Id |
Subject |
Object |
Predicate |
Lexical cue |
T727 |
0-3 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T728 |
4-6 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T730 |
3-4 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T731 |
7-17 |
NN |
denotes |
Deficiency |
T732 |
18-24 |
VBZ |
denotes |
Causes |
T733 |
25-37 |
NN |
denotes |
Multi-System |
T734 |
55-67 |
NNS |
denotes |
Derangements |
T735 |
38-44 |
NN |
denotes |
Energy |
T736 |
45-54 |
JJ |
denotes |
Metabolic |
T737 |
67-69 |
: |
denotes |
: |
T738 |
69-75 |
NN |
denotes |
Muscle |
T739 |
76-87 |
NN |
denotes |
Dysfunction |
T740 |
87-89 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T741 |
89-97 |
JJ |
denotes |
Abnormal |
T742 |
105-112 |
NN |
denotes |
Control |
T743 |
98-104 |
NN |
denotes |
Weight |
T744 |
113-116 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T745 |
117-124 |
JJ |
denotes |
Hepatic |
T746 |
125-134 |
NN |
denotes |
Steatosis |
T747 |
134-135 |
sentence |
denotes |
|
T748 |
189-329 |
sentence |
denotes |
The gene encoding the transcriptional coactivator peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) was targeted in mice. |
T749 |
189-192 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T750 |
193-197 |
NN |
denotes |
gene |
T751 |
312-320 |
VBN |
denotes |
targeted |
T752 |
198-206 |
VBG |
denotes |
encoding |
T753 |
207-210 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T754 |
227-238 |
NN |
denotes |
coactivator |
T755 |
211-226 |
JJ |
denotes |
transcriptional |
T756 |
239-249 |
NN |
denotes |
peroxisome |
T757 |
250-262 |
NN |
denotes |
proliferator |
T758 |
263-272 |
VBN |
denotes |
activated |
T759 |
262-263 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T760 |
296-298 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T761 |
273-281 |
NN |
denotes |
receptor |
T762 |
281-282 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T763 |
282-283 |
SYM |
denotes |
γ |
T764 |
284-295 |
NN |
denotes |
coactivator |
T765 |
295-296 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T766 |
299-300 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T767 |
300-303 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T768 |
304-306 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T769 |
303-304 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T770 |
306-307 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T771 |
308-311 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T772 |
321-323 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T773 |
324-328 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T774 |
328-329 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T775 |
329-371 |
sentence |
denotes |
PGC-1α null (PGC-1α−/−) mice were viable. |
T776 |
330-333 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T777 |
334-336 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T778 |
333-334 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T779 |
337-341 |
JJ |
denotes |
null |
T780 |
347-349 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T781 |
342-343 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T782 |
343-346 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T783 |
346-347 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T784 |
354-358 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T785 |
349-350 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T786 |
350-351 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T787 |
351-352 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T788 |
352-353 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T789 |
359-363 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T790 |
364-370 |
JJ |
denotes |
viable |
T791 |
370-371 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T792 |
371-492 |
sentence |
denotes |
However, extensive phenotyping revealed multi-system abnormalities indicative of an abnormal energy metabolic phenotype. |
T793 |
372-379 |
RB |
denotes |
However |
T794 |
403-411 |
VBD |
denotes |
revealed |
T795 |
379-381 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T796 |
381-390 |
JJ |
denotes |
extensive |
T797 |
391-402 |
NN |
denotes |
phenotyping |
T798 |
412-424 |
JJ |
denotes |
multi-system |
T799 |
425-438 |
NNS |
denotes |
abnormalities |
T800 |
439-449 |
JJ |
denotes |
indicative |
T801 |
450-452 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T802 |
453-455 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T803 |
482-491 |
NN |
denotes |
phenotype |
T804 |
456-464 |
JJ |
denotes |
abnormal |
T805 |
465-471 |
NN |
denotes |
energy |
T806 |
472-481 |
JJ |
denotes |
metabolic |
T807 |
491-492 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T808 |
492-632 |
sentence |
denotes |
The postnatal growth of heart and slow-twitch skeletal muscle, organs with high mitochondrial energy demands, is blunted in PGC-1α−/− mice. |
T809 |
493-496 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T810 |
507-513 |
NN |
denotes |
growth |
T811 |
497-506 |
JJ |
denotes |
postnatal |
T812 |
606-613 |
VBN |
denotes |
blunted |
T813 |
514-516 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T814 |
517-522 |
NN |
denotes |
heart |
T815 |
523-526 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T816 |
527-531 |
JJ |
denotes |
slow |
T817 |
532-538 |
NN |
denotes |
twitch |
T818 |
531-532 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T819 |
548-554 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T820 |
539-547 |
JJ |
denotes |
skeletal |
T821 |
554-556 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T822 |
556-562 |
NNS |
denotes |
organs |
T823 |
563-567 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T824 |
568-572 |
JJ |
denotes |
high |
T825 |
594-601 |
NNS |
denotes |
demands |
T826 |
573-586 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T827 |
587-593 |
NN |
denotes |
energy |
T828 |
601-603 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T829 |
603-605 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T830 |
614-616 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T831 |
617-620 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T832 |
621-623 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T833 |
620-621 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T834 |
627-631 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T835 |
623-624 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T836 |
624-625 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T837 |
625-626 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T838 |
631-632 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T839 |
632-744 |
sentence |
denotes |
With age, the PGC-1α−/− mice develop abnormally increased body fat, a phenotype that is more severe in females. |
T840 |
633-637 |
IN |
denotes |
With |
T841 |
662-669 |
VBP |
denotes |
develop |
T842 |
638-641 |
NN |
denotes |
age |
T843 |
641-643 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T844 |
643-646 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T845 |
657-661 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T846 |
647-650 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T847 |
651-653 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T848 |
650-651 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T849 |
653-654 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T850 |
654-655 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T851 |
655-656 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T852 |
670-680 |
RB |
denotes |
abnormally |
T853 |
681-690 |
VBN |
denotes |
increased |
T854 |
696-699 |
NN |
denotes |
fat |
T855 |
691-695 |
NN |
denotes |
body |
T856 |
699-701 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T857 |
701-702 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T858 |
703-712 |
NN |
denotes |
phenotype |
T859 |
713-717 |
WDT |
denotes |
that |
T860 |
718-720 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T861 |
721-725 |
RBR |
denotes |
more |
T862 |
726-732 |
JJ |
denotes |
severe |
T863 |
733-735 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T864 |
736-743 |
NNS |
denotes |
females |
T865 |
743-744 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T866 |
744-915 |
sentence |
denotes |
Mitochondrial number and respiratory capacity is diminished in slow-twitch skeletal muscle of PGC-1α−/− mice, leading to reduced muscle performance and exercise capacity. |
T867 |
745-758 |
JJ |
denotes |
Mitochondrial |
T868 |
759-765 |
NN |
denotes |
number |
T869 |
794-804 |
VBN |
denotes |
diminished |
T870 |
766-769 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T871 |
770-781 |
JJ |
denotes |
respiratory |
T872 |
782-790 |
NN |
denotes |
capacity |
T873 |
791-793 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T874 |
805-807 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T875 |
808-812 |
JJ |
denotes |
slow |
T876 |
813-819 |
NN |
denotes |
twitch |
T877 |
812-813 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T878 |
829-835 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T879 |
820-828 |
JJ |
denotes |
skeletal |
T880 |
836-838 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T881 |
839-842 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T882 |
843-845 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T883 |
842-843 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T884 |
849-853 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T885 |
845-846 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T886 |
846-847 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T887 |
847-848 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T888 |
853-855 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T889 |
855-862 |
VBG |
denotes |
leading |
T890 |
863-865 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T891 |
866-873 |
VBN |
denotes |
reduced |
T892 |
881-892 |
NN |
denotes |
performance |
T893 |
874-880 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T894 |
893-896 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T895 |
897-905 |
NN |
denotes |
exercise |
T896 |
906-914 |
NN |
denotes |
capacity |
T897 |
914-915 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T898 |
915-1029 |
sentence |
denotes |
PGC-1α−/− mice exhibit a modest diminution in cardiac function related largely to abnormal control of heart rate. |
T899 |
916-919 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T900 |
920-922 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T901 |
919-920 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T902 |
926-930 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T903 |
922-923 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T904 |
923-924 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T905 |
924-925 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T906 |
931-938 |
VBP |
denotes |
exhibit |
T907 |
939-940 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T908 |
948-958 |
NN |
denotes |
diminution |
T909 |
941-947 |
JJ |
denotes |
modest |
T910 |
959-961 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T911 |
962-969 |
JJ |
denotes |
cardiac |
T912 |
970-978 |
NN |
denotes |
function |
T913 |
979-986 |
VBN |
denotes |
related |
T914 |
987-994 |
RB |
denotes |
largely |
T915 |
995-997 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T916 |
998-1006 |
JJ |
denotes |
abnormal |
T917 |
1007-1014 |
NN |
denotes |
control |
T918 |
1015-1017 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T919 |
1018-1023 |
NN |
denotes |
heart |
T920 |
1024-1028 |
NN |
denotes |
rate |
T921 |
1028-1029 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T922 |
1029-1171 |
sentence |
denotes |
The PGC-1α−/− mice were unable to maintain core body temperature following exposure to cold, consistent with an altered thermogenic response. |
T923 |
1030-1033 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T924 |
1044-1048 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T925 |
1034-1037 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T926 |
1038-1040 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T927 |
1037-1038 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T928 |
1040-1041 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T929 |
1041-1042 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T930 |
1042-1043 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T931 |
1049-1053 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T932 |
1054-1060 |
JJ |
denotes |
unable |
T933 |
1061-1063 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T934 |
1064-1072 |
VB |
denotes |
maintain |
T935 |
1073-1077 |
NN |
denotes |
core |
T936 |
1083-1094 |
NN |
denotes |
temperature |
T937 |
1078-1082 |
NN |
denotes |
body |
T938 |
1095-1104 |
VBG |
denotes |
following |
T939 |
1105-1113 |
NN |
denotes |
exposure |
T940 |
1114-1116 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T941 |
1117-1121 |
NN |
denotes |
cold |
T942 |
1121-1123 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T943 |
1123-1133 |
JJ |
denotes |
consistent |
T944 |
1134-1138 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T945 |
1139-1141 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T946 |
1162-1170 |
NN |
denotes |
response |
T947 |
1142-1149 |
JJ |
denotes |
altered |
T948 |
1150-1161 |
JJ |
denotes |
thermogenic |
T949 |
1170-1171 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T950 |
1171-1360 |
sentence |
denotes |
Following short-term starvation, PGC-1α−/− mice develop hepatic steatosis due to a combination of reduced mitochondrial respiratory capacity and an increased expression of lipogenic genes. |
T951 |
1172-1181 |
VBG |
denotes |
Following |
T952 |
1220-1227 |
VBP |
denotes |
develop |
T953 |
1182-1187 |
JJ |
denotes |
short |
T954 |
1188-1192 |
NN |
denotes |
term |
T955 |
1187-1188 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T956 |
1193-1203 |
NN |
denotes |
starvation |
T957 |
1203-1205 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T958 |
1205-1208 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T959 |
1209-1211 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T960 |
1208-1209 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T961 |
1215-1219 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T962 |
1211-1212 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T963 |
1212-1213 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T964 |
1213-1214 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T965 |
1228-1235 |
JJ |
denotes |
hepatic |
T966 |
1236-1245 |
NN |
denotes |
steatosis |
T967 |
1246-1249 |
IN |
denotes |
due |
T968 |
1250-1252 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T969 |
1253-1254 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T970 |
1255-1266 |
NN |
denotes |
combination |
T971 |
1267-1269 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T972 |
1270-1277 |
VBN |
denotes |
reduced |
T973 |
1304-1312 |
NN |
denotes |
capacity |
T974 |
1278-1291 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T975 |
1292-1303 |
JJ |
denotes |
respiratory |
T976 |
1313-1316 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T977 |
1317-1319 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T978 |
1330-1340 |
NN |
denotes |
expression |
T979 |
1320-1329 |
VBN |
denotes |
increased |
T980 |
1341-1343 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T981 |
1344-1353 |
JJ |
denotes |
lipogenic |
T982 |
1354-1359 |
NNS |
denotes |
genes |
T983 |
1359-1360 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T984 |
1360-1471 |
sentence |
denotes |
Surprisingly, PGC-1α−/− mice were less susceptible to diet-induced insulin resistance than wild-type controls. |
T985 |
1361-1373 |
RB |
denotes |
Surprisingly |
T986 |
1390-1394 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T987 |
1373-1375 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T988 |
1375-1378 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T989 |
1379-1381 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T990 |
1378-1379 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T991 |
1385-1389 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T992 |
1381-1382 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T993 |
1382-1383 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T994 |
1383-1384 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T995 |
1395-1399 |
RBR |
denotes |
less |
T996 |
1400-1411 |
JJ |
denotes |
susceptible |
T997 |
1412-1414 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T998 |
1415-1419 |
NN |
denotes |
diet |
T999 |
1420-1427 |
VBN |
denotes |
induced |
T1000 |
1419-1420 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T1001 |
1436-1446 |
NN |
denotes |
resistance |
T1002 |
1428-1435 |
NN |
denotes |
insulin |
T1003 |
1447-1451 |
IN |
denotes |
than |
T1004 |
1452-1456 |
JJ |
denotes |
wild |
T1005 |
1457-1461 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T1006 |
1456-1457 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T1007 |
1462-1470 |
NNS |
denotes |
controls |
T1008 |
1470-1471 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T1009 |
1471-1559 |
sentence |
denotes |
Lastly, vacuolar lesions were detected in the central nervous system of PGC-1α−/− mice. |
T1010 |
1472-1478 |
RB |
denotes |
Lastly |
T1011 |
1502-1510 |
VBN |
denotes |
detected |
T1012 |
1478-1480 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T1013 |
1480-1488 |
JJ |
denotes |
vacuolar |
T1014 |
1489-1496 |
NNS |
denotes |
lesions |
T1015 |
1497-1501 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T1016 |
1511-1513 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T1017 |
1514-1517 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T1018 |
1534-1540 |
NN |
denotes |
system |
T1019 |
1518-1525 |
JJ |
denotes |
central |
T1020 |
1526-1533 |
JJ |
denotes |
nervous |
T1021 |
1541-1543 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T1022 |
1544-1547 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T1023 |
1548-1550 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T1024 |
1547-1548 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T1025 |
1554-1558 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T1026 |
1550-1551 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T1027 |
1551-1552 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T1028 |
1552-1553 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T1029 |
1558-1559 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T1030 |
1559-1699 |
sentence |
denotes |
These results demonstrate that PGC-1α is necessary for appropriate adaptation to the metabolic and physiologic stressors of postnatal life. |
T1031 |
1560-1565 |
DT |
denotes |
These |
T1032 |
1566-1573 |
NNS |
denotes |
results |
T1033 |
1574-1585 |
VBP |
denotes |
demonstrate |
T1034 |
1586-1590 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T1035 |
1598-1600 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T1036 |
1591-1594 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T1037 |
1595-1597 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T1038 |
1594-1595 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T1039 |
1601-1610 |
JJ |
denotes |
necessary |
T1040 |
1611-1614 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T1041 |
1615-1626 |
JJ |
denotes |
appropriate |
T1042 |
1627-1637 |
NN |
denotes |
adaptation |
T1043 |
1638-1640 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T1044 |
1641-1644 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T1045 |
1671-1680 |
NNS |
denotes |
stressors |
T1046 |
1645-1654 |
JJ |
denotes |
metabolic |
T1047 |
1655-1658 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T1048 |
1659-1670 |
JJ |
denotes |
physiologic |
T1049 |
1681-1683 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T1050 |
1684-1693 |
JJ |
denotes |
postnatal |
T1051 |
1694-1698 |
NN |
denotes |
life |
T1052 |
1698-1699 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3560 |
2334-2335 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T3501 |
1910-1923 |
JJ |
denotes |
Mitochondrial |
T3502 |
1935-1943 |
NN |
denotes |
capacity |
T3503 |
1924-1934 |
JJ |
denotes |
functional |
T3504 |
1959-1968 |
VBN |
denotes |
regulated |
T3505 |
1944-1946 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T3506 |
1947-1958 |
RB |
denotes |
dynamically |
T3507 |
1969-1971 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T3508 |
1972-1976 |
VB |
denotes |
meet |
T3509 |
1977-1980 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T3510 |
1996-2003 |
NNS |
denotes |
demands |
T3511 |
1981-1988 |
JJ |
denotes |
diverse |
T3512 |
1989-1995 |
NN |
denotes |
energy |
T3513 |
2004-2011 |
VBN |
denotes |
imposed |
T3514 |
2012-2014 |
IN |
denotes |
on |
T3515 |
2015-2018 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T3516 |
2029-2037 |
NN |
denotes |
organism |
T3517 |
2019-2028 |
JJ |
denotes |
mammalian |
T3518 |
2038-2047 |
VBG |
denotes |
following |
T3519 |
2048-2053 |
NN |
denotes |
birth |
T3520 |
2053-2054 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3521 |
2054-2303 |
sentence |
denotes |
Postnatal mitochondrial biogenesis involves multiple signaling and transcriptional regulatory pathways that control the coordinate expression of nuclear and mitochondrial genes involved in mitochondrial structure, metabolism, and proliferation [1]. |
T3522 |
2055-2064 |
JJ |
denotes |
Postnatal |
T3523 |
2079-2089 |
NN |
denotes |
biogenesis |
T3524 |
2065-2078 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T3525 |
2090-2098 |
VBZ |
denotes |
involves |
T3526 |
2099-2107 |
JJ |
denotes |
multiple |
T3527 |
2149-2157 |
NNS |
denotes |
pathways |
T3528 |
2108-2117 |
NN |
denotes |
signaling |
T3529 |
2118-2121 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T3530 |
2122-2137 |
JJ |
denotes |
transcriptional |
T3531 |
2138-2148 |
JJ |
denotes |
regulatory |
T3532 |
2158-2162 |
WDT |
denotes |
that |
T3533 |
2163-2170 |
VBP |
denotes |
control |
T3534 |
2171-2174 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T3535 |
2186-2196 |
NN |
denotes |
expression |
T3536 |
2175-2185 |
JJ |
denotes |
coordinate |
T3537 |
2197-2199 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3538 |
2200-2207 |
JJ |
denotes |
nuclear |
T3539 |
2226-2231 |
NNS |
denotes |
genes |
T3540 |
2208-2211 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T3541 |
2212-2225 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T3542 |
2232-2240 |
VBN |
denotes |
involved |
T3543 |
2241-2243 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T3544 |
2244-2257 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T3545 |
2258-2267 |
NN |
denotes |
structure |
T3546 |
2267-2269 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3547 |
2269-2279 |
NN |
denotes |
metabolism |
T3548 |
2279-2281 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3549 |
2281-2284 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T3550 |
2285-2298 |
NN |
denotes |
proliferation |
T3551 |
2299-2300 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T3552 |
2300-2301 |
CD |
denotes |
1 |
T3553 |
2301-2302 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T3554 |
2302-2303 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3555 |
2303-2623 |
sentence |
denotes |
Recent evidence points toward a transcriptional coactivator, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), as an integrator of the molecular regulatory circuitry involved in the transcriptional control of cellular energy metabolism, including mitochondrial function and biogenesis [1,2]. |
T3556 |
2304-2310 |
JJ |
denotes |
Recent |
T3557 |
2311-2319 |
NN |
denotes |
evidence |
T3558 |
2320-2326 |
VBZ |
denotes |
points |
T3559 |
2327-2333 |
IN |
denotes |
toward |
T3561 |
2352-2363 |
NN |
denotes |
coactivator |
T3562 |
2336-2351 |
JJ |
denotes |
transcriptional |
T3563 |
2363-2365 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3564 |
2365-2375 |
NN |
denotes |
peroxisome |
T3565 |
2376-2388 |
NN |
denotes |
proliferator |
T3566 |
2389-2398 |
VBN |
denotes |
activated |
T3567 |
2388-2389 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T3568 |
2399-2407 |
NN |
denotes |
receptor |
T3569 |
2430-2432 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T3570 |
2407-2408 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T3571 |
2408-2409 |
SYM |
denotes |
γ |
T3572 |
2410-2411 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T3573 |
2411-2416 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARγ |
T3574 |
2416-2417 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T3575 |
2418-2429 |
NN |
denotes |
coactivator |
T3576 |
2429-2430 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T3577 |
2433-2434 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T3578 |
2434-2437 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T3579 |
2438-2440 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T3580 |
2437-2438 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T3581 |
2440-2441 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T3582 |
2441-2443 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3583 |
2443-2445 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T3584 |
2446-2448 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T3585 |
2449-2459 |
NN |
denotes |
integrator |
T3586 |
2460-2462 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3587 |
2463-2466 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T3588 |
2488-2497 |
NN |
denotes |
circuitry |
T3589 |
2467-2476 |
JJ |
denotes |
molecular |
T3590 |
2477-2487 |
JJ |
denotes |
regulatory |
T3591 |
2498-2506 |
VBN |
denotes |
involved |
T3592 |
2507-2509 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T3593 |
2510-2513 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T3594 |
2530-2537 |
NN |
denotes |
control |
T3595 |
2514-2529 |
JJ |
denotes |
transcriptional |
T3596 |
2538-2540 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3597 |
2541-2549 |
JJ |
denotes |
cellular |
T3598 |
2557-2567 |
NN |
denotes |
metabolism |
T3599 |
2550-2556 |
NN |
denotes |
energy |
T3600 |
2567-2569 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3601 |
2569-2578 |
VBG |
denotes |
including |
T3602 |
2579-2592 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T3603 |
2593-2601 |
NN |
denotes |
function |
T3604 |
2602-2605 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T3605 |
2606-2616 |
NN |
denotes |
biogenesis |
T3606 |
2617-2618 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T3607 |
2620-2621 |
CD |
denotes |
2 |
T3608 |
2618-2619 |
CD |
denotes |
1 |
T3609 |
2619-2620 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3610 |
2621-2622 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T3611 |
2622-2623 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3612 |
2623-2771 |
sentence |
denotes |
PGC-1α was discovered in a yeast two-hybrid screen for brown adipose-specific factors that interact with the adipogenic nuclear receptor PPARγ [2]. |
T3613 |
2624-2627 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T3614 |
2628-2630 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T3615 |
2627-2628 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T3616 |
2635-2645 |
VBN |
denotes |
discovered |
T3617 |
2631-2634 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T3618 |
2646-2648 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T3619 |
2649-2650 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T3620 |
2668-2674 |
NN |
denotes |
screen |
T3621 |
2651-2656 |
NN |
denotes |
yeast |
T3622 |
2657-2660 |
CD |
denotes |
two |
T3623 |
2661-2667 |
NN |
denotes |
hybrid |
T3624 |
2660-2661 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T3625 |
2675-2678 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T3626 |
2679-2684 |
JJ |
denotes |
brown |
T3627 |
2685-2692 |
NN |
denotes |
adipose |
T3628 |
2693-2701 |
JJ |
denotes |
specific |
T3629 |
2692-2693 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T3630 |
2702-2709 |
NNS |
denotes |
factors |
T3631 |
2710-2714 |
WDT |
denotes |
that |
T3632 |
2715-2723 |
VBP |
denotes |
interact |
T3633 |
2724-2728 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T3634 |
2729-2732 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T3635 |
2752-2760 |
NN |
denotes |
receptor |
T3636 |
2733-2743 |
JJ |
denotes |
adipogenic |
T3637 |
2744-2751 |
JJ |
denotes |
nuclear |
T3638 |
2761-2766 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARγ |
T3639 |
2767-2768 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T3640 |
2768-2769 |
CD |
denotes |
2 |
T3641 |
2769-2770 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T3642 |
2770-2771 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3643 |
2771-2892 |
sentence |
denotes |
Subsequently, two additional PGC-1 family members were identified, PGC-1 related coactivator (PRC) [3] and PGC-1β [4,5]. |
T3644 |
2772-2784 |
RB |
denotes |
Subsequently |
T3645 |
2827-2837 |
VBN |
denotes |
identified |
T3646 |
2784-2786 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3647 |
2786-2789 |
CD |
denotes |
two |
T3648 |
2814-2821 |
NNS |
denotes |
members |
T3649 |
2790-2800 |
JJ |
denotes |
additional |
T3650 |
2801-2804 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T3651 |
2804-2805 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T3652 |
2805-2806 |
CD |
denotes |
1 |
T3653 |
2807-2813 |
NN |
denotes |
family |
T3654 |
2822-2826 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T3655 |
2837-2839 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3656 |
2839-2842 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T3657 |
2845-2852 |
VBN |
denotes |
related |
T3658 |
2842-2843 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T3659 |
2843-2844 |
CD |
denotes |
1 |
T3660 |
2853-2864 |
NN |
denotes |
coactivator |
T3661 |
2865-2866 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T3662 |
2866-2869 |
NN |
denotes |
PRC |
T3663 |
2869-2870 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T3664 |
2871-2872 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T3665 |
2872-2873 |
CD |
denotes |
3 |
T3666 |
2873-2874 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T3667 |
2875-2878 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T3668 |
2879-2882 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T3669 |
2883-2885 |
NN |
denotes |
1β |
T3670 |
2882-2883 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T3671 |
2886-2887 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T3672 |
2889-2890 |
CD |
denotes |
5 |
T3673 |
2887-2888 |
CD |
denotes |
4 |
T3674 |
2888-2889 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3675 |
2890-2891 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T3676 |
2891-2892 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3677 |
2892-3047 |
sentence |
denotes |
PGC-1α serves as a direct transcriptional coactivator of nuclear and nonnuclear receptor transcription factors involved in cellular energy metabolism [6]. |
T3678 |
2893-2896 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T3679 |
2897-2899 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T3680 |
2896-2897 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T3681 |
2900-2906 |
VBZ |
denotes |
serves |
T3682 |
2907-2909 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T3683 |
2910-2911 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T3684 |
2935-2946 |
NN |
denotes |
coactivator |
T3685 |
2912-2918 |
JJ |
denotes |
direct |
T3686 |
2919-2934 |
JJ |
denotes |
transcriptional |
T3687 |
2947-2949 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3688 |
2950-2957 |
JJ |
denotes |
nuclear |
T3689 |
2996-3003 |
NNS |
denotes |
factors |
T3690 |
2958-2961 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T3691 |
2962-2972 |
JJ |
denotes |
nonnuclear |
T3692 |
2973-2981 |
NN |
denotes |
receptor |
T3693 |
2982-2995 |
NN |
denotes |
transcription |
T3694 |
3004-3012 |
VBN |
denotes |
involved |
T3695 |
3013-3015 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T3696 |
3016-3024 |
JJ |
denotes |
cellular |
T3697 |
3032-3042 |
NN |
denotes |
metabolism |
T3698 |
3025-3031 |
NN |
denotes |
energy |
T3699 |
3043-3044 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T3700 |
3044-3045 |
CD |
denotes |
6 |
T3701 |
3045-3046 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T3702 |
3046-3047 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3703 |
3047-3276 |
sentence |
denotes |
PGC-1α is distinct among most coactivators in that it exhibits a tissue-enriched expression pattern and is highly inducible by physiologic conditions known to increase the demand for mitochondrial ATP or heat production [2,6,7]. |
T3704 |
3048-3051 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T3705 |
3052-3054 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T3706 |
3051-3052 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T3707 |
3055-3057 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T3708 |
3058-3066 |
JJ |
denotes |
distinct |
T3709 |
3067-3072 |
IN |
denotes |
among |
T3710 |
3073-3077 |
JJS |
denotes |
most |
T3711 |
3078-3090 |
NNS |
denotes |
coactivators |
T3712 |
3091-3093 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T3713 |
3102-3110 |
VBZ |
denotes |
exhibits |
T3714 |
3094-3098 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T3715 |
3099-3101 |
PRP |
denotes |
it |
T3716 |
3111-3112 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T3717 |
3140-3147 |
NN |
denotes |
pattern |
T3718 |
3113-3119 |
NN |
denotes |
tissue |
T3719 |
3120-3128 |
VBN |
denotes |
enriched |
T3720 |
3119-3120 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T3721 |
3129-3139 |
NN |
denotes |
expression |
T3722 |
3148-3151 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T3723 |
3152-3154 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T3724 |
3155-3161 |
RB |
denotes |
highly |
T3725 |
3162-3171 |
JJ |
denotes |
inducible |
T3726 |
3172-3174 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T3727 |
3175-3186 |
JJ |
denotes |
physiologic |
T3728 |
3187-3197 |
NNS |
denotes |
conditions |
T3729 |
3198-3203 |
VBN |
denotes |
known |
T3730 |
3204-3206 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T3731 |
3207-3215 |
VB |
denotes |
increase |
T3732 |
3216-3219 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T3733 |
3220-3226 |
NN |
denotes |
demand |
T3734 |
3227-3230 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T3735 |
3231-3244 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T3736 |
3245-3248 |
NN |
denotes |
ATP |
T3737 |
3249-3251 |
CC |
denotes |
or |
T3738 |
3252-3256 |
NN |
denotes |
heat |
T3739 |
3257-3267 |
NN |
denotes |
production |
T3740 |
3268-3269 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T3741 |
3273-3274 |
CD |
denotes |
7 |
T3742 |
3269-3270 |
CD |
denotes |
2 |
T3743 |
3270-3271 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3744 |
3271-3272 |
CD |
denotes |
6 |
T3745 |
3272-3273 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3746 |
3274-3275 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T3747 |
3275-3276 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3748 |
3276-3427 |
sentence |
denotes |
PGC-1α is enriched in brown adipose tissue (BAT), heart, slow-twitch skeletal muscle, and kidney—all tissues with high-capacity mitochondrial systems. |
T3749 |
3277-3280 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T3750 |
3281-3283 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T3751 |
3280-3281 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T3752 |
3287-3295 |
VBN |
denotes |
enriched |
T3753 |
3284-3286 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T3754 |
3296-3298 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T3755 |
3299-3304 |
JJ |
denotes |
brown |
T3756 |
3313-3319 |
NN |
denotes |
tissue |
T3757 |
3305-3312 |
NN |
denotes |
adipose |
T3758 |
3320-3321 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T3759 |
3321-3324 |
NN |
denotes |
BAT |
T3760 |
3324-3325 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T3761 |
3325-3327 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3762 |
3327-3332 |
NN |
denotes |
heart |
T3763 |
3332-3334 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3764 |
3334-3338 |
JJ |
denotes |
slow |
T3765 |
3339-3345 |
NN |
denotes |
twitch |
T3766 |
3338-3339 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T3767 |
3355-3361 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T3768 |
3346-3354 |
JJ |
denotes |
skeletal |
T3769 |
3361-3363 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3770 |
3363-3366 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T3771 |
3367-3373 |
NN |
denotes |
kidney |
T3772 |
3373-3374 |
, |
denotes |
— |
T3773 |
3374-3377 |
RB |
denotes |
all |
T3774 |
3378-3385 |
NNS |
denotes |
tissues |
T3775 |
3386-3390 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T3776 |
3391-3395 |
JJ |
denotes |
high |
T3777 |
3396-3404 |
NN |
denotes |
capacity |
T3778 |
3395-3396 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T3779 |
3419-3426 |
NNS |
denotes |
systems |
T3780 |
3405-3418 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T3781 |
3426-3427 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3782 |
3427-3567 |
sentence |
denotes |
The expression of the gene encoding PGC-1α is rapidly induced by cold exposure, short-term exercise, and fasting [2,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15]. |
T3783 |
3428-3431 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T3784 |
3432-3442 |
NN |
denotes |
expression |
T3785 |
3482-3489 |
VBN |
denotes |
induced |
T3786 |
3443-3445 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3787 |
3446-3449 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T3788 |
3450-3454 |
NN |
denotes |
gene |
T3789 |
3455-3463 |
VBG |
denotes |
encoding |
T3790 |
3464-3467 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T3791 |
3468-3470 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T3792 |
3467-3468 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T3793 |
3471-3473 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T3794 |
3474-3481 |
RB |
denotes |
rapidly |
T3795 |
3490-3492 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T3796 |
3493-3497 |
NN |
denotes |
cold |
T3797 |
3498-3506 |
NN |
denotes |
exposure |
T3798 |
3506-3508 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3799 |
3508-3513 |
JJ |
denotes |
short |
T3800 |
3514-3518 |
NN |
denotes |
term |
T3801 |
3513-3514 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T3802 |
3519-3527 |
NN |
denotes |
exercise |
T3803 |
3527-3529 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3804 |
3529-3532 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T3805 |
3533-3540 |
NN |
denotes |
fasting |
T3806 |
3541-3542 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T3807 |
3563-3565 |
CD |
denotes |
15 |
T3808 |
3542-3543 |
CD |
denotes |
2 |
T3809 |
3543-3544 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3810 |
3544-3545 |
CD |
denotes |
8 |
T3811 |
3545-3546 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3812 |
3546-3547 |
CD |
denotes |
9 |
T3813 |
3547-3548 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3814 |
3548-3550 |
CD |
denotes |
10 |
T3815 |
3550-3551 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3816 |
3551-3553 |
CD |
denotes |
11 |
T3817 |
3553-3554 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3818 |
3554-3556 |
CD |
denotes |
12 |
T3819 |
3556-3557 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3820 |
3557-3559 |
CD |
denotes |
13 |
T3821 |
3559-3560 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3822 |
3560-3562 |
CD |
denotes |
14 |
T3823 |
3562-3563 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3824 |
3565-3566 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T3825 |
3566-3567 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3826 |
3567-3674 |
sentence |
denotes |
These latter observations suggest that PGC-1α is involved in the physiologic control of energy metabolism. |
T3827 |
3568-3573 |
DT |
denotes |
These |
T3828 |
3581-3593 |
NNS |
denotes |
observations |
T3829 |
3574-3580 |
JJ |
denotes |
latter |
T3830 |
3594-3601 |
VBP |
denotes |
suggest |
T3831 |
3602-3606 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T3832 |
3617-3625 |
VBN |
denotes |
involved |
T3833 |
3607-3610 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T3834 |
3611-3613 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T3835 |
3610-3611 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T3836 |
3614-3616 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T3837 |
3626-3628 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T3838 |
3629-3632 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T3839 |
3645-3652 |
NN |
denotes |
control |
T3840 |
3633-3644 |
JJ |
denotes |
physiologic |
T3841 |
3653-3655 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3842 |
3656-3662 |
NN |
denotes |
energy |
T3843 |
3663-3673 |
NN |
denotes |
metabolism |
T3844 |
3673-3674 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3845 |
3674-3869 |
sentence |
denotes |
Several lines of evidence, based on the results of overexpression studies, indicate that PGC-1α is sufficient to promote mitochondrial biogenesis and regulate mitochondrial respiratory capacity. |
T3846 |
3675-3682 |
JJ |
denotes |
Several |
T3847 |
3683-3688 |
NNS |
denotes |
lines |
T3848 |
3750-3758 |
VBP |
denotes |
indicate |
T3849 |
3689-3691 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3850 |
3692-3700 |
NN |
denotes |
evidence |
T3851 |
3700-3702 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3852 |
3702-3707 |
VBN |
denotes |
based |
T3853 |
3708-3710 |
IN |
denotes |
on |
T3854 |
3711-3714 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T3855 |
3715-3722 |
NNS |
denotes |
results |
T3856 |
3723-3725 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3857 |
3726-3740 |
NN |
denotes |
overexpression |
T3858 |
3741-3748 |
NNS |
denotes |
studies |
T3859 |
3748-3750 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3860 |
3759-3763 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T3861 |
3771-3773 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T3862 |
3764-3767 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T3863 |
3768-3770 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T3864 |
3767-3768 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T3865 |
3774-3784 |
JJ |
denotes |
sufficient |
T3866 |
3785-3787 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T3867 |
3788-3795 |
VB |
denotes |
promote |
T3868 |
3796-3809 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T3869 |
3810-3820 |
NN |
denotes |
biogenesis |
T3870 |
3821-3824 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T3871 |
3825-3833 |
VBP |
denotes |
regulate |
T3872 |
3834-3847 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T3873 |
3860-3868 |
NN |
denotes |
capacity |
T3874 |
3848-3859 |
JJ |
denotes |
respiratory |
T3875 |
3868-3869 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3876 |
3869-4052 |
sentence |
denotes |
First, PGC-1α activates the transcription of mitochondrial uncoupling protein-1 (UCP-1) in BAT through interactions with the nuclear hormone receptors PPARγ and thyroid receptor [2]. |
T3877 |
3870-3875 |
RB |
denotes |
First |
T3878 |
3884-3893 |
VBZ |
denotes |
activates |
T3879 |
3875-3877 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3880 |
3877-3880 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T3881 |
3881-3883 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T3882 |
3880-3881 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T3883 |
3894-3897 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T3884 |
3898-3911 |
NN |
denotes |
transcription |
T3885 |
3912-3914 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3886 |
3915-3928 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T3887 |
3940-3947 |
NN |
denotes |
protein |
T3888 |
3929-3939 |
NN |
denotes |
uncoupling |
T3889 |
3947-3948 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T3890 |
3948-3949 |
CD |
denotes |
1 |
T3891 |
3950-3951 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T3892 |
3951-3954 |
NN |
denotes |
UCP |
T3893 |
3954-3955 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T3894 |
3955-3956 |
CD |
denotes |
1 |
T3895 |
3956-3957 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T3896 |
3958-3960 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T3897 |
3961-3964 |
NN |
denotes |
BAT |
T3898 |
3965-3972 |
IN |
denotes |
through |
T3899 |
3973-3985 |
NNS |
denotes |
interactions |
T3900 |
3986-3990 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T3901 |
3991-3994 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T3902 |
4011-4020 |
NNS |
denotes |
receptors |
T3903 |
3995-4002 |
JJ |
denotes |
nuclear |
T3904 |
4003-4010 |
NN |
denotes |
hormone |
T3905 |
4021-4026 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARγ |
T3906 |
4027-4030 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T3907 |
4031-4038 |
NN |
denotes |
thyroid |
T3908 |
4039-4047 |
NN |
denotes |
receptor |
T3909 |
4048-4049 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T3910 |
4049-4050 |
CD |
denotes |
2 |
T3911 |
4050-4051 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T3912 |
4051-4052 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3913 |
4052-4439 |
sentence |
denotes |
Second, forced expression studies in adipogenic and myogenic mammalian cell lines demonstrated that PGC-1α activates mitochondrial biogenesis through a group of transcription factor targets including nuclear respiratory factors 1 and 2 (NRF-1 and -2) and mitochondrial transcription factor A (Tfam), key transcriptional regulators of mitochondrial DNA transcription and replication [8]. |
T3914 |
4053-4059 |
RB |
denotes |
Second |
T3915 |
4135-4147 |
VBD |
denotes |
demonstrated |
T3916 |
4059-4061 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3917 |
4061-4067 |
VBN |
denotes |
forced |
T3918 |
4079-4086 |
NNS |
denotes |
studies |
T3919 |
4068-4078 |
NN |
denotes |
expression |
T3920 |
4087-4089 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T3921 |
4090-4100 |
JJ |
denotes |
adipogenic |
T3922 |
4129-4134 |
NNS |
denotes |
lines |
T3923 |
4101-4104 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T3924 |
4105-4113 |
JJ |
denotes |
myogenic |
T3925 |
4114-4123 |
JJ |
denotes |
mammalian |
T3926 |
4124-4128 |
NN |
denotes |
cell |
T3927 |
4148-4152 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T3928 |
4160-4169 |
VBZ |
denotes |
activates |
T3929 |
4153-4156 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T3930 |
4157-4159 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T3931 |
4156-4157 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T3932 |
4170-4183 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T3933 |
4184-4194 |
NN |
denotes |
biogenesis |
T3934 |
4195-4202 |
IN |
denotes |
through |
T3935 |
4203-4204 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T3936 |
4205-4210 |
NN |
denotes |
group |
T3937 |
4211-4213 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3938 |
4214-4227 |
NN |
denotes |
transcription |
T3939 |
4235-4242 |
NNS |
denotes |
targets |
T3940 |
4228-4234 |
NN |
denotes |
factor |
T3941 |
4243-4252 |
VBG |
denotes |
including |
T3942 |
4253-4260 |
JJ |
denotes |
nuclear |
T3943 |
4273-4280 |
NNS |
denotes |
factors |
T3944 |
4261-4272 |
JJ |
denotes |
respiratory |
T3945 |
4281-4282 |
CD |
denotes |
1 |
T3946 |
4283-4286 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T3947 |
4287-4288 |
CD |
denotes |
2 |
T3948 |
4289-4290 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T3949 |
4290-4293 |
NN |
denotes |
NRF |
T3950 |
4294-4295 |
CD |
denotes |
1 |
T3951 |
4293-4294 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T3952 |
4296-4299 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T3953 |
4300-4301 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T3954 |
4301-4302 |
CD |
denotes |
2 |
T3955 |
4302-4303 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T3956 |
4304-4307 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T3957 |
4308-4321 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T3958 |
4343-4344 |
NN |
denotes |
A |
T3959 |
4322-4335 |
NN |
denotes |
transcription |
T3960 |
4336-4342 |
NN |
denotes |
factor |
T3961 |
4345-4346 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T3962 |
4346-4350 |
NN |
denotes |
Tfam |
T3963 |
4350-4351 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T3964 |
4351-4353 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3965 |
4353-4356 |
JJ |
denotes |
key |
T3966 |
4373-4383 |
NNS |
denotes |
regulators |
T3967 |
4357-4372 |
JJ |
denotes |
transcriptional |
T3968 |
4384-4386 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3969 |
4387-4400 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T3970 |
4405-4418 |
NN |
denotes |
transcription |
T3971 |
4401-4404 |
NN |
denotes |
DNA |
T3972 |
4419-4422 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T3973 |
4423-4434 |
NN |
denotes |
replication |
T3974 |
4435-4436 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T3975 |
4436-4437 |
CD |
denotes |
8 |
T3976 |
4437-4438 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T3977 |
4438-4439 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3978 |
4439-4621 |
sentence |
denotes |
Third, studies in primary cardiac myocytes in culture and in the hearts of transgenic mice have demonstrated that overexpression of PGC-1α promotes mitochondrial biogenesis [10,16]. |
T3979 |
4440-4445 |
RB |
denotes |
Third |
T3980 |
4536-4548 |
VBN |
denotes |
demonstrated |
T3981 |
4445-4447 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3982 |
4447-4454 |
NNS |
denotes |
studies |
T3983 |
4455-4457 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T3984 |
4458-4465 |
JJ |
denotes |
primary |
T3985 |
4474-4482 |
NNS |
denotes |
myocytes |
T3986 |
4466-4473 |
JJ |
denotes |
cardiac |
T3987 |
4483-4485 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T3988 |
4486-4493 |
NN |
denotes |
culture |
T3989 |
4494-4497 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T3990 |
4498-4500 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T3991 |
4501-4504 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T3992 |
4505-4511 |
NNS |
denotes |
hearts |
T3993 |
4512-4514 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3994 |
4515-4525 |
JJ |
denotes |
transgenic |
T3995 |
4526-4530 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T3996 |
4531-4535 |
VBP |
denotes |
have |
T3997 |
4549-4553 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T3998 |
4579-4587 |
VBZ |
denotes |
promotes |
T3999 |
4554-4568 |
NN |
denotes |
overexpression |
T4000 |
4569-4571 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T4001 |
4572-4575 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T4002 |
4576-4578 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T4003 |
4575-4576 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T4004 |
4588-4601 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T4005 |
4602-4612 |
NN |
denotes |
biogenesis |
T4006 |
4613-4614 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T4007 |
4617-4619 |
CD |
denotes |
16 |
T4008 |
4614-4616 |
CD |
denotes |
10 |
T4009 |
4616-4617 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4010 |
4619-4620 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T4011 |
4620-4621 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4012 |
4621-4826 |
sentence |
denotes |
Lastly, forced expression of PGC-1α in skeletal muscle of transgenic mice triggers mitochondrial proliferation and the formation of mitochondrial-rich type I, oxidative (“slow-twitch”) muscle fibers [17]. |
T4013 |
4622-4628 |
RB |
denotes |
Lastly |
T4014 |
4696-4704 |
VBZ |
denotes |
triggers |
T4015 |
4628-4630 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4016 |
4630-4636 |
VBN |
denotes |
forced |
T4017 |
4637-4647 |
NN |
denotes |
expression |
T4018 |
4648-4650 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T4019 |
4651-4654 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T4020 |
4655-4657 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T4021 |
4654-4655 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T4022 |
4658-4660 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T4023 |
4661-4669 |
JJ |
denotes |
skeletal |
T4024 |
4670-4676 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T4025 |
4677-4679 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T4026 |
4680-4690 |
JJ |
denotes |
transgenic |
T4027 |
4691-4695 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T4028 |
4705-4718 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T4029 |
4719-4732 |
NN |
denotes |
proliferation |
T4030 |
4733-4736 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T4031 |
4737-4740 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T4032 |
4741-4750 |
NN |
denotes |
formation |
T4033 |
4751-4753 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T4034 |
4754-4767 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T4035 |
4768-4772 |
JJ |
denotes |
rich |
T4036 |
4767-4768 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T4037 |
4814-4820 |
NNS |
denotes |
fibers |
T4038 |
4773-4777 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T4039 |
4778-4779 |
CD |
denotes |
I |
T4040 |
4779-4781 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4041 |
4781-4790 |
JJ |
denotes |
oxidative |
T4042 |
4791-4792 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T4043 |
4792-4793 |
`` |
denotes |
“ |
T4044 |
4793-4797 |
JJ |
denotes |
slow |
T4045 |
4798-4804 |
NN |
denotes |
twitch |
T4046 |
4797-4798 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T4047 |
4804-4805 |
'' |
denotes |
” |
T4048 |
4805-4806 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T4049 |
4807-4813 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T4050 |
4821-4822 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T4051 |
4822-4824 |
CD |
denotes |
17 |
T4052 |
4824-4825 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T4053 |
4825-4826 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4054 |
4826-4924 |
sentence |
denotes |
Collectively, these results indicate that PGC-1α is sufficient to drive mitochondrial biogenesis. |
T4055 |
4827-4839 |
RB |
denotes |
Collectively |
T4056 |
4855-4863 |
VBP |
denotes |
indicate |
T4057 |
4839-4841 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4058 |
4841-4846 |
DT |
denotes |
these |
T4059 |
4847-4854 |
NNS |
denotes |
results |
T4060 |
4864-4868 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T4061 |
4876-4878 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T4062 |
4869-4872 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T4063 |
4873-4875 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T4064 |
4872-4873 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T4065 |
4879-4889 |
JJ |
denotes |
sufficient |
T4066 |
4890-4892 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T4067 |
4893-4898 |
VB |
denotes |
drive |
T4068 |
4899-4912 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T4069 |
4913-4923 |
NN |
denotes |
biogenesis |
T4070 |
4923-4924 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4071 |
4924-5021 |
sentence |
denotes |
Recent evidence also implicates PGC-1α in the homeostatic control of systemic energy metabolism. |
T4072 |
4925-4931 |
JJ |
denotes |
Recent |
T4073 |
4932-4940 |
NN |
denotes |
evidence |
T4074 |
4946-4956 |
VBZ |
denotes |
implicates |
T4075 |
4941-4945 |
RB |
denotes |
also |
T4076 |
4957-4960 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T4077 |
4961-4963 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T4078 |
4960-4961 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T4079 |
4964-4966 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T4080 |
4967-4970 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T4081 |
4983-4990 |
NN |
denotes |
control |
T4082 |
4971-4982 |
JJ |
denotes |
homeostatic |
T4083 |
4991-4993 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T4084 |
4994-5002 |
JJ |
denotes |
systemic |
T4085 |
5010-5020 |
NN |
denotes |
metabolism |
T4086 |
5003-5009 |
NN |
denotes |
energy |
T4087 |
5020-5021 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4088 |
5021-5110 |
sentence |
denotes |
PGC-1α has been shown to regulate several key hepatic gluconeogenic genes [18,19,20,21]. |
T4089 |
5022-5025 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T4090 |
5026-5028 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T4091 |
5025-5026 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T4092 |
5038-5043 |
VBN |
denotes |
shown |
T4093 |
5029-5032 |
VBZ |
denotes |
has |
T4094 |
5033-5037 |
VBN |
denotes |
been |
T4095 |
5044-5046 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T4096 |
5047-5055 |
VB |
denotes |
regulate |
T4097 |
5056-5063 |
JJ |
denotes |
several |
T4098 |
5090-5095 |
NNS |
denotes |
genes |
T4099 |
5064-5067 |
JJ |
denotes |
key |
T4100 |
5068-5075 |
JJ |
denotes |
hepatic |
T4101 |
5076-5089 |
JJ |
denotes |
gluconeogenic |
T4102 |
5096-5097 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T4103 |
5106-5108 |
CD |
denotes |
21 |
T4104 |
5097-5099 |
CD |
denotes |
18 |
T4105 |
5099-5100 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4106 |
5100-5102 |
CD |
denotes |
19 |
T4107 |
5102-5103 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4108 |
5103-5105 |
CD |
denotes |
20 |
T4109 |
5105-5106 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4110 |
5108-5109 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T4111 |
5109-5110 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4112 |
5110-5293 |
sentence |
denotes |
Recent studies have also shown altered expression of PGC-1α and downstream mitochondrial target pathways in skeletal muscle of humans with insulin resistance and diabetes [22,23,24]. |
T4113 |
5111-5117 |
JJ |
denotes |
Recent |
T4114 |
5118-5125 |
NNS |
denotes |
studies |
T4115 |
5136-5141 |
VBN |
denotes |
shown |
T4116 |
5126-5130 |
VBP |
denotes |
have |
T4117 |
5131-5135 |
RB |
denotes |
also |
T4118 |
5142-5149 |
VBN |
denotes |
altered |
T4119 |
5150-5160 |
NN |
denotes |
expression |
T4120 |
5161-5163 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T4121 |
5164-5167 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T4122 |
5168-5170 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T4123 |
5167-5168 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T4124 |
5207-5215 |
NNS |
denotes |
pathways |
T4125 |
5171-5174 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T4126 |
5175-5185 |
JJ |
denotes |
downstream |
T4127 |
5186-5199 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T4128 |
5200-5206 |
NN |
denotes |
target |
T4129 |
5216-5218 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T4130 |
5219-5227 |
JJ |
denotes |
skeletal |
T4131 |
5228-5234 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T4132 |
5235-5237 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T4133 |
5238-5244 |
NNS |
denotes |
humans |
T4134 |
5245-5249 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T4135 |
5250-5257 |
NN |
denotes |
insulin |
T4136 |
5258-5268 |
NN |
denotes |
resistance |
T4137 |
5269-5272 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T4138 |
5273-5281 |
NN |
denotes |
diabetes |
T4139 |
5282-5283 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T4140 |
5289-5291 |
CD |
denotes |
24 |
T4141 |
5283-5285 |
CD |
denotes |
22 |
T4142 |
5285-5286 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4143 |
5286-5288 |
CD |
denotes |
23 |
T4144 |
5288-5289 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4145 |
5291-5292 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T4146 |
5292-5293 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4147 |
5293-5462 |
sentence |
denotes |
In addition, single nucleotide polymorphisms within the human PGC-1α gene have been shown to be associated with obesity, hypertension, and diabetes [25,26,27,28,29,30]. |
T4148 |
5294-5296 |
IN |
denotes |
In |
T4149 |
5378-5383 |
VBN |
denotes |
shown |
T4150 |
5297-5305 |
NN |
denotes |
addition |
T4151 |
5305-5307 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4152 |
5307-5313 |
JJ |
denotes |
single |
T4153 |
5314-5324 |
NN |
denotes |
nucleotide |
T4154 |
5325-5338 |
NNS |
denotes |
polymorphisms |
T4155 |
5339-5345 |
IN |
denotes |
within |
T4156 |
5346-5349 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T4157 |
5363-5367 |
NN |
denotes |
gene |
T4158 |
5350-5355 |
JJ |
denotes |
human |
T4159 |
5356-5359 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T4160 |
5360-5362 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T4161 |
5359-5360 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T4162 |
5368-5372 |
VBP |
denotes |
have |
T4163 |
5373-5377 |
VBN |
denotes |
been |
T4164 |
5384-5386 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T4165 |
5390-5400 |
VBN |
denotes |
associated |
T4166 |
5387-5389 |
VB |
denotes |
be |
T4167 |
5401-5405 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T4168 |
5406-5413 |
NN |
denotes |
obesity |
T4169 |
5413-5415 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4170 |
5415-5427 |
NN |
denotes |
hypertension |
T4171 |
5427-5429 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4172 |
5429-5432 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T4173 |
5433-5441 |
NN |
denotes |
diabetes |
T4174 |
5442-5443 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T4175 |
5458-5460 |
CD |
denotes |
30 |
T4176 |
5443-5445 |
CD |
denotes |
25 |
T4177 |
5445-5446 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4178 |
5446-5448 |
CD |
denotes |
26 |
T4179 |
5448-5449 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4180 |
5449-5451 |
CD |
denotes |
27 |
T4181 |
5451-5452 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4182 |
5452-5454 |
CD |
denotes |
28 |
T4183 |
5454-5455 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4184 |
5455-5457 |
CD |
denotes |
29 |
T4185 |
5457-5458 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4186 |
5460-5461 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T4187 |
5461-5462 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4188 |
5462-5603 |
sentence |
denotes |
The gain-of-function studies described to date provide compelling evidence that PGC-1α is capable of regulating postnatal energy metabolism. |
T4189 |
5463-5466 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T4190 |
5484-5491 |
NNS |
denotes |
studies |
T4191 |
5467-5471 |
NN |
denotes |
gain |
T4192 |
5471-5472 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T4193 |
5472-5474 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T4194 |
5474-5475 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T4195 |
5475-5483 |
NN |
denotes |
function |
T4196 |
5510-5517 |
VBP |
denotes |
provide |
T4197 |
5492-5501 |
VBN |
denotes |
described |
T4198 |
5502-5504 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T4199 |
5505-5509 |
NN |
denotes |
date |
T4200 |
5518-5528 |
JJ |
denotes |
compelling |
T4201 |
5529-5537 |
NN |
denotes |
evidence |
T4202 |
5538-5542 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T4203 |
5550-5552 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T4204 |
5543-5546 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T4205 |
5547-5549 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T4206 |
5546-5547 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T4207 |
5553-5560 |
JJ |
denotes |
capable |
T4208 |
5561-5563 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T4209 |
5564-5574 |
VBG |
denotes |
regulating |
T4210 |
5575-5584 |
JJ |
denotes |
postnatal |
T4211 |
5592-5602 |
NN |
denotes |
metabolism |
T4212 |
5585-5591 |
NN |
denotes |
energy |
T4213 |
5602-5603 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4214 |
5603-5777 |
sentence |
denotes |
However, the necessity of PGC-1α for energy metabolic homeostasis, mitochondrial biogenesis, development, and growth can only be addressed using loss-of-function strategies. |
T4215 |
5604-5611 |
RB |
denotes |
However |
T4216 |
5733-5742 |
VBN |
denotes |
addressed |
T4217 |
5611-5613 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4218 |
5613-5616 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T4219 |
5617-5626 |
NN |
denotes |
necessity |
T4220 |
5627-5629 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T4221 |
5630-5633 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T4222 |
5634-5636 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T4223 |
5633-5634 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T4224 |
5637-5640 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T4225 |
5641-5647 |
NN |
denotes |
energy |
T4226 |
5658-5669 |
NN |
denotes |
homeostasis |
T4227 |
5648-5657 |
JJ |
denotes |
metabolic |
T4228 |
5669-5671 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4229 |
5671-5684 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T4230 |
5685-5695 |
NN |
denotes |
biogenesis |
T4231 |
5695-5697 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4232 |
5697-5708 |
NN |
denotes |
development |
T4233 |
5708-5710 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4234 |
5710-5713 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T4235 |
5714-5720 |
NN |
denotes |
growth |
T4236 |
5721-5724 |
MD |
denotes |
can |
T4237 |
5725-5729 |
RB |
denotes |
only |
T4238 |
5730-5732 |
VB |
denotes |
be |
T4239 |
5743-5748 |
VBG |
denotes |
using |
T4240 |
5749-5753 |
NN |
denotes |
loss |
T4241 |
5766-5776 |
NNS |
denotes |
strategies |
T4242 |
5753-5754 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T4243 |
5754-5756 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T4244 |
5756-5757 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T4245 |
5757-5765 |
NN |
denotes |
function |
T4246 |
5776-5777 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4247 |
5777-5876 |
sentence |
denotes |
To this end, we have established and characterized mice with targeted deletion of the PGC-1α gene. |
T4248 |
5778-5780 |
IN |
denotes |
To |
T4249 |
5799-5810 |
VBN |
denotes |
established |
T4250 |
5781-5785 |
DT |
denotes |
this |
T4251 |
5786-5789 |
NN |
denotes |
end |
T4252 |
5789-5791 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4253 |
5791-5793 |
PRP |
denotes |
we |
T4254 |
5794-5798 |
VBP |
denotes |
have |
T4255 |
5811-5814 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T4256 |
5815-5828 |
VBN |
denotes |
characterized |
T4257 |
5829-5833 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T4258 |
5834-5838 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T4259 |
5839-5847 |
VBN |
denotes |
targeted |
T4260 |
5848-5856 |
NN |
denotes |
deletion |
T4261 |
5857-5859 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T4262 |
5860-5863 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T4263 |
5871-5875 |
NN |
denotes |
gene |
T4264 |
5864-5867 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T4265 |
5868-5870 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T4266 |
5867-5868 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T4267 |
5875-5876 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4268 |
5876-6016 |
sentence |
denotes |
Our studies of PGC-1α−/− mice demonstrate that PGC-1α is not absolutely required for prenatal viability including mitochondrial biogenesis. |
T4269 |
5877-5880 |
PRP$ |
denotes |
Our |
T4270 |
5881-5888 |
NNS |
denotes |
studies |
T4271 |
5907-5918 |
VBP |
denotes |
demonstrate |
T4272 |
5889-5891 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T4273 |
5892-5895 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T4274 |
5896-5898 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T4275 |
5895-5896 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T4276 |
5902-5906 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T4277 |
5898-5899 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T4278 |
5899-5900 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T4279 |
5900-5901 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T4280 |
5919-5923 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T4281 |
5949-5957 |
VBN |
denotes |
required |
T4282 |
5924-5927 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T4283 |
5928-5930 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T4284 |
5927-5928 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T4285 |
5931-5933 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T4286 |
5934-5937 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T4287 |
5938-5948 |
RB |
denotes |
absolutely |
T4288 |
5958-5961 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T4289 |
5962-5970 |
JJ |
denotes |
prenatal |
T4290 |
5971-5980 |
NN |
denotes |
viability |
T4291 |
5981-5990 |
VBG |
denotes |
including |
T4292 |
5991-6004 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T4293 |
6005-6015 |
NN |
denotes |
biogenesis |
T4294 |
6015-6016 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4295 |
6016-6226 |
sentence |
denotes |
However, our findings indicate that the coactivator PGC-1α serves a critical role in the normal metabolic function of multiple organs and for appropriate adaptation to physiologic stress during postnatal life. |
T4296 |
6017-6024 |
RB |
denotes |
However |
T4297 |
6039-6047 |
VBP |
denotes |
indicate |
T4298 |
6024-6026 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4299 |
6026-6029 |
PRP$ |
denotes |
our |
T4300 |
6030-6038 |
NNS |
denotes |
findings |
T4301 |
6048-6052 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T4302 |
6076-6082 |
VBZ |
denotes |
serves |
T4303 |
6053-6056 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T4304 |
6057-6068 |
NN |
denotes |
coactivator |
T4305 |
6069-6072 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T4306 |
6073-6075 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T4307 |
6072-6073 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T4308 |
6083-6084 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T4309 |
6094-6098 |
NN |
denotes |
role |
T4310 |
6085-6093 |
JJ |
denotes |
critical |
T4311 |
6099-6101 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T4312 |
6102-6105 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T4313 |
6123-6131 |
NN |
denotes |
function |
T4314 |
6106-6112 |
JJ |
denotes |
normal |
T4315 |
6113-6122 |
JJ |
denotes |
metabolic |
T4316 |
6132-6134 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T4317 |
6135-6143 |
JJ |
denotes |
multiple |
T4318 |
6144-6150 |
NNS |
denotes |
organs |
T4319 |
6151-6154 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T4320 |
6155-6158 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T4321 |
6159-6170 |
JJ |
denotes |
appropriate |
T4322 |
6171-6181 |
NN |
denotes |
adaptation |
T4323 |
6182-6184 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T4324 |
6185-6196 |
JJ |
denotes |
physiologic |
T4325 |
6197-6203 |
NN |
denotes |
stress |
T4326 |
6204-6210 |
IN |
denotes |
during |
T4327 |
6211-6220 |
JJ |
denotes |
postnatal |
T4328 |
6221-6225 |
NN |
denotes |
life |
T4329 |
6225-6226 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T5681 |
6237-6247 |
NN |
denotes |
Disruption |
T5682 |
6248-6250 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T5683 |
6251-6254 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T5684 |
6262-6266 |
NN |
denotes |
Gene |
T5685 |
6255-6258 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T5686 |
6259-6261 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T5687 |
6258-6259 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T5688 |
6267-6269 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T5689 |
6270-6274 |
NNS |
denotes |
Mice |
T5690 |
6274-6378 |
sentence |
denotes |
A neomycin-based gene targeting vector was generated to delete exons 4 and 5 of the murine PGC-1α gene. |
T5691 |
6275-6276 |
DT |
denotes |
A |
T5692 |
6307-6313 |
NN |
denotes |
vector |
T5693 |
6277-6285 |
NN |
denotes |
neomycin |
T5694 |
6286-6291 |
VBN |
denotes |
based |
T5695 |
6285-6286 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T5696 |
6292-6296 |
NN |
denotes |
gene |
T5697 |
6297-6306 |
NN |
denotes |
targeting |
T5698 |
6318-6327 |
VBN |
denotes |
generated |
T5699 |
6314-6317 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T5700 |
6328-6330 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T5701 |
6331-6337 |
VB |
denotes |
delete |
T5702 |
6338-6343 |
NNS |
denotes |
exons |
T5703 |
6344-6345 |
CD |
denotes |
4 |
T5704 |
6346-6349 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T5705 |
6350-6351 |
CD |
denotes |
5 |
T5706 |
6352-6354 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T5707 |
6355-6358 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T5708 |
6373-6377 |
NN |
denotes |
gene |
T5709 |
6359-6365 |
JJ |
denotes |
murine |
T5710 |
6366-6369 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T5711 |
6370-6372 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T5712 |
6369-6370 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T5713 |
6377-6378 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T5714 |
6378-6502 |
sentence |
denotes |
The targeting event resulted in a 3′ homologous recombination with insertion of the remainder of the construct (Figure 1A). |
T5715 |
6379-6382 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T5716 |
6393-6398 |
NN |
denotes |
event |
T5717 |
6383-6392 |
NN |
denotes |
targeting |
T5718 |
6399-6407 |
VBD |
denotes |
resulted |
T5719 |
6408-6410 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T5720 |
6411-6412 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T5721 |
6427-6440 |
NN |
denotes |
recombination |
T5722 |
6413-6414 |
CD |
denotes |
3 |
T5723 |
6414-6415 |
SYM |
denotes |
′ |
T5724 |
6416-6426 |
JJ |
denotes |
homologous |
T5725 |
6441-6445 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T5726 |
6446-6455 |
NN |
denotes |
insertion |
T5727 |
6456-6458 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T5728 |
6459-6462 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T5729 |
6463-6472 |
NN |
denotes |
remainder |
T5730 |
6473-6475 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T5731 |
6476-6479 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T5732 |
6480-6489 |
NN |
denotes |
construct |
T5733 |
6490-6491 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T5734 |
6498-6500 |
NN |
denotes |
1A |
T5735 |
6491-6497 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T5736 |
6500-6501 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T5737 |
6501-6502 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T5738 |
6502-6591 |
sentence |
denotes |
The insertion/recombination event was confirmed by Southern blotting and DNA sequencing. |
T5739 |
6503-6506 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T5740 |
6531-6536 |
NN |
denotes |
event |
T5741 |
6507-6516 |
NN |
denotes |
insertion |
T5742 |
6517-6530 |
NN |
denotes |
recombination |
T5743 |
6516-6517 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T5744 |
6541-6550 |
VBN |
denotes |
confirmed |
T5745 |
6537-6540 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T5746 |
6551-6553 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T5747 |
6554-6562 |
NNP |
denotes |
Southern |
T5748 |
6563-6571 |
NN |
denotes |
blotting |
T5749 |
6572-6575 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T5750 |
6576-6579 |
NN |
denotes |
DNA |
T5751 |
6580-6590 |
NN |
denotes |
sequencing |
T5752 |
6590-6591 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T5753 |
6591-6752 |
sentence |
denotes |
The insertion caused an exon 3 duplication between exons 5 and 6 that creates a coding region frameshift resulting in a premature termination at amino acid 255. |
T5754 |
6592-6595 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T5755 |
6596-6605 |
NN |
denotes |
insertion |
T5756 |
6606-6612 |
VBD |
denotes |
caused |
T5757 |
6613-6615 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T5758 |
6623-6634 |
NN |
denotes |
duplication |
T5759 |
6616-6620 |
NN |
denotes |
exon |
T5760 |
6621-6622 |
CD |
denotes |
3 |
T5761 |
6635-6642 |
IN |
denotes |
between |
T5762 |
6643-6648 |
NNS |
denotes |
exons |
T5763 |
6649-6650 |
CD |
denotes |
5 |
T5764 |
6651-6654 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T5765 |
6655-6656 |
CD |
denotes |
6 |
T5766 |
6657-6661 |
WDT |
denotes |
that |
T5767 |
6662-6669 |
VBZ |
denotes |
creates |
T5768 |
6670-6671 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T5769 |
6686-6696 |
NN |
denotes |
frameshift |
T5770 |
6672-6678 |
VBG |
denotes |
coding |
T5771 |
6679-6685 |
NN |
denotes |
region |
T5772 |
6697-6706 |
VBG |
denotes |
resulting |
T5773 |
6707-6709 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T5774 |
6710-6711 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T5775 |
6722-6733 |
NN |
denotes |
termination |
T5776 |
6712-6721 |
JJ |
denotes |
premature |
T5777 |
6734-6736 |
IN |
denotes |
at |
T5778 |
6737-6742 |
NN |
denotes |
amino |
T5779 |
6743-6747 |
NN |
denotes |
acid |
T5780 |
6748-6751 |
CD |
denotes |
255 |
T5781 |
6751-6752 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T5782 |
6752-6873 |
sentence |
denotes |
Germline transmission of the mutant allele was confirmed using Southern blotting (Figure 1B) and PCR (unpublished data). |
T5783 |
6753-6761 |
NN |
denotes |
Germline |
T5784 |
6762-6774 |
NN |
denotes |
transmission |
T5785 |
6800-6809 |
VBN |
denotes |
confirmed |
T5786 |
6775-6777 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T5787 |
6778-6781 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T5788 |
6789-6795 |
NN |
denotes |
allele |
T5789 |
6782-6788 |
NN |
denotes |
mutant |
T5790 |
6796-6799 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T5791 |
6810-6815 |
VBG |
denotes |
using |
T5792 |
6816-6824 |
NNP |
denotes |
Southern |
T5793 |
6825-6833 |
NN |
denotes |
blotting |
T5794 |
6834-6835 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T5795 |
6842-6844 |
NN |
denotes |
1B |
T5796 |
6835-6841 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T5797 |
6844-6845 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T5798 |
6846-6849 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T5799 |
6850-6853 |
NN |
denotes |
PCR |
T5800 |
6854-6855 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T5801 |
6867-6871 |
NNS |
denotes |
data |
T5802 |
6855-6866 |
JJ |
denotes |
unpublished |
T5803 |
6871-6872 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T5804 |
6872-6873 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T5805 |
6873-7062 |
sentence |
denotes |
The PGC-1α gene disruption resulted in an unstable transcript that could not be detected by RNA blot analysis in heart and other tissues in PGC-1α−/− mice (Figure 1C and unpublished data). |
T5806 |
6874-6877 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T5807 |
6890-6900 |
NN |
denotes |
disruption |
T5808 |
6878-6881 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T5809 |
6882-6884 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T5810 |
6881-6882 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T5811 |
6885-6889 |
NN |
denotes |
gene |
T5812 |
6901-6909 |
VBD |
denotes |
resulted |
T5813 |
6910-6912 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T5814 |
6913-6915 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T5815 |
6925-6935 |
NN |
denotes |
transcript |
T5816 |
6916-6924 |
JJ |
denotes |
unstable |
T5817 |
6936-6940 |
WDT |
denotes |
that |
T5818 |
6954-6962 |
VBN |
denotes |
detected |
T5819 |
6941-6946 |
MD |
denotes |
could |
T5820 |
6947-6950 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T5821 |
6951-6953 |
VB |
denotes |
be |
T5822 |
6963-6965 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T5823 |
6966-6969 |
NN |
denotes |
RNA |
T5824 |
6975-6983 |
NN |
denotes |
analysis |
T5825 |
6970-6974 |
NN |
denotes |
blot |
T5826 |
6984-6986 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T5827 |
6987-6992 |
NN |
denotes |
heart |
T5828 |
6993-6996 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T5829 |
6997-7002 |
JJ |
denotes |
other |
T5830 |
7003-7010 |
NNS |
denotes |
tissues |
T5831 |
7011-7013 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T5832 |
7014-7017 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T5833 |
7018-7020 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T5834 |
7017-7018 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T5835 |
7024-7028 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T5836 |
7020-7021 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T5837 |
7021-7022 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T5838 |
7022-7023 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T5839 |
7029-7030 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T5840 |
7037-7039 |
NN |
denotes |
1C |
T5841 |
7030-7036 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T5842 |
7040-7043 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T5843 |
7044-7055 |
JJ |
denotes |
unpublished |
T5844 |
7056-7060 |
NNS |
denotes |
data |
T5845 |
7060-7061 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T5846 |
7061-7062 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T5847 |
7062-7151 |
sentence |
denotes |
Quantitative RT-PCR was utilized to further evaluate the efficacy of the gene targeting. |
T5848 |
7063-7075 |
JJ |
denotes |
Quantitative |
T5849 |
7079-7082 |
NN |
denotes |
PCR |
T5850 |
7076-7078 |
NN |
denotes |
RT |
T5851 |
7078-7079 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T5852 |
7087-7095 |
VBN |
denotes |
utilized |
T5853 |
7083-7086 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T5854 |
7096-7098 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T5855 |
7107-7115 |
VB |
denotes |
evaluate |
T5856 |
7099-7106 |
RB |
denotes |
further |
T5857 |
7116-7119 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T5858 |
7120-7128 |
NN |
denotes |
efficacy |
T5859 |
7129-7131 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T5860 |
7132-7135 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T5861 |
7141-7150 |
NN |
denotes |
targeting |
T5862 |
7136-7140 |
NN |
denotes |
gene |
T5863 |
7150-7151 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T5864 |
7151-7397 |
sentence |
denotes |
For these studies, PCR primers were designed to amplify a region of the PGC-1α gene transcript containing the exon 5–6 border (predicted to be absent in PGC-1α−/− mice) or the exon 5–3 border (predicted to be present only in the PGC-1α−/− mice). |
T5865 |
7152-7155 |
IN |
denotes |
For |
T5866 |
7188-7196 |
VBN |
denotes |
designed |
T5867 |
7156-7161 |
DT |
denotes |
these |
T5868 |
7162-7169 |
NNS |
denotes |
studies |
T5869 |
7169-7171 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T5870 |
7171-7174 |
NN |
denotes |
PCR |
T5871 |
7175-7182 |
NNS |
denotes |
primers |
T5872 |
7183-7187 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T5873 |
7197-7199 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T5874 |
7200-7207 |
VB |
denotes |
amplify |
T5875 |
7208-7209 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T5876 |
7210-7216 |
NN |
denotes |
region |
T5877 |
7217-7219 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T5878 |
7220-7223 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T5879 |
7236-7246 |
NN |
denotes |
transcript |
T5880 |
7224-7227 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T5881 |
7228-7230 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T5882 |
7227-7228 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T5883 |
7231-7235 |
NN |
denotes |
gene |
T5884 |
7247-7257 |
VBG |
denotes |
containing |
T5885 |
7258-7261 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T5886 |
7271-7277 |
NN |
denotes |
border |
T5887 |
7262-7266 |
NN |
denotes |
exon |
T5888 |
7267-7268 |
CD |
denotes |
5 |
T5889 |
7268-7269 |
SYM |
denotes |
– |
T5890 |
7269-7270 |
CD |
denotes |
6 |
T5891 |
7278-7279 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T5892 |
7279-7288 |
VBN |
denotes |
predicted |
T5893 |
7289-7291 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T5894 |
7292-7294 |
VB |
denotes |
be |
T5895 |
7295-7301 |
JJ |
denotes |
absent |
T5896 |
7302-7304 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T5897 |
7305-7308 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T5898 |
7309-7311 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T5899 |
7308-7309 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T5900 |
7315-7319 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T5901 |
7311-7312 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T5902 |
7312-7313 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T5903 |
7313-7314 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T5904 |
7319-7320 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T5905 |
7321-7323 |
CC |
denotes |
or |
T5906 |
7324-7327 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T5907 |
7337-7343 |
NN |
denotes |
border |
T5908 |
7328-7332 |
NN |
denotes |
exon |
T5909 |
7333-7334 |
CD |
denotes |
5 |
T5910 |
7334-7335 |
SYM |
denotes |
– |
T5911 |
7335-7336 |
CD |
denotes |
3 |
T5912 |
7344-7345 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T5913 |
7345-7354 |
VBN |
denotes |
predicted |
T5914 |
7355-7357 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T5915 |
7358-7360 |
VB |
denotes |
be |
T5916 |
7361-7368 |
JJ |
denotes |
present |
T5917 |
7369-7373 |
RB |
denotes |
only |
T5918 |
7374-7376 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T5919 |
7377-7380 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T5920 |
7391-7395 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T5921 |
7381-7384 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T5922 |
7385-7387 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T5923 |
7384-7385 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T5924 |
7387-7388 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T5925 |
7388-7389 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T5926 |
7389-7390 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T5927 |
7395-7396 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T5928 |
7396-7397 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T5929 |
7397-7503 |
sentence |
denotes |
The exon 5–6 amplicon was detected in heart and BAT of wild-type (WT) but not PGC-1α−/− mice (Figure 1D). |
T5930 |
7398-7401 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T5931 |
7411-7419 |
NN |
denotes |
amplicon |
T5932 |
7402-7406 |
NN |
denotes |
exon |
T5933 |
7407-7408 |
CD |
denotes |
5 |
T5934 |
7408-7409 |
SYM |
denotes |
– |
T5935 |
7409-7410 |
CD |
denotes |
6 |
T5936 |
7424-7432 |
VBN |
denotes |
detected |
T5937 |
7420-7423 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T5938 |
7433-7435 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T5939 |
7436-7441 |
NN |
denotes |
heart |
T5940 |
7442-7445 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T5941 |
7446-7449 |
NN |
denotes |
BAT |
T5942 |
7450-7452 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T5943 |
7453-7457 |
JJ |
denotes |
wild |
T5944 |
7458-7462 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T5945 |
7457-7458 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T5946 |
7486-7490 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T5947 |
7463-7464 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T5948 |
7464-7466 |
NN |
denotes |
WT |
T5949 |
7466-7467 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T5950 |
7468-7471 |
CC |
denotes |
but |
T5951 |
7472-7475 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T5952 |
7476-7479 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T5953 |
7480-7482 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T5954 |
7479-7480 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T5955 |
7482-7483 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T5956 |
7483-7484 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T5957 |
7484-7485 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T5958 |
7491-7492 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T5959 |
7499-7501 |
NN |
denotes |
1D |
T5960 |
7492-7498 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T5961 |
7501-7502 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T5962 |
7502-7503 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T5963 |
7503-7584 |
sentence |
denotes |
Conversely, the exon 5–3 product was present only in PGC-1α−/− mice (Figure 1D). |
T5964 |
7504-7514 |
RB |
denotes |
Conversely |
T5965 |
7537-7540 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T5966 |
7514-7516 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T5967 |
7516-7519 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T5968 |
7529-7536 |
NN |
denotes |
product |
T5969 |
7520-7524 |
NN |
denotes |
exon |
T5970 |
7525-7526 |
CD |
denotes |
5 |
T5971 |
7526-7527 |
SYM |
denotes |
– |
T5972 |
7527-7528 |
CD |
denotes |
3 |
T5973 |
7541-7548 |
JJ |
denotes |
present |
T5974 |
7549-7553 |
RB |
denotes |
only |
T5975 |
7554-7556 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T5976 |
7557-7560 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T5977 |
7561-7563 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T5978 |
7560-7561 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T5979 |
7567-7571 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T5980 |
7563-7564 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T5981 |
7564-7565 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T5982 |
7565-7566 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T5983 |
7572-7573 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T5984 |
7580-7582 |
NN |
denotes |
1D |
T5985 |
7573-7579 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T5986 |
7582-7583 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T5987 |
7583-7584 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T5988 |
7584-7798 |
sentence |
denotes |
An exon 10–11 border amplicon (predicted to be present in both genotypes) was detected in WT and PGC-1α−/− mice, but was greatly diminished in the PGC-1α−/− mice, indicating that the mutant transcript is unstable. |
T5989 |
7585-7587 |
DT |
denotes |
An |
T5990 |
7606-7614 |
NN |
denotes |
amplicon |
T5991 |
7588-7592 |
NN |
denotes |
exon |
T5992 |
7593-7595 |
CD |
denotes |
10 |
T5993 |
7595-7596 |
SYM |
denotes |
– |
T5994 |
7596-7598 |
CD |
denotes |
11 |
T5995 |
7599-7605 |
NN |
denotes |
border |
T5996 |
7663-7671 |
VBN |
denotes |
detected |
T5997 |
7615-7616 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T5998 |
7616-7625 |
VBN |
denotes |
predicted |
T5999 |
7626-7628 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T6000 |
7629-7631 |
VB |
denotes |
be |
T6001 |
7632-7639 |
JJ |
denotes |
present |
T6002 |
7640-7642 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T6003 |
7643-7647 |
DT |
denotes |
both |
T6004 |
7648-7657 |
NNS |
denotes |
genotypes |
T6005 |
7657-7658 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T6006 |
7659-7662 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T6007 |
7672-7674 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T6008 |
7675-7677 |
NN |
denotes |
WT |
T6009 |
7692-7696 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T6010 |
7678-7681 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T6011 |
7682-7685 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T6012 |
7686-7688 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T6013 |
7685-7686 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T6014 |
7688-7689 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T6015 |
7689-7690 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T6016 |
7690-7691 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T6017 |
7696-7698 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T6018 |
7698-7701 |
CC |
denotes |
but |
T6019 |
7702-7705 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T6020 |
7714-7724 |
VBN |
denotes |
diminished |
T6021 |
7706-7713 |
RB |
denotes |
greatly |
T6022 |
7725-7727 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T6023 |
7728-7731 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T6024 |
7742-7746 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T6025 |
7732-7735 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T6026 |
7736-7738 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T6027 |
7735-7736 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T6028 |
7738-7739 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T6029 |
7739-7740 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T6030 |
7740-7741 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T6031 |
7746-7748 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T6032 |
7748-7758 |
VBG |
denotes |
indicating |
T6033 |
7759-7763 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T6034 |
7786-7788 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T6035 |
7764-7767 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T6036 |
7775-7785 |
NN |
denotes |
transcript |
T6037 |
7768-7774 |
NN |
denotes |
mutant |
T6038 |
7789-7797 |
JJ |
denotes |
unstable |
T6039 |
7797-7798 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T6040 |
7798-8065 |
sentence |
denotes |
PGC-1α protein was not detected in whole cell (Figure 1E) or nuclear protein extracts (unpublished data) isolated from BAT of PGC-1α−/− mice under basal conditions or in response to cold exposure, a condition known to markedly induce the expression of PGC-1α in BAT. |
T6041 |
7799-7802 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T6042 |
7803-7805 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T6043 |
7802-7803 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T6044 |
7806-7813 |
NN |
denotes |
protein |
T6045 |
7822-7830 |
VBN |
denotes |
detected |
T6046 |
7814-7817 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T6047 |
7818-7821 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T6048 |
7831-7833 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T6049 |
7834-7839 |
JJ |
denotes |
whole |
T6050 |
7840-7844 |
NN |
denotes |
cell |
T6051 |
7876-7884 |
NNS |
denotes |
extracts |
T6052 |
7845-7846 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T6053 |
7853-7855 |
NN |
denotes |
1E |
T6054 |
7846-7852 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T6055 |
7855-7856 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T6056 |
7857-7859 |
CC |
denotes |
or |
T6057 |
7860-7867 |
JJ |
denotes |
nuclear |
T6058 |
7868-7875 |
NN |
denotes |
protein |
T6059 |
7885-7886 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T6060 |
7898-7902 |
NNS |
denotes |
data |
T6061 |
7886-7897 |
JJ |
denotes |
unpublished |
T6062 |
7902-7903 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T6063 |
7904-7912 |
VBN |
denotes |
isolated |
T6064 |
7913-7917 |
IN |
denotes |
from |
T6065 |
7918-7921 |
NN |
denotes |
BAT |
T6066 |
7922-7924 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T6067 |
7925-7928 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T6068 |
7929-7931 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T6069 |
7928-7929 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T6070 |
7935-7939 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T6071 |
7931-7932 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T6072 |
7932-7933 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T6073 |
7933-7934 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T6074 |
7940-7945 |
IN |
denotes |
under |
T6075 |
7946-7951 |
JJ |
denotes |
basal |
T6076 |
7952-7962 |
NNS |
denotes |
conditions |
T6077 |
7963-7965 |
CC |
denotes |
or |
T6078 |
7966-7968 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T6079 |
7969-7977 |
NN |
denotes |
response |
T6080 |
7978-7980 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T6081 |
7981-7985 |
NN |
denotes |
cold |
T6082 |
7986-7994 |
NN |
denotes |
exposure |
T6083 |
7994-7996 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T6084 |
7996-7997 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T6085 |
7998-8007 |
NN |
denotes |
condition |
T6086 |
8008-8013 |
VBN |
denotes |
known |
T6087 |
8014-8016 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T6088 |
8026-8032 |
VB |
denotes |
induce |
T6089 |
8017-8025 |
RB |
denotes |
markedly |
T6090 |
8033-8036 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T6091 |
8037-8047 |
NN |
denotes |
expression |
T6092 |
8048-8050 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T6093 |
8051-8054 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T6094 |
8055-8057 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T6095 |
8054-8055 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T6096 |
8058-8060 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T6097 |
8061-8064 |
NN |
denotes |
BAT |
T6098 |
8064-8065 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T6099 |
8065-8164 |
sentence |
denotes |
Smaller mutant PGC-1α proteins were also not detected by Western blot analysis (unpublished data). |
T6100 |
8066-8073 |
JJR |
denotes |
Smaller |
T6101 |
8088-8096 |
NN |
denotes |
proteins |
T6102 |
8074-8080 |
NN |
denotes |
mutant |
T6103 |
8081-8084 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T6104 |
8085-8087 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T6105 |
8084-8085 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T6106 |
8111-8119 |
VBN |
denotes |
detected |
T6107 |
8097-8101 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T6108 |
8102-8106 |
RB |
denotes |
also |
T6109 |
8107-8110 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T6110 |
8120-8122 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T6111 |
8123-8130 |
NNP |
denotes |
Western |
T6112 |
8131-8135 |
NN |
denotes |
blot |
T6113 |
8136-8144 |
NN |
denotes |
analysis |
T6114 |
8145-8146 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T6115 |
8158-8162 |
NNS |
denotes |
data |
T6116 |
8146-8157 |
JJ |
denotes |
unpublished |
T6117 |
8162-8163 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T6118 |
8163-8164 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T6119 |
8164-8329 |
sentence |
denotes |
Lastly, expression of the genes encoding the other known PGC-1 family members, PGC-1β and PRC, was not significantly altered in heart of PGC-1α−/− mice (Figure 1C). |
T6120 |
8165-8171 |
RB |
denotes |
Lastly |
T6121 |
8282-8289 |
VBN |
denotes |
altered |
T6122 |
8171-8173 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T6123 |
8173-8183 |
NN |
denotes |
expression |
T6124 |
8184-8186 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T6125 |
8187-8190 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T6126 |
8191-8196 |
NNS |
denotes |
genes |
T6127 |
8197-8205 |
VBG |
denotes |
encoding |
T6128 |
8206-8209 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T6129 |
8235-8242 |
NNS |
denotes |
members |
T6130 |
8210-8215 |
JJ |
denotes |
other |
T6131 |
8216-8221 |
JJ |
denotes |
known |
T6132 |
8222-8225 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T6133 |
8225-8226 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T6134 |
8226-8227 |
CD |
denotes |
1 |
T6135 |
8228-8234 |
NN |
denotes |
family |
T6136 |
8242-8244 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T6137 |
8244-8247 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T6138 |
8248-8250 |
NN |
denotes |
1β |
T6139 |
8247-8248 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T6140 |
8251-8254 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T6141 |
8255-8258 |
NN |
denotes |
PRC |
T6142 |
8258-8260 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T6143 |
8260-8263 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T6144 |
8264-8267 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T6145 |
8268-8281 |
RB |
denotes |
significantly |
T6146 |
8290-8292 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T6147 |
8293-8298 |
NN |
denotes |
heart |
T6148 |
8299-8301 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T6149 |
8302-8305 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T6150 |
8306-8308 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T6151 |
8305-8306 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T6152 |
8312-8316 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T6153 |
8308-8309 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T6154 |
8309-8310 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T6155 |
8310-8311 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T6156 |
8317-8318 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T6157 |
8325-8327 |
NN |
denotes |
1C |
T6158 |
8318-8324 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T6159 |
8327-8328 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T6160 |
8328-8329 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T6161 |
8329-8446 |
sentence |
denotes |
Taken together, these results support the conclusion that the gene targeting event resulted in a PGC-1α null allele. |
T6162 |
8330-8335 |
VBN |
denotes |
Taken |
T6163 |
8360-8367 |
VBP |
denotes |
support |
T6164 |
8336-8344 |
RB |
denotes |
together |
T6165 |
8344-8346 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T6166 |
8346-8351 |
DT |
denotes |
these |
T6167 |
8352-8359 |
NNS |
denotes |
results |
T6168 |
8368-8371 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T6169 |
8372-8382 |
NN |
denotes |
conclusion |
T6170 |
8383-8387 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T6171 |
8413-8421 |
VBD |
denotes |
resulted |
T6172 |
8388-8391 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T6173 |
8407-8412 |
NN |
denotes |
event |
T6174 |
8392-8396 |
NN |
denotes |
gene |
T6175 |
8397-8406 |
VBG |
denotes |
targeting |
T6176 |
8422-8424 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T6177 |
8425-8426 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T6178 |
8439-8445 |
NN |
denotes |
allele |
T6179 |
8427-8430 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T6180 |
8431-8433 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T6181 |
8430-8431 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T6182 |
8434-8438 |
JJ |
denotes |
null |
T6183 |
8445-8446 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T7689 |
10877-10884 |
JJ |
denotes |
General |
T7690 |
10885-10900 |
NNS |
denotes |
Characteristics |
T7691 |
10901-10903 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T7692 |
10904-10907 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T7693 |
10918-10922 |
NNS |
denotes |
Mice |
T7694 |
10908-10911 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T7695 |
10912-10914 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T7696 |
10911-10912 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T7697 |
10914-10915 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T7698 |
10915-10916 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T7699 |
10916-10917 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T7700 |
10922-10924 |
: |
denotes |
: |
T7701 |
10924-10927 |
NN |
denotes |
Age |
T7702 |
10937-10946 |
JJ |
denotes |
Dependent |
T7703 |
10927-10928 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T7704 |
10929-10932 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T7705 |
10933-10936 |
NN |
denotes |
Sex |
T7706 |
10936-10937 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T7707 |
10947-10954 |
NN |
denotes |
Obesity |
T7708 |
10954-11027 |
sentence |
denotes |
Heterozygous (PGC-1α+/−) mice were bred to generate PGC-1α−/− offspring. |
T7709 |
10955-10967 |
JJ |
denotes |
Heterozygous |
T7710 |
10980-10984 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T7711 |
10968-10969 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T7712 |
10969-10972 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T7713 |
10973-10975 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T7714 |
10972-10973 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T7715 |
10975-10976 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T7716 |
10976-10977 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T7717 |
10977-10978 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T7718 |
10978-10979 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T7719 |
10990-10994 |
VBN |
denotes |
bred |
T7720 |
10985-10989 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T7721 |
10995-10997 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T7722 |
10998-11006 |
VB |
denotes |
generate |
T7723 |
11007-11010 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T7724 |
11011-11013 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T7725 |
11010-11011 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T7726 |
11017-11026 |
NN |
denotes |
offspring |
T7727 |
11013-11014 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T7728 |
11014-11015 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T7729 |
11015-11016 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T7730 |
11026-11027 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T7731 |
11027-11144 |
sentence |
denotes |
The observed genotype ratios of the offspring were consistent with the expected Mendelian ratios (unpublished data). |
T7732 |
11028-11031 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T7733 |
11050-11056 |
NNS |
denotes |
ratios |
T7734 |
11032-11040 |
VBN |
denotes |
observed |
T7735 |
11041-11049 |
NN |
denotes |
genotype |
T7736 |
11074-11078 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T7737 |
11057-11059 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T7738 |
11060-11063 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T7739 |
11064-11073 |
NN |
denotes |
offspring |
T7740 |
11079-11089 |
JJ |
denotes |
consistent |
T7741 |
11090-11094 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T7742 |
11095-11098 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T7743 |
11118-11124 |
NNS |
denotes |
ratios |
T7744 |
11099-11107 |
VBN |
denotes |
expected |
T7745 |
11108-11117 |
JJ |
denotes |
Mendelian |
T7746 |
11125-11126 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T7747 |
11138-11142 |
NNS |
denotes |
data |
T7748 |
11126-11137 |
JJ |
denotes |
unpublished |
T7749 |
11142-11143 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T7750 |
11143-11144 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T7751 |
11144-11253 |
sentence |
denotes |
Unexpected deaths of the offspring were not observed, and PGC-1α+/− and PGC-1α−/− offspring appeared normal. |
T7752 |
11145-11155 |
JJ |
denotes |
Unexpected |
T7753 |
11156-11162 |
NNS |
denotes |
deaths |
T7754 |
11189-11197 |
VBN |
denotes |
observed |
T7755 |
11163-11165 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T7756 |
11166-11169 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T7757 |
11170-11179 |
NN |
denotes |
offspring |
T7758 |
11180-11184 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T7759 |
11185-11188 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T7760 |
11197-11199 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T7761 |
11199-11202 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T7762 |
11203-11206 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T7763 |
11207-11209 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T7764 |
11206-11207 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T7765 |
11227-11236 |
NN |
denotes |
offspring |
T7766 |
11209-11210 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T7767 |
11210-11211 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T7768 |
11211-11212 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T7769 |
11213-11216 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T7770 |
11217-11220 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T7771 |
11221-11223 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T7772 |
11220-11221 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T7773 |
11223-11224 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T7774 |
11224-11225 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T7775 |
11225-11226 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T7776 |
11237-11245 |
VBD |
denotes |
appeared |
T7777 |
11246-11252 |
JJ |
denotes |
normal |
T7778 |
11252-11253 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T7779 |
11253-11439 |
sentence |
denotes |
Total body weights obtained 1 wk after birth revealed a 15%–20% reduction in total body mass for male and female PGC-1α−/− mice relative to sex-matched PGC-1α+/+ littermates (Figure 2). |
T7780 |
11254-11259 |
JJ |
denotes |
Total |
T7781 |
11265-11272 |
NNS |
denotes |
weights |
T7782 |
11260-11264 |
NN |
denotes |
body |
T7783 |
11299-11307 |
VBD |
denotes |
revealed |
T7784 |
11273-11281 |
VBN |
denotes |
obtained |
T7785 |
11282-11283 |
CD |
denotes |
1 |
T7786 |
11284-11286 |
NN |
denotes |
wk |
T7787 |
11287-11292 |
IN |
denotes |
after |
T7788 |
11293-11298 |
NN |
denotes |
birth |
T7789 |
11308-11309 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T7790 |
11318-11327 |
NN |
denotes |
reduction |
T7791 |
11310-11312 |
CD |
denotes |
15 |
T7792 |
11312-11313 |
NN |
denotes |
% |
T7793 |
11313-11314 |
SYM |
denotes |
– |
T7794 |
11316-11317 |
NN |
denotes |
% |
T7795 |
11314-11316 |
CD |
denotes |
20 |
T7796 |
11328-11330 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T7797 |
11331-11336 |
JJ |
denotes |
total |
T7798 |
11342-11346 |
NN |
denotes |
mass |
T7799 |
11337-11341 |
NN |
denotes |
body |
T7800 |
11347-11350 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T7801 |
11351-11355 |
JJ |
denotes |
male |
T7802 |
11377-11381 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T7803 |
11356-11359 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T7804 |
11360-11366 |
JJ |
denotes |
female |
T7805 |
11367-11370 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T7806 |
11371-11373 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T7807 |
11370-11371 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T7808 |
11373-11374 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T7809 |
11374-11375 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T7810 |
11375-11376 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T7811 |
11382-11390 |
JJ |
denotes |
relative |
T7812 |
11391-11393 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T7813 |
11394-11397 |
NN |
denotes |
sex |
T7814 |
11398-11405 |
VBN |
denotes |
matched |
T7815 |
11397-11398 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T7816 |
11416-11427 |
NNS |
denotes |
littermates |
T7817 |
11406-11409 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T7818 |
11410-11412 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T7819 |
11409-11410 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T7820 |
11412-11413 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T7821 |
11413-11414 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T7822 |
11414-11415 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T7823 |
11428-11429 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T7824 |
11429-11435 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T7825 |
11436-11437 |
CD |
denotes |
2 |
T7826 |
11437-11438 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T7827 |
11438-11439 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T7828 |
11439-11544 |
sentence |
denotes |
The weight decrement between PGC-1α−/− and PGC-1α+/+ littermates disappeared by 3 wk of age (Figure 2A). |
T7829 |
11440-11443 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T7830 |
11451-11460 |
NN |
denotes |
decrement |
T7831 |
11444-11450 |
NN |
denotes |
weight |
T7832 |
11505-11516 |
VBD |
denotes |
disappeared |
T7833 |
11461-11468 |
IN |
denotes |
between |
T7834 |
11469-11472 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T7835 |
11473-11475 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T7836 |
11472-11473 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T7837 |
11493-11504 |
NNS |
denotes |
littermates |
T7838 |
11475-11476 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T7839 |
11476-11477 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T7840 |
11477-11478 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T7841 |
11479-11482 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T7842 |
11483-11486 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T7843 |
11487-11489 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T7844 |
11486-11487 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T7845 |
11489-11490 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T7846 |
11490-11491 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T7847 |
11491-11492 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T7848 |
11517-11519 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T7849 |
11520-11521 |
CD |
denotes |
3 |
T7850 |
11522-11524 |
NN |
denotes |
wk |
T7851 |
11525-11527 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T7852 |
11528-11531 |
NN |
denotes |
age |
T7853 |
11532-11533 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T7854 |
11540-11542 |
NN |
denotes |
2A |
T7855 |
11533-11539 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T7856 |
11542-11543 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T7857 |
11543-11544 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T7858 |
11544-11702 |
sentence |
denotes |
At 18 wk of age, body weight was modestly but significantly greater in male and female PGC-1α−/− mice compared to sex-matched PGC-1α+/+ controls (Figure 2A). |
T7859 |
11545-11547 |
IN |
denotes |
At |
T7860 |
11574-11577 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T7861 |
11548-11550 |
CD |
denotes |
18 |
T7862 |
11551-11553 |
NN |
denotes |
wk |
T7863 |
11554-11556 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T7864 |
11557-11560 |
NN |
denotes |
age |
T7865 |
11560-11562 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T7866 |
11562-11566 |
NN |
denotes |
body |
T7867 |
11567-11573 |
NN |
denotes |
weight |
T7868 |
11578-11586 |
RB |
denotes |
modestly |
T7869 |
11605-11612 |
JJR |
denotes |
greater |
T7870 |
11587-11590 |
CC |
denotes |
but |
T7871 |
11591-11604 |
RB |
denotes |
significantly |
T7872 |
11613-11615 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T7873 |
11616-11620 |
JJ |
denotes |
male |
T7874 |
11642-11646 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T7875 |
11621-11624 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T7876 |
11625-11631 |
JJ |
denotes |
female |
T7877 |
11632-11635 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T7878 |
11636-11638 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T7879 |
11635-11636 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T7880 |
11638-11639 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T7881 |
11639-11640 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T7882 |
11640-11641 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T7883 |
11647-11655 |
VBN |
denotes |
compared |
T7884 |
11656-11658 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T7885 |
11659-11662 |
NN |
denotes |
sex |
T7886 |
11663-11670 |
VBN |
denotes |
matched |
T7887 |
11662-11663 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T7888 |
11681-11689 |
NNS |
denotes |
controls |
T7889 |
11671-11674 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T7890 |
11675-11677 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T7891 |
11674-11675 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T7892 |
11677-11678 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T7893 |
11678-11679 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T7894 |
11679-11680 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T7895 |
11690-11691 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T7896 |
11698-11700 |
NN |
denotes |
2A |
T7897 |
11691-11697 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T7898 |
11700-11701 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T7899 |
11701-11702 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T7900 |
11702-11801 |
sentence |
denotes |
This weight difference was also significant for female PGC-1α−/− mice at 24 wk of age (Figure 2A). |
T7901 |
11703-11707 |
DT |
denotes |
This |
T7902 |
11715-11725 |
NN |
denotes |
difference |
T7903 |
11708-11714 |
NN |
denotes |
weight |
T7904 |
11726-11729 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T7905 |
11730-11734 |
RB |
denotes |
also |
T7906 |
11735-11746 |
JJ |
denotes |
significant |
T7907 |
11747-11750 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T7908 |
11751-11757 |
JJ |
denotes |
female |
T7909 |
11768-11772 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T7910 |
11758-11761 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T7911 |
11762-11764 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T7912 |
11761-11762 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T7913 |
11764-11765 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T7914 |
11765-11766 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T7915 |
11766-11767 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T7916 |
11773-11775 |
IN |
denotes |
at |
T7917 |
11776-11778 |
CD |
denotes |
24 |
T7918 |
11779-11781 |
NN |
denotes |
wk |
T7919 |
11782-11784 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T7920 |
11785-11788 |
NN |
denotes |
age |
T7921 |
11789-11790 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T7922 |
11797-11799 |
NN |
denotes |
2A |
T7923 |
11790-11796 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T7924 |
11799-11800 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T7925 |
11800-11801 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T7926 |
11801-11984 |
sentence |
denotes |
The abnormal weight gain in PGC-1α−/− mice was not associated with differences in food intake (unpublished data) or alterations in general activity as monitored for 48 h (Figure S1). |
T7927 |
11802-11805 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T7928 |
11822-11826 |
NN |
denotes |
gain |
T7929 |
11806-11814 |
JJ |
denotes |
abnormal |
T7930 |
11815-11821 |
NN |
denotes |
weight |
T7931 |
11853-11863 |
VBN |
denotes |
associated |
T7932 |
11827-11829 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T7933 |
11830-11833 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T7934 |
11834-11836 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T7935 |
11833-11834 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T7936 |
11840-11844 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T7937 |
11836-11837 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T7938 |
11837-11838 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T7939 |
11838-11839 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T7940 |
11845-11848 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T7941 |
11849-11852 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T7942 |
11864-11868 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T7943 |
11869-11880 |
NNS |
denotes |
differences |
T7944 |
11881-11883 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T7945 |
11884-11888 |
NN |
denotes |
food |
T7946 |
11889-11895 |
NN |
denotes |
intake |
T7947 |
11896-11897 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T7948 |
11909-11913 |
NNS |
denotes |
data |
T7949 |
11897-11908 |
JJ |
denotes |
unpublished |
T7950 |
11913-11914 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T7951 |
11915-11917 |
CC |
denotes |
or |
T7952 |
11918-11929 |
NNS |
denotes |
alterations |
T7953 |
11930-11932 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T7954 |
11933-11940 |
JJ |
denotes |
general |
T7955 |
11941-11949 |
NN |
denotes |
activity |
T7956 |
11950-11952 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T7957 |
11953-11962 |
VBN |
denotes |
monitored |
T7958 |
11963-11966 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T7959 |
11967-11969 |
CD |
denotes |
48 |
T7960 |
11970-11971 |
NN |
denotes |
h |
T7961 |
11972-11973 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T7962 |
11980-11982 |
NN |
denotes |
S1 |
T7963 |
11973-11979 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T7964 |
11982-11983 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T7965 |
11983-11984 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T7966 |
11984-12271 |
sentence |
denotes |
Percent body fat, as determined by dual-energy X-ray absorption (DEXA), was greater in 18- and 24-wk-old female PGC-1α−/− mice compared to age-matched female PGC-1α+/+ counterparts, indicating that the body weight difference was due, at least in part, to increased body fat (Figure 2A). |
T7967 |
11985-11992 |
NN |
denotes |
Percent |
T7968 |
11998-12001 |
NN |
denotes |
fat |
T7969 |
11993-11997 |
NN |
denotes |
body |
T7970 |
12057-12060 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T7971 |
12001-12003 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T7972 |
12003-12005 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T7973 |
12006-12016 |
VBN |
denotes |
determined |
T7974 |
12017-12019 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T7975 |
12020-12024 |
JJ |
denotes |
dual |
T7976 |
12025-12031 |
NN |
denotes |
energy |
T7977 |
12024-12025 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T7978 |
12038-12048 |
NN |
denotes |
absorption |
T7979 |
12032-12037 |
NN |
denotes |
X-ray |
T7980 |
12049-12050 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T7981 |
12050-12054 |
NN |
denotes |
DEXA |
T7982 |
12054-12055 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T7983 |
12055-12057 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T7984 |
12061-12068 |
JJR |
denotes |
greater |
T7985 |
12069-12071 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T7986 |
12072-12074 |
CD |
denotes |
18 |
T7987 |
12083-12085 |
NN |
denotes |
wk |
T7988 |
12074-12075 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T7989 |
12076-12079 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T7990 |
12080-12082 |
CD |
denotes |
24 |
T7991 |
12082-12083 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T7992 |
12086-12089 |
JJ |
denotes |
old |
T7993 |
12085-12086 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T7994 |
12107-12111 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T7995 |
12090-12096 |
JJ |
denotes |
female |
T7996 |
12097-12100 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T7997 |
12101-12103 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T7998 |
12100-12101 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T7999 |
12103-12104 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T8000 |
12104-12105 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T8001 |
12105-12106 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T8002 |
12112-12120 |
VBN |
denotes |
compared |
T8003 |
12121-12123 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T8004 |
12124-12127 |
NN |
denotes |
age |
T8005 |
12128-12135 |
VBN |
denotes |
matched |
T8006 |
12127-12128 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T8007 |
12153-12165 |
NNS |
denotes |
counterparts |
T8008 |
12136-12142 |
JJ |
denotes |
female |
T8009 |
12143-12146 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T8010 |
12147-12149 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T8011 |
12146-12147 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T8012 |
12149-12150 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T8013 |
12150-12151 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T8014 |
12151-12152 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T8015 |
12165-12167 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T8016 |
12167-12177 |
VBG |
denotes |
indicating |
T8017 |
12178-12182 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T8018 |
12210-12213 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T8019 |
12183-12186 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T8020 |
12199-12209 |
NN |
denotes |
difference |
T8021 |
12187-12191 |
NN |
denotes |
body |
T8022 |
12192-12198 |
NN |
denotes |
weight |
T8023 |
12214-12217 |
IN |
denotes |
due |
T8024 |
12217-12219 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T8025 |
12219-12221 |
RB |
denotes |
at |
T8026 |
12222-12227 |
RBS |
denotes |
least |
T8027 |
12228-12230 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T8028 |
12231-12235 |
JJ |
denotes |
part |
T8029 |
12235-12237 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T8030 |
12237-12239 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T8031 |
12240-12249 |
VBN |
denotes |
increased |
T8032 |
12255-12258 |
NN |
denotes |
fat |
T8033 |
12250-12254 |
NN |
denotes |
body |
T8034 |
12259-12260 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T8035 |
12267-12269 |
NN |
denotes |
2A |
T8036 |
12260-12266 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T8037 |
12269-12270 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T8038 |
12270-12271 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T8039 |
12271-12355 |
sentence |
denotes |
Lean mass was not significantly different between the genotypes (unpublished data). |
T8040 |
12272-12276 |
JJ |
denotes |
Lean |
T8041 |
12277-12281 |
NN |
denotes |
mass |
T8042 |
12282-12285 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T8043 |
12286-12289 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T8044 |
12290-12303 |
RB |
denotes |
significantly |
T8045 |
12304-12313 |
JJ |
denotes |
different |
T8046 |
12314-12321 |
IN |
denotes |
between |
T8047 |
12322-12325 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T8048 |
12326-12335 |
NNS |
denotes |
genotypes |
T8049 |
12336-12337 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T8050 |
12349-12353 |
NNS |
denotes |
data |
T8051 |
12337-12348 |
JJ |
denotes |
unpublished |
T8052 |
12353-12354 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T8053 |
12354-12355 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T8054 |
12355-12570 |
sentence |
denotes |
Although DEXA did not detect excess body fat in male PGC-1α−/− mice at 18 or 24 wk of age, older male mutant mice (over 7 mo of age) accumulated more body fat than male WT controls (Figure 2A and unpublished data). |
T8055 |
12356-12364 |
IN |
denotes |
Although |
T8056 |
12378-12384 |
VB |
denotes |
detect |
T8057 |
12365-12369 |
NN |
denotes |
DEXA |
T8058 |
12370-12373 |
VBD |
denotes |
did |
T8059 |
12374-12377 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T8060 |
12489-12500 |
VBD |
denotes |
accumulated |
T8061 |
12385-12391 |
JJ |
denotes |
excess |
T8062 |
12397-12400 |
NN |
denotes |
fat |
T8063 |
12392-12396 |
NN |
denotes |
body |
T8064 |
12401-12403 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T8065 |
12404-12408 |
JJ |
denotes |
male |
T8066 |
12419-12423 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T8067 |
12409-12412 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T8068 |
12413-12415 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T8069 |
12412-12413 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T8070 |
12415-12416 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T8071 |
12416-12417 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T8072 |
12417-12418 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T8073 |
12424-12426 |
IN |
denotes |
at |
T8074 |
12427-12429 |
CD |
denotes |
18 |
T8075 |
12436-12438 |
NN |
denotes |
wk |
T8076 |
12430-12432 |
CC |
denotes |
or |
T8077 |
12433-12435 |
CD |
denotes |
24 |
T8078 |
12439-12441 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T8079 |
12442-12445 |
NN |
denotes |
age |
T8080 |
12445-12447 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T8081 |
12447-12452 |
JJR |
denotes |
older |
T8082 |
12465-12469 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T8083 |
12453-12457 |
JJ |
denotes |
male |
T8084 |
12458-12464 |
NN |
denotes |
mutant |
T8085 |
12470-12471 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T8086 |
12471-12475 |
IN |
denotes |
over |
T8087 |
12476-12477 |
CD |
denotes |
7 |
T8088 |
12478-12480 |
NN |
denotes |
mo |
T8089 |
12481-12483 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T8090 |
12484-12487 |
NN |
denotes |
age |
T8091 |
12487-12488 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T8092 |
12501-12505 |
JJR |
denotes |
more |
T8093 |
12511-12514 |
NN |
denotes |
fat |
T8094 |
12506-12510 |
NN |
denotes |
body |
T8095 |
12515-12519 |
IN |
denotes |
than |
T8096 |
12520-12524 |
JJ |
denotes |
male |
T8097 |
12528-12536 |
NNS |
denotes |
controls |
T8098 |
12525-12527 |
NN |
denotes |
WT |
T8099 |
12537-12538 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T8100 |
12545-12547 |
NN |
denotes |
2A |
T8101 |
12538-12544 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T8102 |
12548-12551 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T8103 |
12552-12563 |
JJ |
denotes |
unpublished |
T8104 |
12564-12568 |
NNS |
denotes |
data |
T8105 |
12568-12569 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T8106 |
12569-12570 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T8107 |
12570-13721 |
sentence |
denotes |
Figure 2 Evidence for Tissue-Specific Growth Abnormalities and Mild Sex-Limited, Age-Dependent Obesity in PGC-1α−/− Mice
(A) The bars represent total body weight for the ages indicated for male (left graph) and female (center graph) PGC-1α+/+ and PGC-1α−/− mice. The body weight (BW) of the 1-wk-old PGC-1α−/− mice was normalized to that of PGC-1α+/+ littermates, which was assigned a value of 100 (left axis). For the 3-, 18-, and 24-wk time points, absolute weights of PGC-1α−/− mice were compared to age-matched controls (right axis). Percent fat as determined by DEXA scanning for PGC-1α+/+ and PGC-1α−/− mice (right graph). The results represent n = 4 (males) and n ≥ 11 (females) for each genotype at 24 wk. * p < 0.05 compared to corresponding PGC-1α+/+ mice.
