PMC:13902 / 970-1966 JSONTXT

{"target":"https://pubannotation.org/docs/sourcedb/PMC/sourceid/13902","sourcedb":"PMC","sourceid":"13902","source_url":"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/13902","text":"Chemoprevention has been defined as the use of noncytotoxic nutrients or pharmacologic agents to enhance intrinsic physiologic mechanisms that protect the organism against the development of mutant clones and their progression to malignant cancer. In a recent landmark trial, tamoxifen, a hormonally active selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), was shown to decrease the risk of invasive breast cancer by 49% in asymptomatic, but at-risk women [1]. The search is now on for agents with improved risk-benefit profiles, and for agents that will prevent the subclass of estrogen receptor-negative tumors, the incidence of which was unaffected by the SERMS. Retinoids have already shown potential in this regard [2,3,4,5,6,7]. Because it will not be possible to test many agents in large randomized clinical trials, efforts are underway to develop useful tissue-based surrogate end-point biomarkers that can be used to select only the most promising agents (and doses) for large-scale trials.","tracks":[{"project":"Colil","denotations":[{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":721,"end":722},"obj":"421218"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":723,"end":724},"obj":"8537973"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":719,"end":720},"obj":"9526578"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":721,"end":722},"obj":"421218"},{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":717,"end":718},"obj":"8062253"},{"id":"T13","span":{"begin":453,"end":454},"obj":"9747868"},{"id":"T15","span":{"begin":723,"end":724},"obj":"8537973"},{"id":"T16","span":{"begin":725,"end":726},"obj":"8971154"},{"id":"T17","span":{"begin":727,"end":728},"obj":"10547391"},{"id":"T25","span":{"begin":719,"end":720},"obj":"9526578"},{"id":"T20","span":{"begin":725,"end":726},"obj":"8971154"},{"id":"T21","span":{"begin":727,"end":728},"obj":"10547391"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"_base","uri":"http://pubannotation.org/docs/sourcedb/PubMed/sourceid/"}],"attributes":[{"subj":"T6","pred":"source","obj":"Colil"},{"subj":"T7","pred":"source","obj":"Colil"},{"subj":"T8","pred":"source","obj":"Colil"},{"subj":"T9","pred":"source","obj":"Colil"},{"subj":"T10","pred":"source","obj":"Colil"},{"subj":"T13","pred":"source","obj":"Colil"},{"subj":"T15","pred":"source","obj":"Colil"},{"subj":"T16","pred":"source","obj":"Colil"},{"subj":"T17","pred":"source","obj":"Colil"},{"subj":"T25","pred":"source","obj":"Colil"},{"subj":"T20","pred":"source","obj":"Colil"},{"subj":"T21","pred":"source","obj":"Colil"}]}],"config":{"attribute types":[{"pred":"source","value type":"selection","values":[{"id":"Colil","color":"#ecc993","default":true}]}]}}