1532	T2725	T2726	nmod	membrane,marker
R1533	T2726	T2722	nmod	marker,molecule
R1534	T2727	T2722	nmod	platelet,molecule
R1535	T2728	T2722	punct	/,molecule
R1536	T2729	T2722	amod	endothelial,molecule
R1537	T2730	T2731	compound	cell,adhesion
R1538	T2731	T2722	compound	adhesion,molecule
R1539	T2732	T2722	punct	(,molecule
R1540	T2733	T2722	appos	PECAM,molecule
R1541	T2734	T2722	punct	),molecule
R1542	T2735	T2736	punct	(,1D
R1543	T2736	T2715	parataxis	1D,excluded
R1544	T2737	T2736	compound	Figure,1D
R1545	T2738	T2736	cc	and,1D
R1546	T2739	T2736	conj	1F,1D
R1547	T2740	T2736	punct	),1D
R1548	T2741	T2706	punct	.,localized
R1549	T2743	T2744	aux	To,confirm
R1550	T2744	T2745	advcl	confirm,examined
R1551	T2746	T2747	det	this,result
R1552	T2747	T2744	dobj	result,confirm
R1553	T2748	T2745	punct	", ",examined
R1554	T2749	T2745	nsubj	we,examined
R1555	T2750	T2751	amod	agametic,gonads
R1556	T2751	T2745	dobj	gonads,examined
R1557	T2752	T2751	prep	from,gonads
R1558	T2753	T2754	nmod	Kit W,Wv
R1559	T2754	T2756	nmod	Wv,compound
R1560	T2755	T2754	punct	/,Wv
R1561	T2756	T2757	nmod	compound,embryos
R1562	T2757	T2752	pobj	embryos,from
R1563	T2758	T2757	amod	heterozygous,embryos
R1564	T2759	T2757	punct	", ",embryos
R1565	T2760	T2761	dep	which,develop
R1566	T2761	T2757	relcl	develop,embryos
R1567	T2762	T2763	compound	testis,cords
R1568	T2763	T2761	dobj	cords,develop
R1569	T2764	T2763	acl	containing,cords
R1570	T2765	T2766	compound	Sertoli,cells
R1571	T2766	T2764	dobj	cells,containing
R1572	T2767	T2764	advmod	only,containing
R1573	T2768	T2745	punct	.,examined
R1574	T2770	T2771	nsubj	FGF9,was
R1575	T2772	T2771	acomp	detectable,was
R1576	T2773	T2771	prep	at,was
R1577	T2774	T2775	amod	normal,levels
R1578	T2775	T2773	pobj	levels,at
R1579	T2776	T2771	prep	in,was
R1580	T2777	T2778	compound	testis,cords
R1581	T2778	T2776	pobj	cords,in
R1582	T2779	T2778	prep	in,cords
R1583	T2780	T2781	compound	XY,gonads
R1584	T2781	T2779	pobj	gonads,in
R1585	T2782	T2783	compound	Kit W,Wv
R1586	T2783	T2781	compound	Wv,gonads
R1587	T2784	T2783	punct	/,Wv
R1588	T2785	T2781	punct	", ",gonads
R1589	T2786	T2787	advmod	where,verified
R1590	T2787	T2781	relcl	verified,gonads
R1591	T2788	T2789	compound	alkaline,phosphatase
R1592	T2789	T2790	compound	phosphatase,staining
R1593	T2790	T2787	nsubj	staining,verified
R1594	T2791	T2792	det	the,absence
R1595	T2792	T2787	dobj	absence,verified
R1596	T2793	T2792	prep	of,absence
R1597	T2794	T2795	compound	germ,cells
R1598	T2795	T2793	pobj	cells,of
R1599	T2796	T2797	punct	(,1G
R1600	T2797	T2771	parataxis	1G,was
R1601	T2798	T2797	compound	Figure,1G
R1602	T2799	T2800	punct	–,1J
R1603	T2800	T2797	prep	1J,1G
R1604	T2801	T2771	punct	),was
R1605	T2802	T2771	punct	", ",was
R1606	T2803	T2771	advcl	indicating,was
R1607	T2804	T2805	mark	that,expressed
R1608	T2805	T2803	advcl	expressed,indicating
R1609	T2806	T2805	nsubjpass	FGF9,expressed
R1610	T2807	T2805	auxpass	is,expressed
R1611	T2808	T2805	prep	by,expressed
R1612	T2809	T2810	compound	Sertoli,cells
R1613	T2810	T2808	pobj	cells,by
R1614	T2811	T2805	punct	", ",expressed
R1615	T2812	T2805	cc	and,expressed
R1616	T2813	T2814	mark	that,is
R1617	T2814	T2805	conj	is,expressed
R1618	T2815	T2816	poss	its,expression
R1619	T2816	T2814	nsubj	expression,is
R1620	T2817	T2814	neg	not,is
R1621	T2818	T2814	acomp	dependent,is
R1622	T2819	T2818	prep	on,dependent
R1623	T2820	T2821	det	the,presence
R1624	T2821	T2819	pobj	presence,on
R1625	T2822	T2821	prep	of,presence
R1626	T2823	T2824	compound	germ,cells
R1627	T2824	T2822	pobj	cells,of
R1628	T2825	T2771	punct	.,was
R1629	T2827	T2828	prep	In,was
R1630	T2829	T2827	pobj	summary,In
R1631	T2830	T2828	punct	", ",was
R1632	T2831	T2832	compound	FGF9,expression
R1633	T2832	T2828	nsubj	expression,was
R1634	T2833	T2828	acomp	present,was
R1635	T2834	T2828	prep	in,was
R1636	T2835	T2836	preconj	both,gonads
R1637	T2836	T2834	pobj	gonads,in
R1638	T2837	T2836	nmod	XX,gonads
R1639	T2838	T2837	cc	and,XX
R1640	T2839	T2837	conj	XY,XX
R1641	T2840	T2828	prep	at,was
R1642	T2841	T2842	amod	bipotential,stages
R1643	T2842	T2840	pobj	stages,at
R1644	T2843	T2828	punct	", ",was
R1645	T2844	T2828	cc	and,was
R1646	T2845	T2828	conj	became,was
R1647	T2846	T2845	acomp	restricted,became
R1648	T2847	T2846	prep	to,restricted
R1649	T2848	T2849	compound	XY,gonads
R1650	T2849	T2847	pobj	gonads,to
R1651	T2850	T2851	mark	as,proceeded
R1652	T2851	T2845	advcl	proceeded,became
R1653	T2852	T2853	compound	testis,differentiation
R1654	T2853	T2851	nsubj	differentiation,proceeded
R1655	T2854	T2828	punct	.,was
R1658	T3068	T3069	compound	Sry,Expression
R1659	T3069	T3070	nsubj	Expression,Is
R1660	T3071	T3070	acomp	Normal,Is
R1661	T3072	T3070	prep	in,Is
R1662	T3073	T3074	amod	Homozygous,Null
R1663	T3074	T3075	amod	Null,Gonads
R1664	T3075	T3072	pobj	Gonads,in
R1665	T3076	T3075	compound	Fgf9,Gonads
R1666	T3077	T3075	compound	XY,Gonads
R1667	T3079	T3080	det	The,expression
R1668	T3080	T3082	nsubj	expression,raised
R1669	T3081	T3080	amod	early,expression
R1670	T3083	T3080	prep	of,expression
R1671	T3084	T3083	pobj	Fgf9,of
R1672	T3085	T3080	prep	in,expression
R1673	T3086	T3087	amod	bipotential,gonads
R1674	T3087	T3085	pobj	gonads,in
R1675	T3088	T3089	det	the,question
R1676	T3089	T3082	dobj	question,raised
R1677	T3090	T3089	prep	of,question
R1678	T3091	T3092	mark	whether,is
R1679	T3092	T3090	pcomp	is,of
R1680	T3093	T3092	nsubj	Fgf9,is
R1681	T3094	T3095	det	an,regulator
R1682	T3095	T3092	attr	regulator,is
R1683	T3096	T3095	amod	upstream,regulator
R1684	T3097	T3095	prep	of,regulator
R1685	T3098	T3097	pobj	Sry,of
R1686	T3099	T3082	punct	.,raised
R1687	T3101	T3102	aux	To,investigate
R1688	T3102	T3103	advcl	investigate,mated
R1689	T3104	T3105	det	this,possibility
R1690	T3105	T3102	dobj	possibility,investigate
R1691	T3106	T3103	punct	", ",mated
R1692	T3107	T3103	nsubj	we,mated
R1693	T3108	T3109	nmod	Fgf9,−
R1694	T3109	T3112	punct	−,mice
R1695	T3110	T3109	punct	+,−
R1696	T3111	T3109	punct	/,−
R1697	T3112	T3103	dobj	mice,mated
R1698	T3113	T3103	prep	with,mated
R1699	T3114	T3115	det	a,line
R1700	T3115	T3113	pobj	line,with
R1701	T3116	T3115	amod	transgenic,line
R1702	T3117	T3115	compound	reporter,line
R1703	T3118	T3119	dep	that,carries
R1704	T3119	T3115	relcl	carries,line
R1705	T3120	T3121	det	an,transgene
R1706	T3121	T3119	dobj	transgene,carries
R1707	T3122	T3123	amod	enhanced,protein
R1708	T3123	T3121	nmod	protein,transgene
R1709	T3124	T3125	amod	green,fluorescent
R1710	T3125	T3123	amod	fluorescent,protein
R1711	T3126	T3123	punct	(,protein
R1712	T3127	T3123	appos	EGFP,protein
R1713	T3128	T3123	punct	),protein
R1714	T3129	T3121	acl	driven,transgene
R1715	T3130	T3129	prep	by,driven
R1716	T3131	T3132	det	the,promoter
R1717	T3132	T3130	pobj	promoter,by
R1718	T3133	T3132	compound	Sry,promoter
R1719	T3134	T3135	compound	Sry,EGFP
R1720	T3135	T3132	appos	EGFP,promoter
R1721	T3136	T3135	punct	-,EGFP
R1722	T3137	T3103	punct	.,mated
R1723	T3139	T3140	prep	At,represents
R1724	T3141	T3142	amod	early,stages
R1725	T3142	T3139	pobj	stages,At
R1726	T3143	T3140	punct	", ",represents
R1727	T3144	T3145	det	this,transgene
R1728	T3145	T3140	nsubj	transgene,represents
R1729	T3146	T3147	det	the,pattern
R1730	T3147	T3140	dobj	pattern,represents
R1731	T3148	T3147	prep	of,pattern
R1732	T3149	T3150	amod	endogenous,Sry
R1733	T3150	T3151	compound	Sry,expression
R1734	T3151	T3148	pobj	expression,of
R1735	T3152	T3153	punct	[,2
R1736	T3153	T3140	parataxis	2,represents
R1737	T3154	T3153	punct	],2
R1738	T3155	T3140	punct	.,represents
R1739	T3157	T3158	det	The,expression
R1740	T3158	T3159	nsubjpass	expression,detected
R1741	T3160	T3158	prep	of,expression
R1742	T3161	T3162	det	the,reporter
R1743	T3162	T3160	pobj	reporter,of
R1744	T3163	T3162	compound	EGFP,reporter
R1745	T3164	T3159	auxpass	was,detected
R1746	T3165	T3159	prep	in,detected
R1747	T3166	T3167	nmod	Fgf9,gonads
R1748	T3167	T3165	pobj	gonads,in
R1749	T3168	T3166	punct	−,Fgf9
R1750	T3169	T3166	punct	/,Fgf9
R1751	T3170	T3166	punct	−,Fgf9
R1752	T3171	T3167	compound	XY,gonads
R1753	T3172	T3167	amod	comparable,gonads
R1754	T3173	T3172	prep	to,comparable
R1755	T3174	T3175	nmod	Fgf9,controls
R1756	T3175	T3173	pobj	controls,to
R1757	T3176	T3174	punct	+,Fgf9
R1758	T3177	T3174	punct	/,Fgf9
R1759	T3178	T3174	punct	−,Fgf9
R1760	T3179	T3175	compound	littermate,controls
R1761	T3180	T3181	punct	(,2A
R1762	T3181	T3159	parataxis	2A,detected
R1763	T3182	T3181	compound	Figure,2A
R1764	T3183	T3181	cc	and,2A
R1765	T3184	T3181	conj	2B,2A
R1766	T3185	T3159	punct	),detected
R1767	T3186	T3159	punct	", ",detected
R1768	T3187	T3159	advcl	suggesting,detected
R1769	T3188	T3189	mark	that,is
R1770	T3189	T3187	ccomp	is,suggesting
R1771	T3190	T3191	amod	transcriptional,regulation
R1772	T3191	T3189	nsubj	regulation,is
R1773	T3192	T3191	prep	of,regulation
R1774	T3193	T3192	pobj	Sry,of
R1775	T3194	T3189	acomp	independent,is
R1776	T3195	T3194	prep	of,independent
R1777	T3196	T3195	pobj	Fgf9,of
R1778	T3197	T3159	punct	.,detected
R1779	T3199	T3200	compound	Sex,reversal
R1780	T3200	T3201	nsubjpass	reversal,caused
R1781	T3202	T3201	auxpass	is,caused
R1782	T3203	T3204	preconj	not,by
R1783	T3204	T3201	prep	by,caused
R1784	T3205	T3203	advmod	only,not
R1785	T3206	T3207	det	the,loss
R1786	T3207	T3204	pobj	loss,by
R1787	T3208	T3207	prep	of,loss
R1788	T3209	T3210	amod	normal,levels
R1789	T3210	T3208	pobj	levels,of
R1790	T3211	T3210	prep	of,levels
R1791	T3212	T3213	compound	Sry,expression
R1792	T3213	T3211	pobj	expression,of
R1793	T3214	T3215	punct	[,31
R1794	T3215	T3204	parataxis	31,by
R1795	T3216	T3215	nummod	30,31
R1796	T3217	T3215	punct	",",31
R1797	T3218	T3215	punct	],31
R1798	T3219	T3204	punct	", ",by
R1799	T3220	T3204	cc	but,by
R1800	T3221	T3220	advmod	also,but
R1801	T3222	T3204	conj	by,by
R1802	T3223	T3222	pobj	mutations,by
R1803	T3224	T3223	acl	disrupting,mutations
R1804	T3225	T3226	compound	SRY,import
R1805	T3226	T3224	dobj	import,disrupting
R1806	T3227	T3226	prep	into,import
R1807	T3228	T3229	det	the,nucleus
R1808	T3229	T3227	pobj	nucleus,into
R1809	T3230	T3231	punct	[,32
R1810	T3231	T3201	parataxis	32,caused
R1811	T3232	T3231	punct	],32
R1812	T3233	T3201	punct	.,caused
R1813	T3235	T3236	det	The,transgene
R1814	T3236	T3237	nsubj	transgene,reflect
R1815	T3238	T3236	punct	", ",transgene
R1816	T3239	T3240	compound	Sry,EGFP
R1817	T3240	T3236	appos	EGFP,transgene
R1818	T3241	T3240	punct	-,EGFP
R1819	T3242	T3237	punct	", ",reflect
R1820	T3243	T3237	aux	does,reflect
R1821	T3244	T3237	neg	not,reflect
R1822	T3245	T3246	det	the,distribution
R1823	T3246	T3237	dobj	distribution,reflect
R1824	T3247	T3246	amod	intracellular,distribution
R1825	T3248	T3246	prep	of,distribution
R1826	T3249	T3250	det	the,protein
R1827	T3250	T3248	pobj	protein,of
R1828	T3251	T3250	compound	SRY,protein
R1829	T3252	T3237	punct	.,reflect
R1830	T3254	T3255	aux	To,investigate
R1831	T3255	T3256	advcl	investigate,bred
R1832	T3257	T3258	det	this,aspect
R1833	T3258	T3255	dobj	aspect,investigate
R1834	T3259	T3258	prep	of,aspect
R1835	T3260	T3261	compound	SRY,regulation
R1836	T3261	T3259	pobj	regulation,of
R1837	T3262	T3256	punct	", ",bred
R1838	T3263	T3256	nsubj	we,bred
R1839	T3264	T3265	nmod	Fgf9,mice
R1840	T3265	T3256	dobj	mice,bred
R1841	T3266	T3264	punct	+,Fgf9
R1842	T3267	T3264	punct	/,Fgf9
R1843	T3268	T3264	punct	−,Fgf9
R1844	T3269	T3256	prep	with,bred
R1845	T3270	T3271	det	another,line
R1846	T3271	T3269	pobj	line,with
R1847	T3272	T3273	compound	Sry,reporter
R1848	T3273	T3271	compound	reporter,line
R1849	T3274	T3271	compound	mouse,line
R1850	T3275	T3271	acl	carrying,line
R1851	T3276	T3277	det	a,transgene
R1852	T3277	T3275	dobj	transgene,carrying
R1853	T3278	T3279	npadvmod	Myc,tagged
R1854	T3279	T3277	amod	tagged,transgene
R1855	T3280	T3279	punct	-,tagged
R1856	T3281	T3277	compound	Sry,transgene
R1857	T3282	T3277	punct	", ",transgene
R1858	T3283	T3277	appos	Sry Myc,transgene
R1859	T3284	T3277	punct	", ",transgene
R1860	T3285	T3286	dep	which,recapitulates
R1861	T3286	T3277	relcl	recapitulates,transgene
R1862	T3287	T3288	det	the,pattern
R1863	T3288	T3286	dobj	pattern,recapitulates
R1864	T3289	T3288	amod	endogenous,pattern
R1865	T3290	T3288	amod	intracellular,pattern
R1866	T3291	T3292	compound	SRY,expression
R1867	T3292	T3288	compound	expression,pattern
R1868	T3293	T3294	punct	[,16
R1869	T3294	T3256	parataxis	16,bred
R1870	T3295	T3294	punct	],16
R1871	T3296	T3256	punct	.,bred
R1872	T3298	T3299	advcl	Using,was
R1873	T3300	T3301	det	an,antibody
R1874	T3301	T3298	dobj	antibody,Using
R1875	T3302	T3301	prep	against,antibody
R1876	T3303	T3304	compound	c,MYC
R1877	T3304	T3302	pobj	MYC,against
R1878	T3305	T3304	punct	-,MYC
R1879	T3306	T3299	punct	", ",was
R1880	T3307	T3308	det	the,expression
R1881	T3308	T3299	nsubj	expression,was
R1882	T3309	T3308	cc	and,expression
R1883	T3310	T3311	amod	nuclear,localization
R1884	T3311	T3308	conj	localization,expression
R1885	T3312	T3308	prep	of,expression
R1886	T3313	T3312	pobj	SRY MYC,of
R1887	T3314	T3308	prep	in,expression
R1888	T3315	T3316	nmod	Sry Myc,gonads
R1889	T3316	T3314	pobj	gonads,in
R1890	T3317	T3315	punct	;,Sry Myc
R1891	T3318	T3315	appos	Fgf9,Sry Myc
R1892	T3319	T3318	punct	−,Fgf9
R1893	T3320	T3318	punct	/,Fgf9
R1894	T3321	T3318	punct	−,Fgf9
R1895	T3322	T3299	acomp	indistinguishable,was
R1896	T3323	T3322	prep	from,indistinguishable
R1897	T3324	T3325	compound	littermate,controls
R1898	T3325	T3323	pobj	controls,from
R1899	T3326	T3327	punct	(,2C
R1900	T3327	T3299	parataxis	2C,was
R1901	T3328	T3327	compound	Figure,2C
R1902	T3329	T3327	cc	and,2C
R1903	T3330	T3327	conj	2D,2C
R1904	T3331	T3327	punct	),2C
R1905	T3332	T3299	punct	.,was
R1906	T3334	T3335	det	These,data
R1907	T3335	T3336	nsubj	data,provide
R1908	T3337	T3335	acl	using,data
R1909	T3338	T3339	nummod	two,lines
R1910	T3339	T3337	dobj	lines,using
R1911	T3340	T3339	amod	different,lines
R1912	T3341	T3342	npadvmod	Sry,transgenic
R1913	T3342	T3339	amod	transgenic,lines
R1914	T3343	T3339	compound	reporter,lines
R1915	T3344	T3336	dobj	evidence,provide
R1916	T3345	T3346	mark	that,is
R1917	T3346	T3344	acl	is,evidence
R1918	T3347	T3348	compound	Sry,expression
R1919	T3348	T3346	nsubj	expression,is
R1920	T3349	T3346	neg	not,is
R1921	T3350	T3346	acomp	dependent,is
R1922	T3351	T3350	prep	on,dependent
R1923	T3352	T3351	pobj	Fgf9,on
R1924	T3353	T3336	punct	.,provide
R1925	T3355	T3356	advmod	Therefore,act
R1926	T3357	T3356	punct	", ",act
R1927	T3358	T3359	compound	Fgf9,signaling
R1928	T3359	T3356	nsubj	signaling,act
R1929	T3360	T3356	aux	must,act
R1930	T3361	T3356	prep	in,act
R1931	T3362	T3361	pobj	parallel,in
R1932	T3363	T3361	cc	and,in
R1933	T3364	T3363	punct	/,and
R1934	T3365	T3363	cc	or,and
R1935	T3366	T3361	conj	downstream,in
R1936	T3367	T3366	prep	of,downstream
R1937	T3368	T3367	pobj	Sry,of
R1938	T3369	T3370	aux	to,regulate
R1939	T3370	T3356	advcl	regulate,act
R1940	T3371	T3372	compound	testis,development
R1941	T3372	T3370	dobj	development,regulate
R1942	T3373	T3356	punct	.,act
R1945	T3596	T3597	nsubj	FGF9,Regulate
R1946	T3598	T3597	aux	Can,Regulate
R1947	T3599	T3597	advmod	Up,Regulate
R1948	T3600	T3597	punct	-,Regulate
R1949	T3601	T3602	compound	SOX9,Expression
R1950	T3602	T3597	dobj	Expression,Regulate
R1951	T3604	T3605	prep	In,observe
R1952	T3606	T3607	poss	our,study
R1953	T3607	T3604	pobj	study,In
R1954	T3608	T3607	amod	previous,study
R1955	T3609	T3605	nsubj	we,observe
R1956	T3610	T3605	aux	did,observe
R1957	T3611	T3605	neg	not,observe
R1958	T3612	T3613	compound	SOX9,expression
R1959	T3613	T3605	dobj	expression,observe
R1960	T3614	T3605	prep	at,observe
R1961	T3615	T3616	nummod	12.5,dpc
R1962	T3616	T3614	pobj	dpc,at
R1963	T3617	T3605	prep	in,observe
R1964	T3618	T3619	nmod	Fgf9,gonads
R1965	T3619	T3617	pobj	gonads,in
R1966	T3620	T3618	punct	−,Fgf9
R1967	T3621	T3618	punct	/,Fgf9
R1968	T3622	T3618	punct	−,Fgf9
R1969	T3623	T3619	compound	XY,gonads
R1970	T3624	T3625	dep	that,fail
R1971	T3625	T3619	relcl	fail,gonads
R1972	T3626	T3627	aux	to,develop
R1973	T3627	T3625	xcomp	develop,fail
R1974	T3628	T3627	prep	into,develop
R1975	T3629	T3630	amod	normal,testes
R1976	T3630	T3628	pobj	testes,into
R1977	T3631	T3632	punct	[,26
R1978	T3632	T3605	parataxis	26,observe
R1979	T3633	T3632	punct	],26
R1980	T3634	T3605	punct	.,observe
R1981	T3636	T3637	advmod	However,be
R1982	T3638	T3637	punct	", ",be
R1983	T3639	T3640	det	the,loss
R1984	T3640	T3637	nsubj	loss,be
R1985	T3641	T3640	prep	of,loss
R1986	T3642	T3643	compound	SOX9,expression
R1987	T3643	T3641	pobj	expression,of
R1988	T3644	T3640	prep	at,loss
R1989	T3645	T3646	nummod	12.5,dpc
R1990	T3646	T3644	pobj	dpc,at
R1991	T3647	T3637	aux	could,be
R1992	T3648	T3649	det	a,consequence
R1993	T3649	T3637	attr	consequence,be
R1994	T3650	T3649	prep	of,consequence
R1995	T3651	T3652	det	the,loss
R1996	T3652	T3650	pobj	loss,of
R1997	T3653	T3652	prep	of,loss
R1998	T3654	T3655	compound	Sertoli,differentiation
R1999	T3655	T3653	pobj	differentiation,of
R2000	T3656	T3657	advmod	rather,than
R2001	T3657	T3649	cc	than,consequence
R2002	T3658	T3659	det	a,reflection
R2003	T3659	T3649	conj	reflection,consequence
R2004	T3660	T3659	prep	of,reflection
R2005	T3661	T3662	det	the,interaction
R2006	T3662	T3660	pobj	interaction,of
R2007	T3663	T3662	amod	genetic,interaction
R2008	T3664	T3662	prep	between,interaction
R2009	T3665	T3664	pobj	FGF9,between
R2010	T3666	T3665	cc	and,FGF9
R2011	T3667	T3665	conj	SOX9,FGF9
R2012	T3668	T3637	punct	.,be
R2013	T3670	T3671	advmod	Normally,expressed
R2014	T3672	T3671	punct	", ",expressed
R2015	T3673	T3671	nsubjpass	Sox9,expressed
R2016	T3674	T3671	auxpass	is,expressed
R2017	T3675	T3671	advmod	weakly,expressed
R2018	T3676	T3671	prep	in,expressed
R2019	T3677	T3678	amod	wild,type
R2020	T3678	T3680	nmod	type,ridges
R2021	T3679	T3678	punct	-,type
R2022	T3680	T3676	pobj	ridges,in
R2023	T3681	T3680	amod	genital,ridges
R2024	T3682	T3680	prep	of,ridges
R2025	T3683	T3684	preconj	both,XX
R2026	T3684	T3685	nmod	XX,embryos
R2027	T3685	T3682	pobj	embryos,of
R2028	T3686	T3684	cc	and,XX
R2029	T3687	T3684	conj	XY,XX
R2030	T3688	T3685	prep	at,embryos
R2031	T3689	T3690	nummod	10.5,dpc
R2032	T3690	T3688	pobj	dpc,at
R2033	T3691	T3671	cc	and,expressed
R2034	T3692	T3671	punct	", ",expressed
R2035	T3693	T3694	prep	after,regulated
R2036	T3694	T3671	conj	regulated,expressed
R2037	T3695	T3696	det	the,onset
R2038	T3696	T3693	pobj	onset,after
R2039	T3697	T3696	prep	of,onset
R2040	T3698	T3699	compound	Sry,expression
R2041	T3699	T3697	pobj	expression,of
R2042	T3700	T3694	punct	", ",regulated
R2043	T3701	T3694	auxpass	is,regulated
R2044	T3702	T3694	advmod	up,regulated
R2045	T3703	T3694	punct	-,regulated
R2046	T3704	T3694	prep	in,regulated
R2047	T3705	T3706	compound	XY,gonads
R2048	T3706	T3704	pobj	gonads,in
R2049	T3707	T3708	punct	[,16
R2050	T3708	T3694	parataxis	16,regulated
R2051	T3709	T3708	nummod	5,16
R2052	T3710	T3708	punct	",",16
R2053	T3711	T3708	nummod	33,16
R2054	T3712	T3708	punct	",",16
R2055	T3713	T3708	punct	],16
R2056	T3714	T3671	punct	.,expressed
R2057	T3716	T3717	mark	As,indicated
R2058	T3717	T3719	advcl	indicated,investigated
R2059	T3718	T3717	nsubj	results,indicated
R2060	T3720	T3721	mark	that,functioned
R2061	T3721	T3717	ccomp	functioned,indicated
R2062	T3722	T3721	nsubj	Fgf9,functioned
R2063	T3723	T3724	advmod	downstream,Sry
R2064	T3724	T3721	dobj	Sry,functioned
R2065	T3725	T3723	prep	of,downstream
R2066	T3726	T3724	punct	", ",Sry
R2067	T3727	T3724	cc	or,Sry
R2068	T3728	T3724	prep	in,Sry
R2069	T3729	T3728	pobj	parallel,in
R2070	T3730	T3729	prep	with,parallel
R2071	T3731	T3719	punct	", ",investigated
R2072	T3732	T3719	nsubj	we,investigated
R2073	T3733	T3734	mark	whether,involved
R2074	T3734	T3719	ccomp	involved,investigated
R2075	T3735	T3734	nsubjpass	Fgf9,involved
R2076	T3736	T3734	auxpass	was,involved
R2077	T3737	T3734	prep	in,involved
R2078	T3738	T3739	det	the,regulation
R2079	T3739	T3737	pobj	regulation,in
R2080	T3740	T3739	amod	up,regulation
R2081	T3741	T3739	punct	-,regulation
R2082	T3742	T3739	prep	of,regulation
R2083	T3743	T3744	compound	Sox9,expression
R2084	T3744	T3742	pobj	expression,of
R2085	T3745	T3719	punct	.,investigated
R2086	T3747	T3748	amod	Primary,cell
R2087	T3748	T3749	nmod	cell,culture
R2088	T3749	T3750	nmod	culture,systems
R2089	T3750	T3754	nsubjpass	systems,used
R2090	T3751	T3749	cc	and,culture
R2091	T3752	T3753	compound	gonad,culture
R2092	T3753	T3749	conj	culture,culture
R2093	T3755	T3754	auxpass	were,used
R2094	T3756	T3757	aux	to,assess
R2095	T3757	T3754	advcl	assess,used
R2096	T3758	T3759	compound	Sox9,activation
R2097	T3759	T3757	dobj	activation,assess
R2098	T3760	T3759	prep	by,activation
R2099	T3761	T3762	amod	exogenous,FGF9
R2100	T3762	T3760	pobj	FGF9,by
R2101	T3763	T3754	punct	.,used
R2102	T3765	T3766	prep	For,isolated
R2103	T3767	T3768	advmod	in,vitro
R2104	T3768	T3769	amod	vitro,culture
R2105	T3769	T3765	pobj	culture,For
R2106	T3770	T3769	compound	cell,culture
R2107	T3771	T3766	punct	", ",isolated
R2108	T3772	T3766	nsubjpass	cells,isolated
R2109	T3773	T3766	auxpass	were,isolated
R2110	T3774	T3766	prep	from,isolated
R2111	T3775	T3776	nummod	11.5,dpc
R2112	T3776	T3777	compound	dpc,gonads
R2113	T3777	T3774	pobj	gonads,from
R2114	T3778	T3777	amod	free,gonads
R2115	T3779	T3778	prep	of,free
R2116	T3780	T3779	pobj	mesonephroi,of
R2117	T3781	T3766	punct	", ",isolated
R2118	T3782	T3766	cc	and,isolated
R2119	T3783	T3766	conj	cultured,isolated
R2120	T3784	T3783	prep	on,cultured
R2121	T3785	T3786	amod	extracellular,coverslips
R2122	T3786	T3784	pobj	coverslips,on
R2123	T3787	T3788	npadvmod	matrix,coated
R2124	T3788	T3786	amod	coated,coverslips
R2125	T3789	T3788	punct	-,coated
R2126	T3790	T3783	prep	with,cultured
R2127	T3791	T3790	cc	or,with
R2128	T3792	T3790	conj	without,with
R2129	T3793	T3792	pobj	addition,without
R2130	T3794	T3793	prep	of,addition
R2131	T3795	T3796	amod	purified,FGF9
R2132	T3796	T3794	pobj	FGF9,of
R2133	T3797	T3793	prep	in,addition
R2134	T3798	T3799	compound	culture,media
R2135	T3799	T3797	pobj	media,in
R2136	T3800	T3766	punct	.,isolated
R2137	T3802	T3803	prep	After,monitored
R2138	T3804	T3802	pobj	culture,After
R2139	T3805	T3804	prep	for,culture
R2140	T3806	T3807	nummod	24,h
R2141	T3807	T3805	pobj	h,for
R2142	T3808	T3803	punct	", ",monitored
R2143	T3809	T3810	compound	SOX9,expression
R2144	T3810	T3803	nsubjpass	expression,monitored
R2145	T3811	T3803	auxpass	was,monitored
R2146	T3812	T3803	prep	by,monitored
R2147	T3813	T3814	det	an,antibody
R2148	T3814	T3812	pobj	antibody,by
R2149	T3815	T3814	amod	specific,antibody
R2150	T3816	T3815	prep	to,specific
R2151	T3817	T3816	pobj	SOX9,to
R2152	T3818	T3803	prep	in,monitored
R2153	T3819	T3820	compound	XX,cells
R2154	T3820	T3818	pobj	cells,in
R2155	T3821	T3820	cc	and,cells
R2156	T3822	T3823	compound	control,cells
R2157	T3823	T3820	conj	cells,cells
R2158	T3824	T3823	compound	XY,cells
R2159	T3825	T3803	punct	.,monitored
R2160	T3827	T3828	amod	Exogenous,FGF9
R2161	T3828	T3829	nsubj	FGF9,increased
R2162	T3830	T3831	compound	cell,number
R2163	T3831	T3829	dobj	number,increased
R2164	T3832	T3829	prep	in,increased
R2165	T3833	T3834	nmod	XX,cell
R2166	T3834	T3837	compound	cell,cultures
R2167	T3835	T3833	cc	and,XX
R2168	T3836	T3833	conj	XY,XX
R2169	T3837	T3832	pobj	cultures,in
R2170	T3838	T3829	prep	compared,increased
R2171	T3839	T3838	prep	with,compared
R2172	T3840	T3839	pobj	cells,with
R2173	T3841	T3840	prep	in,cells
R2174	T3842	T3843	det	a,culture
R2175	T3843	T3841	pobj	culture,in
R2176	T3844	T3843	amod	duplicate,culture
R2177	T3845	T3840	prep	without,cells
R2178	T3846	T3847	compound	FGF9,treatment
R2179	T3847	T3845	pobj	treatment,without
R2180	T3848	T3849	punct	(,data
R2181	T3849	T3829	meta	data,increased
R2182	T3850	T3849	amod	unpublished,data
R2183	T3851	T3849	punct	),data
R2184	T3852	T3829	punct	", ",increased
R2185	T3853	T3829	cc	and,increased
R2186	T3854	T3829	conj	caused,increased
R2187	T3855	T3856	det	the,regulation
R2188	T3856	T3854	dobj	regulation,caused
R2189	T3857	T3856	amod	up,regulation
R2190	T3858	T3856	punct	-,regulation
R2191	T3859	T3856	prep	of,regulation
R2192	T3860	T3859	pobj	SOX9,of
R2193	T3861	T3856	prep	in,regulation
R2194	T3862	T3863	compound	XX,cells
R2195	T3863	T3861	pobj	cells,in
R2196	T3864	T3865	punct	(,2E
R2197	T3865	T3854	parataxis	2E,caused
R2198	T3866	T3865	compound	Figure,2E
R2199	T3867	T3868	punct	–,2H
R2200	T3868	T3865	prep	2H,2E
R2201	T3869	T3865	punct	),2E
R2202	T3870	T3829	punct	.,increased
R2203	T3872	T3873	amod	Up,regulation
R2204	T3873	T3875	nsubjpass	regulation,seen
R2205	T3874	T3873	punct	-,regulation
R2206	T3876	T3873	prep	of,regulation
R2207	T3877	T3876	pobj	SOX9,of
R2208	T3878	T3875	aux	had,seen
R2209	T3879	T3875	neg	not,seen
R2210	T3880	T3875	advmod	previously,seen
R2211	T3881	T3875	auxpass	been,seen
R2212	T3882	T3875	prep	in,seen
R2213	T3883	T3884	amod	whole,gonads
R2214	T3884	T3882	pobj	gonads,in
R2215	T3885	T3884	compound	XX,gonads
R2216	T3886	T3884	acl	cultured,gonads
R2217	T3887	T3886	prep	with,cultured
R2218	T3888	T3889	amod	exogenous,FGF9
R2219	T3889	T3887	pobj	FGF9,with
R2220	T3890	T3891	punct	[,9
R2221	T3891	T3875	parataxis	9,seen
R2222	T3892	T3891	punct	],9
R2223	T3893	T3875	punct	.,seen
R2224	T3895	T3896	aux	To,explain
R2225	T3896	T3897	advcl	explain,reasoned
R2226	T3898	T3899	det	the,difference
R2227	T3899	T3896	dobj	difference,explain
R2228	T3900	T3899	prep	between,difference
R2229	T3901	T3902	amod	experimental,results
R2230	T3902	T3900	pobj	results,between
R2231	T3903	T3902	prep	from,results
R2232	T3904	T3905	amod	dissociated,cells
R2233	T3905	T3903	pobj	cells,from
R2234	T3906	T3905	nmod	XX,cells
R2235	T3907	T3905	amod	gonadal,cells
R2236	T3908	T3905	cc	and,cells
R2237	T3909	T3910	compound	XX,gonads
R2238	T3910	T3905	conj	gonads,cells
R2239	T3911	T3897	punct	", ",reasoned
R2240	T3912	T3897	nsubj	we,reasoned
R2241	T3913	T3914	mark	that,be
R2242	T3914	T3897	advcl	be,reasoned
R2243	T3915	T3916	det	the,concentrations
R2244	T3916	T3914	nsubj	concentrations,be
R2245	T3917	T3916	amod	local,concentrations
R2246	T3918	T3916	prep	of,concentrations
R2247	T3919	T3918	pobj	FGF9,of
R2248	T3920	T3914	aux	might,be
R2249	T3921	T3914	neg	not,be
R2250	T3922	T3914	acomp	high,be
R2251	T3923	T3922	advmod	enough,high
R2252	T3924	T3925	aux	to,override
R2253	T3925	T3922	xcomp	override,high
R2254	T3926	T3927	compound	blocking,signals
R2255	T3927	T3925	dobj	signals,override
R2256	T3928	T3925	prep	in,override
R2257	T3929	T3930	det	the,gonad
R2258	T3930	T3928	pobj	gonad,in
R2259	T3931	T3930	amod	intact,gonad
R2260	T3932	T3930	compound	XX,gonad
R2261	T3933	T3914	punct	", ",be
R2262	T3934	T3914	cc	or,be
R2263	T3935	T3936	mark	that,localized
R2264	T3936	T3914	conj	localized,be
R2265	T3937	T3938	amod	active,FGF9
R2266	T3938	T3936	nsubjpass	FGF9,localized
R2267	T3939	T3936	auxpass	was,localized
R2268	T3940	T3936	neg	not,localized
R2269	T3941	T3936	advmod	efficiently,localized
R2270	T3942	T3936	cc	or,localized
R2271	T3943	T3936	conj	presented,localized
R2272	T3944	T3943	prep	in,presented
R2273	T3945	T3946	det	the,matrix
R2274	T3946	T3944	pobj	matrix,in
R2275	T3947	T3946	amod	extracellular,matrix
R2276	T3948	T3946	prep	of,matrix
R2277	T3949	T3950	det	the,gonad
R2278	T3950	T3948	pobj	gonad,of
R2279	T3951	T3950	compound	XX,gonad
R2280	T3952	T3897	punct	.,reasoned
R2281	T3954	T3955	aux	To,test
R2282	T3955	T3956	advcl	test,modified
R2283	T3957	T3958	det	the,effect
R2284	T3958	T3955	dobj	effect,test
R2285	T3959	T3958	amod	local,effect
R2286	T3960	T3958	prep	of,effect
R2287	T3961	T3960	pobj	FGF9,of
R2288	T3962	T3956	punct	", ",modified
R2289	T3963	T3956	nsubj	we,modified
R2290	T3964	T3965	det	the,culture
R2291	T3965	T3956	dobj	culture,modified
R2292	T3966	T3967	compound	XX,gonad
R2293	T3967	T3965	compound	gonad,culture
R2294	T3968	T3956	prep	by,modified
R2295	T3969	T3970	advmod	stably,immobilizing
R2296	T3970	T3968	pcomp	immobilizing,by
R2297	T3971	T3970	dobj	FGF9,immobilizing
R2298	T3972	T3971	punct	", ",FGF9
R2299	T3973	T3971	cc	or,FGF9
R2300	T3974	T3971	conj	BSA,FGF9
R2301	T3975	T3974	prep	as,BSA
R2302	T3976	T3977	det	a,control
R2303	T3977	T3975	pobj	control,as
R2304	T3978	T3970	punct	", ",immobilizing
R2305	T3979	T3970	prep	on,immobilizing
R2306	T3980	T3979	pobj	beads,on
R2307	T3981	T3982	punct	(,2I
R2308	T3982	T3956	parataxis	2I,modified
R2309	T3983	T3982	compound	Figure,2I
R2310	T3984	T3985	punct	–,2K
R2311	T3985	T3982	prep	2K,2I
R2312	T3986	T3982	punct	),2I
R2313	T3987	T3956	punct	.,modified
R2314	T3989	T3990	prep	Under,regulated
R2315	T3991	T3992	det	these,conditions
R2316	T3992	T3989	pobj	conditions,Under
R2317	T3993	T3990	punct	", ",regulated
R2318	T3994	T3995	compound	SOX9,expression
R2319	T3995	T3990	nsubjpass	expression,regulated
R2320	T3996	T3990	auxpass	was,regulated
R2321	T3997	T3990	advmod	up,regulated
R2322	T3998	T3990	punct	-,regulated
R2323	T3999	T3990	advmod	locally,regulated
R2324	T4000	T3990	prep	in,regulated
R2325	T4001	T4000	pobj	cells,in
R2326	T4002	T4001	prep	near,cells
R2327	T4003	T4004	det	the,surface
R2328	T4004	T4002	pobj	surface,near
R2329	T4005	T4004	prep	of,surface
R2330	T4006	T4007	det	the,gonad
R2331	T4007	T4005	pobj	gonad,of
R2332	T4008	T4007	compound	XX,gonad
R2333	T4009	T4001	prep	in,cells
R2334	T4010	T4009	pobj	contact,in
R2335	T4011	T4010	prep	with,contact
R2336	T4012	T4013	det	the,bead
R2337	T4013	T4011	pobj	bead,with
R2338	T4014	T4013	compound	FGF9,bead
R2339	T4015	T4016	punct	(,2K
R2340	T4016	T3990	parataxis	2K,regulated
R2341	T4017	T4016	compound	Figure,2K
R2342	T4018	T4016	punct	),2K
R2343	T4019	T3990	punct	.,regulated
R2344	T4021	T4022	advcl	Taken,demonstrate
R2345	T4023	T4021	advmod	together,Taken
R2346	T4024	T4022	punct	", ",demonstrate
R2347	T4025	T4026	det	these,data
R2348	T4026	T4022	nsubj	data,demonstrate
R2349	T4027	T4028	advmod	in,vitro
R2350	T4028	T4026	amod	vitro,data
R2351	T4029	T4030	mark	that,induce
R2352	T4030	T4022	ccomp	induce,demonstrate
R2353	T4031	T4032	amod	ectopic,signaling
R2354	T4032	T4030	nsubj	signaling,induce
R2355	T4033	T4032	compound	FGF9,signaling
R2356	T4034	T4030	aux	can,induce
R2357	T4035	T4036	compound	SOX9,expression
R2358	T4036	T4030	dobj	expression,induce
R2359	T4037	T4030	prep	in,induce
R2360	T4038	T4039	nmod	XX,cells
R2361	T4039	T4037	pobj	cells,in
R2362	T4040	T4039	amod	gonadal,cells
R2363	T4041	T4022	punct	", ",demonstrate
R2364	T4042	T4022	advcl	suggesting,demonstrate
R2365	T4043	T4044	det	a,interaction
R2366	T4044	T4042	dobj	interaction,suggesting
R2367	T4045	T4044	amod	positive,interaction
R2368	T4046	T4044	prep	between,interaction
R2369	T4047	T4046	pobj	Fgf9,between
R2370	T4048	T4047	cc	and,Fgf9
R2371	T4049	T4047	conj	Sox9,Fgf9
R2372	T4050	T4022	punct	.,demonstrate
R2373	T4198	T4199	nsubjpass	Fgf9,Required
R2374	T4200	T4199	auxpass	Is,Required
R2375	T4201	T4199	prep	for,Required
R2376	T4202	T4201	pcomp	Maintaining,for
R2377	T4203	T4204	compound	SOX9,Expression
R2378	T4204	T4202	dobj	Expression,Maintaining
R2379	T4205	T4202	prep	in,Maintaining
R2380	T4206	T4207	compound	XY,Gonads
R2381	T4207	T4205	pobj	Gonads,in
R2382	T4209	T4210	aux	To,investigate
R2383	T4210	T4211	advcl	investigate,assessed
R2384	T4212	T4213	mark	whether,is
R2385	T4213	T4210	ccomp	is,investigate
R2386	T4214	T4213	nsubj	Fgf9,is
R2387	T4215	T4213	acomp	essential,is
R2388	T4216	T4215	prep	for,essential
R2389	T4217	T4218	det	the,regulation
R2390	T4218	T4216	pobj	regulation,for
R2391	T4219	T4218	amod	up,regulation
R2392	T4220	T4218	punct	-,regulation
R2393	T4221	T4218	prep	of,regulation
R2394	T4222	T4221	pobj	Sox9,of
R2395	T4223	T4224	advmod	in,vivo
R2396	T4224	T4218	advmod	vivo,regulation
R2397	T4225	T4211	punct	", ",assessed
R2398	T4226	T4211	nsubj	we,assessed
R2399	T4227	T4228	compound	SOX9,expression
R2400	T4228	T4211	dobj	expression,assessed
R2401	T4229	T4211	prep	in,assessed
R2402	T4230	T4231	nmod	loss,gonads
R2403	T4231	T4229	pobj	gonads,in
R2404	T4232	T4230	punct	-,loss
R2405	T4233	T4230	prep	of,loss
R2406	T4234	T4233	punct	-,of
R2407	T4235	T4233	pobj	function,of
R2408	T4236	T4231	nmod	Fgf9,gonads
R2409	T4237	T4236	punct	+,Fgf9
R2410	T4238	T4236	punct	/,Fgf9
R2411	T4239	T4236	punct	−,Fgf9
R2412	T4240	T4236	cc	and,Fgf9
R2413	T4241	T4236	conj	Fgf9,Fgf9
R2414	T4242	T4241	punct	−,Fgf9
R2415	T4243	T4241	punct	/,Fgf9
R2416	T4244	T4241	punct	−,Fgf9
R2417	T4245	T4231	compound	XY,gonads
R2418	T4246	T4231	prep	at,gonads
R2419	T4247	T4248	quantmod	11.5,12.5
R2420	T4248	T4250	nummod	12.5,dpc
R2421	T4249	T4248	punct	–,12.5
R2422	T4250	T4246	pobj	dpc,at
R2423	T4251	T4252	punct	(,3A
R2424	T4252	T4211	parataxis	3A,assessed
R2425	T4253	T4252	compound	Figure,3A
R2426	T4254	T4255	punct	–,3F
R2427	T4255	T4252	prep	3F,3A
R2428	T4256	T4252	punct	),3A
R2429	T4257	T4211	punct	.,assessed
R2430	T4259	T4260	prep	In,detected
R2431	T4261	T4262	amod	wild,type
R2432	T4262	T4264	nmod	type,gonads
R2433	T4263	T4262	punct	-,type
R2434	T4264	T4259	pobj	gonads,In
R2435	T4265	T4262	cc	and,type
R2436	T4266	T4267	amod	heterozygous,mutant
R2437	T4267	T4262	conj	mutant,type
R2438	T4268	T4264	compound	XY,gonads
R2439	T4269	T4264	prep	at,gonads
R2440	T4270	T4271	nummod	11.5,dpc
R2441	T4271	T4269	pobj	dpc,at
R2442	T4272	T4260	punct	", ",detected
R2443	T4273	T4260	nsubjpass	SOX9,detected
R2444	T4274	T4260	auxpass	was,detected
R2445	T4275	T4260	prep	in,detected
R2446	T4276	T4277	det	a,number
R2447	T4277	T4275	pobj	number,in
R2448	T4278	T4277	amod	small,number
R2449	T4279	T4277	prep	of,number
R2450	T4280	T4279	pobj	cells,of
R2451	T4281	T4277	prep	in,number
R2452	T4282	T4283	det	the,gonad
R2453	T4283	T4281	pobj	gonad,in
R2454	T4284	T4285	punct	(,3A
R2455	T4285	T4260	parataxis	3A,detected
R2456	T4286	T4285	compound	Figure,3A
R2457	T4287	T4285	punct	),3A
R2458	T4288	T4260	punct	.,detected
R2459	T4290	T4291	prep	Over,accumulated
R2460	T4292	T4293	det	the,h
R2461	T4293	T4290	pobj	h,Over
R2462	T4294	T4293	amod	next,h
R2463	T4295	T4293	nummod	6,h
R2464	T4296	T4293	prep	of,h
R2465	T4297	T4296	pobj	development,of
R2466	T4298	T4291	punct	", ",accumulated
R2467	T4299	T4300	amod	nuclear,SOX9
R2468	T4300	T4291	nsubj	SOX9,accumulated
R2469	T4301	T4291	advmod	rapidly,accumulated
R2470	T4302	T4291	prep	in,accumulated
R2471	T4303	T4302	pobj	cells,in
R2472	T4304	T4291	prep	toward,accumulated
R2473	T4305	T4306	det	the,cortex
R2474	T4306	T4304	pobj	cortex,toward
R2475	T4307	T4306	cc	and,cortex
R2476	T4308	T4309	det	the,poles
R2477	T4309	T4306	conj	poles,cortex
R2478	T4310	T4309	amod	anterior,poles
R2479	T4311	T4310	cc	and,anterior
R2480	T4312	T4310	conj	posterior,anterior
R2481	T4313	T4309	prep	of,poles
R2482	T4314	T4315	det	the,gonad
R2483	T4315	T4313	pobj	gonad,of
R2484	T4316	T4291	punct	", ",accumulated
R2485	T4317	T4291	advcl	replicating,accumulated
R2486	T4318	T4317	dobj	patterns,replicating
R2487	T4319	T4320	advmod	previously,reported
R2488	T4320	T4318	acl	reported,patterns
R2489	T4321	T4320	prep	for,reported
R2490	T4322	T4323	preconj	both,Sry
R2491	T4323	T4324	nmod	Sry,expression
R2492	T4324	T4321	pobj	expression,for
R2493	T4325	T4323	cc	and,Sry
R2494	T4326	T4323	conj	Sox9,Sry
R2495	T4327	T4328	punct	[,16
R2496	T4328	T4291	parataxis	16,accumulated
R2497	T4329	T4328	nummod	2,16
R2498	T4330	T4328	punct	",",16
R2499	T4331	T4328	punct	",",16
R2500	T4332	T4328	appos	34,16
R2501	T4333	T4334	punct	–,36
R2502	T4334	T4332	prep	36,34
R2503	T4335	T4328	punct	],16
R2504	T4336	T4291	punct	.,accumulated
R2505	T4338	T4339	det	This,pattern
R2506	T4339	T4341	nsubjpass	pattern,observed
R2507	T4340	T4339	amod	unique,pattern
R2508	T4342	T4341	auxpass	was,observed
R2509	T4343	T4341	advmod	also,observed
R2510	T4344	T4341	prep	in,observed
R2511	T4345	T4346	nmod	Fgf9,gonads
R2512	T4346	T4344	pobj	gonads,in
R2513	T4347	T4345	punct	−,Fgf9
R2514	T4348	T4345	punct	/,Fgf9
R2515	T4349	T4345	punct	−,Fgf9
R2516	T4350	T4346	compound	XY,gonads
R2517	T4351	T4352	punct	(,3D
R2518	T4352	T4341	parataxis	3D,observed
R2519	T4353	T4352	compound	Figure,3D
R2520	T4354	T4352	cc	and,3D
R2521	T4355	T4352	conj	3E,3D
R2522	T4356	T4352	punct	),3D
R2523	T4357	T4341	punct	.,observed
R2524	T4359	T4360	amod	Somatic,cells
R2525	T4360	T4361	nsubj	cells,were
R2526	T4362	T4360	prep	within,cells
R2527	T4363	T4364	nmod	Fgf9,gonads
R2528	T4364	T4362	pobj	gonads,within
R2529	T4365	T4363	punct	−,Fgf9
R2530	T4366	T4363	punct	/,Fgf9