(B) The bars represent organ weights corrected to body weight for 3-wk-old male and female PGC-1α+/+ and PGC-1α−/− mice. The error bars represent ± SEM. Results represent n ≥ 14 for each group. * p < 0.05 compared to corresponding PGC-1α+/+ mice. Individual organ weights were assessed, given the importance of mitochondrial energy metabolism for postnatal growth in certain organs. |
T8108 |
13586-13596 |
JJ |
denotes |
Individual |
T8109 |
13603-13610 |
NNS |
denotes |
weights |
T8110 |
13597-13602 |
NN |
denotes |
organ |
T8111 |
13616-13624 |
VBN |
denotes |
assessed |
T8112 |
13611-13615 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T8113 |
13624-13626 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T8114 |
13626-13631 |
VBN |
denotes |
given |
T8115 |
13632-13635 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T8116 |
13636-13646 |
NN |
denotes |
importance |
T8117 |
13647-13649 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T8118 |
13650-13663 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T8119 |
13671-13681 |
NN |
denotes |
metabolism |
T8120 |
13664-13670 |
NN |
denotes |
energy |
T8121 |
13682-13685 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T8122 |
13686-13695 |
JJ |
denotes |
postnatal |
T8123 |
13696-13702 |
NN |
denotes |
growth |
T8124 |
13703-13705 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T8125 |
13706-13713 |
JJ |
denotes |
certain |
T8126 |
13714-13720 |
NNS |
denotes |
organs |
T8127 |
13720-13721 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T8128 |
13721-14040 |
sentence |
denotes |
The weights of heart and slow-twitch fiber-enriched skeletal muscles, including gastrocnemius and soleus, but not the less oxidative tibialis anterior, were significantly lower in male and female PGC-1α−/− mice compared with age and sex-matched PGC-1α+/+ controls at 3 and 8 wk of age (Figure 2B and unpublished data). |
T8129 |
13722-13725 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T8130 |
13726-13733 |
NNS |
denotes |
weights |
T8131 |
13874-13878 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T8132 |
13734-13736 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T8133 |
13737-13742 |
NN |
denotes |
heart |
T8134 |
13743-13746 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T8135 |
13747-13751 |
JJ |
denotes |
slow |
T8136 |
13752-13758 |
NN |
denotes |
twitch |
T8137 |
13751-13752 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T8138 |
13783-13790 |
NNS |
denotes |
muscles |
T8139 |
13759-13764 |
NN |
denotes |
fiber |
T8140 |
13765-13773 |
VBN |
denotes |
enriched |
T8141 |
13764-13765 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T8142 |
13774-13782 |
JJ |
denotes |
skeletal |
T8143 |
13790-13792 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T8144 |
13792-13801 |
VBG |
denotes |
including |
T8145 |
13802-13815 |
NN |
denotes |
gastrocnemius |
T8146 |
13816-13819 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T8147 |
13820-13826 |
NN |
denotes |
soleus |
T8148 |
13826-13828 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T8149 |
13828-13831 |
CC |
denotes |
but |
T8150 |
13832-13835 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T8151 |
13836-13839 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T8152 |
13864-13872 |
NN |
denotes |
anterior |
T8153 |
13840-13844 |
RBR |
denotes |
less |
T8154 |
13845-13854 |
JJ |
denotes |
oxidative |
T8155 |
13855-13863 |
NN |
denotes |
tibialis |
T8156 |
13872-13874 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T8157 |
13879-13892 |
RB |
denotes |
significantly |
T8158 |
13893-13898 |
JJR |
denotes |
lower |
T8159 |
13899-13901 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T8160 |
13902-13906 |
JJ |
denotes |
male |
T8161 |
13928-13932 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T8162 |
13907-13910 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T8163 |
13911-13917 |
JJ |
denotes |
female |
T8164 |
13918-13921 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T8165 |
13922-13924 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T8166 |
13921-13922 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T8167 |
13924-13925 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T8168 |
13925-13926 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T8169 |
13926-13927 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T8170 |
13933-13941 |
VBN |
denotes |
compared |
T8171 |
13942-13946 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T8172 |
13947-13950 |
NN |
denotes |
age |
T8173 |
13959-13966 |
VBN |
denotes |
matched |
T8174 |
13951-13954 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T8175 |
13955-13958 |
NN |
denotes |
sex |
T8176 |
13958-13959 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T8177 |
13977-13985 |
NNS |
denotes |
controls |
T8178 |
13967-13970 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T8179 |
13971-13973 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T8180 |
13970-13971 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T8181 |
13973-13974 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T8182 |
13974-13975 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T8183 |
13975-13976 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T8184 |
13986-13988 |
IN |
denotes |
at |
T8185 |
13989-13990 |
CD |
denotes |
3 |
T8186 |
13997-13999 |
NN |
denotes |
wk |
T8187 |
13991-13994 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T8188 |
13995-13996 |
CD |
denotes |
8 |
T8189 |
14000-14002 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T8190 |
14003-14006 |
NN |
denotes |
age |
T8191 |
14007-14008 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T8192 |
14015-14017 |
NN |
denotes |
2B |
T8193 |
14008-14014 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T8194 |
14018-14021 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T8195 |
14022-14033 |
JJ |
denotes |
unpublished |
T8196 |
14034-14038 |
NNS |
denotes |
data |
T8197 |
14038-14039 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T8198 |
14039-14040 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T8199 |
14040-14189 |
sentence |
denotes |
In contrast, the weights of brain, liver, kidney, and BAT were not significantly different between the genotypes at the 3-wk time point (Figure 2B). |
T8200 |
14041-14043 |
IN |
denotes |
In |
T8201 |
14099-14103 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T8202 |
14044-14052 |
NN |
denotes |
contrast |
T8203 |
14052-14054 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T8204 |
14054-14057 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T8205 |
14058-14065 |
NNS |
denotes |
weights |
T8206 |
14066-14068 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T8207 |
14069-14074 |
NN |
denotes |
brain |
T8208 |
14074-14076 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T8209 |
14076-14081 |
NN |
denotes |
liver |
T8210 |
14081-14083 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T8211 |
14083-14089 |
NN |
denotes |
kidney |
T8212 |
14089-14091 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T8213 |
14091-14094 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T8214 |
14095-14098 |
NN |
denotes |
BAT |
T8215 |
14104-14107 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T8216 |
14108-14121 |
RB |
denotes |
significantly |
T8217 |
14122-14131 |
JJ |
denotes |
different |
T8218 |
14132-14139 |
IN |
denotes |
between |
T8219 |
14140-14143 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T8220 |
14144-14153 |
NNS |
denotes |
genotypes |
T8221 |
14154-14156 |
IN |
denotes |
at |
T8222 |
14157-14160 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T8223 |
14171-14176 |
NN |
denotes |
point |
T8224 |
14161-14162 |
CD |
denotes |
3 |
T8225 |
14163-14165 |
NN |
denotes |
wk |
T8226 |
14162-14163 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T8227 |
14166-14170 |
NN |
denotes |
time |
T8228 |
14177-14178 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T8229 |
14185-14187 |
NN |
denotes |
2B |
T8230 |
14178-14184 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T8231 |
14187-14188 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T8232 |
14188-14189 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T8233 |
14189-14352 |
sentence |
denotes |
Thus, certain tissues with high mitochondrial energy requirements, such as heart and slow-twitch skeletal muscle, exhibit modest growth defects in PGC-1α−/− mice. |
T8234 |
14190-14194 |
RB |
denotes |
Thus |
T8235 |
14304-14311 |
VBP |
denotes |
exhibit |
T8236 |
14194-14196 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T8237 |
14196-14203 |
JJ |
denotes |
certain |
T8238 |
14204-14211 |
NNS |
denotes |
tissues |
T8239 |
14212-14216 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T8240 |
14217-14221 |
JJ |
denotes |
high |
T8241 |
14243-14255 |
NNS |
denotes |
requirements |
T8242 |
14222-14235 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T8243 |
14236-14242 |
NN |
denotes |
energy |
T8244 |
14255-14257 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T8245 |
14257-14261 |
JJ |
denotes |
such |
T8246 |
14262-14264 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T8247 |
14265-14270 |
NN |
denotes |
heart |
T8248 |
14296-14302 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T8249 |
14271-14274 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T8250 |
14275-14279 |
JJ |
denotes |
slow |
T8251 |
14280-14286 |
NN |
denotes |
twitch |
T8252 |
14279-14280 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T8253 |
14287-14295 |
JJ |
denotes |
skeletal |
T8254 |
14302-14304 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T8255 |
14312-14318 |
JJ |
denotes |
modest |
T8256 |
14326-14333 |
NNS |
denotes |
defects |
T8257 |
14319-14325 |
NN |
denotes |
growth |
T8258 |
14334-14336 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T8259 |
14337-14340 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T8260 |
14341-14343 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T8261 |
14340-14341 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T8262 |
14347-14351 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T8263 |
14343-14344 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T8264 |
14344-14345 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T8265 |
14345-14346 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T8266 |
14351-14352 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T9816 |
14354-14362 |
JJ |
denotes |
Abnormal |
T9817 |
14384-14393 |
NN |
denotes |
Phenotype |
T9818 |
14363-14369 |
NN |
denotes |
Muscle |
T9819 |
14370-14383 |
JJ |
denotes |
Mitochondrial |
T9820 |
14394-14396 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T9821 |
14397-14400 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T9822 |
14401-14403 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T9823 |
14400-14401 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T9824 |
14407-14411 |
NNS |
denotes |
Mice |
T9825 |
14403-14404 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T9826 |
14404-14405 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T9827 |
14405-14406 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T9828 |
14411-14566 |
sentence |
denotes |
General histologic analyses were performed to begin to evaluate the mild growth defect found in postnatal heart and skeletal muscle of the PGC-1α−/− mice. |
T9829 |
14412-14419 |
JJ |
denotes |
General |
T9830 |
14431-14439 |
NNS |
denotes |
analyses |
T9831 |
14420-14430 |
JJ |
denotes |
histologic |
T9832 |
14445-14454 |
VBN |
denotes |
performed |
T9833 |
14440-14444 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T9834 |
14455-14457 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T9835 |
14458-14463 |
VB |
denotes |
begin |
T9836 |
14464-14466 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T9837 |
14467-14475 |
VB |
denotes |
evaluate |
T9838 |
14476-14479 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T9839 |
14492-14498 |
NN |
denotes |
defect |
T9840 |
14480-14484 |
JJ |
denotes |
mild |
T9841 |
14485-14491 |
NN |
denotes |
growth |
T9842 |
14499-14504 |
VBN |
denotes |
found |
T9843 |
14505-14507 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T9844 |
14508-14517 |
JJ |
denotes |
postnatal |
T9845 |
14518-14523 |
NN |
denotes |
heart |
T9846 |
14524-14527 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T9847 |
14528-14536 |
JJ |
denotes |
skeletal |
T9848 |
14537-14543 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T9849 |
14544-14546 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T9850 |
14547-14550 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T9851 |
14561-14565 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T9852 |
14551-14554 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T9853 |
14555-14557 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T9854 |
14554-14555 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T9855 |
14557-14558 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T9856 |
14558-14559 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T9857 |
14559-14560 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T9858 |
14565-14566 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T9859 |
14566-14717 |
sentence |
denotes |
There were no obvious abnormalities in cellularity, cell size, or extracellular matrix in the tissues of 1–2-mo-old PGC-1α−/− mice (unpublished data). |
T9860 |
14567-14572 |
EX |
denotes |
There |
T9861 |
14573-14577 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T9862 |
14578-14580 |
DT |
denotes |
no |
T9863 |
14589-14602 |
NNS |
denotes |
abnormalities |
T9864 |
14581-14588 |
JJ |
denotes |
obvious |
T9865 |
14603-14605 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T9866 |
14606-14617 |
NN |
denotes |
cellularity |
T9867 |
14617-14619 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T9868 |
14619-14623 |
NN |
denotes |
cell |
T9869 |
14624-14628 |
NN |
denotes |
size |
T9870 |
14628-14630 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T9871 |
14630-14632 |
CC |
denotes |
or |
T9872 |
14633-14646 |
JJ |
denotes |
extracellular |
T9873 |
14647-14653 |
NN |
denotes |
matrix |
T9874 |
14654-14656 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T9875 |
14657-14660 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T9876 |
14661-14668 |
NNS |
denotes |
tissues |
T9877 |
14669-14671 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T9878 |
14672-14673 |
CD |
denotes |
1 |
T9879 |
14674-14675 |
CD |
denotes |
2 |
T9880 |
14673-14674 |
SYM |
denotes |
– |
T9881 |
14676-14678 |
NN |
denotes |
mo |
T9882 |
14675-14676 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T9883 |
14679-14682 |
JJ |
denotes |
old |
T9884 |
14678-14679 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T9885 |
14693-14697 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T9886 |
14683-14686 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T9887 |
14687-14689 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T9888 |
14686-14687 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T9889 |
14689-14690 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T9890 |
14690-14691 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T9891 |
14691-14692 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T9892 |
14698-14699 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T9893 |
14711-14715 |
NNS |
denotes |
data |
T9894 |
14699-14710 |
JJ |
denotes |
unpublished |
T9895 |
14715-14716 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T9896 |
14716-14717 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T9897 |
14717-14860 |
sentence |
denotes |
Given the important role of PGC-1α in mitochondrial function and biogenesis, we examined mitochondrial ultrastructure in the relevant tissues. |
T9898 |
14718-14723 |
VBN |
denotes |
Given |
T9899 |
14798-14806 |
VBD |
denotes |
examined |
T9900 |
14724-14727 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T9901 |
14738-14742 |
NN |
denotes |
role |
T9902 |
14728-14737 |
JJ |
denotes |
important |
T9903 |
14743-14745 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T9904 |
14746-14749 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T9905 |
14750-14752 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T9906 |
14749-14750 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T9907 |
14753-14755 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T9908 |
14756-14769 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T9909 |
14770-14778 |
NN |
denotes |
function |
T9910 |
14779-14782 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T9911 |
14783-14793 |
NN |
denotes |
biogenesis |
T9912 |
14793-14795 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T9913 |
14795-14797 |
PRP |
denotes |
we |
T9914 |
14807-14820 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T9915 |
14821-14835 |
NN |
denotes |
ultrastructure |
T9916 |
14836-14838 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T9917 |
14839-14842 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T9918 |
14852-14859 |
NNS |
denotes |
tissues |
T9919 |
14843-14851 |
JJ |
denotes |
relevant |
T9920 |
14859-14860 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T9921 |
14860-15031 |
sentence |
denotes |
Electron microscopic analysis revealed fewer and smaller mitochondria in soleus muscle of PGC-1α−/− mice compared to sex- and age- matched PGC-1α+/+ controls (Figure 3A). |
T9922 |
14861-14869 |
NN |
denotes |
Electron |
T9923 |
14870-14881 |
JJ |
denotes |
microscopic |
T9924 |
14882-14890 |
NN |
denotes |
analysis |
T9925 |
14891-14899 |
VBD |
denotes |
revealed |
T9926 |
14900-14905 |
JJR |
denotes |
fewer |
T9927 |
14918-14930 |
NNS |
denotes |
mitochondria |
T9928 |
14906-14909 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T9929 |
14910-14917 |
JJR |
denotes |
smaller |
T9930 |
14931-14933 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T9931 |
14934-14940 |
NN |
denotes |
soleus |
T9932 |
14941-14947 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T9933 |
14948-14950 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T9934 |
14951-14954 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T9935 |
14955-14957 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T9936 |
14954-14955 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T9937 |
14961-14965 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T9938 |
14957-14958 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T9939 |
14958-14959 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T9940 |
14959-14960 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T9941 |
14966-14974 |
VBN |
denotes |
compared |
T9942 |
14975-14977 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T9943 |
14978-14981 |
NN |
denotes |
sex |
T9944 |
14992-14999 |
VBN |
denotes |
matched |
T9945 |
14981-14982 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T9946 |
14983-14986 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T9947 |
14987-14990 |
NN |
denotes |
age |
T9948 |
14990-14991 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T9949 |
15010-15018 |
NNS |
denotes |
controls |
T9950 |
15000-15003 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T9951 |
15004-15006 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T9952 |
15003-15004 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T9953 |
15006-15007 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T9954 |
15007-15008 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T9955 |
15008-15009 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T9956 |
15019-15020 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T9957 |
15027-15029 |
NN |
denotes |
3A |
T9958 |
15020-15026 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T9959 |
15029-15030 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T9960 |
15030-15031 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T9961 |
15031-15289 |
sentence |
denotes |
Quantitative morphometry of the electron micrographs confirmed that the cellular volume density of soleus mitochondria was significantly lower in PGC-1α−/− mice compared to PGC-1α+/+ controls independent of changes in the myofibrillar component (Figure 3B). |
T9962 |
15032-15044 |
JJ |
denotes |
Quantitative |
T9963 |
15045-15056 |
NN |
denotes |
morphometry |
T9964 |
15085-15094 |
VBD |
denotes |
confirmed |
T9965 |
15057-15059 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T9966 |
15060-15063 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T9967 |
15073-15084 |
NNS |
denotes |
micrographs |
T9968 |
15064-15072 |
NN |
denotes |
electron |
T9969 |
15095-15099 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T9970 |
15151-15154 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T9971 |
15100-15103 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T9972 |
15120-15127 |
NN |
denotes |
density |
T9973 |
15104-15112 |
JJ |
denotes |
cellular |
T9974 |
15113-15119 |
NN |
denotes |
volume |
T9975 |
15128-15130 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T9976 |
15131-15137 |
NN |
denotes |
soleus |
T9977 |
15138-15150 |
NNS |
denotes |
mitochondria |
T9978 |
15155-15168 |
RB |
denotes |
significantly |
T9979 |
15169-15174 |
JJR |
denotes |
lower |
T9980 |
15175-15177 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T9981 |
15178-15181 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T9982 |
15182-15184 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T9983 |
15181-15182 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T9984 |
15188-15192 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T9985 |
15184-15185 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T9986 |
15185-15186 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T9987 |
15186-15187 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T9988 |
15193-15201 |
VBN |
denotes |
compared |
T9989 |
15202-15204 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T9990 |
15205-15208 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T9991 |
15209-15211 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T9992 |
15208-15209 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T9993 |
15215-15223 |
NNS |
denotes |
controls |
T9994 |
15211-15212 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T9995 |
15212-15213 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T9996 |
15213-15214 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T9997 |
15224-15235 |
JJ |
denotes |
independent |
T9998 |
15236-15238 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T9999 |
15239-15246 |
NNS |
denotes |
changes |
T10000 |
15247-15249 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T10001 |
15250-15253 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T10002 |
15267-15276 |
NN |
denotes |
component |
T10003 |
15254-15266 |
JJ |
denotes |
myofibrillar |
T10004 |
15277-15278 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T10005 |
15285-15287 |
NN |
denotes |
3B |
T10006 |
15278-15284 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T10007 |
15287-15288 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T10008 |
15288-15289 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T10009 |
15289-15633 |
sentence |
denotes |
Consistent with a defect in mitochondrial biogenesis, we found a reduction in the expression of nuclear genes encoding proteins involved in mitochondrial electron transport (cytochrome c and cytochrome oxidase IV) and oxidative phosphorylation (beta subunit of ATP synthase) in soleus muscle of PGC-1α−/− mice compared with PGC-1α+/+ controls. |
T10010 |
15290-15300 |
JJ |
denotes |
Consistent |
T10011 |
15347-15352 |
VBD |
denotes |
found |
T10012 |
15301-15305 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T10013 |
15306-15307 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T10014 |
15308-15314 |
NN |
denotes |
defect |
T10015 |
15315-15317 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T10016 |
15318-15331 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T10017 |
15332-15342 |
NN |
denotes |
biogenesis |
T10018 |
15342-15344 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T10019 |
15344-15346 |
PRP |
denotes |
we |
T10020 |
15353-15354 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T10021 |
15355-15364 |
NN |
denotes |
reduction |
T10022 |
15365-15367 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T10023 |
15368-15371 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T10024 |
15372-15382 |
NN |
denotes |
expression |
T10025 |
15383-15385 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T10026 |
15386-15393 |
JJ |
denotes |
nuclear |
T10027 |
15394-15399 |
NNS |
denotes |
genes |
T10028 |
15400-15408 |
VBG |
denotes |
encoding |
T10029 |
15409-15417 |
NN |
denotes |
proteins |
T10030 |
15418-15426 |
VBN |
denotes |
involved |
T10031 |
15427-15429 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T10032 |
15430-15443 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T10033 |
15453-15462 |
NN |
denotes |
transport |
T10034 |
15444-15452 |
NN |
denotes |
electron |
T10035 |
15463-15464 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T10036 |
15464-15474 |
NN |
denotes |
cytochrome |
T10037 |
15475-15476 |
NN |
denotes |
c |
T10038 |
15477-15480 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T10039 |
15481-15491 |
NN |
denotes |
cytochrome |
T10040 |
15492-15499 |
NN |
denotes |
oxidase |
T10041 |
15500-15502 |
CD |
denotes |
IV |
T10042 |
15502-15503 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T10043 |
15504-15507 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T10044 |
15508-15517 |
JJ |
denotes |
oxidative |
T10045 |
15518-15533 |
NN |
denotes |
phosphorylation |
T10046 |
15534-15535 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T10047 |
15535-15539 |
NN |
denotes |
beta |
T10048 |
15540-15547 |
NN |
denotes |
subunit |
T10049 |
15548-15550 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T10050 |
15551-15554 |
NN |
denotes |
ATP |
T10051 |
15555-15563 |
NN |
denotes |
synthase |
T10052 |
15563-15564 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T10053 |
15565-15567 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T10054 |
15568-15574 |
NN |
denotes |
soleus |
T10055 |
15575-15581 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T10056 |
15582-15584 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T10057 |
15585-15588 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T10058 |
15589-15591 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T10059 |
15588-15589 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T10060 |
15595-15599 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T10061 |
15591-15592 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T10062 |
15592-15593 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T10063 |
15593-15594 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T10064 |
15600-15608 |
VBN |
denotes |
compared |
T10065 |
15609-15613 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T10066 |
15614-15617 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T10067 |
15618-15620 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T10068 |
15617-15618 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T10069 |
15624-15632 |
NNS |
denotes |
controls |
T10070 |
15620-15621 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T10071 |
15621-15622 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T10072 |
15622-15623 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T10073 |
15632-15633 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T10074 |
15633-15871 |
sentence |
denotes |
In addition, the expression of Tfam, a known PGC-1α target involved in mitochondrial DNA replication/transcription, was diminished in PGC-1α−/− soleus, providing one potential mechanism for defective mitochondrial biogenesis (Figure 3C). |
T10075 |
15634-15636 |
IN |
denotes |
In |
T10076 |
15754-15764 |
VBN |
denotes |
diminished |
T10077 |
15637-15645 |
NN |
denotes |
addition |
T10078 |
15645-15647 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T10079 |
15647-15650 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T10080 |
15651-15661 |
NN |
denotes |
expression |
T10081 |
15662-15664 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T10082 |
15665-15669 |
NN |
denotes |
Tfam |
T10083 |
15669-15671 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T10084 |
15671-15672 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T10085 |
15686-15692 |
NN |
denotes |
target |
T10086 |
15673-15678 |
JJ |
denotes |
known |
T10087 |
15679-15682 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T10088 |
15683-15685 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T10089 |
15682-15683 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T10090 |
15693-15701 |
VBN |
denotes |
involved |
T10091 |
15702-15704 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T10092 |
15705-15718 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T10093 |
15735-15748 |
NN |
denotes |
transcription |
T10094 |
15719-15722 |
NN |
denotes |
DNA |
T10095 |
15723-15734 |
NN |
denotes |
replication |
T10096 |
15734-15735 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T10097 |
15748-15750 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T10098 |
15750-15753 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T10099 |
15765-15767 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T10100 |
15768-15771 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T10101 |
15772-15774 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T10102 |
15771-15772 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T10103 |
15778-15784 |
NN |
denotes |
soleus |
T10104 |
15774-15775 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T10105 |
15775-15776 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T10106 |
15776-15777 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T10107 |
15784-15786 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T10108 |
15786-15795 |
VBG |
denotes |
providing |
T10109 |
15796-15799 |
CD |
denotes |
one |
T10110 |
15810-15819 |
NN |
denotes |
mechanism |
T10111 |
15800-15809 |
JJ |
denotes |
potential |
T10112 |
15820-15823 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T10113 |
15824-15833 |
JJ |
denotes |
defective |
T10114 |
15848-15858 |
NN |
denotes |
biogenesis |
T10115 |
15834-15847 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T10116 |
15859-15860 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T10117 |
15867-15869 |
NN |
denotes |
3C |
T10118 |
15860-15866 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T10119 |
15869-15870 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T10120 |
15870-15871 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T10121 |
15871-16053 |
sentence |
denotes |
In contrast to the results with soleus, no significant differences in mitochondrial ultrastructure or volume density were noted in heart or BAT of PGC-1α−/− mice (unpublished data). |
T10122 |
15872-15874 |
IN |
denotes |
In |
T10123 |
15994-15999 |
VBN |
denotes |
noted |
T10124 |
15875-15883 |
NN |
denotes |
contrast |
T10125 |
15884-15886 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T10126 |
15887-15890 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T10127 |
15891-15898 |
NNS |
denotes |
results |
T10128 |
15899-15903 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T10129 |
15904-15910 |
NN |
denotes |
soleus |
T10130 |
15910-15912 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T10131 |
15912-15914 |
DT |
denotes |
no |
T10132 |
15927-15938 |
NNS |
denotes |
differences |
T10133 |
15915-15926 |
JJ |
denotes |
significant |
T10134 |
15939-15941 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T10135 |
15942-15955 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T10136 |
15956-15970 |
NN |
denotes |
ultrastructure |
T10137 |
15971-15973 |
CC |
denotes |
or |
T10138 |
15974-15980 |
NN |
denotes |
volume |
T10139 |
15981-15988 |
NN |
denotes |
density |
T10140 |
15989-15993 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T10141 |
16000-16002 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T10142 |
16003-16008 |
NN |
denotes |
heart |
T10143 |
16009-16011 |
CC |
denotes |
or |
T10144 |
16012-16015 |
NN |
denotes |
BAT |
T10145 |
16016-16018 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T10146 |
16019-16022 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T10147 |
16023-16025 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T10148 |
16022-16023 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T10149 |
16029-16033 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T10150 |
16025-16026 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T10151 |
16026-16027 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T10152 |
16027-16028 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T10153 |
16034-16035 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T10154 |
16047-16051 |
NNS |
denotes |
data |
T10155 |
16035-16046 |
JJ |
denotes |
unpublished |
T10156 |
16051-16052 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T10157 |
16052-16053 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T10158 |
16053-17691 |
sentence |
denotes |
Figure 3 Abnormal Mitochondrial Phenotype in Slow-Twitch Skeletal Muscle of PGC-1α−/− Mice
(A) Representative electron micrograph of soleus muscle from 1-mo-old female PGC-1α+/+ and PGC-1α−/− mice.
(B) Quantitative morphometric measurements of the cellular volume density for the mitochondrial (Mito) and myofibrillar (Myo) fractions based on analysis of electron micrographs (three sections from three animals per group). The bars represent mean ± SEM. * p < 0.05 compared to corresponding PGC-1α+/+ values.
(C) Gene expression data. The results of real-time PCR analysis of nuclear and mitochondrial genes involved in various components of mitochondrial metabolism and mitochondrial biogenesis: cytochrome C (Cyto c), ATP synthase β, Tfam, and cytochrome oxidase IV (COX IV). Eight littermate pairs were used for analysis at 1–2 mo of age and normalized to the WT value, which was assigned a value of 100, in each case. * p < 0.05 compared to corresponding PGC-1α+/+ values.
(D) Mitochondrial respiration rates as determined by oxygen consumption (VO2) performed on saponin-permeabilized muscle strips prepared from soleus of PGC-1α+/+ and PGC-1α−/− mice (as described in Materials and Methods). The results are based on six female animals in each group, using succinate as a substrate in the presence of rotenone. Mean values (± SEM) are shown for state 2 (basal), state 3 (ADP-stimulated), and state 4 respiration (presence of oligomycin). To determine whether mitochondrial function was altered in the skeletal muscle of PGC-1α−/− mice, mitochondrial respiration rates were measured using tissue strips prepared from soleus muscle. |
T10159 |
17499-17501 |
TO |
denotes |
To |
T10160 |
17502-17511 |
VB |
denotes |
determine |
T10161 |
17634-17642 |
VBN |
denotes |
measured |
T10162 |
17512-17519 |
IN |
denotes |
whether |
T10163 |
17547-17554 |
VBN |
denotes |
altered |
T10164 |
17520-17533 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T10165 |
17534-17542 |
NN |
denotes |
function |
T10166 |
17543-17546 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T10167 |
17555-17557 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T10168 |
17558-17561 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T10169 |
17571-17577 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T10170 |
17562-17570 |
JJ |
denotes |
skeletal |
T10171 |
17578-17580 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T10172 |
17581-17584 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T10173 |
17585-17587 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T10174 |
17584-17585 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T10175 |
17591-17595 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T10176 |
17587-17588 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T10177 |
17588-17589 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T10178 |
17589-17590 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T10179 |
17595-17597 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T10180 |
17597-17610 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T10181 |
17623-17628 |
NNS |
denotes |
rates |
T10182 |
17611-17622 |
NN |
denotes |
respiration |
T10183 |
17629-17633 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T10184 |
17643-17648 |
VBG |
denotes |
using |
T10185 |
17649-17655 |
NN |
denotes |
tissue |
T10186 |
17656-17662 |
NNS |
denotes |
strips |
T10187 |
17663-17671 |
VBN |
denotes |
prepared |
T10188 |
17672-17676 |
IN |
denotes |
from |
T10189 |
17677-17683 |
NN |
denotes |
soleus |
T10190 |
17684-17690 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T10191 |
17690-17691 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T10192 |
17691-17866 |
sentence |
denotes |
In soleus of PGC-1α−/− mice, a significant defect in state 3 (ADP-stimulated) respiration, but not state 2 (basal), was detected using succinate as the substrate (Figure 3D). |
T10193 |
17692-17694 |
IN |
denotes |
In |
T10194 |
17812-17820 |
VBN |
denotes |
detected |
T10195 |
17695-17701 |
NN |
denotes |
soleus |
T10196 |
17702-17704 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T10197 |
17705-17708 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T10198 |
17709-17711 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T10199 |
17708-17709 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T10200 |
17715-17719 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T10201 |
17711-17712 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T10202 |
17712-17713 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T10203 |
17713-17714 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T10204 |
17719-17721 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T10205 |
17721-17722 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T10206 |
17735-17741 |
NN |
denotes |
defect |
T10207 |
17723-17734 |
JJ |
denotes |
significant |
T10208 |
17742-17744 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T10209 |
17745-17750 |
NN |
denotes |
state |
T10210 |
17770-17781 |
NN |
denotes |
respiration |
T10211 |
17751-17752 |
CD |
denotes |
3 |
T10212 |
17753-17754 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T10213 |
17758-17768 |
VBN |
denotes |
stimulated |
T10214 |
17754-17757 |
NN |
denotes |
ADP |
T10215 |
17757-17758 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T10216 |
17768-17769 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T10217 |
17781-17783 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T10218 |
17783-17786 |
CC |
denotes |
but |
T10219 |
17787-17790 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T10220 |
17791-17796 |
NN |
denotes |
state |
T10221 |
17797-17798 |
CD |
denotes |
2 |
T10222 |
17799-17800 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T10223 |
17800-17805 |
JJ |
denotes |
basal |
T10224 |
17805-17806 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T10225 |
17806-17808 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T10226 |
17808-17811 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T10227 |
17821-17826 |
VBG |
denotes |
using |
T10228 |
17827-17836 |
NN |
denotes |
succinate |
T10229 |
17837-17839 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T10230 |
17840-17843 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T10231 |
17844-17853 |
NN |
denotes |
substrate |
T10232 |
17854-17855 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T10233 |
17862-17864 |
NN |
denotes |
3D |
T10234 |
17855-17861 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T10235 |
17864-17865 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T10236 |
17865-17866 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T10237 |
17866-18076 |
sentence |
denotes |
State 4 respiration rates (in the presence of oligomycin) were also similar between the genotypes, indicating that the coupling of respiration to ATP production was not significantly altered in PGC-1α−/− mice. |
T10238 |
17867-17872 |
NN |
denotes |
State |
T10239 |
17887-17892 |
NNS |
denotes |
rates |
T10240 |
17873-17874 |
CD |
denotes |
4 |
T10241 |
17875-17886 |
NN |
denotes |
respiration |
T10242 |
17925-17929 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T10243 |
17893-17894 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T10244 |
17894-17896 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T10245 |
17897-17900 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T10246 |
17901-17909 |
NN |
denotes |
presence |
T10247 |
17910-17912 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T10248 |
17913-17923 |
NN |
denotes |
oligomycin |
T10249 |
17923-17924 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T10250 |
17930-17934 |
RB |
denotes |
also |
T10251 |
17935-17942 |
JJ |
denotes |
similar |
T10252 |
17943-17950 |
IN |
denotes |
between |
T10253 |
17951-17954 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T10254 |
17955-17964 |
NNS |
denotes |
genotypes |
T10255 |
17964-17966 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T10256 |
17966-17976 |
VBG |
denotes |
indicating |
T10257 |
17977-17981 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T10258 |
18050-18057 |
VBN |
denotes |
altered |
T10259 |
17982-17985 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T10260 |
17986-17994 |
NN |
denotes |
coupling |
T10261 |
17995-17997 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T10262 |
17998-18009 |
NN |
denotes |
respiration |
T10263 |
18010-18012 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T10264 |
18013-18016 |
NN |
denotes |
ATP |
T10265 |
18017-18027 |
NN |
denotes |
production |
T10266 |
18028-18031 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T10267 |
18032-18035 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T10268 |
18036-18049 |
RB |
denotes |
significantly |
T10269 |
18058-18060 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T10270 |
18061-18064 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T10271 |
18065-18067 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T10272 |
18064-18065 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T10273 |
18071-18075 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T10274 |
18067-18068 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T10275 |
18068-18069 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T10276 |
18069-18070 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T10277 |
18075-18076 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T10278 |
18076-18180 |
sentence |
denotes |
These results are consistent with the modest but significant reduction in mitochondrial volume density. |
T10279 |
18077-18082 |
DT |
denotes |
These |
T10280 |
18083-18090 |
NNS |
denotes |
results |
T10281 |
18091-18094 |
VBP |
denotes |
are |
T10282 |
18095-18105 |
JJ |
denotes |
consistent |
T10283 |
18106-18110 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T10284 |
18111-18114 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T10285 |
18138-18147 |
NN |
denotes |
reduction |
T10286 |
18115-18121 |
JJ |
denotes |
modest |
T10287 |
18122-18125 |
CC |
denotes |
but |
T10288 |
18126-18137 |
JJ |
denotes |
significant |
T10289 |
18148-18150 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T10290 |
18151-18164 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T10291 |
18172-18179 |
NN |
denotes |
density |
T10292 |
18165-18171 |
NN |
denotes |
volume |
T10293 |
18179-18180 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T12484 |
18182-18189 |
VBN |
denotes |
Altered |
T12485 |
18206-18214 |
NN |
denotes |
Function |
T12486 |
18190-18198 |
JJ |
denotes |
Skeletal |
T12487 |
18199-18205 |
NN |
denotes |
Muscle |
T12488 |
18215-18217 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T12489 |
18218-18221 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T12490 |
18222-18224 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T12491 |
18221-18222 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T12492 |
18228-18232 |
NNS |
denotes |
Mice |
T12493 |
18224-18225 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T12494 |
18225-18226 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T12495 |
18226-18227 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T12496 |
18232-18374 |
sentence |
denotes |
The abnormality in mitochondrial number and respiratory function in skeletal muscle led us to further evaluate the skeletal muscle phenotype. |
T12497 |
18233-18236 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T12498 |
18237-18248 |
NN |
denotes |
abnormality |
T12499 |
18317-18320 |
VBD |
denotes |
led |
T12500 |
18249-18251 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T12501 |
18252-18265 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T12502 |
18266-18272 |
NN |
denotes |
number |
T12503 |
18273-18276 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T12504 |
18277-18288 |
JJ |
denotes |
respiratory |
T12505 |
18289-18297 |
NN |
denotes |
function |
T12506 |
18298-18300 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T12507 |
18301-18309 |
JJ |
denotes |
skeletal |
T12508 |
18310-18316 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T12509 |
18321-18323 |
PRP |
denotes |
us |
T12510 |
18324-18326 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T12511 |
18335-18343 |
VB |
denotes |
evaluate |
T12512 |
18327-18334 |
RB |
denotes |
further |
T12513 |
18344-18347 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T12514 |
18364-18373 |
NN |
denotes |
phenotype |
T12515 |
18348-18356 |
JJ |
denotes |
skeletal |
T12516 |
18357-18363 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T12517 |
18373-18374 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T12518 |
18374-18492 |
sentence |
denotes |
As an initial step, we measured locomotor activity levels over a 1-h period using a high-resolution photobeam system. |
T12519 |
18375-18377 |
IN |
denotes |
As |
T12520 |
18398-18406 |
VBD |
denotes |
measured |
T12521 |
18378-18380 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T12522 |
18389-18393 |
NN |
denotes |
step |
T12523 |
18381-18388 |
JJ |
denotes |
initial |
T12524 |
18393-18395 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T12525 |
18395-18397 |
PRP |
denotes |
we |
T12526 |
18407-18416 |
NN |
denotes |
locomotor |
T12527 |
18426-18432 |
NNS |
denotes |
levels |
T12528 |
18417-18425 |
NN |
denotes |
activity |
T12529 |
18433-18437 |
IN |
denotes |
over |
T12530 |
18438-18439 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T12531 |
18444-18450 |
NN |
denotes |
period |
T12532 |
18440-18441 |
CD |
denotes |
1 |
T12533 |
18442-18443 |
NN |
denotes |
h |
T12534 |
18441-18442 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T12535 |
18451-18456 |
VBG |
denotes |
using |
T12536 |
18457-18458 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T12537 |
18485-18491 |
NN |
denotes |
system |
T12538 |
18459-18463 |
JJ |
denotes |
high |
T12539 |
18464-18474 |
NN |
denotes |
resolution |
T12540 |
18463-18464 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T12541 |
18475-18484 |
NN |
denotes |
photobeam |
T12542 |
18491-18492 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T12543 |
18492-18659 |
sentence |
denotes |
PGC-1α−/− male mice exhibited a significantly lower mean number of ambulations and rearings during the hour compared to the PGC-1α+/+ age-matched controls (Figure 4). |
T12544 |
18493-18496 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T12545 |
18497-18499 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T12546 |
18496-18497 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T12547 |
18508-18512 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T12548 |
18499-18500 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T12549 |
18500-18501 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T12550 |
18501-18502 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T12551 |
18503-18507 |
JJ |
denotes |
male |
T12552 |
18513-18522 |
VBD |
denotes |
exhibited |
T12553 |
18523-18524 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T12554 |
18550-18556 |
NN |
denotes |
number |
T12555 |
18525-18538 |
RB |
denotes |
significantly |
T12556 |
18539-18544 |
JJR |
denotes |
lower |
T12557 |
18545-18549 |
JJ |
denotes |
mean |
T12558 |
18557-18559 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T12559 |
18560-18571 |
NNS |
denotes |
ambulations |
T12560 |
18572-18575 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T12561 |
18576-18584 |
NNS |
denotes |
rearings |
T12562 |
18585-18591 |
IN |
denotes |
during |
T12563 |
18592-18595 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T12564 |
18596-18600 |
NN |
denotes |
hour |
T12565 |
18601-18609 |
VBN |
denotes |
compared |
T12566 |
18610-18612 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T12567 |
18613-18616 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T12568 |
18639-18647 |
NNS |
denotes |
controls |
T12569 |
18617-18620 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T12570 |
18621-18623 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T12571 |
18620-18621 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T12572 |
18623-18624 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T12573 |
18624-18625 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T12574 |
18625-18626 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T12575 |
18627-18630 |
NN |
denotes |
age |
T12576 |
18631-18638 |
VBN |
denotes |
matched |
T12577 |
18630-18631 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T12578 |
18648-18649 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T12579 |
18649-18655 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T12580 |
18656-18657 |
CD |
denotes |
4 |
T12581 |
18657-18658 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T12582 |
18658-18659 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T12583 |
18659-18809 |
sentence |
denotes |
However, an analysis of exploratory behavior showed that the PGC-1α−/− mice were reluctant to go into the center of the “field” compared to controls. |
T12584 |
18660-18667 |
RB |
denotes |
However |
T12585 |
18705-18711 |
VBD |
denotes |
showed |
T12586 |
18667-18669 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T12587 |
18669-18671 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T12588 |
18672-18680 |
NN |
denotes |
analysis |
T12589 |
18681-18683 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T12590 |
18684-18695 |
JJ |
denotes |
exploratory |
T12591 |
18696-18704 |
NN |
denotes |
behavior |
T12592 |
18712-18716 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T12593 |
18736-18740 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T12594 |
18717-18720 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T12595 |
18731-18735 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T12596 |
18721-18724 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T12597 |
18725-18727 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T12598 |
18724-18725 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T12599 |
18727-18728 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T12600 |
18728-18729 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T12601 |
18729-18730 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T12602 |
18741-18750 |
JJ |
denotes |
reluctant |
T12603 |
18751-18753 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T12604 |
18754-18756 |
VB |
denotes |
go |
T12605 |
18757-18761 |
IN |
denotes |
into |
T12606 |
18762-18765 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T12607 |
18766-18772 |
NN |
denotes |
center |
T12608 |
18773-18775 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T12609 |
18776-18779 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T12610 |
18781-18786 |
NN |
denotes |
field |
T12611 |
18780-18781 |
`` |
denotes |
“ |
T12612 |
18786-18787 |
'' |
denotes |
” |
T12613 |
18788-18796 |
VBN |
denotes |
compared |
T12614 |
18797-18799 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T12615 |
18800-18808 |
NNS |
denotes |
controls |
T12616 |
18808-18809 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T12617 |
18809-19133 |
sentence |
denotes |
Specifically, PGC-1α−/− mice made significantly fewer entries into, spent significantly less time in, and traveled a significantly shorter distance in the central area of the “field,” although differences in distance traveled in the peripheral zone of the “field” was not significantly different between groups (Figure S2). |
T12618 |
18810-18822 |
RB |
denotes |
Specifically |
T12619 |
18986-18991 |
NN |
denotes |
field |
T12620 |
18822-18824 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T12621 |
18824-18827 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T12622 |
18828-18830 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T12623 |
18827-18828 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T12624 |
18834-18838 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T12625 |
18830-18831 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T12626 |
18831-18832 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T12627 |
18832-18833 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T12628 |
18839-18843 |
VBD |
denotes |
made |
T12629 |
18844-18857 |
RB |
denotes |
significantly |
T12630 |
18858-18863 |
JJR |
denotes |
fewer |
T12631 |
18864-18871 |
NNS |
denotes |
entries |
T12632 |
18872-18876 |
IN |
denotes |
into |
T12633 |
18876-18878 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T12634 |
18878-18883 |
VBD |
denotes |
spent |
T12635 |
18884-18897 |
RB |
denotes |
significantly |
T12636 |
18898-18902 |
JJR |
denotes |
less |
T12637 |
18903-18907 |
NN |
denotes |
time |
T12638 |
18908-18910 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T12639 |
18910-18912 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T12640 |
18912-18915 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T12641 |
18916-18924 |
VBD |
denotes |
traveled |
T12642 |
18925-18926 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T12643 |
18949-18957 |
NN |
denotes |
distance |
T12644 |
18927-18940 |
RB |
denotes |
significantly |
T12645 |
18941-18948 |
JJR |
denotes |
shorter |
T12646 |
18958-18960 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T12647 |
18961-18964 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T12648 |
18973-18977 |
NN |
denotes |
area |
T12649 |
18965-18972 |
JJ |
denotes |
central |
T12650 |
18978-18980 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T12651 |
18981-18984 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T12652 |
18985-18986 |
`` |
denotes |
“ |
T12653 |
18991-18992 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T12654 |
18992-18993 |
'' |
denotes |
” |
T12655 |
18994-19002 |
IN |
denotes |
although |
T12656 |
19074-19077 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T12657 |
19003-19014 |
NNS |
denotes |
differences |
T12658 |
19015-19017 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T12659 |
19018-19026 |
NN |
denotes |
distance |
T12660 |
19027-19035 |
VBN |
denotes |
traveled |
T12661 |
19036-19038 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T12662 |
19039-19042 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T12663 |
19054-19058 |
NN |
denotes |
zone |
T12664 |
19043-19053 |
JJ |
denotes |
peripheral |
T12665 |
19059-19061 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T12666 |
19062-19065 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T12667 |
19067-19072 |
NN |
denotes |
field |
T12668 |
19066-19067 |
`` |
denotes |
“ |
T12669 |
19072-19073 |
'' |
denotes |
” |
T12670 |
19078-19081 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T12671 |
19082-19095 |
RB |
denotes |
significantly |
T12672 |
19096-19105 |
JJ |
denotes |
different |
T12673 |
19106-19113 |
IN |
denotes |
between |
T12674 |
19114-19120 |
NNS |
denotes |
groups |
T12675 |
19121-19122 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T12676 |
19129-19131 |
NN |
denotes |
S2 |
T12677 |
19122-19128 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T12678 |
19131-19132 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T12679 |
19132-19133 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T12680 |
19133-19401 |
sentence |
denotes |
These data suggest that the general activity level may have been affected by the reluctance of the PGC-1α−/− mice to go into the central area of the field and thus remain in the periphery (thigmotaxis), possibly reflecting altered emotionality such as increased fear. |
T12681 |
19134-19139 |
DT |
denotes |
These |
T12682 |
19140-19144 |
NNS |
denotes |
data |
T12683 |
19145-19152 |
VBP |
denotes |
suggest |
T12684 |
19153-19157 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T12685 |
19199-19207 |
VBN |
denotes |
affected |
T12686 |
19158-19161 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T12687 |
19179-19184 |
NN |
denotes |
level |
T12688 |
19162-19169 |
JJ |
denotes |
general |
T12689 |
19170-19178 |
NN |
denotes |
activity |
T12690 |
19185-19188 |
MD |
denotes |
may |
T12691 |
19189-19193 |
VB |
denotes |
have |
T12692 |
19194-19198 |
VBN |
denotes |
been |
T12693 |
19208-19210 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T12694 |
19211-19214 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T12695 |
19215-19225 |
NN |
denotes |
reluctance |
T12696 |
19226-19228 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T12697 |
19229-19232 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T12698 |
19243-19247 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T12699 |
19233-19236 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T12700 |
19237-19239 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T12701 |
19236-19237 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T12702 |
19239-19240 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T12703 |
19240-19241 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T12704 |
19241-19242 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T12705 |
19248-19250 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T12706 |
19251-19253 |
VB |
denotes |
go |
T12707 |
19254-19258 |
IN |
denotes |
into |
T12708 |
19259-19262 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T12709 |
19271-19275 |
NN |
denotes |
area |
T12710 |
19263-19270 |
JJ |
denotes |
central |
T12711 |
19276-19278 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T12712 |
19279-19282 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T12713 |
19283-19288 |
NN |
denotes |
field |
T12714 |
19289-19292 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T12715 |
19293-19297 |
RB |
denotes |
thus |
T12716 |
19298-19304 |
VB |
denotes |
remain |
T12717 |
19305-19307 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T12718 |
19308-19311 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T12719 |
19312-19321 |
NN |
denotes |
periphery |
T12720 |
19322-19323 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T12721 |
19323-19334 |
NN |
denotes |
thigmotaxis |
T12722 |
19334-19335 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T12723 |
19335-19337 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T12724 |
19337-19345 |
RB |
denotes |
possibly |
T12725 |
19346-19356 |
VBG |
denotes |
reflecting |
T12726 |
19357-19364 |
VBN |
denotes |
altered |
T12727 |
19365-19377 |
NN |
denotes |
emotionality |
T12728 |
19378-19382 |
JJ |
denotes |
such |
T12729 |
19383-19385 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T12730 |
19386-19395 |
VBN |
denotes |
increased |
T12731 |
19396-19400 |
NN |
denotes |
fear |
T12732 |
19400-19401 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T12733 |
19401-20943 |
sentence |
denotes |
Figure 4 PGC-1α−/− Mice Exhibit an Abnormal Skeletal Muscle Functional Phenotype
(A) Measures of general activity and muscle strength. General activity levels were measured in 3.5-mo-old male PGC-1α+/+ (n = 8) and PGC-1α−/− (n = 11) mice using a photobeam system as described in Materials and Methods. Total ambulations (left graph), and rearings (center graph) provide a general measure of locomotor activity. Time spent on an inverted screen (right graph) represents a general measure of extremity muscle strength. The results from two trials are shown. * p < 0.05 compared to corresponding PGC-1α+/+.
(B) Exercise studies. Male 6–8-mo-old PGC-1α−/− and PGC-1α+/+ mice were subjected to a run-to-exhaustion protocol on a motorized treadmill (left graph) as described in Materials and Methods. * p < 0.001 compared to corresponding PGC-1α+/+ values. VO2max measurements were determined for 2-mo-old male mice for each genotype using a motorized treadmill at an elevation of 150 m and indirect calorimetry set-up (right graph) as described in Materials and Methods. * p < 0.05 compared to corresponding PGC-1α+/+ values.
(C) Time course of fatigue following repeated stimulation of soleus muscle is shown for 4-mo-old male PGC-1α−/− (n = 5) and PGC-1α+/+ (n = 5) mice (left graph). The mean percent force remaining at 2 min (Fatigue Resistance Index) is shown (right graph). * p < 0.05 compared to corresponding PGC-1α+/+ values. A battery of tests was performed to further evaluate the general sensorimotor phenotype of the PGC-1α−/− mice. |
T12734 |
20833-20834 |
DT |
denotes |
A |
T12735 |
20835-20842 |
NN |
denotes |
battery |
T12736 |
20856-20865 |
VBN |
denotes |
performed |
T12737 |
20843-20845 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T12738 |
20846-20851 |
NNS |
denotes |
tests |
T12739 |
20852-20855 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T12740 |
20866-20868 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T12741 |
20877-20885 |
VB |
denotes |
evaluate |
T12742 |
20869-20876 |
RB |
denotes |
further |
T12743 |
20886-20889 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T12744 |
20911-20920 |
NN |
denotes |
phenotype |
T12745 |
20890-20897 |
JJ |
denotes |
general |
T12746 |
20898-20910 |
NN |
denotes |
sensorimotor |
T12747 |
20921-20923 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T12748 |
20924-20927 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T12749 |
20938-20942 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T12750 |
20928-20931 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T12751 |
20932-20934 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T12752 |
20931-20932 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T12753 |
20934-20935 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T12754 |
20935-20936 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T12755 |
20936-20937 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T12756 |
20942-20943 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T12757 |
20943-21199 |
sentence |
denotes |
No differences were found between PGC-1α−/− mice and PGC-1α+/+ controls on the ledge, platform, walking initiation, and 60° and 90° inclined screen tests (unpublished data), suggesting that several sensorimotor functions were intact in the PGC-1α−/− mice. |
T12758 |
20944-20946 |
DT |
denotes |
No |
T12759 |
20947-20958 |
NNS |
denotes |
differences |
T12760 |
20964-20969 |
VBN |
denotes |
found |
T12761 |
20959-20963 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T12762 |
20970-20977 |
IN |
denotes |
between |
T12763 |
20978-20981 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T12764 |
20982-20984 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T12765 |
20981-20982 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T12766 |
20988-20992 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T12767 |
20984-20985 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T12768 |
20985-20986 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T12769 |
20986-20987 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T12770 |
20993-20996 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T12771 |
20997-21000 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T12772 |
21001-21003 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T12773 |
21000-21001 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T12774 |
21007-21015 |
NNS |
denotes |
controls |
T12775 |
21003-21004 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T12776 |
21004-21005 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T12777 |
21005-21006 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T12778 |
21016-21018 |
IN |
denotes |
on |
T12779 |
21019-21022 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T12780 |
21092-21097 |
NNS |
denotes |
tests |
T12781 |
21023-21028 |
NN |
denotes |
ledge |
T12782 |
21028-21030 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T12783 |
21030-21038 |
NN |
denotes |
platform |
T12784 |
21038-21040 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T12785 |
21040-21047 |
NN |
denotes |
walking |
T12786 |
21048-21058 |
NN |
denotes |
initiation |
T12787 |
21058-21060 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T12788 |
21060-21063 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T12789 |
21064-21066 |
CD |
denotes |
60 |
T12790 |
21066-21067 |
NN |
denotes |
° |
T12791 |
21085-21091 |
NN |
denotes |
screen |
T12792 |
21068-21071 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T12793 |
21072-21074 |
CD |
denotes |
90 |
T12794 |
21074-21075 |
NN |
denotes |
° |
T12795 |
21076-21084 |
VBN |
denotes |
inclined |
T12796 |
21098-21099 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T12797 |
21111-21115 |
NNS |
denotes |
data |
T12798 |
21099-21110 |
JJ |
denotes |
unpublished |
T12799 |
21115-21116 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T12800 |
21116-21118 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T12801 |
21118-21128 |
VBG |
denotes |
suggesting |
T12802 |
21129-21133 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T12803 |
21165-21169 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T12804 |
21134-21141 |
JJ |
denotes |
several |
T12805 |
21155-21164 |
NNS |
denotes |
functions |
T12806 |
21142-21154 |
NN |
denotes |
sensorimotor |
T12807 |
21170-21176 |
JJ |
denotes |
intact |
T12808 |
21177-21179 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T12809 |
21180-21183 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T12810 |
21194-21198 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T12811 |
21184-21187 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T12812 |
21188-21190 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T12813 |
21187-21188 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T12814 |
21190-21191 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T12815 |
21191-21192 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T12816 |
21192-21193 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T12817 |
21198-21199 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T12818 |
21199-21322 |
sentence |
denotes |
However, the PGC-1α−/− mice were unable to remain on an inverted screen for as long as the PGC-1α+/+ controls (Figure 4A). |
T12819 |
21200-21207 |
RB |
denotes |
However |
T12820 |
21228-21232 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T12821 |
21207-21209 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T12822 |
21209-21212 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T12823 |
21223-21227 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T12824 |
21213-21216 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T12825 |
21217-21219 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T12826 |
21216-21217 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T12827 |
21219-21220 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T12828 |
21220-21221 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T12829 |
21221-21222 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T12830 |
21233-21239 |
JJ |
denotes |
unable |
T12831 |
21240-21242 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T12832 |
21243-21249 |
VB |
denotes |
remain |
T12833 |
21250-21252 |
IN |
denotes |
on |
T12834 |
21253-21255 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T12835 |
21265-21271 |
NN |
denotes |
screen |
T12836 |
21256-21264 |
VBN |
denotes |
inverted |
T12837 |
21272-21275 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T12838 |
21276-21278 |
RB |
denotes |
as |
T12839 |
21279-21283 |
RB |
denotes |
long |
T12840 |
21284-21286 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T12841 |
21287-21290 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T12842 |
21301-21309 |
NNS |
denotes |
controls |
T12843 |
21291-21294 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T12844 |
21295-21297 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T12845 |
21294-21295 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T12846 |
21297-21298 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T12847 |
21298-21299 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T12848 |
21299-21300 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T12849 |
21310-21311 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T12850 |
21318-21320 |
NN |
denotes |
4A |
T12851 |
21311-21317 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T12852 |
21320-21321 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T12853 |
21321-21322 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T12854 |
21322-21596 |
sentence |
denotes |
Since the groups did not differ on the times it took to turn around and climb to the top of 60° and 90° inclined screens, the differences on the inverted screen test suggest that impaired strength rather than deficits in coordination were responsible for these differences. |
T12855 |
21323-21328 |
IN |
denotes |
Since |
T12856 |
21348-21354 |
VB |
denotes |
differ |
T12857 |
21329-21332 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T12858 |
21333-21339 |
NNS |
denotes |
groups |
T12859 |
21340-21343 |
VBD |
denotes |
did |
T12860 |
21344-21347 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T12861 |
21489-21496 |
VBP |
denotes |
suggest |
T12862 |
21355-21357 |
IN |
denotes |
on |
T12863 |
21358-21361 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T12864 |
21362-21367 |
NNS |
denotes |
times |
T12865 |
21368-21370 |
PRP |
denotes |
it |
T12866 |
21371-21375 |
VBD |
denotes |
took |
T12867 |
21376-21378 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T12868 |
21379-21383 |
VB |
denotes |
turn |
T12869 |
21384-21390 |
RB |
denotes |
around |
T12870 |
21391-21394 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T12871 |
21395-21400 |
VB |
denotes |
climb |
T12872 |
21401-21403 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T12873 |
21404-21407 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T12874 |
21408-21411 |
NN |
denotes |
top |
T12875 |
21412-21414 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T12876 |
21415-21417 |
CD |
denotes |
60 |
T12877 |
21417-21418 |
NN |
denotes |
° |
T12878 |
21436-21443 |
NNS |
denotes |
screens |
T12879 |
21419-21422 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T12880 |
21423-21425 |
CD |
denotes |
90 |
T12881 |
21425-21426 |
NN |
denotes |
° |
T12882 |
21427-21435 |
VBN |
denotes |
inclined |
T12883 |
21443-21445 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T12884 |
21445-21448 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T12885 |
21449-21460 |
NNS |
denotes |
differences |
T12886 |
21461-21463 |
IN |
denotes |
on |
T12887 |
21464-21467 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T12888 |
21484-21488 |
NN |
denotes |
test |
T12889 |
21468-21476 |
VBN |
denotes |
inverted |
T12890 |
21477-21483 |
NN |
denotes |
screen |
T12891 |
21497-21501 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T12892 |
21557-21561 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T12893 |
21502-21510 |
JJ |
denotes |
impaired |
T12894 |
21511-21519 |
NN |
denotes |
strength |
T12895 |
21520-21526 |
RB |
denotes |
rather |
T12896 |
21527-21531 |
IN |
denotes |
than |
T12897 |
21532-21540 |
NNS |
denotes |
deficits |
T12898 |
21541-21543 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T12899 |
21544-21556 |
NN |
denotes |
coordination |
T12900 |
21562-21573 |
JJ |
denotes |
responsible |
T12901 |
21574-21577 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T12902 |
21578-21583 |
DT |
denotes |
these |
T12903 |
21584-21595 |
NNS |
denotes |
differences |
T12904 |
21595-21596 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T12905 |
21596-21701 |
sentence |
denotes |
To further evaluate the skeletal muscle phenotype, exercise capacity was assessed in the PGC-1α−/− mice. |
T12906 |
21597-21599 |
TO |
denotes |
To |
T12907 |
21608-21616 |
VB |
denotes |
evaluate |
T12908 |
21600-21607 |
RB |
denotes |
further |
T12909 |
21670-21678 |
VBN |
denotes |
assessed |
T12910 |
21617-21620 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T12911 |
21637-21646 |
NN |
denotes |
phenotype |
T12912 |
21621-21629 |
JJ |
denotes |
skeletal |
T12913 |
21630-21636 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T12914 |
21646-21648 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T12915 |
21648-21656 |
NN |
denotes |
exercise |
T12916 |
21657-21665 |
NN |
denotes |
capacity |
T12917 |
21666-21669 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T12918 |
21679-21681 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T12919 |
21682-21685 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T12920 |
21696-21700 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T12921 |
21686-21689 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T12922 |
21690-21692 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T12923 |
21689-21690 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T12924 |
21692-21693 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T12925 |
21693-21694 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T12926 |
21694-21695 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T12927 |
21700-21701 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T12928 |
21701-21817 |
sentence |
denotes |
To this end, the PGC-1α−/− mice were exercised on a motorized treadmill apparatus using a run-to-exhaustion format. |
T12929 |
21702-21704 |
IN |
denotes |
To |
T12930 |
21739-21748 |
VBN |
denotes |
exercised |
T12931 |
21705-21709 |
DT |
denotes |
this |
T12932 |
21710-21713 |
NN |
denotes |
end |
T12933 |
21713-21715 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T12934 |
21715-21718 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T12935 |
21729-21733 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T12936 |
21719-21722 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T12937 |
21723-21725 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T12938 |
21722-21723 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T12939 |
21725-21726 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T12940 |
21726-21727 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T12941 |
21727-21728 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T12942 |
21734-21738 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T12943 |
21749-21751 |
IN |
denotes |
on |
T12944 |
21752-21753 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T12945 |
21774-21783 |
NN |
denotes |
apparatus |
T12946 |
21754-21763 |
VBN |
denotes |
motorized |
T12947 |
21764-21773 |
NN |
denotes |
treadmill |
T12948 |
21784-21789 |
VBG |
denotes |
using |
T12949 |
21790-21791 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T12950 |
21810-21816 |
NN |
denotes |
format |
T12951 |
21792-21795 |
VB |
denotes |
run |
T12952 |
21795-21796 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T12953 |
21796-21798 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T12954 |
21798-21799 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T12955 |
21799-21809 |
NN |
denotes |
exhaustion |
T12956 |
21816-21817 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T12957 |
21817-21994 |
sentence |
denotes |
PGC-1α−/− mice (6–8 mo of age) exhibited a markedly reduced capacity to sustain running exercise (PGC-1α−/− mice, 64 ± 6 s; age-matched PGC-1α+/+ mice, 586 ± 104 s; Figure 4B). |
T12958 |
21818-21821 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T12959 |
21822-21824 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T12960 |
21821-21822 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T12961 |
21828-21832 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T12962 |
21824-21825 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T12963 |
21825-21826 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T12964 |
21826-21827 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T12965 |
21849-21858 |
VBD |
denotes |
exhibited |
T12966 |
21833-21834 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T12967 |
21834-21835 |
CD |
denotes |
6 |
T12968 |
21836-21837 |
CD |
denotes |
8 |
T12969 |
21835-21836 |
SYM |
denotes |
– |
T12970 |
21838-21840 |
NN |
denotes |
mo |
T12971 |
21841-21843 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T12972 |
21844-21847 |
NN |
denotes |
age |
T12973 |
21847-21848 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T12974 |
21859-21860 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T12975 |
21878-21886 |
NN |
denotes |
capacity |
T12976 |
21861-21869 |
RB |
denotes |
markedly |
T12977 |
21870-21877 |
JJ |
denotes |
reduced |
T12978 |
21887-21889 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T12979 |
21890-21897 |
VB |
denotes |
sustain |
T12980 |
21898-21905 |
NN |
denotes |
running |
T12981 |
21906-21914 |
NN |
denotes |
exercise |
T12982 |
21915-21916 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T12983 |
21990-21992 |
NN |
denotes |
4B |
T12984 |
21916-21919 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T12985 |
21920-21922 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T12986 |
21919-21920 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T12987 |
21926-21930 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T12988 |
21922-21923 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T12989 |
21923-21924 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T12990 |
21924-21925 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T12991 |
21939-21940 |
NN |
denotes |
s |
T12992 |
21930-21932 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T12993 |
21932-21934 |
CD |
denotes |
64 |
T12994 |
21937-21938 |
CD |
denotes |
6 |
T12995 |
21935-21936 |
SYM |
denotes |
± |
T12996 |
21940-21941 |
: |
denotes |
; |
T12997 |
21942-21945 |
NN |
denotes |
age |
T12998 |
21946-21953 |
VBN |
denotes |
matched |
T12999 |
21945-21946 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T13000 |
21964-21968 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T13001 |
21954-21957 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T13002 |
21958-21960 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T13003 |
21957-21958 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T13004 |
21960-21961 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T13005 |
21961-21962 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T13006 |
21962-21963 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T13007 |
21980-21981 |
NN |
denotes |
s |
T13008 |
21968-21970 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T13009 |
21970-21973 |
CD |
denotes |
586 |
T13010 |
21976-21979 |
CD |
denotes |
104 |
T13011 |
21974-21975 |
SYM |
denotes |
± |
T13012 |
21981-21982 |
: |
denotes |
; |
T13013 |
21983-21989 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T13014 |
21992-21993 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T13015 |
21993-21994 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T13016 |
21994-22095 |
sentence |
denotes |
The same result was obtained with younger PGC-1α−/− mice, i.e., at 3.5 mo of age (unpublished data). |
T13017 |
21995-21998 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T13018 |
22004-22010 |
NN |
denotes |
result |
T13019 |
21999-22003 |
JJ |
denotes |
same |
T13020 |
22015-22023 |
VBN |
denotes |
obtained |
T13021 |
22011-22014 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T13022 |
22024-22028 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T13023 |
22029-22036 |
JJR |
denotes |
younger |
T13024 |
22047-22051 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T13025 |
22037-22040 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T13026 |
22041-22043 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T13027 |
22040-22041 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T13028 |
22043-22044 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T13029 |
22044-22045 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T13030 |
22045-22046 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T13031 |
22051-22053 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T13032 |
22053-22057 |
FW |
denotes |
i.e. |
T13033 |
22059-22061 |
IN |
denotes |
at |
T13034 |
22057-22059 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T13035 |
22062-22065 |
CD |
denotes |
3.5 |
T13036 |
22066-22068 |
NN |
denotes |
mo |
T13037 |
22069-22071 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T13038 |
22072-22075 |
NN |
denotes |
age |
T13039 |
22076-22077 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T13040 |
22089-22093 |
NNS |
denotes |
data |
T13041 |
22077-22088 |
JJ |
denotes |
unpublished |
T13042 |
22093-22094 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T13043 |
22094-22095 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T13044 |
22095-22321 |
sentence |
denotes |
To quantify aerobic exercise capacity, VO2max (maximum oxygen consumption, measured in milliliters of oxygen per kilogram of body weight per minute) was measured with the treadmill-running protocol using indirect calorimetry. |
T13045 |
22096-22098 |
TO |
denotes |
To |
T13046 |
22099-22107 |
VB |
denotes |
quantify |
T13047 |
22249-22257 |
VBN |
denotes |
measured |
T13048 |
22108-22115 |
JJ |
denotes |
aerobic |
T13049 |
22125-22133 |
NN |
denotes |
capacity |
T13050 |
22116-22124 |
NN |
denotes |
exercise |
T13051 |
22133-22135 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T13052 |
22135-22141 |
NN |
denotes |
VO2max |
T13053 |
22142-22143 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T13054 |
22143-22150 |
NN |
denotes |
maximum |
T13055 |
22158-22169 |
NN |
denotes |
consumption |
T13056 |
22151-22157 |
NN |
denotes |
oxygen |
T13057 |
22169-22171 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T13058 |
22171-22179 |
VBN |
denotes |
measured |
T13059 |
22180-22182 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T13060 |
22183-22194 |
NNS |
denotes |
milliliters |
T13061 |
22195-22197 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T13062 |
22198-22204 |
NN |
denotes |
oxygen |
T13063 |
22205-22208 |
IN |
denotes |
per |
T13064 |
22209-22217 |
NN |
denotes |
kilogram |
T13065 |
22218-22220 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T13066 |
22221-22225 |
NN |
denotes |
body |
T13067 |
22226-22232 |
NN |
denotes |
weight |
T13068 |
22233-22236 |
IN |
denotes |
per |
T13069 |
22237-22243 |
NN |
denotes |
minute |
T13070 |
22243-22244 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T13071 |
22245-22248 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T13072 |
22258-22262 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T13073 |
22263-22266 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T13074 |
22285-22293 |
NN |
denotes |
protocol |
T13075 |
22267-22276 |
NN |
denotes |
treadmill |
T13076 |
22276-22277 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T13077 |
22277-22284 |
VBG |
denotes |
running |
T13078 |
22294-22299 |
VBG |
denotes |
using |
T13079 |
22300-22308 |
JJ |
denotes |
indirect |
T13080 |
22309-22320 |
NN |
denotes |
calorimetry |
T13081 |
22320-22321 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T13082 |
22321-22489 |
sentence |
denotes |
VO2max was significantly lower for the PGC-1α−/− mice (120.9 ± 2.0 ml O2 · kg−1 · min−1) compared to PGC-1α+/+ controls (141.6 ± 2.1 ml O2 · kg−1 · min−1) (Figure 4B). |
T13083 |
22322-22328 |
NN |
denotes |
VO2max |
T13084 |
22329-22332 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T13085 |
22333-22346 |
RB |
denotes |
significantly |
T13086 |
22347-22352 |
JJR |
denotes |
lower |
T13087 |
22353-22356 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T13088 |
22357-22360 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T13089 |
22371-22375 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T13090 |
22361-22364 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T13091 |
22365-22367 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T13092 |
22364-22365 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T13093 |
22367-22368 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T13094 |
22368-22369 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T13095 |
22369-22370 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T13096 |
22376-22377 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T13097 |
22392-22394 |
NN |
denotes |
O2 |
T13098 |
22377-22382 |
CD |
denotes |
120.9 |
T13099 |
22385-22388 |
CD |
denotes |
2.0 |
T13100 |
22383-22384 |
SYM |
denotes |
± |
T13101 |
22389-22391 |
NN |
denotes |
ml |
T13102 |
22395-22396 |
SYM |
denotes |
· |
T13103 |
22397-22399 |
NN |
denotes |
kg |
T13104 |
22399-22400 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T13105 |
22400-22401 |
CD |
denotes |
1 |
T13106 |
22402-22403 |
SYM |
denotes |
· |
T13107 |
22404-22407 |
NN |
denotes |
min |
T13108 |
22407-22408 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T13109 |
22408-22409 |
CD |
denotes |
1 |
T13110 |
22409-22410 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T13111 |
22411-22419 |
VBN |
denotes |
compared |
T13112 |
22420-22422 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T13113 |
22423-22426 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T13114 |
22427-22429 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T13115 |
22426-22427 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T13116 |
22433-22441 |
NNS |
denotes |
controls |
T13117 |
22429-22430 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T13118 |
22430-22431 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T13119 |
22431-22432 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T13120 |
22442-22443 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T13121 |
22458-22460 |
NN |
denotes |
O2 |
T13122 |
22443-22448 |
CD |
denotes |
141.6 |
T13123 |
22451-22454 |
CD |
denotes |
2.1 |
T13124 |
22449-22450 |
SYM |
denotes |
± |
T13125 |
22455-22457 |
NN |
denotes |
ml |
T13126 |
22461-22462 |
SYM |
denotes |
· |
T13127 |
22463-22465 |
NN |
denotes |
kg |
T13128 |
22465-22466 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T13129 |
22466-22467 |
CD |
denotes |
1 |
T13130 |
22468-22469 |
SYM |
denotes |
· |
T13131 |
22470-22473 |
NN |
denotes |
min |
T13132 |
22473-22474 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T13133 |
22474-22475 |
CD |
denotes |
1 |
T13134 |
22475-22476 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T13135 |
22477-22478 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T13136 |
22485-22487 |
NN |
denotes |
4B |
T13137 |
22478-22484 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T13138 |
22487-22488 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T13139 |
22488-22489 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T13140 |
22489-22618 |
sentence |
denotes |
To directly evaluate muscle fatigability, the force response to repetitive stimulation of isolated soleus muscle was determined. |
T13141 |
22490-22492 |
TO |
denotes |
To |
T13142 |
22502-22510 |
VB |
denotes |
evaluate |
T13143 |
22493-22501 |
RB |
denotes |
directly |
T13144 |
22607-22617 |
VBN |
denotes |
determined |
T13145 |
22511-22517 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T13146 |
22518-22530 |
NN |
denotes |
fatigability |
T13147 |
22530-22532 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T13148 |
22532-22535 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T13149 |
22542-22550 |
NN |
denotes |
response |
T13150 |
22536-22541 |
NN |
denotes |
force |
T13151 |
22551-22553 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T13152 |
22554-22564 |
JJ |
denotes |
repetitive |
T13153 |
22565-22576 |
NN |
denotes |
stimulation |
T13154 |
22577-22579 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T13155 |
22580-22588 |
VBN |
denotes |
isolated |
T13156 |
22596-22602 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T13157 |
22589-22595 |
NN |
denotes |
soleus |
T13158 |
22603-22606 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T13159 |
22617-22618 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T13160 |
22618-22726 |
sentence |
denotes |
The capacity to generate force following a series of tetani is dependent upon mitochondrial ATP production. |
T13161 |
22619-22622 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T13162 |
22623-22631 |
NN |
denotes |
capacity |
T13163 |
22679-22681 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T13164 |
22632-22634 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T13165 |
22635-22643 |
VB |
denotes |
generate |
T13166 |
22644-22649 |
NN |
denotes |
force |
T13167 |
22650-22659 |
VBG |
denotes |
following |
T13168 |
22660-22661 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T13169 |
22662-22668 |
NN |
denotes |
series |
T13170 |
22669-22671 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T13171 |
22672-22678 |
NNS |
denotes |
tetani |
T13172 |
22682-22691 |
JJ |
denotes |
dependent |
T13173 |
22692-22696 |
IN |
denotes |
upon |
T13174 |
22697-22710 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T13175 |
22715-22725 |
NN |
denotes |
production |
T13176 |
22711-22714 |
NN |
denotes |
ATP |
T13177 |
22725-22726 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T13178 |
22726-22886 |
sentence |
denotes |
During the initial phase of the stimulation period, there was no difference in force generation in muscles isolated from PGC-1α−/− mice and PGC-1α+/+ controls. |
T13179 |
22727-22733 |
IN |
denotes |
During |
T13180 |
22785-22788 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T13181 |
22734-22737 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T13182 |
22746-22751 |
NN |
denotes |
phase |
T13183 |
22738-22745 |
JJ |
denotes |
initial |
T13184 |
22752-22754 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T13185 |
22755-22758 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T13186 |
22771-22777 |
NN |
denotes |
period |
T13187 |
22759-22770 |
NN |
denotes |
stimulation |
T13188 |
22777-22779 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T13189 |
22779-22784 |
EX |
denotes |
there |
T13190 |
22789-22791 |
DT |
denotes |
no |
T13191 |
22792-22802 |
NN |
denotes |
difference |
T13192 |
22803-22805 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T13193 |
22806-22811 |
NN |
denotes |
force |
T13194 |
22812-22822 |
NN |
denotes |
generation |
T13195 |
22823-22825 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T13196 |
22826-22833 |
NNS |
denotes |
muscles |
T13197 |
22834-22842 |
VBN |
denotes |
isolated |
T13198 |
22843-22847 |
IN |
denotes |
from |
T13199 |
22848-22851 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T13200 |
22852-22854 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T13201 |
22851-22852 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T13202 |
22858-22862 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T13203 |
22854-22855 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T13204 |
22855-22856 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T13205 |
22856-22857 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T13206 |
22863-22866 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T13207 |
22867-22870 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T13208 |
22871-22873 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T13209 |
22870-22871 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T13210 |
22877-22885 |
NNS |
denotes |
controls |
T13211 |
22873-22874 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T13212 |
22874-22875 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T13213 |
22875-22876 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T13214 |
22885-22886 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T13215 |
22886-23141 |
sentence |
denotes |
However, fatigue resistance index, defined as the percent of initial force generated following a 2-min series of fatiguing contractions, was significantly lower in the PGC-1α−/− mice (14.6 ± 1.5%) compared to PGC-1α+/+ controls (24.8 ± 2.9%) (Figure 4C). |
T13216 |
22887-22894 |
RB |
denotes |
However |
T13217 |
23024-23027 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T13218 |
22894-22896 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T13219 |
22896-22903 |
NN |
denotes |
fatigue |
T13220 |
22904-22914 |
NN |
denotes |
resistance |
T13221 |
22915-22920 |
NN |
denotes |
index |
T13222 |
22920-22922 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T13223 |
22922-22929 |
VBN |
denotes |
defined |
T13224 |
22930-22932 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T13225 |
22933-22936 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T13226 |
22937-22944 |
NN |
denotes |
percent |
T13227 |
22945-22947 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T13228 |
22948-22955 |
JJ |
denotes |
initial |
T13229 |
22956-22961 |
NN |
denotes |
force |
T13230 |
22962-22971 |
VBN |
denotes |
generated |
T13231 |
22972-22981 |
VBG |
denotes |
following |
T13232 |
22982-22983 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T13233 |
22990-22996 |
NN |
denotes |
series |
T13234 |
22984-22985 |
CD |
denotes |
2 |
T13235 |
22986-22989 |
NN |
denotes |
min |
T13236 |
22985-22986 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T13237 |
22997-22999 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T13238 |
23000-23009 |
VBG |
denotes |
fatiguing |
T13239 |
23010-23022 |
NNS |
denotes |
contractions |
T13240 |
23022-23024 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T13241 |
23028-23041 |
RB |
denotes |
significantly |
T13242 |
23042-23047 |
JJR |
denotes |
lower |
T13243 |
23048-23050 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T13244 |
23051-23054 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T13245 |
23065-23069 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T13246 |
23055-23058 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T13247 |
23059-23061 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T13248 |
23058-23059 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T13249 |
23061-23062 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T13250 |
23062-23063 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T13251 |
23063-23064 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T13252 |
23070-23071 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T13253 |
23081-23082 |
NN |
denotes |
% |
T13254 |
23071-23075 |
CD |
denotes |
14.6 |
T13255 |
23078-23081 |
CD |
denotes |
1.5 |
T13256 |
23076-23077 |
SYM |
denotes |
± |
T13257 |
23082-23083 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T13258 |
23084-23092 |
VBN |
denotes |
compared |
T13259 |
23093-23095 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T13260 |
23096-23099 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T13261 |
23100-23102 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T13262 |
23099-23100 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T13263 |
23106-23114 |
NNS |
denotes |
controls |
T13264 |
23102-23103 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T13265 |
23103-23104 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T13266 |
23104-23105 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T13267 |
23115-23116 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T13268 |
23126-23127 |
NN |
denotes |
% |
T13269 |
23116-23120 |
CD |
denotes |
24.8 |
T13270 |
23123-23126 |
CD |
denotes |
2.9 |
T13271 |
23121-23122 |
SYM |
denotes |
± |
T13272 |
23127-23128 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T13273 |
23129-23130 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T13274 |
23137-23139 |
NN |
denotes |
4C |
T13275 |
23130-23136 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T13276 |
23139-23140 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T13277 |
23140-23141 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T13278 |
23141-23357 |
sentence |
denotes |
These results, together with the observed abnormalities in skeletal muscle mitochondrial structure and function, indicate that PGC-1α is necessary for functional adaptation of skeletal muscle to physiologic demands. |
T13279 |
23142-23147 |
DT |
denotes |
These |
T13280 |
23148-23155 |
NNS |
denotes |
results |
T13281 |
23255-23263 |
VBP |
denotes |
indicate |
T13282 |
23155-23157 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T13283 |
23157-23165 |
RB |
denotes |
together |
T13284 |
23166-23170 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T13285 |
23171-23174 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T13286 |
23184-23197 |
NNS |
denotes |
abnormalities |
T13287 |
23175-23183 |
VBN |
denotes |
observed |
T13288 |
23198-23200 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T13289 |
23201-23209 |
JJ |
denotes |
skeletal |
T13290 |
23231-23240 |
NN |
denotes |
structure |
T13291 |
23210-23216 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T13292 |
23217-23230 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T13293 |
23241-23244 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T13294 |
23245-23253 |
NN |
denotes |
function |
T13295 |
23253-23255 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T13296 |
23264-23268 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T13297 |
23276-23278 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T13298 |
23269-23272 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T13299 |
23273-23275 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T13300 |
23272-23273 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T13301 |
23279-23288 |
JJ |
denotes |
necessary |
T13302 |
23289-23292 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T13303 |
23293-23303 |
JJ |
denotes |
functional |
T13304 |
23304-23314 |
NN |
denotes |
adaptation |
T13305 |
23315-23317 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T13306 |
23318-23326 |
JJ |
denotes |
skeletal |
T13307 |
23327-23333 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T13308 |
23334-23336 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T13309 |
23337-23348 |
JJ |
denotes |
physiologic |
T13310 |
23349-23356 |
NNS |
denotes |
demands |
T13311 |
23356-23357 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T15167 |
23359-23369 |
JJ |
denotes |
Functional |
T15168 |
23370-23383 |
NNS |
denotes |
Abnormalities |
T15169 |
23384-23386 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T15170 |
23387-23393 |
NNS |
denotes |
Hearts |
T15171 |
23394-23396 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T15172 |
23397-23400 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T15173 |
23401-23403 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T15174 |
23400-23401 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T15175 |
23407-23411 |
NNS |
denotes |
Mice |
T15176 |
23403-23404 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T15177 |
23404-23405 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T15178 |
23405-23406 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T15179 |
23411-23598 |
sentence |
denotes |
PGC-1α expression is enriched in heart, a tissue that relies heavily on mitochondrial energy metabolism to maintain pump function throughout the postnatal life of the mammalian organism. |
T15180 |
23412-23415 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T15181 |
23416-23418 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T15182 |
23415-23416 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T15183 |
23419-23429 |
NN |
denotes |
expression |
T15184 |
23433-23441 |
VBN |
denotes |
enriched |
T15185 |
23430-23432 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T15186 |
23442-23444 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T15187 |
23445-23450 |
NN |
denotes |
heart |
T15188 |
23450-23452 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T15189 |
23452-23453 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T15190 |
23454-23460 |
NN |
denotes |
tissue |
T15191 |
23461-23465 |
WDT |
denotes |
that |
T15192 |
23466-23472 |
VBZ |
denotes |
relies |
T15193 |
23473-23480 |
RB |
denotes |
heavily |
T15194 |
23481-23483 |
IN |
denotes |
on |
T15195 |
23484-23497 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T15196 |
23505-23515 |
NN |
denotes |
metabolism |
T15197 |
23498-23504 |
NN |
denotes |
energy |
T15198 |
23516-23518 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T15199 |
23519-23527 |
VB |
denotes |
maintain |
T15200 |
23528-23532 |
NN |
denotes |
pump |
T15201 |
23533-23541 |
NN |
denotes |
function |
T15202 |
23542-23552 |
IN |
denotes |
throughout |
T15203 |
23553-23556 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T15204 |
23567-23571 |
NN |
denotes |
life |
T15205 |
23557-23566 |
JJ |
denotes |
postnatal |
T15206 |
23572-23574 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T15207 |
23575-23578 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T15208 |
23589-23597 |
NN |
denotes |
organism |
T15209 |
23579-23588 |
JJ |
denotes |
mammalian |
T15210 |
23597-23598 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T15211 |
23598-23795 |
sentence |
denotes |
Echocardiographic screening studies of PGC-1α−/− mice at ages 4–6 mo did not reveal any significant differences in chamber sizes or ventricular function compared to WT controls (unpublished data). |
T15212 |
23599-23616 |
JJ |
denotes |
Echocardiographic |
T15213 |
23627-23634 |
NNS |
denotes |
studies |
T15214 |
23617-23626 |
NN |
denotes |
screening |
T15215 |
23676-23682 |
VB |
denotes |
reveal |
T15216 |
23635-23637 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T15217 |
23638-23641 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T15218 |
23642-23644 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T15219 |
23641-23642 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T15220 |
23648-23652 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T15221 |
23644-23645 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T15222 |
23645-23646 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T15223 |
23646-23647 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T15224 |
23653-23655 |
IN |
denotes |
at |
T15225 |
23656-23660 |
NNS |
denotes |
ages |
T15226 |
23665-23667 |
NN |
denotes |
mo |
T15227 |
23661-23662 |
CD |
denotes |
4 |
T15228 |
23663-23664 |
CD |
denotes |
6 |
T15229 |
23662-23663 |
SYM |
denotes |
– |
T15230 |
23668-23671 |
VBD |
denotes |
did |
T15231 |
23672-23675 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T15232 |
23683-23686 |
DT |
denotes |
any |
T15233 |
23699-23710 |
NNS |
denotes |
differences |
T15234 |
23687-23698 |
JJ |
denotes |
significant |
T15235 |
23711-23713 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T15236 |
23714-23721 |
NN |
denotes |
chamber |
T15237 |
23722-23727 |
NNS |
denotes |
sizes |
T15238 |
23728-23730 |
CC |
denotes |
or |
T15239 |
23731-23742 |
JJ |
denotes |
ventricular |
T15240 |
23743-23751 |
NN |
denotes |
function |
T15241 |
23752-23760 |
VBN |
denotes |
compared |
T15242 |
23761-23763 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T15243 |
23764-23766 |
NN |
denotes |
WT |
T15244 |
23767-23775 |
NNS |
denotes |
controls |
T15245 |
23776-23777 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T15246 |
23789-23793 |
NNS |
denotes |
data |
T15247 |
23777-23788 |
JJ |
denotes |
unpublished |
T15248 |
23793-23794 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T15249 |
23794-23795 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T15250 |
23795-23905 |
sentence |
denotes |
Cardiac functional and metabolic reserve was evaluated using exercise echocardiographic stress testing (EST). |
T15251 |
23796-23803 |
JJ |
denotes |
Cardiac |
T15252 |
23804-23814 |
JJ |
denotes |
functional |
T15253 |
23829-23836 |
NN |
denotes |
reserve |
T15254 |
23815-23818 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T15255 |
23819-23828 |
JJ |
denotes |
metabolic |
T15256 |
23841-23850 |
VBN |
denotes |
evaluated |
T15257 |
23837-23840 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T15258 |
23851-23856 |
VBG |
denotes |
using |
T15259 |
23857-23865 |
NN |
denotes |
exercise |
T15260 |
23891-23898 |
NN |
denotes |
testing |
T15261 |
23866-23883 |
JJ |
denotes |
echocardiographic |
T15262 |
23884-23890 |
NN |
denotes |
stress |
T15263 |
23899-23900 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T15264 |
23900-23903 |
NN |
denotes |
EST |
T15265 |
23903-23904 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T15266 |
23904-23905 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T15267 |
23905-24145 |
sentence |
denotes |
Given that the exercise capacity of PGC-1α−/− mice is diminished, a series of preliminary treadmill exercise studies were performed to define a reasonable exercise duration for run-to-exhaustion to be used as a target duration for the EST. |
T15268 |
23906-23911 |
VBN |
denotes |
Given |
T15269 |
24028-24037 |
VBN |
denotes |
performed |
T15270 |
23912-23916 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T15271 |
23960-23970 |
VBN |
denotes |
diminished |
T15272 |
23917-23920 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T15273 |
23930-23938 |
NN |
denotes |
capacity |
T15274 |
23921-23929 |
NN |
denotes |
exercise |
T15275 |
23939-23941 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T15276 |
23942-23945 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T15277 |
23946-23948 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T15278 |
23945-23946 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T15279 |
23952-23956 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T15280 |
23948-23949 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T15281 |
23949-23950 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T15282 |
23950-23951 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T15283 |
23957-23959 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T15284 |
23970-23972 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T15285 |
23972-23973 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T15286 |
23974-23980 |
NN |
denotes |
series |
T15287 |
23981-23983 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T15288 |
23984-23995 |
JJ |
denotes |
preliminary |
T15289 |
24015-24022 |
NNS |
denotes |
studies |
T15290 |
23996-24005 |
NN |
denotes |
treadmill |
T15291 |
24006-24014 |
NN |
denotes |
exercise |
T15292 |
24023-24027 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T15293 |
24038-24040 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T15294 |
24041-24047 |
VB |
denotes |
define |
T15295 |
24048-24049 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T15296 |
24070-24078 |
NN |
denotes |
duration |
T15297 |
24050-24060 |
JJ |
denotes |
reasonable |
T15298 |
24061-24069 |
NN |
denotes |
exercise |
T15299 |
24079-24082 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T15300 |
24083-24086 |
VB |
denotes |
run |
T15301 |
24107-24111 |
VBN |
denotes |
used |
T15302 |
24086-24087 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T15303 |
24087-24089 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T15304 |
24089-24090 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T15305 |
24090-24100 |
NN |
denotes |
exhaustion |
T15306 |
24101-24103 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T15307 |
24104-24106 |
VB |
denotes |
be |
T15308 |
24112-24114 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T15309 |
24115-24116 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T15310 |
24124-24132 |
NN |
denotes |
duration |
T15311 |
24117-24123 |
NN |
denotes |
target |
T15312 |
24133-24136 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T15313 |
24137-24140 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T15314 |
24141-24144 |
NN |
denotes |
EST |
T15315 |
24144-24145 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T15316 |
24145-24355 |
sentence |
denotes |
Based on the results of these studies, an EST regimen was performed in which PGC-1α+/+ control animals were exercised for a duration of 60 s to match the predicted average for the PGC-1α−/− mice (ages 6–8 mo). |
T15317 |
24146-24151 |
VBN |
denotes |
Based |
T15318 |
24204-24213 |
VBN |
denotes |
performed |
T15319 |
24152-24154 |
IN |
denotes |
on |
T15320 |
24155-24158 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T15321 |
24159-24166 |
NNS |
denotes |
results |
T15322 |
24167-24169 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T15323 |
24170-24175 |
DT |
denotes |
these |
T15324 |
24176-24183 |
NNS |
denotes |
studies |
T15325 |
24183-24185 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T15326 |
24185-24187 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T15327 |
24192-24199 |
NN |
denotes |
regimen |
T15328 |
24188-24191 |
NN |
denotes |
EST |
T15329 |
24200-24203 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T15330 |
24214-24216 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T15331 |
24254-24263 |
VBN |
denotes |
exercised |
T15332 |
24217-24222 |
WDT |
denotes |
which |
T15333 |
24223-24226 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T15334 |
24227-24229 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T15335 |
24226-24227 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T15336 |
24241-24248 |
NNS |
denotes |
animals |
T15337 |
24229-24230 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T15338 |
24230-24231 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T15339 |
24231-24232 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T15340 |
24233-24240 |
NN |
denotes |
control |
T15341 |
24249-24253 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T15342 |
24264-24267 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T15343 |
24268-24269 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T15344 |
24270-24278 |
NN |
denotes |
duration |
T15345 |
24279-24281 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T15346 |
24282-24284 |
CD |
denotes |
60 |
T15347 |
24285-24286 |
NN |
denotes |
s |
T15348 |
24287-24289 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T15349 |
24290-24295 |
VB |
denotes |
match |
T15350 |
24296-24299 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T15351 |
24310-24317 |
NN |
denotes |
average |
T15352 |
24300-24309 |
VBN |
denotes |
predicted |
T15353 |
24318-24321 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T15354 |
24322-24325 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T15355 |
24336-24340 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T15356 |
24326-24329 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T15357 |
24330-24332 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T15358 |
24329-24330 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T15359 |
24332-24333 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T15360 |
24333-24334 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T15361 |
24334-24335 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T15362 |
24341-24342 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T15363 |
24351-24353 |
NN |
denotes |
mo |
T15364 |
24342-24346 |
NNS |
denotes |
ages |
T15365 |
24347-24348 |
CD |
denotes |
6 |
T15366 |
24349-24350 |
CD |
denotes |
8 |
T15367 |
24348-24349 |
SYM |
denotes |
– |
T15368 |
24353-24354 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T15369 |
24354-24355 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T15370 |
24355-24543 |
sentence |
denotes |
Echocardiographic images were obtained immediately following 60 s of exercise for the PGC-1α+/+ controls or at the point of exhaustion for PGC-1α−/− mice (mean 60 ± 6.1 s, range 45–90 s). |
T15371 |
24356-24373 |
JJ |
denotes |
Echocardiographic |
T15372 |
24374-24380 |
NNS |
denotes |
images |
T15373 |
24386-24394 |
VBN |
denotes |
obtained |
T15374 |
24381-24385 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T15375 |
24395-24406 |
RB |
denotes |
immediately |
T15376 |
24407-24416 |
VBG |
denotes |
following |
T15377 |
24417-24419 |
CD |
denotes |
60 |
T15378 |
24420-24421 |
NN |
denotes |
s |
T15379 |
24422-24424 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T15380 |
24425-24433 |
NN |
denotes |
exercise |
T15381 |
24434-24437 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T15382 |
24438-24441 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T15383 |
24452-24460 |
NNS |
denotes |
controls |
T15384 |
24442-24445 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T15385 |
24446-24448 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T15386 |
24445-24446 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T15387 |
24448-24449 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T15388 |
24449-24450 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T15389 |
24450-24451 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T15390 |
24461-24463 |
CC |
denotes |
or |
T15391 |
24464-24466 |
IN |
denotes |
at |
T15392 |
24467-24470 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T15393 |
24471-24476 |
NN |
denotes |
point |
T15394 |
24477-24479 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T15395 |
24480-24490 |
NN |
denotes |
exhaustion |
T15396 |
24491-24494 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T15397 |
24495-24498 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T15398 |
24499-24501 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T15399 |
24498-24499 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T15400 |
24505-24509 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T15401 |
24501-24502 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T15402 |
24502-24503 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T15403 |
24503-24504 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T15404 |
24510-24511 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T15405 |
24540-24541 |
NN |
denotes |
s |
T15406 |
24511-24515 |
NN |
denotes |
mean |
T15407 |
24525-24526 |
NN |
denotes |
s |
T15408 |
24516-24518 |
CD |
denotes |
60 |
T15409 |
24521-24524 |
CD |
denotes |
6.1 |
T15410 |
24519-24520 |
SYM |
denotes |
± |
T15411 |
24526-24528 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T15412 |
24528-24533 |
NN |
denotes |
range |
T15413 |
24534-24536 |
CD |
denotes |
45 |
T15414 |
24537-24539 |
CD |
denotes |
90 |
T15415 |
24536-24537 |
SYM |
denotes |
– |
T15416 |
24541-24542 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T15417 |
24542-24543 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T15418 |
24543-24690 |
sentence |
denotes |
Echocardiographic-determined left ventricular fractional shortening and heart rate were monitored for the 10-min period immediately post exercise. |
T15419 |
24544-24561 |
JJ |
denotes |
Echocardiographic |
T15420 |
24562-24572 |
VBN |
denotes |
determined |
T15421 |
24561-24562 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T15422 |
24601-24611 |
NN |
denotes |
shortening |
T15423 |
24573-24577 |
JJ |
denotes |
left |
T15424 |
24590-24600 |
JJ |
denotes |
fractional |
T15425 |
24578-24589 |
JJ |
denotes |
ventricular |
T15426 |
24632-24641 |
VBN |
denotes |
monitored |
T15427 |
24612-24615 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T15428 |
24616-24621 |
NN |
denotes |
heart |
T15429 |
24622-24626 |
NN |
denotes |
rate |
T15430 |
24627-24631 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T15431 |
24642-24645 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T15432 |
24646-24649 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T15433 |
24657-24663 |
NN |
denotes |
period |
T15434 |
24650-24652 |
CD |
denotes |
10 |
T15435 |
24653-24656 |
NN |
denotes |
min |
T15436 |
24652-24653 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T15437 |
24664-24675 |
RB |
denotes |
immediately |
T15438 |
24676-24680 |
IN |
denotes |
post |
T15439 |
24681-24689 |
NN |
denotes |
exercise |
T15440 |
24689-24690 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T15441 |
24690-24812 |
sentence |
denotes |
The mean heart rate of the PGC-1α−/− mice exhibited an inappropriate decline during the post exercise period (Figure 5A). |
T15442 |
24691-24694 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T15443 |
24706-24710 |
NN |
denotes |
rate |
T15444 |
24695-24699 |
JJ |
denotes |
mean |
T15445 |
24700-24705 |
NN |
denotes |
heart |
T15446 |
24733-24742 |
VBD |
denotes |
exhibited |
T15447 |
24711-24713 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T15448 |
24714-24717 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T15449 |
24728-24732 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T15450 |
24718-24721 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T15451 |
24722-24724 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T15452 |
24721-24722 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T15453 |
24724-24725 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T15454 |
24725-24726 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T15455 |
24726-24727 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T15456 |
24743-24745 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T15457 |
24760-24767 |
NN |
denotes |
decline |
T15458 |
24746-24759 |
JJ |
denotes |
inappropriate |
T15459 |
24768-24774 |
IN |
denotes |
during |
T15460 |
24775-24778 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T15461 |
24793-24799 |
NN |
denotes |
period |
T15462 |
24779-24783 |
JJ |
denotes |
post |
T15463 |
24784-24792 |
NN |
denotes |
exercise |
T15464 |
24800-24801 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T15465 |
24808-24810 |
NN |
denotes |
5A |
T15466 |
24801-24807 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T15467 |
24810-24811 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T15468 |
24811-24812 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T15469 |
24812-25025 |
sentence |
denotes |
In addition, echocardiographically determined left ventricular fractional shortening was decreased in the PGC-1α−/− mice, but not the PGC-1α+/+ mice during the first 4 min of the post exercise period (Figure 5A). |
T15470 |
24813-24815 |
IN |
denotes |
In |
T15471 |
24902-24911 |
VBN |
denotes |
decreased |
T15472 |
24816-24824 |
NN |
denotes |
addition |
T15473 |
24824-24826 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T15474 |
24826-24847 |
RB |
denotes |
echocardiographically |
T15475 |
24848-24858 |
VBN |
denotes |
determined |
T15476 |
24887-24897 |
NN |
denotes |
shortening |
T15477 |
24859-24863 |
JJ |
denotes |
left |
T15478 |
24864-24875 |
JJ |
denotes |
ventricular |
T15479 |
24876-24886 |
JJ |
denotes |
fractional |
T15480 |
24898-24901 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T15481 |
24912-24914 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T15482 |
24915-24918 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T15483 |
24929-24933 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T15484 |
24919-24922 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T15485 |
24923-24925 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T15486 |
24922-24923 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T15487 |
24925-24926 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T15488 |
24926-24927 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T15489 |
24927-24928 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T15490 |
24933-24935 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T15491 |
24935-24938 |
CC |
denotes |
but |
T15492 |
24939-24942 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T15493 |
24943-24946 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T15494 |
24957-24961 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T15495 |
24947-24950 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T15496 |
24951-24953 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T15497 |
24950-24951 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T15498 |
24953-24954 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T15499 |
24954-24955 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T15500 |
24955-24956 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T15501 |
24962-24968 |
IN |
denotes |
during |
T15502 |
24969-24972 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T15503 |
24981-24984 |
NN |
denotes |
min |
T15504 |
24973-24978 |
JJ |
denotes |
first |
T15505 |
24979-24980 |
CD |
denotes |
4 |
T15506 |
24985-24987 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T15507 |
24988-24991 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T15508 |
25006-25012 |
NN |
denotes |
period |
T15509 |
24992-24996 |
JJ |
denotes |
post |
T15510 |
24997-25005 |
NN |
denotes |
exercise |
T15511 |
25013-25014 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T15512 |
25021-25023 |
NN |
denotes |
5A |
T15513 |
25014-25020 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T15514 |
25023-25024 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T15515 |
25024-25025 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T15516 |
25025-26358 |
sentence |
denotes |
Figure 5 Abnormal Cardiac Response to Physiologic Stress in PGC-1α−/− Mice
(A) Exercise echocardiographic studies. PGC-1α+/+ (n = 4) and PGC-1α−/− (n = 8) female mice aged 6–8 mo were subjected to an exercise protocol on a motorized treadmill. This protocol was designed such that the PGC-1α−/− mice ran to exhaustion based on the results of the exercise studies shown in Figure 4. Accordingly, an exercise regimen of 60 s was used for both groups. The graphs depict the heart rate (left graph) and echocardiographically-determined ventricular fractional shortening (FS) as a percent (right graph). Responses were monitored for 10 min immediately post exercise.
(B) In vivo hemodynamic response to the β1,α1-adrenergic agonist dobutamine. Male and female PGC-1α+/+ (n = 6) and PGC-1α−/− (n = 6) mice at 10–12 wk of age were anesthetized and a 1.4-French Millar catheter was placed through the carotid artery into the left ventricle as described in Materials and Methods. Heart rate (left graph) and a measurement of ventricular systolic performance, dP/dt (right graph), were measured following infusion of dobutamine. * p < 0.05. The results of the EST did not distinguish between a primary cardiac abnormality versus effects secondary to the exhaustion caused by reduced exercise tolerance related to skeletal muscle dysfunction. |
T15517 |
26158-26161 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T15518 |
26162-26169 |
NNS |
denotes |
results |
T15519 |
26189-26200 |
VB |
denotes |
distinguish |
T15520 |
26170-26172 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T15521 |
26173-26176 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T15522 |
26177-26180 |
NN |
denotes |
EST |
T15523 |
26181-26184 |
VBD |
denotes |
did |
T15524 |
26185-26188 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T15525 |
26201-26208 |
IN |
denotes |
between |
T15526 |
26209-26210 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T15527 |
26227-26238 |
NN |
denotes |
abnormality |
T15528 |
26211-26218 |
JJ |
denotes |
primary |
T15529 |
26219-26226 |
JJ |
denotes |
cardiac |
T15530 |
26239-26245 |
CC |
denotes |
versus |
T15531 |
26246-26253 |
NNS |
denotes |
effects |
T15532 |
26254-26263 |
JJ |
denotes |
secondary |
T15533 |
26264-26266 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T15534 |
26267-26270 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T15535 |
26271-26281 |
NN |
denotes |
exhaustion |
T15536 |
26282-26288 |
VBN |
denotes |
caused |
T15537 |
26289-26291 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T15538 |
26292-26299 |
VBN |
denotes |
reduced |
T15539 |
26309-26318 |
NN |
denotes |
tolerance |
T15540 |
26300-26308 |
NN |
denotes |
exercise |
T15541 |
26319-26326 |
VBN |
denotes |
related |
T15542 |
26327-26329 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T15543 |
26330-26338 |
JJ |
denotes |
skeletal |
T15544 |
26339-26345 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T15545 |
26346-26357 |
NN |
denotes |
dysfunction |
T15546 |
26357-26358 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T15547 |
26358-26486 |
sentence |
denotes |
To directly assess cardiac function, the hearts of PGC-1α−/− and PGC-1α+/+ mice were isolated and perfused in the working mode. |
T15548 |
26359-26361 |
TO |
denotes |
To |
T15549 |
26371-26377 |
VB |
denotes |
assess |
T15550 |
26362-26370 |
RB |
denotes |
directly |
T15551 |
26444-26452 |
VBN |
denotes |
isolated |
T15552 |
26378-26385 |
JJ |
denotes |
cardiac |
T15553 |
26386-26394 |
NN |
denotes |
function |
T15554 |
26394-26396 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T15555 |
26396-26399 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T15556 |
26400-26406 |
NNS |
denotes |
hearts |
T15557 |
26407-26409 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T15558 |
26410-26413 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T15559 |
26414-26416 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T15560 |
26413-26414 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T15561 |
26434-26438 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T15562 |
26416-26417 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T15563 |
26417-26418 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T15564 |
26418-26419 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T15565 |
26420-26423 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T15566 |
26424-26427 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T15567 |
26428-26430 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T15568 |
26427-26428 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T15569 |
26430-26431 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T15570 |
26431-26432 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T15571 |
26432-26433 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T15572 |
26439-26443 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T15573 |
26453-26456 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T15574 |
26457-26465 |
VBN |
denotes |
perfused |
T15575 |
26466-26468 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T15576 |
26469-26472 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T15577 |
26481-26485 |
NN |
denotes |
mode |
T15578 |
26473-26480 |
NN |
denotes |
working |
T15579 |
26485-26486 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T15580 |
26486-26675 |
sentence |
denotes |
Hearts isolated from PGC-1α−/− mice generated lower cardiac work (cardiac output multiplied by peak systolic pressure) compared to PGC-1α+/+ mice at identical loading conditions (Table 1). |
T15581 |
26487-26493 |
NNS |
denotes |
Hearts |
T15582 |
26523-26532 |
VBD |
denotes |
generated |
T15583 |
26494-26502 |
VBN |
denotes |
isolated |
T15584 |
26503-26507 |
IN |
denotes |
from |
T15585 |
26508-26511 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T15586 |
26512-26514 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T15587 |
26511-26512 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T15588 |
26518-26522 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T15589 |
26514-26515 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T15590 |
26515-26516 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T15591 |
26516-26517 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T15592 |
26533-26538 |
JJR |
denotes |
lower |
T15593 |
26547-26551 |
NN |
denotes |
work |
T15594 |
26539-26546 |
JJ |
denotes |
cardiac |
T15595 |
26552-26553 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T15596 |
26553-26560 |
JJ |
denotes |
cardiac |
T15597 |
26561-26567 |
NN |
denotes |
output |
T15598 |
26568-26578 |
VBN |
denotes |
multiplied |
T15599 |
26579-26581 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T15600 |
26582-26586 |
NN |
denotes |
peak |
T15601 |
26596-26604 |
NN |
denotes |
pressure |
T15602 |
26587-26595 |
JJ |
denotes |
systolic |
T15603 |
26604-26605 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T15604 |
26606-26614 |
VBN |
denotes |
compared |
T15605 |
26615-26617 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T15606 |
26618-26621 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T15607 |
26622-26624 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T15608 |
26621-26622 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T15609 |
26628-26632 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T15610 |
26624-26625 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T15611 |
26625-26626 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T15612 |
26626-26627 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T15613 |
26633-26635 |
IN |
denotes |
at |
T15614 |
26636-26645 |
JJ |
denotes |
identical |
T15615 |
26654-26664 |
NNS |
denotes |
conditions |
T15616 |
26646-26653 |
NN |
denotes |
loading |
T15617 |
26665-26666 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T15618 |
26666-26671 |
NN |
denotes |
Table |
T15619 |
26672-26673 |
CD |
denotes |
1 |
T15620 |
26673-26674 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T15621 |
26674-26675 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T15622 |
26675-26753 |
sentence |
denotes |
This reduction in cardiac work was due to a reduced cardiac output (Table 1). |
T15623 |
26676-26680 |
DT |
denotes |
This |
T15624 |
26681-26690 |
NN |
denotes |
reduction |
T15625 |
26707-26710 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T15626 |
26691-26693 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T15627 |
26694-26701 |
JJ |
denotes |
cardiac |
T15628 |
26702-26706 |
NN |
denotes |
work |
T15629 |
26711-26714 |
IN |
denotes |
due |
T15630 |
26715-26717 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T15631 |
26718-26719 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T15632 |
26736-26742 |
NN |
denotes |
output |
T15633 |
26720-26727 |
VBN |
denotes |
reduced |
T15634 |
26728-26735 |
JJ |
denotes |
cardiac |
T15635 |
26743-26744 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T15636 |
26744-26749 |
NN |
denotes |
Table |
T15637 |
26750-26751 |
CD |
denotes |
1 |
T15638 |
26751-26752 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T15639 |
26752-26753 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T15640 |
26753-26962 |
sentence |
denotes |
The relative contribution of heart rate and stroke volume to diminished cardiac output in the PGC-1α−/− mice could not be delineated, because both were decreased but neither to a significant degree (Table 1). |
T15641 |
26754-26757 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T15642 |
26767-26779 |
NN |
denotes |
contribution |
T15643 |
26758-26766 |
JJ |
denotes |
relative |
T15644 |
26876-26886 |
VBN |
denotes |
delineated |
T15645 |
26780-26782 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T15646 |
26783-26788 |
NN |
denotes |
heart |
T15647 |
26789-26793 |
NN |
denotes |
rate |
T15648 |
26794-26797 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T15649 |
26798-26804 |
NN |
denotes |
stroke |
T15650 |
26805-26811 |
NN |
denotes |
volume |
T15651 |
26812-26814 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T15652 |
26815-26825 |
VBN |
denotes |
diminished |
T15653 |
26834-26840 |
NN |
denotes |
output |
T15654 |
26826-26833 |
JJ |
denotes |
cardiac |
T15655 |
26841-26843 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T15656 |
26844-26847 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T15657 |
26858-26862 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T15658 |
26848-26851 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T15659 |
26852-26854 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T15660 |
26851-26852 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T15661 |
26854-26855 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T15662 |
26855-26856 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T15663 |
26856-26857 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T15664 |
26863-26868 |
MD |
denotes |
could |
T15665 |
26869-26872 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T15666 |
26873-26875 |
VB |
denotes |
be |
T15667 |
26886-26888 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T15668 |
26888-26895 |
IN |
denotes |
because |
T15669 |
26906-26915 |
VBN |
denotes |
decreased |
T15670 |
26896-26900 |
DT |
denotes |
both |
T15671 |
26901-26905 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T15672 |
26916-26919 |
CC |
denotes |
but |
T15673 |
26920-26927 |
CC |
denotes |
neither |
T15674 |
26928-26930 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T15675 |
26931-26932 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T15676 |
26945-26951 |
NN |
denotes |
degree |
T15677 |
26933-26944 |
JJ |
denotes |
significant |
T15678 |
26952-26953 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T15679 |
26953-26958 |
NN |
denotes |
Table |
T15680 |
26959-26960 |
CD |
denotes |
1 |
T15681 |
26960-26961 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T15682 |
26961-26962 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T15683 |
26962-27181 |
sentence |
denotes |
To further distinguish between abnormalities in heart rate and ventricular function, in vivo hemodynamic response to the β1,α1-adrenergic-selective agonist dobutamine was evaluated using a miniaturized Millar catheter. |
T15684 |
26963-26965 |
TO |
denotes |
To |
T15685 |
26974-26985 |
VB |
denotes |
distinguish |
T15686 |
26966-26973 |
RB |
denotes |
further |
T15687 |
27134-27143 |
VBN |
denotes |
evaluated |
T15688 |
26986-26993 |
IN |
denotes |
between |
T15689 |
26994-27007 |
NNS |
denotes |
abnormalities |
T15690 |
27008-27010 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T15691 |
27011-27016 |
NN |
denotes |
heart |
T15692 |
27017-27021 |
NN |
denotes |
rate |
T15693 |
27022-27025 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T15694 |
27026-27037 |
JJ |
denotes |
ventricular |
T15695 |
27038-27046 |
NN |
denotes |
function |
T15696 |
27046-27048 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T15697 |
27048-27050 |
FW |
denotes |
in |
T15698 |
27051-27055 |
FW |
denotes |
vivo |
T15699 |
27068-27076 |
NN |
denotes |
response |
T15700 |
27056-27067 |
JJ |
denotes |
hemodynamic |
T15701 |
27077-27079 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T15702 |
27080-27083 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T15703 |
27111-27118 |
NN |
denotes |
agonist |
T15704 |
27084-27086 |
NN |
denotes |
β1 |
T15705 |
27087-27089 |
NN |
denotes |
α1 |
T15706 |
27086-27087 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T15707 |
27090-27100 |
JJ |
denotes |
adrenergic |
T15708 |
27089-27090 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T15709 |
27101-27110 |
JJ |
denotes |
selective |
T15710 |
27100-27101 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T15711 |
27119-27129 |
NN |
denotes |
dobutamine |
T15712 |
27130-27133 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T15713 |
27144-27149 |
VBG |
denotes |
using |
T15714 |
27150-27151 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T15715 |
27172-27180 |
NN |
denotes |
catheter |
T15716 |
27152-27164 |
VBN |
denotes |
miniaturized |
T15717 |
27165-27171 |
NNP |
denotes |
Millar |
T15718 |
27180-27181 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T15719 |
27181-27301 |
sentence |
denotes |
The ventricular functional response to dobutamine was similar in PGC-1α+/+ and PGC-1α−/− mice (Figure 5B, right graph). |
T15720 |
27182-27185 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T15721 |
27209-27217 |
NN |
denotes |
response |
T15722 |
27186-27197 |
JJ |
denotes |
ventricular |
T15723 |
27198-27208 |
JJ |
denotes |
functional |
T15724 |
27232-27235 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T15725 |
27218-27220 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T15726 |
27221-27231 |
NN |
denotes |
dobutamine |
T15727 |
27236-27243 |
JJ |
denotes |
similar |
T15728 |
27244-27246 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T15729 |
27247-27250 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T15730 |
27251-27253 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T15731 |
27250-27251 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T15732 |
27271-27275 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T15733 |
27253-27254 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T15734 |
27254-27255 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T15735 |
27255-27256 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T15736 |
27257-27260 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T15737 |
27261-27264 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T15738 |
27265-27267 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T15739 |
27264-27265 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T15740 |
27267-27268 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T15741 |
27268-27269 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T15742 |
27269-27270 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T15743 |
27276-27277 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T15744 |
27294-27299 |
NN |
denotes |
graph |
T15745 |
27277-27283 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T15746 |
27284-27286 |
NN |
denotes |
5B |
T15747 |
27286-27288 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T15748 |
27288-27293 |
JJ |
denotes |
right |
T15749 |
27299-27300 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T15750 |
27300-27301 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T15751 |
27301-27432 |
sentence |
denotes |
However, PGC-1α−/− mice exhibited a significantly blunted heart rate response to β-adrenergic stimulation (Figure 5B, left graph). |
T15752 |
27302-27309 |
RB |
denotes |
However |
T15753 |
27326-27335 |
VBD |
denotes |
exhibited |
T15754 |
27309-27311 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T15755 |
27311-27314 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T15756 |
27315-27317 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T15757 |
27314-27315 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T15758 |
27321-27325 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T15759 |
27317-27318 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T15760 |
27318-27319 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T15761 |
27319-27320 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T15762 |
27336-27337 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T15763 |
27371-27379 |
NN |
denotes |
response |
T15764 |
27338-27351 |
RB |
denotes |
significantly |
T15765 |
27352-27359 |
VBN |
denotes |
blunted |
T15766 |
27360-27365 |
NN |
denotes |
heart |
T15767 |
27366-27370 |
NN |
denotes |
rate |
T15768 |
27380-27382 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T15769 |
27383-27384 |
NN |
denotes |
β |
T15770 |
27385-27395 |
JJ |
denotes |
adrenergic |
T15771 |
27384-27385 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T15772 |
27396-27407 |
NN |
denotes |
stimulation |
T15773 |
27408-27409 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T15774 |
27425-27430 |
NN |
denotes |
graph |
T15775 |
27409-27415 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T15776 |
27416-27418 |
NN |
denotes |
5B |
T15777 |
27418-27420 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T15778 |
27420-27424 |
JJ |
denotes |
left |
T15779 |
27430-27431 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T15780 |
27431-27432 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T15781 |
27432-27664 |
sentence |
denotes |
Taken together with the EST, these results strongly suggest that the PGC-1α−/− hearts are unable to mount an appropriate chronotropic response to exercise and other physiologic stimuli that activate β-adrenergic input to the heart. |
T15782 |
27433-27438 |
VBN |
denotes |
Taken |
T15783 |
27485-27492 |
VBP |
denotes |
suggest |
T15784 |
27439-27447 |
RB |
denotes |
together |
T15785 |
27448-27452 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T15786 |
27453-27456 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T15787 |
27457-27460 |
NN |
denotes |
EST |
T15788 |
27460-27462 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T15789 |
27462-27467 |
DT |
denotes |
these |
T15790 |
27468-27475 |
NNS |
denotes |
results |
T15791 |
27476-27484 |
RB |
denotes |
strongly |
T15792 |
27493-27497 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T15793 |
27519-27522 |
VBP |
denotes |
are |
T15794 |
27498-27501 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T15795 |
27512-27518 |
NNS |
denotes |
hearts |
T15796 |
27502-27505 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T15797 |
27506-27508 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T15798 |
27505-27506 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T15799 |
27508-27509 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T15800 |
27509-27510 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T15801 |
27510-27511 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T15802 |
27523-27529 |
JJ |
denotes |
unable |
T15803 |
27530-27532 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T15804 |
27533-27538 |
VB |
denotes |
mount |
T15805 |
27539-27541 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T15806 |
27567-27575 |
NN |
denotes |
response |
T15807 |
27542-27553 |
JJ |
denotes |
appropriate |
T15808 |
27554-27566 |
JJ |
denotes |
chronotropic |
T15809 |
27576-27578 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T15810 |
27579-27587 |
NN |
denotes |
exercise |
T15811 |
27588-27591 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T15812 |
27592-27597 |
JJ |
denotes |
other |
T15813 |
27610-27617 |
NNS |
denotes |
stimuli |
T15814 |
27598-27609 |
JJ |
denotes |
physiologic |
T15815 |
27618-27622 |
WDT |
denotes |
that |
T15816 |
27623-27631 |
VBP |
denotes |
activate |
T15817 |
27632-27633 |
NN |
denotes |
β |
T15818 |
27634-27644 |
JJ |
denotes |
adrenergic |
T15819 |
27633-27634 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T15820 |
27645-27650 |
NN |
denotes |
input |
T15821 |
27651-27653 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T15822 |
27654-27657 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T15823 |
27658-27663 |
NN |
denotes |
heart |
T15824 |
27663-27664 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T15825 |
27664-27738 |
sentence |
denotes |
However, our results did not reveal evidence for contractile dysfunction. |
T15826 |
27665-27672 |
RB |
denotes |
However |
T15827 |
27694-27700 |
VB |
denotes |
reveal |
T15828 |
27672-27674 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T15829 |
27674-27677 |
PRP$ |
denotes |
our |
T15830 |
27678-27685 |
NNS |
denotes |
results |
T15831 |
27686-27689 |
VBD |
denotes |
did |
T15832 |
27690-27693 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T15833 |
27701-27709 |
NN |
denotes |
evidence |
T15834 |
27710-27713 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T15835 |
27714-27725 |
JJ |
denotes |
contractile |
T15836 |
27726-27737 |
NN |
denotes |
dysfunction |
T15837 |
27737-27738 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T17367 |
27879-27882 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T17368 |
27883-27885 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T17369 |
27882-27883 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T17370 |
27889-27893 |
NNS |
denotes |
Mice |
T17371 |
27885-27886 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T17372 |
27886-27887 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T17373 |
27887-27888 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T17374 |
27894-27901 |
VBP |
denotes |
Exhibit |
T17375 |
27902-27904 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T17376 |
27926-27934 |
NN |
denotes |
Response |
T17377 |
27905-27913 |
JJ |
denotes |
Abnormal |
T17378 |
27914-27925 |
JJ |
denotes |
Thermogenic |
T17379 |
27934-28079 |
sentence |
denotes |
PGC-1α has been implicated as an inducible regulator of mitochondrial respiratory uncoupling, an important source of heat production in BAT [2]. |
T17380 |
27935-27938 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T17381 |
27939-27941 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T17382 |
27938-27939 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T17383 |
27951-27961 |
VBN |
denotes |
implicated |
T17384 |
27942-27945 |
VBZ |
denotes |
has |
T17385 |
27946-27950 |
VBN |
denotes |
been |
T17386 |
27962-27964 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T17387 |
27965-27967 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T17388 |
27978-27987 |
NN |
denotes |
regulator |
T17389 |
27968-27977 |
JJ |
denotes |
inducible |
T17390 |
27988-27990 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T17391 |
27991-28004 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T17392 |
28017-28027 |
NN |
denotes |
uncoupling |
T17393 |
28005-28016 |
JJ |
denotes |
respiratory |
T17394 |
28027-28029 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T17395 |
28029-28031 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T17396 |
28042-28048 |
NN |
denotes |
source |
T17397 |
28032-28041 |
JJ |
denotes |
important |
T17398 |
28049-28051 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T17399 |
28052-28056 |
NN |
denotes |
heat |
T17400 |
28057-28067 |
NN |
denotes |
production |
T17401 |
28068-28070 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T17402 |
28071-28074 |
NN |
denotes |
BAT |
T17403 |
28075-28076 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T17404 |
28076-28077 |
CD |
denotes |
2 |
T17405 |
28077-28078 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T17406 |
28078-28079 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T17407 |
28079-28289 |
sentence |
denotes |
To determine whether PGC-1α is necessary for an appropriate thermogenic response, PGC-1α+/+ and PGC-1α−/− mice were subjected to cold exposure (4 °C) for a 5-h period while core body temperature was monitored. |
T17408 |
28080-28082 |
TO |
denotes |
To |
T17409 |
28083-28092 |
VB |
denotes |
determine |
T17410 |
28196-28205 |
VBN |
denotes |
subjected |
T17411 |
28093-28100 |
IN |
denotes |
whether |
T17412 |
28108-28110 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T17413 |
28101-28104 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T17414 |
28105-28107 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T17415 |
28104-28105 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T17416 |
28111-28120 |
JJ |
denotes |
necessary |
T17417 |
28121-28124 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T17418 |
28125-28127 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T17419 |
28152-28160 |
NN |
denotes |
response |
T17420 |
28128-28139 |
JJ |
denotes |
appropriate |
T17421 |
28140-28151 |
JJ |
denotes |
thermogenic |
T17422 |
28160-28162 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T17423 |
28162-28165 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T17424 |
28166-28168 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T17425 |
28165-28166 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T17426 |
28186-28190 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T17427 |
28168-28169 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T17428 |
28169-28170 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T17429 |
28170-28171 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T17430 |
28172-28175 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T17431 |
28176-28179 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T17432 |
28180-28182 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T17433 |
28179-28180 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T17434 |
28182-28183 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T17435 |
28183-28184 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T17436 |
28184-28185 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T17437 |
28191-28195 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T17438 |
28206-28208 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T17439 |
28209-28213 |
NN |
denotes |
cold |
T17440 |
28214-28222 |
NN |
denotes |
exposure |
T17441 |
28223-28224 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T17442 |
28226-28228 |
NN |
denotes |
°C |
T17443 |
28224-28225 |
CD |
denotes |
4 |
T17444 |
28228-28229 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T17445 |
28230-28233 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T17446 |
28234-28235 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T17447 |
28240-28246 |
NN |
denotes |
period |
T17448 |
28236-28237 |
CD |
denotes |
5 |
T17449 |
28238-28239 |
NN |
denotes |
h |
T17450 |
28237-28238 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T17451 |
28247-28252 |
IN |
denotes |
while |
T17452 |
28279-28288 |
VBN |
denotes |
monitored |
T17453 |
28253-28257 |
NN |
denotes |
core |
T17454 |
28263-28274 |
NN |
denotes |
temperature |
T17455 |
28258-28262 |
NN |
denotes |
body |
T17456 |
28275-28278 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T17457 |
28288-28289 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T17458 |
28289-28400 |
sentence |
denotes |
PGC-1α−/− mice exhibited a markedly abnormal drop in core temperature compared to the WT controls (Figure 6A). |
T17459 |
28290-28293 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T17460 |
28294-28296 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T17461 |
28293-28294 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T17462 |
28300-28304 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T17463 |
28296-28297 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T17464 |
28297-28298 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T17465 |
28298-28299 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T17466 |
28305-28314 |
VBD |
denotes |
exhibited |
T17467 |
28315-28316 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T17468 |
28335-28339 |
NN |
denotes |
drop |
T17469 |
28317-28325 |
RB |
denotes |
markedly |
T17470 |
28326-28334 |
JJ |
denotes |
abnormal |
T17471 |
28340-28342 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T17472 |
28343-28347 |
NN |
denotes |
core |
T17473 |
28348-28359 |
NN |
denotes |
temperature |
T17474 |
28360-28368 |
VBN |
denotes |
compared |
T17475 |
28369-28371 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T17476 |
28372-28375 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T17477 |
28379-28387 |
NNS |
denotes |
controls |
T17478 |
28376-28378 |
NN |
denotes |
WT |
T17479 |
28388-28389 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T17480 |
28396-28398 |
NN |
denotes |
6A |
T17481 |
28389-28395 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T17482 |
28398-28399 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T17483 |
28399-28400 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T17484 |
28400-28582 |
sentence |
denotes |
Specifically, the mean decline in core temperature was greater than 12 °C at the 5-h time point in PGC-1α−/− mice, compared to an approximately 3 °C decrement in PGC-1α+/+ controls. |
T17485 |
28401-28413 |
RB |
denotes |
Specifically |
T17486 |
28452-28455 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T17487 |
28413-28415 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T17488 |
28415-28418 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T17489 |
28424-28431 |
NN |
denotes |
decline |
T17490 |
28419-28423 |
NN |
denotes |
mean |
T17491 |
28432-28434 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T17492 |
28435-28439 |
NN |
denotes |
core |
T17493 |
28440-28451 |
NN |
denotes |
temperature |
T17494 |
28456-28463 |
JJR |
denotes |
greater |
T17495 |
28464-28468 |
IN |
denotes |
than |
T17496 |
28469-28471 |
CD |
denotes |
12 |
T17497 |
28472-28474 |
NN |
denotes |
°C |
T17498 |
28475-28477 |
IN |
denotes |
at |
T17499 |
28478-28481 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T17500 |
28491-28496 |
NN |
denotes |
point |
T17501 |
28482-28483 |
CD |
denotes |
5 |
T17502 |
28484-28485 |
NN |
denotes |
h |
T17503 |
28483-28484 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T17504 |
28486-28490 |
NN |
denotes |
time |
T17505 |
28497-28499 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T17506 |
28500-28503 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T17507 |
28504-28506 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T17508 |
28503-28504 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T17509 |
28510-28514 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T17510 |
28506-28507 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T17511 |
28507-28508 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T17512 |
28508-28509 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T17513 |
28514-28516 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T17514 |
28516-28524 |
VBN |
denotes |
compared |
T17515 |
28525-28527 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T17516 |
28528-28530 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T17517 |
28550-28559 |
NN |
denotes |
decrement |
T17518 |
28531-28544 |
RB |
denotes |
approximately |
T17519 |
28545-28546 |
CD |
denotes |
3 |
T17520 |
28547-28549 |
NN |
denotes |
°C |
T17521 |
28560-28562 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T17522 |
28563-28566 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T17523 |
28567-28569 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T17524 |
28566-28567 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T17525 |
28573-28581 |
NNS |
denotes |
controls |
T17526 |
28569-28570 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T17527 |
28570-28571 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T17528 |
28571-28572 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T17529 |
28581-28582 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T17530 |
28582-28713 |
sentence |
denotes |
Although this thermogenic phenotype was consistently present in mice aged 28–37 d, it was absent in older mice (unpublished data). |
T17531 |
28583-28591 |
IN |
denotes |
Although |
T17532 |
28619-28622 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T17533 |
28592-28596 |
DT |
denotes |
this |
T17534 |
28609-28618 |
NN |
denotes |
phenotype |
T17535 |
28597-28608 |
JJ |
denotes |
thermogenic |
T17536 |
28669-28672 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T17537 |
28623-28635 |
RB |
denotes |
consistently |
T17538 |
28636-28643 |
JJ |
denotes |
present |
T17539 |
28644-28646 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T17540 |
28647-28651 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T17541 |
28652-28656 |
VBN |
denotes |
aged |
T17542 |
28657-28659 |
CD |
denotes |
28 |
T17543 |
28660-28662 |
CD |
denotes |
37 |
T17544 |
28659-28660 |
SYM |
denotes |
– |
T17545 |
28663-28664 |
NN |
denotes |
d |
T17546 |
28664-28666 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T17547 |
28666-28668 |
PRP |
denotes |
it |
T17548 |
28673-28679 |
JJ |
denotes |
absent |
T17549 |
28680-28682 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T17550 |
28683-28688 |
JJR |
denotes |
older |
T17551 |
28689-28693 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T17552 |
28694-28695 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T17553 |
28707-28711 |
NNS |
denotes |
data |
T17554 |
28695-28706 |
JJ |
denotes |
unpublished |
T17555 |
28711-28712 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T17556 |
28712-28713 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T17557 |
28713-29997 |
sentence |
denotes |
Figure 6 PGC-1α−/− Mice Exhibit an Abnormal Thermogenic Response
(A) PGC-1α+/+ (n = 15) and PGC-1α−/− (n = 21) mice aged 28–37 d were subjected to cold (4 °C). Core rectal temperature was monitored over a 5-h period. The change in core temperature ± SEM is shown in the graph (left) as a function of time. * p < 0.05.
