Id |
Subject |
Object |
Predicate |
Lexical cue |
T4020 |
0-11 |
JJ |
denotes |
Chromosomal |
T4021 |
12-24 |
NN |
denotes |
localization |
T4022 |
25-28 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T4023 |
29-39 |
NNS |
denotes |
structures |
T4024 |
40-42 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T4025 |
43-48 |
NN |
denotes |
mouse |
T4026 |
54-58 |
NN |
denotes |
gene |
T4027 |
49-53 |
NN |
denotes |
ESG1 |
T4028 |
59-62 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T4029 |
63-73 |
NNS |
denotes |
psedogenes |
T4030 |
73-256 |
sentence |
denotes |
To determine the chromosomal localizations of the mouse ESG1 gene and pseudogenes, we performed a Blast analysis of the mouse genomic database with the ESG1 cDNA sequence as a query. |
T4031 |
74-76 |
TO |
denotes |
To |
T4032 |
77-86 |
VB |
denotes |
determine |
T4033 |
160-169 |
VBD |
denotes |
performed |
T4034 |
87-90 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T4035 |
103-116 |
NNS |
denotes |
localizations |
T4036 |
91-102 |
JJ |
denotes |
chromosomal |
T4037 |
117-119 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T4038 |
120-123 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T4039 |
135-139 |
NN |
denotes |
gene |
T4040 |
124-129 |
NN |
denotes |
mouse |
T4041 |
130-134 |
NN |
denotes |
ESG1 |
T4042 |
140-143 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T4043 |
144-155 |
NNS |
denotes |
pseudogenes |
T4044 |
155-157 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4045 |
157-159 |
PRP |
denotes |
we |
T4046 |
170-171 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T4047 |
178-186 |
NN |
denotes |
analysis |
T4048 |
172-177 |
NNP |
denotes |
Blast |
T4049 |
187-189 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T4050 |
190-193 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T4051 |
208-216 |
NN |
denotes |
database |
T4052 |
194-199 |
NN |
denotes |
mouse |
T4053 |
200-207 |
JJ |
denotes |
genomic |
T4054 |
217-221 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T4055 |
222-225 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T4056 |
236-244 |
NN |
denotes |
sequence |
T4057 |
226-230 |
NN |
denotes |
ESG1 |
T4058 |
231-235 |
NN |
denotes |
cDNA |
T4059 |
245-247 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T4060 |
248-249 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T4061 |
250-255 |
NN |
denotes |
query |
T4062 |
255-256 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4063 |
256-374 |
sentence |
denotes |
We identified several putative pseudogenes without introns on chromosomes 1, 5, 11, 12, 14, 16, 17, and X (Figure 1). |
T4064 |
257-259 |
PRP |
denotes |
We |
T4065 |
260-270 |
VBD |
denotes |
identified |
T4066 |
271-278 |
JJ |
denotes |
several |
T4067 |
288-299 |
NNS |
denotes |
pseudogenes |
T4068 |
279-287 |
JJ |
denotes |
putative |
T4069 |
300-307 |
IN |
denotes |
without |
T4070 |
308-315 |
NNS |
denotes |
introns |
T4071 |
316-318 |
IN |
denotes |
on |
T4072 |
319-330 |
NNS |
denotes |
chromosomes |
T4073 |
361-362 |
NN |
denotes |
X |
T4074 |
331-332 |
CD |
denotes |
1 |
T4075 |
332-334 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4076 |
334-335 |
CD |
denotes |
5 |
T4077 |
335-337 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4078 |
337-339 |
CD |
denotes |
11 |
T4079 |
339-341 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4080 |
341-343 |
CD |
denotes |
12 |
T4081 |
343-345 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4082 |
345-347 |
CD |
denotes |
14 |
T4083 |
347-349 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4084 |
349-351 |
CD |
denotes |
16 |
T4085 |
351-353 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4086 |
353-355 |
CD |
denotes |
17 |
T4087 |
355-357 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4088 |
357-360 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T4089 |
363-364 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T4090 |
364-370 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T4091 |
371-372 |
CD |
denotes |
1 |
T4092 |
372-373 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T4093 |
373-374 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4094 |
374-506 |
sentence |
denotes |
In addition, two intron-less pseudogenes were identified in DNA fragments for which the chromosomal localization remained unmapped. |
T4122 |
558-560 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T4123 |
561-565 |
NN |
denotes |
ESG1 |
T4124 |
566-570 |
NN |
denotes |
cDNA |
T4125 |
570-572 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4126 |
572-576 |
PRP |
denotes |
they |
T4127 |
577-582 |
MD |
denotes |
could |
T4128 |
583-586 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T4129 |
595-605 |
JJ |
denotes |
functional |
T4130 |
606-614 |
NN |
denotes |
proteins |
T4131 |
614-616 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4132 |
616-623 |
IN |
denotes |
because |
T4133 |
624-626 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T4134 |
627-635 |
JJ |
denotes |
critical |
T4135 |
636-645 |
NNS |
denotes |
mutations |
T4136 |
645-646 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4137 |
646-754 |
sentence |
denotes |
This result suggests that there are a larger number of intron-less pseudogenes than previously anticipated. |
T4138 |
647-651 |
DT |
denotes |
This |
T4139 |
652-658 |
NN |
denotes |
result |
T4140 |
659-667 |
VBZ |
denotes |
suggests |
T4141 |
668-672 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T4142 |
679-682 |
VBP |
denotes |
are |
T4143 |
673-678 |
EX |
denotes |
there |
T4144 |
683-684 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T4145 |
692-698 |
NN |
denotes |
number |
T4146 |
685-691 |
JJR |
denotes |
larger |
T4147 |
699-701 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T4148 |
702-713 |
JJ |
denotes |
intron-less |
T4149 |
714-725 |
NNS |
denotes |
pseudogenes |
T4150 |
726-730 |
IN |
denotes |
than |
T4151 |
742-753 |
VBN |
denotes |
anticipated |
T4152 |
731-741 |
RB |
denotes |
previously |
T4153 |
753-754 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4154 |
754-848 |
sentence |
denotes |
Existence of multiple retropseudogenes is a hallmark of pluripotent cell-specific genes [18]. |
T4155 |
755-764 |
NN |
denotes |
Existence |
T4156 |
794-796 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T4157 |
765-767 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T4158 |
768-776 |
JJ |
denotes |
multiple |
T4159 |
777-793 |
NNS |
denotes |
retropseudogenes |
T4160 |
797-798 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T4161 |
799-807 |
NN |
denotes |
hallmark |
T4162 |
808-810 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T4163 |
811-822 |
JJ |
denotes |
pluripotent |
T4164 |
837-842 |
NNS |
denotes |
genes |
T4165 |
823-827 |
NN |
denotes |
cell |
T4166 |
828-836 |
JJ |
denotes |
specific |
T4167 |
827-828 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T4168 |
843-844 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T4169 |
844-846 |
CD |
denotes |
18 |
T4170 |
846-847 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T4171 |
847-848 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4172 |
848-849 |
sentence |
denotes |
|
T4187 |
1152-1156 |
NN |
denotes |
ESG1 |
T4188 |
1162-1166 |
WDT |
denotes |
that |
T4189 |
1167-1175 |
VBD |
denotes |
included |
T4190 |
1176-1179 |
CD |
denotes |
two |
T4191 |
1189-1196 |
NNS |
denotes |
introns |
T4192 |
1180-1188 |
JJ |
denotes |
putative |
T4193 |
1196-1197 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4194 |
1197-1305 |
sentence |
denotes |
These putative first and second exons, however, contained (4) multiple mutations of the ESG1 cDNA sequence. |
T4195 |
1198-1203 |
DT |
denotes |
These |
T4196 |
1230-1235 |
NNS |
denotes |
exons |
T4197 |
1204-1212 |
JJ |
denotes |
putative |
T4198 |
1213-1218 |
JJ |
denotes |
first |
T4199 |
1219-1222 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T4200 |
1223-1229 |
JJ |
denotes |
second |
T4201 |
1246-1255 |
VBD |
denotes |
contained |
T4202 |
1235-1237 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4203 |
1237-1244 |
RB |
denotes |
however |
T4204 |
1244-1246 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4205 |
1256-1257 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T4206 |
1257-1258 |
CD |
denotes |
4 |
T4207 |
1258-1259 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T4208 |
1260-1268 |
JJ |
denotes |
multiple |
T4209 |
1269-1278 |
NNS |
denotes |
mutations |
T4210 |
1279-1281 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T4211 |
1282-1285 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T4212 |
1296-1304 |
NN |
denotes |
sequence |
T4213 |
1286-1290 |
NN |
denotes |
ESG1 |
T4214 |
1291-1295 |
NN |
denotes |
cDNA |
T4215 |
1304-1305 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4216 |
1305-1389 |
sentence |
denotes |
The putative third exon was identical to that of the previously reported ESG1 gene. |
T4217 |
1306-1309 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T4218 |
1325-1329 |
NN |
denotes |
exon |
T4219 |
1310-1318 |
JJ |
denotes |
putative |
T4220 |
1319-1324 |
JJ |
denotes |
third |
T4221 |
1330-1333 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T4222 |
1334-1343 |
JJ |
denotes |
identical |
T4223 |
1344-1346 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T4224 |
1347-1351 |
DT |
denotes |
that |
T4225 |
1352-1354 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T4226 |
1355-1358 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T4227 |
1384-1388 |
NN |
denotes |
gene |
T4228 |
1359-1369 |
RB |
denotes |
previously |
T4229 |
1370-1378 |
VBN |
denotes |
reported |
T4230 |
1379-1383 |
NN |
denotes |
ESG1 |
T4231 |
1388-1389 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4232 |
1389-1519 |
sentence |
denotes |
Also on chromosome 9, we identified another DNA fragment that was similar, but not identical, to the third exon of the ESG1 gene. |
T4233 |
1390-1394 |
RB |
denotes |
Also |
T4234 |
1415-1425 |
VBD |
denotes |
identified |
T4235 |
1395-1397 |
IN |
denotes |
on |
T4236 |
1398-1408 |
NN |
denotes |
chromosome |
T4237 |
1409-1410 |
CD |
denotes |
9 |
T4238 |
1410-1412 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4239 |
1412-1414 |
PRP |
denotes |
we |
T4240 |
1426-1433 |
DT |
denotes |
another |
T4241 |
1438-1446 |
NN |
denotes |
fragment |
T4242 |
1434-1437 |
NN |
denotes |
DNA |
T4243 |
1447-1451 |
WDT |
denotes |
that |
T4244 |
1452-1455 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T4245 |
1456-1463 |
JJ |
denotes |
similar |
T4246 |
1463-1465 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4247 |
1465-1468 |
CC |
denotes |
but |
T4248 |
1469-1472 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T4249 |
1473-1482 |
JJ |
denotes |
identical |
T4250 |
