PMC:1142188 / 7865-9328 JSONTXT

{"target":"https://pubannotation.org/docs/sourcedb/PMC/sourceid/1142188","sourcedb":"PMC","sourceid":"1142188","source_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/1142188","text":"Calovini's (36) master's thesis in music therapy studied the effects of participation in one music therapy session on state anxiety in hospice patients. Nurses and social workers referred the 11 adult subjects to the music therapist for participation in the study, and data were collected for 4 months. Eight of the subjects were receiving music therapy before the beginning of the study, and all subjects had been diagnosed with a terminal illness (cancer, pulmonary disease, emphysema and congestive heart failure). The study utilized a pre-test and post-test design with various measurements for anxiety: a self-reporting questionnaire (adapted from Spielberger's State–Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI)) and physiological measures (blood pressure, pulse rate and finger temperature). Music therapy was offered in one of three forms:(i) listening to music and singing, (ii) learning to play an instrument or (iii) using relaxation techniques to music. Each subject chose the type of music therapy desired during the session. There were no statistically significant differences in pre-test and post-test comparisons for the subjects as measured by systolic and diastolic blood pressure, pulse rate, finger temperature and the anxiety questionnaire. The author concluded that single music therapy sessions were limited in their ability to decrease anxiety, and she recommended that further studies use measurement tools designed specifically for the terminally ill.","tracks":[]}