(B) Representative Northern blot analysis (blot and gel at top) performed with RNA isolated from BAT to detect UCP-1 transcript at baseline (RT) and after 5 h of exposure to cold (4 °C) (UCP1). Ethidium bromide (Eth Br) staining of ribosomal RNA is shown as a control. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR for UCP-1 transcript is shown on the graph at the bottom. The values represent mean arbitrary units normalized to a 36B4 transcript (control).
(C) Altered response to β3-adrenergic agonist. To evaluate the oxygen consumption (VO2) in response to the stimulation of BAT uncoupled respiration, the β3-adrenergic agonist BRL 37344 was administered to littermate PGC-1α+/+ (n = 5) and PGC-1α−/− (n = 5) female mice followed by measurement of VO2 by indirect calorimetry. Mean ± SEM VO2 is shown. * p < 0.05. The histologic appearance and neutral lipid stores of BAT were assessed as an initial step to characterize the thermogenic phenotype exhibited by PGC-1α−/− mice. |
T17558 |
29836-29839 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T17559 |
29851-29861 |
NN |
denotes |
appearance |
T17560 |
29840-29850 |
JJ |
denotes |
histologic |
T17561 |
29899-29907 |
VBN |
denotes |
assessed |
T17562 |
29862-29865 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T17563 |
29866-29873 |
JJ |
denotes |
neutral |
T17564 |
29880-29886 |
NNS |
denotes |
stores |
T17565 |
29874-29879 |
NN |
denotes |
lipid |
T17566 |
29887-29889 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T17567 |
29890-29893 |
NN |
denotes |
BAT |
T17568 |
29894-29898 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T17569 |
29908-29910 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T17570 |
29911-29913 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T17571 |
29922-29926 |
NN |
denotes |
step |
T17572 |
29914-29921 |
JJ |
denotes |
initial |
T17573 |
29927-29929 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T17574 |
29930-29942 |
VB |
denotes |
characterize |
T17575 |
29943-29946 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T17576 |
29959-29968 |
NN |
denotes |
phenotype |
T17577 |
29947-29958 |
JJ |
denotes |
thermogenic |
T17578 |
29969-29978 |
VBN |
denotes |
exhibited |
T17579 |
29979-29981 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T17580 |
29982-29985 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T17581 |
29986-29988 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T17582 |
29985-29986 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T17583 |
29992-29996 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T17584 |
29988-29989 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T17585 |
29989-29990 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T17586 |
29990-29991 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T17587 |
29996-29997 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T17588 |
29997-30057 |
sentence |
denotes |
Histologic and lipid quantification studies were performed. |
T17589 |
29998-30008 |
JJ |
denotes |
Histologic |
T17590 |
30034-30041 |
NNS |
denotes |
studies |
T17591 |
30009-30012 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T17592 |
30013-30018 |
NN |
denotes |
lipid |
T17593 |
30019-30033 |
NN |
denotes |
quantification |
T17594 |
30047-30056 |
VBN |
denotes |
performed |
T17595 |
30042-30046 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T17596 |
30056-30057 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T17597 |
30057-30248 |
sentence |
denotes |
Electron microscopic analyses indicated that the mitochondrial ultrastructure was similar in BAT isolated from PGC-1α−/− and PGC-1α+/+ mice before and after cold exposure (unpublished data). |
T17598 |
30058-30066 |
NN |
denotes |
Electron |
T17599 |
30067-30078 |
JJ |
denotes |
microscopic |
T17600 |
30079-30087 |
NNS |
denotes |
analyses |
T17601 |
30088-30097 |
VBD |
denotes |
indicated |
T17602 |
30098-30102 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T17603 |
30136-30139 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T17604 |
30103-30106 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T17605 |
30121-30135 |
NN |
denotes |
ultrastructure |
T17606 |
30107-30120 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T17607 |
30140-30147 |
JJ |
denotes |
similar |
T17608 |
30148-30150 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T17609 |
30151-30154 |
NN |
denotes |
BAT |
T17610 |
30155-30163 |
VBN |
denotes |
isolated |
T17611 |
30164-30168 |
IN |
denotes |
from |
T17612 |
30169-30172 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T17613 |
30173-30175 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T17614 |
30172-30173 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T17615 |
30193-30197 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T17616 |
30175-30176 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T17617 |
30176-30177 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T17618 |
30177-30178 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T17619 |
30179-30182 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T17620 |
30183-30186 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T17621 |
30187-30189 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T17622 |
30186-30187 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T17623 |
30189-30190 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T17624 |
30190-30191 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T17625 |
30191-30192 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T17626 |
30198-30204 |
IN |
denotes |
before |
T17627 |
30205-30208 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T17628 |
30209-30214 |
IN |
denotes |
after |
T17629 |
30215-30219 |
NN |
denotes |
cold |
T17630 |
30220-30228 |
NN |
denotes |
exposure |
T17631 |
30229-30230 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T17632 |
30242-30246 |
NNS |
denotes |
data |
T17633 |
30230-30241 |
JJ |
denotes |
unpublished |
T17634 |
30246-30247 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T17635 |
30247-30248 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T17636 |
30248-30347 |
sentence |
denotes |
In addition, levels of BAT triglyceride were similar between the two genotypes (unpublished data). |
T17637 |
30249-30251 |
IN |
denotes |
In |
T17638 |
30289-30293 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T17639 |
30252-30260 |
NN |
denotes |
addition |
T17640 |
30260-30262 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T17641 |
30262-30268 |
NNS |
denotes |
levels |
T17642 |
30269-30271 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T17643 |
30272-30275 |
NN |
denotes |
BAT |
T17644 |
30276-30288 |
NN |
denotes |
triglyceride |
T17645 |
30294-30301 |
JJ |
denotes |
similar |
T17646 |
30302-30309 |
IN |
denotes |
between |
T17647 |
30310-30313 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T17648 |
30318-30327 |
NNS |
denotes |
genotypes |
T17649 |
30314-30317 |
CD |
denotes |
two |
T17650 |
30328-30329 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T17651 |
30341-30345 |
NNS |
denotes |
data |
T17652 |
30329-30340 |
JJ |
denotes |
unpublished |
T17653 |
30345-30346 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T17654 |
30346-30347 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T17655 |
30347-30455 |
sentence |
denotes |
UCP-1 is a cold-inducible protein involved in mitochondrial respiratory uncoupling to generate heat in BAT. |
T17656 |
30348-30351 |
NN |
denotes |
UCP |
T17657 |
30354-30356 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T17658 |
30351-30352 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T17659 |
30352-30353 |
CD |
denotes |
1 |
T17660 |
30357-30358 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T17661 |
30374-30381 |
NN |
denotes |
protein |
T17662 |
30359-30363 |
NN |
denotes |
cold |
T17663 |
30364-30373 |
JJ |
denotes |
inducible |
T17664 |
30363-30364 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T17665 |
30382-30390 |
VBN |
denotes |
involved |
T17666 |
30391-30393 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T17667 |
30394-30407 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T17668 |
30420-30430 |
NN |
denotes |
uncoupling |
T17669 |
30408-30419 |
JJ |
denotes |
respiratory |
T17670 |
30431-30433 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T17671 |
30434-30442 |
VB |
denotes |
generate |
T17672 |
30443-30447 |
NN |
denotes |
heat |
T17673 |
30448-30450 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T17674 |
30451-30454 |
NN |
denotes |
BAT |
T17675 |
30454-30455 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T17676 |
30455-30520 |
sentence |
denotes |
UCP-1 gene transcription is known to be activated by PGC-1α [2]. |
T17677 |
30456-30459 |
NN |
denotes |
UCP |
T17678 |
30467-30480 |
NN |
denotes |
transcription |
T17679 |
30459-30460 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T17680 |
30460-30461 |
CD |
denotes |
1 |
T17681 |
30462-30466 |
NN |
denotes |
gene |
T17682 |
30484-30489 |
VBN |
denotes |
known |
T17683 |
30481-30483 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T17684 |
30490-30492 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T17685 |
30496-30505 |
VBN |
denotes |
activated |
T17686 |
30493-30495 |
VB |
denotes |
be |
T17687 |
30506-30508 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T17688 |
30509-30512 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T17689 |
30513-30515 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T17690 |
30512-30513 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T17691 |
30516-30517 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T17692 |
30517-30518 |
CD |
denotes |
2 |
T17693 |
30518-30519 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T17694 |
30519-30520 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T17695 |
30520-30637 |
sentence |
denotes |
Surprisingly, basal and cold-induced BAT UCP-1 mRNA levels were similar in PGC-1α+/+ and PGC-1α−/− mice (Figure 6B). |
T17696 |
30521-30533 |
RB |
denotes |
Surprisingly |
T17697 |
30580-30584 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T17698 |
30533-30535 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T17699 |
30535-30540 |
JJ |
denotes |
basal |
T17700 |
30573-30579 |
NNS |
denotes |
levels |
T17701 |
30541-30544 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T17702 |
30545-30549 |
NN |
denotes |
cold |
T17703 |
30550-30557 |
VBN |
denotes |
induced |
T17704 |
30549-30550 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T17705 |
30558-30561 |
NN |
denotes |
BAT |
T17706 |
30562-30565 |
NN |
denotes |
UCP |
T17707 |
30565-30566 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T17708 |
30566-30567 |
CD |
denotes |
1 |
T17709 |
30568-30572 |
NN |
denotes |
mRNA |
T17710 |
30585-30592 |
JJ |
denotes |
similar |
T17711 |
30593-30595 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T17712 |
30596-30599 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T17713 |
30600-30602 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T17714 |
30599-30600 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T17715 |
30620-30624 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T17716 |
30602-30603 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T17717 |
30603-30604 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T17718 |
30604-30605 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T17719 |
30606-30609 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T17720 |
30610-30613 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T17721 |
30614-30616 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T17722 |
30613-30614 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T17723 |
30616-30617 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T17724 |
30617-30618 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T17725 |
30618-30619 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T17726 |
30625-30626 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T17727 |
30633-30635 |
NN |
denotes |
6B |
T17728 |
30626-30632 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T17729 |
30635-30636 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T17730 |
30636-30637 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T17731 |
30637-30911 |
sentence |
denotes |
These results suggest that PGC-1α is not necessary for the induction of the expression of UCP-1 with cold exposure, and that other factors, such as reduced capacity for mitochondrial respiration, likely contribute to the abnormal thermogenic response in the PGC-1α−/− mice. |
T17732 |
30638-30643 |
DT |
denotes |
These |
T17733 |
30644-30651 |
NNS |
denotes |
results |
T17734 |
30652-30659 |
VBP |
denotes |
suggest |
T17735 |
30660-30664 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T17736 |
30672-30674 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T17737 |
30665-30668 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T17738 |
30669-30671 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T17739 |
30668-30669 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T17740 |
30675-30678 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T17741 |
30679-30688 |
JJ |
denotes |
necessary |
T17742 |
30689-30692 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T17743 |
30693-30696 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T17744 |
30697-30706 |
NN |
denotes |
induction |
T17745 |
30707-30709 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T17746 |
30710-30713 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T17747 |
30714-30724 |
NN |
denotes |
expression |
T17748 |
30725-30727 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T17749 |
30728-30731 |
NN |
denotes |
UCP |
T17750 |
30731-30732 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T17751 |
30732-30733 |
CD |
denotes |
1 |
T17752 |
30734-30738 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T17753 |
30739-30743 |
NN |
denotes |
cold |
T17754 |
30744-30752 |
NN |
denotes |
exposure |
T17755 |
30752-30754 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T17756 |
30754-30757 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T17757 |
30758-30762 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T17758 |
30841-30851 |
VBP |
denotes |
contribute |
T17759 |
30763-30768 |
JJ |
denotes |
other |
T17760 |
30769-30776 |
NNS |
denotes |
factors |
T17761 |
30776-30778 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T17762 |
30778-30782 |
JJ |
denotes |
such |
T17763 |
30783-30785 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T17764 |
30786-30793 |
VBN |
denotes |
reduced |
T17765 |
30794-30802 |
NN |
denotes |
capacity |
T17766 |
30803-30806 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T17767 |
30807-30820 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T17768 |
30821-30832 |
NN |
denotes |
respiration |
T17769 |
30832-30834 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T17770 |
30834-30840 |
RB |
denotes |
likely |
T17771 |
30852-30854 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T17772 |
30855-30858 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T17773 |
30880-30888 |
NN |
denotes |
response |
T17774 |
30859-30867 |
JJ |
denotes |
abnormal |
T17775 |
30868-30879 |
JJ |
denotes |
thermogenic |
T17776 |
30889-30891 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T17777 |
30892-30895 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T17778 |
30906-30910 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T17779 |
30896-30899 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T17780 |
30900-30902 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T17781 |
30899-30900 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T17782 |
30902-30903 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T17783 |
30903-30904 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T17784 |
30904-30905 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T17785 |
30910-30911 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T17786 |
30911-31038 |
sentence |
denotes |
Thermogenesis in rodents related to mitochondrial uncoupling is under the control of β3-adrenergic receptor coupled signaling. |
T17787 |
30912-30925 |
NN |
denotes |
Thermogenesis |
T17788 |
30973-30975 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T17789 |
30926-30928 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T17790 |
30929-30936 |
NNS |
denotes |
rodents |
T17791 |
30937-30944 |
VBN |
denotes |
related |
T17792 |
30945-30947 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T17793 |
30948-30961 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T17794 |
30962-30972 |
NN |
denotes |
uncoupling |
T17795 |
30976-30981 |
IN |
denotes |
under |
T17796 |
30982-30985 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T17797 |
30986-30993 |
NN |
denotes |
control |
T17798 |
30994-30996 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T17799 |
30997-30999 |
NN |
denotes |
β3 |
T17800 |
31000-31010 |
JJ |
denotes |
adrenergic |
T17801 |
30999-31000 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T17802 |
31011-31019 |
NN |
denotes |
receptor |
T17803 |
31020-31027 |
VBN |
denotes |
coupled |
T17804 |
31028-31037 |
NN |
denotes |
signaling |
T17805 |
31037-31038 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T17806 |
31038-31152 |
sentence |
denotes |
Accordingly, the in vivo oxygen consumption response to β3-adrenergic stimulation was examined in PGC-1α−/− mice. |
T17807 |
31039-31050 |
RB |
denotes |
Accordingly |
T17808 |
31125-31133 |
VBN |
denotes |
examined |
T17809 |
31050-31052 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T17810 |
31052-31055 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T17811 |
31083-31091 |
NN |
denotes |
response |
T17812 |
31056-31058 |
FW |
denotes |
in |
T17813 |
31059-31063 |
FW |
denotes |
vivo |
T17814 |
31064-31070 |
NN |
denotes |
oxygen |
T17815 |
31071-31082 |
NN |
denotes |
consumption |
T17816 |
31092-31094 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T17817 |
31095-31097 |
NN |
denotes |
β3 |
T17818 |
31098-31108 |
JJ |
denotes |
adrenergic |
T17819 |
31097-31098 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T17820 |
31109-31120 |
NN |
denotes |
stimulation |
T17821 |
31121-31124 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T17822 |
31134-31136 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T17823 |
31137-31140 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T17824 |
31141-31143 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T17825 |
31140-31141 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T17826 |
31147-31151 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T17827 |
31143-31144 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T17828 |
31144-31145 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T17829 |
31145-31146 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T17830 |
31151-31152 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T17831 |
31152-31294 |
sentence |
denotes |
For these experiments, VO2 (oxygen consumption) was measured following administration of the β3-agonist BRL 37344 using indirect calorimetry. |
T17832 |
31153-31156 |
IN |
denotes |
For |
T17833 |
31205-31213 |
VBN |
denotes |
measured |
T17834 |
31157-31162 |
DT |
denotes |
these |
T17835 |
31163-31174 |
NNS |
denotes |
experiments |
T17836 |
31174-31176 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T17837 |
31176-31179 |
NN |
denotes |
VO2 |
T17838 |
31180-31181 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T17839 |
31181-31187 |
NN |
denotes |
oxygen |
T17840 |
31188-31199 |
NN |
denotes |
consumption |
T17841 |
31199-31200 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T17842 |
31201-31204 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T17843 |
31214-31223 |
VBG |
denotes |
following |
T17844 |
31224-31238 |
NN |
denotes |
administration |
T17845 |
31239-31241 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T17846 |
31242-31245 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T17847 |
31249-31256 |
NN |
denotes |
agonist |
T17848 |
31246-31248 |
NN |
denotes |
β3 |
T17849 |
31248-31249 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T17850 |
31257-31260 |
NN |
denotes |
BRL |
T17851 |
31261-31266 |
CD |
denotes |
37344 |
T17852 |
31267-31272 |
VBG |
denotes |
using |
T17853 |
31273-31281 |
JJ |
denotes |
indirect |
T17854 |
31282-31293 |
NN |
denotes |
calorimetry |
T17855 |
31293-31294 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T17856 |
31294-31399 |
sentence |
denotes |
VO2 was significantly increased in response to BRL 3744 in PGC-1α+/+ but not PGC-1α−/− mice (Figure 6C). |
T17857 |
31295-31298 |
NN |
denotes |
VO2 |
T17858 |
31317-31326 |
VBN |
denotes |
increased |
T17859 |
31299-31302 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T17860 |
31303-31316 |
RB |
denotes |
significantly |
T17861 |
31327-31329 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T17862 |
31330-31338 |
NN |
denotes |
response |
T17863 |
31339-31341 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T17864 |
31342-31345 |
NN |
denotes |
BRL |
T17865 |
31346-31350 |
CD |
denotes |
3744 |
T17866 |
31351-31353 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T17867 |
31354-31357 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T17868 |
31358-31360 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T17869 |
31357-31358 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T17870 |
31382-31386 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T17871 |
31360-31361 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T17872 |
31361-31362 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T17873 |
31362-31363 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T17874 |
31364-31367 |
CC |
denotes |
but |
T17875 |
31368-31371 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T17876 |
31372-31375 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T17877 |
31376-31378 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T17878 |
31375-31376 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T17879 |
31378-31379 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T17880 |
31379-31380 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T17881 |
31380-31381 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T17882 |
31387-31388 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T17883 |
31395-31397 |
NN |
denotes |
6C |
T17884 |
31388-31394 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T17885 |
31397-31398 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T17886 |
31398-31399 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T17887 |
31399-31637 |
sentence |
denotes |
These results indicate that the metabolic response of BAT to an acute stimulus such as cold and/or β3-adrenergic stimulation is altered in the PGC-1α null mice, likely related to reduced capacity for mitochondrial respiratory uncoupling. |
T17888 |
31400-31405 |
DT |
denotes |
These |
T17889 |
31406-31413 |
NNS |
denotes |
results |
T17890 |
31414-31422 |
VBP |
denotes |
indicate |
T17891 |
31423-31427 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T17892 |
31528-31535 |
VBN |
denotes |
altered |
T17893 |
31428-31431 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T17894 |
31442-31450 |
NN |
denotes |
response |
T17895 |
31432-31441 |
JJ |
denotes |
metabolic |
T17896 |
31451-31453 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T17897 |
31454-31457 |
NN |
denotes |
BAT |
T17898 |
31458-31460 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T17899 |
31461-31463 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T17900 |
31470-31478 |
NN |
denotes |
stimulus |
T17901 |
31464-31469 |
JJ |
denotes |
acute |
T17902 |
31479-31483 |
JJ |
denotes |
such |
T17903 |
31484-31486 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T17904 |
31487-31491 |
JJ |
denotes |
cold |
T17905 |
31513-31524 |
NN |
denotes |
stimulation |
T17906 |
31492-31495 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T17907 |
31495-31496 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T17908 |
31496-31498 |
CC |
denotes |
or |
T17909 |
31499-31501 |
NN |
denotes |
β3 |
T17910 |
31502-31512 |
JJ |
denotes |
adrenergic |
T17911 |
31501-31502 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T17912 |
31525-31527 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T17913 |
31536-31538 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T17914 |
31539-31542 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T17915 |
31555-31559 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T17916 |
31543-31546 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T17917 |
31547-31549 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T17918 |
31546-31547 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T17919 |
31550-31554 |
JJ |
denotes |
null |
T17920 |
31559-31561 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T17921 |
31561-31567 |
RB |
denotes |
likely |
T17922 |
31568-31575 |
VBN |
denotes |
related |
T17923 |
31576-31578 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T17924 |
31579-31586 |
VBN |
denotes |
reduced |
T17925 |
31587-31595 |
NN |
denotes |
capacity |
T17926 |
31596-31599 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T17927 |
31600-31613 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T17928 |
31626-31636 |
NN |
denotes |
uncoupling |
T17929 |
31614-31625 |
JJ |
denotes |
respiratory |
T17930 |
31636-31637 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T20245 |
31639-31646 |
NN |
denotes |
Fasting |
T20246 |
31647-31654 |
VBN |
denotes |
Induced |
T20247 |
31646-31647 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T20248 |
31663-31672 |
NN |
denotes |
Steatosis |
T20249 |
31655-31662 |
JJ |
denotes |
Hepatic |
T20250 |
31673-31675 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T20251 |
31676-31679 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T20252 |
31680-31682 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T20253 |
31679-31680 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T20254 |
31686-31690 |
NNS |
denotes |
Mice |
T20255 |
31682-31683 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T20256 |
31683-31684 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T20257 |
31684-31685 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T20258 |
31690-31835 |
sentence |
denotes |
Previous studies have implicated PGC-1α in several hepatic metabolic functions including fatty acid oxidation and gluconeogenesis [18,19,20,21]. |
T20259 |
31691-31699 |
JJ |
denotes |
Previous |
T20260 |
31700-31707 |
NNS |
denotes |
studies |
T20261 |
31713-31723 |
VBN |
denotes |
implicated |
T20262 |
31708-31712 |
VBP |
denotes |
have |
T20263 |
31724-31727 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T20264 |
31728-31730 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T20265 |
31727-31728 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T20266 |
31731-31733 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T20267 |
31734-31741 |
JJ |
denotes |
several |
T20268 |
31760-31769 |
NNS |
denotes |
functions |
T20269 |
31742-31749 |
JJ |
denotes |
hepatic |
T20270 |
31750-31759 |
JJ |
denotes |
metabolic |
T20271 |
31770-31779 |
VBG |
denotes |
including |
T20272 |
31780-31785 |
JJ |
denotes |
fatty |
T20273 |
31786-31790 |
NN |
denotes |
acid |
T20274 |
31791-31800 |
NN |
denotes |
oxidation |
T20275 |
31801-31804 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T20276 |
31805-31820 |
NN |
denotes |
gluconeogenesis |
T20277 |
31821-31822 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T20278 |
31831-31833 |
CD |
denotes |
21 |
T20279 |
31822-31824 |
CD |
denotes |
18 |
T20280 |
31824-31825 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T20281 |
31825-31827 |
CD |
denotes |
19 |
T20282 |
31827-31828 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T20283 |
31828-31830 |
CD |
denotes |
20 |
T20284 |
31830-31831 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T20285 |
31833-31834 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T20286 |
31834-31835 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T20287 |
31835-32016 |
sentence |
denotes |
Accordingly, the hepatic phenotype was evaluated under basal conditions and following a 24-h fast, a stimulus known to induce fatty acid oxidation and gluconeogenic rates in liver. |
T20288 |
31836-31847 |
RB |
denotes |
Accordingly |
T20289 |
31875-31884 |
VBN |
denotes |
evaluated |
T20290 |
31847-31849 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T20291 |
31849-31852 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T20292 |
31861-31870 |
NN |
denotes |
phenotype |
T20293 |
31853-31860 |
JJ |
denotes |
hepatic |
T20294 |
31871-31874 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T20295 |
31885-31890 |
IN |
denotes |
under |
T20296 |
31891-31896 |
JJ |
denotes |
basal |
T20297 |
31897-31907 |
NNS |
denotes |
conditions |
T20298 |
31908-31911 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T20299 |
31912-31921 |
VBG |
denotes |
following |
T20300 |
31922-31923 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T20301 |
31929-31933 |
NN |
denotes |
fast |
T20302 |
31924-31926 |
CD |
denotes |
24 |
T20303 |
31927-31928 |
NN |
denotes |
h |
T20304 |
31926-31927 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T20305 |
31933-31935 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T20306 |
31935-31936 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T20307 |
31937-31945 |
NN |
denotes |
stimulus |
T20308 |
31946-31951 |
VBN |
denotes |
known |
T20309 |
31952-31954 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T20310 |
31955-31961 |
VB |
denotes |
induce |
T20311 |
31962-31967 |
JJ |
denotes |
fatty |
T20312 |
31968-31972 |
NN |
denotes |
acid |
T20313 |
31973-31982 |
NN |
denotes |
oxidation |
T20314 |
31983-31986 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T20315 |
31987-32000 |
JJ |
denotes |
gluconeogenic |
T20316 |
32001-32006 |
NNS |
denotes |
rates |
T20317 |
32007-32009 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T20318 |
32010-32015 |
NN |
denotes |
liver |
T20319 |
32015-32016 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T20320 |
32016-32166 |
sentence |
denotes |
Under basal fed conditions, the livers of the PGC-1α−/− mice appeared grossly normal and did not exhibit histologic abnormalities (unpublished data). |
T20321 |
32017-32022 |
IN |
denotes |
Under |
T20322 |
32078-32086 |
VBD |
denotes |
appeared |
T20323 |
32023-32028 |
JJ |
denotes |
basal |
T20324 |
32033-32043 |
NNS |
denotes |
conditions |
T20325 |
32029-32032 |
VBN |
denotes |
fed |
T20326 |
32043-32045 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T20327 |
32045-32048 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T20328 |
32049-32055 |
NNS |
denotes |
livers |
T20329 |
32056-32058 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T20330 |
32059-32062 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T20331 |
32073-32077 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T20332 |
32063-32066 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T20333 |
32067-32069 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T20334 |
32066-32067 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T20335 |
32069-32070 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T20336 |
32070-32071 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T20337 |
32071-32072 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T20338 |
32087-32094 |
RB |
denotes |
grossly |
T20339 |
32095-32101 |
JJ |
denotes |
normal |
T20340 |
32102-32105 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T20341 |
32106-32109 |
VBD |
denotes |
did |
T20342 |
32114-32121 |
VB |
denotes |
exhibit |
T20343 |
32110-32113 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T20344 |
32122-32132 |
JJ |
denotes |
histologic |
T20345 |
32133-32146 |
NNS |
denotes |
abnormalities |
T20346 |
32147-32148 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T20347 |
32160-32164 |
NNS |
denotes |
data |
T20348 |
32148-32159 |
JJ |
denotes |
unpublished |
T20349 |
32164-32165 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T20350 |
32165-32166 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T20351 |
32166-32392 |
sentence |
denotes |
However, following a 24 h-fast, the PGC-1α−/− mice exhibited marked hepatic steatosis as determined by gross inspection, oil red O staining, electron microscopy, and measurements of liver triglyceride (TAG) levels (Figure 7). |
T20352 |
32167-32174 |
RB |
denotes |
However |
T20353 |
32218-32227 |
VBD |
denotes |
exhibited |
T20354 |
32174-32176 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T20355 |
32176-32185 |
VBG |
denotes |
following |
T20356 |
32186-32187 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T20357 |
32193-32197 |
NN |
denotes |
fast |
T20358 |
32188-32190 |
CD |
denotes |
24 |
T20359 |
32191-32192 |
NN |
denotes |
h |
T20360 |
32192-32193 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T20361 |
32197-32199 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T20362 |
32199-32202 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T20363 |
32213-32217 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T20364 |
32203-32206 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T20365 |
32207-32209 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T20366 |
32206-32207 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T20367 |
32209-32210 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T20368 |
32210-32211 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T20369 |
32211-32212 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T20370 |
32228-32234 |
JJ |
denotes |
marked |
T20371 |
32243-32252 |
NN |
denotes |
steatosis |
T20372 |
32235-32242 |
JJ |
denotes |
hepatic |
T20373 |
32253-32255 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T20374 |
32256-32266 |
VBN |
denotes |
determined |
T20375 |
32267-32269 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T20376 |
32270-32275 |
JJ |
denotes |
gross |
T20377 |
32276-32286 |
NN |
denotes |
inspection |
T20378 |
32286-32288 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T20379 |
32288-32291 |
NN |
denotes |
oil |
T20380 |
32296-32297 |
NN |
denotes |
O |
T20381 |
32292-32295 |
JJ |
denotes |
red |
T20382 |
32298-32306 |
NN |
denotes |
staining |
T20383 |
32306-32308 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T20384 |
32308-32316 |
NN |
denotes |
electron |
T20385 |
32317-32327 |
NN |
denotes |
microscopy |
T20386 |
32327-32329 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T20387 |
32329-32332 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T20388 |
32333-32345 |
NNS |
denotes |
measurements |
T20389 |
32346-32348 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T20390 |
32349-32354 |
NN |
denotes |
liver |
T20391 |
32374-32380 |
NNS |
denotes |
levels |
T20392 |
32355-32367 |
NN |
denotes |
triglyceride |
T20393 |
32368-32369 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T20394 |
32369-32372 |
NN |
denotes |
TAG |
T20395 |
32372-32373 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T20396 |
32381-32382 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T20397 |
32382-32388 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T20398 |
32389-32390 |
CD |
denotes |
7 |
T20399 |
32390-32391 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T20400 |
32391-32392 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T20401 |
32392-32528 |
sentence |
denotes |
There were no differences in plasma triglycerides or free fatty acids between the genotypes in fed or fasted states (unpublished data). |
T20402 |
32393-32398 |
EX |
denotes |
There |
T20403 |
32399-32403 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T20404 |
32404-32406 |
DT |
denotes |
no |
T20405 |
32407-32418 |
NNS |
denotes |
differences |
T20406 |
32419-32421 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T20407 |
32422-32428 |
NN |
denotes |
plasma |
T20408 |
32429-32442 |
NNS |
denotes |
triglycerides |
T20409 |
32443-32445 |
CC |
denotes |
or |
T20410 |
32446-32450 |
JJ |
denotes |
free |
T20411 |
32457-32462 |
NNS |
denotes |
acids |
T20412 |
32451-32456 |
JJ |
denotes |
fatty |
T20413 |
32463-32470 |
IN |
denotes |
between |
T20414 |
32471-32474 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T20415 |
32475-32484 |
NNS |
denotes |
genotypes |
T20416 |
32485-32487 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T20417 |
32488-32491 |
VBN |
denotes |
fed |
T20418 |
32502-32508 |
NNS |
denotes |
states |
T20419 |
32492-32494 |
CC |
denotes |
or |
T20420 |
32495-32501 |
VBN |
denotes |
fasted |
T20421 |
32509-32510 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T20422 |
32522-32526 |
NNS |
denotes |
data |
T20423 |
32510-32521 |
JJ |
denotes |
unpublished |
T20424 |
32526-32527 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T20425 |
32527-32528 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T20426 |
32528-32689 |
sentence |
denotes |
To further investigate the mechanisms involved in the fasting-induced hepatic steatotic response, hepatocytes were isolated from PGC-1α−/− mice and WT controls. |
T20427 |
32529-32531 |
TO |
denotes |
To |
T20428 |
32540-32551 |
VB |
denotes |
investigate |
T20429 |
32532-32539 |
RB |
denotes |
further |
T20430 |
32644-32652 |
VBN |
denotes |
isolated |
T20431 |
32552-32555 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T20432 |
32556-32566 |
NNS |
denotes |
mechanisms |
T20433 |
32567-32575 |
VBN |
denotes |
involved |
T20434 |
32576-32578 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T20435 |
32579-32582 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T20436 |
32617-32625 |
NN |
denotes |
response |
T20437 |
32583-32590 |
NN |
denotes |
fasting |
T20438 |
32591-32598 |
VBN |
denotes |
induced |
T20439 |
32590-32591 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T20440 |
32599-32606 |
JJ |
denotes |
hepatic |
T20441 |
32607-32616 |
JJ |
denotes |
steatotic |
T20442 |
32625-32627 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T20443 |
32627-32638 |
NNS |
denotes |
hepatocytes |
T20444 |
32639-32643 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T20445 |
32653-32657 |
IN |
denotes |
from |
T20446 |
32658-32661 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T20447 |
32662-32664 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T20448 |
32661-32662 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T20449 |
32668-32672 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T20450 |
32664-32665 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T20451 |
32665-32666 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T20452 |
32666-32667 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T20453 |
32673-32676 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T20454 |
32677-32679 |
NN |
denotes |
WT |
T20455 |
32680-32688 |
NNS |
denotes |
controls |
T20456 |
32688-32689 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T20457 |
32689-32847 |
sentence |
denotes |
Oleate loading experiments revealed that the PGC-1α−/− hepatocytes accumulated neutral lipid to a significantly greater extent than the WT cells (Figure 8A). |
T20458 |
32690-32696 |
NN |
denotes |
Oleate |
T20459 |
32697-32704 |
NN |
denotes |
loading |
T20460 |
32705-32716 |
NNS |
denotes |
experiments |
T20461 |
32717-32725 |
VBD |
denotes |
revealed |
T20462 |
32726-32730 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T20463 |
32757-32768 |
VBD |
denotes |
accumulated |
T20464 |
32731-32734 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T20465 |
32745-32756 |
NNS |
denotes |
hepatocytes |
T20466 |
32735-32738 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T20467 |
32739-32741 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T20468 |
32738-32739 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T20469 |
32741-32742 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T20470 |
32742-32743 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T20471 |
32743-32744 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T20472 |
32769-32776 |
JJ |
denotes |
neutral |
T20473 |
32777-32782 |
NN |
denotes |
lipid |
T20474 |
32783-32785 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T20475 |
32786-32787 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T20476 |
32810-32816 |
NN |
denotes |
extent |
T20477 |
32788-32801 |
RB |
denotes |
significantly |
T20478 |
32802-32809 |
JJR |
denotes |
greater |
T20479 |
32817-32821 |
IN |
denotes |
than |
T20480 |
32822-32825 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T20481 |
32829-32834 |
NNS |
denotes |
cells |
T20482 |
32826-32828 |
NN |
denotes |
WT |
T20483 |
32835-32836 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T20484 |
32843-32845 |
NN |
denotes |
8A |
T20485 |
32836-32842 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T20486 |
32845-32846 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T20487 |
32846-32847 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T20488 |
32847-33029 |
sentence |
denotes |
3H-palmitate oxidation rates were significantly lower in PGC-1α−/− hepatocytes compared to PGC-1α+/+ hepatocytes under basal conditions and following exposure to oleate (Figure 8B). |
T20489 |
32848-32850 |
NN |
denotes |
3H |
T20490 |
32851-32860 |
NN |
denotes |
palmitate |
T20491 |
32850-32851 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T20492 |
32861-32870 |
NN |
denotes |
oxidation |
T20493 |
32871-32876 |
NNS |
denotes |
rates |
T20494 |
32877-32881 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T20495 |
32882-32895 |
RB |
denotes |
significantly |
T20496 |
32896-32901 |
JJR |
denotes |
lower |
T20497 |
32902-32904 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T20498 |
32905-32908 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T20499 |
32909-32911 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T20500 |
32908-32909 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T20501 |
32915-32926 |
NNS |
denotes |
hepatocytes |
T20502 |
32911-32912 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T20503 |
32912-32913 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T20504 |
32913-32914 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T20505 |
32927-32935 |
VBN |
denotes |
compared |
T20506 |
32936-32938 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T20507 |
32939-32942 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T20508 |
32943-32945 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T20509 |
32942-32943 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T20510 |
32949-32960 |
NNS |
denotes |
hepatocytes |
T20511 |
32945-32946 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T20512 |
32946-32947 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T20513 |
32947-32948 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T20514 |
32961-32966 |
IN |
denotes |
under |
T20515 |
32967-32972 |
JJ |
denotes |
basal |
T20516 |
32973-32983 |
NNS |
denotes |
conditions |
T20517 |
32984-32987 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T20518 |
32988-32997 |
IN |
denotes |
following |
T20519 |
32998-33006 |
NN |
denotes |
exposure |
T20520 |
33007-33009 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T20521 |
33010-33016 |
NN |
denotes |
oleate |
T20522 |
33017-33018 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T20523 |
33025-33027 |
NN |
denotes |
8B |
T20524 |
33018-33024 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T20525 |
33027-33028 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T20526 |
33028-33029 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T20527 |
33029-33264 |
sentence |
denotes |
Taken together, these latter results indicate a cell-autonomous defect in PGC-1α−/− hepatocytes that results in an inability to maintain cellular lipid balance in the context of increased delivery of lipid such as occurs with fasting. |
T20528 |
33030-33035 |
VBN |
denotes |
Taken |
T20529 |
33067-33075 |
VBP |
denotes |
indicate |
T20530 |
33036-33044 |
RB |
denotes |
together |
T20531 |
33044-33046 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T20532 |
33046-33051 |
DT |
denotes |
these |
T20533 |
33059-33066 |
NNS |
denotes |
results |
T20534 |
33052-33058 |
JJ |
denotes |
latter |
T20535 |
33076-33077 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T20536 |
33094-33100 |
NN |
denotes |
defect |
T20537 |
33078-33082 |
NN |
denotes |
cell |
T20538 |
33083-33093 |
JJ |
denotes |
autonomous |
T20539 |
33082-33083 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T20540 |
33101-33103 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T20541 |
33104-33107 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T20542 |
33108-33110 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T20543 |
33107-33108 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T20544 |
33114-33125 |
NNS |
denotes |
hepatocytes |
T20545 |
33110-33111 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T20546 |
33111-33112 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T20547 |
33112-33113 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T20548 |
33126-33130 |
WDT |
denotes |
that |
T20549 |
33131-33138 |
VBZ |
denotes |
results |
T20550 |
33139-33141 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T20551 |
33142-33144 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T20552 |
33145-33154 |
NN |
denotes |
inability |
T20553 |
33155-33157 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T20554 |
33158-33166 |
VB |
denotes |
maintain |
T20555 |
33167-33175 |
JJ |
denotes |
cellular |
T20556 |
33182-33189 |
NN |
denotes |
balance |
T20557 |
33176-33181 |
NN |
denotes |
lipid |
T20558 |
33190-33192 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T20559 |
33193-33196 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T20560 |
33197-33204 |
NN |
denotes |
context |
T20561 |
33205-33207 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T20562 |
33208-33217 |
VBN |
denotes |
increased |
T20563 |
33218-33226 |
NN |
denotes |
delivery |
T20564 |
33227-33229 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T20565 |
33230-33235 |
NN |
denotes |
lipid |
T20566 |
33236-33240 |
JJ |
denotes |
such |
T20567 |
33241-33243 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T20568 |
33244-33250 |
VBZ |
denotes |
occurs |
T20569 |
33251-33255 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T20570 |
33256-33263 |
NN |
denotes |
fasting |
T20571 |
33263-33264 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T20572 |
33264-35278 |
sentence |
denotes |
Figure 7 Fasting-Induced Hepatic Steatosis Develops in PGC-1α−/− Mice
(A) The photograph depicts the development of a pale liver in PGC-1α−/− mice subjected to a 24-h fast.
(B) Oil red O staining of histologic sections of liver taken from PGC-1α−/− mice under fed and 24 h fasted conditions. The red staining indicates neutral lipid.
(C) Representative electron micrographs of the liver from PGC-1α+/+ and PGC-1α−/− mice following a 24-h fast. The droplets are indicative of neutral lipid accumulation.
(D) Mean liver TAG levels in PGC-1α+/+ (n = 5) and PGC-1α−/− (n = 5) mice under fed and 24-h fasted conditions. * p < 0.05.
Figure 8 Hepatocytes Isolated from PGC-1α−/− Mice Exhibit Reduced Oxidative Capacity
(A) Oil red O staining of isolated hepatocytes exposed to BSA alone (BSA) or 50 μM oleate complexed to BSA (oleate).
(B) 3H-palmitate oxidation rates. 3H-palmitate oxidation rates determined in hepatocytes isolated from PGC-1α+/+ and PGC-1α−/− mice under cell culture conditions containing BSA or BSA + 50 μM oleate (2:1 oleate/BSA ratio). Values were derived from ten sets of triplicates for each group using hepatocytes from 5 mice of each genotype. The bars represent mean oxidation rates (n = 100) normalized to the condition of PGC-1α+/+ in BSA alone. * p < 0.05 compared to the corresponding PGC-1α+/+ mice. † p < 0.05 compared to PGC-1α+/+ with BSA treatment.
(C) State 2 and 3 respiration rates determined for hepatocytes isolated from PGC-1α+/+ (n = 3) and PGC-1α−/− (n = 3) mice using succinate/rotenone as a substrate. * p < 0.05 compared to corresponding PGC-1α+/+.
(D) TAG synthesis rates in isolated hepatocytes. The bars represent mean TAG synthesis rates (glycerol incorporation, see Materials and Methods) for hepatocytes isolated from PGC-1α+/+ (n = 6) and PGC-1α−/− (n = 6) mice. * p < 0.05 compared to the corresponding PGC-1α+/+ condition. PPAR, a known regulator of hepatic mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation enzyme gene expression, is a target for coactivation by PGC-1α [31]. |
T20573 |
35140-35144 |
NN |
denotes |
PPAR |
T20574 |
35234-35236 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T20575 |
35144-35146 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T20576 |
35146-35147 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T20577 |
35154-35163 |
NN |
denotes |
regulator |
T20578 |
35148-35153 |
JJ |
denotes |
known |
T20579 |
35164-35166 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T20580 |
35167-35174 |
JJ |
denotes |
hepatic |
T20581 |
35210-35216 |
NN |
denotes |
enzyme |
T20582 |
35175-35188 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T20583 |
35189-35194 |
JJ |
denotes |
fatty |
T20584 |
35195-35199 |
NN |
denotes |
acid |
T20585 |
35200-35209 |
NN |
denotes |
oxidation |
T20586 |
35222-35232 |
NN |
denotes |
expression |
T20587 |
35217-35221 |
NN |
denotes |
gene |
T20588 |
35232-35234 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T20589 |
35237-35238 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T20590 |
35239-35245 |
NN |
denotes |
target |
T20591 |
35246-35249 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T20592 |
35250-35262 |
NN |
denotes |
coactivation |
T20593 |
35263-35265 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T20594 |
35266-35269 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T20595 |
35270-35272 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T20596 |
35269-35270 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T20597 |
35273-35274 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T20598 |
35274-35276 |
CD |
denotes |
31 |
T20599 |
35276-35277 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T20600 |
35277-35278 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T20601 |
35278-35418 |
sentence |
denotes |
Therefore, we sought to determine whether the steatotic phenotype of the PGC-1α−/− mice related to reduced expression of PPAR target genes. |
T20602 |
35279-35288 |
RB |
denotes |
Therefore |
T20603 |
35293-35299 |
VBD |
denotes |
sought |
T20604 |
35288-35290 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T20605 |
35290-35292 |
PRP |
denotes |
we |
T20606 |
35300-35302 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T20607 |
35303-35312 |
VB |
denotes |
determine |
T20608 |
35313-35320 |
IN |
denotes |
whether |
T20609 |
35367-35374 |
VBN |
denotes |
related |
T20610 |
35321-35324 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T20611 |
35335-35344 |
NN |
denotes |
phenotype |
T20612 |
35325-35334 |
JJ |
denotes |
steatotic |
T20613 |
35345-35347 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T20614 |
35348-35351 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T20615 |
35362-35366 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T20616 |
35352-35355 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T20617 |
35356-35358 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T20618 |
35355-35356 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T20619 |
35358-35359 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T20620 |
35359-35360 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T20621 |
35360-35361 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T20622 |
35375-35377 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T20623 |
35378-35385 |
VBN |
denotes |
reduced |
T20624 |
35386-35396 |
NN |
denotes |
expression |
T20625 |
35397-35399 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T20626 |
35400-35404 |
NN |
denotes |
PPAR |
T20627 |
35412-35417 |
NNS |
denotes |
genes |
T20628 |
35405-35411 |
NN |
denotes |
target |
T20629 |
35417-35418 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T20630 |
35418-35517 |
sentence |
denotes |
To this end, a survey of candidate genes and gene expression profiling experiments were performed. |
T20631 |
35419-35421 |
IN |
denotes |
To |
T20632 |
35507-35516 |
VBN |
denotes |
performed |
T20633 |
35422-35426 |
DT |
denotes |
this |
T20634 |
35427-35430 |
NN |
denotes |
end |
T20635 |
35430-35432 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T20636 |
35432-35433 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T20637 |
35434-35440 |
NN |
denotes |
survey |
T20638 |
35441-35443 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T20639 |
35444-35453 |
NN |
denotes |
candidate |
T20640 |
35454-35459 |
NNS |
denotes |
genes |
T20641 |
35460-35463 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T20642 |
35464-35468 |
NN |
denotes |
gene |
T20643 |
35469-35479 |
NN |
denotes |
expression |
T20644 |
35480-35489 |
NN |
denotes |
profiling |
T20645 |
35490-35501 |
NNS |
denotes |
experiments |
T20646 |
35502-35506 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T20647 |
35516-35517 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T20648 |
35517-35734 |
sentence |
denotes |
Surprisingly, the hepatic expression of PPAR target genes involved in cellular fatty acid and oxidation (MCPT and MCAD) were not significantly different between the genotypes under fed or fasted conditions (Table 2). |
T20649 |
35518-35530 |
RB |
denotes |
Surprisingly |
T20650 |
35638-35642 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T20651 |
35530-35532 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T20652 |
35532-35535 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T20653 |
35544-35554 |
NN |
denotes |
expression |
T20654 |
35536-35543 |
JJ |
denotes |
hepatic |
T20655 |
35555-35557 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T20656 |
35558-35562 |
NN |
denotes |
PPAR |
T20657 |
35570-35575 |
NNS |
denotes |
genes |
T20658 |
35563-35569 |
NN |
denotes |
target |
T20659 |
35576-35584 |
VBN |
denotes |
involved |
T20660 |
35585-35587 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T20661 |
35588-35596 |
JJ |
denotes |
cellular |
T20662 |
35603-35607 |
NN |
denotes |
acid |
T20663 |
35597-35602 |
JJ |
denotes |
fatty |
T20664 |
35608-35611 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T20665 |
35612-35621 |
NN |
denotes |
oxidation |
T20666 |
35622-35623 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T20667 |
35623-35627 |
NN |
denotes |
MCPT |
T20668 |
35628-35631 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T20669 |
35632-35636 |
NN |
denotes |
MCAD |
T20670 |
35636-35637 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T20671 |
35643-35646 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T20672 |
35647-35660 |
RB |
denotes |
significantly |
T20673 |
35661-35670 |
JJ |
denotes |
different |
T20674 |
35671-35678 |
IN |
denotes |
between |
T20675 |
35679-35682 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T20676 |
35683-35692 |
NNS |
denotes |
genotypes |
T20677 |
35693-35698 |
IN |
denotes |
under |
T20678 |
35699-35702 |
VBN |
denotes |
fed |
T20679 |
35713-35723 |
NNS |
denotes |
conditions |
T20680 |
35703-35705 |
CC |
denotes |
or |
T20681 |
35706-35712 |
VBN |
denotes |
fasted |
T20682 |
35724-35725 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T20683 |
35725-35730 |
NN |
denotes |
Table |
T20684 |
35731-35732 |
CD |
denotes |
2 |
T20685 |
35732-35733 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T20686 |
35733-35734 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T20687 |
35734-35925 |
sentence |
denotes |
Next, we performed experiments to determine whether the reduced capacity for fat oxidation in the hepatocytes of the PGC-1α−/− mice was related to altered mitochondrial respiratory function. |
T20688 |
35735-35739 |
RB |
denotes |
Next |
T20689 |
35744-35753 |
VBD |
denotes |
performed |
T20690 |
35739-35741 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T20691 |
35741-35743 |
PRP |
denotes |
we |
T20692 |
35754-35765 |
NNS |
denotes |
experiments |
T20693 |
35766-35768 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T20694 |
35769-35778 |
VB |
denotes |
determine |
T20695 |
35779-35786 |
IN |
denotes |
whether |
T20696 |
35871-35878 |
VBN |
denotes |
related |
T20697 |
35787-35790 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T20698 |
35799-35807 |
NN |
denotes |
capacity |
T20699 |
35791-35798 |
VBN |
denotes |
reduced |
T20700 |
35808-35811 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T20701 |
35812-35815 |
NN |
denotes |
fat |
T20702 |
35816-35825 |
NN |
denotes |
oxidation |
T20703 |
35826-35828 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T20704 |
35829-35832 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T20705 |
35833-35844 |
NNS |
denotes |
hepatocytes |
T20706 |
35845-35847 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T20707 |
35848-35851 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T20708 |
35862-35866 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T20709 |
35852-35855 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T20710 |
35856-35858 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T20711 |
35855-35856 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T20712 |
35858-35859 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T20713 |
35859-35860 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T20714 |
35860-35861 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T20715 |
35867-35870 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T20716 |
35879-35881 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T20717 |
35882-35889 |
JJ |
denotes |
altered |
T20718 |
35916-35924 |
NN |
denotes |
function |
T20719 |
35890-35903 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T20720 |
35904-35915 |
JJ |
denotes |
respiratory |
T20721 |
35924-35925 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T20722 |
35925-36080 |
sentence |
denotes |
Compared to the WT controls, PGC-1α−/− hepatocytes exhibited a modest but significant reduction in both state 2 and state 3 respiration rates (Figure 8C). |
T20723 |
35926-35934 |
VBN |
denotes |
Compared |
T20724 |
35977-35986 |
VBD |
denotes |
exhibited |
T20725 |
35935-35937 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T20726 |
35938-35941 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T20727 |
35945-35953 |
NNS |
denotes |
controls |
T20728 |
35942-35944 |
NN |
denotes |
WT |
T20729 |
35953-35955 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T20730 |
35955-35958 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T20731 |
35959-35961 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T20732 |
35958-35959 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T20733 |
35965-35976 |
NNS |
denotes |
hepatocytes |
T20734 |
35961-35962 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T20735 |
35962-35963 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T20736 |
35963-35964 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T20737 |
35987-35988 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T20738 |
36012-36021 |
NN |
denotes |
reduction |
T20739 |
35989-35995 |
JJ |
denotes |
modest |
T20740 |
35996-35999 |
CC |
denotes |
but |
T20741 |
36000-36011 |
JJ |
denotes |
significant |
T20742 |
36022-36024 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T20743 |
36025-36029 |
CC |
denotes |
both |
T20744 |
36030-36035 |
NN |
denotes |
state |
T20745 |
36062-36067 |
NNS |
denotes |
rates |
T20746 |
36036-36037 |
CD |
denotes |
2 |
T20747 |
36038-36041 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T20748 |
36042-36047 |
NN |
denotes |
state |
T20749 |
36048-36049 |
CD |
denotes |
3 |
T20750 |
36050-36061 |
NN |
denotes |
respiration |
T20751 |
36068-36069 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T20752 |
36076-36078 |
NN |
denotes |
8C |
T20753 |
36069-36075 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T20754 |
36078-36079 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T20755 |
36079-36080 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T20756 |
36080-36263 |
sentence |
denotes |
These results identify one potential mechanism responsible for the fasting-induced hepatic steatosis: reduced capacity for fat oxidation due to mitochondrial respiratory dysfunction. |
T20757 |
36081-36086 |
DT |
denotes |
These |
T20758 |
36087-36094 |
NNS |
denotes |
results |
T20759 |
36095-36103 |
VBP |
denotes |
identify |
T20760 |
36104-36107 |
CD |
denotes |
one |
T20761 |
36118-36127 |
NN |
denotes |
mechanism |
T20762 |
36108-36117 |
JJ |
denotes |
potential |
T20763 |
36128-36139 |
JJ |
denotes |
responsible |
T20764 |
36140-36143 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T20765 |
36144-36147 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T20766 |
36172-36181 |
NN |
denotes |
steatosis |
T20767 |
36148-36155 |
NN |
denotes |
fasting |
T20768 |
36156-36163 |
VBN |
denotes |
induced |
T20769 |
36155-36156 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T20770 |
36164-36171 |
JJ |
denotes |
hepatic |
T20771 |
36181-36183 |
: |
denotes |
: |
T20772 |
36183-36190 |
VBN |
denotes |
reduced |
T20773 |
36191-36199 |
NN |
denotes |
capacity |
T20774 |
36200-36203 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T20775 |
36204-36207 |
NN |
denotes |
fat |
T20776 |
36208-36217 |
NN |
denotes |
oxidation |
T20777 |
36218-36221 |
IN |
denotes |
due |
T20778 |
36222-36224 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T20779 |
36225-36238 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T20780 |
36251-36262 |
NN |
denotes |
dysfunction |
T20781 |
36239-36250 |
JJ |
denotes |
respiratory |
T20782 |
36262-36263 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T20783 |
36263-37217 |
sentence |
denotes |
Table 2 Metabolic Gene Expression in Liver of Fed and Fasted PGC-1α+/+ and PGC-1α−/− Mice
Values represent mean (± SEM) (n ≥ 6 for each group) mRNA levels as determined by real-time RT-PCR corrected for GAPDH signal intensity and normalized (to 1.0) to the value of fed PGC-1α+/+ mice a p < 0.05 versus fed mice of the same genotype b p < 0.05 versus PGC-1α+/+ mice of the same dietary treatment L-CPT I, liver-type carnitine palmitoyltransferase; MCAD, medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase; SREBP, sterol regulatory element binding protein; SCD, steroyl-CoA desaturase; FAS, fatty acid synthase; GPAT, glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase; DGAT, diacylglycerol acyltransferase Although the liver gene expression profiling studies did not reveal abnormalities in the fatty acid oxidation pathway in the PGC-1α−/− mice, several interesting differences in the activity of the sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) pathway were noted. |
T20784 |
36946-36954 |
IN |
denotes |
Although |
T20785 |
37007-37013 |
VB |
denotes |
reveal |
T20786 |
36955-36958 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T20787 |
36991-36998 |
NNS |
denotes |
studies |
T20788 |
36959-36964 |
NN |
denotes |
liver |
T20789 |
36965-36969 |
NN |
denotes |
gene |
T20790 |
36981-36990 |
NN |
denotes |
profiling |
T20791 |
36970-36980 |
NN |
denotes |
expression |
T20792 |
36999-37002 |
VBD |
denotes |
did |
T20793 |
37003-37006 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T20794 |
37211-37216 |
VBN |
denotes |
noted |
T20795 |
37014-37027 |
NNS |
denotes |
abnormalities |
T20796 |
37028-37030 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T20797 |
37031-37034 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T20798 |
37056-37063 |
NN |
denotes |
pathway |
T20799 |
37035-37040 |
JJ |
denotes |
fatty |
T20800 |
37041-37045 |
NN |
denotes |
acid |
T20801 |
37046-37055 |
NN |
denotes |
oxidation |
T20802 |
37064-37066 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T20803 |
37067-37070 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T20804 |
37081-37085 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T20805 |
37071-37074 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T20806 |
37075-37077 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T20807 |
37074-37075 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T20808 |
37077-37078 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T20809 |
37078-37079 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T20810 |
37079-37080 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T20811 |
37085-37087 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T20812 |
37087-37094 |
JJ |
denotes |
several |
T20813 |
37107-37118 |
NNS |
denotes |
differences |
T20814 |
37095-37106 |
JJ |
denotes |
interesting |
T20815 |
37119-37121 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T20816 |
37122-37125 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T20817 |
37126-37134 |
NN |
denotes |
activity |
T20818 |
37135-37137 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T20819 |
37138-37141 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T20820 |
37198-37205 |
NN |
denotes |
pathway |
T20821 |
37142-37148 |
NN |
denotes |
sterol |
T20822 |
37176-37183 |
NN |
denotes |
protein |
T20823 |
37149-37159 |
JJ |
denotes |
regulatory |
T20824 |
37160-37167 |
NN |
denotes |
element |
T20825 |
37168-37175 |
NN |
denotes |
binding |
T20826 |
37184-37186 |
NN |
denotes |
1c |
T20827 |
37183-37184 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T20828 |
37187-37188 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T20829 |
37188-37193 |
NN |
denotes |
SREBP |
T20830 |
37194-37196 |
NN |
denotes |
1c |
T20831 |
37193-37194 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T20832 |
37196-37197 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T20833 |
37206-37210 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T20834 |
37216-37217 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T20835 |
37217-37375 |
sentence |
denotes |
Specifically, the fasting-mediated down-regulation of SREBP-1c and its target gene stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD1), was abolished in PGC-1α−/− mice (Table 2). |
T20836 |
37218-37230 |
RB |
denotes |
Specifically |
T20837 |
37337-37346 |
VBN |
denotes |
abolished |
T20838 |
37230-37232 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T20839 |
37232-37235 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T20840 |
37258-37268 |
NN |
denotes |
regulation |
T20841 |
37236-37243 |
NN |
denotes |
fasting |
T20842 |
37244-37252 |
VBN |
denotes |
mediated |
T20843 |
37243-37244 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T20844 |
37253-37257 |
NN |
denotes |
down |
T20845 |
37257-37258 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T20846 |
37269-37271 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T20847 |
37272-37277 |
NN |
denotes |
SREBP |
T20848 |
37278-37280 |
NN |
denotes |
1c |
T20849 |
37277-37278 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T20850 |
37281-37284 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T20851 |
37285-37288 |
PRP$ |
denotes |
its |
T20852 |
37296-37300 |
NN |
denotes |
gene |
T20853 |
37289-37295 |
NN |
denotes |
target |
T20854 |
37301-37309 |
NN |
denotes |
stearoyl |
T20855 |
37314-37324 |
NN |
denotes |
desaturase |
T20856 |
37309-37310 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T20857 |
37310-37313 |
NN |
denotes |
CoA |
T20858 |
37325-37326 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T20859 |
37326-37330 |
NN |
denotes |
SCD1 |
T20860 |
37330-37331 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T20861 |
37331-37333 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T20862 |
37333-37336 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T20863 |
37347-37349 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T20864 |
37350-37353 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T20865 |
37354-37356 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T20866 |
37353-37354 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T20867 |
37360-37364 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T20868 |
37356-37357 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T20869 |
37357-37358 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T20870 |
37358-37359 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T20871 |
37365-37366 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T20872 |
37366-37371 |
NN |
denotes |
Table |
T20873 |
37372-37373 |
CD |
denotes |
2 |
T20874 |
37373-37374 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T20875 |
37374-37375 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T20876 |
37375-37601 |
sentence |
denotes |
Furthermore, expression of the gene encoding diglyceride acyltransferase (DGAT), which catalyzes the last step in TAG synthesis, was activated at baseline and induced by fasting to a greater level in PGC-1α−/− mice (Table 2). |
T20877 |
37376-37387 |
RB |
denotes |
Furthermore |
T20878 |
37509-37518 |
VBN |
denotes |
activated |
T20879 |
37387-37389 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T20880 |
37389-37399 |
NN |
denotes |
expression |
T20881 |
37400-37402 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T20882 |
37403-37406 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T20883 |
37407-37411 |
NN |
denotes |
gene |
T20884 |
37412-37420 |
VBG |
denotes |
encoding |
T20885 |
37421-37432 |
NN |
denotes |
diglyceride |
T20886 |
37433-37448 |
NN |
denotes |
acyltransferase |
T20887 |
37449-37450 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T20888 |
37450-37454 |
NN |
denotes |
DGAT |
T20889 |
37454-37455 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T20890 |
37455-37457 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T20891 |
37457-37462 |
WDT |
denotes |
which |
T20892 |
37463-37472 |
VBZ |
denotes |
catalyzes |
T20893 |
37473-37476 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T20894 |
37482-37486 |
NN |
denotes |
step |
T20895 |
37477-37481 |
JJ |
denotes |
last |
T20896 |
37487-37489 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T20897 |
37490-37493 |
NN |
denotes |
TAG |
T20898 |
37494-37503 |
NN |
denotes |
synthesis |
T20899 |
37503-37505 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T20900 |
37505-37508 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T20901 |
37519-37521 |
IN |
denotes |
at |
T20902 |
37522-37530 |
NN |
denotes |
baseline |
T20903 |
37531-37534 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T20904 |
37535-37542 |
VBN |
denotes |
induced |
T20905 |
37543-37545 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T20906 |
37546-37553 |
VBG |
denotes |
fasting |
T20907 |
37554-37556 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T20908 |
37557-37558 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T20909 |
37567-37572 |
NN |
denotes |
level |
T20910 |
37559-37566 |
JJR |
denotes |
greater |
T20911 |
37573-37575 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T20912 |
37576-37579 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T20913 |
37580-37582 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T20914 |
37579-37580 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T20915 |
37586-37590 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T20916 |
37582-37583 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T20917 |
37583-37584 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T20918 |
37584-37585 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T20919 |
37591-37592 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T20920 |
37592-37597 |
NN |
denotes |
Table |
T20921 |
37598-37599 |
CD |
denotes |
2 |
T20922 |
37599-37600 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T20923 |
37600-37601 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T20924 |
37601-37744 |
sentence |
denotes |
These results suggest that, in addition to a defect in oxidation, components of the TAG synthesis pathway are activated in the PGC-1α−/− mice. |
T20925 |
37602-37607 |
DT |
denotes |
These |
T20926 |
37608-37615 |
NNS |
denotes |
results |
T20927 |
37616-37623 |
VBP |
denotes |
suggest |
T20928 |
37624-37628 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T20929 |
37712-37721 |
VBN |
denotes |
activated |
T20930 |
37628-37630 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T20931 |
37630-37632 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T20932 |
37633-37641 |
NN |
denotes |
addition |
T20933 |
37642-37644 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T20934 |
37645-37646 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T20935 |
37647-37653 |
NN |
denotes |
defect |
T20936 |
37654-37656 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T20937 |
37657-37666 |
NN |
denotes |
oxidation |
T20938 |
37666-37668 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T20939 |
37668-37678 |
NNS |
denotes |
components |
T20940 |
37679-37681 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T20941 |
37682-37685 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T20942 |
37700-37707 |
NN |
denotes |
pathway |
T20943 |
37686-37689 |
NN |
denotes |
TAG |
T20944 |
37690-37699 |
NN |
denotes |
synthesis |
T20945 |
37708-37711 |
VBP |
denotes |
are |
T20946 |
37722-37724 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T20947 |
37725-37728 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T20948 |
37739-37743 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T20949 |
37729-37732 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T20950 |
37733-37735 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T20951 |
37732-37733 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T20952 |
37735-37736 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T20953 |
37736-37737 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T20954 |
37737-37738 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T20955 |
37743-37744 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T20956 |
37744-37868 |
sentence |
denotes |
To evaluate this possibility directly, rates of 3H-glycerol incorporation into TAG were determined in isolated hepatocytes. |
T20957 |
37745-37747 |
TO |
denotes |
To |
T20958 |
37748-37756 |
VB |
denotes |
evaluate |
T20959 |
37833-37843 |
VBN |
denotes |
determined |
T20960 |
37757-37761 |
DT |
denotes |
this |
T20961 |
37762-37773 |
NN |
denotes |
possibility |
T20962 |
37774-37782 |
RB |
denotes |
directly |
T20963 |
37782-37784 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T20964 |
37784-37789 |
NNS |
denotes |
rates |
T20965 |
37790-37792 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T20966 |
37793-37795 |
NN |
denotes |
3H |
T20967 |
37796-37804 |
NN |
denotes |
glycerol |
T20968 |
37795-37796 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T20969 |
37805-37818 |
NN |
denotes |
incorporation |
T20970 |
37819-37823 |
IN |
denotes |
into |
T20971 |
37824-37827 |
NN |
denotes |
TAG |
T20972 |
37828-37832 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T20973 |
37844-37846 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T20974 |
37847-37855 |
VBN |
denotes |
isolated |
T20975 |
37856-37867 |
NNS |
denotes |
hepatocytes |
T20976 |
37867-37868 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T20977 |
37868-38176 |
sentence |
denotes |
3H-TAG incorporation was increased nearly 50% in hepatocytes isolated from PGC-1α−/− mice compared to PGC-1α+/+ controls (Figure 8D), confirming that TAG synthesis rates are increased in PGC-1α null hepatocytes, identifying a second potential mechanism contributing to the fasting-induced hepatic steatosis. |
T20978 |
37869-37871 |
NN |
denotes |
3H |
T20979 |
37872-37875 |
NN |
denotes |
TAG |
T20980 |
37871-37872 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T20981 |
37876-37889 |
NN |
denotes |
incorporation |
T20982 |
37894-37903 |
VBN |
denotes |
increased |
T20983 |
37890-37893 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T20984 |
37904-37910 |
RB |
denotes |
nearly |
T20985 |
37911-37913 |
CD |
denotes |
50 |
T20986 |
37913-37914 |
NN |
denotes |
% |
T20987 |
37915-37917 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T20988 |
37918-37929 |
NNS |
denotes |
hepatocytes |
T20989 |
37930-37938 |
VBN |
denotes |
isolated |
T20990 |
37939-37943 |
IN |
denotes |
from |
T20991 |
37944-37947 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T20992 |
37948-37950 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T20993 |
37947-37948 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T20994 |
37954-37958 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T20995 |
37950-37951 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T20996 |
37951-37952 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T20997 |
37952-37953 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T20998 |
37959-37967 |
VBN |
denotes |
compared |
T20999 |
37968-37970 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T21000 |
37971-37974 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T21001 |
37975-37977 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T21002 |
37974-37975 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T21003 |
37981-37989 |
NNS |
denotes |
controls |
T21004 |
37977-37978 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T21005 |
37978-37979 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T21006 |
37979-37980 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T21007 |
37990-37991 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T21008 |
37998-38000 |
NN |
denotes |
8D |
T21009 |
37991-37997 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T21010 |
38000-38001 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T21011 |
38001-38003 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T21012 |
38003-38013 |
VBG |
denotes |
confirming |
T21013 |
38014-38018 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T21014 |
38043-38052 |
VBN |
denotes |
increased |
T21015 |
38019-38022 |
NN |
denotes |
TAG |
T21016 |
38023-38032 |
NN |
denotes |
synthesis |
T21017 |
38033-38038 |
NNS |
denotes |
rates |
T21018 |
38039-38042 |
VBP |
denotes |
are |
T21019 |
38053-38055 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T21020 |
38056-38059 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T21021 |
38060-38062 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T21022 |
38059-38060 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T21023 |
38063-38067 |
JJ |
denotes |
null |
T21024 |
38068-38079 |
NNS |
denotes |
hepatocytes |
T21025 |
38079-38081 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T21026 |
38081-38092 |
VBG |
denotes |
identifying |
T21027 |
38093-38094 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T21028 |
38112-38121 |
NN |
denotes |
mechanism |
T21029 |
38095-38101 |
JJ |
denotes |
second |
T21030 |
38102-38111 |
JJ |
denotes |
potential |
T21031 |
38122-38134 |
VBG |
denotes |
contributing |
T21032 |
38135-38137 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T21033 |
38138-38141 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T21034 |
38166-38175 |
NN |
denotes |
steatosis |
T21035 |
38142-38149 |
NN |
denotes |
fasting |
T21036 |
38150-38157 |
VBN |
denotes |
induced |
T21037 |
38149-38150 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T21038 |
38158-38165 |
JJ |
denotes |
hepatic |
T21039 |
38175-38176 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T22539 |
38178-38185 |
IN |
denotes |
Despite |
T22540 |
38239-38246 |
VB |
denotes |
Exhibit |
T22541 |
38186-38187 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T22542 |
38199-38208 |
NN |
denotes |
Phenotype |
T22543 |
38188-38192 |
JJ |
denotes |
Mild |
T22544 |
38193-38198 |
JJ |
denotes |
Obese |
T22545 |
38208-38210 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T22546 |
38210-38216 |
JJ |
denotes |
Female |
T22547 |
38227-38231 |
NNS |
denotes |
Mice |
T22548 |
38217-38220 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T22549 |
38221-38223 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T22550 |
38220-38221 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T22551 |
38223-38224 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T22552 |
38224-38225 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T22553 |
38225-38226 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T22554 |
38232-38234 |
VBP |
denotes |
Do |
T22555 |
38235-38238 |
RB |
denotes |
Not |
T22556 |
38247-38254 |
NN |
denotes |
Insulin |
T22557 |
38255-38265 |
NN |
denotes |
Resistance |
T22558 |
38265-38524 |
sentence |
denotes |
Recent studies have suggested that specific PGC-1α single nucleotide polymorphisms and haplotypes may influence the development of insulin resistance and diabetes [27,30] and that PGC-1 activity is diminished in insulin-resistant and diabetic muscle [22,23]. |
T22559 |
38266-38272 |
JJ |
denotes |
Recent |
T22560 |
38273-38280 |
NNS |
denotes |
studies |
T22561 |
38286-38295 |
VBN |
denotes |
suggested |
T22562 |
38281-38285 |
VBP |
denotes |
have |
T22563 |
38296-38300 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T22564 |
38368-38377 |
VB |
denotes |
influence |
T22565 |
38301-38309 |
JJ |
denotes |
specific |
T22566 |
38314-38316 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T22567 |
38310-38313 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T22568 |
38313-38314 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T22569 |
38317-38323 |
JJ |
denotes |
single |
T22570 |
38324-38334 |
NN |
denotes |
nucleotide |
T22571 |
38335-38348 |
NNS |
denotes |
polymorphisms |
T22572 |
38349-38352 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T22573 |
38353-38363 |
NNS |
denotes |
haplotypes |
T22574 |
38364-38367 |
MD |
denotes |
may |
T22575 |
38378-38381 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T22576 |
38382-38393 |
NN |
denotes |
development |
T22577 |
38394-38396 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T22578 |
38397-38404 |
NN |
denotes |
insulin |
T22579 |
38405-38415 |
NN |
denotes |
resistance |
T22580 |
38416-38419 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T22581 |
38420-38428 |
NN |
denotes |
diabetes |
T22582 |
38429-38430 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T22583 |
38433-38435 |
CD |
denotes |
30 |
T22584 |
38430-38432 |
CD |
denotes |
27 |
T22585 |
38432-38433 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T22586 |
38435-38436 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T22587 |
38437-38440 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T22588 |
38441-38445 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T22589 |
38464-38474 |
VBN |
denotes |
diminished |
T22590 |
38446-38449 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T22591 |
38452-38460 |
NN |
denotes |
activity |
T22592 |
38449-38450 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T22593 |
38450-38451 |
CD |
denotes |
1 |
T22594 |
38461-38463 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T22595 |
38475-38477 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T22596 |
38478-38485 |
NN |
denotes |
insulin |
T22597 |
38486-38495 |
JJ |
denotes |
resistant |
T22598 |
38485-38486 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T22599 |
38509-38515 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T22600 |
38496-38499 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T22601 |
38500-38508 |
JJ |
denotes |
diabetic |
T22602 |
38516-38517 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T22603 |
38520-38522 |
CD |
denotes |
23 |
T22604 |
38517-38519 |
CD |
denotes |
22 |
T22605 |
38519-38520 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T22606 |
38522-38523 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T22607 |
38523-38524 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T22608 |
38524-38625 |
sentence |
denotes |
Accordingly, peripheral glucose disposal and insulin responsiveness were examined in PGC-1α−/− mice. |
T22609 |
38525-38536 |
RB |
denotes |
Accordingly |
T22610 |
38598-38606 |
VBN |
denotes |
examined |
T22611 |
38536-38538 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T22612 |
38538-38548 |
JJ |
denotes |
peripheral |
T22613 |
38557-38565 |
NN |
denotes |
disposal |
T22614 |
38549-38556 |
NN |
denotes |
glucose |
T22615 |
38566-38569 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T22616 |
38570-38577 |
NN |
denotes |
insulin |
T22617 |
38578-38592 |
NN |
denotes |
responsiveness |
T22618 |
38593-38597 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T22619 |
38607-38609 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T22620 |
38610-38613 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T22621 |
38614-38616 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T22622 |
38613-38614 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T22623 |
38620-38624 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T22624 |
38616-38617 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T22625 |
38617-38618 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T22626 |
38618-38619 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T22627 |
38624-38625 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T22628 |
38625-38805 |
sentence |
denotes |
Glucose tolerance testing of 2-mo-old male and female mice revealed no significant difference in blood glucose excursion between PGC-1α+/+ and PGC-1α−/− groups (unpublished data). |
T22629 |
38626-38633 |
NN |
denotes |
Glucose |
T22630 |
38634-38643 |
NN |
denotes |
tolerance |
T22631 |
38644-38651 |
NN |
denotes |
testing |
T22632 |
38685-38693 |
VBD |
denotes |
revealed |
T22633 |
38652-38654 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T22634 |
38655-38656 |
CD |
denotes |
2 |
T22635 |
38657-38659 |
NN |
denotes |
mo |
T22636 |
38656-38657 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T22637 |
38660-38663 |
JJ |
denotes |
old |
T22638 |
38659-38660 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T22639 |
38680-38684 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T22640 |
38664-38668 |
JJ |
denotes |
male |
T22641 |
38669-38672 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T22642 |
38673-38679 |
JJ |
denotes |
female |
T22643 |
38694-38696 |
DT |
denotes |
no |
T22644 |
38709-38719 |
NN |
denotes |
difference |
T22645 |
38697-38708 |
JJ |
denotes |
significant |
T22646 |
38720-38722 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T22647 |
38723-38728 |
NN |
denotes |
blood |
T22648 |
38729-38736 |
NN |
denotes |
glucose |
T22649 |
38737-38746 |
NN |
denotes |
excursion |
T22650 |
38747-38754 |
IN |
denotes |
between |
T22651 |
38755-38758 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T22652 |
38759-38761 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T22653 |
38758-38759 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T22654 |
38779-38785 |
NNS |
denotes |
groups |
T22655 |
38761-38762 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T22656 |
38762-38763 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T22657 |
38763-38764 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T22658 |
38765-38768 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T22659 |
38769-38772 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T22660 |
38773-38775 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T22661 |
38772-38773 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T22662 |
38775-38776 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T22663 |
38776-38777 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T22664 |
38777-38778 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T22665 |
38786-38787 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T22666 |
38799-38803 |
NNS |
denotes |
data |
T22667 |
38787-38798 |
JJ |
denotes |
unpublished |
T22668 |
38803-38804 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T22669 |
38804-38805 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T22670 |
38805-38967 |
sentence |
denotes |
Given that older female PGC-1α−/− mice develop an increase in body fat stores, glucose tolerance and insulin responsiveness were further evaluated in this group. |
T22671 |
38806-38811 |
VBN |
denotes |
Given |
T22672 |
38943-38952 |
VBN |
denotes |
evaluated |
T22673 |
38812-38816 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T22674 |
38845-38852 |
VBP |
denotes |
develop |
T22675 |
38817-38822 |
JJR |
denotes |
older |
T22676 |
38840-38844 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T22677 |
38823-38829 |
JJ |
denotes |
female |
T22678 |
38830-38833 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T22679 |
38834-38836 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T22680 |
38833-38834 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T22681 |
38836-38837 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T22682 |
38837-38838 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T22683 |
38838-38839 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T22684 |
38853-38855 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T22685 |
38856-38864 |
NN |
denotes |
increase |
T22686 |
38865-38867 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T22687 |
38868-38872 |
NN |
denotes |
body |
T22688 |
38873-38876 |
NN |
denotes |
fat |
T22689 |
38877-38883 |
NNS |
denotes |
stores |
T22690 |
38883-38885 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T22691 |
38885-38892 |
NN |
denotes |
glucose |
T22692 |
38893-38902 |
NN |
denotes |
tolerance |
T22693 |
38903-38906 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T22694 |
38907-38914 |
NN |
denotes |
insulin |
T22695 |
38915-38929 |
NN |
denotes |
responsiveness |
T22696 |
38930-38934 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T22697 |
38935-38942 |
RB |
denotes |
further |
T22698 |
38953-38955 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T22699 |
38956-38960 |
DT |
denotes |
this |
T22700 |
38961-38966 |
NN |
denotes |
group |
T22701 |
38966-38967 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T22702 |
38967-39307 |
sentence |
denotes |
Glucose tolerance testing in 4.5-mo-old female PGC-1α−/− mice revealed that, despite increased body weight [mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM) weight of PGC-1α+/+ mice = 22.4 ± 0.79 g; PGC-1α−/− mice = 25.2 ± 1.04 g), PGC-1α−/− mice exhibited similar levels of glucose tolerance compared to WT mice on standard rodent chow (Figure 9). |
T22703 |
38968-38975 |
NN |
denotes |
Glucose |
T22704 |
38976-38985 |
NN |
denotes |
tolerance |
T22705 |
38986-38993 |
NN |
denotes |
testing |
T22706 |
39030-39038 |
VBD |
denotes |
revealed |
T22707 |
38994-38996 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T22708 |
38997-39000 |
CD |
denotes |
4.5 |
T22709 |
39001-39003 |
NN |
denotes |
mo |
T22710 |
39000-39001 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T22711 |
39004-39007 |
JJ |
denotes |
old |
T22712 |
39003-39004 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T22713 |
39025-39029 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T22714 |
39008-39014 |
JJ |
denotes |
female |
T22715 |
39015-39018 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T22716 |
39019-39021 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T22717 |
39018-39019 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T22718 |
39021-39022 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T22719 |
39022-39023 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T22720 |
39023-39024 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T22721 |
39039-39043 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T22722 |
39206-39215 |
VBD |
denotes |
exhibited |
T22723 |
39043-39045 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T22724 |
39045-39052 |
IN |
denotes |
despite |
T22725 |
39053-39062 |
VBN |
denotes |
increased |
T22726 |
39068-39074 |
NN |
denotes |
weight |
T22727 |
39063-39067 |
NN |
denotes |
body |
T22728 |
39075-39076 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T22729 |
39187-39188 |
NN |
denotes |
g |
T22730 |
39076-39080 |
NN |
denotes |
mean |
T22731 |
39116-39122 |
NN |
denotes |
weight |
T22732 |
39081-39082 |
SYM |
denotes |
± |
T22733 |
39083-39091 |
JJ |
denotes |
standard |
T22734 |
39092-39097 |
NN |
denotes |
error |
T22735 |
39098-39100 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T22736 |
39101-39104 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T22737 |
39105-39109 |
NN |
denotes |
mean |
T22738 |
39110-39111 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T22739 |
39111-39114 |
NN |
denotes |
SEM |
T22740 |
39114-39115 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T22741 |
39155-39156 |
NN |
denotes |
g |
T22742 |
39123-39125 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T22743 |
39126-39129 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T22744 |
39130-39132 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T22745 |
39129-39130 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T22746 |
39136-39140 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T22747 |
39132-39133 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T22748 |
39133-39134 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T22749 |
39134-39135 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T22750 |
39141-39142 |
SYM |
denotes |
= |
T22751 |
39143-39147 |
CD |
denotes |
22.4 |
T22752 |
39150-39154 |
CD |
denotes |
0.79 |
T22753 |
39148-39149 |
SYM |
denotes |
± |
T22754 |
39156-39157 |
: |
denotes |
; |
T22755 |
39158-39161 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T22756 |
39162-39164 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T22757 |
39161-39162 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T22758 |
39168-39172 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T22759 |
39164-39165 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T22760 |
39165-39166 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T22761 |
39166-39167 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T22762 |
39173-39174 |
SYM |
denotes |
= |
T22763 |
39175-39179 |
CD |
denotes |
25.2 |
T22764 |
39182-39186 |
CD |
denotes |
1.04 |
T22765 |
39180-39181 |
SYM |
denotes |
± |
T22766 |
39188-39189 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T22767 |
39189-39191 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T22768 |
39191-39194 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T22769 |
39195-39197 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T22770 |
39194-39195 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T22771 |
39201-39205 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T22772 |
39197-39198 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T22773 |
39198-39199 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T22774 |
39199-39200 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T22775 |
39216-39223 |
JJ |
denotes |
similar |
T22776 |
39224-39230 |
NNS |
denotes |
levels |
T22777 |
39231-39233 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T22778 |
39234-39241 |
NN |
denotes |
glucose |
T22779 |
39242-39251 |
NN |
denotes |
tolerance |
T22780 |
39252-39260 |
VBN |
denotes |
compared |
T22781 |
39261-39263 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T22782 |
39264-39266 |
NN |
denotes |
WT |
T22783 |
39267-39271 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T22784 |
39272-39274 |
IN |
denotes |
on |
T22785 |
39275-39283 |
JJ |
denotes |
standard |
T22786 |
39291-39295 |
NN |
denotes |
chow |
T22787 |
39284-39290 |
NN |
denotes |
rodent |
T22788 |
39296-39297 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T22789 |
39297-39303 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T22790 |
39304-39305 |
CD |
denotes |
9 |
T22791 |
39305-39306 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T22792 |
39306-39307 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T22793 |
39307-39491 |
sentence |
denotes |
To examine glucose homeostasis in response to high-fat diet, female PGC-1α+/+ and PGC-1α−/− mice were placed on high-fat chow (43% calories from fat) for 6 wk starting at 8 wk of age. |
T22794 |
39308-39310 |
TO |
denotes |
To |
T22795 |
39311-39318 |
VB |
denotes |
examine |
T22796 |
39410-39416 |
VBN |
denotes |
placed |
T22797 |
39319-39326 |
NN |
denotes |
glucose |
T22798 |
39327-39338 |
NN |
denotes |
homeostasis |
T22799 |
39339-39341 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T22800 |
39342-39350 |
NN |
denotes |
response |
T22801 |
39351-39353 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T22802 |
39354-39358 |
JJ |
denotes |
high |
T22803 |
39359-39362 |
NN |
denotes |
fat |
T22804 |
39358-39359 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T22805 |
39363-39367 |
NN |
denotes |
diet |
T22806 |
39367-39369 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T22807 |
39369-39375 |
JJ |
denotes |
female |
T22808 |
39400-39404 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T22809 |
39376-39379 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T22810 |
39380-39382 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T22811 |
39379-39380 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T22812 |
39382-39383 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T22813 |
39383-39384 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T22814 |
39384-39385 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T22815 |
39386-39389 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T22816 |
39390-39393 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T22817 |
39394-39396 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T22818 |
39393-39394 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T22819 |
39396-39397 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T22820 |
39397-39398 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T22821 |
39398-39399 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T22822 |
39405-39409 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T22823 |
39417-39419 |
IN |
denotes |
on |
T22824 |
39420-39424 |
JJ |
denotes |
high |
T22825 |
39425-39428 |
NN |
denotes |
fat |
T22826 |
39424-39425 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T22827 |
39429-39433 |
NN |
denotes |
chow |
T22828 |
39434-39435 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T22829 |
39439-39447 |
NNS |
denotes |
calories |
T22830 |
39435-39437 |
CD |
denotes |
43 |
T22831 |
39437-39438 |
NN |
denotes |
% |
T22832 |
39448-39452 |
IN |
denotes |
from |
T22833 |
39453-39456 |
NN |
denotes |
fat |
T22834 |
39456-39457 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T22835 |
39458-39461 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T22836 |
39462-39463 |
CD |
denotes |
6 |
T22837 |
39464-39466 |
NN |
denotes |
wk |
T22838 |
39467-39475 |
VBG |
denotes |
starting |
T22839 |
39476-39478 |
IN |
denotes |
at |
T22840 |
39479-39480 |
CD |
denotes |
8 |
T22841 |
39481-39483 |
NN |
denotes |
wk |
T22842 |
39484-39486 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T22843 |
39487-39490 |
NN |
denotes |
age |
T22844 |
39490-39491 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T22845 |
39491-39594 |
sentence |
denotes |
The weight gained on the high-fat diet was similar for the PGC-1α+/+ and PGC-1α−/− groups (Figure S3). |
T22846 |
39492-39495 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T22847 |
39496-39502 |
NN |
denotes |
weight |
T22848 |
39531-39534 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T22849 |
39503-39509 |
VBN |
denotes |
gained |
T22850 |
39510-39512 |
IN |
denotes |
on |
T22851 |
39513-39516 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T22852 |
39526-39530 |
NN |
denotes |
diet |
T22853 |
39517-39521 |
JJ |
denotes |
high |
T22854 |
39522-39525 |
NN |
denotes |
fat |
T22855 |
39521-39522 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T22856 |
39535-39542 |
JJ |
denotes |
similar |
T22857 |
39543-39546 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T22858 |
39547-39550 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T22859 |
39575-39581 |
NNS |
denotes |
groups |
T22860 |
39551-39554 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T22861 |
39555-39557 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T22862 |
39554-39555 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T22863 |
39557-39558 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T22864 |
39558-39559 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T22865 |
39559-39560 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T22866 |
39561-39564 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T22867 |
39565-39568 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T22868 |
39569-39571 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T22869 |
39568-39569 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T22870 |
39571-39572 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T22871 |
39572-39573 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T22872 |
39573-39574 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T22873 |
39582-39583 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T22874 |
39590-39592 |
NN |
denotes |
S3 |
T22875 |
39583-39589 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T22876 |
39592-39593 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T22877 |
39593-39594 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T22878 |
39594-39753 |
sentence |
denotes |
Surprisingly, the PGC-1α−/− mice on a high-fat diet were significantly more glucose-tolerant and insulin-sensitive compared to the PGC-1α+/+ mice (Figure 9B). |
T22879 |
39595-39607 |
RB |
denotes |
Surprisingly |
T22880 |
39647-39651 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T22881 |
39607-39609 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T22882 |
39609-39612 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T22883 |
39623-39627 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T22884 |
39613-39616 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T22885 |
39617-39619 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T22886 |
39616-39617 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T22887 |
39619-39620 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T22888 |
39620-39621 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T22889 |
39621-39622 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T22890 |
39628-39630 |
IN |
denotes |
on |
T22891 |
39631-39632 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T22892 |
39642-39646 |
NN |
denotes |
diet |
T22893 |
39633-39637 |
JJ |
denotes |
high |
T22894 |
39638-39641 |
NN |
denotes |
fat |
T22895 |
39637-39638 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T22896 |
39652-39665 |
RB |
denotes |
significantly |
T22897 |
39666-39670 |
RBR |
denotes |
more |
T22898 |
39679-39687 |
JJ |
denotes |
tolerant |
T22899 |
39671-39678 |
NN |
denotes |
glucose |
T22900 |
39678-39679 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T22901 |
39688-39691 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T22902 |
39692-39699 |
NN |
denotes |
insulin |
T22903 |
39700-39709 |
JJ |
denotes |
sensitive |
T22904 |
39699-39700 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T22905 |
39710-39718 |
VBN |
denotes |
compared |
T22906 |
39719-39721 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T22907 |
39722-39725 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T22908 |
39736-39740 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T22909 |
39726-39729 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T22910 |
39730-39732 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T22911 |
39729-39730 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T22912 |
39732-39733 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T22913 |
39733-39734 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T22914 |
39734-39735 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T22915 |
39741-39742 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T22916 |
39749-39751 |
NN |
denotes |
9B |
T22917 |
39742-39748 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T22918 |
39751-39752 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T22919 |
39752-39753 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T22920 |
39753-39910 |
sentence |
denotes |
Taken together, these results indicate that, despite excess body fat under standard conditions, the female PGC-1α−/− mice do not exhibit insulin resistance. |
T22921 |
39754-39759 |
VBN |
denotes |
Taken |
T22922 |
39784-39792 |
VBP |
denotes |
indicate |
T22923 |
39760-39768 |
RB |
denotes |
together |
T22924 |
39768-39770 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T22925 |
39770-39775 |
DT |
denotes |
these |
T22926 |
39776-39783 |
NNS |
denotes |
results |
T22927 |
39793-39797 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T22928 |
39883-39890 |
VB |
denotes |
exhibit |
T22929 |
39797-39799 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T22930 |
39799-39806 |
IN |
denotes |
despite |
T22931 |
39807-39813 |
JJ |
denotes |
excess |
T22932 |
39819-39822 |
NN |
denotes |
fat |
T22933 |
39814-39818 |
NN |
denotes |
body |
T22934 |
39823-39828 |
IN |
denotes |
under |
T22935 |
39829-39837 |
JJ |
denotes |
standard |
T22936 |
39838-39848 |
NNS |
denotes |
conditions |
T22937 |
39848-39850 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T22938 |
39850-39853 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T22939 |
39871-39875 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T22940 |
39854-39860 |
JJ |
denotes |
female |
T22941 |
39861-39864 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T22942 |
39865-39867 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T22943 |
39864-39865 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T22944 |
39867-39868 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T22945 |
39868-39869 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T22946 |
39869-39870 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T22947 |
39876-39878 |
VBP |
denotes |
do |
T22948 |
39879-39882 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T22949 |
39891-39898 |
NN |
denotes |
insulin |
T22950 |
39899-39909 |
NN |
denotes |
resistance |
T22951 |
39909-39910 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T22952 |
39910-40020 |
sentence |
denotes |
Moreover, the PGC-1α−/− mice are more glucose-tolerant and insulin-sensitive than WT mice on a high-fat diet. |
T22953 |
39911-39919 |
RB |
denotes |
Moreover |
T22954 |
39940-39943 |
VBP |
denotes |
are |
T22955 |
39919-39921 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T22956 |
39921-39924 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T22957 |
39935-39939 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T22958 |
39925-39928 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T22959 |
39929-39931 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T22960 |
39928-39929 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T22961 |
39931-39932 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T22962 |
39932-39933 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T22963 |
39933-39934 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T22964 |
39944-39948 |
RBR |
denotes |
more |
T22965 |
39957-39965 |
JJ |
denotes |
tolerant |
T22966 |
39949-39956 |
NN |
denotes |
glucose |
T22967 |
39956-39957 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T22968 |
39966-39969 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T22969 |
39970-39977 |
NN |
denotes |
insulin |
T22970 |
39978-39987 |
JJ |
denotes |
sensitive |
T22971 |
39977-39978 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T22972 |
39988-39992 |
IN |
denotes |
than |
T22973 |
39993-39995 |
NN |
denotes |
WT |
T22974 |
39996-40000 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T22975 |
40001-40003 |
IN |
denotes |
on |
T22976 |
40004-40005 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T22977 |
40015-40019 |
NN |
denotes |
diet |
T22978 |
40006-40010 |
JJ |
denotes |
high |
T22979 |
40011-40014 |
NN |
denotes |
fat |
T22980 |
40010-40011 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T22981 |
40019-40020 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T24084 |
40703-40713 |
JJ |
denotes |
Structural |
T24085 |
40714-40727 |
NNS |
denotes |
Abnormalities |
T24086 |
40728-40730 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T24087 |
40731-40734 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T24088 |
40751-40757 |
NN |
denotes |
System |
T24089 |
40735-40742 |
JJ |
denotes |
Central |
T24090 |
40743-40750 |
JJ |
denotes |
Nervous |
T24091 |
40758-40760 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T24092 |
40761-40764 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T24093 |
40765-40767 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T24094 |
40764-40765 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T24095 |
40771-40775 |
NNS |
denotes |
Mice |
T24096 |
40767-40768 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T24097 |
40768-40769 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T24098 |
40769-40770 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T24099 |
40775-40876 |
sentence |
denotes |
In surveying the tissues of the PGC-1α−/− mice, structural abnormalities of the brain were observed. |
T24100 |
40776-40778 |
IN |
denotes |
In |
T24101 |
40867-40875 |
VBN |
denotes |
observed |
T24102 |
40779-40788 |
VBG |
denotes |
surveying |
T24103 |
40789-40792 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T24104 |
40793-40800 |
NNS |
denotes |
tissues |
T24105 |
40801-40803 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T24106 |
40804-40807 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T24107 |
40818-40822 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T24108 |
40808-40811 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T24109 |
40812-40814 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T24110 |
40811-40812 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T24111 |
40814-40815 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T24112 |
40815-40816 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T24113 |
40816-40817 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T24114 |
40822-40824 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T24115 |
40824-40834 |
JJ |
denotes |
structural |
T24116 |
40835-40848 |
NNS |
denotes |
abnormalities |
T24117 |
40849-40851 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T24118 |
40852-40855 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T24119 |
40856-40861 |
NN |
denotes |
brain |
T24120 |
40862-40866 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T24121 |
40875-40876 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T24122 |
40876-41189 |
sentence |
denotes |
Light microscopic examination of PGC-1α−/− brain tissue samples demonstrated a well-preserved cerebral cortical neuronal complement, a result confirmed by measurement of neuron density in sections of the parietal lobe (PGC-1α+/+, 1,261 ± 91 neurons/mm2 versus PGC-1α−/−, 1,299 ± 82 neurons/mm2; not significant). |
T24123 |
40877-40882 |
NN |
denotes |
Light |
T24124 |
40883-40894 |
JJ |
denotes |
microscopic |
T24125 |
40895-40906 |
NN |
denotes |
examination |
T24126 |
40941-40953 |
VBD |
denotes |
demonstrated |
T24127 |
40907-40909 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T24128 |
40910-40913 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T24129 |
40914-40916 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T24130 |
40913-40914 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T24131 |
40933-40940 |
NNS |
denotes |
samples |
T24132 |
40916-40917 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T24133 |
40917-40918 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T24134 |
40918-40919 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T24135 |
40920-40925 |
NN |
denotes |
brain |
T24136 |
40926-40932 |
NN |
denotes |
tissue |
T24137 |
40954-40955 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T24138 |
40998-41008 |
NN |
denotes |
complement |
T24139 |
40956-40960 |
RB |
denotes |
well |
T24140 |
40961-40970 |
VBN |
denotes |
preserved |
T24141 |
40960-40961 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T24142 |
40971-40979 |
JJ |
denotes |
cerebral |
T24143 |
40980-40988 |
JJ |
denotes |
cortical |
T24144 |
40989-40997 |
JJ |
denotes |
neuronal |
T24145 |
41008-41010 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T24146 |
41010-41011 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T24147 |
41012-41018 |
NN |
denotes |
result |
T24148 |
41019-41028 |
VBN |
denotes |
confirmed |
T24149 |
41029-41031 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T24150 |
41032-41043 |
NN |
denotes |
measurement |
T24151 |
41044-41046 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T24152 |
41047-41053 |
NN |
denotes |
neuron |
T24153 |
41054-41061 |
NN |
denotes |
density |
T24154 |
41062-41064 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T24155 |
41065-41073 |
NNS |
denotes |
sections |
T24156 |
41074-41076 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T24157 |
41077-41080 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T24158 |
41090-41094 |
NN |
denotes |
lobe |
T24159 |
41081-41089 |
JJ |
denotes |
parietal |
T24160 |
41095-41096 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T24161 |
41176-41187 |
JJ |
denotes |
significant |
T24162 |
41096-41099 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T24163 |
41100-41102 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T24164 |
41099-41100 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T24165 |
41118-41125 |
NNS |
denotes |
neurons |
T24166 |
41102-41103 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T24167 |
41103-41104 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T24168 |
41104-41105 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T24169 |
41105-41107 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T24170 |
41107-41112 |
CD |
denotes |
1,261 |
T24171 |
41115-41117 |
CD |
denotes |
91 |
T24172 |
41113-41114 |
SYM |
denotes |
± |
T24173 |
41125-41126 |
SYM |
denotes |
/ |
T24174 |
41126-41129 |
NN |
denotes |
mm2 |
T24175 |
41130-41136 |
CC |
denotes |
versus |
T24176 |
41137-41140 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T24177 |
41141-41143 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T24178 |
41140-41141 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T24179 |
41159-41166 |
NNS |
denotes |
neurons |
T24180 |
41143-41144 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T24181 |
41144-41145 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T24182 |
41145-41146 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T24183 |
41146-41148 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T24184 |
41148-41153 |
CD |
denotes |
1,299 |
T24185 |
41156-41158 |
CD |
denotes |
82 |
T24186 |
41154-41155 |
SYM |
denotes |
± |
T24187 |
41166-41167 |
SYM |
denotes |
/ |
T24188 |
41167-41170 |
NN |
denotes |
mm2 |
T24189 |
41170-41171 |
: |
denotes |
; |
T24190 |
41172-41175 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T24191 |
41187-41188 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T24192 |
41188-41189 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T24193 |
41189-41394 |
sentence |
denotes |
Patchy areas of microvacuolation involving the neuropil and individual pyramidal neurons of the deep layers of the cerebral cortex were noted in the PGC-1α−/− mice but not the PGC-1α+/+ mice (Figure 10A). |
T24194 |
41190-41196 |
JJ |
denotes |
Patchy |
T24195 |
41197-41202 |
NNS |
denotes |
areas |
T24196 |
41326-41331 |
VBN |
denotes |
noted |
T24197 |
41203-41205 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T24198 |
41206-41222 |
NN |
denotes |
microvacuolation |
T24199 |
41223-41232 |
VBG |
denotes |
involving |
T24200 |
41233-41236 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T24201 |
41237-41245 |
NN |
denotes |
neuropil |
T24202 |
41246-41249 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T24203 |
41250-41260 |
JJ |
denotes |
individual |
T24204 |
41271-41278 |
NNS |
denotes |
neurons |
T24205 |
41261-41270 |
JJ |
denotes |
pyramidal |
T24206 |
41279-41281 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T24207 |
41282-41285 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T24208 |
41291-41297 |
NNS |
denotes |
layers |
T24209 |
41286-41290 |
JJ |
denotes |
deep |
T24210 |
41298-41300 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T24211 |
41301-41304 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T24212 |
41314-41320 |
NN |
denotes |
cortex |
T24213 |
41305-41313 |
JJ |
denotes |
cerebral |
T24214 |
41321-41325 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T24215 |
41332-41334 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T24216 |
41335-41338 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T24217 |
41349-41353 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T24218 |
41339-41342 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T24219 |
41343-41345 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T24220 |
41342-41343 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T24221 |
41345-41346 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T24222 |
41346-41347 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T24223 |
41347-41348 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T24224 |
41354-41357 |
CC |
denotes |
but |
T24225 |
41358-41361 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T24226 |
41362-41365 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T24227 |
41376-41380 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T24228 |
41366-41369 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T24229 |
41370-41372 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T24230 |
41369-41370 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T24231 |
41372-41373 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T24232 |
41373-41374 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T24233 |
41374-41375 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T24234 |
41381-41382 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T24235 |
41389-41392 |
NN |
denotes |
10A |
T24236 |
41382-41388 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T24237 |
41392-41393 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T24238 |
41393-41394 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T24239 |
41394-41588 |
sentence |
denotes |
Immunolocalization of an astrocytic marker, glial fibrillary acidic protein, failed to show an increase in numbers of astrocytic processes in PGC-1α−/− mouse cerebral cortex (unpublished data). |
T24240 |
41395-41413 |
NN |
denotes |
Immunolocalization |
T24241 |
41472-41478 |
VBD |
denotes |
failed |
T24242 |
41414-41416 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T24243 |
41417-41419 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T24244 |
41431-41437 |
NN |
denotes |
marker |
T24245 |
41420-41430 |
JJ |
denotes |
astrocytic |
T24246 |
41437-41439 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T24247 |
41439-41444 |
JJ |
denotes |
glial |
T24248 |
41463-41470 |
NN |
denotes |
protein |
T24249 |
41445-41455 |
JJ |
denotes |
fibrillary |
T24250 |
41456-41462 |
JJ |
denotes |
acidic |
T24251 |
41470-41472 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T24252 |
41479-41481 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T24253 |
41482-41486 |
VB |
denotes |
show |
T24254 |
41487-41489 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T24255 |
41490-41498 |
NN |
denotes |
increase |
T24256 |
41499-41501 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T24257 |
41502-41509 |
NNS |
denotes |
numbers |
T24258 |
41510-41512 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T24259 |
41513-41523 |
JJ |
denotes |
astrocytic |
T24260 |
41524-41533 |
NNS |
denotes |
processes |
T24261 |
41534-41536 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T24262 |
41537-41540 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T24263 |
41541-41543 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T24264 |
41540-41541 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T24265 |
41562-41568 |
NN |
denotes |
cortex |
T24266 |
41543-41544 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T24267 |
41544-41545 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T24268 |
41545-41546 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T24269 |
41547-41552 |
NN |
denotes |
mouse |
T24270 |
41553-41561 |
JJ |
denotes |
cerebral |
T24271 |
41569-41570 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T24272 |
41582-41586 |
NNS |
denotes |
data |
T24273 |
41570-41581 |
JJ |
denotes |
unpublished |
T24274 |
41586-41587 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T24275 |
41587-41588 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T24276 |
41588-41695 |
sentence |
denotes |
The hippocampus also showed neuronal microvacuolation, albeit to a lesser degree than the parietal cortex. |
T24277 |
41589-41592 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T24278 |
41593-41604 |
NN |
denotes |
hippocampus |
T24279 |
41610-41616 |
VBD |
denotes |
showed |
T24280 |
41605-41609 |
RB |
denotes |
also |
T24281 |
41617-41625 |
JJ |
denotes |
neuronal |
T24282 |
41626-41642 |
NN |
denotes |
microvacuolation |
T24283 |
41642-41644 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T24284 |
41644-41650 |
IN |
denotes |
albeit |
T24285 |
41651-41653 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T24286 |
41654-41655 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T24287 |
41663-41669 |
NN |
denotes |
degree |
T24288 |
41656-41662 |
JJR |
denotes |
lesser |
T24289 |
41670-41674 |
IN |
denotes |
than |
T24290 |
41675-41678 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T24291 |
41688-41694 |
NN |
denotes |
cortex |
T24292 |
41679-41687 |
JJ |
denotes |
parietal |
T24293 |
41694-41695 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T24294 |
41695-41965 |
sentence |
denotes |
Microvacuolation of the neuropil and neurons of the PGC-1α−/− basal ganglia (caudate and putamen) was also noted in association with a patchy increase in the number and intensity of glial fibrillary acidic protein-immunoreactive astrocytic processes (unpublished data). |
T24295 |
41696-41712 |
NN |
denotes |
Microvacuolation |
T24296 |
41803-41808 |
VBN |
denotes |
noted |
T24297 |
41713-41715 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T24298 |
41716-41719 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T24299 |
41720-41728 |
NN |
denotes |
neuropil |
T24300 |
41729-41732 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T24301 |
41733-41740 |
NNS |
denotes |
neurons |
T24302 |
41741-41743 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T24303 |
41744-41747 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T24304 |
41764-41771 |
NNS |
denotes |
ganglia |
T24305 |
41748-41751 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T24306 |
41752-41754 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T24307 |
41751-41752 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T24308 |
41754-41755 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T24309 |
41755-41756 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T24310 |
41756-41757 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T24311 |
41758-41763 |
JJ |
denotes |
basal |
T24312 |
41772-41773 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T24313 |
41773-41780 |
NN |
denotes |
caudate |
T24314 |
41781-41784 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T24315 |
41785-41792 |
NN |
denotes |
putamen |
T24316 |
41792-41793 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T24317 |
41794-41797 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T24318 |
41798-41802 |
RB |
denotes |
also |
T24319 |
41809-41811 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T24320 |
41812-41823 |
NN |
denotes |
association |
T24321 |
41824-41828 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T24322 |
41829-41830 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T24323 |
41838-41846 |
NN |
denotes |
increase |
T24324 |
41831-41837 |
JJ |
denotes |
patchy |
T24325 |
41847-41849 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T24326 |
41850-41853 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T24327 |
41854-41860 |
NN |
denotes |
number |
T24328 |
41861-41864 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T24329 |
41865-41874 |
NN |
denotes |
intensity |
T24330 |
41875-41877 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T24331 |
41878-41883 |
JJ |
denotes |
glial |
T24332 |
41902-41909 |
NN |
denotes |
protein |
T24333 |
41884-41894 |
JJ |
denotes |
fibrillary |
T24334 |
41895-41901 |
JJ |
denotes |
acidic |
T24335 |
41910-41924 |
JJ |
denotes |
immunoreactive |
T24336 |
41909-41910 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T24337 |
41936-41945 |
NNS |
denotes |
processes |
T24338 |
41925-41935 |
JJ |
denotes |
astrocytic |
T24339 |
41946-41947 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T24340 |
41959-41963 |
NNS |
denotes |
data |
T24341 |
41947-41958 |
JJ |
denotes |
unpublished |
T24342 |
41963-41964 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T24343 |
41964-41965 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T24344 |
41965-42033 |
sentence |
denotes |
Areas of microvacuolation also involved multiple brainstem regions. |
T24345 |
41966-41971 |
NNS |
denotes |
Areas |
T24346 |
41997-42005 |
VBD |
denotes |
involved |
T24347 |
41972-41974 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T24348 |
41975-41991 |
NN |
denotes |
microvacuolation |
T24349 |
41992-41996 |
RB |
denotes |
also |
T24350 |
42006-42014 |
JJ |
denotes |
multiple |
T24351 |
42025-42032 |
NNS |
denotes |
regions |
T24352 |
42015-42024 |
NN |
denotes |
brainstem |
T24353 |
42032-42033 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T24354 |
42033-42140 |
sentence |
denotes |
Only rare vacuolated Purkinje and granule cell neurons were identified in the PGC-1α−/− cerebellar cortex. |
T24355 |
42034-42038 |
RB |
denotes |
Only |
T24356 |
42081-42088 |
NNS |
denotes |
neurons |
T24357 |
42039-42043 |
JJ |
denotes |
rare |
T24358 |
42044-42054 |
VBN |
denotes |
vacuolated |
T24359 |
42055-42063 |
NN |
denotes |
Purkinje |
T24360 |
42064-42067 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T24361 |
42068-42075 |
NN |
denotes |
granule |
T24362 |
42076-42080 |
NN |
denotes |
cell |
T24363 |
42094-42104 |
VBN |
denotes |
identified |
T24364 |
42089-42093 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T24365 |
42105-42107 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T24366 |
42108-42111 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T24367 |
42133-42139 |
NN |
denotes |
cortex |
T24368 |
42112-42115 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T24369 |
42116-42118 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T24370 |
42115-42116 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T24371 |
42118-42119 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T24372 |
42119-42120 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T24373 |
42120-42121 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T24374 |
42122-42132 |
JJ |
denotes |
cerebellar |
T24375 |
42139-42140 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T24376 |
42140-42260 |
sentence |
denotes |
Neither microglial proliferation nor perivascular lymphocytic inflammatory infiltrates were noted in the PGC-1α−/− CNS. |
T24377 |
42141-42148 |
CC |
denotes |
Neither |
T24378 |
42160-42173 |
NN |
denotes |
proliferation |
T24379 |
42149-42159 |
JJ |
denotes |
microglial |
T24380 |
42233-42238 |
VBN |
denotes |
noted |
T24381 |
42174-42177 |
CC |
denotes |
nor |
T24382 |
42178-42190 |
JJ |
denotes |
perivascular |
T24383 |
42216-42227 |
NNS |
denotes |
infiltrates |
T24384 |
42191-42202 |
JJ |
denotes |
lymphocytic |
T24385 |
42203-42215 |
JJ |
denotes |
inflammatory |
T24386 |
42228-42232 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T24387 |
42239-42241 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T24388 |
42242-42245 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T24389 |
42256-42259 |
NN |
denotes |
CNS |
T24390 |
42246-42249 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T24391 |
42250-42252 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T24392 |
42249-42250 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T24393 |
42252-42253 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T24394 |
42253-42254 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T24395 |
42254-42255 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T24396 |
42259-42260 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T24397 |
42260-42989 |
sentence |
denotes |
Figure 10 Neuropathology of the Central Nervous System of PGC-1α−/− Mice
(A) Light microscopic appearance of representative cerebral cortex of 2-mo-old PGC-1α−/− mice demonstrates marked vacuolation of the neuropil (arrows) and scattered neuronal perikarya, which are absent in PGC-1α+/+ mice (hematoxylin and eosin). The scale bar shown is applicable to all sections.