1482-1484 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4251 |
1484-1486 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T4252 |
1487-1490 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T4253 |
1497-1501 |
NN |
denotes |
exon |
T4254 |
1491-1496 |
JJ |
denotes |
third |
T4255 |
1502-1504 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T4256 |
1505-1508 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T4257 |
1514-1518 |
NN |
denotes |
gene |
T4258 |
1509-1513 |
NN |
denotes |
ESG1 |
T4259 |
1518-1519 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4260 |
1519-1624 |
sentence |
denotes |
These findings suggest that these ESG1-like sequences on chromosome 9 have not been correctly assembled. |
T4261 |
1520-1525 |
DT |
denotes |
These |
T4262 |
1526-1534 |
NNS |
denotes |
findings |
T4263 |
1535-1542 |
VBP |
denotes |
suggest |
T4264 |
1543-1547 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T4265 |
1614-1623 |
VBN |
denotes |
assembled |
T4266 |
1548-1553 |
DT |
denotes |
these |
T4267 |
1564-1573 |
NNS |
denotes |
sequences |
T4268 |
1554-1558 |
NN |
denotes |
ESG1 |
T4269 |
1559-1563 |
JJ |
denotes |
like |
T4270 |
1558-1559 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T4271 |
1574-1576 |
IN |
denotes |
on |
T4272 |
1577-1587 |
NN |
denotes |
chromosome |
T4273 |
1588-1589 |
CD |
denotes |
9 |
T4274 |
1590-1594 |
VBP |
denotes |
have |
T4275 |
1595-1598 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T4276 |
1599-1603 |
VBN |
denotes |
been |
T4277 |
1604-1613 |
RB |
denotes |
correctly |
T4278 |
1623-1624 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4279 |
1624-1823 |
sentence |
denotes |
To obtain DNA fragments containing the ESG1 gene, we screened the bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) DNA pool by PCR using primer pairs that would only amplify the real gene, not the pseudogenes. |
T4280 |
1625-1627 |
TO |
denotes |
To |
T4281 |
1628-1634 |
VB |
denotes |
obtain |
T4282 |
1678-1686 |
VBD |
denotes |
screened |
T4283 |
1635-1638 |
NN |
denotes |
DNA |
T4284 |
1639-1648 |
NNS |
denotes |
fragments |
T4285 |
1649-1659 |
VBG |
denotes |
containing |
T4286 |
1660-1663 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T4287 |
1669-1673 |
NN |
denotes |
gene |
T4288 |
1664-1668 |
NN |
denotes |
ESG1 |
T4289 |
1673-1675 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4290 |
1675-1677 |
PRP |
denotes |
we |
T4291 |
1687-1690 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T4292 |
1733-1737 |
NN |
denotes |
pool |
T4293 |
1691-1700 |
JJ |
denotes |
bacterial |
T4294 |
1712-1722 |
NN |
denotes |
chromosome |
T4295 |
1701-1711 |
JJ |
denotes |
artificial |
T4296 |
1723-1724 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T4297 |
1724-1727 |
NN |
denotes |
BAC |
T4298 |
1727-1728 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T4299 |
1729-1732 |
NN |
denotes |
DNA |
T4300 |
1738-1740 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T4301 |
1741-1744 |
NN |
denotes |
PCR |
T4302 |
1745-1750 |
VBG |
denotes |
using |
T4303 |
1751-1757 |
NN |
denotes |
primer |
T4304 |
1758-1763 |
NNS |
denotes |
pairs |
T4305 |
1764-1768 |
WDT |
denotes |
that |
T4306 |
1780-1787 |
VB |
denotes |
amplify |
T4307 |
1769-1774 |
MD |
denotes |
would |
T4308 |
1775-1779 |
RB |
denotes |
only |
T4309 |
1788-1791 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T4310 |
1797-1801 |
NN |
denotes |
gene |
T4311 |
1792-1796 |
JJ |
denotes |
real |
T4312 |
1801-1803 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4313 |
1803-1806 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T4314 |
1811-1822 |
NNS |
denotes |
pseudogenes |
T4315 |
1807-1810 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T4316 |
1822-1823 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4317 |
1823-1880 |
sentence |
denotes |
We obtained two independent, but overlapping BAC clones. |
T4318 |
1824-1826 |
PRP |
denotes |
We |
T4319 |
1827-1835 |
VBD |
denotes |
obtained |
T4320 |
1836-1839 |
CD |
denotes |
two |
T4321 |
1873-1879 |
NNS |
denotes |
clones |
T4322 |
1840-1851 |
JJ |
denotes |
independent |
T4323 |
1851-1853 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4324 |
1853-1856 |
CC |
denotes |
but |
T4325 |
1857-1868 |
VBG |
denotes |
overlapping |
T4326 |
1869-1872 |
NN |
denotes |
BAC |
T4327 |
1879-1880 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4328 |
1880-2072 |
sentence |
denotes |
Southern blot analyses and sequencing demonstrated that these clones contained a sequence exhibiting complete identity with ESG1 cDNA that was interrupted by two putative introns (Figure 2A). |
T4329 |
1881-1889 |
NNP |
denotes |
Southern |
T4330 |
1890-1894 |
NN |
denotes |
blot |
T4331 |
1919-1931 |
VBD |
denotes |
demonstrated |
T4332 |
1895-1903 |
NNS |
denotes |
analyses |
T4333 |
1904-1907 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T4334 |
1908-1918 |
NN |
denotes |
sequencing |
T4335 |
1932-1936 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T4336 |
1950-1959 |
VBD |
denotes |
contained |
T4337 |
1937-1942 |
DT |
denotes |
these |
T4338 |
1943-1949 |
NNS |
denotes |
clones |
T4339 |
1960-1961 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T4340 |
1962-1970 |
NN |
denotes |
sequence |
T4341 |
1971-1981 |
VBG |
denotes |
exhibiting |
T4342 |
1982-1990 |
JJ |
denotes |
complete |
T4343 |
1991-1999 |
NN |
denotes |
identity |
T4344 |
2000-2004 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T4345 |
2005-2009 |
NN |
denotes |
ESG1 |
T4346 |
2010-2014 |
NN |
denotes |
cDNA |
T4347 |
2015-2019 |
WDT |
denotes |
that |
T4348 |
2024-2035 |
VBN |
denotes |
interrupted |
T4349 |
2020-2023 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T4350 |
2036-2038 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T4351 |
2039-2042 |
CD |
denotes |
two |
T4352 |
2052-2059 |
NNS |
denotes |
introns |
T4353 |
2043-2051 |
JJ |
denotes |
putative |
T4354 |
2060-2061 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T4355 |
2068-2070 |
NN |
denotes |
2A |
T4356 |
2061-2067 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T4357 |
2070-2071 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T4358 |
2071-2072 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4359 |
2072-2191 |
sentence |
denotes |
The two intron sequences begin with GT and terminate with AG, fulfilling the GT-AG rule of exon-intron junctions [19]. |
T4360 |
2073-2076 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T4361 |
2088-2097 |
NNS |
denotes |
sequences |
T4362 |
2077-2080 |
CD |
denotes |
two |
T4363 |
2081-2087 |
NN |
denotes |
intron |
T4364 |
2098-2103 |
VBP |
denotes |
begin |
T4365 |
2104-2108 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T4366 |
2109-2111 |
NN |
denotes |
GT |
T4367 |
2112-2115 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T4368 |
2116-2125 |
VB |
denotes |
terminate |
T4369 |
2126-2130 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T4395 |
2218-2222 |
DT |
denotes |
this |
T4396 |
2227-2235 |
NN |
denotes |
fragment |
T4397 |
2223-2226 |
NN |
denotes |
DNA |
T4398 |
2246-2252 |
JJ |
denotes |
strong |
T4399 |
2271-2279 |
NN |
denotes |
activity |
T4400 |
2253-2261 |
NN |
denotes |
promoter |
T4401 |
2262-2270 |
NN |
denotes |
enhancer |
T4402 |
2261-2262 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T4403 |
2280-2282 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T4404 |
2283-2293 |
NN |
denotes |
luciferase |
T4405 |
2303-2309 |
NNS |
denotes |
assays |
T4406 |
2294-2302 |
NN |
denotes |
reporter |
T4407 |
2310-2312 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T4408 |
2313-2329 |
JJ |
denotes |
undifferentiated |
T4409 |
2333-2338 |
NNS |
denotes |
cells |
T4410 |
2330-2332 |
NN |
denotes |
ES |
T4411 |
2338-2340 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4412 |
2340-2343 |
CC |
denotes |
but |
T4413 |
2344-2347 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T4414 |
2348-2350 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T4415 |
2351-2358 |
JJ |
denotes |
somatic |
T4416 |
2359-2364 |
NNS |
denotes |
cells |
T4417 |
2365-2366 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T4418 |
2366-2372 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T4419 |
2373-2374 |
CD |
denotes |
3 |
T4420 |
2374-2375 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T4421 |
2375-2376 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4422 |
2376-2475 |
sentence |
denotes |
The same fragment showed much weaker activity after induction of differentiation by retinoic acid. |
T4423 |
2377-2380 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T4424 |
2386-2394 |
NN |
denotes |
fragment |
T4425 |
2381-2385 |
JJ |
denotes |
same |
T4426 |
2395-2401 |
VBD |
denotes |
showed |
T4427 |
2402-2406 |
RB |
denotes |
much |
T4428 |
2407-2413 |
JJR |
denotes |
weaker |
T4429 |
2414-2422 |
NN |
denotes |
activity |
T4430 |
2423-2428 |
IN |
denotes |
after |
T4431 |
2429-2438 |
NN |
denotes |
induction |
T4432 |
2439-2441 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T4433 |
2442-2457 |
NN |
denotes |
differentiation |
T4434 |
2458-2460 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T4435 |
2461-2469 |
JJ |
denotes |
retinoic |
T4436 |
2470-2474 |
NN |
denotes |
acid |
T4437 |
2474-2475 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4438 |
2475-2525 |
sentence |
denotes |
We concluded that this sequence is the ESG1 gene. |
T4439 |
2476-2478 |
PRP |
denotes |
We |
T4440 |
2479-2488 |
VBD |
denotes |
concluded |
T4441 |
2489-2493 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T4442 |
2508-2510 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T4443 |
2494-2498 |
DT |
denotes |
this |
T4444 |
2499-2507 |
NN |
denotes |
sequence |
T4445 |
2511-2514 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T4446 |
2520-2524 |
NN |
denotes |
gene |
T4447 |
2515-2519 |
NN |
denotes |
ESG1 |
T4448 |
2524-2525 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4487 |
3563-3564 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4488 |
3564-3666 |
sentence |
denotes |
The ESG1-like sequence exhibited greater than 95% identity to the exons and introns of the ESG1 gene. |
T4489 |
3565-3568 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T4490 |
3579-3587 |
NN |
denotes |
sequence |
T4491 |
3569-3573 |
NN |
denotes |
ESG1 |
T4492 |
3574-3578 |
JJ |
denotes |
like |
T4493 |
3573-3574 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T4494 |
3588-3597 |
VBD |
denotes |
exhibited |
T4495 |
3598-3605 |
JJR |
denotes |
greater |
T4496 |
3611-3613 |
CD |
denotes |
95 |
T4497 |
3606-3610 |
IN |
denotes |
than |
T4498 |
3613-3614 |
NN |
denotes |
% |
T4499 |
3615-3623 |
NN |
denotes |
identity |
T4500 |
3624-3626 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T4501 |
3627-3630 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T4502 |