R2531	T4367	T4363	punct	−,Fgf9
R2532	T4368	T4361	acomp	positive,were
R2533	T4369	T4368	prep	for,positive
R2534	T4370	T4369	pobj	SOX9,for
R2535	T4371	T4361	prep	at,were
R2536	T4372	T4373	nummod	11.5,dpc
R2537	T4373	T4371	pobj	dpc,at
R2538	T4374	T4373	punct	", ",dpc
R2539	T4375	T4376	det	the,stages
R2540	T4376	T4373	appos	stages,dpc
R2541	T4377	T4376	amod	earliest,stages
R2542	T4378	T4376	acl	examined,stages
R2543	T4379	T4361	punct	", ",were
R2544	T4380	T4361	advcl	demonstrating,were
R2545	T4381	T4382	mark	that,disrupted
R2546	T4382	T4380	ccomp	disrupted,demonstrating
R2547	T4383	T4384	amod	initial,expression
R2548	T4384	T4382	nsubjpass	expression,disrupted
R2549	T4385	T4384	cc	and,expression
R2550	T4386	T4387	amod	up,regulation
R2551	T4387	T4384	conj	regulation,expression
R2552	T4388	T4387	punct	-,regulation
R2553	T4389	T4384	prep	of,expression
R2554	T4390	T4389	pobj	SOX9,of
R2555	T4391	T4382	auxpass	were,disrupted
R2556	T4392	T4382	neg	not,disrupted
R2557	T4393	T4382	prep	in,disrupted
R2558	T4394	T4395	nmod	Fgf9,mutant
R2559	T4395	T4399	compound	mutant,gonads
R2560	T4396	T4394	punct	−,Fgf9
R2561	T4397	T4394	punct	/,Fgf9
R2562	T4398	T4394	punct	−,Fgf9
R2563	T4399	T4393	pobj	gonads,in
R2564	T4400	T4399	compound	XY,gonads
R2565	T4401	T4402	amod	prior,to
R2566	T4402	T4382	prep	to,disrupted
R2567	T4403	T4404	nummod	12.0,dpc
R2568	T4404	T4402	pobj	dpc,to
R2569	T4405	T4361	punct	.,were
R2570	T4407	T4408	advmod	Notably,was
R2571	T4409	T4408	punct	", ",was
R2572	T4410	T4408	prep	in,was
R2573	T4411	T4412	nmod	Fgf9,gonads
R2574	T4412	T4410	pobj	gonads,in
R2575	T4413	T4411	punct	−,Fgf9
R2576	T4414	T4411	punct	/,Fgf9
R2577	T4415	T4411	punct	−,Fgf9
R2578	T4416	T4412	compound	XY,gonads
R2579	T4417	T4408	punct	", ",was
R2580	T4418	T4408	nsubj	SOX9,was
R2581	T4419	T4420	neg	no,longer
R2582	T4420	T4408	advmod	longer,was
R2583	T4421	T4408	acomp	detectable,was
R2584	T4422	T4408	prep	by,was
R2585	T4423	T4424	nummod	12.5,dpc
R2586	T4424	T4422	pobj	dpc,by
R2587	T4425	T4408	punct	", ",was
R2588	T4426	T4408	cc	and,was
R2589	T4427	T4428	compound	Sertoli,cells
R2590	T4428	T4430	nsubj	cells,began
R2591	T4429	T4428	compound	precursor,cells
R2592	T4430	T4408	conj	began,was
R2593	T4431	T4430	neg	never,began
R2594	T4432	T4433	aux	to,organize
R2595	T4433	T4430	xcomp	organize,began
R2596	T4434	T4433	prep	into,organize
R2597	T4435	T4436	amod	normal,structures
R2598	T4436	T4434	pobj	structures,into
R2599	T4437	T4436	compound	testis,structures
R2600	T4438	T4436	compound	cord,structures
R2601	T4439	T4440	punct	(,3F
R2602	T4440	T4408	parataxis	3F,was
R2603	T4441	T4440	compound	Figure,3F
R2604	T4442	T4440	punct	),3F
R2605	T4443	T4408	punct	.,was
R2606	T4445	T4446	det	These,data
R2607	T4446	T4447	nsubj	data,indicate
R2608	T4448	T4449	mark	that,is
R2609	T4449	T4447	ccomp	is,indicate
R2610	T4450	T4451	mark	although,required
R2611	T4451	T4449	advcl	required,is
R2612	T4452	T4451	nsubjpass	Fgf9,required
R2613	T4453	T4451	auxpass	is,required
R2614	T4454	T4451	neg	not,required
R2615	T4455	T4451	prep	for,required
R2616	T4456	T4457	det	the,regulation
R2617	T4457	T4455	pobj	regulation,for
R2618	T4458	T4457	amod	up,regulation
R2619	T4459	T4457	punct	-,regulation
R2620	T4460	T4457	prep	of,regulation
R2621	T4461	T4460	pobj	Sox9,of
R2622	T4462	T4463	advmod	in,vivo
R2623	T4463	T4457	advmod	vivo,regulation
R2624	T4464	T4449	punct	", ",is
R2625	T4465	T4449	nsubj	it,is
R2626	T4466	T4449	acomp	indispensable,is
R2627	T4467	T4468	aux	to,maintain
R2628	T4468	T4449	advcl	maintain,is
R2629	T4469	T4470	compound	Sox9,expression
R2630	T4470	T4468	dobj	expression,maintain
R2631	T4471	T4468	prep	in,maintain
R2632	T4472	T4473	compound	Sertoli,cells
R2633	T4473	T4471	pobj	cells,in
R2634	T4474	T4473	compound	precursor,cells
R2635	T4475	T4447	punct	.,indicate
R2636	T4674	T4675	nsubjpass	Sox9,Required
R2637	T4676	T4675	auxpass	Is,Required
R2638	T4677	T4675	prep	for,Required
R2639	T4678	T4679	nmod	Fgf9,Regulation
R2640	T4679	T4677	pobj	Regulation,for
R2641	T4680	T4679	amod	Up,Regulation
R2642	T4681	T4679	punct	-,Regulation
R2643	T4682	T4675	prep	in,Required
R2644	T4683	T4684	compound	XY,Gonads
R2645	T4684	T4682	pobj	Gonads,in
R2646	T4686	T4687	nsubj	We,hypothesized
R2647	T4688	T4689	mark	that,be
R2648	T4689	T4687	ccomp	be,hypothesized
R2649	T4690	T4691	mark	if,were
R2650	T4691	T4689	advcl	were,be
R2651	T4692	T4693	det	the,relationship
R2652	T4693	T4691	nsubj	relationship,were
R2653	T4694	T4693	amod	linear,relationship
R2654	T4695	T4693	prep	among,relationship
R2655	T4696	T4697	det	the,genes
R2656	T4697	T4695	pobj	genes,among
R2657	T4698	T4697	nummod	three,genes
R2658	T4699	T4691	attr	Sry,were
R2659	T4700	T4701	punct	→,Fgf9
R2660	T4701	T4699	prep	Fgf9,Sry
R2661	T4702	T4703	punct	→,Sox9
R2662	T4703	T4701	prep	Sox9,Fgf9
R2663	T4704	T4689	punct	", ",be
R2664	T4705	T4689	nsubj	expression,be
R2665	T4706	T4705	prep	of,expression
R2666	T4707	T4706	pobj	Fgf9,of
R2667	T4708	T4689	aux	would,be
R2668	T4709	T4689	acomp	normal,be
R2669	T4710	T4689	prep	in,be
R2670	T4711	T4712	compound	XY,gonads
R2671	T4712	T4710	pobj	gonads,in
R2672	T4713	T4689	prep	in,be
R2673	T4714	T4715	det	the,absence
R2674	T4715	T4713	pobj	absence,in
R2675	T4716	T4715	prep	of,absence
R2676	T4717	T4716	pobj	Sox9,of
R2677	T4718	T4687	punct	.,hypothesized
R2678	T4720	T4721	advmod	Alternatively,be
R2679	T4722	T4721	punct	", ",be
R2680	T4723	T4724	mark	if,were
R2681	T4724	T4721	advcl	were,be
R2682	T4725	T4726	det	the,relationship
R2683	T4726	T4724	nsubj	relationship,were
R2684	T4727	T4724	attr	Sry,were
R2685	T4728	T4729	punct	→,Sox9
R2686	T4729	T4727	prep	Sox9,Sry
R2687	T4730	T4731	punct	→,Fgf9
R2688	T4731	T4729	prep	Fgf9,Sox9
R2689	T4732	T4721	punct	", ",be
R2690	T4733	T4721	nsubj	expression,be
R2691	T4734	T4733	prep	of,expression
R2692	T4735	T4734	pobj	Fgf9,of
R2693	T4736	T4721	aux	should,be
R2694	T4737	T4721	acomp	reduced,be
R2695	T4738	T4737	cc	or,reduced
R2696	T4739	T4737	conj	absent,reduced
R2697	T4740	T4721	prep	in,be
R2698	T4741	T4742	compound	XY,gonads
R2699	T4742	T4740	pobj	gonads,in
R2700	T4743	T4721	prep	in,be
R2701	T4744	T4745	det	the,absence
R2702	T4745	T4743	pobj	absence,in
R2703	T4746	T4745	prep	of,absence
R2704	T4747	T4746	pobj	Sox9,of
R2705	T4748	T4721	punct	.,be
R2706	T4750	T4751	nsubj	We,examined
R2707	T4752	T4753	compound	Fgf9,expression
R2708	T4753	T4751	dobj	expression,examined
R2709	T4754	T4751	prep	in,examined
R2710	T4755	T4756	nmod	Sox9,mutant
R2711	T4756	T4758	nmod	mutant,gonads
R2712	T4757	T4756	amod	homozygous,mutant
R2713	T4758	T4754	pobj	gonads,in
R2714	T4759	T4756	punct	(,mutant
R2715	T4760	T4756	appos	Sox9,mutant
R2716	T4761	T4760	punct	Δ,Sox9
R2717	T4762	T4760	punct	/,Sox9
R2718	T4763	T4760	punct	Δ,Sox9
R2719	T4764	T4756	punct	),mutant
R2720	T4765	T4758	compound	XY,gonads
R2721	T4766	T4758	acl	generated,gonads
R2722	T4767	T4766	prep	by,generated
R2723	T4768	T4767	pcomp	crossing,by
R2724	T4769	T4768	dobj	mice,crossing
R2725	T4770	T4769	amod	homozygous,mice
R2726	T4771	T4770	prep	for,homozygous
R2727	T4772	T4773	det	a,allele
R2728	T4773	T4771	pobj	allele,for
R2729	T4774	T4773	amod	conditional,allele
R2730	T4775	T4773	amod	null,allele
R2731	T4776	T4777	punct	(,flox
R2732	T4777	T4773	parataxis	flox,allele
R2733	T4778	T4777	punct	),flox
R2734	T4779	T4773	prep	of,allele
R2735	T4780	T4779	pobj	Sox9,of
R2736	T4781	T4773	punct	(,allele
R2737	T4782	T4783	compound	Sox9 flox,flox
R2738	T4783	T4773	appos	flox,allele
R2739	T4784	T4783	punct	/,flox
R2740	T4785	T4773	punct	),allele
R2741	T4786	T4768	prep	with,crossing
R2742	T4787	T4786	pobj	mice,with
R2743	T4788	T4787	acl	carrying,mice
R2744	T4789	T4790	npadvmod	germline,specific
R2745	T4790	T4792	amod	specific,transgenes
R2746	T4791	T4790	punct	-,specific
R2747	T4792	T4788	dobj	transgenes,carrying
R2748	T4793	T4792	compound	Cre,transgenes
R2749	T4794	T4792	punct	", ",transgenes
R2750	T4795	T4796	compound	Prm1,Cre
R2751	T4796	T4792	appos	Cre,transgenes
R2752	T4797	T4796	punct	-,Cre
R2753	T4798	T4796	prep	in,Cre
R2754	T4799	T4798	pobj	male,in
R2755	T4800	T4796	cc	and,Cre
R2756	T4801	T4802	compound	Zp3,Cre
R2757	T4802	T4796	conj	Cre,Cre
R2758	T4803	T4802	punct	-,Cre
R2759	T4804	T4802	prep	in,Cre
R2760	T4805	T4804	pobj	female,in
R2761	T4806	T4807	punct	[,37
R2762	T4807	T4751	parataxis	37,examined
R2763	T4808	T4807	nummod	22,37
R2764	T4809	T4807	punct	",",37
R2765	T4810	T4807	punct	],37
R2766	T4811	T4751	punct	.,examined
R2767	T4813	T4814	det	The,embryos
R2768	T4814	T4818	nsubj	embryos,die
R2769	T4815	T4816	npadvmod	Sox9,null
R2770	T4816	T4814	amod	null,embryos
R2771	T4817	T4814	compound	mutant,embryos
R2772	T4819	T4818	prep	after,die
R2773	T4820	T4821	nummod	11.5,dpc
R2774	T4821	T4819	pobj	dpc,after
R2775	T4822	T4818	prep	because,die
R2776	T4823	T4822	pcomp	of,because
R2777	T4824	T4825	amod	cardiovascular,defects
R2778	T4825	T4822	pobj	defects,because
R2779	T4826	T4827	punct	[,37
R2780	T4827	T4818	parataxis	37,die
R2781	T4828	T4827	punct	],37
R2782	T4829	T4818	punct	.,die
R2783	T4831	T4832	nsubj	Chaboissier,cultured
R2784	T4833	T4834	advmod	et,al.
R2785	T4834	T4831	advmod	al.,Chaboissier
R2786	T4835	T4836	punct	[,22
R2787	T4836	T4831	parataxis	22,Chaboissier
R2788	T4837	T4836	punct	],22
R2789	T4838	T4832	advmod	successfully,cultured
R2790	T4839	T4840	nummod	11.5,dpc
R2791	T4840	T4841	nmod	dpc,gonads
R2792	T4841	T4832	dobj	gonads,cultured
R2793	T4842	T4843	npadvmod	Sox9,null
R2794	T4843	T4841	amod	null,gonads
R2795	T4844	T4841	compound	mutant,gonads
R2796	T4845	T4846	advmod	in,vitro
R2797	T4846	T4832	advmod	vitro,cultured
R2798	T4847	T4832	cc	and,cultured
R2799	T4848	T4832	conj	detected,cultured
R2800	T4849	T4850	amod	male,markers
R2801	T4850	T4848	dobj	markers,detected
R2802	T4851	T4849	cc	and,male
R2803	T4852	T4849	conj	female,male
R2804	T4853	T4848	prep	after,detected
R2805	T4854	T4855	quantmod	2,3
R2806	T4855	T4857	nummod	3,d
R2807	T4856	T4855	punct	–,3
R2808	T4857	T4853	pobj	d,after
R2809	T4858	T4857	prep	of,d
R2810	T4859	T4858	pobj	culture,of
R2811	T4860	T4848	punct	", ",detected
R2812	T4861	T4848	advcl	suggesting,detected
R2813	T4862	T4863	mark	that,are
R2814	T4863	T4861	ccomp	are,suggesting
R2815	T4864	T4865	compound	Sox9,gonads
R2816	T4865	T4863	nsubj	gonads,are
R2817	T4866	T4865	compound	mutant,gonads
R2818	T4867	T4863	acomp	viable,are
R2819	T4868	T4867	cc	and,viable
R2820	T4869	T4870	advmod	developmentally,competent
R2821	T4870	T4867	conj	competent,viable
R2822	T4871	T4863	prep	at,are
R2823	T4872	T4873	nummod	11.5,dpc
R2824	T4873	T4871	pobj	dpc,at
R2825	T4874	T4873	punct	—,dpc
R2826	T4875	T4876	det	the,point
R2827	T4876	T4873	appos	point,dpc
R2828	T4877	T4876	compound	time,point
R2829	T4878	T4879	prep	at,collected
R2830	T4879	T4876	relcl	collected,point
R2831	T4880	T4878	pobj	which,at
R2832	T4881	T4879	nsubj	we,collected
R2833	T4882	T4879	dobj	samples,collected
R2834	T4883	T4884	aux	to,perform
R2835	T4884	T4879	advcl	perform,collected
R2836	T4885	T4886	nmod	mRNA,hybridization
R2837	T4886	T4884	dobj	hybridization,perform
R2838	T4887	T4888	advmod	in,situ
R2839	T4888	T4886	amod	situ,hybridization
R2840	T4889	T4890	punct	(,3G
R2841	T4890	T4848	parataxis	3G,detected
R2842	T4891	T4890	compound	Figure,3G
R2843	T4892	T4893	punct	–,3J
R2844	T4893	T4890	prep	3J,3G
R2845	T4894	T4890	punct	),3G
R2846	T4895	T4832	punct	.,cultured
R2847	T4897	T4898	det	The,expression
R2848	T4898	T4899	nsubj	expression,was
R2849	T4900	T4898	prep	of,expression
R2850	T4901	T4900	pobj	Fgf9,of
R2851	T4902	T4903	advmod	significantly,decreased
R2852	T4903	T4899	acomp	decreased,was
R2853	T4904	T4903	cc	or,decreased
R2854	T4905	T4903	conj	absent,decreased
R2855	T4906	T4899	prep	in,was
R2856	T4907	T4908	nmod	XY,gonads
R2857	T4908	T4906	pobj	gonads,in
R2858	T4909	T4908	nmod	Sox9,gonads
R2859	T4910	T4909	punct	Δ,Sox9
R2860	T4911	T4909	punct	/,Sox9
R2861	T4912	T4909	punct	Δ,Sox9
R2862	T4913	T4908	prep	at,gonads
R2863	T4914	T4915	nummod	11.5,dpc
R2864	T4915	T4913	pobj	dpc,at
R2865	T4916	T4917	punct	(,3J
R2866	T4917	T4899	parataxis	3J,was
R2867	T4918	T4917	compound	Figure,3J
R2868	T4919	T4917	punct	),3J
R2869	T4920	T4899	punct	", ",was
R2870	T4921	T4922	mark	while,was
R2871	T4922	T4899	advcl	was,was
R2872	T4923	T4924	compound	Sry,expression
R2873	T4924	T4922	nsubj	expression,was
R2874	T4925	T4922	acomp	similar,was
R2875	T4926	T4925	prep	to,similar
R2876	T4927	T4928	amod	wild,type
R2877	T4928	T4926	pobj	type,to
R2878	T4929	T4928	punct	-,type
R2879	T4930	T4931	punct	(,3G
R2880	T4931	T4926	parataxis	3G,to
R2881	T4932	T4931	compound	Figure,3G
R2882	T4933	T4931	cc	and,3G
R2883	T4934	T4931	conj	3H,3G
R2884	T4935	T4931	punct	),3G
R2885	T4936	T4922	punct	", ",was
R2886	T4937	T4938	mark	as,reported
R2887	T4938	T4922	advcl	reported,was
R2888	T4939	T4938	advmod	previously,reported
R2889	T4940	T4941	punct	[,20
R2890	T4941	T4922	parataxis	20,was
R2891	T4942	T4941	punct	],20
R2892	T4943	T4899	punct	", ",was
R2893	T4944	T4899	advcl	suggesting,was
R2894	T4945	T4946	mark	that,is
R2895	T4946	T4944	ccomp	is,suggesting
R2896	T4947	T4948	compound	Fgf9,expression
R2897	T4948	T4946	nsubj	expression,is
R2898	T4949	T4948	prep	in,expression
R2899	T4950	T4951	amod	wild,type
R2900	T4951	T4953	compound	type,gonads
R2901	T4952	T4951	punct	-,type
R2902	T4953	T4949	pobj	gonads,in
R2903	T4954	T4953	compound	XY,gonads
R2904	T4955	T4946	acomp	dependent,is
R2905	T4956	T4955	prep	on,dependent
R2906	T4957	T4958	det	the,expression
R2907	T4958	T4956	pobj	expression,on
R2908	T4959	T4958	prep	of,expression
R2909	T4960	T4959	pobj	Sox9,of
R2910	T4961	T4899	punct	.,was
R2911	T4963	T4964	det	These,findings
R2912	T4964	T4965	nsubj	findings,indicate
R2913	T4966	T4965	advmod	also,indicate
R2914	T4967	T4968	mark	that,is
R2915	T4968	T4965	ccomp	is,indicate
R2916	T4969	T4968	nsubj	expression,is
R2917	T4970	T4969	prep	of,expression
R2918	T4971	T4970	pobj	Sry,of
R2919	T4972	T4968	neg	not,is
R2920	T4973	T4968	acomp	sufficient,is
R2921	T4974	T4975	aux	to,regulate
R2922	T4975	T4973	xcomp	regulate,sufficient
R2923	T4976	T4975	dobj	Fgf9,regulate
R2924	T4977	T4975	prep	in,regulate
R2925	T4978	T4979	det	the,absence
R2926	T4979	T4977	pobj	absence,in
R2927	T4980	T4979	prep	of,absence
R2928	T4981	T4980	pobj	Sox9,of
R2929	T4982	T4965	punct	.,indicate
R2930	T4984	T4985	advmod	Therefore,conclude
R2931	T4986	T4985	punct	", ",conclude
R2932	T4987	T4985	nsubj	we,conclude
R2933	T4988	T4989	mark	that,is
R2934	T4989	T4985	ccomp	is,conclude
R2935	T4990	T4989	nsubj	Sox9,is
R2936	T4991	T4989	acomp	essential,is
R2937	T4992	T4991	prep	for,essential
R2938	T4993	T4994	compound	Fgf9,expression
R2939	T4994	T4992	pobj	expression,for
R2940	T4995	T4989	punct	", ",is
R2941	T4996	T4989	cc	and,is
R2942	T4997	T4998	nsubj	Fgf9,maintains
R2943	T4998	T4989	conj	maintains,is
R2944	T4999	T4998	punct	", ",maintains
R2945	T5000	T4998	prep	in,maintains
R2946	T5001	T5000	pobj	return,in
R2947	T5002	T4998	punct	", ",maintains
R2948	T5003	T5004	compound	Sox9,expression
R2949	T5004	T4998	dobj	expression,maintains
R2950	T5005	T4998	punct	", ",maintains
R2951	T5006	T4998	advcl	generating,maintains
R2952	T5007	T5008	det	a,loop
R2953	T5008	T5006	dobj	loop,generating
R2954	T5009	T5008	amod	positive,loop
R2955	T5010	T5008	nmod	feed,loop
R2956	T5011	T5010	punct	-,feed
R2957	T5012	T5010	advmod	forward,feed
R2958	T5013	T5008	prep	between,loop
R2959	T5014	T5015	det	these,genes
R2960	T5015	T5013	pobj	genes,between
R2961	T5016	T5015	nummod	two,genes
R2962	T5017	T5006	prep	in,generating
R2963	T5018	T5019	compound	XY,gonads
R2964	T5019	T5017	pobj	gonads,in
R2965	T5020	T4985	punct	.,conclude
R2966	T5140	T5141	prep	t as,Show
R2967	T5142	T5143	compound	Fgf9,Gonads
R2968	T5143	T5140	pobj	Gonads,t as
R2969	T5144	T5143	compound	Mutant,Gonads
R2970	T5145	T5141	punct	", ",Show
R2971	T5146	T5147	nmod	Sox9,Gonads
R2972	T5147	T5141	nsubj	Gonads,Show
R2973	T5148	T5146	punct	Δ,Sox9
R2974	T5149	T5146	punct	/,Sox9
R2975	T5150	T5146	punct	Δ,Sox9
R2976	T5151	T5147	compound	XY,Gonads
R2977	T5152	T5141	dobj	Defects,Show
R2978	T5153	T5152	prep	in,Defects
R2979	T5154	T5155	compound	Cell,Proliferation
R2980	T5155	T5153	pobj	Proliferation,in
R2981	T5157	T5158	nsubj	We,reported
R2982	T5159	T5158	advmod	previously,reported
R2983	T5160	T5161	mark	that,is
R2984	T5161	T5158	ccomp	is,reported
R2985	T5162	T5163	npadvmod	XY,specific
R2986	T5163	T5165	amod	specific,proliferation
R2987	T5164	T5163	punct	-,specific
R2988	T5165	T5161	nsubj	proliferation,is
R2989	T5166	T5165	compound	cell,proliferation
R2990	T5167	T5161	acomp	defective,is
R2991	T5168	T5161	prep	in,is
R2992	T5169	T5170	nmod	Fgf9,−
R2993	T5170	T5173	punct	−,gonads
R2994	T5171	T5170	punct	−,−
R2995	T5172	T5170	punct	/,−
R2996	T5173	T5168	pobj	gonads,in
R2997	T5174	T5173	compound	XY,gonads
R2998	T5175	T5176	punct	[,7
R2999	T5176	T5158	parataxis	7,reported
R3000	T5177	T5176	punct	],7
R3001	T5178	T5158	punct	.,reported
R3002	T5180	T5181	mark	Because,acts
R3003	T5181	T5183	advcl	acts,questioned
R3004	T5182	T5181	nsubj	Sox9,acts
R3005	T5184	T5181	prep	as,acts
R3006	T5185	T5186	det	a,regulator
R3007	T5186	T5184	pobj	regulator,as
R3008	T5187	T5186	amod	positive,regulator
R3009	T5188	T5186	prep	of,regulator
R3010	T5189	T5190	compound	Fgf9,expression
R3011	T5190	T5188	pobj	expression,of
R3012	T5191	T5183	punct	", ",questioned
R3013	T5192	T5183	nsubj	we,questioned
R3014	T5193	T5194	mark	whether,compromised
R3015	T5194	T5183	ccomp	compromised,questioned
R3016	T5195	T5196	compound	cell,proliferation
R3017	T5196	T5194	nsubjpass	proliferation,compromised
R3018	T5197	T5196	prep	in,proliferation
R3019	T5198	T5199	compound	XY,gonads
R3020	T5199	T5197	pobj	gonads,in
R3021	T5200	T5194	auxpass	was,compromised
R3022	T5201	T5194	advmod	also,compromised
R3023	T5202	T5194	agent	by,compromised
R3024	T5203	T5204	det	the,loss
R3025	T5204	T5202	pobj	loss,by
R3026	T5205	T5204	prep	of,loss
R3027	T5206	T5205	pobj	Sox9,of
R3028	T5207	T5183	punct	.,questioned
R3029	T5209	T5210	nsubj	We,examined
R3030	T5211	T5210	dobj	proliferation,examined
R3031	T5212	T5211	prep	in,proliferation
R3032	T5213	T5214	nmod	Sox9,gonads
R3033	T5214	T5212	pobj	gonads,in
R3034	T5215	T5213	punct	Δ,Sox9
R3035	T5216	T5213	punct	/,Sox9
R3036	T5217	T5213	punct	Δ,Sox9
R3037	T5218	T5211	prep	at,proliferation
R3038	T5219	T5220	nummod	11.5,dpc
R3039	T5220	T5218	pobj	dpc,at
R3040	T5221	T5210	advcl	using,examined
R3041	T5222	T5223	det	a,marker
R3042	T5223	T5221	dobj	marker,using
R3043	T5224	T5225	amod	mitotic,cell
R3044	T5225	T5223	compound	cell,marker
R3045	T5226	T5223	punct	", ",marker
R3046	T5227	T5228	amod	phosphorylated,H3
R3047	T5228	T5223	appos	H3,marker
R3048	T5229	T5228	compound	histone,H3
R3049	T5230	T5210	punct	.,examined
R3050	T5232	T5233	amod	Proliferating,cells
R3051	T5233	T5234	nsubj	cells,were
R3052	T5235	T5236	advmod	more,abundant
R3053	T5236	T5234	acomp	abundant,were
R3054	T5237	T5236	cc	and,abundant
R3055	T5238	T5236	conj	concentrated,abundant
R3056	T5239	T5234	prep	in,were
R3057	T5240	T5241	det	a,domain
R3058	T5241	T5239	pobj	domain,in
R3059	T5242	T5241	prep	near,domain
R3060	T5243	T5244	det	the,surface
R3061	T5244	T5242	pobj	surface,near
R3062	T5245	T5244	prep	of,surface
R3063	T5246	T5247	amod	wild,type
R3064	T5247	T5249	compound	type,gonads
R3065	T5248	T5247	punct	-,type
R3066	T5249	T5245	pobj	gonads,of
R3067	T5250	T5249	compound	XY,gonads
R3068	T5251	T5234	punct	", ",were
R3069	T5252	T5234	cc	and,were
R3070	T5253	T5254	det	this,proliferation
R3071	T5254	T5259	nsubj	proliferation,was
R3072	T5255	T5256	npadvmod	XY,specific
R3073	T5256	T5254	amod	specific,proliferation
R3074	T5257	T5256	punct	-,specific
R3075	T5258	T5254	compound	cell,proliferation
R3076	T5259	T5234	conj	was,were
R3077	T5260	T5259	acomp	evident,was
R3078	T5261	T5259	prep	in,was
R3079	T5262	T5263	nmod	XY,controls
R3080	T5263	T5261	pobj	controls,in
R3081	T5264	T5263	nmod	Sox9 flox,controls
R3082	T5265	T5264	punct	/,Sox9 flox
R3083	T5266	T5264	punct	Δ,Sox9 flox
R3084	T5267	T5263	compound	littermate,controls
R3085	T5268	T5269	punct	(,3K
R3086	T5269	T5259	parataxis	3K,was
R3087	T5270	T5269	compound	Figure,3K
R3088	T5271	T5269	punct	),3K
R3089	T5272	T5259	punct	.,was
R3090	T5274	T5275	advmod	However,was
R3091	T5276	T5275	punct	", ",was
R3092	T5277	T5275	prep	in,was
R3093	T5278	T5279	nmod	Sox9,gonads
R3094	T5279	T5277	pobj	gonads,in
R3095	T5280	T5278	punct	Δ,Sox9
R3096	T5281	T5278	punct	/,Sox9
R3097	T5282	T5278	punct	Δ,Sox9
R3098	T5283	T5279	compound	XY,gonads
R3099	T5284	T5275	nsubj	proliferation,was
R3100	T5285	T5275	acomp	reduced,was
R3101	T5286	T5285	cc	and,reduced
R3102	T5287	T5285	conj	similar,reduced
R3103	T5288	T5287	prep	to,similar
R3104	T5289	T5290	compound	XX,gonads
R3105	T5290	T5288	pobj	gonads,to
R3106	T5291	T5292	punct	(,3L
R3107	T5292	T5275	parataxis	3L,was
R3108	T5293	T5292	compound	Figure,3L
R3109	T5294	T5295	punct	–,3O
R3110	T5295	T5292	prep	3O,3L
R3111	T5296	T5292	punct	),3L
R3112	T5297	T5275	punct	.,was
R3113	T5299	T5300	det	This,result
R3114	T5300	T5301	nsubj	result,supports
R3115	T5302	T5303	det	the,idea
R3116	T5303	T5301	dobj	idea,supports
R3117	T5304	T5305	mark	that,is
R3118	T5305	T5303	advcl	is,idea
R3119	T5306	T5305	expl	there,is
R3120	T5307	T5308	det	a,interdependence
R3121	T5308	T5305	attr	interdependence,is
R3122	T5309	T5308	amod	mutual,interdependence
R3123	T5310	T5308	prep	between,interdependence
R3124	T5311	T5310	pobj	Sox9,between
R3125	T5312	T5311	cc	and,Sox9
R3126	T5313	T5311	conj	Fgf9,Sox9
R3127	T5314	T5308	acl	generating,interdependence
R3128	T5315	T5316	det	a,loop
R3129	T5316	T5314	dobj	loop,generating
R3130	T5317	T5316	amod	positive,loop
R3131	T5318	T5316	nmod	feed,loop
R3132	T5319	T5318	punct	-,feed
R3133	T5320	T5318	advmod	forward,feed
R3134	T5321	T5305	punct	", ",is
R3135	T5322	T5305	cc	and,is
R3136	T5323	T5324	mark	that,required
R3137	T5324	T5305	conj	required,is
R3138	T5325	T5326	det	both,genes
R3139	T5326	T5324	nsubjpass	genes,required
R3140	T5327	T5324	auxpass	are,required
R3141	T5328	T5324	prep	for,required
R3142	T5329	T5330	det	the,expansion
R3143	T5330	T5328	pobj	expansion,for
R3144	T5331	T5330	prep	of,expansion
R3145	T5332	T5333	amod	somatic,cells
R3146	T5333	T5331	pobj	cells,of
R3147	T5334	T5333	punct	", ",cells
R3148	T5335	T5333	prep	including,cells
R3149	T5336	T5337	compound	Sertoli,cell
R3150	T5337	T5338	compound	cell,precursors
R3151	T5338	T5335	pobj	precursors,including
R3152	T5339	T5324	punct	", ",required
R3153	T5340	T5324	prep	in,required
R3154	T5341	T5342	compound	XY,gonads
R3155	T5342	T5340	pobj	gonads,in
R3156	T5343	T5301	punct	.,supports
R3161	T5680	T5681	det	The,Pathway
R3162	T5681	T5683	nsubjpass	Pathway,Aborted
R3163	T5682	T5681	amod	Male,Pathway
R3164	T5684	T5683	auxpass	Is,Aborted
R3165	T5685	T5683	prep	in,Aborted
R3166	T5686	T5687	nmod	Fgf9,Precursors
R3167	T5687	T5685	pobj	Precursors,in
R3168	T5688	T5686	punct	−,Fgf9
R3169	T5689	T5686	punct	/,Fgf9
R3170	T5690	T5686	punct	−,Fgf9
R3171	T5691	T5687	compound	Sertoli,Precursors
R3172	T5693	T5694	prep	Based,investigated
R3173	T5695	T5693	prep	on,Based
R3174	T5696	T5697	det	the,fact
R3175	T5697	T5695	pobj	fact,on
R3176	T5698	T5699	mark	that,expressed
R3177	T5699	T5697	acl	expressed,fact
R3178	T5700	T5699	nsubjpass	Sox9,expressed
R3179	T5701	T5699	auxpass	is,expressed
R3180	T5702	T5699	advmod	initially,expressed
R3181	T5703	T5699	prep	in,expressed
R3182	T5704	T5705	nmod	Fgf9,gonads
R3183	T5705	T5703	pobj	gonads,in
R3184	T5706	T5704	punct	−,Fgf9
R3185	T5707	T5704	punct	/,Fgf9
R3186	T5708	T5704	punct	−,Fgf9
R3187	T5709	T5694	punct	", ",investigated
R3188	T5710	T5694	nsubj	we,investigated
R3189	T5711	T5712	mark	whether,activated
R3190	T5712	T5694	ccomp	activated,investigated
R3191	T5713	T5714	amod	other,genes
R3192	T5714	T5712	nsubjpass	genes,activated
R3193	T5715	T5714	prep	in,genes
R3194	T5716	T5717	det	the,pathway
R3195	T5717	T5715	pobj	pathway,in
R3196	T5718	T5717	amod	male,pathway
R3197	T5719	T5712	auxpass	are,activated
R3198	T5720	T5694	punct	.,investigated
R3199	T5722	T5723	nsubj	We,examined
R3200	T5724	T5725	nummod	two,markers
R3201	T5725	T5723	dobj	markers,examined
R3202	T5726	T5725	prep	for,markers
R3203	T5727	T5728	compound	Sertoli,cell
R3204	T5728	T5729	compound	cell,differentiation
R3205	T5729	T5726	pobj	differentiation,for
R3206	T5730	T5725	punct	", ",markers
R3207	T5731	T5732	amod	anti-Mullerian,hormone
R3208	T5732	T5725	appos	hormone,markers
R3209	T5733	T5732	punct	(,hormone
R3210	T5734	T5732	appos	Amh,hormone
R3211	T5735	T5732	punct	),hormone
R3212	T5736	T5737	punct	[,38
R3213	T5737	T5732	parataxis	38,hormone
R3214	T5738	T5737	punct	],38
R3215	T5739	T5732	cc	and,hormone
R3216	T5740	T5741	compound	Desert,hedgehog
R3217	T5741	T5732	conj	hedgehog,hormone
R3218	T5742	T5741	punct	(,hedgehog
R3219	T5743	T5741	appos	Dhh,hedgehog
R3220	T5744	T5741	punct	),hedgehog
R3221	T5745	T5746	punct	[,39
R3222	T5746	T5741	parataxis	39,hedgehog
R3223	T5747	T5746	punct	],39
R3224	T5748	T5723	prep	in,examined
R3225	T5749	T5750	nmod	Fgf9,−
R3226	T5750	T5753	punct	−,gonads
R3227	T5751	T5750	punct	−,−
R3228	T5752	T5750	punct	/,−
R3229	T5753	T5748	pobj	gonads,in
R3230	T5754	T5753	compound	XY,gonads
R3231	T5755	T5723	advcl	using,examined
R3232	T5756	T5757	amod	whole,mount
R3233	T5757	T5759	nmod	mount,hybridization
R3234	T5758	T5757	punct	-,mount
R3235	T5759	T5755	dobj	hybridization,using
R3236	T5760	T5761	advmod	in,situ
R3237	T5761	T5759	amod	situ,hybridization
R3238	T5762	T5723	punct	.,examined
R3239	T5764	T5765	nsubj	Dhh,was
R3240	T5766	T5764	punct	", ",Dhh
R3241	T5767	T5768	dep	which,expressed
R3242	T5768	T5764	relcl	expressed,Dhh
R3243	T5769	T5768	auxpass	is,expressed
R3244	T5770	T5768	prep	in,expressed
R3245	T5771	T5772	nmod	XY,gonads
R3246	T5772	T5770	pobj	gonads,in
R3247	T5773	T5774	amod	wild,type
R3248	T5774	T5772	nmod	type,gonads
R3249	T5775	T5774	punct	-,type
R3250	T5776	T5774	cc	and,type
R3251	T5777	T5774	conj	heterozygous,type
R3252	T5778	T5768	advcl	beginning,expressed
R3253	T5779	T5778	prep	at,beginning
R3254	T5780	T5781	nummod	11.5,dpc
R3255	T5781	T5779	pobj	dpc,at
R3256	T5782	T5765	punct	", ",was
R3257	T5783	T5765	acomp	absent,was
R3258	T5784	T5783	prep	from,absent
R3259	T5785	T5786	nmod	Fgf9,gonads
R3260	T5786	T5784	pobj	gonads,from
R3261	T5787	T5785	punct	−,Fgf9
R3262	T5788	T5785	punct	/,Fgf9
R3263	T5789	T5785	punct	−,Fgf9
R3264	T5790	T5786	compound	XY,gonads
R3265	T5791	T5765	punct	", ",was
R3266	T5792	T5793	mark	although,detected
R3267	T5793	T5765	advcl	detected,was
R3268	T5794	T5795	amod	mesonephric,expression
R3269	T5795	T5793	nsubjpass	expression,detected
R3270	T5796	T5793	auxpass	was,detected
R3271	T5797	T5793	advmod	still,detected
R3272	T5798	T5799	punct	(,4A
R3273	T5799	T5765	parataxis	4A,was
R3274	T5800	T5799	compound	Figure,4A
R3275	T5801	T5799	cc	and,4A
R3276	T5802	T5799	conj	4B,4A
R3277	T5803	T5799	punct	),4A
R3278	T5804	T5765	punct	.,was
R3279	T5806	T5807	nsubjpass	Amh,detected
R3280	T5808	T5806	punct	", ",Amh
R3281	T5809	T5810	dep	which,is
R3282	T5810	T5806	relcl	is,Amh
R3283	T5811	T5812	det	a,target
R3284	T5812	T5810	attr	target,is
R3285	T5813	T5812	amod	direct,target
R3286	T5814	T5812	amod	transcriptional,target
R3287	T5815	T5812	prep	of,target
R3288	T5816	T5815	pobj	SOX9,of
R3289	T5817	T5812	acl	activated,target
R3290	T5818	T5817	prep	after,activated
R3291	T5819	T5820	nummod	11.5,dpc
R3292	T5820	T5818	pobj	dpc,after
R3293	T5821	T5822	punct	[,40
R3294	T5822	T5806	parataxis	40,Amh
R3295	T5823	T5822	nummod	38,40
R3296	T5824	T5822	punct	",",40
R3297	T5825	T5822	punct	],40
R3298	T5826	T5807	punct	", ",detected
R3299	T5827	T5807	auxpass	was,detected
R3300	T5828	T5807	prep	at,detected
R3301	T5829	T5830	amod	reduced,levels
R3302	T5830	T5828	pobj	levels,at
R3303	T5831	T5807	prep	in,detected
R3304	T5832	T5833	nmod	Fgf9,gonads
R3305	T5833	T5831	pobj	gonads,in
R3306	T5834	T5832	punct	−,Fgf9
R3307	T5835	T5832	punct	/,Fgf9
R3308	T5836	T5832	punct	−,Fgf9
R3309	T5837	T5833	compound	XY,gonads
R3310	T5838	T5833	prep	at,gonads
R3311	T5839	T5840	nummod	12.5,dpc
R3312	T5840	T5838	pobj	dpc,at
R3313	T5841	T5842	punct	(,4C
R3314	T5842	T5807	parataxis	4C,detected
R3315	T5843	T5842	compound	Figure,4C
R3316	T5844	T5845	punct	–,4F
R3317	T5845	T5842	prep	4F,4C
R3318	T5846	T5842	punct	),4C
R3319	T5847	T5807	punct	.,detected
R3320	T5849	T5850	det	The,level
R3321	T5850	T5852	nsubj	level,suggested
R3322	T5851	T5850	amod	residual,level
R3323	T5853	T5850	prep	of,level
R3324	T5854	T5853	pobj	Amh,of
R3325	T5855	T5856	mark	that,was
R3326	T5856	T5852	ccomp	was,suggested
R3327	T5857	T5858	det	the,expression
R3328	T5858	T5856	nsubj	expression,was
R3329	T5859	T5858	amod	transient,expression
R3330	T5860	T5858	prep	of,expression
R3331	T5861	T5860	pobj	SOX9,of
R3332	T5862	T5858	prep	in,expression
R3333	T5863	T5864	nmod	Fgf9,gonads
R3334	T5864	T5862	pobj	gonads,in
R3335	T5865	T5863	punct	−,Fgf9
R3336	T5866	T5863	punct	/,Fgf9
R3337	T5867	T5863	punct	−,Fgf9
R3338	T5868	T5858	prep	at,expression
R3339	T5869	T5870	nummod	11.5,dpc
R3340	T5870	T5868	pobj	dpc,at
R3341	T5871	T5856	acomp	sufficient,was
R3342	T5872	T5873	aux	to,activate
R3343	T5873	T5871	xcomp	activate,sufficient
R3344	T5874	T5873	dobj	Amh,activate
R3345	T5875	T5874	punct	", ",Amh
R3346	T5876	T5877	det	a,target
R3347	T5877	T5874	appos	target,Amh
R3348	T5878	T5877	amod	direct,target
R3349	T5879	T5877	amod	downstream,target
R3350	T5880	T5852	punct	.,suggested
R3351	T5882	T5883	advmod	However,indicated
R3352	T5884	T5883	punct	", ",indicated
R3353	T5885	T5886	det	the,absence
R3354	T5886	T5883	nsubj	absence,indicated
R3355	T5887	T5886	prep	of,absence
R3356	T5888	T5887	pobj	Dhh,of
R3357	T5889	T5890	mark	that,initiated
R3358	T5890	T5883	ccomp	initiated,indicated
R3359	T5891	T5892	neg	not,pathways
R3360	T5892	T5890	nsubjpass	pathways,initiated
R3361	T5893	T5892	det	all,pathways
R3362	T5894	T5892	compound	Sertoli,pathways
R3363	T5895	T5890	auxpass	are,initiated
R3364	T5896	T5883	punct	.,indicated
R3365	T5898	T5899	det	The,specification
R3366	T5899	T5901	nsubjpass	specification,affected
R3367	T5900	T5899	amod	initial,specification
R3368	T5902	T5899	prep	of,specification
R3369	T5903	T5904	compound	Sertoli,cell
R3370	T5904	T5905	compound	cell,precursors
R3371	T5905	T5902	pobj	precursors,of
R3372	T5906	T5901	auxpass	was,affected
R3373	T5907	T5901	neg	not,affected
R3374	T5908	T5901	prep	by,affected
R3375	T5909	T5910	det	the,loss
R3376	T5910	T5908	pobj	loss,by
R3377	T5911	T5910	prep	of,loss
R3378	T5912	T5911	pobj	Fgf9,of
R3379	T5913	T5901	punct	", ",affected
R3380	T5914	T5915	mark	as,evidenced
R3381	T5915	T5901	advcl	evidenced,affected
R3382	T5916	T5915	prep	by,evidenced
R3383	T5917	T5918	amod	normal,expression
R3384	T5918	T5916	pobj	expression,by
R3385	T5919	T5918	nmod	Sry,expression
R3386	T5920	T5919	cc	and,Sry
R3387	T5921	T5919	conj	Sox9,Sry
R3388	T5922	T5918	prep	in,expression
R3389	T5923	T5924	nmod	Fgf9,gonads
R3390	T5924	T5922	pobj	gonads,in
R3391	T5925	T5923	punct	−,Fgf9
R3392	T5926	T5923	punct	/,Fgf9
R3393	T5927	T5923	punct	−,Fgf9
R3394	T5928	T5924	prep	at,gonads
R3395	T5929	T5930	nummod	11.5,dpc
R3396	T5930	T5928	pobj	dpc,at
R3397	T5931	T5932	punct	(,3D
R3398	T5932	T5901	parataxis	3D,affected
R3399	T5933	T5932	nmod	Figures,3D
R3400	T5934	T5932	nummod	2,3D
R3401	T5935	T5932	cc	and,3D
R3402	T5936	T5932	punct	),3D
R3403	T5937	T5901	punct	.,affected
R3404	T5939	T5940	advmod	However,disappeared
R3405	T5941	T5940	punct	", ",disappeared
R3406	T5942	T5943	compound	SOX9,expression
R3407	T5943	T5940	nsubj	expression,disappeared
R3408	T5944	T5943	prep	in,expression
R3409	T5945	T5946	nmod	XY,gonads
R3410	T5946	T5944	pobj	gonads,in
R3411	T5947	T5946	nmod	Fgf9,gonads
R3412	T5948	T5947	punct	−,Fgf9
R3413	T5949	T5947	punct	/,Fgf9
R3414	T5950	T5947	punct	−,Fgf9
R3415	T5951	T5940	advmod	rapidly,disappeared
R3416	T5952	T5953	punct	(,3E
R3417	T5953	T5940	parataxis	3E,disappeared
R3418	T5954	T5953	compound	Figure,3E
R3419	T5955	T5953	cc	and,3E
R3420	T5956	T5953	conj	3F,3E
R3421	T5957	T5953	punct	),3E
R3422	T5958	T5940	punct	", ",disappeared
R3423	T5959	T5940	cc	and,disappeared
R3424	T5960	T5961	amod	other,markers
R3425	T5961	T5963	nsubj	markers,were
R3426	T5962	T5961	compound	Sertoli,markers
R3427	T5963	T5940	conj	were,disappeared
R3428	T5964	T5963	acomp	absent,were
R3429	T5965	T5964	cc	or,absent
R3430	T5966	T5967	advmod	severely,reduced
R3431	T5967	T5964	conj	reduced,absent
R3432	T5968	T5969	punct	(,4A
R3433	T5969	T5963	parataxis	4A,were
R3434	T5970	T5969	compound	Figure,4A
R3435	T5971	T5972	punct	–,4F
R3436	T5972	T5969	prep	4F,4A
R3437	T5973	T5969	punct	),4A
R3438	T5974	T5940	punct	.,disappeared
R3439	T5976	T5977	aux	To,investigate
R3440	T5977	T5978	advcl	investigate,immunostained
R3441	T5979	T5980	det	the,possibility
R3442	T5980	T5977	dobj	possibility,investigate
R3443	T5981	T5982	mark	that,was
R3444	T5982	T5980	acl	was,possibility
R3445	T5983	T5984	det	this,loss
R3446	T5984	T5982	nsubj	loss,was
R3447	T5985	T5982	prep	due,was
R3448	T5986	T5985	pcomp	to,due
R3449	T5987	T5988	compound	cell,death
R3450	T5988	T5985	pobj	death,due
R3451	T5989	T5978	punct	", ",immunostained
R3452	T5990	T5978	nsubj	we,immunostained
R3453	T5991	T5992	nmod	XY,gonads
R3454	T5992	T5978	dobj	gonads,immunostained
R3455	T5993	T5992	nmod	Fgf9,gonads
R3456	T5994	T5993	punct	−,Fgf9
R3457	T5995	T5993	punct	/,Fgf9
R3458	T5996	T5993	punct	−,Fgf9
R3459	T5997	T5992	prep	at,gonads
R3460	T5998	T5999	nummod	12.0,dpc
R3461	T5999	T5997	pobj	dpc,at
R3462	T6000	T5999	punct	—,dpc
R3463	T6001	T6002	det	a,point
R3464	T6002	T5999	appos	point,dpc
R3465	T6003	T6002	compound	time,point
R3466	T6004	T6005	prep	at,declining
R3467	T6005	T6002	relcl	declining,point
R3468	T6006	T6004	pobj	which,at
R3469	T6007	T6008	nmod	SOX9,cells
R3470	T6008	T6005	nsubj	cells,declining
R3471	T6009	T6007	punct	-,SOX9
R3472	T6010	T6007	amod	expressing,SOX9
R3473	T6011	T6005	aux	were,declining
R3474	T6012	T6005	prep	in,declining
R3475	T6013	T6012	pobj	numbers,in
R3476	T6014	T6015	punct	(,3E
R3477	T6015	T5992	parataxis	3E,gonads
R3478	T6016	T6015	compound	Figure,3E
R3479	T6017	T6015	punct	),3E
R3480	T6018	T5978	punct	—,immunostained
R3481	T6019	T5978	prep	for,immunostained
R3482	T6020	T6021	amod	active,caspase
R3483	T6021	T6019	pobj	caspase,for
R3484	T6022	T6021	punct	-,caspase
R3485	T6023	T6021	nummod	3,caspase
R3486	T6024	T6021	punct	", ",caspase
R3487	T6025	T6026	det	an,marker
R3488	T6026	T6021	appos	marker,caspase
R3489	T6027	T6026	amod	apoptotic,marker
R3490	T6028	T6026	compound	cell,marker
R3491	T6029	T5978	punct	.,immunostained
R3492	T6031	T6032	amod	Apoptotic,cells
R3493	T6032	T6033	nsubjpass	cells,observed
R3494	T6034	T6033	auxpass	were,observed
R3495	T6035	T6033	neg	not,observed
R3496	T6036	T6033	prep	in,observed
R3497	T6037	T6038	nmod	Fgf9,−
R3498	T6038	T6041	punct	−,gonads
R3499	T6039	T6038	punct	−,−
R3500	T6040	T6038	punct	/,−
R3501	T6041	T6036	pobj	gonads,in
R3502	T6042	T6036	cc	or,in
R3503	T6043	T6036	conj	in,in
R3504	T6044	T6045	compound	littermate,controls
R3505	T6045	T6043	pobj	controls,in
R3506	T6046	T6045	prep	at,controls
R3507	T6047	T6048	nummod	12.0,dpc
R3508	T6048	T6046	pobj	dpc,at
R3509	T6049	T6033	punct	", ",observed
R3510	T6050	T6051	mark	although,showed
R3511	T6051	T6033	advcl	showed,observed
R3512	T6052	T6053	nmod	Fgf9,−
R3513	T6053	T6056	punct	−,samples
R3514	T6054	T6053	punct	−,−
R3515	T6055	T6053	punct	/,−
R3516	T6056	T6051	nsubj	samples,showed
R3517	T6057	T6058	advmod	somewhat,increased
R3518	T6058	T6059	amod	increased,death
R3519	T6059	T6051	dobj	death,showed
R3520	T6060	T6059	compound	cell,death
R3521	T6061	T6051	prep	in,showed
R3522	T6062	T6063	amod	mesonephric,tubules
R3523	T6063	T6061	pobj	tubules,in
R3524	T6064	T6063	cc	and,tubules
R3525	T6065	T6063	conj	ducts,tubules
R3526	T6066	T6065	punct	", ",ducts
R3527	T6067	T6068	det	another,site
R3528	T6068	T6065	appos	site,ducts
R3529	T6069	T6068	prep	of,site
R3530	T6070	T6071	compound	Fgf9,expression
R3531	T6071	T6069	pobj	expression,of
R3532	T6072	T6073	punct	(,4G
R3533	T6073	T6033	parataxis	4G,observed
R3534	T6074	T6073	compound	Figure,4G
R3535	T6075	T6073	cc	and,4G
R3536	T6076	T6073	conj	4H,4G
R3537	T6077	T6073	punct	),4G
R3538	T6078	T6033	punct	.,observed
R3539	T6080	T6081	det	These,data
R3540	T6081	T6082	nsubj	data,suggested
R3541	T6083	T6084	mark	that,caused