(B) Ultrastructural appearance of typical vacuoles containing membranous debris, denoted by the arrow, in the cerebral cortex of a representative PGC-1α−/− mouse in comparison to PGC-1α+/+ (magnification 4000×). Ultrastructural examination of the PGC-1α−/− parietal cerebral cortex confirmed the presence of microvacuolated neurons and neuropil (Figure 10B). |
T24398 |
42843-42858 |
JJ |
denotes |
Ultrastructural |
T24399 |
42859-42870 |
NN |
denotes |
examination |
T24400 |
42913-42922 |
VBD |
denotes |
confirmed |
T24401 |
42871-42873 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T24402 |
42874-42877 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T24403 |
42906-42912 |
NN |
denotes |
cortex |
T24404 |
42878-42881 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T24405 |
42882-42884 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T24406 |
42881-42882 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T24407 |
42884-42885 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T24408 |
42885-42886 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T24409 |
42886-42887 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T24410 |
42888-42896 |
JJ |
denotes |
parietal |
T24411 |
42897-42905 |
JJ |
denotes |
cerebral |
T24412 |
42923-42926 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T24413 |
42927-42935 |
NN |
denotes |
presence |
T24414 |
42936-42938 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T24415 |
42939-42954 |
VBN |
denotes |
microvacuolated |
T24416 |
42955-42962 |
NNS |
denotes |
neurons |
T24417 |
42963-42966 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T24418 |
42967-42975 |
NN |
denotes |
neuropil |
T24419 |
42976-42977 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T24420 |
42984-42987 |
NN |
denotes |
10B |
T24421 |
42977-42983 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T24422 |
42987-42988 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T24423 |
42988-42989 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T24424 |
42989-43089 |
sentence |
denotes |
Vacuoles containing aggregates of membranous material were present in a subset of cortical neurons. |
T24425 |
42990-42998 |
NNS |
denotes |
Vacuoles |
T24426 |
43044-43048 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T24427 |
42999-43009 |
VBG |
denotes |
containing |
T24428 |
43010-43020 |
NNS |
denotes |
aggregates |
T24429 |
43021-43023 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T24430 |
43024-43034 |
JJ |
denotes |
membranous |
T24431 |
43035-43043 |
NN |
denotes |
material |
T24432 |
43049-43056 |
JJ |
denotes |
present |
T24433 |
43057-43059 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T24434 |
43060-43061 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T24435 |
43062-43068 |
NN |
denotes |
subset |
T24436 |
43069-43071 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T24437 |
43072-43080 |
JJ |
denotes |
cortical |
T24438 |
43081-43088 |
NNS |
denotes |
neurons |
T24439 |
43088-43089 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T24440 |
43089-43331 |
sentence |
denotes |
Subcellular localization of the vacuoles was difficult to establish; some may represent vacuolated elements of the neuropil, material in phagocytic cells, presynaptic nerve terminals compressing the soma, or genuine intraperikaryal deposits. |
T24441 |
43090-43101 |
JJ |
denotes |
Subcellular |
T24442 |
43102-43114 |
NN |
denotes |
localization |
T24443 |
43131-43134 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T24444 |
43115-43117 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T24445 |
43118-43121 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T24446 |
43122-43130 |
NNS |
denotes |
vacuoles |
T24447 |
43168-43177 |
VB |
denotes |
represent |
T24448 |
43135-43144 |
JJ |
denotes |
difficult |
T24449 |
43145-43147 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T24450 |
43148-43157 |
VB |
denotes |
establish |
T24451 |
43157-43158 |
: |
denotes |
; |
T24452 |
43159-43163 |
DT |
denotes |
some |
T24453 |
43164-43167 |
MD |
denotes |
may |
T24454 |
43178-43188 |
VBN |
denotes |
vacuolated |
T24455 |
43189-43197 |
NNS |
denotes |
elements |
T24456 |
43198-43200 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T24457 |
43201-43204 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T24458 |
43205-43213 |
NN |
denotes |
neuropil |
T24459 |
43213-43215 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T24460 |
43215-43223 |
NN |
denotes |
material |
T24461 |
43224-43226 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T24462 |
43227-43237 |
JJ |
denotes |
phagocytic |
T24463 |
43238-43243 |
NNS |
denotes |
cells |
T24464 |
43243-43245 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T24465 |
43245-43256 |
JJ |
denotes |
presynaptic |
T24466 |
43263-43272 |
NNS |
denotes |
terminals |
T24467 |
43257-43262 |
NN |
denotes |
nerve |
T24468 |
43273-43284 |
VBG |
denotes |
compressing |
T24469 |
43285-43288 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T24470 |
43289-43293 |
NN |
denotes |
soma |
T24471 |
43293-43295 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T24472 |
43295-43297 |
CC |
denotes |
or |
T24473 |
43298-43305 |
JJ |
denotes |
genuine |
T24474 |
43322-43330 |
NNS |
denotes |
deposits |
T24475 |
43306-43321 |
JJ |
denotes |
intraperikaryal |
T24476 |
43330-43331 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T30442 |
43344-43352 |
JJ |
denotes |
Previous |
T30443 |
43353-43360 |
NNS |
denotes |
studies |
T30444 |
43400-43405 |
VBN |
denotes |
shown |
T30445 |
43361-43366 |
VBG |
denotes |
using |
T30446 |
43367-43371 |
NN |
denotes |
gain |
T30447 |
43384-43394 |
NNS |
denotes |
strategies |
T30448 |
43371-43372 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T30449 |
43372-43374 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T30450 |
43374-43375 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T30451 |
43375-43383 |
NN |
denotes |
function |
T30452 |
43395-43399 |
VBP |
denotes |
have |
T30453 |
43406-43410 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T30454 |
43434-43436 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T30455 |
43411-43414 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T30456 |
43415-43426 |
NN |
denotes |
coactivator |
T30457 |
43427-43430 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T30458 |
43431-43433 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T30459 |
43430-43431 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T30460 |
43437-43444 |
JJ |
denotes |
capable |
T30461 |
43445-43447 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T30462 |
43448-43460 |
VBG |
denotes |
coactivating |
T30463 |
43461-43463 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T30464 |
43464-43469 |
NN |
denotes |
array |
T30465 |
43470-43472 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T30466 |
43473-43486 |
NN |
denotes |
transcription |
T30467 |
43487-43494 |
NNS |
denotes |
factors |
T30468 |
43495-43503 |
VBN |
denotes |
involved |
T30469 |
43504-43506 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T30470 |
43507-43513 |
NN |
denotes |
energy |
T30471 |
43524-43533 |
NNS |
denotes |
processes |
T30472 |
43514-43523 |
JJ |
denotes |
metabolic |
T30473 |
43534-43543 |
VBG |
denotes |
including |
T30474 |
43544-43549 |
JJ |
denotes |
fatty |
T30475 |
43550-43554 |
NN |
denotes |
acid |
T30476 |
43555-43564 |
NN |
denotes |
oxidation |
T30477 |
43564-43566 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T30478 |
43566-43574 |
NN |
denotes |
electron |
T30479 |
43575-43584 |
NN |
denotes |
transport |
T30480 |
43584-43586 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T30481 |
43586-43589 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T30482 |
43590-43599 |
JJ |
denotes |
oxidative |
T30483 |
43600-43615 |
NN |
denotes |
phosphorylation |
T30484 |
43616-43617 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T30485 |
43617-43618 |
CD |
denotes |
6 |
T30486 |
43618-43619 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T30487 |
43619-43620 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T30488 |
43620-43820 |
sentence |
denotes |
Forced expression of PGC-1α triggers mitochondrial biogenesis by activating a complex circuitry of factors including NRF-1, NRF-2, and the orphan nuclear receptor estrogen-related receptor α [23,32]. |
T30489 |
43621-43627 |
VBN |
denotes |
Forced |
T30490 |
43628-43638 |
NN |
denotes |
expression |
T30491 |
43649-43657 |
VBZ |
denotes |
triggers |
T30492 |
43639-43641 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T30493 |
43642-43645 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T30494 |
43646-43648 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T30495 |
43645-43646 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T30496 |
43658-43671 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T30497 |
43672-43682 |
NN |
denotes |
biogenesis |
T30498 |
43683-43685 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T30499 |
43686-43696 |
VBG |
denotes |
activating |
T30500 |
43697-43698 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T30501 |
43707-43716 |
NN |
denotes |
circuitry |
T30502 |
43699-43706 |
JJ |
denotes |
complex |
T30503 |
43717-43719 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T30504 |
43720-43727 |
NNS |
denotes |
factors |
T30505 |
43728-43737 |
VBG |
denotes |
including |
T30506 |
43738-43741 |
NN |
denotes |
NRF |
T30507 |
43741-43742 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T30508 |
43742-43743 |
CD |
denotes |
1 |
T30509 |
43743-43745 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T30510 |
43745-43748 |
NN |
denotes |
NRF |
T30511 |
43748-43749 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T30512 |
43749-43750 |
CD |
denotes |
2 |
T30513 |
43750-43752 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T30514 |
43752-43755 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T30515 |
43756-43759 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T30516 |
43775-43783 |
NN |
denotes |
receptor |
T30517 |
43760-43766 |
NN |
denotes |
orphan |
T30518 |
43767-43774 |
JJ |
denotes |
nuclear |
T30519 |
43784-43792 |
NN |
denotes |
estrogen |
T30520 |
43793-43800 |
VBN |
denotes |
related |
T30521 |
43792-43793 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T30522 |
43810-43811 |
NN |
denotes |
α |
T30523 |
43801-43809 |
NN |
denotes |
receptor |
T30524 |
43812-43813 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T30525 |
43816-43818 |
CD |
denotes |
32 |
T30526 |
43813-43815 |
CD |
denotes |
23 |
T30527 |
43815-43816 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T30528 |
43818-43819 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T30529 |
43819-43820 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T30530 |
43820-43991 |
sentence |
denotes |
However, gain-of-function strategies cannot determine whether PGC-1α is essential for critical energy metabolic processes including mitochondrial biogenesis and function. |
T30531 |
43821-43828 |
RB |
denotes |
However |
T30532 |
43865-43874 |
VB |
denotes |
determine |
T30533 |
43828-43830 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T30534 |
43830-43834 |
NN |
denotes |
gain |
T30535 |
43847-43857 |
NNS |
denotes |
strategies |
T30536 |
43834-43835 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T30537 |
43835-43837 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T30538 |
43837-43838 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T30539 |
43838-43846 |
NN |
denotes |
function |
T30540 |
43858-43861 |
MD |
denotes |
can |
T30541 |
43861-43864 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T30542 |
43875-43882 |
IN |
denotes |
whether |
T30543 |
43890-43892 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T30544 |
43883-43886 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T30545 |
43887-43889 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T30546 |
43886-43887 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T30547 |
43893-43902 |
JJ |
denotes |
essential |
T30548 |
43903-43906 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T30549 |
43907-43915 |
JJ |
denotes |
critical |
T30550 |
43933-43942 |
NNS |
denotes |
processes |
T30551 |
43916-43922 |
NN |
denotes |
energy |
T30552 |
43923-43932 |
JJ |
denotes |
metabolic |
T30553 |
43943-43952 |
VBG |
denotes |
including |
T30554 |
43953-43966 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T30555 |
43967-43977 |
NN |
denotes |
biogenesis |
T30556 |
43978-43981 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T30557 |
43982-43990 |
NN |
denotes |
function |
T30558 |
43990-43991 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T30559 |
43991-44161 |
sentence |
denotes |
Using targeted gene deletion in mice, we show here that PGC-1α is not essential for normal embryologic development or the fundamental events of mitochondrial biogenesis. |
T30560 |
43992-43997 |
VBG |
denotes |
Using |
T30561 |
44033-44037 |
VBP |
denotes |
show |
T30562 |
43998-44006 |
VBN |
denotes |
targeted |
T30563 |
44012-44020 |
NN |
denotes |
deletion |
T30564 |
44007-44011 |
NN |
denotes |
gene |
T30565 |
44021-44023 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T30566 |
44024-44028 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T30567 |
44028-44030 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T30568 |
44030-44032 |
PRP |
denotes |
we |
T30569 |
44038-44042 |
RB |
denotes |
here |
T30570 |
44043-44047 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T30571 |
44055-44057 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T30572 |
44048-44051 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T30573 |
44052-44054 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T30574 |
44051-44052 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T30575 |
44058-44061 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T30576 |
44062-44071 |
JJ |
denotes |
essential |
T30577 |
44072-44075 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T30578 |
44076-44082 |
JJ |
denotes |
normal |
T30579 |
44095-44106 |
NN |
denotes |
development |
T30580 |
44083-44094 |
JJ |
denotes |
embryologic |
T30581 |
44107-44109 |
CC |
denotes |
or |
T30582 |
44110-44113 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T30583 |
44126-44132 |
NNS |
denotes |
events |
T30584 |
44114-44125 |
JJ |
denotes |
fundamental |
T30585 |
44133-44135 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T30586 |
44136-44149 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T30587 |
44150-44160 |
NN |
denotes |
biogenesis |
T30588 |
44160-44161 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T30589 |
44161-44436 |
sentence |
denotes |
However, several lines of evidence support the conclusion that PGC-1α is necessary for the programs that regulate postnatal mitochondrial function and cellular energy metabolism, processes that equip the organism for the energy metabolic rigors of the postnatal environment. |
T30590 |
44162-44169 |
RB |
denotes |
However |
T30591 |
44197-44204 |
VBP |
denotes |
support |
T30592 |
44169-44171 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T30593 |
44171-44178 |
JJ |
denotes |
several |
T30594 |
44179-44184 |
NNS |
denotes |
lines |
T30595 |
44185-44187 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T30596 |
44188-44196 |
NN |
denotes |
evidence |
T30597 |
44205-44208 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T30598 |
44209-44219 |
NN |
denotes |
conclusion |
T30599 |
44220-44224 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T30600 |
44232-44234 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T30601 |
44225-44228 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T30602 |
44229-44231 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T30603 |
44228-44229 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T30604 |
44235-44244 |
JJ |
denotes |
necessary |
T30605 |
44245-44248 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T30606 |
44249-44252 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T30607 |
44253-44261 |
NNS |
denotes |
programs |
T30608 |
44262-44266 |
WDT |
denotes |
that |
T30609 |
44267-44275 |
VBP |
denotes |
regulate |
T30610 |
44276-44285 |
JJ |
denotes |
postnatal |
T30611 |
44300-44308 |
NN |
denotes |
function |
T30612 |
44286-44299 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T30613 |
44309-44312 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T30614 |
44313-44321 |
JJ |
denotes |
cellular |
T30615 |
44329-44339 |
NN |
denotes |
metabolism |
T30616 |
44322-44328 |
NN |
denotes |
energy |
T30617 |
44339-44341 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T30618 |
44341-44350 |
NNS |
denotes |
processes |
T30619 |
44351-44355 |
WDT |
denotes |
that |
T30620 |
44356-44361 |
VBP |
denotes |
equip |
T30621 |
44362-44365 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T30622 |
44366-44374 |
NN |
denotes |
organism |
T30623 |
44375-44378 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T30624 |
44379-44382 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T30625 |
44400-44406 |
NNS |
denotes |
rigors |
T30626 |
44383-44389 |
NN |
denotes |
energy |
T30627 |
44390-44399 |
JJ |
denotes |
metabolic |
T30628 |
44407-44409 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T30629 |
44410-44413 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T30630 |
44424-44435 |
NN |
denotes |
environment |
T30631 |
44414-44423 |
JJ |
denotes |
postnatal |
T30632 |
44435-44436 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T30633 |
44436-44536 |
sentence |
denotes |
First, mitochondrial volume density is diminished in slow-twitch skeletal muscle of PGC-1α−/− mice. |
T30634 |
44437-44442 |
RB |
denotes |
First |
T30635 |
44476-44486 |
VBN |
denotes |
diminished |
T30636 |
44442-44444 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T30637 |
44444-44457 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T30638 |
44465-44472 |
NN |
denotes |
density |
T30639 |
44458-44464 |
NN |
denotes |
volume |
T30640 |
44473-44475 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T30641 |
44487-44489 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T30642 |
44490-44494 |
JJ |
denotes |
slow |
T30643 |
44495-44501 |
NN |
denotes |
twitch |
T30644 |
44494-44495 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T30645 |
44511-44517 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T30646 |
44502-44510 |
JJ |
denotes |
skeletal |
T30647 |
44518-44520 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T30648 |
44521-44524 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T30649 |
44525-44527 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T30650 |
44524-44525 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T30651 |
44531-44535 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T30652 |
44527-44528 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T30653 |
44528-44529 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T30654 |
44529-44530 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T30655 |
44535-44536 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T30656 |
44536-44665 |
sentence |
denotes |
Second, mitochondrial respiratory capacity is modestly but significantly altered in skeletal muscle and liver of PGC-1α−/− mice. |
T30657 |
44537-44543 |
RB |
denotes |
Second |
T30658 |
44610-44617 |
VBN |
denotes |
altered |
T30659 |
44543-44545 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T30660 |
44545-44558 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T30661 |
44571-44579 |
NN |
denotes |
capacity |
T30662 |
44559-44570 |
JJ |
denotes |
respiratory |
T30663 |
44580-44582 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T30664 |
44583-44591 |
RB |
denotes |
modestly |
T30665 |
44592-44595 |
CC |
denotes |
but |
T30666 |
44596-44609 |
RB |
denotes |
significantly |
T30667 |
44618-44620 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T30668 |
44621-44629 |
JJ |
denotes |
skeletal |
T30669 |
44630-44636 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T30670 |
44637-44640 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T30671 |
44641-44646 |
NN |
denotes |
liver |
T30672 |
44647-44649 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T30673 |
44650-44653 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T30674 |
44654-44656 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T30675 |
44653-44654 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T30676 |
44660-44664 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T30677 |
44656-44657 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T30678 |
44657-44658 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T30679 |
44658-44659 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T30680 |
44664-44665 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T30681 |
44665-44786 |
sentence |
denotes |
Third, the growth of heart and soleus muscle, tissues with high reliance on mitochondrial energy production, is blunted. |
T30682 |
44666-44671 |
RB |
denotes |
Third |
T30683 |
44778-44785 |
VBN |
denotes |
blunted |
T30684 |
44671-44673 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T30685 |
44673-44676 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T30686 |
44677-44683 |
NN |
denotes |
growth |
T30687 |
44684-44686 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T30688 |
44687-44692 |
NN |
denotes |
heart |
T30689 |
44693-44696 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T30690 |
44697-44703 |
NN |
denotes |
soleus |
T30691 |
44704-44710 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T30692 |
44710-44712 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T30693 |
44712-44719 |
NNS |
denotes |
tissues |
T30694 |
44720-44724 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T30695 |
44725-44729 |
JJ |
denotes |
high |
T30696 |
44730-44738 |
NN |
denotes |
reliance |
T30697 |
44739-44741 |
IN |
denotes |
on |
T30698 |
44742-44755 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T30699 |
44763-44773 |
NN |
denotes |
production |
T30700 |
44756-44762 |
NN |
denotes |
energy |
T30701 |
44773-44775 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T30702 |
44775-44777 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T30703 |
44785-44786 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T30704 |
44786-44854 |
sentence |
denotes |
Fourth, control of body fat mass is abnormal in the PGC-1α−/− mice. |
T30705 |
44787-44793 |
RB |
denotes |
Fourth |
T30706 |
44820-44822 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T30707 |
44793-44795 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T30708 |
44795-44802 |
NN |
denotes |
control |
T30709 |
44803-44805 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T30710 |
44806-44810 |
NN |
denotes |
body |
T30711 |
44811-44814 |
NN |
denotes |
fat |
T30712 |
44815-44819 |
NN |
denotes |
mass |
T30713 |
44823-44831 |
JJ |
denotes |
abnormal |
T30714 |
44832-44834 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T30715 |
44835-44838 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T30716 |
44849-44853 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T30717 |
44839-44842 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T30718 |
44843-44845 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T30719 |
44842-44843 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T30720 |
44845-44846 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T30721 |
44846-44847 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T30722 |
44847-44848 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T30723 |
44853-44854 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T30724 |
44854-44995 |
sentence |
denotes |
Finally, PGC-1α−/− mice do not respond normally to a variety of physiologic and dietary stresses known to increase oxidative energy demands. |
T30725 |
44855-44862 |
RB |
denotes |
Finally |
T30726 |
44886-44893 |
VB |
denotes |
respond |
T30727 |
44862-44864 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T30728 |
44864-44867 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T30729 |
44868-44870 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T30730 |
44867-44868 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T30731 |
44874-44878 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T30732 |
44870-44871 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T30733 |
44871-44872 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T30734 |
44872-44873 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T30735 |
44879-44881 |
VBP |
denotes |
do |
T30736 |
44882-44885 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T30737 |
44894-44902 |
RB |
denotes |
normally |
T30738 |
44903-44905 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T30739 |
44906-44907 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T30740 |
44908-44915 |
NN |
denotes |
variety |
T30741 |
44916-44918 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T30742 |
44919-44930 |
JJ |
denotes |
physiologic |
T30743 |
44943-44951 |
NNS |
denotes |
stresses |
T30744 |
44931-44934 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T30745 |
44935-44942 |
JJ |
denotes |
dietary |
T30746 |
44952-44957 |
VBN |
denotes |
known |
T30747 |
44958-44960 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T30748 |
44961-44969 |
VB |
denotes |
increase |
T30749 |
44970-44979 |
JJ |
denotes |
oxidative |
T30750 |
44987-44994 |
NNS |
denotes |
demands |
T30751 |
44980-44986 |
NN |
denotes |
energy |
T30752 |
44994-44995 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T30753 |
44995-45186 |
sentence |
denotes |
Taken together, these results strongly suggest that PGC-1α is necessary for the terminal stages of mitochondrial maturation necessary to meet the energy demands of the postnatal environment. |
T30754 |
44996-45001 |
VBN |
denotes |
Taken |
T30755 |
45035-45042 |
VBP |
denotes |
suggest |
T30756 |
45002-45010 |
RB |
denotes |
together |
T30757 |
45010-45012 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T30758 |
45012-45017 |
DT |
denotes |
these |
T30759 |
45018-45025 |
NNS |
denotes |
results |
T30760 |
45026-45034 |
RB |
denotes |
strongly |
T30761 |
45043-45047 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T30762 |
45055-45057 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T30763 |
45048-45051 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T30764 |
45052-45054 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T30765 |
45051-45052 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T30766 |
45058-45067 |
JJ |
denotes |
necessary |
T30767 |
45068-45071 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T30768 |
45072-45075 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T30769 |
45085-45091 |
NNS |
denotes |
stages |
T30770 |
45076-45084 |
JJ |
denotes |
terminal |
T30771 |
45092-45094 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T30772 |
45095-45108 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T30773 |
45109-45119 |
NN |
denotes |
maturation |
T30774 |
45120-45129 |
JJ |
denotes |
necessary |
T30775 |
45130-45132 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T30776 |
45133-45137 |
VB |
denotes |
meet |
T30777 |
45138-45141 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T30778 |
45149-45156 |
NNS |
denotes |
demands |
T30779 |
45142-45148 |
NN |
denotes |
energy |
T30780 |
45157-45159 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T30781 |
45160-45163 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T30782 |
45174-45185 |
NN |
denotes |
environment |
T30783 |
45164-45173 |
JJ |
denotes |
postnatal |
T30784 |
45185-45186 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T30785 |
45186-45332 |
sentence |
denotes |
Extensive phenotypic analyses demonstrated that mice lacking PGC-1α are unable to cope with physiologic stressors relevant to postnatal survival. |
T30786 |
45187-45196 |
JJ |
denotes |
Extensive |
T30787 |
45208-45216 |
NNS |
denotes |
analyses |
T30788 |
45197-45207 |
JJ |
denotes |
phenotypic |
T30789 |
45217-45229 |
VBD |
denotes |
demonstrated |
T30790 |
45230-45234 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T30791 |
45255-45258 |
VBP |
denotes |
are |
T30792 |
45235-45239 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T30793 |
45240-45247 |
VBG |
denotes |
lacking |
T30794 |
45248-45251 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T30795 |
45252-45254 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T30796 |
45251-45252 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T30797 |
45259-45265 |
JJ |
denotes |
unable |
T30798 |
45266-45268 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T30799 |
45269-45273 |
VB |
denotes |
cope |
T30800 |
45274-45278 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T30801 |
45279-45290 |
JJ |
denotes |
physiologic |
T30802 |
45291-45300 |
NNS |
denotes |
stressors |
T30803 |
45301-45309 |
JJ |
denotes |
relevant |
T30804 |
45310-45312 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T30805 |
45313-45322 |
JJ |
denotes |
postnatal |
T30806 |
45323-45331 |
NN |
denotes |
survival |
T30807 |
45331-45332 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T30808 |
45332-45462 |
sentence |
denotes |
For example, a skeletal muscle phenotype was unveiled in PGC-1α−/− mice under conditions in which energy supply becomes limiting. |
T30809 |
45333-45336 |
IN |
denotes |
For |
T30810 |
45378-45386 |
VBN |
denotes |
unveiled |
T30811 |
45337-45344 |
NN |
denotes |
example |
T30812 |
45344-45346 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T30813 |
45346-45347 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T30814 |
45364-45373 |
NN |
denotes |
phenotype |
T30815 |
45348-45356 |
JJ |
denotes |
skeletal |
T30816 |
45357-45363 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T30817 |
45374-45377 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T30818 |
45387-45389 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T30819 |
45390-45393 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T30820 |
45394-45396 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T30821 |
45393-45394 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T30822 |
45400-45404 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T30823 |
45396-45397 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T30824 |
45397-45398 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T30825 |
45398-45399 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T30826 |
45405-45410 |
IN |
denotes |
under |
T30827 |
45411-45421 |
NNS |
denotes |
conditions |
T30828 |
45422-45424 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T30829 |
45445-45452 |
VBZ |
denotes |
becomes |
T30830 |
45425-45430 |
WDT |
denotes |
which |
T30831 |
45431-45437 |
NN |
denotes |
energy |
T30832 |
45438-45444 |
NN |
denotes |
supply |
T30833 |
45453-45461 |
JJ |
denotes |
limiting |
T30834 |
45461-45462 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T30835 |
45462-45626 |
sentence |
denotes |
This was most clearly demonstrated by the profound abnormalities exhibited by PGC-1α−/− mice with exercise-to-exhaustion and repetitive muscle stimulation studies. |
T30836 |
45463-45467 |
DT |
denotes |
This |
T30837 |
45485-45497 |
VBN |
denotes |
demonstrated |
T30838 |
45468-45471 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T30839 |
45472-45476 |
RBS |
denotes |
most |
T30840 |
45477-45484 |
RB |
denotes |
clearly |
T30841 |
45498-45500 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T30842 |
45501-45504 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T30843 |
45514-45527 |
NNS |
denotes |
abnormalities |
T30844 |
45505-45513 |
JJ |
denotes |
profound |
T30845 |
45528-45537 |
VBN |
denotes |
exhibited |
T30846 |
45538-45540 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T30847 |
45541-45544 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T30848 |
45545-45547 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T30849 |
45544-45545 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T30850 |
45551-45555 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T30851 |
45547-45548 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T30852 |
45548-45549 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T30853 |
45549-45550 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T30854 |
45556-45560 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T30855 |
45561-45569 |
NN |
denotes |
exercise |
T30856 |
45618-45625 |
NNS |
denotes |
studies |
T30857 |
45569-45570 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T30858 |
45570-45572 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T30859 |
45572-45573 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T30860 |
45573-45583 |
NN |
denotes |
exhaustion |
T30861 |
45584-45587 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T30862 |
45588-45598 |
JJ |
denotes |
repetitive |
T30863 |
45606-45617 |
NN |
denotes |
stimulation |
T30864 |
45599-45605 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T30865 |
45625-45626 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T30866 |
45626-45718 |
sentence |
denotes |
Similarly, cardiac performance of PGC-1α−/− mice was compromised following severe exertion. |
T30867 |
45627-45636 |
RB |
denotes |
Similarly |
T30868 |
45680-45691 |
VBN |
denotes |
compromised |
T30869 |
45636-45638 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T30870 |
45638-45645 |
JJ |
denotes |
cardiac |
T30871 |
45646-45657 |
NN |
denotes |
performance |
T30872 |
45658-45660 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T30873 |
45661-45664 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T30874 |
45665-45667 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T30875 |
45664-45665 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T30876 |
45671-45675 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T30877 |
45667-45668 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T30878 |
45668-45669 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T30879 |
45669-45670 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T30880 |
45676-45679 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T30881 |
45692-45701 |
VBG |
denotes |
following |
T30882 |
45702-45708 |
JJ |
denotes |
severe |
T30883 |
45709-45717 |
NN |
denotes |
exertion |
T30884 |
45717-45718 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T30885 |
45718-45782 |
sentence |
denotes |
This effect was largely due to an abnormal heart rate response. |
T30886 |
45719-45723 |
DT |
denotes |
This |
T30887 |
45724-45730 |
NN |
denotes |
effect |
T30888 |
45731-45734 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T30889 |
45735-45742 |
RB |
denotes |
largely |
T30890 |
45743-45746 |
IN |
denotes |
due |
T30891 |
45747-45749 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T30892 |
45750-45752 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T30893 |
45773-45781 |
NN |
denotes |
response |
T30894 |
45753-45761 |
JJ |
denotes |
abnormal |
T30895 |
45762-45767 |
NN |
denotes |
heart |
T30896 |
45768-45772 |
NN |
denotes |
rate |
T30897 |
45781-45782 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T30898 |
45782-46056 |
sentence |
denotes |
The basis for the observed abnormalities of cardiac heart rate, including a blunted response to β-adrenergic stimulation, is unknown, but could be related to the effects of late-stage growth arrest and corresponding derangements in energy metabolism on sinus node function. |
T30899 |
45783-45786 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T30900 |
45787-45792 |
NN |
denotes |
basis |
T30901 |
45905-45907 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T30902 |
45793-45796 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T30903 |
45797-45800 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T30904 |
45810-45823 |
NNS |
denotes |
abnormalities |
T30905 |
45801-45809 |
VBN |
denotes |
observed |
T30906 |
45824-45826 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T30907 |
45827-45834 |
JJ |
denotes |
cardiac |
T30908 |
45841-45845 |
NN |
denotes |
rate |
T30909 |
45835-45840 |
NN |
denotes |
heart |
T30910 |
45845-45847 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T30911 |
45847-45856 |
VBG |
denotes |
including |
T30912 |
45857-45858 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T30913 |
45867-45875 |
NN |
denotes |
response |
T30914 |
45859-45866 |
JJ |
denotes |
blunted |
T30915 |
45876-45878 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T30916 |
45879-45880 |
NN |
denotes |
β |
T30917 |
45881-45891 |
JJ |
denotes |
adrenergic |
T30918 |
45880-45881 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T30919 |
45892-45903 |
NN |
denotes |
stimulation |
T30920 |
45903-45905 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T30921 |
45908-45915 |
JJ |
denotes |
unknown |
T30922 |
45915-45917 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T30923 |
45917-45920 |
CC |
denotes |
but |
T30924 |
45921-45926 |
MD |
denotes |
could |
T30925 |
45927-45929 |
VB |
denotes |
be |
T30926 |
45930-45937 |
JJ |
denotes |
related |
T30927 |
45938-45940 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T30928 |
45941-45944 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T30929 |
45945-45952 |
NNS |
denotes |
effects |
T30930 |
45953-45955 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T30931 |
45956-45960 |
JJ |
denotes |
late |
T30932 |
45961-45966 |
NN |
denotes |
stage |
T30933 |
45960-45961 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T30934 |
45974-45980 |
NN |
denotes |
arrest |
T30935 |
45967-45973 |
NN |
denotes |
growth |
T30936 |
45981-45984 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T30937 |
45985-45998 |
JJ |
denotes |
corresponding |
T30938 |
45999-46011 |
NNS |
denotes |
derangements |
T30939 |
46012-46014 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T30940 |
46015-46021 |
NN |
denotes |
energy |
T30941 |
46022-46032 |
NN |
denotes |
metabolism |
T30942 |
46033-46035 |
IN |
denotes |
on |
T30943 |
46036-46041 |
NN |
denotes |
sinus |
T30944 |
46042-46046 |
NN |
denotes |
node |
T30945 |
46047-46055 |
NN |
denotes |
function |
T30946 |
46055-46056 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T30947 |
46056-46113 |
sentence |
denotes |
PGC-1α was first identified as a coactivator in BAT [2]. |
T30948 |
46057-46060 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T30949 |
46061-46063 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T30950 |
46060-46061 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T30951 |
46074-46084 |
VBN |
denotes |
identified |
T30952 |
46064-46067 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T30953 |
46068-46073 |
RB |
denotes |
first |
T30954 |
46085-46087 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T30955 |
46088-46089 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T30956 |
46090-46101 |
NN |
denotes |
coactivator |
T30957 |
46102-46104 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T30958 |
46105-46108 |
NN |
denotes |
BAT |
T30959 |
46109-46110 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T30960 |
46110-46111 |
CD |
denotes |
2 |
T30961 |
46111-46112 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T30962 |
46112-46113 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T30963 |
46113-46366 |
sentence |
denotes |
Indeed, we found that exposure of the PGC-1α−/− mice to cold, another relevant physiologic stress, resulted in an untoward drop in core body temperature consistent with an abnormality in thermogenesis despite normal cold induction of UCP-1 mRNA in BAT. |
T30964 |
46114-46120 |
RB |
denotes |
Indeed |
T30965 |
46125-46130 |
VBD |
denotes |
found |
T30966 |
46120-46122 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T30967 |
46122-46124 |
PRP |
denotes |
we |
T30968 |
46131-46135 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T30969 |
46213-46221 |
VBD |
denotes |
resulted |
T30970 |
46136-46144 |
NN |
denotes |
exposure |
T30971 |
46145-46147 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T30972 |
46148-46151 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T30973 |
46162-46166 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T30974 |
46152-46155 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T30975 |
46156-46158 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T30976 |
46155-46156 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T30977 |
46158-46159 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T30978 |
46159-46160 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T30979 |
46160-46161 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T30980 |
46167-46169 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T30981 |
46170-46174 |
NN |
denotes |
cold |
T30982 |
46174-46176 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T30983 |
46176-46183 |
DT |
denotes |
another |
T30984 |
46205-46211 |
NN |
denotes |
stress |
T30985 |
46184-46192 |
JJ |
denotes |
relevant |
T30986 |
46193-46204 |
JJ |
denotes |
physiologic |
T30987 |
46211-46213 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T30988 |
46222-46224 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T30989 |
46225-46227 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T30990 |
46237-46241 |
NN |
denotes |
drop |
T30991 |
46228-46236 |
JJ |
denotes |
untoward |
T30992 |
46242-46244 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T30993 |
46245-46249 |
NN |
denotes |
core |
T30994 |
46255-46266 |
NN |
denotes |
temperature |
T30995 |
46250-46254 |
NN |
denotes |
body |
T30996 |
46267-46277 |
JJ |
denotes |
consistent |
T30997 |
46278-46282 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T30998 |
46283-46285 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T30999 |
46286-46297 |
NN |
denotes |
abnormality |
T31000 |
46298-46300 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T31001 |
46301-46314 |
NN |
denotes |
thermogenesis |
T31002 |
46315-46322 |
IN |
denotes |
despite |
T31003 |
46323-46329 |
JJ |
denotes |
normal |
T31004 |
46335-46344 |
NN |
denotes |
induction |
T31005 |
46330-46334 |
NN |
denotes |
cold |
T31006 |
46345-46347 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T31007 |
46348-46351 |
NN |
denotes |
UCP |
T31008 |
46354-46358 |
NN |
denotes |
mRNA |
T31009 |
46351-46352 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T31010 |
46352-46353 |
CD |
denotes |
1 |
T31011 |
46359-46361 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T31012 |
46362-46365 |
NN |
denotes |
BAT |
T31013 |
46365-46366 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T31014 |
46366-46506 |
sentence |
denotes |
Studies with a β3-adrenergic agonist confirmed that the peak oxygen consumption rate in thermogenic tissue is diminished in PGC-1α−/− mice. |
T31015 |
46367-46374 |
NNS |
denotes |
Studies |
T31016 |
46404-46413 |
VBD |
denotes |
confirmed |
T31017 |
46375-46379 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T31018 |
46380-46381 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T31019 |
46396-46403 |
NN |
denotes |
agonist |
T31020 |
46382-46384 |
NN |
denotes |
β3 |
T31021 |
46385-46395 |
JJ |
denotes |
adrenergic |
T31022 |
46384-46385 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T31023 |
46414-46418 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T31024 |
46477-46487 |
VBN |
denotes |
diminished |
T31025 |
46419-46422 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T31026 |
46447-46451 |
NN |
denotes |
rate |
T31027 |
46423-46427 |
JJ |
denotes |
peak |
T31028 |
46428-46434 |
NN |
denotes |
oxygen |
T31029 |
46435-46446 |
NN |
denotes |
consumption |
T31030 |
46452-46454 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T31031 |
46455-46466 |
JJ |
denotes |
thermogenic |
T31032 |
46467-46473 |
NN |
denotes |
tissue |
T31033 |
46474-46476 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T31034 |
46488-46490 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T31035 |
46491-46494 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T31036 |
46495-46497 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T31037 |
46494-46495 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T31038 |
46501-46505 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T31039 |
46497-46498 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T31040 |
46498-46499 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T31041 |
46499-46500 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T31042 |
46505-46506 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T31043 |
46506-46617 |
sentence |
denotes |
We propose that the thermogenic phenotype is related to reduced capacity for mitochondrial respiration in BAT. |
T31044 |
46507-46509 |
PRP |
denotes |
We |
T31045 |
46510-46517 |
VBP |
denotes |
propose |
T31046 |
46518-46522 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T31047 |
46552-46559 |
VBN |
denotes |
related |
T31048 |
46523-46526 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T31049 |
46539-46548 |
NN |
denotes |
phenotype |
T31050 |
46527-46538 |
JJ |
denotes |
thermogenic |
T31051 |
46549-46551 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T31052 |
46560-46562 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T31053 |
46563-46570 |
VBN |
denotes |
reduced |
T31054 |
46571-46579 |
NN |
denotes |
capacity |
T31055 |
46580-46583 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T31056 |
46584-46597 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T31057 |
46598-46609 |
NN |
denotes |
respiration |
T31058 |
46610-46612 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T31059 |
46613-46616 |
NN |
denotes |
BAT |
T31060 |
46616-46617 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T31061 |
46617-46713 |
sentence |
denotes |
Interestingly, this phenotype was only evident during a rather narrow window of postnatal life. |
T31062 |
46618-46631 |
RB |
denotes |
Interestingly |
T31063 |
46648-46651 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T31064 |
46631-46633 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T31065 |
46633-46637 |
DT |
denotes |
this |
T31066 |
46638-46647 |
NN |
denotes |
phenotype |
T31067 |
46652-46656 |
RB |
denotes |
only |
T31068 |
46657-46664 |
JJ |
denotes |
evident |
T31069 |
46665-46671 |
IN |
denotes |
during |
T31070 |
46672-46673 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T31071 |
46688-46694 |
NN |
denotes |
window |
T31072 |
46674-46680 |
RB |
denotes |
rather |
T31073 |
46681-46687 |
JJ |
denotes |
narrow |
T31074 |
46695-46697 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T31075 |
46698-46707 |
JJ |
denotes |
postnatal |
T31076 |
46708-46712 |
NN |
denotes |
life |
T31077 |
46712-46713 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T31078 |
46713-46837 |
sentence |
denotes |
Animals at an older age did not exhibit cold intolerance, possibly due to the insulating properties of increased body mass. |
T31079 |
46714-46721 |
NNS |
denotes |
Animals |
T31080 |
46746-46753 |
VB |
denotes |
exhibit |
T31081 |
46722-46724 |
IN |
denotes |
at |
T31082 |
46725-46727 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T31083 |
46734-46737 |
NN |
denotes |
age |
T31084 |
46728-46733 |
JJR |
denotes |
older |
T31085 |
46738-46741 |
VBD |
denotes |
did |
T31086 |
46742-46745 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T31087 |
46754-46758 |
NN |
denotes |
cold |
T31088 |
46759-46770 |
NN |
denotes |
intolerance |
T31089 |
46770-46772 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T31090 |
46772-46780 |
RB |
denotes |
possibly |
T31091 |
46781-46784 |
IN |
denotes |
due |
T31092 |
46785-46787 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T31093 |
46788-46791 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T31094 |
46803-46813 |
NNS |
denotes |
properties |
T31095 |
46792-46802 |
VBG |
denotes |
insulating |
T31096 |
46814-46816 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T31097 |
46817-46826 |
VBN |
denotes |
increased |
T31098 |
46832-46836 |
NN |
denotes |
mass |
T31099 |
46827-46831 |
NN |
denotes |
body |
T31100 |
46836-46837 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T31101 |
46837-46982 |
sentence |
denotes |
Collectively, these results demonstrate the importance of PGC-1α as a key transducer of physiologic stimuli to the control of energy metabolism. |
T31102 |
46838-46850 |
RB |
denotes |
Collectively |
T31103 |
46866-46877 |
VBP |
denotes |
demonstrate |
T31104 |
46850-46852 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T31105 |
46852-46857 |
DT |
denotes |
these |
T31106 |
46858-46865 |
NNS |
denotes |
results |
T31107 |
46878-46881 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T31108 |
46882-46892 |
NN |
denotes |
importance |
T31109 |
46893-46895 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T31110 |
46896-46899 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T31111 |
46900-46902 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T31112 |
46899-46900 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T31113 |
46903-46905 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T31114 |
46906-46907 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T31115 |
46912-46922 |
NN |
denotes |
transducer |
T31116 |
46908-46911 |
JJ |
denotes |
key |
T31117 |
46923-46925 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T31118 |
46926-46937 |
JJ |
denotes |
physiologic |
T31119 |
46938-46945 |
NNS |
denotes |
stimuli |
T31120 |
46946-46948 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T31121 |
46949-46952 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T31122 |
46953-46960 |
NN |
denotes |
control |
T31123 |
46961-46963 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T31124 |
46964-46970 |
NN |
denotes |
energy |
T31125 |
46971-46981 |
NN |
denotes |
metabolism |
T31126 |
46981-46982 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T31127 |
46982-47146 |
sentence |
denotes |
The observation of fasting-induced hepatic steatosis is another example of the inability of PGC-1α−/− mice to respond to postnatal environmental metabolic demands. |
T31128 |
46983-46986 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T31129 |
46987-46998 |
NN |
denotes |
observation |
T31130 |
47036-47038 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T31131 |
46999-47001 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T31132 |
47002-47009 |
NN |
denotes |
fasting |
T31133 |
47010-47017 |
VBN |
denotes |
induced |
T31134 |
47009-47010 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T31135 |
47026-47035 |
NN |
denotes |
steatosis |
T31136 |
47018-47025 |
JJ |
denotes |
hepatic |
T31137 |
47039-47046 |
DT |
denotes |
another |
T31138 |
47047-47054 |
NN |
denotes |
example |
T31139 |
47055-47057 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T31140 |
47058-47061 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T31141 |
47062-47071 |
NN |
denotes |
inability |
T31142 |
47072-47074 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T31143 |
47075-47078 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T31144 |
47079-47081 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T31145 |
47078-47079 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T31146 |
47085-47089 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T31147 |
47081-47082 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T31148 |
47082-47083 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T31149 |
47083-47084 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T31150 |
47090-47092 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T31151 |
47093-47100 |
VB |
denotes |
respond |
T31152 |
47101-47103 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T31153 |
47104-47113 |
JJ |
denotes |
postnatal |
T31154 |
47114-47127 |
JJ |
denotes |
environmental |
T31155 |
47138-47145 |
NNS |
denotes |
demands |
T31156 |
47128-47137 |
JJ |
denotes |
metabolic |
T31157 |
47145-47146 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T31158 |
47146-47267 |
sentence |
denotes |
Following short-term starvation, we found that the PGC-1α−/− mice developed marked hepatocyte triglyceride accumulation. |
T31159 |
47147-47156 |
VBG |
denotes |
Following |
T31160 |
47183-47188 |
VBD |
denotes |
found |
T31161 |
47157-47162 |
JJ |
denotes |
short |
T31162 |
47163-47167 |
NN |
denotes |
term |
T31163 |
47162-47163 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T31164 |
47168-47178 |
NN |
denotes |
starvation |
T31165 |
47178-47180 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T31166 |
47180-47182 |
PRP |
denotes |
we |
T31167 |
47189-47193 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T31168 |
47213-47222 |
VBD |
denotes |
developed |
T31169 |
47194-47197 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T31170 |
47208-47212 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T31171 |
47198-47201 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T31172 |
47202-47204 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T31173 |
47201-47202 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T31174 |
47204-47205 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T31175 |
47205-47206 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T31176 |
47206-47207 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T31177 |
47223-47229 |
JJ |
denotes |
marked |
T31178 |
47254-47266 |
NN |
denotes |
accumulation |
T31179 |
47230-47240 |
NN |
denotes |
hepatocyte |
T31180 |
47241-47253 |
NN |
denotes |
triglyceride |
T31181 |
47266-47267 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T31182 |
47267-47432 |
sentence |
denotes |
Further analysis revealed that palmitate oxidation rates were reduced in hepatocytes isolated from the PGC-1α−/− mice, which would predispose to lipid accumulation. |
T31183 |
47268-47275 |
RB |
denotes |
Further |
T31184 |
47276-47284 |
NN |
denotes |
analysis |
T31185 |
47285-47293 |
VBD |
denotes |
revealed |
T31186 |
47294-47298 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T31187 |
47330-47337 |
VBN |
denotes |
reduced |
T31188 |
47299-47308 |
NN |
denotes |
palmitate |
T31189 |
47309-47318 |
NN |
denotes |
oxidation |
T31190 |
47319-47324 |
NNS |
denotes |
rates |
T31191 |
47325-47329 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T31192 |
47338-47340 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T31193 |
47341-47352 |
NNS |
denotes |
hepatocytes |
T31194 |
47353-47361 |
VBN |
denotes |
isolated |
T31195 |
47362-47366 |
IN |
denotes |
from |
T31196 |
47367-47370 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T31197 |
47381-47385 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T31198 |
47371-47374 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T31199 |
47375-47377 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T31200 |
47374-47375 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T31201 |
47377-47378 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T31202 |
47378-47379 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T31203 |
47379-47380 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T31204 |
47385-47387 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T31205 |
47387-47392 |
WDT |
denotes |
which |
T31206 |
47399-47409 |
VB |
denotes |
predispose |
T31207 |
47393-47398 |
MD |
denotes |
would |
T31208 |
47410-47412 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T31209 |
47413-47418 |
NN |
denotes |
lipid |
T31210 |
47419-47431 |
NN |
denotes |
accumulation |
T31211 |
47431-47432 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T31212 |
47432-47627 |
sentence |
denotes |
Surprisingly, the reduction in fatty acid oxidation rates in PGC-1α null hepatocytes was not due to altered expression of PGC-1α/PPAR target genes involved in mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation. |
T31213 |
47433-47445 |
RB |
denotes |
Surprisingly |
T31214 |
47518-47521 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T31215 |
47445-47447 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T31216 |
47447-47450 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T31217 |
47451-47460 |
NN |
denotes |
reduction |
T31218 |
47461-47463 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T31219 |
47464-47469 |
JJ |
denotes |
fatty |
T31220 |
47470-47474 |
NN |
denotes |
acid |
T31221 |
47485-47490 |
NNS |
denotes |
rates |
T31222 |
47475-47484 |
NN |
denotes |
oxidation |
T31223 |
47491-47493 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T31224 |
47494-47497 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T31225 |
47498-47500 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T31226 |
47497-47498 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T31227 |
47501-47505 |
JJ |
denotes |
null |
T31228 |
47506-47517 |
NNS |
denotes |
hepatocytes |
T31229 |
47522-47525 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T31230 |
47526-47529 |
IN |
denotes |
due |
T31231 |
47530-47532 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T31232 |
47533-47540 |
JJ |
denotes |
altered |
T31233 |
47541-47551 |
NN |
denotes |
expression |
T31234 |
47552-47554 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T31235 |
47555-47558 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T31236 |
47559-47561 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T31237 |
47558-47559 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T31238 |
47574-47579 |
NNS |
denotes |
genes |
T31239 |
47561-47562 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T31240 |
47562-47566 |
NN |
denotes |
PPAR |
T31241 |
47567-47573 |
NN |
denotes |
target |
T31242 |
47580-47588 |
VBN |
denotes |
involved |
T31243 |
47589-47591 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T31244 |
47592-47605 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T31245 |
47617-47626 |
NN |
denotes |
oxidation |
T31246 |
47606-47611 |
JJ |
denotes |
fatty |
T31247 |
47612-47616 |
NN |
denotes |
acid |
T31248 |
47626-47627 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T31249 |
47627-47685 |
sentence |
denotes |
However, mitochondrial respiratory rates were diminished. |
T31250 |
47628-47635 |
RB |
denotes |
However |
T31251 |
47674-47684 |
VBN |
denotes |
diminished |
T31252 |
47635-47637 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T31253 |
47637-47650 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T31254 |
47663-47668 |
NNS |
denotes |
rates |
T31255 |
47651-47662 |
JJ |
denotes |
respiratory |
T31256 |
47669-47673 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T31257 |
47684-47685 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T31258 |
47685-47933 |
sentence |
denotes |
In addition, we found that triglyceride synthesis was abnormally activated, and the expression of genes encoding SREBP-1c and SCD-1, key proteins in the hepatic lipogenic pathway, failed to be appropriately down-regulated in fasted PGC-1α−/− mice. |
T31259 |
47686-47688 |
IN |
denotes |
In |
T31260 |
47702-47707 |
VBD |
denotes |
found |
T31261 |
47689-47697 |
NN |
denotes |
addition |
T31262 |
47697-47699 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T31263 |
47699-47701 |
PRP |
denotes |
we |
T31264 |
47708-47712 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T31265 |
47751-47760 |
VBN |
denotes |
activated |
T31266 |
47713-47725 |
NN |
denotes |
triglyceride |
T31267 |
47726-47735 |
NN |
denotes |
synthesis |
T31268 |
47736-47739 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T31269 |
47740-47750 |
RB |
denotes |
abnormally |
T31270 |
47760-47762 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T31271 |
47762-47765 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T31272 |
47766-47769 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T31273 |
47770-47780 |
NN |
denotes |
expression |
T31274 |
47866-47872 |
VBD |
denotes |
failed |
T31275 |
47781-47783 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T31276 |
47784-47789 |
NNS |
denotes |
genes |
T31277 |
47790-47798 |
VBG |
denotes |
encoding |
T31278 |
47799-47804 |
NN |
denotes |
SREBP |
T31279 |
47805-47807 |
NN |
denotes |
1c |
T31280 |
47804-47805 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T31281 |
47808-47811 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T31282 |
47812-47815 |
NN |
denotes |
SCD |
T31283 |
47815-47816 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T31284 |
47816-47817 |
CD |
denotes |
1 |
T31285 |
47817-47819 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T31286 |
47819-47822 |
JJ |
denotes |
key |
T31287 |
47823-47831 |
NN |
denotes |
proteins |
T31288 |
47832-47834 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T31289 |
47835-47838 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T31290 |
47857-47864 |
NN |
denotes |
pathway |
T31291 |
47839-47846 |
JJ |
denotes |
hepatic |
T31292 |
47847-47856 |
JJ |
denotes |
lipogenic |
T31293 |
47864-47866 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T31294 |
47873-47875 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T31295 |
47898-47907 |
VBN |
denotes |
regulated |
T31296 |
47876-47878 |
VB |
denotes |
be |
T31297 |
47879-47892 |
RB |
denotes |
appropriately |
T31298 |
47893-47897 |
RB |
denotes |
down |
T31299 |
47897-47898 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T31300 |
47908-47910 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T31301 |
47911-47917 |
VBN |
denotes |
fasted |
T31302 |
47928-47932 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T31303 |
47918-47921 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T31304 |
47922-47924 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T31305 |
47921-47922 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T31306 |
47924-47925 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T31307 |
47925-47926 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T31308 |
47926-47927 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T31309 |
47932-47933 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T31310 |
47933-47991 |
sentence |
denotes |
The mechanism involved in this latter finding is unknown. |
T31311 |
47934-47937 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T31312 |
47938-47947 |
NN |
denotes |
mechanism |
T31313 |
47980-47982 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T31314 |
47948-47956 |
VBN |
denotes |
involved |
T31315 |
47957-47959 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T31316 |
47960-47964 |
DT |
denotes |
this |
T31317 |
47972-47979 |
NN |
denotes |
finding |
T31318 |
47965-47971 |
JJ |
denotes |
latter |
T31319 |
47983-47990 |
JJ |
denotes |
unknown |
T31320 |
47990-47991 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T31321 |
47991-48306 |
sentence |
denotes |
Indeed, the relative contribution of increased triglyceride synthesis rates to the steatotic phenotype cannot be fully discerned from our data, given that this response could reflect the direct effects of PGC-1α deficiency on target genes or a secondary compensatory response to hepatocyte fatty acid accumulation. |
T31322 |
47992-47998 |
RB |
denotes |
Indeed |
T31323 |
48111-48120 |
VBN |
denotes |
discerned |
T31324 |
47998-48000 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T31325 |
48000-48003 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T31326 |
48013-48025 |
NN |
denotes |
contribution |
T31327 |
48004-48012 |
JJ |
denotes |
relative |
T31328 |
48026-48028 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T31329 |
48029-48038 |
VBN |
denotes |
increased |
T31330 |
48062-48067 |
NNS |
denotes |
rates |
T31331 |
48039-48051 |
NN |
denotes |
triglyceride |
T31332 |
48052-48061 |
NN |
denotes |
synthesis |
T31333 |
48068-48070 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T31334 |
48071-48074 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T31335 |
48085-48094 |
NN |
denotes |
phenotype |
T31336 |
48075-48084 |
JJ |
denotes |
steatotic |
T31337 |
48095-48098 |
MD |
denotes |
can |
T31338 |
48098-48101 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T31339 |
48102-48104 |
VB |
denotes |
be |
T31340 |
48105-48110 |
RB |
denotes |
fully |
T31341 |
48121-48125 |
IN |
denotes |
from |
T31342 |
48126-48129 |
PRP$ |
denotes |
our |
T31343 |
48130-48134 |
NNS |
denotes |
data |
T31344 |
48134-48136 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T31345 |
48136-48141 |
VBN |
denotes |
given |
T31346 |
48142-48146 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T31347 |
48167-48174 |
VB |
denotes |
reflect |
T31348 |
48147-48151 |
DT |
denotes |
this |
T31349 |
48152-48160 |
NN |
denotes |
response |
T31350 |
48161-48166 |
MD |
denotes |
could |
T31351 |
48175-48178 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T31352 |
48186-48193 |
NNS |
denotes |
effects |
T31353 |
48179-48185 |
JJ |
denotes |
direct |
T31354 |
48194-48196 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T31355 |
48197-48200 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T31356 |
48201-48203 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T31357 |
48200-48201 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T31358 |
48204-48214 |
NN |
denotes |
deficiency |
T31359 |
48215-48217 |
IN |
denotes |
on |
T31360 |
48218-48224 |
NN |
denotes |
target |
T31361 |
48225-48230 |
NNS |
denotes |
genes |
T31362 |
48231-48233 |
CC |
denotes |
or |
T31363 |
48234-48235 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T31364 |
48259-48267 |
NN |
denotes |
response |
T31365 |
48236-48245 |
JJ |
denotes |
secondary |
T31366 |
48246-48258 |
JJ |
denotes |
compensatory |
T31367 |
48268-48270 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T31368 |
48271-48281 |
NN |
denotes |
hepatocyte |
T31369 |
48293-48305 |
NN |
denotes |
accumulation |
T31370 |
48282-48287 |
JJ |
denotes |
fatty |
T31371 |
48288-48292 |
NN |
denotes |
acid |
T31372 |
48305-48306 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T31373 |
48306-48499 |
sentence |
denotes |
Consistent with the former possibility, recent evidence indicates that PGC-1α coactivates the nuclear receptor FXR, a negative regulator of SREBP-1c expression and triglyceride synthesis [33]. |
T31374 |
48307-48317 |
JJ |
denotes |
Consistent |
T31375 |
48363-48372 |
VBZ |
denotes |
indicates |
T31376 |
48318-48322 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T31377 |
48323-48326 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T31378 |
48334-48345 |
NN |
denotes |
possibility |
T31379 |
48327-48333 |
JJ |
denotes |
former |
T31380 |
48345-48347 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T31381 |
48347-48353 |
JJ |
denotes |
recent |
T31382 |
48354-48362 |
NN |
denotes |
evidence |
T31383 |
48373-48377 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T31384 |
48385-48396 |
VBZ |
denotes |
coactivates |
T31385 |
48378-48381 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T31386 |
48382-48384 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T31387 |
48381-48382 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T31388 |
48397-48400 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T31389 |
48409-48417 |
NN |
denotes |
receptor |
T31390 |
48401-48408 |
JJ |
denotes |
nuclear |
T31391 |
48418-48421 |
NN |
denotes |
FXR |
T31392 |
48421-48423 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T31393 |
48423-48424 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T31394 |
48434-48443 |
NN |
denotes |
regulator |
T31395 |
48425-48433 |
JJ |
denotes |
negative |
T31396 |
48444-48446 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T31397 |
48447-48452 |
NN |
denotes |
SREBP |
T31398 |
48453-48455 |
NN |
denotes |
1c |
T31399 |
48452-48453 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T31400 |
48456-48466 |
NN |
denotes |
expression |
T31401 |
48467-48470 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T31402 |
48471-48483 |
NN |
denotes |
triglyceride |
T31403 |
48484-48493 |
NN |
denotes |
synthesis |
T31404 |
48494-48495 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T31405 |
48495-48497 |
CD |
denotes |
33 |
T31406 |
48497-48498 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T31407 |
48498-48499 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T31408 |
48499-48754 |
sentence |
denotes |
We conclude that reduced hepatocyte mitochondrial respiratory capacity, and possibly activation of lipogenic programs, result in hepatocyte triglyceride accumulation in the context of increased hepatic delivery of fatty acids such as occurs with fasting. |
T31409 |
48500-48502 |
PRP |
denotes |
We |
T31410 |
48503-48511 |
VBP |
denotes |
conclude |
T31411 |
48512-48516 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T31412 |
48619-48625 |
VBP |
denotes |
result |
T31413 |
48517-48524 |
VBN |
denotes |
reduced |
T31414 |
48562-48570 |
NN |
denotes |
capacity |
T31415 |
48525-48535 |
NN |
denotes |
hepatocyte |
T31416 |
48536-48549 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T31417 |
48550-48561 |
JJ |
denotes |
respiratory |
T31418 |
48570-48572 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T31419 |
48572-48575 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T31420 |
48576-48584 |
RB |
denotes |
possibly |
T31421 |
48585-48595 |
NN |
denotes |
activation |
T31422 |
48596-48598 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T31423 |
48599-48608 |
JJ |
denotes |
lipogenic |
T31424 |
48609-48617 |
NNS |
denotes |
programs |
T31425 |
48617-48619 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T31426 |
48626-48628 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T31427 |
48629-48639 |
NN |
denotes |
hepatocyte |
T31428 |
48640-48652 |
NN |
denotes |
triglyceride |
T31429 |
48653-48665 |
NN |
denotes |
accumulation |
T31430 |
48666-48668 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T31431 |
48669-48672 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T31432 |
48673-48680 |
NN |
denotes |
context |
T31433 |
48681-48683 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T31434 |
48684-48693 |
VBN |
denotes |
increased |
T31435 |
48702-48710 |
NN |
denotes |
delivery |
T31436 |
48694-48701 |
JJ |
denotes |
hepatic |
T31437 |
48711-48713 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T31438 |
48714-48719 |
JJ |
denotes |
fatty |
T31439 |
48720-48725 |
NNS |
denotes |
acids |
T31440 |
48726-48730 |
JJ |
denotes |
such |
T31441 |
48731-48733 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T31442 |
48734-48740 |
VBZ |
denotes |
occurs |
T31443 |
48741-48745 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T31444 |
48746-48753 |
NN |
denotes |
fasting |
T31445 |
48753-48754 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T31446 |
48754-48906 |
sentence |
denotes |
We found that after 18 wk of age, female PGC-1α−/− mice exhibit a mild but significantly abnormal weight increase associated with increased fat stores. |
T31447 |
48755-48757 |
PRP |
denotes |
We |
T31448 |
48758-48763 |
VBD |
denotes |
found |
T31449 |
48764-48768 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T31450 |
48811-48818 |
VBP |
denotes |
exhibit |
T31451 |
48769-48774 |
IN |
denotes |
after |
T31452 |
48775-48777 |
CD |
denotes |
18 |
T31453 |
48778-48780 |
NN |
denotes |
wk |
T31454 |
48781-48783 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T31455 |
48784-48787 |
NN |
denotes |
age |
T31456 |
48787-48789 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T31457 |
48789-48795 |
JJ |
denotes |
female |
T31458 |
48806-48810 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T31459 |
48796-48799 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T31460 |
48800-48802 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T31461 |
48799-48800 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T31462 |
48802-48803 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T31463 |
48803-48804 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T31464 |
48804-48805 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T31465 |
48819-48820 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T31466 |
48860-48868 |
NN |
denotes |
increase |
T31467 |
48821-48825 |
JJ |
denotes |
mild |
T31468 |
48826-48829 |
CC |
denotes |
but |
T31469 |
48830-48843 |
RB |
denotes |
significantly |
T31470 |
48844-48852 |
JJ |
denotes |
abnormal |
T31471 |
48853-48859 |
NN |
denotes |
weight |
T31472 |
48869-48879 |
VBN |
denotes |
associated |
T31473 |
48880-48884 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T31474 |
48885-48894 |
VBN |
denotes |
increased |
T31475 |
48899-48905 |
NNS |
denotes |
stores |
T31476 |
48895-48898 |
NN |
denotes |
fat |
T31477 |
48905-48906 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T31478 |
48906-48959 |
sentence |
denotes |
Lean mass was unchanged at the time points examined. |
T31479 |
48907-48911 |
JJ |
denotes |
Lean |
T31480 |
48912-48916 |
NN |
denotes |
mass |
T31481 |
48917-48920 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T31482 |
48921-48930 |
JJ |
denotes |
unchanged |
T31483 |
48931-48933 |
IN |
denotes |
at |
T31484 |
48934-48937 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T31485 |
48943-48949 |
NNS |
denotes |
points |
T31486 |
48938-48942 |
NN |
denotes |
time |
T31487 |
48950-48958 |
VBN |
denotes |
examined |
T31488 |
48958-48959 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T31489 |
48959-49083 |
sentence |
denotes |
With further aging, a modest but significant increase in body fat was also noted in male PGC-1α−/− mice (unpublished data). |
T31490 |
48960-48964 |
IN |
denotes |
With |
T31491 |
49035-49040 |
VBN |
denotes |
noted |
T31492 |
48965-48972 |
JJ |
denotes |
further |
T31493 |
48973-48978 |
NN |
denotes |
aging |
T31494 |
48978-48980 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T31495 |
48980-48981 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T31496 |
49005-49013 |
NN |
denotes |
increase |
T31497 |
48982-48988 |
JJ |
denotes |
modest |
T31498 |
48989-48992 |
CC |
denotes |
but |
T31499 |
48993-49004 |
JJ |
denotes |
significant |
T31500 |
49014-49016 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T31501 |
49017-49021 |
NN |
denotes |
body |
T31502 |
49022-49025 |
NN |
denotes |
fat |
T31503 |
49026-49029 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T31504 |
49030-49034 |
RB |
denotes |
also |
T31505 |
49041-49043 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T31506 |
49044-49048 |
JJ |
denotes |
male |
T31507 |
49059-49063 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T31508 |
49049-49052 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T31509 |
49053-49055 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T31510 |
49052-49053 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T31511 |
49055-49056 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T31512 |
49056-49057 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T31513 |
49057-49058 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T31514 |
49064-49065 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T31515 |
49077-49081 |
NNS |
denotes |
data |
T31516 |
49065-49076 |
JJ |
denotes |
unpublished |
T31517 |
49081-49082 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T31518 |
49082-49083 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T31519 |
49083-49154 |
sentence |
denotes |
The basis for the observed abnormalities in weight control is unknown. |
T31520 |
49084-49087 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T31521 |
49088-49093 |
NN |
denotes |
basis |
T31522 |
49143-49145 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T31523 |
49094-49097 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T31524 |
49098-49101 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T31525 |
49111-49124 |
NNS |
denotes |
abnormalities |
T31526 |
49102-49110 |
VBN |
denotes |
observed |
T31527 |
49125-49127 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T31528 |
49128-49134 |
NN |
denotes |
weight |
T31529 |
49135-49142 |
NN |
denotes |
control |
T31530 |
49146-49153 |
JJ |
denotes |
unknown |
T31531 |
49153-49154 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T31532 |
49154-49242 |
sentence |
denotes |
We did not find differences in food intake or activity levels in female PGC-1α−/− mice. |
T31533 |
49155-49157 |
PRP |
denotes |
We |
T31534 |
49166-49170 |
VB |
denotes |
find |
T31535 |
49158-49161 |
VBD |
denotes |
did |
T31536 |
49162-49165 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T31537 |
49171-49182 |
NNS |
denotes |
differences |
T31538 |
49183-49185 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T31539 |
49186-49190 |
NN |
denotes |
food |
T31540 |
49191-49197 |
NN |
denotes |
intake |
T31541 |
49198-49200 |
CC |
denotes |
or |
T31542 |
49201-49209 |
NN |
denotes |
activity |
T31543 |
49210-49216 |
NNS |
denotes |
levels |
T31544 |
49217-49219 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T31545 |
49220-49226 |
JJ |
denotes |
female |
T31546 |
49237-49241 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T31547 |
49227-49230 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T31548 |
49231-49233 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T31549 |
49230-49231 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T31550 |
49233-49234 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T31551 |
49234-49235 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T31552 |
49235-49236 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T31553 |
49241-49242 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T31554 |
49242-49415 |
sentence |
denotes |
It is possible that a reduction in systemic energy utilization, related to the mitochondrial dysfunction, leads to increased fat mass and weight gain in the PGC-1α−/− mice. |
T31555 |
49243-49245 |
PRP |
denotes |
It |
T31556 |
49246-49248 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T31557 |
49249-49257 |
JJ |
denotes |
possible |
T31558 |
49258-49262 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T31559 |
49349-49354 |
VBZ |
denotes |
leads |
T31560 |
49263-49264 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T31561 |
49265-49274 |
NN |
denotes |
reduction |
T31562 |
49275-49277 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T31563 |
49278-49286 |
JJ |
denotes |
systemic |
T31564 |
49294-49305 |
NN |
denotes |
utilization |
T31565 |
49287-49293 |
NN |
denotes |
energy |
T31566 |
49305-49307 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T31567 |
49307-49314 |
VBN |
denotes |
related |
T31568 |
49315-49317 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T31569 |
49318-49321 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T31570 |
49336-49347 |
NN |
denotes |
dysfunction |
T31571 |
49322-49335 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T31572 |
49347-49349 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T31573 |
49355-49357 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T31574 |
49358-49367 |
VBN |
denotes |
increased |
T31575 |
49372-49376 |
NN |
denotes |
mass |
T31576 |
49368-49371 |
NN |
denotes |
fat |
T31577 |
49377-49380 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T31578 |
49381-49387 |
NN |
denotes |
weight |
T31579 |
49388-49392 |
NN |
denotes |
gain |
T31580 |
49393-49395 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T31581 |
49396-49399 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T31582 |
49410-49414 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T31583 |
49400-49403 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T31584 |
49404-49406 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T31585 |
49403-49404 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T31586 |
49406-49407 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T31587 |
49407-49408 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T31588 |
49408-49409 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T31589 |
49414-49415 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T31590 |
49415-49534 |
sentence |
denotes |
Interestingly, an association between PGC-1α gene polymorphisms and obesity in humans has been recently reported [26]. |
T31591 |
49416-49429 |
RB |
denotes |
Interestingly |
T31592 |
49520-49528 |
VBN |
denotes |
reported |
T31593 |
49429-49431 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T31594 |
49431-49433 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T31595 |
49434-49445 |
NN |
denotes |
association |
T31596 |
49446-49453 |
IN |
denotes |
between |
T31597 |
49454-49457 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T31598 |
49458-49460 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T31599 |
49457-49458 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T31600 |
49466-49479 |
NNS |
denotes |
polymorphisms |
T31601 |
49461-49465 |
NN |
denotes |
gene |
T31602 |
49480-49483 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T31603 |
49484-49491 |
NN |
denotes |
obesity |
T31604 |
49492-49494 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T31605 |
49495-49501 |
NNS |
denotes |
humans |
T31606 |
49502-49505 |
VBZ |
denotes |
has |
T31607 |
49506-49510 |
VBN |
denotes |
been |
T31608 |
49511-49519 |
RB |
denotes |
recently |
T31609 |
49529-49530 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T31610 |
49530-49532 |
CD |
denotes |
26 |
T31611 |
49532-49533 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T31612 |
49533-49534 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T31613 |
49534-49746 |
sentence |
denotes |
Clearly, future studies of male and female PGC-1α−/− mice in pure-strain backgrounds over a range of ages will be necessary to fully investigate the observed abnormalities in weight control and fat distribution. |
T31614 |
49535-49542 |
RB |
denotes |
Clearly |
T31615 |
49646-49648 |
VB |
denotes |
be |
T31616 |
49542-49544 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T31617 |
49544-49550 |
JJ |
denotes |
future |
T31618 |
49551-49558 |
NNS |
denotes |
studies |
T31619 |
49559-49561 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T31620 |
49562-49566 |
JJ |
denotes |
male |
T31621 |
49588-49592 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T31622 |
49567-49570 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T31623 |
49571-49577 |
JJ |
denotes |
female |
T31624 |
49578-49581 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T31625 |
49582-49584 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T31626 |
49581-49582 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T31627 |
49584-49585 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T31628 |
49585-49586 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T31629 |
49586-49587 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T31630 |
49593-49595 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T31631 |
49596-49600 |
JJ |
denotes |
pure |
T31632 |
49601-49607 |
NN |
denotes |
strain |
T31633 |
49600-49601 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T31634 |
49608-49619 |
NNS |
denotes |
backgrounds |
T31635 |
49620-49624 |
IN |
denotes |
over |
T31636 |
49625-49626 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T31637 |
49627-49632 |
NN |
denotes |
range |
T31638 |
49633-49635 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T31639 |
49636-49640 |
NNS |
denotes |
ages |
T31640 |
49641-49645 |
MD |
denotes |
will |
T31641 |
49649-49658 |
JJ |
denotes |
necessary |
T31642 |
49659-49661 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T31643 |
49668-49679 |
VB |
denotes |
investigate |
T31644 |
49662-49667 |
RB |
denotes |
fully |
T31645 |
49680-49683 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T31646 |
49693-49706 |
NNS |
denotes |
abnormalities |
T31647 |
49684-49692 |
VBN |
denotes |
observed |
T31648 |
49707-49709 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T31649 |
49710-49716 |
NN |
denotes |
weight |
T31650 |
49717-49724 |
NN |
denotes |
control |
T31651 |
49725-49728 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T31652 |
49729-49732 |
NN |
denotes |
fat |
T31653 |
49733-49745 |
NN |
denotes |
distribution |
T31654 |
49745-49746 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T31655 |
49746-49860 |
sentence |
denotes |
We did not find evidence for glucose intolerance or insulin resistance in the PGC-1α−/− animals on standard chow. |
T31656 |
49747-49749 |
PRP |
denotes |
We |
T31657 |
49758-49762 |
VB |
denotes |
find |
T31658 |
49750-49753 |
VBD |
denotes |
did |
T31659 |
49754-49757 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T31660 |
49763-49771 |
NN |
denotes |
evidence |
T31661 |
49772-49775 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T31662 |
49776-49783 |
NN |
denotes |
glucose |
T31663 |
49784-49795 |
NN |
denotes |
intolerance |
T31664 |
49796-49798 |
CC |
denotes |
or |
T31665 |
49799-49806 |
NN |
denotes |
insulin |
T31666 |
49807-49817 |
NN |
denotes |
resistance |
T31667 |
49818-49820 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T31668 |
49821-49824 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T31669 |
49835-49842 |
NNS |
denotes |
animals |
T31670 |
49825-49828 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T31671 |
49829-49831 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T31672 |
49828-49829 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T31673 |
49831-49832 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T31674 |
49832-49833 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T31675 |
49833-49834 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T31676 |
49843-49845 |
IN |
denotes |
on |
T31677 |
49846-49854 |
JJ |
denotes |
standard |
T31678 |
49855-49859 |
NN |
denotes |
chow |
T31679 |
49859-49860 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T31680 |
49860-49997 |
sentence |
denotes |
Moreover, female PGC-1α−/− mice were more glucose-tolerant and insulin-sensitive than PGC-1α+/+ controls when consuming a high-fat diet. |
T31681 |
49861-49869 |
RB |
denotes |
Moreover |
T31682 |
49893-49897 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T31683 |
49869-49871 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T31684 |
49871-49877 |
JJ |
denotes |
female |
T31685 |
49888-49892 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T31686 |
49878-49881 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T31687 |
49882-49884 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T31688 |
49881-49882 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T31689 |
49884-49885 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T31690 |
49885-49886 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T31691 |
49886-49887 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T31692 |
49898-49902 |
RBR |
denotes |
more |
T31693 |
49911-49919 |
JJ |
denotes |
tolerant |
T31694 |
49903-49910 |
NN |
denotes |
glucose |
T31695 |
49910-49911 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T31696 |
49920-49923 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T31697 |
49924-49931 |
NN |
denotes |
insulin |
T31698 |
49932-49941 |
JJ |
denotes |
sensitive |
T31699 |
49931-49932 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T31700 |
49942-49946 |
IN |
denotes |
than |
T31701 |
49947-49950 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T31702 |
49951-49953 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T31703 |
49950-49951 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T31704 |
49957-49965 |
NNS |
denotes |
controls |
T31705 |
49953-49954 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T31706 |
49954-49955 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T31707 |
49955-49956 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T31708 |
49966-49970 |
WRB |
denotes |
when |
T31709 |
49971-49980 |
VBG |
denotes |
consuming |
T31710 |
49981-49982 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T31711 |
49992-49996 |
NN |
denotes |
diet |
T31712 |
49983-49987 |
JJ |
denotes |
high |
T31713 |
49988-49991 |
NN |
denotes |
fat |
T31714 |
49987-49988 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T31715 |
49996-49997 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T31716 |
49997-50158 |
sentence |
denotes |
These findings are surprising, given the results of several recent studies demonstrating reduced expression of PGC-1α in human diabetic skeletal muscle [24,34]. |
T31717 |
49998-50003 |
DT |
denotes |
These |
T31718 |
50004-50012 |
NNS |
denotes |
findings |
T31719 |
50013-50016 |
VBP |
denotes |
are |
T31720 |
50017-50027 |
JJ |
denotes |
surprising |
T31721 |
50027-50029 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T31722 |
50029-50034 |
VBN |
denotes |
given |
T31723 |
50035-50038 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T31724 |
50039-50046 |
NNS |
denotes |
results |
T31725 |
50047-50049 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T31726 |
50050-50057 |
JJ |
denotes |
several |
T31727 |
50065-50072 |
NNS |
denotes |
studies |
T31728 |
50058-50064 |
JJ |
denotes |
recent |
T31729 |
50073-50086 |
VBG |
denotes |
demonstrating |
T31730 |
50087-50094 |
VBN |
denotes |
reduced |
T31731 |
50095-50105 |
NN |
denotes |
expression |
T31732 |
50106-50108 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T31733 |
50109-50112 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T31734 |
50113-50115 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T31735 |
50112-50113 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T31736 |
50116-50118 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T31737 |
50119-50124 |
JJ |
denotes |
human |
T31738 |
50143-50149 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T31739 |
50125-50133 |
JJ |
denotes |
diabetic |
T31740 |
50134-50142 |
JJ |
denotes |
skeletal |
T31741 |
50150-50151 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T31742 |
50154-50156 |
CD |
denotes |
34 |
T31743 |
50151-50153 |
CD |
denotes |
24 |
T31744 |
50153-50154 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T31745 |
50156-50157 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T31746 |
50157-50158 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T31747 |
50158-50316 |
sentence |
denotes |
It is certainly possible that compensatory metabolic regulatory mechanisms have been activated in the PGC-1α-deficient mice, accounting for this observation. |
T31748 |
50159-50161 |
PRP |
denotes |
It |
T31749 |
50162-50164 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T31750 |
50165-50174 |
RB |
denotes |
certainly |
T31751 |
50175-50183 |
JJ |
denotes |
possible |
T31752 |
50184-50188 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T31753 |
50244-50253 |
VBN |
denotes |
activated |
T31754 |
50189-50201 |
JJ |
denotes |
compensatory |
T31755 |
50223-50233 |
NNS |
denotes |
mechanisms |
T31756 |
50202-50211 |
JJ |
denotes |
metabolic |
T31757 |
50212-50222 |
JJ |
denotes |
regulatory |
T31758 |
50234-50238 |
VBP |
denotes |
have |
T31759 |
50239-50243 |
VBN |
denotes |
been |
T31760 |
50254-50256 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T31761 |
50257-50260 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T31762 |
50278-50282 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T31763 |
50261-50264 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T31764 |
50265-50267 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T31765 |
50264-50265 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T31766 |
50268-50277 |
JJ |
denotes |
deficient |
T31767 |
50267-50268 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T31768 |
50282-50284 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T31769 |
50284-50294 |
VBG |
denotes |
accounting |
T31770 |
50295-50298 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T31771 |
50299-50303 |
DT |
denotes |
this |
T31772 |
50304-50315 |
NN |
denotes |
observation |
T31773 |
50315-50316 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T31774 |
50316-50424 |
sentence |
denotes |
Alternatively, PGC-1α could serve as a coactivator of factors that mediate diet-induced insulin resistance. |
T31775 |
50317-50330 |
RB |
denotes |
Alternatively |
T31776 |
50345-50350 |
VB |
denotes |
serve |
T31777 |
50330-50332 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T31778 |
50332-50335 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T31779 |
50336-50338 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T31780 |
50335-50336 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T31781 |
50339-50344 |
MD |
denotes |
could |
T31782 |
50351-50353 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T31783 |
50354-50355 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T31784 |
50356-50367 |
NN |
denotes |
coactivator |
T31785 |
50368-50370 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T31786 |
50371-50378 |
NNS |
denotes |
factors |
T31787 |
50379-50383 |
WDT |
denotes |
that |
T31788 |
50384-50391 |
VBP |
denotes |
mediate |
T31789 |
50392-50396 |
NN |
denotes |
diet |
T31790 |
50397-50404 |
VBN |
denotes |
induced |
T31791 |
50396-50397 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T31792 |
50413-50423 |
NN |
denotes |
resistance |
T31793 |
50405-50412 |
NN |
denotes |
insulin |
T31794 |
50423-50424 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T31795 |
50424-50586 |
sentence |
denotes |
Consistent with this notion, we and others have shown that mice lacking the PGC-1α target PPAR exhibit resistance to diet-induced glucose intolerance [21,35,36]. |
T31796 |
50425-50435 |
JJ |
denotes |
Consistent |
T31797 |
50473-50478 |
VBN |
denotes |
shown |
T31798 |
50436-50440 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T31799 |
50441-50445 |
DT |
denotes |
this |
T31800 |
50446-50452 |
NN |
denotes |
notion |
T31801 |
50452-50454 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T31802 |
50454-50456 |
PRP |
denotes |
we |
T31803 |
50457-50460 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T31804 |
50461-50467 |
NNS |
denotes |
others |
T31805 |
50468-50472 |
VBP |
denotes |
have |
T31806 |
50479-50483 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T31807 |
50520-50527 |
VBP |
denotes |
exhibit |
T31808 |
50484-50488 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T31809 |
50489-50496 |
VBG |
denotes |
lacking |
T31810 |
50497-50500 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T31811 |
50508-50514 |
NN |
denotes |
target |
T31812 |
50501-50504 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T31813 |
50505-50507 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T31814 |
50504-50505 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T31815 |
50515-50519 |
NN |
denotes |
PPAR |
T31816 |
50528-50538 |
NN |
denotes |
resistance |
T31817 |
50539-50541 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T31818 |
50542-50546 |
NN |
denotes |
diet |
T31819 |
50547-50554 |
VBN |
denotes |
induced |
T31820 |
50546-50547 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T31821 |
50563-50574 |
NN |
denotes |
intolerance |
T31822 |
50555-50562 |
NN |
denotes |
glucose |
T31823 |
50575-50576 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T31824 |
50582-50584 |
CD |
denotes |
36 |
T31825 |
50576-50578 |
CD |
denotes |
21 |
T31826 |
50578-50579 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T31827 |
50579-50581 |
CD |
denotes |
35 |
T31828 |
50581-50582 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T31829 |
50584-50585 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T31830 |
50585-50586 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T31831 |
50586-50697 |
sentence |
denotes |
Histologic surveys of the PGC-1α−/− mice revealed ultrastructural abnormalities in the central nervous system. |
T31832 |
50587-50597 |
JJ |
denotes |
Histologic |
T31833 |
50598-50605 |
NNS |
denotes |
surveys |
T31834 |
50628-50636 |
VBD |
denotes |
revealed |
T31835 |
50606-50608 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T31836 |
50609-50612 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T31837 |
50623-50627 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T31838 |
50613-50616 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T31839 |
50617-50619 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T31840 |
50616-50617 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T31841 |
50619-50620 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T31842 |
50620-50621 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T31843 |
50621-50622 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T31844 |
50637-50652 |
JJ |
denotes |
ultrastructural |
T31845 |
50653-50666 |
NNS |
denotes |
abnormalities |
T31846 |
50667-50669 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T31847 |
50670-50673 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T31848 |
50690-50696 |
NN |
denotes |
system |
T31849 |
50674-50681 |
JJ |
denotes |
central |
T31850 |
50682-50689 |
JJ |
denotes |
nervous |
T31851 |
50696-50697 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T31852 |
50697-50935 |
sentence |
denotes |
Inspection of sections prepared from the brains of PGC-1α−/− mice revealed patchy areas of microvacuolation in the pyramidal neurons of the cerebral cortex, accompanied by a mild increase in the number of astrocytes in the basal ganglia. |
T31853 |
50698-50708 |
NN |
denotes |
Inspection |
T31854 |
50764-50772 |
VBD |
denotes |
revealed |
T31855 |
50709-50711 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T31856 |
50712-50720 |
NNS |
denotes |
sections |
T31857 |
50721-50729 |
VBN |
denotes |
prepared |
T31858 |
50730-50734 |
IN |
denotes |
from |
T31859 |
50735-50738 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T31860 |
50739-50745 |
NNS |
denotes |
brains |
T31861 |
50746-50748 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T31862 |
50749-50752 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T31863 |
50753-50755 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T31864 |
50752-50753 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T31865 |
50759-50763 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T31866 |
50755-50756 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T31867 |
50756-50757 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T31868 |
50757-50758 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T31869 |
50773-50779 |
JJ |
denotes |
patchy |
T31870 |
50780-50785 |
NNS |
denotes |
areas |
T31871 |
50786-50788 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T31872 |
50789-50805 |
NN |
denotes |
microvacuolation |
T31873 |
50806-50808 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T31874 |
50809-50812 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T31875 |
50823-50830 |
NNS |
denotes |
neurons |
T31876 |
50813-50822 |
JJ |
denotes |
pyramidal |
T31877 |
50831-50833 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T31878 |
50834-50837 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T31879 |
50847-50853 |
NN |
denotes |
cortex |
T31880 |
50838-50846 |
JJ |
denotes |
cerebral |
T31881 |
50853-50855 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T31882 |
50855-50866 |
VBN |
denotes |
accompanied |
T31883 |
50867-50869 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T31884 |
50870-50871 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T31885 |
50877-50885 |
NN |
denotes |
increase |
T31886 |
50872-50876 |
JJ |
denotes |
mild |
T31887 |
50886-50888 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T31888 |
50889-50892 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T31889 |
50893-50899 |
NN |
denotes |
number |
T31890 |
50900-50902 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T31891 |
50903-50913 |
NNS |
denotes |
astrocytes |
T31892 |
50914-50916 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T31893 |
50917-50920 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T31894 |
50927-50934 |
NNS |
denotes |
ganglia |
T31895 |
50921-50926 |
JJ |
denotes |
basal |
T31896 |
50934-50935 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T31897 |
50935-51013 |
sentence |
denotes |
The basis for this interesting but relatively nonspecific finding is unknown. |
T31898 |
50936-50939 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T31899 |
50940-50945 |
NN |
denotes |
basis |
T31900 |
51002-51004 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T31901 |
50946-50949 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T31902 |
50950-50954 |
DT |
denotes |
this |
T31903 |
50994-51001 |
NN |
denotes |
finding |
T31904 |
50955-50966 |
JJ |
denotes |
interesting |
T31905 |
50967-50970 |
CC |
denotes |
but |
T31906 |
50971-50981 |
RB |
denotes |
relatively |
T31907 |
50982-50993 |
JJ |
denotes |
nonspecific |
T31908 |
51005-51012 |
JJ |
denotes |
unknown |
T31909 |
51012-51013 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T31910 |
51013-51115 |
sentence |
denotes |
It is possible that PGC-1α plays an important role in lipid metabolism related to membrane synthesis. |
T31911 |
51014-51016 |
PRP |
denotes |
It |
T31912 |
51017-51019 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T31913 |
51020-51028 |
JJ |
denotes |
possible |
T31914 |
51029-51033 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T31915 |
51041-51046 |
VBZ |
denotes |
plays |
T31916 |
51034-51037 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T31917 |
51038-51040 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T31918 |
51037-51038 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T31919 |
51047-51049 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T31920 |
51060-51064 |
NN |
denotes |
role |
T31921 |
51050-51059 |
JJ |
denotes |
important |
T31922 |
51065-51067 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T31923 |
51068-51073 |
NN |
denotes |
lipid |
T31924 |
51074-51084 |
NN |
denotes |
metabolism |
T31925 |
51085-51092 |
VBN |
denotes |
related |
T31926 |
51093-51095 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T31927 |
51096-51104 |
NN |
denotes |
membrane |
T31928 |
51105-51114 |
NN |
denotes |
synthesis |
T31929 |
51114-51115 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T31930 |
51115-51287 |
sentence |
denotes |
Alternatively, the normal process of cellular debris turnover could be altered due to a defect in the energetics of the microglial component of the central nervous system. |
T31931 |
51116-51129 |
RB |
denotes |
Alternatively |
T31932 |
51187-51194 |
VBN |
denotes |
altered |
T31933 |
51129-51131 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T31934 |
51131-51134 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T31935 |
51142-51149 |
NN |
denotes |
process |
T31936 |
51135-51141 |
JJ |
denotes |
normal |
T31937 |
51150-51152 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T31938 |
51153-51161 |
JJ |
denotes |
cellular |
T31939 |
51162-51168 |
NN |
denotes |
debris |
T31940 |
51169-51177 |
NN |
denotes |
turnover |
T31941 |
51178-51183 |
MD |
denotes |
could |
T31942 |
51184-51186 |
VB |
denotes |
be |
T31943 |
51195-51198 |
IN |
denotes |
due |
T31944 |
51199-51201 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T31945 |
51202-51203 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T31946 |
51204-51210 |
NN |
denotes |
defect |
T31947 |
51211-51213 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T31948 |
51214-51217 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T31949 |
51218-51228 |
NNS |
denotes |
energetics |
T31950 |
51229-51231 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T31951 |
51232-51235 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T31952 |
51247-51256 |
NN |
denotes |
component |
T31953 |
51236-51246 |
JJ |
denotes |
microglial |
T31954 |
51257-51259 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T31955 |
51260-51263 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T31956 |
51280-51286 |
NN |
denotes |
system |
T31957 |
51264-51271 |
JJ |
denotes |
central |
T31958 |
51272-51279 |
JJ |
denotes |
nervous |
T31959 |
51286-51287 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T31960 |
51287-51529 |
sentence |
denotes |
Although overt neurologic dysfunction was not apparent in PGC-1α−/− mice during the first 6 mo of life (no group differences were found on five of six sensorimotor tests), the PGC-1α−/− mice showed clear deficits on the inverted screen test. |
T31961 |
51288-51296 |
IN |
denotes |
Although |
T31962 |
51326-51329 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T31963 |
51297-51302 |
JJ |
denotes |
overt |
T31964 |
51314-51325 |
NN |
denotes |
dysfunction |
T31965 |
51303-51313 |
JJ |
denotes |
neurologic |
T31966 |
51479-51485 |
VBD |
denotes |
showed |
T31967 |
51330-51333 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T31968 |
51334-51342 |
JJ |
denotes |
apparent |
T31969 |
51343-51345 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T31970 |
51346-51349 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T31971 |
51350-51352 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T31972 |
51349-51350 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T31973 |
51356-51360 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T31974 |
51352-51353 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T31975 |
51353-51354 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T31976 |
51354-51355 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T31977 |
51361-51367 |
IN |
denotes |
during |
T31978 |
51368-51371 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T31979 |
51380-51382 |
NN |
denotes |
mo |
T31980 |
51372-51377 |
JJ |
denotes |
first |
T31981 |
51378-51379 |
CD |
denotes |
6 |
T31982 |
51383-51385 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T31983 |
51386-51390 |
NN |
denotes |
life |
T31984 |
51391-51392 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T31985 |
51418-51423 |
VBN |
denotes |
found |
T31986 |
51392-51394 |
DT |
denotes |
no |
T31987 |
51401-51412 |
NNS |
denotes |
differences |
T31988 |
51395-51400 |
NN |
denotes |
group |
T31989 |
51413-51417 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T31990 |
51424-51426 |
IN |
denotes |
on |
T31991 |
51427-51431 |
CD |
denotes |
five |
T31992 |
51435-51438 |
CD |
denotes |
six |
T31993 |
51432-51434 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T31994 |
51452-51457 |
NNS |
denotes |
tests |
T31995 |
51439-51451 |
NN |
denotes |
sensorimotor |
T31996 |
51457-51458 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T31997 |
51458-51460 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T31998 |
51460-51463 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T31999 |
51474-51478 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T32000 |
51464-51467 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T32001 |
51468-51470 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T32002 |
51467-51468 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T32003 |
51470-51471 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T32004 |
51471-51472 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T32005 |
51472-51473 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T32006 |
51486-51491 |
JJ |
denotes |
clear |
T32007 |
51492-51500 |
NNS |
denotes |
deficits |
T32008 |
51501-51503 |
IN |
denotes |
on |
T32009 |
51504-51507 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T32010 |
51524-51528 |
NN |
denotes |
test |
T32011 |
51508-51516 |
VBN |
denotes |
inverted |
T32012 |
51517-51523 |
NN |
denotes |
screen |
T32013 |
51528-51529 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T32014 |
51529-51714 |
sentence |
denotes |
These deficits are likely due to impaired muscle strength in the PGC-1α−/− mice, but contributions by peripheral or central nervous system determinants (or both) could be contributory. |
T32015 |
51530-51535 |
DT |
denotes |
These |
T32016 |
51536-51544 |
NNS |
denotes |
deficits |
T32017 |
51545-51548 |
VBP |
denotes |
are |
T32018 |
51549-51555 |
RB |
denotes |
likely |
T32019 |
51556-51559 |
IN |
denotes |
due |
T32020 |
51560-51562 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T32021 |
51563-51571 |
VBN |
denotes |
impaired |
T32022 |
51579-51587 |
NN |
denotes |
strength |
T32023 |
51572-51578 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T32024 |
51588-51590 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T32025 |
51591-51594 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T32026 |
51605-51609 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T32027 |
51595-51598 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T32028 |
51599-51601 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T32029 |
51598-51599 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T32030 |
51601-51602 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T32031 |
51602-51603 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T32032 |
51603-51604 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T32033 |
51609-51611 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T32034 |
51611-51614 |
CC |
denotes |
but |
T32035 |
51615-51628 |
NNS |
denotes |
contributions |
T32036 |
51698-51700 |
VB |
denotes |
be |
T32037 |
51629-51631 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T32038 |
51632-51642 |
JJ |
denotes |
peripheral |
T32039 |
51662-51668 |
NN |
denotes |
system |
T32040 |
51643-51645 |
CC |
denotes |
or |
T32041 |
51646-51653 |
JJ |
denotes |
central |
T32042 |
51654-51661 |
JJ |
denotes |
nervous |
T32043 |
51669-51681 |
NNS |
denotes |
determinants |
T32044 |
51682-51683 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T32045 |
51683-51685 |
CC |
denotes |
or |
T32046 |
51686-51690 |
DT |
denotes |
both |
T32047 |
51690-51691 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T32048 |
51692-51697 |
MD |
denotes |
could |
T32049 |
51701-51713 |
JJ |
denotes |
contributory |
T32050 |
51713-51714 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T32051 |
51714-51869 |
sentence |
denotes |
Moreover, evidence of altered emotionality from the 1-h locomotor activity test also suggests the possibility of altered brain function in PGC-1α−/− mice. |
T32052 |
51715-51723 |
RB |
denotes |
Moreover |
T32053 |
51800-51808 |
VBZ |
denotes |
suggests |
T32054 |
51723-51725 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T32055 |
51725-51733 |
NN |
denotes |
evidence |
T32056 |
51734-51736 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T32057 |
51737-51744 |
JJ |
denotes |
altered |
T32058 |
51745-51757 |
NN |
denotes |
emotionality |
T32059 |
51758-51762 |
IN |
denotes |
from |
T32060 |
51763-51766 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T32061 |
51790-51794 |
NN |
denotes |
test |
T32062 |
51767-51768 |
CD |
denotes |
1 |
T32063 |
51769-51770 |
NN |
denotes |
h |
T32064 |
51768-51769 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T32065 |
51771-51780 |
NN |
denotes |
locomotor |
T32066 |
51781-51789 |
NN |
denotes |
activity |
T32067 |
51795-51799 |
RB |
denotes |
also |
T32068 |
51809-51812 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T32069 |
51813-51824 |
NN |
denotes |
possibility |
T32070 |