3631-3636 |
NNS |
denotes |
exons |
T4503 |
3637-3640 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T4504 |
3641-3648 |
NNS |
denotes |
introns |
T4505 |
3649-3651 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T4506 |
3652-3655 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T4507 |
3661-3665 |
NN |
denotes |
gene |
T4508 |
3656-3660 |
NN |
denotes |
ESG1 |
T4509 |
3665-3666 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4510 |
3666-3806 |
sentence |
denotes |
This sequence, however, contained critical nucleotide substitutions in all of the exons and one nucleotide insertion in exon 2 (Figure 2B). |
T4511 |
3667-3671 |
DT |
denotes |
This |
T4512 |
3672-3680 |
NN |
denotes |
sequence |
T4513 |
3691-3700 |
VBD |
denotes |
contained |
T4514 |
3680-3682 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4515 |
3682-3689 |
RB |
denotes |
however |
T4516 |
3689-3691 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4517 |
3701-3709 |
JJ |
denotes |
critical |
T4518 |
3721-3734 |
NNS |
denotes |
substitutions |
T4519 |
3710-3720 |
NN |
denotes |
nucleotide |
T4520 |
3735-3737 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T4521 |
3738-3741 |
DT |
denotes |
all |
T4522 |
3742-3744 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T4523 |
3745-3748 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T4524 |
3749-3754 |
NNS |
denotes |
exons |
T4525 |
3755-3758 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T4526 |
3759-3762 |
CD |
denotes |
one |
T4527 |
3774-3783 |
NN |
denotes |
insertion |
T4528 |
3763-3773 |
NN |
denotes |
nucleotide |
T4529 |
3784-3786 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T4530 |
3787-3791 |
NN |
denotes |
exon |
T4531 |
3792-3793 |
CD |
denotes |
2 |
T4532 |
3794-3795 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T4533 |
3802-3804 |
NN |
denotes |
2B |
T4534 |
3795-3801 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T4535 |
3804-3805 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T4536 |
3805-3806 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4537 |
3806-3977 |
sentence |
denotes |
Although 675 base pairs of the 3' flanking regions were conserved between the ESG1 gene and the pseudogene, only five base pairs of the 5' flanking region were identical. |
T4538 |
3807-3815 |
IN |
denotes |
Although |
T4539 |
3863-3872 |
VBN |
denotes |
conserved |
T4540 |
3816-3819 |
CD |
denotes |
675 |
T4541 |
3825-3830 |
NNS |
denotes |
pairs |
T4542 |
3820-3824 |
NN |
denotes |
base |
T4543 |
3831-3833 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T4544 |
3834-3837 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T4545 |
3850-3857 |
NNS |
denotes |
regions |
T4546 |
3838-3839 |
CD |
denotes |
3 |
T4547 |
3839-3840 |
SYM |
denotes |
' |
T4548 |
3841-3849 |
NN |
denotes |
flanking |
T4549 |
3858-3862 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T4550 |
3962-3966 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T4551 |
3873-3880 |
IN |
denotes |
between |
T4552 |
3881-3884 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T4553 |
3890-3894 |
NN |
denotes |
gene |
T4554 |
3885-3889 |
NN |
denotes |
ESG1 |
T4555 |
3895-3898 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T4556 |
3899-3902 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T4557 |
3903-3913 |
NN |
denotes |
pseudogene |
T4558 |
3913-3915 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4559 |
3915-3919 |
RB |
denotes |
only |
T4560 |
3930-3935 |
NNS |
denotes |
pairs |
T4561 |
3920-3924 |
CD |
denotes |
five |
T4562 |
3925-3929 |
NN |
denotes |
base |
T4563 |
3936-3938 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T4564 |
3939-3942 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T4565 |
3955-3961 |
NN |
denotes |
region |
T4566 |
3943-3944 |
CD |
denotes |
5 |
T4567 |
3944-3945 |
SYM |
denotes |
' |
T4568 |
3946-3954 |
NN |
denotes |
flanking |
T4569 |
3967-3976 |
JJ |
denotes |
identical |
T4570 |
3976-3977 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4571 |
3977-4099 |
sentence |
denotes |
This 5' flanking region (~6 kbp) did not possess any promoter/enhancer activity in luciferase reporter assays (Figure 3). |
T4572 |
3978-3982 |
DT |
denotes |
This |
T4573 |
3995-4001 |
NN |
denotes |
region |
T4574 |
3983-3984 |
CD |
denotes |
5 |
T4575 |
3984-3985 |
SYM |
denotes |
' |
T4576 |
3986-3994 |
NN |
denotes |
flanking |
T4577 |
4019-4026 |
VB |
denotes |
possess |
T4578 |
4002-4003 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T4579 |
4006-4009 |
NN |
denotes |
kbp |
T4580 |
4003-4004 |
SYM |
denotes |
~ |
T4581 |
4004-4005 |
CD |
denotes |
6 |
T4582 |
4009-4010 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T4583 |
4011-4014 |
VBD |
denotes |
did |
T4584 |
4015-4018 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T4585 |
4027-4030 |
DT |
denotes |
any |
T4586 |
4049-4057 |
NN |
denotes |
activity |
T4587 |
4031-4039 |
NN |
denotes |
promoter |
T4588 |
4040-4048 |
NN |
denotes |
enhancer |
T4589 |
4039-4040 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T4590 |
4058-4060 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T4591 |
4061-4071 |
NN |
denotes |
luciferase |
T4592 |
4072-4080 |
NN |
denotes |
reporter |
T4593 |
4081-4087 |
NNS |
denotes |
assays |
T4594 |
4088-4089 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T4595 |
4089-4095 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T4596 |
4096-4097 |
CD |
denotes |
3 |
T4597 |
4097-4098 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T4598 |
4098-4099 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4599 |
4099-4194 |
sentence |
denotes |
It is thus unlikely that this sequence is transcribed or translated into a functional protein. |
T4600 |
4100-4102 |
PRP |
denotes |
It |
T4601 |
4103-4105 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T4602 |
4106-4110 |
RB |
denotes |
thus |
T4603 |
4111-4119 |
JJ |
denotes |
unlikely |
T4604 |
4120-4124 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T4605 |
4142-4153 |
VBN |
denotes |
transcribed |
T4606 |
4125-4129 |
DT |
denotes |
this |
T4607 |
4130-4138 |
NN |
denotes |
sequence |
T4608 |
4139-4141 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T4609 |
4154-4156 |
CC |
denotes |
or |
T4610 |
4157-4167 |
VBN |
denotes |
translated |
T4611 |
4168-4172 |
IN |
denotes |
into |
T4612 |
4173-4174 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T4613 |
4186-4193 |
NN |
denotes |
protein |
T4614 |
4175-4185 |
JJ |
denotes |
functional |
T4615 |
4193-4194 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4616 |
4194-4252 |
sentence |
denotes |
This sequence likely represents a duplication pseudogene. |
T4617 |
4195-4199 |
DT |
denotes |
This |
T4618 |
4200-4208 |
NN |
denotes |
sequence |
T4619 |
4216-4226 |
VBZ |
denotes |
represents |
T4620 |
4209-4215 |
RB |
denotes |
likely |
T4621 |
4227-4228 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T4622 |
4241-4251 |
NN |
denotes |
pseudogene |
T4623 |
4229-4240 |
NN |
denotes |
duplication |
T4624 |
4251-4252 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4625 |
4252-4375 |
sentence |
denotes |
Bierbaum previously reported the existence of two pseudogenes with similar exon-intron organization as the ESG1 gene [17]. |
T4626 |
4253-4261 |
NN |
denotes |
Bierbaum |
T4627 |
4273-4281 |
VBD |
denotes |
reported |
T4628 |
4262-4272 |
RB |
denotes |
previously |
T4629 |
4282-4285 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T4630 |
4286-4295 |
NN |
denotes |
existence |
T4631 |
4296-4298 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T4632 |
4299-4302 |
CD |
denotes |
two |
T4633 |
4303-4314 |
NNS |
denotes |
pseudogenes |
T4634 |
4315-4319 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T4635 |
4320-4327 |
JJ |
denotes |
similar |
T4636 |
4340-4352 |
NN |
denotes |
organization |
T4637 |
4328-4332 |
NN |
denotes |
exon |
T4638 |
4333-4339 |
NN |
denotes |
intron |
T4639 |
4332-4333 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T4640 |
4353-4355 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T4641 |
4356-4359 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T4642 |
4365-4369 |
NN |
denotes |
gene |
T4643 |
4360-4364 |
NN |
denotes |
ESG1 |
T4644 |
4370-4371 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T4645 |
4371-4373 |
CD |
denotes |
17 |
T4646 |
4373-4374 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T4647 |
4374-4375 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4648 |
4375-4511 |
sentence |
denotes |
We could not determine which of these two pseudogenes corresponds to the one we identified or the location of the remaining pseudogene. |
T4649 |
4376-4378 |
PRP |
denotes |
We |
T4650 |
4389-4398 |
VB |
denotes |
determine |
T4651 |
4379-4384 |
MD |
denotes |
could |
T4652 |
4385-4388 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T4653 |
4399-4404 |
WDT |
denotes |
which |
T4654 |
4430-4441 |
VBZ |
denotes |
corresponds |
T4655 |
4405-4407 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T4656 |
4408-4413 |
DT |
denotes |
these |
T4657 |
4418-4429 |
NNS |
denotes |
pseudogenes |
T4658 |
4414-4417 |
CD |
denotes |
two |
T4659 |
4442-4444 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T4660 |
4445-4448 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T4661 |
4449-4452 |
CD |
denotes |
one |
T4662 |
4453-4455 |
PRP |
denotes |
we |
T4663 |
4456-4466 |
VBD |
denotes |
identified |
T4664 |
4467-4469 |
CC |
denotes |
or |
T4665 |
4470-4473 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T4666 |
4474-4482 |
NN |
denotes |
location |
T4667 |
4483-4485 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T4668 |
4486-4489 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T4669 |
4500-4510 |
NN |
denotes |
pseudogene |
T4670 |
4490-4499 |
VBG |
denotes |
remaining |
T4671 |
4510-4511 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T12055 |
859-874 |
NNS |
denotes |
ESG1pseudogenes |
T12056 |
875-885 |
VBN |
denotes |
identified |
T12057 |
886-888 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T12058 |
889-890 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T12059 |
897-903 |
NN |
denotes |
search |
T12060 |
891-896 |
NNP |
denotes |
Blast |
T12061 |
904-906 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T12062 |
907-912 |
NN |
denotes |
mouse |
T12063 |
921-930 |
NNS |
denotes |
databases |
T12064 |
913-920 |
JJ |
denotes |
genomic |
T12065 |
930-931 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T12066 |
931-984 |
sentence |
denotes |
Substitution mutations are indicated by black lines. |
T12067 |
932-944 |
NN |
denotes |
Substitution |
T12068 |
945-954 |
NNS |
denotes |
mutations |
T12069 |
959-968 |
VBN |
denotes |
indicated |
T12070 |
955-958 |
VBP |
denotes |
are |
T12071 |