R3542	T6084	T6082	ccomp	caused,suggested
R3543	T6085	T6086	det	the,loss
R3544	T6086	T6084	nsubjpass	loss,caused
R3545	T6087	T6086	prep	of,loss
R3546	T6088	T6089	compound	SOX9,expression
R3547	T6089	T6087	pobj	expression,of
R3548	T6090	T6086	prep	in,loss
R3549	T6091	T6092	nmod	Fgf9,−
R3550	T6092	T6095	punct	−,gonads
R3551	T6093	T6092	punct	−,−
R3552	T6094	T6092	punct	/,−
R3553	T6095	T6090	pobj	gonads,in
R3554	T6096	T6095	compound	XY,gonads
R3555	T6097	T6084	auxpass	was,caused
R3556	T6098	T6084	neg	not,caused
R3557	T6099	T6084	prep	by,caused
R3558	T6100	T6101	compound	cell,death
R3559	T6101	T6099	pobj	death,by
R3560	T6102	T6099	cc	but,by
R3561	T6103	T6099	conj	by,by
R3562	T6104	T6105	det	the,disruption
R3563	T6105	T6103	pobj	disruption,by
R3564	T6106	T6105	prep	of,disruption
R3565	T6107	T6108	nmod	FGF9,SOX9
R3566	T6108	T6110	nmod	SOX9,regulation
R3567	T6109	T6108	punct	/,SOX9
R3568	T6110	T6106	pobj	regulation,of
R3569	T6111	T6110	nmod	feed,regulation
R3570	T6112	T6111	punct	-,feed
R3571	T6113	T6111	advmod	forward,feed
R3572	T6114	T6082	punct	.,suggested
R3573	T6116	T6117	aux	To,determine
R3574	T6117	T6118	advcl	determine,investigated
R3575	T6119	T6120	mark	whether,associated
R3576	T6120	T6117	ccomp	associated,determine
R3577	T6121	T6122	det	the,aborting
R3578	T6122	T6120	nsubjpass	aborting,associated
R3579	T6123	T6122	prep	of,aborting
R3580	T6124	T6125	det	the,pathway
R3581	T6125	T6123	pobj	pathway,of
R3582	T6126	T6125	amod	male,pathway
R3583	T6127	T6122	prep	in,aborting
R3584	T6128	T6129	nmod	Fgf9,−
R3585	T6129	T6132	punct	−,precursors
R3586	T6130	T6129	punct	−,−
R3587	T6131	T6129	punct	/,−
R3588	T6132	T6127	pobj	precursors,in
R3589	T6133	T6132	compound	Sertoli,precursors
R3590	T6134	T6120	auxpass	was,associated
R3591	T6135	T6120	prep	with,associated
R3592	T6136	T6137	det	the,transition
R3593	T6137	T6135	pobj	transition,with
R3594	T6138	T6137	prep	of,transition
R3595	T6139	T6140	amod	supporting,cells
R3596	T6140	T6138	pobj	cells,of
R3597	T6141	T6140	prep	from,cells
R3598	T6142	T6143	amod	male,differentiation
R3599	T6143	T6141	pobj	differentiation,from
R3600	T6144	T6142	prep	to,male
R3601	T6145	T6144	amod	female,to
R3602	T6146	T6118	punct	", ",investigated
R3603	T6147	T6118	nsubj	we,investigated
R3604	T6148	T6118	dobj	expression,investigated
R3605	T6149	T6148	prep	of,expression
R3606	T6150	T6149	pobj	Wnt4,of
R3607	T6151	T6150	punct	", ",Wnt4
R3608	T6152	T6153	det	an,gene
R3609	T6153	T6150	appos	gene,Wnt4
R3610	T6154	T6155	npadvmod	ovary,promoting
R3611	T6155	T6153	amod	promoting,gene
R3612	T6156	T6155	punct	-,promoting
R3613	T6157	T6118	punct	.,investigated
R3614	T6159	T6160	prep	At,regulated
R3615	T6161	T6162	nummod	12.5,dpc
R3616	T6162	T6159	pobj	dpc,At
R3617	T6163	T6160	nsubjpass	Wnt4,regulated
R3618	T6164	T6160	auxpass	was,regulated
R3619	T6165	T6160	advmod	up,regulated
R3620	T6166	T6160	punct	-,regulated
R3621	T6167	T6160	prep	in,regulated
R3622	T6168	T6169	compound	XY,Fgf9
R3623	T6169	T6167	pobj	Fgf9,in
R3624	T6170	T6169	punct	−,Fgf9
R3625	T6171	T6169	punct	/,Fgf9
R3626	T6172	T6169	punct	−,Fgf9
R3627	T6173	T6167	cc	but,in
R3628	T6174	T6173	neg	not,but
R3629	T6175	T6167	conj	in,in
R3630	T6176	T6177	nmod	XY,controls
R3631	T6177	T6175	pobj	controls,in
R3632	T6178	T6177	nmod	Fgf9,controls
R3633	T6179	T6178	punct	+,Fgf9
R3634	T6180	T6178	punct	/,Fgf9
R3635	T6181	T6178	punct	−,Fgf9
R3636	T6182	T6177	compound	gonad,controls
R3637	T6183	T6184	punct	(,4I
R3638	T6184	T6160	parataxis	4I,regulated
R3639	T6185	T6184	compound	Figure,4I
R3640	T6186	T6187	punct	–,4K
R3641	T6187	T6184	prep	4K,4I
R3642	T6188	T6184	punct	),4I
R3643	T6189	T6160	punct	.,regulated
R3644	T6191	T6192	det	This,result
R3645	T6192	T6193	nsubj	result,suggests
R3646	T6194	T6195	mark	that,is
R3647	T6195	T6193	ccomp	is,suggests
R3648	T6196	T6195	nsubj	Fgf9,is
R3649	T6197	T6195	acomp	necessary,is
R3650	T6198	T6197	prep	for,necessary
R3651	T6199	T6200	det	the,regulation
R3652	T6200	T6198	pobj	regulation,for
R3653	T6201	T6200	amod	down,regulation
R3654	T6202	T6200	punct	-,regulation
R3655	T6203	T6200	prep	of,regulation
R3656	T6204	T6203	pobj	Wnt4,of
R3657	T6205	T6195	prep	in,is
R3658	T6206	T6205	pcomp	differentiating,in
R3659	T6207	T6208	compound	XY,gonads
R3660	T6208	T6206	dobj	gonads,differentiating
R3661	T6209	T6206	prep	at,differentiating
R3662	T6210	T6209	punct	/,at
R3663	T6211	T6209	pcomp	after,at
R3664	T6212	T6213	amod	bipotential,stages
R3665	T6213	T6209	pobj	stages,at
R3666	T6214	T6193	punct	.,suggests
R3667	T6521	T6522	nsubj	t as,Antagonize
R3668	T6523	T6521	cc	Ant,t as
R3669	T6524	T6521	conj	Wnt4,t as
R3670	T6525	T6526	det	Each,Other
R3671	T6526	T6522	dobj	Other,Antagonize
R3672	T6528	T6529	poss	Our,finding
R3673	T6529	T6530	nsubj	finding,implies
R3674	T6531	T6532	mark	that,persist
R3675	T6532	T6529	acl	persist,finding
R3676	T6533	T6534	amod	high,levels
R3677	T6534	T6532	nsubj	levels,persist
R3678	T6535	T6534	prep	of,levels
R3679	T6536	T6535	pobj	Wnt4,of
R3680	T6537	T6532	prep	in,persist
R3681	T6538	T6539	nmod	Fgf9,−
R3682	T6539	T6542	punct	−,gonads
R3683	T6540	T6539	punct	−,−
R3684	T6541	T6539	punct	/,−
R3685	T6542	T6537	pobj	gonads,in
R3686	T6543	T6542	compound	XY,gonads
R3687	T6544	T6545	det	a,antagonism
R3688	T6545	T6530	dobj	antagonism,implies
R3689	T6546	T6545	amod	genetic,antagonism
R3690	T6547	T6530	advmod	specifically,implies
R3691	T6548	T6530	prep	between,implies
R3692	T6549	T6548	pobj	Fgf9,between
R3693	T6550	T6549	cc	and,Fgf9
R3694	T6551	T6549	conj	Wnt4,Fgf9
R3695	T6552	T6530	punct	", ",implies
R3696	T6553	T6554	mark	as,expressed
R3697	T6554	T6530	advcl	expressed,implies
R3698	T6555	T6556	preconj	both,SRY
R3699	T6556	T6554	nsubjpass	SRY,expressed
R3700	T6557	T6556	cc	and,SRY
R3701	T6558	T6556	conj	SOX9,SRY
R3702	T6559	T6554	auxpass	are,expressed
R3703	T6560	T6554	advmod	initially,expressed
R3704	T6561	T6554	prep	in,expressed
R3705	T6562	T6563	nmod	Fgf9,gonads
R3706	T6563	T6561	pobj	gonads,in
R3707	T6564	T6562	punct	−,Fgf9
R3708	T6565	T6562	punct	/,Fgf9
R3709	T6566	T6562	punct	−,Fgf9
R3710	T6567	T6563	compound	XY,gonads
R3711	T6568	T6563	prep	at,gonads
R3712	T6569	T6570	nummod	11.5,dpc
R3713	T6570	T6568	pobj	dpc,at
R3714	T6571	T6554	punct	", ",expressed
R3715	T6572	T6554	cc	yet,expressed
R3716	T6573	T6574	nsubj	this,is
R3717	T6574	T6554	conj	is,expressed
R3718	T6575	T6574	neg	not,is
R3719	T6576	T6574	acomp	sufficient,is
R3720	T6577	T6578	aux	to,regulate
R3721	T6578	T6576	xcomp	regulate,sufficient
R3722	T6579	T6578	advmod	down,regulate
R3723	T6580	T6578	punct	-,regulate
R3724	T6581	T6578	dobj	Wnt4,regulate
R3725	T6582	T6530	punct	.,implies
R3726	T6584	T6585	aux	To,test
R3727	T6585	T6586	advcl	test,cultured
R3728	T6587	T6588	mark	whether,regulate
R3729	T6588	T6585	ccomp	regulate,test
R3730	T6589	T6590	amod	exogenous,FGF9
R3731	T6590	T6588	nsubj	FGF9,regulate
R3732	T6591	T6588	aux	could,regulate
R3733	T6592	T6588	advmod	down,regulate
R3734	T6593	T6588	punct	-,regulate
R3735	T6594	T6588	dobj	expression,regulate
R3736	T6595	T6594	prep	of,expression
R3737	T6596	T6595	pobj	Wnt4,of
R3738	T6597	T6586	punct	", ",cultured
R3739	T6598	T6586	nsubj	we,cultured
R3740	T6599	T6600	det	the,complex
R3741	T6600	T6586	dobj	complex,cultured
R3742	T6601	T6600	compound	XX,complex
R3743	T6602	T6603	compound	gonad,mesonephros
R3744	T6603	T6600	compound	mesonephros,complex
R3745	T6604	T6603	punct	/,mesonephros
R3746	T6605	T6586	prep	with,cultured
R3747	T6606	T6605	cc	or,with
R3748	T6607	T6605	conj	without,with
R3749	T6608	T6609	compound	FGF9,protein
R3750	T6609	T6607	pobj	protein,without
R3751	T6610	T6586	punct	", ",cultured
R3752	T6611	T6586	cc	and,cultured
R3753	T6612	T6586	conj	examined,cultured
R3754	T6613	T6614	compound	Wnt4,expression
R3755	T6614	T6612	dobj	expression,examined
R3756	T6615	T6612	prep	by,examined
R3757	T6616	T6617	amod	whole,mount
R3758	T6617	T6619	nmod	mount,hybridization
R3759	T6618	T6617	punct	-,mount
R3760	T6619	T6615	pobj	hybridization,by
R3761	T6620	T6621	advmod	in,situ
R3762	T6621	T6619	amod	situ,hybridization
R3763	T6622	T6586	punct	.,cultured
R3764	T6624	T6625	nsubj	Treatment,suppressed
R3765	T6626	T6624	prep	of,Treatment
R3766	T6627	T6628	compound	XX,gonads
R3767	T6628	T6626	pobj	gonads,of
R3768	T6629	T6624	prep	with,Treatment
R3769	T6630	T6631	amod	exogenous,FGF9
R3770	T6631	T6629	pobj	FGF9,with
R3771	T6632	T6633	det	the,expression
R3772	T6633	T6625	dobj	expression,suppressed
R3773	T6634	T6633	amod	normal,expression
R3774	T6635	T6633	prep	of,expression
R3775	T6636	T6635	pobj	Wnt4,of
R3776	T6637	T6638	punct	(,5A
R3777	T6638	T6625	parataxis	5A,suppressed
R3778	T6639	T6638	compound	Figure,5A
R3779	T6640	T6641	punct	–,5C
R3780	T6641	T6638	prep	5C,5A
R3781	T6642	T6638	punct	),5A
R3782	T6643	T6625	punct	", ",suppressed
R3783	T6644	T6625	advcl	supporting,suppressed
R3784	T6645	T6646	det	the,hypothesis
R3785	T6646	T6644	dobj	hypothesis,supporting
R3786	T6647	T6648	mark	that,functions
R3787	T6648	T6646	acl	functions,hypothesis
R3788	T6649	T6648	nsubj	Fgf9,functions
R3789	T6650	T6649	punct	", ",Fgf9
R3790	T6651	T6652	advmod	rather,than
R3791	T6652	T6649	cc	than,Fgf9
R3792	T6653	T6649	conj	Sry,Fgf9
R3793	T6654	T6653	cc	or,Sry
R3794	T6655	T6653	conj	Sox9,Sry
R3795	T6656	T6648	punct	", ",functions
R3796	T6657	T6658	aux	to,regulate
R3797	T6658	T6648	advcl	regulate,functions
R3798	T6659	T6658	advmod	down,regulate
R3799	T6660	T6658	punct	-,regulate
R3800	T6661	T6658	dobj	Wnt4,regulate
R3801	T6662	T6658	prep	in,regulate
R3802	T6663	T6664	amod	wild,type
R3803	T6664	T6666	compound	type,gonads
R3804	T6665	T6664	punct	-,type
R3805	T6666	T6662	pobj	gonads,in
R3806	T6667	T6666	compound	XY,gonads
R3807	T6668	T6625	punct	.,suppressed
R3808	T6670	T6671	nsubj	We,reasoned
R3809	T6672	T6673	mark	that,render
R3810	T6673	T6671	ccomp	render,reasoned
R3811	T6674	T6675	mark	if,act
R3812	T6675	T6673	advcl	act,render
R3813	T6676	T6675	nsubj	FGF9,act
R3814	T6677	T6676	cc	and,FGF9
R3815	T6678	T6676	conj	WNT4,FGF9
R3816	T6679	T6675	aux	do,act
R3817	T6680	T6675	prep	as,act
R3818	T6681	T6682	amod	opposing,signals
R3819	T6682	T6680	pobj	signals,as
R3820	T6683	T6673	punct	", ",render
R3821	T6684	T6673	advmod	then,render
R3822	T6685	T6673	nsubj	reduction,render
R3823	T6686	T6685	prep	in,reduction
R3824	T6687	T6688	det	the,dose
R3825	T6688	T6686	pobj	dose,in
R3826	T6689	T6688	prep	of,dose
R3827	T6690	T6689	pobj	Wnt4,of
R3828	T6691	T6673	aux	might,render
R3829	T6692	T6693	det	the,gonad
R3830	T6693	T6673	dobj	gonad,render
R3831	T6694	T6693	compound	XX,gonad
R3832	T6695	T6696	advmod	more,susceptible
R3833	T6696	T6673	oprd	susceptible,render
R3834	T6697	T6696	prep	to,susceptible
R3835	T6698	T6699	det	the,effects
R3836	T6699	T6697	pobj	effects,to
R3837	T6700	T6701	amod	male,promoting
R3838	T6701	T6699	amod	promoting,effects
R3839	T6702	T6701	punct	-,promoting
R3840	T6703	T6699	prep	of,effects
R3841	T6704	T6705	amod	exogenous,FGF9
R3842	T6705	T6703	pobj	FGF9,of
R3843	T6706	T6671	punct	.,reasoned
R3844	T6708	T6709	aux	To,test
R3845	T6709	T6710	advcl	test,cultured
R3846	T6711	T6712	det	this,possibility
R3847	T6712	T6709	dobj	possibility,test
R3848	T6713	T6710	punct	", ",cultured
R3849	T6714	T6715	nmod	XX,gonads
R3850	T6715	T6710	nsubjpass	gonads,cultured
R3851	T6716	T6715	nmod	Wnt4,gonads
R3852	T6717	T6716	punct	+,Wnt4
R3853	T6718	T6716	punct	/,Wnt4
R3854	T6719	T6716	punct	−,Wnt4
R3855	T6720	T6716	cc	and,Wnt4
R3856	T6721	T6716	conj	Wnt4,Wnt4
R3857	T6722	T6721	punct	+,Wnt4
R3858	T6723	T6721	punct	/,Wnt4
R3859	T6724	T6721	punct	+,Wnt4
R3860	T6725	T6710	auxpass	were,cultured
R3861	T6726	T6710	prep	in,cultured
R3862	T6727	T6726	pobj	medium,in
R3863	T6728	T6710	prep	with,cultured
R3864	T6729	T6728	cc	or,with
R3865	T6730	T6728	conj	without,with
R3866	T6731	T6730	pobj	FGF9,without
R3867	T6732	T6710	punct	", ",cultured
R3868	T6733	T6710	cc	and,cultured
R3869	T6734	T6735	auxpass	were,examined
R3870	T6735	T6710	conj	examined,cultured
R3871	T6736	T6735	prep	for,examined
R3872	T6737	T6738	compound	SOX9,expression
R3873	T6738	T6736	pobj	expression,for
R3874	T6739	T6740	punct	(,5D
R3875	T6740	T6735	parataxis	5D,examined
R3876	T6741	T6740	compound	Figure,5D
R3877	T6742	T6743	punct	–,5G
R3878	T6743	T6740	prep	5G,5D
R3879	T6744	T6740	punct	),5D
R3880	T6745	T6710	punct	.,cultured
R3881	T6747	T6748	nsubj	We,found
R3882	T6749	T6750	mark	that,induced
R3883	T6750	T6748	ccomp	induced,found
R3884	T6751	T6750	nsubj	FGF9,induced
R3885	T6752	T6753	nmod	SOX9,regulation
R3886	T6753	T6750	dobj	regulation,induced
R3887	T6754	T6753	amod	up,regulation
R3888	T6755	T6753	punct	-,regulation
R3889	T6756	T6750	prep	in,induced
R3890	T6757	T6758	nmod	XX,gonads
R3891	T6758	T6756	pobj	gonads,in
R3892	T6759	T6758	nmod	Wnt4,gonads
R3893	T6760	T6759	punct	+,Wnt4
R3894	T6761	T6759	punct	/,Wnt4
R3895	T6762	T6759	punct	−,Wnt4
R3896	T6763	T6756	punct	", ",in
R3897	T6764	T6756	cc	but,in
R3898	T6765	T6764	neg	not,but
R3899	T6766	T6756	conj	in,in
R3900	T6767	T6768	nmod	Wnt4,gonads
R3901	T6768	T6766	pobj	gonads,in
R3902	T6769	T6767	punct	+,Wnt4
R3903	T6770	T6767	punct	/,Wnt4
R3904	T6771	T6767	punct	+,Wnt4
R3905	T6772	T6768	compound	XX,gonads
R3906	T6773	T6774	punct	(,5F
R3907	T6774	T6748	parataxis	5F,found
R3908	T6775	T6774	compound	Figure,5F
R3909	T6776	T6774	cc	and,5F
R3910	T6777	T6774	conj	5G,5F
R3911	T6778	T6774	punct	),5F
R3912	T6779	T6748	punct	.,found
R3913	T6781	T6782	det	These,results
R3914	T6782	T6783	nsubj	results,demonstrate
R3915	T6784	T6783	dobj	antagonism,demonstrate
R3916	T6785	T6784	prep	between,antagonism
R3917	T6786	T6785	pobj	WNT4,between
R3918	T6787	T6786	cc	and,WNT4
R3919	T6788	T6786	conj	FGF9,WNT4
R3920	T6789	T6784	prep	under,antagonism
R3921	T6790	T6791	advmod	in,vitro
R3922	T6791	T6792	amod	vitro,conditions
R3923	T6792	T6789	pobj	conditions,under
R3924	T6793	T6792	nmod	gain,conditions
R3925	T6794	T6793	punct	-,gain
R3926	T6795	T6793	prep	of,gain
R3927	T6796	T6795	punct	-,of
R3928	T6797	T6795	pobj	function,of
R3929	T6798	T6783	punct	.,demonstrate
R3930	T6800	T6801	aux	To,test
R3931	T6801	T6802	advcl	test,investigated
R3932	T6803	T6801	dobj	antagonism,test
R3933	T6804	T6803	prep	between,antagonism
R3934	T6805	T6806	det	these,factors
R3935	T6806	T6804	pobj	factors,between
R3936	T6807	T6801	prep	under,test
R3937	T6808	T6809	nmod	loss,conditions
R3938	T6809	T6807	pobj	conditions,under
R3939	T6810	T6808	punct	-,loss
R3940	T6811	T6808	prep	of,loss
R3941	T6812	T6811	punct	-,of
R3942	T6813	T6811	pobj	function,of
R3943	T6814	T6815	advmod	in,vivo
R3944	T6815	T6801	advmod	vivo,test
R3945	T6816	T6802	punct	", ",investigated
R3946	T6817	T6802	nsubj	we,investigated
R3947	T6818	T6819	mark	whether,derepressed
R3948	T6819	T6802	ccomp	derepressed,investigated
R3949	T6820	T6819	nsubjpass	Fgf9,derepressed
R3950	T6821	T6819	auxpass	is,derepressed
R3951	T6822	T6819	prep	in,derepressed
R3952	T6823	T6824	det	the,absence
R3953	T6824	T6822	pobj	absence,in
R3954	T6825	T6824	prep	of,absence
R3955	T6826	T6825	pobj	Wnt4,of
R3956	T6827	T6828	punct	(,6A
R3957	T6828	T6802	parataxis	6A,investigated
R3958	T6829	T6828	compound	Figure,6A
R3959	T6830	T6831	punct	–,6C
R3960	T6831	T6828	prep	6C,6A
R3961	T6832	T6828	punct	),6A
R3962	T6833	T6802	punct	.,investigated
R3963	T6835	T6836	advcl	Using,found
R3964	T6837	T6838	det	an,antibody
R3965	T6838	T6835	dobj	antibody,Using
R3966	T6839	T6838	prep	against,antibody
R3967	T6840	T6839	pobj	FGF9,against
R3968	T6841	T6836	punct	", ",found
R3969	T6842	T6836	nsubj	we,found
R3970	T6843	T6844	mark	that,expressed
R3971	T6844	T6836	ccomp	expressed,found
R3972	T6845	T6844	nsubjpass	FGF9,expressed
R3973	T6846	T6844	auxpass	was,expressed
R3974	T6847	T6844	prep	in,expressed
R3975	T6848	T6849	nmod	Wnt4,gonads
R3976	T6849	T6847	pobj	gonads,in
R3977	T6850	T6848	punct	−,Wnt4
R3978	T6851	T6848	punct	/,Wnt4
R3979	T6852	T6848	punct	−,Wnt4
R3980	T6853	T6849	compound	XX,gonads
R3981	T6854	T6847	cc	but,in
R3982	T6855	T6854	neg	not,but
R3983	T6856	T6847	conj	in,in
R3984	T6857	T6858	nmod	Wnt4,controls
R3985	T6858	T6856	pobj	controls,in
R3986	T6859	T6857	punct	+,Wnt4
R3987	T6860	T6857	punct	/,Wnt4
R3988	T6861	T6857	punct	−,Wnt4
R3989	T6862	T6858	compound	XX,controls
R3990	T6863	T6864	punct	(,6B
R3991	T6864	T6836	parataxis	6B,found
R3992	T6865	T6864	compound	Figure,6B
R3993	T6866	T6864	cc	and,6B
R3994	T6867	T6864	conj	6C,6B
R3995	T6868	T6864	punct	),6B
R3996	T6869	T6836	punct	.,found
R3997	T6871	T6872	det	This,result
R3998	T6872	T6873	nsubj	result,suggested
R3999	T6874	T6875	mark	that,regulated
R4000	T6875	T6873	ccomp	regulated,suggested
R4001	T6876	T6875	nsubjpass	FGF9,regulated
R4002	T6877	T6875	auxpass	is,regulated
R4003	T6878	T6875	advmod	normally,regulated
R4004	T6879	T6875	advmod	down,regulated
R4005	T6880	T6875	punct	-,regulated
R4006	T6881	T6875	prep	by,regulated
R4007	T6882	T6881	pobj	WNT4,by
R4008	T6883	T6875	prep	in,regulated
R4009	T6884	T6885	compound	XX,gonads
R4010	T6885	T6883	pobj	gonads,in
R4011	T6886	T6873	punct	.,suggested
R4012	T6888	T6889	prep	Given,asked
R4013	T6890	T6891	poss	our,finding
R4014	T6891	T6888	pobj	finding,Given
R4015	T6892	T6893	mark	that,derepressed
R4016	T6893	T6891	acl	derepressed,finding
R4017	T6894	T6893	nsubjpass	FGF9,derepressed
R4018	T6895	T6894	punct	", ",FGF9
R4019	T6896	T6897	det	a,regulator
R4020	T6897	T6894	appos	regulator,FGF9
R4021	T6898	T6897	amod	positive,regulator
R4022	T6899	T6897	prep	of,regulator
R4023	T6900	T6899	pobj	Sox9,of
R4024	T6901	T6893	punct	", ",derepressed
R4025	T6902	T6893	auxpass	is,derepressed
R4026	T6903	T6893	prep	in,derepressed
R4027	T6904	T6905	nmod	XX,gonads
R4028	T6905	T6903	pobj	gonads,in
R4029	T6906	T6905	nmod	Wnt4,gonads
R4030	T6907	T6906	punct	−,Wnt4
R4031	T6908	T6906	punct	/,Wnt4
R4032	T6909	T6906	punct	−,Wnt4
R4033	T6910	T6889	punct	", ",asked
R4034	T6911	T6889	nsubj	we,asked
R4035	T6912	T6913	mark	whether,occur
R4036	T6913	T6889	ccomp	occur,asked
R4037	T6914	T6913	nsubj	expression,occur
R4038	T6915	T6914	prep	of,expression
R4039	T6916	T6915	pobj	SOX9,of
R4040	T6917	T6913	aux	might,occur
R4041	T6918	T6913	advmod	also,occur
R4042	T6919	T6913	prep	in,occur
R4043	T6920	T6921	nmod	XX,gonads
R4044	T6921	T6919	pobj	gonads,in
R4045	T6922	T6921	nmod	Wnt4,gonads
R4046	T6923	T6922	punct	−,Wnt4
R4047	T6924	T6922	punct	/,Wnt4
R4048	T6925	T6922	punct	−,Wnt4
R4049	T6926	T6927	punct	(,6D
R4050	T6927	T6889	parataxis	6D,asked
R4051	T6928	T6927	compound	Figure,6D
R4052	T6929	T6930	punct	–,6L
R4053	T6930	T6927	prep	6L,6D
R4054	T6931	T6927	punct	),6D
R4055	T6932	T6889	punct	.,asked
R4056	T6934	T6935	det	An,antibody
R4057	T6935	T6936	nsubj	antibody,revealed
R4058	T6937	T6935	prep	against,antibody
R4059	T6938	T6937	pobj	SOX9,against
R4060	T6939	T6940	mark	that,regulated
R4061	T6940	T6936	ccomp	regulated,revealed
R4062	T6941	T6940	nsubjpass	expression,regulated
R4063	T6942	T6940	auxpass	was,regulated
R4064	T6943	T6940	advmod	initially,regulated
R4065	T6944	T6940	advmod	up,regulated
R4066	T6945	T6940	punct	-,regulated
R4067	T6946	T6940	prep	in,regulated
R4068	T6947	T6948	nmod	Wnt4,gonads
R4069	T6948	T6946	pobj	gonads,in
R4070	T6949	T6947	punct	−,Wnt4
R4071	T6950	T6947	punct	/,Wnt4
R4072	T6951	T6947	punct	−,Wnt4
R4073	T6952	T6948	compound	XX,gonads
R4074	T6953	T6948	prep	at,gonads
R4075	T6954	T6955	nummod	11.5,dpc
R4076	T6955	T6953	pobj	dpc,at
R4077	T6956	T6957	punct	(,6F
R4078	T6957	T6940	parataxis	6F,regulated
R4079	T6958	T6957	compound	Figure,6F
R4080	T6959	T6957	cc	and,6F
R4081	T6960	T6957	conj	6I,6F
R4082	T6961	T6957	punct	),6F
R4083	T6962	T6940	punct	", ",regulated
R4084	T6963	T6964	mark	although,was
R4085	T6964	T6940	advcl	was,regulated
R4086	T6965	T6964	nsubj	it,was
R4087	T6966	T6964	advmod	rapidly,was
R4088	T6967	T6968	advmod	down,regulated
R4089	T6968	T6964	dep	regulated,was
R4090	T6969	T6968	punct	-,regulated
R4091	T6970	T6968	prep	by,regulated
R4092	T6971	T6972	nummod	12.0,dpc
R4093	T6972	T6970	pobj	dpc,by
R4094	T6973	T6968	cc	and,regulated
R4095	T6974	T6968	conj	absent,regulated
R4096	T6975	T6974	prep	at,absent
R4097	T6976	T6977	nummod	12.5,dpc
R4098	T6977	T6975	pobj	dpc,at
R4099	T6978	T6979	punct	(,6I
R4100	T6979	T6936	parataxis	6I,revealed
R4101	T6980	T6979	compound	Figure,6I
R4102	T6981	T6979	cc	and,6I
R4103	T6982	T6979	conj	6L,6I
R4104	T6983	T6979	punct	),6I
R4105	T6984	T6936	punct	.,revealed
R4106	T6986	T6987	det	This,finding
R4107	T6987	T6988	nsubjpass	finding,confirmed
R4108	T6989	T6988	auxpass	was,confirmed
R4109	T6990	T6988	agent	by,confirmed
R4110	T6991	T6992	nmod	mRNA,hybridization
R4111	T6992	T6990	pobj	hybridization,by
R4112	T6993	T6994	advmod	in,situ
R4113	T6994	T6992	amod	situ,hybridization
R4114	T6995	T6992	punct	", ",hybridization
R4115	T6996	T6997	dep	which,detected
R4116	T6997	T6992	relcl	detected,hybridization
R4117	T6998	T6997	advmod	also,detected
R4118	T6999	T7000	compound	Sox9,transcripts
R4119	T7000	T6997	dobj	transcripts,detected
R4120	T7001	T6997	prep	in,detected
R4121	T7002	T7003	nummod	11.5,dpc
R4122	T7003	T7004	nmod	dpc,gonads
R4123	T7004	T7001	pobj	gonads,in
R4124	T7005	T7004	nmod	Wnt4,gonads
R4125	T7006	T7005	punct	−,Wnt4
R4126	T7007	T7005	punct	/,Wnt4
R4127	T7008	T7005	punct	−,Wnt4
R4128	T7009	T7004	compound	XX,gonads
R4129	T7010	T7011	punct	(,S1
R4130	T7011	T6988	parataxis	S1,confirmed
R4131	T7012	T7011	compound	Figure,S1
R4132	T7013	T7011	punct	),S1
R4133	T7014	T6988	punct	.,confirmed
R4134	T7016	T7017	nmod	Wnt4,gonads
R4135	T7017	T7022	nsubj	gonads,increase
R4136	T7018	T7016	punct	−,Wnt4
R4137	T7019	T7016	punct	/,Wnt4
R4138	T7020	T7016	punct	−,Wnt4
R4139	T7021	T7017	compound	XX,gonads
R4140	T7023	T7022	aux	do,increase
R4141	T7024	T7022	neg	not,increase
R4142	T7025	T7022	prep	in,increase
R4143	T7026	T7025	pobj	size,in
R4144	T7027	T7022	advcl	comparable,increase
R4145	T7028	T7027	prep	to,comparable
R4146	T7029	T7030	amod	normal,gonads
R4147	T7030	T7028	pobj	gonads,to
R4148	T7031	T7030	compound	XY,gonads
R4149	T7032	T7033	punct	(,6C
R4150	T7033	T7022	parataxis	6C,increase
R4151	T7034	T7033	compound	Figure,6C
R4152	T7035	T7033	punct	", ",6C
R4153	T7036	T7033	conj	6F,6C
R4154	T7037	T7036	punct	", ",6F
R4155	T7038	T7036	conj	6I,6F
R4156	T7039	T7038	punct	", ",6I
R4157	T7040	T7038	cc	and,6I
R4158	T7041	T7038	conj	6L,6I
R4159	T7042	T7033	punct	),6C
R4160	T7043	T7022	punct	", ",increase
R4161	T7044	T7022	cc	and,increase
R4162	T7045	T7046	compound	Sertoli,cell
R4163	T7046	T7047	compound	cell,differentiation
R4164	T7047	T7048	nsubj	differentiation,occur
R4165	T7048	T7022	conj	occur,increase
R4166	T7049	T7047	cc	and,differentiation
R4167	T7050	T7051	compound	testis,cord
R4168	T7051	T7052	compound	cord,formation
R4169	T7052	T7047	conj	formation,differentiation
R4170	T7053	T7048	aux	do,occur
R4171	T7054	T7048	neg	not,occur
R4172	T7055	T7048	punct	.,occur
R4173	T7057	T7058	advmod	Nevertheless,is
R4174	T7059	T7058	punct	", ",is
R4175	T7060	T7058	nsubj	it,is
R4176	T7061	T7058	acomp	noteworthy,is
R4177	T7062	T7063	mark	that,occurs
R4178	T7063	T7058	ccomp	occurs,is
R4179	T7064	T7065	amod	up,regulation
R4180	T7065	T7063	nsubj	regulation,occurs
R4181	T7066	T7065	punct	-,regulation
R4182	T7067	T7065	prep	of,regulation
R4183	T7068	T7067	pobj	SOX9,of
R4184	T7069	T7063	prep	in,occurs
R4185	T7070	T7071	det	this,case
R4186	T7071	T7069	pobj	case,in
R4187	T7072	T7063	prep	in,occurs
R4188	T7073	T7074	det	the,absence
R4189	T7074	T7072	pobj	absence,in
R4190	T7075	T7074	prep	of,absence
R4191	T7076	T7075	pobj	Sry,of
R4192	T7077	T7063	punct	", ",occurs
R4193	T7078	T7063	prep	by,occurs
R4194	T7079	T7078	pcomp	eliminating,by
R4195	T7080	T7081	det	the,effect
R4196	T7081	T7079	dobj	effect,eliminating
R4197	T7082	T7081	amod	antagonistic,effect
R4198	T7083	T7081	prep	of,effect
R4199	T7084	T7083	pobj	Wnt4,of
R4200	T7085	T7079	cc	and,eliminating
R4201	T7086	T7087	advmod	up,regulating
R4202	T7087	T7079	conj	regulating,eliminating
R4203	T7088	T7087	punct	-,regulating
R4204	T7089	T7087	dobj	FGF9,regulating
R4205	T7090	T7058	punct	", ",is
R4206	T7091	T7058	advcl	supporting,is
R4207	T7092	T7093	poss	our,hypothesis
R4208	T7093	T7091	dobj	hypothesis,supporting
R4209	T7094	T7095	mark	that,occurs
R4210	T7095	T7093	acl	occurs,hypothesis
R4211	T7096	T7097	compound	sex,determination
R4212	T7097	T7095	nsubj	determination,occurs
R4213	T7098	T7095	prep	by,occurs
R4214	T7099	T7098	pcomp	tipping,by
R4215	T7100	T7101	det	the,balance
R4216	T7101	T7099	dobj	balance,tipping
R4217	T7102	T7101	prep	between,balance
R4218	T7103	T7104	det	these,signals
R4219	T7104	T7102	pobj	signals,between
R4220	T7105	T7104	nummod	two,signals
R4221	T7106	T7104	amod	opposing,signals
R4222	T7107	T7058	punct	.,is
R4246	T7954	T7955	amod	Many,studies
R4247	T7955	T7956	nsubj	studies,support
R4248	T7956	T7957	ccomp	support,develop
R4249	T7958	T7959	det	the,view
R4250	T7959	T7956	dobj	view,support
R4251	T7960	T7961	mark	that,are
R4252	T7961	T7959	acl	are,view
R4253	T7962	T7961	nsubj	cells,are
R4254	T7963	T7962	prep	in,cells
R4255	T7964	T7965	det	the,gonad
R4256	T7965	T7963	pobj	gonad,in
R4257	T7966	T7965	amod	undifferentiated,gonad
R4258	T7967	T7961	acomp	bipotential,are
R4259	T7968	T7957	punct	;,develop
R4260	T7969	T7970	det	the,lineage
R4261	T7970	T7957	nsubj	lineage,develop
R4262	T7971	T7970	amod	supporting,lineage
R4263	T7972	T7973	compound	cell,precursor
R4264	T7973	T7970	compound	precursor,lineage
R4265	T7974	T7957	aux	can,develop
R4266	T7975	T7957	prep	into,develop
R4267	T7976	T7977	compound	follicle,cells
R4268	T7977	T7975	pobj	cells,into
R4269	T7978	T7977	cc	or,cells
R4270	T7979	T7980	compound	Sertoli,cells
R4271	T7980	T7977	conj	cells,cells
R4272	T7981	T7957	punct	.,develop
R4273	T7983	T7984	prep	In,embark
R4274	T7985	T7986	nmod	Fgf9,−
R4275	T7986	T7989	punct	−,gonads
R4276	T7987	T7986	punct	−,−
R4277	T7988	T7986	punct	/,−
R4278	T7989	T7983	pobj	gonads,In
R4279	T7990	T7989	compound	XY,gonads
R4280	T7991	T7984	punct	", ",embark
R4281	T7992	T7984	nsubj	cells,embark
R4282	T7993	T7984	advmod	initially,embark
R4283	T7994	T7984	prep	on,embark
R4284	T7995	T7996	det	the,pathway
R4285	T7996	T7994	pobj	pathway,on
R4286	T7997	T7996	compound	Sertoli,pathway
R4287	T7998	T7984	punct	", ",embark
R4288	T7999	T7984	cc	but,embark
R4289	T8000	T8001	prep	in,maintain
R4290	T8001	T7984	conj	maintain,embark
R4291	T8002	T8003	det	the,absence
R4292	T8003	T8000	pobj	absence,in
R4293	T8004	T8003	prep	of,absence
R4294	T8005	T8004	pobj	Fgf9,of
R4295	T8006	T8001	aux	can,maintain
R4296	T8007	T8001	preconj	neither,maintain
R4297	T8008	T8009	compound	Sox9,expression
R4298	T8009	T8001	dobj	expression,maintain
R4299	T8010	T8001	cc	nor,maintain
R4300	T8011	T8001	conj	establish,maintain
R4301	T8012	T8013	amod	downstream,pathways
R4302	T8013	T8011	dobj	pathways,establish
R4303	T8014	T8013	amod	male,pathways
R4304	T8015	T7984	punct	.,embark
R4305	T8017	T8018	det	The,loss
R4306	T8018	T8019	nsubj	loss,is
R4307	T8020	T8018	prep	of,loss
R4308	T8021	T8022	compound	Sertoli,cells
R4309	T8022	T8020	pobj	cells,of
R4310	T8023	T8018	prep	in,loss
R4311	T8024	T8025	nmod	XY,gonads
R4312	T8025	T8023	pobj	gonads,in
R4313	T8026	T8025	nmod	Fgf9,gonads
R4314	T8027	T8026	punct	−,Fgf9
R4315	T8028	T8026	punct	/,Fgf9
R4316	T8029	T8026	punct	−,Fgf9
R4317	T8030	T8019	neg	not,is
R4318	T8031	T8019	prep	due,is
R4319	T8032	T8031	prep	to,due
R4320	T8033	T8034	compound	cell,death
R4321	T8034	T8032	pobj	death,to
R4322	T8035	T8019	punct	", ",is
R4323	T8036	T8019	cc	but,is
R4324	T8037	T8019	conj	instead,is
R4325	T8038	T8037	prep	to,instead
R4326	T8039	T8040	det	a,transition
R4327	T8040	T8038	pobj	transition,to
R4328	T8041	T8040	prep	of,transition
R4329	T8042	T8043	amod	supporting,cell
R4330	T8043	T8044	compound	cell,fate
R4331	T8044	T8041	pobj	fate,of
R4332	T8045	T8046	mark	as,lost
R4333	T8046	T8040	advcl	lost,transition
R4334	T8047	T8048	compound	SOX9,expression
R4335	T8048	T8046	nsubjpass	expression,lost
R4336	T8049	T8046	auxpass	is,lost
R4337	T8050	T8019	punct	.,is
R4338	T8052	T8053	nsubj	We,suggest
R4339	T8054	T8055	mark	that,predominate
R4340	T8055	T8053	ccomp	predominate,suggest
R4341	T8056	T8055	prep	in,predominate
R4342	T8057	T8058	det	the,absence
R4343	T8058	T8056	pobj	absence,in
R4344	T8059	T8058	prep	of,absence
R4345	T8060	T8061	det	the,activity
R4346	T8061	T8059	pobj	activity,of
R4347	T8062	T8061	amod	antagonizing,activity
R4348	T8063	T8061	prep	of,activity
R4349	T8064	T8063	pobj	FGF9,of
R4350	T8065	T8055	punct	", ",predominate
R4351	T8066	T8067	compound	WNT4,signals
R4352	T8067	T8055	nsubj	signals,predominate
R4353	T8068	T8055	cc	and,predominate
R4354	T8069	T8055	conj	govern,predominate
R4355	T8070	T8071	amod	somatic,fate
R4356	T8071	T8069	dobj	fate,govern
R4357	T8072	T8071	compound	cell,fate
R4358	T8073	T8069	prep	in,govern
R4359	T8074	T8075	det	the,field
R4360	T8075	T8073	pobj	field,in
R4361	T8076	T8075	amod	gonadal,field
R4362	T8077	T8053	punct	.,suggest
R4363	T8079	T8080	det	The,disk
R4364	T8080	T8083	nsubj	disk,is
R4365	T8081	T8080	nmod	Drosophila,disk
R4366	T8082	T8080	amod	genital,disk
R4367	T8084	T8083	advmod	also,is
R4368	T8085	T8086	det	a,field
R4369	T8086	T8083	attr	field,is
R4370	T8087	T8086	prep	of,field
R4371	T8088	T8087	pobj	cells,of
R4372	T8089	T8090	dep	that,follows
R4373	T8090	T8086	relcl	follows,field
R4374	T8091	T8090	advmod	normally,follows
R4375	T8092	T8093	quantmod	one,two
R4376	T8093	T8095	nummod	two,fates
R4377	T8094	T8093	quantmod	of,two
R4378	T8095	T8090	dobj	fates,follows
R4379	T8096	T8097	advmod	sexually,dimorphic
R4380	T8097	T8095	amod	dimorphic,fates
R4381	T8098	T8083	punct	.,is
R4382	T8100	T8101	prep	For,believed
R4383	T8102	T8103	amod	many,years
R4384	T8103	T8100	pobj	years,For
R4385	T8104	T8101	nsubjpass	it,believed
R4386	T8105	T8101	auxpass	was,believed
R4387	T8106	T8107	mark	that,was
R4388	T8107	T8101	ccomp	was,believed
R4389	T8108	T8109	det	the,fate
R4390	T8109	T8107	nsubj	fate,was
R4391	T8110	T8109	prep	of,fate
R4392	T8111	T8112	det	each,cell
R4393	T8112	T8110	pobj	cell,of
R4394	T8113	T8109	prep	in,fate
R4395	T8114	T8115	det	the,disk
R4396	T8115	T8113	pobj	disk,in
R4397	T8116	T8115	amod	genital,disk
R4398	T8117	T8107	prep	under,was
R4399	T8118	T8119	det	the,control
R4400	T8119	T8117	pobj	control,under
R4401	T8120	T8121	npadvmod	cell,autonomous
R4402	T8121	T8119	amod	autonomous,control
R4403	T8122	T8121	punct	-,autonomous
R4404	T8123	T8119	prep	of,control
R4405	T8124	T8125	amod	double,sex
R4406	T8125	T8123	pobj	sex,of
R4407	T8126	T8125	punct	(,sex
R4408	T8127	T8125	appos	dsx,sex
R4409	T8128	T8125	punct	),sex
R4410	T8129	T8125	punct	", ",sex
R4411	T8130	T8131	det	the,regulator
R4412	T8131	T8125	appos	regulator,sex
R4413	T8132	T8131	amod	key,regulator
R4414	T8133	T8131	prep	of,regulator
R4415	T8134	T8135	det	the,pathway
R4416	T8135	T8133	pobj	pathway,of
R4417	T8136	T8137	compound	sex,determination
R4418	T8137	T8135	compound	determination,pathway
R4419	T8138	T8101	punct	.,believed
R4420	T8140	T8141	advmod	However,shown
R4421	T8142	T8141	punct	", ",shown
R4422	T8143	T8144	amod	mosaic,studies
R4423	T8144	T8141	nsubj	studies,shown
R4424	T8145	T8141	aux	have,shown
R4425	T8146	T8147	mark	that,regulate
R4426	T8147	T8141	ccomp	regulate,shown
R4427	T8148	T8149	det	the,sex
R4428	T8149	T8147	nsubj	sex,regulate
R4429	T8150	T8149	amod	genetic,sex
R4430	T8151	T8149	prep	of,sex
R4431	T8152	T8153	det	the,cells
R4432	T8153	T8151	pobj	cells,of
R4433	T8154	T8149	prep	in,sex
R4434	T8155	T8156	det	the,organizers
R4435	T8156	T8154	pobj	organizers,in
R4436	T8157	T8158	amod	anterior,posterior
R4437	T8158	T8156	amod	posterior,organizers
R4438	T8159	T8158	punct	/,posterior
R4439	T8160	T8156	prep	of,organizers
R4440	T8161	T8162	det	the,disk
R4441	T8162	T8160	pobj	disk,of
R4442	T8163	T8149	punct	", ",sex
R4443	T8164	T8149	cc	not,sex
R4444	T8165	T8166	det	the,sex
R4445	T8166	T8149	conj	sex,sex
R4446	T8167	T8166	prep	of,sex
R4447	T8168	T8169	det	the,majority
R4448	T8169	T8167	pobj	majority,of
R4449	T8170	T8169	prep	of,majority
R4450	T8171	T8170	pobj	cells,of
R4451	T8172	T8169	prep	in,majority
R4452	T8173	T8174	det	the,disk
R4453	T8174	T8172	pobj	disk,in
R4454	T8175	T8147	punct	", ",regulate
R4455	T8176	T8177	det	the,fate
R4456	T8177	T8147	dobj	fate,regulate
R4457	T8178	T8179	advmod	sexually,dimorphic
R4458	T8179	T8177	amod	dimorphic,fate
R4459	T8180	T8177	prep	of,fate
R4460	T8181	T8182	det	the,disk
R4461	T8182	T8180	pobj	disk,of
R4462	T8183	T8141	punct	.,shown
R4463	T8185	T8186	nsubj	This,occurs
R4464	T8187	T8186	prep	through,occurs
R4465	T8188	T8189	det	the,regulation
R4466	T8189	T8187	pobj	regulation,through
R4467	T8190	T8191	npadvmod	sex,specific
R4468	T8191	T8189	amod	specific,regulation
R4469	T8192	T8191	punct	-,specific
R4470	T8193	T8189	prep	of,regulation
R4471	T8194	T8193	pobj	WNT,of
R4472	T8195	T8194	punct	", ",WNT
R4473	T8196	T8194	conj	FGF,WNT
R4474	T8197	T8196	punct	", ",FGF
R4475	T8198	T8196	cc	and,FGF
R4476	T8199	T8200	amod	transforming,factor
R4477	T8200	T8202	compound	factor,signaling
R4478	T8201	T8200	compound	growth,factor
R4479	T8202	T8196	conj	signaling,FGF
R4480	T8203	T8202	compound	beta,signaling
R4481	T8204	T8189	punct	", ",regulation
R4482	T8205	T8206	dep	which,regulate
R4483	T8206	T8189	relcl	regulate,regulation
R4484	T8207	T8206	prep	in,regulate
R4485	T8208	T8207	pobj	turn,in
R4486	T8209	T8210	det	the,growth
R4487	T8210	T8206	dobj	growth,regulate
R4488	T8211	T8210	punct	", ",growth
R4489	T8212	T8213	compound	cell,differentiation
R4490	T8213	T8210	conj	differentiation,growth
R4491	T8214	T8213	punct	", ",differentiation
R4492	T8215	T8213	cc	and,differentiation
R4493	T8216	T8213	conj	morphogenesis,differentiation
R4494	T8217	T8210	prep	of,growth
R4495	T8218	T8219	det	the,disk
R4496	T8219	T8217	pobj	disk,of
R4497	T8220	T8221	punct	[,42
R4498	T8221	T8186	parataxis	42,occurs
R4499	T8222	T8221	nummod	41,42
R4500	T8223	T8221	punct	",",42
R4501	T8224	T8221	punct	],42
R4502	T8225	T8186	punct	.,occurs
R4503	T8227	T8228	npadvmod	Sex,specific
R4504	T8228	T8230	amod	specific,regulation
R4505	T8229	T8228	punct	-,specific
R4506	T8230	T8231	nsubj	regulation,occur
R4507	T8231	T8238	ccomp	occur,occurs
R4508	T8232	T8230	prep	of,regulation
R4509	T8233	T8234	compound	gonad,organogenesis
R4510	T8234	T8232	pobj	organogenesis,of
R4511	T8235	T8230	prep	in,regulation
R4512	T8236	T8235	pobj	vertebrates,in
R4513	T8237	T8231	aux	may,occur
R4514	T8239	T8231	prep	in,occur
R4515	T8240	T8241	det	a,manner
R4516	T8241	T8239	pobj	manner,in
R4517	T8242	T8241	amod	similar,manner
R4518	T8243	T8241	punct	", ",manner
R4519	T8244	T8245	advmod	where,are
R4520	T8245	T8241	relcl	are,manner
R4521	T8246	T8247	det	some,cells
R4522	T8247	T8245	nsubj	cells,are
R4523	T8248	T8249	npadvmod	cell,autonomously
R4524	T8249	T8251	advmod	autonomously,responsive
R4525	T8250	T8249	punct	-,autonomously
R4526	T8251	T8245	acomp	responsive,are
R4527	T8252	T8251	prep	to,responsive
R4528	T8253	T8254	det	the,switch
R4529	T8254	T8252	pobj	switch,to
R4530	T8255	T8256	npadvmod	sex,determining
R4531	T8256	T8254	amod	determining,switch
R4532	T8257	T8256	punct	-,determining
R4533	T8258	T8238	punct	;,occurs
R4534	T8259	T8238	advmod	however,occurs
R4535	T8260	T8238	punct	", ",occurs
R4536	T8261	T8262	det	the,establishment
R4537	T8262	T8238	nsubj	establishment,occurs
R4538	T8263	T8262	prep	of,establishment
R4539	T8264	T8265	det	the,program
R4540	T8265	T8263	pobj	program,of
R4541	T8266	T8265	amod	male,program
R4542	T8267	T8266	cc	or,male
R4543	T8268	T8266	conj	female,male
R4544	T8269	T8238	prep	through,occurs
R4545	T8270	T8271	det	the,activity
R4546	T8271	T8269	pobj	activity,through
R4547	T8272	T8273	amod	non-cell,autonomous
R4548	T8273	T8271	amod	autonomous,activity
R4549	T8274	T8273	punct	-,autonomous
R4550	T8275	T8271	prep	of,activity
R4551	T8276	T8277	amod	classic,pathways
R4552	T8277	T8275	pobj	pathways,of
R4553	T8278	T8277	compound	signaling,pathways
R4554	T8279	T8280	dep	that,act
R4555	T8280	T8277	relcl	act,pathways
R4556	T8281	T8280	prep	in,act
R4557	T8282	T8283	det	an,manner
R4558	T8283	T8281	pobj	manner,in
R4559	T8284	T8283	amod	antagonistic,manner
R4560	T8285	T8280	cc	and,act
R4561	T8286	T8280	conj	coordinate,act
R4562	T8287	T8286	dobj	growth,coordinate
R4563	T8288	T8287	punct	", ",growth
R4564	T8289	T8290	compound	cell,differentiation
R4565	T8290	T8287	conj	differentiation,growth
