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Architecture of Bone Is Preserved in Aged Sam68−/− Mice\nBone loss and compromised architecture are characteristic features of the skeletons of aged C57BL/6 mice and resemble the clinical features of age-related bone loss in humans that can predispose an individual to fracture. Quantification of the micro-CT data shown in Figure 3B confirmed the reduction in bone volume compared with tissue volume (BV/TV; Figure 4A, left) in the 12-month-old Sam68+/+ mice (hatched bars) compared with 4-month-old mice of both genotypes (solid bars) and 12-month-old Sam68−/− mice (stippled bars). This was associated with a significant increase (p \u003c 0.01; denoted by the asterisks) in the structure model index, which measures the ratio of plate-like to rod-like structures (Figure 4A, right). A quantifiable increase in the mean trabecular separation (Tb.Sp) (unpublished data) in 12-month-old Sam68+/+ mice was due to an increase in the percentage of spaces falling in the range of 350 to 700 μm (Figure 4B, red hatched line). Trabecular thickness remained constant among the different groups of mice (unpublished data). In effect, this meant that there were fewer trabeculae, rather than equivalent numbers of thin trabeculae, in the 12-month-old Sam68+/+ mice compared with any of the other groups of mice.\nFigure 4 Quantitative Micro-CT of Trabecular Bone Composition and Architecture\n(A) Bone volume/tissue volume (BV/TV) and structure model index (SMI) were calculated on the femur and fourth lumbar vertebra of six or seven mice in each group using 3D Creator software supplied with the Skyscan instrument. Results expressed as the mean ± SD showed significant differences (p \u003c 0.01) between 4-month-old Sam68+/+ mice (solid black) and 12-month-old Sam68+/+ mice (hatched black) but not between 4-month-old Sam68−/− mice (solid white) and 12-month-old Sam68−/− mice (stippled white).\n(B) The distance between trabeculae was reflected in a shift to the right of the distribution curves for 12-month-old Sam68+/+. Solid black = 4-month-old Sam68+/+; hatched black = 12-month-old Sam68+/+; solid red = 4-month-old Sam68−/−; stippled red = 12-month-old Sam68−/−. The asterisks denote p \u003c 0.01."}

{"project":"craft-ca-core-dev","denotations":[{"id":"T3528","span":{"begin":60,"end":65},"obj":"PR:000009279"},{"id":"T3529","span":{"begin":69,"end":73},"obj":"NCBITaxon:10088"},{"id":"T3530","span":{"begin":148,"end":157},"obj":"UBERON:0004288"},{"id":"T3531","span":{"begin":174,"end":178},"obj":"NCBITaxon:10088"},{"id":"T3532","span":{"begin":242,"end":248},"obj":"NCBITaxon:9606"},{"id":"T3533","span":{"begin":272,"end":282},"obj":"NCBITaxon:1"},{"id":"T3534","span":{"begin":404,"end":410},"obj":"UBERON:0000479"},{"id":"T3535","span":{"begin":463,"end":468},"obj":"PR:000009279"},{"id":"T3536","span":{"begin":472,"end":476},"obj":"NCBITaxon:10088"},{"id":"T3537","span":{"begin":518,"end":522},"obj":"NCBITaxon:10088"},{"id":"T3538","span":{"begin":571,"end":576},"obj":"PR:000009279"},{"id":"T3539","span":{"begin":580,"end":584},"obj":"NCBITaxon:10088"},{"id":"T3540","span":{"begin":900,"end":905},"obj":"PR:000009279"},{"id":"T3541","span":{"begin":909,"end":913},"obj":"NCBITaxon:10088"},{"id":"T3542","span":{"begin":1103,"end":1107},"obj":"NCBITaxon:10088"},{"id":"T3543","span":{"begin":1172,"end":1182},"obj":"UBERON:0000440"},{"id":"T3544","span":{"begin":1223,"end":1233},"obj":"UBERON:0000440"},{"id":"T3545","span":{"begin":1255,"end":1260},"obj":"PR:000009279"},{"id":"T3546","span":{"begin":1264,"end":1268},"obj":"NCBITaxon:10088"},{"id":"T3547","span":{"begin":1310,"end":1314},"obj":"NCBITaxon:10088"}],"text":"Three-Dimensional Architecture of Bone Is Preserved in Aged Sam68−/− Mice\nBone loss and compromised architecture are characteristic features