969-971 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T12072 |
972-977 |
JJ |
denotes |
black |
T12073 |
978-983 |
NNS |
denotes |
lines |
T12074 |
983-984 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T12075 |
984-1040 |
sentence |
denotes |
Intron-like gap sequences are indicated with triangles. |
T12076 |
985-991 |
NN |
denotes |
Intron |
T12077 |
992-996 |
JJ |
denotes |
like |
T12078 |
991-992 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T12079 |
1001-1010 |
NNS |
denotes |
sequences |
T12080 |
997-1000 |
NN |
denotes |
gap |
T12081 |
1015-1024 |
VBN |
denotes |
indicated |
T12082 |
1011-1014 |
VBP |
denotes |
are |
T12083 |
1025-1029 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T12084 |
1030-1039 |
NNS |
denotes |
triangles |
T12085 |
1039-1040 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T12086 |
1040-1090 |
sentence |
denotes |
Chromosomal localizations are shown on the right. |
T12087 |
1041-1052 |
JJ |
denotes |
Chromosomal |
T12088 |
1053-1066 |
NNS |
denotes |
localizations |
T12089 |
1071-1076 |
VBN |
denotes |
shown |
T12090 |
1067-1070 |
VBP |
denotes |
are |
T12091 |
1077-1079 |
IN |
denotes |
on |
T12092 |
1080-1083 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T12093 |
1084-1089 |
NN |
denotes |
right |
T12094 |
1089-1090 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T12275 |
2536-2539 |
NN |
denotes |
BAC |
T12276 |
2540-2546 |
NNS |
denotes |
clones |
T12277 |
2547-2557 |
VBG |
denotes |
containing |
T12278 |
2558-2561 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T12279 |
2567-2571 |
NN |
denotes |
gene |
T12280 |
2562-2566 |
NN |
denotes |
ESG1 |
T12281 |
2572-2575 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T12282 |
2576-2577 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T12283 |
2590-2600 |
NN |
denotes |
pseudogene |
T12284 |
2578-2589 |
NN |
denotes |
duplication |
T12285 |
2601-2602 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T12286 |
2602-2604 |
NN |
denotes |
PS |
T12287 |
2604-2605 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T12288 |
2605-2606 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T12289 |
2606-2658 |
sentence |
denotes |
A) Localization of the gene and PS on chromosome 9. |
T12290 |
2607-2608 |
LS |
denotes |
A |
T12291 |
2610-2622 |
NN |
denotes |
Localization |
T12292 |
2608-2609 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T12293 |
2623-2625 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T12294 |
2626-2629 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T12295 |
2630-2634 |
NN |
denotes |
gene |
T12296 |
2635-2638 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T12297 |
2639-2641 |
NN |
denotes |
PS |
T12298 |
2642-2644 |
IN |
denotes |
on |
T12299 |
2645-2655 |
NN |
denotes |
chromosome |
T12300 |
2656-2657 |
CD |
denotes |
9 |
T12301 |
2657-2658 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T12302 |
2658-2824 |
sentence |
denotes |
B) Sequence comparison of the gene and PS revealed that these are homologous from eight base pairs upstream of the first exon to 675 bp downstream of the third exon. |
T12303 |
2659-2660 |
LS |
denotes |
B |
T12304 |
2701-2709 |
VBD |
denotes |
revealed |
T12305 |
2660-2661 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T12306 |
2662-2670 |
NN |
denotes |
Sequence |
T12307 |
2671-2681 |
NN |
denotes |
comparison |
T12308 |
2682-2684 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T12309 |
2685-2688 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T12310 |
2689-2693 |
NN |
denotes |
gene |
T12311 |
2694-2697 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T12312 |
2698-2700 |
NN |
denotes |
PS |
T12313 |
2710-2714 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T12314 |
2721-2724 |
VBP |
denotes |
are |
T12315 |
2715-2720 |
DT |
denotes |
these |
T12316 |
2725-2735 |
JJ |
denotes |
homologous |
T12317 |
2736-2740 |
IN |
denotes |
from |
T12318 |
2741-2746 |
CD |
denotes |
eight |
T12319 |
2752-2757 |
NNS |
denotes |
pairs |
T12320 |
2747-2751 |
NN |
denotes |
base |
T12321 |
2758-2766 |
RB |
denotes |
upstream |
T12322 |
2767-2769 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T12323 |
2770-2773 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T12324 |
2780-2784 |
NN |
denotes |
exon |
T12325 |
2774-2779 |
JJ |
denotes |
first |
T12326 |
2785-2787 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T12327 |
2788-2791 |
CD |
denotes |
675 |
T12328 |
2792-2794 |
NN |
denotes |
bp |
T12329 |
2795-2805 |
RB |
denotes |
downstream |
T12330 |
2806-2808 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T12331 |
2809-2812 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T12332 |
2819-2823 |
NN |
denotes |
exon |
T12333 |
2813-2818 |
JJ |
denotes |
third |
T12334 |
2823-2824 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T12335 |
2824-2877 |
sentence |
denotes |
Substitution mutations are indicated by black lines. |
T12336 |
2825-2837 |
NN |
denotes |
Substitution |
T12337 |
2838-2847 |
NNS |
denotes |
mutations |
T12338 |
2852-2861 |
VBN |
denotes |
indicated |
T12339 |
2848-2851 |
VBP |
denotes |
are |
T12340 |
2862-2864 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T12341 |
2865-2870 |
JJ |
denotes |
black |
T12342 |
2871-2876 |
NNS |
denotes |
lines |
T12343 |
2876-2877 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T12344 |
2877-2925 |
sentence |
denotes |
The insertion is indicated by an open triangle. |
T12345 |
2878-2881 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T12346 |
2882-2891 |
NN |
denotes |
insertion |
T12347 |
2895-2904 |
VBN |
denotes |
indicated |
T12348 |
2892-2894 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T12349 |
2905-2907 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T12350 |
2908-2910 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T12351 |
2916-2924 |
NN |
denotes |
triangle |
T12352 |
2911-2915 |
JJ |
denotes |
open |
T12353 |
2924-2925 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T12543 |
2936-2944 |
NN |
denotes |
Promoter |
T12544 |
2945-2953 |
NN |
denotes |
enhancer |
T12545 |
2944-2945 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T12546 |
2954-2962 |
NN |
denotes |
activity |
T12547 |
2963-2965 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T12548 |
2966-2969 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T12549 |
2975-2979 |
NN |
denotes |
gene |
T12550 |
2970-2974 |
NN |
denotes |
ESG1 |
T12551 |
2980-2983 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T12552 |
2984-2994 |
NN |
denotes |
pseudogene |
T12553 |
2994-2995 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T12554 |
2995-3128 |
sentence |
denotes |
DNA fragments of ~6 kbp isolated from the 5' flanking regions of the gene and PS were transferred into luciferase reporter plasmids. |
T12555 |
2996-2999 |
NN |
denotes |
DNA |
T12556 |
3000-3009 |
NNS |
denotes |
fragments |
T12557 |
3082-3093 |
VBN |
denotes |
transferred |
T12558 |
3010-3012 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T12559 |
3013-3014 |
SYM |
denotes |
~ |
T12560 |
3014-3015 |
CD |
denotes |
6 |
T12561 |
3016-3019 |
NN |
denotes |
kbp |
T12562 |
3020-3028 |
VBN |
denotes |
isolated |
T12563 |
3029-3033 |
IN |
denotes |
from |
T12564 |
3034-3037 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T12565 |
3050-3057 |
NNS |
denotes |
regions |
T12566 |
3038-3039 |
CD |
denotes |
5 |
T12567 |
3039-3040 |
SYM |
denotes |
' |
T12568 |
3041-3049 |
NN |
denotes |
flanking |
T12569 |
3058-3060 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T12570 |
3061-3064 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T12571 |
3065-3069 |
NN |
denotes |
gene |
T12572 |
3070-3073 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T12573 |
3074-3076 |
NN |
denotes |
PS |
T12574 |
3077-3081 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T12575 |
3094-3098 |
IN |
denotes |
into |
T12576 |
3099-3109 |
NN |
denotes |
luciferase |
T12577 |
3110-3118 |
NN |
denotes |
reporter |
T12578 |
3119-3127 |
NNS |
denotes |
plasmids |
T12579 |
3127-3128 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T12580 |
3128-3290 |
sentence |
denotes |
We introduced the reporter genes into undifferentiated ES cells (open columns), retinoic acid-treated ES cells (grey columns), and NIH3T3 cells (closed columns). |
T12581 |
3129-3131 |
PRP |
denotes |
We |
T12582 |
3132-3142 |
VBD |
denotes |
introduced |
T12583 |
3143-3146 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T12584 |
3156-3161 |
NNS |
denotes |
genes |
T12585 |
3147-3155 |
NN |
denotes |
reporter |
T12586 |
3162-3166 |
IN |
denotes |
into |
T12587 |
3167-3183 |
JJ |
denotes |
undifferentiated |
T12588 |
3187-3192 |
NNS |
denotes |
cells |
T12589 |
3184-3186 |
NN |
denotes |
ES |
T12590 |
3193-3194 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T12591 |
3199-3206 |
NNS |
denotes |
columns |
T12592 |
3194-3198 |
JJ |
denotes |
open |
T12593 |
3206-3207 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T12594 |
3207-3209 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T12595 |
3209-3217 |
JJ |
denotes |
retinoic |
T12596 |
3218-3222 |
NN |
denotes |
acid |
T12597 |
3223-3230 |
VBN |
denotes |
treated |
T12598 |
3222-3223 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T12599 |
3234-3239 |
NNS |
denotes |
cells |
T12600 |
3231-3233 |
NN |
denotes |
ES |
T12601 |
3240-3241 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T12602 |
3246-3253 |
NNS |
denotes |
columns |
T12603 |
3241-3245 |
JJ |
denotes |
grey |
T12604 |
3253-3254 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T12605 |
3254-3256 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T12606 |
3256-3259 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T12607 |
3260-3266 |
NN |
denotes |
NIH3T3 |
T12608 |
3267-3272 |
NNS |
denotes |
cells |
T12609 |
3273-3274 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T12610 |
3281-3288 |
NNS |
denotes |
columns |
T12611 |
3274-3280 |
VBN |
denotes |
closed |
T12612 |
3288-3289 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T12613 |
3289-3290 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T12614 |
3290-3376 |
sentence |
denotes |
Data represent the averages and standard deviations of three independent experiments. |
T12615 |
3291-3295 |
NNS |
denotes |
Data |
T12616 |
3296-3305 |
VBP |
denotes |
represent |
T12617 |
3306-3309 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T12618 |
3310-3318 |
NNS |
denotes |
averages |
T12619 |
3319-3322 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T12620 |
3323-3331 |
JJ |
denotes |
standard |
T12621 |
3332-3342 |
NNS |
denotes |
deviations |
T12622 |
3343-3345 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T12623 |
3346-3351 |
CD |
denotes |
three |
T12624 |
3364-3375 |
NNS |
denotes |
experiments |
T12625 |
3352-3363 |
JJ |
denotes |