R4566	T8291	T8290	cc	and,differentiation
R4567	T8292	T8290	conj	morphogenesis,differentiation
R4568	T8293	T8286	prep	in,coordinate
R4569	T8294	T8295	det	the,gonad
R4570	T8295	T8293	pobj	gonad,in
R4571	T8296	T8238	punct	.,occurs
R4572	T8298	T8299	det	The,interplay
R4573	T8299	T8300	nsubjpass	interplay,understood
R4574	T8301	T8299	prep	between,interplay
R4575	T8302	T8303	npadvmod	cell,autonomous
R4576	T8303	T8305	amod	autonomous,pathways
R4577	T8304	T8303	punct	-,autonomous
R4578	T8305	T8301	pobj	pathways,between
R4579	T8306	T8303	cc	and,autonomous
R4580	T8307	T8308	amod	non-cell,autonomous
R4581	T8308	T8303	conj	autonomous,autonomous
R4582	T8309	T8308	punct	-,autonomous
R4583	T8310	T8299	prep	in,interplay
R4584	T8311	T8312	det	the,gonad
R4585	T8312	T8310	pobj	gonad,in
R4586	T8313	T8312	amod	mammalian,gonad
R4587	T8314	T8300	auxpass	is,understood
R4588	T8315	T8300	neg	not,understood
R4589	T8316	T8300	advmod	well,understood
R4590	T8317	T8300	punct	.,understood
R4591	T8319	T8320	prep	In,recruited
R4592	T8321	T8322	nmod	XX,experiments
R4593	T8322	T8319	pobj	experiments,In
R4594	T8323	T8324	punct	↔,XY
R4595	T8324	T8321	prep	XY,XX
R4596	T8325	T8322	compound	chimera,experiments
R4597	T8326	T8320	punct	", ",recruited
R4598	T8327	T8328	compound	XX,cells
R4599	T8328	T8320	nsubjpass	cells,recruited
R4600	T8329	T8320	aux	can,recruited
R4601	T8330	T8320	auxpass	be,recruited
R4602	T8331	T8320	prep	to,recruited
R4603	T8332	T8333	det	the,lineage
R4604	T8333	T8331	pobj	lineage,to
R4605	T8334	T8333	compound	Sertoli,lineage
R4606	T8335	T8320	punct	", ",recruited
R4607	T8336	T8320	advcl	indicating,recruited
R4608	T8337	T8338	mark	that,operate
R4609	T8338	T8336	ccomp	operate,indicating
R4610	T8339	T8340	amod	non-cell,autonomous
R4611	T8340	T8342	amod	autonomous,mechanisms
R4612	T8341	T8340	punct	-,autonomous
R4613	T8342	T8338	nsubj	mechanisms,operate
R4614	T8343	T8342	compound	signaling,mechanisms
R4615	T8344	T8338	prep	under,operate
R4616	T8345	T8346	det	these,conditions
R4617	T8346	T8344	pobj	conditions,under
R4618	T8347	T8348	punct	[,15
R4619	T8348	T8320	parataxis	15,recruited
R4620	T8349	T8348	punct	],15
R4621	T8350	T8320	punct	.,recruited
R4622	T8352	T8353	amod	Other,studies
R4623	T8353	T8356	nsubj	studies,suggested
R4624	T8354	T8355	advmod	more,recent
R4625	T8355	T8353	amod	recent,studies
R4626	T8357	T8356	aux	have,suggested
R4627	T8358	T8359	mark	that,involved
R4628	T8359	T8356	ccomp	involved,suggested
R4629	T8360	T8361	amod	paracrine,signals
R4630	T8361	T8359	nsubjpass	signals,involved
R4631	T8362	T8359	aux	could,involved
R4632	T8363	T8359	auxpass	be,involved
R4633	T8364	T8359	prep	in,involved
R4634	T8365	T8366	det	the,establishment
R4635	T8366	T8364	pobj	establishment,in
R4636	T8367	T8366	prep	of,establishment
R4637	T8368	T8369	compound	Sertoli,cells
R4638	T8369	T8367	pobj	cells,of
R4639	T8370	T8371	punct	[,43
R4640	T8371	T8356	parataxis	43,suggested
R4641	T8372	T8373	punct	–,46
R4642	T8373	T8371	prep	46,43
R4643	T8374	T8371	punct	],43
R4644	T8375	T8356	punct	.,suggested
R4645	T8377	T8378	det	The,study
R4646	T8378	T8380	nsubj	study,reveals
R4647	T8379	T8378	amod	current,study
R4648	T8381	T8382	mark	that,induce
R4649	T8382	T8380	ccomp	induce,reveals
R4650	T8383	T8384	amod	ectopic,FGF9
R4651	T8384	T8382	nsubj	FGF9,induce
R4652	T8385	T8382	aux	can,induce
R4653	T8386	T8382	dobj	SOX9,induce
R4654	T8387	T8382	prep	under,induce
R4655	T8388	T8387	pobj	conditions,under
R4656	T8389	T8390	prep	in,dissociated
R4657	T8390	T8388	relcl	dissociated,conditions
R4658	T8391	T8389	pobj	which,in
R4659	T8392	T8393	compound	XX,cells
R4660	T8393	T8390	nsubjpass	cells,dissociated
R4661	T8394	T8390	auxpass	are,dissociated
R4662	T8395	T8396	punct	(,2F
R4663	T8396	T8390	parataxis	2F,dissociated
R4664	T8397	T8396	compound	Figure,2F
R4665	T8398	T8396	punct	),2F
R4666	T8399	T8390	punct	", ",dissociated
R4667	T8400	T8401	advmod	when,applied
R4668	T8401	T8390	advcl	applied,dissociated
R4669	T8402	T8403	det	an,bead
R4670	T8403	T8401	nsubjpass	bead,applied
R4671	T8404	T8405	npadvmod	FGF9,coated
R4672	T8405	T8403	amod	coated,bead
R4673	T8406	T8405	punct	-,coated
R4674	T8407	T8401	auxpass	is,applied
R4675	T8408	T8401	advmod	directly,applied
R4676	T8409	T8401	prep	to,applied
R4677	T8410	T8411	det	the,gonad
R4678	T8411	T8409	pobj	gonad,to
R4679	T8412	T8411	compound	XX,gonad
R4680	T8413	T8414	punct	(,2K
R4681	T8414	T8401	parataxis	2K,applied
R4682	T8415	T8414	compound	Figure,2K
R4683	T8416	T8414	punct	),2K
R4684	T8417	T8401	punct	", ",applied
R4685	T8418	T8401	cc	or,applied
R4686	T8419	T8420	advmod	when,reduced
R4687	T8420	T8401	conj	reduced,applied
R4688	T8421	T8422	det	the,dose
R4689	T8422	T8420	nsubjpass	dose,reduced
R4690	T8423	T8422	prep	of,dose
R4691	T8424	T8423	pobj	Wnt4,of
R4692	T8425	T8420	auxpass	is,reduced
R4693	T8426	T8427	punct	(,5G
R4694	T8427	T8420	parataxis	5G,reduced
R4695	T8428	T8427	compound	Figure,5G
R4696	T8429	T8427	punct	),5G
R4697	T8430	T8380	punct	.,reveals
R4698	T8432	T8433	mark	Whether,acts
R4699	T8433	T8436	csubj	acts,is
R4700	T8434	T8433	nsubj	FGF9,acts
R4701	T8435	T8433	advmod	normally,acts
R4702	T8437	T8438	amod	non-cell,autonomously
R4703	T8438	T8433	advmod	autonomously,acts
R4704	T8439	T8438	punct	-,autonomously
R4705	T8440	T8441	advmod	in,vivo
R4706	T8441	T8433	advmod	vivo,acts
R4707	T8442	T8443	aux	to,recruit
R4708	T8443	T8433	advcl	recruit,acts
R4709	T8444	T8445	compound	XY,cells
R4710	T8445	T8443	dobj	cells,recruit
R4711	T8446	T8443	prep	to,recruit
R4712	T8447	T8448	det	the,lineage
R4713	T8448	T8446	pobj	lineage,to
R4714	T8449	T8448	compound	Sertoli,lineage
R4715	T8450	T8443	prep	by,recruit
R4716	T8451	T8452	advmod	up,regulating
R4717	T8452	T8450	pcomp	regulating,by
R4718	T8453	T8452	punct	-,regulating
R4719	T8454	T8452	dobj	SOX9,regulating
R4720	T8455	T8436	neg	not,is
R4721	T8456	T8436	acomp	clear,is
R4722	T8457	T8436	punct	.,is
R4723	T8459	T8460	nsubj	We,show
R4724	T8461	T8462	mark	that,regulate
R4725	T8462	T8460	ccomp	regulate,show
R4726	T8463	T8462	nsubj	Sry,regulate
R4727	T8464	T8462	aux	can,regulate
R4728	T8465	T8462	advmod	initially,regulate
R4729	T8466	T8462	advmod	up,regulate
R4730	T8467	T8462	punct	-,regulate
R4731	T8468	T8462	dobj	SOX9,regulate
R4732	T8469	T8462	prep	in,regulate
R4733	T8470	T8471	det	the,absence
R4734	T8471	T8469	pobj	absence,in
R4735	T8472	T8471	prep	of,absence
R4736	T8473	T8472	pobj	Fgf9,of
R4737	T8474	T8462	punct	", ",regulate
R4738	T8475	T8462	advcl	suggesting,regulate
R4739	T8476	T8477	mark	that,is
R4740	T8477	T8475	ccomp	is,suggesting
R4741	T8478	T8477	nsubj	FGF9,is
R4742	T8479	T8477	neg	not,is
R4743	T8480	T8477	acomp	necessary,is
R4744	T8481	T8480	prep	for,necessary
R4745	T8482	T8483	det	this,step
R4746	T8483	T8481	pobj	step,for
R4747	T8484	T8460	punct	.,show
R4748	T8486	T8487	advmod	However,act
R4749	T8488	T8487	punct	", ",act
R4750	T8489	T8487	nsubj	FGF9,act
R4751	T8490	T8487	aux	may,act
R4752	T8491	T8492	aux	to,trigger
R4753	T8492	T8487	advcl	trigger,act
R4754	T8493	T8494	compound	cell,proliferation
R4755	T8494	T8492	dobj	proliferation,trigger
R4756	T8495	T8487	punct	", ",act
R4757	T8496	T8487	advcl	increasing,act
R4758	T8497	T8498	det	the,number
R4759	T8498	T8496	dobj	number,increasing
R4760	T8499	T8498	prep	of,number
R4761	T8500	T8501	compound	Sertoli,precursors
R4762	T8501	T8499	pobj	precursors,of
R4763	T8502	T8498	prep	above,number
R4764	T8503	T8504	det	a,threshold
R4765	T8504	T8502	pobj	threshold,above
R4766	T8505	T8504	acl	needed,threshold
R4767	T8506	T8507	aux	to,stabilize
R4768	T8507	T8505	advcl	stabilize,needed
R4769	T8508	T8509	det	the,pathway
R4770	T8509	T8507	dobj	pathway,stabilize
R4771	T8510	T8509	amod	male,pathway
R4772	T8511	T8496	punct	", ",increasing
R4773	T8512	T8496	advcl	consistent,increasing
R4774	T8513	T8512	prep	with,consistent
R4775	T8514	T8515	compound	threshold,requirements
R4776	T8515	T8513	pobj	requirements,with
R4777	T8516	T8515	acl	deduced,requirements
R4778	T8517	T8516	prep	from,deduced
R4779	T8518	T8519	amod	earlier,studies
R4780	T8519	T8517	pobj	studies,from
R4781	T8520	T8519	acl	using,studies
R4782	T8521	T8522	nmod	XX,XY
R4783	T8522	T8524	nmod	XY,gonads
R4784	T8523	T8522	punct	↔,XY
R4785	T8524	T8520	dobj	gonads,using
R4786	T8525	T8524	amod	chimeric,gonads
R4787	T8526	T8527	punct	[,15
R4788	T8527	T8487	parataxis	15,act
R4789	T8528	T8527	punct	],15
R4790	T8529	T8487	punct	.,act
R4791	T8531	T8532	mark	Since,produce
R4792	T8532	T8535	advcl	produce,result
R4793	T8533	T8534	compound	Sertoli,cells
R4794	T8534	T8532	nsubj	cells,produce
R4795	T8536	T8532	dobj	FGF9,produce
R4796	T8537	T8535	punct	", ",result
R4797	T8538	T8535	nsubj	loss,result
R4798	T8539	T8538	prep	of,loss
R4799	T8540	T8539	pobj	proliferation,of
R4800	T8541	T8538	prep	of,loss
R4801	T8542	T8543	compound	Sertoli,precursors
R4802	T8543	T8541	pobj	precursors,of
R4803	T8544	T8535	aux	may,result
R4804	T8545	T8535	prep	in,result
R4805	T8546	T8547	det	a,reduction
R4806	T8547	T8545	pobj	reduction,in
R4807	T8548	T8547	prep	of,reduction
R4808	T8549	T8550	det	the,level
R4809	T8550	T8548	pobj	level,of
R4810	T8551	T8550	amod	overall,level
R4811	T8552	T8550	prep	of,level
R4812	T8553	T8552	pobj	FGF9,of
R4813	T8554	T8553	punct	", ",FGF9
R4814	T8555	T8553	cc	and,FGF9
R4815	T8556	T8555	punct	/,and
R4816	T8557	T8555	cc	or,and
R4817	T8558	T8559	amod	other,signals
R4818	T8559	T8553	conj	signals,FGF9
R4819	T8560	T8561	amod	male,paracrine
R4820	T8561	T8559	nmod	paracrine,signals
R4821	T8562	T8547	punct	", ",reduction
R4822	T8563	T8547	prep	below,reduction
R4823	T8564	T8565	det	a,level
R4824	T8565	T8563	pobj	level,below
R4825	T8566	T8567	amod	critical,threshold
R4826	T8567	T8565	compound	threshold,level
R4827	T8568	T8565	acl	required,level
R4828	T8569	T8570	aux	to,antagonize
R4829	T8570	T8568	advcl	antagonize,required
R4830	T8571	T8572	det	the,influence
R4831	T8572	T8570	dobj	influence,antagonize
R4832	T8573	T8572	prep	of,influence
R4833	T8574	T8573	pobj	WNT4,of
R4834	T8575	T8535	punct	.,result
R4835	T8577	T8578	det	This,model
R4836	T8578	T8579	nsubj	model,appealing
R4837	T8580	T8579	aux	is,appealing
R4838	T8581	T8579	punct	", ",appealing
R4839	T8582	T8583	mark	because,links
R4840	T8583	T8579	advcl	links,appealing
R4841	T8584	T8583	nsubj	it,links
R4842	T8585	T8586	compound	cell,proliferation
R4843	T8586	T8583	dobj	proliferation,links
R4844	T8587	T8586	punct	", ",proliferation
R4845	T8588	T8586	acl	believed,proliferation
R4846	T8589	T8590	aux	to,required
R4847	T8590	T8588	xcomp	required,believed
R4848	T8591	T8590	auxpass	be,required
R4849	T8592	T8590	prep	for,required
R4850	T8593	T8592	pobj	establishment,for
R4851	T8594	T8593	prep	of,establishment
R4852	T8595	T8596	det	the,pathway
R4853	T8596	T8594	pobj	pathway,of
R4854	T8597	T8596	amod	male,pathway
R4855	T8598	T8599	punct	[,9
R4856	T8599	T8586	parataxis	9,proliferation
R4857	T8600	T8599	punct	],9
R4858	T8601	T8583	punct	", ",links
R4859	T8602	T8583	prep	with,links
R4860	T8603	T8604	compound	Sertoli,fate
R4861	T8604	T8605	compound	fate,determination
R4862	T8605	T8602	pobj	determination,with
R4863	T8606	T8579	punct	.,appealing
R4864	T8608	T8609	det	A,study
R4865	T8609	T8611	nsubj	study,showed
R4866	T8610	T8609	amod	recent,study
R4867	T8612	T8609	prep	by,study
R4868	T8613	T8612	pobj	Yoshioka,by
R4869	T8614	T8615	advmod	et,al.
R4870	T8615	T8613	advmod	al.,Yoshioka
R4871	T8616	T8617	punct	[,47
R4872	T8617	T8609	parataxis	47,study
R4873	T8618	T8617	punct	],47
R4874	T8619	T8620	mark	that,led
R4875	T8620	T8611	ccomp	led,showed
R4876	T8621	T8620	nsubj	misexpression,led
R4877	T8622	T8621	prep	of,misexpression
R4878	T8623	T8622	pobj	Fgf9,of
R4879	T8624	T8621	prep	in,misexpression
R4880	T8625	T8626	nmod	chick,mesenchyme
R4881	T8626	T8624	pobj	mesenchyme,in
R4882	T8627	T8626	amod	nephrogenous,mesenchyme
R4883	T8628	T8620	prep	to,led
R4884	T8629	T8630	det	the,expansion
R4885	T8630	T8628	pobj	expansion,to
R4886	T8631	T8630	prep	of,expansion
R4887	T8632	T8633	amod	gonadal,marker
R4888	T8633	T8634	compound	marker,expression
R4889	T8634	T8631	pobj	expression,of
R4890	T8635	T8634	compound	gene,expression
R4891	T8636	T8620	punct	", ",led
R4892	T8637	T8620	advcl	implicating,led
R4893	T8638	T8637	dobj	Fgf9,implicating
R4894	T8639	T8637	prep	in,implicating
R4895	T8640	T8641	amod	gonadal,cell
R4896	T8641	T8642	compound	cell,proliferation
R4897	T8642	T8639	pobj	proliferation,in
R4898	T8643	T8642	prep	across,proliferation
R4899	T8644	T8643	pobj	species,across
R4900	T8645	T8611	punct	.,showed
R4901	T8647	T8648	nsubjpass	It,suggested
R4902	T8649	T8648	aux	has,suggested
R4903	T8650	T8648	auxpass	been,suggested
R4904	T8651	T8652	mark	that,represses
R4905	T8652	T8648	ccomp	represses,suggested
R4906	T8653	T8652	nsubj	SOX9,represses
R4907	T8654	T8652	dobj	WNT4,represses
R4908	T8655	T8652	prep	based,represses
R4909	T8656	T8655	prep	on,based
R4910	T8657	T8658	compound	misexpression,studies
R4911	T8658	T8656	pobj	studies,on
R4912	T8659	T8660	punct	[,48
R4913	T8660	T8648	parataxis	48,suggested
R4914	T8661	T8660	punct	],48
R4915	T8662	T8648	punct	.,suggested
R4916	T8664	T8665	advmod	Here,show
R4917	T8666	T8665	nsubj	we,show
R4918	T8667	T8668	mark	that,repressed
R4919	T8668	T8665	ccomp	repressed,show
R4920	T8669	T8670	det	the,addition
R4921	T8670	T8668	nsubj	addition,repressed
R4922	T8671	T8670	prep	of,addition
R4923	T8672	T8673	compound	FGF9,protein
R4924	T8673	T8671	pobj	protein,of
R4925	T8674	T8670	prep	to,addition
R4926	T8675	T8676	compound	XX,cultures
R4927	T8676	T8674	pobj	cultures,to
R4928	T8677	T8676	compound	gonad,cultures
R4929	T8678	T8676	compound	explant,cultures
R4930	T8679	T8680	det	the,expression
R4931	T8680	T8668	dobj	expression,repressed
R4932	T8681	T8680	prep	of,expression
R4933	T8682	T8681	pobj	Wnt4,of
R4934	T8683	T8665	punct	.,show
R4935	T8685	T8686	amod	Down,regulation
R4936	T8686	T8688	nsubj	regulation,is
R4937	T8687	T8686	punct	-,regulation
R4938	T8689	T8686	prep	of,regulation
R4939	T8690	T8689	pobj	Wnt4,of
R4940	T8691	T8688	acomp	unlikely,is
R4941	T8692	T8693	aux	to,occur
R4942	T8693	T8691	xcomp	occur,unlikely
R4943	T8694	T8693	prep	through,occur
R4944	T8695	T8694	pobj	SOX9,through
R4945	T8696	T8688	punct	", ",is
R4946	T8697	T8698	mark	as,regulated
R4947	T8698	T8688	advcl	regulated,is
R4948	T8699	T8698	nsubjpass	SOX9,regulated
R4949	T8700	T8698	auxpass	is,regulated
R4950	T8701	T8698	neg	not,regulated
R4951	T8702	T8698	advmod	up,regulated
R4952	T8703	T8698	punct	-,regulated
R4953	T8704	T8698	prep	in,regulated
R4954	T8705	T8706	det	this,situation
R4955	T8706	T8704	pobj	situation,in
R4956	T8707	T8708	punct	[,7
R4957	T8708	T8688	parataxis	7,is
R4958	T8709	T8708	punct	],7
R4959	T8710	T8688	punct	.,is
R4960	T8712	T8713	advmod	Furthermore,regulated
R4961	T8714	T8713	punct	", ",regulated
R4962	T8715	T8716	mark	although,expressed
R4963	T8716	T8713	advcl	expressed,regulated
R4964	T8717	T8718	preconj	both,SRY
R4965	T8718	T8716	nsubjpass	SRY,expressed
R4966	T8719	T8718	cc	and,SRY
R4967	T8720	T8718	conj	SOX9,SRY
R4968	T8721	T8716	auxpass	are,expressed
R4969	T8722	T8716	advmod	initially,expressed
R4970	T8723	T8716	prep	in,expressed
R4971	T8724	T8725	nmod	Fgf9,−
R4972	T8725	T8728	punct	−,gonads
R4973	T8726	T8725	punct	−,−
R4974	T8727	T8725	punct	/,−
R4975	T8728	T8723	pobj	gonads,in
R4976	T8729	T8728	compound	XY,gonads
R4977	T8730	T8713	punct	", ",regulated
R4978	T8731	T8713	nsubjpass	Wnt4,regulated
R4979	T8732	T8713	auxpass	is,regulated
R4980	T8733	T8713	neg	not,regulated
R4981	T8734	T8713	advmod	down,regulated
R4982	T8735	T8713	punct	-,regulated
R4983	T8736	T8713	prep	in,regulated
R4984	T8737	T8738	det	the,absence
R4985	T8738	T8736	pobj	absence,in
R4986	T8739	T8738	prep	of,absence
R4987	T8740	T8739	pobj	Fgf9,of
R4988	T8741	T8742	punct	(,4K
R4989	T8742	T8713	parataxis	4K,regulated
R4990	T8743	T8742	compound	Figure,4K
R4991	T8744	T8742	punct	),4K
R4992	T8745	T8713	punct	.,regulated
R4993	T8747	T8748	det	These,findings
R4994	T8748	T8749	nsubj	findings,support
R4995	T8750	T8751	det	the,idea
R4996	T8751	T8749	dobj	idea,support
R4997	T8752	T8753	mark	that,acts
R4998	T8753	T8751	acl	acts,idea
R4999	T8754	T8753	nsubj	FGF9,acts
R5000	T8755	T8753	prep	as,acts
R5001	T8756	T8757	det	the,antagonist
R5002	T8757	T8755	pobj	antagonist,as
R5003	T8758	T8757	prep	of,antagonist
R5004	T8759	T8758	pobj	Wnt4,of
R5005	T8760	T8749	punct	.,support
R5006	T8762	T8763	nsubj	Antagonism,be
R5007	T8764	T8762	prep	of,Antagonism
R5008	T8765	T8766	compound	WNT,signals
R5009	T8766	T8764	pobj	signals,of
R5010	T8767	T8763	aux	may,be
R5011	T8768	T8769	det	a,process
R5012	T8769	T8763	attr	process,be
R5013	T8770	T8769	amod	multistep,process
R5014	T8771	T8769	acl	involving,process
R5015	T8772	T8773	preconj	both,regulation
R5016	T8773	T8771	dobj	regulation,involving
R5017	T8774	T8773	det	the,regulation
R5018	T8775	T8773	amod	transcriptional,regulation
R5019	T8776	T8773	amod	down,regulation
R5020	T8777	T8773	punct	-,regulation
R5021	T8778	T8773	prep	of,regulation
R5022	T8779	T8778	pobj	Wnt4,of
R5023	T8780	T8773	acl	observed,regulation
R5024	T8781	T8780	prep	in,observed
R5025	T8782	T8783	det	this,study
R5026	T8783	T8781	pobj	study,in
R5027	T8784	T8773	cc	and,regulation
R5028	T8785	T8786	det	the,destabilization
R5029	T8786	T8773	conj	destabilization,regulation
R5030	T8787	T8786	prep	of,destabilization
R5031	T8788	T8789	amod	downstream,pathways
R5032	T8789	T8787	pobj	pathways,of
R5033	T8790	T8789	nmod	Wnt,pathways
R5034	T8791	T8789	amod	intracellular,pathways
R5035	T8792	T8793	dep	that,antagonize
R5036	T8793	T8789	advcl	antagonize,pathways
R5037	T8794	T8795	compound	SOX9,expression
R5038	T8795	T8793	dobj	expression,antagonize
R5039	T8796	T8793	punct	", ",antagonize
R5040	T8797	T8798	mark	as,shown
R5041	T8798	T8793	advcl	shown,antagonize
R5042	T8799	T8798	prep	in,shown
R5043	T8800	T8801	compound	chondrocyte,differentiation
R5044	T8801	T8799	pobj	differentiation,in
R5045	T8802	T8803	punct	[,49
R5046	T8803	T8793	parataxis	49,antagonize
R5047	T8804	T8803	punct	],49
R5048	T8805	T8793	punct	", ",antagonize
R5049	T8806	T8793	cc	or,antagonize
R5050	T8807	T8808	dep	that,compete
R5051	T8808	T8793	conj	compete,antagonize
R5052	T8809	T8808	prep	for,compete
R5053	T8810	T8811	amod	intracellular,transducers
R5054	T8811	T8809	pobj	transducers,for
R5055	T8812	T8811	compound	signal,transducers
R5056	T8813	T8814	mark	as,reported
R5057	T8814	T8808	advcl	reported,compete
R5058	T8815	T8814	aux	has,reported
R5059	T8816	T8814	auxpass	been,reported
R5060	T8817	T8814	prep	in,reported
R5061	T8818	T8819	amod	other,systems
R5062	T8819	T8817	pobj	systems,in
R5063	T8820	T8821	punct	[,51
R5064	T8821	T8763	parataxis	51,be
R5065	T8822	T8821	nummod	50,51
R5066	T8823	T8821	punct	",",51
R5067	T8824	T8821	punct	],51
R5068	T8825	T8763	punct	.,be
R5069	T8827	T8828	amod	Future,work
R5070	T8828	T8829	nsubj	work,address
R5071	T8830	T8829	aux	will,address
R5072	T8831	T8832	det	these,possibilities
R5073	T8832	T8829	dobj	possibilities,address
R5074	T8833	T8829	punct	.,address
R5075	T8835	T8836	prep	In,found
R5076	T8837	T8835	pobj	support,In
R5077	T8838	T8837	prep	of,support
R5078	T8839	T8840	det	the,idea
R5079	T8840	T8838	pobj	idea,of
R5080	T8841	T8842	mark	that,antagonizes
R5081	T8842	T8840	acl	antagonizes,idea
R5082	T8843	T8842	nsubj	Wnt4,antagonizes
R5083	T8844	T8845	det	the,pathway
R5084	T8845	T8842	dobj	pathway,antagonizes
R5085	T8846	T8845	amod	male,pathway
R5086	T8847	T8836	punct	", ",found
R5087	T8848	T8836	nsubj	we,found
R5088	T8849	T8850	mark	that,caused
R5089	T8850	T8836	ccomp	caused,found
R5090	T8851	T8852	det	the,loss
R5091	T8852	T8850	nsubj	loss,caused
R5092	T8853	T8852	prep	of,loss
R5093	T8854	T8853	pobj	Wnt4,of
R5094	T8855	T8856	det	the,regulation
R5095	T8856	T8850	dobj	regulation,caused
R5096	T8857	T8856	amod	up,regulation
R5097	T8858	T8856	punct	-,regulation
R5098	T8859	T8856	prep	of,regulation
R5099	T8860	T8861	preconj	both,SOX9
R5100	T8861	T8859	pobj	SOX9,of
R5101	T8862	T8861	cc	and,SOX9
R5102	T8863	T8861	conj	FGF9,SOX9
R5103	T8864	T8850	prep	in,caused
R5104	T8865	T8866	compound	XX,gonads
R5105	T8866	T8864	pobj	gonads,in
R5106	T8867	T8868	advmod	where,is
R5107	T8868	T8866	relcl	is,gonads
R5108	T8869	T8868	nsubj	Sry,is
R5109	T8870	T8868	acomp	absent,is
R5110	T8871	T8836	punct	.,found
R5111	T8873	T8874	nsubj	It,appears
R5112	T8875	T8876	mark	that,initiated
R5113	T8876	T8874	ccomp	initiated,appears
R5114	T8877	T8878	det	the,pathway
R5115	T8878	T8876	nsubjpass	pathway,initiated
R5116	T8879	T8878	amod	male,pathway
R5117	T8880	T8876	aux	can,initiated
R5118	T8881	T8876	auxpass	be,initiated
R5119	T8882	T8876	prep	by,initiated
R5120	T8883	T8882	pcomp	disrupting,by
R5121	T8884	T8885	det	the,balance
R5122	T8885	T8883	dobj	balance,disrupting
R5123	T8886	T8885	prep	between,balance
R5124	T8887	T8886	pobj	Wnt4,between
R5125	T8888	T8887	cc	and,Wnt4
R5126	T8889	T8887	conj	Fgf9,Wnt4
R5127	T8890	T8876	punct	", ",initiated
R5128	T8891	T8892	det	a,finding
R5129	T8892	T8876	npadvmod	finding,initiated
R5130	T8893	T8894	dep	that,has
R5131	T8894	T8892	relcl	has,finding
R5132	T8895	T8896	amod	strong,implications
R5133	T8896	T8894	dobj	implications,has
R5134	T8897	T8896	prep	for,implications
R5135	T8898	T8899	amod	other,systems
R5136	T8899	T8897	pobj	systems,for
R5137	T8900	T8899	compound	vertebrate,systems
R5138	T8901	T8902	compound	sex,determination
R5139	T8902	T8899	compound	determination,systems
R5140	T8903	T8902	punct	-,determination
R5141	T8904	T8905	prep	in,is
R5142	T8905	T8899	relcl	is,systems
R5143	T8906	T8904	pobj	which,in
R5144	T8907	T8905	nsubj	Sry,is
R5145	T8908	T8905	neg	not,is
R5146	T8909	T8910	det	the,factor
R5147	T8910	T8905	attr	factor,is
R5148	T8911	T8912	npadvmod	sex,determining
R5149	T8912	T8910	amod	determining,factor
R5150	T8913	T8874	punct	.,appears
R5151	T8915	T8916	advmod	However,is
R5152	T8917	T8916	punct	", ",is
R5153	T8918	T8919	amod	up,regulation
R5154	T8919	T8916	nsubj	regulation,is
R5155	T8920	T8919	punct	-,regulation
R5156	T8921	T8919	prep	of,regulation
R5157	T8922	T8921	pobj	Sox9,of
R5158	T8923	T8916	neg	not,is
R5159	T8924	T8916	acomp	sufficient,is
R5160	T8925	T8926	aux	to,establish
R5161	T8926	T8924	xcomp	establish,sufficient
R5162	T8927	T8928	compound	testis,development
R5163	T8928	T8926	dobj	development,establish
R5164	T8929	T8926	prep	in,establish
R5165	T8930	T8931	det	this,mutant
R5166	T8931	T8929	pobj	mutant,in
R5167	T8932	T8926	punct	", ",establish
R5168	T8933	T8934	mark	as,occurs
R5169	T8934	T8926	advcl	occurs,establish
R5170	T8935	T8934	prep	in,occurs
R5171	T8936	T8937	nmod	Odsex,mutants
R5172	T8937	T8935	pobj	mutants,in
R5173	T8938	T8936	cc	and,Odsex
R5174	T8939	T8940	amod	other,gain
R5175	T8940	T8936	conj	gain,Odsex
R5176	T8941	T8940	punct	-,gain
R5177	T8942	T8940	prep	of,gain
R5178	T8943	T8942	punct	-,of
R5179	T8944	T8942	pobj	function,of
R5180	T8945	T8946	advmod	where,misexpressed
R5181	T8946	T8937	relcl	misexpressed,mutants
R5182	T8947	T8946	nsubjpass	Sox9,misexpressed
R5183	T8948	T8946	auxpass	is,misexpressed
R5184	T8949	T8946	prep	in,misexpressed
R5185	T8950	T8951	det	the,gonad
R5186	T8951	T8949	pobj	gonad,in
R5187	T8952	T8951	compound	XX,gonad
R5188	T8953	T8954	punct	[,25
R5189	T8954	T8924	parataxis	25,sufficient
R5190	T8955	T8954	nummod	24,25
R5191	T8956	T8954	punct	",",25
R5192	T8957	T8954	punct	],25
R5193	T8958	T8916	punct	.,is
R5194	T8960	T8961	prep	In,sustained
R5195	T8962	T8963	det	those,cases
R5196	T8963	T8960	pobj	cases,In
R5197	T8964	T8963	nummod	two,cases
R5198	T8965	T8963	compound	misexpression,cases
R5199	T8966	T8961	punct	", ",sustained
R5200	T8967	T8968	compound	Sox9,expression
R5201	T8968	T8961	nsubjpass	expression,sustained
R5202	T8969	T8961	aux	may,sustained
R5203	T8970	T8961	aux	have,sustained
R5204	T8971	T8961	auxpass	been,sustained
R5205	T8972	T8961	advmod	artificially,sustained
R5206	T8973	T8961	prep	by,sustained
R5207	T8974	T8975	amod	exogenous,sequences
R5208	T8975	T8973	pobj	sequences,by
R5209	T8976	T8975	amod	regulatory,sequences
R5210	T8977	T8978	dep	that,bypass
R5211	T8978	T8975	relcl	bypass,sequences
R5212	T8979	T8980	det	the,balance
R5213	T8980	T8978	dobj	balance,bypass
R5214	T8981	T8980	amod	fine,balance
R5215	T8982	T8980	compound	dosage,balance
R5216	T8983	T8978	prep	in,bypass
R5217	T8984	T8985	det	this,network
R5218	T8985	T8983	pobj	network,in
R5219	T8986	T8985	compound	signaling,network
R5220	T8987	T8961	punct	.,sustained
R5221	T8989	T8990	prep	In,maintained
R5222	T8991	T8992	compound	Wnt4,mutants
R5223	T8992	T8989	pobj	mutants,In
R5224	T8993	T8990	punct	", ",maintained
R5225	T8994	T8995	compound	SOX9,expression
R5226	T8995	T8990	nsubjpass	expression,maintained
R5227	T8996	T8990	auxpass	is,maintained
R5228	T8997	T8990	neg	not,maintained
R5229	T8998	T8990	punct	.,maintained
R5230	T9000	T9001	prep	In,is
R5231	T9002	T9000	pobj	light,In
R5232	T9003	T9002	prep	of,light
R5233	T9004	T9005	det	the,observation
R5234	T9005	T9003	pobj	observation,of
R5235	T9006	T9007	mark	that,increase
R5236	T9007	T9005	acl	increase,observation
R5237	T9008	T9009	det	the,gonad
R5238	T9009	T9007	nsubj	gonad,increase
R5239	T9010	T9011	nmod	Wnt4,−
R5240	T9011	T9009	punct	−,gonad
R5241	T9012	T9011	punct	−,−
R5242	T9013	T9011	punct	/,−
R5243	T9014	T9009	compound	XX,gonad
R5244	T9015	T9007	aux	does,increase
R5245	T9016	T9007	neg	not,increase
R5246	T9017	T9007	advmod	significantly,increase
R5247	T9018	T9007	prep	in,increase
R5248	T9019	T9018	pobj	size,in
R5249	T9020	T9021	punct	(,Figure
R5250	T9021	T9005	parataxis	Figure,observation
R5251	T9022	T9021	nummod	6,Figure
R5252	T9023	T9021	punct	),Figure
R5253	T9024	T9001	punct	", ",is
R5254	T9025	T9001	nsubj	it,is
R5255	T9026	T9001	acomp	possible,is
R5256	T9027	T9028	mark	that,reach
R5257	T9028	T9001	ccomp	reach,is
R5258	T9029	T9030	det	the,population
R5259	T9030	T9028	nsubj	population,reach
R5260	T9031	T9032	compound	FGF9,SOX9
R5261	T9032	T9034	npadvmod	SOX9,expressing
R5262	T9033	T9032	punct	/,SOX9
R5263	T9034	T9030	amod	expressing,population
R5264	T9035	T9034	punct	-,expressing
R5265	T9036	T9028	aux	did,reach
R5266	T9037	T9028	neg	not,reach
R5267	T9038	T9039	det	a,threshold
R5268	T9039	T9028	dobj	threshold,reach
R5269	T9040	T9039	amod	critical,threshold
R5270	T9041	T9001	punct	.,is
R5271	T9043	T9044	advmod	Alternatively,in
R5272	T9044	T9047	prep	in,required
R5273	T9045	T9044	punct	(,in
R5274	T9046	T9044	cc	or,in
R5275	T9048	T9044	pobj	addition,in
R5276	T9049	T9044	punct	),in
R5277	T9050	T9047	punct	", ",required
R5278	T9051	T9052	det	another,factor
R5279	T9052	T9047	nsubjpass	factor,required
R5280	T9053	T9054	amod	male,specific
R5281	T9054	T9052	amod	specific,factor
R5282	T9055	T9054	punct	-,specific
R5283	T9056	T9057	advmod	normally,dependent
R5284	T9057	T9052	amod	dependent,factor
R5285	T9058	T9057	prep	on,dependent
R5286	T9059	T9058	pobj	Sry,on
R5287	T9060	T9047	aux	may,required
R5288	T9061	T9047	auxpass	be,required
R5289	T9062	T9063	aux	to,sustain
R5290	T9063	T9047	advcl	sustain,required
R5291	T9064	T9065	compound	SOX9,expression
R5292	T9065	T9063	dobj	expression,sustain
R5293	T9066	T9047	punct	", ",required
R5294	T9067	T9068	advmod	possibly,proteins
R5295	T9068	T9047	dobj	proteins,required
R5296	T9069	T9070	npadvmod	FGF,binding
R5297	T9070	T9068	amod	binding,proteins
R5298	T9071	T9070	punct	-,binding
R5299	T9072	T9068	prep	in,proteins
R5300	T9073	T9074	det	the,matrix
R5301	T9074	T9072	pobj	matrix,in
R5302	T9075	T9074	amod	extracellular,matrix
R5303	T9076	T9074	cc	or,matrix
R5304	T9077	T9078	compound	FGF,receptors
R5305	T9078	T9074	conj	receptors,matrix
R5306	T9079	T9047	punct	.,required
R5307	T9081	T9082	nsubj	It,is
R5308	T9083	T9084	advmod	equally,plausible
R5309	T9084	T9082	acomp	plausible,is
R5310	T9085	T9086	mark	that,are
R5311	T9086	T9082	ccomp	are,is
R5312	T9087	T9086	expl	there,are
R5313	T9088	T9089	amod	other,factors
R5314	T9089	T9086	attr	factors,are
R5315	T9090	T9091	amod	female,specific
R5316	T9091	T9089	amod	specific,factors
R5317	T9092	T9091	punct	-,specific
R5318	T9093	T9094	dep	that,antagonize
R5319	T9094	T9089	relcl	antagonize,factors
R5320	T9095	T9096	det	the,establishment
R5321	T9096	T9094	dobj	establishment,antagonize
R5322	T9097	T9096	prep	of,establishment
R5323	T9098	T9099	compound	SOX9,expression
R5324	T9099	T9097	pobj	expression,of
R5325	T9100	T9082	punct	.,is
R5326	T9102	T9103	nsubjpass	It,observed
R5327	T9104	T9103	aux	has,observed
R5328	T9105	T9103	auxpass	been,observed
R5329	T9106	T9107	mark	that,expressed
R5330	T9107	T9103	ccomp	expressed,observed
R5331	T9108	T9109	amod	several,WNTs
R5332	T9109	T9107	nsubjpass	WNTs,expressed
R5333	T9110	T9109	amod	other,WNTs
R5334	T9111	T9107	auxpass	are,expressed
R5335	T9112	T9107	prep	in,expressed
R5336	T9113	T9114	det	the,gonad
R5337	T9114	T9112	pobj	gonad,in
R5338	T9180	T9164	prep	to,led
R5339	T9115	T9114	compound	XX,gonad
R5340	T9181	T9182	det	an,phenotype
R5341	T9116	T9117	punct	[,52
R5342	T9182	T9180	pobj	phenotype,to
R5343	T9183	T9182	compound	intersex,phenotype
R5344	T9117	T9107	parataxis	52,expressed
R5345	T9184	T9185	punct	[,53
R5346	T9185	T9164	parataxis	53,led
R5347	T9186	T9185	punct	],53
R5348	T9118	T9117	punct	],52
R5349	T9187	T9164	punct	.,led
R5350	T9119	T9107	punct	", ",expressed
R5351	T9189	T9190	advmod	However,constitutes
R5352	T9191	T9190	punct	", ",constitutes
R5353	T9120	T9107	cc	and,expressed
R5354	T9192	T9193	det	the,report
R5355	T9193	T9190	nsubj	report,constitutes
R5356	T9194	T9195	advmod	only,evidence
R5357	T9121	T9122	nsubj	these,compensate
R5358	T9195	T9190	dobj	evidence,constitutes
R5359	T9196	T9195	amod	circumstantial,evidence
R5360	T9122	T9107	conj	compensate,expressed
R5361	T9197	T9190	punct	.,constitutes
R5362	T9199	T9200	predet	Such,role
R5363	T9123	T9121	cc	or,these
R5364	T9200	T9202	nsubjpass	role,supported
R5365	T9201	T9200	det	a,role
R5366	T9124	T9125	amod	other,factors
R5367	T9203	T9202	auxpass	is,supported
R5368	T9204	T9202	neg	not,supported
R5369	T9125	T9121	conj	factors,these
R5370	T9205	T9202	prep	by,supported
R5371	T9206	T9205	pobj	efforts,by
R5372	T9207	T9208	aux	to,misexpress
R5373	T9208	T9206	acl	misexpress,efforts
R5374	T9209	T9208	dobj	Wnt4,misexpress
R5375	T9210	T9208	prep	in,misexpress
R5376	T9126	T9122	aux	may,compensate
R5377	T9211	T9212	compound	XY,gonads
R5378	T9212	T9210	pobj	gonads,in
R5379	T9127	T9122	advmod	partially,compensate
R5380	T9213	T9206	punct	", ",efforts
R5381	T9128	T9122	prep	for,compensate
R5382	T9214	T9215	dep	which,led
R5383	T9215	T9206	relcl	led,efforts
R5384	T9216	T9215	aux	have,led
R5385	T9217	T9215	prep	to,led
R5386	T9218	T9219	advmod	very,mild
R5387	T9219	T9220	amod	mild,phenotypes
R5388	T9129	T9130	det	the,loss
R5389	T9220	T9217	pobj	phenotypes,to
R5390	T9221	T9220	prep	with,phenotypes
R5391	T9130	T9128	pobj	loss,for
R5392	T9222	T9223	det	no,evidence
R5393	T9223	T9221	pobj	evidence,with
R5394	T9224	T9223	prep	for,evidence
R5395	T9131	T9130	prep	of,loss
R5396	T9225	T9224	pobj	defects,for
R5397	T9226	T9225	prep	in,defects
R5398	T9227	T9228	compound	Sertoli,cell
R5399	T9132	T9131	pobj	Wnt4,of
R5400	T9228	T9229	compound	cell,differentiation
R5401	T9229	T9226	pobj	differentiation,in
R5402	T9133	T9103	punct	.,observed
R5403	T9230	T9231	punct	[,54
R5404	T9231	T9202	parataxis	54,supported
R5405	T9135	T9136	det	These,findings
R5406	T9232	T9231	punct	],54
R5407	T9233	T9202	punct	.,supported
R5408	T9235	T9236	nsubj	It,is
R5409	T9136	T9137	nsubj	findings,suggest
R5410	T9237	T9236	acomp	possible,is
R5411	T9138	T9139	mark	that,acts
R5413	T9239	T9236	ccomp	function,is
R5414	T9240	T9241	compound	WNT4,protein
R5415	T9241	T9239	nsubj	protein,function
R5416	T9139	T9137	ccomp	acts,suggest
R5417	T9242	T9239	aux	did,function
R5418	T9243	T9239	neg	not,function
R5419	T9244	T9239	prep	as,function
R5420	T9140	T9141	compound	WNT4,signaling
R5421	T9245	T9246	det	an,signal
R5422	T9246	T9244	pobj	signal,as
R5423	T9247	T9246	amod	active,signal
R5424	T9248	T9239	prep	in,function
R5425	T9249	T9250	det	these,mice
R5426	T9250	T9248	pobj	mice,in
R5427	T9141	T9139	nsubj	signaling,acts
R5428	T9251	T9250	amod	transgenic,mice
R5429	T9252	T9239	punct	", ",function
R5430	T9253	T9254	preconj	either,expressed
R5431	T9142	T9139	advmod	normally,acts
R5433	T9255	T9254	mark	because,expressed
R5434	T9256	T9254	nsubjpass	it,expressed
R5435	T9143	T9139	prep	as,acts
R5436	T9257	T9254	auxpass	was,expressed
R5437	T9258	T9254	neg	not,expressed
R5438	T9259	T9254	prep	in,expressed
R5439	T9260	T9261	det	the,cells
R5440	T9144	T9145	det	a,repressor
R5441	T9261	T9259	pobj	cells,in
R5442	T9262	T9261	amod	right,cells
R5443	T9145	T9143	pobj	repressor,as
R5444	T9263	T9254	punct	", ",expressed
R5445	T9264	T9254	prep	at,expressed
R5446	T9265	T9266	det	the,time
R5447	T9266	T9264	pobj	time,at
R5448	T9146	T9145	prep	of,repressor
R5449	T9267	T9266	amod	right,time
R5450	T9268	T9264	punct	", ",at
R5451	T9269	T9264	cc	or,at
R5452	T9147	T9148	det	the,pathway
R5453	T9270	T9264	conj	at,at
R5454	T9271	T9272	det	the,level
R5455	T9148	T9146	pobj	pathway,of
R5456	T9272	T9270	pobj	level,at
R5457	T9273	T9272	amod	right,level
R5458	T9274	T9236	punct	.,is
R5459	T9149	T9148	amod	male,pathway
R5460	T9276	T9277	advcl	Consistent,required
R5461	T9150	T9139	prep	by,acts
R5462	T9278	T9276	prep	with,Consistent
R5463	T9279	T9280	poss	our,data
R5464	T9280	T9278	pobj	data,with
R5465	T9151	T9150	pcomp	interfering,by
R5466	T9281	T9280	cc	and,data
R5467	T9282	T9283	det	the,phenotype
R5468	T9283	T9280	conj	phenotype,data
R5469	T9152	T9151	prep	with,interfering
R5470	T9284	T9285	advmod	partially,reversed
R5471	T9285	T9283	amod	reversed,phenotype
R5472	T9153	T9154	det	the,regulation
R5473	T9154	T9152	pobj	regulation,with
R5474	T9155	T9154	amod	up,regulation
R5475	T9286	T9285	npadvmod	sex,reversed
R5476	T9287	T9285	punct	-,reversed
R5477	T9288	T9283	prep	of,phenotype
R5478	T9156	T9154	punct	-,regulation
R5479	T9289	T9290	nmod	Wnt4,mutants
R5480	T9290	T9288	pobj	mutants,of
R5481	T9291	T9289	punct	−,Wnt4
R5482	T9157	T9154	prep	of,regulation
R5483	T9292	T9289	punct	/,Wnt4
R5484	T9293	T9289	punct	−,Wnt4
R5485	T9158	T9159	compound	SOX9,expression
R5486	T9294	T9290	compound	XX,mutants
R5487	T9295	T9277	punct	", ",required
R5488	T9296	T9297	amod	other,WNTs
R5489	T9159	T9157	pobj	expression,of
R5490	T9297	T9277	nsubjpass	WNTs,required
R5491	T9298	T9297	cc	or,WNTs
R5492	T9299	T9300	amod	additional,factors
R5493	T9160	T9137	punct	.,suggest
R5494	T9300	T9297	conj	factors,WNTs
R5495	T9301	T9300	amod	female,factors
R5496	T9302	T9277	aux	may,required
R5497	T9162	T9163	nummod	One,report
R5498	T9303	T9277	auxpass	be,required
R5499	T9304	T9277	punct	.,required
R5500	T9306	T9307	det	The,switch
R5501	T9163	T9164	nsubj	report,led
R5502	T9307	T9308	nsubj	switch,is
R5503	T9165	T9163	prep	of,report
R5504	T9309	T9310	dep	that,controls
R5505	T9310	T9307	relcl	controls,switch
R5506	T9311	T9312	compound	sex,determination
R5507	T9312	T9310	dobj	determination,controls
R5508	T9313	T9314	advmod	biologically,diverse
R5509	T9314	T9308	acomp	diverse,is
R5510	T9166	T9167	det	a,duplication
R5511	T9315	T9308	punct	.,is
R5512	T9317	T9318	nsubj	Sry,is
R5513	T9167	T9165	pobj	duplication,of
R5514	T9168	T9167	prep	of,duplication
R5515	T9318	T9319	ccomp	is,be
R5516	T9169	T9170	det	the,region
R5517	T9320	T9318	neg	not,is
R5518	T9321	T9318	acomp	present,is
R5519	T9170	T9168	pobj	region,of
R5520	T9322	T9318	prep	in,is
R5521	T9323	T9324	amod	nonmammalian,systems
R5522	T9324	T9322	pobj	systems,in
R5523	T9171	T9170	prep	of,region
R5524	T9325	T9319	punct	;,be
R5525	T9326	T9319	advmod	however,be
R5526	T9327	T9319	punct	", ",be
R5527	T9328	T9329	amod	antagonistic,signaling
R5528	T9329	T9319	nsubj	signaling,be
R5529	T9172	T9173	amod	human,Chromosome
R5530	T9330	T9329	prep	between,signaling
R5531	T9331	T9330	pobj	FGFs,between
R5532	T9332	T9331	cc	and,FGFs
R5533	T9333	T9331	conj	WNTs,FGFs
R5534	T9173	T9171	pobj	Chromosome,of
R5535	T9334	T9319	aux	may,be
R5536	T9335	T9336	det	the,mechanism
R5537	T9336	T9319	attr	mechanism,be
R5538	T9174	T9173	nummod	1,Chromosome
R5539	T9337	T9336	amod	conserved,mechanism
R5540	T9338	T9339	dep	that,balances
R5541	T9175	T9170	punct	", ",region
R5542	T9339	T9336	relcl	balances,mechanism
R5543	T9340	T9341	det	the,gonad
R5544	T9341	T9339	dobj	gonad,balances