of the skeletons of aged C57BL/6 mice and resemble the clinical features of age-related bone loss in humans that can predispose an individual to fracture. Quantification of the micro-CT data shown in Figure 3B confirmed the reduction in bone volume compared with tissue volume (BV/TV; Figure 4A, left) in the 12-month-old Sam68+/+ mice (hatched bars) compared with 4-month-old mice of both genotypes (solid bars) and 12-month-old Sam68−/− mice (stippled bars). This was associated with a significant increase (p \u003c 0.01; denoted by the asterisks) in the structure model index, which measures the ratio of plate-like to rod-like structures (Figure 4A, right). A quantifiable increase in the mean trabecular separation (Tb.Sp) (unpublished data) in 12-month-old Sam68+/+ mice was due to an increase in the percentage of spaces falling in the range of 350 to 700 μm (Figure 4B, red hatched line). Trabecular thickness remained constant among the different groups of mice (unpublished data). In effect, this meant that there were fewer trabeculae, rather than equivalent numbers of thin trabeculae, in the 12-month-old Sam68+/+ mice compared with any of the other groups of mice.\nFigure 4 Quantitative Micro-CT of Trabecular Bone Composition and Architecture\n(A) Bone volume/tissue volume (BV/TV) and structure model index (SMI) were calculated on the femur and fourth lumbar vertebra of six or seven mice in each group using 3D Creator software supplied with the Skyscan instrument. Results expressed as the mean ± SD showed significant differences (p \u003c 0.01) between 4-month-old Sam68+/+ mice (solid black) and 12-month-old Sam68+/+ mice (hatched black) but not between 4-month-old Sam68−/− mice (solid white) and 12-month-old Sam68−/− mice (stippled white).\n(B) The distance between trabeculae was reflected in a shift to the right of the distribution curves for 12-month-old Sam68+/+. Solid black = 4-month-old Sam68+/+; hatched black = 12-month-old Sam68+/+; solid red = 4-month-old Sam68−/−; stippled red = 12-month-old Sam68−/−. The asterisks denote p \u003c 0.01."}

{"project":"craft-ca-core-ex-dev","denotations":[{"id":"T3548","span":{"begin":34,"end":38},"obj":"UBERON_EXT:bone_element_or_tissue"},{"id":"T3549","span":{"begin":55,"end":59},"obj":"GO_PATO_EXT:aging_or_agedness"},{"id":"T3550","span":{"begin":60,"end":65},"obj":"PR_EXT:000009279"},{"id":"T3551","span":{"begin":65,"end":66},"obj":"SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence"},{"id":"T3552","span":{"begin":67,"end":68},"obj":"SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence"},{"id":"T3553","span":{"begin":69,"end":73},"obj":"NCBITaxon:10088"},{"id":"T3554","span":{"begin":74,"end":78},"obj":"UBERON_EXT:bone_element_or_tissue"},{"id":"T3555","span":{"begin":148,"end":157},"obj":"UBERON:0004288"},{"id":"T3556","span":{"begin":161,"end":165},"obj":"GO_PATO_EXT:aging_or_agedness"},{"id":"T3557","span":{"begin":174,"end":178},"obj":"NCBITaxon:10088"},{"id":"T3558","span":{"begin":229,"end":233},"obj":"UBERON_EXT:bone_element_or_tissue"},{"id":"T3559","span":{"begin":242,"end":248},"obj":"NCBITaxon:9606"},{"id":"T3560","span":{"begin":272,"end":282},"obj":"NCBITaxon:1"},{"id":"T3561","span":{"begin":378,"end":382},"obj":"UBERON_EXT:bone_element_or_tissue"},{"id":"T3562","span":{"begin":404,"end":410},"obj":"UBERON:0000479"},{"id":"T3563","span":{"begin":463,"end":468},"obj":"PR_EXT:000009279"},{"id":"T3564","span":{"begin":468,"end":469},"obj":"SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present"},{"id":"T3565","span":{"begin":470,"end":471},"obj":"SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present"},{"id":"T3566","span":{"begin":472,"end":476},"obj":"NCBITaxon:10088"},{"id":"T3567","span":{"begin":518,"end":522},"obj":"NCBITaxon:10088"},{"id":"T3568","span":{"begin":531,"end":540},"obj":