independent |
T12626 |
3375-3376 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4103 |
432-434 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T4104 |
435-438 |
NN |
denotes |
DNA |
T4105 |
439-448 |
NNS |
denotes |
fragments |
T4106 |
449-452 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T4107 |
488-496 |
VBD |
denotes |
remained |
T4108 |
453-458 |
WDT |
denotes |
which |
T4109 |
459-462 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T4110 |
475-487 |
NN |
denotes |
localization |
T4111 |
463-474 |
JJ |
denotes |
chromosomal |
T4112 |
497-505 |
JJ |
denotes |
unmapped |
T4113 |
505-506 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4114 |
506-646 |
sentence |
denotes |
While these pseudodgenes have significant homology to ESG1 cDNA, they could not produce functional proteins, because of critical mutations. |
T4115 |
507-512 |
IN |
denotes |
While |
T4116 |
532-536 |
VBP |
denotes |
have |
T4117 |
513-518 |
DT |
denotes |
these |
T4118 |
519-531 |
NNS |
denotes |
pseudodgenes |
T4119 |
587-594 |
VB |
denotes |
produce |
T4120 |
537-548 |
JJ |
denotes |
significant |
T4121 |
549-557 |
NN |
denotes |
homology |
T4183 |
1137-1144 |
JJ |
denotes |
similar |
T4184 |
1145-1147 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T4185 |
1148-1151 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T4186 |
1157-1161 |
NN |
denotes |
gene |
T4386 |
2190-2191 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4387 |
2191-2376 |
sentence |
denotes |
The 5' flanking region of this DNA fragment exhibited strong promoter/enhancer activity by luciferase reporter assays in undifferentiated ES cells, but not in somatic cells (Figure 3). |
T4388 |
2192-2195 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T4389 |
2208-2214 |
NN |
denotes |
region |
T4390 |
2196-2197 |
CD |
denotes |
5 |
T4391 |
2197-2198 |
SYM |
denotes |
' |
T4392 |
2199-2207 |
NN |
denotes |
flanking |
T4393 |
2236-2245 |
VBD |
denotes |
exhibited |
T4394 |
2215-2217 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T4477 |
3497-3498 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T4478 |
3517-3525 |
NN |
denotes |
sequence |
T4479 |
3499-3501 |
CD |
denotes |
68 |
T4480 |
3502-3505 |
NN |
denotes |
kbp |
T4481 |
3506-3516 |
JJ |
denotes |
intergenic |
T4482 |
3525-3527 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4483 |
3527-3531 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T4484 |
3541-3543 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T4485 |
3544-3552 |
JJ |
denotes |
opposite |
T4486 |
3553-3563 |
NNS |
denotes |
directions |
T4095 |
375-377 |
IN |
denotes |
In |
T4096 |
421-431 |
VBN |
denotes |
identified |
T4097 |
378-386 |
NN |
denotes |
addition |
T4098 |
386-388 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4099 |
388-391 |
CD |
denotes |
two |
T4100 |
404-415 |
NNS |
denotes |
pseudogenes |
T4101 |
392-403 |
JJ |
denotes |
intron-less |
T4102 |
416-420 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T4173 |
1091-1197 |
sentence |
denotes |
On chromosome 9, we identified a DNA fragment similar to the ESG1 gene that included two putative introns. |
T4174 |
1091-1093 |
IN |
denotes |
On |
T4175 |
1111-1121 |
VBD |
denotes |
identified |
T4176 |
1094-1104 |
NN |
denotes |
chromosome |
T4177 |
1105-1106 |
CD |
denotes |
9 |
T4178 |
1106-1108 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4179 |
1108-1110 |
PRP |
denotes |
we |
T4180 |
1122-1123 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T4181 |
1128-1136 |
NN |
denotes |
fragment |
T4182 |
1124-1127 |
NN |
denotes |
DNA |
T4370 |
2131-2133 |
NN |
denotes |
AG |
T4371 |
2133-2135 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4372 |
2135-2145 |
VBG |
denotes |
fulfilling |
T4373 |
2146-2149 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T4374 |
2156-2160 |
NN |
denotes |
rule |
T4375 |
2150-2152 |
NN |
denotes |
GT |
T4376 |
2153-2155 |
NN |
denotes |
AG |
T4377 |
2152-2153 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T4378 |
2161-2163 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T4379 |
2164-2168 |
NN |
denotes |
exon |
T4380 |
2169-2175 |
NN |
denotes |
intron |
T4381 |
2168-2169 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T4382 |
2176-2185 |
NNS |
denotes |
junctions |
T4383 |
2186-2187 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T4384 |
2187-2189 |
CD |
denotes |
19 |
T4385 |
2189-2190 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T4449 |
2525-3464 |
sentence |
denotes |
Figure 2 BAC clones containing the ESG1 gene and a duplication pseudogene (PS). A) Localization of the gene and PS on chromosome 9. B) Sequence comparison of the gene and PS revealed that these are homologous from eight base pairs upstream of the first exon to 675 bp downstream of the third exon. Substitution mutations are indicated by black lines. The insertion is indicated by an open triangle.
Figure 3 Promoter/enhancer activity of the ESG1 gene and pseudogene. DNA fragments of ~6 kbp isolated from the 5' flanking regions of the gene and PS were transferred into luciferase reporter plasmids. We introduced the reporter genes into undifferentiated ES cells (open columns), retinoic acid-treated ES cells (grey columns), and NIH3T3 cells (closed columns). Data represent the averages and standard deviations of three independent experiments. We also found that the two BAC clones contained another ESG1-like sequence (Figure 2A). |
T4450 |
3377-3379 |
PRP |
denotes |
We |
T4451 |
3385-3390 |
VBD |
denotes |
found |
T4452 |
3380-3384 |
RB |
denotes |
also |
T4453 |
3391-3395 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T4454 |
3415-3424 |
VBD |
denotes |
contained |
T4455 |
3396-3399 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T4456 |
3408-3414 |
NNS |
denotes |
clones |
T4457 |
3400-3403 |
CD |
denotes |
two |
T4458 |
3404-3407 |
NN |
denotes |
BAC |
T4459 |
3425-3432 |
DT |
denotes |
another |
T4460 |
3443-3451 |
NN |
denotes |
sequence |
T4461 |
3433-3437 |
NN |
denotes |
ESG1 |
T4462 |
3438-3442 |
JJ |
denotes |
like |
T4463 |
3437-3438 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T4464 |
3452-3453 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T4465 |
3460-3462 |
NN |
denotes |
2A |
T4466 |
3453-3459 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T4467 |
3462-3463 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T4468 |
3463-3464 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4469 |
3464-3564 |
sentence |
denotes |
The two sequences, separated by a 68 kbp intergenic sequence, were oriented in opposite directions. |
T4470 |
3465-3468 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T4471 |
3473-3482 |
NNS |
denotes |
sequences |
T4472 |
3469-3472 |
CD |
denotes |
two |
T4473 |
3532-3540 |
VBN |
denotes |
oriented |
T4474 |
3482-3484 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4475 |
3484-3493 |
VBN |
denotes |
separated |
T4476 |
3494-3496 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
R734 |
T4020 |
T4021 |
amod |
Chromosomal,localization |
R735 |
T4022 |
T4021 |
cc |
and,localization |
R736 |
T4023 |
T4021 |
conj |
structures,localization |
R737 |
T4024 |
T4021 |
prep |
of,localization |
R738 |
T4025 |
T4026 |
compound |
mouse,gene |
R739 |
T4026 |
T4024 |
pobj |
gene,of |
R740 |
T4027 |
T4026 |
compound |
ESG1,gene |
R741 |
T4028 |
T4026 |
cc |
and,gene |
R742 |
T4029 |
T4026 |
conj |
psedogenes,gene |
R743 |
T4031 |
T4032 |
aux |
To,determine |
R744 |
T4032 |
T4033 |
advcl |
determine,performed |
R745 |
T4034 |
T4035 |
det |
the,localizations |
R746 |
T4035 |
T4032 |
dobj |
localizations,determine |
R747 |
T4036 |
T4035 |
amod |
chromosomal,localizations |
R748 |
T4037 |
T4035 |
prep |
of,localizations |
R749 |
T4038 |
T4039 |
det |
the,gene |
R750 |
T4039 |
T4037 |
pobj |
gene,of |
R751 |
T4040 |
T4039 |
compound |
mouse,gene |
R752 |
T4041 |
T4039 |
compound |
ESG1,gene |
R753 |
T4042 |
T4039 |
cc |
and,gene |
R754 |
T4043 |
T4039 |
conj |
pseudogenes,gene |
R755 |
T4044 |
T4033 |
punct |
", ",performed |
R756 |
T4045 |
T4033 |
nsubj |
we,performed |
R757 |
T4046 |
T4047 |
det |
a,analysis |
R758 |
T4047 |
T4033 |
dobj |
analysis,performed |
R759 |
T4048 |
T4047 |
compound |
Blast,analysis |
R760 |
T4049 |
T4047 |
prep |
of,analysis |
R761 |
T4050 |
T4051 |
det |
the,database |
R762 |
T4051 |
T4049 |
pobj |
database,of |
R763 |
T4052 |
T4051 |
nmod |
mouse,database |
R764 |
T4053 |
T4051 |
amod |
genomic,database |
R765 |
T4054 |
T4033 |
prep |
with,performed |
R766 |
T4055 |
T4056 |
det |
the,sequence |
R767 |
T4056 |
T4054 |
pobj |
sequence,with |
R768 |
T4057 |
T4056 |
compound |
ESG1,sequence |
R769 |
T4058 |
T4056 |
compound |
cDNA,sequence |
R770 |
T4059 |
T4056 |
prep |
as,sequence |
R771 |
T4060 |
T4061 |
det |
a,query |
R772 |
T4061 |
T4059 |
pobj |
query,as |
R773 |
T4062 |
T4033 |
punct |
.,performed |
R774 |
T4064 |
T4065 |
nsubj |
We,identified |
R775 |
T4066 |
T4067 |
amod |
several,pseudogenes |
R776 |
T4067 |
T4065 |
dobj |
pseudogenes,identified |
R777 |
T4068 |
T4067 |
amod |
putative,pseudogenes |
R778 |
T4069 |
T4067 |
prep |
without,pseudogenes |
R779 |
T4070 |
T4069 |
pobj |
introns,without |
R780 |
T4071 |
T4065 |
prep |
on,identified |
R781 |
T4072 |
T4073 |
nmod |
chromosomes,X |
R782 |
T4073 |
T4071 |
pobj |
X,on |
R783 |
T4074 |
T4073 |
nummod |
1,X |
R784 |
T4075 |
T4073 |
punct |
", ",X |
R785 |
T4076 |
T4073 |
nummod |
5,X |
R786 |
T4077 |
T4073 |
punct |
", ",X |
R787 |
T4078 |
T4073 |
nummod |
11,X |
R788 |
T4079 |
T4073 |
punct |
", ",X |
R789 |
T4080 |
T4073 |
nummod |
12,X |
R790 |
T4081 |
T4073 |
punct |
", ",X |
R791 |
T4082 |
T4073 |
nummod |
14,X |
R792 |
T4083 |
T4073 |
punct |
", ",X |
R793 |
T4084 |
T4073 |
nummod |
16,X |
R794 |
T4085 |
T4073 |
punct |
", ",X |
R795 |
T4086 |
T4073 |
nummod |
17,X |
R796 |
T4087 |
T4073 |
punct |
", ",X |
R797 |
T4088 |
T4073 |
cc |
and,X |
R798 |
T4089 |
T4090 |
punct |
(,Figure |
R799 |
T4090 |
T4065 |
parataxis |
Figure,identified |
R800 |
T4091 |
T4090 |
nummod |
1,Figure |
R801 |
T4092 |
T4090 |
punct |
),Figure |
R802 |
T4093 |
T4065 |
punct |
.,identified |
R803 |
T4095 |
T4096 |
prep |
In,identified |
R804 |
T4097 |
T4095 |
pobj |
addition,In |
R805 |
T4098 |
T4096 |
punct |
", ",identified |
R806 |
T4099 |
T4100 |
nummod |
two,pseudogenes |
R807 |
T4100 |
T4096 |
nsubjpass |
pseudogenes,identified |
R808 |
T4101 |
T4100 |
amod |
intron-less,pseudogenes |
R809 |
T4102 |
T4096 |
auxpass |
were,identified |
R810 |
T4103 |
T4096 |
prep |
in,identified |
R811 |
T4104 |
T4105 |
compound |
DNA,fragments |
R812 |
T4105 |
T4103 |
pobj |
fragments,in |
R813 |
T4106 |
T4107 |
prep |
for,remained |
R814 |
T4107 |
T4105 |
relcl |
remained,fragments |
R815 |
T4108 |
T4106 |
pobj |
which,for |
R816 |
T4109 |
T4110 |
det |
the,localization |
R817 |
T4110 |
T4107 |
nsubj |