R5545	T9176	T9177	dep	which,includes
R5546	T9342	T9339	prep	between,balances
R5547	T9343	T9344	amod	testicular,fates
R5548	T9344	T9342	pobj	fates,between
R5549	T9177	T9170	relcl	includes,region
R5550	T9345	T9343	cc	and,testicular
R5551	T9346	T9343	conj	ovarian,testicular
R5552	T9347	T9339	prep	in,balances
R5553	T9178	T9177	dobj	WNT4,includes
R5554	T9348	T9347	pobj	vertebrates,in
R5555	T9349	T9319	punct	.,be
R5556	T9179	T9164	punct	", ",led
R5557	T9351	T9352	prep	In,tip
R5558	T9353	T9351	pobj	theory,In
R5559	T9392	T9390	punct	", ",pathways
R5560	T9354	T9352	punct	", ",tip
R5561	T9355	T9356	det	any,switch
R5562	T9356	T9352	nsubj	switch,tip
R5563	T9393	T9390	appos	Fgf9,pathways
R5564	T9357	T9356	amod	genetic,switch
R5565	T9358	T9357	cc	or,genetic
R5566	T9359	T9357	conj	environmental,genetic
R5567	T9394	T9393	punct	", ",Fgf9
R5568	T9360	T9352	aux	may,tip
R5569	T9361	T9362	det	the,balance
R5570	T9362	T9352	dobj	balance,tip
R5571	T9395	T9393	acl	expressed,Fgf9
R5572	T9363	T9352	prep	toward,tip
R5573	T9364	T9365	det	the,pathway
R5574	T9365	T9363	pobj	pathway,toward
R5575	T9366	T9365	amod	male,pathway
R5576	T9396	T9395	prep	near,expressed
R5577	T9367	T9352	punct	.,tip
R5578	T9369	T9370	prep	Based,propose
R5579	T9371	T9369	prep	on,Based
R5580	T9372	T9373	poss	our,findings
R5581	T9397	T9398	det	the,surface
R5582	T9373	T9371	pobj	findings,on
R5583	T9374	T9370	nsubj	we,propose
R5584	T9375	T9376	mark	that,balanced
R5585	T9376	T9370	ccomp	balanced,propose
R5586	T9398	T9396	pobj	surface,near
R5587	T9377	T9376	nsubjpass	cells,balanced
R5588	T9378	T9377	prep	in,cells
R5589	T9399	T9398	amod	coelomic,surface
R5590	T9379	T9380	det	the,gonad
R5591	T9380	T9378	pobj	gonad,in
R5592	T9381	T9380	amod	mammalian,gonad
R5593	T9400	T9393	punct	", ",Fgf9
R5594	T9382	T9376	auxpass	are,balanced
R5595	T9383	T9376	prep	between,balanced
R5596	T9384	T9385	nummod	two,fates
R5597	T9401	T9393	cc	and,Fgf9
R5598	T9385	T9383	pobj	fates,between
R5599	T9386	T9385	amod	competing,fates
R5600	T9387	T9385	compound	cell,fates
R5601	T9388	T9376	prep	by,balanced
R5602	T9402	T9393	conj	Wnt4,Fgf9
R5603	T9389	T9390	amod	counterbalanced,pathways
R5604	T9390	T9388	pobj	pathways,by
R5605	T9391	T9390	compound	signaling,pathways
R5606	T9403	T9402	punct	", ",Wnt4
R5607	T9404	T9402	acl	expressed,Wnt4
R5608	T9405	T9404	prep	near,expressed
R5610	T9406	T9407	det	the,border
R5612	T9407	T9405	pobj	border,near
R5615	T9408	T9407	amod	mesonephric,border
R5620	T9409	T9410	punct	(,Figure
R5622	T9508	T9506	conj	Fgf9,Sox9
R5623	T9410	T9376	parataxis	Figure,balanced
R5624	T9509	T9499	punct	", ",results
R5625	T9510	T9499	advcl	tilting,results
R5626	T9511	T9512	det	the,balance
R5627	T9512	T9510	dobj	balance,tilting
R5628	T9411	T9410	nummod	7,Figure
R5629	T9513	T9510	prep	toward,tilting
R5630	T9514	T9513	pobj	commitment,toward
R5631	T9515	T9514	prep	to,commitment
R5632	T9516	T9517	det	the,pathway
R5633	T9517	T9515	pobj	pathway,to
R5634	T9518	T9517	amod	female,pathway
R5635	T9412	T9410	punct	),Figure
R5636	T9519	T9499	punct	.,results
R5637	T9521	T9522	amod	Further,experiments
R5638	T9413	T9370	punct	.,propose
R5639	T9522	T9523	nsubjpass	experiments,required
R5640	T9524	T9523	aux	will,required
R5641	T9415	T9416	prep	In,initiates
R5642	T9525	T9523	auxpass	be,required
R5643	T9526	T9527	aux	to,define
R5644	T9527	T9523	advcl	define,required
R5645	T9417	T9418	amod	mammalian,gonads
R5646	T9528	T9529	det	the,mechanism
R5647	T9418	T9415	pobj	gonads,In
R5648	T9529	T9527	dobj	mechanism,define
R5649	T9530	T9529	amod	molecular,mechanism
R5650	T9419	T9418	compound	XY,gonads
R5651	T9531	T9529	prep	of,mechanism
R5652	T9532	T9533	nmod	FGF9,action
R5653	T9533	T9531	pobj	action,of
R5654	T9420	T9416	punct	", ",initiates
R5655	T9534	T9532	cc	and,FGF9
R5656	T9535	T9532	conj	WNT4,FGF9
R5657	T9536	T9523	punct	.,required
R5658	T9421	T9422	det	the,onset
R5659	T9538	T9539	advmod	However,support
R5660	T9422	T9416	nsubj	onset,initiates
R5661	T9540	T9539	punct	", ",support
R5662	T9541	T9542	poss	our,data
R5663	T9542	T9539	nsubj	data,support
R5664	T9423	T9422	prep	of,onset
R5665	T9543	T9544	advmod	in,vivo
R5666	T9544	T9542	amod	vivo,data
R5667	T9545	T9544	cc	and,vivo
R5668	T9424	T9425	compound	Sry,expression
R5669	T9546	T9547	advmod	in,vitro
R5670	T9547	T9544	conj	vitro,vivo
R5671	T9548	T9539	advmod	strongly,support
R5672	T9425	T9423	pobj	expression,of
R5673	T9549	T9550	det	the,relationship
R5674	T9550	T9539	dobj	relationship,support
R5675	T9426	T9427	det	the,pathway
R5676	T9551	T9550	amod	antagonistic,relationship
R5677	T9552	T9550	prep	of,relationship
R5678	T9553	T9554	det	these,pathways
R5679	T9427	T9416	dobj	pathway,initiates
R5680	T9554	T9552	pobj	pathways,of
R5681	T9555	T9554	nummod	two,pathways
R5682	T9556	T9554	compound	signaling,pathways
R5683	T9428	T9427	amod	male,pathway
R5684	T9557	T9539	prep	in,support
R5685	T9558	T9557	pcomp	regulating,in
R5686	T9559	T9558	dobj	expression,regulating
R5687	T9560	T9559	prep	of,expression
R5688	T9561	T9562	det	the,SOX9
R5689	T9562	T9560	pobj	SOX9,of
R5690	T9429	T9416	prep	by,initiates
R5691	T9563	T9564	npadvmod	testis,determining
R5692	T9564	T9566	amod	determining,factor
R5693	T9565	T9564	punct	-,determining
R5694	T9430	T9431	advmod	up,regulating
R5695	T9566	T9562	compound	factor,SOX9
R5696	T9567	T9539	punct	.,support
R5697	T9431	T9429	pcomp	regulating,by
R5698	T9432	T9431	punct	-,regulating
R5699	T9433	T9431	dobj	Sox9,regulating
R5700	T9434	T9416	punct	.,initiates
R5701	T9436	T9437	nsubj	SOX9,regulates
R5702	T9438	T9437	advmod	up,regulates
R5703	T9439	T9437	punct	-,regulates
R5704	T9440	T9437	dobj	Fgf9,regulates
R5705	T9441	T9440	punct	", ",Fgf9
R5706	T9442	T9443	dep	which,initiates
R5707	T9443	T9440	relcl	initiates,Fgf9
R5708	T9444	T9445	det	a,loop
R5709	T9445	T9443	dobj	loop,initiates
R5710	T9446	T9447	nmod	Sox9,Fgf9
R5711	T9447	T9445	nmod	Fgf9,loop
R5712	T9448	T9447	punct	/,Fgf9
R5713	T9449	T9445	nmod	feed,loop
R5714	T9450	T9449	punct	-,feed
R5715	T9451	T9449	advmod	forward,feed
R5716	T9452	T9453	dep	that,accelerates
R5717	T9453	T9445	relcl	accelerates,loop
R5718	T9454	T9453	dobj	commitment,accelerates
R5719	T9455	T9454	prep	to,commitment
R5720	T9456	T9457	det	the,pathway
R5721	T9457	T9455	pobj	pathway,to
R5722	T9458	T9457	amod	male,pathway
R5723	T9459	T9437	punct	.,regulates
R5724	T9461	T9462	prep	In,established
R5725	T9463	T9464	compound	XX,gonads
R5726	T9464	T9461	pobj	gonads,In
R5727	T9465	T9464	cc	or,gonads
R5728	T9466	T9467	compound	XY,gonads
R5729	T9467	T9464	conj	gonads,gonads
R5730	T9468	T9467	compound	mutant,gonads
R5731	T9469	T9467	acl	lacking,gonads
R5732	T9470	T9469	dobj	Sry,lacking
R5733	T9471	T9470	punct	", ",Sry
R5734	T9472	T9470	conj	Sox9,Sry
R5735	T9473	T9472	punct	", ",Sox9
R5736	T9474	T9472	cc	or,Sox9
R5737	T9475	T9472	conj	Fgf9,Sox9
R5738	T9476	T9462	punct	", ",established
R5739	T9477	T9478	det	the,loop
R5740	T9478	T9462	nsubjpass	loop,established
R5741	T9479	T9480	nmod	SOX9,FGF9
R5742	T9480	T9478	nmod	FGF9,loop
R5743	T9481	T9480	punct	/,FGF9
R5744	T9482	T9478	nmod	feed,loop
R5745	T9483	T9482	punct	-,feed
R5746	T9484	T9482	advmod	forward,feed
R5747	T9485	T9462	auxpass	is,established
R5748	T9486	T9462	neg	not,established
R5749	T9487	T9462	punct	", ",established
R5750	T9488	T9462	cc	and,established
R5751	T9489	T9490	nsubj	WNT4,gains
R5752	T9490	T9462	conj	gains,established
R5753	T9491	T9490	dobj	control,gains
R5754	T9492	T9491	prep	of,control
R5755	T9493	T9494	det	the,field
R5756	T9494	T9492	pobj	field,of
R5757	T9495	T9494	amod	gonadal,field
R5758	T9496	T9462	punct	.,established
R5759	T9626	T9625	cc	and,Animals
R5760	T9627	T9625	conj	genotyping,Animals
R5761	T9628	T9627	punct	.,genotyping
R5762	T9630	T9631	det	The,mutation
R5763	T9631	T9633	nsubjpass	mutation,maintained
R5764	T9632	T9631	compound	Fgf9,mutation
R5765	T9634	T9633	auxpass	was,maintained
R5766	T9635	T9633	prep	on,maintained
R5767	T9636	T9637	det	a,background
R5768	T9637	T9635	pobj	background,on
R5769	T9638	T9637	nmod	C57BL,background
R5770	T9639	T9638	punct	/,C57BL
R5771	T9640	T9638	nummod	6,C57BL
R5772	T9641	T9638	punct	(,C57BL
R5773	T9642	T9638	appos	B6,C57BL
R5774	T9643	T9638	punct	),C57BL
R5775	T9644	T9645	dep	that,leads
R5776	T9645	T9637	relcl	leads,background
R5777	T9646	T9645	prep	to,leads
R5778	T9647	T9648	compound	sex,reversal
R5779	T9648	T9646	pobj	reversal,to
R5780	T9649	T9645	prep	in,leads
R5781	T9650	T9651	nummod	100,%
R5782	T9651	T9649	pobj	%,in
R5783	T9652	T9651	prep	of,%
R5784	T9653	T9654	nmod	XY,offspring
R5785	T9654	T9652	pobj	offspring,of
R5786	T9655	T9654	nmod	Fgf9,offspring
R5787	T9656	T9655	punct	−,Fgf9
R5788	T9657	T9655	punct	/,Fgf9
R5789	T9658	T9655	punct	−,Fgf9
R5790	T9659	T9633	punct	.,maintained
R5791	T9661	T9662	compound	Sry,EGFP
R5792	T9662	T9664	compound	EGFP,mice
R5793	T9663	T9662	punct	-,EGFP
R5794	T9664	T9665	nsubj	mice,were
R5795	T9666	T9664	punct	", ",mice
R5796	T9667	T9668	det	a,gift
R5797	T9668	T9664	appos	gift,mice
R5798	T9669	T9668	compound	kind,gift
R5799	T9670	T9668	prep	from,gift
R5800	T9671	T9672	compound	K.,Albrecht
R5801	T9672	T9670	pobj	Albrecht,from
R5802	T9673	T9672	cc	and,Albrecht
R5803	T9674	T9675	compound	E.,Eicher
R5804	T9675	T9672	conj	Eicher,Albrecht
R5805	T9676	T9665	punct	", ",were
R5806	T9677	T9665	advmod	initially,were
R5807	T9678	T9665	prep	on,were
R5808	T9679	T9680	det	a,B6
R5809	T9680	T9678	pobj	B6,on
R5810	T9681	T9680	amod	mixed,B6
R5811	T9682	T9680	punct	/,B6
R5812	T9683	T9680	nummod	129,B6
R5813	T9684	T9665	cc	and,were
R5814	T9685	T9686	auxpass	were,backcrossed
R5815	T9686	T9665	conj	backcrossed,were
R5816	T9687	T9686	prep	to,backcrossed
R5817	T9688	T9687	pobj	B6,to
R5818	T9689	T9686	prep	for,backcrossed
R5819	T9690	T9691	nummod	five,generations
R5820	T9691	T9689	pobj	generations,for
R5821	T9692	T9665	punct	.,were
R5822	T9694	T9695	nsubjpass	Offspring,crossed
R5823	T9696	T9695	auxpass	were,crossed
R5824	T9697	T9695	advmod	then,crossed
R5825	T9698	T9695	prep	to,crossed
R5826	T9699	T9698	pobj	Fgf9,to
R5827	T9700	T9699	punct	+,Fgf9
R5828	T9701	T9699	punct	/,Fgf9
R5829	T9702	T9699	punct	−,Fgf9
R5830	T9703	T9695	cc	and,crossed
R5831	T9704	T9695	conj	intercrossed,crossed
R5832	T9705	T9704	cc	and,intercrossed
R5833	T9706	T9704	conj	backcrossed,intercrossed
R5834	T9707	T9706	prep	to,backcrossed
R5835	T9708	T9707	pobj	B6,to
R5836	T9709	T9704	prep	in,intercrossed
R5837	T9710	T9711	amod	alternating,generations
R5838	T9711	T9709	pobj	generations,in
R5839	T9712	T9695	punct	.,crossed
R5840	T9714	T9715	det	All,offspring
R5841	T9715	T9721	nsubj	offspring,showed
R5842	T9716	T9715	nmod	XY,offspring
R5843	T9717	T9715	nmod	Fgf9,offspring
R5844	T9718	T9717	punct	−,Fgf9
R5845	T9719	T9717	punct	/,Fgf9
R5846	T9720	T9717	punct	−,Fgf9
R5847	T9722	T9723	amod	complete,reversal
R5848	T9723	T9721	dobj	reversal,showed
R5849	T9724	T9723	compound	sex,reversal
R5850	T9725	T9721	punct	.,showed
R5851	T9727	T9728	compound	Sry Myc,mice
R5852	T9728	T9729	nsubjpass	mice,maintained
R5853	T9730	T9729	auxpass	were,maintained
R5854	T9731	T9729	prep	on,maintained
R5855	T9732	T9733	det	a,background
R5856	T9733	T9731	pobj	background,on
R5857	T9734	T9733	compound	CBA,background
R5858	T9735	T9729	punct	", ",maintained
R5859	T9736	T9729	cc	and,maintained
R5860	T9737	T9729	conj	Wnt4,maintained
R5861	T9738	T9737	prep	on,Wnt4
R5862	T9739	T9740	det	a,background
R5863	T9740	T9738	pobj	background,on
R5864	T9741	T9740	amod	mixed,background
R5865	T9742	T9743	nummod	129,SVJ
R5866	T9743	T9740	compound	SVJ,background
R5867	T9744	T9743	punct	/,SVJ
R5868	T9745	T9737	punct	.,Wnt4
R5869	T9747	T9748	compound	Mutant,embryos
R5870	T9748	T9749	nsubjpass	embryos,sexed
R5871	T9750	T9749	auxpass	were,sexed
R5872	T9751	T9749	prep	by,sexed
R5873	T9752	T9751	pobj	PCR,by
R5874	T9753	T9749	advcl	using,sexed
R5875	T9754	T9755	compound	Y,chromosome
R5876	T9755	T9756	npadvmod	chromosome,specific
R5877	T9756	T9758	amod	specific,primers
R5878	T9757	T9756	punct	-,specific
R5879	T9758	T9753	dobj	primers,using
R5880	T9759	T9749	cc	and,sexed
R5881	T9760	T9761	auxpass	were,genotyped
R5882	T9761	T9749	conj	genotyped,sexed
R5883	T9762	T9763	mark	as,described
R5884	T9763	T9761	advcl	described,genotyped
R5885	T9764	T9765	punct	[,55
R5886	T9765	T9761	parataxis	55,genotyped
R5887	T9766	T9765	nummod	2,55
R5888	T9767	T9765	punct	",",55
R5889	T9768	T9765	nummod	16,55
R5890	T9769	T9765	punct	",",55
R5891	T9770	T9765	nummod	26,55
R5892	T9771	T9765	punct	",",55
R5893	T9772	T9765	punct	],55
R5894	T9773	T9749	punct	.,sexed
R5895	T9775	T9776	nsubjpass	Mice,generated
R5896	T9777	T9775	amod	homozygous,Mice
R5897	T9778	T9777	prep	for,homozygous
R5898	T9779	T9780	det	the,deletion
R5899	T9780	T9778	pobj	deletion,for
R5900	T9781	T9780	compound	Sox9,deletion
R5901	T9782	T9776	auxpass	were,generated
R5902	T9783	T9776	advcl	using,generated
R5903	T9784	T9785	det	a,system
R5904	T9785	T9783	dobj	system,using
R5905	T9786	T9787	npadvmod	germline,specific
R5906	T9787	T9785	amod	specific,system
R5907	T9788	T9787	punct	-,specific
R5908	T9789	T9790	compound	gene,deletion
R5909	T9790	T9785	compound	deletion,system
R5910	T9791	T9792	mark	as,described
R5911	T9792	T9776	advcl	described,generated
R5912	T9793	T9794	punct	[,20
R5913	T9794	T9776	parataxis	20,generated
R5914	T9795	T9794	punct	],20
R5915	T9796	T9776	punct	.,generated
R5916	T9946	T9947	advmod	In,situ
R5917	T9947	T9948	amod	situ,hybridization
R5918	T9949	T9948	cc	and,hybridization
R5919	T9950	T9948	conj	immunocytochemistry,hybridization
R5920	T9951	T9950	punct	.,immunocytochemistry
R5921	T9953	T9954	advmod	In,situ
R5922	T9954	T9955	amod	situ,hybridization
R5923	T9955	T9956	nsubjpass	hybridization,performed
R5924	T9957	T9956	auxpass	was,performed
R5925	T9958	T9956	prep	on,performed
R5926	T9959	T9960	npadvmod	paraformaldehyde,fixed
R5927	T9960	T9962	amod	fixed,embedded
R5928	T9961	T9960	punct	-,fixed
R5929	T9962	T9965	amod	embedded,cryosections
R5930	T9963	T9962	punct	/,embedded
R5931	T9964	T9962	npadvmod	OCT,embedded
R5932	T9965	T9958	pobj	cryosections,on
R5933	T9966	T9956	punct	", ",performed
R5934	T9967	T9968	mark	as,described
R5935	T9968	T9956	advcl	described,performed
R5936	T9969	T9970	punct	[,56
R5937	T9970	T9956	parataxis	56,performed
R5938	T9971	T9970	punct	],56
R5939	T9972	T9956	punct	.,performed
R5940	T9974	T9975	amod	Whole,mount
R5941	T9975	T9977	nmod	mount,hybridization
R5942	T9976	T9975	punct	-,mount
R5943	T9977	T9980	nsubjpass	hybridization,performed
R5944	T9978	T9979	advmod	in,situ
R5945	T9979	T9977	amod	situ,hybridization
R5946	T9981	T9980	auxpass	was,performed
R5947	T9982	T9983	mark	as,described
R5948	T9983	T9980	advcl	described,performed
R5949	T9984	T9983	advmod	previously,described
R5950	T9985	T9986	punct	[,57
R5951	T9986	T9980	parataxis	57,performed
R5952	T9987	T9986	punct	],57
R5953	T9988	T9980	punct	.,performed
R5954	T9990	T9991	nsubj	Probes,were
R5955	T9992	T9990	acl	used,Probes
R5956	T9993	T9992	prep	for,used
R5957	T9994	T9995	advmod	in,situ
R5958	T9995	T9996	amod	situ,hybridization
R5959	T9996	T9993	pobj	hybridization,for
R5960	T9997	T9991	punct	: ,were
R5961	T9998	T9991	attr	Amh,were
R5962	T9999	T10000	punct	[,58
R5963	T10000	T9998	parataxis	58,Amh
R5964	T10001	T10000	punct	],58
R5965	T10002	T9998	punct	", ",Amh
R5966	T10003	T9998	conj	Dhh,Amh
R5967	T10004	T10005	punct	[,20
R5968	T10005	T10003	parataxis	20,Dhh
R5969	T10006	T10005	punct	],20
R5970	T10007	T10003	punct	", ",Dhh
R5971	T10008	T10003	conj	Wnt4,Dhh
R5972	T10009	T10010	punct	[,8
R5973	T10010	T10008	parataxis	8,Wnt4
R5974	T10011	T10010	punct	],8
R5975	T10012	T10008	punct	", ",Wnt4
R5976	T10013	T10008	cc	and,Wnt4
R5977	T10014	T10008	conj	Fgf9,Wnt4
R5978	T10015	T10016	punct	[,59
R5979	T10016	T10014	parataxis	59,Fgf9
R5980	T10017	T10016	punct	],59
R5981	T10018	T9991	punct	.,were
R5982	T10020	T10021	npadvmod	Digoxigenin,labeled
R5983	T10021	T10023	amod	labeled,probes
R5984	T10022	T10021	punct	-,labeled
R5985	T10023	T10024	nsubjpass	probes,prepared
R5986	T10025	T10024	auxpass	were,prepared
R5987	T10026	T10024	prep	according,prepared
R5988	T10027	T10026	prep	to,according
R5989	T10028	T10029	det	the,protocol
R5990	T10029	T10027	pobj	protocol,to
R5991	T10030	T10031	compound	Boehringer,Roche
R5992	T10031	T10029	compound	Roche,protocol
R5993	T10032	T10031	punct	-,Roche
R5994	T10033	T10031	compound	Mannheim,Roche
R5995	T10034	T10031	punct	-,Roche
R5996	T10035	T10024	punct	.,prepared
R5997	T10037	T10038	nsubj	Antibodies,were
R5998	T10039	T10037	acl	used,Antibodies
R5999	T10040	T10039	prep	in,used
R6000	T10041	T10042	amod	whole,mount
R6001	T10042	T10044	compound	mount,immunocytochemistry
R6002	T10043	T10042	punct	-,mount
R6003	T10044	T10040	pobj	immunocytochemistry,in
R6004	T10045	T10038	punct	: ,were
R6005	T10046	T10047	nmod	mouse,MYC
R6006	T10047	T10038	attr	MYC,were
R6007	T10048	T10047	amod	monoclonal,MYC
R6008	T10049	T10047	amod	anti-N,MYC
R6009	T10050	T10047	punct	-,MYC
R6010	T10051	T10052	punct	(,1
R6011	T10052	T10047	parataxis	1,MYC
R6012	T10053	T10054	compound	Cell,Signaling
R6013	T10054	T10055	compound	Signaling,Technology
R6014	T10055	T10052	dep	Technology,1
R6015	T10056	T10055	punct	", ",Technology
R6016	T10057	T10055	npadvmod	Beverly,Technology
R6017	T10058	T10055	punct	", ",Technology
R6018	T10059	T10055	npadvmod	Massachusetts,Technology
R6019	T10060	T10055	punct	", ",Technology
R6020	T10061	T10062	compound	United,States
R6021	T10062	T10055	npadvmod	States,Technology
R6022	T10063	T10052	punct	;,1
R6023	T10064	T10065	punct	:,100
R6024	T10065	T10052	prep	100,1
R6025	T10066	T10052	punct	),1
R6026	T10067	T10047	punct	", ",MYC
R6027	T10068	T10047	conj	rabbit,MYC
R6028	T10069	T10068	amod	anti-SOX9,rabbit
R6029	T10070	T10071	punct	(,1
R6030	T10071	T10068	parataxis	1,rabbit
R6031	T10072	T10071	dep	gift,1
R6032	T10073	T10072	prep	of,gift
R6033	T10074	T10075	compound	F.,Poulat
R6034	T10075	T10073	pobj	Poulat,of
R6035	T10076	T10071	punct	;,1
R6036	T10077	T10078	punct	:,"1,000"
R6037	T10078	T10071	prep	"1,000",1
R6038	T10079	T10071	punct	),1
R6039	T10080	T10068	punct	", ",rabbit
R6040	T10081	T10068	conj	rat,rabbit
R6041	T10082	T10081	amod	anti-PECAM,rat
R6042	T10083	T10084	punct	(,1
R6043	T10084	T10081	parataxis	1,rat
R6044	T10085	T10084	dep	Pharmingen,1
R6045	T10086	T10085	punct	", ",Pharmingen
R6046	T10087	T10088	compound	San,Diego
R6047	T10088	T10085	npadvmod	Diego,Pharmingen
R6048	T10089	T10085	punct	", ",Pharmingen
R6049	T10090	T10085	npadvmod	California,Pharmingen
R6050	T10091	T10085	punct	", ",Pharmingen
R6051	T10092	T10093	compound	United,States
R6052	T10093	T10085	npadvmod	States,Pharmingen
R6053	T10094	T10084	punct	;,1
R6054	T10095	T10096	punct	:,500
R6055	T10096	T10084	prep	500,1
R6056	T10097	T10084	punct	),1
R6057	T10098	T10081	punct	", ",rat
R6058	T10099	T10100	nmod	rabbit,fragment
R6059	T10100	T10081	conj	fragment,rat
R6060	T10101	T10102	amod	anti-caspase,3
R6061	T10102	T10100	nummod	3,fragment
R6062	T10103	T10102	punct	-,3
R6063	T10104	T10105	punct	(,1
R6064	T10105	T10100	parataxis	1,fragment
R6065	T10106	T10107	compound	BD,Bioscience
R6066	T10107	T10105	dep	Bioscience,1
R6067	T10108	T10107	punct	", ",Bioscience
R6068	T10109	T10110	compound	San,Diego
R6069	T10110	T10107	npadvmod	Diego,Bioscience
R6070	T10111	T10107	punct	", ",Bioscience
R6071	T10112	T10107	npadvmod	California,Bioscience
R6072	T10113	T10107	punct	", ",Bioscience
R6073	T10114	T10115	compound	United,States
R6074	T10115	T10107	npadvmod	States,Bioscience
R6075	T10116	T10105	punct	;,1
R6076	T10117	T10118	punct	:,100
R6077	T10118	T10105	prep	100,1
R6078	T10119	T10105	punct	),1
R6079	T10120	T10100	punct	", ",fragment
R6080	T10121	T10100	cc	and,fragment
R6081	T10122	T10123	nmod	rabbit,H3
R6082	T10123	T10100	conj	H3,fragment
R6083	T10124	T10123	amod	anti-phosphorylated,H3
R6084	T10125	T10123	compound	histone,H3
R6085	T10126	T10127	punct	(,1
R6086	T10127	T10123	parataxis	1,H3
R6087	T10128	T10129	compound	Cell,Signaling
R6088	T10129	T10127	dep	Signaling,1
R6089	T10130	T10127	punct	;,1
R6090	T10131	T10132	punct	:,250
R6091	T10132	T10127	prep	250,1
R6092	T10133	T10127	punct	),1
R6093	T10134	T10038	punct	.,were
R6094	T10136	T10137	compound	Antibody,binding
R6095	T10137	T10138	nsubjpass	binding,detected
R6096	T10139	T10138	auxpass	was,detected
R6097	T10140	T10138	advcl	using,detected
R6098	T10141	T10142	npadvmod	fluorophore,conjugated
R6099	T10142	T10144	amod	conjugated,antibodies
R6100	T10143	T10142	punct	-,conjugated
R6101	T10144	T10140	dobj	antibodies,using
R6102	T10145	T10144	amod	secondary,antibodies
R6103	T10146	T10147	punct	(,ImmunoResearch
R6104	T10147	T10144	parataxis	ImmunoResearch,antibodies
R6105	T10148	T10147	compound	Jackson,ImmunoResearch
R6106	T10149	T10147	punct	", ",ImmunoResearch
R6107	T10150	T10151	compound	West,Grove
R6108	T10151	T10147	npadvmod	Grove,ImmunoResearch
R6109	T10152	T10147	punct	", ",ImmunoResearch
R6110	T10153	T10147	npadvmod	Pennsylvania,ImmunoResearch
R6111	T10154	T10147	punct	", ",ImmunoResearch
R6112	T10155	T10156	compound	United,States
R6113	T10156	T10147	npadvmod	States,ImmunoResearch
R6114	T10157	T10147	punct	),ImmunoResearch
R6115	T10158	T10159	mark	as,recommended
R6116	T10159	T10138	advcl	recommended,detected
R6117	T10160	T10138	punct	.,detected
R6118	T10162	T10163	prep	For,prepared
R6119	T10164	T10165	compound	FGF9,immunostaining
R6120	T10165	T10162	pobj	immunostaining,For
R6121	T10166	T10163	punct	", ",prepared
R6122	T10167	T10163	nsubjpass	gonads,prepared
R6123	T10168	T10163	auxpass	were,prepared
R6124	T10169	T10163	prep	as,prepared
R6125	T10170	T10171	amod	frozen,sections
R6126	T10171	T10169	pobj	sections,as
R6127	T10172	T10163	punct	", ",prepared
R6128	T10173	T10163	cc	and,prepared
R6129	T10174	T10175	nmod	rabbit,FGF9
R6130	T10175	T10177	nsubjpass	FGF9,used
R6131	T10176	T10175	amod	anti-mouse,FGF9
R6132	T10177	T10163	conj	used,prepared
R6133	T10178	T10179	punct	(,1
R6134	T10179	T10175	parataxis	1,FGF9
R6135	T10180	T10181	compound	Cell,Science
R6136	T10181	T10179	dep	Science,1
R6137	T10182	T10179	punct	;,1
R6138	T10183	T10184	punct	:,50
R6139	T10184	T10179	prep	50,1
R6140	T10185	T10179	punct	),1
R6141	T10186	T10175	cc	and,FGF9
R6142	T10187	T10188	amod	anti-rabbit,IgG
R6143	T10188	T10175	conj	IgG,FGF9
R6144	T10189	T10188	acl	conjugated,IgG
R6145	T10190	T10189	prep	with,conjugated
R6146	T10191	T10192	nmod	peroxidase,antibody
R6147	T10192	T10190	pobj	antibody,with
R6148	T10193	T10192	amod	secondary,antibody
R6149	T10194	T10177	auxpass	were,used
R6150	T10195	T10177	punct	", ",used
R6151	T10196	T10177	advcl	followed,used
R6152	T10197	T10196	prep	by,followed
R6153	T10198	T10197	pobj	amplification,by
R6154	T10199	T10198	prep	with,amplification
R6155	T10200	T10201	compound	tyramide,Cy3
R6156	T10201	T10203	compound	Cy3,fluorophore
R6157	T10202	T10201	punct	-,Cy3
R6158	T10203	T10199	pobj	fluorophore,with
R6159	T10204	T10205	punct	(,Probes
R6160	T10205	T10203	parataxis	Probes,fluorophore
R6161	T10206	T10205	compound	Molecular,Probes
R6162	T10207	T10205	punct	", ",Probes
R6163	T10208	T10205	npadvmod	Eugene,Probes
R6164	T10209	T10205	punct	", ",Probes
R6165	T10210	T10205	npadvmod	Oregon,Probes
R6166	T10211	T10205	punct	", ",Probes
R6167	T10212	T10213	compound	United,States
R6168	T10213	T10205	npadvmod	States,Probes
R6169	T10214	T10205	punct	),Probes
R6170	T10215	T10163	punct	.,prepared
R6171	T10217	T10218	det	This,antibody
R6172	T10218	T10219	nsubj	antibody,detect
R6173	T10220	T10219	aux	did,detect
R6174	T10221	T10219	neg	not,detect
R6175	T10222	T10219	dobj	FGF9,detect
R6176	T10223	T10219	prep	in,detect
R6177	T10224	T10225	nummod	12.5,dpc
R6178	T10225	T10226	compound	dpc,ovary
R6179	T10226	T10223	pobj	ovary,in
R6180	T10227	T10226	cc	or,ovary
R6181	T10228	T10229	npadvmod	Fgf9,null
R6182	T10229	T10233	amod	null,gonads
R6183	T10230	T10228	punct	−,Fgf9
R6184	T10231	T10228	punct	/,Fgf9
R6185	T10232	T10228	punct	−,Fgf9
R6186	T10233	T10226	conj	gonads,ovary
R6187	T10234	T10233	compound	mutant,gonads
R6188	T10235	T10219	punct	.,detect
R6189	T10237	T10238	amod	Immunostained,samples
R6190	T10238	T10239	nsubjpass	samples,mounted
R6191	T10240	T10239	auxpass	were,mounted
R6192	T10241	T10239	prep	in,mounted
R6193	T10242	T10241	pobj	DABCO,in
R6194	T10243	T10239	cc	and,mounted
R6195	T10244	T10239	conj	imaged,mounted
R6196	T10245	T10244	prep	on,imaged
R6197	T10246	T10247	det	a,microscope
R6198	T10247	T10245	pobj	microscope,on
R6199	T10248	T10249	nmod	Zeiss,LSM420
R6200	T10249	T10247	nmod	LSM420,microscope
R6201	T10250	T10247	amod	confocal,microscope
R6202	T10251	T10239	punct	.,mounted
R6205	T10320	T10321	amod	Primary,culture
R6206	T10322	T10321	amod	gonadal,culture
R6207	T10323	T10321	compound	cell,culture
R6208	T10324	T10321	punct	.,culture
R6209	T10326	T10327	nummod	11.5,dpc
R6210	T10327	T10328	compound	dpc,embryos
R6211	T10328	T10329	nsubjpass	embryos,collected
R6212	T10330	T10329	auxpass	were,collected
R6213	T10331	T10329	prep	from,collected
R6214	T10332	T10333	compound	CD1,mice
R6215	T10333	T10331	pobj	mice,from
R6216	T10334	T10329	punct	", ",collected
R6217	T10335	T10329	cc	and,collected
R6218	T10336	T10337	nsubjpass	sex,determined
R6219	T10337	T10329	conj	determined,collected
R6220	T10338	T10337	auxpass	was,determined
R6221	T10339	T10337	prep	by,determined
R6222	T10340	T10339	pcomp	staining,by
R6223	T10341	T10340	dobj	amnions,staining
R6224	T10342	T10343	mark	as,described
R6225	T10343	T10337	advcl	described,determined
R6226	T10344	T10345	punct	[,15
R6227	T10345	T10337	parataxis	15,determined
R6228	T10346	T10345	punct	],15
R6229	T10347	T10337	punct	.,determined
R6230	T10349	T10350	amod	Whole,ridges
R6231	T10350	T10352	nsubjpass	ridges,dissected
R6232	T10351	T10350	amod	genital,ridges
R6233	T10353	T10352	auxpass	were,dissected
R6234	T10354	T10352	cc	and,dissected
R6235	T10355	T10356	nsubjpass	gonads,separated
R6236	T10356	T10352	conj	separated,dissected
R6237	T10357	T10356	auxpass	were,separated
R6238	T10358	T10356	prep	from,separated
R6239	T10359	T10358	pobj	mesonephroi,from
R6240	T10360	T10356	punct	.,separated
R6241	T10362	T10363	det	The,gonads
R6242	T10363	T10364	nsubjpass	gonads,treated
R6243	T10365	T10364	auxpass	were,treated
R6244	T10366	T10364	prep	with,treated
R6245	T10367	T10366	pobj	collagenase,with
R6246	T10368	T10369	punct	(,%
R6247	T10369	T10367	parataxis	%,collagenase
R6248	T10370	T10369	nummod	0.025,%
R6249	T10371	T10369	punct	),%
R6250	T10372	T10367	cc	and,collagenase
R6251	T10373	T10367	conj	trypsin,collagenase
R6252	T10374	T10375	punct	(,%
R6253	T10375	T10373	parataxis	%,trypsin
R6254	T10376	T10375	nummod	0.025,%
R6255	T10377	T10375	punct	),%
R6256	T10378	T10364	prep	in,treated
R6257	T10379	T10380	compound	HAT,buffer
R6258	T10380	T10378	pobj	buffer,in
R6259	T10381	T10364	prep	at,treated
R6260	T10382	T10383	nummod	37,°C
R6261	T10383	T10381	pobj	°C,at
R6262	T10384	T10364	prep	for,treated
R6263	T10385	T10386	nummod	10,min
R6264	T10386	T10384	pobj	min,for
R6265	T10387	T10364	punct	.,treated
R6266	T10389	T10390	prep	After,dissociated
R6267	T10391	T10392	det	the,digestion
R6268	T10392	T10389	pobj	digestion,After
R6269	T10393	T10390	punct	", ",dissociated
R6270	T10394	T10390	nsubjpass	cells,dissociated
R6271	T10395	T10390	auxpass	were,dissociated
R6272	T10396	T10390	advmod	mechanically,dissociated
R6273	T10397	T10390	prep	by,dissociated
R6274	T10398	T10397	pobj	pipetting,by
R6275	T10399	T10390	punct	", ",dissociated
R6276	T10400	T10390	dep	washed,dissociated
R6277	T10401	T10400	prep	in,washed
R6278	T10402	T10401	pobj	DMEM,in
R6279	T10403	T10390	punct	", ",dissociated
R6280	T10404	T10390	dep	plated,dissociated
R6281	T10405	T10404	prep	on,plated
R6282	T10406	T10407	nummod	10,mm
R6283	T10407	T10409	compound	mm,diameter
R6284	T10408	T10407	punct	-,mm
R6285	T10409	T10410	compound	diameter,coverslips
R6286	T10410	T10405	pobj	coverslips,on
R6287	T10411	T10410	acl	coated,coverslips
R6288	T10412	T10411	prep	with,coated
R6289	T10413	T10414	amod	extracellular,matrix
R6290	T10414	T10412	pobj	matrix,with
R6291	T10415	T10416	punct	(,Sigma
R6292	T10416	T10414	parataxis	Sigma,matrix
R6293	T10417	T10416	punct	),Sigma
R6294	T10418	T10390	punct	", ",dissociated
R6295	T10419	T10390	cc	and,dissociated
R6296	T10420	T10421	auxpass	were,cultured
R6297	T10421	T10390	conj	cultured,dissociated
R6298	T10422	T10421	prep	in,cultured
R6299	T10423	T10422	pobj	DMEM,in
R6300	T10424	T10423	acl	containing,DMEM
R6301	T10425	T10426	nummod	5,%
R6302	T10426	T10427	nmod	%,serum
R6303	T10427	T10424	dobj	serum,containing
R6304	T10428	T10429	amod	fetal,bovine
R6305	T10429	T10427	nmod	bovine,serum
R6306	T10430	T10424	cc	and,containing
R6307	T10431	T10432	nummod	1,antimycotics
R6308	T10432	T10424	conj	antimycotics,containing
R6309	T10433	T10431	punct	×,1
R6310	T10434	T10432	compound	antibiotics,antimycotics
R6311	T10435	T10432	punct	/,antimycotics
R6312	T10436	T10421	prep	at,cultured
R6313	T10437	T10438	nummod	37,°C
R6314	T10438	T10436	pobj	°C,at
R6315	T10439	T10438	punct	", ",°C
R6316	T10440	T10441	nummod	5,%
R6317	T10441	T10442	compound	%,CO 2
R6318	T10442	T10438	appos	CO 2,°C
R6319	T10443	T10390	punct	.,dissociated
R6320	T10445	T10446	prep	In,added
R6321	T10447	T10445	pobj	one,In
R6322	T10448	T10447	prep	of,one
R6323	T10449	T10450	amod	duplicate,cultures
R6324	T10450	T10448	pobj	cultures,of
R6325	T10451	T10446	punct	", ",added
R6326	T10452	T10446	nsubjpass	FGF9,added
R6327	T10453	T10454	punct	(,Systems
R6328	T10454	T10452	parataxis	Systems,FGF9
R6329	T10455	T10454	nmod	R,Systems
R6330	T10456	T10455	cc	&,R
R6331	T10457	T10455	conj	D,R
R6332	T10458	T10454	punct	", ",Systems
R6333	T10459	T10454	npadvmod	Minneapolis,Systems
R6334	T10460	T10454	punct	", ",Systems
R6335	T10461	T10454	npadvmod	Minnesota,Systems
R6336	T10462	T10454	punct	", ",Systems
R6337	T10463	T10464	compound	United,States
R6338	T10464	T10454	npadvmod	States,Systems
R6339	T10465	T10454	punct	),Systems
R6340	T10466	T10446	auxpass	was,added
R6341	T10467	T10446	prep	to,added
R6342	T10468	T10469	det	the,concentration
R6343	T10469	T10467	pobj	concentration,to
R6344	T10470	T10469	amod	final,concentration
R6345	T10471	T10469	prep	of,concentration
R6346	T10472	T10473	nummod	50,ng
R6347	T10473	T10471	pobj	ng,of
R6348	T10474	T10475	punct	/,ml
R6349	T10475	T10473	prep	ml,ng
R6350	T10476	T10446	prep	in,added
R6351	T10477	T10478	det	the,medium
R6352	T10478	T10476	pobj	medium,in
R6353	T10479	T10478	compound	culture,medium
R6354	T10480	T10446	punct	.,added
R6355	T10482	T10483	prep	After,fixed
R6356	T10484	T10485	nummod	36,h
R6357	T10485	T10482	pobj	h,After
R6358	T10486	T10485	prep	of,h
R6359	T10487	T10486	pobj	culture,of
R6360	T10488	T10483	punct	", ",fixed
R6361	T10489	T10483	nsubjpass	cells,fixed
R6362	T10490	T10483	auxpass	were,fixed
R6363	T10491	T10483	cc	and,fixed
R6364	T10492	T10483	conj	immunostained,fixed
R6365	T10493	T10492	prep	for,immunostained
R6366	T10494	T10493	pobj	SOX9,for
R6367	T10495	T10483	punct	.,fixed
R6368	T10497	T10498	nsubjpass	Syto13,used
R6369	T10499	T10500	punct	(,Probes
R6370	T10500	T10497	parataxis	Probes,Syto13
R6371	T10501	T10500	compound	Molecular,Probes
R6372	T10502	T10500	punct	),Probes
R6373	T10503	T10498	auxpass	was,used
R6374	T10504	T10498	prep	for,used
R6375	T10505	T10506	amod	nuclear,counterstaining
R6376	T10506	T10504	pobj	counterstaining,for
R6377	T10507	T10498	punct	", ",used
R6378	T10508	T10498	prep	according,used
R6379	T10509	T10508	prep	to,according
R6380	T10510	T10511	det	the,manufacturer
R6381	T10511	T10512	poss	manufacturer,instruction
R6382	T10512	T10509	pobj	instruction,to
R6383	T10513	T10511	case	's,manufacturer
R6384	T10514	T10498	punct	.,used
R6385	T10540	T10541	compound	Gonad,explant
R6386	T10541	T10542	compound	explant,culture
R6387	T10543	T10542	punct	.,culture
R6388	T10545	T10546	compound	Gonad,mesonephros
R6389	T10546	T10548	compound	mesonephros,complexes
R6390	T10547	T10546	punct	/,mesonephros
R6391	T10548	T10549	nsubjpass	complexes,dissected
R6392	T10550	T10549	auxpass	were,dissected
R6393	T10551	T10549	prep	at,dissected
R6394	T10552	T10553	nummod	11.5,dpc
R6395	T10553	T10551	pobj	dpc,at
R6396	T10554	T10549	cc	and,dissected
R6397	T10555	T10549	conj	cultured,dissected
R6398	T10556	T10555	prep	on,cultured
R6399	T10557	T10558	compound	agar,blocks
R6400	T10558	T10556	pobj	blocks,on
R6401	T10559	T10555	prep	for,cultured
R6402	T10560	T10561	nummod	36,h
R6403	T10561	T10559	pobj	h,for
R6404	T10562	T10555	prep	at,cultured
R6405	T10563	T10564	nummod	37,°C
R6406	T10564	T10562	pobj	°C,at
R6407	T10565	T10564	punct	", ",°C
R6408	T10566	T10567	nummod	5,%
R6409	T10567	T10568	compound	%,CO 2
R6410	T10568	T10564	appos	CO 2,°C
R6411	T10569	T10570	mark	as,described
R6412	T10570	T10555	advcl	described,cultured
R6413	T10571	T10572	punct	[,60
R6414	T10572	T10555	parataxis	60,cultured
R6415	T10573	T10572	punct	],60
R6416	T10574	T10549	punct	.,dissected
R6417	T10576	T10577	prep	For,added
R6418	T10578	T10579	compound	FGF9,treatment
R6419	T10579	T10576	pobj	treatment,For
R6420	T10580	T10577	punct	", ",added
R6421	T10581	T10582	nummod	50,ng
R6422	T10582	T10583	nmod	ng,FGF9
R6423	T10583	T10577	nsubjpass	FGF9,added
R6424	T10584	T10585	punct	/,ml
R6425	T10585	T10582	prep	ml,ng
R6426	T10586	T10587	punct	(,Systems
R6427	T10587	T10583	parataxis	Systems,FGF9
R6428	T10588	T10587	nmod	R,Systems
R6429	T10589	T10588	cc	&,R
R6430	T10590	T10588	conj	D,R
R6431	T10591	T10587	punct	),Systems
R6432	T10592	T10577	auxpass	was,added
R6433	T10593	T10577	advmod	directly,added
R6434	T10594	T10577	prep	to,added
R6435	T10595	T10596	det	the,medium
R6436	T10596	T10594	pobj	medium,to
R6437	T10597	T10596	compound	culture,medium
R6438	T10598	T10577	punct	", ",added
R6439	T10599	T10577	cc	or,added
R6440	T10600	T10601	det	an,bead
R6441	T10601	T10605	nsubjpass	bead,placed
R6442	T10602	T10603	npadvmod	FGF9,loaded
R6443	T10603	T10601	amod	loaded,bead
R6444	T10604	T10603	punct	-,loaded
R6445	T10605	T10577	conj	placed,added
R6446	T10606	T10605	auxpass	was,placed
R6447	T10607	T10605	prep	on,placed
R6448	T10608	T10609	det	the,surface
R6449	T10609	T10607	pobj	surface,on
R6450	T10610	T10609	prep	of,surface
R6451	T10611	T10610	pobj	gonad,of
R6452	T10612	T10577	punct	.,added
R6453	T10614	T10615	aux	To,coat
R6454	T10615	T10616	advcl	coat,incubated
R6455	T10617	T10615	dobj	beads,coat
R6456	T10618	T10616	punct	", ",incubated
R6457	T10619	T10620	compound	heparin,agarose
R6458	T10620	T10622	compound	agarose,beads
R6459	T10621	T10620	punct	-,agarose
R6460	T10622	T10616	nsubjpass	beads,incubated
R6461	T10623	T10624	punct	(,Sigma
R6462	T10624	T10622	parataxis	Sigma,beads
R6463	T10625	T10624	punct	", ",Sigma
R6464	T10626	T10627	compound	St.,Louis
R6465	T10627	T10624	npadvmod	Louis,Sigma
R6466	T10628	T10624	punct	", ",Sigma
R6467	T10629	T10624	npadvmod	Missouri,Sigma
R6468	T10630	T10624	punct	", ",Sigma
R6469	T10631	T10632	compound	United,States
R6470	T10632	T10624	npadvmod	States,Sigma
R6471	T10633	T10624	punct	),Sigma
R6472	T10634	T10616	auxpass	were,incubated
R6473	T10635	T10616	prep	in,incubated
R6474	T10636	T10637	nummod	50,μg
R6475	T10637	T10638	nmod	μg,FGF9
R6476	T10638	T10635	pobj	FGF9,in
R6477	T10639	T10640	punct	/,ml
R6478	T10640	T10637	prep	ml,μg
R6479	T10641	T10616	prep	for,incubated
R6480	T10642	T10643	nummod	2,h
R6481	T10643	T10641	pobj	h,for
R6482	T10644	T10616	punct	", ",incubated
R6483	T10645	T10616	cc	and,incubated
R6484	T10646	T10616	conj	washed,incubated
R6485	T10647	T10648	nummod	five,times
R6486	T10648	T10646	npadvmod	times,washed
R6487	T10649	T10646	prep	in,washed
R6488	T10650	T10651	compound	culture,medium
R6489	T10651	T10649	pobj	medium,in
R6490	T10652	T10616	punct	.,incubated
R716	T1686	T1684	acl	required,evidence
R924	T1920	T1919	punct	-,autonomous
R930	T1925	T1926	advmod	However,resulted
R5412	T9238	T9239	mark	that,function
R5432	T9254	T9239	advcl	expressed,function
R5609	T9498	T9499	nsubj	This,results
R5611	T9500	T9499	prep	in,results
R5613	T9501	T9502	det	the,regulation
R5614	T9502	T9500	pobj	regulation,in
R5616	T9503	T9502	amod	down,regulation
R5617	T9504	T9502	punct	-,regulation
R5618	T9505	T9502	prep	of,regulation
R5619	T9506	T9505	pobj	Sox9,of
R5621	T9507	T9506	cc	and,Sox9

craft-ca-core-ex-dev

Below, discontinuous spans are shown in the chain model. You can change it to the bag model.