"SO_EXT:genotype_or_entity_with_genotype"},{"id":"T3569","span":{"begin":571,"end":576},"obj":"PR_EXT:000009279"},{"id":"T3570","span":{"begin":576,"end":577},"obj":"SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence"},{"id":"T3571","span":{"begin":578,"end":579},"obj":"SO_EXT:sequence_nullness_or_absence"},{"id":"T3572","span":{"begin":580,"end":584},"obj":"NCBITaxon:10088"},{"id":"T3573","span":{"begin":835,"end":845},"obj":"PATO_UBERON_EXT:trabeculation_entity_or_quality"},{"id":"T3574","span":{"begin":900,"end":905},"obj":"PR_EXT:000009279"},{"id":"T3575","span":{"begin":905,"end":906},"obj":"SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present"},{"id":"T3576","span":{"begin":907,"end":908},"obj":"SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present"},{"id":"T3577","span":{"begin":909,"end":913},"obj":"NCBITaxon:10088"},{"id":"T3578","span":{"begin":1034,"end":1044},"obj":"PATO_UBERON_EXT:trabeculation_entity_or_quality"},{"id":"T3579","span":{"begin":1103,"end":1107},"obj":"NCBITaxon:10088"},{"id":"T3580","span":{"begin":1172,"end":1182},"obj":"UBERON:0000440"},{"id":"T3581","span":{"begin":1223,"end":1233},"obj":"UBERON:0000440"},{"id":"T3582","span":{"begin":1255,"end":1260},"obj":"PR_EXT:000009279"},{"id":"T3583","span":{"begin":1260,"end":1261},"obj":"SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present"},{"id":"T3584","span":{"begin":1262,"end":1263},"obj":"SO_EXT:normal_or_wild_type_or_present"},{"id":"T3585","span":{"begin":1264,"end":1268},"obj":"NCBITaxon:10088"},{"id":"T3586","span":{"begin":1310,"end":1314},"obj":"NCBITaxon:10088"}],"text":"Three-Dimensional Architecture of Bone Is Preserved in Aged Sam68−/− Mice\nBone loss and compromised architecture are characteristic features of the skeletons of aged C57BL/6 mice and resemble the clinical features of age-related bone loss in humans that can predispose an individual to fracture. Quantification of the micro-CT data shown in Figure 3B confirmed the reduction in bone volume compared with tissue volume (BV/TV; Figure 4A, left) in the 12-month-old Sam68+/+ mice (hatched bars) compared with 4-month-old mice of both genotypes (solid bars) and 12-month-old Sam68−/− mice (stippled bars). This was associated with a significant increase (p \u003c 0.01; denoted by the asterisks) in the structure model index, which measures the ratio of plate-like to rod-like structures (Figure 4A, right). A quantifiable increase in the mean trabecular separation (Tb.Sp) (unpublished data) in 12-month-old Sam68+/+ mice was due to an increase in the percentage of spaces falling in the range of 350 to 700 μm (Figure 4B, red hatched line). Trabecular thickness remained constant among the different groups of mice (unpublished data). In effect, this meant that there were fewer trabeculae, rather than equivalent numbers of thin trabeculae, in the 12-month-old Sam68+/+ mice compared with any of the other groups of mice.\nFigure 4 Quantitative Micro-CT of Trabecular Bone Composition and Architecture\n(A) Bone volume/tissue volume (BV/TV) and structure model index (SMI) were calculated on the femur and fourth lumbar vertebra of six or seven mice in each group using 3D Creator software supplied with the Skyscan instrument. Results expressed as the mean ± SD showed significant differences (p \u003c 0.01) between 4-month-old Sam68+/+ mice (solid black) and 12-month-old Sam68+/+ mice (hatched black) but not between 4-month-old Sam68−/− mice (solid white) and 12-month-old Sam68−/− mice (stippled white).\n(B) The distance between trabeculae was reflected in a shift to the right of the distribution curves for 12-month-old Sam68+/+. Solid black = 4-month-old Sam68+/+; hatched black = 12-month-old Sam68+/+; solid red = 4-month-old Sam68−/−; stippled red = 12-month-old Sam68−/−. The asterisks denote p \u003c 0.01."}