PMC:1142188 / 20556-22303 JSONTXT

{"project":"2_test","denotations":[{"id":"15937557-11712719-29618193","span":{"begin":1069,"end":1071},"obj":"11712719"}],"text":"Although empirical studies are beginning to surface in the literature regarding palliative care music therapy, there remains a serious lack of controlled studies with large sample sizes that would allow for generalization. There is a need for studies with higher levels of control and randomization of subjects. Of all of the quantitative studies mentioned here, only two controlled for specific hospice diagnoses (8,37). Subjects with different terminal diagnoses may constitute a confounding variable since death trajectories vary by terminal diagnosis. Lack of randomization is a limitation for most of the studies discussed here; only three used randomization (8,34,40). Of those that used randomization, only one showed significant differences supporting the use of music therapy (8). Most of the sample sizes are small, which limits generalization, but among those with larger sample sizes, there were significant differences supporting the use of music therapy for the terminally ill. Some of the studies evaluated only single music therapy sessions, and Krout (39) argued that future research should evaluate music therapy across multiple sessions. Measurement tools varied, but Calovini (36) encouraged the use of tools designed specifically for the terminally ill. Only one study utilized a measurement tool designed for the terminally ill with established reliability and validity (8). Although the studies have limitations, the results show promise for the use of music therapy in palliative care. Six of the studies cited a statistically significant difference with the use of music therapy (Table 2). Therefore, the results of these studies encourage further research to better understand the use of music therapy in palliative care."}

{"project":"MyTest","denotations":[{"id":"15937557-11712719-29618193","span":{"begin":1069,"end":1071},"obj":"11712719"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"_base","uri":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/testbase"},{"prefix":"UniProtKB","uri":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/"},{"prefix":"uniprot","uri":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/"}],"text":"Although empirical studies are beginning to surface in the literature regarding palliative care music therapy, there remains a serious lack of controlled studies with large sample sizes that would allow for generalization. There is a need for studies with higher levels of control and randomization of subjects. Of all of the quantitative studies mentioned here, only two controlled for specific hospice diagnoses (8,37). Subjects with different terminal diagnoses may constitute a confounding variable since death trajectories vary by terminal diagnosis. Lack of randomization is a limitation for most of the studies discussed here; only three used randomization (8,34,40). Of those that used randomization, only one showed significant differences supporting the use of music therapy (8). Most of the sample sizes are small, which limits generalization, but among those with larger sample sizes, there were significant differences supporting the use of music therapy for the terminally ill. Some of the studies evaluated only single music therapy sessions, and Krout (39) argued that future research should evaluate music therapy across multiple sessions. Measurement tools varied, but Calovini (36) encouraged the use of tools designed specifically for the terminally ill. Only one study utilized a measurement tool designed for the terminally ill with established reliability and validity (8). Although the studies have limitations, the results show promise for the use of music therapy in palliative care. Six of the studies cited a statistically significant difference with the use of music therapy (Table 2). Therefore, the results of these studies encourage further research to better understand the use of music therapy in palliative care."}