Id	Subject	Object	Predicate	Lexical cue
T111	9-13	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T112	45-53	GO:0065007	denotes	Regulate
T113	54-63	NCBITaxon:40674	denotes	Mammalian
T114	64-81	GO:0007530	denotes	Sex Determination
T115	138-143	SO_EXT:0000704	denotes	genes
T116	144-152	SO_EXT:sequence_coding_function	denotes	encoding
T117	168-172	UBERON:0000023	denotes	wing
T118	168-176	PR_EXT:P09615	denotes	wingless
T119	185-189	NCBITaxon:11757	denotes	MMTV
T120	190-206	SO_EXT:0000366	denotes	integration site
T121	217-227	CL:0000057	denotes	fibroblast
T122	228-234	GO_EXT:biological_growth_entity_or_process	denotes	growth
T123	228-241	GO_EXT:0008083	denotes	growth factor
T124	268-274	GO_EXT:biological_growth_entity_or_process	denotes	growth
T125	276-289	GO:0009653	denotes	morphogenesis
T126	295-310	GO_RO_EXT:developmental_differentiation_process	denotes	differentiation
T127	319-325	UBERON:0007688	denotes	fields
T128	329-334	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cells
T129	362-367	NCBITaxon:10088	denotes	mouse
T130	369-373	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T131	378-382	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T132	387-396	GO:0010467	denotes	expressed
T133	400-406	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T134	430-447	GO:0007530	denotes	sex determination
T135	457-461	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T136	504-508	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T137	528-534	UBERON:0000473	denotes	testis
T138	528-546	GO:0008584	denotes	testis development
T139	553-559	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T140	617-621	PATO_UBERON_EXT:male_or_bearer_of_maleness	denotes	male
T141	617-637	GO:0030238	denotes	male sex-determining
T142	638-642	SO_EXT:0000704	denotes	gene
T143	644-647	PR_EXT:000015643	denotes	Sry
T144	722-732	CL:0000057	denotes	fibroblast
T145	722-748	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	fibroblast growth factor 9
T146	733-739	GO_EXT:biological_growth_entity_or_process	denotes	growth
T147	733-746	GO_EXT:0008083	denotes	growth factor
T148	750-754	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T149	760-764	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	WNT4
T150	792-800	GO:0065007	denotes	regulate
T151	801-818	GO:0007530	denotes	sex determination
T152	827-832	NCBITaxon:10088	denotes	mouse
T153	836-841	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T154	843-846	PR_EXT:000015643	denotes	Sry
T155	894-898	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T156	903-907	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T157	915-927	GO_EXT:positive_regulation	denotes	up-regulates
T158	928-932	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T159	947-951	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T160	969-975	UBERON:0000473	denotes	testis
T161	1007-1011	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T162	1018-1024	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T163	1042-1053	GO_EXT:positive_regulation	denotes	up-regulate
T164	1054-1058	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T165	1063-1067	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T166	1086-1089	PR_EXT:000015643	denotes	Sry
T167	1131-1136	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T168	1140-1150	GO:0065007	denotes	controlled
T169	1173-1177	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T170	1182-1186	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T171	1204-1208	PATO_UBERON_EXT:male_or_bearer_of_maleness	denotes	male
T172	1204-1224	GO:0030238	denotes	male sex-determining
T173	1233-1236	PR_EXT:000015643	denotes	Sry
T174	1252-1259	NCBITaxon:40674	denotes	mammals
T175	1307-1317	GO_PATO_EXT:biological_patterning_process_or_quality	denotes	patterning
T176	1341-1358	GO:0007530	denotes	sex determination
T177	1368-1379	NCBITaxon:7742	denotes	vertebrates
T178	1458-1476	GO_EXT:cell_communication_or_signaling_or_signal_transduction	denotes	signaling pathways
T885	1707-1721	_FRAGMENT	denotes	development of
T886	1754-1760	GO:0048513	denotes	organs
T887	1741-1753	GO:0000003	denotes	reproductive
T888	1741-1760	UBERON:0003133	denotes	reproductive organs
T889	1787-1793	NCBITaxon:33208	denotes	animal
T890	1794-1801	NCBITaxon:species	denotes	species
T891	1807-1813	UBERON:0000473	denotes	testis
T892	1818-1823	UBERON:0000992	denotes	ovary
T893	1893-1902	UBERON:0000922	denotes	embryonic
T894	1903-1908	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T895	1946-1960	_FRAGMENT	denotes	development of
T896	1965-1970	GO:0008406	denotes	gonad
T897	1965-1970	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T898	1995-2002	NCBITaxon:species	denotes	species
T899	2073-2078	UBERON:0000992	denotes	ovary
T900	2082-2088	UBERON:0000473	denotes	testis
T901	2115-2124	SO_EXT:biological_conservation_process_or_quality	denotes	conserved
T902	2133-2140	NCBITaxon:species	denotes	species
T903	2146-2155	UBERON:0000922	denotes	embryonic
T904	2156-2161	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T905	2184-2197	_FRAGMENT	denotes	population of
T906	2203-2208	UBERON_EXT:cell_clump_or_cluster_or_group_or_mass_or_population	denotes	cells
T907	2221-2226	UBERON_EXT:cell_clump_or_cluster_or_group_or_mass_or_population	denotes	cells
T908	2198-2208	CL:0000586	denotes	germ cells
T909	2203-2208	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cells
T910	2213-2226	CL:0002371	denotes	somatic cells
T911	2221-2226	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cells
T912	2233-2239	UBERON:0000479	denotes	tissue
T913	2273-2278	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cells
T914	2319-2332	GO_RO_EXT:developmental_differentiation_process	denotes	differentiate
T915	2338-2345	UBERON:0000992	denotes	ovarian
T916	2349-2359	UBERON:0000473	denotes	testicular
T917	2408-2413	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cells
T918	2422-2432	UBERON:0001048	denotes	primordium
T919	2492-2497	SO_EXT:0000704	denotes	genes
T920	2561-2565	PR_EXT:000011390	denotes	Dax1
T921	2567-2672	PR_EXT:000011390	denotes	dosage-sensitive sex reversal-congenital adrenal hypoplasia critical region on the X chromosome protein 1
T922	2608-2615	UBERON:0002369	denotes	adrenal
T923	2636-2645	_FRAGMENT	denotes	region on
T924	2652-2662	GO_SO_EXT:chromosomal_part_or_position_or_region_or_site	denotes	chromosome
T925	2650-2662	GO:0000805	denotes	X chromosome
T926	2652-2662	GO_SO_EXT:chromosome	denotes	chromosome
T927	2663-2670	CHEBI_PR_EXT:protein	denotes	protein
T928	2675-2679	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T929	2681-2699	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	Sry-like HMG box 9
T930	2702-2706	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T931	2708-2718	CL:0000057	denotes	fibroblast
T932	2708-2734	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	fibroblast growth factor 9
T933	2719-2725	GO_EXT:biological_growth_entity_or_process	denotes	growth
T934	2719-2732	GO_EXT:0008083	denotes	growth factor
T935	2741-2745	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T936	2747-2751	UBERON:0000023	denotes	wing
T937	2747-2787	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	wingless-related MMTV integration site 4
T938	2764-2768	NCBITaxon:11757	denotes	MMTV
T939	2769-2785	SO_EXT:0000366	denotes	integration site
T940	2804-2813	GO:0010467	denotes	expressed
T941	2847-2853	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T942	2888-2897	NCBITaxon:40674	denotes	mammalian
T943	2898-2915	GO:0007530	denotes	sex determination
T944	2945-2950	UBERON:0000062	denotes	organ
T945	2945-2962	GO:0048513	denotes	organ development
T946	2966-2973	UBERON:0000992	denotes	ovarian
T947	2988-2994	UBERON:0000473	denotes	testis
T948	3007-3011	SO_EXT:0000704	denotes	gene
T949	3054-3060	UBERON:0000473	denotes	testis
T950	3054-3072	GO:0008584	denotes	testis development
T951	3123-3138	CL:0000630	denotes	supporting cell
T952	3134-3138	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cell
T953	3164-3168	PATO_UBERON_EXT:male_or_bearer_of_maleness	denotes	male
T954	3178-3191	GO:0009653	denotes	morphogenetic
T955	3310-3323	_FRAGMENT	denotes	proliferation
T956	3343-3351	GO:0008283	denotes	of cells
T957	3333-3351	GO:0016477	denotes	migration of cells
T958	3346-3351	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cells
T959	3363-3374	UBERON:0005297	denotes	testis cord
T960	3432-3444	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli cell
T961	3440-3444	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cell
T962	3440-3460	GO:0030154	denotes	cell differentiation
T963	3462-3465	PR_EXT:000015643	denotes	Sry
T964	3469-3481	GO:0000806	denotes	Y chromosome
T965	3471-3481	GO_SO_EXT:chromosome	denotes	chromosome
T966	3489-3493	SO_EXT:0000704	denotes	gene
T967	3510-3525	GO:0007530	denotes	sex-determining
T968	3526-3530	SO_EXT:0000704	denotes	gene
T969	3534-3541	NCBITaxon:40674	denotes	mammals
T970	3571-3574	PR_EXT:000015643	denotes	Sry
T971	3575-3585	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T972	3592-3599	UBERON:0000922	denotes	embryos
T973	3610-3617	UBERON:0000922	denotes	embryos
T974	3629-3637	SO_EXT:sequence_deletion_entity_or_process	denotes	deletion
T975	3641-3644	PR_EXT:000015643	denotes	Sry
T976	3645-3650	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cells
T977	3658-3663	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T978	3674-3681	UBERON:0000992	denotes	ovarian
T979	3682-3697	GO_RO_EXT:developmental_differentiation_process	denotes	differentiation
T980	3707-3714	SO_EXT:0000704	denotes	Genetic
T981	3738-3742	NCBITaxon:10088	denotes	mice
T982	3754-3764	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T983	3788-3798	SO_EXT:0000902	denotes	transgenes
T984	3823-3826	PR_EXT:000015643	denotes	Sry
T985	3827-3837	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T986	3884-3899	CL:0000630	denotes	supporting cell
T987	3895-3899	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cell
T988	3909-3919	GO:0010467	denotes	Expression
T989	3923-3926	PR_EXT:000015643	denotes	Sry
T990	3948-3953	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cells
T991	3969-3984	GO_RO_EXT:developmental_differentiation_process	denotes	differentiation
T992	3988-3994	UBERON:0000473	denotes	testis
T993	4004-4017	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli cells
T994	4012-4017	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cells
T995	4033-4041	UBERON_EXT:follicle	denotes	follicle
T996	4033-4047	CL:0000477	denotes	follicle cells
T997	4042-4047	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cells
T998	4062-4066	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cell
T999	4079-4084	UBERON:0000992	denotes	ovary
T1000	4115-4127	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli cell
T1001	4123-4127	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cell
T1002	4141-4145	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cell
T1003	4154-4167	GO_RO_EXT:developmental_differentiation_process	denotes	differentiate
T1004	4175-4180	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T1005	4254-4267	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli cells
T1006	4262-4267	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cells
T1007	4293-4299	UBERON:0000473	denotes	testis
T1008	4300-4315	GO_RO_EXT:developmental_differentiation_process	denotes	differentiation
T1009	4380-4385	UBERON:0000992	denotes	ovary
T1010	4386-4401	GO_RO_EXT:developmental_differentiation_process	denotes	differentiation
T1011	4415-4418	PR_EXT:000015643	denotes	Sry
T1012	4419-4429	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T1013	4438-4448	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T1014	4467-4472	SO_EXT:0000704	denotes	genes
T1015	4480-4485	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T1016	4514-4518	SO_EXT:0000704	denotes	gene
T1017	4533-4536	PR_EXT:000015643	denotes	Sry
T1018	4551-4555	PATO_UBERON_EXT:male_or_bearer_of_maleness	denotes	male
T1019	4565-4578	GO_EXT:positive_regulation	denotes	up-regulation
T1020	4582-4594	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli cell
T1021	4590-4594	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cell
T1022	4619-4623	SO_EXT:0000704	denotes	gene
T1023	4624-4633	GO:0010467	denotes	expressed
T1024	4642-4649	UBERON:0000479	denotes	tissues
T1025	4668-4674	UBERON:0000922	denotes	embryo
T1026	4677-4681	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T1027	4697-4701	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T1028	4702-4712	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T1029	4723-4728	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T1030	4736-4740	PATO_UBERON_EXT:male_or_bearer_of_maleness	denotes	male
T1031	4744-4750	PATO_UBERON_EXT:female_or_bearer_of_femaleness	denotes	female
T1032	4806-4810	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T1033	4821-4826	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T1034	4836-4842	UBERON:0000473	denotes	testis
T1035	4836-4854	GO:0008584	denotes	testis development
T1036	4894-4898	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T1037	4923-4940	GO:0007530	denotes	sex determination
T1038	4949-4952	PR_EXT:000015643	denotes	Sry
T1039	4975-4982	NCBITaxon:40674	denotes	mammals
T1040	4984-4994	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T1041	4998-5002	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T1042	5018-5027	SO_EXT:biological_conservation_process_or_quality	denotes	conserved
T1043	5035-5040	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T1044	5049-5056	NCBITaxon:species	denotes	species
T1045	5061-5068	NCBITaxon:40674	denotes	mammals
T1046	5070-5074	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T1047	5078-5090	GO_EXT:positive_regulation	denotes	up-regulated
T1048	5109-5112	PR_EXT:000015643	denotes	Sry
T1049	5113-5123	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T1050	5155-5158	PR_EXT:000015643	denotes	Sry
T1051	5159-5169	GO:0010467	denotes	expressing
T1052	5170-5175	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cells
T1053	5223-5229	UBERON:0000473	denotes	testis
T1054	5230-5245	GO_RO_EXT:developmental_differentiation_process	denotes	differentiation
T1055	5266-5279	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli cells
T1056	5274-5279	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cells
T1057	5285-5292	GO:0010467	denotes	express
T1058	5293-5297	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T1059	5317-5322	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cells
T1060	5333-5342	GO:0010467	denotes	expressed
T1061	5343-5346	PR_EXT:000015643	denotes	Sry
T1062	5384-5388	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T1063	5394-5398	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cell
T1064	5420-5423	PR_EXT:000015643	denotes	Sry
T1065	5434-5443	SO_EXT:sequence_alteration_entity_or_process	denotes	mutations
T1066	5455-5473	GO_EXT:cell_communication_or_signaling_or_signal_transduction	denotes	signaling pathways
T1067	5484-5488	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T1068	5493-5498	PR_EXT:000003273	denotes	Igf1r
T1069	5499-5502	PR_EXT:000009065	denotes	Irr
T1070	5503-5505	GO_PR_EXT:insulin_receptor	denotes	Ir
T1071	5507-5535	CHEBI_PR_EXT:insulin_like_growth_factor_1	denotes	insulin-like growth factor 1
T1072	5507-5544	PR_EXT:000003273	denotes	insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor
T1073	5520-5526	GO_EXT:biological_growth_entity_or_process	denotes	growth
T1074	5520-5533	GO_EXT:0008083	denotes	growth factor
T1075	5536-5544	GO_EXT:0004872	denotes	receptor
T1076	5545-5561	GO_PR_EXT:insulin_receptor	denotes	insulin receptor
T1077	5545-5578	PR_EXT:000009065	denotes	insulin receptor-related receptor
T1078	5570-5578	GO_EXT:0004872	denotes	receptor
T1079	5579-5595	GO_PR_EXT:insulin_receptor	denotes	insulin receptor
T1080	5617-5621	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T1081	5622-5632	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T1082	5697-5710	GO:0005576	denotes	extracellular
T1083	5702-5710	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cellular
T1084	5711-5729	GO_EXT:cell_communication_or_signaling_or_signal_transduction	denotes	signaling pathways
T1085	5761-5786	GO:0007538	denotes	primary sex determination
T1086	5788-5792	NCBITaxon:10088	denotes	Mice
T1087	5810-5814	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness	denotes	null
T1088	5815-5823	SO_EXT:sequence_alteration_entity_or_process	denotes	mutation
T1089	5827-5831	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T1090	5840-5844	PATO_UBERON_EXT:male_or_bearer_of_maleness	denotes	male
T1091	5848-5854	PATO_UBERON_EXT:female_or_bearer_of_femaleness	denotes	female
T1092	5896-5902	UBERON:0000473	denotes	testis
T1093	5912-5920	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cellular
T1094	5912-5927	GO:0009987	denotes	cellular events
T1095	5939-5943	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cell
T1096	5939-5957	GO:0008283	denotes	cell proliferation
T1097	5959-5970	UBERON:0000080	denotes	mesonephric
T1098	5971-5975	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cell
T1099	5971-5985	GO:0016477	denotes	cell migration
T1100	5987-5998	UBERON:0005297	denotes	testis cord
T1101	6018-6036	_FRAGMENT	denotes	differentiation of
T1102	6045-6050	GO:0030154	denotes	cells
T1103	6037-6050	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli cells
T1104	6045-6050	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cells
T1105	6062-6066	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T1106	6109-6115	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T1107	6130-6139	GO:0010467	denotes	expressed
T1108	6143-6149	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T1109	6177-6181	PATO_UBERON_EXT:male_or_bearer_of_maleness	denotes	male
T1110	6197-6200	PR_EXT:000015643	denotes	Sry
T1111	6204-6213	GO:0010467	denotes	expressed
T1112	6239-6249	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T1113	6253-6257	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T1114	6293-6299	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T1115	6323-6329	PATO_UBERON_EXT:female_or_bearer_of_femaleness	denotes	female
T1116	6348-6354	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T1117	6362-6366	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness	denotes	null
T1118	6367-6375	SO_EXT:sequence_alteration_entity_or_process	denotes	mutation
T1119	6379-6383	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T1120	6416-6426	UBERON:0000473	denotes	testicular
T1121	6427-6442	GO_RO_EXT:developmental_differentiation_process	denotes	differentiation
T1122	6475-6488	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli cells
T1123	6483-6488	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cells
T1124	6513-6523	UBERON:0000473	denotes	testicular
T1125	6524-6539	GO_RO_EXT:developmental_differentiation_process	denotes	differentiation
T1127	6571-6586	GO_RO_EXT:developmental_differentiation_process	denotes	differentiation
T1128	6609-6613	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T1129	6614-6615	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T1130	6616-6617	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T1131	6621-6627	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T1132	6638-6648	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T1133	6652-6664	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli cell
T1134	6660-6664	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cell
T1135	6665-6672	CHEBI_SO_EXT:molecular_indicator_or_label_or_marker_or_tag	denotes	markers
T1136	6710-6717	SO_EXT:sequence_altered_entity	denotes	mutants
T1137	6779-6783	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T1138	6804-6829	GO:0007538	denotes	primary sex determination
T1139	6837-6842	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T1140	6893-6900	SO_EXT:0000704	denotes	genetic
T1141	6917-6920	PR_EXT:000015643	denotes	Sry
T1142	6922-6926	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T1143	6928-6932	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T1144	6938-6942	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T1145	6950-6960	GO:0065007	denotes	regulatory
T1146	6974-6981	GO:0065007	denotes	governs
T1147	6986-6993	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonadal
T1148	6994-6999	UBERON:0007688	denotes	field
T1149	7026-7030	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T1150	7045-7051	SO_EXT:sequence_altered_entity_or_alteration_process	denotes	mutant
T1151	7055-7061	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T1152	7082-7092	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T1153	7096-7099	PR_EXT:000015643	denotes	SRY
T1154	7115-7128	GO_EXT:positive_regulation	denotes	up-regulation
T1155	7132-7136	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T1156	7147-7151	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T1157	7152-7162	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T1158	7188-7192	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T1159	7193-7194	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T1160	7195-7196	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T1161	7197-7203	SO_EXT:sequence_altered_entity_or_alteration_process	denotes	mutant
T1162	7204-7210	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T1163	7216-7222	UBERON:0000473	denotes	testis
T1164	7223-7238	GO_RO_EXT:developmental_differentiation_process	denotes	differentiation
T1165	7276-7280	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T1166	7295-7300	UBERON:0000992	denotes	ovary
T1167	7311-7315	SO_EXT:0000704	denotes	gene
T1168	7317-7321	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T1169	7343-7347	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T1170	7391-7398	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli
T1171	7409-7414	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cells
T1172	7422-7429	GO:0046903	denotes	secrete
T1173	7430-7434	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T1174	7490-7494	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T1175	7535-7539	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T1176	7540-7550	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T1177	7567-7571	PATO_UBERON_EXT:male_or_bearer_of_maleness	denotes	male
T1178	7584-7589	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T1179	7591-7595	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	WNT4
T1180	7616-7620	PATO_UBERON_EXT:male_or_bearer_of_maleness	denotes	male
T1181	7616-7628	GO:0046661	denotes	male pathway
T1182	7643-7653	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T1183	7657-7661	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T1184	7666-7670	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T1185	7691-7695	PATO_UBERON_EXT:male_or_bearer_of_maleness	denotes	male
T1186	7691-7703	GO:0046661	denotes	male pathway
T1187	7704-7709	SO_EXT:0000704	denotes	genes
T1188	7739-7743	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T1189	7744-7745	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T1190	7746-7747	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T1191	7751-7757	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T1192	7780-7781	GO:0000806	denotes	Y
T1193	7789-7793	SO_EXT:0000704	denotes	gene
T1194	7794-7797	PR_EXT:000015643	denotes	Sry
T1195	7813-7820	SO_EXT:0000704	denotes	genetic
T1196	7890-7895	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T1197	7899-7909	GO:0065007	denotes	controlled
T1198	7951-7955	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T1199	7960-7964	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	WNT4
T1200	7972-7979	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonadal
T1201	7980-7985	UBERON:0007688	denotes	field
T1202	8043-8049	GO_EXT:biological_growth_entity_or_process	denotes	growth
T1203	8051-8064	GO:0009653	denotes	morphogenesis
T1204	8070-8078	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cellular
T1205	8070-8094	GO:0030154	denotes	cellular differentiation
T2534	8124-8134	GO:0010467	denotes	Expression
T2535	8138-8142	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T2536	8199-8207	GO:0042571	denotes	antibody
T2537	8220-8224	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T2538	8238-8248	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T2539	8263-8268	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T2540	8263-8280	GO:0008406	denotes	gonad development
T2541	8282-8286	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T2542	8287-8294	CHEBI_PR_EXT:protein	denotes	protein
T2543	8335-8340	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T2544	8398-8402	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T2545	8427-8433	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T2546	8453-8458	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cells
T2547	8479-8485	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T2548	8493-8498	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cells
T2549	8514-8526	UBERON:0005297	denotes	testis cords
T2550	8546-8556	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T2551	8583-8589	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T2552	8620-8624	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T2553	8625-8635	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T2554	8643-8655	UBERON:0005297	denotes	testis cords
T2555	8660-8669	GO_PATO_EXT:biological_localization_process_or_quality	denotes	localized
T2556	8673-8686	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli cells
T2557	8681-8686	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cells
T2558	8705-8715	CL:0000586	denotes	germ cells
T2559	8710-8715	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cells
T2560	8729-8738	CL:0000586	denotes	germ cell
T2561	8734-8747	GO:0005886	denotes	cell membrane
T2562	8748-8754	CHEBI_SO_EXT:molecular_indicator_or_label_or_marker_or_tag	denotes	marker
T2563	8755-8763	CL:0000233	denotes	platelet
T2564	8755-8798	PR_EXT:000001904	denotes	platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule
T2565	8764-8775	UBERON:0001986	denotes	endothelial
T2566	8764-8780	CL:0000115	denotes	endothelial cell
T2567	8776-8780	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cell
T2568	8781-8789	GO_PATO_EXT:biological_adhesion_entity_or_process	denotes	adhesion
T2569	8790-8798	CHEBI:23367	denotes	molecule
T2570	8800-8805	PR_EXT:000001904	denotes	PECAM
T2571	8865-8872	CL:0000300	denotes	gametic
T2572	8873-8879	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T2573	8885-8888	PR_EXT:000002065	denotes	Kit
T2574	8916-8923	UBERON:0000922	denotes	embryos
T2575	8939-8951	UBERON:0005297	denotes	testis cords
T2576	8963-8976	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli cells
T2577	8971-8976	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cells
T2578	8983-8987	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T2579	9023-9035	UBERON:0005297	denotes	testis cords
T2580	9042-9045	PR_EXT:000002065	denotes	Kit
T2581	9051-9057	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T2582	9065-9085	GO_PR_EXT:alkaline_phosphatase	denotes	alkaline phosphatase
T2583	9119-9129	CL:0000586	denotes	germ cells
T2584	9124-9129	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cells
T2585	9164-9168	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T2586	9172-9181	GO:0010467	denotes	expressed
T2587	9185-9198	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli cells
T2588	9193-9198	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cells
T2589	9213-9223	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T2590	9260-9270	CL:0000586	denotes	germ cells
T2591	9265-9270	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cells
T2592	9284-9288	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T2593	9289-9299	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T2594	9330-9336	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T2595	9388-9394	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T2596	9398-9404	UBERON:0000473	denotes	testis
T2597	9405-9420	GO_RO_EXT:developmental_differentiation_process	denotes	differentiation
T2975	10401-10404	PR_EXT:000015643	denotes	Sry
T2976	10405-10415	GO:0010467	denotes	Expression
T2977	10440-10444	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness	denotes	Null
T2978	10445-10449	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T2979	10453-10459	UBERON:0000991	denotes	Gonads
T2980	10470-10480	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T2981	10484-10488	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T2982	10504-10510	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T2983	10542-10546	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T2984	10562-10571	GO_EXT:regulator	denotes	regulator
T2985	10575-10578	PR_EXT:000015643	denotes	Sry
T2986	10616-10621	GO:0007618	denotes	mated
T2987	10622-10626	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T2988	10627-10628	SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present	denotes	+
T2989	10629-10630	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T2990	10631-10635	NCBITaxon:10088	denotes	mice
T2991	10643-10653	SO_EXT:transgenic_entity	denotes	transgenic
T2992	10711-10718	CHEBI_PR_EXT:protein	denotes	protein
T2993	10726-10735	SO_EXT:0000902	denotes	transgene
T2994	10750-10753	PR_EXT:000015643	denotes	Sry
T2995	10754-10762	SO_EXT:0000167	denotes	promoter
T2996	10763-10766	PR_EXT:000015643	denotes	Sry
T2997	10796-10805	SO_EXT:0000902	denotes	transgene
T2998	10843-10846	PR_EXT:000015643	denotes	Sry
T2999	10847-10857	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T3000	10868-10878	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T3001	10916-10920	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T3002	10921-10922	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T3003	10923-10924	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T3004	10928-10934	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T3005	10949-10953	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T3006	10954-10955	SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present	denotes	+
T3007	10956-10957	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T3008	11015-11030	GO_EXT:transcription	denotes	transcriptional
T3009	11031-11041	GO:0065007	denotes	regulation
T3010	11045-11048	PR_EXT:000015643	denotes	Sry
T3011	11067-11071	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T3012	11137-11140	PR_EXT:000015643	denotes	Sry
T3013	11141-11151	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T3014	11176-11185	SO_EXT:sequence_alteration_entity_or_process	denotes	mutations
T3015	11197-11200	PR_EXT:000015643	denotes	SRY
T3016	11201-11212	_FRAGMENT	denotes	import into
T3017	11217-11224	GO:0051170	denotes	nucleus
T3018	11217-11224	GO:0005634	denotes	nucleus
T3019	11236-11245	SO_EXT:0000902	denotes	transgene
T3020	11247-11250	PR_EXT:000015643	denotes	Sry
T3021	11278-11291	GO:0005622	denotes	intracellular
T3022	11283-11291	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cellular
T3023	11312-11315	PR_EXT:000015643	denotes	SRY
T3024	11316-11323	CHEBI_PR_EXT:protein	denotes	protein
T3025	11355-11358	PR_EXT:000015643	denotes	SRY
T3026	11359-11369	GO:0065007	denotes	regulation
T3027	11374-11378	GO_EXT:breeding	denotes	bred
T3028	11379-11383	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T3029	11384-11385	SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present	denotes	+
T3030	11386-11387	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T3031	11388-11392	NCBITaxon:10088	denotes	mice
T3032	11406-11409	PR_EXT:000015643	denotes	Sry
T3033	11419-11424	NCBITaxon:10088	denotes	mouse
T3034	11441-11444	PR_EXT:000000020	denotes	Myc
T3035	11445-11451	CHEBI_SO_EXT:molecular_label_or_mark_or_tag_process	denotes	tagged
T3036	11452-11455	PR_EXT:000015643	denotes	Sry
T3037	11456-11465	SO_EXT:0000902	denotes	transgene
T3038	11467-11470	PR_EXT:000015643	denotes	Sry
T3039	11471-11474	PR_EXT:000000020	denotes	Myc
T3040	11511-11524	GO:0005622	denotes	intracellular
T3041	11516-11524	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cellular
T3042	11525-11528	PR_EXT:000015643	denotes	SRY
T3043	11529-11539	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T3044	11564-11572	GO:0042571	denotes	antibody
T3045	11581-11586	PR_EXT:000000084	denotes	c-MYC
T3046	11592-11602	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T3047	11607-11614	GO:0005634	denotes	nuclear
T3048	11615-11627	GO_PATO_EXT:biological_localization_process_or_quality	denotes	localization
T3049	11631-11634	PR_EXT:000015643	denotes	SRY
T3050	11635-11638	PR_EXT:000000020	denotes	MYC
T3051	11642-11645	PR_EXT:000015643	denotes	Sry
T3052	11646-11649	PR_EXT:000000020	denotes	Myc
T3053	11651-11655	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T3054	11656-11657	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T3055	11658-11659	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T3056	11660-11666	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T3057	11766-11769	PR_EXT:000015643	denotes	Sry
T3058	11770-11780	SO_EXT:transgenic_entity	denotes	transgenic
T3059	11818-11821	PR_EXT:000015643	denotes	Sry
T3060	11822-11832	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T3061	11853-11857	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T3062	11870-11874	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T3063	11875-11884	GO_EXT:cell_communication_or_signaling_or_signal_transduction	denotes	signaling
T3064	11927-11930	PR_EXT:000015643	denotes	Sry
T3065	11934-11942	GO:0065007	denotes	regulate
T3066	11943-11949	UBERON:0000473	denotes	testis
T3067	11943-11961	GO:0008584	denotes	testis development
T3504	13183-13187	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T3505	13192-13203	GO_EXT:positive_regulation	denotes	Up-Regulate
T3506	13204-13208	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T3507	13209-13219	GO:0010467	denotes	Expression
T3508	13261-13265	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T3509	13266-13276	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T3510	13292-13296	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T3511	13297-13298	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T3512	13299-13300	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T3513	13304-13310	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T3514	13344-13350	UBERON:0000473	denotes	testes
T3515	13379-13383	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T3516	13384-13394	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T3517	13445-13452	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli
T3518	13453-13468	GO_RO_EXT:developmental_differentiation_process	denotes	differentiation
T3519	13501-13508	SO_EXT:0000704	denotes	genetic
T3520	13529-13533	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T3521	13538-13542	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T3522	13554-13558	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T3523	13569-13578	GO:0010467	denotes	expressed
T3524	13582-13591	SO_EXT:wild_type_entity_or_quality	denotes	wild-type
T3525	13592-13606	UBERON:0005294	denotes	genital ridges
T3526	13625-13632	UBERON:0000922	denotes	embryos
T3527	13669-13672	PR_EXT:000015643	denotes	Sry
T3528	13673-13683	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T3529	13688-13700	GO_EXT:positive_regulation	denotes	up-regulated
T3530	13707-13713	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T3531	13754-13758	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T3532	13805-13808	PR_EXT:000015643	denotes	Sry
T3533	13834-13838	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T3534	13859-13875	_FRAGMENT	denotes	up-regulation of
T3535	13881-13891	GO:0010628	denotes	expression
T3536	13876-13880	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T3537	13893-13905	CL:0000001	denotes	Primary cell
T3538	13901-13905	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cell
T3539	13918-13923	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T3540	13960-13964	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T3541	13989-13993	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T3542	13999-14012	CL:0001034	denotes	in vitro cell
T3543	14008-14012	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cell
T3544	14022-14027	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cells
T3545	14056-14062	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T3546	14071-14082	UBERON:0000080	denotes	mesonephroi
T3547	14100-14120	GO:0031012	denotes	extracellular matrix
T3548	14105-14113	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cellular
T3549	14176-14180	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T3550	14223-14227	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T3551	14228-14238	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T3552	14259-14267	GO:0042571	denotes	antibody
T3553	14280-14284	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T3554	14291-14296	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cells
T3555	14312-14317	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cells
T3556	14329-14333	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T3557	14344-14348	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cell
T3558	14369-14373	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cell
T3559	14397-14402	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cells
T3560	14434-14438	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T3561	14484-14497	GO_EXT:positive_regulation	denotes	up-regulation
T3562	14501-14505	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T3563	14512-14517	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cells
T3564	14536-14549	GO_EXT:positive_regulation	denotes	Up-regulation
T3565	14553-14557	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T3566	14599-14605	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T3567	14630-14634	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T3568	14716-14723	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonadal
T3569	14724-14729	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cells
T3570	14737-14743	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T3571	14790-14794	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T3572	14866-14871	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T3573	14888-14892	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T3574	14913-14922	GO_PATO_EXT:biological_localization_process_or_quality	denotes	localized
T3575	14943-14963	GO:0031012	denotes	extracellular matrix
T3576	14948-14956	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cellular
T3577	14974-14979	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T3578	15009-15013	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T3579	15034-15039	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T3580	15060-15070	GO_EXT:biological_movement_or_translocation_process	denotes	mobilizing
T3581	15071-15075	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T3582	15149-15153	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T3583	15154-15164	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T3584	15169-15181	GO_EXT:positive_regulation	denotes	up-regulated
T3585	15193-15198	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cells
T3586	15226-15231	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T3587	15252-15256	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T3588	15337-15341	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T3589	15342-15351	GO_EXT:cell_communication_or_signaling_or_signal_transduction	denotes	signaling
T3590	15363-15367	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T3591	15368-15378	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T3592	15385-15392	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonadal
T3593	15393-15398	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cells
T3594	15442-15446	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T3595	15451-15455	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T4134	15458-15462	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T4135	15491-15495	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T4136	15496-15506	GO:0010467	denotes	Expression
T4137	15513-15519	UBERON:0000991	denotes	Gonads
T4138	15543-15547	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T4139	15569-15582	GO_EXT:positive_regulation	denotes	up-regulation
T4140	15586-15590	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T4141	15612-15616	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T4142	15617-15627	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T4143	15648-15652	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T4144	15653-15654	SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present	denotes	+
T4145	15655-15656	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T4146	15661-15665	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T4147	15666-15667	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T4148	15668-15669	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T4149	15673-15679	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T4150	15718-15727	SO_EXT:wild_type_entity_or_quality	denotes	wild-type
T4151	15745-15751	SO_EXT:sequence_altered_entity_or_alteration_process	denotes	mutant
T4152	15755-15761	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T4153	15775-15779	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T4154	15814-15819	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cells
T4155	15827-15832	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T4156	15881-15888	GO:0005634	denotes	nuclear
T4157	15889-15893	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T4158	15917-15922	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cells
T4159	15934-15940	UBERON:0001851	denotes	cortex
T4160	15985-15990	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T4161	16042-16045	PR_EXT:000015643	denotes	Sry
T4162	16050-16054	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T4163	16055-16065	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T4164	16125-16129	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T4165	16130-16131	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T4166	16132-16133	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T4167	16137-16143	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T4168	16165-16178	CL:0002371	denotes	Somatic cells
T4169	16173-16178	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cells
T4170	16186-16190	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T4171	16191-16192	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T4172	16193-16194	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T4173	16195-16201	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T4174	16220-16224	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T4175	16295-16305	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T4176	16310-16323	GO_EXT:positive_regulation	denotes	up-regulation
T4177	16327-16331	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T4178	16354-16358	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T4179	16359-16360	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T4180	16361-16362	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T4181	16363-16369	SO_EXT:sequence_altered_entity_or_alteration_process	denotes	mutant
T4182	16373-16379	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T4183	16411-16415	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T4184	16416-16417	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T4185	16418-16419	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T4186	16423-16429	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T4187	16431-16435	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T4188	16478-16485	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli
T4189	16496-16501	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cells
T4190	16538-16549	UBERON:0005297	denotes	testis cord
T4191	16609-16613	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T4192	16638-16651	GO_EXT:positive_regulation	denotes	up-regulation
T4193	16655-16659	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T4194	16701-16705	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T4195	16706-16716	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T4196	16720-16727	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli
T4197	16738-16743	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cells
T4591	18118-18122	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T4592	18139-18143	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T4593	18144-18157	GO_EXT:positive_regulation	denotes	Up-Regulation
T4594	18164-18170	UBERON:0000991	denotes	Gonads
T4595	18235-18240	SO_EXT:0000704	denotes	genes
T4596	18246-18249	PR_EXT:000015643	denotes	Sry
T4597	18252-18256	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T4598	18259-18263	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T4599	18265-18275	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T4600	18279-18283	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T4601	18306-18312	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T4602	18331-18335	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T4603	18377-18380	PR_EXT:000015643	denotes	Sry
T4604	18383-18387	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T4605	18390-18394	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T4606	18396-18406	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T4607	18410-18414	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T4608	18449-18455	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T4609	18474-18478	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T4610	18492-18496	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T4611	18497-18507	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T4612	18511-18515	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T4613	18527-18533	SO_EXT:sequence_altered_entity_or_alteration_process	denotes	mutant
T4614	18536-18540	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T4615	18549-18555	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T4616	18578-18582	NCBITaxon:10088	denotes	mice
T4617	18612-18616	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness	denotes	null
T4618	18618-18622	SO:0000359	denotes	flox
T4619	18624-18630	SO_EXT:0001023	denotes	allele
T4620	18634-18638	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T4621	18641-18645	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T4622	18646-18650	SO:0000359	denotes	flox
T4623	18651-18655	SO:0000359	denotes	flox
T4624	18662-18666	NCBITaxon:10088	denotes	mice
T4625	18698-18708	SO_EXT:0000902	denotes	transgenes
T4626	18710-18714	PR_EXT:000013249	denotes	Prm1
T4627	18722-18726	PATO_UBERON_EXT:male_or_bearer_of_maleness	denotes	male
T4628	18731-18734	PR_EXT:000018212	denotes	Zp3
T4629	18742-18748	PATO_UBERON_EXT:female_or_bearer_of_femaleness	denotes	female
T4630	18764-18768	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T4631	18769-18773	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness	denotes	null
T4632	18774-18780	SO_EXT:sequence_altered_entity_or_alteration_process	denotes	mutant
T4633	18781-18788	UBERON:0000922	denotes	embryos
T4634	18789-18792	GO:0016265	denotes	die
T4635	18819-18833	UBERON:0004535	denotes	cardiovascular
T4636	18905-18909	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T4637	18910-18914	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness	denotes	null
T4638	18915-18921	SO_EXT:sequence_altered_entity_or_alteration_process	denotes	mutant
T4639	18922-18928	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T4640	18951-18955	PATO_UBERON_EXT:male_or_bearer_of_maleness	denotes	male
T4641	18960-18966	PATO_UBERON_EXT:female_or_bearer_of_femaleness	denotes	female
T4642	18967-18974	CHEBI_SO_EXT:molecular_indicator_or_label_or_marker_or_tag	denotes	markers
T4643	19015-19019	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T4644	19020-19026	SO_EXT:sequence_altered_entity_or_alteration_process	denotes	mutant
T4645	19027-19033	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T4646	19143-19147	CHEBI_SO_EXT:mRNA	denotes	mRNA
T4647	19156-19169	GO:0097617	denotes	hybridization
T4648	19192-19202	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T4649	19206-19210	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T4650	19255-19259	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T4651	19264-19270	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T4652	19303-19306	PR_EXT:000015643	denotes	Sry
T4653	19307-19317	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T4654	19333-19342	SO_EXT:wild_type_entity_or_quality	denotes	wild-type
T4655	19410-19414	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T4656	19415-19425	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T4657	19429-19438	SO_EXT:wild_type_entity_or_quality	denotes	wild-type
T4658	19442-19448	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T4659	19469-19479	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T4660	19483-19487	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T4661	19523-19533	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T4662	19537-19540	PR_EXT:000015643	denotes	Sry
T4663	19562-19570	GO:0065007	denotes	regulate
T4664	19571-19575	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T4665	19594-19598	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T4666	19628-19632	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T4667	19650-19654	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T4668	19655-19665	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T4669	19671-19675	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T4670	19698-19702	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T4671	19703-19713	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T4672	19773-19778	SO_EXT:0000704	denotes	genes
T4673	19785-19791	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T5090	19799-19803	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T5091	19804-19810	SO_EXT:sequence_altered_entity_or_alteration_process	denotes	Mutant
T5092	19811-19817	UBERON:0000991	denotes	Gonads
T5093	19819-19823	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T5094	19831-19837	UBERON:0000991	denotes	Gonads
T5095	19854-19858	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	Cell
T5096	19854-19872	GO:0008283	denotes	Cell Proliferation
T5097	19913-19917	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cell
T5098	19913-19931	GO:0008283	denotes	cell proliferation
T5099	19948-19952	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T5100	19953-19954	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T5101	19955-19956	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T5102	19960-19966	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T5103	19981-19985	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T5104	19996-20014	GO_EXT:positive_regulator	denotes	positive regulator
T5105	20018-20022	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T5106	20023-20033	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T5107	20057-20061	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cell
T5108	20057-20075	GO:0008283	denotes	cell proliferation
T5109	20082-20088	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T5110	20125-20129	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T5111	20143-20156	GO:0008283	denotes	proliferation
T5112	20160-20164	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T5113	20169-20175	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T5114	20196-20203	GO:0007067	denotes	mitotic
T5115	20204-20208	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cell
T5116	20209-20215	CHEBI_SO_EXT:molecular_indicator_or_label_or_marker_or_tag	denotes	marker
T5117	20217-20231	GO_PATO_EXT:phosphorylation_process_or_quality	denotes	phosphorylated
T5118	20232-20239	CHEBI:15358	denotes	histone
T5119	20232-20242	PR_EXT:000027594	denotes	histone H3
T5120	20244-20257	GO:0008283	denotes	Proliferating
T5121	20258-20263	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cells
T5122	20332-20341	SO_EXT:wild_type_entity_or_quality	denotes	wild-type
T5123	20345-20351	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T5124	20374-20378	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cell
T5125	20374-20392	GO:0008283	denotes	cell proliferation