51825-51827 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T32071 |
51828-51835 |
JJ |
denotes |
altered |
T32072 |
51842-51850 |
NN |
denotes |
function |
T32073 |
51836-51841 |
NN |
denotes |
brain |
T32074 |
51851-51853 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T32075 |
51854-51857 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T32076 |
51858-51860 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T32077 |
51857-51858 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T32078 |
51864-51868 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T32079 |
51860-51861 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T32080 |
51861-51862 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T32081 |
51862-51863 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T32082 |
51868-51869 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T32083 |
51869-52018 |
sentence |
denotes |
It will be of interest to determine whether the neurologic abnormalities contribute to the systemic metabolic abnormalities of the PGC-1α null mice. |
T32084 |
51870-51872 |
PRP |
denotes |
It |
T32085 |
51878-51880 |
VB |
denotes |
be |
T32086 |
51873-51877 |
MD |
denotes |
will |
T32087 |
51881-51883 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T32088 |
51884-51892 |
NN |
denotes |
interest |
T32089 |
51893-51895 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T32090 |
51896-51905 |
VB |
denotes |
determine |
T32091 |
51906-51913 |
IN |
denotes |
whether |
T32092 |
51943-51953 |
VBP |
denotes |
contribute |
T32093 |
51914-51917 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T32094 |
51929-51942 |
NNS |
denotes |
abnormalities |
T32095 |
51918-51928 |
JJ |
denotes |
neurologic |
T32096 |
51954-51956 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T32097 |
51957-51960 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T32098 |
51980-51993 |
NNS |
denotes |
abnormalities |
T32099 |
51961-51969 |
JJ |
denotes |
systemic |
T32100 |
51970-51979 |
JJ |
denotes |
metabolic |
T32101 |
51994-51996 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T32102 |
51997-52000 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T32103 |
52013-52017 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T32104 |
52001-52004 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T32105 |
52005-52007 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T32106 |
52004-52005 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T32107 |
52008-52012 |
JJ |
denotes |
null |
T32108 |
52017-52018 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T32109 |
52018-52151 |
sentence |
denotes |
During the preparation of this manuscript, Lin et al. reported an independent mouse line in which the PGC-1α gene was targeted [37]. |
T32110 |
52019-52025 |
IN |
denotes |
During |
T32111 |
52073-52081 |
VBD |
denotes |
reported |
T32112 |
52026-52029 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T32113 |
52030-52041 |
NN |
denotes |
preparation |
T32114 |
52042-52044 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T32115 |
52045-52049 |
DT |
denotes |
this |
T32116 |
52050-52060 |
NN |
denotes |
manuscript |
T32117 |
52060-52062 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T32118 |
52062-52065 |
NNP |
denotes |
Lin |
T32119 |
52066-52068 |
FW |
denotes |
et |
T32120 |
52069-52072 |
FW |
denotes |
al. |
T32121 |
52082-52084 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T32122 |
52103-52107 |
NN |
denotes |
line |
T32123 |
52085-52096 |
JJ |
denotes |
independent |
T32124 |
52097-52102 |
NN |
denotes |
mouse |
T32125 |
52108-52110 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T32126 |
52137-52145 |
VBN |
denotes |
targeted |
T32127 |
52111-52116 |
WDT |
denotes |
which |
T32128 |
52117-52120 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T32129 |
52128-52132 |
NN |
denotes |
gene |
T32130 |
52121-52124 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T32131 |
52125-52127 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T32132 |
52124-52125 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T32133 |
52133-52136 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T32134 |
52146-52147 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T32135 |
52147-52149 |
CD |
denotes |
37 |
T32136 |
52149-52150 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T32137 |
52150-52151 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T32138 |
52151-52300 |
sentence |
denotes |
Phenotypic comparison of the our PGC-1α-deficient line with that of Lin et al. reveals a number of similarities and several interesting differences. |
T32139 |
52152-52162 |
JJ |
denotes |
Phenotypic |
T32140 |
52163-52173 |
NN |
denotes |
comparison |
T32141 |
52231-52238 |
VBZ |
denotes |
reveals |
T32142 |
52174-52176 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T32143 |
52177-52180 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T32144 |
52181-52184 |
PRP$ |
denotes |
our |
T32145 |
52202-52206 |
NN |
denotes |
line |
T32146 |
52185-52188 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T32147 |
52189-52191 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T32148 |
52188-52189 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T32149 |
52192-52201 |
JJ |
denotes |
deficient |
T32150 |
52191-52192 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T32151 |
52207-52211 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T32152 |
52212-52216 |
DT |
denotes |
that |
T32153 |
52217-52219 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T32154 |
52220-52223 |
NNP |
denotes |
Lin |
T32155 |
52224-52226 |
FW |
denotes |
et |
T32156 |
52227-52230 |
FW |
denotes |
al. |
T32157 |
52239-52240 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T32158 |
52241-52247 |
NN |
denotes |
number |
T32159 |
52248-52250 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T32160 |
52251-52263 |
NNS |
denotes |
similarities |
T32161 |
52264-52267 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T32162 |
52268-52275 |
JJ |
denotes |
several |
T32163 |
52288-52299 |
NNS |
denotes |
differences |
T32164 |
52276-52287 |
JJ |
denotes |
interesting |
T32165 |
52299-52300 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T32166 |
52300-52416 |
sentence |
denotes |
Both PGC-1α-deficient lines exhibit cold intolerance, reduced hepatocyte respiration rates, and neurologic lesions. |
T32167 |
52301-52305 |
DT |
denotes |
Both |
T32168 |
52323-52328 |
NNS |
denotes |
lines |
T32169 |
52306-52309 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T32170 |
52310-52312 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T32171 |
52309-52310 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T32172 |
52313-52322 |
JJ |
denotes |
deficient |
T32173 |
52312-52313 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T32174 |
52329-52336 |
VBP |
denotes |
exhibit |
T32175 |
52337-52341 |
NN |
denotes |
cold |
T32176 |
52342-52353 |
NN |
denotes |
intolerance |
T32177 |
52353-52355 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T32178 |
52355-52362 |
VBN |
denotes |
reduced |
T32179 |
52386-52391 |
NNS |
denotes |
rates |
T32180 |
52363-52373 |
NN |
denotes |
hepatocyte |
T32181 |
52374-52385 |
NN |
denotes |
respiration |
T32182 |
52391-52393 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T32183 |
52393-52396 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T32184 |
52397-52407 |
JJ |
denotes |
neurologic |
T32185 |
52408-52415 |
NNS |
denotes |
lesions |
T32186 |
52415-52416 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T32187 |
52416-52474 |
sentence |
denotes |
However, a number of interesting differences are notable. |
T32188 |
52417-52424 |
RB |
denotes |
However |
T32189 |
52462-52465 |
VBP |
denotes |
are |
T32190 |
52424-52426 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T32191 |
52426-52427 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T32192 |
52428-52434 |
NN |
denotes |
number |
T32193 |
52435-52437 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T32194 |
52438-52449 |
JJ |
denotes |
interesting |
T32195 |
52450-52461 |
NNS |
denotes |
differences |
T32196 |
52466-52473 |
JJ |
denotes |
notable |
T32197 |
52473-52474 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T32198 |
52474-52582 |
sentence |
denotes |
First, in contrast to Lin et al., the PGC-1α−/− mice described here do not exhibit any postnatal mortality. |
T32199 |
52475-52480 |
RB |
denotes |
First |
T32200 |
52550-52557 |
VB |
denotes |
exhibit |
T32201 |
52480-52482 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T32202 |
52482-52484 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T32203 |
52485-52493 |
NN |
denotes |
contrast |
T32204 |
52494-52496 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T32205 |
52497-52500 |
NNP |
denotes |
Lin |
T32206 |
52501-52503 |
FW |
denotes |
et |
T32207 |
52504-52507 |
FW |
denotes |
al. |
T32208 |
52507-52509 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T32209 |
52509-52512 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T32210 |
52523-52527 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T32211 |
52513-52516 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T32212 |
52517-52519 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T32213 |
52516-52517 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T32214 |
52519-52520 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T32215 |
52520-52521 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T32216 |
52521-52522 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T32217 |
52528-52537 |
VBN |
denotes |
described |
T32218 |
52538-52542 |
RB |
denotes |
here |
T32219 |
52543-52545 |
VBP |
denotes |
do |
T32220 |
52546-52549 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T32221 |
52558-52561 |
DT |
denotes |
any |
T32222 |
52572-52581 |
NN |
denotes |
mortality |
T32223 |
52562-52571 |
JJ |
denotes |
postnatal |
T32224 |
52581-52582 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T32225 |
52582-52705 |
sentence |
denotes |
Second, we did not find evidence for a defect in gluconeogenesis based on fasting blood glucose levels (unpublished data). |
T32226 |
52583-52589 |
RB |
denotes |
Second |
T32227 |
52602-52606 |
VB |
denotes |
find |
T32228 |
52589-52591 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T32229 |
52591-52593 |
PRP |
denotes |
we |
T32230 |
52594-52597 |
VBD |
denotes |
did |
T32231 |
52598-52601 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T32232 |
52607-52615 |
NN |
denotes |
evidence |
T32233 |
52616-52619 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T32234 |
52620-52621 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T32235 |
52622-52628 |
NN |
denotes |
defect |
T32236 |
52629-52631 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T32237 |
52632-52647 |
NN |
denotes |
gluconeogenesis |
T32238 |
52648-52653 |
VBN |
denotes |
based |
T32239 |
52654-52656 |
IN |
denotes |
on |
T32240 |
52657-52664 |
NN |
denotes |
fasting |
T32241 |
52679-52685 |
NNS |
denotes |
levels |
T32242 |
52665-52670 |
NN |
denotes |
blood |
T32243 |
52671-52678 |
NN |
denotes |
glucose |
T32244 |
52686-52687 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T32245 |
52699-52703 |
NNS |
denotes |
data |
T32246 |
52687-52698 |
JJ |
denotes |
unpublished |
T32247 |
52703-52704 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T32248 |
52704-52705 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T32249 |
52705-52997 |
sentence |
denotes |
In addition, whereas Lin et al. found an abnormal expression profile for CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein β and δ and the gluconeogenic genes encoding phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and glucose-6-phosphatase at baseline and with fasting in the PGC-1α−/− mice, we did not (unpublished data). |
T32250 |
52706-52708 |
IN |
denotes |
In |
T32251 |
52970-52973 |
VBD |
denotes |
did |
T32252 |
52709-52717 |
NN |
denotes |
addition |
T32253 |
52717-52719 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T32254 |
52719-52726 |
IN |
denotes |
whereas |
T32255 |
52738-52743 |
VBD |
denotes |
found |
T32256 |
52727-52730 |
NNP |
denotes |
Lin |
T32257 |
52731-52733 |
FW |
denotes |
et |
T32258 |
52734-52737 |
FW |
denotes |
al. |
T32259 |
52744-52746 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T32260 |
52767-52774 |
NN |
denotes |
profile |
T32261 |
52747-52755 |
JJ |
denotes |
abnormal |
T32262 |
52756-52766 |
NN |
denotes |
expression |
T32263 |
52775-52778 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T32264 |
52779-52784 |
NN |
denotes |
CCAAT |
T32265 |
52785-52793 |
NN |
denotes |
enhancer |
T32266 |
52784-52785 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T32267 |
52794-52801 |
VBG |
denotes |
binding |
T32268 |
52793-52794 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T32269 |
52810-52811 |
NN |
denotes |
β |
T32270 |
52802-52809 |
NN |
denotes |
protein |
T32271 |
52812-52815 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T32272 |
52816-52817 |
NN |
denotes |
δ |
T32273 |
52818-52821 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T32274 |
52822-52825 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T32275 |
52840-52845 |
NNS |
denotes |
genes |
T32276 |
52826-52839 |
JJ |
denotes |
gluconeogenic |
T32277 |
52846-52854 |
VBG |
denotes |
encoding |
T32278 |
52855-52874 |
NN |
denotes |
phosphoenolpyruvate |
T32279 |
52875-52888 |
NN |
denotes |
carboxykinase |
T32280 |
52889-52892 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T32281 |
52893-52900 |
NN |
denotes |
glucose |
T32282 |
52903-52914 |
NN |
denotes |
phosphatase |
T32283 |
52900-52901 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T32284 |
52901-52902 |
CD |
denotes |
6 |
T32285 |
52902-52903 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T32286 |
52915-52917 |
IN |
denotes |
at |
T32287 |
52918-52926 |
NN |
denotes |
baseline |
T32288 |
52927-52930 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T32289 |
52931-52935 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T32290 |
52936-52943 |
NN |
denotes |
fasting |
T32291 |
52944-52946 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T32292 |
52947-52950 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T32293 |
52961-52965 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T32294 |
52951-52954 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T32295 |
52955-52957 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T32296 |
52954-52955 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T32297 |
52957-52958 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T32298 |
52958-52959 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T32299 |
52959-52960 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T32300 |
52965-52967 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T32301 |
52967-52969 |
PRP |
denotes |
we |
T32302 |
52974-52977 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T32303 |
52978-52979 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T32304 |
52991-52995 |
NNS |
denotes |
data |
T32305 |
52979-52990 |
JJ |
denotes |
unpublished |
T32306 |
52995-52996 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T32307 |
52996-52997 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T32308 |
52997-53215 |
sentence |
denotes |
Third, we found evidence for an age-related increase in body fat in PGC-1α−/− mice (females earlier than males), whereas Lin et al. identified a male-specific resistance to diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance. |
T32309 |
52998-53003 |
RB |
denotes |
Third |
T32310 |
53008-53013 |
VBD |
denotes |
found |
T32311 |
53003-53005 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T32312 |
53005-53007 |
PRP |
denotes |
we |
T32313 |
53014-53022 |
NN |
denotes |
evidence |
T32314 |
53023-53026 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T32315 |
53027-53029 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T32316 |
53042-53050 |
NN |
denotes |
increase |
T32317 |
53030-53033 |
NN |
denotes |
age |
T32318 |
53034-53041 |
VBN |
denotes |
related |
T32319 |
53033-53034 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T32320 |
53051-53053 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T32321 |
53054-53058 |
NN |
denotes |
body |
T32322 |
53059-53062 |
NN |
denotes |
fat |
T32323 |
53063-53065 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T32324 |
53066-53069 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T32325 |
53070-53072 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T32326 |
53069-53070 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T32327 |
53076-53080 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T32328 |
53072-53073 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T32329 |
53073-53074 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T32330 |
53074-53075 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T32331 |
53081-53082 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T32332 |
53082-53089 |
NNS |
denotes |
females |
T32333 |
53090-53097 |
RBR |
denotes |
earlier |
T32334 |
53098-53102 |
IN |
denotes |
than |
T32335 |
53103-53108 |
NNS |
denotes |
males |
T32336 |
53108-53109 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T32337 |
53109-53111 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T32338 |
53111-53118 |
IN |
denotes |
whereas |
T32339 |
53130-53140 |
VBD |
denotes |
identified |
T32340 |
53119-53122 |
NNP |
denotes |
Lin |
T32341 |
53123-53125 |
FW |
denotes |
et |
T32342 |
53126-53129 |
FW |
denotes |
al. |
T32343 |
53141-53142 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T32344 |
53157-53167 |
NN |
denotes |
resistance |
T32345 |
53143-53147 |
NN |
denotes |
male |
T32346 |
53148-53156 |
JJ |
denotes |
specific |
T32347 |
53147-53148 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T32348 |
53168-53170 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T32349 |
53171-53175 |
NN |
denotes |
diet |
T32350 |
53176-53183 |
VBN |
denotes |
induced |
T32351 |
53175-53176 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T32352 |
53184-53191 |
NN |
denotes |
obesity |
T32353 |
53192-53195 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T32354 |
53196-53203 |
NN |
denotes |
insulin |
T32355 |
53204-53214 |
NN |
denotes |
resistance |
T32356 |
53214-53215 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T32357 |
53215-53331 |
sentence |
denotes |
We have also found that male PGC-1α-deficient mice are somewhat protected against diet-induced obesity (Figure S4). |
T32358 |
53216-53218 |
PRP |
denotes |
We |
T32359 |
53229-53234 |
VBN |
denotes |
found |
T32360 |
53219-53223 |
VBP |
denotes |
have |
T32361 |
53224-53228 |
RB |
denotes |
also |
T32362 |
53235-53239 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T32363 |
53280-53289 |
VBN |
denotes |
protected |
T32364 |
53240-53244 |
JJ |
denotes |
male |
T32365 |
53262-53266 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T32366 |
53245-53248 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T32367 |
53249-53251 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T32368 |
53248-53249 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T32369 |
53252-53261 |
JJ |
denotes |
deficient |
T32370 |
53251-53252 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T32371 |
53267-53270 |
VBP |
denotes |
are |
T32372 |
53271-53279 |
RB |
denotes |
somewhat |
T32373 |
53290-53297 |
IN |
denotes |
against |
T32374 |
53298-53302 |
NN |
denotes |
diet |
T32375 |
53303-53310 |
VBN |
denotes |
induced |
T32376 |
53302-53303 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T32377 |
53311-53318 |
NN |
denotes |
obesity |
T32378 |
53319-53320 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T32379 |
53327-53329 |
NN |
denotes |
S4 |
T32380 |
53320-53326 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T32381 |
53329-53330 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T32382 |
53330-53331 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T32383 |
53331-53484 |
sentence |
denotes |
However, we observed that the insulin-sensitive phenotype of the female PGC-1α−/− mice occurred in the context of normal weight gain with high-fat diet. |
T32384 |
53332-53339 |
RB |
denotes |
However |
T32385 |
53344-53352 |
VBD |
denotes |
observed |
T32386 |
53339-53341 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T32387 |
53341-53343 |
PRP |
denotes |
we |
T32388 |
53353-53357 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T32389 |
53419-53427 |
VBD |
denotes |
occurred |
T32390 |
53358-53361 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T32391 |
53380-53389 |
NN |
denotes |
phenotype |
T32392 |
53362-53369 |
NN |
denotes |
insulin |
T32393 |
53370-53379 |
JJ |
denotes |
sensitive |
T32394 |
53369-53370 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T32395 |
53390-53392 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T32396 |
53393-53396 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T32397 |
53414-53418 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T32398 |
53397-53403 |
JJ |
denotes |
female |
T32399 |
53404-53407 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T32400 |
53408-53410 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T32401 |
53407-53408 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T32402 |
53410-53411 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T32403 |
53411-53412 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T32404 |
53412-53413 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T32405 |
53428-53430 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T32406 |
53431-53434 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T32407 |
53435-53442 |
NN |
denotes |
context |
T32408 |
53443-53445 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T32409 |
53446-53452 |
JJ |
denotes |
normal |
T32410 |
53460-53464 |
NN |
denotes |
gain |
T32411 |
53453-53459 |
NN |
denotes |
weight |
T32412 |
53465-53469 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T32413 |
53470-53474 |
JJ |
denotes |
high |
T32414 |
53475-53478 |
NN |
denotes |
fat |
T32415 |
53474-53475 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T32416 |
53479-53483 |
NN |
denotes |
diet |
T32417 |
53483-53484 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T32418 |
53484-53616 |
sentence |
denotes |
These latter results indicate that the insulin-sensitive phenotype of PGC-1α−/− mice cannot be fully explained by a lean phenotype. |
T32419 |
53485-53490 |
DT |
denotes |
These |
T32420 |
53498-53505 |
NNS |
denotes |
results |
T32421 |
53491-53497 |
JJ |
denotes |
latter |
T32422 |
53506-53514 |
VBP |
denotes |
indicate |
T32423 |
53515-53519 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T32424 |
53586-53595 |
VBN |
denotes |
explained |
T32425 |
53520-53523 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T32426 |
53542-53551 |
NN |
denotes |
phenotype |
T32427 |
53524-53531 |
NN |
denotes |
insulin |
T32428 |
53532-53541 |
JJ |
denotes |
sensitive |
T32429 |
53531-53532 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T32430 |
53552-53554 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T32431 |
53555-53558 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T32432 |
53559-53561 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T32433 |
53558-53559 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T32434 |
53565-53569 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T32435 |
53561-53562 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T32436 |
53562-53563 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T32437 |
53563-53564 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T32438 |
53570-53573 |
MD |
denotes |
can |
T32439 |
53573-53576 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T32440 |
53577-53579 |
VB |
denotes |
be |
T32441 |
53580-53585 |
RB |
denotes |
fully |
T32442 |
53596-53598 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T32443 |
53599-53600 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T32444 |
53606-53615 |
NN |
denotes |
phenotype |
T32445 |
53601-53605 |
JJ |
denotes |
lean |
T32446 |
53615-53616 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T32447 |
53616-53808 |
sentence |
denotes |
Of interest, mice lacking the nuclear receptor estrogen-related receptor α, a known target of PGC-1α, exhibit resistance to diet-induced obesity similar to that of male PGC-1α null mice [38]. |
T32448 |
53617-53619 |
IN |
denotes |
Of |
T32449 |
53719-53726 |
VBP |
denotes |
exhibit |
T32450 |
53620-53628 |
NN |
denotes |
interest |
T32451 |
53628-53630 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T32452 |
53630-53634 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T32453 |
53635-53642 |
VBG |
denotes |
lacking |
T32454 |
53643-53646 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T32455 |
53655-53663 |
NN |
denotes |
receptor |
T32456 |
53647-53654 |
JJ |
denotes |
nuclear |
T32457 |
53664-53672 |
NN |
denotes |
estrogen |
T32458 |
53673-53680 |
VBN |
denotes |
related |
T32459 |
53672-53673 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T32460 |
53690-53691 |
NN |
denotes |
α |
T32461 |
53681-53689 |
NN |
denotes |
receptor |
T32462 |
53691-53693 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T32463 |
53693-53694 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T32464 |
53701-53707 |
NN |
denotes |
target |
T32465 |
53695-53700 |
JJ |
denotes |
known |
T32466 |
53708-53710 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T32467 |
53711-53714 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T32468 |
53715-53717 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T32469 |
53714-53715 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T32470 |
53717-53719 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T32471 |
53727-53737 |
NN |
denotes |
resistance |
T32472 |
53738-53740 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T32473 |
53741-53745 |
NN |
denotes |
diet |
T32474 |
53746-53753 |
VBN |
denotes |
induced |
T32475 |
53745-53746 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T32476 |
53754-53761 |
NN |
denotes |
obesity |
T32477 |
53762-53769 |
JJ |
denotes |
similar |
T32478 |
53770-53772 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T32479 |
53773-53777 |
DT |
denotes |
that |
T32480 |
53778-53780 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T32481 |
53781-53785 |
JJ |
denotes |
male |
T32482 |
53798-53802 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T32483 |
53786-53789 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T32484 |
53790-53792 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T32485 |
53789-53790 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T32486 |
53793-53797 |
JJ |
denotes |
null |
T32487 |
53803-53804 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T32488 |
53804-53806 |
CD |
denotes |
38 |
T32489 |
53806-53807 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T32490 |
53807-53808 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T32491 |
53808-53953 |
sentence |
denotes |
Fourth, the PGC-1α−/− mice described here exhibit a dramatic fasting-induced hepatic steatotic phenotype, whereas the Lin et al. mouse does not. |
T32492 |
53809-53815 |
RB |
denotes |
Fourth |
T32493 |
53851-53858 |
VBP |
denotes |
exhibit |
T32494 |
53815-53817 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T32495 |
53817-53820 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T32496 |
53831-53835 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T32497 |
53821-53824 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T32498 |
53825-53827 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T32499 |
53824-53825 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T32500 |
53827-53828 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T32501 |
53828-53829 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T32502 |
53829-53830 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T32503 |
53836-53845 |
VBN |
denotes |
described |
T32504 |
53846-53850 |
RB |
denotes |
here |
T32505 |
53859-53860 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T32506 |
53904-53913 |
NN |
denotes |
phenotype |
T32507 |
53861-53869 |
JJ |
denotes |
dramatic |
T32508 |
53870-53877 |
NN |
denotes |
fasting |
T32509 |
53878-53885 |
VBN |
denotes |
induced |
T32510 |
53877-53878 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T32511 |
53886-53893 |
JJ |
denotes |
hepatic |
T32512 |
53894-53903 |
JJ |
denotes |
steatotic |
T32513 |
53913-53915 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T32514 |
53915-53922 |
IN |
denotes |
whereas |
T32515 |
53944-53948 |
VBZ |
denotes |
does |
T32516 |
53923-53926 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T32517 |
53938-53943 |
NN |
denotes |
mouse |
T32518 |
53927-53930 |
NNP |
denotes |
Lin |
T32519 |
53931-53933 |
FW |
denotes |
et |
T32520 |
53934-53937 |
FW |
denotes |
al. |
T32521 |
53949-53952 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T32522 |
53952-53953 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T32523 |
53953-54116 |
sentence |
denotes |
Fifth, Lin et al. found a neurologic phenotype in males characterized by hyperactivity, whereas the PGC-1α−/− mice described here show reduced locomotor activity. |
T32524 |
53954-53959 |
RB |
denotes |
Fifth |
T32525 |
53972-53977 |
VBD |
denotes |
found |
T32526 |
53959-53961 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T32527 |
53961-53964 |
NNP |
denotes |
Lin |
T32528 |
53965-53967 |
FW |
denotes |
et |
T32529 |
53968-53971 |
FW |
denotes |
al. |
T32530 |
53978-53979 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T32531 |
53991-54000 |
NN |
denotes |
phenotype |
T32532 |
53980-53990 |
JJ |
denotes |
neurologic |
T32533 |
54001-54003 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T32534 |
54004-54009 |
NNS |
denotes |
males |
T32535 |
54010-54023 |
VBN |
denotes |
characterized |
T32536 |
54024-54026 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T32537 |
54027-54040 |
NN |
denotes |
hyperactivity |
T32538 |
54040-54042 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T32539 |
54042-54049 |
IN |
denotes |
whereas |
T32540 |
54084-54088 |
VBP |
denotes |
show |
T32541 |
54050-54053 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T32542 |
54064-54068 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T32543 |
54054-54057 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T32544 |
54058-54060 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T32545 |
54057-54058 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T32546 |
54060-54061 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T32547 |
54061-54062 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T32548 |
54062-54063 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T32549 |
54069-54078 |
VBN |
denotes |
described |
T32550 |
54079-54083 |
RB |
denotes |
here |
T32551 |
54089-54096 |
VBN |
denotes |
reduced |
T32552 |
54107-54115 |
NN |
denotes |
activity |
T32553 |
54097-54106 |
NN |
denotes |
locomotor |
T32554 |
54115-54116 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T32555 |
54116-54381 |
sentence |
denotes |
However, it should be noted that we did not study activity levels over an extended period of time in males as did Lin et al., so it is possible that our findings reflect an emotional disturbance that manifests only when the animals are placed in a new environment. |
T32556 |
54117-54124 |
RB |
denotes |
However |
T32557 |
54139-54144 |
VBN |
denotes |
noted |
T32558 |
54124-54126 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T32559 |
54126-54128 |
PRP |
denotes |
it |
T32560 |
54129-54135 |
MD |
denotes |
should |
T32561 |
54136-54138 |
VB |
denotes |
be |
T32562 |
54249-54251 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T32563 |
54145-54149 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T32564 |
54161-54166 |
VB |
denotes |
study |
T32565 |
54150-54152 |
PRP |
denotes |
we |
T32566 |
54153-54156 |
VBD |
denotes |
did |
T32567 |
54157-54160 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T32568 |
54167-54175 |
NN |
denotes |
activity |
T32569 |
54176-54182 |
NNS |
denotes |
levels |
T32570 |
54183-54187 |
IN |
denotes |
over |
T32571 |
54188-54190 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T32572 |
54200-54206 |
NN |
denotes |
period |
T32573 |
54191-54199 |
JJ |
denotes |
extended |
T32574 |
54207-54209 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T32575 |
54210-54214 |
NN |
denotes |
time |
T32576 |
54215-54217 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T32577 |
54218-54223 |
NNS |
denotes |
males |
T32578 |
54224-54226 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T32579 |
54227-54230 |
VBD |
denotes |
did |
T32580 |
54231-54234 |
NNP |
denotes |
Lin |
T32581 |
54235-54237 |
FW |
denotes |
et |
T32582 |
54238-54241 |
FW |
denotes |
al. |
T32583 |
54241-54243 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T32584 |
54243-54245 |
RB |
denotes |
so |
T32585 |
54246-54248 |
PRP |
denotes |
it |
T32586 |
54252-54260 |
JJ |
denotes |
possible |
T32587 |
54261-54265 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T32588 |
54279-54286 |
VBP |
denotes |
reflect |
T32589 |
54266-54269 |
PRP$ |
denotes |
our |
T32590 |
54270-54278 |
NNS |
denotes |
findings |
T32591 |
54287-54289 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T32592 |
54300-54311 |
NN |
denotes |
disturbance |
T32593 |
54290-54299 |
JJ |
denotes |
emotional |
T32594 |
54312-54316 |
WDT |
denotes |
that |
T32595 |
54317-54326 |
VBZ |
denotes |
manifests |
T32596 |
54327-54331 |
RB |
denotes |
only |
T32597 |
54353-54359 |
VBN |
denotes |
placed |
T32598 |
54332-54336 |
WRB |
denotes |
when |
T32599 |
54337-54340 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T32600 |
54341-54348 |
NNS |
denotes |
animals |
T32601 |
54349-54352 |
VBP |
denotes |
are |
T32602 |
54360-54362 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T32603 |
54363-54364 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T32604 |
54369-54380 |
NN |
denotes |
environment |
T32605 |
54365-54368 |
JJ |
denotes |
new |
T32606 |
54380-54381 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T32607 |
54381-54580 |
sentence |
denotes |
Finally, we report significant skeletal muscle and cardiac functional abnormalities (although the report by Lin et al. did not address these phenotypes, so this may not represent a true difference). |
T32608 |
54382-54389 |
RB |
denotes |
Finally |
T32609 |
54394-54400 |
VBP |
denotes |
report |
T32610 |
54389-54391 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T32611 |
54391-54393 |
PRP |
denotes |
we |
T32612 |
54401-54412 |
JJ |
denotes |
significant |
T32613 |
54452-54465 |
NNS |
denotes |
abnormalities |
T32614 |
54413-54421 |
JJ |
denotes |
skeletal |
T32615 |
54422-54428 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T32616 |
54429-54432 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T32617 |
54433-54440 |
JJ |
denotes |
cardiac |
T32618 |
54441-54451 |
JJ |
denotes |
functional |
T32619 |
54466-54467 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T32620 |
54467-54475 |
IN |
denotes |
although |
T32621 |
54551-54560 |
VB |
denotes |
represent |
T32622 |
54476-54479 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T32623 |
54480-54486 |
NN |
denotes |
report |
T32624 |
54509-54516 |
VB |
denotes |
address |
T32625 |
54487-54489 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T32626 |
54490-54493 |
NNP |
denotes |
Lin |
T32627 |
54494-54496 |
FW |
denotes |
et |
T32628 |
54497-54500 |
FW |
denotes |
al. |
T32629 |
54501-54504 |
VBD |
denotes |
did |
T32630 |
54505-54508 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T32631 |
54517-54522 |
DT |
denotes |
these |
T32632 |
54523-54533 |
NNS |
denotes |
phenotypes |
T32633 |
54533-54535 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T32634 |
54535-54537 |
RB |
denotes |
so |
T32635 |
54538-54542 |
DT |
denotes |
this |
T32636 |
54543-54546 |
MD |
denotes |
may |
T32637 |
54547-54550 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T32638 |
54561-54562 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T32639 |
54568-54578 |
NN |
denotes |
difference |
T32640 |
54563-54567 |
JJ |
denotes |
true |
T32641 |
54578-54579 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T32642 |
54579-54580 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T32643 |
54580-54684 |
sentence |
denotes |
The reasons for the interesting differences between the two PGC-1α-deficient mouse lines are not clear. |
T32644 |
54581-54584 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T32645 |
54585-54592 |
NNS |
denotes |
reasons |
T32646 |
54670-54673 |
VBP |
denotes |
are |
T32647 |
54593-54596 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T32648 |
54597-54600 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T32649 |
54613-54624 |
NNS |
denotes |
differences |
T32650 |
54601-54612 |
JJ |
denotes |
interesting |
T32651 |
54625-54632 |
IN |
denotes |
between |
T32652 |
54633-54636 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T32653 |
54664-54669 |
NNS |
denotes |
lines |
T32654 |
54637-54640 |
CD |
denotes |
two |
T32655 |
54641-54644 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T32656 |
54645-54647 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T32657 |
54644-54645 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T32658 |
54648-54657 |
JJ |
denotes |
deficient |
T32659 |
54647-54648 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T32660 |
54658-54663 |
NN |
denotes |
mouse |
T32661 |
54674-54677 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T32662 |
54678-54683 |
JJ |
denotes |
clear |
T32663 |
54683-54684 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T32664 |
54684-54821 |
sentence |
denotes |
It is possible that distinct genetic backgrounds related to hybrid strains confer different degrees of secondary compensatory responses. |
T32665 |
54685-54687 |
PRP |
denotes |
It |
T32666 |
54688-54690 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T32667 |
54691-54699 |
JJ |
denotes |
possible |
T32668 |
54700-54704 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T32669 |
54760-54766 |
VBP |
denotes |
confer |
T32670 |
54705-54713 |
JJ |
denotes |
distinct |
T32671 |
54722-54733 |
NNS |
denotes |
backgrounds |
T32672 |
54714-54721 |
JJ |
denotes |
genetic |
T32673 |
54734-54741 |
VBN |
denotes |
related |
T32674 |
54742-54744 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T32675 |
54745-54751 |
NN |
denotes |
hybrid |
T32676 |
54752-54759 |
NNS |
denotes |
strains |
T32677 |
54767-54776 |
JJ |
denotes |
different |
T32678 |
54777-54784 |
NNS |
denotes |
degrees |
T32679 |
54785-54787 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T32680 |
54788-54797 |
JJ |
denotes |
secondary |
T32681 |
54811-54820 |
NNS |
denotes |
responses |
T32682 |
54798-54810 |
JJ |
denotes |
compensatory |
T32683 |
54820-54821 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T32684 |
54821-55071 |
sentence |
denotes |
In addition, the incompletely penetrant postnatal mortality noted in the PGC-1α−/− mice reported by Lin et al. could have resulted in a selection bias toward greater levels of compensatory responses in liver and other tissues in the surviving group. |
T32685 |
54822-54824 |
IN |
denotes |
In |
T32686 |
54944-54952 |
VBD |
denotes |
resulted |
T32687 |
54825-54833 |
NN |
denotes |
addition |
T32688 |
54833-54835 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T32689 |
54835-54838 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T32690 |
54872-54881 |
NN |
denotes |
mortality |
T32691 |
54839-54851 |
RB |
denotes |
incompletely |
T32692 |
54852-54861 |
JJ |
denotes |
penetrant |
T32693 |
54862-54871 |
JJ |
denotes |
postnatal |
T32694 |
54882-54887 |
VBN |
denotes |
noted |
T32695 |
54888-54890 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T32696 |
54891-54894 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T32697 |
54905-54909 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T32698 |
54895-54898 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T32699 |
54899-54901 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T32700 |
54898-54899 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T32701 |
54901-54902 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T32702 |
54902-54903 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T32703 |
54903-54904 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T32704 |
54910-54918 |
VBN |
denotes |
reported |
T32705 |
54919-54921 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T32706 |
54922-54925 |
NNP |
denotes |
Lin |
T32707 |
54926-54928 |
FW |
denotes |
et |
T32708 |
54929-54932 |
FW |
denotes |
al. |
T32709 |
54933-54938 |
MD |
denotes |
could |
T32710 |
54939-54943 |
VB |
denotes |
have |
T32711 |
54953-54955 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T32712 |
54956-54957 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T32713 |
54968-54972 |
NN |
denotes |
bias |
T32714 |
54958-54967 |
NN |
denotes |
selection |
T32715 |
54973-54979 |
IN |
denotes |
toward |
T32716 |
54980-54987 |
JJR |
denotes |
greater |
T32717 |
54988-54994 |
NNS |
denotes |
levels |
T32718 |
54995-54997 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T32719 |
54998-55010 |
JJ |
denotes |
compensatory |
T32720 |
55011-55020 |
NNS |
denotes |
responses |
T32721 |
55021-55023 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T32722 |
55024-55029 |
NN |
denotes |
liver |
T32723 |
55030-55033 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T32724 |
55034-55039 |
JJ |
denotes |
other |
T32725 |
55040-55047 |
NNS |
denotes |
tissues |
T32726 |
55048-55050 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T32727 |
55051-55054 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T32728 |
55065-55070 |
NN |
denotes |
group |
T32729 |
55055-55064 |
VBG |
denotes |
surviving |
T32730 |
55070-55071 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T32731 |
55071-55154 |
sentence |
denotes |
It is also possible that the method of gene targeting led to different phenotypes. |
T32732 |
55072-55074 |
PRP |
denotes |
It |
T32733 |
55075-55077 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T32734 |
55078-55082 |
RB |
denotes |
also |
T32735 |
55083-55091 |
JJ |
denotes |
possible |
T32736 |
55092-55096 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T32737 |
55126-55129 |
VBD |
denotes |
led |
T32738 |
55097-55100 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T32739 |
55101-55107 |
NN |
denotes |
method |
T32740 |
55108-55110 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T32741 |
55111-55115 |
NN |
denotes |
gene |
T32742 |
55116-55125 |
NN |
denotes |
targeting |
T32743 |
55130-55132 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T32744 |
55133-55142 |
JJ |
denotes |
different |
T32745 |
55143-55153 |
NNS |
denotes |
phenotypes |
T32746 |
55153-55154 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T32747 |
55154-55252 |
sentence |
denotes |
Lin et al. generated PGC-1α−/− mice by Cre recombinase-mediated excision of exons 3–5 in oocytes. |
T32748 |
55155-55158 |
NNP |
denotes |
Lin |
T32749 |
55166-55175 |
VBN |
denotes |
generated |
T32750 |
55159-55161 |
FW |
denotes |
et |
T32751 |
55162-55165 |
FW |
denotes |
al. |
T32752 |
55176-55179 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T32753 |
55180-55182 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T32754 |
55179-55180 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T32755 |
55186-55190 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T32756 |
55182-55183 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T32757 |
55183-55184 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T32758 |
55184-55185 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T32759 |
55191-55193 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T32760 |
55194-55197 |
NN |
denotes |
Cre |
T32761 |
55198-55209 |
NN |
denotes |
recombinase |
T32762 |
55210-55218 |
VBN |
denotes |
mediated |
T32763 |
55209-55210 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T32764 |
55219-55227 |
NN |
denotes |
excision |
T32765 |
55228-55230 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T32766 |
55231-55236 |
NNS |
denotes |
exons |
T32767 |
55237-55238 |
CD |
denotes |
3 |
T32768 |
55238-55239 |
SYM |
denotes |
– |
T32769 |
55239-55240 |
CD |
denotes |
5 |
T32770 |
55241-55243 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T32771 |
55244-55251 |
NNS |
denotes |
oocytes |
T32772 |
55251-55252 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T32773 |
55252-55463 |
sentence |
denotes |
The PGC-1α−/− mice described here were generated by a targeting event that involved a 3′ homologous recombination leading to an insertion of the targeting vector including an extra exon 3 between exons 5 and 6. |
T32774 |
55253-55256 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T32775 |
55267-55271 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T32776 |
55257-55260 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T32777 |
55261-55263 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T32778 |
55260-55261 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T32779 |
55263-55264 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T32780 |
55264-55265 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T32781 |
55265-55266 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T32782 |
55292-55301 |
VBN |
denotes |
generated |
T32783 |
55272-55281 |
VBN |
denotes |
described |
T32784 |
55282-55286 |
RB |
denotes |
here |
T32785 |
55287-55291 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T32786 |
55302-55304 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T32787 |
55305-55306 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T32788 |
55317-55322 |
NN |
denotes |
event |
T32789 |
55307-55316 |
NN |
denotes |
targeting |
T32790 |
55323-55327 |
WDT |
denotes |
that |
T32791 |
55328-55336 |
VBD |
denotes |
involved |
T32792 |
55337-55338 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T32793 |
55353-55366 |
NN |
denotes |
recombination |
T32794 |
55339-55340 |
CD |
denotes |
3 |
T32795 |
55340-55341 |
SYM |
denotes |
′ |
T32796 |
55342-55352 |
JJ |
denotes |
homologous |
T32797 |
55367-55374 |
VBG |
denotes |
leading |
T32798 |
55375-55377 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T32799 |
55378-55380 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T32800 |
55381-55390 |
NN |
denotes |
insertion |
T32801 |
55391-55393 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T32802 |
55394-55397 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T32803 |
55408-55414 |
NN |
denotes |
vector |
T32804 |
55398-55407 |
VBG |
denotes |
targeting |
T32805 |
55415-55424 |
VBG |
denotes |
including |
T32806 |
55425-55427 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T32807 |
55434-55438 |
NN |
denotes |
exon |
T32808 |
55428-55433 |
JJ |
denotes |
extra |
T32809 |
55439-55440 |
CD |
denotes |
3 |
T32810 |
55441-55448 |
IN |
denotes |
between |
T32811 |
55449-55454 |
NNS |
denotes |
exons |
T32812 |
55455-55456 |
CD |
denotes |
5 |
T32813 |
55457-55460 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T32814 |
55461-55462 |
CD |
denotes |
6 |
T32815 |
55462-55463 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T32816 |
55463-55581 |
sentence |
denotes |
The exon 3 insertion, which was confirmed by RT-PCR, results in a mutant transcript that encodes a truncated protein. |
T32817 |
55464-55467 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T32818 |
55475-55484 |
NN |
denotes |
insertion |
T32819 |
55468-55472 |
NN |
denotes |
exon |
T32820 |
55473-55474 |
CD |
denotes |
3 |
T32821 |
55517-55524 |
VBZ |
denotes |
results |
T32822 |
55484-55486 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T32823 |
55486-55491 |
WDT |
denotes |
which |
T32824 |
55496-55505 |
VBN |
denotes |
confirmed |
T32825 |
55492-55495 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T32826 |
55506-55508 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T32827 |
55509-55511 |
NN |
denotes |
RT |
T32828 |
55512-55515 |
NN |
denotes |
PCR |
T32829 |
55511-55512 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T32830 |
55515-55517 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T32831 |
55525-55527 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T32832 |
55528-55529 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T32833 |
55537-55547 |
NN |
denotes |
transcript |
T32834 |
55530-55536 |
NN |
denotes |
mutant |
T32835 |
55548-55552 |
WDT |
denotes |
that |
T32836 |
55553-55560 |
VBZ |
denotes |
encodes |
T32837 |
55561-55562 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T32838 |
55573-55580 |
NN |
denotes |
protein |
T32839 |
55563-55572 |
VBN |
denotes |
truncated |
T32840 |
55580-55581 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T32841 |
55581-55712 |
sentence |
denotes |
We were unable to detect normal transcript containing an exon 5–6 border, indicating that the targeting was accurate and complete. |
T32842 |
55582-55584 |
PRP |
denotes |
We |
T32843 |
55585-55589 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T32844 |
55590-55596 |
JJ |
denotes |
unable |
T32845 |
55597-55599 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T32846 |
55600-55606 |
VB |
denotes |
detect |
T32847 |
55607-55613 |
JJ |
denotes |
normal |
T32848 |
55614-55624 |
NN |
denotes |
transcript |
T32849 |
55625-55635 |
VBG |
denotes |
containing |
T32850 |
55636-55638 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T32851 |
55648-55654 |
NN |
denotes |
border |
T32852 |
55639-55643 |
NN |
denotes |
exon |
T32853 |
55644-55645 |
CD |
denotes |
5 |
T32854 |
55645-55646 |
SYM |
denotes |
– |
T32855 |
55646-55647 |
CD |
denotes |
6 |
T32856 |
55654-55656 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T32857 |
55656-55666 |
VBG |
denotes |
indicating |
T32858 |
55667-55671 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T32859 |
55686-55689 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T32860 |
55672-55675 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T32861 |
55676-55685 |
NN |
denotes |
targeting |
T32862 |
55690-55698 |
JJ |
denotes |
accurate |
T32863 |
55699-55702 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T32864 |
55703-55711 |
JJ |
denotes |
complete |
T32865 |
55711-55712 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T32866 |
55712-55805 |
sentence |
denotes |
In addition, we could not detect full-length or smaller PGC-1α proteins by Western blotting. |
T32867 |
55713-55715 |
IN |
denotes |
In |
T32868 |
55739-55745 |
VB |
denotes |
detect |
T32869 |
55716-55724 |
NN |
denotes |
addition |
T32870 |
55724-55726 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T32871 |
55726-55728 |
PRP |
denotes |
we |
T32872 |
55729-55734 |
MD |
denotes |
could |
T32873 |
55735-55738 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T32874 |
55746-55750 |
JJ |
denotes |
full |
T32875 |
55751-55757 |
NN |
denotes |
length |
T32876 |
55750-55751 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T32877 |
55776-55784 |
NN |
denotes |
proteins |
T32878 |
55758-55760 |
CC |
denotes |
or |
T32879 |
55761-55768 |
JJR |
denotes |
smaller |
T32880 |
55769-55772 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T32881 |
55773-55775 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T32882 |
55772-55773 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T32883 |
55785-55787 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T32884 |
55788-55795 |
NNP |
denotes |
Western |
T32885 |
55796-55804 |
NN |
denotes |
blotting |
T32886 |
55804-55805 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T32887 |
55805-56112 |
sentence |
denotes |
However, we cannot exclude the possibility that the sensitivity of the immunoblotting was not high enough to pick up a small amount of mutant (truncated) PGC-1α protein that could have some activity, given that it would contain nuclear receptor-interacting domains and the amino-terminal activation domain. |
T32888 |
55806-55813 |
RB |
denotes |
However |
T32889 |
55825-55832 |
VB |
denotes |
exclude |
T32890 |
55813-55815 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T32891 |
55815-55817 |
PRP |
denotes |
we |
T32892 |
55818-55821 |
MD |
denotes |
can |
T32893 |
55821-55824 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T32894 |
55833-55836 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T32895 |
55837-55848 |
NN |
denotes |
possibility |
T32896 |
55849-55853 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T32897 |
55892-55895 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T32898 |
55854-55857 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T32899 |
55858-55869 |
NN |
denotes |
sensitivity |
T32900 |
55870-55872 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T32901 |
55873-55876 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T32902 |
55877-55891 |
NN |
denotes |
immunoblotting |
T32903 |
55896-55899 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T32904 |
55900-55904 |
JJ |
denotes |
high |
T32905 |
55905-55911 |
RB |
denotes |
enough |
T32906 |
55912-55914 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T32907 |
55915-55919 |
VB |
denotes |
pick |
T32908 |
55920-55922 |
RP |
denotes |
up |
T32909 |
55923-55924 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T32910 |
55931-55937 |
NN |
denotes |
amount |
T32911 |
55925-55930 |
JJ |
denotes |
small |
T32912 |
55938-55940 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T32913 |
55941-55947 |
NN |
denotes |
mutant |
T32914 |
55967-55974 |
NN |
denotes |
protein |
T32915 |
55948-55949 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T32916 |
55949-55958 |
VBN |
denotes |
truncated |
T32917 |
55958-55959 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T32918 |
55960-55963 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T32919 |
55964-55966 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T32920 |
55963-55964 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T32921 |
55975-55979 |
WDT |
denotes |
that |
T32922 |
55986-55990 |
VB |
denotes |
have |
T32923 |
55980-55985 |
MD |
denotes |
could |
T32924 |
55991-55995 |
DT |
denotes |
some |
T32925 |
55996-56004 |
NN |
denotes |
activity |
T32926 |
56004-56006 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T32927 |
56006-56011 |
VBN |
denotes |
given |
T32928 |
56012-56016 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T32929 |
56026-56033 |
VB |
denotes |
contain |
T32930 |
56017-56019 |
PRP |
denotes |
it |
T32931 |
56020-56025 |
MD |
denotes |
would |
T32932 |
56034-56041 |
JJ |
denotes |
nuclear |
T32933 |
56042-56050 |
NN |
denotes |
receptor |
T32934 |
56051-56062 |
VBG |
denotes |
interacting |
T32935 |
56050-56051 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T32936 |
56063-56070 |
NNS |
denotes |
domains |
T32937 |
56071-56074 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T32938 |
56075-56078 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T32939 |
56105-56111 |
NN |
denotes |
domain |
T32940 |
56079-56084 |
NN |
denotes |
amino |
T32941 |
56085-56093 |
JJ |
denotes |
terminal |
T32942 |
56084-56085 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T32943 |
56094-56104 |
NN |
denotes |
activation |
T32944 |
56111-56112 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T32945 |
56112-56257 |
sentence |
denotes |
If small amounts of PGC-1α activity are present in the mice reported here, it could explain some of the observed differences between the models. |
T32946 |
56113-56115 |
IN |
denotes |
If |
T32947 |
56149-56152 |
VBP |
denotes |
are |
T32948 |
56116-56121 |
JJ |
denotes |
small |
T32949 |
56122-56129 |
NNS |
denotes |
amounts |
T32950 |
56130-56132 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T32951 |
56133-56136 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T32952 |
56137-56139 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T32953 |
56136-56137 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T32954 |
56140-56148 |
NN |
denotes |
activity |
T32955 |
56197-56204 |
VB |
denotes |
explain |
T32956 |
56153-56160 |
JJ |
denotes |
present |
T32957 |
56161-56163 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T32958 |
56164-56167 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T32959 |
56168-56172 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T32960 |
56173-56181 |
VBN |
denotes |
reported |
T32961 |
56182-56186 |
RB |
denotes |
here |
T32962 |
56186-56188 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T32963 |
56188-56190 |
PRP |
denotes |
it |
T32964 |
56191-56196 |
MD |
denotes |
could |
T32965 |
56205-56209 |
DT |
denotes |
some |
T32966 |
56210-56212 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T32967 |
56213-56216 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T32968 |
56226-56237 |
NNS |
denotes |
differences |
T32969 |
56217-56225 |
VBN |
denotes |
observed |
T32970 |
56238-56245 |
IN |
denotes |
between |
T32971 |
56246-56249 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T32972 |
56250-56256 |
NNS |
denotes |
models |
T32973 |
56256-56257 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T32974 |
56257-56391 |
sentence |
denotes |
However, the bulk of data presented here support the conclusion that the PGC-1α−/− mice described are completely deficient in PGC-1α. |
T32975 |
56258-56265 |
RB |
denotes |
However |
T32976 |
56299-56306 |
VBP |
denotes |
support |
T32977 |
56265-56267 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T32978 |
56267-56270 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T32979 |
56271-56275 |
NN |
denotes |
bulk |
T32980 |
56276-56278 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T32981 |
56279-56283 |
NNS |
denotes |
data |
T32982 |
56284-56293 |
VBN |
denotes |
presented |
T32983 |
56294-56298 |
RB |
denotes |
here |
T32984 |
56307-56310 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T32985 |
56311-56321 |
NN |
denotes |
conclusion |
T32986 |
56322-56326 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T32987 |
56356-56359 |
VBP |
denotes |
are |
T32988 |
56327-56330 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T32989 |
56341-56345 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T32990 |
56331-56334 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T32991 |
56335-56337 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T32992 |
56334-56335 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T32993 |
56337-56338 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T32994 |
56338-56339 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T32995 |
56339-56340 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T32996 |
56346-56355 |
VBN |
denotes |
described |
T32997 |
56360-56370 |
RB |
denotes |
completely |
T32998 |
56371-56380 |
JJ |
denotes |
deficient |
T32999 |
56381-56383 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T33000 |
56384-56387 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T33001 |
56388-56390 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T33002 |
56387-56388 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T33003 |
56390-56391 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T33004 |
56391-56487 |
sentence |
denotes |
Future direct comparison of the two mouse lines in pure background strains will be of interest. |
T33005 |
56392-56398 |
JJ |
denotes |
Future |
T33006 |
56406-56416 |
NN |
denotes |
comparison |
T33007 |
56399-56405 |
JJ |
denotes |
direct |
T33008 |
56472-56474 |
VB |
denotes |
be |
T33009 |
56417-56419 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T33010 |
56420-56423 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T33011 |
56434-56439 |
NNS |
denotes |
lines |
T33012 |
56424-56427 |
CD |
denotes |
two |
T33013 |
56428-56433 |
NN |
denotes |
mouse |
T33014 |
56440-56442 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T33015 |
56443-56447 |
JJ |
denotes |
pure |
T33016 |
56459-56466 |
NNS |
denotes |
strains |
T33017 |
56448-56458 |
NN |
denotes |
background |
T33018 |
56467-56471 |
MD |
denotes |
will |
T33019 |
56475-56477 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T33020 |
56478-56486 |
NN |
denotes |
interest |
T33021 |
56486-56487 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T33022 |
56487-56630 |
sentence |
denotes |
In summary, this body of work provides evidence that PGC-lα is critical for the adaptive responses necessary to meet postnatal energy demands. |
T33023 |
56488-56490 |
IN |
denotes |
In |
T33024 |
56518-56526 |
VBZ |
denotes |
provides |
T33025 |
56491-56498 |
NN |
denotes |
summary |
T33026 |
56498-56500 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T33027 |
56500-56504 |
DT |
denotes |
this |
T33028 |
56505-56509 |
NN |
denotes |
body |
T33029 |
56510-56512 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T33030 |
56513-56517 |
NN |
denotes |
work |
T33031 |
56527-56535 |
NN |
denotes |
evidence |
T33032 |
56536-56540 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T33033 |
56548-56550 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T33034 |
56541-56544 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T33035 |
56545-56547 |
NN |
denotes |
lα |
T33036 |
56544-56545 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T33037 |
56551-56559 |
JJ |
denotes |
critical |
T33038 |
56560-56563 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T33039 |
56564-56567 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T33040 |
56577-56586 |
NNS |
denotes |
responses |
T33041 |
56568-56576 |
JJ |
denotes |
adaptive |
T33042 |
56587-56596 |
JJ |
denotes |
necessary |
T33043 |
56597-56599 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T33044 |
56600-56604 |
VB |
denotes |
meet |
T33045 |
56605-56614 |
JJ |
denotes |
postnatal |
T33046 |
56622-56629 |
NNS |
denotes |
demands |
T33047 |
56615-56621 |
NN |
denotes |
energy |
T33048 |
56629-56630 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T33049 |
56630-56898 |
sentence |
denotes |
Our results also suggest a broader role for inducible transcriptional coactivators such as PGC-1α in transducing cellular signals triggered by physiologic and developmental cues to the transcriptional control of energy metabolism and other dynamic cellular processes. |
T33050 |
56631-56634 |
PRP$ |
denotes |
Our |
T33051 |
56635-56642 |
NNS |
denotes |
results |
T33052 |
56648-56655 |
VBP |
denotes |
suggest |
T33053 |
56643-56647 |
RB |
denotes |
also |
T33054 |
56656-56657 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T33055 |
56666-56670 |
NN |
denotes |
role |
T33056 |
56658-56665 |
JJR |
denotes |
broader |
T33057 |
56671-56674 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T33058 |
56675-56684 |
JJ |
denotes |
inducible |
T33059 |
56701-56713 |
NNS |
denotes |
coactivators |
T33060 |
56685-56700 |
JJ |
denotes |
transcriptional |
T33061 |
56714-56718 |
JJ |
denotes |
such |
T33062 |
56719-56721 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T33063 |
56722-56725 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T33064 |
56726-56728 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T33065 |
56725-56726 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T33066 |
56729-56731 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T33067 |
56732-56743 |
VBG |
denotes |
transducing |
T33068 |
56744-56752 |
JJ |
denotes |
cellular |
T33069 |
56753-56760 |
NNS |
denotes |
signals |
T33070 |
56761-56770 |
VBN |
denotes |
triggered |
T33071 |
56771-56773 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T33072 |
56774-56785 |
JJ |
denotes |
physiologic |
T33073 |
56804-56808 |
NNS |
denotes |
cues |
T33074 |
56786-56789 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T33075 |
56790-56803 |
JJ |
denotes |
developmental |
T33076 |
56809-56811 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T33077 |
56812-56815 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T33078 |
56832-56839 |
NN |
denotes |
control |
T33079 |
56816-56831 |
JJ |
denotes |
transcriptional |
T33080 |
56840-56842 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T33081 |
56843-56849 |
NN |
denotes |
energy |
T33082 |
56850-56860 |
NN |
denotes |
metabolism |
T33083 |
56861-56864 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T33084 |
56865-56870 |
JJ |
denotes |
other |
T33085 |
56888-56897 |
NNS |
denotes |
processes |
T33086 |
56871-56878 |
JJ |
denotes |
dynamic |
T33087 |
56879-56887 |
JJ |
denotes |
cellular |
T33088 |
56897-56898 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T33089 |
56898-57098 |
sentence |
denotes |
In this regard, the inducible coactivator PGC-1α serves as a transcriptional “booster” to augment the capacity of downstream metabolic pathways critical for metabolic maturation and postnatal growth. |
T33090 |
56899-56901 |
IN |
denotes |
In |
T33091 |
56948-56954 |
VBZ |
denotes |
serves |
T33092 |
56902-56906 |
DT |
denotes |
this |
T33093 |
56907-56913 |
NN |
denotes |
regard |
T33094 |
56913-56915 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T33095 |
56915-56918 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T33096 |
56929-56940 |
NN |
denotes |
coactivator |
T33097 |
56919-56928 |
JJ |
denotes |
inducible |
T33098 |
56941-56944 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T33099 |
56945-56947 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T33100 |
56944-56945 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T33101 |
56955-56957 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T33102 |
56958-56959 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T33103 |
56977-56984 |
NN |
denotes |
booster |
T33104 |
56960-56975 |
JJ |
denotes |
transcriptional |
T33105 |
56976-56977 |
`` |
denotes |
“ |
T33106 |
56984-56985 |
'' |
denotes |
” |
T33107 |
56986-56988 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T33108 |
56989-56996 |
VB |
denotes |
augment |
T33109 |
56997-57000 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T33110 |
57001-57009 |
NN |
denotes |
capacity |
T33111 |
57010-57012 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T33112 |
57013-57023 |
JJ |
denotes |
downstream |
T33113 |
57034-57042 |
NNS |
denotes |
pathways |
T33114 |
57024-57033 |
JJ |
denotes |
metabolic |
T33115 |
57043-57051 |
JJ |
denotes |
critical |
T33116 |
57052-57055 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T33117 |
57056-57065 |
JJ |
denotes |
metabolic |
T33118 |
57066-57076 |
NN |
denotes |
maturation |
T33119 |
57077-57080 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T33120 |
57081-57090 |
JJ |
denotes |
postnatal |
T33121 |
57091-57097 |
NN |
denotes |
growth |
T33122 |
57097-57098 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T33123 |
57098-57303 |
sentence |
denotes |
Indeed, although PGC-1α null mice survive in the protected environment of the laboratory, our results indicate that in the rigors of a typical external environment, PGC-1α would be necessary for survival. |
T33124 |
57099-57105 |
RB |
denotes |
Indeed |
T33125 |
57201-57209 |
VBP |
denotes |
indicate |
T33126 |
57105-57107 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T33127 |
57107-57115 |
IN |
denotes |
although |
T33128 |
57133-57140 |
VBP |
denotes |
survive |
T33129 |
57116-57119 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T33130 |
57120-57122 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T33154 |
57262-57264 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T33155 |
57264-57267 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T33156 |
57268-57270 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T33157 |
57267-57268 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T33158 |
57271-57276 |
MD |
denotes |
would |
T33159 |
57280-57289 |
JJ |
denotes |
necessary |
T33160 |
57290-57293 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T33161 |
57294-57302 |
NN |
denotes |
survival |
T33162 |
57302-57303 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T33163 |
57303-57550 |
sentence |
denotes |
Lastly, we propose that the PGC-1α−/− mice should serve as a useful murine model to investigate the role of altered energy metabolism in obesity, diabetes, hepatic steatosis, and diseases of the heart, skeletal muscle, and central nervous system. |
T33164 |
57304-57310 |
RB |
denotes |
Lastly |
T33165 |
57315-57322 |
VBP |
denotes |
propose |
T33166 |
57310-57312 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T33167 |
57312-57314 |
PRP |
denotes |
we |
T33168 |
57323-57327 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T33169 |
57354-57359 |
VB |
denotes |
serve |
T33170 |
57328-57331 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T33171 |
57342-57346 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T33172 |
57332-57335 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T33173 |
57336-57338 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T33174 |
57335-57336 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T33175 |
57338-57339 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T33176 |
57339-57340 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T33177 |
57340-57341 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T33178 |
57347-57353 |
MD |
denotes |
should |
T33179 |
57360-57362 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T33180 |
57363-57364 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T33181 |
57379-57384 |
NN |
denotes |
model |
T33182 |
57365-57371 |
JJ |
denotes |
useful |
T33183 |
57372-57378 |
JJ |
denotes |
murine |
T33184 |
57385-57387 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T33185 |
57388-57399 |
VB |
denotes |
investigate |
T33186 |
57400-57403 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T33187 |
57404-57408 |
NN |
denotes |
role |
T33188 |
57409-57411 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T33189 |
57412-57419 |
JJ |
denotes |
altered |
T33190 |
57427-57437 |
NN |
denotes |
metabolism |
T33191 |
57420-57426 |
NN |
denotes |
energy |
T33192 |
57438-57440 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T33193 |
57441-57448 |
NN |
denotes |
obesity |
T33194 |
57448-57450 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T33195 |
57450-57458 |
NN |
denotes |
diabetes |
T33196 |
57458-57460 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T33197 |
57460-57467 |
JJ |
denotes |
hepatic |
T33198 |
57468-57477 |
NN |
denotes |
steatosis |
T33199 |
57477-57479 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T33200 |
57479-57482 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T33201 |
57483-57491 |
NNS |
denotes |
diseases |
T33202 |
57492-57494 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T33203 |
57495-57498 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T33204 |
57499-57504 |
NN |
denotes |
heart |
T33205 |
57504-57506 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T33206 |
57506-57514 |
JJ |
denotes |
skeletal |
T33207 |
57515-57521 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T33208 |
57521-57523 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T33209 |
57523-57526 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T33210 |
57527-57534 |
JJ |
denotes |
central |
T33211 |
57543-57549 |
NN |
denotes |
system |
T33212 |
57535-57542 |
JJ |
denotes |
nervous |
T33213 |
57549-57550 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T34068 |
57575-57584 |
VBG |
denotes |
Targeting |
T34069 |
57585-57588 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T34070 |
57596-57600 |
NN |
denotes |
gene |
T34071 |
57589-57592 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T34072 |
57593-57595 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T34073 |
57592-57593 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T34074 |
57601-57603 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T34075 |
57604-57608 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T34076 |
57608-57777 |
sentence |
denotes |
A BAC genomic clone containing the murine PGC-1α gene, isolated from an Sv129 genomic library, was obtained from Incyte Genomics (Palo Alto, California, United States). |
T34077 |
57609-57610 |
DT |
denotes |
A |
T34078 |
57623-57628 |
NN |
denotes |
clone |
T34079 |
57611-57614 |
NN |
denotes |
BAC |
T34080 |
57615-57622 |
JJ |
denotes |
genomic |
T34081 |
57708-57716 |
VBN |
denotes |
obtained |
T34082 |
57629-57639 |
VBG |
denotes |
containing |
T34083 |
57640-57643 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T34084 |
57658-57662 |
NN |
denotes |
gene |
T34085 |
57644-57650 |
JJ |
denotes |
murine |
T34086 |
57651-57654 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T34087 |
57655-57657 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T34088 |
57654-57655 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T34089 |
57662-57664 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T34090 |
57664-57672 |
VBN |
denotes |
isolated |
T34091 |
57673-57677 |
IN |
denotes |
from |
T34092 |
57678-57680 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T34093 |
57695-57702 |
NN |
denotes |
library |
T34094 |
57681-57686 |
NN |
denotes |
Sv129 |
T34095 |
57687-57694 |
JJ |
denotes |
genomic |
T34096 |
57702-57704 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T34097 |
57704-57707 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T34098 |
57717-57721 |
IN |
denotes |
from |
T34099 |
57722-57728 |
NNP |
denotes |
Incyte |
T34100 |
57729-57737 |
NNP |
denotes |
Genomics |
T34101 |
57738-57739 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T34102 |
57744-57748 |
NNP |
denotes |
Alto |
T34103 |
57739-57743 |
NNP |
denotes |
Palo |
T34104 |
57748-57750 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T34105 |
57750-57760 |
NNP |
denotes |
California |
T34106 |
57760-57762 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T34107 |
57762-57768 |
NNP |
denotes |
United |
T34108 |
57769-57775 |
NNP |
denotes |
States |
T34109 |
57775-57776 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T34110 |
57776-57777 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T34111 |
57777-57845 |
sentence |
denotes |
A 3-kb region spanning exon 3 was amplified from the genomic clone. |
T34112 |
57778-57779 |
DT |
denotes |
A |
T34113 |
57785-57791 |
NN |
denotes |
region |
T34114 |
57780-57781 |
CD |
denotes |
3 |
T34115 |
57782-57784 |
NN |
denotes |
kb |
T34116 |
57781-57782 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T34117 |
57812-57821 |
VBN |
denotes |
amplified |
T34118 |
57792-57800 |
VBG |
denotes |
spanning |
T34119 |
57801-57805 |
NN |
denotes |
exon |
T34120 |
57806-57807 |
CD |
denotes |
3 |
T34121 |
57808-57811 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T34122 |
57822-57826 |
IN |
denotes |
from |
T34123 |
57827-57830 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T34124 |
57839-57844 |
NN |
denotes |
clone |
T34125 |
57831-57838 |
JJ |
denotes |
genomic |
T34126 |
57844-57845 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T34127 |
57845-58029 |
sentence |
denotes |
A 5′ primer was designed to amplify a fragment with the 5′ end beginning 732 bp upstream of exon 3 just upstream of an endogenous Kpn1 restriction site (5′- AGTTTCCTTAGCAACTTCATA-3′). |
T34128 |
57846-57847 |
DT |
denotes |
A |
T34129 |
57851-57857 |
NN |
denotes |
primer |
T34130 |
57848-57849 |
CD |
denotes |
5 |
T34131 |
57849-57850 |
SYM |
denotes |
′ |
T34132 |
57862-57870 |
VBN |
denotes |
designed |
T34133 |
57858-57861 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T34134 |
57871-57873 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T34135 |
57874-57881 |
VB |
denotes |
amplify |
T34136 |
57882-57883 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T34137 |
57884-57892 |
NN |
denotes |
fragment |
T34138 |
57893-57897 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T34139 |
57898-57901 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T34140 |
57905-57908 |
NN |
denotes |
end |
T34141 |
57902-57903 |
CD |
denotes |
5 |
T34142 |
57903-57904 |
SYM |
denotes |
′ |
T34143 |
57909-57918 |
VBG |
denotes |
beginning |
T34144 |
57919-57922 |
CD |
denotes |
732 |
T34145 |
57923-57925 |
NN |
denotes |
bp |
T34146 |
57926-57934 |
RB |
denotes |
upstream |
T34147 |
57935-57937 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T34148 |
57938-57942 |
NN |
denotes |
exon |
T34149 |
57943-57944 |
CD |
denotes |
3 |
T34150 |
57945-57949 |
RB |
denotes |
just |
T34151 |
57950-57958 |
RB |
denotes |
upstream |
T34152 |
57959-57961 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T34153 |
57962-57964 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T34154 |
57993-57997 |
NN |
denotes |
site |
T34155 |
57965-57975 |
JJ |
denotes |
endogenous |
T34156 |
57976-57980 |
NN |
denotes |
Kpn1 |
T34157 |
57981-57992 |
NN |
denotes |
restriction |
T34158 |
57998-57999 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T34159 |
58003-58024 |
NN |
denotes |
AGTTTCCTTAGCAACTTCATA |
T34160 |
57999-58000 |
CD |
denotes |
5 |
T34161 |
58000-58001 |
SYM |
denotes |
′ |
T34162 |
58001-58002 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T34163 |
58024-58025 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T34164 |
58025-58026 |
CD |
denotes |
3 |
T34165 |
58026-58027 |
SYM |
denotes |
′ |
T34166 |
58027-58028 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T34167 |
58028-58029 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T34168 |
58029-58152 |
sentence |
denotes |
The 3′ primer contained a BamH1 site engineered by mutating the bases shown in lowercase (5′- AAGGATTTTAgGATcc CAGTAC-3′). |
T34169 |
58030-58033 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T34170 |
58037-58043 |
NN |
denotes |
primer |
T34171 |
58034-58035 |
CD |
denotes |
3 |
T34172 |
58035-58036 |
SYM |
denotes |
′ |
T34173 |
58044-58053 |
VBD |
denotes |
contained |
T34174 |
58054-58055 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T34175 |
58062-58066 |
NN |
denotes |
site |
T34176 |
58056-58061 |
NN |
denotes |
BamH1 |
T34177 |
58067-58077 |
VBN |
denotes |
engineered |
T34178 |
58078-58080 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T34179 |
58081-58089 |
VBG |
denotes |
mutating |
T34180 |
58090-58093 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T34181 |
58094-58099 |
NNS |
denotes |
bases |
T34182 |
58100-58105 |
VBN |
denotes |
shown |
T34183 |
58106-58108 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T34184 |
58109-58118 |
NN |
denotes |
lowercase |
T34185 |
58119-58120 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T34186 |
58124-58147 |
NN |
denotes |
AAGGATTTTAgGATcc CAGTAC |
T34187 |
58120-58121 |
CD |
denotes |
5 |
T34188 |
58121-58122 |
SYM |
denotes |
′ |
T34189 |
58122-58123 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T34190 |
58147-58148 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T34191 |
58148-58149 |
CD |
denotes |
3 |
T34192 |
58149-58150 |
SYM |
denotes |
′ |
T34193 |
58150-58151 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T34194 |
58151-58152 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T34195 |
58152-58206 |
sentence |
denotes |
A second fragment downstream of exon 5 was amplified. |
T34196 |
58153-58154 |
DT |
denotes |
A |
T34197 |
58162-58170 |
NN |
denotes |
fragment |
T34198 |
58155-58161 |
JJ |
denotes |
second |
T34199 |
58196-58205 |
VBN |
denotes |
amplified |
T34200 |
58171-58181 |
RB |
denotes |
downstream |
T34201 |
58182-58184 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T34202 |
58185-58189 |
NN |
denotes |
exon |
T34203 |
58190-58191 |
CD |
denotes |
5 |
T34204 |
58192-58195 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T34205 |
58205-58206 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T34206 |
58206-58375 |
sentence |
denotes |
In this latter amplicon, Not1 and Xho1 sites were engineered into the 5′ and 3′ primers, respectively (5′- TGGAGTgc GGCCGCTGGGA-3′ and 5′- AAAGAGTCTCgAg AATAGTTTCT-3′). |
T34207 |
58207-58209 |
IN |
denotes |
In |
T34208 |
58257-58267 |
VBN |
denotes |
engineered |
T34209 |
58210-58214 |
DT |
denotes |
this |
T34210 |
58222-58230 |
NN |
denotes |
amplicon |
T34211 |
58215-58221 |
JJ |
denotes |
latter |
T34212 |
58230-58232 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T34213 |
58232-58236 |
NN |
denotes |
Not1 |
T34214 |
58246-58251 |
NNS |
denotes |
sites |
T34215 |
58237-58240 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T34216 |
58241-58245 |
NN |
denotes |
Xho1 |
T34217 |
58252-58256 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T34218 |
58268-58272 |
IN |
denotes |
into |
T34219 |
58273-58276 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T34220 |
58277-58278 |
CD |
denotes |
5 |
T34221 |
58287-58294 |
NNS |
denotes |
primers |
T34222 |
58278-58279 |
SYM |
denotes |
′ |
T34223 |
58280-58283 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T34224 |
58284-58285 |
CD |
denotes |
3 |
T34225 |
58285-58286 |
SYM |
denotes |
′ |
T34226 |
58294-58296 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T34227 |
58296-58308 |
RB |
denotes |
respectively |
T34228 |
58309-58310 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T34229 |
58314-58334 |
NN |
denotes |
TGGAGTgc GGCCGCTGGGA |
T34230 |
58310-58311 |
CD |
denotes |
5 |
T34231 |
58311-58312 |
SYM |
denotes |
′ |
T34232 |
58312-58313 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T34233 |
58334-58335 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T34234 |
58335-58336 |
CD |
denotes |
3 |
T34235 |
58336-58337 |
SYM |
denotes |
′ |
T34236 |
58338-58341 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T34237 |
58342-58343 |
CD |
denotes |
5 |
T34238 |
58346-58370 |
NN |
denotes |
AAAGAGTCTCgAg AATAGTTTCT |
T34239 |
58343-58344 |
SYM |
denotes |
′ |
T34240 |
58344-58345 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T34241 |
58370-58371 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T34242 |
58371-58372 |
CD |
denotes |
3 |
T34243 |
58372-58373 |
SYM |
denotes |
′ |
T34244 |
58373-58374 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T34245 |
58374-58375 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T34246 |
58375-58443 |
sentence |
denotes |
The fragments were cloned into p1339-PGK-Neomycin targeting vector. |
T34247 |
58376-58379 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T34248 |
58380-58389 |
NNS |
denotes |
fragments |
T34249 |
58395-58401 |
VBN |
denotes |
cloned |
T34250 |
58390-58394 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T34251 |
58402-58406 |
IN |
denotes |
into |
T34252 |
58407-58412 |
NN |
denotes |
p1339 |
T34253 |
58417-58425 |
NN |
denotes |
Neomycin |
T34254 |
58412-58413 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T34255 |
58413-58416 |
NN |
denotes |
PGK |
T34256 |
58416-58417 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T34257 |
58436-58442 |
NN |
denotes |
vector |
T34258 |
58426-58435 |
NN |
denotes |
targeting |
T34259 |
58442-58443 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T34260 |
58443-58557 |
sentence |
denotes |
The construct was linearized with Xho1 and electroporated into RW4 ES cells (Sv129 derived) using G418 selection. |
T34261 |
58444-58447 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T34262 |
58448-58457 |
NN |
denotes |
construct |
T34263 |
58462-58472 |
VBN |
denotes |
linearized |
T34264 |
58458-58461 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T34265 |
58473-58477 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T34266 |
58478-58482 |
NN |
denotes |
Xho1 |
T34267 |
58483-58486 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T34268 |
58487-58501 |
VBN |
denotes |
electroporated |
T34269 |
58502-58506 |
IN |
denotes |
into |
T34270 |
58507-58510 |
NN |
denotes |
RW4 |
T34271 |
58514-58519 |
NNS |
denotes |
cells |
T34272 |
58511-58513 |
NN |
denotes |
ES |
T34273 |
58520-58521 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T34274 |
58521-58526 |
NN |
denotes |
Sv129 |
T34275 |
58527-58534 |
VBN |
denotes |
derived |
T34276 |
58534-58535 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T34277 |
58536-58541 |
VBG |
denotes |
using |
T34278 |
58542-58546 |
NN |
denotes |
G418 |
T34279 |
58547-58556 |
NN |
denotes |
selection |
T34280 |
58556-58557 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T34281 |
58557-58696 |
sentence |
denotes |
The electroporation was performed by the Siteman Cancer Center ES Cell Core at Washington University (St. Louis, Missouri, United States). |
T34282 |
58558-58561 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T34283 |
58562-58577 |
NN |
denotes |
electroporation |
T34284 |
58582-58591 |
VBN |
denotes |
performed |
T34285 |
58578-58581 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T34286 |
58592-58594 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T34287 |
58595-58598 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T34288 |
58629-58633 |
NNP |
denotes |
Core |
T34289 |
58599-58606 |
NNP |
denotes |
Siteman |
T34290 |
58614-58620 |
NNP |
denotes |
Center |
T34291 |
58607-58613 |
NNP |
denotes |
Cancer |
T34292 |
58621-58623 |
NNP |
denotes |
ES |
T34293 |
58624-58628 |
NNP |
denotes |
Cell |
T34294 |
58634-58636 |
IN |
denotes |
at |
T34295 |
58637-58647 |
NNP |
denotes |
Washington |
T34296 |
58648-58658 |
NNP |
denotes |
University |
T34297 |
58659-58660 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T34298 |
58664-58669 |
NNP |
denotes |
Louis |
T34299 |
58660-58663 |
NNP |
denotes |
St. |
T34300 |
58669-58671 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T34301 |
58671-58679 |
NNP |
denotes |
Missouri |
T34302 |
58679-58681 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T34303 |
58681-58687 |
NNP |
denotes |
United |
T34304 |
58688-58694 |
NNP |
denotes |
States |
T34305 |
58694-58695 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T34306 |
58695-58696 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T34307 |
58696-58783 |
sentence |
denotes |
The clones were screened by Southern blot using an Xba1 digest (see Figure 1A and 1B). |
T34308 |
58697-58700 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T34309 |
58701-58707 |
NNS |
denotes |
clones |
T34310 |
58713-58721 |
VBN |
denotes |
screened |
T34311 |
58708-58712 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T34312 |
58722-58724 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T34313 |
58725-58733 |
NNP |
denotes |
Southern |
T34314 |
58734-58738 |
NN |
denotes |
blot |
T34315 |
58739-58744 |
VBG |
denotes |
using |
T34316 |
58745-58747 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T34317 |
58753-58759 |
NN |
denotes |
digest |
T34318 |
58748-58752 |
NN |
denotes |
Xba1 |
T34319 |
58760-58761 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T34320 |
58761-58764 |
VB |
denotes |
see |
T34321 |
58765-58771 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T34322 |
58772-58774 |
NN |
denotes |
1A |
T34323 |
58775-58778 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T34324 |
58779-58781 |
NN |
denotes |
1B |
T34325 |
58781-58782 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T34326 |
58782-58783 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T34327 |
58783-58919 |
sentence |
denotes |
One clone out of approximately 400 screened was positive for the homologous recombination on the 3′ end and an insertion on the 5′ end. |
T34328 |
58784-58787 |
CD |
denotes |
One |
T34329 |
58788-58793 |
NN |
denotes |
clone |
T34330 |
58828-58831 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T34331 |
58794-58797 |
IN |
denotes |
out |
T34332 |
58798-58800 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T34333 |
58801-58814 |
RB |
denotes |
approximately |
T34334 |
58815-58818 |
CD |
denotes |
400 |
T34335 |
58819-58827 |
VBN |
denotes |
screened |
T34336 |
58832-58840 |
JJ |
denotes |
positive |
T34337 |
58841-58844 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T34338 |
58845-58848 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T34339 |
58860-58873 |
NN |
denotes |
recombination |
T34340 |
58849-58859 |
JJ |
denotes |
homologous |
T34341 |
58874-58876 |
IN |
denotes |
on |
T34342 |
58877-58880 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T34343 |
58884-58887 |
NN |
denotes |
end |
T34344 |
58881-58882 |
CD |
denotes |
3 |
T34345 |
58882-58883 |
SYM |
denotes |
′ |
T34346 |
58888-58891 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T34347 |
58892-58894 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T34348 |
58895-58904 |
NN |
denotes |
insertion |
T34349 |
58905-58907 |
IN |
denotes |
on |
T34350 |
58908-58911 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T34351 |
58915-58918 |
NN |
denotes |
end |
T34352 |
58912-58913 |
CD |
denotes |
5 |
T34353 |
58913-58914 |
SYM |
denotes |
′ |
T34354 |
58918-58919 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T34355 |
58919-58971 |
sentence |
denotes |
This clone was injected into a C57BL6/J blastocyst. |
T34356 |
58920-58924 |
DT |
denotes |
This |
T34357 |
58925-58930 |
NN |
denotes |
clone |
T34358 |
58935-58943 |
VBN |
denotes |
injected |
T34359 |
58931-58934 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T34360 |
58944-58948 |
IN |
denotes |
into |
T34361 |
58949-58950 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T34362 |
58960-58970 |
NN |
denotes |
blastocyst |
T34363 |
58951-58957 |
NN |
denotes |
C57BL6 |
T34364 |
58958-58959 |
NN |
denotes |
J |
T34365 |
58957-58958 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T34366 |
58970-58971 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T34367 |
58971-59098 |
sentence |
denotes |
Chimeras were mated to C57BL6/J mice and germline transmission was confirmed by Southern blotting of tail DNA (see Figure 1B). |
T34368 |
58972-58980 |
NNS |
denotes |
Chimeras |
T34369 |
58986-58991 |
VBN |
denotes |
mated |
T34370 |
58981-58985 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T34371 |
58992-58994 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T34372 |
58995-59001 |
NN |
denotes |
C57BL6 |
T34373 |
59002-59003 |
NN |
denotes |
J |
T34374 |
59001-59002 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T34375 |
59004-59008 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T34376 |
59009-59012 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T34377 |
59013-59021 |
NN |
denotes |
germline |
T34378 |
59022-59034 |
NN |
denotes |
transmission |
T34379 |
59039-59048 |
VBN |
denotes |
confirmed |
T34380 |
59035-59038 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T34381 |
59049-59051 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T34382 |
59052-59060 |
NNP |
denotes |
Southern |
T34383 |
59061-59069 |
NN |
denotes |
blotting |
T34384 |
59070-59072 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T34385 |
59073-59077 |
NN |
denotes |
tail |
T34386 |
59078-59081 |
NN |
denotes |
DNA |
T34387 |
59082-59083 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T34388 |
59083-59086 |
VB |
denotes |
see |
T34389 |
59087-59093 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T34390 |
59094-59096 |
NN |
denotes |
1B |
T34391 |
59096-59097 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T34392 |
59097-59098 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T34393 |
59098-59189 |
sentence |
denotes |
All experiments were performed using sex- and age-matched or littermate controls as noted. |
T34394 |
59099-59102 |
DT |
denotes |
All |
T34395 |
59103-59114 |
NNS |
denotes |
experiments |
T34396 |
59120-59129 |
VBN |
denotes |
performed |
T34397 |
59115-59119 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T34398 |
59130-59135 |
VBG |
denotes |
using |
T34399 |
59136-59139 |
NN |
denotes |
sex |
T34400 |
59149-59156 |
VBN |
denotes |
matched |
T34401 |
59139-59140 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T34402 |
59141-59144 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T34403 |
59145-59148 |
NN |
denotes |
age |
T34404 |
59148-59149 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T34405 |
59171-59179 |
NNS |
denotes |
controls |
T34406 |
59157-59159 |
CC |
denotes |
or |
T34407 |
59160-59170 |
NN |
denotes |
littermate |
T34408 |
59180-59182 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T34409 |
59183-59188 |
VBN |
denotes |
noted |
T34410 |
59188-59189 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T35414 |
59191-59198 |
JJ |
denotes |
General |
T35415 |
59206-59213 |
NNS |
denotes |
studies |
T35416 |
59199-59205 |
NN |
denotes |
animal |
T35417 |
59213-59465 |
sentence |
denotes |
All animal experiments and euthanasia protocols were conducted in strict accordance with the National Institutes of Health guidelines for humane treatment of animals and were reviewed and approved by the Animal Care Committee of Washington University. |
T35418 |
59214-59217 |
DT |
denotes |
All |
T35419 |
59225-59236 |
NNS |
denotes |
experiments |
T35420 |
59218-59224 |
NN |
denotes |
animal |
T35421 |
59267-59276 |
VBN |
denotes |
conducted |
T35422 |
59237-59240 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T35423 |
59241-59251 |
NN |
denotes |
euthanasia |
T35424 |
59252-59261 |
NNS |
denotes |
protocols |
T35425 |
59262-59266 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T35426 |
59277-59279 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T35427 |
59280-59286 |
JJ |
denotes |
strict |
T35428 |
59287-59297 |
NN |
denotes |
accordance |
T35429 |
59298-59302 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T35430 |
59303-59306 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T35431 |
59316-59326 |
NNPS |
denotes |
Institutes |
T35432 |
59307-59315 |
NNP |
denotes |
National |
T35433 |
59337-59347 |
NNS |
denotes |
guidelines |
T35434 |
59327-59329 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T35435 |
59330-59336 |
NNP |
denotes |
Health |
T35436 |
59348-59351 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T35437 |
59352-59358 |
NN |
denotes |
humane |
T35438 |
59359-59368 |
NN |
denotes |
treatment |
T35439 |
59369-59371 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T35440 |
59372-59379 |
NNS |
denotes |
animals |
T35441 |
59380-59383 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T35442 |
59384-59388 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T35443 |
59389-59397 |
VBN |
denotes |
reviewed |
T35444 |
59398-59401 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T35445 |
59402-59410 |
VBN |
denotes |
approved |
T35446 |
59411-59413 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T35447 |
59414-59417 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T35448 |
59430-59439 |
NNP |
denotes |
Committee |
T35449 |
59418-59424 |
NNP |
denotes |
Animal |
T35450 |
59425-59429 |
NNP |
denotes |
Care |
T35451 |
59440-59442 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T35452 |
59443-59453 |
NNP |
denotes |
Washington |
T35453 |
59454-59464 |
NNP |
denotes |
University |
T35454 |
59464-59465 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T35455 |
59465-59512 |
sentence |
denotes |
Animals were weighed at different time points. |
T35456 |
59466-59473 |
NNS |
denotes |
Animals |
T35457 |
59479-59486 |
VBN |
denotes |
weighed |
T35458 |
59474-59478 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T35459 |
59487-59489 |
IN |
denotes |
at |
T35460 |
59490-59499 |
JJ |
denotes |
different |
T35461 |
59505-59511 |
NNS |
denotes |
points |
T35462 |
59500-59504 |
NN |
denotes |
time |
T35463 |
59511-59512 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T35464 |
59512-59654 |
sentence |
denotes |
Male and female 3- to 8-wk-old PGC-1α+/+ and PGC-1α−/− mice were euthanized, and tissues were dissected and weighed on an analytical balance. |
T35465 |
59513-59517 |
JJ |
denotes |
Male |
T35466 |
59568-59572 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T35467 |
59518-59521 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T35468 |
59522-59528 |
JJ |
denotes |
female |
T35469 |
59529-59530 |
CD |
denotes |
3 |
T35470 |
59535-59536 |
CD |
denotes |
8 |
T35471 |
59530-59531 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T35472 |
59532-59534 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T35473 |
59537-59539 |
NN |
denotes |
wk |
T35474 |
59536-59537 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T35475 |
59540-59543 |
JJ |
denotes |
old |
T35476 |
59539-59540 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T35477 |
59544-59547 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T35478 |
59548-59550 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T35479 |
59547-59548 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T35480 |
59550-59551 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T35481 |
59551-59552 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T35482 |
59552-59553 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T35483 |
59554-59557 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T35484 |
59558-59561 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T35485 |
59562-59564 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T35486 |
59561-59562 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T35487 |
59564-59565 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T35488 |
59565-59566 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T35489 |
59566-59567 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T35490 |
59578-59588 |
VBN |
denotes |
euthanized |
T35491 |
59573-59577 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T35492 |
59588-59590 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T35493 |
59590-59593 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T35494 |
59594-59601 |
NNS |
denotes |
tissues |
T35495 |
59607-59616 |
VBN |
denotes |
dissected |
T35496 |
59602-59606 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T35497 |
59617-59620 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T35498 |
59621-59628 |
VBN |
denotes |
weighed |
T35499 |
59629-59631 |
IN |
denotes |
on |
T35500 |
59632-59634 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T35501 |
59646-59653 |
NN |
denotes |
balance |
T35502 |
59635-59645 |
JJ |
denotes |
analytical |
T35503 |
59653-59654 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T35504 |
59654-59725 |
sentence |
denotes |
Tissue weights were corrected for total body weight before comparison. |
T35505 |
59655-59661 |
NN |
denotes |
Tissue |
T35506 |
59662-59669 |
NNS |
denotes |
weights |
T35507 |
59675-59684 |
VBN |
denotes |
corrected |
T35508 |
59670-59674 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T35509 |
59685-59688 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T35510 |
59689-59694 |
JJ |
denotes |
total |
T35511 |
59700-59706 |
NN |
denotes |
weight |
T35512 |
59695-59699 |
NN |
denotes |
body |
T35513 |
59707-59713 |
IN |
denotes |
before |
T35514 |
59714-59724 |
NN |
denotes |
comparison |
T35515 |
59724-59725 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T35516 |
59725-59886 |
sentence |
denotes |
DEXA studies were performed as previously described [39] using a Lunar PIXIMUS DEXA system at 10, 18, and 24 wk in male and female PGC-1α+/+ and PGC-1α−/− mice. |
T35517 |
59726-59730 |
NN |
denotes |
DEXA |
T35518 |
59731-59738 |
NNS |
denotes |
studies |
T35519 |
59744-59753 |
VBN |
denotes |
performed |
T35520 |
59739-59743 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T35521 |
59754-59756 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T35522 |
59768-59777 |
VBN |
denotes |
described |
T35523 |
59757-59767 |
RB |
denotes |
previously |
T35524 |
59778-59779 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T35525 |
59779-59781 |
CD |
denotes |
39 |
T35526 |
59781-59782 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T35527 |
59783-59788 |
VBG |
denotes |
using |
T35528 |
59789-59790 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T35529 |
59810-59816 |
NN |
denotes |
system |
T35530 |
59791-59796 |
NNP |
denotes |
Lunar |
T35531 |
59797-59804 |
NNP |
denotes |
PIXIMUS |
T35532 |
59805-59809 |
NNP |
denotes |
DEXA |
T35533 |
59817-59819 |
IN |
denotes |
at |
T35534 |
59820-59822 |
CD |
denotes |
10 |
T35535 |
59835-59837 |
NN |
denotes |
wk |
T35536 |
59822-59824 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T35537 |
59824-59826 |
CD |
denotes |
18 |
T35538 |
59826-59828 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T35539 |
59828-59831 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T35540 |
59832-59834 |
CD |
denotes |
24 |
T35541 |
59838-59840 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T35542 |
59841-59845 |
JJ |
denotes |
male |
T35543 |
59881-59885 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T35544 |
59846-59849 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T35545 |
59850-59856 |
JJ |
denotes |
female |
T35546 |
59857-59860 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T35547 |
59861-59863 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T35548 |
59860-59861 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T35549 |
59863-59864 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T35550 |
59864-59865 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T35551 |
59865-59866 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T35552 |
59867-59870 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T35553 |
59871-59874 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T35554 |
59875-59877 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T35555 |
59874-59875 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T35556 |
59877-59878 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T35557 |
59878-59879 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T35558 |
59879-59880 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T35559 |
59885-59886 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T35560 |
59886-60022 |
sentence |
denotes |
For cold exposure experiments, male and female PGC-1α+/+ and PGC-1α−/− mice were singly housed and placed at 4 °C for 5 h without food. |
T35561 |
59887-59890 |
IN |
denotes |
For |
T35562 |
59975-59981 |
VBN |
denotes |
housed |
T35563 |
59891-59895 |
NN |
denotes |
cold |
T35564 |
59905-59916 |
NNS |
denotes |
experiments |
T35565 |
59896-59904 |
NN |
denotes |
exposure |
T35566 |
59916-59918 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T35567 |
59918-59922 |
JJ |
denotes |
male |
T35568 |
59958-59962 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T35569 |
59923-59926 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T35570 |
59927-59933 |
JJ |
denotes |
female |
T35571 |
59934-59937 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T35572 |
59938-59940 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T35573 |
59937-59938 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T35574 |
59940-59941 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T35575 |
59941-59942 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T35576 |
59942-59943 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T35577 |
59944-59947 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T35578 |
59948-59951 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T35579 |
59952-59954 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T35580 |
59951-59952 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T35581 |
59954-59955 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T35582 |
59955-59956 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T35583 |
59956-59957 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T35584 |
59963-59967 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T35585 |
59968-59974 |
RB |
denotes |
singly |
T35586 |
59982-59985 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T35587 |
59986-59992 |
VBN |
denotes |
placed |
T35588 |
59993-59995 |
IN |
denotes |
at |
T35589 |
59996-59997 |
CD |
denotes |
4 |
T35590 |
59998-60000 |
NN |
denotes |
°C |
T35591 |
60001-60004 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T35592 |
60005-60006 |
CD |
denotes |
5 |
T35593 |
60007-60008 |
NN |
denotes |
h |
T35594 |
60009-60016 |
IN |
denotes |
without |
T35595 |
60017-60021 |
NN |
denotes |
food |
T35596 |
60021-60022 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T35597 |
60022-60115 |
sentence |
denotes |
Core body temperatures were monitored by rectal probe at baseline and every hour thereafter. |
T35598 |
60023-60027 |
NN |
denotes |
Core |
T35599 |
60033-60045 |
NNS |
denotes |
temperatures |
T35600 |
60028-60032 |
NN |
denotes |
body |
T35601 |
60051-60060 |
VBN |
denotes |
monitored |
T35602 |
60046-60050 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T35603 |
60061-60063 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T35604 |
60064-60070 |
JJ |
denotes |
rectal |
T35605 |
60071-60076 |
NN |
denotes |
probe |
T35606 |
60077-60079 |
IN |
denotes |
at |
T35607 |
60080-60088 |
NN |
denotes |
baseline |
T35608 |
60089-60092 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T35609 |
60093-60098 |
DT |
denotes |
every |
T35610 |
60099-60103 |
NN |
denotes |
hour |
T35611 |
60104-60114 |
RB |
denotes |
thereafter |
T35612 |
60114-60115 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T35613 |
60115-60180 |
sentence |
denotes |
Mice were monitored at least every 30 min to check for lethargy. |
T35614 |
60116-60120 |
NNS |
denotes |
Mice |
T35615 |
60126-60135 |
VBN |
denotes |
monitored |
T35616 |
60121-60125 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T35617 |
60136-60138 |
RB |
denotes |
at |
T35618 |
60139-60144 |
RBS |
denotes |
least |
T35619 |
60154-60157 |
NN |
denotes |
min |
T35620 |
60145-60150 |
DT |
denotes |
every |
T35621 |
60151-60153 |
CD |
denotes |
30 |
T35622 |
60158-60160 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T35623 |
60161-60166 |
VB |
denotes |
check |
T35624 |
60167-60170 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T35625 |
60171-60179 |
NN |
denotes |
lethargy |
T35626 |
60179-60180 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T35627 |
60180-60274 |
sentence |
denotes |
At the end of 5 h, mice were sacrificed and tissues harvested for RNA and protein extraction. |
T35628 |
60181-60183 |
IN |
denotes |
At |
T35629 |
60210-60220 |
VBN |
denotes |
sacrificed |
T35630 |
60184-60187 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T35631 |
60188-60191 |
NN |
denotes |
end |
T35632 |
60192-60194 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T35633 |
60195-60196 |
CD |
denotes |
5 |
T35634 |
60197-60198 |
NN |
denotes |
h |
T35635 |
60198-60200 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T35636 |
60200-60204 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T35637 |
60205-60209 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T35638 |
60221-60224 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T35639 |
60225-60232 |
NNS |
denotes |
tissues |
T35640 |
60233-60242 |
VBN |
denotes |
harvested |
T35641 |
60243-60246 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T35642 |
60247-60250 |
NN |
denotes |
RNA |
T35643 |
60263-60273 |
NN |
denotes |
extraction |
T35644 |
60251-60254 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T35645 |
60255-60262 |
NN |
denotes |
protein |
T35646 |
60273-60274 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T35647 |
60274-60350 |
sentence |
denotes |
For fasting studies, animals were singly housed and given water ad libitum. |
T35648 |
60275-60278 |
IN |
denotes |
For |
T35649 |
60316-60322 |
VBN |
denotes |
housed |
T35650 |
60279-60286 |
NN |
denotes |
fasting |
T35651 |
60287-60294 |
NNS |
denotes |
studies |
T35652 |
60294-60296 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T35653 |
60296-60303 |
NNS |
denotes |
animals |
T35654 |
60304-60308 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T35655 |
60309-60315 |
RB |
denotes |
singly |
T35656 |
60323-60326 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T35657 |
60327-60332 |
VBN |
denotes |
given |
T35658 |
60333-60338 |
NN |
denotes |
water |
T35659 |
60339-60341 |
FW |
denotes |
ad |
T35660 |
60342-60349 |
FW |
denotes |
libitum |
T35661 |
60349-60350 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T35662 |
60350-60446 |
sentence |
denotes |
Food was removed from cages in the morning and tissues harvested at 24 h for RNA and histology. |
T35663 |
60351-60355 |
NN |
denotes |
Food |
T35664 |
60360-60367 |
VBN |
denotes |
removed |
T35665 |
60356-60359 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T35666 |
60368-60372 |
IN |
denotes |
from |
T35667 |
60373-60378 |
NNS |
denotes |
cages |
T35668 |
60379-60381 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T35669 |
60382-60385 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T35670 |
60386-60393 |
NN |
denotes |
morning |
T35671 |
60394-60397 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T35672 |
60398-60405 |
NNS |
denotes |
tissues |
T35673 |
60406-60415 |
VBN |
denotes |
harvested |
T35674 |
60416-60418 |
IN |
denotes |
at |
T35675 |
60419-60421 |
CD |
denotes |
24 |
T35676 |
60422-60423 |
NN |
denotes |
h |
T35677 |
60424-60427 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T35678 |
60428-60431 |
NN |
denotes |
RNA |
T35679 |
60432-60435 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T35680 |
60436-60445 |
NN |
denotes |
histology |
T35681 |
60445-60446 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T35682 |
60446-60539 |
sentence |
denotes |
Photography of the mice was performed by MedPic at Washington University School of Medicine. |
T35683 |
60447-60458 |
NN |
denotes |
Photography |
T35684 |
60475-60484 |
VBN |
denotes |
performed |
T35685 |
60459-60461 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T35686 |
60462-60465 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T35687 |
60466-60470 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T35688 |
60471-60474 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T35689 |
60485-60487 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T35690 |
60488-60494 |
NNP |
denotes |
MedPic |
T35691 |
60495-60497 |
IN |
denotes |
at |
T35692 |
60498-60508 |
NNP |
denotes |
Washington |
T35693 |
60509-60519 |
NNP |
denotes |
University |
T35694 |
60520-60526 |
NNP |
denotes |
School |
T35695 |
60527-60529 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T35696 |
60530-60538 |
NNP |
denotes |
Medicine |
T35697 |
60538-60539 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T35698 |
60539-60783 |
sentence |
denotes |
48-h activity monitoring was performed by JAX Services (The Jackson Laboratory, West Sacramento, California, United States) using a Comprehensive Laboratory Animal Monitoring System (CLAMS, Columbus Instruments, Columbus, Ohio, United States). |
T35699 |
60540-60542 |
CD |
denotes |
48 |
T35700 |
60543-60544 |
NN |
denotes |
h |
T35701 |
60542-60543 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T35702 |
60554-60564 |
NN |
denotes |
monitoring |
T35703 |
60545-60553 |