localization,remained |
R818 |
T4111 |
T4110 |
amod |
chromosomal,localization |
R819 |
T4112 |
T4107 |
acomp |
unmapped,remained |
R820 |
T4113 |
T4096 |
punct |
.,identified |
R821 |
T4115 |
T4116 |
mark |
While,have |
R822 |
T4116 |
T4119 |
advcl |
have,produce |
R823 |
T4117 |
T4118 |
det |
these,pseudodgenes |
R824 |
T4118 |
T4116 |
nsubj |
pseudodgenes,have |
R825 |
T4120 |
T4121 |
amod |
significant,homology |
R826 |
T4121 |
T4116 |
dobj |
homology,have |
R827 |
T4122 |
T4121 |
prep |
to,homology |
R862 |
T4161 |
T4156 |
attr |
hallmark,is |
R863 |
T4162 |
T4161 |
prep |
of,hallmark |
R864 |
T4163 |
T4164 |
amod |
pluripotent,genes |
R865 |
T4164 |
T4162 |
pobj |
genes,of |
R866 |
T4165 |
T4166 |
npadvmod |
cell,specific |
R867 |
T4166 |
T4164 |
amod |
specific,genes |
R868 |
T4167 |
T4166 |
punct |
-,specific |
R869 |
T4168 |
T4169 |
punct |
[,18 |
R870 |
T4169 |
T4161 |
parataxis |
18,hallmark |
R871 |
T4170 |
T4169 |
punct |
],18 |
R872 |
T4171 |
T4156 |
punct |
.,is |
R873 |
T4174 |
T4175 |
prep |
On,identified |
R874 |
T4176 |
T4174 |
pobj |
chromosome,On |
R875 |
T4177 |
T4176 |
nummod |
9,chromosome |
R876 |
T4178 |
T4175 |
punct |
", ",identified |
R877 |
T4179 |
T4175 |
nsubj |
we,identified |
R878 |
T4180 |
T4181 |
det |
a,fragment |
R879 |
T4181 |
T4175 |
dobj |
fragment,identified |
R880 |
T4182 |
T4181 |
compound |
DNA,fragment |
R881 |
T4183 |
T4181 |
amod |
similar,fragment |
R882 |
T4184 |
T4183 |
prep |
to,similar |
R883 |
T4185 |
T4186 |
det |
the,gene |
R884 |
T4186 |
T4184 |
pobj |
gene,to |
R885 |
T4187 |
T4186 |
compound |
ESG1,gene |
R886 |
T4188 |
T4189 |
dep |
that,included |
R887 |
T4189 |
T4186 |
relcl |
included,gene |
R888 |
T4190 |
T4191 |
nummod |
two,introns |
R889 |
T4191 |
T4189 |
dobj |
introns,included |
R890 |
T4192 |
T4191 |
amod |
putative,introns |
R891 |
T4193 |
T4175 |
punct |
.,identified |
R892 |
T4195 |
T4196 |
det |
These,exons |
R893 |
T4196 |
T4201 |
nsubj |
exons,contained |
R894 |
T4197 |
T4196 |
amod |
putative,exons |
R895 |
T4198 |
T4196 |
amod |
first,exons |
R896 |
T4199 |
T4198 |
cc |
and,first |
R897 |
T4200 |
T4198 |
conj |
second,first |
R898 |
T4202 |
T4201 |
punct |
", ",contained |
R899 |
T4203 |
T4201 |
advmod |
however,contained |
R900 |
T4204 |
T4201 |
punct |
", ",contained |
R901 |
T4205 |
T4206 |
punct |
(,4 |
R902 |
T4206 |
T4201 |
parataxis |
4,contained |
R903 |
T4207 |
T4206 |
punct |
),4 |
R904 |
T4208 |
T4209 |
amod |
multiple,mutations |
R905 |
T4209 |
T4201 |
dobj |
mutations,contained |
R906 |
T4210 |
T4209 |
prep |
of,mutations |
R907 |
T4211 |
T4212 |
det |
the,sequence |
R908 |
T4212 |
T4210 |
pobj |
sequence,of |
R909 |
T4213 |
T4212 |
compound |
ESG1,sequence |
R910 |
T4214 |
T4212 |
compound |
cDNA,sequence |
R911 |
T4215 |
T4201 |
punct |
.,contained |
R912 |
T4217 |
T4218 |
det |
The,exon |
R913 |
T4218 |
T4221 |
nsubj |
exon,was |
R914 |
T4219 |
T4218 |
amod |
putative,exon |
R915 |
T4220 |
T4218 |
amod |
third,exon |
R916 |
T4222 |
T4221 |
acomp |
identical,was |
R917 |
T4223 |
T4222 |
prep |
to,identical |
R918 |
T4224 |
T4223 |
pobj |
that,to |
R919 |
T4225 |
T4224 |
prep |
of,that |
R920 |
T4226 |
T4227 |
det |
the,gene |
R921 |
T4227 |
T4225 |
pobj |
gene,of |
R922 |
T4228 |
T4229 |
advmod |
previously,reported |
R923 |
T4229 |
T4227 |
amod |
reported,gene |
R924 |
T4230 |
T4227 |
compound |
ESG1,gene |
R925 |
T4231 |
T4221 |
punct |
.,was |
R926 |
T4233 |
T4234 |
advmod |
Also,identified |
R927 |
T4235 |
T4234 |
prep |
on,identified |
R928 |
T4236 |
T4235 |
pobj |
chromosome,on |
R929 |
T4237 |
T4236 |
nummod |
9,chromosome |
R930 |
T4238 |
T4234 |
punct |
", ",identified |
R931 |
T4239 |
T4234 |
nsubj |
we,identified |
R932 |
T4240 |
T4241 |
det |
another,fragment |
R933 |
T4241 |
T4234 |
dobj |
fragment,identified |
R934 |
T4242 |
T4241 |
compound |
DNA,fragment |
R935 |
T4243 |
T4244 |
dep |
that,was |
R936 |
T4244 |
T4241 |
relcl |
was,fragment |
R937 |
T4245 |
T4244 |
acomp |
similar,was |
R938 |
T4246 |
T4245 |
punct |
", ",similar |
R939 |
T4247 |
T4245 |
cc |
but,similar |
R940 |
T4248 |
T4247 |
neg |
not,but |
R941 |
T4249 |
T4245 |
conj |
identical,similar |
R942 |
T4250 |
T4249 |
punct |
", ",identical |
R943 |
T4251 |
T4249 |
conj |
to,identical |
R944 |
T4252 |
T4253 |
det |
the,exon |
R945 |
T4253 |
T4251 |
pobj |
exon,to |
R946 |
T4254 |
T4253 |
amod |
third,exon |
R947 |
T4255 |
T4253 |
prep |
of,exon |
R948 |
T4256 |
T4257 |
det |
the,gene |
R949 |
T4257 |
T4255 |
pobj |
gene,of |
R950 |
T4258 |
T4257 |
compound |
ESG1,gene |
R951 |
T4259 |
T4234 |
punct |
.,identified |
R952 |
T4261 |
T4262 |
det |
These,findings |
R953 |
T4262 |
T4263 |
nsubj |
findings,suggest |
R954 |
T4264 |
T4265 |
mark |
that,assembled |
R955 |
T4265 |
T4263 |
ccomp |
assembled,suggest |
R956 |
T4266 |
T4267 |
det |
these,sequences |
R957 |
T4267 |
T4265 |
nsubjpass |
sequences,assembled |
R958 |
T4268 |
T4269 |
npadvmod |
ESG1,like |
R959 |
T4269 |
T4267 |
amod |
like,sequences |
R960 |
T4270 |
T4269 |
punct |
-,like |
R961 |
T4271 |
T4267 |
prep |
on,sequences |
R962 |
T4272 |
T4271 |
pobj |
chromosome,on |
R963 |
T4273 |
T4272 |
nummod |
9,chromosome |
R964 |
T4274 |
T4265 |
aux |
have,assembled |
R965 |
T4275 |
T4265 |
neg |
not,assembled |
R966 |
T4276 |
T4265 |
auxpass |
been,assembled |
R967 |
T4277 |
T4265 |
advmod |
correctly,assembled |
R968 |
T4278 |
T4263 |
punct |
.,suggest |
R969 |
T4280 |
T4281 |
aux |
To,obtain |
R970 |
T4281 |
T4282 |
advcl |
obtain,screened |
R971 |
T4283 |
T4284 |
compound |
DNA,fragments |
R972 |
T4284 |
T4281 |
dobj |
fragments,obtain |
R973 |
T4285 |
T4284 |
acl |
containing,fragments |
R974 |
T4286 |
T4287 |
det |
the,gene |
R975 |
T4287 |
T4285 |
dobj |
gene,containing |
R976 |
T4288 |
T4287 |
compound |
ESG1,gene |
R977 |
T4289 |
T4282 |
punct |
", ",screened |
R978 |
T4290 |
T4282 |
nsubj |
we,screened |
R979 |
T4291 |
T4292 |
det |
the,pool |
R980 |
T4292 |
T4282 |
dobj |
pool,screened |
R981 |
T4293 |
T4294 |
amod |
bacterial,chromosome |
R982 |
T4294 |
T4292 |
nmod |
chromosome,pool |
R983 |
T4295 |
T4294 |
amod |
artificial,chromosome |
R984 |
T4296 |
T4294 |
punct |
(,chromosome |
R985 |
T4297 |
T4294 |
appos |
BAC,chromosome |
R986 |
T4298 |
T4292 |
punct |
),pool |
R987 |
T4299 |
T4292 |
compound |
DNA,pool |
R988 |
T4300 |
T4282 |
prep |
by,screened |
R989 |
T4301 |
T4300 |
pobj |
PCR,by |
R990 |
T4302 |
T4282 |
advcl |
using,screened |
R991 |
T4303 |
T4304 |
compound |
primer,pairs |
R992 |
T4304 |
T4302 |
dobj |
pairs,using |
R993 |
T4305 |
T4306 |
dep |
that,amplify |
R994 |
T4306 |
T4304 |
relcl |
amplify,pairs |
R995 |
T4307 |
T4306 |
aux |
would,amplify |
R996 |
T4308 |
T4306 |
advmod |
only,amplify |
R997 |
T4309 |
T4310 |
det |
the,gene |
R998 |
T4310 |
T4306 |
dobj |
gene,amplify |
R999 |
T4311 |
T4310 |
amod |
real,gene |
R1000 |
T4312 |
T4306 |
punct |
", ",amplify |
R1001 |
T4313 |
T4314 |
neg |
not,pseudogenes |
R1002 |
T4314 |
T4306 |
dep |
pseudogenes,amplify |
R1003 |
T4315 |
T4314 |
det |
the,pseudogenes |
R1004 |
T4316 |
T4282 |
punct |
.,screened |
R1005 |
T4318 |
T4319 |
nsubj |
We,obtained |
R1006 |
T4320 |
T4321 |
nummod |
two,clones |
R1007 |
T4321 |
T4319 |
dobj |
clones,obtained |
R1008 |
T4322 |
T4321 |
amod |
independent,clones |
R1009 |
T4323 |
T4322 |
punct |
", ",independent |
R1010 |
T4324 |
T4322 |
cc |
but,independent |
R1011 |
T4325 |
T4322 |
conj |
overlapping,independent |
R1012 |
T4326 |
T4321 |
compound |
BAC,clones |
R1013 |
T4327 |
T4319 |
punct |
.,obtained |
R1014 |
T4329 |
T4330 |
compound |
Southern,blot |
R1015 |
T4330 |
T4331 |
nsubj |
blot,demonstrated |
R1016 |
T4332 |
T4330 |
appos |
analyses,blot |
R1017 |
T4333 |
T4332 |
cc |
and,analyses |
R1018 |
T4334 |
T4332 |
conj |
sequencing,analyses |
R1019 |
T4335 |
T4336 |
mark |
that,contained |
R1020 |
T4336 |
T4331 |
ccomp |
contained,demonstrated |
R1021 |
T4337 |
T4338 |
det |
these,clones |
R1022 |
T4338 |
T4336 |
nsubj |
clones,contained |
R1023 |
T4339 |
T4340 |
det |
a,sequence |
R1024 |
T4340 |
T4336 |
dobj |
sequence,contained |
R1025 |
T4341 |
T4340 |
acl |
exhibiting,sequence |
R1026 |
T4342 |
T4343 |
amod |
complete,identity |
R1027 |
T4343 |
T4341 |
dobj |
identity,exhibiting |
R1028 |
T4344 |
T4343 |
prep |
with,identity |
R1029 |
T4345 |
T4346 |
compound |
ESG1,cDNA |
R1030 |
T4346 |
T4344 |
pobj |
cDNA,with |
R1031 |
T4347 |
T4348 |
dep |
that,interrupted |
R1032 |
T4348 |
T4340 |
relcl |
interrupted,sequence |
R1033 |
T4349 |
T4348 |
auxpass |
was,interrupted |
R1034 |
T4350 |
T4348 |
agent |
by,interrupted |
R1035 |
T4351 |
T4352 |
nummod |
two,introns |
R1036 |
T4352 |
T4350 |
pobj |
introns,by |
R1037 |
T4353 |
T4352 |
amod |
putative,introns |
R1038 |
T4354 |
T4355 |
punct |
(,2A |
R1039 |
T4355 |
T4348 |
parataxis |
2A,interrupted |
R1040 |
T4356 |
T4355 |
compound |
Figure,2A |
R1041 |
T4357 |
T4355 |
punct |
),2A |
R1042 |
T4358 |
T4331 |
punct |
.,demonstrated |
R1043 |
T4360 |
T4361 |
det |
The,sequences |
R1044 |
T4361 |
T4364 |
nsubj |
sequences,begin |
R1045 |
T4362 |
T4361 |
nummod |
two,sequences |
R1046 |
T4363 |
T4361 |
compound |
intron,sequences |
R1047 |
T4365 |
T4364 |
prep |
with,begin |
R1048 |
T4366 |
T4365 |
pobj |
GT,with |
R1049 |
T4367 |
T4364 |
cc |
and,begin |
R1050 |
T4368 |
T4364 |
conj |
terminate,begin |
R1051 |
T4369 |
T4368 |
prep |
with,terminate |
R1052 |
T4370 |
T4369 |
pobj |
AG,with |
R1053 |
T4371 |
T4364 |
punct |
", ",begin |
R1054 |
T4372 |
T4364 |
advcl |
fulfilling,begin |
R1055 |
T4373 |
T4374 |
det |
the,rule |
R1056 |
T4374 |
T4372 |
dobj |
rule,fulfilling |
R1057 |
T4375 |
T4376 |
compound |
GT,AG |
R1058 |
T4376 |
T4374 |
compound |
AG,rule |
R1059 |
T4377 |
T4376 |
punct |
-,AG |
R1060 |
T4378 |
T4374 |
prep |
of,rule |
R1061 |
T4379 |
T4380 |
compound |
exon,intron |
R1062 |
T4380 |
T4382 |
compound |
intron,junctions |
R1063 |
T4381 |
T4380 |
punct |
-,intron |
R1064 |
T4382 |
T4378 |
pobj |
junctions,of |
R1065 |
T4383 |
T4384 |
punct |
[,19 |
R1066 |
T4384 |
T4372 |
parataxis |
19,fulfilling |
R1067 |
T4385 |
T4384 |
punct |
],19 |
R1068 |
T4386 |
T4364 |
punct |
.,begin |
R1069 |
T4388 |
T4389 |
det |
The,region |
R1070 |
T4389 |
T4393 |
nsubj |
region,exhibited |
R1071 |
T4390 |
T4389 |
nummod |
5,region |
R1072 |
T4391 |
T4390 |
punct |
',5 |
R1073 |
T4392 |
T4389 |
compound |
flanking,region |
R1074 |
T4394 |
T4389 |
prep |
of,region |
R1075 |
T4395 |
T4396 |
det |
this,fragment |
R1076 |
T4396 |
T4394 |
pobj |
fragment,of |
R1077 |
T4397 |
T4396 |
compound |
DNA,fragment |
R1078 |
T4398 |
T4399 |
amod |
strong,activity |
R1079 |
T4399 |
T4393 |
dobj |
activity,exhibited |
R1080 |
T4400 |
T4401 |
compound |
promoter,enhancer |
R1081 |
T4401 |
T4399 |
compound |
enhancer,activity |
R1082 |
T4402 |
T4401 |
punct |
/,enhancer |
R1083 |
T4403 |
T4393 |
prep |
by,exhibited |
R1084 |
T4404 |
T4405 |
compound |
luciferase,assays |
R1085 |