T5126	20411-20415	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T5127	20416-20420	SO:0000359	denotes	flox
T5128	20469-20473	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T5129	20481-20487	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T5130	20488-20501	GO:0008283	denotes	proliferation
T5131	20532-20538	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T5132	20634-20638	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T5133	20643-20647	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T5134	20703-20708	SO_EXT:0000704	denotes	genes
T5135	20743-20756	CL:0002371	denotes	somatic cells
T5136	20751-20756	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cells
T5137	20768-20780	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli cell
T5138	20776-20780	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cell
T5139	20799-20805	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T5533	20812-20816	PATO_UBERON_EXT:male_or_bearer_of_maleness	denotes	Male
T5534	20812-20824	GO:0046661	denotes	Male Pathway
T5535	20839-20843	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T5536	20844-20845	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T5537	20846-20847	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T5538	20848-20855	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli
T5539	20890-20894	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T5540	20908-20917	GO:0010467	denotes	expressed
T5541	20921-20925	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T5542	20926-20927	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T5543	20928-20929	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T5544	20930-20936	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T5545	20968-20973	SO_EXT:0000704	denotes	genes
T5546	20981-20985	PATO_UBERON_EXT:male_or_bearer_of_maleness	denotes	male
T5547	20981-20993	GO:0046661	denotes	male pathway
T5548	21025-21032	CHEBI_SO_EXT:molecular_indicator_or_label_or_marker_or_tag	denotes	markers
T5549	21037-21049	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli cell
T5550	21045-21049	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cell
T5551	21045-21065	GO:0030154	denotes	cell differentiation
T5552	21067-21089	PR_EXT:000000073	denotes	anti-Mullerian hormone
T5553	21082-21089	CHEBI_GO_EXT:hormone	denotes	hormone
T5554	21091-21094	PR_EXT:000000073	denotes	Amh
T5555	21106-21121	PR_EXT:000006459	denotes	Desert hedgehog
T5556	21123-21126	PR_EXT:000006459	denotes	Dhh
T5557	21137-21141	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T5558	21142-21143	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T5559	21144-21145	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T5560	21149-21155	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T5561	21182-21195	GO:0097617	denotes	hybridization
T5562	21197-21200	PR_EXT:000006459	denotes	Dhh
T5563	21211-21220	GO:0010467	denotes	expressed
T5564	21227-21236	SO_EXT:wild_type_entity_or_quality	denotes	wild-type
T5565	21254-21260	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T5566	21300-21304	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T5567	21305-21306	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T5568	21307-21308	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T5569	21312-21318	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T5570	21329-21340	UBERON:0000080	denotes	mesonephric
T5571	21341-21351	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T5572	21392-21395	PR_EXT:000000073	denotes	Amh
T5573	21415-21430	GO_EXT:transcription	denotes	transcriptional
T5574	21441-21445	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T5575	21516-21520	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T5576	21521-21522	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T5577	21523-21524	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T5578	21528-21534	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T5579	21587-21590	PR_EXT:000000073	denotes	Amh
T5580	21620-21630	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T5581	21634-21638	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T5582	21642-21646	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T5583	21647-21648	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T5584	21649-21650	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T5585	21651-21657	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T5586	21697-21700	PR_EXT:000000073	denotes	Amh
T5587	21754-21757	PR_EXT:000006459	denotes	Dhh
T5588	21781-21788	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli
T5589	22849-22861	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli cell
T5590	22857-22861	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cell
T5591	22905-22909	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T5592	22934-22937	PR_EXT:000015643	denotes	Sry
T5593	22942-22946	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T5594	22947-22957	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T5595	22961-22965	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T5596	22966-22967	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T5597	22968-22969	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T5598	22970-22976	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T5599	23019-23023	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T5600	23024-23034	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T5601	23041-23045	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T5602	23046-23047	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T5603	23048-23049	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T5604	23050-23056	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T5605	23108-23115	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli
T5606	23116-23123	CHEBI_SO_EXT:molecular_indicator_or_label_or_marker_or_tag	denotes	markers
T5607	23231-23235	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cell
T5608	23231-23241	GO:0008219	denotes	cell death
T5609	23263-23267	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T5610	23268-23269	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T5611	23270-23271	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T5612	23272-23278	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T5613	23313-23317	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T5614	23318-23328	GO:0010467	denotes	expressing
T5615	23329-23334	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cells
T5616	23378-23394	PR:000026878	denotes	active caspase-3
T5617	23399-23408	GO_PATO_EXT:apoptotic_process_or_quality	denotes	apoptotic
T5618	23399-23413	CL:0000445	denotes	apoptotic cell
T5619	23409-23413	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cell
T5620	23414-23420	CHEBI_SO_EXT:molecular_indicator_or_label_or_marker_or_tag	denotes	marker
T5621	23422-23431	GO_PATO_EXT:apoptotic_process_or_quality	denotes	Apoptotic
T5622	23422-23437	CL:0000445	denotes	Apoptotic cells
T5623	23432-23437	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cells
T5624	23459-23463	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T5625	23464-23465	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T5626	23466-23467	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T5627	23468-23474	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T5628	23523-23527	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T5629	23528-23529	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T5630	23530-23531	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T5631	23566-23570	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cell
T5633	23580-23599	UBERON:0000083	denotes	mesonephric tubules
T5634	23580-23591	_FRAGMENT	denotes	mesonephric
T5635	23604-23609	UBERON:0003074	denotes	ducts
T5636	23627-23631	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T5637	23632-23642	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T5638	23702-23706	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T5639	23707-23717	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T5640	23721-23725	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T5641	23726-23727	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T5642	23728-23729	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T5643	23733-23739	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T5644	23758-23762	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cell
T5645	23758-23768	GO:0008219	denotes	cell death
T5646	23794-23798	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T5647	23799-23803	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T5648	23817-23827	GO:0065007	denotes	regulation
T5649	23870-23874	PATO_UBERON_EXT:male_or_bearer_of_maleness	denotes	male
T5650	23870-23882	GO:0046661	denotes	male pathway
T5651	23886-23890	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T5652	23891-23892	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T5653	23893-23894	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T5654	23895-23902	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli
T5655	23952-23968	CL:0000630	denotes	supporting cells
T5656	23963-23968	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cells
T5657	23974-23978	PATO_UBERON_EXT:male_or_bearer_of_maleness	denotes	male
T5658	23974-23978	_FRAGMENT	denotes	male
T5659	23989-24004	GO:0046661	denotes	differentiation
T5660	23982-23988	PATO_UBERON_EXT:female_or_bearer_of_femaleness	denotes	female
T5661	23982-24004	GO:0046660	denotes	female differentiation
T5662	24022-24032	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T5663	24036-24040	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T5664	24045-24050	UBERON:0000992	denotes	ovary
T5665	24061-24065	SO_EXT:0000704	denotes	gene
T5666	24079-24083	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T5667	24088-24100	GO_EXT:positive_regulation	denotes	up-regulated
T5668	24107-24111	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T5669	24112-24113	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T5670	24114-24115	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T5671	24130-24134	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T5672	24135-24136	SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present	denotes	+
T5673	24137-24138	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T5674	24139-24144	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T5675	24198-24202	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T5676	24224-24239	GO_EXT:negative_regulation	denotes	down-regulation
T5677	24243-24247	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T5678	24251-24266	GO_RO_EXT:developmental_differentiation_process	denotes	differentiating
T5679	24270-24276	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T6388	16-20	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	t as
T6389	24316-24320	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T6390	24375-24379	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T6391	24391-24395	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T6392	24396-24397	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T6393	24398-24399	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T6394	24403-24409	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T6395	24420-24427	SO_EXT:0000704	denotes	genetic
T6396	24460-24464	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T6397	24469-24473	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T6398	24483-24486	PR_EXT:000015643	denotes	SRY
T6399	24491-24495	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T6400	24510-24519	GO:0010467	denotes	expressed
T6401	24523-24527	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T6402	24528-24529	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T6403	24530-24531	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T6404	24535-24541	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T6405	24585-24598	GO_EXT:negative_regulation	denotes	down-regulate
T6406	24599-24603	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T6407	24631-24635	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T6408	24642-24655	GO_EXT:negative_regulation	denotes	down-regulate
T6409	24656-24666	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T6410	24670-24674	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T6411	24695-24700	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T6412	24701-24712	UBERON:0000080	denotes	mesonephros
T6413	24737-24741	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T6414	24742-24749	CHEBI_PR_EXT:protein	denotes	protein
T6415	24764-24768	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T6416	24769-24779	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T6417	24803-24816	GO:0097617	denotes	hybridization
T6418	24834-24840	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T6419	24856-24860	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T6420	24883-24893	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T6421	24897-24901	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T6422	24951-24955	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T6423	24969-24972	PR_EXT:000015643	denotes	Sry
T6424	24976-24980	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T6425	24995-25008	GO_EXT:negative_regulation	denotes	down-regulate
T6426	25009-25013	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T6427	25017-25026	SO_EXT:wild_type_entity_or_quality	denotes	wild-type
T6428	25030-25036	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T6429	25628-25632	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T6430	25637-25641	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	WNT4
T6431	25700-25704	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T6432	25725-25730	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T6433	25755-25759	PATO_UBERON_EXT:male_or_bearer_of_maleness	denotes	male
T6434	25791-25795	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T6435	25826-25830	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T6436	25831-25832	SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present	denotes	+
T6437	25833-25834	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T6438	25839-25843	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T6439	25844-25845	SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present	denotes	+
T6440	25846-25847	SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present	denotes	+
T6441	25848-25854	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T6442	25895-25899	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T6443	25923-25927	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T6444	25928-25938	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T6445	25971-25975	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T6446	25984-25988	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T6447	25989-26002	GO_EXT:positive_regulation	denotes	up-regulation
T6448	26009-26013	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T6449	26014-26015	SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present	denotes	+
T6450	26016-26017	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T6451	26018-26024	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T6452	26037-26041	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T6453	26042-26043	SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present	denotes	+
T6454	26044-26045	SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present	denotes	+
T6455	26049-26055	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T6456	26122-26126	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	WNT4
T6457	26131-26135	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T6458	26288-26292	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T6459	26326-26330	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T6460	26358-26366	GO:0042571	denotes	antibody
T6461	26375-26379	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T6462	26395-26399	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T6463	26404-26413	GO:0010467	denotes	expressed
T6464	26417-26421	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T6465	26422-26423	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T6466	26424-26425	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T6467	26429-26435	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T6468	26447-26451	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T6469	26452-26453	SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present	denotes	+
T6470	26454-26455	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T6471	26516-26520	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T6472	26533-26547	GO_EXT:negative_regulation	denotes	down-regulated
T6473	26551-26555	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	WNT4
T6474	26562-26568	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T6475	27285-27289	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T6476	27293-27311	GO_EXT:positive_regulator	denotes	positive regulator
T6477	27315-27319	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T6478	27342-27346	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T6479	27347-27348	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T6480	27349-27350	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T6481	27351-27357	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T6482	27376-27386	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T6483	27390-27394	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T6484	27418-27422	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T6485	27423-27424	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T6486	27425-27426	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T6487	27427-27433	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T6488	27455-27463	GO:0042571	denotes	antibody
T6489	27472-27476	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T6490	27491-27501	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T6491	27516-27528	GO_EXT:positive_regulation	denotes	up-regulated
T6492	27532-27536	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T6493	27537-27538	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T6494	27539-27540	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T6495	27544-27550	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T6496	27608-27622	GO_EXT:negative_regulation	denotes	down-regulated
T6497	27709-27713	CHEBI_SO_EXT:mRNA	denotes	mRNA
T6498	27722-27735	GO:0097617	denotes	hybridization
T6499	27757-27761	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T6500	27762-27773	SO_EXT:0000673	denotes	transcripts
T6501	27786-27790	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T6502	27791-27792	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T6503	27793-27794	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T6504	27798-27804	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T6505	27819-27823	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T6506	27824-27825	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T6507	27826-27827	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T6508	27831-27837	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T6509	27886-27892	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T6510	27927-27939	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli cell
T6511	27935-27939	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cell
T6512	27935-27955	GO:0030154	denotes	cell differentiation
T6513	27960-27971	UBERON:0005297	denotes	testis cord
T6514	28032-28045	GO_EXT:positive_regulation	denotes	up-regulation
T6515	28049-28053	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T6516	28092-28095	PR_EXT:000015643	denotes	Sry
T6517	28139-28143	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T6518	28148-28161	GO_EXT:positive_regulation	denotes	up-regulating
T6519	28162-28166	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T6520	28199-28216	GO:0007530	denotes	sex determination
T7607	28330-28335	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cells
T7608	28345-28359	GO_PATO_RO_EXT:developmental_differentiation_process_or_quality	denotes	differentiated
T7609	28360-28365	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T7610	28387-28402	CL:0000630	denotes	supporting cell
T7611	28398-28402	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cell
T7612	28438-28446	UBERON_EXT:follicle	denotes	follicle
T7614	28447-28452	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cells
T7615	28456-28469	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli cells
T7616	28464-28469	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cells
T7617	28474-28478	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T7618	28479-28480	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T7619	28481-28482	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T7620	28486-28492	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T7621	28494-28499	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cells
T7622	28524-28531	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli
T7623	28563-28567	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T7624	28589-28593	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T7625	28594-28604	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T7626	28630-28634	PATO_UBERON_EXT:male_or_bearer_of_maleness	denotes	male
T7627	28630-28643	GO:0046661	denotes	male pathways
T7628	28657-28670	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli cells
T7629	28665-28670	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cells
T7630	28677-28681	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T7631	28682-28683	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T7632	28684-28685	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T7633	28686-28692	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T7634	28707-28711	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cell
T7635	28707-28717	GO:0008219	denotes	cell death
T7636	28750-28765	CL:0000630	denotes	supporting cell
T7637	28761-28765	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cell
T7638	28774-28778	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T7639	28779-28789	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T7640	28862-28866	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T7641	28868-28872	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	WNT4
T7642	28897-28903	GO:0065007	denotes	govern
T7643	28904-28916	CL:0002371	denotes	somatic cell
T7644	28912-28916	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cell
T7645	28929-28936	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonadal
T7646	28937-28942	UBERON:0007688	denotes	field
T7647	28948-28958	NCBITaxon:7215	denotes	Drosophila
T7648	28959-28966	UBERON:3011048	denotes	genital
T7649	28982-28987	UBERON:0007688	denotes	field
T7650	28991-28996	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cells
T7651	29109-29113	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cell
T7652	29121-29128	UBERON:3011048	denotes	genital
T7653	29148-29152	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cell
T7654	29164-29171	GO:0065007	denotes	control
T7655	29175-29185	PR_EXT:P23023	denotes	double sex
T7656	29187-29190	PR_EXT:P23023	denotes	dsx
T7657	29201-29210	GO_EXT:regulator	denotes	regulator
T7658	29218-29235	GO:0007530	denotes	sex determination
T7659	29289-29296	SO_EXT:0000704	denotes	genetic
T7660	29308-29313	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cells
T7661	29395-29400	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cells
T7662	29414-29422	GO:0065007	denotes	regulate
T7663	29501-29514	_FRAGMENT	denotes	regulation of
T7664	29529-29570	GO:0017015	denotes	transforming growth factor beta signaling
T7665	29501-29518	_FRAGMENT	denotes	regulation of WNT
T7666	29561-29570	GO:0030111	denotes	signaling
T7667	29520-29523	_FRAGMENT	denotes	FGF
T7668	29561-29570	GO:0040036	denotes	signaling
T7669	29529-29560	PR_EXT:000000046	denotes	transforming growth factor beta
T7670	29542-29555	GO_EXT:0008083	denotes	growth factor
T7671	29586-29594	GO:0065007	denotes	regulate
T7672	29599-29605	GO_EXT:biological_growth_entity_or_process	denotes	growth
T7673	29607-29611	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cell
T7674	29607-29627	GO:0030154	denotes	cell differentiation
T7675	29633-29646	GO:0009653	denotes	morphogenesis
T7676	29683-29693	GO:0065007	denotes	regulation
T7677	29697-29702	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T7678	29697-29716	GO:0008406	denotes	gonad organogenesis
T7679	29720-29731	NCBITaxon:7742	denotes	vertebrates
T7680	29774-29779	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cells
T7681	29784-29788	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cell
T7682	29820-29835	GO:0007530	denotes	sex-determining
T7683	29857-29873	_FRAGMENT	denotes	establishment of
T7684	29878-29882	_FRAGMENT	denotes	male
T7685	29893-29900	GO:0030238	denotes	program
T7686	29886-29900	GO:0030237	denotes	female program
T7687	29878-29882	PATO_UBERON_EXT:male_or_bearer_of_maleness	denotes	male
T7688	29886-29892	PATO_UBERON_EXT:female_or_bearer_of_femaleness	denotes	female
T7689	29924-29928	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cell
T7690	29960-29978	GO_EXT:cell_communication_or_signaling_or_signal_transduction	denotes	signaling pathways
T7691	30029-30035	GO_EXT:biological_growth_entity_or_process	denotes	growth
T7692	30037-30041	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cell
T7693	30037-30057	GO:0030154	denotes	cell differentiation
T7694	30062-30075	GO:0009653	denotes	morphogenesis
T7695	30083-30088	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T7696	30112-30116	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cell
T7697	30136-30140	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cell
T7698	30168-30177	NCBITaxon:40674	denotes	mammalian
T7699	30178-30183	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T7700	30241-30246	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cells
T7701	30254-30263	GO_EXT:biological_recruitment	denotes	recruited
T7702	30271-30278	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli
T7703	30308-30312	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cell
T7704	30324-30333	GO_EXT:cell_communication_or_signaling_or_signal_transduction	denotes	signaling
T7705	30429-30438	GO:0038001	denotes	paracrine
T7706	30472-30502	GO:0060009	denotes	establishment of Sertoli cells
T7707	30489-30502	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli cells
T7708	30497-30502	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cells
T7709	30553-30557	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T7710	30569-30573	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T7711	30603-30608	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cells
T7712	30647-30651	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T7713	30694-30699	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T7714	30734-30738	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T7715	30772-30776	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T7716	30795-30799	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cell
T7717	30824-30831	GO_EXT:biological_recruitment	denotes	recruit
T7718	30835-30840	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cells
T7719	30848-30855	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli
T7720	30867-30880	GO_EXT:positive_regulation	denotes	up-regulating
T7721	30881-30885	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T7722	30913-30916	PR_EXT:000015643	denotes	Sry
T7723	30931-30942	GO_EXT:positive_regulation	denotes	up-regulate
T7724	30943-30947	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T7725	30966-30970	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T7726	30988-30992	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T7727	31034-31038	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T7728	31058-31062	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cell
T7729	31058-31076	GO:0008283	denotes	cell proliferation
T7730	31103-31110	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli
T7731	31164-31168	PATO_UBERON_EXT:male_or_bearer_of_maleness	denotes	male
T7732	31164-31176	GO:0046661	denotes	male pathway
T7733	31267-31273	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T7734	31287-31300	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli cells
T7735	31295-31300	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cells
T7736	31309-31313	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T7737	31323-31336	GO:0008283	denotes	proliferation
T7738	31340-31347	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli
T7739	31409-31413	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T7740	31428-31432	PATO_UBERON_EXT:male_or_bearer_of_maleness	denotes	male
T7741	31433-31442	GO:0038001	denotes	paracrine
T7742	31525-31529	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	WNT4
T7743	31573-31577	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cell
T7744	31573-31591	GO:0008283	denotes	cell proliferation
T7745	31621-31637	_FRAGMENT	denotes	establishment of
T7746	31642-31654	GO:0030238	denotes	male pathway
T7747	31642-31646	PATO_UBERON_EXT:male_or_bearer_of_maleness	denotes	male
T7748	31666-31673	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli
T7749	31749-31759	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T7750	31763-31767	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T7751	31771-31776	NCBITaxon_UBERON_EXT:chick	denotes	chick
T7752	31777-31800	UBERON:0004208	denotes	nephrogenous mesenchyme
T7753	31825-31832	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonadal
T7754	31833-31839	CHEBI_SO_EXT:molecular_indicator_or_label_or_marker_or_tag	denotes	marker
T7755	31840-31844	SO_EXT:0000704	denotes	gene
T7756	31840-31855	GO:0010467	denotes	gene expression
T7757	31869-31873	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T7758	31877-31884	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonadal
T7759	31885-31889	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cell
T7760	31885-31903	GO:0008283	denotes	cell proliferation
T7761	31911-31918	NCBITaxon:species	denotes	species
T7762	31947-31951	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T7763	31962-31966	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	WNT4
T7764	31979-31989	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T7765	32039-32043	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T7766	32044-32051	CHEBI_PR_EXT:protein	denotes	protein
T7767	32058-32063	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T7768	32095-32105	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T7769	32109-32113	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T7770	32115-32130	GO_EXT:negative_regulation	denotes	Down-regulation
T7771	32134-32138	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T7772	32168-32172	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T7773	32177-32181	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T7774	32189-32201	GO_EXT:positive_regulation	denotes	up-regulated
T7775	32253-32256	PR_EXT:000015643	denotes	SRY
T7776	32261-32265	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T7777	32280-32289	GO:0010467	denotes	expressed
T7778	32293-32297	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T7779	32298-32299	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T7780	32300-32301	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T7781	32305-32311	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T7782	32313-32317	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T7783	32325-32339	GO_EXT:negative_regulation	denotes	down-regulated
T7784	32358-32362	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T7785	32414-32418	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T7786	32431-32441	CHEBI_GO_EXT:antagonist	denotes	antagonist
T7787	32445-32449	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T7788	32523-32538	GO_EXT:transcription	denotes	transcriptional
T7789	32539-32554	GO_EXT:negative_regulation	denotes	down-regulation
T7790	32558-32562	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T7791	32628-32641	GO:0005622	denotes	intracellular
T7792	32633-32641	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cellular
T7793	32667-32671	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T7794	32672-32682	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T7795	32696-32707	CL:0000138	denotes	chondrocyte
T7796	32708-32723	GO_RO_EXT:developmental_differentiation_process	denotes	differentiation
T7797	32751-32764	GO:0005622	denotes	intracellular
T7798	32756-32764	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cellular
T7799	32765-32783	GO_EXT:0004871	denotes	signal transducers
T7800	32907-32911	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T7801	32928-32932	PATO_UBERON_EXT:male_or_bearer_of_maleness	denotes	male
T7802	32928-32940	GO:0046661	denotes	male pathway
T7803	32968-32972	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T7804	32984-32997	GO_EXT:positive_regulation	denotes	up-regulation
T7805	33006-33010	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T7806	33015-33019	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T7807	33026-33032	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T7808	33039-33042	PR_EXT:000015643	denotes	Sry
T7809	33074-33078	PATO_UBERON_EXT:male_or_bearer_of_maleness	denotes	male
T7810	33074-33086	GO:0046661	denotes	male pathway
T7811	33138-33142	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T7812	33147-33151	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T7813	33202-33212	NCBITaxon:7742	denotes	vertebrate
T7814	33213-33230	GO:0007530	denotes	sex-determination
T7815	33248-33251	PR_EXT:000015643	denotes	Sry
T7816	33263-33278	GO:0007530	denotes	sex determining
T7817	33296-33309	GO_EXT:positive_regulation	denotes	up-regulation
T7818	33313-33317	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T7819	33349-33355	UBERON:0000473	denotes	testis
T7820	33349-33367	GO:0008584	denotes	testis development
T7821	33376-33382	SO_EXT:sequence_altered_entity	denotes	mutant
T7822	33430-33437	SO_EXT:sequence_altered_entity	denotes	mutants
T7823	33444-33448	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T7824	33455-33464	GO:0010467	denotes	expressed
T7825	33475-33480	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T7826	33508-33518	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T7827	33526-33530	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T7828	33531-33541	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T7829	33592-33602	GO:0065007	denotes	regulatory
T7830	33592-33612	SO_EXT:0005836	denotes	regulatory sequences
T7831	33657-33666	GO_EXT:cell_communication_or_signaling_or_signal_transduction	denotes	signaling
T7832	33679-33683	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T7911	35859-35870	UBERON:0000080	denotes	mesonephric
T7833	33684-33691	SO_EXT:sequence_altered_entity	denotes	mutants
T7834	33693-33697	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T7835	33698-33708	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T7836	33765-33769	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T7837	33770-33771	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T7838	33772-33773	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T7839	33777-33782	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T7840	33860-33864	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T7841	33865-33869	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T7842	33870-33880	GO:0010467	denotes	expressing
T7843	33968-33972	PATO_UBERON_EXT:male_or_bearer_of_maleness	denotes	male
T7844	34011-34014	PR_EXT:000015643	denotes	Sry
T7845	34042-34046	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T7846	34047-34057	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T7847	34072-34079	CHEMINF_GO_EXT:chemical_binding_or_bond_formation	denotes	binding
T7848	34080-34088	CHEBI_PR_EXT:protein	denotes	proteins
T7849	34096-34116	GO:0031012	denotes	extracellular matrix
T7850	34101-34109	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cellular
T7851	34120-34133	GO_PR_EXT:fibroblast_growth_factor_receptor	denotes	FGF receptors
T7852	34180-34186	PATO_UBERON_EXT:female_or_bearer_of_femaleness	denotes	female
T7853	34241-34245	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T7854	34246-34256	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T7855	34307-34316	GO:0010467	denotes	expressed
T7856	34327-34332	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T7857	34408-34412	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T7858	34442-34446	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	WNT4
T7859	34447-34456	GO_EXT:cell_communication_or_signaling_or_signal_transduction	denotes	signaling
T7860	34493-34497	PATO_UBERON_EXT:male_or_bearer_of_maleness	denotes	male
T7861	34493-34505	GO:0046661	denotes	male pathway
T7862	34530-34546	_FRAGMENT	denotes	up-regulation of
T7863	34552-34562	GO:0010628	denotes	expression
T7864	34547-34551	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T7865	34580-34591	SO_EXT:sequence_duplication_entity_or_process	denotes	duplication
T7866	34599-34608	_FRAGMENT	denotes	region of
T7867	34615-34625	GO_SO_EXT:chromosomal_part_or_position_or_region_or_site	denotes	Chromosome
T7868	34609-34614	NCBITaxon:9606	denotes	human
T7869	34644-34648	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	WNT4
T7870	34794-34801	GO:0010467	denotes	express
T7871	34802-34806	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T7872	34813-34819	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T7874	34900-34904	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cell
T7875	34900-34920	GO:0030154	denotes	cell differentiation
T7876	34948-34952	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	WNT4
T7877	34953-34960	CHEBI_PR_EXT:protein	denotes	protein
T7878	35007-35017	SO_EXT:transgenic_entity	denotes	transgenic
T7879	35018-35022	NCBITaxon:10088	denotes	mice
T7880	35050-35059	GO:0010467	denotes	expressed
T7881	35073-35078	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cells
T7882	35191-35195	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T7883	35196-35197	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T7884	35198-35199	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T7885	35203-35210	SO_EXT:sequence_altered_entity	denotes	mutants
T7886	35237-35243	PATO_UBERON_EXT:female_or_bearer_of_femaleness	denotes	female
T7887	35285-35293	GO:0065007	denotes	controls
T7888	35294-35311	GO:0007530	denotes	sex determination
T7889	35315-35327	CHEBI_GO_EXT:biological_process_or_quality_or_role	denotes	biologically
T7890	35337-35340	PR_EXT:000015643	denotes	Sry
T7891	35362-35371	NCBITaxon:40674	denotes	mammalian
T7892	35403-35412	GO_EXT:cell_communication_or_signaling_or_signal_transduction	denotes	signaling
T7893	35446-35455	SO_EXT:biological_conservation_process_or_quality	denotes	conserved
T7894	35484-35489	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T7895	35498-35508	UBERON:0000473	denotes	testicular
T7896	35513-35520	UBERON:0000992	denotes	ovarian
T7897	35530-35541	NCBITaxon:7742	denotes	vertebrates
T7898	35558-35565	SO_EXT:0000704	denotes	genetic
T7899	35621-35625	PATO_UBERON_EXT:male_or_bearer_of_maleness	denotes	male
T7900	35621-35633	GO:0046661	denotes	male pathway
T7901	35673-35678	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cells
T7902	35686-35695	NCBITaxon:40674	denotes	mammalian
T7903	35696-35701	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T7904	35737-35741	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cell
T7905	35767-35785	GO_EXT:cell_communication_or_signaling_or_signal_transduction	denotes	signaling pathways
T7906	35787-35791	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T7907	35793-35802	GO:0010467	denotes	expressed
T7908	35812-35820	UBERON:0011997	denotes	coelomic
T7909	35834-35838	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T7910	35840-35849	GO:0010467	denotes	expressed
T7912	35894-35903	NCBITaxon:40674	denotes	mammalian
T7913	35907-35913	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T7914	35928-35931	PR_EXT:000015643	denotes	Sry
T7915	35932-35942	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T7916	35957-35961	PATO_UBERON_EXT:male_or_bearer_of_maleness	denotes	male
T7917	35957-35969	GO:0046661	denotes	male pathway
T7918	35973-35986	GO_EXT:positive_regulation	denotes	up-regulating
T7919	35987-35991	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T7920	35993-35997	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T7921	35998-36010	GO_EXT:positive_regulation	denotes	up-regulates
T7922	36011-36015	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T7923	36035-36039	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T7924	36040-36044	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T7925	36080-36093	_FRAGMENT	denotes	commitment to
T7926	36098-36110	GO:0030238	denotes	male pathway
T7927	36098-36102	PATO_UBERON_EXT:male_or_bearer_of_maleness	denotes	male
T7928	36118-36124	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T7929	36131-36137	SO_EXT:sequence_altered_entity_or_alteration_process	denotes	mutant
T7930	36138-36144	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T7931	36153-36156	PR_EXT:000015643	denotes	Sry
T7932	36158-36162	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T7933	36167-36171	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T7934	36177-36181	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T7935	36182-36186	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T7936	36229-36233	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	WNT4
T7937	36240-36247	GO:0065007	denotes	control
T7938	36255-36262	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonadal
T7939	36263-36268	UBERON:0007688	denotes	field
T7940	36290-36305	GO_EXT:negative_regulation	denotes	down-regulation
T7941	36309-36313	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T7942	36318-36322	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T7943	36351-36364	_FRAGMENT	denotes	commitment to
T7944	36369-36383	GO:0030237	denotes	female pathway
T7945	36369-36375	PATO_UBERON_EXT:female_or_bearer_of_femaleness	denotes	female
T7946	36436-36445	CHEBI_EXT:polyatomic_entity_or_group	denotes	molecular
T7947	36459-36463	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T7948	36468-36472	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	WNT4
T7949	36580-36598	GO_EXT:cell_communication_or_signaling_or_signal_transduction	denotes	signaling pathways
T7950	36602-36612	GO:0065007	denotes	regulating
T7951	36613-36623	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T7952	36631-36637	UBERON:0000473	denotes	testis
T7953	36657-36661	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T9887	38429-38442	GO:0097617	denotes	hybridization
T9888	38476-38489	GO:0097617	denotes	hybridization
T9889	38507-38523	CHEBI_EXT:paraformaldehye	denotes	paraformaldehyde
T9890	38597-38610	GO:0097617	denotes	hybridization
T9891	38656-38662	CHEBI_SO_EXT:molecular_probe	denotes	Probes
T9892	38680-38693	GO:0097617	denotes	hybridization
T9893	38700-38703	PR_EXT:000000073	denotes	Amh
T9894	38711-38714	PR_EXT:000006459	denotes	Dhh
T9895	38722-38726	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T9896	38737-38741	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T9897	38749-38760	CHEBI:42098	denotes	Digoxigenin
T9898	38761-38768	CHEBI_SO_EXT:molecular_label_or_mark_or_tag_process	denotes	labeled
T9899	38769-38775	CHEBI_SO_EXT:molecular_probe	denotes	probes
T9900	38843-38853	GO:0042571	denotes	Antibodies
T9901	38900-38905	NCBITaxon:10088	denotes	mouse
T9902	38922-38927	PR_EXT:000010812	denotes	N-MYC
T9903	38929-38933	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	Cell
T9904	38934-38943	GO_EXT:cell_communication_or_signaling_or_signal_transduction	denotes	Signaling
T9905	39003-39009	NCBITaxon:9986	denotes	rabbit
T9906	39015-39019	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T9907	39050-39053	NCBITaxon:10114	denotes	rat
T9908	39059-39064	PR_EXT:000001904	denotes	PECAM
T9909	39124-39130	NCBITaxon:9986	denotes	rabbit
T9910	39136-39145	PR_EXT:000002312	denotes	caspase-3
T9911	39221-39227	NCBITaxon:9986	denotes	rabbit
T9912	39233-39247	GO_PATO_EXT:phosphorylation_process_or_quality	denotes	phosphorylated
T9913	39248-39255	CHEBI:15358	denotes	histone
T9914	39248-39258	PR_EXT:000027594	denotes	histone H3
T9915	39260-39264	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	Cell
T9916	39265-39274	GO_EXT:cell_communication_or_signaling_or_signal_transduction	denotes	Signaling
T9917	39284-39292	GO:0042571	denotes	Antibody
T9918	39293-39300	CHEMINF_GO_EXT:bearer_of_chemical_binding_or_bond_formation	denotes	binding
T9919	39320-39331	CHEBI_EXT:51217	denotes	fluorophore
T9920	39332-39342	MOP:0000779	denotes	conjugated
T9921	39353-39363	GO:0042571	denotes	antibodies
T9922	39450-39454	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T9923	39471-39477	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T9924	39516-39522	NCBITaxon:9986	denotes	rabbit
T9925	39528-39533	NCBITaxon:10088	denotes	mouse
T9926	39534-39538	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T9927	39540-39544	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	Cell
T9928	39569-39575	NCBITaxon:9986	denotes	rabbit
T9929	39576-39579	GO:0071735	denotes	IgG
T9930	39580-39590	MOP:0000779	denotes	conjugated
T9931	39596-39606	GO_EXT:0004601	denotes	peroxidase
T9932	39617-39625	GO:0042571	denotes	antibody
T9933	39677-39680	CHEBI:37987	denotes	Cy3
T9934	39681-39692	CHEBI_EXT:51217	denotes	fluorophore
T9935	39694-39703	CHEBI_EXT:polyatomic_entity_or_group	denotes	Molecular
T9936	39704-39710	CHEBI_SO_EXT:molecular_probe	denotes	Probes
T9937	39749-39757	GO:0042571	denotes	antibody
T9938	39773-39777	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T9939	39790-39795	UBERON:0000992	denotes	ovary
T9940	39799-39803	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T9941	39804-39805	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T9942	39806-39807	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T9943	39808-39812	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness	denotes	null
T9944	39813-39819	SO_EXT:sequence_altered_entity_or_alteration_process	denotes	mutant
T9945	39820-39826	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T10295	39931-39938	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonadal
T10296	39939-39943	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cell
T10297	39962-39969	UBERON:0000922	denotes	embryos
T10298	39994-39998	NCBITaxon:10088	denotes	mice
T10299	40035-40042	UBERON:0000305	denotes	amnions
T10300	40069-40083	UBERON:0005294	denotes	genital ridges
T10301	40103-40109	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T10302	40130-40141	UBERON:0000080	denotes	mesonephroi
T10303	40147-40153	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T10304	40197-40204	PR_EXT:000027795	denotes	trypsin
T10305	40221-40227	CHEBI_CHMO_EXT:buffer_solution	denotes	buffer
T10306	40270-40275	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cells
T10307	40384-40404	GO:0031012	denotes	extracellular matrix
T10308	40389-40397	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cellular
T10309	40460-40466	NCBITaxon:27592	denotes	bovine
T10310	40467-40472	UBERON:0001977	denotes	serum
T10311	40480-40491	CHEBI_EXT:33282	denotes	antibiotics
T10312	40492-40504	CHEBI_EXT:35718	denotes	antimycotics
T10313	40518-40522	CHEBI:16526	denotes	CO 2
T10314	40554-40558	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T10315	40707-40712	CL_GO_EXT:cell	denotes	cells
T10316	40746-40750	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T10317	40760-40769	CHEBI_EXT:polyatomic_entity_or_group	denotes	Molecular
T10318	40770-40776	CHEBI_SO_EXT:molecular_probe	denotes	Probes
T10319	40791-40798	GO:0005634	denotes	nuclear
T9597	37640-37647	NCBITaxon:33208	denotes	Animals
T9598	37668-37672	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T9599	37673-37681	SO_EXT:sequence_alteration_entity_or_process	denotes	mutation
T9600	37767-37771	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T9601	37772-37773	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T9602	37774-37775	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T9603	37787-37790	PR_EXT:000015643	denotes	Sry
T9604	37796-37800	NCBITaxon:10088	denotes	mice
T9605	37959-37963	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T9606	37964-37965	SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present	denotes	+
T9607	37966-37967	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T9608	38042-38046	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T9609	38047-38048	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T9610	38049-38050	SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence	denotes	−
T9611	38091-38094	PR_EXT:000015643	denotes	Sry
T9612	38095-38098	PR_EXT:000000020	denotes	Myc
T9613	38099-38103	NCBITaxon:10088	denotes	mice
T9614	38145-38149	PR_EXT:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T9615	38181-38187	SO_EXT:sequence_altered_entity_or_alteration_process	denotes	Mutant
T9616	38188-38195	UBERON:0000922	denotes	embryos
T9617	38220-38232	GO:0000806	denotes	Y chromosome
T9618	38222-38232	GO_SO_EXT:chromosome	denotes	chromosome
T9619	38242-38249	SO_EXT:0000112	denotes	primers
T9620	38300-38304	NCBITaxon:10088	denotes	Mice
T9621	38324-38328	PR_EXT:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T9622	38329-38337	SO_EXT:sequence_deletion_entity_or_process	denotes	deletion
T9623	38379-38383	SO_EXT:0000704	denotes	gene
T9624	38384-38392	SO_EXT:sequence_deletion_entity_or_process	denotes	deletion
T10293	39923-39930	_FRAGMENT	denotes	Primary
T10294	39939-39943	CL:0000001	denotes	cell
T10529	40862-40867	UBERON:0000991	denotes	Gonad
T10530	40885-40890	UBERON:0000991	denotes	Gonad
T10531	40891-40902	UBERON:0000080	denotes	mesonephros
T10532	40990-40994	CHEBI:16526	denotes	CO 2
T10533	41019-41023	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T10534	41044-41048	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T10535	41111-41115	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T10536	41157-41162	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T10537	41179-41186	CHEBI:28304	denotes	heparin
T10538	41187-41194	CHEBI:2511	denotes	agarose
T10539	41272-41276	PR_EXT:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T5632	23566-23576	GO:0008219	denotes	cell death
T1126	6563-6570	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli
T7613	28438-28452	CL:0000477	denotes	follicle cells
T7873	34892-34904	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli cell
R258	T886	T885	_lexicallyChainedTo	organs,development of
R259	T896	T895	_lexicallyChainedTo	gonad,development of
R260	T906	T905	_lexicallyChainedTo	cells,population of
R261	T907	T905	_lexicallyChainedTo	cells,population of
R262	T924	T923	_lexicallyChainedTo	chromosome,region on
R263	T956	T955	_lexicallyChainedTo	of cells,proliferation
R264	T1102	T1101	_lexicallyChainedTo	cells,differentiation of
R1657	T3017	T3016	_lexicallyChainedTo	nucleus,import into
R1944	T3535	T3534	_lexicallyChainedTo	expression,up-regulation of
R3159	T5635	T5634	_lexicallyChainedTo	ducts,mesonephric
R3160	T5659	T5658	_lexicallyChainedTo	differentiation,male
R4234	T7664	T7663	_lexicallyChainedTo	transforming growth factor beta signaling,regulation of
R4235	T7666	T7665	_lexicallyChainedTo	signaling,regulation of WNT
R4236	T7667	T7663	_lexicallyChainedTo	FGF,regulation of
R4237	T7668	T7667	_lexicallyChainedTo	signaling,FGF
R4238	T7684	T7683	_lexicallyChainedTo	male,establishment of
R4239	T7685	T7684	_lexicallyChainedTo	program,male
R4240	T7686	T7683	_lexicallyChainedTo	female program,establishment of
R4241	T7746	T7745	_lexicallyChainedTo	male pathway,establishment of
R4242	T7863	T7862	_lexicallyChainedTo	expression,up-regulation of
R4243	T7867	T7866	_lexicallyChainedTo	Chromosome,region of
R4244	T7926	T7925	_lexicallyChainedTo	male pathway,commitment to
R4245	T7944	T7943	_lexicallyChainedTo	female pathway,commitment to
R6204	T10294	T10293	_lexicallyChainedTo	cell,Primary

craft-ca-core-dev

Below, discontinuous spans are shown in the chain model. You can change it to the bag model.