NN |
denotes |
activity |
T35704 |
60569-60578 |
VBN |
denotes |
performed |
T35705 |
60565-60568 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T35706 |
60579-60581 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T35707 |
60582-60585 |
NNP |
denotes |
JAX |
T35708 |
60586-60594 |
NNPS |
denotes |
Services |
T35709 |
60595-60596 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T35710 |
60608-60618 |
NNP |
denotes |
Laboratory |
T35711 |
60596-60599 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T35712 |
60600-60607 |
NNP |
denotes |
Jackson |
T35713 |
60618-60620 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T35714 |
60620-60624 |
NNP |
denotes |
West |
T35715 |
60625-60635 |
NNP |
denotes |
Sacramento |
T35716 |
60635-60637 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T35717 |
60637-60647 |
NNP |
denotes |
California |
T35718 |
60647-60649 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T35719 |
60649-60655 |
NNP |
denotes |
United |
T35720 |
60656-60662 |
NNP |
denotes |
States |
T35721 |
60662-60663 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T35722 |
60664-60669 |
VBG |
denotes |
using |
T35723 |
60670-60671 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T35724 |
60715-60721 |
NNP |
denotes |
System |
T35725 |
60672-60685 |
NNP |
denotes |
Comprehensive |
T35726 |
60686-60696 |
NNP |
denotes |
Laboratory |
T35727 |
60697-60703 |
NNP |
denotes |
Animal |
T35728 |
60704-60714 |
NNP |
denotes |
Monitoring |
T35729 |
60722-60723 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T35730 |
60723-60728 |
NNP |
denotes |
CLAMS |
T35731 |
60728-60730 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T35732 |
60730-60738 |
NNP |
denotes |
Columbus |
T35733 |
60739-60750 |
NNP |
denotes |
Instruments |
T35734 |
60750-60752 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T35735 |
60752-60760 |
NNP |
denotes |
Columbus |
T35736 |
60760-60762 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T35737 |
60762-60766 |
NNP |
denotes |
Ohio |
T35738 |
60766-60768 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T35739 |
60768-60774 |
NNP |
denotes |
United |
T35740 |
60775-60781 |
NNP |
denotes |
States |
T35741 |
60781-60782 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T35742 |
60782-60783 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T35743 |
60783-60862 |
sentence |
denotes |
Briefly, 3-mo-old female mice were acclimated for 17 h before data collection. |
T35744 |
60784-60791 |
RB |
denotes |
Briefly |
T35745 |
60819-60829 |
VBN |
denotes |
acclimated |
T35746 |
60791-60793 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T35747 |
60793-60794 |
CD |
denotes |
3 |
T35748 |
60795-60797 |
NN |
denotes |
mo |
T35749 |
60794-60795 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T35750 |
60798-60801 |
JJ |
denotes |
old |
T35751 |
60797-60798 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T35752 |
60809-60813 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T35753 |
60802-60808 |
JJ |
denotes |
female |
T35754 |
60814-60818 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T35755 |
60830-60833 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T35756 |
60834-60836 |
CD |
denotes |
17 |
T35757 |
60837-60838 |
NN |
denotes |
h |
T35758 |
60839-60845 |
IN |
denotes |
before |
T35759 |
60846-60850 |
NNS |
denotes |
data |
T35760 |
60851-60861 |
NN |
denotes |
collection |
T35761 |
60861-60862 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T35762 |
60862-60896 |
sentence |
denotes |
Data were collected every 30 min. |
T35763 |
60863-60867 |
NNS |
denotes |
Data |
T35764 |
60873-60882 |
VBN |
denotes |
collected |
T35765 |
60868-60872 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T35766 |
60883-60888 |
DT |
denotes |
every |
T35767 |
60892-60895 |
NN |
denotes |
min |
T35768 |
60889-60891 |
CD |
denotes |
30 |
T35769 |
60895-60896 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T35770 |
60896-61015 |
sentence |
denotes |
Total beam breaks in the XY direction were tabulated for the 12-h light and dark cycles and compared across genotypes. |
T35771 |
60897-60902 |
JJ |
denotes |
Total |
T35772 |
60908-60914 |
NNS |
denotes |
breaks |
T35773 |
60903-60907 |
NN |
denotes |
beam |
T35774 |
60940-60949 |
VBN |
denotes |
tabulated |
T35775 |
60915-60917 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T35776 |
60918-60921 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T35777 |
60925-60934 |
NN |
denotes |
direction |
T35778 |
60922-60924 |
NN |
denotes |
XY |
T35779 |
60935-60939 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T35780 |
60950-60953 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T35781 |
60954-60957 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T35782 |
60978-60984 |
NNS |
denotes |
cycles |
T35783 |
60958-60960 |
CD |
denotes |
12 |
T35784 |
60961-60962 |
NN |
denotes |
h |
T35785 |
60960-60961 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T35786 |
60963-60968 |
NN |
denotes |
light |
T35787 |
60969-60972 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T35788 |
60973-60977 |
NN |
denotes |
dark |
T35789 |
60985-60988 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T35790 |
60989-60997 |
VBN |
denotes |
compared |
T35791 |
60998-61004 |
IN |
denotes |
across |
T35792 |
61005-61014 |
NNS |
denotes |
genotypes |
T35793 |
61014-61015 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T36774 |
61017-61020 |
NN |
denotes |
RNA |
T36775 |
61039-61047 |
NNS |
denotes |
analyses |
T36776 |
61020-61022 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T36777 |
61022-61025 |
NN |
denotes |
DNA |
T36778 |
61025-61027 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T36779 |
61027-61030 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T36780 |
61031-61038 |
NN |
denotes |
protein |
T36781 |
61047-61188 |
sentence |
denotes |
Total RNA was isolated by the RNAzol method (Tel-Test, Friendswood, Texas) and Northern blotting was performed as previously described [40]. |
T36782 |
61048-61053 |
JJ |
denotes |
Total |
T36783 |
61054-61057 |
NN |
denotes |
RNA |
T36784 |
61062-61070 |
VBN |
denotes |
isolated |
T36785 |
61058-61061 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T36786 |
61071-61073 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T36787 |
61074-61077 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T36788 |
61085-61091 |
NN |
denotes |
method |
T36789 |
61078-61084 |
NN |
denotes |
RNAzol |
T36790 |
61092-61093 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T36791 |
61097-61101 |
NNP |
denotes |
Test |
T36792 |
61093-61096 |
NNP |
denotes |
Tel |
T36793 |
61096-61097 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T36794 |
61101-61103 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T36795 |
61103-61114 |
NNP |
denotes |
Friendswood |
T36796 |
61114-61116 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T36797 |
61116-61121 |
NNP |
denotes |
Texas |
T36798 |
61121-61122 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T36799 |
61123-61126 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T36800 |
61127-61135 |
NNP |
denotes |
Northern |
T36801 |
61136-61144 |
NN |
denotes |
blotting |
T36802 |
61149-61158 |
VBN |
denotes |
performed |
T36803 |
61145-61148 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T36804 |
61159-61161 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T36805 |
61173-61182 |
VBN |
denotes |
described |
T36806 |
61162-61172 |
RB |
denotes |
previously |
T36807 |
61183-61184 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T36808 |
61184-61186 |
CD |
denotes |
40 |
T36809 |
61186-61187 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T36810 |
61187-61188 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T36811 |
61188-61292 |
sentence |
denotes |
The PGC-1β and PRC cDNAs were generous gifts from Bruce Spiegelman and Richard Scarpulla, respectively. |
T36812 |
61189-61192 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T36813 |
61208-61213 |
NNS |
denotes |
cDNAs |
T36814 |
61193-61196 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T36815 |
61197-61199 |
NN |
denotes |
1β |
T36816 |
61196-61197 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T36817 |
61200-61203 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T36818 |
61204-61207 |
NN |
denotes |
PRC |
T36819 |
61214-61218 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T36820 |
61219-61227 |
JJ |
denotes |
generous |
T36821 |
61228-61233 |
NNS |
denotes |
gifts |
T36822 |
61234-61238 |
IN |
denotes |
from |
T36823 |
61239-61244 |
NNP |
denotes |
Bruce |
T36824 |
61245-61255 |
NNP |
denotes |
Spiegelman |
T36825 |
61256-61259 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T36826 |
61260-61267 |
NNP |
denotes |
Richard |
T36827 |
61268-61277 |
NNP |
denotes |
Scarpulla |
T36828 |
61277-61279 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T36829 |
61279-61291 |
RB |
denotes |
respectively |
T36830 |
61291-61292 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T36831 |
61292-61340 |
sentence |
denotes |
The UCP-1 cDNA was a gift from Daniel Ricquier. |
T36832 |
61293-61296 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T36833 |
61303-61307 |
NN |
denotes |
cDNA |
T36834 |
61297-61300 |
NN |
denotes |
UCP |
T36835 |
61300-61301 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T36836 |
61301-61302 |
CD |
denotes |
1 |
T36837 |
61308-61311 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T36838 |
61312-61313 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T36839 |
61314-61318 |
NN |
denotes |
gift |
T36840 |
61319-61323 |
IN |
denotes |
from |
T36841 |
61324-61330 |
NNP |
denotes |
Daniel |
T36842 |
61331-61339 |
NNP |
denotes |
Ricquier |
T36843 |
61339-61340 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T36844 |
61340-61380 |
sentence |
denotes |
RT-PCR was performed as described [41]. |
T36845 |
61341-61343 |
NN |
denotes |
RT |
T36846 |
61344-61347 |
NN |
denotes |
PCR |
T36847 |
61343-61344 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T36848 |
61352-61361 |
VBN |
denotes |
performed |
T36849 |
61348-61351 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T36850 |
61362-61364 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T36851 |
61365-61374 |
VBN |
denotes |
described |
T36852 |
61375-61376 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T36853 |
61376-61378 |
CD |
denotes |
41 |
T36854 |
61378-61379 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T36855 |
61379-61380 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T36856 |
61380-61613 |
sentence |
denotes |
In brief, total RNA isolated from soleus muscle, BAT, and heart of 1–2-mo-old PGC-1α+/+ or PGCα−/− mice was reverse transcribed with Taqman reverse transcription reagents (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, California, United States). |
T36857 |
61381-61383 |
IN |
denotes |
In |
T36858 |
61497-61508 |
VBN |
denotes |
transcribed |
T36859 |
61384-61389 |
JJ |
denotes |
brief |
T36860 |
61389-61391 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T36861 |
61391-61396 |
JJ |
denotes |
total |
T36862 |
61397-61400 |
NN |
denotes |
RNA |
T36863 |
61401-61409 |
VBN |
denotes |
isolated |
T36864 |
61410-61414 |
IN |
denotes |
from |
T36865 |
61415-61421 |
NN |
denotes |
soleus |
T36866 |
61422-61428 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T36867 |
61428-61430 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T36868 |
61430-61433 |
NN |
denotes |
BAT |
T36869 |
61433-61435 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T36870 |
61435-61438 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T36871 |
61439-61444 |
NN |
denotes |
heart |
T36872 |
61445-61447 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T36873 |
61448-61449 |
CD |
denotes |
1 |
T36874 |
61450-61451 |
CD |
denotes |
2 |
T36875 |
61449-61450 |
SYM |
denotes |
– |
T36876 |
61452-61454 |
NN |
denotes |
mo |
T36877 |
61451-61452 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T36878 |
61455-61458 |
JJ |
denotes |
old |
T36879 |
61454-61455 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T36880 |
61480-61484 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T36881 |
61459-61462 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T36882 |
61463-61465 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T36883 |
61462-61463 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T36884 |
61465-61466 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T36885 |
61466-61467 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T36886 |
61467-61468 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T36887 |
61469-61471 |
CC |
denotes |
or |
T36888 |
61472-61476 |
NN |
denotes |
PGCα |
T36889 |
61476-61477 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T36890 |
61477-61478 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T36891 |
61478-61479 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T36892 |
61485-61488 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T36893 |
61489-61496 |
RB |
denotes |
reverse |
T36894 |
61509-61513 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T36895 |
61514-61520 |
NNP |
denotes |
Taqman |
T36896 |
61543-61551 |
NNS |
denotes |
reagents |
T36897 |
61521-61528 |
JJ |
denotes |
reverse |
T36898 |
61529-61542 |
NN |
denotes |
transcription |
T36899 |
61552-61553 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T36900 |
61561-61571 |
NNP |
denotes |
Biosystems |
T36901 |
61553-61560 |
NNP |
denotes |
Applied |
T36902 |
61571-61573 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T36903 |
61573-61579 |
NNP |
denotes |
Foster |
T36904 |
61580-61584 |
NNP |
denotes |
City |
T36905 |
61584-61586 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T36906 |
61586-61596 |
NNP |
denotes |
California |
T36907 |
61596-61598 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T36908 |
61598-61604 |
NNP |
denotes |
United |
T36909 |
61605-61611 |
NNP |
denotes |
States |
T36910 |
61611-61612 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T36911 |
61612-61613 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T36912 |
61613-61754 |
sentence |
denotes |
Reactions were performed in triplicate in 96-well format using Taqman core reagents and a Prism 7500 Sequence Detector (Applied Biosystems). |
T36913 |
61614-61623 |
NNS |
denotes |
Reactions |
T36914 |
61629-61638 |
VBN |
denotes |
performed |
T36915 |
61624-61628 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T36916 |
61639-61641 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T36917 |
61642-61652 |
NN |
denotes |
triplicate |
T36918 |
61653-61655 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T36919 |
61656-61658 |
CD |
denotes |
96 |
T36920 |
61659-61663 |
NN |
denotes |
well |
T36921 |
61658-61659 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T36922 |
61664-61670 |
NN |
denotes |
format |
T36923 |
61671-61676 |
VBG |
denotes |
using |
T36924 |
61677-61683 |
NNP |
denotes |
Taqman |
T36925 |
61689-61697 |
NNS |
denotes |
reagents |
T36926 |
61684-61688 |
NN |
denotes |
core |
T36927 |
61698-61701 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T36928 |
61702-61703 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T36929 |
61724-61732 |
NN |
denotes |
Detector |
T36930 |
61704-61709 |
NN |
denotes |
Prism |
T36931 |
61710-61714 |
CD |
denotes |
7500 |
T36932 |
61715-61723 |
NN |
denotes |
Sequence |
T36933 |
61733-61734 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T36934 |
61742-61752 |
NNP |
denotes |
Biosystems |
T36935 |
61734-61741 |
NNP |
denotes |
Applied |
T36936 |
61752-61753 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T36937 |
61753-61754 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T36938 |
61754-61857 |
sentence |
denotes |
The mouse-specific primer-probe sets used to detect specific gene expression can be found in Table S1. |
T36939 |
61755-61758 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T36940 |
61787-61791 |
NNS |
denotes |
sets |
T36941 |
61759-61764 |
NN |
denotes |
mouse |
T36942 |
61765-61773 |
JJ |
denotes |
specific |
T36943 |
61764-61765 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T36944 |
61774-61780 |
NN |
denotes |
primer |
T36945 |
61781-61786 |
NN |
denotes |
probe |
T36946 |
61780-61781 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T36947 |
61839-61844 |
VBN |
denotes |
found |
T36948 |
61792-61796 |
VBN |
denotes |
used |
T36949 |
61797-61799 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T36950 |
61800-61806 |
VB |
denotes |
detect |
T36951 |
61807-61815 |
JJ |
denotes |
specific |
T36952 |
61821-61831 |
NN |
denotes |
expression |
T36953 |
61816-61820 |
NN |
denotes |
gene |
T36954 |
61832-61835 |
MD |
denotes |
can |
T36955 |
61836-61838 |
VB |
denotes |
be |
T36956 |
61845-61847 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T36957 |
61848-61853 |
NN |
denotes |
Table |
T36958 |
61854-61856 |
NN |
denotes |
S1 |
T36959 |
61856-61857 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T36960 |
61857-61916 |
sentence |
denotes |
The primers for UCP-1 have been previously described [42]. |
T36961 |
61858-61861 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T36962 |
61862-61869 |
NNS |
denotes |
primers |
T36963 |
61901-61910 |
VBN |
denotes |
described |
T36964 |
61870-61873 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T36965 |
61874-61877 |
NN |
denotes |
UCP |
T36966 |
61877-61878 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T36967 |
61878-61879 |
CD |
denotes |
1 |
T36968 |
61880-61884 |
VBP |
denotes |
have |
T36969 |
61885-61889 |
VBN |
denotes |
been |
T36970 |
61890-61900 |
RB |
denotes |
previously |
T36971 |
61911-61912 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T36972 |
61912-61914 |
CD |
denotes |
42 |
T36973 |
61914-61915 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T36974 |
61915-61916 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T36975 |
61916-62063 |
sentence |
denotes |
Actin primer-probe set (Applied Biosystems) was included in a separate well and used to normalize the soleus, BAT, and heart gene expression data. |
T36976 |
61917-61922 |
NN |
denotes |
Actin |
T36977 |
61936-61939 |
NN |
denotes |
set |
T36978 |
61923-61929 |
NN |
denotes |
primer |
T36979 |
61930-61935 |
NN |
denotes |
probe |
T36980 |
61929-61930 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T36981 |
61965-61973 |
VBN |
denotes |
included |
T36982 |
61940-61941 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T36983 |
61949-61959 |
NNP |
denotes |
Biosystems |
T36984 |
61941-61948 |
NNP |
denotes |
Applied |
T36985 |
61959-61960 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T36986 |
61961-61964 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T36987 |
61974-61976 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T36988 |
61977-61978 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T36989 |
61988-61992 |
NN |
denotes |
well |
T36990 |
61979-61987 |
JJ |
denotes |
separate |
T36991 |
61993-61996 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T36992 |
61997-62001 |
VBN |
denotes |
used |
T36993 |
62002-62004 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T36994 |
62005-62014 |
VB |
denotes |
normalize |
T36995 |
62015-62018 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T36996 |
62058-62062 |
NNS |
denotes |
data |
T36997 |
62019-62025 |
NN |
denotes |
soleus |
T36998 |
62025-62027 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T36999 |
62027-62030 |
NN |
denotes |
BAT |
T37000 |
62030-62032 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T37001 |
62032-62035 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T37002 |
62036-62041 |
NN |
denotes |
heart |
T37003 |
62042-62046 |
NN |
denotes |
gene |
T37004 |
62047-62057 |
NN |
denotes |
expression |
T37005 |
62062-62063 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T37006 |
62063-62177 |
sentence |
denotes |
GAPDH Rodent primers (Applied Biosystems) were used in the same well to normalize the liver gene expression data. |
T37007 |
62064-62069 |
NN |
denotes |
GAPDH |
T37008 |
62077-62084 |
NNS |
denotes |
primers |
T37009 |
62070-62076 |
NN |
denotes |
Rodent |
T37010 |
62111-62115 |
VBN |
denotes |
used |
T37011 |
62085-62086 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T37012 |
62094-62104 |
NNP |
denotes |
Biosystems |
T37013 |
62086-62093 |
NNP |
denotes |
Applied |
T37014 |
62104-62105 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T37015 |
62106-62110 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T37016 |
62116-62118 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T37017 |
62119-62122 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T37018 |
62128-62132 |
NN |
denotes |
well |
T37019 |
62123-62127 |
JJ |
denotes |
same |
T37020 |
62133-62135 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T37021 |
62136-62145 |
VB |
denotes |
normalize |
T37022 |
62146-62149 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T37023 |
62172-62176 |
NNS |
denotes |
data |
T37024 |
62150-62155 |
NN |
denotes |
liver |
T37025 |
62156-62160 |
NN |
denotes |
gene |
T37026 |
62161-62171 |
NN |
denotes |
expression |
T37027 |
62176-62177 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T37028 |
62177-62404 |
sentence |
denotes |
For Southern blot studies, 5 μg of genomic DNA was digested with Pst1 or Xba1, electrophoresed on a 0.8% TAE gel and transferred to a Gene Screen (Perkin Elmer, Wellesley, California, United States) membrane for hybridization. |
T37029 |
62178-62181 |
IN |
denotes |
For |
T37030 |
62229-62237 |
VBN |
denotes |
digested |
T37031 |
62182-62190 |
NNP |
denotes |
Southern |
T37032 |
62191-62195 |
NN |
denotes |
blot |
T37033 |
62196-62203 |
NNS |
denotes |
studies |
T37034 |
62203-62205 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T37035 |
62205-62206 |
CD |
denotes |
5 |
T37036 |
62207-62209 |
NN |
denotes |
μg |
T37037 |
62210-62212 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T37038 |
62213-62220 |
JJ |
denotes |
genomic |
T37039 |
62221-62224 |
NN |
denotes |
DNA |
T37040 |
62225-62228 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T37041 |
62238-62242 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T37042 |
62243-62247 |
NN |
denotes |
Pst1 |
T37043 |
62248-62250 |
CC |
denotes |
or |
T37044 |
62251-62255 |
NN |
denotes |
Xba1 |
T37045 |
62255-62257 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T37046 |
62257-62272 |
VBN |
denotes |
electrophoresed |
T37047 |
62273-62275 |
IN |
denotes |
on |
T37048 |
62276-62277 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T37049 |
62287-62290 |
NN |
denotes |
gel |
T37050 |
62278-62281 |
CD |
denotes |
0.8 |
T37051 |
62281-62282 |
NN |
denotes |
% |
T37052 |
62283-62286 |
NN |
denotes |
TAE |
T37053 |
62291-62294 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T37054 |
62295-62306 |
VBN |
denotes |
transferred |
T37055 |
62307-62309 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T37056 |
62310-62311 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T37057 |
62377-62385 |
NN |
denotes |
membrane |
T37058 |
62312-62316 |
NN |
denotes |
Gene |
T37059 |
62317-62323 |
NN |
denotes |
Screen |
T37060 |
62324-62325 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T37061 |
62332-62337 |
NNP |
denotes |
Elmer |
T37062 |
62325-62331 |
NNP |
denotes |
Perkin |
T37063 |
62337-62339 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T37064 |
62339-62348 |
NNP |
denotes |
Wellesley |
T37065 |
62348-62350 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T37066 |
62350-62360 |
NNP |
denotes |
California |
T37067 |
62360-62362 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T37068 |
62362-62368 |
NNP |
denotes |
United |
T37069 |
62369-62375 |
NNP |
denotes |
States |
T37070 |
62375-62376 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T37071 |
62386-62389 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T37072 |
62390-62403 |
NN |
denotes |
hybridization |
T37073 |
62403-62404 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T37074 |
62404-62576 |
sentence |
denotes |
Western blotting was performed as described [43] using the Enhanced Chemiluminescence detection system (Amersham Pharmacia Biotech, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States). |
T37075 |
62405-62412 |
NNP |
denotes |
Western |
T37076 |
62413-62421 |
NN |
denotes |
blotting |
T37077 |
62426-62435 |
VBN |
denotes |
performed |
T37078 |
62422-62425 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T37079 |
62436-62438 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T37080 |
62439-62448 |
VBN |
denotes |
described |
T37081 |
62449-62450 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T37082 |
62450-62452 |
CD |
denotes |
43 |
T37083 |
62452-62453 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T37084 |
62454-62459 |
VBG |
denotes |
using |
T37085 |
62460-62463 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T37086 |
62501-62507 |
NN |
denotes |
system |
T37087 |
62464-62472 |
VBN |
denotes |
Enhanced |
T37088 |
62473-62490 |
NN |
denotes |
Chemiluminescence |
T37089 |
62491-62500 |
NN |
denotes |
detection |
T37090 |
62508-62509 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T37091 |
62528-62535 |
NNP |
denotes |
Biotech |
T37092 |
62509-62517 |
NNP |
denotes |
Amersham |
T37093 |
62518-62527 |
NNP |
denotes |
Pharmacia |
T37094 |
62535-62537 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T37095 |
62537-62547 |
NNP |
denotes |
Piscataway |
T37096 |
62547-62549 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T37097 |
62549-62552 |
NNP |
denotes |
New |
T37098 |
62553-62559 |
NNP |
denotes |
Jersey |
T37099 |
62559-62561 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T37100 |
62561-62567 |
NNP |
denotes |
United |
T37101 |
62568-62574 |
NNP |
denotes |
States |
T37102 |
62574-62575 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T37103 |
62575-62576 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T37104 |
62576-62678 |
sentence |
denotes |
Ponceau S (Sigma, St. Louis, Missouri, United States) staining of the membrane was used as a control. |
T37105 |
62577-62584 |
NNP |
denotes |
Ponceau |
T37106 |
62585-62586 |
NNP |
denotes |
S |
T37107 |
62631-62639 |
NN |
denotes |
staining |
T37108 |
62587-62588 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T37109 |
62588-62593 |
NNP |
denotes |
Sigma |
T37110 |
62593-62595 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T37111 |
62595-62598 |
NNP |
denotes |
St. |
T37112 |
62599-62604 |
NNP |
denotes |
Louis |
T37113 |
62604-62606 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T37114 |
62606-62614 |
NNP |
denotes |
Missouri |
T37115 |
62614-62616 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T37116 |
62616-62622 |
NNP |
denotes |
United |
T37117 |
62623-62629 |
NNP |
denotes |
States |
T37118 |
62629-62630 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T37119 |
62660-62664 |
VBN |
denotes |
used |
T37120 |
62640-62642 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T37121 |
62643-62646 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T37122 |
62647-62655 |
NN |
denotes |
membrane |
T37123 |
62656-62659 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T37124 |
62665-62667 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T37125 |
62668-62669 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T37126 |
62670-62677 |
NN |
denotes |
control |
T37127 |
62677-62678 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T38198 |
62680-62693 |
JJ |
denotes |
Mitochondrial |
T38199 |
62694-62705 |
NN |
denotes |
respiration |
T38200 |
62706-62713 |
NNS |
denotes |
studies |
T38201 |
62713-62875 |
sentence |
denotes |
Mitochondrial respiration was assessed in saponin-skinned soleus fibers with succinate as substrate and in the presence of rotenone as previously described [44]. |
T38202 |
62714-62727 |
JJ |
denotes |
Mitochondrial |
T38203 |
62728-62739 |
NN |
denotes |
respiration |
T38204 |
62744-62752 |
VBN |
denotes |
assessed |
T38205 |
62740-62743 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T38206 |
62753-62755 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T38207 |
62756-62763 |
NN |
denotes |
saponin |
T38208 |
62764-62771 |
VBN |
denotes |
skinned |
T38209 |
62763-62764 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T38210 |
62779-62785 |
NNS |
denotes |
fibers |
T38211 |
62772-62778 |
NN |
denotes |
soleus |
T38212 |
62786-62790 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T38213 |
62791-62800 |
NN |
denotes |
succinate |
T38214 |
62801-62803 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T38215 |
62804-62813 |
NN |
denotes |
substrate |
T38216 |
62814-62817 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T38217 |
62818-62820 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T38218 |
62821-62824 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T38219 |
62825-62833 |
NN |
denotes |
presence |
T38220 |
62834-62836 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T38221 |
62837-62845 |
NN |
denotes |
rotenone |
T38222 |
62846-62848 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T38223 |
62860-62869 |
VBN |
denotes |
described |
T38224 |
62849-62859 |
RB |
denotes |
previously |
T38225 |
62870-62871 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T38226 |
62871-62873 |
CD |
denotes |
44 |
T38227 |
62873-62874 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T38228 |
62874-62875 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T38229 |
62875-62973 |
sentence |
denotes |
In brief, 3-mo-old female mice were anesthetized with chloral hydrate (400 mg/kg of body weight). |
T38230 |
62876-62878 |
IN |
denotes |
In |
T38231 |
62912-62924 |
VBN |
denotes |
anesthetized |
T38232 |
62879-62884 |
JJ |
denotes |
brief |
T38233 |
62884-62886 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T38234 |
62886-62887 |
CD |
denotes |
3 |
T38235 |
62888-62890 |
NN |
denotes |
mo |
T38236 |
62887-62888 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T38237 |
62891-62894 |
JJ |
denotes |
old |
T38238 |
62890-62891 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T38239 |
62902-62906 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T38240 |
62895-62901 |
JJ |
denotes |
female |
T38241 |
62907-62911 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T38242 |
62925-62929 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T38243 |
62930-62937 |
JJ |
denotes |
chloral |
T38244 |
62938-62945 |
NN |
denotes |
hydrate |
T38245 |
62946-62947 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T38246 |
62951-62953 |
NN |
denotes |
mg |
T38247 |
62947-62950 |
CD |
denotes |
400 |
T38248 |
62953-62954 |
SYM |
denotes |
/ |
T38249 |
62954-62956 |
NN |
denotes |
kg |
T38250 |
62957-62959 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T38251 |
62960-62964 |
NN |
denotes |
body |
T38252 |
62965-62971 |
NN |
denotes |
weight |
T38253 |
62971-62972 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T38254 |
62972-62973 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T38255 |
62973-63284 |
sentence |
denotes |
Soleus fibers were separated and then transferred to a buffer (2.77 mM K2Ca-EGTA, 7.23 mM K2EGTA, 6.56 mM MgCl2, 20 mM imidazole, 53.3 mM K-MES, 20 mM taurine, 5.3 mM ATP, 15 mM PCr, 3 mM KH2PO4, 0.5 mM DTT [pH 7.1]) supplemented with 50 μg/ml saponin and permeabilized for 30 min at 4 °C with gentle stirring. |
T38256 |
62974-62980 |
NN |
denotes |
Soleus |
T38257 |
62981-62987 |
NNS |
denotes |
fibers |
T38258 |
62993-63002 |
VBN |
denotes |
separated |
T38259 |
62988-62992 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T38260 |
63003-63006 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T38261 |
63007-63011 |
RB |
denotes |
then |
T38262 |
63012-63023 |
VBN |
denotes |
transferred |
T38263 |
63024-63026 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T38264 |
63027-63028 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T38265 |
63029-63035 |
NN |
denotes |
buffer |
T38266 |
63036-63037 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T38267 |
63037-63041 |
CD |
denotes |
2.77 |
T38268 |
63042-63044 |
NN |
denotes |
mM |
T38269 |
63050-63054 |
NN |
denotes |
EGTA |
T38270 |
63045-63049 |
NN |
denotes |
K2Ca |
T38271 |
63049-63050 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T38272 |
63054-63056 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T38273 |
63056-63060 |
CD |
denotes |
7.23 |
T38274 |
63061-63063 |
NN |
denotes |
mM |
T38275 |
63064-63070 |
NN |
denotes |
K2EGTA |
T38276 |
63070-63072 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T38277 |
63072-63076 |
CD |
denotes |
6.56 |
T38278 |
63077-63079 |
NN |
denotes |
mM |
T38279 |
63080-63085 |
NN |
denotes |
MgCl2 |
T38280 |
63085-63087 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T38281 |
63087-63089 |
CD |
denotes |
20 |
T38282 |
63090-63092 |
NN |
denotes |
mM |
T38283 |
63093-63102 |
NN |
denotes |
imidazole |
T38284 |
63102-63104 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T38285 |
63104-63108 |
CD |
denotes |
53.3 |
T38286 |
63109-63111 |
NN |
denotes |
mM |
T38287 |
63114-63117 |
NN |
denotes |
MES |
T38288 |
63112-63113 |
NN |
denotes |
K |
T38289 |
63113-63114 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T38290 |
63117-63119 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T38291 |
63119-63121 |
CD |
denotes |
20 |
T38292 |
63122-63124 |
NN |
denotes |
mM |
T38293 |
63125-63132 |
NN |
denotes |
taurine |
T38294 |
63132-63134 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T38295 |
63134-63137 |
CD |
denotes |
5.3 |
T38296 |
63138-63140 |
NN |
denotes |
mM |
T38297 |
63141-63144 |
NN |
denotes |
ATP |
T38298 |
63144-63146 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T38299 |
63146-63148 |
CD |
denotes |
15 |
T38300 |
63149-63151 |
NN |
denotes |
mM |
T38301 |
63152-63155 |
NN |
denotes |
PCr |
T38302 |
63155-63157 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T38303 |
63157-63158 |
CD |
denotes |
3 |
T38304 |
63159-63161 |
NN |
denotes |
mM |
T38305 |
63162-63168 |
NN |
denotes |
KH2PO4 |
T38306 |
63168-63170 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T38307 |
63170-63173 |
CD |
denotes |
0.5 |
T38308 |
63174-63176 |
NN |
denotes |
mM |
T38309 |
63177-63180 |
NN |
denotes |
DTT |
T38310 |
63181-63182 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T38311 |
63182-63184 |
NN |
denotes |
pH |
T38312 |
63185-63188 |
CD |
denotes |
7.1 |
T38313 |
63188-63189 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T38314 |
63189-63190 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T38315 |
63191-63203 |
VBN |
denotes |
supplemented |
T38316 |
63204-63208 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T38317 |
63209-63211 |
CD |
denotes |
50 |
T38318 |
63212-63214 |
NN |
denotes |
μg |
T38319 |
63214-63215 |
SYM |
denotes |
/ |
T38320 |
63218-63225 |
NN |
denotes |
saponin |
T38321 |
63215-63217 |
NN |
denotes |
ml |
T38322 |
63226-63229 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T38323 |
63230-63243 |
VBN |
denotes |
permeabilized |
T38324 |
63244-63247 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T38325 |
63248-63250 |
CD |
denotes |
30 |
T38326 |
63251-63254 |
NN |
denotes |
min |
T38327 |
63255-63257 |
IN |
denotes |
at |
T38328 |
63258-63259 |
CD |
denotes |
4 |
T38329 |
63260-63262 |
NN |
denotes |
°C |
T38330 |
63263-63267 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T38331 |
63268-63274 |
JJ |
denotes |
gentle |
T38332 |
63275-63283 |
NN |
denotes |
stirring |
T38333 |
63283-63284 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T38334 |
63284-63475 |
sentence |
denotes |
Fibers were then washed twice for 10 min each (2.77 mM K2Ca-EGTA, 7.23 mM K2EGTA, 1.38 mM MgCl2, 20 mM imidazole, 100 mM K-MES, 20 mM taurine, 3 mM KH2PO4, 0.5 mM DTT, 2 mg/ml BSA [pH 7.1]). |
T38335 |
63285-63291 |
NNS |
denotes |
Fibers |
T38336 |
63302-63308 |
VBN |
denotes |
washed |
T38337 |
63292-63296 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T38338 |
63297-63301 |
RB |
denotes |
then |
T38339 |
63309-63314 |
RB |
denotes |
twice |
T38340 |
63315-63318 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T38341 |
63319-63321 |
CD |
denotes |
10 |
T38342 |
63322-63325 |
NN |
denotes |
min |
T38343 |
63326-63330 |
RB |
denotes |
each |
T38344 |
63331-63332 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T38345 |
63345-63349 |
NN |
denotes |
EGTA |
T38346 |
63332-63336 |
CD |
denotes |
2.77 |
T38347 |
63337-63339 |
NN |
denotes |
mM |
T38348 |
63340-63344 |
NN |
denotes |
K2Ca |
T38349 |
63344-63345 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T38350 |
63349-63351 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T38351 |
63351-63355 |
CD |
denotes |
7.23 |
T38352 |
63356-63358 |
NN |
denotes |
mM |
T38353 |
63359-63365 |
NN |
denotes |
K2EGTA |
T38354 |
63365-63367 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T38355 |
63367-63371 |
CD |
denotes |
1.38 |
T38356 |
63372-63374 |
NN |
denotes |
mM |
T38357 |
63375-63380 |
NN |
denotes |
MgCl2 |
T38358 |
63380-63382 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T38359 |
63382-63384 |
CD |
denotes |
20 |
T38360 |
63385-63387 |
NN |
denotes |
mM |
T38361 |
63388-63397 |
NN |
denotes |
imidazole |
T38362 |
63397-63399 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T38363 |
63399-63402 |
CD |
denotes |
100 |
T38364 |
63403-63405 |
NN |
denotes |
mM |
T38365 |
63408-63411 |
NN |
denotes |
MES |
T38366 |
63406-63407 |
NN |
denotes |
K |
T38367 |
63407-63408 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T38368 |
63411-63413 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T38369 |
63413-63415 |
CD |
denotes |
20 |
T38370 |
63416-63418 |
NN |
denotes |
mM |
T38371 |
63419-63426 |
NN |
denotes |
taurine |
T38372 |
63426-63428 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T38373 |
63428-63429 |
CD |
denotes |
3 |
T38374 |
63430-63432 |
NN |
denotes |
mM |
T38375 |
63433-63439 |
NN |
denotes |
KH2PO4 |
T38376 |
63439-63441 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T38377 |
63441-63444 |
CD |
denotes |
0.5 |
T38378 |
63445-63447 |
NN |
denotes |
mM |
T38379 |
63448-63451 |
NN |
denotes |
DTT |
T38380 |
63451-63453 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T38381 |
63453-63454 |
CD |
denotes |
2 |
T38382 |
63455-63457 |
NN |
denotes |
mg |
T38383 |
63457-63458 |
SYM |
denotes |
/ |
T38384 |
63461-63464 |
NN |
denotes |
BSA |
T38385 |
63458-63460 |
NN |
denotes |
ml |
T38386 |
63465-63466 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T38387 |
63466-63468 |
NN |
denotes |
pH |
T38388 |
63469-63472 |
CD |
denotes |
7.1 |
T38389 |
63472-63473 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T38390 |
63473-63474 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T38391 |
63474-63475 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T38392 |
63475-63600 |
sentence |
denotes |
Respiration was measured at 25 °C using an optical probe (Oxygen FOXY Probe, Ocean Optics, Dunedin, Florida, United States). |
T38393 |
63476-63487 |
NN |
denotes |
Respiration |
T38394 |
63492-63500 |
VBN |
denotes |
measured |
T38395 |
63488-63491 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T38396 |
63501-63503 |
IN |
denotes |
at |
T38397 |
63504-63506 |
CD |
denotes |
25 |
T38398 |
63507-63509 |
NN |
denotes |
°C |
T38399 |
63510-63515 |
VBG |
denotes |
using |
T38400 |
63516-63518 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T38401 |
63527-63532 |
NN |
denotes |
probe |
T38402 |
63519-63526 |
JJ |
denotes |
optical |
T38403 |
63533-63534 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T38404 |
63546-63551 |
NNP |
denotes |
Probe |
T38405 |
63534-63540 |
NNP |
denotes |
Oxygen |
T38406 |
63541-63545 |
NNP |
denotes |
FOXY |
T38407 |
63551-63553 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T38408 |
63553-63558 |
NNP |
denotes |
Ocean |
T38409 |
63559-63565 |
NNP |
denotes |
Optics |
T38410 |
63565-63567 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T38411 |
63567-63574 |
NNP |
denotes |
Dunedin |
T38412 |
63574-63576 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T38413 |
63576-63583 |
NNP |
denotes |
Florida |
T38414 |
63583-63585 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T38415 |
63585-63591 |
NNP |
denotes |
United |
T38416 |
63592-63598 |
NNP |
denotes |
States |
T38417 |
63598-63599 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T38418 |
63599-63600 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T38419 |
63600-63744 |
sentence |
denotes |
Following measurement of basal state 2 respiration, maximal (ADP-stimulated) state 3 respiration was determined by exposing fibers to 1 mM ADP. |
T38420 |
63601-63610 |
VBG |
denotes |
Following |
T38421 |
63702-63712 |
VBN |
denotes |
determined |
T38422 |
63611-63622 |
NN |
denotes |
measurement |
T38423 |
63623-63625 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T38424 |
63626-63631 |
JJ |
denotes |
basal |
T38425 |
63640-63651 |
NN |
denotes |
respiration |
T38426 |
63632-63637 |
NN |
denotes |
state |
T38427 |
63638-63639 |
CD |
denotes |
2 |
T38428 |
63651-63653 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T38429 |
63653-63660 |
JJ |
denotes |
maximal |
T38430 |
63686-63697 |
NN |
denotes |
respiration |
T38431 |
63661-63662 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T38432 |
63662-63665 |
NN |
denotes |
ADP |
T38433 |
63666-63676 |
VBN |
denotes |
stimulated |
T38434 |
63665-63666 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T38435 |
63676-63677 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T38436 |
63678-63683 |
NN |
denotes |
state |
T38437 |
63684-63685 |
CD |
denotes |
3 |
T38438 |
63698-63701 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T38439 |
63713-63715 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T38440 |
63716-63724 |
VBG |
denotes |
exposing |
T38441 |
63725-63731 |
NNS |
denotes |
fibers |
T38442 |
63732-63734 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T38443 |
63735-63736 |
CD |
denotes |
1 |
T38444 |
63737-63739 |
NN |
denotes |
mM |
T38445 |
63740-63743 |
NN |
denotes |
ADP |
T38446 |
63743-63744 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T38447 |
63744-63871 |
sentence |
denotes |
The integrity of the outer mitochondrial membrane was assessed by adding 8 μM exogenous cytochrome c to ADP-stimulated fibers. |
T38448 |
63745-63748 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T38449 |
63749-63758 |
NN |
denotes |
integrity |
T38450 |
63799-63807 |
VBN |
denotes |
assessed |
T38451 |
63759-63761 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T38452 |
63762-63765 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T38453 |
63786-63794 |
NN |
denotes |
membrane |
T38454 |
63766-63771 |
JJ |
denotes |
outer |
T38455 |
63772-63785 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T38456 |
63795-63798 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T38457 |
63808-63810 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T38458 |
63811-63817 |
VBG |
denotes |
adding |
T38459 |
63818-63819 |
CD |
denotes |
8 |
T38460 |
63820-63822 |
NN |
denotes |
μM |
T38461 |
63844-63845 |
NN |
denotes |
c |
T38462 |
63823-63832 |
JJ |
denotes |
exogenous |
T38463 |
63833-63843 |
NN |
denotes |
cytochrome |
T38464 |
63846-63848 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T38465 |
63849-63852 |
NN |
denotes |
ADP |
T38466 |
63853-63863 |
VBN |
denotes |
stimulated |
T38467 |
63852-63853 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T38468 |
63864-63870 |
NNS |
denotes |
fibers |
T38469 |
63870-63871 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T38470 |
63871-63961 |
sentence |
denotes |
State 4 respiration (uncoupled) was evaluated following addition of oligomycin (1 μg/ml). |
T38471 |
63872-63877 |
NN |
denotes |
State |
T38472 |
63880-63891 |
NN |
denotes |
respiration |
T38473 |
63878-63879 |
CD |
denotes |
4 |
T38474 |
63908-63917 |
VBN |
denotes |
evaluated |
T38475 |
63892-63893 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T38476 |
63893-63902 |
JJ |
denotes |
uncoupled |
T38477 |
63902-63903 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T38478 |
63904-63907 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T38479 |
63918-63927 |
VBG |
denotes |
following |
T38480 |
63928-63936 |
NN |
denotes |
addition |
T38481 |
63937-63939 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T38482 |
63940-63950 |
NN |
denotes |
oligomycin |
T38483 |
63951-63952 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T38484 |
63954-63956 |
NN |
denotes |
μg |
T38485 |
63952-63953 |
CD |
denotes |
1 |
T38486 |
63956-63957 |
SYM |
denotes |
/ |
T38487 |
63957-63959 |
NN |
denotes |
ml |
T38488 |
63959-63960 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T38489 |
63960-63961 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T38490 |
63961-64057 |
sentence |
denotes |
The solubility of oxygen in the respiration buffer at 25 °C was taken as 246.87 nmol O2 · ml−1. |
T38491 |
63962-63965 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T38492 |
63966-63976 |
NN |
denotes |
solubility |
T38493 |
64026-64031 |
VBN |
denotes |
taken |
T38494 |
63977-63979 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T38495 |
63980-63986 |
NN |
denotes |
oxygen |
T38496 |
63987-63989 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T38497 |
63990-63993 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T38498 |
64006-64012 |
NN |
denotes |
buffer |
T38499 |
63994-64005 |
NN |
denotes |
respiration |
T38500 |
64013-64015 |
IN |
denotes |
at |
T38501 |
64016-64018 |
CD |
denotes |
25 |
T38502 |
64019-64021 |
NN |
denotes |
°C |
T38503 |
64022-64025 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T38504 |
64032-64034 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T38505 |
64035-64041 |
CD |
denotes |
246.87 |
T38506 |
64042-64046 |
NN |
denotes |
nmol |
T38507 |
64047-64049 |
NN |
denotes |
O2 |
T38508 |
64050-64051 |
SYM |
denotes |
· |
T38509 |
64052-64054 |
NN |
denotes |
ml |
T38510 |
64054-64055 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T38511 |
64055-64056 |
CD |
denotes |
1 |
T38512 |
64056-64057 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T38513 |
64057-64119 |
sentence |
denotes |
Respiration rates were expressed as nmol O2 · min−1 · mgdw−1. |
T38514 |
64058-64069 |
NN |
denotes |
Respiration |
T38515 |
64070-64075 |
NNS |
denotes |
rates |
T38516 |
64081-64090 |
VBN |
denotes |
expressed |
T38517 |
64076-64080 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T38518 |
64091-64093 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T38519 |
64094-64098 |
NN |
denotes |
nmol |
T38520 |
64099-64101 |
NN |
denotes |
O2 |
T38521 |
64102-64103 |
SYM |
denotes |
· |
T38522 |
64104-64107 |
NN |
denotes |
min |
T38523 |
64107-64108 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T38524 |
64108-64109 |
CD |
denotes |
1 |
T38525 |
64110-64111 |
SYM |
denotes |
· |
T38526 |
64112-64116 |
NN |
denotes |
mgdw |
T38527 |
64116-64117 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T38528 |
64117-64118 |
CD |
denotes |
1 |
T38529 |
64118-64119 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T38945 |
64121-64128 |
NN |
denotes |
Insulin |
T38946 |
64141-64150 |
NN |
denotes |
tolerance |
T38947 |
64129-64132 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T38948 |
64133-64140 |
NN |
denotes |
glucose |
T38949 |
64151-64156 |
NNS |
denotes |
tests |
T38950 |
64156-64226 |
sentence |
denotes |
Glucose and Insulin tolerance tests were performed as described [35]. |
T38951 |
64157-64164 |
NN |
denotes |
Glucose |
T38952 |
64177-64186 |
NN |
denotes |
tolerance |
T38953 |
64165-64168 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T38954 |
64169-64176 |
NN |
denotes |
Insulin |
T38955 |
64187-64192 |
NNS |
denotes |
tests |
T38956 |
64198-64207 |
VBN |
denotes |
performed |
T38957 |
64193-64197 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T38958 |
64208-64210 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T38959 |
64211-64220 |
VBN |
denotes |
described |
T38960 |
64221-64222 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T38961 |
64222-64224 |
CD |
denotes |
35 |
T38962 |
64224-64225 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T38963 |
64225-64226 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T38964 |
64226-64291 |
sentence |
denotes |
Prior to studies, mice were fasted overnight (GTT) or 6 h (ITT). |
T38965 |
64227-64232 |
JJ |
denotes |
Prior |
T38966 |
64233-64235 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T38967 |
64255-64261 |
VBN |
denotes |
fasted |
T38968 |
64236-64243 |
NNS |
denotes |
studies |
T38969 |
64243-64245 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T38970 |
64245-64249 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T38971 |
64250-64254 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T38972 |
64262-64271 |
RB |
denotes |
overnight |
T38973 |
64283-64284 |
NN |
denotes |
h |
T38974 |
64272-64273 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T38975 |
64273-64276 |
NN |
denotes |
GTT |
T38976 |
64276-64277 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T38977 |
64278-64280 |
CC |
denotes |
or |
T38978 |
64281-64282 |
CD |
denotes |
6 |
T38979 |
64285-64286 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T38980 |
64286-64289 |
NN |
denotes |
ITT |
T38981 |
64289-64290 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T38982 |
64290-64291 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T38983 |
64291-64369 |
sentence |
denotes |
In GTT studies, mice were injected with a 10% solution of D-glucose (1 g/kg). |
T38984 |
64292-64294 |
IN |
denotes |
In |
T38985 |
64318-64326 |
VBN |
denotes |
injected |
T38986 |
64295-64298 |
NN |
denotes |
GTT |
T38987 |
64299-64306 |
NNS |
denotes |
studies |
T38988 |
64306-64308 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T38989 |
64308-64312 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T38990 |
64313-64317 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T38991 |
64327-64331 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T38992 |
64332-64333 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T38993 |
64338-64346 |
NN |
denotes |
solution |
T38994 |
64334-64336 |
CD |
denotes |
10 |
T38995 |
64336-64337 |
NN |
denotes |
% |
T38996 |
64347-64349 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T38997 |
64350-64351 |
NN |
denotes |
D |
T38998 |
64352-64359 |
NN |
denotes |
glucose |
T38999 |
64351-64352 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T39000 |
64360-64361 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T39001 |
64363-64364 |
NN |
denotes |
g |
T39002 |
64361-64362 |
CD |
denotes |
1 |
T39003 |
64364-64365 |
SYM |
denotes |
/ |
T39004 |
64365-64367 |
NN |
denotes |
kg |
T39005 |
64367-64368 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T39006 |
64368-64369 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T39007 |
64369-64526 |
sentence |
denotes |
For ITT, mice received an IP injection of human regular insulin (Eli Lilly, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States) at a dose of 0.75 units/kg of body weight. |
T39008 |
64370-64373 |
IN |
denotes |
For |
T39009 |
64384-64392 |
VBD |
denotes |
received |
T39010 |
64374-64377 |
NN |
denotes |
ITT |
T39011 |
64377-64379 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T39012 |
64379-64383 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T39013 |
64393-64395 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T39014 |
64399-64408 |
NN |
denotes |
injection |
T39015 |
64396-64398 |
NN |
denotes |
IP |
T39016 |
64409-64411 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T39017 |
64412-64417 |
JJ |
denotes |
human |
T39018 |
64426-64433 |
NN |
denotes |
insulin |
T39019 |
64418-64425 |
JJ |
denotes |
regular |
T39020 |
64434-64435 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T39021 |
64439-64444 |
NNP |
denotes |
Lilly |
T39022 |
64435-64438 |
NNP |
denotes |
Eli |
T39023 |
64444-64446 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T39024 |
64446-64458 |
NNP |
denotes |
Indianapolis |
T39025 |
64458-64460 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T39026 |
64460-64467 |
NNP |
denotes |
Indiana |
T39027 |
64467-64469 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T39028 |
64469-64475 |
NNP |
denotes |
United |
T39029 |
64476-64482 |
NNP |
denotes |
States |
T39030 |
64482-64483 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T39031 |
64484-64486 |
IN |
denotes |
at |
T39032 |
64487-64488 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T39033 |
64489-64493 |
NN |
denotes |
dose |
T39034 |
64494-64496 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T39035 |
64497-64501 |
CD |
denotes |
0.75 |
T39036 |
64502-64507 |
NNS |
denotes |
units |
T39037 |
64507-64508 |
SYM |
denotes |
/ |
T39038 |
64508-64510 |
NN |
denotes |
kg |
T39039 |
64511-64513 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T39040 |
64514-64518 |
NN |
denotes |
body |
T39041 |
64519-64525 |
NN |
denotes |
weight |
T39042 |
64525-64526 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T39043 |
64526-64662 |
sentence |
denotes |
Tail blood glucose was determined at 0, 30, 60, and 120 min after challenge using a B-GLUCOSE Analyzer (Hemacue AB, Angelholm, Sweden). |
T39044 |
64527-64531 |
NN |
denotes |
Tail |
T39045 |
64538-64545 |
NN |
denotes |
glucose |
T39046 |
64532-64537 |
NN |
denotes |
blood |
T39047 |
64550-64560 |
VBN |
denotes |
determined |
T39048 |
64546-64549 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T39049 |
64561-64563 |
IN |
denotes |
at |
T39050 |
64564-64565 |
CD |
denotes |
0 |
T39051 |
64583-64586 |
NN |
denotes |
min |
T39052 |
64565-64567 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T39053 |
64567-64569 |
CD |
denotes |
30 |
T39054 |
64569-64571 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T39055 |
64571-64573 |
CD |
denotes |
60 |
T39056 |
64573-64575 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T39057 |
64575-64578 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T39058 |
64579-64582 |
CD |
denotes |
120 |
T39059 |
64587-64592 |
IN |
denotes |
after |
T39060 |
64593-64602 |
NN |
denotes |
challenge |
T39061 |
64603-64608 |
VBG |
denotes |
using |
T39062 |
64609-64610 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T39063 |
64621-64629 |
NNP |
denotes |
Analyzer |
T39064 |
64611-64612 |
NNP |
denotes |
B |
T39065 |
64613-64620 |
NNP |
denotes |
GLUCOSE |
T39066 |
64612-64613 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T39067 |
64630-64631 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T39068 |
64639-64641 |
NNP |
denotes |
AB |
T39069 |
64631-64638 |
NNP |
denotes |
Hemacue |
T39070 |
64641-64643 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T39071 |
64643-64652 |
NNP |
denotes |
Angelholm |
T39072 |
64652-64654 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T39073 |
64654-64660 |
NNP |
denotes |
Sweden |
T39074 |
64660-64661 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T39075 |
64661-64662 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T45745 |
72807-72816 |
VBN |
denotes |
described |
T45746 |
72796-72806 |
RB |
denotes |
previously |
T39319 |
64664-64672 |
JJ |
denotes |
Indirect |
T39320 |
64673-64684 |
NN |
denotes |
calorimetry |
T39321 |
64684-64797 |
sentence |
denotes |
Oxygen consumption rates (VO2) of 5-wk-old female mice were measured using a Columbus Instruments Oxymax System. |
T39322 |
64685-64691 |
NN |
denotes |
Oxygen |
T39323 |
64704-64709 |
NNS |
denotes |
rates |
T39324 |
64692-64703 |
NN |
denotes |
consumption |
T39325 |
64745-64753 |
VBN |
denotes |
measured |
T39326 |
64710-64711 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T39327 |
64711-64714 |
NN |
denotes |
VO2 |
T39328 |
64714-64715 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T39329 |
64716-64718 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T39330 |
64719-64720 |
CD |
denotes |
5 |
T39331 |
64721-64723 |
NN |
denotes |
wk |
T39332 |
64720-64721 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T39333 |
64724-64727 |
JJ |
denotes |
old |
T39334 |
64723-64724 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T39335 |
64735-64739 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T39336 |
64728-64734 |
JJ |
denotes |
female |
T39337 |
64740-64744 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T39338 |
64754-64759 |
VBG |
denotes |
using |
T39339 |
64760-64761 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T39340 |
64790-64796 |
NNP |
denotes |
System |
T39341 |
64762-64770 |
NNP |
denotes |
Columbus |
T39342 |
64771-64782 |
NNPS |
denotes |
Instruments |
T39343 |
64783-64789 |
NNP |
denotes |
Oxymax |
T39344 |
64796-64797 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T39345 |
64797-64873 |
sentence |
denotes |
Resting baseline oxygen consumption rates were assessed for at least 1.0 h. |
T39346 |
64798-64805 |
NN |
denotes |
Resting |
T39347 |
64834-64839 |
NNS |
denotes |
rates |
T39348 |
64806-64814 |
NN |
denotes |
baseline |
T39349 |
64815-64821 |
NN |
denotes |
oxygen |
T39350 |
64822-64833 |
NN |
denotes |
consumption |
T39351 |
64845-64853 |
VBN |
denotes |
assessed |
T39352 |
64840-64844 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T39353 |
64854-64857 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T39354 |
64858-64860 |
RB |
denotes |
at |
T39355 |
64861-64866 |
RBS |
denotes |
least |
T39356 |
64867-64870 |
CD |
denotes |
1.0 |
T39357 |
64871-64872 |
NN |
denotes |
h |
T39358 |
64872-64873 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T39359 |
64873-65008 |
sentence |
denotes |
For β3-adrenergic stimulation studies, BRL 37344 (Sigma) was dissolved in sterile saline and injected IP (2 μg/g of body weight) [45]. |
T39360 |
64874-64877 |
IN |
denotes |
For |
T39361 |
64935-64944 |
VBN |
denotes |
dissolved |
T39362 |
64878-64880 |
NN |
denotes |
β3 |
T39363 |
64881-64891 |
JJ |
denotes |
adrenergic |
T39364 |
64880-64881 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T39365 |
64904-64911 |
NNS |
denotes |
studies |
T39366 |
64892-64903 |
NN |
denotes |
stimulation |
T39367 |
64911-64913 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T39368 |
64913-64916 |
NN |
denotes |
BRL |
T39369 |
64917-64922 |
CD |
denotes |
37344 |
T39370 |
64923-64924 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T39371 |
64924-64929 |
NNP |
denotes |
Sigma |
T39372 |
64929-64930 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T39373 |
64931-64934 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T39374 |
64945-64947 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T39375 |
64948-64955 |
JJ |
denotes |
sterile |
T39376 |
64956-64962 |
NN |
denotes |
saline |
T39377 |
64963-64966 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T39378 |
64967-64975 |
VBN |
denotes |
injected |
T39379 |
64976-64978 |
RB |
denotes |
IP |
T39380 |
64979-64980 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T39381 |
64982-64984 |
NN |
denotes |
μg |
T39382 |
64980-64981 |
CD |
denotes |
2 |
T39383 |
64984-64985 |
SYM |
denotes |
/ |
T39384 |
64985-64986 |
NN |
denotes |
g |
T39385 |
64987-64989 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T39386 |
64990-64994 |
NN |
denotes |
body |
T39387 |
64995-65001 |
NN |
denotes |
weight |
T39388 |
65001-65002 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T39389 |
65003-65004 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T39390 |
65004-65006 |
CD |
denotes |
45 |
T39391 |
65006-65007 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T39392 |
65007-65008 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T39393 |
65008-65137 |
sentence |
denotes |
Postagonist assessment of oxygen consumption was recorded for an additional 1.0 h, with data collected at the 40-min time point. |
T39394 |
65009-65020 |
NN |
denotes |
Postagonist |
T39395 |
65021-65031 |
NN |
denotes |
assessment |
T39396 |
65058-65066 |
VBN |
denotes |
recorded |
T39397 |
65032-65034 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T39398 |
65035-65041 |
NN |
denotes |
oxygen |
T39399 |
65042-65053 |
NN |
denotes |
consumption |
T39400 |
65054-65057 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T39401 |
65067-65070 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T39402 |
65071-65073 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T39403 |
65089-65090 |
NN |
denotes |
h |
T39404 |
65074-65084 |
JJ |
denotes |
additional |
T39405 |
65085-65088 |
CD |
denotes |
1.0 |
T39406 |
65090-65092 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T39407 |
65092-65096 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T39408 |
65097-65101 |
NNS |
denotes |
data |
T39409 |
65102-65111 |
VBN |
denotes |
collected |
T39410 |
65112-65114 |
IN |
denotes |
at |
T39411 |
65115-65118 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T39412 |
65131-65136 |
NN |
denotes |
point |
T39413 |
65119-65121 |
CD |
denotes |
40 |
T39414 |
65122-65125 |
NN |
denotes |
min |
T39415 |
65121-65122 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T39416 |
65126-65130 |
NN |
denotes |
time |
T39417 |
65136-65137 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T40046 |
65139-65148 |
NN |
denotes |
Histology |
T40047 |
65149-65152 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T40048 |
65153-65161 |
NN |
denotes |
electron |
T40049 |
65162-65172 |
NN |
denotes |
microscopy |
T40050 |
65172-65310 |
sentence |
denotes |
Soleus muscle and liver were dissected and fixed overnight in 2% glutaraldehyde, 1% paraformaldehyde, and 0.08% sodium cacodylate buffer. |
T40051 |
65173-65179 |
NN |
denotes |
Soleus |
T40052 |
65180-65186 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T40053 |
65202-65211 |
VBN |
denotes |
dissected |
T40054 |
65187-65190 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T40055 |
65191-65196 |
NN |
denotes |
liver |
T40056 |
65197-65201 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T40057 |
65212-65215 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T40058 |
65216-65221 |
VBN |
denotes |
fixed |
T40059 |
65222-65231 |
RB |
denotes |
overnight |
T40060 |
65232-65234 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T40061 |
65235-65236 |
CD |
denotes |
2 |
T40062 |
65236-65237 |
NN |
denotes |
% |
T40063 |
65238-65252 |
NN |
denotes |
glutaraldehyde |
T40064 |
65303-65309 |
NN |
denotes |
buffer |
T40065 |
65252-65254 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T40066 |
65254-65255 |
CD |
denotes |
1 |
T40067 |
65255-65256 |
NN |
denotes |
% |
T40068 |
65257-65273 |
NN |
denotes |
paraformaldehyde |
T40069 |
65273-65275 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T40070 |
65275-65278 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T40071 |
65279-65283 |
CD |
denotes |
0.08 |
T40072 |
65283-65284 |
NN |
denotes |
% |
T40073 |
65285-65291 |
NN |
denotes |
sodium |
T40074 |
65292-65302 |
NN |
denotes |
cacodylate |
T40075 |
65309-65310 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T40076 |
65310-65466 |
sentence |
denotes |
The tissues were postfixed in 1% osmium tetroxide, dehydrated in graded ethanol, embedded in Poly Bed plastic resin, and sectioned for electron microscopy. |
T40077 |
65311-65314 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T40078 |
65315-65322 |
NNS |
denotes |
tissues |
T40079 |
65328-65337 |
VBN |
denotes |
postfixed |
T40080 |
65323-65327 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T40081 |
65338-65340 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T40082 |
65341-65342 |
CD |
denotes |
1 |
T40083 |
65342-65343 |
NN |
denotes |
% |
T40084 |
65351-65360 |
NN |
denotes |
tetroxide |
T40085 |
65344-65350 |
NN |
denotes |
osmium |
T40086 |
65360-65362 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T40087 |
65362-65372 |
VBN |
denotes |
dehydrated |
T40088 |
65373-65375 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T40089 |
65376-65382 |
JJ |
denotes |
graded |
T40090 |
65383-65390 |
NN |
denotes |
ethanol |
T40091 |
65390-65392 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T40092 |
65392-65400 |
VBN |
denotes |
embedded |
T40093 |
65401-65403 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T40094 |
65404-65408 |
NNP |
denotes |
Poly |
T40095 |
65409-65412 |
NNP |
denotes |
Bed |
T40096 |
65421-65426 |
NN |
denotes |
resin |
T40097 |
65413-65420 |
NN |
denotes |
plastic |
T40098 |
65426-65428 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T40099 |
65428-65431 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T40100 |
65432-65441 |
VBN |
denotes |
sectioned |
T40101 |
65442-65445 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T40102 |
65446-65454 |
NN |
denotes |
electron |
T40103 |
65455-65465 |
NN |
denotes |
microscopy |
T40104 |
65465-65466 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T45747 |
72817-72821 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T40105 |
65466-65614 |
sentence |
denotes |
Cardiac and skeletal muscle mitochondrial and myofibrillar volume densities were determined from electron micrographs as described previously [10]. |
T40106 |
65467-65474 |
JJ |
denotes |
Cardiac |
T40107 |
65488-65494 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T40108 |
65475-65478 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T40109 |
65479-65487 |
JJ |
denotes |
skeletal |
T40110 |
65533-65542 |
NNS |
denotes |
densities |
T40111 |
65495-65508 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T40112 |
65509-65512 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T40113 |
65513-65525 |
JJ |
denotes |
myofibrillar |
T40114 |
65526-65532 |
NN |
denotes |
volume |
T40115 |
65548-65558 |
VBN |
denotes |
determined |
T40116 |
65543-65547 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T40117 |
65559-65563 |
IN |
denotes |
from |
T40118 |
65564-65572 |
NN |
denotes |
electron |
T40119 |
65573-65584 |
NNS |
denotes |
micrographs |
T40120 |
65585-65587 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T40121 |
65588-65597 |
VBN |
denotes |
described |
T40122 |
65598-65608 |
RB |
denotes |
previously |
T40123 |
65609-65610 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T40124 |
65610-65612 |
CD |
denotes |
10 |
T40125 |
65612-65613 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T40126 |
65613-65614 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T40127 |
65614-65720 |
sentence |
denotes |
For each animal, three different fields at the magnification of 7500× were quantified in blinded fashion. |
T40128 |
65615-65618 |
IN |
denotes |
For |
T40129 |
65690-65700 |
VBN |
denotes |
quantified |
T40130 |
65619-65623 |
DT |
denotes |
each |
T40131 |
65624-65630 |
NN |
denotes |
animal |
T40132 |
65630-65632 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T40133 |
65632-65637 |
CD |
denotes |
three |
T40134 |
65648-65654 |
NNS |
denotes |
fields |
T40135 |
65638-65647 |
JJ |
denotes |
different |
T40136 |
65655-65657 |
IN |
denotes |
at |
T40137 |
65658-65661 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T40138 |
65662-65675 |
NN |
denotes |
magnification |
T40139 |
65676-65678 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T40140 |
65679-65683 |
NN |
denotes |
7500 |
T40141 |
65683-65684 |
SYM |
denotes |
× |
T40142 |
65685-65689 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T40143 |
65701-65703 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T40144 |
65704-65711 |
JJ |
denotes |
blinded |
T40145 |
65712-65719 |
NN |
denotes |
fashion |
T40146 |
65719-65720 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T40147 |
65720-65808 |
sentence |
denotes |
Data were expressed as mean volume density of mitochondria or myofibrils in each field. |
T40148 |
65721-65725 |
NNS |
denotes |
Data |
T40149 |
65731-65740 |
VBN |
denotes |
expressed |
T40150 |
65726-65730 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T40151 |
65741-65743 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T40152 |
65744-65748 |
NN |
denotes |
mean |
T40153 |
65756-65763 |
NN |
denotes |
density |
T40154 |
65749-65755 |
NN |
denotes |
volume |
T40155 |
65764-65766 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T40156 |
65767-65779 |
NNS |
denotes |
mitochondria |
T40157 |
65780-65782 |
CC |
denotes |
or |
T40158 |
65783-65793 |
NNS |
denotes |
myofibrils |
T40159 |
65794-65796 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T40160 |
65797-65801 |
DT |
denotes |
each |
T40161 |
65802-65807 |
NN |
denotes |
field |
T40162 |
65807-65808 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T40163 |
65808-65906 |
sentence |
denotes |
For electron microscopic analysis of the brain, tissue was prepared as previously described [46]. |
T40164 |
65809-65812 |
IN |
denotes |
For |
T40165 |
65868-65876 |
VBN |
denotes |
prepared |
T40166 |
65813-65821 |
NN |
denotes |
electron |
T40167 |
65834-65842 |
NN |
denotes |
analysis |
T40168 |
65822-65833 |
JJ |
denotes |
microscopic |
T40169 |
65843-65845 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T40170 |
65846-65849 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T40171 |
65850-65855 |
NN |
denotes |
brain |
T40172 |
65855-65857 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T40173 |
65857-65863 |
NN |
denotes |
tissue |
T40174 |
65864-65867 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T40175 |
65877-65879 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T40176 |
65891-65900 |
VBN |
denotes |
described |
T40177 |
65880-65890 |
RB |
denotes |
previously |
T40178 |
65901-65902 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T40179 |
65902-65904 |
CD |
denotes |
46 |
T40180 |
65904-65905 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T40181 |
65905-65906 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T40182 |
65906-66071 |
sentence |
denotes |
Ultrathin sections of cortex were cut onto formvar-coated slot grids stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate and examined with a JEOL 1200 electron microscope. |
T40183 |
65907-65916 |
JJ |
denotes |
Ultrathin |
T40184 |
65917-65925 |
NNS |
denotes |
sections |
T40185 |
65941-65944 |
VBN |
denotes |
cut |
T40186 |
65926-65928 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T40187 |
65929-65935 |
NN |
denotes |
cortex |
T40188 |
65936-65940 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T40189 |
65945-65949 |
IN |
denotes |
onto |
T40190 |
65950-65957 |
NN |
denotes |
formvar |
T40191 |
65958-65964 |
VBN |
denotes |
coated |
T40192 |
65957-65958 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T40193 |
65970-65975 |
NNS |
denotes |
grids |
T40194 |
65965-65969 |
NN |
denotes |
slot |
T40195 |
65976-65983 |
VBN |
denotes |
stained |
T40196 |
65984-65988 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T40197 |
65989-65995 |
NN |
denotes |
uranyl |
T40198 |
65996-66003 |
NN |
denotes |
acetate |
T40199 |
66004-66007 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T40200 |
66008-66012 |
NN |
denotes |
lead |
T40201 |
66013-66020 |
NN |
denotes |
citrate |
T40202 |
66021-66024 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T40203 |
66025-66033 |
VBN |
denotes |
examined |
T40204 |
66034-66038 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T40205 |
66039-66040 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T40206 |
66060-66070 |
NN |
denotes |
microscope |
T40207 |
66041-66045 |
NNP |
denotes |
JEOL |
T40208 |
66046-66050 |
CD |
denotes |
1200 |
T40209 |
66051-66059 |
NN |
denotes |
electron |
T40210 |
66070-66071 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T40211 |
66071-66279 |
sentence |
denotes |
For H&E staining, sections of brain, including cerebral cortex, brainstem, and cerebellum, were dehydrated in graded concentrations of alcohol and embedded in paraffin from which 5-μm sections were prepared. |
T40212 |
66072-66075 |
IN |
denotes |
For |
T40213 |
66168-66178 |
VBN |
denotes |
dehydrated |
T40214 |
66076-66077 |
NN |
denotes |
H |
T40215 |
66080-66088 |
NN |
denotes |
staining |
T40216 |
66077-66078 |
CC |
denotes |
& |
T40217 |
66078-66079 |
NN |
denotes |
E |
T40218 |
66088-66090 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T40219 |
66090-66098 |
NNS |
denotes |
sections |
T40220 |
66099-66101 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T40221 |
66102-66107 |
NN |
denotes |
brain |
T40222 |
66107-66109 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T40223 |
66109-66118 |
VBG |
denotes |
including |
T40224 |
66119-66127 |
JJ |
denotes |
cerebral |
T40225 |
66128-66134 |
NN |
denotes |
cortex |
T40226 |
66134-66136 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T40227 |
66136-66145 |
NN |
denotes |
brainstem |
T40228 |
66145-66147 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T40229 |
66147-66150 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T40230 |
66151-66161 |
NN |
denotes |
cerebellum |
T40231 |
66161-66163 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T40232 |
66163-66167 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T40233 |
66179-66181 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T40234 |
66182-66188 |
VBN |
denotes |
graded |
T40235 |
66189-66203 |
NNS |
denotes |
concentrations |
T40236 |
66204-66206 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T40237 |
66207-66214 |
NN |
denotes |
alcohol |
T40238 |
66215-66218 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T40239 |
66219-66227 |
VBN |
denotes |
embedded |
T40240 |
66228-66230 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T40241 |
66231-66239 |
NN |
denotes |
paraffin |
T40242 |
66240-66244 |
IN |
denotes |
from |
T40243 |
66270-66278 |
VBN |
denotes |
prepared |
T40244 |
66245-66250 |
WDT |
denotes |
which |
T40245 |
66251-66252 |
CD |
denotes |
5 |
T40246 |
66253-66255 |
NN |
denotes |
μm |
T40247 |
66252-66253 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T40248 |
66256-66264 |
NNS |
denotes |
sections |
T40249 |
66265-66269 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T40250 |
66278-66279 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T40760 |
66281-66288 |
JJ |
denotes |
Primary |
T40761 |
66306-66313 |
NNS |
denotes |
studies |
T40762 |
66289-66294 |
NN |
denotes |
mouse |
T40763 |
66295-66305 |
NN |
denotes |
hepatocyte |
T40764 |
66313-66435 |
sentence |
denotes |
Primary cultures of mouse hepatocytes were prepared from male PGC-1α+/+ and PGC-1α−/− mice essentially as described [47]. |
T40765 |
66314-66321 |
JJ |
denotes |
Primary |
T40766 |
66322-66330 |
NNS |
denotes |
cultures |
T40767 |
66357-66365 |
VBN |
denotes |
prepared |
T40768 |
66331-66333 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T40769 |
66334-66339 |
NN |
denotes |
mouse |
T40770 |
66340-66351 |
NNS |
denotes |
hepatocytes |
T40771 |
66352-66356 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T40772 |
66366-66370 |
IN |
denotes |
from |
T40773 |
66371-66375 |
JJ |
denotes |
male |
T40774 |
66400-66404 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T40775 |
66376-66379 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T40776 |
66380-66382 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T40777 |
66379-66380 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T40778 |
66382-66383 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T40779 |
66383-66384 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T40780 |
66384-66385 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T40781 |
66386-66389 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T40782 |
66390-66393 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T40783 |
66394-66396 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T40784 |
66393-66394 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T40785 |
66396-66397 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T40786 |
66397-66398 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T40787 |
66398-66399 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T40788 |
66405-66416 |
RB |
denotes |
essentially |
T40789 |
66420-66429 |
VBN |
denotes |
described |
T40790 |
66417-66419 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T40791 |
66430-66431 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T40792 |
66431-66433 |
CD |
denotes |
47 |
T40793 |
66433-66434 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T40794 |
66434-66435 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T40795 |
66435-66545 |
sentence |
denotes |
Fatty acid oxidation and triglyceride synthesis experiments were commenced 2–3 h after the cells were plated. |
T40796 |
66436-66441 |
JJ |
denotes |
Fatty |
T40797 |
66442-66446 |
NN |
denotes |
acid |
T40798 |
66447-66456 |
NN |
denotes |
oxidation |
T40799 |
66484-66495 |
NNS |
denotes |
experiments |
T40800 |
66457-66460 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T40801 |
66461-66473 |
NN |
denotes |
triglyceride |
T40802 |
66474-66483 |
NN |
denotes |
synthesis |
T40803 |
66501-66510 |
VBN |
denotes |
commenced |
T40804 |
66496-66500 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T40805 |
66511-66512 |
CD |
denotes |
2 |
T40806 |
66513-66514 |
CD |
denotes |
3 |
T40807 |
66512-66513 |
SYM |
denotes |
– |
T40808 |
66515-66516 |
NN |
denotes |
h |
T40809 |
66538-66544 |
VBN |
denotes |
plated |
T40810 |
66517-66522 |
IN |
denotes |
after |
T40811 |
66523-66526 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T40812 |
66527-66532 |
NNS |
denotes |
cells |
T40813 |
66533-66537 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T40814 |
66544-66545 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T40815 |
66545-66622 |
sentence |
denotes |
Triglyceride synthesis studies, were performed as previously described [47]. |
T40816 |
66546-66558 |
NN |
denotes |
Triglyceride |
T40817 |
66559-66568 |
NN |
denotes |
synthesis |
T40818 |
66569-66576 |
NNS |
denotes |
studies |
T40819 |
66583-66592 |
VBN |
denotes |
performed |
T40820 |
66576-66578 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T40821 |
66578-66582 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T40822 |
66593-66595 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T40823 |
66607-66616 |
VBN |
denotes |
described |
T40824 |
66596-66606 |
RB |
denotes |
previously |
T40825 |
66617-66618 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T40826 |
66618-66620 |
CD |
denotes |
47 |
T40827 |
66620-66621 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T40828 |
66621-66622 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T40829 |
66622-66762 |
sentence |
denotes |
Palmitate oxidation rates were quantified using [9,10-3H]-palmitic acid as described [48] and corrected for total cellular protein content. |
T40830 |
66623-66632 |
NN |
denotes |
Palmitate |
T40831 |
66643-66648 |
NNS |
denotes |
rates |
T40832 |
66633-66642 |
NN |
denotes |
oxidation |
T40833 |
66654-66664 |
VBN |
denotes |
quantified |
T40834 |
66649-66653 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T40835 |
66665-66670 |
VBG |
denotes |
using |
T40836 |
66671-66672 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T40837 |
66672-66673 |
CD |
denotes |
9 |
T40838 |
66677-66679 |
NN |
denotes |
3H |
T40839 |
66673-66674 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T40840 |
66674-66676 |
CD |
denotes |
10 |
T40841 |
66676-66677 |
SYM |
denotes |
- |
T40842 |
66681-66689 |
JJ |
denotes |
palmitic |
T40843 |
66679-66680 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T40844 |
66680-66681 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T40845 |
66690-66694 |
NN |
denotes |
acid |
T40846 |
66695-66697 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T40847 |
66698-66707 |
VBN |
denotes |
described |
T40848 |
66708-66709 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T40849 |
66709-66711 |
CD |
denotes |
48 |
T40850 |
66711-66712 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T40851 |
66713-66716 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T40852 |
66717-66726 |
VBN |
denotes |
corrected |
T40853 |
66727-66730 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T40854 |
66731-66736 |
JJ |
denotes |
total |
T40855 |
66754-66761 |
NN |
denotes |
content |
T40856 |
66737-66745 |
JJ |
denotes |
cellular |
T40857 |
66746-66753 |
NN |
denotes |
protein |
T40858 |
66761-66762 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T40859 |
66762-66917 |
sentence |
denotes |
For respiration studies, cells were spun down prior to plating and resuspended in a permeabilization buffer (described above) containing 50 μg/ml saponin. |
T40860 |
66763-66766 |
IN |
denotes |
For |
T40861 |
66799-66803 |
VBN |
denotes |
spun |
T40862 |
66767-66778 |
NN |
denotes |
respiration |
T40863 |
66779-66786 |
NNS |
denotes |
studies |
T40864 |
66786-66788 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T40865 |
66788-66793 |
NNS |
denotes |
cells |
T40866 |
66794-66798 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T40867 |
66804-66808 |
RP |
denotes |
down |
T40868 |
66809-66814 |
JJ |
denotes |
prior |
T40869 |
66815-66817 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T40870 |
66818-66825 |
NN |
denotes |
plating |
T40871 |
66826-66829 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T40872 |
66830-66841 |
VBN |
denotes |
resuspended |
T40873 |
66842-66844 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T40874 |
66845-66846 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T40875 |
66864-66870 |
NN |
denotes |
buffer |
T40876 |
66847-66863 |
NN |
denotes |
permeabilization |
T40877 |
66871-66872 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T40878 |
66872-66881 |
VBN |
denotes |
described |
T40879 |
66882-66887 |
RB |
denotes |
above |
T40880 |
66887-66888 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T40881 |
66889-66899 |
VBG |
denotes |
containing |
T40882 |
66900-66902 |
CD |
denotes |
50 |
T40883 |
66903-66905 |
NN |
denotes |
μg |
T40884 |
66909-66916 |
NN |
denotes |
saponin |
T40885 |
66905-66906 |
SYM |
denotes |
/ |
T40886 |
66906-66908 |
NN |
denotes |
ml |
T40887 |
66916-66917 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T40888 |
66917-67021 |
sentence |
denotes |
Respiration studies were performed in the presence of 5 mM succinate in the presence of 10 μM rotenone. |
T40889 |
66918-66929 |
NN |
denotes |
Respiration |
T40890 |
66930-66937 |
NNS |
denotes |
studies |
T40891 |
66943-66952 |
VBN |
denotes |
performed |
T40892 |
66938-66942 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T40893 |
66953-66955 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T40894 |
66956-66959 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T40895 |
66960-66968 |
NN |
denotes |
presence |
T40896 |
66969-66971 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T40897 |
66972-66973 |
CD |
denotes |
5 |
T40898 |
66974-66976 |
NN |
denotes |
mM |
T40899 |
66977-66986 |
NN |
denotes |
succinate |
T40900 |
66987-66989 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T40901 |
66990-66993 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T40902 |
66994-67002 |
NN |
denotes |
presence |
T40903 |
67003-67005 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T40904 |
67006-67008 |
CD |
denotes |
10 |
T40905 |
67009-67011 |
NN |
denotes |
μM |
T40906 |
67012-67020 |
NN |
denotes |
rotenone |
T40907 |
67020-67021 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T40908 |
67021-67092 |
sentence |
denotes |
Respiration rates were expressed as nmol O2 · min−1 · mg of protein−1. |
T40909 |
67022-67033 |
NN |
denotes |
Respiration |
T40910 |
67034-67039 |
NNS |
denotes |
rates |
T40911 |
67045-67054 |
VBN |
denotes |
expressed |
T40912 |
67040-67044 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T40913 |
67055-67057 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T40914 |
67058-67062 |
NN |
denotes |
nmol |
T40915 |
67063-67065 |
NN |
denotes |
O2 |
T40916 |
67066-67067 |
SYM |
denotes |
· |
T40917 |
67068-67071 |
NN |
denotes |
min |
T40918 |
67071-67072 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T40919 |
67072-67073 |
CD |
denotes |
1 |
T40920 |
67074-67075 |
SYM |
denotes |
· |
T40921 |
67076-67078 |
NN |
denotes |
mg |
T40922 |
67079-67081 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T40923 |
67082-67089 |
NN |
denotes |
protein |
T40924 |
67089-67090 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T40925 |
67090-67091 |
CD |
denotes |
1 |
T40926 |
67091-67092 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T42846 |
67094-67104 |
NN |
denotes |
Evaluation |
T42847 |
67105-67107 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T42848 |
67108-67117 |
NN |
denotes |
locomotor |
T42849 |
67118-67126 |
NN |
denotes |
activity |
T42850 |
67126-67128 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T42851 |
67128-67140 |
NN |
denotes |
sensorimotor |
T42852 |
67141-67153 |
NNS |
denotes |
capabilities |
T42853 |
67153-67155 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T42854 |
67155-67158 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T42855 |
67159-67165 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T42856 |
67166-67174 |
NN |
denotes |
function |
T42857 |
67174-67470 |
sentence |
denotes |
To evaluate general activity levels and muscle use, mice were evaluated over a 1-h period in transparent (47.6 cm × 25.4 cm × 20.6 cm) polystyrene enclosures as previously described [49] using a high-resolution photobeam system (Motor Monitor, Hamilton-Kinder, Poway, California, United States). |
T42858 |
67175-67177 |
TO |
denotes |
To |
T42859 |
67178-67186 |
VB |
denotes |
evaluate |
T42860 |
67237-67246 |
VBN |
denotes |
evaluated |
T42861 |
67187-67194 |
JJ |
denotes |
general |
T42862 |
67204-67210 |
NNS |
denotes |
levels |
T42863 |
67195-67203 |
NN |
denotes |
activity |
T42864 |
67211-67214 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T42865 |
67215-67221 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T42866 |
67222-67225 |
NN |
denotes |
use |
T42867 |
67225-67227 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T42868 |
67227-67231 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T42869 |
67232-67236 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T42870 |
67247-67251 |
IN |
denotes |
over |
T42871 |
67252-67253 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T42872 |
67258-67264 |
NN |
denotes |
period |
T42873 |
67254-67255 |
CD |
denotes |
1 |
T42874 |
67256-67257 |
NN |
denotes |
h |
T42875 |
67255-67256 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T42876 |
67265-67267 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T42877 |
67268-67279 |
NN |
denotes |
transparent |
T42878 |
67310-67321 |
NN |
denotes |
polystyrene |
T42879 |
67280-67281 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T42880 |
67281-67285 |
CD |
denotes |
47.6 |
T42881 |
67286-67288 |
NN |
denotes |
cm |
T42882 |
67289-67290 |
SYM |
denotes |
× |
T42883 |
67296-67298 |
NN |
denotes |
cm |
T42884 |
67291-67295 |
CD |
denotes |
25.4 |
T42885 |
67299-67300 |
SYM |
denotes |
× |
T42886 |
67306-67308 |
NN |
denotes |
cm |
T42887 |
67301-67305 |
CD |
denotes |
20.6 |
T42888 |
67308-67309 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T42889 |
67322-67332 |
VBZ |
denotes |
enclosures |
T42890 |
67333-67335 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T42891 |
67347-67356 |
VBN |
denotes |
described |
T42892 |
67336-67346 |
RB |
denotes |
previously |
T42893 |
67357-67358 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T42894 |
67358-67360 |
CD |
denotes |
49 |
T42895 |
67360-67361 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T42896 |
67362-67367 |
VBG |
denotes |
using |
T42897 |
67368-67369 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T42898 |
67396-67402 |
NN |
denotes |
system |
T42899 |
67370-67374 |
JJ |
denotes |
high |
T42900 |
67375-67385 |
NN |
denotes |
resolution |
T42901 |
67374-67375 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T42902 |
67386-67395 |
NN |
denotes |
photobeam |
T42903 |
67403-67404 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T42904 |
67410-67417 |
NNP |
denotes |
Monitor |
T42905 |
67404-67409 |
NNP |
denotes |
Motor |
T42906 |
67417-67419 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T42907 |
67419-67427 |
NNP |
denotes |
Hamilton |
T42908 |
67428-67434 |
NNP |
denotes |
Kinder |
T42909 |
67427-67428 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T42910 |
67434-67436 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T42911 |
67436-67441 |
NNP |
denotes |
Poway |
T42912 |
67441-67443 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T42913 |
67443-67453 |
NNP |
denotes |
California |
T42914 |
67453-67455 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T42915 |
67455-67461 |
NNP |
denotes |
United |
T42916 |
67462-67468 |
NNP |
denotes |
States |
T42917 |
67468-67469 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T42918 |
67469-67470 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T42919 |
67470-67609 |
sentence |
denotes |
Each enclosure was surrounded by a frame containing a 4 × 8 matrix of photocell pairs, the output of which was fed to an on-line computer. |
T42920 |
67471-67475 |
DT |
denotes |
Each |
T42921 |
67476-67485 |
NN |
denotes |
enclosure |
T42922 |
67490-67500 |
VBN |
denotes |
surrounded |
T42923 |
67486-67489 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T42924 |
67501-67503 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T42925 |
67504-67505 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T42926 |
67506-67511 |
NN |
denotes |
frame |
T42927 |
67512-67522 |
VBG |
denotes |
containing |
T42928 |
67523-67524 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T42929 |
67531-67537 |
NN |
denotes |
matrix |
T42930 |
67525-67526 |
CD |
denotes |
4 |
T42931 |
67527-67528 |
SYM |
denotes |
× |
T42932 |
67529-67530 |
CD |
denotes |
8 |
T42933 |
67538-67540 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T42934 |
67541-67550 |
NN |
denotes |
photocell |
T42935 |
67551-67556 |
NNS |
denotes |
pairs |
T42936 |
67556-67558 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T42937 |
67558-67561 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T42938 |
67562-67568 |
NN |
denotes |
output |
T42939 |
67582-67585 |
VBN |
denotes |
fed |
T42940 |
67569-67571 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T42941 |
67572-67577 |
WDT |
denotes |
which |
T42942 |
67578-67581 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T42943 |
67586-67588 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T42944 |
67589-67591 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T42945 |
67600-67608 |
NN |
denotes |
computer |
T42946 |
67592-67594 |
IN |
denotes |
on |
T42947 |
67594-67595 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T42948 |
67595-67599 |
NN |
denotes |
line |
T42949 |
67608-67609 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T42950 |
67609-67810 |
sentence |
denotes |
The system software (Hamilton-Kinder) was used to define a 33 cm × 11 cm central zone and a peripheral or surrounding zone that was 5.5 cm wide with the sides of the cage being the outermost boundary. |
T42951 |
67610-67613 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T42952 |
67621-67629 |
NN |
denotes |
software |
T42953 |
67614-67620 |
NN |
denotes |
system |
T42954 |
67652-67656 |
VBN |
denotes |
used |
T42955 |
67630-67631 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T42956 |
67640-67646 |
NNP |
denotes |
Kinder |
T42957 |
67631-67639 |
NNP |
denotes |
Hamilton |
T42958 |
67639-67640 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T42959 |
67646-67647 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T42960 |
67648-67651 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T42961 |
67657-67659 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T42962 |
67660-67666 |
VB |
denotes |
define |
T42963 |
67667-67668 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T42964 |
67691-67695 |
NN |
denotes |
zone |
T42965 |
67669-67671 |
CD |
denotes |
33 |
T42966 |
67672-67674 |
NN |
denotes |
cm |
T42967 |
67675-67676 |
SYM |
denotes |
× |
T42968 |
67680-67682 |
NN |
denotes |
cm |
T42969 |
67677-67679 |
CD |
denotes |
11 |
T42970 |
67683-67690 |
JJ |
denotes |
central |
T42971 |
67696-67699 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T42972 |
67700-67701 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T42973 |
67728-67732 |
NN |
denotes |
zone |
T42974 |
67702-67712 |
JJ |
denotes |
peripheral |
T42975 |
67713-67715 |
CC |
denotes |
or |
T42976 |
67716-67727 |
VBG |
denotes |
surrounding |
T42977 |
67733-67737 |
WDT |
denotes |
that |
T42978 |
67738-67741 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T42979 |
67742-67745 |
CD |
denotes |
5.5 |
T42980 |
67746-67748 |
NN |
denotes |
cm |
T42981 |
67749-67753 |
JJ |
denotes |
wide |
T42982 |
67754-67758 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T42983 |
67759-67762 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T42984 |
67763-67768 |
NNS |
denotes |
sides |
T42985 |
67781-67786 |
VBG |
denotes |
being |
T42986 |
67769-67771 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T42987 |
67772-67775 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T42988 |
67776-67780 |
NN |
denotes |
cage |
T42989 |
67787-67790 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T42990 |
67801-67809 |
NN |
denotes |
boundary |
T42991 |
67791-67800 |
JJ |
denotes |
outermost |
T42992 |
67809-67810 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T42993 |
67810-67880 |
sentence |
denotes |
This peripheral area extended along the entire perimeter of the cage. |
T42994 |
67811-67815 |
DT |
denotes |
This |
T42995 |
67827-67831 |
NN |
denotes |
area |
T42996 |
67816-67826 |
JJ |
denotes |
peripheral |
T42997 |
67832-67840 |
VBD |
denotes |
extended |
T42998 |
67841-67846 |
IN |
denotes |
along |
T42999 |
67847-67850 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T43000 |
67858-67867 |
NN |
denotes |
perimeter |
T43001 |
67851-67857 |
JJ |
denotes |
entire |
T43002 |
67868-67870 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T43003 |
67871-67874 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T43004 |
67875-67879 |
NN |
denotes |
cage |
T43005 |
67879-67880 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T43006 |
67880-68120 |
sentence |
denotes |
Variables that were analyzed included the total number of ambulations, as well as the number of entries, the time spent, and the distance traveled in the center area as well as the distance traveled in the periphery surrounding the center. |
T43007 |
67881-67890 |
NNS |
denotes |
Variables |
T43008 |
67910-67918 |
VBD |
denotes |
included |
T43009 |
67891-67895 |
WDT |
denotes |
that |
T43010 |
67901-67909 |
VBN |
denotes |
analyzed |
T43011 |
67896-67900 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T43012 |
67919-67922 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T43013 |
67929-67935 |
NN |
denotes |
number |
T43014 |
67923-67928 |
JJ |
denotes |
total |
T43015 |
67936-67938 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T43016 |
67939-67950 |
NNS |
denotes |
ambulations |
T43017 |
67950-67952 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T43018 |
67952-67954 |
RB |
denotes |
as |
T43019 |
67960-67962 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T43020 |
67955-67959 |
RB |
denotes |
well |
T43021 |
67963-67966 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T43022 |
67967-67973 |
NN |
denotes |
number |
T43023 |
67974-67976 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T43024 |
67977-67984 |
NNS |
denotes |
entries |
T43025 |
67984-67986 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T43026 |
67986-67989 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T43027 |
67990-67994 |
NN |
denotes |
time |
T43028 |
67995-68000 |
VBN |
denotes |
spent |
T43029 |
68000-68002 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T43030 |
68002-68005 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T43031 |
68006-68009 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T43032 |
68010-68018 |
NN |
denotes |
distance |
T43033 |
68019-68027 |
VBN |
denotes |
traveled |
T43034 |
68028-68030 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T43035 |
68031-68034 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T43036 |
68042-68046 |
NN |
denotes |
area |
T43037 |
68035-68041 |
NN |
denotes |
center |
T43038 |
68047-68049 |
RB |
denotes |
as |
T43039 |
68055-68057 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T43040 |
68050-68054 |
RB |
denotes |
well |
T43041 |
68058-68061 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T43042 |
68062-68070 |
NN |
denotes |
distance |
T43043 |
68071-68079 |
VBN |
denotes |
traveled |
T43044 |
68080-68082 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T43045 |
68083-68086 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T43046 |
68087-68096 |
NN |
denotes |
periphery |
T43047 |
68097-68108 |
VBG |
denotes |
surrounding |
T43048 |
68109-68112 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T43049 |
68113-68119 |
NN |
denotes |
center |
T43050 |
68119-68120 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T43051 |
68120-68180 |
sentence |
denotes |
The total number of ambulations and rearings were recorded. |
T43052 |
68121-68124 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T43053 |
68131-68137 |
NN |
denotes |
number |
T43054 |
68125-68130 |
JJ |
denotes |
total |
T43055 |
68171-68179 |
VBN |
denotes |
recorded |
T43056 |
68138-68140 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T43057 |
68141-68152 |
NNS |
denotes |
ambulations |
T43058 |
68153-68156 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T43059 |
68157-68165 |
NNS |
denotes |
rearings |
T43060 |
68166-68170 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T43061 |
68179-68180 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T43062 |
68180-68307 |
sentence |
denotes |
For the inverted screen test, mice were placed on a wire mesh grid (16 squares per 10 cm) and the screen was inverted to 180°. |
T43063 |
68181-68184 |
IN |
denotes |
For |
T43064 |
68221-68227 |
VBN |
denotes |
placed |
T43065 |
68185-68188 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T43066 |
68205-68209 |
NN |
denotes |
test |
T43067 |
68189-68197 |
VBN |
denotes |
inverted |
T43068 |
68198-68204 |
NN |
denotes |
screen |
T43069 |
68209-68211 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T43070 |
68211-68215 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T43071 |
68216-68220 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T43072 |
68228-68230 |
IN |
denotes |
on |
T43073 |
68231-68232 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T43074 |
68243-68247 |
NN |
denotes |
grid |
T43075 |
68233-68237 |
NN |
denotes |
wire |
T43076 |
68238-68242 |
NN |
denotes |
mesh |
T43077 |
68248-68249 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T43078 |
68252-68259 |
NNS |
denotes |
squares |
T43079 |
68249-68251 |
CD |
denotes |
16 |
T43080 |
68260-68263 |
IN |
denotes |
per |
T43081 |
68264-68266 |
CD |
denotes |
10 |
T43082 |
68267-68269 |
NN |
denotes |
cm |
T43083 |
68269-68270 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T43084 |
68271-68274 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T43085 |
68275-68278 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T43086 |
68279-68285 |
NN |
denotes |
screen |
T43087 |
68290-68298 |
VBN |
denotes |
inverted |
T43088 |
68286-68289 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T43089 |
68299-68301 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T43090 |
68302-68305 |
CD |
denotes |
180 |
T43091 |
68305-68306 |
NN |
denotes |
° |
T43092 |
68306-68307 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T43093 |
68307-68368 |
sentence |
denotes |
A maximum score of 60 s was given if an animal did not fall. |
T43094 |
68308-68309 |
DT |
denotes |
A |
T43095 |
68318-68323 |
NN |
denotes |
score |
T43096 |
68310-68317 |
JJ |
denotes |
maximum |
T43097 |
68336-68341 |
VBN |
denotes |
given |
T43098 |
68324-68326 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T43099 |
68327-68329 |
CD |
denotes |
60 |
T43100 |
68330-68331 |
NN |
denotes |
s |
T43101 |
68332-68335 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T43102 |
68342-68344 |
IN |
denotes |
if |
T43103 |
68363-68367 |
VB |
denotes |
fall |
T43104 |
68345-68347 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T43105 |
68348-68354 |
NN |
denotes |
animal |
T43106 |
68355-68358 |
VBD |
denotes |
did |
T43107 |
68359-68362 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T43108 |
68367-68368 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T43109 |
68368-68473 |
sentence |
denotes |
The tests included in the sensorimotor battery [50] and accompanying protocols were designed as follows. |
T43110 |
68369-68372 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T43111 |
68373-68378 |
NNS |
denotes |
tests |
T43112 |
68453-68461 |
VBN |
denotes |
designed |
T43113 |
68379-68387 |
VBN |
denotes |
included |
T43114 |
68388-68390 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T43115 |
68391-68394 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T43116 |
68408-68415 |
NN |
denotes |
battery |
T43117 |
68395-68407 |
NN |
denotes |
sensorimotor |
T43118 |
68416-68417 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T43119 |
68417-68419 |
CD |
denotes |
50 |
T43120 |
68419-68420 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T43121 |
68421-68424 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T43122 |
68425-68437 |
VBG |
denotes |
accompanying |
T43123 |
68438-68447 |
NNS |
denotes |
protocols |
T43124 |
68448-68452 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T43125 |
68462-68464 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T43126 |
68465-68472 |
VBZ |
denotes |
follows |
T43127 |
68472-68473 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T43128 |
68473-68690 |
sentence |
denotes |
(1) Inclined screen and inverted screen tests: For the inclined screen tests, each mouse was placed on top of an elevated (47 cm above the floor) wire mesh grid (16 squares per 10 cm) that was inclined to 60° or 90°. |
T43129 |
68474-68475 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T43130 |
68475-68476 |
LS |
denotes |
1 |
T43131 |
68567-68573 |
VBN |
denotes |
placed |
T43132 |
68476-68477 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T43133 |
68478-68486 |
VBN |
denotes |
Inclined |
T43134 |
68487-68493 |
NN |
denotes |
screen |
T43135 |
68514-68519 |
NNS |
denotes |
tests |
T43136 |
68494-68497 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T43137 |
68498-68506 |
VBN |
denotes |
inverted |
T43138 |
68507-68513 |
NN |
denotes |
screen |
T43139 |
68519-68521 |
: |
denotes |
: |
T43140 |
68521-68524 |
IN |
denotes |
For |
T43141 |
68525-68528 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T43142 |
68545-68550 |
NNS |
denotes |
tests |
T43143 |
68529-68537 |
VBN |
denotes |
inclined |
T43144 |
68538-68544 |
NN |
denotes |
screen |
T43145 |
68550-68552 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T43146 |
68552-68556 |
DT |
denotes |
each |
T43147 |
68557-68562 |
NN |
denotes |
mouse |
T43148 |
68563-68566 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T43149 |
68574-68576 |
IN |
denotes |
on |
T43150 |
68577-68580 |
NN |
denotes |
top |
T43151 |
68581-68583 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T43152 |
68584-68586 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T43153 |
68630-68634 |
NN |
denotes |
grid |
T43154 |
68587-68595 |
JJ |
denotes |
elevated |
T43155 |
68596-68597 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T43156 |
68603-68608 |
IN |
denotes |
above |
T43157 |
68597-68599 |
CD |
denotes |
47 |
T43158 |
68600-68602 |
NN |
denotes |
cm |
T43159 |
68609-68612 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T43160 |
68613-68618 |
NN |
denotes |
floor |
T43161 |
68618-68619 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T43162 |
68620-68624 |
NN |
denotes |
wire |
T43163 |
68625-68629 |
NN |
denotes |
mesh |
T43164 |
68635-68636 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T43165 |
68639-68646 |
NNS |
denotes |
squares |
T43166 |
68636-68638 |
CD |
denotes |
16 |
T43167 |
68647-68650 |
IN |
denotes |
per |
T43168 |
68651-68653 |
CD |
denotes |
10 |
T43169 |
68654-68656 |
NN |
denotes |
cm |
T43170 |
68656-68657 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T43171 |
68658-68662 |
WDT |
denotes |
that |
T43172 |
68667-68675 |
VBN |
denotes |
inclined |
T43173 |
68663-68666 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T43174 |
68676-68678 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T43175 |
68679-68681 |
CD |
denotes |
60 |
T43176 |
68681-68682 |
NN |
denotes |
° |
T43177 |
68683-68685 |
CC |
denotes |
or |
T43178 |
68686-68688 |
CD |
denotes |
90 |
T43179 |
68688-68689 |
NN |
denotes |
° |
T43180 |
68689-68690 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T43181 |
68690-68878 |
sentence |
denotes |
Each animal was placed in the middle of the screen with its head oriented down and was timed for how long it remained on the screen and how long it took to climb to the top of the screen. |
T43182 |
68691-68695 |
DT |
denotes |
Each |
T43183 |
68696-68702 |
NN |
denotes |
animal |
T43184 |
68707-68713 |
VBN |
denotes |
placed |
T43185 |
68703-68706 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T43186 |
68714-68716 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T43187 |
68717-68720 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T43188 |
68721-68727 |
NN |
denotes |
middle |
T43189 |
68728-68730 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T43190 |
68731-68734 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T43191 |
68735-68741 |
NN |
denotes |
screen |
T43192 |
68742-68746 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T43193 |
68756-68764 |
VBN |
denotes |
oriented |
T43194 |
68747-68750 |
PRP$ |
denotes |
its |
T43195 |
68751-68755 |
NN |
denotes |
head |
T43196 |
68765-68769 |
RB |
denotes |
down |
T43197 |
68770-68773 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T43198 |
68774-68777 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T43199 |
68778-68783 |
VBN |
denotes |
timed |
T43200 |
68784-68787 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T43201 |
68788-68791 |
WRB |
denotes |
how |
T43202 |
68792-68796 |
RB |
denotes |
long |
T43203 |
68800-68808 |
VBD |
denotes |
remained |
T43204 |
68797-68799 |
PRP |
denotes |
it |
T43205 |
68809-68811 |
IN |
denotes |
on |
T43206 |
68812-68815 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T43207 |
68816-68822 |
NN |
denotes |
screen |
T43208 |
68823-68826 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T43209 |
68827-68830 |
WRB |
denotes |
how |
T43210 |
68831-68835 |
RB |
denotes |
long |
T43211 |
68839-68843 |
VBD |
denotes |
took |
T43212 |
68836-68838 |
PRP |
denotes |
it |
T43213 |
68844-68846 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T43214 |
68847-68852 |
VB |
denotes |
climb |
T43215 |
68853-68855 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T43216 |
68856-68859 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T43217 |
68860-68863 |
NN |
denotes |
top |
T43218 |
68864-68866 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T43219 |
68867-68870 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T43220 |
68871-68877 |
NN |
denotes |
screen |
T43221 |
68877-68878 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T43222 |
68878-68976 |
sentence |
denotes |
For the inverted screen test, mice were placed as above and then the screen was inverted to 180°. |
T43223 |
68879-68882 |
IN |
denotes |
For |
T43224 |
68919-68925 |
VBN |
denotes |
placed |
T43225 |
68883-68886 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T43226 |
68903-68907 |
NN |
denotes |
test |
T43227 |
68887-68895 |
VBN |
denotes |
inverted |
T43228 |
68896-68902 |
NN |
denotes |
screen |
T43229 |
68907-68909 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T43230 |
68909-68913 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T43231 |
68914-68918 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T43232 |
68926-68928 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T43233 |
68929-68934 |
RB |
denotes |
above |
T43234 |
68935-68938 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T43235 |
68939-68943 |
RB |
denotes |
then |
T43236 |
68959-68967 |
VBN |
denotes |
inverted |
T43237 |
68944-68947 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T43238 |
68948-68954 |
NN |
denotes |
screen |
T43239 |
68955-68958 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T43240 |
68968-68970 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T43241 |
68971-68974 |
CD |
denotes |
180 |
T43242 |
68974-68975 |
NN |
denotes |
° |
T43243 |
68975-68976 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T43244 |
68976-69037 |
sentence |
denotes |
A maximum score of 60 s was given if an animal did not fall; |
T43245 |
68977-68978 |
DT |
denotes |
A |
T43246 |
68987-68992 |
NN |
denotes |
score |
T43247 |
68979-68986 |
JJ |
denotes |
maximum |
T43248 |
69005-69010 |
VBN |
denotes |
given |
T43249 |
68993-68995 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T43250 |
68996-68998 |
CD |
denotes |
60 |
T43251 |
68999-69000 |
NN |
denotes |
s |
T43252 |
69001-69004 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T43253 |
69011-69013 |
IN |
denotes |
if |
T43254 |
69032-69036 |
VB |
denotes |
fall |
T43255 |
69014-69016 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T43256 |
69017-69023 |
NN |
denotes |
animal |
T43257 |
69024-69027 |
VBD |
denotes |
did |
T43258 |
69028-69031 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T43259 |
69036-69037 |
: |
denotes |
; |
T43260 |
69037-69198 |
sentence |
denotes |
(2) Platform test: Each mouse was timed for how long it remained on an elevated (47 cm above the floor) circular platform (1.0 cm thick and 3.0 cm in diameter). |
T43261 |
69038-69039 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T43262 |
69039-69040 |
LS |
denotes |
2 |
T43263 |
69072-69077 |
VBN |
denotes |
timed |
T43264 |
69040-69041 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T43265 |
69042-69050 |
NN |
denotes |
Platform |
T43266 |
69051-69055 |
NN |
denotes |
test |
T43267 |
69055-69057 |
: |
denotes |
: |
T43268 |
69057-69061 |
DT |
denotes |
Each |
T43269 |
69062-69067 |
NN |
denotes |
mouse |
T43270 |
69068-69071 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T43271 |
69078-69081 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T43272 |
69082-69085 |
WRB |
denotes |
how |
T43273 |
69086-69090 |
RB |
denotes |
long |
T43274 |
69094-69102 |
VBD |
denotes |
remained |
T43275 |
69091-69093 |
PRP |
denotes |
it |
T43276 |
69103-69105 |
IN |
denotes |
on |
T43277 |
69106-69108 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T43278 |