T4405 |
T4403 |
pobj |
assays,by |
R1086 |
T4406 |
T4405 |
compound |
reporter,assays |
R1087 |
T4407 |
T4393 |
prep |
in,exhibited |
R1088 |
T4408 |
T4409 |
amod |
undifferentiated,cells |
R1089 |
T4409 |
T4407 |
pobj |
cells,in |
R1090 |
T4410 |
T4409 |
compound |
ES,cells |
R1091 |
T4411 |
T4407 |
punct |
", ",in |
R1092 |
T4412 |
T4407 |
cc |
but,in |
R1093 |
T4413 |
T4412 |
neg |
not,but |
R1094 |
T4414 |
T4407 |
conj |
in,in |
R1095 |
T4415 |
T4416 |
amod |
somatic,cells |
R1096 |
T4416 |
T4414 |
pobj |
cells,in |
R1097 |
T4417 |
T4418 |
punct |
(,Figure |
R1098 |
T4418 |
T4393 |
parataxis |
Figure,exhibited |
R1099 |
T4419 |
T4418 |
nummod |
3,Figure |
R1100 |
T4420 |
T4418 |
punct |
),Figure |
R1101 |
T4421 |
T4393 |
punct |
.,exhibited |
R1102 |
T4423 |
T4424 |
det |
The,fragment |
R1103 |
T4424 |
T4426 |
nsubj |
fragment,showed |
R1104 |
T4425 |
T4424 |
amod |
same,fragment |
R1105 |
T4427 |
T4428 |
advmod |
much,weaker |
R1106 |
T4428 |
T4429 |
amod |
weaker,activity |
R1107 |
T4429 |
T4426 |
dobj |
activity,showed |
R1108 |
T4430 |
T4426 |
prep |
after,showed |
R1109 |
T4431 |
T4430 |
pobj |
induction,after |
R1110 |
T4432 |
T4431 |
prep |
of,induction |
R1111 |
T4433 |
T4432 |
pobj |
differentiation,of |
R1112 |
T4434 |
T4431 |
prep |
by,induction |
R1113 |
T4435 |
T4436 |
amod |
retinoic,acid |
R1114 |
T4436 |
T4434 |
pobj |
acid,by |
R1115 |
T4437 |
T4426 |
punct |
.,showed |
R1116 |
T4439 |
T4440 |
nsubj |
We,concluded |
R1117 |
T4441 |
T4442 |
mark |
that,is |
R1125 |
T4515 |
T4513 |
advmod |
however,contained |
R1126 |
T4516 |
T4513 |
punct |
", ",contained |
R1127 |
T4517 |
T4518 |
amod |
critical,substitutions |
R1128 |
T4518 |
T4513 |
dobj |
substitutions,contained |
R1129 |
T4519 |
T4518 |
compound |
nucleotide,substitutions |
R1130 |
T4520 |
T4513 |
prep |
in,contained |
R1131 |
T4521 |
T4520 |
pobj |
all,in |
R1132 |
T4522 |
T4521 |
prep |
of,all |
R1133 |
T4523 |
T4524 |
det |
the,exons |
R1134 |
T4524 |
T4522 |
pobj |
exons,of |
R1135 |
T4525 |
T4513 |
cc |
and,contained |
R1136 |
T4526 |
T4527 |
nummod |
one,insertion |
R1137 |
T4527 |
T4513 |
conj |
insertion,contained |
R1138 |
T4528 |
T4527 |
compound |
nucleotide,insertion |
R1139 |
T4529 |
T4527 |
prep |
in,insertion |
R1140 |
T4530 |
T4529 |
pobj |
exon,in |
R1142 |
T4531 |
T4530 |
nummod |
2,exon |
R1143 |
T4532 |
T4533 |
punct |
(,2B |
R1146 |
T4533 |
T4527 |
parataxis |
2B,insertion |
R1147 |
T4534 |
T4533 |
compound |
Figure,2B |
R1148 |
T4454 |
T4451 |
ccomp |
contained,found |
R1149 |
T4535 |
T4533 |
punct |
),2B |
R1151 |
T4456 |
T4454 |
nsubj |
clones,contained |
R1152 |
T4536 |
T4513 |
punct |
.,contained |
R1155 |
T4459 |
T4460 |
det |
another,sequence |
R1156 |
T4460 |
T4454 |
dobj |
sequence,contained |
R1157 |
T4461 |
T4462 |
npadvmod |
ESG1,like |
R1158 |
T4462 |
T4460 |
amod |
like,sequence |
R1159 |
T4538 |
T4539 |
mark |
Although,conserved |
R1160 |
T4463 |
T4462 |
punct |
-,like |
R1161 |
T4464 |
T4465 |
punct |
(,2A |
R1162 |
T4465 |
T4454 |
parataxis |
2A,contained |
R1163 |
T4539 |
T4550 |
advcl |
conserved,were |
R1164 |
T4466 |
T4465 |
compound |
Figure,2A |
R1165 |
T4467 |
T4465 |
punct |
),2A |
R1166 |
T4468 |
T4451 |
punct |
.,found |
R1167 |
T4540 |
T4541 |
nummod |
675,pairs |
R1168 |
T4470 |
T4471 |
det |
The,sequences |
R1169 |
T4471 |
T4473 |
nsubjpass |
sequences,oriented |
R1170 |
T4541 |
T4539 |
nsubjpass |
pairs,conserved |
R1171 |
T4472 |
T4471 |
nummod |
two,sequences |
R1172 |
T4474 |
T4471 |
punct |
", ",sequences |
R1173 |
T4542 |
T4541 |
compound |
base,pairs |
R1174 |
T4475 |
T4471 |
acl |
separated,sequences |
R1175 |
T4476 |
T4475 |
agent |
by,separated |
R1176 |
T4543 |
T4541 |
prep |
of,pairs |
R1177 |
T4477 |
T4478 |
det |
a,sequence |
R1178 |
T4478 |
T4476 |
pobj |
sequence,by |
R1179 |
T4479 |
T4480 |
nummod |
68,kbp |
R1180 |
T4544 |
T4545 |
det |
the,regions |
R1181 |
T4480 |
T4478 |
nmod |
kbp,sequence |
R1182 |
T4481 |
T4478 |
amod |
intergenic,sequence |
R1183 |
T4545 |
T4543 |
pobj |
regions,of |
R1184 |
T4482 |
T4473 |
punct |
", ",oriented |
R1185 |
T4546 |
T4545 |
nummod |
3,regions |
R1186 |
T4483 |
T4473 |
auxpass |
were,oriented |
R1187 |
T4484 |
T4473 |
prep |
in,oriented |
R1188 |
T4485 |
T4486 |
amod |
opposite,directions |
R1189 |
T4486 |
T4484 |
pobj |
directions,in |
R1190 |
T4487 |
T4473 |
punct |
.,oriented |
R1191 |
T4547 |
T4546 |
punct |
',3 |
R1192 |
T4489 |
T4490 |
det |
The,sequence |
R1193 |
T4490 |
T4494 |
nsubj |
sequence,exhibited |
R1194 |
T4548 |
T4545 |
compound |
flanking,regions |
R1195 |
T4491 |
T4492 |
npadvmod |
ESG1,like |
R1196 |
T4492 |
T4490 |
amod |
like,sequence |
R1197 |
T4493 |
T4492 |
punct |
-,like |
R1198 |
T4549 |
T4539 |
auxpass |
were,conserved |
R1199 |
T4495 |
T4496 |
amod |
greater,95 |
R1200 |
T4496 |
T4498 |
nummod |
95,% |
R1201 |
T4551 |
T4539 |
prep |
between,conserved |
R1202 |
T4497 |
T4496 |
quantmod |
than,95 |
R1203 |
T4498 |
T4499 |
compound |
%,identity |
R1204 |
T4499 |
T4494 |
dobj |
identity,exhibited |
R1205 |
T4500 |
T4499 |
prep |
to,identity |
R1206 |
T4552 |
T4553 |
det |
the,gene |
R1207 |
T4501 |
T4502 |
det |
the,exons |
R1208 |
T4502 |
T4500 |
pobj |
exons,to |
R1209 |
T4503 |
T4502 |
cc |
and,exons |
R1210 |
T4504 |
T4502 |
conj |
introns,exons |
R1211 |
T4505 |
T4502 |
prep |
of,exons |
R1212 |
T4553 |
T4551 |
pobj |
gene,between |
R1213 |
T4506 |
T4507 |
det |
the,gene |
R1214 |
T4507 |
T4505 |
pobj |
gene,of |
R1215 |
T4508 |
T4507 |
compound |
ESG1,gene |
R1216 |
T4554 |
T4553 |
compound |
ESG1,gene |
R1217 |
T4509 |
T4494 |
punct |
.,exhibited |
R1218 |
T4511 |
T4512 |
det |
This,sequence |
R1219 |
T4555 |
T4553 |
cc |
and,gene |
R1220 |
T4512 |
T4513 |
nsubj |
sequence,contained |
R1221 |
T4556 |
T4557 |
det |
the,pseudogene |
R1222 |
T4514 |
T4513 |
punct |
", ",contained |
R1223 |
T4557 |
T4553 |
conj |
pseudogene,gene |
R1224 |
T4558 |
T4550 |
punct |
", ",were |
R1225 |
T4559 |
T4560 |
advmod |
only,pairs |
R1226 |
T4621 |
T4622 |
det |
a,pseudogene |
R1227 |
T4560 |
T4550 |
nsubj |
pairs,were |
R1228 |
T4622 |
T4619 |
dobj |
pseudogene,represents |
R1229 |
T4623 |
T4622 |
compound |
duplication,pseudogene |
R1230 |
T4624 |
T4619 |
punct |
.,represents |
R1231 |
T4561 |
T4560 |
nummod |
five,pairs |
R1232 |
T4626 |
T4627 |
nsubj |
Bierbaum,reported |
R1233 |
T4562 |
T4560 |
compound |
base,pairs |
R1234 |
T4628 |
T4627 |
advmod |
previously,reported |
R1235 |
T4629 |
T4630 |
det |
the,existence |
R1236 |
T4563 |
T4560 |
prep |
of,pairs |
R1237 |
T4630 |
T4627 |
dobj |
existence,reported |
R1238 |
T4631 |
T4630 |
prep |
of,existence |
R1239 |
T4632 |
T4633 |
nummod |
two,pseudogenes |
R1240 |
T4564 |
T4565 |
det |
the,region |
R1241 |
T4633 |
T4631 |
pobj |
pseudogenes,of |
R1242 |
T4565 |
T4563 |
pobj |
region,of |
R1243 |
T4634 |
T4633 |
prep |
with,pseudogenes |
R1244 |
T4566 |
T4565 |
nummod |
5,region |
R1245 |
T4635 |
T4636 |
amod |
similar,organization |
R1246 |
T4567 |
T4566 |
punct |
',5 |
R1247 |
T4636 |
T4634 |
pobj |
organization,with |
R1248 |
T4637 |
T4638 |
compound |
exon,intron |
R1249 |
T4568 |
T4565 |
compound |
flanking,region |
R1250 |
T4638 |
T4636 |
compound |
intron,organization |
R1251 |
T4639 |
T4638 |
punct |
-,intron |
R1252 |
T4640 |
T4627 |
prep |
as,reported |
R1253 |
T4569 |
T4550 |
acomp |
identical,were |
R1254 |
T4641 |
T4642 |
det |
the,gene |
R1255 |
T4642 |
T4640 |
pobj |
gene,as |
R1256 |
T4643 |
T4642 |
compound |
ESG1,gene |
R1257 |
T4570 |
T4550 |
punct |
.,were |
R1258 |
T4644 |
T4645 |
punct |
[,17 |
R1259 |
T4645 |
T4627 |
parataxis |
17,reported |
R1260 |
T4646 |
T4645 |
punct |
],17 |
R1261 |
T4647 |
T4627 |
punct |
.,reported |
R1262 |
T4572 |
T4573 |
det |
This,region |
R1263 |
T4649 |
T4650 |
nsubj |
We,determine |
R1264 |
T4651 |
T4650 |
aux |
could,determine |
R1265 |
T4573 |
T4577 |
nsubj |
region,possess |
R1266 |
T4652 |
T4650 |
neg |
not,determine |
R1267 |
T4653 |
T4654 |
dep |
which,corresponds |
R1268 |
T4654 |
T4650 |
ccomp |
corresponds,determine |
R1269 |
T4574 |
T4573 |
nummod |
5,region |
R1270 |
T4655 |
T4653 |
prep |
of,which |
R1271 |
T4656 |
T4657 |
det |
these,pseudogenes |
R1272 |
T4575 |
T4574 |
punct |
',5 |
R1273 |
T4657 |
T4655 |
pobj |
pseudogenes,of |
R1274 |
T4658 |
T4657 |
nummod |
two,pseudogenes |
R1275 |
T4576 |
T4573 |
compound |
flanking,region |
R1276 |
T4659 |
T4654 |
prep |
to,corresponds |
R1277 |
T4660 |
T4661 |
det |
the,one |
R1278 |
T4661 |
T4659 |
pobj |
one,to |
R1279 |
T4578 |
T4579 |
punct |
(,kbp |
R1280 |
T4662 |
T4663 |
nsubj |
we,identified |
R1281 |
T4663 |
T4661 |
advcl |
identified,one |
R1282 |
T4664 |
T4661 |
cc |
or,one |
R1283 |
T4665 |
T4666 |
det |
the,location |
R1284 |
T4579 |
T4573 |
parataxis |
kbp,region |
R1285 |
T4666 |
T4661 |
conj |
location,one |
R1286 |
T4667 |
T4666 |
prep |
of,location |
R1287 |
T4668 |
T4669 |
det |
the,pseudogene |
R1288 |
T4580 |
T4581 |
punct |
~,6 |
R1289 |
T4669 |
T4667 |
pobj |
pseudogene,of |
R1290 |
T4670 |
T4669 |
amod |
remaining,pseudogene |
R1291 |
T4671 |
T4650 |
punct |
.,determine |
R1292 |
T4581 |
T4579 |
nummod |
6,kbp |
R1293 |
T4582 |
T4579 |
punct |
),kbp |
R1294 |
T4583 |
T4577 |
aux |
did,possess |
R1295 |
T4584 |
T4577 |
neg |
not,possess |
R1296 |
T4585 |
T4586 |
det |
any,activity |
R1297 |
T4586 |
T4577 |
dobj |
activity,possess |
R1298 |
T4587 |
T4588 |
compound |
promoter,enhancer |
R1299 |
T4588 |
T4586 |
compound |
enhancer,activity |
R1300 |
T4589 |
T4588 |
punct |
/,enhancer |
R1301 |
T4590 |
T4577 |
prep |
in,possess |
R1302 |
T4591 |
T4592 |
compound |
luciferase,reporter |
R1303 |
T4592 |
T4593 |
compound |
reporter,assays |
R1304 |
T4593 |
T4590 |
pobj |
assays,in |
R1305 |
T4594 |
T4595 |
punct |
(,Figure |
R1306 |
T4595 |
T4577 |
parataxis |
Figure,possess |
R1307 |
T4596 |
T4595 |
nummod |
3,Figure |
R1308 |
T4597 |
T4595 |
punct |
),Figure |
R1309 |
T4598 |
T4577 |
punct |
.,possess |
R1310 |
T4600 |
T4601 |
nsubj |
It,is |
R1311 |
T4602 |
T4601 |
advmod |
thus,is |
R1312 |
T4603 |
T4601 |
acomp |
unlikely,is |
R1313 |
T4604 |
T4605 |
mark |
that,transcribed |
R1314 |
T4605 |
T4601 |
ccomp |
transcribed,is |
R1315 |
T4606 |
T4607 |
det |
this,sequence |
R1316 |
T4607 |
T4605 |
nsubjpass |
sequence,transcribed |
R1317 |
T4608 |
T4605 |
auxpass |
is,transcribed |
R1318 |
T4609 |
T4605 |
cc |
or,transcribed |
R1319 |
T4610 |
T4605 |
conj |
translated,transcribed |
R1320 |
T4611 |
T4610 |
prep |
into,translated |
R1321 |
T4612 |
T4613 |
det |
a,protein |
R1322 |
T4613 |
T4611 |
pobj |
protein,into |
R1323 |
T4614 |
T4613 |
amod |
functional,protein |
R1324 |
T4615 |
T4601 |
punct |
.,is |
R1325 |
T4617 |
T4618 |
det |
This,sequence |
R1326 |
T4618 |
T4619 |
nsubj |
sequence,represents |
R1327 |
T4620 |
T4619 |
advmod |
likely,represents |
R3462 |
T12056 |
T12055 |
acl |
identified,ESG1pseudogenes |
R3463 |
T12057 |
T12056 |
agent |
by,identified |
R3464 |