Id	Subject	Object	Predicate	Lexical cue
T75	457-461	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T57	9-13	PR:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T58	45-53	GO:0065007	denotes	Regulate
T59	54-63	NCBITaxon:40674	denotes	Mammalian
T60	64-81	GO:0007530	denotes	Sex Determination
T61	138-143	SO:0000704	denotes	genes
T62	168-172	UBERON:0000023	denotes	wing
T63	168-176	PR:P09615	denotes	wingless
T64	185-189	NCBITaxon:11757	denotes	MMTV
T65	190-206	SO:0000366	denotes	integration site
T66	217-227	CL:0000057	denotes	fibroblast
T67	276-289	GO:0009653	denotes	morphogenesis
T68	319-325	UBERON:0007688	denotes	fields
T69	362-367	NCBITaxon:10088	denotes	mouse
T70	369-373	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T71	378-382	PR:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T72	387-396	GO:0010467	denotes	expressed
T73	400-406	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T74	430-447	GO:0007530	denotes	sex determination
T76	504-508	PR:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T77	528-534	UBERON:0000473	denotes	testis
T78	528-546	GO:0008584	denotes	testis development
T79	553-559	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T80	617-637	GO:0030238	denotes	male sex-determining
T81	638-642	SO:0000704	denotes	gene
T82	644-647	PR:000015643	denotes	Sry
T83	722-732	CL:0000057	denotes	fibroblast
T84	722-748	PR:000007500	denotes	fibroblast growth factor 9
T85	750-754	PR:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T86	760-764	PR:000017444	denotes	WNT4
T87	792-800	GO:0065007	denotes	regulate
T88	801-818	GO:0007530	denotes	sex determination
T89	827-832	NCBITaxon:10088	denotes	mouse
T90	836-841	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T91	843-846	PR:000015643	denotes	Sry
T92	894-898	PR:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T93	903-907	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T94	928-932	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T95	947-951	PR:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T96	969-975	UBERON:0000473	denotes	testis
T97	1007-1011	PR:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T98	1018-1024	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T99	1054-1058	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T100	1063-1067	PR:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T101	1086-1089	PR:000015643	denotes	Sry
T102	1131-1136	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T103	1140-1150	GO:0065007	denotes	controlled
T104	1173-1177	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T105	1182-1186	PR:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T106	1204-1224	GO:0030238	denotes	male sex-determining
T107	1233-1236	PR:000015643	denotes	Sry
T108	1252-1259	NCBITaxon:40674	denotes	mammals
T109	1341-1358	GO:0007530	denotes	sex determination
T110	1368-1379	NCBITaxon:7742	denotes	vertebrates
T658	1707-1721	_FRAGMENT	denotes	development of
T659	1754-1760	GO:0048513	denotes	organs
T660	1741-1753	GO:0000003	denotes	reproductive
T661	1741-1760	UBERON:0003133	denotes	reproductive organs
T662	1787-1793	NCBITaxon:33208	denotes	animal
T663	1794-1801	NCBITaxon:species	denotes	species
T664	1807-1813	UBERON:0000473	denotes	testis
T665	1818-1823	UBERON:0000992	denotes	ovary
T666	1893-1902	UBERON:0000922	denotes	embryonic
T667	1903-1908	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T668	1946-1960	_FRAGMENT	denotes	development of
T669	1965-1970	GO:0008406	denotes	gonad
T670	1965-1970	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T671	1995-2002	NCBITaxon:species	denotes	species
T672	2073-2078	UBERON:0000992	denotes	ovary
T673	2082-2088	UBERON:0000473	denotes	testis
T674	2133-2140	NCBITaxon:species	denotes	species
T675	2146-2155	UBERON:0000922	denotes	embryonic
T676	2156-2161	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T677	2198-2208	CL:0000586	denotes	germ cells
T678	2213-2226	CL:0002371	denotes	somatic cells
T679	2233-2239	UBERON:0000479	denotes	tissue
T680	2338-2345	UBERON:0000992	denotes	ovarian
T681	2349-2359	UBERON:0000473	denotes	testicular
T682	2422-2432	UBERON:0001048	denotes	primordium
T683	2492-2497	SO:0000704	denotes	genes
T684	2561-2565	PR:000011390	denotes	Dax1
T685	2567-2672	PR:000011390	denotes	dosage-sensitive sex reversal-congenital adrenal hypoplasia critical region on the X chromosome protein 1
T686	2608-2615	UBERON:0002369	denotes	adrenal
T687	2650-2662	GO:0000805	denotes	X chromosome
T688	2675-2679	PR:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T689	2681-2699	PR:000015435	denotes	Sry-like HMG box 9
T690	2702-2706	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T691	2708-2718	CL:0000057	denotes	fibroblast
T692	2708-2734	PR:000007500	denotes	fibroblast growth factor 9
T693	2741-2745	PR:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T694	2747-2751	UBERON:0000023	denotes	wing
T695	2747-2787	PR:000017444	denotes	wingless-related MMTV integration site 4
T696	2764-2768	NCBITaxon:11757	denotes	MMTV
T697	2769-2785	SO:0000366	denotes	integration site
T698	2804-2813	GO:0010467	denotes	expressed
T699	2847-2853	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T700	2888-2897	NCBITaxon:40674	denotes	mammalian
T701	2898-2915	GO:0007530	denotes	sex determination
T702	2945-2950	UBERON:0000062	denotes	organ
T703	2945-2962	GO:0048513	denotes	organ development
T704	2966-2973	UBERON:0000992	denotes	ovarian
T705	2988-2994	UBERON:0000473	denotes	testis
T706	3007-3011	SO:0000704	denotes	gene
T707	3054-3060	UBERON:0000473	denotes	testis
T708	3054-3072	GO:0008584	denotes	testis development
T709	3123-3138	CL:0000630	denotes	supporting cell
T710	3178-3191	GO:0009653	denotes	morphogenetic
T711	3310-3323	_FRAGMENT	denotes	proliferation
T712	3343-3351	GO:0008283	denotes	of cells
T713	3333-3351	GO:0016477	denotes	migration of cells
T714	3363-3374	UBERON:0005297	denotes	testis cord
T715	3432-3444	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli cell
T716	3440-3460	GO:0030154	denotes	cell differentiation
T717	3462-3465	PR:000015643	denotes	Sry
T718	3469-3481	GO:0000806	denotes	Y chromosome
T719	3489-3493	SO:0000704	denotes	gene
T720	3510-3525	GO:0007530	denotes	sex-determining
T721	3526-3530	SO:0000704	denotes	gene
T722	3534-3541	NCBITaxon:40674	denotes	mammals
T723	3571-3574	PR:000015643	denotes	Sry
T724	3575-3585	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T725	3592-3599	UBERON:0000922	denotes	embryos
T726	3610-3617	UBERON:0000922	denotes	embryos
T727	3641-3644	PR:000015643	denotes	Sry
T728	3658-3663	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T729	3674-3681	UBERON:0000992	denotes	ovarian
T730	3707-3714	SO:0000704	denotes	Genetic
T731	3738-3742	NCBITaxon:10088	denotes	mice
T732	3754-3764	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T733	3788-3798	SO:0000902	denotes	transgenes
T734	3823-3826	PR:000015643	denotes	Sry
T735	3827-3837	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T736	3884-3899	CL:0000630	denotes	supporting cell
T737	3909-3919	GO:0010467	denotes	Expression
T738	3923-3926	PR:000015643	denotes	Sry
T739	3988-3994	UBERON:0000473	denotes	testis
T740	4004-4017	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli cells
T741	4033-4047	CL:0000477	denotes	follicle cells
T742	4079-4084	UBERON:0000992	denotes	ovary
T743	4115-4127	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli cell
T744	4175-4180	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T745	4254-4267	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli cells
T746	4293-4299	UBERON:0000473	denotes	testis
T747	4380-4385	UBERON:0000992	denotes	ovary
T748	4415-4418	PR:000015643	denotes	Sry
T749	4419-4429	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T750	4438-4448	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T751	4467-4472	SO:0000704	denotes	genes
T752	4480-4485	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T753	4514-4518	SO:0000704	denotes	gene
T754	4533-4536	PR:000015643	denotes	Sry
T755	4582-4594	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli cell
T756	4619-4623	SO:0000704	denotes	gene
T757	4624-4633	GO:0010467	denotes	expressed
T758	4642-4649	UBERON:0000479	denotes	tissues
T759	4668-4674	UBERON:0000922	denotes	embryo
T760	4677-4681	PR:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T761	4697-4701	PR:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T762	4702-4712	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T763	4723-4728	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T764	4806-4810	PR:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T765	4821-4826	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T766	4836-4842	UBERON:0000473	denotes	testis
T767	4836-4854	GO:0008584	denotes	testis development
T768	4894-4898	PR:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T769	4923-4940	GO:0007530	denotes	sex determination
T770	4949-4952	PR:000015643	denotes	Sry
T771	4975-4982	NCBITaxon:40674	denotes	mammals
T772	4984-4994	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T773	4998-5002	PR:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T774	5035-5040	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T775	5049-5056	NCBITaxon:species	denotes	species
T776	5061-5068	NCBITaxon:40674	denotes	mammals
T777	5070-5074	PR:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T778	5109-5112	PR:000015643	denotes	Sry
T779	5113-5123	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T780	5155-5158	PR:000015643	denotes	Sry
T781	5159-5169	GO:0010467	denotes	expressing
T782	5223-5229	UBERON:0000473	denotes	testis
T783	5266-5279	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli cells
T784	5285-5292	GO:0010467	denotes	express
T785	5293-5297	PR:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T786	5333-5342	GO:0010467	denotes	expressed
T787	5343-5346	PR:000015643	denotes	Sry
T788	5384-5388	PR:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T789	5420-5423	PR:000015643	denotes	Sry
T790	5484-5488	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T791	5493-5498	PR:000003273	denotes	Igf1r
T792	5499-5502	PR:000009065	denotes	Irr
T793	5507-5544	PR:000003273	denotes	insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor
T794	5545-5578	PR:000009065	denotes	insulin receptor-related receptor
T795	5579-5586	PR:000045358	denotes	insulin
T796	5617-5621	PR:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T797	5622-5632	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T798	5697-5710	GO:0005576	denotes	extracellular
T799	5761-5786	GO:0007538	denotes	primary sex determination
T800	5788-5792	NCBITaxon:10088	denotes	Mice
T801	5827-5831	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T802	5896-5902	UBERON:0000473	denotes	testis
T803	5912-5927	GO:0009987	denotes	cellular events
T804	5939-5957	GO:0008283	denotes	cell proliferation
T805	5959-5970	UBERON:0000080	denotes	mesonephric
T806	5971-5985	GO:0016477	denotes	cell migration
T807	5987-5998	UBERON:0005297	denotes	testis cord
T808	6018-6036	_FRAGMENT	denotes	differentiation of
T809	6045-6050	GO:0030154	denotes	cells
T810	6037-6050	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli cells
T811	6062-6066	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T812	6109-6115	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T813	6130-6139	GO:0010467	denotes	expressed
T814	6143-6149	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T815	6197-6200	PR:000015643	denotes	Sry
T816	6204-6213	GO:0010467	denotes	expressed
T817	6239-6249	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T818	6253-6257	PR:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T819	6293-6299	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T820	6348-6354	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T821	6379-6383	PR:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T822	6416-6426	UBERON:0000473	denotes	testicular
T823	6475-6488	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli cells
T824	6513-6523	UBERON:0000473	denotes	testicular
T825	6563-6570	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli
T826	6609-6613	PR:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T827	6621-6627	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T828	6638-6648	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T829	6652-6664	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli cell
T830	6779-6783	PR:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T831	6804-6829	GO:0007538	denotes	primary sex determination
T832	6837-6842	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T833	6893-6900	SO:0000704	denotes	genetic
T834	6917-6920	PR:000015643	denotes	Sry
T835	6922-6926	PR:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T836	6928-6932	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T837	6938-6942	PR:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T838	6950-6960	GO:0065007	denotes	regulatory
T839	6974-6981	GO:0065007	denotes	governs
T840	6986-6993	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonadal
T841	6994-6999	UBERON:0007688	denotes	field
T842	7026-7030	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T843	7055-7061	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T844	7082-7092	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T845	7096-7099	PR:000015643	denotes	SRY
T846	7132-7136	PR:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T847	7147-7151	PR:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T848	7152-7162	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T849	7188-7192	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T850	7204-7210	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T851	7216-7222	UBERON:0000473	denotes	testis
T852	7276-7280	PR:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T853	7295-7300	UBERON:0000992	denotes	ovary
T854	7311-7315	SO:0000704	denotes	gene
T855	7317-7321	PR:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T856	7343-7347	PR:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T857	7391-7398	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli
T858	7422-7429	GO:0046903	denotes	secrete
T859	7430-7434	PR:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T860	7490-7494	PR:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T861	7535-7539	PR:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T862	7540-7550	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T863	7584-7589	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T864	7591-7595	PR:000017444	denotes	WNT4
T865	7616-7628	GO:0046661	denotes	male pathway
T866	7643-7653	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T867	7657-7661	PR:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T868	7666-7670	PR:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T869	7691-7703	GO:0046661	denotes	male pathway
T870	7704-7709	SO:0000704	denotes	genes
T871	7739-7743	PR:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T872	7751-7757	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T873	7780-7781	GO:0000806	denotes	Y
T874	7789-7793	SO:0000704	denotes	gene
T875	7794-7797	PR:000015643	denotes	Sry
T876	7813-7820	SO:0000704	denotes	genetic
T877	7890-7895	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T878	7899-7909	GO:0065007	denotes	controlled
T879	7951-7955	PR:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T880	7960-7964	PR:000017444	denotes	WNT4
T881	7972-7979	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonadal
T882	7980-7985	UBERON:0007688	denotes	field
T883	8051-8064	GO:0009653	denotes	morphogenesis
T884	8070-8094	GO:0030154	denotes	cellular differentiation
T2485	8124-8134	GO:0010467	denotes	Expression
T2486	8138-8142	PR:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T2487	8199-8207	GO:0042571	denotes	antibody
T2488	8220-8224	PR:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T2489	8238-8248	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T2490	8263-8268	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T2491	8263-8280	GO:0008406	denotes	gonad development
T2492	8282-8286	PR:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T2493	8335-8340	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T2494	8398-8402	PR:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T2495	8427-8433	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T2496	8479-8485	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T2497	8514-8526	UBERON:0005297	denotes	testis cords
T2498	8546-8556	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T2499	8583-8589	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T2500	8620-8624	PR:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T2501	8625-8635	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T2502	8643-8655	UBERON:0005297	denotes	testis cords
T2503	8673-8686	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli cells
T2504	8705-8715	CL:0000586	denotes	germ cells
T2505	8729-8738	CL:0000586	denotes	germ cell
T2506	8734-8747	GO:0005886	denotes	cell membrane
T2507	8755-8763	CL:0000233	denotes	platelet
T2508	8755-8798	PR:000001904	denotes	platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule
T2509	8764-8775	UBERON:0001986	denotes	endothelial
T2510	8764-8780	CL:0000115	denotes	endothelial cell
T2511	8790-8798	CHEBI:23367	denotes	molecule
T2512	8800-8805	PR:000001904	denotes	PECAM
T2513	8865-8872	CL:0000300	denotes	gametic
T2514	8873-8879	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T2515	8885-8888	PR:000002065	denotes	Kit
T2516	8916-8923	UBERON:0000922	denotes	embryos
T2517	8939-8951	UBERON:0005297	denotes	testis cords
T2518	8963-8976	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli cells
T2519	8983-8987	PR:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T2520	9023-9035	UBERON:0005297	denotes	testis cords
T2521	9042-9045	PR:000002065	denotes	Kit
T2522	9051-9057	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T2523	9119-9129	CL:0000586	denotes	germ cells
T2524	9164-9168	PR:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T2525	9172-9181	GO:0010467	denotes	expressed
T2526	9185-9198	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli cells
T2527	9213-9223	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T2528	9260-9270	CL:0000586	denotes	germ cells
T2529	9284-9288	PR:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T2530	9289-9299	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T2531	9330-9336	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T2532	9388-9394	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T2533	9398-9404	UBERON:0000473	denotes	testis
T2906	10401-10404	PR:000015643	denotes	Sry
T2907	10405-10415	GO:0010467	denotes	Expression
T2908	10445-10449	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T2909	10453-10459	UBERON:0000991	denotes	Gonads
T2910	10470-10480	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T2911	10484-10488	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T2912	10504-10510	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T2913	10542-10546	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T2914	10575-10578	PR:000015643	denotes	Sry
T2915	10616-10621	GO:0007618	denotes	mated
T2916	10622-10626	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T2917	10631-10635	NCBITaxon:10088	denotes	mice
T2918	10726-10735	SO:0000902	denotes	transgene
T2919	10750-10753	PR:000015643	denotes	Sry
T2920	10754-10762	SO:0000167	denotes	promoter
T2921	10763-10766	PR:000015643	denotes	Sry
T2922	10796-10805	SO:0000902	denotes	transgene
T2923	10843-10846	PR:000015643	denotes	Sry
T2924	10847-10857	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T2925	10868-10878	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T2926	10916-10920	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T2927	10928-10934	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T2928	10949-10953	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T2929	11031-11041	GO:0065007	denotes	regulation
T2930	11045-11048	PR:000015643	denotes	Sry
T2931	11067-11071	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T2932	11137-11140	PR:000015643	denotes	Sry
T2933	11141-11151	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T2934	11197-11200	PR:000015643	denotes	SRY
T2935	11201-11212	_FRAGMENT	denotes	import into
T2936	11217-11224	GO:0051170	denotes	nucleus
T2937	11217-11224	GO:0005634	denotes	nucleus
T2938	11236-11245	SO:0000902	denotes	transgene
T2939	11247-11250	PR:000015643	denotes	Sry
T2940	11278-11291	GO:0005622	denotes	intracellular
T2941	11312-11315	PR:000015643	denotes	SRY
T2942	11355-11358	PR:000015643	denotes	SRY
T2943	11359-11369	GO:0065007	denotes	regulation
T2944	11379-11383	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T2945	11388-11392	NCBITaxon:10088	denotes	mice
T2946	11406-11409	PR:000015643	denotes	Sry
T2947	11419-11424	NCBITaxon:10088	denotes	mouse
T2948	11441-11444	PR:000000020	denotes	Myc
T2949	11452-11455	PR:000015643	denotes	Sry
T2950	11456-11465	SO:0000902	denotes	transgene
T2951	11467-11470	PR:000015643	denotes	Sry
T2952	11471-11474	PR:000000020	denotes	Myc
T2953	11511-11524	GO:0005622	denotes	intracellular
T2954	11525-11528	PR:000015643	denotes	SRY
T2955	11529-11539	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T2956	11564-11572	GO:0042571	denotes	antibody
T2957	11581-11586	PR:000000084	denotes	c-MYC
T2958	11592-11602	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T2959	11607-11614	GO:0005634	denotes	nuclear
T2960	11631-11634	PR:000015643	denotes	SRY
T2961	11635-11638	PR:000000020	denotes	MYC
T2962	11642-11645	PR:000015643	denotes	Sry
T2963	11646-11649	PR:000000020	denotes	Myc
T2964	11651-11655	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T2965	11660-11666	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T2966	11766-11769	PR:000015643	denotes	Sry
T2967	11818-11821	PR:000015643	denotes	Sry
T2968	11822-11832	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T2969	11853-11857	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T2970	11870-11874	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T2971	11927-11930	PR:000015643	denotes	Sry
T2972	11934-11942	GO:0065007	denotes	regulate
T2973	11943-11949	UBERON:0000473	denotes	testis
T2974	11943-11961	GO:0008584	denotes	testis development
T3438	13183-13187	PR:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T3439	13204-13208	PR:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T3440	13209-13219	GO:0010467	denotes	Expression
T3441	13261-13265	PR:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T3442	13266-13276	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T3443	13292-13296	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T3444	13304-13310	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T3445	13344-13350	UBERON:0000473	denotes	testes
T3446	13379-13383	PR:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T3447	13384-13394	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T3448	13445-13452	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli
T3449	13501-13508	SO:0000704	denotes	genetic
T3450	13529-13533	PR:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T3451	13538-13542	PR:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T3452	13554-13558	PR:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T3453	13569-13578	GO:0010467	denotes	expressed
T3454	13592-13606	UBERON:0005294	denotes	genital ridges
T3455	13625-13632	UBERON:0000922	denotes	embryos
T3456	13669-13672	PR:000015643	denotes	Sry
T3457	13673-13683	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T3458	13707-13713	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T3459	13754-13758	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T3460	13805-13808	PR:000015643	denotes	Sry
T3461	13834-13838	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T3462	13859-13875	_FRAGMENT	denotes	up-regulation of
T3463	13881-13891	GO:0010628	denotes	expression
T3464	13876-13880	PR:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T3465	13893-13905	CL:0000001	denotes	Primary cell
T3466	13918-13923	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T3467	13960-13964	PR:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T3468	13989-13993	PR:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T3469	13999-14012	CL:0001034	denotes	in vitro cell
T3470	14056-14062	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T3471	14071-14082	UBERON:0000080	denotes	mesonephroi
T3472	14100-14120	GO:0031012	denotes	extracellular matrix
T3473	14176-14180	PR:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T3474	14223-14227	PR:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T3475	14228-14238	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T3476	14259-14267	GO:0042571	denotes	antibody
T3477	14280-14284	PR:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T3478	14329-14333	PR:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T3479	14434-14438	PR:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T3480	14501-14505	PR:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T3481	14553-14557	PR:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T3482	14599-14605	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T3483	14630-14634	PR:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T3484	14716-14723	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonadal
T3485	14737-14743	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T3486	14790-14794	PR:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T3487	14866-14871	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T3488	14888-14892	PR:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T3489	14943-14963	GO:0031012	denotes	extracellular matrix
T3490	14974-14979	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T3491	15009-15013	PR:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T3492	15034-15039	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T3493	15071-15075	PR:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T3494	15149-15153	PR:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T3495	15154-15164	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T3496	15226-15231	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T3497	15252-15256	PR:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T3498	15337-15341	PR:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T3499	15363-15367	PR:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T3500	15368-15378	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T3501	15385-15392	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonadal
T3502	15442-15446	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T3503	15451-15455	PR:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T4093	15458-15462	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T4094	15491-15495	PR:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T4095	15496-15506	GO:0010467	denotes	Expression
T4096	15513-15519	UBERON:0000991	denotes	Gonads
T4097	15543-15547	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T4098	15586-15590	PR:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T4099	15612-15616	PR:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T4100	15617-15627	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T4101	15648-15652	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T4102	15661-15665	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T4103	15673-15679	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T4104	15755-15761	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T4105	15775-15779	PR:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T4106	15827-15832	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T4107	15881-15888	GO:0005634	denotes	nuclear
T4108	15889-15893	PR:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T4109	15934-15940	UBERON:0001851	denotes	cortex
T4110	15985-15990	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T4111	16042-16045	PR:000015643	denotes	Sry
T4112	16050-16054	PR:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T4113	16055-16065	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T4114	16125-16129	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T4115	16137-16143	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T4116	16165-16178	CL:0002371	denotes	Somatic cells
T4117	16186-16190	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T4118	16195-16201	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T4119	16220-16224	PR:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T4120	16295-16305	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T4121	16327-16331	PR:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T4122	16354-16358	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T4123	16373-16379	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T4124	16411-16415	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T4125	16423-16429	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T4126	16431-16435	PR:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T4127	16478-16485	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli
T4128	16538-16549	UBERON:0005297	denotes	testis cord
T4129	16609-16613	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T4130	16655-16659	PR:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T4131	16701-16705	PR:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T4132	16706-16716	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T4133	16720-16727	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli
T4524	18118-18122	PR:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T4525	18139-18143	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T4526	18164-18170	UBERON:0000991	denotes	Gonads
T4527	18235-18240	SO:0000704	denotes	genes
T4528	18246-18249	PR:000015643	denotes	Sry
T4529	18252-18256	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T4530	18259-18263	PR:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T4531	18265-18275	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T4532	18279-18283	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T4533	18306-18312	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T4534	18331-18335	PR:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T4535	18377-18380	PR:000015643	denotes	Sry
T4536	18383-18387	PR:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T4537	18390-18394	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T4538	18396-18406	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T4539	18410-18414	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T4540	18449-18455	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T4541	18474-18478	PR:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T4542	18492-18496	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T4543	18497-18507	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T4544	18511-18515	PR:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T4545	18536-18540	PR:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T4546	18549-18555	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T4547	18578-18582	NCBITaxon:10088	denotes	mice
T4548	18618-18622	SO:0000359	denotes	flox
T4549	18624-18630	SO:0001023	denotes	allele
T4550	18634-18638	PR:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T4551	18641-18645	PR:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T4552	18646-18650	SO:0000359	denotes	flox
T4553	18651-18655	SO:0000359	denotes	flox
T4554	18662-18666	NCBITaxon:10088	denotes	mice
T4555	18698-18708	SO:0000902	denotes	transgenes
T4556	18710-18714	PR:000013249	denotes	Prm1
T4557	18731-18734	PR:000018212	denotes	Zp3
T4558	18764-18768	PR:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T4559	18781-18788	UBERON:0000922	denotes	embryos
T4560	18789-18792	GO:0016265	denotes	die
T4561	18819-18833	UBERON:0004535	denotes	cardiovascular
T4562	18905-18909	PR:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T4563	18922-18928	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T4564	19015-19019	PR:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T4565	19027-19033	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T4566	19156-19169	GO:0097617	denotes	hybridization
T4567	19192-19202	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T4568	19206-19210	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T4569	19255-19259	PR:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T4570	19264-19270	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T4571	19303-19306	PR:000015643	denotes	Sry
T4572	19307-19317	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T4573	19410-19414	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T4574	19415-19425	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T4575	19442-19448	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T4576	19469-19479	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T4577	19483-19487	PR:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T4578	19523-19533	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T4579	19537-19540	PR:000015643	denotes	Sry
T4580	19562-19570	GO:0065007	denotes	regulate
T4581	19571-19575	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T4582	19594-19598	PR:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T4583	19628-19632	PR:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T4584	19650-19654	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T4585	19655-19665	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T4586	19671-19675	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T4587	19698-19702	PR:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T4588	19703-19713	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T4589	19773-19778	SO:0000704	denotes	genes
T4590	19785-19791	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T5055	19799-19803	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T5056	19811-19817	UBERON:0000991	denotes	Gonads
T5057	19819-19823	PR:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T5058	19831-19837	UBERON:0000991	denotes	Gonads
T5059	19854-19872	GO:0008283	denotes	Cell Proliferation
T5060	19913-19931	GO:0008283	denotes	cell proliferation
T5061	19948-19952	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T5062	19960-19966	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T5063	19981-19985	PR:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T5064	20018-20022	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T5065	20023-20033	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T5066	20057-20075	GO:0008283	denotes	cell proliferation
T5067	20082-20088	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T5068	20125-20129	PR:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T5069	20143-20156	GO:0008283	denotes	proliferation
T5070	20160-20164	PR:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T5071	20169-20175	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T5072	20196-20203	GO:0007067	denotes	mitotic
T5073	20232-20239	CHEBI:15358	denotes	histone
T5074	20232-20242	PR:000027594	denotes	histone H3
T5075	20244-20257	GO:0008283	denotes	Proliferating
T5076	20345-20351	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T5077	20374-20392	GO:0008283	denotes	cell proliferation
T5078	20411-20415	PR:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T5079	20416-20420	SO:0000359	denotes	flox
T5080	20469-20473	PR:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T5081	20481-20487	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T5082	20488-20501	GO:0008283	denotes	proliferation
T5083	20532-20538	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T5084	20634-20638	PR:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T5085	20643-20647	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T5086	20703-20708	SO:0000704	denotes	genes
T5087	20743-20756	CL:0002371	denotes	somatic cells
T5088	20768-20780	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli cell
T5089	20799-20805	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T5441	20812-20824	GO:0046661	denotes	Male Pathway
T5442	20839-20843	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T5443	20848-20855	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli
T5444	20890-20894	PR:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T5445	20908-20917	GO:0010467	denotes	expressed
T5446	20921-20925	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T5447	20930-20936	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T5448	20968-20973	SO:0000704	denotes	genes
T5449	20981-20993	GO:0046661	denotes	male pathway
T5450	21037-21049	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli cell
T5451	21045-21065	GO:0030154	denotes	cell differentiation
T5452	21067-21089	PR:000000073	denotes	anti-Mullerian hormone
T5453	21091-21094	PR:000000073	denotes	Amh
T5454	21106-21121	PR:000006459	denotes	Desert hedgehog
T5455	21123-21126	PR:000006459	denotes	Dhh
T5456	21137-21141	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T5457	21149-21155	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T5458	21182-21195	GO:0097617	denotes	hybridization
T5459	21197-21200	PR:000006459	denotes	Dhh
T5460	21211-21220	GO:0010467	denotes	expressed
T5461	21254-21260	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T5462	21300-21304	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T5463	21312-21318	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T5464	21329-21340	UBERON:0000080	denotes	mesonephric
T5465	21341-21351	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T5466	21392-21395	PR:000000073	denotes	Amh
T5467	21441-21445	PR:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T5468	21516-21520	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T5469	21528-21534	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T5470	21587-21590	PR:000000073	denotes	Amh
T5471	21620-21630	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T5472	21634-21638	PR:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T5473	21642-21646	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T5474	21651-21657	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T5475	21697-21700	PR:000000073	denotes	Amh
T5476	21754-21757	PR:000006459	denotes	Dhh
T5477	21781-21788	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli
T5478	22849-22861	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli cell
T5479	22905-22909	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T5480	22934-22937	PR:000015643	denotes	Sry
T5481	22942-22946	PR:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T5482	22947-22957	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T5483	22961-22965	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T5484	22970-22976	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T5485	23019-23023	PR:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T5486	23024-23034	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T5487	23041-23045	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T5488	23050-23056	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T5489	23108-23115	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli
T5490	23231-23241	GO:0008219	denotes	cell death
T5491	23263-23267	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T5492	23272-23278	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T5493	23313-23317	PR:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T5494	23318-23328	GO:0010467	denotes	expressing
T5495	23378-23394	PR:000026878	denotes	active caspase-3
T5496	23399-23413	CL:0000445	denotes	apoptotic cell
T5497	23422-23437	CL:0000445	denotes	Apoptotic cells
T5498	23459-23463	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T5499	23468-23474	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T5500	23523-23527	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T5501	23566-23576	GO:0008219	denotes	cell death
T5502	23580-23599	UBERON:0000083	denotes	mesonephric tubules
T5503	23580-23591	_FRAGMENT	denotes	mesonephric
T5504	23604-23609	UBERON:0003074	denotes	ducts
T5505	23627-23631	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T5506	23632-23642	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T5507	23702-23706	PR:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T5508	23707-23717	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T5509	23721-23725	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T5510	23733-23739	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T5511	23758-23768	GO:0008219	denotes	cell death
T5512	23794-23798	PR:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T5513	23799-23803	PR:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T5514	23817-23827	GO:0065007	denotes	regulation
T5515	23870-23882	GO:0046661	denotes	male pathway
T5516	23886-23890	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T5517	23895-23902	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli
T5518	23952-23968	CL:0000630	denotes	supporting cells
T5519	23974-23978	_FRAGMENT	denotes	male
T5520	23989-24004	GO:0046661	denotes	differentiation
T5521	23982-24004	GO:0046660	denotes	female differentiation
T5522	24022-24032	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T5523	24036-24040	PR:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T5524	24045-24050	UBERON:0000992	denotes	ovary
T5525	24061-24065	SO:0000704	denotes	gene
T5526	24079-24083	PR:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T5527	24107-24111	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T5528	24130-24134	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T5529	24139-24144	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T5530	24198-24202	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T5531	24243-24247	PR:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T5532	24270-24276	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T6296	16-20	PR:000007500	denotes	t as
T6297	24316-24320	PR:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T6298	24375-24379	PR:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T6299	24391-24395	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T6300	24403-24409	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T6301	24420-24427	SO:0000704	denotes	genetic
T6302	24460-24464	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T6303	24469-24473	PR:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T6304	24483-24486	PR:000015643	denotes	SRY
T6305	24491-24495	PR:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T6306	24510-24519	GO:0010467	denotes	expressed
T6307	24523-24527	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T6308	24535-24541	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T6309	24599-24603	PR:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T6310	24631-24635	PR:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T6311	24656-24666	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T6312	24670-24674	PR:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T6313	24695-24700	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T6314	24701-24712	UBERON:0000080	denotes	mesonephros
T6315	24737-24741	PR:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T6316	24764-24768	PR:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T6317	24769-24779	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T6318	24803-24816	GO:0097617	denotes	hybridization
T6319	24834-24840	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T6320	24856-24860	PR:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T6321	24883-24893	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T6322	24897-24901	PR:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T6323	24951-24955	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T6324	24969-24972	PR:000015643	denotes	Sry
T6325	24976-24980	PR:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T6326	25009-25013	PR:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T6327	25030-25036	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T6328	25628-25632	PR:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T6329	25637-25641	PR:000017444	denotes	WNT4
T6330	25700-25704	PR:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T6331	25725-25730	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T6332	25791-25795	PR:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T6333	25826-25830	PR:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T6334	25839-25843	PR:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T6335	25848-25854	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T6336	25895-25899	PR:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T6337	25923-25927	PR:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T6338	25928-25938	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T6339	25971-25975	PR:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T6340	25984-25988	PR:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T6341	26009-26013	PR:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T6342	26018-26024	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T6343	26037-26041	PR:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T6344	26049-26055	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T6345	26122-26126	PR:000017444	denotes	WNT4
T6346	26131-26135	PR:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T6347	26288-26292	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T6348	26326-26330	PR:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T6349	26358-26366	GO:0042571	denotes	antibody
T6350	26375-26379	PR:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T6351	26395-26399	PR:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T6352	26404-26413	GO:0010467	denotes	expressed
T6353	26417-26421	PR:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T6354	26429-26435	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T6355	26447-26451	PR:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T6356	26516-26520	PR:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T6357	26551-26555	PR:000017444	denotes	WNT4
T6358	26562-26568	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T6359	27285-27289	PR:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T6360	27315-27319	PR:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T6361	27342-27346	PR:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T6362	27351-27357	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T6363	27376-27386	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T6364	27390-27394	PR:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T6365	27418-27422	PR:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T6366	27427-27433	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T6367	27455-27463	GO:0042571	denotes	antibody
T6368	27472-27476	PR:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T6369	27491-27501	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T6370	27532-27536	PR:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T6371	27544-27550	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T6372	27722-27735	GO:0097617	denotes	hybridization
T6373	27757-27761	PR:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T6374	27762-27773	SO:0000673	denotes	transcripts
T6375	27786-27790	PR:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T6376	27798-27804	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T6377	27819-27823	PR:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T6378	27831-27837	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T6379	27886-27892	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T6380	27927-27939	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli cell
T6381	27935-27955	GO:0030154	denotes	cell differentiation
T6382	27960-27971	UBERON:0005297	denotes	testis cord
T6383	28049-28053	PR:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T6384	28092-28095	PR:000015643	denotes	Sry
T6385	28139-28143	PR:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T6386	28162-28166	PR:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T6387	28199-28216	GO:0007530	denotes	sex determination
T7373	28360-28365	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T7374	28387-28402	CL:0000630	denotes	supporting cell
T7375	28438-28452	CL:0000477	denotes	follicle cells
T7376	28456-28469	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli cells
T7377	28474-28478	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T7378	28486-28492	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T7379	28524-28531	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli
T7380	28563-28567	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T7381	28589-28593	PR:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T7382	28594-28604	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T7383	28630-28643	GO:0046661	denotes	male pathways
T7384	28657-28670	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli cells
T7385	28677-28681	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T7386	28686-28692	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T7387	28707-28717	GO:0008219	denotes	cell death
T7388	28750-28765	CL:0000630	denotes	supporting cell
T7389	28774-28778	PR:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T7390	28779-28789	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T7391	28862-28866	PR:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T7392	28868-28872	PR:000017444	denotes	WNT4
T7393	28897-28903	GO:0065007	denotes	govern
T7394	28904-28916	CL:0002371	denotes	somatic cell
T7395	28929-28936	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonadal
T7396	28937-28942	UBERON:0007688	denotes	field
T7397	28948-28958	NCBITaxon:7215	denotes	Drosophila
T7398	28959-28966	UBERON:3011048	denotes	genital
T7399	28982-28987	UBERON:0007688	denotes	field
T7400	29121-29128	UBERON:3011048	denotes	genital
T7401	29164-29171	GO:0065007	denotes	control
T7402	29175-29185	PR:P23023	denotes	double sex
T7403	29187-29190	PR:P23023	denotes	dsx
T7404	29218-29235	GO:0007530	denotes	sex determination
T7405	29289-29296	SO:0000704	denotes	genetic
T7406	29414-29422	GO:0065007	denotes	regulate
T7407	29501-29514	_FRAGMENT	denotes	regulation of
T7408	29529-29570	GO:0017015	denotes	transforming growth factor beta signaling
T7409	29501-29518	_FRAGMENT	denotes	regulation of WNT
T7410	29561-29570	GO:0030111	denotes	signaling
T7411	29520-29523	_FRAGMENT	denotes	FGF
T7412	29561-29570	GO:0040036	denotes	signaling
T7413	29529-29560	PR:000000046	denotes	transforming growth factor beta
T7414	29586-29594	GO:0065007	denotes	regulate
T7415	29607-29627	GO:0030154	denotes	cell differentiation
T7416	29633-29646	GO:0009653	denotes	morphogenesis
T7417	29683-29693	GO:0065007	denotes	regulation
T7418	29697-29702	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T7419	29697-29716	GO:0008406	denotes	gonad organogenesis
T7420	29720-29731	NCBITaxon:7742	denotes	vertebrates
T7421	29820-29835	GO:0007530	denotes	sex-determining
T7422	29857-29873	_FRAGMENT	denotes	establishment of
T7423	29878-29882	_FRAGMENT	denotes	male
T7424	29893-29900	GO:0030238	denotes	program
T7425	29886-29900	GO:0030237	denotes	female program
T7426	30037-30057	GO:0030154	denotes	cell differentiation
T7427	30062-30075	GO:0009653	denotes	morphogenesis
T7428	30083-30088	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T7429	30168-30177	NCBITaxon:40674	denotes	mammalian
T7430	30178-30183	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T7431	30271-30278	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli
T7432	30429-30438	GO:0038001	denotes	paracrine
T7433	30472-30502	GO:0060009	denotes	establishment of Sertoli cells
T7434	30489-30502	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli cells
T7435	30553-30557	PR:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T7436	30569-30573	PR:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T7437	30647-30651	PR:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T7438	30694-30699	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T7439	30734-30738	PR:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T7440	30772-30776	PR:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T7441	30848-30855	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli
T7442	30881-30885	PR:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T7443	30913-30916	PR:000015643	denotes	Sry
T7444	30943-30947	PR:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T7445	30966-30970	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T7446	30988-30992	PR:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T7447	31034-31038	PR:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T7448	31058-31076	GO:0008283	denotes	cell proliferation
T7449	31103-31110	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli
T7450	31164-31176	GO:0046661	denotes	male pathway
T7451	31267-31273	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T7452	31287-31300	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli cells
T7453	31309-31313	PR:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T7454	31323-31336	GO:0008283	denotes	proliferation
T7456	31409-31413	PR:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T7457	31433-31442	GO:0038001	denotes	paracrine
T7458	31525-31529	PR:000017444	denotes	WNT4
T7459	31573-31591	GO:0008283	denotes	cell proliferation
T7460	31621-31637	_FRAGMENT	denotes	establishment of
T7461	31642-31654	GO:0030238	denotes	male pathway
T7462	31666-31673	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli
T7463	31749-31759	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T7464	31763-31767	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T7465	31777-31800	UBERON:0004208	denotes	nephrogenous mesenchyme
T7466	31825-31832	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonadal
T7467	31840-31844	SO:0000704	denotes	gene
T7468	31840-31855	GO:0010467	denotes	gene expression
T7469	31869-31873	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T7470	31877-31884	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonadal
T7471	31885-31903	GO:0008283	denotes	cell proliferation
T7472	31911-31918	NCBITaxon:species	denotes	species
T7473	31947-31951	PR:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T7474	31962-31966	PR:000017444	denotes	WNT4
T7475	31979-31989	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T7476	32039-32043	PR:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T7477	32058-32063	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T7478	32095-32105	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T7479	32109-32113	PR:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T7480	32134-32138	PR:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T7481	32168-32172	PR:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T7482	32177-32181	PR:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T7483	32253-32256	PR:000015643	denotes	SRY
T7484	32261-32265	PR:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T7485	32280-32289	GO:0010467	denotes	expressed
T7486	32293-32297	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T7487	32305-32311	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T7488	32313-32317	PR:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T7489	32358-32362	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T7490	32414-32418	PR:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T7491	32445-32449	PR:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T7492	32558-32562	PR:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T7493	32628-32641	GO:0005622	denotes	intracellular
T7494	32667-32671	PR:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T7495	32672-32682	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T7496	32696-32707	CL:0000138	denotes	chondrocyte
T7497	32751-32764	GO:0005622	denotes	intracellular
T7498	32907-32911	PR:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T7499	32928-32940	GO:0046661	denotes	male pathway
T7500	32968-32972	PR:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T7501	33006-33010	PR:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T7502	33015-33019	PR:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T7503	33026-33032	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T7504	33039-33042	PR:000015643	denotes	Sry
T7505	33074-33086	GO:0046661	denotes	male pathway
T7506	33138-33142	PR:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T7507	33147-33151	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T7508	33202-33212	NCBITaxon:7742	denotes	vertebrate
T7509	33213-33230	GO:0007530	denotes	sex-determination
T7510	33248-33251	PR:000015643	denotes	Sry
T7511	33263-33278	GO:0007530	denotes	sex determining
T7512	33313-33317	PR:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T7513	33349-33355	UBERON:0000473	denotes	testis
T7514	33349-33367	GO:0008584	denotes	testis development
T7515	33444-33448	PR:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T7516	33455-33464	GO:0010467	denotes	expressed
T7517	33475-33480	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T7518	33508-33518	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T7519	33526-33530	PR:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T7520	33531-33541	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T7521	33592-33602	GO:0065007	denotes	regulatory
T7522	33592-33612	SO:0005836	denotes	regulatory sequences
T7523	33679-33683	PR:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T7524	33693-33697	PR:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T7525	33698-33708	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T7526	33765-33769	PR:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T7527	33777-33782	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T7528	33860-33864	PR:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T7529	33865-33869	PR:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T7530	33870-33880	GO:0010467	denotes	expressing
T7531	34011-34014	PR:000015643	denotes	Sry
T7532	34042-34046	PR:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T7533	34047-34057	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T7534	34096-34116	GO:0031012	denotes	extracellular matrix
T7535	34241-34245	PR:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T7536	34246-34256	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T7537	34307-34316	GO:0010467	denotes	expressed
T7538	34327-34332	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T7539	34408-34412	PR:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T7540	34442-34446	PR:000017444	denotes	WNT4
T7541	34493-34505	GO:0046661	denotes	male pathway
T7542	34530-34546	_FRAGMENT	denotes	up-regulation of
T7543	34552-34562	GO:0010628	denotes	expression
T7544	34547-34551	PR:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T7545	34609-34614	NCBITaxon:9606	denotes	human
T7576	35928-35931	PR:000015643	denotes	Sry
T7577	35932-35942	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T7578	35957-35969	GO:0046661	denotes	male pathway
T7579	35987-35991	PR:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T7580	35993-35997	PR:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T7581	36011-36015	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T7582	36035-36039	PR:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T7583	36040-36044	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T7584	36080-36093	_FRAGMENT	denotes	commitment to
T7585	36098-36110	GO:0030238	denotes	male pathway
T7586	36118-36124	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T7587	36138-36144	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T7588	36153-36156	PR:000015643	denotes	Sry
T7589	36158-36162	PR:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T7590	36167-36171	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T7591	36177-36181	PR:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T7592	36182-36186	PR:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T7593	36229-36233	PR:000017444	denotes	WNT4
T7594	36240-36247	GO:0065007	denotes	control
T7595	36255-36262	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonadal
T7596	36263-36268	UBERON:0007688	denotes	field
T7597	36309-36313	PR:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T7598	36318-36322	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T7599	36351-36364	_FRAGMENT	denotes	commitment to
T7600	36369-36383	GO:0030237	denotes	female pathway
T7601	36459-36463	PR:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T7602	36468-36472	PR:000017444	denotes	WNT4
T7603	36602-36612	GO:0065007	denotes	regulating
T7604	36613-36623	GO:0010467	denotes	expression
T7605	36631-36637	UBERON:0000473	denotes	testis
T7606	36657-36661	PR:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T9846	38429-38442	GO:0097617	denotes	hybridization
T9847	38476-38489	GO:0097617	denotes	hybridization
T9848	38597-38610	GO:0097617	denotes	hybridization
T9849	38680-38693	GO:0097617	denotes	hybridization
T9850	38700-38703	PR:000000073	denotes	Amh
T9851	38711-38714	PR:000006459	denotes	Dhh
T9852	38722-38726	PR:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T9853	38737-38741	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T9854	38749-38760	CHEBI:42098	denotes	Digoxigenin
T9855	38843-38853	GO:0042571	denotes	Antibodies
T9856	38900-38905	NCBITaxon:10088	denotes	mouse
T9857	38922-38927	PR:000010812	denotes	N-MYC
T9858	39003-39009	NCBITaxon:9986	denotes	rabbit
T9859	39015-39019	PR:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T9860	39050-39053	NCBITaxon:10114	denotes	rat
T9861	39059-39064	PR:000001904	denotes	PECAM
T9862	39124-39130	NCBITaxon:9986	denotes	rabbit
T9863	39136-39145	PR:000002312	denotes	caspase-3
T9864	39221-39227	NCBITaxon:9986	denotes	rabbit
T9865	39248-39255	CHEBI:15358	denotes	histone
T9866	39248-39258	PR:000027594	denotes	histone H3
T9867	39284-39292	GO:0042571	denotes	Antibody
T9868	39320-39331	CHEBI:51217	denotes	fluorophore
T9869	39332-39342	MOP:0000779	denotes	conjugated
T9870	39353-39363	GO:0042571	denotes	antibodies
T9871	39450-39454	PR:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T9872	39471-39477	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T9873	39516-39522	NCBITaxon:9986	denotes	rabbit
T9874	39528-39533	NCBITaxon:10088	denotes	mouse
T9875	39534-39538	PR:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T9876	39569-39575	NCBITaxon:9986	denotes	rabbit
T9877	39576-39579	GO:0071735	denotes	IgG
T9878	39580-39590	MOP:0000779	denotes	conjugated
T9879	39617-39625	GO:0042571	denotes	antibody
T9880	39677-39680	CHEBI:37987	denotes	Cy3
T9881	39681-39692	CHEBI:51217	denotes	fluorophore
T9882	39749-39757	GO:0042571	denotes	antibody
T9883	39773-39777	PR:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T9884	39790-39795	UBERON:0000992	denotes	ovary
T9885	39799-39803	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T9886	39820-39826	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T10287	40480-40491	CHEBI:33282	denotes	antibiotics
T10288	40492-40504	CHEBI:35718	denotes	antimycotics
T10289	40518-40522	CHEBI:16526	denotes	CO 2
T10290	40554-40558	PR:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T10291	40746-40750	PR:000015435	denotes	SOX9
T10292	40791-40798	GO:0005634	denotes	nuclear
T10518	40862-40867	UBERON:0000991	denotes	Gonad
T10519	40885-40890	UBERON:0000991	denotes	Gonad
T10520	40891-40902	UBERON:0000080	denotes	mesonephros
T10521	40990-40994	CHEBI:16526	denotes	CO 2
T10522	41019-41023	PR:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T10523	41044-41048	PR:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T10524	41111-41115	PR:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T10525	41157-41162	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T10526	41179-41186	CHEBI:28304	denotes	heparin
T10527	41187-41194	CHEBI:2511	denotes	agarose
T10528	41272-41276	PR:000007500	denotes	FGF9
T9580	37640-37647	NCBITaxon:33208	denotes	Animals
T9581	37668-37672	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T9582	37767-37771	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T9583	37787-37790	PR:000015643	denotes	Sry
T9584	37796-37800	NCBITaxon:10088	denotes	mice
T9585	37959-37963	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T9586	38042-38046	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T9587	38091-38094	PR:000015643	denotes	Sry
T9588	38095-38098	PR:000000020	denotes	Myc
T9589	38099-38103	NCBITaxon:10088	denotes	mice
T9590	38145-38149	PR:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T9591	38188-38195	UBERON:0000922	denotes	embryos
T9592	38220-38232	GO:0000806	denotes	Y chromosome
T9593	38242-38249	SO:0000112	denotes	primers
T9594	38300-38304	NCBITaxon:10088	denotes	Mice
T9595	38324-38328	PR:000015435	denotes	Sox9
T9596	38379-38383	SO:0000704	denotes	gene
T10273	39923-39930	_FRAGMENT	denotes	Primary
T10274	39939-39943	CL:0000001	denotes	cell
T10275	39931-39938	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonadal
T10276	39962-39969	UBERON:0000922	denotes	embryos
T10277	39994-39998	NCBITaxon:10088	denotes	mice
T10278	40035-40042	UBERON:0000305	denotes	amnions
T10279	40069-40083	UBERON:0005294	denotes	genital ridges
T10280	40103-40109	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T10281	40130-40141	UBERON:0000080	denotes	mesonephroi
T10282	40147-40153	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T10283	40197-40204	PR:000027795	denotes	trypsin
T10284	40384-40404	GO:0031012	denotes	extracellular matrix
T10285	40460-40466	NCBITaxon:27592	denotes	bovine
T10286	40467-40472	UBERON:0001977	denotes	serum
T7455	31340-31347	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli
T7546	34644-34648	PR:000017444	denotes	WNT4
T7547	34794-34801	GO:0010467	denotes	express
T7548	34802-34806	PR:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T7549	34813-34819	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
T7550	34892-34904	CL:0000216	denotes	Sertoli cell
T7551	34900-34920	GO:0030154	denotes	cell differentiation
T7552	34948-34952	PR:000017444	denotes	WNT4
T7553	35018-35022	NCBITaxon:10088	denotes	mice
T7554	35050-35059	GO:0010467	denotes	expressed
T7555	35191-35195	PR:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T7556	35285-35293	GO:0065007	denotes	controls
T7557	35294-35311	GO:0007530	denotes	sex determination
T7558	35337-35340	PR:000015643	denotes	Sry
T7559	35362-35371	NCBITaxon:40674	denotes	mammalian
T7560	35484-35489	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T7561	35498-35508	UBERON:0000473	denotes	testicular
T7562	35513-35520	UBERON:0000992	denotes	ovarian
T7563	35530-35541	NCBITaxon:7742	denotes	vertebrates
T7564	35558-35565	SO:0000704	denotes	genetic
T7565	35621-35633	GO:0046661	denotes	male pathway
T7566	35686-35695	NCBITaxon:40674	denotes	mammalian
T7567	35696-35701	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonad
T7568	35787-35791	PR:000007500	denotes	Fgf9
T7569	35793-35802	GO:0010467	denotes	expressed
T7570	35812-35820	UBERON:0011997	denotes	coelomic
T7571	35834-35838	PR:000017444	denotes	Wnt4
T7572	35840-35849	GO:0010467	denotes	expressed
T7573	35859-35870	UBERON:0000080	denotes	mesonephric
T7574	35894-35903	NCBITaxon:40674	denotes	mammalian
T7575	35907-35913	UBERON:0000991	denotes	gonads
R6203	T10274	T10273	_lexicallyChainedTo	cell,Primary
R254	T659	T658	_lexicallyChainedTo	organs,development of
R255	T669	T668	_lexicallyChainedTo	gonad,development of
R256	T712	T711	_lexicallyChainedTo	of cells,proliferation
R257	T809	T808	_lexicallyChainedTo	cells,differentiation of
R1656	T2936	T2935	_lexicallyChainedTo	nucleus,import into
R1943	T3463	T3462	_lexicallyChainedTo	expression,up-regulation of
R3157	T5504	T5503	_lexicallyChainedTo	ducts,mesonephric
R3158	T5520	T5519	_lexicallyChainedTo	differentiation,male
R4223	T7408	T7407	_lexicallyChainedTo	transforming growth factor beta signaling,regulation of
R4224	T7410	T7409	_lexicallyChainedTo	signaling,regulation of WNT
R4225	T7411	T7407	_lexicallyChainedTo	FGF,regulation of
R4226	T7412	T7411	_lexicallyChainedTo	signaling,FGF
R4227	T7423	T7422	_lexicallyChainedTo	male,establishment of
R4228	T7424	T7423	_lexicallyChainedTo	program,male
R4229	T7425	T7422	_lexicallyChainedTo	female program,establishment of
R4230	T7461	T7460	_lexicallyChainedTo	male pathway,establishment of
R4231	T7543	T7542	_lexicallyChainedTo	expression,up-regulation of
R4232	T7585	T7584	_lexicallyChainedTo	male pathway,commitment to
R4233	T7600	T7599	_lexicallyChainedTo	female pathway,commitment to

PMC:1463023 JSONTXT

Annnotations TAB JSON ListView MergeView

craft-sa-dev

craft-ca-core-ex-dev

craft-ca-core-dev

PMC:1463023 JSON TXT