69151-69159 |
NN |
denotes |
platform |
T43279 |
69109-69117 |
JJ |
denotes |
elevated |
T43280 |
69118-69119 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T43281 |
69125-69130 |
IN |
denotes |
above |
T43282 |
69119-69121 |
CD |
denotes |
47 |
T43283 |
69122-69124 |
NN |
denotes |
cm |
T43284 |
69131-69134 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T43285 |
69135-69140 |
NN |
denotes |
floor |
T43286 |
69140-69141 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T43287 |
69142-69150 |
JJ |
denotes |
circular |
T43288 |
69160-69161 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T43289 |
69168-69173 |
JJ |
denotes |
thick |
T43290 |
69161-69164 |
CD |
denotes |
1.0 |
T43291 |
69165-69167 |
NN |
denotes |
cm |
T43292 |
69174-69177 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T43293 |
69178-69181 |
CD |
denotes |
3.0 |
T43294 |
69182-69184 |
NN |
denotes |
cm |
T43295 |
69185-69187 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T43296 |
69188-69196 |
NN |
denotes |
diameter |
T43297 |
69196-69197 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T43298 |
69197-69198 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T43299 |
69198-69396 |
sentence |
denotes |
A maximum score of 60 s was assigned if the mouse remained on the platform for the maximum amount of time or if it could climb down on a very thin pole that supported the platform, without falling; |
T43300 |
69199-69200 |
DT |
denotes |
A |
T43301 |
69209-69214 |
NN |
denotes |
score |
T43302 |
69201-69208 |
JJ |
denotes |
maximum |
T43303 |
69227-69235 |
VBN |
denotes |
assigned |
T43304 |
69215-69217 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T43305 |
69218-69220 |
CD |
denotes |
60 |
T43306 |
69221-69222 |
NN |
denotes |
s |
T43307 |
69223-69226 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T43308 |
69236-69238 |
IN |
denotes |
if |
T43309 |
69249-69257 |
VBD |
denotes |
remained |
T43310 |
69239-69242 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T43311 |
69243-69248 |
NN |
denotes |
mouse |
T43312 |
69258-69260 |
IN |
denotes |
on |
T43313 |
69261-69264 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T43314 |
69265-69273 |
NN |
denotes |
platform |
T43315 |
69274-69277 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T43316 |
69278-69281 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T43317 |
69290-69296 |
NN |
denotes |
amount |
T43318 |
69282-69289 |
NN |
denotes |
maximum |
T43319 |
69297-69299 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T43320 |
69300-69304 |
NN |
denotes |
time |
T43321 |
69305-69307 |
CC |
denotes |
or |
T43322 |
69308-69310 |
IN |
denotes |
if |
T43323 |
69320-69325 |
VB |
denotes |
climb |
T43324 |
69311-69313 |
PRP |
denotes |
it |
T43325 |
69314-69319 |
MD |
denotes |
could |
T43326 |
69326-69330 |
RB |
denotes |
down |
T43327 |
69331-69333 |
IN |
denotes |
on |
T43328 |
69334-69335 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T43329 |
69346-69350 |
NN |
denotes |
pole |
T43330 |
69336-69340 |
RB |
denotes |
very |
T43331 |
69341-69345 |
JJ |
denotes |
thin |
T43332 |
69351-69355 |
WDT |
denotes |
that |
T43333 |
69356-69365 |
VBD |
denotes |
supported |
T43334 |
69366-69369 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T43335 |
69370-69378 |
NN |
denotes |
platform |
T43336 |
69378-69380 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T43337 |
69380-69387 |
IN |
denotes |
without |
T43338 |
69388-69395 |
VBG |
denotes |
falling |
T43339 |
69395-69396 |
: |
denotes |
; |
T43340 |
69396-69542 |
sentence |
denotes |
(3) Ledge test: Each mouse was timed for how long it could maintain its balance on a 0.75-cm wide Plexiglas ledge without falling (60 s maximum). |
T43341 |
69397-69398 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T43342 |
69398-69399 |
LS |
denotes |
3 |
T43343 |
69428-69433 |
VBN |
denotes |
timed |
T43344 |
69399-69400 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T43345 |
69401-69406 |
NN |
denotes |
Ledge |
T43346 |
69407-69411 |
NN |
denotes |
test |
T43347 |
69411-69413 |
: |
denotes |
: |
T43348 |
69413-69417 |
DT |
denotes |
Each |
T43349 |
69418-69423 |
NN |
denotes |
mouse |
T43350 |
69424-69427 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T43351 |
69434-69437 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T43352 |
69438-69441 |
WRB |
denotes |
how |
T43353 |
69442-69446 |
RB |
denotes |
long |
T43354 |
69456-69464 |
VB |
denotes |
maintain |
T43355 |
69447-69449 |
PRP |
denotes |
it |
T43356 |
69450-69455 |
MD |
denotes |
could |
T43357 |
69465-69468 |
PRP$ |
denotes |
its |
T43358 |
69469-69476 |
NN |
denotes |
balance |
T43359 |
69477-69479 |
IN |
denotes |
on |
T43360 |
69480-69481 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T43361 |
69505-69510 |
NN |
denotes |
ledge |
T43362 |
69482-69486 |
CD |
denotes |
0.75 |
T43363 |
69487-69489 |
NN |
denotes |
cm |
T43364 |
69486-69487 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T43365 |
69490-69494 |
JJ |
denotes |
wide |
T43366 |
69495-69504 |
NN |
denotes |
Plexiglas |
T43367 |
69511-69518 |
IN |
denotes |
without |
T43368 |
69519-69526 |
VBG |
denotes |
falling |
T43369 |
69527-69528 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T43370 |
69533-69540 |
NN |
denotes |
maximum |
T43371 |
69528-69530 |
CD |
denotes |
60 |
T43372 |
69531-69532 |
NN |
denotes |
s |
T43373 |
69540-69541 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T43374 |
69541-69542 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T43375 |
69542-69718 |
sentence |
denotes |
A score of 60 s was also assigned if the mouse traversed the entire length (51 cm) of the Plexiglas ledge and returned to the starting place in less than 60 s without falling; |
T43376 |
69543-69544 |
DT |
denotes |
A |
T43377 |
69545-69550 |
NN |
denotes |
score |
T43378 |
69568-69576 |
VBN |
denotes |
assigned |
T43379 |
69551-69553 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T43380 |
69554-69556 |
CD |
denotes |
60 |
T43381 |
69557-69558 |
NN |
denotes |
s |
T43382 |
69559-69562 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T43383 |
69563-69567 |
RB |
denotes |
also |
T43384 |
69577-69579 |
IN |
denotes |
if |
T43385 |
69590-69599 |
VBD |
denotes |
traversed |
T43386 |
69580-69583 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T43387 |
69584-69589 |
NN |
denotes |
mouse |
T43388 |
69600-69603 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T43389 |
69611-69617 |
NN |
denotes |
length |
T43390 |
69604-69610 |
JJ |
denotes |
entire |
T43391 |
69618-69619 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T43392 |
69619-69621 |
CD |
denotes |
51 |
T43393 |
69622-69624 |
NN |
denotes |
cm |
T43394 |
69624-69625 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T43395 |
69626-69628 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T43396 |
69629-69632 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T43397 |
69643-69648 |
NN |
denotes |
ledge |
T43398 |
69633-69642 |
NN |
denotes |
Plexiglas |
T43399 |
69649-69652 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T43400 |
69653-69661 |
VBD |
denotes |
returned |
T43401 |
69662-69664 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T43402 |
69665-69668 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T43403 |
69678-69683 |
NN |
denotes |
place |
T43404 |
69669-69677 |
NN |
denotes |
starting |
T43405 |
69684-69686 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T43406 |
69687-69691 |
JJR |
denotes |
less |
T43407 |
69697-69699 |
CD |
denotes |
60 |
T43408 |
69692-69696 |
IN |
denotes |
than |
T43409 |
69700-69701 |
NN |
denotes |
s |
T43410 |
69702-69709 |
IN |
denotes |
without |
T43411 |
69710-69717 |
VBG |
denotes |
falling |
T43412 |
69717-69718 |
: |
denotes |
; |
T43413 |
69718-69887 |
sentence |
denotes |
(4) Walking initiation test: Each mouse was placed in the middle of a square outlined by white cloth tape (21 cm × 21 cm) on a smooth black surface of a large tabletop. |
T43414 |
69719-69720 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T43415 |
69720-69721 |
LS |
denotes |
4 |
T43416 |
69742-69746 |
NN |
denotes |
test |
T43417 |
69721-69722 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T43418 |
69723-69730 |
NN |
denotes |
Walking |
T43419 |
69731-69741 |
NN |
denotes |
initiation |
T43420 |
69746-69748 |
: |
denotes |
: |
T43421 |
69748-69752 |
DT |
denotes |
Each |
T43422 |
69753-69758 |
NN |
denotes |
mouse |
T43423 |
69763-69769 |
VBN |
denotes |
placed |
T43424 |
69759-69762 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T43425 |
69770-69772 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T43426 |
69773-69776 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T43427 |
69777-69783 |
NN |
denotes |
middle |
T43428 |
69784-69786 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T43429 |
69787-69788 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T43430 |
69789-69795 |
NN |
denotes |
square |
T43431 |
69796-69804 |
VBN |
denotes |
outlined |
T43432 |
69805-69807 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T43433 |
69808-69813 |
JJ |
denotes |
white |
T43434 |
69820-69824 |
NN |
denotes |
tape |
T43435 |
69814-69819 |
NN |
denotes |
cloth |
T43436 |
69825-69826 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T43437 |
69829-69831 |
NN |
denotes |
cm |
T43438 |
69826-69828 |
CD |
denotes |
21 |
T43439 |
69832-69833 |
SYM |
denotes |
× |
T43440 |
69837-69839 |
NN |
denotes |
cm |
T43441 |
69834-69836 |
CD |
denotes |
21 |
T43442 |
69839-69840 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T43443 |
69841-69843 |
IN |
denotes |
on |
T43444 |
69844-69845 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T43445 |
69859-69866 |
NN |
denotes |
surface |
T43446 |
69846-69852 |
JJ |
denotes |
smooth |
T43447 |
69853-69858 |
JJ |
denotes |
black |
T43448 |
69867-69869 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T43449 |
69870-69871 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T43450 |
69878-69886 |
NN |
denotes |
tabletop |
T43451 |
69872-69877 |
JJ |
denotes |
large |
T43452 |
69886-69887 |
CC |
denotes |
. |
T43453 |
69887-69991 |
sentence |
denotes |
The time it took each mouse to leave the square (place all four paws outside of the tape) was recorded. |
T43454 |
69888-69891 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T43455 |
69892-69896 |
NN |
denotes |
time |
T43456 |
69982-69990 |
VBN |
denotes |
recorded |
T43457 |
69897-69899 |
PRP |
denotes |
it |
T43458 |
69900-69904 |
VBD |
denotes |
took |
T43459 |
69905-69909 |
DT |
denotes |
each |
T43460 |
69910-69915 |
NN |
denotes |
mouse |
T43461 |
69919-69924 |
VB |
denotes |
leave |
T43462 |
69916-69918 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T43463 |
69925-69928 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T43464 |
69929-69935 |
NN |
denotes |
square |
T43465 |
69936-69937 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T43466 |
69937-69942 |
VB |
denotes |
place |
T43467 |
69943-69946 |
DT |
denotes |
all |
T43468 |
69952-69956 |
NNS |
denotes |
paws |
T43469 |
69947-69951 |
CD |
denotes |
four |
T43470 |
69957-69964 |
RB |
denotes |
outside |
T43471 |
69965-69967 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T43472 |
69968-69971 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T43473 |
69972-69976 |
NN |
denotes |
tape |
T43474 |
69976-69977 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T43475 |
69978-69981 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T43476 |
69990-69991 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T43477 |
69991-70026 |
sentence |
denotes |
The maximum time allowed was 60 s. |
T43478 |
69992-69995 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T43479 |
70004-70008 |
NN |
denotes |
time |
T43480 |
69996-70003 |
JJ |
denotes |
maximum |
T43481 |
70017-70020 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T43482 |
70009-70016 |
VBN |
denotes |
allowed |
T43483 |
70021-70023 |
CD |
denotes |
60 |
T43484 |
70024-70025 |
NN |
denotes |
s |
T43485 |
70025-70026 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T43486 |
70026-70195 |
sentence |
denotes |
6–8-mo-old PGC-1α+/+ (n = 4) and PGC-1α−/− (n = 8) mice were run to exhaustion employing a motorized, speed controlled, modular treadmill system (Columbus Instruments). |
T43487 |
70027-70028 |
CD |
denotes |
6 |
T43488 |
70029-70030 |
CD |
denotes |
8 |
T43489 |
70028-70029 |
SYM |
denotes |
– |
T43490 |
70031-70033 |
NN |
denotes |
mo |
T43491 |
70030-70031 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T43492 |
70034-70037 |
JJ |
denotes |
old |
T43493 |
70033-70034 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T43494 |
70078-70082 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T43495 |
70038-70041 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T43496 |
70042-70044 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T43497 |
70041-70042 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T43498 |
70044-70045 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T43499 |
70045-70046 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T43500 |
70046-70047 |
SYM |
denotes |
+ |
T43501 |
70048-70049 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T43502 |
70053-70054 |
CD |
denotes |
4 |
T43503 |
70049-70050 |
NN |
denotes |
n |
T43504 |
70051-70052 |
SYM |
denotes |
= |
T43505 |
70054-70055 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T43506 |
70056-70059 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T43507 |
70060-70063 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T43508 |
70064-70066 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T43509 |
70063-70064 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T43510 |
70066-70067 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T43511 |
70067-70068 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T43512 |
70068-70069 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T43513 |
70070-70071 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T43514 |
70075-70076 |
CD |
denotes |
8 |
T43515 |
70071-70072 |
NN |
denotes |
n |
T43516 |
70073-70074 |
SYM |
denotes |
= |
T43517 |
70076-70077 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T43518 |
70088-70091 |
VBN |
denotes |
run |
T43519 |
70083-70087 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T43520 |
70092-70094 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T43521 |
70095-70105 |
NN |
denotes |
exhaustion |
T43522 |
70106-70115 |
VBG |
denotes |
employing |
T43523 |
70116-70117 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T43524 |
70165-70171 |
NN |
denotes |
system |
T43525 |
70118-70127 |
VBN |
denotes |
motorized |
T43526 |
70127-70129 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T43527 |
70129-70134 |
NN |
denotes |
speed |
T43528 |
70135-70145 |
VBN |
denotes |
controlled |
T43529 |
70145-70147 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T43530 |
70147-70154 |
JJ |
denotes |
modular |
T43531 |
70155-70164 |
NN |
denotes |
treadmill |
T43532 |
70172-70173 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T43533 |
70182-70193 |
NNP |
denotes |
Instruments |
T43534 |
70173-70181 |
NNP |
denotes |
Columbus |
T43535 |
70193-70194 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T43536 |
70194-70195 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T43537 |
70195-70291 |
sentence |
denotes |
The treadmill was equipped with an electric shock stimulus and an adjustable inclination angle. |
T43538 |
70196-70199 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T43539 |
70200-70209 |
NN |
denotes |
treadmill |
T43540 |
70214-70222 |
VBN |
denotes |
equipped |
T43541 |
70210-70213 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T43542 |
70223-70227 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T43543 |
70228-70230 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T43544 |
70246-70254 |
NN |
denotes |
stimulus |
T43545 |
70231-70239 |
JJ |
denotes |
electric |
T43546 |
70240-70245 |
NN |
denotes |
shock |
T43547 |
70255-70258 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T43548 |
70259-70261 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T43549 |
70285-70290 |
NN |
denotes |
angle |
T43550 |
70262-70272 |
JJ |
denotes |
adjustable |
T43551 |
70273-70284 |
NN |
denotes |
inclination |
T43552 |
70290-70291 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T43553 |
70291-70361 |
sentence |
denotes |
Running velocity was set at 35 m/min, with a level inclination angle. |
T43554 |
70292-70299 |
NN |
denotes |
Running |
T43555 |
70300-70308 |
NN |
denotes |
velocity |
T43556 |
70313-70316 |
VBN |
denotes |
set |
T43557 |
70309-70312 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T43558 |
70317-70319 |
IN |
denotes |
at |
T43559 |
70320-70322 |
CD |
denotes |
35 |
T43560 |
70323-70324 |
NN |
denotes |
m |
T43561 |
70324-70325 |
SYM |
denotes |
/ |
T43562 |
70325-70328 |
NN |
denotes |
min |
T43563 |
70328-70330 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T43564 |
70330-70334 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T43565 |
70335-70336 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T43566 |
70355-70360 |
NN |
denotes |
angle |
T43567 |
70337-70342 |
NN |
denotes |
level |
T43568 |
70343-70354 |
NN |
denotes |
inclination |
T43569 |
70360-70361 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T44022 |
70363-70369 |
NN |
denotes |
VO2max |
T44023 |
70370-70377 |
NNS |
denotes |
studies |
T44024 |
70377-70506 |
sentence |
denotes |
VO2max was determined while the mice were running on a treadmill using an open flow system (Columbus Instruments Oxymax System). |
T44025 |
70378-70384 |
NN |
denotes |
VO2max |
T44026 |
70389-70399 |
VBN |
denotes |
determined |
T44027 |
70385-70388 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T44028 |
70400-70405 |
IN |
denotes |
while |
T44029 |
70420-70427 |
VBG |
denotes |
running |
T44030 |
70406-70409 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T44031 |
70410-70414 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T44032 |
70415-70419 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T44033 |
70428-70430 |
IN |
denotes |
on |
T44034 |
70431-70432 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T44035 |
70433-70442 |
NN |
denotes |
treadmill |
T44036 |
70443-70448 |
VBG |
denotes |
using |
T44037 |
70449-70451 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T44038 |
70462-70468 |
NN |
denotes |
system |
T44039 |
70452-70456 |
JJ |
denotes |
open |
T44040 |
70457-70461 |
NN |
denotes |
flow |
T44041 |
70469-70470 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T44042 |
70498-70504 |
NNP |
denotes |
System |
T44043 |
70470-70478 |
NNP |
denotes |
Columbus |
T44044 |
70479-70490 |
NNP |
denotes |
Instruments |
T44045 |
70491-70497 |
NNP |
denotes |
Oxymax |
T44046 |
70504-70505 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T44047 |
70505-70506 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T44048 |
70506-70608 |
sentence |
denotes |
All measurements of oxygen consumption took place at an elevation of 150 m (ambient PBAR = 745 torr). |
T44049 |
70507-70510 |
DT |
denotes |
All |
T44050 |
70511-70523 |
NNS |
denotes |
measurements |
T44051 |
70546-70550 |
VBD |
denotes |
took |
T44052 |
70524-70526 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T44053 |
70527-70533 |
NN |
denotes |
oxygen |
T44054 |
70534-70545 |
NN |
denotes |
consumption |
T44055 |
70551-70556 |
NN |
denotes |
place |
T44056 |
70557-70559 |
IN |
denotes |
at |
T44057 |
70560-70562 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T44058 |
70563-70572 |
NN |
denotes |
elevation |
T44059 |
70573-70575 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T44060 |
70576-70579 |
CD |
denotes |
150 |
T44061 |
70580-70581 |
NN |
denotes |
m |
T44062 |
70582-70583 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T44063 |
70602-70606 |
NN |
denotes |
torr |
T44064 |
70583-70590 |
NN |
denotes |
ambient |
T44065 |
70591-70595 |
NN |
denotes |
PBAR |
T44066 |
70596-70597 |
SYM |
denotes |
= |
T44067 |
70598-70601 |
CD |
denotes |
745 |
T44068 |
70606-70607 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T44069 |
70607-70608 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T44070 |
70608-70703 |
sentence |
denotes |
Animals were placed into the metabolic chamber for 3–5 min to allow the system to equilibrate. |
T44071 |
70609-70616 |
NNS |
denotes |
Animals |
T44072 |
70622-70628 |
VBN |
denotes |
placed |
T44073 |
70617-70621 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T44074 |
70629-70633 |
IN |
denotes |
into |
T44075 |
70634-70637 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T44076 |
70648-70655 |
NN |
denotes |
chamber |
T44077 |
70638-70647 |
JJ |
denotes |
metabolic |
T44078 |
70656-70659 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T44079 |
70660-70661 |
CD |
denotes |
3 |
T44080 |
70662-70663 |
CD |
denotes |
5 |
T44081 |
70661-70662 |
SYM |
denotes |
– |
T44082 |
70664-70667 |
NN |
denotes |
min |
T44083 |
70668-70670 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T44084 |
70671-70676 |
VB |
denotes |
allow |
T44085 |
70677-70680 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T44086 |
70681-70687 |
NN |
denotes |
system |
T44087 |
70688-70690 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T44088 |
70691-70702 |
VB |
denotes |
equilibrate |
T44089 |
70702-70703 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T44090 |
70703-70821 |
sentence |
denotes |
Mice were then induced to run up an 18° incline at a speed of 40 m/min using a shock grid in the rear of the chamber. |
T44091 |
70704-70708 |
NNS |
denotes |
Mice |
T44092 |
70719-70726 |
VBN |
denotes |
induced |
T44093 |
70709-70713 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T44094 |
70714-70718 |
RB |
denotes |
then |
T44095 |
70727-70729 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T44096 |
70730-70733 |
VB |
denotes |
run |
T44097 |
70734-70736 |
IN |
denotes |
up |
T44098 |
70737-70739 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T44099 |
70744-70751 |
NN |
denotes |
incline |
T44100 |
70740-70742 |
CD |
denotes |
18 |
T44101 |
70742-70743 |
NN |
denotes |
° |
T44102 |
70752-70754 |
IN |
denotes |
at |
T44103 |
70755-70756 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T44104 |
70757-70762 |
NN |
denotes |
speed |
T44105 |
70763-70765 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T44106 |
70766-70768 |
CD |
denotes |
40 |
T44107 |
70769-70770 |
NN |
denotes |
m |
T44108 |
70770-70771 |
SYM |
denotes |
/ |
T44109 |
70771-70774 |
NN |
denotes |
min |
T44110 |
70775-70780 |
VBG |
denotes |
using |
T44111 |
70781-70782 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T44112 |
70789-70793 |
NN |
denotes |
grid |
T44113 |
70783-70788 |
NN |
denotes |
shock |
T44114 |
70794-70796 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T44115 |
70797-70800 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T44116 |
70801-70805 |
NN |
denotes |
rear |
T44117 |
70806-70808 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T44118 |
70809-70812 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T44119 |
70813-70820 |
NN |
denotes |
chamber |
T44120 |
70820-70821 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T44121 |
70821-70911 |
sentence |
denotes |
The speed was increased by 5 m/min every 2 min until the animals were unable to continue. |
T44122 |
70822-70825 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T44123 |
70826-70831 |
NN |
denotes |
speed |
T44124 |
70836-70845 |
VBN |
denotes |
increased |
T44125 |
70832-70835 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T44126 |
70846-70848 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T44127 |
70849-70850 |
CD |
denotes |
5 |
T44128 |
70851-70852 |
NN |
denotes |
m |
T44129 |
70852-70853 |
SYM |
denotes |
/ |
T44130 |
70853-70856 |
NN |
denotes |
min |
T44131 |
70857-70862 |
DT |
denotes |
every |
T44132 |
70865-70868 |
NN |
denotes |
min |
T44133 |
70863-70864 |
CD |
denotes |
2 |
T44134 |
70869-70874 |
IN |
denotes |
until |
T44135 |
70887-70891 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T44136 |
70875-70878 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T44137 |
70879-70886 |
NNS |
denotes |
animals |
T44138 |
70892-70898 |
JJ |
denotes |
unable |
T44139 |
70899-70901 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T44140 |
70902-70910 |
VB |
denotes |
continue |
T44141 |
70910-70911 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T44142 |
70911-71049 |
sentence |
denotes |
Maximal effort was determined when oxygen uptake did not increase with power output and subsequently the mouse failed to maintain effort. |
T44143 |
70912-70919 |
JJ |
denotes |
Maximal |
T44144 |
70920-70926 |
NN |
denotes |
effort |
T44145 |
70931-70941 |
VBN |
denotes |
determined |
T44146 |
70927-70930 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T44147 |
70942-70946 |
WRB |
denotes |
when |
T44148 |
70969-70977 |
VB |
denotes |
increase |
T44149 |
70947-70953 |
NN |
denotes |
oxygen |
T44150 |
70954-70960 |
NN |
denotes |
uptake |
T44151 |
70961-70964 |
VBD |
denotes |
did |
T44152 |
70965-70968 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T44153 |
70978-70982 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T44154 |
70983-70988 |
NN |
denotes |
power |
T44155 |
70989-70995 |
NN |
denotes |
output |
T44156 |
70996-70999 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T44157 |
71000-71012 |
RB |
denotes |
subsequently |
T44158 |
71023-71029 |
VBD |
denotes |
failed |
T44159 |
71013-71016 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T44160 |
71017-71022 |
NN |
denotes |
mouse |
T44161 |
71030-71032 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T44162 |
71033-71041 |
VB |
denotes |
maintain |
T44163 |
71042-71048 |
NN |
denotes |
effort |
T44164 |
71048-71049 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T44165 |
71049-71168 |
sentence |
denotes |
VO2max was calculated using the averaged values over 1 min during which the animal's O2 consumption reached a plateau. |
T44166 |
71050-71056 |
NN |
denotes |
VO2max |
T44167 |
71061-71071 |
VBN |
denotes |
calculated |
T44168 |
71057-71060 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T44169 |
71072-71077 |
VBG |
denotes |
using |
T44170 |
71078-71081 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T44171 |
71091-71097 |
NNS |
denotes |
values |
T44172 |
71082-71090 |
JJ |
denotes |
averaged |
T44173 |
71098-71102 |
IN |
denotes |
over |
T44174 |
71103-71104 |
CD |
denotes |
1 |
T44175 |
71105-71108 |
NN |
denotes |
min |
T44176 |
71109-71115 |
IN |
denotes |
during |
T44177 |
71150-71157 |
VBD |
denotes |
reached |
T44178 |
71116-71121 |
WDT |
denotes |
which |
T44179 |
71122-71125 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T44180 |
71126-71132 |
NN |
denotes |
animal |
T44181 |
71138-71149 |
NN |
denotes |
consumption |
T44182 |
71132-71134 |
POS |
denotes |
's |
T44183 |
71135-71137 |
NN |
denotes |
O2 |
T44184 |
71158-71159 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T44185 |
71160-71167 |
NN |
denotes |
plateau |
T44186 |
71167-71168 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T44806 |
71170-71178 |
JJ |
denotes |
Isolated |
T44807 |
71198-71205 |
NNS |
denotes |
studies |
T44808 |
71179-71185 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T44809 |
71186-71197 |
NN |
denotes |
stimulation |
T44810 |
71205-71302 |
sentence |
denotes |
Animals were anesthetized with ketamine/xylazine and the soleus muscle was removed from one leg. |
T44811 |
71206-71213 |
NNS |
denotes |
Animals |
T44812 |
71219-71231 |
VBN |
denotes |
anesthetized |
T44813 |
71214-71218 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T44814 |
71232-71236 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T44815 |
71237-71245 |
NN |
denotes |
ketamine |
T44816 |
71246-71254 |
NN |
denotes |
xylazine |
T44817 |
71245-71246 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T44818 |
71255-71258 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T44819 |
71259-71262 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T44820 |
71270-71276 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T44821 |
71263-71269 |
NN |
denotes |
soleus |
T44822 |
71281-71288 |
VBN |
denotes |
removed |
T44823 |
71277-71280 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T44824 |
71289-71293 |
IN |
denotes |
from |
T44825 |
71294-71297 |
CD |
denotes |
one |
T44826 |
71298-71301 |
NN |
denotes |
leg |
T44827 |
71301-71302 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T44828 |
71302-71393 |
sentence |
denotes |
Upon removal, the muscle was suspended in a Krebs solution aerated with 95% O2 and 5% CO2. |
T44829 |
71303-71307 |
IN |
denotes |
Upon |
T44830 |
71332-71341 |
VBN |
denotes |
suspended |
T44831 |
71308-71315 |
NN |
denotes |
removal |
T44832 |
71315-71317 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T44833 |
71317-71320 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T44834 |
71321-71327 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T44835 |
71328-71331 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T44836 |
71342-71344 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T44837 |
71345-71346 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T44838 |
71353-71361 |
NN |
denotes |
solution |
T44839 |
71347-71352 |
NN |
denotes |
Krebs |
T44840 |
71362-71369 |
VBN |
denotes |
aerated |
T44841 |
71370-71374 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T44842 |
71375-71377 |
CD |
denotes |
95 |
T44843 |
71377-71378 |
NN |
denotes |
% |
T44844 |
71379-71381 |
NN |
denotes |
O2 |
T44845 |
71382-71385 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T44846 |
71386-71387 |
CD |
denotes |
5 |
T44847 |
71387-71388 |
NN |
denotes |
% |
T44848 |
71389-71392 |
NN |
denotes |
CO2 |
T44849 |
71392-71393 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T44850 |
71393-71604 |
sentence |
denotes |
The muscle and Krebs solution were suspended within a water bath maintained at 37 °C, and the muscle was anchored to a Grass (West Warwick, Rhode Island, United States) isometric force transducer (model FTO3C). |
T44851 |
71394-71397 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T44852 |
71398-71404 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T44853 |
71429-71438 |
VBN |
denotes |
suspended |
T44854 |
71405-71408 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T44855 |
71409-71414 |
NN |
denotes |
Krebs |
T44856 |
71415-71423 |
NN |
denotes |
solution |
T44857 |
71424-71428 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T44858 |
71439-71445 |
IN |
denotes |
within |
T44859 |
71446-71447 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T44860 |
71454-71458 |
NN |
denotes |
bath |
T44861 |
71448-71453 |
NN |
denotes |
water |
T44862 |
71459-71469 |
VBN |
denotes |
maintained |
T44863 |
71470-71472 |
IN |
denotes |
at |
T44864 |
71473-71475 |
CD |
denotes |
37 |
T44865 |
71476-71478 |
NN |
denotes |
°C |
T44866 |
71478-71480 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T44867 |
71480-71483 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T44868 |
71484-71487 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T44869 |
71488-71494 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T44870 |
71499-71507 |
VBN |
denotes |
anchored |
T44871 |
71495-71498 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T44872 |
71508-71510 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T44873 |
71511-71512 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T44874 |
71579-71589 |
NN |
denotes |
transducer |
T44875 |
71513-71518 |
NNP |
denotes |
Grass |
T44876 |
71519-71520 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T44877 |
71525-71532 |
NNP |
denotes |
Warwick |
T44878 |
71520-71524 |
NNP |
denotes |
West |
T44879 |
71532-71534 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T44880 |
71534-71539 |
NNP |
denotes |
Rhode |
T44881 |
71540-71546 |
NNP |
denotes |
Island |
T44882 |
71546-71548 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T44883 |
71548-71554 |
NNP |
denotes |
United |
T44884 |
71555-71561 |
NNP |
denotes |
States |
T44885 |
71561-71562 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T44886 |
71563-71572 |
JJ |
denotes |
isometric |
T44887 |
71573-71578 |
NN |
denotes |
force |
T44888 |
71590-71591 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T44889 |
71597-71602 |
NN |
denotes |
FTO3C |
T44890 |
71591-71596 |
NN |
denotes |
model |
T44891 |
71602-71603 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T44892 |
71603-71604 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T44893 |
71604-71759 |
sentence |
denotes |
Muscles were stimulated to contract with a Grass stimulator (model S88) generating a field stimulus through electrodes located at both ends of the muscle. |
T44894 |
71605-71612 |
NNS |
denotes |
Muscles |
T44895 |
71618-71628 |
VBN |
denotes |
stimulated |
T44896 |
71613-71617 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T44897 |
71629-71631 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T44898 |
71632-71640 |
VB |
denotes |
contract |
T44899 |
71641-71645 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T44900 |
71646-71647 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T44901 |
71654-71664 |
NN |
denotes |
stimulator |
T44902 |
71648-71653 |
NNP |
denotes |
Grass |
T44903 |
71665-71666 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T44904 |
71672-71675 |
NN |
denotes |
S88 |
T44905 |
71666-71671 |
NN |
denotes |
model |
T44906 |
71675-71676 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T44907 |
71677-71687 |
VBG |
denotes |
generating |
T44908 |
71688-71689 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T44909 |
71696-71704 |
NN |
denotes |
stimulus |
T44910 |
71690-71695 |
NN |
denotes |
field |
T44911 |
71705-71712 |
IN |
denotes |
through |
T44912 |
71713-71723 |
NNS |
denotes |
electrodes |
T44913 |
71724-71731 |
VBN |
denotes |
located |
T44914 |
71732-71734 |
IN |
denotes |
at |
T44915 |
71735-71739 |
DT |
denotes |
both |
T44916 |
71740-71744 |
NNS |
denotes |
ends |
T44917 |
71745-71747 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T44918 |
71748-71751 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T44919 |
71752-71758 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T44920 |
71758-71759 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T44921 |
71759-71882 |
sentence |
denotes |
Force-voltage (maximal force at about 100 V) and length-tension relationships were determined using single twitch stimuli. |
T44922 |
71760-71765 |
NN |
denotes |
Force |
T44923 |
71766-71773 |
NN |
denotes |
voltage |
T44924 |
71765-71766 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T44925 |
71824-71837 |
NNS |
denotes |
relationships |
T44926 |
71774-71775 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T44927 |
71775-71782 |
JJ |
denotes |
maximal |
T44928 |
71783-71788 |
NN |
denotes |
force |
T44929 |
71789-71791 |
IN |
denotes |
at |
T44930 |
71792-71797 |
JJ |
denotes |
about |
T44931 |
71798-71801 |
CD |
denotes |
100 |
T44932 |
71802-71803 |
NN |
denotes |
V |
T44933 |
71803-71804 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T44934 |
71805-71808 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T44935 |
71809-71815 |
NN |
denotes |
length |
T44936 |
71816-71823 |
NN |
denotes |
tension |
T44937 |
71815-71816 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T44938 |
71843-71853 |
VBN |
denotes |
determined |
T44939 |
71838-71842 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T44940 |
71854-71859 |
VBG |
denotes |
using |
T44941 |
71860-71866 |
JJ |
denotes |
single |
T44942 |
71867-71873 |
NN |
denotes |
twitch |
T44943 |
71874-71881 |
NNS |
denotes |
stimuli |
T44944 |
71881-71882 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T44945 |
71882-71978 |
sentence |
denotes |
The stimulator then delivered repeating trains of stimuli at one per second at 40 Hz for 2 min. |
T44946 |
71883-71886 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T44947 |
71887-71897 |
NN |
denotes |
stimulator |
T44948 |
71903-71912 |
VBD |
denotes |
delivered |
T44949 |
71898-71902 |
RB |
denotes |
then |
T44950 |
71913-71922 |
VBG |
denotes |
repeating |
T44951 |
71923-71929 |
NNS |
denotes |
trains |
T44952 |
71930-71932 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T44953 |
71933-71940 |
NNS |
denotes |
stimuli |
T44954 |
71941-71943 |
IN |
denotes |
at |
T44955 |
71944-71947 |
CD |
denotes |
one |
T44956 |
71948-71951 |
IN |
denotes |
per |
T44957 |
71952-71958 |
NN |
denotes |
second |
T44958 |
71959-71961 |
IN |
denotes |
at |
T44959 |
71962-71964 |
CD |
denotes |
40 |
T44960 |
71965-71967 |
NN |
denotes |
Hz |
T44961 |
71968-71971 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T44962 |
71972-71973 |
CD |
denotes |
2 |
T44963 |
71974-71977 |
NN |
denotes |
min |
T44964 |
71977-71978 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T44965 |
71978-72106 |
sentence |
denotes |
Each train lasted 330 ms, and were digitally recorded using MacLab (AD Instruments, Colorado Springs, Colorado, United States). |
T44966 |
71979-71983 |
DT |
denotes |
Each |
T44967 |
71984-71989 |
NN |
denotes |
train |
T44968 |
71990-71996 |
VBD |
denotes |
lasted |
T44969 |
71997-72000 |
CD |
denotes |
330 |
T44970 |
72001-72003 |
NNS |
denotes |
ms |
T44971 |
72003-72005 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T44972 |
72005-72008 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T44973 |
72009-72013 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T44974 |
72024-72032 |
VBN |
denotes |
recorded |
T44975 |
72014-72023 |
RB |
denotes |
digitally |
T44976 |
72033-72038 |
VBG |
denotes |
using |
T44977 |
72039-72045 |
NNP |
denotes |
MacLab |
T44978 |
72046-72047 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T44979 |
72050-72061 |
NNPS |
denotes |
Instruments |
T44980 |
72047-72049 |
NNP |
denotes |
AD |
T44981 |
72061-72063 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T44982 |
72063-72071 |
NNP |
denotes |
Colorado |
T44983 |
72072-72079 |
NNP |
denotes |
Springs |
T44984 |
72079-72081 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T44985 |
72081-72089 |
NNP |
denotes |
Colorado |
T44986 |
72089-72091 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T44987 |
72091-72097 |
NNP |
denotes |
United |
T44988 |
72098-72104 |
NNP |
denotes |
States |
T44989 |
72104-72105 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T44990 |
72105-72106 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T44991 |
72106-72335 |
sentence |
denotes |
Fatigue resistance was calculated as the ratio of the force generated by the last tetanus divided by the highest force generated multiplied by 100 to give the percent of force generation that remained after the fatigue protocol. |
T44992 |
72107-72114 |
NN |
denotes |
Fatigue |
T44993 |
72115-72125 |
NN |
denotes |
resistance |
T44994 |
72130-72140 |
VBN |
denotes |
calculated |
T44995 |
72126-72129 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T44996 |
72141-72143 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T44997 |
72144-72147 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T44998 |
72148-72153 |
NN |
denotes |
ratio |
T44999 |
72154-72156 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T45000 |
72157-72160 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T45001 |
72161-72166 |
NN |
denotes |
force |
T45002 |
72167-72176 |
VBN |
denotes |
generated |
T45003 |
72177-72179 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T45004 |
72180-72183 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T45005 |
72189-72196 |
NN |
denotes |
tetanus |
T45006 |
72184-72188 |
JJ |
denotes |
last |
T45007 |
72197-72204 |
VBN |
denotes |
divided |
T45008 |
72205-72207 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T45009 |
72208-72211 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T45010 |
72220-72225 |
NN |
denotes |
force |
T45011 |
72212-72219 |
JJS |
denotes |
highest |
T45012 |
72226-72235 |
VBN |
denotes |
generated |
T45013 |
72236-72246 |
VBN |
denotes |
multiplied |
T45014 |
72247-72249 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T45015 |
72250-72253 |
CD |
denotes |
100 |
T45016 |
72254-72256 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T45017 |
72257-72261 |
VB |
denotes |
give |
T45018 |
72262-72265 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T45019 |
72266-72273 |
NN |
denotes |
percent |
T45020 |
72274-72276 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T45021 |
72277-72282 |
NN |
denotes |
force |
T45022 |
72283-72293 |
NN |
denotes |
generation |
T45023 |
72294-72298 |
WDT |
denotes |
that |
T45024 |
72299-72307 |
VBD |
denotes |
remained |
T45025 |
72308-72313 |
IN |
denotes |
after |
T45026 |
72314-72317 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T45027 |
72326-72334 |
NN |
denotes |
protocol |
T45028 |
72318-72325 |
NN |
denotes |
fatigue |
T45029 |
72334-72335 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T45248 |
72501-72506 |
IN |
denotes |
until |
T45249 |
72507-72517 |
NN |
denotes |
exhaustion |
T45250 |
72517-72519 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T45251 |
72529-72533 |
VBD |
denotes |
came |
T45252 |
72519-72528 |
WDT |
denotes |
whichever |
T45253 |
72534-72539 |
RB |
denotes |
first |
T45254 |
72539-72540 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T45255 |
72540-72720 |
sentence |
denotes |
Immediately following its treadmill run, the mouse was subjected to serial echocardiography using an Acuson Sequoia Echocardiography System performed as previously described [51]. |
T45256 |
72541-72552 |
RB |
denotes |
Immediately |
T45257 |
72553-72562 |
IN |
denotes |
following |
T45258 |
72596-72605 |
VBN |
denotes |
subjected |
T45259 |
72563-72566 |
PRP$ |
denotes |
its |
T45260 |
72577-72580 |
NN |
denotes |
run |
T45261 |
72567-72576 |
NN |
denotes |
treadmill |
T45262 |
72580-72582 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T45263 |
72582-72585 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T45264 |
72586-72591 |
NN |
denotes |
mouse |
T45265 |
72592-72595 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T45266 |
72606-72608 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T45267 |
72609-72615 |
JJ |
denotes |
serial |
T45268 |
72616-72632 |
NN |
denotes |
echocardiography |
T45269 |
72633-72638 |
VBG |
denotes |
using |
T45270 |
72639-72641 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T45271 |
72674-72680 |
NNP |
denotes |
System |
T45272 |
72642-72648 |
NNP |
denotes |
Acuson |
T45273 |
72657-72673 |
NNP |
denotes |
Echocardiography |
T45274 |
72649-72656 |
NNP |
denotes |
Sequoia |
T45275 |
72681-72690 |
VBN |
denotes |
performed |
T45276 |
72691-72693 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T45277 |
72705-72714 |
VBN |
denotes |
described |
T45278 |
72694-72704 |
RB |
denotes |
previously |
T45279 |
72715-72716 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T45280 |
72716-72718 |
CD |
denotes |
51 |
T45281 |
72718-72719 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T45282 |
72719-72720 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T45734 |
72722-72724 |
FW |
denotes |
In |
T45735 |
72725-72729 |
FW |
denotes |
vivo |
T45736 |
72750-72757 |
NNS |
denotes |
studies |
T45737 |
72730-72737 |
JJ |
denotes |
cardiac |
T45738 |
72738-72749 |
JJ |
denotes |
hemodynamic |
T45739 |
72757-72846 |
sentence |
denotes |
Hemodynamic studies were performed as previously described with some modifications [52]. |
T45740 |
72758-72769 |
JJ |
denotes |
Hemodynamic |
T45741 |
72770-72777 |
NNS |
denotes |
studies |
T45742 |
72783-72792 |
VBN |
denotes |
performed |
T45743 |
72778-72782 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T45744 |
72793-72795 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T45748 |
72822-72826 |
DT |
denotes |
some |
T45749 |
72827-72840 |
NNS |
denotes |
modifications |
T45750 |
72841-72842 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T45751 |
72842-72844 |
CD |
denotes |
52 |
T45752 |
72844-72845 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T45753 |
72845-72846 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T45754 |
72846-72954 |
sentence |
denotes |
In brief, adult mice (10–12 wk) were anesthetized intraperitoneally (IP) with thiopental sodium (60 mg/kg). |
T45755 |
72847-72849 |
IN |
denotes |
In |
T45756 |
72884-72896 |
VBN |
denotes |
anesthetized |
T45757 |
72850-72855 |
JJ |
denotes |
brief |
T45758 |
72855-72857 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T45759 |
72857-72862 |
JJ |
denotes |
adult |
T45760 |
72863-72867 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T45761 |
72868-72869 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T45762 |
72875-72877 |
NN |
denotes |
wk |
T45763 |
72869-72871 |
CD |
denotes |
10 |
T45764 |
72872-72874 |
CD |
denotes |
12 |
T45765 |
72871-72872 |
SYM |
denotes |
– |
T45766 |
72877-72878 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T45767 |
72879-72883 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T45768 |
72897-72914 |
RB |
denotes |
intraperitoneally |
T45769 |
72915-72916 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T45770 |
72916-72918 |
RB |
denotes |
IP |
T45771 |
72918-72919 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T45772 |
72920-72924 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T45773 |
72925-72935 |
NN |
denotes |
thiopental |
T45774 |
72936-72942 |
NN |
denotes |
sodium |
T45775 |
72943-72944 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T45776 |
72947-72949 |
NN |
denotes |
mg |
T45777 |
72944-72946 |
CD |
denotes |
60 |
T45778 |
72949-72950 |
SYM |
denotes |
/ |
T45779 |
72950-72952 |
NN |
denotes |
kg |
T45780 |
72952-72953 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T45781 |
72953-72954 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T45782 |
72954-73020 |
sentence |
denotes |
The mice were intubated and ventilated with a Harvard ventilator. |
T45783 |
72955-72958 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T45784 |
72959-72963 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T45785 |
72969-72978 |
VBN |
denotes |
intubated |
T45786 |
72964-72968 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T45787 |
72979-72982 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T45788 |
72983-72993 |
VBN |
denotes |
ventilated |
T45789 |
72994-72998 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T45790 |
72999-73000 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T45791 |
73009-73019 |
NN |
denotes |
ventilator |
T45792 |
73001-73008 |
NNP |
denotes |
Harvard |
T45793 |
73019-73020 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T45794 |
73020-73290 |
sentence |
denotes |
The right carotid artery was isolated in the region of the trachea and cannulated with a 1.4-French high-fidelity micromanometer catheter (Millar Instruments, Houston, Texas, United States), which was inserted into the left ventricle retrograde across the aortic valve. |
T45795 |
73021-73024 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T45796 |
73039-73045 |
NN |
denotes |
artery |
T45797 |
73025-73030 |
JJ |
denotes |
right |
T45798 |
73031-73038 |
NN |
denotes |
carotid |
T45799 |
73050-73058 |
VBN |
denotes |
isolated |
T45800 |
73046-73049 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T45801 |
73059-73061 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T45802 |
73062-73065 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T45803 |
73066-73072 |
NN |
denotes |
region |
T45804 |
73073-73075 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T45805 |
73076-73079 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T45806 |
73080-73087 |
NN |
denotes |
trachea |
T45807 |
73088-73091 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T45808 |
73092-73102 |
VBN |
denotes |
cannulated |
T45809 |
73103-73107 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T45810 |
73108-73109 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T45811 |
73150-73158 |
NN |
denotes |
catheter |
T45812 |
73110-73113 |
CD |
denotes |
1.4 |
T45813 |
73114-73120 |
NNP |
denotes |
French |
T45814 |
73113-73114 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T45815 |
73121-73125 |
JJ |
denotes |
high |
T45816 |
73126-73134 |
NN |
denotes |
fidelity |
T45817 |
73125-73126 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T45818 |
73135-73149 |
NN |
denotes |
micromanometer |
T45819 |
73159-73160 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T45820 |
73167-73178 |
NNP |
denotes |
Instruments |
T45821 |
73160-73166 |
NNP |
denotes |
Millar |
T45822 |
73178-73180 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T45823 |
73180-73187 |
NNP |
denotes |
Houston |
T45824 |
73187-73189 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T45825 |
73189-73194 |
NNP |
denotes |
Texas |
T45826 |
73194-73196 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T45827 |
73196-73202 |
NNP |
denotes |
United |
T45828 |
73203-73209 |
NNP |
denotes |
States |
T45829 |
73209-73210 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T45830 |
73210-73212 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T45831 |
73212-73217 |
WDT |
denotes |
which |
T45832 |
73222-73230 |
VBN |
denotes |
inserted |
T45833 |
73218-73221 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T45834 |
73231-73235 |
IN |
denotes |
into |
T45835 |
73236-73239 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T45836 |
73245-73254 |
NN |
denotes |
ventricle |
T45837 |
73240-73244 |
JJ |
denotes |
left |
T45838 |
73255-73265 |
RB |
denotes |
retrograde |
T45839 |
73266-73272 |
IN |
denotes |
across |
T45840 |
73273-73276 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T45841 |
73284-73289 |
NN |
denotes |
valve |
T45842 |
73277-73283 |
JJ |
denotes |
aortic |
T45843 |
73289-73290 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T45844 |
73290-73485 |
sentence |
denotes |
Hemodynamic measurements were recorded at baseline and 3 min following continuous infusion of incremental doses of dobutamine (β1, β2, and α1-adrenergic agonist) up to 32 ng · gBW−1· min−1 [53]. |
T45845 |
73291-73302 |
JJ |
denotes |
Hemodynamic |
T45846 |
73303-73315 |
NNS |
denotes |
measurements |
T45847 |
73321-73329 |
VBN |
denotes |
recorded |
T45848 |
73316-73320 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T45849 |
73330-73332 |
IN |
denotes |
at |
T45850 |
73333-73341 |
NN |
denotes |
baseline |
T45851 |
73342-73345 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T45852 |
73346-73347 |
CD |
denotes |
3 |
T45853 |
73348-73351 |
NN |
denotes |
min |
T45854 |
73352-73361 |
IN |
denotes |
following |
T45855 |
73362-73372 |
JJ |
denotes |
continuous |
T45856 |
73373-73381 |
NN |
denotes |
infusion |
T45857 |
73382-73384 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T45858 |
73385-73396 |
JJ |
denotes |
incremental |
T45859 |
73397-73402 |
NNS |
denotes |
doses |
T45860 |
73403-73405 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T45861 |
73406-73416 |
NN |
denotes |
dobutamine |
T45862 |
73417-73418 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T45863 |
73418-73420 |
NN |
denotes |
β1 |
T45864 |
73433-73443 |
JJ |
denotes |
adrenergic |
T45865 |
73420-73422 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T45866 |
73422-73424 |
NN |
denotes |
β2 |
T45867 |
73424-73426 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T45868 |
73426-73429 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T45869 |
73430-73432 |
NN |
denotes |
α1 |
T45870 |
73432-73433 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T45871 |
73444-73451 |
NN |
denotes |
agonist |
T45872 |
73451-73452 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T45873 |
73453-73455 |
IN |
denotes |
up |
T45874 |
73456-73458 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T45875 |
73459-73461 |
CD |
denotes |
32 |
T45876 |
73462-73464 |
NN |
denotes |
ng |
T45877 |
73465-73466 |
SYM |
denotes |
· |
T45878 |
73467-73470 |
NN |
denotes |
gBW |
T45879 |
73470-73471 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T45880 |
73471-73472 |
CD |
denotes |
1 |
T45881 |
73472-73473 |
SYM |
denotes |
· |
T45882 |
73474-73477 |
NN |
denotes |
min |
T45883 |
73477-73478 |
SYM |
denotes |
− |
T45884 |
73478-73479 |
CD |
denotes |
1 |
T45885 |
73480-73481 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T45886 |
73481-73483 |
CD |
denotes |
53 |
T45887 |
73483-73484 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T45888 |
73484-73485 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T45889 |
73485-73659 |
sentence |
denotes |
Continuous pressure-volume data were acquired and digitized with the BioBench computer software data acquisition system (National Instruments, Austin, Texas, United States). |
T45890 |
73486-73496 |
JJ |
denotes |
Continuous |
T45891 |
73513-73517 |
NNS |
denotes |
data |
T45892 |
73497-73505 |
NN |
denotes |
pressure |
T45893 |
73506-73512 |
NN |
denotes |
volume |
T45894 |
73505-73506 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T45895 |
73523-73531 |
VBN |
denotes |
acquired |
T45896 |
73518-73522 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T45897 |
73532-73535 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T45898 |
73536-73545 |
VBN |
denotes |
digitized |
T45899 |
73546-73550 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T45900 |
73551-73554 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T45901 |
73599-73605 |
NN |
denotes |
system |
T45902 |
73555-73563 |
NNP |
denotes |
BioBench |
T45903 |
73573-73581 |
NN |
denotes |
software |
T45904 |
73564-73572 |
NN |
denotes |
computer |
T45905 |
73582-73586 |
NNS |
denotes |
data |
T45906 |
73587-73598 |
NN |
denotes |
acquisition |
T45907 |
73606-73607 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T45908 |
73616-73627 |
NNPS |
denotes |
Instruments |
T45909 |
73607-73615 |
NNP |
denotes |
National |
T45910 |
73627-73629 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T45911 |
73629-73635 |
NNP |
denotes |
Austin |
T45912 |
73635-73637 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T45913 |
73637-73642 |
NNP |
denotes |
Texas |
T45914 |
73642-73644 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T45915 |
73644-73650 |
NNP |
denotes |
United |
T45916 |
73651-73657 |
NNP |
denotes |
States |
T45917 |
73657-73658 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T45918 |
73658-73659 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T46753 |
73661-73669 |
VBN |
denotes |
Isolated |
T46754 |
73690-73699 |
NN |
denotes |
perfusion |
T46755 |
73670-73677 |
VBG |
denotes |
working |
T46756 |
73678-73683 |
NN |
denotes |
mouse |
T46757 |
73684-73689 |
NN |
denotes |
heart |
T46758 |
73699-73790 |
sentence |
denotes |
Isolated working mouse heart perfusion was based on a previously described procedure [54]. |
T46759 |
73700-73708 |
VBN |
denotes |
Isolated |
T46760 |
73729-73738 |
NN |
denotes |
perfusion |
T46761 |
73709-73716 |
VBG |
denotes |
working |
T46762 |
73717-73722 |
NN |
denotes |
mouse |
T46763 |
73723-73728 |
NN |
denotes |
heart |
T46764 |
73743-73748 |
VBN |
denotes |
based |
T46765 |
73739-73742 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T46766 |
73749-73751 |
IN |
denotes |
on |
T46767 |
73752-73753 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T46768 |
73775-73784 |
NN |
denotes |
procedure |
T46769 |
73754-73764 |
RB |
denotes |
previously |
T46770 |
73765-73774 |
VBN |
denotes |
described |
T46771 |
73785-73786 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T46772 |
73786-73788 |
CD |
denotes |
54 |
T46773 |
73788-73789 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T46774 |
73789-73790 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T46775 |
73790-73874 |
sentence |
denotes |
Adult mice (4–7 mo old) were heparinized (100 units IP) 10 min prior to anesthesia. |
T46776 |
73791-73796 |
JJ |
denotes |
Adult |
T46777 |
73797-73801 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T46778 |
73820-73831 |
VBN |
denotes |
heparinized |
T46779 |
73802-73803 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T46780 |
73810-73813 |
JJ |
denotes |
old |
T46781 |
73803-73804 |
CD |
denotes |
4 |
T46782 |
73805-73806 |
CD |
denotes |
7 |
T46783 |
73804-73805 |
SYM |
denotes |
– |
T46784 |
73807-73809 |
NN |
denotes |
mo |
T46785 |
73813-73814 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T46786 |
73815-73819 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T46787 |
73832-73833 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T46788 |
73837-73842 |
NNS |
denotes |
units |
T46789 |
73833-73836 |
CD |
denotes |
100 |
T46790 |
73843-73845 |
RB |
denotes |
IP |
T46791 |
73845-73846 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T46792 |
73847-73849 |
CD |
denotes |
10 |
T46793 |
73850-73853 |
NN |
denotes |
min |
T46794 |
73860-73862 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T46795 |
73854-73859 |
JJ |
denotes |
prior |
T46796 |
73863-73873 |
NN |
denotes |
anesthesia |
T46797 |
73873-73874 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T46798 |
73874-73953 |
sentence |
denotes |
Animals were then deeply anesthetized with 5–10 mg of sodium pentobarbital IP. |
T46799 |
73875-73882 |
NNS |
denotes |
Animals |
T46800 |
73900-73912 |
VBN |
denotes |
anesthetized |
T46801 |
73883-73887 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T46802 |
73888-73892 |
RB |
denotes |
then |
T46803 |
73893-73899 |
RB |
denotes |
deeply |
T46804 |
73913-73917 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T46805 |
73918-73919 |
CD |
denotes |
5 |
T46806 |
73920-73922 |
CD |
denotes |
10 |
T46807 |
73919-73920 |
SYM |
denotes |
– |
T46808 |
73923-73925 |
NN |
denotes |
mg |
T46809 |
73926-73928 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T46810 |
73929-73935 |
NN |
denotes |
sodium |
T46811 |
73936-73949 |
NN |
denotes |
pentobarbital |
T46812 |
73950-73952 |
RB |
denotes |
IP |
T46813 |
73952-73953 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T46814 |
73953-74162 |
sentence |
denotes |
Hearts were excised and placed in an ice-cold Krebs-Henseleit bicarbonate (KHB) solution [118 mM NaCl, 25 mM NaHCO3, 4.7 mM KCl, 1.2 mM KH2PO4, 2.5 mM CaCl2, 5.0 mM glucose, and 100 units/L insulin (pH 7.4)]. |
T46815 |
73954-73960 |
NNS |
denotes |
Hearts |
T46816 |
73966-73973 |
VBN |
denotes |
excised |
T46817 |
73961-73965 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T46818 |
73974-73977 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T46819 |
73978-73984 |
VBN |
denotes |
placed |
T46820 |
73985-73987 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T46821 |
73988-73990 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T46822 |
74034-74042 |
NN |
denotes |
solution |
T46823 |
73991-73994 |
NN |
denotes |
ice |
T46824 |
73995-73999 |
JJ |
denotes |
cold |
T46825 |
73994-73995 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T46826 |
74000-74005 |
NN |
denotes |
Krebs |
T46827 |
74006-74015 |
NN |
denotes |
Henseleit |
T46828 |
74005-74006 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T46829 |
74016-74027 |
NN |
denotes |
bicarbonate |
T46830 |
74028-74029 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T46831 |
74029-74032 |
NN |
denotes |
KHB |
T46832 |
74032-74033 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T46833 |
74043-74044 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T46834 |
74044-74047 |
CD |
denotes |
118 |
T46835 |
74048-74050 |
NN |
denotes |
mM |
T46836 |
74051-74055 |
NN |
denotes |
NaCl |
T46837 |
74055-74057 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T46838 |
74057-74059 |
CD |
denotes |
25 |
T46839 |
74060-74062 |
NN |
denotes |
mM |
T46840 |
74063-74069 |
NN |
denotes |
NaHCO3 |
T46841 |
74069-74071 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T46842 |
74071-74074 |
CD |
denotes |
4.7 |
T46843 |
74075-74077 |
NN |
denotes |
mM |
T46844 |
74078-74081 |
NN |
denotes |
KCl |
T46845 |
74081-74083 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T46846 |
74083-74086 |
CD |
denotes |
1.2 |
T46847 |
74087-74089 |
NN |
denotes |
mM |
T46848 |
74090-74096 |
NN |
denotes |
KH2PO4 |
T46849 |
74096-74098 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T46850 |
74098-74101 |
CD |
denotes |
2.5 |
T46851 |
74102-74104 |
NN |
denotes |
mM |
T46852 |
74105-74110 |
NN |
denotes |
CaCl2 |
T46853 |
74110-74112 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T46854 |
74112-74115 |
CD |
denotes |
5.0 |
T46855 |
74116-74118 |
NN |
denotes |
mM |
T46856 |
74119-74126 |
NN |
denotes |
glucose |
T46857 |
74126-74128 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T46858 |
74128-74131 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T46859 |
74132-74135 |
CD |
denotes |
100 |
T46860 |
74136-74141 |
NNS |
denotes |
units |
T46861 |
74141-74142 |
SYM |
denotes |
/ |
T46862 |
74144-74151 |
NN |
denotes |
insulin |
T46863 |
74142-74143 |
NN |
denotes |
L |
T46864 |
74152-74153 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T46865 |
74153-74155 |
NN |
denotes |
pH |
T46866 |
74156-74159 |
CD |
denotes |
7.4 |
T46867 |
74159-74160 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T46868 |
74160-74161 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T46869 |
74161-74162 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T46870 |
74162-74258 |
sentence |
denotes |
Hearts were cannulated first via the aorta and perfused retrogradely by the Langendorff method. |
T46871 |
74163-74169 |
NNS |
denotes |
Hearts |
T46872 |
74175-74185 |
VBN |
denotes |
cannulated |
T46873 |
74170-74174 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T46874 |
74186-74191 |
RB |
denotes |
first |
T46875 |
74192-74195 |
IN |
denotes |
via |
T46876 |
74196-74199 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T46877 |
74200-74205 |
NN |
denotes |
aorta |
T46878 |
74206-74209 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T46879 |
74210-74218 |
VBN |
denotes |
perfused |
T46880 |
74219-74231 |
RB |
denotes |
retrogradely |
T46881 |
74232-74234 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T46882 |
74235-74238 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T46883 |
74251-74257 |
NN |
denotes |
method |
T46884 |
74239-74250 |
NNP |
denotes |
Langendorff |
T46885 |
74257-74258 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T46886 |
74258-74534 |
sentence |
denotes |
Following left atrial cannulation, perfusion was switched to the working mode with KHB solution containing 1.2 mM palmitate bound to 3% fatty acid-free BSA with a preload pressure of 11.5 mm Hg and an afterload pressure of 50 mm Hg for 60 min with oxygenated buffer solution. |
T46887 |
74259-74268 |
VBG |
denotes |
Following |
T46888 |
74308-74316 |
VBN |
denotes |
switched |
T46889 |
74269-74273 |
JJ |
denotes |
left |
T46890 |
74281-74292 |
NN |
denotes |
cannulation |
T46891 |
74274-74280 |
JJ |
denotes |
atrial |
T46892 |
74292-74294 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T46893 |
74294-74303 |
NN |
denotes |
perfusion |
T46894 |
74304-74307 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T46895 |
74317-74319 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T46896 |
74320-74323 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T46897 |
74332-74336 |
NN |
denotes |
mode |
T46898 |
74324-74331 |
VBG |
denotes |
working |
T46899 |
74337-74341 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T46900 |
74383-74388 |
VBN |
denotes |
bound |
T46901 |
74342-74345 |
NN |
denotes |
KHB |
T46902 |
74346-74354 |
NN |
denotes |
solution |
T46903 |
74355-74365 |
VBG |
denotes |
containing |
T46904 |
74366-74369 |
CD |
denotes |
1.2 |
T46905 |
74370-74372 |
NN |
denotes |
mM |
T46906 |
74373-74382 |
NN |
denotes |
palmitate |
T46907 |
74389-74391 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T46908 |
74392-74393 |
CD |
denotes |
3 |
T46909 |
74393-74394 |
NN |
denotes |
% |
T46910 |
74411-74414 |
NN |
denotes |
BSA |
T46911 |
74395-74400 |
JJ |
denotes |
fatty |
T46912 |
74401-74405 |
NN |
denotes |
acid |
T46913 |
74406-74410 |
JJ |
denotes |
free |
T46914 |
74405-74406 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T46915 |
74415-74419 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T46916 |
74420-74421 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T46917 |
74430-74438 |
NN |
denotes |
pressure |
T46918 |
74422-74429 |
JJ |
denotes |
preload |
T46919 |
74439-74441 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T46920 |
74442-74446 |
CD |
denotes |
11.5 |
T46921 |
74447-74449 |
NN |
denotes |
mm |
T46922 |
74450-74452 |
NN |
denotes |
Hg |
T46923 |
74453-74456 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T46924 |
74457-74459 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T46925 |
74470-74478 |
NN |
denotes |
pressure |
T46926 |
74460-74469 |
JJ |
denotes |
afterload |
T46927 |
74479-74481 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T46928 |
74482-74484 |
CD |
denotes |
50 |
T46929 |
74485-74487 |
NN |
denotes |
mm |
T46930 |
74488-74490 |
NN |
denotes |
Hg |
T46931 |
74491-74494 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T46932 |
74495-74497 |
CD |
denotes |
60 |
T46933 |
74498-74501 |
NN |
denotes |
min |
T46934 |
74502-74506 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T46935 |
74507-74517 |
VBN |
denotes |
oxygenated |
T46936 |
74525-74533 |
NN |
denotes |
solution |
T46937 |
74518-74524 |
NN |
denotes |
buffer |
T46938 |
74533-74534 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T46939 |
74534-74908 |
sentence |
denotes |
Functional measurements, namely cardiac output, aortic flows, peak systolic pressure, and heart rate were acquired every 10 min using inline flow probes (Transonic Systems, Ithaca, New York, United States), a pressure transducer (TSD 104A, BIOPAC Systems, Santa Barbara, California, United States) and data acquired with the MP100 system from AcqKnowledge (BIOPAC Systems). |
T46940 |
74535-74545 |
JJ |
denotes |
Functional |
T46941 |
74546-74558 |
NNS |
denotes |
measurements |
T46942 |
74641-74649 |
VBN |
denotes |
acquired |
T46943 |
74558-74560 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T46944 |
74560-74566 |
RB |
denotes |
namely |
T46945 |
74575-74581 |
NN |
denotes |
output |
T46946 |
74567-74574 |
JJ |
denotes |
cardiac |
T46947 |
74581-74583 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T46948 |
74583-74589 |
JJ |
denotes |
aortic |
T46949 |
74590-74595 |
NNS |
denotes |
flows |
T46950 |
74595-74597 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T46951 |
74597-74601 |
JJ |
denotes |
peak |
T46952 |
74611-74619 |
NN |
denotes |
pressure |
T46953 |
74602-74610 |
JJ |
denotes |
systolic |
T46954 |
74619-74621 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T46955 |
74621-74624 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T46956 |
74625-74630 |
NN |
denotes |
heart |
T46957 |
74631-74635 |
NN |
denotes |
rate |
T46958 |
74636-74640 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T46959 |
74650-74655 |
DT |
denotes |
every |
T46960 |
74659-74662 |
NN |
denotes |
min |
T46961 |
74656-74658 |
CD |
denotes |
10 |
T46962 |
74663-74668 |
VBG |
denotes |
using |
T46963 |
74669-74675 |
NN |
denotes |
inline |
T46964 |
74681-74687 |
NNS |
denotes |
probes |
T46965 |
74676-74680 |
NN |
denotes |
flow |
T46966 |
74688-74689 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T46967 |
74699-74706 |
NNP |
denotes |
Systems |
T46968 |
74689-74698 |
NNP |
denotes |
Transonic |
T46969 |
74706-74708 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T46970 |
74708-74714 |
NNP |
denotes |
Ithaca |
T46971 |
74714-74716 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T46972 |
74716-74719 |
NNP |
denotes |
New |
T46973 |
74720-74724 |
NNP |
denotes |
York |
T46974 |
74724-74726 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T46975 |
74726-74732 |
NNP |
denotes |
United |
T46976 |
74733-74739 |
NNP |
denotes |
States |
T46977 |
74739-74740 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T46978 |
74740-74742 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T46979 |
74742-74743 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T46980 |
74753-74763 |
NN |
denotes |
transducer |
T46981 |
74744-74752 |
NN |
denotes |
pressure |
T46982 |
74764-74765 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T46983 |
74769-74773 |
NN |
denotes |
104A |
T46984 |
74765-74768 |
NN |
denotes |
TSD |
T46985 |
74773-74775 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T46986 |
74775-74781 |
NNP |
denotes |
BIOPAC |
T46987 |
74782-74789 |
NNP |
denotes |
Systems |
T46988 |
74789-74791 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T46989 |
74791-74796 |
NNP |
denotes |
Santa |
T46990 |
74797-74804 |
NNP |
denotes |
Barbara |
T46991 |
74804-74806 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T46992 |
74806-74816 |
NNP |
denotes |
California |
T46993 |
74816-74818 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T46994 |
74818-74824 |
NNP |
denotes |
United |
T46995 |
74825-74831 |
NNP |
denotes |
States |
T46996 |
74831-74832 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T46997 |
74833-74836 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T46998 |
74837-74841 |
NNS |
denotes |
data |
T46999 |
74842-74850 |
VBN |
denotes |
acquired |
T47000 |
74851-74855 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T47001 |
74856-74859 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T47002 |
74866-74872 |
NN |
denotes |
system |
T47003 |
74860-74865 |
NN |
denotes |
MP100 |
T47004 |
74873-74877 |
IN |
denotes |
from |
T47005 |
74878-74890 |
NNP |
denotes |
AcqKnowledge |
T47006 |
74891-74892 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T47007 |
74899-74906 |
NNP |
denotes |
Systems |
T47008 |
74892-74898 |
NNP |
denotes |
BIOPAC |
T47009 |
74906-74907 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T47010 |
74907-74908 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T47011 |
74908-74997 |
sentence |
denotes |
Cardiac work was calculated as the product of peak systolic pressure and cardiac output. |
T47012 |
74909-74916 |
JJ |
denotes |
Cardiac |
T47013 |
74917-74921 |
NN |
denotes |
work |
T47014 |
74926-74936 |
VBN |
denotes |
calculated |
T47015 |
74922-74925 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T47016 |
74937-74939 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T47017 |
74940-74943 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T47018 |
74944-74951 |
NN |
denotes |
product |
T47019 |
74952-74954 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T47020 |
74955-74959 |
NN |
denotes |
peak |
T47021 |
74969-74977 |
NN |
denotes |
pressure |
T47022 |
74960-74968 |
JJ |
denotes |
systolic |
T47023 |
74978-74981 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T47024 |
74982-74989 |
JJ |
denotes |
cardiac |
T47025 |
74990-74996 |
NN |
denotes |
output |
T47026 |
74996-74997 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T47482 |
74999-75009 |
NNS |
denotes |
Statistics |
T47483 |
75009-75109 |
sentence |
denotes |
Data were analyzed using T-tests or ANOVAs (measures of general activity and sensorimotor battery). |
T47484 |
75010-75014 |
NNS |
denotes |
Data |
T47485 |
75020-75028 |
VBN |
denotes |
analyzed |
T47486 |
75015-75019 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T47487 |
75029-75034 |
VBG |
denotes |
using |
T47488 |
75035-75036 |
NN |
denotes |
T |
T47489 |
75037-75042 |
NNS |
denotes |
tests |
T47490 |
75036-75037 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T47491 |
75043-75045 |
CC |
denotes |
or |
T47492 |
75046-75052 |
NNS |
denotes |
ANOVAs |
T47493 |
75053-75054 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T47494 |
75054-75062 |
NNS |
denotes |
measures |
T47495 |
75063-75065 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T47496 |
75066-75073 |
JJ |
denotes |
general |
T47497 |
75074-75082 |
NN |
denotes |
activity |
T47498 |
75083-75086 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T47499 |
75087-75099 |
NN |
denotes |
sensorimotor |
T47500 |
75100-75107 |
NN |
denotes |
battery |
T47501 |
75107-75108 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T47502 |
75108-75109 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T47503 |
75109-75169 |
sentence |
denotes |
The level of significance was set at p < 0.05 in all cases. |
T47504 |
75110-75113 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T47505 |
75114-75119 |
NN |
denotes |
level |
T47506 |
75140-75143 |
VBN |
denotes |
set |
T47507 |
75120-75122 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T47508 |
75123-75135 |
NN |
denotes |
significance |
T47509 |
75136-75139 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T47510 |
75144-75146 |
IN |
denotes |
at |
T47511 |
75147-75148 |
NN |
denotes |
p |
T47512 |
75149-75150 |
SYM |
denotes |
< |
T47513 |
75151-75155 |
CD |
denotes |
0.05 |
T47514 |
75156-75158 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T47515 |
75159-75162 |
DT |
denotes |
all |
T47516 |
75163-75168 |
NNS |
denotes |
cases |
T47517 |
75168-75169 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T47518 |
75169-75233 |
sentence |
denotes |
Data are reported as mean values ± SEM, unless otherwise noted. |
T47519 |
75170-75174 |
NNS |
denotes |
Data |
T47520 |
75179-75187 |
VBN |
denotes |
reported |
T47521 |
75175-75178 |
VBP |
denotes |
are |
T47522 |
75188-75190 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T47523 |
75191-75195 |
NN |
denotes |
mean |
T47524 |
75196-75202 |
NNS |
denotes |
values |
T47525 |
75203-75204 |
SYM |
denotes |
± |
T47526 |
75205-75208 |
NN |
denotes |
SEM |
T47527 |
75208-75210 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T47528 |
75210-75216 |
IN |
denotes |
unless |
T47529 |
75227-75232 |
VBN |
denotes |
noted |
T47530 |
75217-75226 |
RB |
denotes |
otherwise |
T47531 |
75232-75233 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T47532 |
75233-75382 |
sentence |
denotes |
The ANOVA model used to analyze each sensorimotor test included one between-subjects variable (genotype), and one within-subjects variable (trials). |
T47533 |
75234-75237 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T47534 |
75244-75249 |
NN |
denotes |
model |
T47535 |
75238-75243 |
NN |
denotes |
ANOVA |
T47536 |
75289-75297 |
VBD |
denotes |
included |
T47537 |
75250-75254 |
VBN |
denotes |
used |
T47538 |
75255-75257 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T47539 |
75258-75265 |
VB |
denotes |
analyze |
T47540 |
75266-75270 |
DT |
denotes |
each |
T47541 |
75284-75288 |
NN |
denotes |
test |
T47542 |
75271-75283 |
NN |
denotes |
sensorimotor |
T47543 |
75298-75301 |
CD |
denotes |
one |
T47544 |
75302-75309 |
IN |
denotes |
between |
T47545 |
75309-75310 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T47546 |
75310-75318 |
NNS |
denotes |
subjects |
T47547 |
75319-75327 |
JJ |
denotes |
variable |
T47548 |
75328-75329 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T47549 |
75329-75337 |
NN |
denotes |
genotype |
T47550 |
75337-75338 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T47551 |
75338-75340 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T47552 |
75340-75343 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T47553 |
75344-75347 |
CD |
denotes |
one |
T47554 |
75348-75354 |
IN |
denotes |
within |
T47555 |
75354-75355 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T47556 |
75355-75363 |
NNS |
denotes |
subjects |
T47557 |
75364-75372 |
JJ |
denotes |
variable |
T47558 |
75373-75374 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T47559 |
75374-75380 |
NNS |
denotes |
trials |
T47560 |
75380-75381 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T47561 |
75381-75382 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T47562 |
75382-75672 |
sentence |
denotes |
When ANOVAs with repeated measures were conducted, the Huynh-Feldt (H-F) adjustment of alpha levels was used for all within-subjects effects containing more than two levels, in order to protect against violations of the sphericity/compound symmetry assumptions underlying this ANOVA model. |
T47563 |
75383-75387 |
WRB |
denotes |
When |
T47564 |
75423-75432 |
VBN |
denotes |
conducted |
T47565 |
75388-75394 |
NNS |
denotes |
ANOVAs |
T47566 |
75395-75399 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T47567 |
75400-75408 |
VBN |
denotes |
repeated |
T47568 |
75409-75417 |
NNS |
denotes |
measures |
T47569 |
75418-75422 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T47570 |
75487-75491 |
VBN |
denotes |
used |
T47571 |
75432-75434 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T47572 |
75434-75437 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T47573 |
75456-75466 |
NN |
denotes |
adjustment |
T47574 |
75438-75443 |
NNP |
denotes |
Huynh |
T47575 |
75444-75449 |
NNP |
denotes |
Feldt |
T47576 |
75443-75444 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T47577 |
75450-75451 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T47578 |
75451-75452 |
NN |
denotes |
H |
T47579 |
75453-75454 |
NN |
denotes |
F |
T47580 |
75452-75453 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T47581 |
75454-75455 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T47582 |
75467-75469 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T47583 |
75470-75475 |
NN |
denotes |
alpha |
T47584 |
75476-75482 |
NNS |
denotes |
levels |
T47585 |
75483-75486 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T47586 |
75492-75495 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T47587 |
75496-75499 |
DT |
denotes |
all |
T47588 |
75516-75523 |
NNS |
denotes |
effects |
T47589 |
75500-75506 |
IN |
denotes |
within |
T47590 |
75506-75507 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T47591 |
75507-75515 |
NNS |
denotes |
subjects |
T47592 |
75524-75534 |
VBG |
denotes |
containing |
T47593 |
75535-75539 |
JJR |
denotes |
more |
T47594 |
75545-75548 |
CD |
denotes |
two |
T47595 |
75540-75544 |
IN |
denotes |
than |
T47596 |
75549-75555 |
NNS |
denotes |
levels |
T47597 |
75555-75557 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T47598 |
75557-75559 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T47599 |
75560-75565 |
NN |
denotes |
order |
T47600 |
75566-75568 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T47601 |
75569-75576 |
VB |
denotes |
protect |
T47602 |
75577-75584 |
IN |
denotes |
against |
T47603 |
75585-75595 |
NNS |
denotes |
violations |
T47604 |
75596-75598 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T47605 |
75599-75602 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T47606 |
75632-75643 |
NNS |
denotes |
assumptions |
T47607 |
75603-75613 |
NN |
denotes |
sphericity |
T47608 |
75613-75614 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T47609 |
75614-75622 |
JJ |
denotes |
compound |
T47610 |
75623-75631 |
NN |
denotes |
symmetry |
T47611 |
75644-75654 |
VBG |
denotes |
underlying |
T47612 |
75655-75659 |
DT |
denotes |
this |
T47613 |
75666-75671 |
NN |
denotes |
model |
T47614 |
75660-75665 |
NN |
denotes |
ANOVA |
T47615 |
75671-75672 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T47616 |
75672-75833 |
sentence |
denotes |
In addition, Bonferroni correction was used when appropriate to help maintain prescribed alpha levels (e.g., p < 0.05) when multiple comparisons were conducted. |
T47617 |
75673-75675 |
IN |
denotes |
In |
T47618 |
75712-75716 |
VBN |
denotes |
used |
T47619 |
75676-75684 |
NN |
denotes |
addition |
T47620 |
75684-75686 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T47621 |
75686-75696 |
NNP |
denotes |
Bonferroni |
T47622 |
75697-75707 |
NN |
denotes |
correction |
T47623 |
75708-75711 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T47624 |
75717-75721 |
WRB |
denotes |
when |
T47625 |
75722-75733 |
JJ |
denotes |
appropriate |
T47626 |
75734-75736 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T47627 |
75737-75741 |
VB |
denotes |
help |
T47628 |
75742-75750 |
VB |
denotes |
maintain |
T47629 |
75751-75761 |
VBN |
denotes |
prescribed |
T47630 |
75768-75774 |
NNS |
denotes |
levels |
T47631 |
75762-75767 |
NN |
denotes |
alpha |
T47632 |
75775-75776 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T47633 |
75782-75783 |
NN |
denotes |
p |
T47634 |
75776-75780 |
FW |
denotes |
e.g. |
T47635 |
75780-75782 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T47636 |
75784-75785 |
SYM |
denotes |
< |
T47637 |
75786-75790 |
CD |
denotes |
0.05 |
T47638 |
75790-75791 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T47639 |
75792-75796 |
WRB |
denotes |
when |
T47640 |
75823-75832 |
VBN |
denotes |
conducted |
T47641 |
75797-75805 |
JJ |
denotes |
multiple |
T47642 |
75806-75817 |
NNS |
denotes |
comparisons |
T47643 |
75818-75822 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T47644 |
75832-75833 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T45218 |
72363-72368 |
JJ |
denotes |
Adult |
T45219 |
72376-72380 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T45215 |
72337-72345 |
NN |
denotes |
Exercise |
T45216 |
72346-72362 |
NN |
denotes |
echocardiography |
T45217 |
72362-72540 |
sentence |
denotes |
Adult female mice (6–8 mo old) were exercised on the motorized treadmill using the run-to-exhaustion settings described above for 60 s or until exhaustion, whichever came first. |
T45220 |
72369-72375 |
JJ |
denotes |
female |
T45221 |
72399-72408 |
VBN |
denotes |
exercised |
T45222 |
72381-72382 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T45223 |
72382-72383 |
CD |
denotes |
6 |
T45224 |
72384-72385 |
CD |
denotes |
8 |
T45225 |
72383-72384 |
SYM |
denotes |
– |
T45226 |
72386-72388 |
NN |
denotes |
mo |
T45227 |
72389-72392 |
JJ |
denotes |
old |
T45228 |
72392-72393 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T45229 |
72394-72398 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T45230 |
72409-72411 |
IN |
denotes |
on |
T45231 |
72412-72415 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T45232 |
72426-72435 |
NN |
denotes |
treadmill |
T45233 |
72416-72425 |
VBN |
denotes |
motorized |
T45234 |
72436-72441 |
VBG |
denotes |
using |
T45235 |
72442-72445 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T45236 |
72464-72472 |
NNS |
denotes |
settings |
T45237 |
72446-72449 |
VB |
denotes |
run |
T45238 |
72449-72450 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T45239 |
72450-72452 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T45240 |
72452-72453 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T45241 |
72453-72463 |
NN |
denotes |
exhaustion |
T45242 |
72473-72482 |
VBN |
denotes |
described |
T45243 |
72483-72488 |
RB |
denotes |
above |
T45244 |
72489-72492 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T45245 |
72493-72495 |
CD |
denotes |
60 |
T45246 |
72496-72497 |
NN |
denotes |
s |
T45247 |
72498-72500 |
CC |
denotes |
or |
T729 |
0-134 |
sentence |
denotes |
PGC-1α Deficiency Causes Multi-System Energy Metabolic Derangements: Muscle Dysfunction, Abnormal Weight Control and Hepatic Steatosis |
T33131 |
57119-57120 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T33132 |
57123-57127 |
JJ |
denotes |
null |
T33133 |
57128-57132 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T33134 |
57141-57143 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T33135 |
57144-57147 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T33136 |
57158-57169 |
NN |
denotes |
environment |
T33137 |
57148-57157 |
JJ |
denotes |
protected |
T33138 |
57170-57172 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T33139 |
57173-57176 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T33140 |
57177-57187 |
NN |
denotes |
laboratory |
T33141 |
57187-57189 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T33142 |
57189-57192 |
PRP$ |
denotes |
our |
T33143 |
57193-57200 |
NNS |
denotes |
results |
T33144 |
57210-57214 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T33145 |
57277-57279 |
VB |
denotes |
be |
T33146 |
57215-57217 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T33147 |
57218-57221 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T33148 |
57222-57228 |
NNS |
denotes |
rigors |
T33149 |
57229-57231 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T33150 |
57232-57233 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T33151 |
57251-57262 |
NN |
denotes |
environment |
T33152 |
57234-57241 |
JJ |
denotes |
typical |
T33153 |
57242-57250 |
JJ |
denotes |
external |
R75 |
T809 |
T810 |
det |
The,growth |
R3 |
T727 |
T728 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R4 |
T728 |
T731 |
compound |
1α,Deficiency |
R5 |
T730 |
T728 |
punct |
-,1α |
R6 |
T731 |
T732 |
nsubj |
Deficiency,Causes |
R7 |
T733 |
T734 |
nmod |
Multi-System,Derangements |
R9 |
T735 |
T734 |
nmod |
Energy,Derangements |
R10 |
T736 |
T734 |
amod |
Metabolic,Derangements |
R11 |
T737 |
T734 |
punct |
: ,Derangements |
R12 |
T738 |
T739 |
compound |
Muscle,Dysfunction |
R13 |
T739 |
T734 |
appos |
Dysfunction,Derangements |
R14 |
T740 |
T739 |
punct |
", ",Dysfunction |
R15 |
T741 |
T742 |
amod |
Abnormal,Control |
R16 |
T742 |
T739 |
conj |
Control,Dysfunction |
R17 |
T743 |
T742 |
compound |
Weight,Control |
R18 |
T744 |
T742 |
cc |
and,Control |
R19 |
T745 |
T746 |
amod |
Hepatic,Steatosis |
R20 |
T746 |
T742 |
conj |
Steatosis,Control |
R21 |
T749 |
T750 |
det |
The,gene |
R22 |
T750 |
T751 |
nsubjpass |
gene,targeted |
R23 |
T752 |
T750 |
acl |
encoding,gene |
R24 |
T753 |
T754 |
det |
the,coactivator |
R25 |
T754 |
T752 |
dobj |
coactivator,encoding |
R26 |
T755 |
T754 |
amod |
transcriptional,coactivator |
R27 |
T756 |
T757 |
compound |
peroxisome,proliferator |
R28 |
T757 |
T758 |
npadvmod |
proliferator,activated |
R29 |
T758 |
T760 |
amod |
activated,1α |
R30 |
T759 |
T758 |
punct |
-,activated |
R31 |
T760 |
T754 |
appos |
1α,coactivator |
R32 |
T761 |
T760 |
nmod |
receptor,1α |
R33 |
T762 |
T760 |
punct |
-,1α |
R34 |
T763 |
T760 |
punct |
γ,1α |
R35 |
T764 |
T760 |
compound |
coactivator,1α |
R36 |
T765 |
T760 |
punct |
-,1α |
R37 |
T766 |
T760 |
punct |
(,1α |
R38 |
T767 |
T768 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R39 |
T768 |
T760 |
appos |
1α,1α |
R40 |
T769 |
T768 |
punct |
-,1α |
R41 |
T770 |
T760 |
punct |
),1α |
R42 |
T771 |
T751 |
auxpass |
was,targeted |
R43 |
T772 |
T751 |
prep |
in,targeted |
R44 |
T773 |
T772 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R45 |
T774 |
T751 |
punct |
.,targeted |
R46 |
T776 |
T777 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R47 |
T777 |
T779 |
npadvmod |
1α,null |
R48 |
T778 |
T777 |
punct |
-,1α |
R49 |
T779 |
T780 |
amod |
null,1α |
R50 |
T780 |
T784 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R51 |
T781 |
T780 |
punct |
(,1α |
R52 |
T782 |
T780 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R53 |
T783 |
T780 |
punct |
-,1α |
R54 |
T784 |
T789 |
nsubj |
mice,were |
R55 |
T785 |
T780 |
punct |
−,1α |
R56 |
T786 |
T780 |
punct |
/,1α |
R57 |
T787 |
T780 |
punct |
−,1α |
R58 |
T788 |
T780 |
punct |
),1α |
R59 |
T790 |
T789 |
acomp |
viable,were |
R60 |
T791 |
T789 |
punct |
.,were |
R61 |
T793 |
T794 |
advmod |
However,revealed |
R62 |
T795 |
T794 |
punct |
", ",revealed |
R63 |
T796 |
T797 |
amod |
extensive,phenotyping |
R64 |
T797 |
T794 |
nsubj |
phenotyping,revealed |
R65 |
T798 |
T799 |
amod |
multi-system,abnormalities |
R66 |
T799 |
T794 |
dobj |
abnormalities,revealed |
R67 |
T800 |
T799 |
amod |
indicative,abnormalities |
R68 |
T801 |
T800 |
prep |
of,indicative |
R69 |
T802 |
T803 |
det |
an,phenotype |
R70 |
T803 |
T801 |
pobj |
phenotype,of |
R71 |
T804 |
T803 |
amod |
abnormal,phenotype |
R72 |
T805 |
T803 |
nmod |
energy,phenotype |
R73 |
T806 |
T803 |
amod |
metabolic,phenotype |
R74 |
T807 |
T794 |
punct |
.,revealed |
R76 |
T810 |
T812 |
nsubjpass |
growth,blunted |
R77 |
T811 |
T810 |
amod |
postnatal,growth |
R78 |
T813 |
T810 |
prep |
of,growth |
R79 |
T814 |
T813 |
pobj |
heart,of |
R80 |
T815 |
T814 |
cc |
and,heart |
R81 |
T816 |
T817 |
amod |
slow,twitch |
R82 |
T817 |
T819 |
nmod |
twitch,muscle |
R83 |
T818 |
T817 |
punct |
-,twitch |
R84 |
T819 |
T814 |
conj |
muscle,heart |
R85 |
T820 |
T819 |
amod |
skeletal,muscle |
R86 |
T821 |
T814 |
punct |
", ",heart |
R87 |
T822 |
T814 |
appos |
organs,heart |
R88 |
T823 |
T822 |
prep |
with,organs |
R89 |
T824 |
T825 |
amod |
high,demands |
R91 |
T826 |
T825 |
amod |
mitochondrial,demands |
R92 |
T827 |
T825 |
compound |
energy,demands |
R93 |
T828 |
T812 |
punct |
", ",blunted |
R94 |
T829 |
T812 |
auxpass |
is,blunted |
R95 |
T830 |
T812 |
prep |
in,blunted |
R96 |
T831 |
T832 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R97 |
T832 |
T834 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R98 |
T833 |
T832 |
punct |
-,1α |
R99 |
T834 |
T830 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R100 |
T835 |
T832 |
punct |
−,1α |
R101 |
T836 |
T832 |
punct |
/,1α |
R102 |
T837 |
T832 |
punct |
−,1α |
R103 |
T838 |
T812 |
punct |
.,blunted |
R104 |
T840 |
T841 |
prep |
With,develop |
R105 |
T842 |
T840 |
pobj |
age,With |
R106 |
T843 |
T841 |
punct |
", ",develop |
R107 |
T844 |
T845 |
det |
the,mice |
R108 |
T845 |
T841 |
nsubj |
mice,develop |
R109 |
T846 |
T847 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R110 |
T847 |
T845 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R111 |
T848 |
T847 |
punct |
-,1α |
R112 |
T849 |
T847 |
punct |
−,1α |
R113 |
T850 |
T847 |
punct |
/,1α |
R114 |
T851 |
T847 |
punct |
−,1α |
R115 |
T852 |
T853 |
advmod |
abnormally,increased |
R116 |
T853 |
T854 |
amod |
increased,fat |
R117 |
T854 |
T841 |
dobj |
fat,develop |
R118 |
T855 |
T854 |
compound |
body,fat |
R119 |
T856 |
T854 |
punct |
", ",fat |
R120 |
T857 |
T858 |
det |
a,phenotype |
R121 |
T858 |
T854 |
appos |
phenotype,fat |
R122 |
T859 |
T860 |
dep |
that,is |
R123 |
T860 |
T858 |
relcl |
is,phenotype |
R124 |
T861 |
T862 |
advmod |
more,severe |
R125 |
T862 |
T860 |
acomp |
severe,is |
R126 |
T863 |
T860 |
prep |
in,is |
R127 |
T864 |
T863 |
pobj |
females,in |
R128 |
T865 |
T841 |
punct |
.,develop |
R129 |
T867 |
T868 |
amod |
Mitochondrial,number |
R130 |
T868 |
T869 |
nsubjpass |
number,diminished |
R131 |
T870 |
T868 |
cc |
and,number |
R132 |
T871 |
T872 |
amod |
respiratory,capacity |
R133 |
T872 |
T868 |
conj |
capacity,number |
R134 |
T873 |
T869 |
auxpass |
is,diminished |
R135 |
T874 |
T869 |
prep |
in,diminished |
R136 |
T875 |
T876 |
amod |
slow,twitch |
R137 |
T876 |
T878 |
nmod |
twitch,muscle |
R138 |
T877 |
T876 |
punct |
-,twitch |
R139 |
T878 |
T874 |
pobj |
muscle,in |
R140 |
T879 |
T878 |
amod |
skeletal,muscle |
R141 |
T880 |
T878 |
prep |
of,muscle |
R142 |
T881 |
T882 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R143 |
T882 |
T884 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R144 |
T883 |
T882 |
punct |
-,1α |
R145 |
T884 |
T880 |
pobj |
mice,of |
R146 |
T885 |
T882 |
punct |
−,1α |
R147 |
T886 |
T882 |
punct |
/,1α |
R148 |
T887 |
T882 |
punct |
−,1α |
R149 |
T888 |
T869 |
punct |
", ",diminished |
R150 |
T889 |
T869 |
advcl |
leading,diminished |
R151 |
T890 |
T889 |
prep |
to,leading |
R152 |
T891 |
T892 |
amod |
reduced,performance |
R153 |
T892 |
T890 |
pobj |
performance,to |
R154 |
T893 |
T892 |
compound |
muscle,performance |
R155 |
T894 |
T892 |
cc |
and,performance |
R156 |
T895 |
T896 |
compound |
exercise,capacity |
R157 |
T896 |
T892 |
conj |
capacity,performance |
R158 |
T897 |
T869 |
punct |
.,diminished |
R159 |
T899 |
T900 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R160 |
T900 |
T902 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R161 |
T901 |
T900 |
punct |
-,1α |
R162 |
T902 |
T906 |
nsubj |
mice,exhibit |
R163 |
T903 |
T900 |
punct |
−,1α |
R164 |
T904 |
T900 |
punct |
/,1α |
R165 |
T905 |
T900 |
punct |
−,1α |
R166 |
T907 |
T908 |
det |
a,diminution |
R167 |
T908 |
T906 |
dobj |
diminution,exhibit |
R168 |
T909 |
T908 |
amod |
modest,diminution |
R169 |
T910 |
T908 |
prep |
in,diminution |
R170 |
T911 |
T912 |
amod |
cardiac,function |
R171 |
T912 |
T910 |
pobj |
function,in |
R172 |
T913 |
T908 |
acl |
related,diminution |
R173 |
T914 |
T913 |
advmod |
largely,related |
R174 |
T915 |
T913 |
prep |
to,related |
R175 |
T916 |
T917 |
amod |
abnormal,control |
R176 |
T917 |
T915 |
pobj |
control,to |
R177 |
T918 |
T917 |
prep |
of,control |
R178 |
T919 |
T920 |
compound |
heart,rate |
R179 |
T920 |
T918 |
pobj |
rate,of |
R180 |
T921 |
T906 |
punct |
.,exhibit |
R181 |
T923 |
T924 |
det |
The,mice |
R182 |
T924 |
T931 |
nsubj |
mice,were |
R183 |
T925 |
T926 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R184 |
T926 |
T924 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R185 |
T927 |
T926 |
punct |
-,1α |
R186 |
T928 |
T926 |
punct |
−,1α |
R187 |
T929 |
T926 |
punct |
/,1α |
R188 |
T930 |
T926 |
punct |
−,1α |
R189 |
T932 |
T931 |
acomp |
unable,were |
R190 |
T933 |
T934 |
aux |
to,maintain |
R191 |
T934 |
T932 |
xcomp |
maintain,unable |
R192 |
T935 |
T936 |
compound |
core,temperature |
R193 |
T936 |
T934 |
dobj |
temperature,maintain |
R194 |
T937 |
T936 |
compound |
body,temperature |
R195 |
T938 |
T934 |
prep |
following,maintain |
R196 |
T939 |
T938 |
pobj |
exposure,following |
R197 |
T940 |
T939 |
prep |
to,exposure |
R198 |
T941 |
T940 |
pobj |
cold,to |
R199 |
T942 |
T931 |
punct |
", ",were |
R200 |
T943 |
T931 |
advcl |
consistent,were |
R201 |
T944 |
T943 |
prep |
with,consistent |
R202 |
T945 |
T946 |
det |
an,response |
R204 |
T947 |
T946 |
amod |
altered,response |
R205 |
T948 |
T946 |
amod |
thermogenic,response |
R206 |
T949 |
T931 |
punct |
.,were |
R207 |
T951 |
T952 |
prep |
Following,develop |
R208 |
T953 |
T954 |
amod |
short,term |
R209 |
T954 |
T956 |
compound |
term,starvation |
R210 |
T955 |
T954 |
punct |
-,term |
R211 |
T956 |
T951 |
pobj |
starvation,Following |
R212 |
T957 |
T952 |
punct |
", ",develop |
R213 |
T958 |
T959 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R214 |
T959 |
T961 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R215 |
T960 |
T959 |
punct |
-,1α |
R216 |
T961 |
T952 |
nsubj |
mice,develop |
R217 |
T962 |
T959 |
punct |
−,1α |
R218 |
T963 |
T959 |
punct |
/,1α |
R219 |
T964 |
T959 |
punct |
−,1α |
R220 |
T965 |
T966 |
amod |
hepatic,steatosis |
R221 |
T966 |
T952 |
dobj |
steatosis,develop |
R222 |
T967 |
T952 |
prep |
due,develop |
R223 |
T968 |
T967 |
pcomp |
to,due |
R224 |
T969 |
T970 |
det |
a,combination |
R225 |
T970 |
T967 |
pobj |
combination,due |
R226 |
T971 |
T970 |
prep |
of,combination |
R227 |
T972 |
T973 |
amod |
reduced,capacity |
R229 |
T974 |
T973 |
amod |
mitochondrial,capacity |
R230 |
T975 |
T973 |
amod |
respiratory,capacity |
R231 |
T976 |
T973 |
cc |
and,capacity |
R232 |
T977 |
T978 |
det |
an,expression |
R233 |
T978 |
T973 |
conj |
expression,capacity |
R234 |
T979 |
T978 |
amod |
increased,expression |
R235 |
T980 |
T978 |
prep |
of,expression |
R236 |
T981 |
T982 |
amod |
lipogenic,genes |
R237 |
T982 |
T980 |
pobj |
genes,of |
R238 |
T983 |
T952 |
punct |
.,develop |
R239 |
T985 |
T986 |
advmod |
Surprisingly,were |
R240 |
T987 |
T986 |
punct |
", ",were |
R241 |
T988 |
T989 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R242 |
T989 |
T991 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R243 |
T990 |
T989 |
punct |
-,1α |
R244 |
T991 |
T986 |
nsubj |
mice,were |
R245 |
T992 |
T989 |
punct |
−,1α |
R246 |
T993 |
T989 |
punct |
/,1α |
R247 |
T994 |
T989 |
punct |
−,1α |
R248 |
T995 |
T996 |
advmod |
less,susceptible |
R249 |
T996 |
T986 |
acomp |
susceptible,were |
R250 |
T997 |
T996 |
prep |
to,susceptible |
R251 |
T998 |
T999 |
npadvmod |
diet,induced |
R252 |
T999 |
T1001 |
amod |
induced,resistance |
R253 |
T1000 |
T999 |
punct |
-,induced |
R254 |
T1001 |
T997 |
pobj |
resistance,to |
R255 |
T1002 |
T1001 |
compound |
insulin,resistance |
R256 |
T1003 |
T996 |
prep |
than,susceptible |
R257 |
T1004 |
T1005 |
amod |
wild,type |
R258 |
T1005 |
T1007 |
compound |
type,controls |
R259 |
T1006 |
T1005 |
punct |
-,type |
R260 |
T1007 |
T1003 |
pobj |
controls,than |
R261 |
T1008 |
T986 |
punct |
.,were |
R262 |
T1010 |
T1011 |
advmod |
Lastly,detected |
R263 |
T1012 |
T1011 |
punct |
", ",detected |
R264 |
T1013 |
T1014 |
amod |
vacuolar,lesions |
R265 |
T1014 |
T1011 |
nsubjpass |
lesions,detected |
R266 |
T1015 |
T1011 |
auxpass |
were,detected |
R267 |
T1016 |
T1011 |
prep |
in,detected |
R268 |
T1017 |
T1018 |
det |
the,system |
R270 |
T1019 |
T1018 |
amod |
central,system |
R271 |
T1020 |
T1018 |
amod |
nervous,system |
R272 |
T1021 |
T1018 |
prep |
of,system |
R273 |
T1022 |
T1023 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R274 |
T1023 |
T1025 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R275 |
T1024 |
T1023 |
punct |
-,1α |
R276 |
T1025 |
T1021 |
pobj |
mice,of |
R277 |
T1026 |
T1023 |
punct |
−,1α |
R278 |
T1027 |
T1023 |
punct |
/,1α |
R279 |
T1028 |
T1023 |
punct |
−,1α |
R280 |
T1029 |
T1011 |
punct |
.,detected |
R281 |
T1031 |
T1032 |
det |
These,results |
R282 |
T1032 |
T1033 |
nsubj |
results,demonstrate |
R283 |
T1034 |
T1035 |
mark |
that,is |
R284 |
T1035 |
T1033 |
ccomp |
is,demonstrate |
R285 |
T1036 |
T1037 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R286 |
T1037 |
T1035 |
nsubj |
1α,is |
R287 |
T1038 |
T1037 |
punct |
-,1α |
R288 |
T1039 |
T1035 |
acomp |
necessary,is |
R289 |
T1040 |
T1039 |
prep |
for,necessary |
R290 |
T1041 |
T1042 |
amod |
appropriate,adaptation |
R291 |
T1042 |
T1040 |
pobj |
adaptation,for |
R292 |
T1043 |
T1042 |
prep |
to,adaptation |
R293 |
T1044 |
T1045 |
det |
the,stressors |
R294 |
T1045 |
T1043 |
pobj |
stressors,to |
R295 |
T1046 |
T1045 |
amod |
metabolic,stressors |
R296 |
T1047 |
T1046 |
cc |
and,metabolic |
R297 |
T1048 |
T1046 |
conj |
physiologic,metabolic |
R298 |
T1049 |
T1045 |
prep |
of,stressors |
R299 |
T1050 |
T1051 |
amod |
postnatal,life |
R300 |
T1051 |
T1049 |
pobj |
life,of |
R301 |
T1052 |
T1033 |
punct |
.,demonstrate |
R324 |
T3501 |
T3502 |
amod |
Mitochondrial,capacity |
R330 |
T3502 |
T3504 |
nsubjpass |
capacity,regulated |
R331 |
T3503 |
T3502 |
amod |
functional,capacity |
R332 |
T3505 |
T3504 |
auxpass |
is,regulated |
R333 |
T3506 |
T3504 |
advmod |
dynamically,regulated |
R334 |
T3507 |
T3508 |
aux |
to,meet |
R335 |
T3508 |
T3504 |
advcl |
meet,regulated |
R336 |
T3509 |
T3510 |
det |
the,demands |
R337 |
T3510 |
T3508 |
dobj |
demands,meet |
R338 |
T3511 |
T3510 |
amod |
diverse,demands |
R339 |
T3512 |
T3510 |
compound |
energy,demands |
R340 |
T3513 |
T3510 |
acl |
imposed,demands |
R341 |
T3514 |
T3513 |
prep |
on,imposed |
R342 |
T3515 |
T3516 |
det |
the,organism |
R343 |
T3516 |
T3514 |
pobj |
organism,on |
R344 |
T3517 |
T3516 |
amod |
mammalian,organism |
R345 |
T3518 |
T3513 |
prep |
following,imposed |
R346 |
T3519 |
T3518 |
pobj |
birth,following |
R347 |
T3530 |
T3531 |
amod |
transcriptional,regulatory |
R348 |
T3531 |
T3528 |
conj |
regulatory,signaling |
R349 |
T3520 |
T3504 |
punct |
.,regulated |
R350 |
T3532 |
T3533 |
dep |
that,control |
R351 |
T3533 |
T3527 |
relcl |
control,pathways |
R352 |
T3534 |
T3535 |
det |
the,expression |
R353 |
T3535 |
T3533 |
dobj |
expression,control |
R354 |
T3536 |
T3535 |
amod |
coordinate,expression |
R355 |
T3537 |
T3535 |
prep |
of,expression |
R356 |
T3538 |
T3539 |
amod |
nuclear,genes |
R357 |
T3539 |
T3537 |
pobj |
genes,of |
R358 |
T3522 |
T3523 |
amod |
Postnatal,biogenesis |
R359 |
T3540 |
T3538 |
cc |
and,nuclear |
R360 |
T3541 |
T3538 |
conj |
mitochondrial,nuclear |
R361 |
T3542 |
T3539 |
acl |
involved,genes |
R362 |
T3543 |
T3542 |
prep |
in,involved |
R363 |
T3523 |
T3525 |
nsubj |
biogenesis,involves |
R364 |
T3544 |
T3545 |
amod |
mitochondrial,structure |
R365 |
T3545 |
T3543 |
pobj |
structure,in |
R366 |
T3524 |
T3523 |
amod |
mitochondrial,biogenesis |
R367 |
T3546 |
T3545 |
punct |
", ",structure |
R368 |
T3547 |
T3545 |
conj |
metabolism,structure |
R369 |
T3526 |
T3527 |
amod |
multiple,pathways |
R370 |
T3548 |
T3547 |
punct |
", ",metabolism |
R371 |
T3549 |
T3547 |
cc |
and,metabolism |
R372 |
T3550 |
T3547 |
conj |
proliferation,metabolism |
R373 |
T3551 |
T3552 |
punct |
[,1 |
R374 |
T3552 |
T3533 |
parataxis |
1,control |
R375 |
T3553 |
T3552 |
punct |
],1 |
R376 |
T3527 |
T3525 |
dobj |
pathways,involves |
R377 |
T3554 |
T3525 |
punct |
.,involves |
R378 |
T3556 |
T3557 |
amod |
Recent,evidence |
R379 |
T3528 |
T3527 |
nmod |
signaling,pathways |
R380 |
T3557 |
T3558 |
nsubj |
evidence,points |
R381 |
T3529 |
T3528 |
cc |
and,signaling |
R382 |
T3559 |
T3558 |
prep |
toward,points |
R383 |
T3560 |
T3561 |
det |
a,coactivator |
R384 |
T3561 |
T3559 |
pobj |
coactivator,toward |
R385 |
T3562 |
T3561 |
amod |
transcriptional,coactivator |
R386 |
T3635 |
T3633 |
pobj |
receptor,with |
R387 |
T3563 |
T3561 |
punct |
", ",coactivator |
R388 |
T3564 |
T3565 |
compound |
peroxisome,proliferator |
R389 |
T3565 |
T3566 |
npadvmod |
proliferator,activated |
R390 |
T3566 |
T3568 |
amod |
activated,receptor |
R391 |
T3567 |
T3566 |
punct |
-,activated |
R392 |
T3636 |
T3635 |
amod |
adipogenic,receptor |
R393 |
T3568 |
T3569 |
nmod |
receptor,1α |
R394 |
T3569 |
T3561 |
appos |
1α,coactivator |
R395 |
T3570 |
T3568 |
punct |
-,receptor |
R396 |
T3637 |
T3635 |
amod |
nuclear,receptor |
R397 |
T3571 |
T3568 |
punct |
γ,receptor |
R398 |
T3572 |
T3568 |
punct |
(,receptor |
R399 |
T3638 |
T3635 |
appos |
PPARγ,receptor |
R400 |
T3573 |
T3568 |
appos |
PPARγ,receptor |
R401 |
T3574 |
T3569 |
punct |
),1α |
R402 |
T3575 |
T3569 |
compound |
coactivator,1α |
R403 |
T3576 |
T3569 |
punct |
-,1α |
R404 |
T3577 |
T3569 |
punct |
(,1α |
R405 |
T3578 |
T3579 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R406 |
T3579 |
T3569 |
appos |
1α,1α |
R407 |
T3639 |
T3640 |
punct |
[,2 |
R408 |
T3580 |
T3579 |
punct |
-,1α |
R409 |
T3581 |
T3561 |
punct |
),coactivator |
R410 |
T3582 |
T3561 |
punct |
", ",coactivator |
R411 |
T3640 |
T3616 |
parataxis |
2,discovered |
R412 |
T3583 |
T3561 |
prep |
as,coactivator |
R413 |
T3584 |
T3585 |
det |
an,integrator |
R414 |
T3585 |
T3583 |
pobj |
integrator,as |
R415 |
T3641 |
T3640 |
punct |
],2 |
R416 |
T3586 |
T3585 |
prep |
of,integrator |
R417 |
T3587 |
T3588 |
det |
the,circuitry |
R418 |
T3642 |
T3616 |
punct |
.,discovered |
R419 |
T3588 |
T3586 |
pobj |
circuitry,of |
R420 |
T3644 |
T3645 |
advmod |
Subsequently,identified |
R421 |
T3589 |
T3588 |
amod |
molecular,circuitry |
R422 |
T3590 |
T3588 |
amod |
regulatory,circuitry |
R423 |
T3591 |
T3588 |
acl |
involved,circuitry |
R424 |
T3592 |
T3591 |
prep |
in,involved |
R425 |
T3646 |
T3645 |
punct |
", ",identified |
R426 |
T3593 |
T3594 |
det |
the,control |
R427 |
T3594 |
T3592 |
pobj |
control,in |
R428 |
T3595 |
T3594 |
amod |
transcriptional,control |
R429 |
T3596 |
T3594 |
prep |
of,control |
R430 |
T3647 |
T3648 |
nummod |
two,members |
R431 |
T3597 |
T3598 |
amod |
cellular,metabolism |
R432 |
T3598 |
T3596 |
pobj |
metabolism,of |
R433 |
T3599 |
T3598 |
compound |
energy,metabolism |
R434 |
T3648 |
T3645 |
nsubjpass |
members,identified |
R435 |
T3600 |
T3588 |
punct |
", ",circuitry |
R436 |
T3601 |
T3588 |
prep |
including,circuitry |
R437 |
T3602 |
T3603 |
amod |
mitochondrial,function |
R439 |
T3603 |
T3601 |
pobj |
function,including |
R440 |
T3604 |
T3603 |
cc |
and,function |
R441 |
T3605 |
T3603 |
conj |
biogenesis,function |
R442 |
T3650 |
T3648 |
nmod |
PGC,members |
R443 |
T3606 |
T3607 |
punct |
[,2 |
R444 |
T3607 |
T3558 |
parataxis |
2,points |
R445 |
T3608 |
T3607 |
nummod |
1,2 |
R446 |
T3609 |
T3607 |
punct |
",",2 |
R447 |
T3651 |
T3650 |
punct |
-,PGC |
R448 |
T3610 |
T3607 |
punct |
],2 |
R449 |
T3611 |
T3558 |
punct |
.,points |
R450 |
T3652 |
T3650 |
nummod |
1,PGC |
R451 |
T3653 |
T3648 |
compound |
family,members |
R452 |
T3613 |
T3614 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R453 |
T3654 |
T3645 |
auxpass |
were,identified |
R454 |
T3614 |
T3616 |
nsubjpass |
1α,discovered |
R455 |
T3615 |
T3614 |
punct |
-,1α |
R456 |
T3617 |
T3616 |
auxpass |
was,discovered |
R457 |
T3618 |
T3616 |
prep |
in,discovered |
R458 |
T3655 |
T3645 |
punct |
", ",identified |
R459 |
T3619 |
T3620 |
det |
a,screen |
R460 |
T3620 |
T3618 |
pobj |
screen,in |
R461 |
T3656 |
T3657 |
npadvmod |
PGC,related |
R462 |
T3621 |
T3620 |
nmod |
yeast,screen |
R463 |
T3622 |
T3623 |
nummod |
two,hybrid |
R464 |
T3623 |
T3620 |
compound |
hybrid,screen |
R465 |
T3657 |
T3660 |
amod |
related,coactivator |
R466 |
T3624 |
T3623 |
punct |
-,hybrid |
R467 |
T3625 |
T3620 |
prep |
for,screen |
R468 |
T3626 |
T3627 |
amod |
brown,adipose |
R469 |
T3658 |
T3656 |
punct |
-,PGC |
R470 |
T3627 |
T3628 |
npadvmod |
adipose,specific |
R471 |
T3628 |
T3630 |
amod |
specific,factors |
R472 |
T3629 |
T3628 |
punct |
-,specific |
R473 |
T3659 |
T3656 |
nummod |
1,PGC |
R474 |
T3630 |
T3625 |
pobj |
factors,for |
R475 |
T3660 |
T3645 |
dobj |
coactivator,identified |
R476 |
T3631 |
T3632 |
dep |
that,interact |
R477 |
T3632 |
T3630 |
relcl |
interact,factors |
R478 |
T3633 |
T3632 |
prep |
with,interact |
R479 |
T3634 |
T3635 |
det |
the,receptor |
R480 |
T3661 |
T3660 |
punct |
(,coactivator |
R481 |
T3662 |
T3660 |
appos |
PRC,coactivator |
R482 |
T3663 |
T3660 |
punct |
),coactivator |
R483 |
T3664 |
T3665 |
punct |
[,3 |
R484 |
T3665 |
T3660 |
parataxis |
3,coactivator |
R485 |
T3740 |
T3741 |
punct |
[,7 |
R486 |
T3741 |
T3707 |
parataxis |
7,is |
R487 |
T3742 |
T3741 |
nummod |
2,7 |
R488 |
T3666 |
T3665 |
punct |
],3 |
R489 |
T3743 |
T3741 |
punct |
",",7 |
R490 |
T3744 |
T3741 |
nummod |
6,7 |
R491 |
T3745 |
T3741 |
punct |
",",7 |
R492 |
T3746 |
T3741 |
punct |
],7 |
R493 |
T3667 |
T3660 |
cc |
and,coactivator |
R494 |
T3747 |
T3707 |
punct |
.,is |
R495 |
T3668 |
T3669 |
compound |
PGC,1β |
R496 |
T3749 |
T3750 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R497 |
T3750 |
T3752 |
nsubjpass |
1α,enriched |
R498 |
T3751 |
T3750 |
punct |
-,1α |
R499 |
T3669 |
T3660 |
conj |
1β,coactivator |
R500 |
T3753 |
T3752 |
auxpass |
is,enriched |
R501 |
T3754 |
T3752 |
prep |
in,enriched |
R502 |
T3670 |
T3669 |
punct |
-,1β |
R503 |
T3755 |
T3756 |
amod |
brown,tissue |
R504 |
T3756 |
T3754 |
pobj |
tissue,in |
R505 |
T3757 |
T3756 |
compound |
adipose,tissue |
R506 |
T3671 |
T3672 |
punct |
[,5 |
R507 |
T3758 |
T3756 |
punct |
(,tissue |
R508 |
T3759 |
T3756 |
appos |
BAT,tissue |
R509 |
T3760 |
T3756 |
punct |
),tissue |
R510 |
T3761 |
T3756 |
punct |
", ",tissue |
R511 |
T3762 |
T3756 |
conj |
heart,tissue |
R512 |
T3763 |
T3762 |
punct |
", ",heart |
R513 |
T3672 |
T3669 |
parataxis |
5,1β |
R514 |
T3764 |
T3765 |
amod |
slow,twitch |
R515 |
T3765 |
T3767 |
nmod |
twitch,muscle |
R516 |
T3766 |
T3765 |
punct |
-,twitch |
R517 |
T3673 |
T3672 |
nummod |
4,5 |
R518 |
T3674 |
T3672 |
punct |
",",5 |
R519 |
T3767 |
T3762 |
conj |
muscle,heart |
R520 |
T3768 |
T3767 |
amod |
skeletal,muscle |
R521 |
T3675 |
T3672 |
punct |
],5 |
R522 |
T3769 |
T3767 |
punct |
", ",muscle |
R523 |
T3770 |
T3767 |
cc |
and,muscle |
R524 |
T3771 |
T3767 |
conj |
kidney,muscle |
R525 |
T3676 |
T3645 |
punct |
.,identified |
R526 |
T3772 |
T3756 |
punct |
—,tissue |
R527 |
T3773 |
T3774 |
advmod |
all,tissues |
R528 |
T3774 |
T3756 |
appos |
tissues,tissue |
R529 |
T3678 |
T3679 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R530 |
T3775 |
T3774 |
prep |
with,tissues |
R531 |
T3776 |
T3777 |
amod |
high,capacity |
R532 |
T3777 |
T3779 |
nmod |
capacity,systems |
R533 |
T3679 |
T3681 |
nsubj |
1α,serves |
R534 |
T3778 |
T3777 |
punct |
-,capacity |
R535 |
T3779 |
T3775 |
pobj |
systems,with |
R536 |
T3780 |
T3779 |
amod |
mitochondrial,systems |
R537 |
T3680 |
T3679 |
punct |
-,1α |
R538 |
T3781 |
T3752 |
punct |
.,enriched |
R539 |
T3783 |
T3784 |
det |
The,expression |
R540 |
T3682 |
T3681 |
prep |
as,serves |
R541 |
T3784 |
T3785 |
nsubjpass |
expression,induced |
R542 |
T3683 |
T3684 |
det |
a,coactivator |
R543 |
T3684 |
T3682 |
pobj |
coactivator,as |
R544 |
T3786 |
T3784 |
prep |
of,expression |
R545 |
T3787 |
T3788 |
det |
the,gene |
R546 |
T3685 |
T3684 |
amod |
direct,coactivator |
R547 |
T3788 |
T3786 |
pobj |
gene,of |
R548 |
T3789 |
T3788 |
acl |
encoding,gene |
R549 |
T3790 |
T3791 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R550 |
T3686 |
T3684 |
amod |
transcriptional,coactivator |
R551 |
T3791 |
T3789 |
dobj |
1α,encoding |
R552 |
T3792 |
T3791 |
punct |
-,1α |
R553 |
T3687 |
T3684 |
prep |
of,coactivator |
R554 |
T3793 |
T3785 |
auxpass |
is,induced |
R555 |
T3794 |
T3785 |
advmod |
rapidly,induced |
R556 |
T3688 |
T3689 |
amod |
nuclear,factors |
R557 |
T3795 |
T3785 |
agent |
by,induced |
R558 |
T3796 |
T3797 |
compound |
cold,exposure |
R559 |
T3797 |
T3795 |
pobj |
exposure,by |
R560 |
T3798 |
T3797 |
punct |
", ",exposure |
R561 |
T3799 |
T3800 |
amod |
short,term |
R562 |
T3800 |
T3802 |
compound |
term,exercise |
R563 |
T3689 |
T3687 |
pobj |
factors,of |
R564 |
T3801 |
T3800 |
punct |
-,term |
R565 |
T3802 |
T3797 |
conj |
exercise,exposure |
R566 |
T3803 |
T3802 |
punct |
", ",exercise |
R567 |
T3690 |
T3688 |
cc |
and,nuclear |
R568 |
T3804 |
T3802 |
cc |
and,exercise |
R569 |
T3805 |
T3802 |
conj |
fasting,exercise |
R570 |
T3806 |
T3807 |
punct |
[,15 |
R571 |
T3807 |
T3785 |
parataxis |
15,induced |
R572 |
T3808 |
T3807 |
nummod |
2,15 |
R573 |
T3809 |
T3807 |
punct |
",",15 |
R574 |
T3691 |
T3688 |
conj |
nonnuclear,nuclear |
R575 |
T3810 |
T3807 |
nummod |
8,15 |
R576 |
T3811 |
T3807 |
punct |
",",15 |
R577 |
T3812 |
T3807 |
nummod |
9,15 |
R578 |
T3813 |
T3807 |
punct |
",",15 |
R579 |
T3692 |
T3689 |
compound |
receptor,factors |
R580 |
T3814 |
T3807 |
nummod |
10,15 |
R581 |
T3815 |
T3807 |
punct |
",",15 |
R582 |
T3816 |
T3807 |
nummod |
11,15 |
R583 |
T3693 |
T3689 |
compound |
transcription,factors |
R584 |
T3817 |
T3807 |
punct |
",",15 |
R585 |
T3694 |
T3689 |
acl |
involved,factors |
R586 |
T3818 |
T3807 |
nummod |
12,15 |
R587 |
T3819 |
T3807 |
punct |
",",15 |
R588 |
T3820 |
T3807 |
nummod |
13,15 |
R589 |
T3821 |
T3807 |
punct |
",",15 |
R590 |
T3695 |
T3694 |
prep |
in,involved |
R591 |
T3822 |
T3807 |
nummod |
14,15 |
R592 |
T3823 |
T3807 |
punct |
",",15 |
R593 |
T3824 |
T3807 |
punct |
],15 |
R594 |
T3825 |
T3785 |
punct |
.,induced |
R595 |
T3696 |
T3697 |
amod |
cellular,metabolism |
R596 |
T3827 |
T3828 |
det |
These,observations |
R597 |
T3828 |
T3830 |
nsubj |
observations,suggest |
R598 |
T3697 |
T3695 |
pobj |
metabolism,in |
R599 |
T3829 |
T3828 |
amod |
latter,observations |
R600 |
T3698 |
T3697 |
compound |
energy,metabolism |
R601 |
T3831 |
T3832 |
mark |
that,involved |
R602 |
T3832 |
T3830 |
ccomp |
involved,suggest |
R603 |
T3833 |
T3834 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R604 |
T3699 |
T3700 |
punct |
[,6 |
R605 |
T3834 |
T3832 |
nsubjpass |
1α,involved |
R606 |
T3835 |
T3834 |
punct |
-,1α |
R607 |
T3836 |
T3832 |
auxpass |
is,involved |
R608 |
T3837 |
T3832 |
prep |
in,involved |
R609 |
T3838 |
T3839 |
det |
the,control |
R610 |
T3700 |
T3681 |
parataxis |
6,serves |
R611 |
T3839 |
T3837 |
pobj |