T12058 |
T12059 |
det |
a,search |
R3465 |
T12059 |
T12057 |
pobj |
search,by |
R3466 |
T12060 |
T12059 |
compound |
Blast,search |
R3467 |
T12061 |
T12059 |
prep |
of,search |
R3468 |
T12062 |
T12063 |
nmod |
mouse,databases |
R3469 |
T12063 |
T12061 |
pobj |
databases,of |
R3470 |
T12064 |
T12063 |
amod |
genomic,databases |
R3471 |
T12065 |
T12055 |
punct |
.,ESG1pseudogenes |
R3472 |
T12067 |
T12068 |
compound |
Substitution,mutations |
R3473 |
T12068 |
T12069 |
nsubjpass |
mutations,indicated |
R3474 |
T12070 |
T12069 |
auxpass |
are,indicated |
R3475 |
T12071 |
T12069 |
agent |
by,indicated |
R3476 |
T12072 |
T12073 |
amod |
black,lines |
R3477 |
T12073 |
T12071 |
pobj |
lines,by |
R3478 |
T12074 |
T12069 |
punct |
.,indicated |
R3479 |
T12076 |
T12077 |
npadvmod |
Intron,like |
R3480 |
T12077 |
T12079 |
amod |
like,sequences |
R3481 |
T12078 |
T12077 |
punct |
-,like |
R3482 |
T12079 |
T12081 |
nsubjpass |
sequences,indicated |
R3483 |
T12080 |
T12079 |
compound |
gap,sequences |
R3484 |
T12082 |
T12081 |
auxpass |
are,indicated |
R3485 |
T12083 |
T12081 |
prep |
with,indicated |
R3486 |
T12084 |
T12083 |
pobj |
triangles,with |
R3487 |
T12085 |
T12081 |
punct |
.,indicated |
R3488 |
T12087 |
T12088 |
amod |
Chromosomal,localizations |
R3489 |
T12088 |
T12089 |
nsubjpass |
localizations,shown |
R3490 |
T12090 |
T12089 |
auxpass |
are,shown |
R3491 |
T12091 |
T12089 |
prep |
on,shown |
R3492 |
T12092 |
T12093 |
det |
the,right |
R3493 |
T12093 |
T12091 |
pobj |
right,on |
R3494 |
T12094 |
T12089 |
punct |
.,shown |
R3495 |
T12275 |
T12276 |
compound |
BAC,clones |
R3496 |
T12276 |
T12277 |
nsubj |
clones,containing |
R3497 |
T12278 |
T12279 |
det |
the,gene |
R3498 |
T12279 |
T12277 |
dobj |
gene,containing |
R3499 |
T12280 |
T12279 |
compound |
ESG1,gene |
R3500 |
T12281 |
T12279 |
cc |
and,gene |
R3501 |
T12282 |
T12283 |
det |
a,pseudogene |
R3502 |
T12283 |
T12279 |
conj |
pseudogene,gene |
R3503 |
T12284 |
T12283 |
compound |
duplication,pseudogene |
R3504 |
T12285 |
T12286 |
punct |
(,PS |
R3505 |
T12286 |
T12283 |
parataxis |
PS,pseudogene |
R3506 |
T12287 |
T12286 |
punct |
),PS |
R3507 |
T12288 |
T12277 |
punct |
.,containing |
R3508 |
T12290 |
T12291 |
meta |
A,Localization |
R3509 |
T12292 |
T12290 |
punct |
),A |
R3510 |
T12293 |
T12291 |
prep |
of,Localization |
R3511 |
T12294 |
T12295 |
det |
the,gene |
R3512 |
T12295 |
T12293 |
pobj |
gene,of |
R3513 |
T12296 |
T12295 |
cc |
and,gene |
R3514 |
T12297 |
T12295 |
conj |
PS,gene |
R3515 |
T12298 |
T12291 |
prep |
on,Localization |
R3516 |
T12299 |
T12298 |
pobj |
chromosome,on |
R3517 |
T12300 |
T12299 |
nummod |
9,chromosome |
R3518 |
T12301 |
T12291 |
punct |
.,Localization |
R3519 |
T12303 |
T12304 |
meta |
B,revealed |
R3520 |
T12305 |
T12303 |
punct |
),B |
R3521 |
T12306 |
T12307 |
compound |
Sequence,comparison |
R3522 |
T12307 |
T12304 |
nsubj |
comparison,revealed |
R3523 |
T12308 |
T12307 |
prep |
of,comparison |
R3524 |
T12309 |
T12310 |
det |
the,gene |
R3525 |
T12310 |
T12308 |
pobj |
gene,of |
R3526 |
T12311 |
T12310 |
cc |
and,gene |
R3527 |
T12312 |
T12310 |
conj |
PS,gene |
R3528 |
T12313 |
T12314 |
mark |
that,are |
R3529 |
T12314 |
T12304 |
ccomp |
are,revealed |
R3530 |
T12315 |
T12314 |
nsubj |
these,are |
R3531 |
T12316 |
T12314 |
acomp |
homologous,are |
R3532 |
T12317 |
T12316 |
prep |
from,homologous |
R3533 |
T12318 |
T12319 |
nummod |
eight,pairs |
R3534 |
T12319 |
T12317 |
pobj |
pairs,from |
R3535 |
T12320 |
T12319 |
compound |
base,pairs |
R3536 |
T12321 |
T12319 |
advmod |
upstream,pairs |
R3537 |
T12322 |
T12321 |
prep |
of,upstream |
R3538 |
T12323 |
T12324 |
det |
the,exon |
R3539 |
T12324 |
T12322 |
pobj |
exon,of |
R3540 |
T12325 |
T12324 |
amod |
first,exon |
R3541 |
T12326 |
T12317 |
prep |
to,from |
R3542 |
T12327 |
T12328 |
nummod |
675,bp |
R3543 |
T12328 |
T12326 |
pobj |
bp,to |
R3544 |
T12329 |
T12328 |
advmod |
downstream,bp |
R3545 |
T12330 |
T12329 |
prep |
of,downstream |
R3546 |
T12331 |
T12332 |
det |
the,exon |
R3547 |
T12332 |
T12330 |
pobj |
exon,of |
R3548 |
T12333 |
T12332 |
amod |
third,exon |
R3549 |
T12334 |
T12304 |
punct |
.,revealed |
R3550 |
T12336 |
T12337 |
compound |
Substitution,mutations |
R3551 |
T12337 |
T12338 |
nsubjpass |
mutations,indicated |
R3552 |
T12339 |
T12338 |
auxpass |
are,indicated |
R3553 |
T12340 |
T12338 |
prep |
by,indicated |
R3554 |
T12341 |
T12342 |
amod |
black,lines |
R3555 |
T12342 |
T12340 |
pobj |
lines,by |
R3556 |
T12343 |
T12338 |
punct |
.,indicated |
R3557 |
T12345 |
T12346 |
det |
The,insertion |
R3558 |
T12346 |
T12347 |
nsubjpass |
insertion,indicated |
R3559 |
T12348 |
T12347 |
auxpass |
is,indicated |
R3560 |
T12349 |
T12347 |
prep |
by,indicated |
R3561 |
T12350 |
T12351 |
det |
an,triangle |
R3562 |
T12351 |
T12349 |
pobj |
triangle,by |
R3563 |
T12352 |
T12351 |
amod |
open,triangle |
R3564 |
T12353 |
T12347 |
punct |
.,indicated |
R3565 |
T12543 |
T12544 |
compound |
Promoter,enhancer |
R3566 |
T12544 |
T12546 |
compound |
enhancer,activity |
R3567 |
T12545 |
T12544 |
punct |
/,enhancer |
R3568 |
T12547 |
T12546 |
prep |
of,activity |
R3569 |
T12548 |
T12549 |
det |
the,gene |
R3570 |
T12549 |
T12547 |
pobj |
gene,of |
R3571 |
T12550 |
T12549 |
compound |
ESG1,gene |
R3572 |
T12551 |
T12549 |
cc |
and,gene |
R3573 |
T12552 |
T12549 |
conj |
pseudogene,gene |
R3574 |
T12553 |
T12546 |
punct |
.,activity |
R3575 |
T12555 |
T12556 |
compound |
DNA,fragments |
R3576 |
T12556 |
T12557 |
nsubjpass |
fragments,transferred |
R3577 |
T12558 |
T12556 |
prep |
of,fragments |
R3578 |
T12559 |
T12560 |
punct |
~,6 |
R3579 |
T12560 |
T12561 |
nummod |
6,kbp |
R3580 |
T12561 |
T12558 |
pobj |
kbp,of |
R3581 |
T12562 |
T12561 |
acl |
isolated,kbp |
R3582 |
T12563 |
T12562 |
prep |
from,isolated |
R3583 |
T12564 |
T12565 |
det |
the,regions |
R3584 |
T12565 |
T12563 |
pobj |
regions,from |
R3585 |
T12566 |
T12565 |
nummod |
5,regions |
R3586 |
T12567 |
T12566 |
punct |
',5 |
R3587 |
T12568 |
T12565 |
compound |
flanking,regions |
R3588 |
T12569 |
T12565 |
prep |
of,regions |
R3589 |
T12570 |
T12571 |
det |
the,gene |
R3590 |
T12571 |
T12569 |
pobj |
gene,of |
R3591 |
T12572 |
T12571 |
cc |
and,gene |
R3592 |
T12573 |
T12571 |
conj |
PS,gene |
R3593 |
T12574 |
T12557 |
auxpass |
were,transferred |
R3594 |
T12575 |
T12557 |
prep |
into,transferred |
R3595 |
T12576 |
T12577 |
compound |
luciferase,reporter |
R3596 |
T12577 |
T12578 |
compound |
reporter,plasmids |
R3597 |
T12578 |
T12575 |
pobj |
plasmids,into |
R3598 |
T12579 |
T12557 |
punct |
.,transferred |
R3599 |
T12581 |
T12582 |
nsubj |
We,introduced |
R3600 |
T12583 |
T12584 |
det |
the,genes |
R3601 |
T12584 |
T12582 |
dobj |
genes,introduced |
R3602 |
T12585 |
T12584 |
compound |
reporter,genes |
R3603 |
T12586 |
T12582 |
prep |
into,introduced |
R3604 |
T12587 |
T12588 |
amod |
undifferentiated,cells |
R3605 |
T12588 |
T12586 |
pobj |
cells,into |
R3606 |
T12589 |
T12588 |
compound |
ES,cells |
R3607 |
T12590 |
T12591 |
punct |
(,columns |
R3608 |
T12591 |
T12588 |
parataxis |
columns,cells |
R3609 |
T12592 |
T12591 |
amod |
open,columns |
R3610 |
T12593 |
T12591 |
punct |
),columns |
R3611 |
T12594 |
T12588 |
punct |
", ",cells |
R3612 |
T12595 |
T12596 |
amod |
retinoic,acid |
R3613 |
T12596 |
T12597 |
npadvmod |
acid,treated |
R3614 |
T12597 |
T12599 |
amod |
treated,cells |
R3615 |
T12598 |
T12597 |
punct |
-,treated |
R3616 |
T12599 |
T12588 |
conj |
cells,cells |
R3617 |
T12600 |
T12599 |
compound |
ES,cells |
R3618 |
T12601 |
T12602 |
punct |
(,columns |
R3619 |
T12602 |
T12599 |
parataxis |
columns,cells |
R3620 |
T12603 |
T12602 |
amod |
grey,columns |
R3621 |
T12604 |
T12602 |
punct |
),columns |
R3622 |
T12605 |
T12599 |
punct |
", ",cells |
R3623 |
T12606 |
T12599 |
cc |
and,cells |
R3624 |
T12607 |
T12608 |
compound |
NIH3T3,cells |
R3625 |
T12608 |
T12599 |
conj |
cells,cells |
R3626 |
T12609 |
T12610 |
punct |
(,columns |
R3627 |
T12610 |
T12608 |
parataxis |
columns,cells |
R3628 |
T12611 |
T12610 |
amod |
closed,columns |
R3629 |
T12612 |
T12610 |
punct |
),columns |
R3630 |
T12613 |
T12582 |
punct |
.,introduced |
R3631 |
T12615 |
T12616 |
nsubj |
Data,represent |
R3632 |
T12617 |
T12618 |
det |
the,averages |
R3633 |
T12618 |
T12616 |
dobj |
averages,represent |
R3634 |
T12619 |
T12618 |
cc |
and,averages |
R3635 |
T12620 |
T12621 |
amod |
standard,deviations |
R3636 |
T12621 |
T12618 |
conj |
deviations,averages |
R3637 |
T12622 |
T12618 |
prep |
of,averages |
R3638 |
T12623 |
T12624 |
nummod |
three,experiments |
R3639 |
T12624 |
T12622 |
pobj |
experiments,of |
R3640 |
T12625 |
T12624 |
amod |
independent,experiments |
R3641 |
T12626 |
T12616 |
punct |
.,represent |
R828 |
T4123 |
T4124 |
compound |
ESG1,cDNA |
R829 |
T4124 |
T4122 |
pobj |
cDNA,to |
R830 |
T4125 |
T4119 |
punct |
", ",produce |
R831 |
T4126 |
T4119 |
nsubj |
they,produce |
R832 |
T4127 |
T4119 |
aux |
could,produce |
R833 |
T4128 |
T4119 |
neg |
not,produce |
R834 |
T4129 |
T4130 |
amod |
functional,proteins |
R835 |
T4130 |
T4119 |
dobj |
proteins,produce |
R836 |
T4131 |
T4119 |
punct |
", ",produce |
R837 |
T4132 |
T4119 |
prep |
because,produce |
R838 |
T4133 |
T4132 |
pcomp |
of,because |
R839 |
T4134 |
T4135 |
amod |
critical,mutations |
R840 |
T4135 |
T4132 |
pobj |
mutations,because |
R841 |
T4136 |
T4119 |
punct |
.,produce |
R842 |
T4138 |
T4139 |
det |
This,result |
R843 |
T4139 |
T4140 |
nsubj |
result,suggests |
R844 |
T4141 |
T4142 |
mark |
that,are |
R845 |
T4142 |
T4140 |
ccomp |
are,suggests |
R846 |
T4143 |
T4142 |
expl |
there,are |
R847 |
T4144 |
T4145 |
det |
a,number |
R848 |
T4145 |
T4142 |
attr |
number,are |
R849 |
T4146 |
T4145 |
amod |
larger,number |
R850 |
T4147 |
T4145 |
prep |
of,number |
R851 |
T4148 |
T4149 |
amod |
intron-less,pseudogenes |
R852 |
T4149 |
T4147 |
pobj |
pseudogenes,of |
R853 |
T4150 |
T4151 |
mark |
than,anticipated |
R854 |
T4151 |
T4145 |
advcl |
anticipated,number |
R855 |
T4152 |
T4151 |
advmod |
previously,anticipated |
R856 |
T4153 |
T4140 |
punct |
.,suggests |
R857 |
T4155 |
T4156 |
nsubj |
Existence,is |
R858 |
T4157 |
T4155 |
prep |
of,Existence |
R859 |
T4158 |
T4159 |
amod |
multiple,retropseudogenes |
R860 |
T4159 |
T4157 |
pobj |
retropseudogenes,of |
R861 |
T4160 |
T4161 |
det |
a,hallmark |
R1118 |
T4442 |
T4440 |
ccomp |
is,concluded |
R1119 |
T4443 |
T4444 |
det |
this,sequence |
R1120 |
T4444 |
T4442 |
nsubj |
sequence,is |
R1121 |
T4445 |
T4446 |
det |
the,gene |
R1122 |
T4446 |
T4442 |
attr |
gene,is |
R1123 |
T4447 |
T4446 |
compound |
ESG1,gene |
R1124 |
T4448 |
T4440 |
punct |
.,concluded |
R1141 |
T4450 |
T4451 |
nsubj |
We,found |
R1144 |
T4452 |
T4451 |
advmod |
also,found |
R1145 |
T4453 |
T4454 |
mark |
that,contained |
R1150 |
T4455 |
T4456 |
det |
the,clones |
R1153 |
T4457 |
T4456 |
nummod |
two,clones |
R1154 |
T4458 |
T4456 |
compound |
BAC,clones |