control,in |
R612 |
T3840 |
T3839 |
amod |
physiologic,control |
R613 |
T3841 |
T3839 |
prep |
of,control |
R614 |
T3842 |
T3843 |
compound |
energy,metabolism |
R615 |
T3843 |
T3841 |
pobj |
metabolism,of |
R616 |
T3844 |
T3830 |
punct |
.,suggest |
R617 |
T3701 |
T3700 |
punct |
],6 |
R618 |
T3702 |
T3681 |
punct |
.,serves |
R619 |
T3704 |
T3705 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R620 |
T3846 |
T3847 |
amod |
Several,lines |
R621 |
T3847 |
T3848 |
nsubj |
lines,indicate |
R622 |
T3705 |
T3707 |
nsubj |
1α,is |
R623 |
T3849 |
T3847 |
prep |
of,lines |
R624 |
T3850 |
T3849 |
pobj |
evidence,of |
R625 |
T3851 |
T3847 |
punct |
", ",lines |
R626 |
T3706 |
T3705 |
punct |
-,1α |
R627 |
T3852 |
T3847 |
prep |
based,lines |
R628 |
T3853 |
T3852 |
prep |
on,based |
R629 |
T3854 |
T3855 |
det |
the,results |
R630 |
T3708 |
T3707 |
acomp |
distinct,is |
R631 |
T3855 |
T3853 |
pobj |
results,on |
R632 |
T3856 |
T3855 |
prep |
of,results |
R633 |
T3857 |
T3858 |
compound |
overexpression,studies |
R634 |
T3709 |
T3707 |
prep |
among,is |
R635 |
T3858 |
T3856 |
pobj |
studies,of |
R636 |
T3859 |
T3848 |
punct |
", ",indicate |
R637 |
T3860 |
T3861 |
mark |
that,is |
R638 |
T3710 |
T3711 |
amod |
most,coactivators |
R639 |
T3861 |
T3848 |
ccomp |
is,indicate |
R640 |
T3711 |
T3709 |
pobj |
coactivators,among |
R641 |
T3862 |
T3863 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R642 |
T3863 |
T3861 |
nsubj |
1α,is |
R643 |
T3864 |
T3863 |
punct |
-,1α |
R644 |
T3712 |
T3713 |
mark |
in,exhibits |
R645 |
T3865 |
T3861 |
acomp |
sufficient,is |
R646 |
T3866 |
T3867 |
aux |
to,promote |
R647 |
T3867 |
T3861 |
advcl |
promote,is |
R648 |
T3713 |
T3707 |
advcl |
exhibits,is |
R649 |
T3868 |
T3869 |
amod |
mitochondrial,biogenesis |
R650 |
T3869 |
T3867 |
dobj |
biogenesis,promote |
R651 |
T3870 |
T3867 |
cc |
and,promote |
R652 |
T3714 |
T3713 |
mark |
that,exhibits |
R653 |
T3715 |
T3713 |
nsubj |
it,exhibits |
R654 |
T3871 |
T3867 |
conj |
regulate,promote |
R655 |
T3872 |
T3873 |
amod |
mitochondrial,capacity |
R656 |
T3716 |
T3717 |
det |
a,pattern |
R657 |
T3873 |
T3871 |
dobj |
capacity,regulate |
R658 |
T3874 |
T3873 |
amod |
respiratory,capacity |
R659 |
T3875 |
T3848 |
punct |
.,indicate |
R660 |
T3717 |
T3713 |
dobj |
pattern,exhibits |
R661 |
T3877 |
T3878 |
advmod |
First,activates |
R662 |
T3718 |
T3719 |
npadvmod |
tissue,enriched |
R663 |
T3879 |
T3878 |
punct |
", ",activates |
R664 |
T3880 |
T3881 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R665 |
T3881 |
T3878 |
nsubj |
1α,activates |
R666 |
T3719 |
T3717 |
amod |
enriched,pattern |
R667 |
T3882 |
T3881 |
punct |
-,1α |
R668 |
T3883 |
T3884 |
det |
the,transcription |
R669 |
T3884 |
T3878 |
dobj |
transcription,activates |
R670 |
T3720 |
T3719 |
punct |
-,enriched |
R671 |
T3721 |
T3717 |
compound |
expression,pattern |
R672 |
T3885 |
T3884 |
prep |
of,transcription |
R673 |
T3722 |
T3713 |
cc |
and,exhibits |
R674 |
T3886 |
T3887 |
amod |
mitochondrial,protein |
R675 |
T3887 |
T3885 |
pobj |
protein,of |
R676 |
T3723 |
T3713 |
conj |
is,exhibits |
R677 |
T3888 |
T3887 |
compound |
uncoupling,protein |
R678 |
T3889 |
T3887 |
punct |
-,protein |
R679 |
T3890 |
T3887 |
nummod |
1,protein |
R680 |
T3724 |
T3725 |
advmod |
highly,inducible |
R681 |
T3891 |
T3887 |
punct |
(,protein |
R682 |
T3892 |
T3887 |
appos |
UCP,protein |
R683 |
T3725 |
T3723 |
acomp |
inducible,is |
R684 |
T3893 |
T3892 |
punct |
-,UCP |
R685 |
T3894 |
T3892 |
nummod |
1,UCP |
R686 |
T3895 |
T3878 |
punct |
),activates |
R687 |
T3896 |
T3878 |
prep |
in,activates |
R688 |
T3726 |
T3725 |
prep |
by,inducible |
R689 |
T3897 |
T3896 |
pobj |
BAT,in |
R690 |
T3898 |
T3878 |
prep |
through,activates |
R691 |
T3899 |
T3898 |
pobj |
interactions,through |
R692 |
T3727 |
T3728 |
amod |
physiologic,conditions |
R693 |
T3900 |
T3899 |
prep |
with,interactions |
R694 |
T3901 |
T3902 |
det |
the,receptors |
R695 |
T3902 |
T3900 |
pobj |
receptors,with |
R696 |
T3728 |
T3726 |
pobj |
conditions,by |
R697 |
T3903 |
T3902 |
amod |
nuclear,receptors |
R698 |
T3904 |
T3902 |
compound |
hormone,receptors |
R699 |
T3905 |
T3902 |
appos |
PPARγ,receptors |
R700 |
T3729 |
T3728 |
acl |
known,conditions |
R701 |
T3906 |
T3905 |
cc |
and,PPARγ |
R702 |
T3907 |
T3908 |
compound |
thyroid,receptor |
R703 |
T3730 |
T3731 |
aux |
to,increase |
R704 |
T3908 |
T3905 |
conj |
receptor,PPARγ |
R705 |
T3909 |
T3910 |
punct |
[,2 |
R706 |
T3910 |
T3878 |
parataxis |
2,activates |
R707 |
T3911 |
T3910 |
punct |
],2 |
R708 |
T3731 |
T3729 |
xcomp |
increase,known |
R709 |
T3912 |
T3878 |
punct |
.,activates |
R710 |
T3914 |
T3915 |
advmod |
Second,demonstrated |
R711 |
T3732 |
T3733 |
det |
the,demand |
R712 |
T3916 |
T3915 |
punct |
", ",demonstrated |
R713 |
T3917 |
T3918 |
amod |
forced,studies |
R714 |
T3733 |
T3731 |
dobj |
demand,increase |
R715 |
T3918 |
T3915 |
nsubj |
studies,demonstrated |
R716 |
T3919 |
T3918 |
compound |
expression,studies |
R717 |
T3920 |
T3918 |
prep |
in,studies |
R718 |
T3921 |
T3922 |
amod |
adipogenic,lines |
R719 |
T3922 |
T3920 |
pobj |
lines,in |
R720 |
T3923 |
T3921 |
cc |
and,adipogenic |
R721 |
T3734 |
T3733 |
prep |
for,demand |
R722 |
T3924 |
T3921 |
conj |
myogenic,adipogenic |
R723 |
T3925 |
T3922 |
amod |
mammalian,lines |
R724 |
T3926 |
T3922 |
compound |
cell,lines |
R725 |
T3927 |
T3928 |
mark |
that,activates |
R726 |
T3735 |
T3736 |
amod |
mitochondrial,ATP |
R727 |
T3928 |
T3915 |
ccomp |
activates,demonstrated |
R728 |
T3929 |
T3930 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R729 |
T3930 |
T3928 |
nsubj |
1α,activates |
R730 |
T3736 |
T3734 |
pobj |
ATP,for |
R731 |
T3931 |
T3930 |
punct |
-,1α |
R732 |
T3932 |
T3933 |
amod |
mitochondrial,biogenesis |
R733 |
T3933 |
T3928 |
dobj |
biogenesis,activates |
R734 |
T3934 |
T3928 |
prep |
through,activates |
R735 |
T3737 |
T3736 |
cc |
or,ATP |
R736 |
T3935 |
T3936 |
det |
a,group |
R737 |
T3936 |
T3934 |
pobj |
group,through |
R738 |
T3937 |
T3936 |
prep |
of,group |
R739 |
T3738 |
T3739 |
compound |
heat,production |
R740 |
T3938 |
T3939 |
compound |
transcription,targets |
R741 |
T3939 |
T3937 |
pobj |
targets,of |
R742 |
T3940 |
T3939 |
compound |
factor,targets |
R743 |
T3739 |
T3736 |
conj |
production,ATP |
R744 |
T3941 |
T3936 |
prep |
including,group |
R745 |
T3942 |
T3943 |
amod |
nuclear,factors |
R746 |
T3943 |
T3941 |
pobj |
factors,including |
R747 |
T3951 |
T3950 |
punct |
-,1 |
R748 |
T3944 |
T3943 |
amod |
respiratory,factors |
R749 |
T3945 |
T3943 |
appos |
1,factors |
R750 |
T3946 |
T3945 |
cc |
and,1 |
R751 |
T3947 |
T3945 |
conj |
2,1 |
R752 |
T3948 |
T3943 |
punct |
(,factors |
R753 |
T3949 |
T3950 |
nmod |
NRF,1 |
R754 |
T3952 |
T3950 |
cc |
and,1 |
R755 |
T3950 |
T3943 |
appos |
1,factors |
R756 |
T3953 |
T3954 |
punct |
-,2 |
R757 |
T3954 |
T3950 |
conj |
2,1 |
R758 |
T3955 |
T3943 |
punct |
),factors |
R759 |
T4057 |
T4056 |
punct |
", ",indicate |
R760 |
T3956 |
T3943 |
cc |
and,factors |
R761 |
T4058 |
T4059 |
det |
these,results |
R762 |
T4059 |
T4056 |
nsubj |
results,indicate |
R763 |
T4060 |
T4061 |
mark |
that,is |
R764 |
T3957 |
T3958 |
amod |
mitochondrial,A |
R765 |
T4061 |
T4056 |
ccomp |
is,indicate |
R766 |
T4062 |
T4063 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R767 |
T4063 |
T4061 |
nsubj |
1α,is |
R768 |
T3958 |
T3943 |
conj |
A,factors |
R769 |
T4064 |
T4063 |
punct |
-,1α |
R770 |
T4065 |
T4061 |
acomp |
sufficient,is |
R771 |
T4066 |
T4067 |
aux |
to,drive |
R772 |
T4067 |
T4061 |
advcl |
drive,is |
R773 |
T4068 |
T4069 |
amod |
mitochondrial,biogenesis |
R774 |
T4069 |
T4067 |
dobj |
biogenesis,drive |
R775 |
T3959 |
T3958 |
compound |
transcription,A |
R776 |
T4070 |
T4056 |
punct |
.,indicate |
R777 |
T4072 |
T4073 |
amod |
Recent,evidence |
R778 |
T3960 |
T3958 |
compound |
factor,A |
R779 |
T4073 |
T4074 |
nsubj |
evidence,implicates |
R780 |
T4075 |
T4074 |
advmod |
also,implicates |
R781 |
T3961 |
T3958 |
punct |
(,A |
R782 |
T4076 |
T4077 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R783 |
T4077 |
T4074 |
dobj |
1α,implicates |
R784 |
T4078 |
T4077 |
punct |
-,1α |
R785 |
T3962 |
T3958 |
appos |
Tfam,A |
R786 |
T4079 |
T4074 |
prep |
in,implicates |
R787 |
T4080 |
T4081 |
det |
the,control |
R788 |
T3963 |
T3943 |
punct |
),factors |
R789 |
T4081 |
T4079 |
pobj |
control,in |
R790 |
T4082 |
T4081 |
amod |
homeostatic,control |
R791 |
T4083 |
T4081 |
prep |
of,control |
R792 |
T3964 |
T3943 |
punct |
", ",factors |
R793 |
T4084 |
T4085 |
amod |
systemic,metabolism |
R794 |
T4085 |
T4083 |
pobj |
metabolism,of |
R795 |
T4086 |
T4085 |
compound |
energy,metabolism |
R796 |
T3965 |
T3966 |
amod |
key,regulators |
R797 |
T4087 |
T4074 |
punct |
.,implicates |
R798 |
T4089 |
T4090 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R799 |
T3966 |
T3943 |
appos |
regulators,factors |
R800 |
T4090 |
T4092 |
nsubjpass |
1α,shown |
R801 |
T4091 |
T4090 |
punct |
-,1α |
R802 |
T3967 |
T3966 |
amod |
transcriptional,regulators |
R803 |
T4093 |
T4092 |
aux |
has,shown |
R804 |
T3968 |
T3966 |
prep |
of,regulators |
R805 |
T4094 |
T4092 |
auxpass |
been,shown |
R806 |
T4095 |
T4096 |
aux |
to,regulate |
R807 |
T4096 |
T4092 |
xcomp |
regulate,shown |
R808 |
T4097 |
T4098 |
amod |
several,genes |
R809 |
T3969 |
T3970 |
amod |
mitochondrial,transcription |
R810 |
T4098 |
T4096 |
dobj |
genes,regulate |
R811 |
T4099 |
T4098 |
amod |
key,genes |
R812 |
T4100 |
T4098 |
amod |
hepatic,genes |
R813 |
T3970 |
T3968 |
pobj |
transcription,of |
R814 |
T4101 |
T4098 |
amod |
gluconeogenic,genes |
R815 |
T4102 |
T4103 |
punct |
[,21 |
R816 |
T3971 |
T3970 |
compound |
DNA,transcription |
R817 |
T4103 |
T4092 |
parataxis |
21,shown |
R818 |
T4104 |
T4103 |
nummod |
18,21 |
R819 |
T4105 |
T4103 |
punct |
",",21 |
R820 |
T3972 |
T3970 |
cc |
and,transcription |
R821 |
T4106 |
T4103 |
nummod |
19,21 |
R822 |
T4107 |
T4103 |
punct |
",",21 |
R823 |
T4108 |
T4103 |
nummod |
20,21 |
R824 |
T4109 |
T4103 |
punct |
",",21 |
R825 |
T4110 |
T4103 |
punct |
],21 |
R826 |
T4111 |
T4092 |
punct |
.,shown |
R827 |
T3973 |
T3970 |
conj |
replication,transcription |
R828 |
T4113 |
T4114 |
amod |
Recent,studies |
R829 |
T4114 |
T4115 |
nsubj |
studies,shown |
R830 |
T3974 |
T3975 |
punct |
[,8 |
R831 |
T4116 |
T4115 |
aux |
have,shown |
R832 |
T4117 |
T4115 |
advmod |
also,shown |
R833 |
T4118 |
T4119 |
amod |
altered,expression |
R834 |
T3975 |
T3966 |
parataxis |
8,regulators |
R835 |
T4119 |
T4115 |
dobj |
expression,shown |
R836 |
T4120 |
T4119 |
prep |
of,expression |
R837 |
T4121 |
T4122 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R838 |
T3976 |
T3975 |
punct |
],8 |
R839 |
T4122 |
T4124 |
nmod |
1α,pathways |
R840 |
T4123 |
T4122 |
punct |
-,1α |
R841 |
T4124 |
T4120 |
pobj |
pathways,of |
R842 |
T3977 |
T3915 |
punct |
.,demonstrated |
R843 |
T4125 |
T4122 |
cc |
and,1α |
R844 |
T4126 |
T4127 |
amod |
downstream,mitochondrial |
R845 |
T4127 |
T4122 |
conj |
mitochondrial,1α |
R846 |
T3979 |
T3980 |
advmod |
Third,demonstrated |
R847 |
T4128 |
T4124 |
compound |
target,pathways |
R848 |
T4129 |
T4115 |
prep |
in,shown |
R849 |
T3981 |
T3980 |
punct |
", ",demonstrated |
R850 |
T4130 |
T4131 |
amod |
skeletal,muscle |
R851 |
T4131 |
T4129 |
pobj |
muscle,in |
R852 |
T3982 |
T3980 |
nsubj |
studies,demonstrated |
R853 |
T4132 |
T4131 |
prep |
of,muscle |
R854 |
T4133 |
T4132 |
pobj |
humans,of |
R855 |
T4134 |
T4133 |
prep |
with,humans |
R856 |
T3983 |
T3982 |
prep |
in,studies |
R857 |
T4135 |
T4136 |
compound |
insulin,resistance |
R858 |
T4136 |
T4134 |
pobj |
resistance,with |
R859 |
T3984 |
T3985 |
amod |
primary,myocytes |
R860 |
T4137 |
T4136 |
cc |
and,resistance |
R861 |
T4138 |
T4136 |
conj |
diabetes,resistance |
R862 |
T3985 |
T3983 |
pobj |
myocytes,in |
R863 |
T4139 |
T4140 |
punct |
[,24 |
R864 |
T4140 |
T4115 |
parataxis |
24,shown |
R865 |
T4141 |
T4140 |
nummod |
22,24 |
R866 |
T3986 |
T3985 |
amod |
cardiac,myocytes |
R867 |
T4142 |
T4140 |
punct |
",",24 |
R868 |
T4143 |
T4140 |
nummod |
23,24 |
R869 |
T4144 |
T4140 |
punct |
",",24 |
R870 |
T3987 |
T3982 |
prep |
in,studies |
R871 |
T4145 |
T4140 |
punct |
],24 |
R872 |
T4146 |
T4115 |
punct |
.,shown |
R873 |
T4148 |
T4149 |
prep |
In,shown |
R874 |
T3988 |
T3987 |
pobj |
culture,in |
R875 |
T4150 |
T4148 |
pobj |
addition,In |
R876 |
T4151 |
T4149 |
punct |
", ",shown |
R877 |
T4152 |
T4153 |
amod |
single,nucleotide |
R878 |
T4153 |
T4154 |
compound |
nucleotide,polymorphisms |
R879 |
T3989 |
T3987 |
cc |
and,in |
R880 |
T4154 |
T4149 |
nsubjpass |
polymorphisms,shown |
R881 |
T4155 |
T4154 |
prep |
within,polymorphisms |
R882 |
T4156 |
T4157 |
det |
the,gene |
R883 |
T3990 |
T3987 |
conj |
in,in |
R884 |
T4157 |
T4155 |
pobj |
gene,within |
R885 |
T4158 |
T4157 |
amod |
human,gene |
R886 |
T4159 |
T4160 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R887 |
T4160 |
T4157 |
compound |
1α,gene |
R888 |
T3991 |
T3992 |
det |
the,hearts |
R889 |
T4161 |
T4160 |
punct |
-,1α |
R890 |
T3992 |
T3990 |
pobj |
hearts,in |
R891 |
T3993 |
T3992 |
prep |
of,hearts |
R892 |
T4162 |
T4149 |
aux |
have,shown |
R893 |
T3994 |
T3995 |
amod |
transgenic,mice |
R894 |
T4163 |
T4149 |
auxpass |
been,shown |
R895 |
T4164 |
T4165 |
aux |
to,associated |
R896 |
T4165 |
T4149 |
xcomp |
associated,shown |
R897 |
T3995 |
T3993 |
pobj |
mice,of |
R898 |
T4166 |
T4165 |
auxpass |
be,associated |
R899 |
T4167 |
T4165 |
prep |
with,associated |
R900 |
T4168 |
T4167 |
pobj |
obesity,with |
R901 |
T3996 |
T3980 |
aux |
have,demonstrated |
R902 |
T4169 |
T4168 |
punct |
", ",obesity |
R903 |
T4170 |
T4168 |
conj |
hypertension,obesity |
R904 |
T4171 |
T4170 |
punct |
", ",hypertension |
R905 |
T3997 |
T3998 |
mark |
that,promotes |
R906 |
T4172 |
T4170 |
cc |
and,hypertension |
R907 |
T4173 |
T4170 |
conj |
diabetes,hypertension |
R908 |
T3998 |
T3980 |
ccomp |
promotes,demonstrated |
R909 |
T4174 |
T4175 |
punct |
[,30 |
R910 |
T4175 |
T4149 |
parataxis |
30,shown |
R911 |
T3999 |
T3998 |
nsubj |
overexpression,promotes |
R912 |
T4176 |
T4175 |
nummod |
25,30 |
R913 |
T4177 |
T4175 |
punct |
",",30 |
R914 |
T4178 |
T4175 |
nummod |
26,30 |
R915 |
T4000 |
T3999 |
prep |
of,overexpression |
R916 |
T4179 |
T4175 |
punct |
",",30 |
R917 |
T4180 |
T4175 |
nummod |
27,30 |
R918 |
T4181 |
T4175 |
punct |
",",30 |
R919 |
T4182 |
T4175 |
nummod |
28,30 |
R920 |
T4001 |
T4002 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R921 |
T4183 |
T4175 |
punct |
",",30 |
R922 |
T4184 |
T4175 |
nummod |
29,30 |
R923 |
T4185 |
T4175 |
punct |
",",30 |
R924 |
T4002 |
T4000 |
pobj |
1α,of |
R925 |
T4186 |
T4175 |
punct |
],30 |
R926 |
T4187 |
T4149 |
punct |
.,shown |
R927 |
T4189 |
T4190 |
det |
The,studies |
R928 |
T4190 |
T4196 |
nsubj |
studies,provide |
R929 |
T4191 |
T4190 |
nmod |
gain,studies |
R930 |
T4003 |
T4002 |
punct |
-,1α |
R931 |
T4192 |
T4191 |
punct |
-,gain |
R932 |
T4193 |
T4191 |
prep |
of,gain |
R933 |
T4194 |
T4193 |
punct |
-,of |
R934 |
T4004 |
T4005 |
amod |
mitochondrial,biogenesis |
R935 |
T4195 |
T4193 |
pobj |
function,of |
R936 |
T4197 |
T4190 |
acl |
described,studies |
R937 |
T4198 |
T4197 |
prep |
to,described |
R938 |
T4005 |
T3998 |
dobj |
biogenesis,promotes |
R939 |
T4199 |
T4198 |
pobj |
date,to |
R940 |
T4200 |
T4201 |
amod |
compelling,evidence |
R941 |
T4201 |
T4196 |
dobj |
evidence,provide |
R942 |
T4006 |
T4007 |
punct |
[,16 |
R943 |
T4202 |
T4203 |
mark |
that,is |
R944 |
T4203 |
T4201 |
acl |
is,evidence |
R945 |
T4204 |
T4205 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R946 |
T4007 |
T3980 |
parataxis |
16,demonstrated |
R947 |
T4205 |
T4203 |
nsubj |
1α,is |
R948 |
T4206 |
T4205 |
punct |
-,1α |
R949 |
T4207 |
T4203 |
acomp |
capable,is |
R950 |
T4008 |
T4007 |
nummod |
10,16 |
R951 |
T4208 |
T4207 |
prep |
of,capable |
R952 |
T4209 |
T4208 |
pcomp |
regulating,of |
R953 |
T4210 |
T4211 |
amod |
postnatal,metabolism |
R954 |
T4009 |
T4007 |
punct |
",",16 |
R955 |
T4211 |
T4209 |
dobj |
metabolism,regulating |
R956 |
T4212 |
T4211 |
compound |
energy,metabolism |
R957 |
T4213 |
T4196 |
punct |
.,provide |
R958 |
T4010 |
T4007 |
punct |
],16 |
R959 |
T4215 |
T4216 |
advmod |
However,addressed |
R960 |
T4011 |
T3980 |
punct |
.,demonstrated |
R961 |
T4013 |
T4014 |
advmod |
Lastly,triggers |
R962 |
T4217 |
T4216 |
punct |
", ",addressed |
R963 |
T4218 |
T4219 |
det |
the,necessity |
R964 |
T4015 |
T4014 |
punct |
", ",triggers |
R965 |
T4219 |
T4216 |
nsubjpass |
necessity,addressed |
R966 |
T4220 |
T4219 |
prep |
of,necessity |
R967 |
T4221 |
T4222 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R968 |
T4016 |
T4017 |
amod |
forced,expression |
R969 |
T4222 |
T4220 |
pobj |
1α,of |
R970 |
T4223 |
T4222 |
punct |
-,1α |
R971 |
T4224 |
T4219 |
prep |
for,necessity |
R972 |
T4017 |
T4014 |
nsubj |
expression,triggers |
R973 |
T4225 |
T4226 |
nmod |
energy,homeostasis |
R974 |
T4226 |
T4224 |
pobj |
homeostasis,for |
R975 |
T4018 |
T4017 |
prep |
of,expression |
R976 |
T4227 |
T4226 |
amod |
metabolic,homeostasis |
R977 |
T4228 |
T4226 |
punct |
", ",homeostasis |
R978 |
T4229 |
T4230 |
amod |
mitochondrial,biogenesis |
R979 |
T4230 |
T4226 |
conj |
biogenesis,homeostasis |
R980 |
T4231 |
T4230 |
punct |
", ",biogenesis |
R981 |
T4232 |
T4230 |
conj |
development,biogenesis |
R982 |
T4019 |
T4020 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R983 |
T4233 |
T4232 |
punct |
", ",development |
R984 |
T4234 |
T4232 |
cc |
and,development |
R985 |
T4235 |
T4232 |
conj |
growth,development |
R986 |
T4020 |
T4018 |
pobj |
1α,of |
R987 |
T4236 |
T4216 |
aux |
can,addressed |
R988 |
T4237 |
T4216 |
advmod |
only,addressed |
R989 |
T4238 |
T4216 |
auxpass |
be,addressed |
R990 |
T4021 |
T4020 |
punct |
-,1α |
R991 |
T4239 |
T4216 |
advcl |
using,addressed |
R992 |
T4240 |
T4241 |
nmod |
loss,strategies |
R993 |
T4241 |
T4239 |
dobj |
strategies,using |
R994 |
T4022 |
T4017 |
prep |
in,expression |
R995 |
T4242 |
T4240 |
punct |
-,loss |
R996 |
T4243 |
T4240 |
prep |
of,loss |
R997 |
T4244 |
T4243 |
punct |
-,of |
R998 |
T4245 |
T4243 |
pobj |
function,of |
R999 |
T4023 |
T4024 |
amod |
skeletal,muscle |
R1000 |
T4246 |
T4216 |
punct |
.,addressed |
R1001 |
T4248 |
T4249 |
prep |
To,established |
R1002 |
T4024 |
T4022 |
pobj |
muscle,in |
R1003 |
T4250 |
T4251 |
det |
this,end |
R1004 |
T4251 |
T4248 |
pobj |
end,To |
R1005 |
T4025 |
T4024 |
prep |
of,muscle |
R1009 |
T4026 |
T4027 |
amod |
transgenic,mice |
R1010 |
T4255 |
T4249 |
cc |
and,established |
R1011 |
T4256 |
T4249 |
conj |
characterized,established |
R1012 |
T4257 |
T4256 |
dobj |
mice,characterized |
R1013 |
T4258 |
T4257 |
prep |
with,mice |
R1014 |
T4027 |
T4025 |
pobj |
mice,of |
R1015 |
T4259 |
T4260 |
amod |
targeted,deletion |
R1016 |
T4260 |
T4258 |
pobj |
deletion,with |
R1017 |
T4028 |
T4029 |
amod |
mitochondrial,proliferation |
R1018 |
T4261 |
T4260 |
prep |
of,deletion |
R1019 |
T4262 |
T4263 |
det |
the,gene |
R1021 |
T4029 |
T4014 |
dobj |
proliferation,triggers |
R1022 |
T4264 |
T4265 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R1023 |
T4265 |
T4263 |
compound |
1α,gene |
R1024 |
T4266 |
T4265 |
punct |
-,1α |
R1025 |
T4030 |
T4029 |
cc |
and,proliferation |
R1026 |
T4267 |
T4249 |
punct |
.,established |
R1027 |
T4031 |
T4032 |
det |
the,formation |
R1028 |
T4032 |
T4029 |
conj |
formation,proliferation |
R1029 |
T4033 |
T4032 |
prep |
of,formation |
R1030 |
T4269 |
T4270 |
poss |
Our,studies |
R1031 |
T4270 |
T4271 |
nsubj |
studies,demonstrate |
R1032 |
T4272 |
T4270 |
prep |
of,studies |
R1033 |
T4273 |
T4274 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R1034 |
T4034 |
T4035 |
amod |
mitochondrial,rich |
R1035 |
T4274 |
T4276 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R1036 |
T4035 |
T4037 |
amod |
rich,fibers |
R1037 |
T4036 |
T4035 |
punct |
-,rich |
R1038 |
T4275 |
T4274 |
punct |
-,1α |
R1039 |
T4037 |
T4033 |
pobj |
fibers,of |
R1040 |
T4276 |
T4272 |
pobj |
mice,of |
R1041 |
T4277 |
T4274 |
punct |
−,1α |
R1042 |
T4278 |
T4274 |
punct |
/,1α |
R1043 |
T4038 |
T4037 |
nmod |
type,fibers |
R1044 |
T4279 |
T4274 |
punct |
−,1α |
R1045 |
T4280 |
T4281 |
mark |
that,required |
R1046 |
T4039 |
T4038 |
nummod |
I,type |
R1047 |
T4281 |
T4271 |
ccomp |
required,demonstrate |
R1048 |
T4282 |
T4283 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R1049 |
T4283 |
T4281 |
nsubjpass |
1α,required |
R1050 |
T4040 |
T4037 |
punct |
", ",fibers |
R1051 |
T4284 |
T4283 |
punct |
-,1α |
R1052 |
T4285 |
T4281 |
auxpass |
is,required |
R1053 |
T4286 |
T4281 |
neg |
not,required |
R1054 |
T4041 |
T4037 |
nmod |
oxidative,fibers |
R1055 |
T4287 |
T4281 |
advmod |
absolutely,required |
R1056 |
T4288 |
T4281 |
prep |
for,required |
R1057 |
T4289 |
T4290 |
amod |
prenatal,viability |
R1058 |
T4042 |
T4041 |
punct |
(,oxidative |
R1059 |
T4290 |
T4288 |
pobj |
viability,for |
R1060 |
T4291 |
T4290 |
prep |
including,viability |
R1061 |
T4292 |
T4293 |
amod |
mitochondrial,biogenesis |
R1062 |
T4043 |
T4041 |
punct |
“,oxidative |
R1063 |
T4293 |
T4291 |
pobj |
biogenesis,including |
R1064 |
T4294 |
T4271 |
punct |
.,demonstrate |
R1065 |
T4044 |
T4045 |
amod |
slow,twitch |
R1066 |
T4296 |
T4297 |
advmod |
However,indicate |
R1067 |
T4298 |
T4297 |
punct |
", ",indicate |
R1068 |
T4045 |
T4041 |
appos |
twitch,oxidative |
R1069 |
T4299 |
T4300 |
poss |
our,findings |
R1070 |
T4300 |
T4297 |
nsubj |
findings,indicate |
R1071 |
T4301 |
T4302 |
mark |
that,serves |
R1072 |
T4046 |
T4045 |
punct |
-,twitch |
R1073 |
T4047 |
T4037 |
punct |
”,fibers |
R1074 |
T4048 |
T4037 |
punct |
),fibers |
R1075 |
T4302 |
T4297 |
ccomp |
serves,indicate |
R1076 |
T4303 |
T4304 |
det |
the,coactivator |
R1077 |
T4049 |
T4037 |
compound |
muscle,fibers |
R1078 |
T4304 |
T4302 |
nsubj |
coactivator,serves |
R1079 |
T4305 |
T4306 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R1080 |
T4306 |
T4304 |
appos |
1α,coactivator |
R1081 |
T4050 |
T4051 |
punct |
[,17 |
R1082 |
T4307 |
T4306 |
punct |
-,1α |
R1083 |
T4308 |
T4309 |
det |
a,role |
R1084 |
T4309 |
T4302 |
dobj |
role,serves |
R1085 |
T4310 |
T4309 |
amod |
critical,role |
R1086 |
T4311 |
T4309 |
prep |
in,role |
R1087 |
T4051 |
T4014 |
parataxis |
17,triggers |
R1088 |
T4312 |
T4313 |
det |
the,function |
R1089 |
T4313 |
T4311 |
pobj |
function,in |
R1090 |
T4314 |
T4313 |
amod |
normal,function |
R1091 |
T4052 |
T4051 |
punct |
],17 |
R1092 |
T4315 |
T4313 |
amod |
metabolic,function |
R1093 |
T4316 |
T4313 |
prep |
of,function |
R1094 |
T4317 |
T4318 |
amod |
multiple,organs |
R1095 |
T4053 |
T4014 |
punct |
.,triggers |
R1096 |
T4318 |
T4316 |
pobj |
organs,of |
R1097 |
T4319 |
T4311 |
cc |
and,in |
R1098 |
T4320 |
T4311 |
conj |
for,in |
R1099 |
T4055 |
T4056 |
advmod |
Collectively,indicate |
R1100 |
T4321 |
T4322 |
amod |
appropriate,adaptation |
R1101 |
T4322 |
T4320 |
pobj |
adaptation,for |
R1102 |
T4323 |
T4322 |
prep |
to,adaptation |
R1103 |
T4324 |
T4325 |
amod |
physiologic,stress |
R1104 |
T4325 |
T4323 |
pobj |
stress,to |
R1105 |
T4326 |
T4309 |
prep |
during,role |
R1106 |
T4327 |
T4328 |
amod |
postnatal,life |
R1107 |
T4328 |
T4326 |
pobj |
life,during |
R1108 |
T4329 |
T4297 |
punct |
.,indicate |
R1117 |
T5682 |
T5681 |
prep |
of,Disruption |
R1118 |
T5683 |
T5684 |
det |
the,Gene |
R1119 |
T5684 |
T5682 |
pobj |
Gene,of |
R1120 |
T5685 |
T5686 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R1121 |
T5686 |
T5684 |
compound |
1α,Gene |
R1122 |
T5687 |
T5686 |
punct |
-,1α |
R1123 |
T5688 |
T5681 |
prep |
in,Disruption |
R1124 |
T5689 |
T5688 |
pobj |
Mice,in |
R1125 |
T5691 |
T5692 |
det |
A,vector |
R1126 |
T5692 |
T5698 |
nsubjpass |
vector,generated |
R1127 |
T5693 |
T5694 |
npadvmod |
neomycin,based |
R1128 |
T5694 |
T5692 |
amod |
based,vector |
R1129 |
T5695 |
T5694 |
punct |
-,based |
R1130 |
T5696 |
T5692 |
compound |
gene,vector |
R1131 |
T5697 |
T5692 |
compound |
targeting,vector |
R1132 |
T5699 |
T5698 |
auxpass |
was,generated |
R1133 |
T5700 |
T5701 |
aux |
to,delete |
R1134 |
T5701 |
T5698 |
advcl |
delete,generated |
R1135 |
T5702 |
T5703 |
nmod |
exons,4 |
R1136 |
T5703 |
T5701 |
dobj |
4,delete |
R1137 |
T5704 |
T5703 |
cc |
and,4 |
R1138 |
T5705 |
T5703 |
conj |
5,4 |
R1139 |
T5706 |
T5703 |
prep |
of,4 |
R1140 |
T5707 |
T5708 |
det |
the,gene |
R1141 |
T5708 |
T5706 |
pobj |
gene,of |
R1142 |
T5709 |
T5708 |
amod |
murine,gene |
R1143 |
T5710 |
T5711 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R1144 |
T5711 |
T5708 |
compound |
1α,gene |
R1145 |
T5712 |
T5711 |
punct |
-,1α |
R1146 |
T5713 |
T5698 |
punct |
.,generated |
R1147 |
T5715 |
T5716 |
det |
The,event |
R1148 |
T5716 |
T5718 |
nsubj |
event,resulted |
R1149 |
T5717 |
T5716 |
compound |
targeting,event |
R1150 |
T5719 |
T5718 |
prep |
in,resulted |
R1151 |
T5720 |
T5721 |
det |
a,recombination |
R1152 |
T5721 |
T5719 |
pobj |
recombination,in |
R1153 |
T5722 |
T5721 |
nummod |
3,recombination |
R1154 |
T5723 |
T5722 |
punct |
′,3 |
R1155 |
T5724 |
T5721 |
amod |
homologous,recombination |
R1156 |
T5725 |
T5718 |
prep |
with,resulted |
R1157 |
T5726 |
T5725 |
pobj |
insertion,with |
R1158 |
T5727 |
T5726 |
prep |
of,insertion |
R1159 |
T5728 |
T5729 |
det |
the,remainder |
R1160 |
T5729 |
T5727 |
pobj |
remainder,of |
R1161 |
T5730 |
T5729 |
prep |
of,remainder |
R1162 |
T5731 |
T5732 |
det |
the,construct |
R1163 |
T5732 |
T5730 |
pobj |
construct,of |
R1164 |
T5733 |
T5734 |
punct |
(,1A |
R1165 |
T5734 |
T5718 |
parataxis |
1A,resulted |
R1166 |
T5735 |
T5734 |
compound |
Figure,1A |
R1167 |
T5736 |
T5734 |
punct |
),1A |
R1168 |
T5737 |
T5718 |
punct |
.,resulted |
R1169 |
T5739 |
T5740 |
det |
The,event |
R1170 |
T5740 |
T5744 |
nsubjpass |
event,confirmed |
R1171 |
T5741 |
T5742 |
compound |
insertion,recombination |
R1172 |
T5742 |
T5740 |
compound |
recombination,event |
R1173 |
T5743 |
T5742 |
punct |
/,recombination |
R1174 |
T5745 |
T5744 |
auxpass |
was,confirmed |
R1175 |
T5746 |
T5744 |
prep |
by,confirmed |
R1176 |
T5747 |
T5748 |
compound |
Southern,blotting |
R1177 |
T5748 |
T5746 |
pobj |
blotting,by |
R1178 |
T5749 |
T5748 |
cc |
and,blotting |
R1179 |
T5750 |
T5751 |
compound |
DNA,sequencing |
R1180 |
T5751 |
T5748 |
conj |
sequencing,blotting |
R1181 |
T5752 |
T5744 |
punct |
.,confirmed |
R1182 |
T5754 |
T5755 |
det |
The,insertion |
R1183 |
T5755 |
T5756 |
nsubj |
insertion,caused |
R1184 |
T5757 |
T5758 |
det |
an,duplication |
R1185 |
T5758 |
T5756 |
dobj |
duplication,caused |
R1186 |
T5759 |
T5758 |
nmod |
exon,duplication |
R1187 |
T5760 |
T5759 |
nummod |
3,exon |
R1188 |
T5761 |
T5758 |
prep |
between,duplication |
R1189 |
T5762 |
T5763 |
nmod |
exons,5 |
R1190 |
T5763 |
T5761 |
pobj |
5,between |
R1191 |
T5764 |
T5763 |
cc |
and,5 |
R1192 |
T5765 |
T5763 |
conj |
6,5 |
R1193 |
T5766 |
T5767 |
dep |
that,creates |
R1194 |
T5767 |
T5758 |
relcl |
creates,duplication |
R1195 |
T5768 |
T5769 |
det |
a,frameshift |
R1196 |
T5769 |
T5767 |
dobj |
frameshift,creates |
R1197 |
T5770 |
T5771 |
amod |
coding,region |
R1198 |
T5771 |
T5769 |
compound |
region,frameshift |
R1199 |
T5772 |
T5767 |
advcl |
resulting,creates |
R1200 |
T5773 |
T5772 |
prep |
in,resulting |
R1201 |
T5774 |
T5775 |
det |
a,termination |
R1202 |
T5775 |
T5773 |
pobj |
termination,in |
R1203 |
T5776 |
T5775 |
amod |
premature,termination |
R1204 |
T5777 |
T5775 |
prep |
at,termination |
R1205 |
T5778 |
T5779 |
compound |
amino,acid |
R1206 |
T5779 |
T5777 |
pobj |
acid,at |
R1207 |
T5780 |
T5779 |
nummod |
255,acid |
R1208 |
T5781 |
T5756 |
punct |
.,caused |
R1209 |
T5783 |
T5784 |
compound |
Germline,transmission |
R1210 |
T5784 |
T5785 |
nsubjpass |
transmission,confirmed |
R1211 |
T5786 |
T5784 |
prep |
of,transmission |
R1212 |
T5787 |
T5788 |
det |
the,allele |
R1213 |
T5788 |
T5786 |
pobj |
allele,of |
R1214 |
T5789 |
T5788 |
compound |
mutant,allele |
R1215 |
T5790 |
T5785 |
auxpass |
was,confirmed |
R1216 |
T5791 |
T5785 |
advcl |
using,confirmed |
R1217 |
T5792 |
T5793 |
compound |
Southern,blotting |
R1218 |
T5793 |
T5791 |
dobj |
blotting,using |
R1219 |
T5794 |
T5795 |
punct |
(,1B |
R1220 |
T5795 |
T5793 |
parataxis |
1B,blotting |
R1221 |
T5796 |
T5795 |
compound |
Figure,1B |
R1222 |
T5797 |
T5795 |
punct |
),1B |
R1223 |
T5798 |
T5793 |
cc |
and,blotting |
R1224 |
T5799 |
T5793 |
conj |
PCR,blotting |
R1225 |
T5800 |
T5801 |
punct |
(,data |
R1226 |
T5801 |
T5799 |
meta |
data,PCR |
R1227 |
T5802 |
T5801 |
amod |
unpublished,data |
R1228 |
T5803 |
T5801 |
punct |
),data |
R1229 |
T5804 |
T5785 |
punct |
.,confirmed |
R1230 |
T5806 |
T5807 |
det |
The,disruption |
R1231 |
T5807 |
T5812 |
nsubj |
disruption,resulted |
R1232 |
T5808 |
T5809 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R1233 |
T5809 |
T5807 |
compound |
1α,disruption |
R1234 |
T5810 |
T5809 |
punct |
-,1α |
R1235 |
T5811 |
T5807 |
compound |
gene,disruption |
R1236 |
T5813 |
T5812 |
prep |
in,resulted |
R1237 |
T5814 |
T5815 |
det |
an,transcript |
R1238 |
T5815 |
T5813 |
pobj |
transcript,in |
R1239 |
T5816 |
T5815 |
amod |
unstable,transcript |
R1240 |
T5817 |
T5818 |
dep |
that,detected |
R1241 |
T5818 |
T5815 |
relcl |
detected,transcript |
R1242 |
T5819 |
T5818 |
aux |
could,detected |
R1243 |
T5820 |
T5818 |
neg |
not,detected |
R1244 |
T5821 |
T5818 |
auxpass |
be,detected |
R1245 |
T5822 |
T5818 |
prep |
by,detected |
R1246 |
T5823 |
T5824 |
compound |
RNA,analysis |
R1247 |
T5824 |
T5822 |
pobj |
analysis,by |
R1248 |
T5825 |
T5824 |
compound |
blot,analysis |
R1249 |
T5826 |
T5818 |
prep |
in,detected |
R1250 |
T5827 |
T5826 |
pobj |
heart,in |
R1251 |
T5828 |
T5827 |
cc |
and,heart |
R1252 |
T5829 |
T5830 |
amod |
other,tissues |
R1253 |
T5830 |
T5827 |
conj |
tissues,heart |
R1254 |
T5831 |
T5818 |
prep |
in,detected |
R1255 |
T5832 |
T5833 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R1256 |
T5833 |
T5835 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R1257 |
T5834 |
T5833 |
punct |
-,1α |
R1258 |
T5835 |
T5831 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R1259 |
T5836 |
T5833 |
punct |
−,1α |
R1260 |
T5837 |
T5833 |
punct |
/,1α |
R1261 |
T5838 |
T5833 |
punct |
−,1α |
R1262 |
T5839 |
T5840 |
punct |
(,1C |
R1263 |
T5840 |
T5812 |
parataxis |
1C,resulted |
R1264 |
T5841 |
T5840 |
compound |
Figure,1C |
R1265 |
T5842 |
T5840 |
cc |
and,1C |
R1266 |
T5843 |
T5844 |
amod |
unpublished,data |
R1267 |
T5844 |
T5840 |
conj |
data,1C |
R1268 |
T5845 |
T5840 |
punct |
),1C |
R1269 |
T5846 |
T5812 |
punct |
.,resulted |
R1270 |
T5848 |
T5849 |
amod |
Quantitative,PCR |
R1271 |
T5849 |
T5852 |
nsubjpass |
PCR,utilized |
R1272 |
T5850 |
T5849 |
compound |
RT,PCR |
R1273 |
T5851 |
T5849 |
punct |
-,PCR |
R1274 |
T5853 |
T5852 |
auxpass |
was,utilized |
R1275 |
T5854 |
T5855 |
aux |
to,evaluate |
R1276 |
T5855 |
T5852 |
advcl |
evaluate,utilized |
R1277 |
T5856 |
T5855 |
advmod |
further,evaluate |
R1278 |
T5857 |
T5858 |
det |
the,efficacy |
R1279 |
T5858 |
T5855 |
dobj |
efficacy,evaluate |
R1280 |
T5859 |
T5858 |
prep |
of,efficacy |
R1281 |
T5860 |
T5861 |
det |
the,targeting |
R1282 |
T5861 |
T5859 |
pobj |
targeting,of |
R1283 |
T5862 |
T5861 |
compound |
gene,targeting |
R1284 |
T5863 |
T5852 |
punct |
.,utilized |
R1285 |
T5865 |
T5866 |
prep |
For,designed |
R1286 |
T5867 |
T5868 |
det |
these,studies |
R1287 |
T5868 |
T5865 |
pobj |
studies,For |
R1288 |
T5869 |
T5866 |
punct |
", ",designed |
R1289 |
T5870 |
T5871 |
compound |
PCR,primers |
R1290 |
T5871 |
T5866 |
nsubjpass |
primers,designed |
R1291 |
T5872 |
T5866 |
auxpass |
were,designed |
R1292 |
T5873 |
T5874 |
aux |
to,amplify |
R1293 |
T5874 |
T5866 |
advcl |
amplify,designed |
R1294 |
T5875 |
T5876 |
det |
a,region |
R1295 |
T5876 |
T5874 |
dobj |
region,amplify |
R1296 |
T5877 |
T5876 |
prep |
of,region |
R1297 |
T5878 |
T5879 |
det |
the,transcript |
R1298 |
T5879 |
T5877 |
pobj |
transcript,of |
R1299 |
T5880 |
T5881 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R1300 |
T5881 |
T5879 |
compound |
1α,transcript |
R1301 |
T5882 |
T5881 |
punct |
-,1α |
R1302 |
T5883 |
T5879 |
compound |
gene,transcript |
R1303 |
T5884 |
T5876 |
acl |
containing,region |
R1304 |
T5885 |
T5886 |
det |
the,border |
R1305 |
T5886 |
T5884 |
dobj |
border,containing |
R1306 |
T5887 |
T5888 |
nmod |
exon,5 |
R1307 |
T5888 |
T5886 |
nummod |
5,border |
R1308 |
T5889 |
T5890 |
punct |
–,6 |
R1309 |
T5890 |
T5888 |
prep |
6,5 |
R1310 |
T5891 |
T5886 |
punct |
(,border |
R1311 |
T5892 |
T5886 |
acl |
predicted,border |
R1312 |
T5893 |
T5894 |
aux |
to,be |
R1313 |
T5894 |
T5892 |
xcomp |
be,predicted |
R1314 |
T5895 |
T5894 |
acomp |
absent,be |
R1315 |
T5896 |
T5894 |
prep |
in,be |
R1316 |
T5897 |
T5898 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R1317 |
T5898 |
T5900 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R1318 |
T5899 |
T5898 |
punct |
-,1α |
R1319 |
T5900 |
T5896 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R1320 |
T5901 |
T5898 |
punct |
−,1α |
R1321 |
T5902 |
T5898 |
punct |
/,1α |
R1322 |
T5903 |
T5898 |
punct |
−,1α |
R1323 |
T5904 |
T5886 |
punct |
),border |
R1324 |
T5905 |
T5886 |
cc |
or,border |
R1325 |
T5906 |
T5907 |
det |
the,border |
R1326 |
T5907 |
T5886 |
conj |
border,border |
R1327 |
T5908 |
T5909 |
nmod |
exon,5 |
R1328 |
T5909 |
T5907 |
nummod |
5,border |
R1329 |
T5910 |
T5911 |
punct |
–,3 |
R1330 |
T5911 |
T5909 |
prep |
3,5 |
R1331 |
T5912 |
T5907 |
punct |
(,border |
R1332 |
T5913 |
T5907 |
acl |
predicted,border |
R1333 |
T5914 |
T5915 |
aux |
to,be |
R1334 |
T5915 |
T5913 |
xcomp |
be,predicted |
R1335 |
T5916 |
T5915 |
acomp |
present,be |
R1336 |
T5917 |
T5918 |
advmod |
only,in |
R1337 |
T5918 |
T5915 |
prep |
in,be |
R1338 |
T5919 |
T5920 |
det |
the,mice |
R1339 |
T5920 |
T5918 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R1340 |
T5921 |
T5922 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R1341 |
T5922 |
T5920 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R1342 |
T5923 |
T5922 |
punct |
-,1α |
R1343 |
T5924 |
T5922 |
punct |
−,1α |
R1344 |
T5925 |
T5922 |
punct |
/,1α |
R1345 |
T5926 |
T5922 |
punct |
−,1α |
R1346 |
T5927 |
T5907 |
punct |
),border |
R1347 |
T5928 |
T5866 |
punct |
.,designed |
R1348 |
T5930 |
T5931 |
det |
The,amplicon |
R1349 |
T5931 |
T5936 |
nsubjpass |
amplicon,detected |
R1350 |
T5932 |
T5933 |
nmod |
exon,5 |
R1351 |
T5933 |
T5931 |
nummod |
5,amplicon |
R1352 |
T5934 |
T5935 |
punct |
–,6 |
R1353 |
T5935 |
T5933 |
prep |
6,5 |
R1354 |
T5937 |
T5936 |
auxpass |
was,detected |
R1355 |
T5938 |
T5936 |
prep |
in,detected |
R1356 |
T5939 |
T5938 |
pobj |
heart,in |
R1357 |
T5940 |
T5939 |
cc |
and,heart |
R1358 |
T5941 |
T5939 |
conj |
BAT,heart |
R1359 |
T5942 |
T5939 |
prep |
of,heart |
R1360 |
T5943 |
T5944 |
amod |
wild,type |
R1361 |
T5944 |
T5946 |
nmod |
type,mice |
R1362 |
T5945 |
T5944 |
punct |
-,type |
R1363 |
T5946 |
T5942 |
pobj |
mice,of |
R1364 |
T5947 |
T5944 |
punct |
(,type |
R1365 |
T5948 |
T5944 |
appos |
WT,type |
R1366 |
T5949 |
T5944 |
punct |
),type |
R1367 |
T5950 |
T5944 |
cc |
but,type |
R1368 |
T5951 |
T5950 |
neg |
not,but |
R1369 |
T5952 |
T5953 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R1370 |
T5953 |
T5944 |
conj |
1α,type |
R1371 |
T5954 |
T5953 |
punct |
-,1α |
R1372 |
T5955 |
T5953 |
punct |
−,1α |
R1373 |
T5956 |
T5953 |
punct |
/,1α |
R1374 |
T5957 |
T5953 |
punct |
−,1α |
R1375 |
T5958 |
T5959 |
punct |
(,1D |
R1376 |
T5959 |
T5936 |
parataxis |
1D,detected |
R1377 |
T5960 |
T5959 |
compound |
Figure,1D |
R1378 |
T5961 |
T5959 |
punct |
),1D |
R1379 |
T5962 |
T5936 |
punct |
.,detected |
R1380 |
T5964 |
T5965 |
advmod |
Conversely,was |
R1381 |
T5966 |
T5965 |
punct |
", ",was |
R1382 |
T5967 |
T5968 |
det |
the,product |
R1383 |
T5968 |
T5965 |
nsubj |
product,was |
R1384 |
T5969 |
T5970 |
nmod |
exon,5 |
R1385 |
T5970 |
T5968 |
nummod |
5,product |
R1386 |
T5971 |
T5972 |
punct |
–,3 |
R1387 |
T5972 |
T5970 |
prep |
3,5 |
R1388 |
T5973 |
T5965 |
acomp |
present,was |
R1389 |
T5974 |
T5975 |
advmod |
only,in |
R1390 |
T5975 |
T5965 |
prep |
in,was |
R1391 |
T5976 |
T5977 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R1392 |
T5977 |
T5979 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R1393 |
T5978 |
T5977 |
punct |
-,1α |
R1394 |
T5979 |
T5975 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R1395 |
T5980 |
T5977 |
punct |
−,1α |
R1396 |
T5981 |
T5977 |
punct |
/,1α |
R1397 |
T5982 |
T5977 |
punct |
−,1α |
R1398 |
T5983 |
T5984 |
punct |
(,1D |
R1399 |
T5984 |
T5965 |
parataxis |
1D,was |
R1400 |
T5985 |
T5984 |
compound |
Figure,1D |
R1401 |
T5986 |
T5984 |
punct |
),1D |
R1402 |
T5987 |
T5965 |
punct |
.,was |
R1403 |
T5989 |
T5990 |
det |
An,amplicon |
R1404 |
T5990 |
T5996 |
nsubjpass |
amplicon,detected |
R1405 |
T5991 |
T5992 |
nmod |
exon,10 |
R1406 |
T5992 |
T5990 |
nummod |
10,amplicon |
R1407 |
T5993 |
T5994 |
punct |
–,11 |
R1408 |
T5994 |
T5992 |
prep |
11,10 |
R1409 |
T5995 |
T5990 |
compound |
border,amplicon |
R1410 |
T5997 |
T5990 |
punct |
(,amplicon |
R1411 |
T5998 |
T5990 |
acl |
predicted,amplicon |
R1412 |
T5999 |
T6000 |
aux |
to,be |
R1413 |
T6105 |
T6104 |
punct |
-,1α |
R1414 |
T6107 |
T6106 |
auxpass |
were,detected |
R1415 |
T6108 |
T6106 |
advmod |
also,detected |
R1416 |
T6109 |
T6106 |
neg |
not,detected |
R1417 |
T6110 |
T6106 |
prep |
by,detected |
R1418 |
T6111 |
T6112 |
compound |
Western,blot |
R1419 |
T6112 |
T6113 |
compound |
blot,analysis |
R1420 |
T6113 |
T6110 |
pobj |
analysis,by |
R1421 |
T6114 |
T6115 |
punct |
(,data |
R1422 |
T6115 |
T6106 |
meta |
data,detected |
R1423 |
T6116 |
T6115 |
amod |
unpublished,data |
R1424 |
T6117 |
T6115 |
punct |
),data |
R1425 |
T6118 |
T6106 |
punct |
.,detected |
R1426 |
T6120 |
T6121 |
advmod |
Lastly,altered |
R1427 |
T6000 |
T5998 |
xcomp |
be,predicted |
R1428 |
T6122 |
T6121 |
punct |
", ",altered |
R1429 |
T6001 |
T6000 |
acomp |
present,be |
R1430 |
T6002 |
T6000 |
prep |
in,be |
R1431 |
T6003 |
T6004 |
det |
both,genotypes |
R1432 |
T6123 |
T6121 |
nsubjpass |
expression,altered |
R1433 |
T6004 |
T6002 |
pobj |
genotypes,in |
R1434 |
T6005 |
T5996 |
punct |
),detected |
R1435 |
T6006 |
T5996 |
auxpass |
was,detected |
R1436 |
T6007 |
T5996 |
prep |
in,detected |
R1437 |
T6008 |
T6009 |
nmod |
WT,mice |
R1438 |
T6124 |
T6123 |
prep |
of,expression |
R1439 |
T6009 |
T6007 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R1440 |
T6010 |
T6008 |
cc |
and,WT |
R1441 |
T6011 |
T6012 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R1442 |
T6125 |
T6126 |
det |
the,genes |
R1443 |
T6012 |
T6008 |
conj |
1α,WT |
R1444 |
T6013 |
T6012 |
punct |
-,1α |
R1445 |
T6014 |
T6012 |
punct |
−,1α |
R1446 |
T6126 |
T6124 |
pobj |
genes,of |
R1447 |
T6015 |
T6012 |
punct |
/,1α |
R1448 |
T6016 |
T6012 |
punct |
−,1α |
R1449 |
T6017 |
T5996 |
punct |
", ",detected |
R1450 |
T6127 |
T6126 |
acl |
encoding,genes |
R1451 |
T6018 |
T5996 |
cc |
but,detected |
R1452 |
T6019 |
T6020 |
auxpass |
was,diminished |
R1453 |
T6020 |
T5996 |
conj |
diminished,detected |
R1454 |
T6128 |
T6129 |
det |
the,members |
R1455 |
T6021 |
T6020 |
advmod |
greatly,diminished |
R1456 |
T6022 |
T6020 |
prep |
in,diminished |
R1457 |
T6023 |
T6024 |
det |
the,mice |
R1458 |
T6129 |
T6127 |
dobj |
members,encoding |
R1459 |
T6024 |
T6022 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R1460 |
T6025 |
T6026 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R1461 |
T6130 |
T6129 |
amod |
other,members |
R1462 |
T6026 |
T6024 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R1463 |
T6027 |
T6026 |
punct |
-,1α |
R1464 |
T6028 |
T6026 |
punct |
−,1α |
R1465 |
T6131 |
T6129 |
amod |
known,members |
R1466 |
T6029 |
T6026 |
punct |
/,1α |
R1467 |
T6132 |
T6129 |
nmod |
PGC,members |
R1468 |
T6030 |
T6026 |
punct |
−,1α |
R1469 |
T6031 |
T6020 |
punct |
", ",diminished |
R1470 |
T6032 |
T6020 |
advcl |
indicating,diminished |
R1471 |
T6033 |
T6034 |
mark |
that,is |
R1472 |
T6133 |
T6132 |
punct |
-,PGC |
R1473 |
T6134 |
T6132 |
nummod |
1,PGC |
R1474 |
T6034 |
T6032 |
ccomp |
is,indicating |
R1475 |
T6035 |
T6036 |
det |
the,transcript |
R1476 |
T6135 |
T6129 |
compound |
family,members |
R1477 |
T6036 |
T6034 |
nsubj |
transcript,is |
R1478 |
T6037 |
T6036 |
compound |
mutant,transcript |
R1479 |
T6038 |
T6034 |
acomp |
unstable,is |
R1480 |
T6136 |
T6129 |
punct |
", ",members |
R1481 |
T6039 |
T5996 |
punct |
.,detected |
R1482 |
T6137 |
T6138 |
compound |
PGC,1β |
R1483 |
T6041 |
T6042 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R1484 |
T6042 |
T6044 |
compound |
1α,protein |
R1485 |
T6043 |
T6042 |
punct |
-,1α |
R1486 |
T6138 |
T6129 |
appos |
1β,members |
R1487 |
T6044 |
T6045 |
nsubjpass |
protein,detected |
R1488 |
T6046 |
T6045 |
auxpass |
was,detected |
R1489 |
T6139 |
T6138 |
punct |
-,1β |
R1490 |
T6047 |
T6045 |
neg |
not,detected |
R1491 |
T6048 |
T6045 |
prep |
in,detected |
R1492 |
T6140 |
T6138 |
cc |
and,1β |
R1493 |
T6049 |
T6050 |
amod |
whole,cell |
R1494 |
T6050 |
T6051 |
nmod |
cell,extracts |
R1495 |
T6051 |
T6048 |
pobj |
extracts,in |
R1496 |
T6141 |
T6138 |
conj |
PRC,1β |
R1497 |
T6052 |
T6053 |
punct |
(,1E |
R1498 |
T6053 |
T6050 |
parataxis |
1E,cell |
R1499 |
T6142 |
T6121 |
punct |
", ",altered |
R1500 |
T6054 |
T6053 |
compound |
Figure,1E |
R1501 |
T6055 |
T6053 |
punct |
),1E |
R1502 |
T6056 |
T6050 |
cc |
or,cell |
R1503 |
T6143 |
T6121 |
auxpass |
was,altered |
R1504 |
T6057 |
T6058 |
amod |
nuclear,protein |
R1505 |
T6058 |
T6050 |
conj |
protein,cell |
R1506 |
T6059 |
T6060 |
punct |
(,data |
R1507 |
T6144 |
T6121 |
neg |
not,altered |
R1508 |
T6060 |
T6051 |
meta |
data,extracts |
R1509 |
T6061 |
T6060 |
amod |
unpublished,data |
R1510 |
T6145 |
T6121 |
advmod |
significantly,altered |
R1511 |
T6062 |
T6060 |
punct |
),data |
R1512 |
T6063 |
T6051 |
acl |
isolated,extracts |
R1513 |
T6146 |
T6121 |
prep |
in,altered |
R1514 |
T6064 |
T6063 |
prep |
from,isolated |
R1515 |
T6065 |
T6064 |
pobj |
BAT,from |
R1516 |
T6066 |
T6065 |
prep |
of,BAT |
R1518 |
T6067 |
T6068 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R1519 |
T6068 |
T6070 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R1520 |
T6148 |
T6147 |
prep |
of,heart |
R1521 |
T6069 |
T6068 |
punct |
-,1α |
R1522 |
T6070 |
T6066 |
pobj |
mice,of |
R1523 |
T6071 |
T6068 |
punct |
−,1α |
R1524 |
T6072 |
T6068 |
punct |
/,1α |
R1525 |
T6073 |
T6068 |
punct |
−,1α |
R1526 |
T6149 |
T6150 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R1527 |
T6074 |
T6063 |
prep |
under,isolated |
R1528 |
T6075 |
T6076 |
amod |
basal,conditions |
R1529 |
T6076 |
T6074 |
pobj |
conditions,under |
R1530 |
T6150 |
T6152 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R1531 |
T6077 |
T6045 |
cc |
or,detected |
R1532 |
T6078 |
T6045 |
conj |
in,detected |
R1533 |
T6079 |
T6078 |
pobj |
response,in |
R1534 |
T6151 |
T6150 |
punct |
-,1α |
R1535 |
T6080 |
T6079 |
prep |
to,response |
R1536 |
T6081 |
T6082 |
compound |
cold,exposure |
R1537 |
T6082 |
T6080 |
pobj |
exposure,to |
R1538 |
T6152 |
T6148 |
pobj |
mice,of |
R1539 |
T6083 |
T6082 |
punct |
", ",exposure |
R1540 |
T6084 |
T6085 |
det |
a,condition |
R1541 |
T6085 |
T6082 |
appos |
condition,exposure |
R1542 |
T6153 |
T6150 |
punct |
−,1α |
R1543 |
T6086 |
T6085 |
acl |
known,condition |
R1544 |
T6087 |
T6088 |
aux |
to,induce |
R1545 |
T6154 |
T6150 |
punct |
/,1α |
R1546 |
T6088 |
T6086 |
xcomp |
induce,known |
R1547 |
T6089 |
T6088 |
advmod |
markedly,induce |
R1548 |
T6155 |
T6150 |
punct |
−,1α |
R1549 |
T6090 |
T6091 |
det |
the,expression |
R1550 |
T6091 |
T6088 |
dobj |
expression,induce |
R1551 |
T6092 |
T6091 |
prep |
of,expression |
R1552 |
T6156 |
T6157 |
punct |
(,1C |
R1553 |
T6093 |
T6094 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R1554 |
T6094 |
T6092 |
pobj |
1α,of |
R1555 |
T6095 |
T6094 |
punct |
-,1α |
R1556 |
T6096 |
T6088 |
prep |
in,induce |
R1557 |
T6157 |
T6121 |
parataxis |
1C,altered |
R1558 |
T6097 |
T6096 |
pobj |
BAT,in |
R1559 |
T6098 |
T6045 |
punct |
.,detected |
R1560 |
T6158 |
T6157 |
compound |
Figure,1C |
R1561 |
T6100 |
T6101 |
amod |
Smaller,proteins |
R1562 |
T6101 |
T6106 |
nsubjpass |
proteins,detected |
R1563 |
T6102 |
T6101 |
compound |
mutant,proteins |
R1564 |
T6103 |
T6104 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R1565 |
T6159 |
T6157 |
punct |
),1C |
R1566 |
T6104 |
T6101 |
compound |
1α,proteins |
R1567 |
T6160 |
T6121 |
punct |
.,altered |
R1568 |
T6162 |
T6163 |
advcl |
Taken,support |
R1569 |
T6164 |
T6162 |
advmod |
together,Taken |
R1570 |
T6165 |
T6163 |
punct |
", ",support |
R1571 |
T6166 |
T6167 |
det |
these,results |
R1572 |
T6167 |
T6163 |
nsubj |
results,support |
R1573 |
T6168 |
T6169 |
det |
the,conclusion |
R1574 |
T6169 |
T6163 |
dobj |
conclusion,support |
R1575 |
T6170 |
T6171 |
mark |
that,resulted |
R1576 |
T6171 |
T6169 |
acl |
resulted,conclusion |
R1577 |
T6172 |
T6173 |
det |
the,event |
R1578 |
T6173 |
T6171 |
nsubj |
event,resulted |
R1579 |
T6174 |
T6173 |
nmod |
gene,event |
R1580 |
T6175 |
T6174 |
amod |
targeting,gene |
R1581 |
T6176 |
T6171 |
prep |
in,resulted |
R1582 |
T6177 |
T6178 |
det |
a,allele |
R1583 |
T6178 |
T6176 |
pobj |
allele,in |
R1584 |
T6179 |
T6180 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R1585 |
T6180 |
T6182 |
npadvmod |
1α,null |
R1586 |
T6181 |
T6180 |
punct |
-,1α |
R1587 |
T6182 |
T6178 |
amod |
null,allele |
R1588 |
T6183 |
T6163 |
punct |
.,support |
R1589 |
T7689 |
T7690 |
amod |
General,Characteristics |
R1590 |
T7691 |
T7690 |
prep |
of,Characteristics |
R1591 |
T7692 |
T7693 |
det |
the,Mice |
R1592 |
T7693 |
T7691 |
pobj |
Mice,of |
R1593 |
T7694 |
T7695 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R1594 |
T7695 |
T7693 |
nmod |
1α,Mice |
R1595 |
T7696 |
T7695 |
punct |
-,1α |
R1596 |
T7697 |
T7695 |
punct |
−,1α |
R1597 |
T7698 |
T7695 |
punct |
/,1α |
R1598 |
T7699 |
T7695 |
punct |
−,1α |
R1599 |
T7700 |
T7690 |
punct |
: ,Characteristics |
R1600 |
T7701 |
T7702 |
npadvmod |
Age,Dependent |
R1601 |
T7702 |
T7707 |
amod |
Dependent,Obesity |
R1602 |
T7703 |
T7701 |
punct |
-,Age |
R1603 |
T7704 |
T7701 |
cc |
and,Age |
R1604 |
T7705 |
T7701 |
conj |
Sex,Age |
R1605 |
T7706 |
T7702 |
punct |
-,Dependent |
R1606 |
T7707 |
T7690 |
appos |
Obesity,Characteristics |
R1607 |
T7709 |
T7710 |
amod |
Heterozygous,mice |
R1608 |
T7710 |
T7719 |
nsubjpass |
mice,bred |
R1609 |
T7711 |
T7710 |
punct |
(,mice |
R1610 |
T7712 |
T7713 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R1611 |
T7713 |
T7710 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R1612 |
T7714 |
T7713 |
punct |
-,1α |
R1613 |
T7715 |
T7713 |
punct |
+,1α |
R1614 |
T7716 |
T7713 |
punct |
/,1α |
R1615 |
T7717 |
T7713 |
punct |
−,1α |
R1616 |
T7718 |
T7710 |
punct |
),mice |
R1617 |
T7720 |
T7719 |
auxpass |
were,bred |
R1618 |
T7721 |
T7722 |
aux |
to,generate |
R1619 |
T7722 |
T7719 |
advcl |
generate,bred |
R1620 |
T7723 |
T7724 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R1621 |
T7724 |
T7726 |
nmod |
1α,offspring |
R1622 |
T7725 |
T7724 |
punct |
-,1α |
R1623 |
T7726 |
T7722 |
dobj |
offspring,generate |
R1624 |
T7727 |
T7724 |
punct |
−,1α |
R1625 |
T7728 |
T7724 |
punct |
/,1α |
R1626 |
T7729 |
T7724 |
punct |
−,1α |
R1627 |
T7730 |
T7719 |
punct |
.,bred |
R1628 |
T7732 |
T7733 |
det |
The,ratios |
R1629 |
T7733 |
T7736 |
nsubj |
ratios,were |
R1630 |
T7734 |
T7733 |
amod |
observed,ratios |
R1631 |
T7735 |
T7733 |
compound |
genotype,ratios |
R1632 |
T7737 |
T7733 |
prep |
of,ratios |
R1633 |
T7738 |
T7739 |
det |
the,offspring |
R1634 |
T7739 |
T7737 |
pobj |
offspring,of |
R1635 |
T7740 |
T7736 |
acomp |
consistent,were |
R1636 |
T7741 |
T7740 |
prep |
with,consistent |
R1637 |
T7742 |
T7743 |
det |
the,ratios |
R1638 |
T7743 |
T7741 |
pobj |
ratios,with |
R1639 |
T7744 |
T7743 |
amod |
expected,ratios |
R1640 |
T7745 |
T7743 |
amod |
Mendelian,ratios |
R1641 |
T7746 |
T7747 |
punct |
(,data |
R1642 |
T7747 |
T7736 |
meta |
data,were |
R1643 |
T7748 |
T7747 |
amod |
unpublished,data |
R1644 |
T7749 |
T7747 |
punct |
),data |
R1645 |
T7750 |
T7736 |
punct |
.,were |
R1646 |
T7752 |
T7753 |
amod |
Unexpected,deaths |
R1647 |
T7753 |
T7754 |
nsubjpass |
deaths,observed |
R1648 |
T7755 |
T7753 |
prep |
of,deaths |
R1649 |
T7756 |
T7757 |
det |
the,offspring |
R1650 |
T7757 |
T7755 |
pobj |
offspring,of |
R1651 |
T7758 |
T7754 |
auxpass |
were,observed |
R1652 |
T7759 |
T7754 |
neg |
not,observed |
R1653 |
T7760 |
T7754 |
punct |
", ",observed |
R1654 |
T7761 |
T7754 |
cc |
and,observed |
R1655 |
T7762 |
T7763 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R1656 |
T7763 |
T7765 |
nmod |
1α,offspring |
R1657 |
T7764 |
T7763 |
punct |
-,1α |
R1658 |
T7765 |
T7776 |
nsubj |
offspring,appeared |
R1659 |
T7766 |
T7763 |
punct |
+,1α |
R1660 |
T7767 |
T7763 |
punct |
/,1α |
R1661 |
T7768 |
T7763 |
punct |
−,1α |
R1662 |
T7769 |
T7763 |
cc |
and,1α |
R1663 |
T7770 |
T7771 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R1664 |
T7771 |
T7763 |
conj |
1α,1α |
R1665 |
T7772 |
T7771 |
punct |
-,1α |
R1666 |
T7773 |
T7771 |
punct |
−,1α |
R1667 |
T7774 |
T7771 |
punct |
/,1α |
R1668 |
T7775 |
T7771 |
punct |
−,1α |
R1669 |
T7776 |
T7754 |
conj |
appeared,observed |
R1670 |
T7777 |
T7776 |
oprd |
normal,appeared |
R1671 |
T7778 |
T7776 |
punct |
.,appeared |
R1672 |
T7780 |
T7781 |
amod |
Total,weights |
R1673 |
T7781 |
T7783 |
nsubj |
weights,revealed |
R1674 |
T7782 |
T7781 |
compound |
body,weights |
R1675 |
T7784 |
T7781 |
acl |
obtained,weights |
R1676 |
T7785 |
T7786 |
nummod |
1,wk |
R1677 |
T7786 |
T7787 |
npadvmod |
wk,after |
R1678 |
T7787 |
T7784 |
prep |
after,obtained |
R1679 |
T7788 |
T7787 |
pobj |
birth,after |
R1680 |
T7789 |
T7790 |
det |
a,reduction |
R1681 |
T7790 |
T7783 |
dobj |
reduction,revealed |
R1682 |
T7791 |
T7792 |
nummod |
15,% |
R1683 |
T7792 |
T7790 |
nmod |
%,reduction |
R1684 |
T7793 |
T7794 |
punct |
–,% |
R1685 |
T7794 |
T7792 |
prep |
%,% |
R1686 |
T7795 |
T7794 |
nummod |
20,% |
R1687 |
T7796 |
T7790 |
prep |
in,reduction |
R1688 |
T7797 |
T7798 |
amod |
total,mass |
R1689 |
T7798 |
T7796 |
pobj |
mass,in |
R1690 |
T7799 |
T7798 |
compound |
body,mass |
R1691 |
T7800 |
T7783 |
prep |
for,revealed |
R1692 |
T7801 |
T7802 |
amod |
male,mice |
R1693 |
T7802 |
T7800 |
pobj |
mice,for |
R1694 |
T7803 |
T7801 |
cc |
and,male |
R1695 |
T7804 |
T7801 |
conj |
female,male |
R1696 |
T7805 |
T7806 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R1697 |
T7806 |
T7802 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R1698 |
T7807 |
T7806 |
punct |
-,1α |
R1699 |
T7808 |
T7806 |
punct |
−,1α |
R1700 |
T7809 |
T7806 |
punct |
/,1α |
R1701 |
T7810 |
T7806 |
punct |
−,1α |
R1702 |
T7811 |
T7783 |
advcl |
relative,revealed |
R1703 |
T7812 |
T7811 |
prep |
to,relative |
R1704 |
T7813 |
T7814 |
npadvmod |
sex,matched |
R1705 |
T7814 |
T7816 |
amod |
matched,littermates |
R1706 |
T7815 |
T7814 |
punct |
-,matched |
R1707 |
T7816 |
T7812 |
pobj |
littermates,to |
R1708 |
T7817 |
T7818 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R1709 |
T7818 |
T7816 |
nmod |
1α,littermates |
R1710 |
T7819 |
T7818 |
punct |
-,1α |
R1711 |
T7820 |
T7818 |
punct |
+,1α |
R1712 |
T7821 |
T7818 |
punct |
/,1α |
R1713 |
T7822 |
T7818 |
punct |
+,1α |
R1714 |
T7823 |
T7824 |
punct |
(,Figure |
R1715 |
T7824 |
T7783 |
parataxis |
Figure,revealed |
R1716 |
T7825 |
T7824 |
nummod |
2,Figure |
R1717 |
T7826 |
T7824 |
punct |
),Figure |
R1718 |
T7827 |
T7783 |
punct |
.,revealed |
R1719 |
T7829 |
T7830 |
det |
The,decrement |
R1720 |
T7830 |
T7832 |
nsubj |
decrement,disappeared |
R1721 |
T7831 |
T7830 |
compound |
weight,decrement |
R1722 |
T7833 |
T7830 |
prep |
between,decrement |
R1723 |
T7834 |
T7835 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R1724 |
T7835 |
T7837 |
nmod |
1α,littermates |
R1725 |
T7836 |
T7835 |
punct |
-,1α |
R1726 |
T7837 |
T7833 |
pobj |
littermates,between |
R1727 |
T7838 |
T7835 |
punct |
−,1α |
R1728 |
T7839 |
T7835 |
punct |
/,1α |
R1729 |
T7840 |
T7835 |
punct |
−,1α |
R1730 |
T7841 |
T7835 |
cc |
and,1α |
R1731 |
T7842 |
T7843 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R1732 |
T7843 |
T7835 |
conj |
1α,1α |
R1733 |
T7844 |
T7843 |
punct |
-,1α |
R1734 |
T7845 |
T7843 |
punct |
+,1α |
R1735 |
T7846 |
T7843 |
punct |
/,1α |
R1736 |
T7847 |
T7843 |
punct |
+,1α |
R1737 |
T7848 |
T7832 |
prep |
by,disappeared |
R1738 |
T7849 |
T7850 |
nummod |
3,wk |
R1739 |
T7850 |
T7848 |
pobj |
wk,by |
R1740 |
T7851 |
T7850 |
prep |
of,wk |
R1741 |
T7852 |
T7851 |
pobj |
age,of |
R1742 |
T7853 |
T7854 |
punct |
(,2A |
R1743 |
T7854 |
T7832 |
parataxis |
2A,disappeared |
R1744 |
T7855 |
T7854 |
compound |
Figure,2A |
R1745 |
T7856 |
T7854 |
punct |
),2A |
R1746 |
T7857 |
T7832 |
punct |
.,disappeared |
R1747 |
T7859 |
T7860 |
prep |
At,was |
R1748 |
T7861 |
T7862 |
nummod |
18,wk |
R1749 |
T7862 |
T7859 |
pobj |
wk,At |
R1750 |
T7863 |
T7862 |
prep |
of,wk |
R1751 |
T7864 |
T7863 |
pobj |
age,of |
R1752 |
T7865 |
T7860 |
punct |
", ",was |
R1753 |
T7866 |
T7867 |
compound |
body,weight |
R1754 |
T7867 |
T7860 |
nsubj |
weight,was |
R1755 |
T7868 |
T7869 |
advmod |
modestly,greater |
R1756 |
T7869 |
T7860 |
acomp |
greater,was |
R1757 |
T7870 |
T7868 |
cc |
but,modestly |
R1758 |
T7871 |
T7868 |
conj |
significantly,modestly |
R1759 |
T7872 |
T7860 |
prep |
in,was |
R1760 |
T7873 |
T7874 |
amod |
male,mice |
R1761 |
T7874 |
T7872 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R1762 |
T7875 |
T7873 |
cc |
and,male |
R1763 |
T7876 |
T7873 |
conj |
female,male |
R1764 |
T7877 |
T7878 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R1765 |
T7878 |
T7874 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R1766 |
T7879 |
T7878 |
punct |
-,1α |
R1767 |
T7880 |
T7878 |
punct |
−,1α |
R1768 |
T7881 |
T7878 |
punct |
/,1α |
R1769 |
T7882 |
T7878 |
punct |
−,1α |
R1770 |
T7883 |
T7860 |
prep |
compared,was |
R1771 |
T7884 |
T7883 |
prep |
to,compared |
R1772 |
T7885 |
T7886 |
npadvmod |
sex,matched |
R1773 |
T7886 |
T7888 |
amod |
matched,controls |
R1774 |
T7887 |
T7886 |
punct |
-,matched |
R1775 |
T7888 |
T7884 |
pobj |
controls,to |
R1776 |
T7889 |
T7890 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R1777 |
T7890 |
T7888 |
nmod |
1α,controls |
R1778 |
T7891 |
T7890 |
punct |
-,1α |
R1779 |
T7892 |
T7890 |
punct |
+,1α |
R1780 |
T7893 |
T7890 |
punct |
/,1α |
R1781 |
T7894 |
T7890 |
punct |
+,1α |
R1782 |
T7895 |
T7896 |
punct |
(,2A |
R1783 |
T7896 |
T7860 |
parataxis |
2A,was |
R1784 |
T7897 |
T7896 |
compound |
Figure,2A |
R1785 |
T7898 |
T7896 |
punct |
),2A |
R1786 |
T7899 |
T7860 |
punct |
.,was |
R1787 |
T7901 |
T7902 |
det |
This,difference |
R1788 |
T7902 |
T7904 |
nsubj |
difference,was |
R1789 |
T7903 |
T7902 |
compound |
weight,difference |
R1790 |
T7905 |
T7904 |
advmod |
also,was |
R1791 |
T7906 |
T7904 |
acomp |
significant,was |
R1792 |
T7907 |
T7904 |
prep |
for,was |
R1793 |
T7908 |
T7909 |
amod |
female,mice |
R1794 |
T7909 |
T7907 |
pobj |
mice,for |
R1795 |
T7910 |
T7911 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R1796 |
T7911 |
T7909 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R1797 |
T7912 |
T7911 |
punct |
-,1α |
R1798 |
T7913 |
T7911 |
punct |
−,1α |
R1799 |
T7914 |
T7911 |
punct |
/,1α |
R1800 |
T7915 |
T7911 |
punct |
−,1α |
R1801 |
T7916 |
T7904 |
prep |
at,was |
R1802 |
T7917 |
T7918 |
nummod |
24,wk |
R1803 |
T7918 |
T7916 |
pobj |
wk,at |
R1804 |
T7919 |
T7918 |
prep |
of,wk |
R1805 |
T7920 |
T7919 |
pobj |
age,of |
R1806 |
T7921 |
T7922 |
punct |
(,2A |
R1807 |
T7922 |
T7904 |
parataxis |
2A,was |
R1808 |
T7923 |
T7922 |
compound |
Figure,2A |
R1809 |
T7924 |
T7922 |
punct |
),2A |
R1810 |
T7925 |
T7904 |
punct |
.,was |
R1811 |
T7927 |
T7928 |
det |
The,gain |
R1812 |
T7928 |
T7931 |
nsubjpass |
gain,associated |
R1813 |
T7929 |
T7928 |
amod |
abnormal,gain |
R1814 |
T7930 |
T7928 |
compound |
weight,gain |
R1815 |
T7932 |
T7928 |
prep |
in,gain |
R1816 |
T7933 |
T7934 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R1817 |
T7934 |
T7936 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R1818 |
T7935 |
T7934 |
punct |
-,1α |
R1819 |
T7936 |
T7932 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R1820 |
T7937 |
T7934 |
punct |
−,1α |
R1821 |
T7938 |
T7934 |
punct |
/,1α |
R1822 |
T7939 |
T7934 |
punct |
−,1α |
R1823 |
T7940 |
T7931 |
auxpass |
was,associated |
R1824 |
T7941 |
T7931 |
neg |
not,associated |
R1825 |
T7942 |
T7931 |
prep |
with,associated |
R1826 |
T7943 |
T7942 |
pobj |
differences,with |
R1827 |
T7944 |
T7943 |
prep |
in,differences |
R1828 |
T7945 |
T7946 |
compound |
food,intake |
R1829 |
T7946 |
T7944 |
pobj |
intake,in |
R1830 |
T7947 |
T7948 |
punct |
(,data |
R1831 |
T7948 |
T7943 |
meta |
data,differences |
R1832 |
T7949 |
T7948 |
amod |
unpublished,data |
R1833 |
T7950 |
T7948 |
punct |
),data |
R1834 |
T7951 |
T7943 |
cc |
or,differences |
R1835 |
T7952 |
T7943 |
conj |
alterations,differences |
R1836 |
T7953 |
T7952 |
prep |
in,alterations |
R1837 |
T7954 |
T7955 |
amod |
general,activity |
R1838 |
T7955 |
T7953 |
pobj |
activity,in |
R1839 |
T7956 |
T7957 |
mark |
as,monitored |
R1840 |
T7957 |
T7931 |
advcl |
monitored,associated |
R1841 |
T7958 |
T7957 |
prep |
for,monitored |
R1842 |
T7959 |
T7960 |
nummod |
48,h |
R1843 |
T7960 |
T7958 |
pobj |
h,for |
R1844 |
T7961 |
T7962 |
punct |
(,S1 |
R1845 |
T7962 |
T7957 |
parataxis |
S1,monitored |
R1846 |
T7963 |
T7962 |
compound |
Figure,S1 |
R1847 |
T7964 |
T7962 |
punct |
),S1 |
R1848 |
T7965 |
T7931 |
punct |
.,associated |
R1849 |
T7967 |
T7968 |
compound |
Percent,fat |
R1850 |
T7968 |
T7970 |
nsubj |
fat,was |
R1851 |
T7969 |
T7968 |
compound |
body,fat |
R1852 |
T7971 |
T7968 |
punct |
", ",fat |
R1853 |
T7972 |
T7973 |
mark |
as,determined |
R1854 |
T8077 |
T8074 |
conj |
24,18 |
R1855 |
T7973 |
T7968 |
advcl |
determined,fat |
R1856 |
T7974 |
T7973 |
prep |
by,determined |
R1857 |
T8078 |
T8075 |
prep |
of,wk |
R1858 |
T7975 |
T7976 |
amod |
dual,energy |
R1859 |
T7976 |
T7978 |
compound |
energy,absorption |
R1860 |
T7977 |
T7976 |
punct |
-,energy |
R1861 |
T8079 |
T8078 |
pobj |
age,of |
R1862 |
T7978 |
T7974 |
pobj |
absorption,by |
R1863 |
T7979 |
T7978 |
compound |
X-ray,absorption |
R1864 |
T8080 |
T8060 |
punct |
", ",accumulated |
R1865 |
T7980 |
T7978 |
punct |
(,absorption |
R1866 |
T7981 |
T7978 |
appos |
DEXA,absorption |
R1867 |
T7982 |
T7970 |
punct |
),was |
R1868 |
T7983 |
T7970 |
punct |
", ",was |
R1869 |
T8081 |
T8082 |
amod |
older,mice |
R1870 |
T7984 |
T7970 |
acomp |
greater,was |
R1871 |
T7985 |
T7970 |
prep |
in,was |
R1872 |
T7986 |
T7987 |
nummod |
18,wk |
R1873 |
T7987 |
T7992 |
npadvmod |
wk,old |
R1874 |
T8082 |
T8060 |
nsubj |
mice,accumulated |
R1875 |
T7988 |
T7986 |
punct |
-,18 |
R1876 |
T7989 |
T7986 |
cc |
and,18 |
R1877 |
T7990 |
T7986 |
conj |
24,18 |
R1878 |
T8083 |
T8082 |
amod |
male,mice |
R1879 |
T7991 |
T7987 |
punct |
-,wk |
R1880 |
T7992 |
T7994 |
amod |
old,mice |
R1881 |
T7993 |
T7992 |
punct |
-,old |
R1882 |
T8084 |
T8082 |
compound |
mutant,mice |
R1883 |
T7994 |
T7985 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R1884 |
T7995 |
T7994 |
amod |
female,mice |
R1885 |
T8085 |
T8082 |
punct |
(,mice |
R1886 |
T7996 |
T7997 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R1887 |
T7997 |
T7994 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R1888 |
T7998 |
T7997 |
punct |
-,1α |
R1889 |
T8086 |
T8087 |
quantmod |
over,7 |
R1890 |
T7999 |
T7997 |
punct |
−,1α |
R1891 |
T8000 |
T7997 |
punct |
/,1α |
R1892 |
T8087 |
T8088 |
nummod |
7,mo |
R1893 |
T8001 |
T7997 |
punct |
−,1α |
R1894 |
T8088 |
T8082 |
npadvmod |
mo,mice |
R1895 |
T8002 |
T7970 |
prep |
compared,was |
R1896 |
T8003 |
T8002 |
prep |
to,compared |
R1897 |
T8004 |
T8005 |
npadvmod |
age,matched |
R1898 |
T8089 |
T8088 |
prep |
of,mo |
R1899 |
T8005 |
T8007 |
amod |
matched,counterparts |
R1900 |
T8006 |
T8005 |
punct |
-,matched |
R1901 |
T8090 |
T8089 |
pobj |
age,of |
R1902 |
T8007 |
T8003 |
pobj |
counterparts,to |
R1903 |
T8008 |
T8007 |
amod |
female,counterparts |
R1904 |
T8091 |
T8060 |
punct |
),accumulated |
R1905 |
T8009 |
T8010 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R1906 |
T8010 |
T8007 |
nmod |
1α,counterparts |
R1907 |
T8011 |
T8010 |
punct |
-,1α |
R1908 |
T8092 |
T8093 |
amod |
more,fat |
R1909 |
T8012 |
T8010 |
punct |
+,1α |
R1910 |
T8013 |
T8010 |
punct |
/,1α |
R1911 |
T8014 |
T8010 |
punct |
+,1α |
R1912 |
T8093 |
T8060 |
dobj |
fat,accumulated |
R1913 |
T8015 |
T7970 |
punct |
", ",was |
R1914 |
T8016 |
T7970 |
advcl |
indicating,was |
R1915 |
T8094 |
T8093 |
compound |
body,fat |
R1916 |
T8017 |
T8018 |
mark |
that,was |
R1917 |
T8018 |
T8016 |
ccomp |
was,indicating |
R1918 |
T8095 |
T8093 |
prep |
than,fat |
R1919 |
T8019 |
T8020 |
det |
the,difference |
R1920 |
T8020 |
T8018 |
nsubj |
difference,was |
R1921 |
T8021 |
T8022 |
compound |
body,weight |
R1922 |
T8096 |
T8097 |
amod |
male,controls |
R1923 |
T8022 |
T8020 |
compound |
weight,difference |
R1924 |
T8023 |
T8018 |
prep |
due,was |
R1925 |
T8097 |
T8095 |
pobj |
controls,than |
R1926 |
T8024 |
T8023 |
punct |
", ",due |
R1927 |
T8098 |
T8097 |
compound |
WT,controls |
R1928 |
T8025 |
T8026 |
advmod |
at,least |
R1929 |
T8026 |
T8027 |
advmod |
least,in |
R1930 |
T8099 |
T8100 |
punct |
(,2A |
R1931 |
T8027 |
T8023 |
prep |
in,due |
R1932 |
T8028 |
T8027 |
amod |
part,in |
R1933 |
T8100 |
T8060 |
parataxis |
2A,accumulated |
R1934 |
T8029 |
T8023 |
punct |
", ",due |
R1935 |
T8030 |
T8023 |
pcomp |
to,due |
R1936 |
T8031 |
T8032 |
amod |
increased,fat |
R1937 |
T8032 |
T8023 |
pobj |
fat,due |
R1938 |
T8101 |
T8100 |
compound |
Figure,2A |
R1939 |
T8033 |
T8032 |
compound |
body,fat |
R1940 |
T8034 |
T8035 |
punct |
(,2A |
R1941 |
T8102 |
T8100 |
cc |
and,2A |
R1942 |
T8035 |
T8018 |
parataxis |
2A,was |
R1943 |
T8036 |
T8035 |
compound |
Figure,2A |
R1944 |
T8103 |
T8104 |
amod |
unpublished,data |
R1945 |
T8037 |
T8035 |
punct |
),2A |
R1946 |
T8104 |
T8100 |
conj |
data,2A |
R1947 |
T8038 |
T7970 |
punct |
.,was |
R1948 |
T8105 |
T8100 |
punct |
),2A |
R1949 |
T8040 |
T8041 |
amod |
Lean,mass |
R1950 |
T8041 |
T8042 |
nsubj |
mass,was |
R1951 |
T8106 |
T8060 |
punct |
.,accumulated |
R1952 |
T8043 |
T8042 |
neg |
not,was |
R1953 |
T8044 |
T8045 |
advmod |
significantly,different |
R1954 |
T8045 |
T8042 |
acomp |
different,was |
R1955 |
T8046 |
T8042 |
prep |
between,was |
R1956 |
T8108 |
T8109 |
amod |
Individual,weights |
R1957 |
T8047 |
T8048 |
det |
the,genotypes |
R1958 |
T8048 |
T8046 |
pobj |
genotypes,between |
R1959 |
T8049 |
T8050 |
punct |
(,data |
R1960 |
T8050 |
T8042 |
meta |
data,was |
R1961 |
T8109 |
T8111 |
nsubjpass |
weights,assessed |
R1962 |
T8051 |
T8050 |
amod |
unpublished,data |
R1963 |
T8110 |
T8109 |
compound |
organ,weights |
R1964 |
T8052 |
T8050 |
punct |
),data |
R1965 |
T8053 |
T8042 |
punct |
.,was |
R1966 |
T8112 |
T8111 |
auxpass |
were,assessed |
R1967 |
T8055 |
T8056 |
mark |
Although,detect |
R1968 |
T8056 |
T8060 |
advcl |
detect,accumulated |
R1969 |
T8057 |
T8056 |
nsubj |
DEXA,detect |
R1970 |
T8058 |
T8056 |
aux |
did,detect |
R1971 |
T8113 |
T8111 |
punct |
", ",assessed |
R1972 |
T8059 |
T8056 |
neg |
not,detect |
R1973 |
T8114 |
T8111 |
prep |
given,assessed |
R1974 |
T8061 |
T8062 |
amod |
excess,fat |
R1975 |
T8062 |
T8056 |
dobj |
fat,detect |
R1976 |
T8115 |
T8116 |
det |
the,importance |
R1977 |
T8063 |
T8062 |
compound |
body,fat |
R1978 |
T8064 |
T8056 |
prep |
in,detect |
R1979 |
T8065 |
T8066 |
amod |
male,mice |
R1980 |
T8116 |
T8114 |
pobj |
importance,given |
R1981 |
T8066 |
T8064 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R1982 |
T8067 |
T8068 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R1983 |
T8068 |
T8066 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R1984 |
T8117 |
T8116 |
prep |
of,importance |
R1985 |
T8069 |
T8068 |
punct |
-,1α |
R1986 |
T8070 |
T8068 |
punct |
−,1α |
R1987 |
T8071 |
T8068 |
punct |
/,1α |
R1988 |
T8118 |
T8119 |
amod |
mitochondrial,metabolism |
R1989 |
T8072 |
T8068 |
punct |
−,1α |
R1990 |
T8073 |
T8056 |
prep |
at,detect |
R1991 |
T8074 |
T8075 |
nummod |
18,wk |
R1992 |
T8119 |
T8117 |
pobj |
metabolism,of |
R1993 |
T8075 |
T8073 |
pobj |
wk,at |
R1994 |
T8076 |
T8074 |
cc |
or,18 |
R1995 |
T8120 |
T8119 |
compound |
energy,metabolism |
R1996 |
T8121 |
T8116 |
prep |
for,importance |
R1997 |
T8122 |
T8123 |
amod |
postnatal,growth |
R1998 |
T8123 |
T8121 |
pobj |
growth,for |
R1999 |
T8124 |
T8123 |
prep |
in,growth |
R2000 |
T8183 |
T8179 |
punct |
+,1α |
R2001 |
T8125 |
T8126 |
amod |
certain,organs |
R2002 |
T8184 |
T8131 |
prep |
at,were |
R2003 |
T8185 |
T8186 |
nummod |
3,wk |
R2004 |
T8186 |
T8184 |
pobj |
wk,at |
R2005 |
T8187 |
T8185 |
cc |
and,3 |
R2006 |
T8126 |
T8124 |
pobj |
organs,in |
R2007 |
T8188 |
T8185 |
conj |
8,3 |
R2008 |
T8189 |
T8186 |
prep |
of,wk |
R2009 |
T8190 |
T8189 |
pobj |
age,of |
R2010 |
T8127 |
T8111 |
punct |
.,assessed |
R2011 |
T8129 |
T8130 |
det |
The,weights |
R2012 |
T8191 |
T8192 |
punct |
(,2B |
R2013 |
T8192 |
T8131 |
parataxis |
2B,were |
R2014 |
T8193 |
T8192 |
compound |
Figure,2B |
R2015 |
T8194 |
T8192 |
cc |
and,2B |
R2016 |
T8195 |
T8196 |
amod |
unpublished,data |
R2017 |
T8130 |
T8131 |
nsubj |
weights,were |
R2018 |
T8196 |
T8192 |
conj |
data,2B |
R2019 |
T8197 |
T8192 |
punct |
),2B |
R2020 |
T8198 |
T8131 |
punct |
.,were |
R2021 |
T8132 |
T8130 |
prep |
of,weights |
R2022 |
T8200 |
T8201 |
prep |
In,were |
R2023 |
T8133 |
T8132 |
pobj |
heart,of |
R2024 |
T8202 |
T8200 |
pobj |
contrast,In |
R2025 |
T8203 |
T8201 |
punct |
", ",were |
R2026 |
T8134 |
T8133 |
cc |
and,heart |
R2027 |
T8204 |
T8205 |
det |
the,weights |
R2028 |
T8205 |
T8201 |
nsubj |
weights,were |
R2029 |
T8135 |
T8136 |
amod |
slow,twitch |
R2030 |
T8206 |
T8205 |
prep |
of,weights |
R2031 |
T8207 |
T8206 |
pobj |
brain,of |
R2032 |
T8208 |
T8207 |
punct |
", ",brain |
R2033 |
T8136 |
T8138 |
nmod |
twitch,muscles |
R2034 |
T8209 |
T8207 |
conj |
liver,brain |
R2035 |
T8210 |
T8209 |
punct |
", ",liver |
R2036 |
T8211 |
T8209 |
conj |
kidney,liver |
R2037 |
T8137 |
T8136 |
punct |
-,twitch |
R2038 |
T8212 |
T8211 |
punct |
", ",kidney |
R2039 |
T8213 |
T8211 |
cc |
and,kidney |
R2040 |
T8214 |
T8211 |
conj |
BAT,kidney |
R2041 |
T8138 |
T8133 |
conj |
muscles,heart |
R2042 |
T8215 |
T8201 |
neg |
not,were |
R2043 |
T8216 |
T8217 |
advmod |
significantly,different |
R2044 |
T8139 |
T8140 |
npadvmod |
fiber,enriched |
R2045 |
T8217 |
T8201 |
acomp |
different,were |
R2046 |
T8218 |
T8217 |
prep |
between,different |
R2047 |
T8219 |
T8220 |
det |
the,genotypes |
R2048 |
T8140 |
T8138 |
amod |
enriched,muscles |
R2049 |
T8220 |
T8218 |
pobj |
genotypes,between |
R2050 |
T8221 |
T8201 |
prep |
at,were |
R2051 |
T8222 |
T8223 |
det |
the,point |
R2052 |
T8141 |
T8140 |
punct |
-,enriched |
R2053 |
T8223 |
T8221 |
pobj |
point,at |
R2054 |
T8224 |
T8225 |
nummod |
3,wk |
R2055 |
T8225 |
T8223 |
compound |
wk,point |
R2056 |
T8226 |
T8225 |
punct |
-,wk |
R2057 |
T8227 |
T8223 |
compound |
time,point |
R2058 |
T8142 |
T8138 |
amod |
skeletal,muscles |
R2059 |
T8228 |
T8229 |
punct |
(,2B |
R2060 |
T8229 |
T8201 |
parataxis |
2B,were |
R2061 |
T8230 |
T8229 |
compound |
Figure,2B |
R2062 |
T8231 |
T8229 |
punct |
),2B |
R2063 |
T8143 |
T8138 |
punct |
", ",muscles |
R2064 |
T8144 |
T8138 |
prep |
including,muscles |
R2065 |
T8232 |
T8201 |
punct |
.,were |
R2066 |
T8234 |
T8235 |
advmod |
Thus,exhibit |
R2067 |
T8145 |
T8144 |
pobj |
gastrocnemius,including |
R2070 |
T8146 |
T8145 |
cc |
and,gastrocnemius |
R2071 |
T8238 |
T8235 |
nsubj |
tissues,exhibit |
R2072 |
T8239 |
T8238 |
prep |
with,tissues |
R2073 |
T8147 |
T8145 |
conj |
soleus,gastrocnemius |
R2074 |
T8240 |
T8241 |
amod |
high,requirements |
R2076 |
T8148 |
T8145 |
punct |
", ",gastrocnemius |
R2077 |
T8242 |
T8241 |
amod |
mitochondrial,requirements |
R2078 |
T8243 |
T8241 |
compound |
energy,requirements |
R2079 |
T8244 |
T8238 |
punct |
", ",tissues |
R2080 |
T8245 |
T8246 |
amod |
such,as |
R2081 |
T8149 |
T8145 |
cc |
but,gastrocnemius |
R2082 |
T8246 |
T8238 |
prep |
as,tissues |
R2083 |
T8247 |
T8248 |
nmod |
heart,muscle |
R2084 |
T8150 |
T8149 |
neg |
not,but |
R2086 |
T8249 |
T8247 |
cc |
and,heart |
R2087 |
T8250 |
T8251 |
amod |
slow,twitch |
R2088 |
T8151 |
T8152 |
det |
the,anterior |
R2089 |
T8251 |
T8253 |
npadvmod |
twitch,skeletal |
R2090 |
T8252 |
T8251 |
punct |
-,twitch |
R2091 |
T8253 |
T8247 |
conj |
skeletal,heart |
R2092 |
T8152 |
T8145 |
conj |
anterior,gastrocnemius |
R2093 |
T8254 |
T8235 |
punct |
", ",exhibit |
R2094 |
T8255 |
T8256 |
amod |
modest,defects |
R2095 |
T8153 |
T8154 |
advmod |
less,oxidative |
R2096 |
T8256 |
T8235 |
dobj |
defects,exhibit |
R2097 |
T8257 |
T8256 |
compound |
growth,defects |
R2098 |
T8258 |
T8235 |
prep |
in,exhibit |
R2099 |
T8259 |
T8260 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R2100 |
T8154 |
T8152 |
amod |
oxidative,anterior |
R2101 |
T8260 |
T8262 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R2102 |
T8155 |
T8152 |
compound |
tibialis,anterior |
R2103 |
T8261 |
T8260 |
punct |
-,1α |
R2104 |
T8262 |
T8258 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R2105 |
T8263 |
T8260 |
punct |
−,1α |
R2106 |
T8156 |
T8131 |
punct |
", ",were |
R2107 |
T8264 |
T8260 |
punct |
/,1α |
R2108 |
T8265 |
T8260 |
punct |
−,1α |
R2109 |
T8266 |
T8235 |
punct |
.,exhibit |
R2110 |
T8157 |
T8158 |
advmod |
significantly,lower |
R2111 |
T8158 |
T8131 |
acomp |
lower,were |
R2112 |
T8159 |
T8131 |
prep |
in,were |
R2113 |
T8160 |
T8161 |
amod |
male,mice |
R2114 |
T8161 |
T8159 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R2115 |
T8162 |
T8160 |
cc |
and,male |
R2116 |
T8163 |
T8160 |
conj |
female,male |
R2117 |
T8164 |
T8165 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R2118 |
T8165 |
T8161 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R2119 |
T8166 |
T8165 |
punct |
-,1α |
R2120 |
T8167 |
T8165 |
punct |
−,1α |
R2121 |
T8168 |
T8165 |
punct |
/,1α |
R2122 |
T8169 |
T8165 |
punct |
−,1α |
R2123 |
T8170 |
T8131 |
prep |
compared,were |
R2124 |
T8171 |
T8170 |
prep |
with,compared |
R2125 |
T8172 |
T8173 |
npadvmod |
age,matched |
R2126 |
T8173 |
T8177 |
amod |
matched,controls |
R2127 |
T8174 |
T8172 |
cc |
and,age |
R2128 |
T8175 |
T8172 |
conj |
sex,age |
R2129 |
T8176 |
T8173 |
punct |
-,matched |
R2130 |
T8177 |
T8171 |
pobj |
controls,with |
R2131 |
T8178 |
T8179 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R2132 |
T8179 |
T8177 |
nmod |
1α,controls |
R2133 |
T8180 |
T8179 |
punct |
-,1α |
R2134 |
T8181 |
T8179 |
punct |
+,1α |
R2135 |
T8182 |
T8179 |
punct |
/,1α |
R2136 |
T9816 |
T9817 |
amod |
Abnormal,Phenotype |
R2137 |
T9818 |
T9817 |
nmod |
Muscle,Phenotype |
R2138 |
T9819 |
T9817 |
amod |
Mitochondrial,Phenotype |
R2139 |
T9820 |
T9817 |
prep |
in,Phenotype |
R2140 |
T9821 |
T9822 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R2141 |
T9822 |
T9824 |
nmod |
1α,Mice |
R2142 |
T9823 |
T9822 |
punct |
-,1α |
R2143 |
T9824 |
T9820 |
pobj |
Mice,in |
R2144 |
T9825 |
T9822 |
punct |
−,1α |
R2145 |
T9826 |
T9822 |
punct |
/,1α |
R2146 |
T9827 |
T9822 |
punct |
−,1α |
R2147 |
T9829 |
T9830 |
amod |
General,analyses |
R2148 |
T9830 |
T9832 |
nsubjpass |
analyses,performed |
R2149 |
T9831 |
T9830 |
amod |
histologic,analyses |
R2150 |
T9833 |
T9832 |
auxpass |
were,performed |
R2151 |
T9834 |
T9835 |
aux |
to,begin |
R2152 |
T9835 |
T9832 |
advcl |
begin,performed |
R2153 |
T9836 |
T9837 |
aux |
to,evaluate |
R2154 |
T9837 |
T9835 |
xcomp |
evaluate,begin |
R2155 |
T9838 |
T9839 |
det |
the,defect |
R2156 |
T9839 |
T9837 |
dobj |
defect,evaluate |
R2157 |
T9840 |
T9839 |
amod |
mild,defect |
R2158 |
T9841 |
T9839 |
compound |
growth,defect |
R2159 |
T9842 |
T9839 |
acl |
found,defect |
R2160 |
T9843 |
T9842 |
prep |
in,found |
R2161 |
T9844 |
T9845 |
amod |
postnatal,heart |
R2162 |
T9845 |
T9843 |
pobj |
heart,in |
R2163 |
T9846 |
T9845 |
cc |
and,heart |
R2164 |
T9847 |
T9848 |
amod |
skeletal,muscle |
R2165 |
T9848 |
T9845 |
conj |
muscle,heart |
R2166 |
T9849 |
T9845 |
prep |
of,heart |
R2167 |
T9850 |
T9851 |
det |
the,mice |
R2168 |
T9851 |
T9849 |
pobj |
mice,of |
R2169 |
T9852 |
T9853 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R2170 |
T9853 |
T9851 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R2171 |
T9854 |
T9853 |
punct |
-,1α |
R2172 |
T9855 |
T9853 |
punct |
−,1α |
R2173 |
T9856 |
T9853 |
punct |
/,1α |
R2174 |
T9857 |
T9853 |
punct |
−,1α |
R2175 |
T9858 |
T9832 |
punct |
.,performed |
R2176 |
T9860 |
T9861 |
expl |
There,were |
R2177 |
T9862 |
T9863 |
det |
no,abnormalities |
R2178 |
T9863 |
T9861 |
attr |
abnormalities,were |
R2179 |
T9864 |
T9863 |
amod |
obvious,abnormalities |
R2180 |
T9865 |
T9863 |
prep |
in,abnormalities |
R2181 |
T9866 |
T9865 |
pobj |
cellularity,in |
R2182 |
T9867 |
T9866 |
punct |
", ",cellularity |
R2183 |
T9868 |
T9869 |
compound |
cell,size |
R2184 |
T9869 |
T9866 |
conj |
size,cellularity |
R2185 |
T9870 |
T9869 |
punct |
", ",size |
R2186 |
T9871 |
T9869 |
cc |
or,size |
R2187 |
T9872 |
T9873 |
amod |
extracellular,matrix |
R2188 |
T9873 |
T9869 |
conj |
matrix,size |
R2189 |
T9874 |
T9861 |
prep |
in,were |
R2190 |
T9875 |
T9876 |
det |
the,tissues |
R2191 |
T9876 |
T9874 |
pobj |
tissues,in |
R2192 |
T9877 |
T9876 |
prep |
of,tissues |
R2193 |
T9878 |
T9879 |
quantmod |
1,2 |
R2194 |
T9879 |
T9881 |
nummod |
2,mo |
R2195 |
T9880 |
T9879 |
punct |
–,2 |
R2196 |
T9881 |
T9883 |
npadvmod |
mo,old |
R2197 |
T9882 |
T9881 |
punct |
-,mo |
R2198 |
T9883 |
T9885 |
amod |
old,mice |
R2199 |
T9884 |
T9883 |
punct |
-,old |
R2200 |
T9885 |
T9877 |
pobj |
mice,of |
R2201 |
T9886 |
T9887 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R2202 |
T9887 |
T9885 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R2203 |
T9888 |
T9887 |
punct |
-,1α |
R2204 |
T9889 |
T9887 |
punct |
−,1α |
R2205 |
T9890 |
T9887 |
punct |
/,1α |
R2206 |
T9891 |
T9887 |
punct |
−,1α |
R2207 |
T9892 |
T9893 |
punct |
(,data |
R2208 |
T9893 |
T9861 |
meta |
data,were |
R2209 |
T9894 |
T9893 |
amod |
unpublished,data |
R2210 |
T9895 |
T9893 |
punct |
),data |
R2211 |
T9896 |
T9861 |
punct |
.,were |
R2212 |
T9898 |
T9899 |
prep |
Given,examined |
R2213 |
T9900 |
T9901 |
det |
the,role |
R2214 |
T9901 |
T9898 |
pobj |
role,Given |
R2215 |
T9902 |
T9901 |
amod |
important,role |
R2216 |
T9903 |
T9901 |
prep |
of,role |
R2217 |
T9904 |
T9905 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R2218 |
T9905 |
T9903 |
pobj |
1α,of |
R2219 |
T9906 |
T9905 |
punct |
-,1α |
R2220 |
T9907 |
T9901 |
prep |
in,role |
R2221 |
T9908 |
T9909 |
amod |
mitochondrial,function |
R2222 |
T9909 |
T9907 |
pobj |
function,in |
R2223 |
T9910 |
T9909 |
cc |
and,function |
R2224 |
T9911 |
T9909 |
conj |
biogenesis,function |
R2225 |
T9912 |
T9899 |
punct |
", ",examined |
R2226 |
T9913 |
T9899 |
nsubj |
we,examined |
R2227 |
T9914 |
T9915 |
amod |
mitochondrial,ultrastructure |
R2228 |
T9915 |
T9899 |
dobj |
ultrastructure,examined |
R2229 |
T9916 |
T9899 |
prep |
in,examined |
R2230 |
T9917 |
T9918 |
det |
the,tissues |
R2231 |
T9918 |
T9916 |
pobj |
tissues,in |
R2232 |
T9919 |
T9918 |
amod |
relevant,tissues |
R2233 |
T9920 |
T9899 |
punct |
.,examined |
R2234 |
T9922 |
T9923 |
npadvmod |
Electron,microscopic |
R2235 |
T9923 |
T9924 |
amod |
microscopic,analysis |
R2236 |
T9924 |
T9925 |
nsubj |
analysis,revealed |
R2237 |
T9926 |
T9927 |
amod |
fewer,mitochondria |
R2238 |
T9927 |
T9925 |
dobj |
mitochondria,revealed |
R2239 |
T9928 |
T9926 |
cc |
and,fewer |
R2240 |
T9929 |
T9926 |
conj |
smaller,fewer |
R2241 |
T9930 |
T9927 |
prep |
in,mitochondria |
R2242 |
T9931 |
T9932 |
compound |
soleus,muscle |
R2243 |
T9932 |
T9930 |
pobj |
muscle,in |
R2244 |
T9933 |
T9932 |
prep |
of,muscle |
R2245 |
T9934 |
T9935 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R2246 |
T9935 |
T9937 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R2247 |
T9936 |
T9935 |
punct |
-,1α |
R2248 |
T9937 |
T9933 |
pobj |
mice,of |
R2249 |
T9938 |
T9935 |
punct |
−,1α |
R2250 |
T9939 |
T9935 |
punct |
/,1α |
R2251 |
T9940 |
T9935 |
punct |
−,1α |
R2252 |
T9941 |
T9925 |
prep |
compared,revealed |
R2253 |
T9942 |
T9941 |
prep |
to,compared |
R2254 |
T9943 |
T9944 |
npadvmod |
sex,matched |
R2255 |
T9944 |
T9949 |
amod |
matched,controls |
R2256 |
T9945 |
T9943 |
punct |
-,sex |
R2257 |
T9946 |
T9943 |
cc |
and,sex |
R2258 |
T9947 |
T9943 |
conj |
age,sex |
R2259 |
T9948 |
T9944 |
punct |
-,matched |
R2260 |
T9949 |
T9942 |
pobj |
controls,to |
R2261 |
T9950 |
T9951 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R2262 |
T9951 |
T9949 |
nmod |
1α,controls |
R2263 |
T9952 |
T9951 |
punct |
-,1α |
R2264 |
T9953 |
T9951 |
punct |
+,1α |
R2265 |
T9954 |
T9951 |
punct |
/,1α |
R2266 |
T9955 |
T9951 |
punct |
+,1α |
R2267 |
T9956 |
T9957 |
punct |
(,3A |
R2268 |
T9957 |
T9925 |
parataxis |
3A,revealed |
R2269 |
T9958 |
T9957 |
compound |
Figure,3A |
R2270 |
T9959 |
T9957 |
punct |
),3A |
R2271 |
T9960 |
T9925 |
punct |
.,revealed |
R2272 |
T9962 |
T9963 |
amod |
Quantitative,morphometry |
R2273 |
T9963 |
T9964 |
nsubj |
morphometry,confirmed |
R2274 |
T9965 |
T9963 |
prep |
of,morphometry |
R2275 |
T9966 |
T9967 |
det |
the,micrographs |
R2276 |
T9967 |
T9965 |
pobj |
micrographs,of |
R2277 |
T9968 |
T9967 |
compound |
electron,micrographs |
R2278 |
T9969 |
T9970 |
mark |
that,was |
R2279 |
T9970 |
T9964 |
ccomp |
was,confirmed |
R2280 |
T9971 |
T9972 |
det |
the,density |
R2281 |
T9972 |
T9970 |
nsubj |
density,was |
R2282 |
T9973 |
T9972 |
amod |
cellular,density |
R2283 |
T9974 |
T9972 |
compound |
volume,density |
R2284 |
T9975 |
T9972 |
prep |
of,density |
R2285 |
T9976 |
T9977 |
compound |
soleus,mitochondria |
R2286 |
T9977 |
T9975 |
pobj |
mitochondria,of |
R2287 |
T9978 |
T9979 |
advmod |
significantly,lower |
R2288 |
T9979 |
T9970 |
acomp |
lower,was |
R2289 |
T9980 |
T9970 |
prep |
in,was |
R2290 |
T9981 |
T9982 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R2291 |
T9982 |
T9984 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R2292 |
T9983 |
T9982 |
punct |
-,1α |
R2293 |
T9984 |
T9980 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R2294 |
T9985 |
T9982 |
punct |
−,1α |
R2295 |
T9986 |
T9982 |
punct |
/,1α |
R2296 |
T9987 |
T9982 |
punct |
−,1α |
R2297 |
T9988 |
T9970 |
prep |
compared,was |
R2298 |
T9989 |
T9988 |
prep |
to,compared |
R2299 |
T9990 |
T9991 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R2300 |
T9991 |
T9993 |
nmod |
1α,controls |
R2301 |
T9992 |
T9991 |
punct |
-,1α |
R2302 |
T9993 |
T9989 |
pobj |
controls,to |
R2303 |
T9994 |
T9991 |
punct |
+,1α |
R2304 |
T9995 |
T9991 |
punct |
/,1α |
R2305 |
T9996 |
T9991 |
punct |
+,1α |
R2306 |
T9997 |
T9970 |
advcl |
independent,was |
R2307 |
T9998 |
T9997 |
prep |
of,independent |
R2308 |
T9999 |
T9998 |
pobj |
changes,of |
R2309 |
T10000 |
T9999 |
prep |
in,changes |
R2310 |
T10001 |
T10002 |
det |
the,component |
R2311 |
T10002 |
T10000 |
pobj |
component,in |
R2312 |
T10003 |
T10002 |
amod |
myofibrillar,component |
R2313 |
T10004 |
T10005 |
punct |
(,3B |
R2314 |
T10005 |
T9964 |
parataxis |
3B,confirmed |
R2315 |
T10006 |
T10005 |
compound |
Figure,3B |
R2316 |
T10007 |
T10005 |
punct |
),3B |
R2317 |
T10008 |
T9964 |
punct |
.,confirmed |
R2318 |
T10010 |
T10011 |
advcl |
Consistent,found |
R2319 |
T10012 |
T10010 |
prep |
with,Consistent |
R2320 |
T10013 |
T10014 |
det |
a,defect |
R2321 |
T10014 |
T10012 |
pobj |
defect,with |
R2322 |
T10015 |
T10014 |
prep |
in,defect |
R2323 |
T10016 |
T10017 |
amod |
mitochondrial,biogenesis |
R2324 |
T10017 |
T10015 |
pobj |
biogenesis,in |
R2325 |
T10018 |
T10011 |
punct |
", ",found |
R2326 |
T10019 |
T10011 |
nsubj |
we,found |
R2327 |
T10020 |
T10021 |
det |
a,reduction |
R2328 |
T10021 |
T10011 |
dobj |
reduction,found |
R2329 |
T10022 |
T10021 |
prep |
in,reduction |
R2330 |
T10023 |
T10024 |
det |
the,expression |
R2331 |
T10024 |
T10022 |
pobj |
expression,in |
R2332 |
T10025 |
T10024 |
prep |
of,expression |
R2333 |
T10026 |
T10027 |
amod |
nuclear,genes |
R2334 |
T10027 |
T10025 |
pobj |
genes,of |
R2335 |
T10028 |
T10027 |
acl |
encoding,genes |
R2336 |
T10029 |
T10028 |
dobj |
proteins,encoding |
R2337 |
T10030 |
T10029 |
acl |
involved,proteins |
R2338 |
T10031 |
T10030 |
prep |
in,involved |
R2339 |
T10032 |
T10033 |
amod |
mitochondrial,transport |
R2340 |
T10033 |
T10031 |
pobj |
transport,in |
R2341 |
T10034 |
T10033 |
compound |
electron,transport |
R2342 |
T10035 |
T10029 |
punct |
(,proteins |
R2343 |
T10036 |
T10037 |
compound |
cytochrome,c |
R2344 |
T10037 |
T10029 |
appos |
c,proteins |
R2345 |
T10038 |
T10037 |
cc |
and,c |
R2346 |
T10039 |
T10040 |
compound |
cytochrome,oxidase |
R2347 |
T10040 |
T10037 |
conj |
oxidase,c |
R2348 |
T10041 |
T10040 |
nummod |
IV,oxidase |
R2349 |
T10042 |
T10029 |
punct |
),proteins |
R2350 |
T10043 |
T10029 |
cc |
and,proteins |
R2351 |
T10044 |
T10045 |
amod |
oxidative,phosphorylation |
R2352 |
T10045 |
T10029 |
conj |
phosphorylation,proteins |
R2353 |
T10046 |
T10045 |
punct |
(,phosphorylation |
R2354 |
T10047 |
T10048 |
compound |
beta,subunit |
R2355 |
T10048 |
T10045 |
appos |
subunit,phosphorylation |
R2356 |
T10049 |
T10048 |
prep |
of,subunit |
R2357 |
T10050 |
T10051 |
compound |
ATP,synthase |
R2358 |
T10051 |
T10049 |
pobj |
synthase,of |
R2359 |
T10052 |
T10028 |
punct |
),encoding |
R2360 |
T10053 |
T10028 |
prep |
in,encoding |
R2361 |
T10054 |
T10055 |
compound |
soleus,muscle |
R2362 |
T10055 |
T10053 |
pobj |
muscle,in |
R2363 |
T10056 |
T10055 |
prep |
of,muscle |
R2364 |
T10057 |
T10058 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R2365 |
T10058 |
T10060 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R2366 |
T10059 |
T10058 |
punct |
-,1α |
R2367 |
T10060 |
T10056 |
pobj |
mice,of |
R2368 |
T10061 |
T10058 |
punct |
−,1α |
R2369 |
T10062 |
T10058 |
punct |
/,1α |
R2370 |
T10063 |
T10058 |
punct |
−,1α |
R2371 |
T10064 |
T10011 |
prep |
compared,found |
R2372 |
T10065 |
T10064 |
prep |
with,compared |
R2373 |
T10066 |
T10067 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R2374 |
T10067 |
T10069 |
nmod |
1α,controls |
R2375 |
T10068 |
T10067 |
punct |
-,1α |
R2376 |
T10069 |
T10065 |
pobj |
controls,with |
R2377 |
T10070 |
T10067 |
punct |
+,1α |
R2378 |
T10071 |
T10067 |
punct |
/,1α |
R2379 |
T10072 |
T10067 |
punct |
+,1α |
R2380 |
T10073 |
T10011 |
punct |
.,found |
R2381 |
T10075 |
T10076 |
prep |
In,diminished |
R2382 |
T10077 |
T10075 |
pobj |
addition,In |
R2383 |
T10078 |
T10076 |
punct |
", ",diminished |
R2384 |
T10079 |
T10080 |
det |
the,expression |
R2385 |
T10080 |
T10076 |
nsubjpass |
expression,diminished |
R2386 |
T10081 |
T10080 |
prep |
of,expression |
R2387 |
T10082 |
T10081 |
pobj |
Tfam,of |
R2388 |
T10083 |
T10082 |
punct |
", ",Tfam |
R2389 |
T10084 |
T10085 |
det |
a,target |
R2390 |
T10085 |
T10082 |
appos |
target,Tfam |
R2391 |
T10086 |
T10085 |
amod |
known,target |
R2392 |
T10087 |
T10088 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R2393 |
T10088 |
T10085 |
compound |
1α,target |
R2394 |
T10089 |
T10088 |
punct |
-,1α |
R2395 |
T10090 |
T10085 |
acl |
involved,target |
R2396 |
T10091 |
T10090 |
prep |
in,involved |
R2397 |
T10092 |
T10093 |
amod |
mitochondrial,transcription |
R2398 |
T10093 |
T10091 |
pobj |
transcription,in |
R2399 |
T10094 |
T10093 |
compound |
DNA,transcription |
R2400 |
T10095 |
T10093 |
compound |
replication,transcription |
R2401 |
T10096 |
T10093 |
punct |
/,transcription |
R2402 |
T10097 |
T10076 |
punct |
", ",diminished |
R2403 |
T10098 |
T10076 |
auxpass |
was,diminished |
R2404 |
T10099 |
T10076 |
prep |
in,diminished |
R2405 |
T10100 |
T10101 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R2406 |
T10101 |
T10103 |
nmod |
1α,soleus |
R2407 |
T10102 |
T10101 |
punct |
-,1α |
R2408 |
T10103 |
T10099 |
pobj |
soleus,in |
R2409 |
T10104 |
T10101 |
punct |
−,1α |
R2410 |
T10105 |
T10101 |
punct |
/,1α |
R2411 |
T10106 |
T10101 |
punct |
−,1α |
R2412 |
T10107 |
T10076 |
punct |
", ",diminished |
R2413 |
T10108 |
T10076 |
advcl |
providing,diminished |
R2414 |
T10109 |
T10110 |
nummod |
one,mechanism |
R2415 |
T10110 |
T10108 |
dobj |
mechanism,providing |
R2416 |
T10111 |
T10110 |
amod |
potential,mechanism |
R2417 |
T10112 |
T10110 |
prep |
for,mechanism |
R2418 |
T10113 |
T10114 |
amod |
defective,biogenesis |
R2419 |
T10114 |
T10112 |
pobj |
biogenesis,for |
R2420 |
T10115 |
T10114 |
amod |
mitochondrial,biogenesis |
R2421 |
T10116 |
T10117 |
punct |
(,3C |
R2422 |
T10117 |
T10076 |
parataxis |
3C,diminished |
R2423 |
T10118 |
T10117 |
compound |
Figure,3C |
R2424 |
T10119 |
T10117 |
punct |
),3C |
R2425 |
T10120 |
T10076 |
punct |
.,diminished |
R2426 |
T10122 |
T10123 |
prep |
In,noted |
R2427 |
T10124 |
T10122 |
pobj |
contrast,In |
R2428 |
T10125 |
T10124 |
prep |
to,contrast |
R2429 |
T10126 |
T10127 |
det |
the,results |
R2430 |
T10127 |
T10125 |
pobj |
results,to |
R2431 |
T10128 |
T10127 |
prep |
with,results |
R2432 |
T10129 |
T10128 |
pobj |
soleus,with |
R2433 |
T10130 |
T10123 |
punct |
", ",noted |
R2434 |
T10131 |
T10132 |
det |
no,differences |
R2435 |
T10132 |
T10123 |
nsubjpass |
differences,noted |
R2436 |
T10133 |
T10132 |
amod |
significant,differences |
R2437 |
T10134 |
T10132 |
prep |
in,differences |
R2438 |
T10135 |
T10136 |
amod |
mitochondrial,ultrastructure |
R2439 |
T10136 |
T10134 |
pobj |
ultrastructure,in |
R2440 |
T10137 |
T10136 |
cc |
or,ultrastructure |
R2441 |
T10138 |
T10139 |
compound |
volume,density |
R2442 |
T10139 |
T10136 |
conj |
density,ultrastructure |
R2443 |
T10140 |
T10123 |
auxpass |
were,noted |
R2444 |
T10141 |
T10123 |
prep |
in,noted |
R2445 |
T10142 |
T10141 |
pobj |
heart,in |
R2446 |
T10143 |
T10142 |
cc |
or,heart |
R2447 |
T10144 |
T10142 |
conj |
BAT,heart |
R2448 |
T10145 |
T10142 |
prep |
of,heart |
R2449 |
T10146 |
T10147 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R2450 |
T10147 |
T10149 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R2451 |
T10148 |
T10147 |
punct |
-,1α |
R2452 |
T10149 |
T10145 |
pobj |
mice,of |
R2453 |
T10150 |
T10147 |
punct |
−,1α |
R2454 |
T10151 |
T10147 |
punct |
/,1α |
R2455 |
T10152 |
T10147 |
punct |
−,1α |
R2456 |
T10153 |
T10154 |
punct |
(,data |
R2457 |
T10154 |
T10123 |
meta |
data,noted |
R2458 |
T10155 |
T10154 |
amod |
unpublished,data |
R2459 |
T10156 |
T10154 |
punct |
),data |
R2460 |
T10157 |
T10123 |
punct |
.,noted |
R2461 |
T10159 |
T10160 |
aux |
To,determine |
R2462 |
T10160 |
T10161 |
advcl |
determine,measured |
R2463 |
T10162 |
T10163 |
mark |
whether,altered |
R2464 |
T10163 |
T10160 |
ccomp |
altered,determine |
R2465 |
T10164 |
T10165 |
amod |
mitochondrial,function |
R2466 |
T10165 |
T10163 |
nsubjpass |
function,altered |
R2467 |
T10166 |
T10163 |
auxpass |
was,altered |
R2468 |
T10167 |
T10163 |
prep |
in,altered |
R2469 |
T10168 |
T10169 |
det |
the,muscle |
R2470 |
T10169 |
T10167 |
pobj |
muscle,in |
R2471 |
T10170 |
T10169 |
amod |
skeletal,muscle |
R2472 |
T10171 |
T10169 |
prep |
of,muscle |
R2473 |
T10172 |
T10173 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R2474 |
T10173 |
T10175 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R2475 |
T10174 |
T10173 |
punct |
-,1α |
R2476 |
T10175 |
T10171 |
pobj |
mice,of |
R2477 |
T10176 |
T10173 |
punct |
−,1α |
R2478 |
T10177 |
T10173 |
punct |
/,1α |
R2479 |
T10178 |
T10173 |
punct |
−,1α |
R2480 |
T10179 |
T10161 |
punct |
", ",measured |
R2481 |
T10180 |
T10181 |
amod |
mitochondrial,rates |
R2482 |
T10181 |
T10161 |
nsubjpass |
rates,measured |
R2483 |
T10182 |
T10181 |
compound |
respiration,rates |
R2484 |
T10183 |
T10161 |
auxpass |
were,measured |
R2485 |
T10184 |
T10161 |
advcl |
using,measured |
R2486 |
T10185 |
T10186 |
compound |
tissue,strips |
R2487 |
T10186 |
T10184 |
dobj |
strips,using |
R2488 |
T10187 |
T10186 |
acl |
prepared,strips |
R2489 |
T10188 |
T10187 |
prep |
from,prepared |
R2490 |
T10189 |
T10190 |
compound |
soleus,muscle |
R2491 |
T10190 |
T10188 |
pobj |
muscle,from |
R2492 |
T10262 |
T10261 |
pobj |
respiration,of |
R2493 |
T10191 |
T10161 |
punct |
.,measured |
R2494 |
T10263 |
T10260 |
prep |
to,coupling |
R2495 |
T10193 |
T10194 |
prep |
In,detected |
R2496 |
T10264 |
T10265 |
compound |
ATP,production |
R2497 |
T10265 |
T10263 |
pobj |
production,to |
R2498 |
T10266 |
T10258 |
auxpass |
was,altered |
R2499 |
T10195 |
T10193 |
pobj |
soleus,In |
R2500 |
T10267 |
T10258 |
neg |
not,altered |
R2501 |
T10196 |
T10195 |
prep |
of,soleus |
R2502 |
T10268 |
T10258 |
advmod |
significantly,altered |
R2503 |
T10269 |
T10258 |
prep |
in,altered |
R2504 |
T10270 |
T10271 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R2505 |
T10197 |
T10198 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R2506 |
T10271 |
T10273 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R2507 |
T10272 |
T10271 |
punct |
-,1α |
R2508 |
T10198 |
T10200 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R2509 |
T10273 |
T10269 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R2510 |
T10274 |
T10271 |
punct |
−,1α |
R2511 |
T10199 |
T10198 |
punct |
-,1α |
R2512 |
T10275 |
T10271 |
punct |
/,1α |
R2513 |
T10276 |
T10271 |
punct |
−,1α |
R2514 |
T10200 |
T10196 |
pobj |
mice,of |
R2515 |
T10277 |
T10242 |
punct |
.,were |
R2516 |
T10279 |
T10280 |
det |
These,results |
R2517 |
T10201 |
T10198 |
punct |
−,1α |
R2518 |
T10280 |
T10281 |
nsubj |
results,are |
R2519 |
T10202 |
T10198 |
punct |
/,1α |
R2520 |
T10282 |
T10281 |
acomp |
consistent,are |
R2521 |
T10283 |
T10282 |
prep |
with,consistent |
R2522 |
T10203 |
T10198 |
punct |
−,1α |
R2523 |
T10284 |
T10285 |
det |
the,reduction |
R2524 |
T10285 |
T10283 |
pobj |
reduction,with |
R2525 |
T10286 |
T10285 |
amod |
modest,reduction |
R2526 |
T10204 |
T10194 |
punct |
", ",detected |
R2527 |
T10287 |
T10286 |
cc |
but,modest |
R2528 |
T10288 |
T10286 |
conj |
significant,modest |
R2529 |
T10289 |
T10285 |
prep |
in,reduction |
R2530 |
T10205 |
T10206 |
det |
a,defect |
R2531 |
T10290 |
T10291 |
amod |
mitochondrial,density |
R2532 |
T10291 |
T10289 |
pobj |
density,in |
R2533 |
T10292 |
T10291 |
compound |
volume,density |
R2534 |
T10293 |
T10281 |
punct |
.,are |
R2535 |
T10206 |
T10194 |
nsubjpass |
defect,detected |
R2536 |
T10207 |
T10206 |
amod |
significant,defect |
R2537 |
T10208 |
T10206 |
prep |
in,defect |
R2538 |
T10209 |
T10210 |
nmod |
state,respiration |
R2539 |
T10210 |
T10208 |
pobj |
respiration,in |
R2540 |
T10211 |
T10209 |
nummod |
3,state |
R2541 |
T10212 |
T10213 |
punct |
(,stimulated |
R2542 |
T10213 |
T10209 |
parataxis |
stimulated,state |
R2543 |
T10214 |
T10213 |
npadvmod |
ADP,stimulated |
R2544 |
T10215 |
T10213 |
punct |
-,stimulated |
R2545 |
T10216 |
T10213 |
punct |
),stimulated |
R2546 |
T10217 |
T10210 |
punct |
", ",respiration |
R2547 |
T10218 |
T10210 |
cc |
but,respiration |
R2548 |
T10219 |
T10218 |
neg |
not,but |
R2549 |
T10220 |
T10210 |
conj |
state,respiration |
R2550 |
T10221 |
T10220 |
nummod |
2,state |
R2551 |
T10222 |
T10223 |
punct |
(,basal |
R2552 |
T10223 |
T10220 |
parataxis |
basal,state |
R2553 |
T10224 |
T10223 |
punct |
),basal |
R2554 |
T10225 |
T10194 |
punct |
", ",detected |
R2555 |
T10226 |
T10194 |
auxpass |
was,detected |
R2556 |
T10227 |
T10194 |
advcl |
using,detected |
R2557 |
T10228 |
T10227 |
dobj |
succinate,using |
R2558 |
T10229 |
T10227 |
prep |
as,using |
R2559 |
T10230 |
T10231 |
det |
the,substrate |
R2560 |
T10231 |
T10229 |
pobj |
substrate,as |
R2561 |
T10232 |
T10233 |
punct |
(,3D |
R2562 |
T10233 |
T10194 |
parataxis |
3D,detected |
R2563 |
T10234 |
T10233 |
compound |
Figure,3D |
R2564 |
T10235 |
T10233 |
punct |
),3D |
R2565 |
T10236 |
T10194 |
punct |
.,detected |
R2566 |
T10238 |
T10239 |
nmod |
State,rates |
R2567 |
T10239 |
T10242 |
nsubj |
rates,were |
R2568 |
T10240 |
T10238 |
nummod |
4,State |
R2569 |
T10241 |
T10239 |
compound |
respiration,rates |
R2570 |
T10243 |
T10239 |
punct |
(,rates |
R2571 |
T10244 |
T10239 |
prep |
in,rates |
R2572 |
T10245 |
T10246 |
det |
the,presence |
R2573 |
T10246 |
T10244 |
pobj |
presence,in |
R2574 |
T10247 |
T10246 |
prep |
of,presence |
R2575 |
T10248 |
T10247 |
pobj |
oligomycin,of |
R2576 |
T10249 |
T10242 |
punct |
),were |
R2577 |
T10250 |
T10242 |
advmod |
also,were |
R2578 |
T10251 |
T10242 |
acomp |
similar,were |
R2579 |
T10252 |
T10242 |
prep |
between,were |
R2580 |
T10253 |
T10254 |
det |
the,genotypes |
R2581 |
T10254 |
T10252 |
pobj |
genotypes,between |
R2582 |
T10255 |
T10242 |
punct |
", ",were |
R2583 |
T10256 |
T10242 |
advcl |
indicating,were |
R2584 |
T10257 |
T10258 |
mark |
that,altered |
R2585 |
T10258 |
T10256 |
ccomp |
altered,indicating |
R2586 |
T10259 |
T10260 |
det |
the,coupling |
R2587 |
T10260 |
T10258 |
nsubjpass |
coupling,altered |
R2588 |
T10261 |
T10260 |
prep |
of,coupling |
R2589 |
T12484 |
T12485 |
amod |
Altered,Function |
R2590 |
T12486 |
T12487 |
amod |
Skeletal,Muscle |
R2591 |
T12487 |
T12485 |
compound |
Muscle,Function |
R2592 |
T12488 |
T12485 |
prep |
in,Function |
R2593 |
T12489 |
T12490 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R2594 |
T12490 |
T12492 |
nmod |
1α,Mice |
R2595 |
T12491 |
T12490 |
punct |
-,1α |
R2596 |
T12492 |
T12488 |
pobj |
Mice,in |
R2597 |
T12493 |
T12490 |
punct |
−,1α |
R2598 |
T12494 |
T12490 |
punct |
/,1α |
R2599 |
T12495 |
T12490 |
punct |
−,1α |
R2600 |
T12497 |
T12498 |
det |
The,abnormality |
R2601 |
T12498 |
T12499 |
nsubj |
abnormality,led |
R2602 |
T12500 |
T12498 |
prep |
in,abnormality |
R2603 |
T12501 |
T12502 |
amod |
mitochondrial,number |
R2604 |
T12502 |
T12500 |
pobj |
number,in |
R2605 |
T12503 |
T12502 |
cc |
and,number |
R2606 |
T12504 |
T12505 |
amod |
respiratory,function |
R2607 |
T12505 |
T12502 |
conj |
function,number |
R2608 |
T12506 |
T12498 |
prep |
in,abnormality |
R2609 |
T12507 |
T12508 |
amod |
skeletal,muscle |
R2610 |
T12508 |
T12506 |
pobj |
muscle,in |
R2611 |
T12509 |
T12499 |
dobj |
us,led |
R2612 |
T12510 |
T12511 |
aux |
to,evaluate |
R2613 |
T12511 |
T12499 |
xcomp |
evaluate,led |
R2614 |
T12512 |
T12511 |
advmod |
further,evaluate |
R2615 |
T12513 |
T12514 |
det |
the,phenotype |
R2616 |
T12514 |
T12511 |
dobj |
phenotype,evaluate |
R2617 |
T12515 |
T12516 |
amod |
skeletal,muscle |
R2618 |
T12516 |
T12514 |
compound |
muscle,phenotype |
R2619 |
T12517 |
T12499 |
punct |
.,led |
R2620 |
T12519 |
T12520 |
prep |
As,measured |
R2621 |
T12521 |
T12522 |
det |
an,step |
R2622 |
T12522 |
T12519 |
pobj |
step,As |
R2623 |
T12523 |
T12522 |
amod |
initial,step |
R2624 |
T12524 |
T12520 |
punct |
", ",measured |
R2625 |
T12525 |
T12520 |
nsubj |
we,measured |
R2626 |
T12526 |
T12527 |
compound |
locomotor,levels |
R2627 |
T12527 |
T12520 |
dobj |
levels,measured |
R2628 |
T12528 |
T12527 |
compound |
activity,levels |
R2629 |
T12529 |
T12520 |
prep |
over,measured |
R2630 |
T12530 |
T12531 |
det |
a,period |
R2631 |
T12531 |
T12529 |
pobj |
period,over |
R2632 |
T12532 |
T12533 |
nummod |
1,h |
R2633 |
T12533 |
T12531 |
compound |
h,period |
R2634 |
T12534 |
T12533 |
punct |
-,h |
R2635 |
T12535 |
T12520 |
advcl |
using,measured |
R2636 |
T12536 |
T12537 |
det |
a,system |
R2637 |
T12537 |
T12535 |
dobj |
system,using |
R2638 |
T12538 |
T12539 |
amod |
high,resolution |
R2639 |
T12539 |
T12537 |
compound |
resolution,system |
R2640 |
T12540 |
T12539 |
punct |
-,resolution |
R2641 |
T12541 |
T12537 |
compound |
photobeam,system |
R2642 |
T12542 |
T12520 |
punct |
.,measured |
R2643 |
T12544 |
T12545 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R2644 |
T12545 |
T12547 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R2645 |
T12546 |
T12545 |
punct |
-,1α |
R2646 |
T12547 |
T12552 |
nsubj |
mice,exhibited |
R2647 |
T12548 |
T12545 |
punct |
−,1α |
R2648 |
T12549 |
T12545 |
punct |
/,1α |
R2649 |
T12550 |
T12545 |
punct |
−,1α |
R2650 |
T12551 |
T12547 |
amod |
male,mice |
R2651 |
T12553 |
T12554 |
det |
a,number |
R2652 |
T12554 |
T12552 |
dobj |
number,exhibited |
R2653 |
T12555 |
T12556 |
advmod |
significantly,lower |
R2654 |
T12556 |
T12554 |
amod |
lower,number |
R2655 |
T12557 |
T12554 |
amod |
mean,number |
R2656 |
T12558 |
T12554 |
prep |
of,number |
R2657 |
T12559 |
T12558 |
pobj |
ambulations,of |
R2658 |
T12560 |
T12559 |
cc |
and,ambulations |
R2659 |
T12561 |
T12559 |
conj |
rearings,ambulations |
R2660 |
T12562 |
T12552 |
prep |
during,exhibited |
R2661 |
T12563 |
T12564 |
det |
the,hour |
R2662 |
T12564 |
T12562 |
pobj |
hour,during |
R2663 |
T12565 |
T12552 |
prep |
compared,exhibited |
R2664 |
T12566 |
T12565 |
prep |
to,compared |
R2665 |
T12567 |
T12568 |
det |
the,controls |
R2666 |
T12568 |
T12566 |
pobj |
controls,to |
R2667 |
T12569 |
T12570 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R2668 |
T12570 |
T12568 |
nmod |
1α,controls |
R2669 |
T12571 |
T12570 |
punct |
-,1α |
R2670 |
T12572 |
T12570 |
punct |
+,1α |
R2671 |
T12573 |
T12570 |
punct |
/,1α |
R2672 |
T12574 |
T12570 |
punct |
+,1α |
R2673 |
T12575 |
T12576 |
npadvmod |
age,matched |
R2674 |
T12576 |
T12568 |
amod |
matched,controls |
R2675 |
T12577 |
T12576 |
punct |
-,matched |
R2676 |
T12578 |
T12579 |
punct |
(,Figure |
R2677 |
T12579 |
T12552 |
parataxis |
Figure,exhibited |
R2678 |
T12580 |
T12579 |
nummod |
4,Figure |
R2679 |
T12581 |
T12579 |
punct |
),Figure |
R2680 |
T12582 |
T12552 |
punct |
.,exhibited |
R2681 |
T12584 |
T12585 |
advmod |
However,showed |
R2682 |
T12586 |
T12585 |
punct |
", ",showed |
R2683 |
T12587 |
T12588 |
det |
an,analysis |
R2684 |
T12588 |
T12585 |
nsubj |
analysis,showed |
R2685 |
T12589 |
T12588 |
prep |
of,analysis |
R2686 |
T12590 |
T12591 |
amod |
exploratory,behavior |
R2687 |
T12591 |
T12589 |
pobj |
behavior,of |
R2688 |
T12592 |
T12593 |
mark |
that,were |
R2689 |
T12593 |
T12585 |
ccomp |
were,showed |
R2690 |
T12594 |
T12595 |
det |
the,mice |
R2691 |
T12595 |
T12593 |
nsubj |
mice,were |
R2692 |
T12596 |
T12597 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R2693 |
T12597 |
T12595 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R2694 |
T12598 |
T12597 |
punct |
-,1α |
R2695 |
T12599 |
T12597 |
punct |
−,1α |
R2696 |
T12600 |
T12597 |
punct |
/,1α |
R2697 |
T12601 |
T12597 |
punct |
−,1α |
R2698 |
T12602 |
T12593 |
acomp |
reluctant,were |
R2699 |
T12603 |
T12604 |
aux |
to,go |
R2700 |
T12604 |
T12602 |
xcomp |
go,reluctant |
R2701 |
T12605 |
T12604 |
prep |
into,go |
R2702 |
T12606 |
T12607 |
det |
the,center |
R2703 |
T12607 |
T12605 |
pobj |
center,into |
R2704 |
T12608 |
T12607 |
prep |
of,center |
R2705 |
T12609 |
T12610 |
det |
the,field |
R2706 |
T12610 |
T12608 |
pobj |
field,of |
R2707 |
T12611 |
T12610 |
punct |
“,field |
R2708 |
T12612 |
T12593 |
punct |
”,were |
R2709 |
T12613 |
T12593 |
prep |
compared,were |
R2710 |
T12614 |
T12613 |
prep |
to,compared |
R2711 |
T12615 |
T12614 |
pobj |
controls,to |
R2712 |
T12616 |
T12585 |
punct |
.,showed |
R2713 |
T12618 |
T12619 |
advmod |
Specifically,field |
R2714 |
T12620 |
T12619 |
punct |
", ",field |
R2715 |
T12621 |
T12622 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R2716 |
T12622 |
T12624 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R2717 |
T12623 |
T12622 |
punct |
-,1α |
R2718 |
T12624 |
T12619 |
nsubj |
mice,field |
R2719 |
T12625 |
T12622 |
punct |
−,1α |
R2720 |
T12626 |
T12622 |
punct |
/,1α |
R2721 |
T12627 |
T12622 |
punct |
−,1α |
R2722 |
T12628 |
T12619 |
acl |
made,field |
R2723 |
T12629 |
T12630 |
advmod |
significantly,fewer |
R2724 |
T12630 |
T12631 |
amod |
fewer,entries |
R2725 |
T12631 |
T12628 |
dobj |
entries,made |
R2726 |
T12632 |
T12631 |
prep |
into,entries |
R2727 |
T12633 |
T12619 |
punct |
", ",field |
R2728 |
T12634 |
T12619 |
acl |
spent,field |
R2729 |
T12635 |
T12636 |
advmod |
significantly,less |
R2730 |
T12636 |
T12637 |
amod |
less,time |
R2731 |
T12637 |
T12634 |
dobj |
time,spent |
R2732 |
T12638 |
T12634 |
prep |
in,spent |
R2733 |
T12639 |
T12619 |
punct |
", ",field |
R2734 |
T12640 |
T12619 |
cc |
and,field |
R2735 |
T12641 |
T12619 |
acl |
traveled,field |
R2736 |
T12642 |
T12643 |
det |
a,distance |
R2737 |
T12643 |
T12641 |
dobj |
distance,traveled |
R2738 |
T12644 |
T12645 |
advmod |
significantly,shorter |
R2739 |
T12645 |
T12643 |
amod |
shorter,distance |
R2740 |
T12646 |
T12643 |
prep |
in,distance |
R2741 |
T12647 |
T12648 |
det |
the,area |
R2742 |
T12648 |
T12646 |
pobj |
area,in |
R2743 |
T12649 |
T12648 |
amod |
central,area |
R2744 |
T12650 |
T12648 |
prep |
of,area |
R2745 |
T12651 |
T12619 |
det |
the,field |
R2746 |
T12652 |
T12619 |
punct |
“,field |
R2747 |
T12653 |
T12619 |
punct |
",",field |
R2748 |
T12654 |
T12619 |
punct |
”,field |
R2749 |
T12655 |
T12656 |
mark |
although,was |
R2750 |
T12656 |
T12619 |
advcl |
was,field |
R2751 |
T12657 |
T12656 |
nsubj |
differences,was |
R2752 |
T12658 |
T12657 |
prep |
in,differences |
R2753 |
T12659 |
T12658 |
pobj |
distance,in |
R2754 |
T12660 |
T12659 |
acl |
traveled,distance |
R2755 |
T12661 |
T12660 |
prep |
in,traveled |
R2756 |
T12662 |
T12663 |
det |
the,zone |
R2757 |
T12663 |
T12661 |
pobj |
zone,in |
R2758 |
T12664 |
T12663 |
amod |
peripheral,zone |
R2759 |
T12665 |
T12663 |
prep |
of,zone |
R2760 |
T12666 |
T12667 |
det |
the,field |
R2761 |
T12667 |
T12665 |
pobj |
field,of |
R2762 |
T12668 |
T12667 |
punct |
“,field |
R2763 |
T12669 |
T12656 |
punct |
”,was |
R2764 |
T12670 |
T12656 |
neg |
not,was |
R2765 |
T12671 |
T12672 |
advmod |
significantly,different |
R2766 |
T12672 |
T12656 |
acomp |
different,was |
R2767 |
T12673 |
T12656 |
prep |
between,was |
R2768 |
T12674 |
T12673 |
pobj |
groups,between |
R2769 |
T12675 |
T12676 |
punct |
(,S2 |
R2770 |
T12676 |
T12656 |
parataxis |
S2,was |
R2771 |
T12677 |
T12676 |
compound |
Figure,S2 |
R2772 |
T12678 |
T12676 |
punct |
),S2 |
R2773 |
T12679 |
T12619 |
punct |
.,field |
R2774 |
T12681 |
T12682 |
det |
These,data |
R2775 |
T12682 |
T12683 |
nsubj |
data,suggest |
R2776 |
T12684 |
T12685 |
mark |
that,affected |
R2777 |
T12685 |
T12683 |
ccomp |
affected,suggest |
R2778 |
T12686 |
T12687 |
det |
the,level |
R2779 |
T12687 |
T12685 |
nsubjpass |
level,affected |
R2780 |
T12688 |
T12687 |
amod |
general,level |
R2781 |
T12689 |
T12687 |
compound |
activity,level |
R2782 |
T12690 |
T12685 |
aux |
may,affected |
R2783 |
T12691 |
T12685 |
aux |
have,affected |
R2784 |
T12692 |
T12685 |
auxpass |
been,affected |
R2785 |
T12693 |
T12685 |
agent |
by,affected |
R2786 |
T12694 |
T12695 |
det |
the,reluctance |
R2787 |
T12695 |
T12693 |
pobj |
reluctance,by |
R2788 |
T12765 |
T12764 |
punct |
-,1α |
R2789 |
T12696 |
T12695 |
prep |
of,reluctance |
R2790 |
T12697 |
T12698 |
det |
the,mice |
R2791 |
T12698 |
T12696 |
pobj |
mice,of |
R2792 |
T12766 |
T12762 |
pobj |
mice,between |
R2793 |
T12699 |
T12700 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R2794 |
T12767 |
T12764 |
punct |
−,1α |
R2795 |
T12768 |
T12764 |
punct |
/,1α |
R2796 |
T12769 |
T12764 |
punct |
−,1α |
R2797 |
T12770 |
T12766 |
cc |
and,mice |
R2798 |
T12771 |
T12772 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R2799 |
T12772 |
T12774 |
nmod |
1α,controls |
R2800 |
T12700 |
T12698 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R2801 |
T12773 |
T12772 |
punct |
-,1α |
R2802 |
T12774 |
T12766 |
conj |
controls,mice |
R2803 |
T12701 |
T12700 |
punct |
-,1α |
R2804 |
T12775 |
T12772 |
punct |
+,1α |
R2805 |
T12776 |
T12772 |
punct |
/,1α |
R2806 |
T12777 |
T12772 |
punct |
+,1α |
R2807 |
T12702 |
T12700 |
punct |
−,1α |
R2808 |
T12778 |
T12760 |
prep |
on,found |
R2809 |
T12779 |
T12780 |
det |
the,tests |
R2810 |
T12703 |
T12700 |
punct |
/,1α |
R2811 |
T12780 |
T12778 |
pobj |
tests,on |
R2812 |
T12781 |
T12780 |
nmod |
ledge,tests |
R2813 |
T12782 |
T12781 |
punct |
", ",ledge |
R2814 |
T12704 |
T12700 |
punct |
−,1α |
R2815 |
T12783 |
T12781 |
conj |
platform,ledge |
R2816 |
T12784 |
T12783 |
punct |
", ",platform |
R2817 |
T12785 |
T12786 |
compound |
walking,initiation |
R2818 |
T12705 |
T12706 |
aux |
to,go |
R2819 |
T12786 |
T12783 |
conj |
initiation,platform |
R2820 |
T12787 |
T12786 |
punct |
", ",initiation |
R2821 |
T12788 |
T12786 |
cc |
and,initiation |
R2822 |
T12706 |
T12695 |
acl |
go,reluctance |
R2823 |
T12789 |
T12790 |
nummod |
60,° |
R2824 |
T12790 |
T12791 |
nmod |
°,screen |
R2825 |
T12791 |
T12786 |
conj |
screen,initiation |
R2826 |
T12707 |
T12706 |
prep |
into,go |
R2827 |
T12792 |
T12790 |
cc |
and,° |
R2828 |
T12793 |
T12794 |
nummod |
90,° |
R2829 |
T12794 |
T12790 |
conj |
°,° |
R2830 |
T12708 |
T12709 |
det |
the,area |
R2831 |
T12795 |
T12791 |
amod |
inclined,screen |
R2832 |
T12796 |
T12797 |
punct |
(,data |
R2833 |
T12709 |
T12707 |
pobj |
area,into |
R2834 |
T12797 |
T12760 |
meta |
data,found |
R2835 |
T12798 |
T12797 |
amod |
unpublished,data |
R2836 |
T12799 |
T12797 |
punct |
),data |
R2837 |
T12710 |
T12709 |
amod |
central,area |
R2838 |
T12800 |
T12760 |
punct |
", ",found |
R2839 |
T12801 |
T12760 |
advcl |
suggesting,found |
R2840 |
T12802 |
T12803 |
mark |
that,were |
R2841 |
T12711 |
T12709 |
prep |
of,area |
R2842 |
T12803 |
T12801 |
ccomp |
were,suggesting |
R2843 |
T12804 |
T12805 |
amod |
several,functions |
R2844 |
T12805 |
T12803 |
nsubj |
functions,were |
R2845 |
T12712 |
T12713 |
det |
the,field |
R2846 |
T12806 |
T12805 |
compound |
sensorimotor,functions |
R2847 |
T12807 |
T12803 |
acomp |
intact,were |
R2848 |
T12808 |
T12803 |
prep |
in,were |
R2849 |
T12809 |
T12810 |
det |
the,mice |
R2850 |
T12810 |
T12808 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R2851 |
T12811 |
T12812 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R2852 |
T12713 |
T12711 |
pobj |
field,of |
R2853 |
T12812 |
T12810 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R2854 |
T12813 |
T12812 |
punct |
-,1α |
R2855 |
T12814 |
T12812 |
punct |
−,1α |
R2856 |
T12815 |
T12812 |
punct |
/,1α |
R2857 |
T12714 |
T12706 |
cc |
and,go |
R2858 |
T12816 |
T12812 |
punct |
−,1α |
R2859 |
T12817 |
T12760 |
punct |
.,found |
R2860 |
T12715 |
T12716 |
advmod |
thus,remain |
R2861 |
T12819 |
T12820 |
advmod |
However,were |
R2862 |
T12716 |
T12706 |
conj |
remain,go |
R2863 |
T12821 |
T12820 |
punct |
", ",were |
R2864 |
T12822 |
T12823 |
det |
the,mice |
R2865 |
T12823 |
T12820 |
nsubj |
mice,were |
R2866 |
T12717 |
T12716 |
prep |
in,remain |
R2867 |
T12824 |
T12825 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R2868 |
T12825 |
T12823 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R2869 |
T12826 |
T12825 |
punct |
-,1α |
R2870 |
T12718 |
T12719 |
det |
the,periphery |
R2871 |
T12827 |
T12825 |
punct |
−,1α |
R2872 |
T12828 |
T12825 |
punct |
/,1α |
R2873 |
T12829 |
T12825 |
punct |
−,1α |
R2874 |
T12719 |
T12717 |
pobj |
periphery,in |
R2875 |
T12830 |
T12820 |
acomp |
unable,were |
R2876 |
T12831 |
T12832 |
aux |
to,remain |
R2877 |
T12720 |
T12695 |
punct |
(,reluctance |
R2878 |
T12832 |
T12830 |
xcomp |
remain,unable |
R2879 |
T12833 |
T12832 |
prep |
on,remain |
R2880 |
T12834 |
T12835 |
det |
an,screen |
R2881 |
T12721 |
T12695 |
appos |
thigmotaxis,reluctance |
R2882 |
T12835 |
T12833 |
pobj |
screen,on |
R2883 |
T12836 |
T12835 |
amod |
inverted,screen |
R2884 |
T12722 |
T12695 |
punct |
),reluctance |
R2885 |
T12837 |
T12832 |
prep |
for,remain |
R2886 |
T12838 |
T12839 |
advmod |
as,long |
R2887 |
T12839 |
T12837 |
pcomp |
long,for |
R2888 |
T12723 |
T12695 |
punct |
", ",reluctance |
R2891 |
T12724 |
T12725 |
advmod |
possibly,reflecting |
R2892 |
T12725 |
T12695 |
acl |
reflecting,reluctance |
R2893 |
T12842 |
T12840 |
pobj |
controls,as |
R2894 |
T12726 |
T12727 |
amod |
altered,emotionality |
R2895 |
T12843 |
T12844 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R2896 |
T12844 |
T12842 |
nmod |
1α,controls |
R2897 |
T12727 |
T12725 |
dobj |
emotionality,reflecting |
R2898 |
T12845 |
T12844 |
punct |
-,1α |
R2899 |
T12846 |
T12844 |
punct |
+,1α |
R2900 |
T12847 |
T12844 |
punct |
/,1α |
R2901 |
T12848 |
T12844 |
punct |
+,1α |
R2902 |
T12728 |
T12729 |
amod |
such,as |
R2903 |
T12849 |
T12850 |
punct |
(,4A |
R2904 |
T12850 |
T12820 |
parataxis |
4A,were |
R2905 |
T12851 |
T12850 |
compound |
Figure,4A |
R2906 |
T12729 |
T12727 |
prep |
as,emotionality |
R2907 |
T12852 |
T12850 |
punct |
),4A |
R2908 |
T12853 |
T12820 |
punct |
.,were |
R2909 |
T12730 |
T12731 |
amod |
increased,fear |
R2910 |
T12855 |
T12856 |
mark |
Since,differ |
R2911 |
T12731 |
T12729 |
pobj |
fear,as |
R2912 |
T12856 |
T12861 |
advcl |
differ,suggest |
R2913 |
T12857 |
T12858 |
det |
the,groups |
R2914 |
T12732 |
T12683 |
punct |
.,suggest |
R2915 |
T12858 |
T12856 |
nsubj |
groups,differ |
R2916 |
T12859 |
T12856 |
aux |
did,differ |
R2917 |
T12860 |
T12856 |
neg |
not,differ |
R2918 |
T12734 |
T12735 |
det |
A,battery |
R2919 |
T12862 |
T12856 |
prep |
on,differ |
R2920 |
T12863 |
T12864 |
det |
the,times |
R2921 |
T12864 |
T12862 |
pobj |
times,on |
R2922 |
T12735 |
T12736 |
nsubjpass |
battery,performed |
R2923 |
T12865 |
T12866 |
nsubj |
it,took |
R2924 |
T12866 |
T12864 |
advcl |
took,times |
R2925 |
T12867 |
T12868 |
aux |
to,turn |
R2926 |
T12737 |
T12735 |
prep |
of,battery |
R2927 |
T12868 |
T12866 |
xcomp |
turn,took |
R2928 |
T12869 |
T12868 |
advmod |
around,turn |
R2929 |
T12738 |
T12737 |
pobj |
tests,of |
R2930 |
T12739 |
T12736 |
auxpass |
was,performed |
R2931 |
T12740 |
T12741 |
aux |
to,evaluate |
R2932 |
T12870 |
T12868 |
cc |
and,turn |
R2933 |
T12741 |
T12736 |
advcl |
evaluate,performed |
R2934 |
T12871 |
T12868 |
conj |
climb,turn |
R2935 |
T12872 |
T12871 |
prep |
to,climb |
R2936 |
T12742 |
T12741 |
advmod |
further,evaluate |
R2937 |
T12873 |
T12874 |
det |
the,top |
R2938 |
T12874 |
T12872 |
pobj |
top,to |
R2939 |
T12875 |
T12874 |
prep |
of,top |
R2940 |
T12743 |
T12744 |
det |
the,phenotype |
R2941 |
T12876 |
T12877 |
nummod |
60,° |
R2942 |
T12877 |
T12878 |
nmod |
°,screens |
R2943 |
T12744 |
T12741 |
dobj |
phenotype,evaluate |
R2944 |
T12878 |
T12875 |
pobj |
screens,of |
R2945 |
T12879 |
T12877 |
cc |
and,° |
R2946 |
T12880 |
T12881 |
nummod |
90,° |
R2947 |
T12745 |
T12744 |
amod |
general,phenotype |
R2948 |
T12881 |
T12877 |
conj |
°,° |
R2949 |
T12882 |
T12878 |
amod |
inclined,screens |
R2950 |
T12883 |
T12861 |
punct |
", ",suggest |
R2951 |
T12746 |
T12744 |
compound |
sensorimotor,phenotype |
R2952 |
T12884 |
T12885 |
det |
the,differences |
R2953 |
T12885 |
T12861 |
nsubj |
differences,suggest |
R2954 |
T12886 |
T12885 |
prep |
on,differences |
R2955 |
T12887 |
T12888 |
det |
the,test |
R2956 |
T12888 |
T12886 |
pobj |
test,on |
R2957 |
T12889 |
T12888 |
amod |
inverted,test |
R2958 |
T12747 |
T12744 |
prep |
of,phenotype |
R2959 |
T12890 |
T12888 |
compound |
screen,test |
R2960 |
T12891 |
T12892 |
mark |
that,were |
R2961 |
T12748 |
T12749 |
det |
the,mice |
R2962 |
T12892 |
T12861 |
ccomp |
were,suggest |
R2963 |
T12893 |
T12894 |
amod |
impaired,strength |
R2964 |
T12894 |
T12892 |
nsubj |
strength,were |
R2965 |
T12749 |
T12747 |
pobj |
mice,of |
R2966 |
T12895 |
T12896 |
advmod |
rather,than |
R2967 |
T12896 |
T12894 |
cc |
than,strength |
R2968 |
T12897 |
T12894 |
conj |
deficits,strength |
R2969 |
T12750 |
T12751 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R2970 |
T12898 |
T12897 |
prep |
in,deficits |
R2971 |
T12899 |
T12898 |
pobj |
coordination,in |
R2972 |
T12900 |
T12892 |
acomp |
responsible,were |
R2973 |
T12751 |
T12749 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R2974 |
T12901 |
T12900 |
prep |
for,responsible |
R2975 |
T12902 |
T12903 |
det |
these,differences |
R2976 |
T12903 |
T12901 |
pobj |
differences,for |
R2977 |
T12752 |
T12751 |
punct |
-,1α |
R2978 |
T12904 |
T12861 |
punct |
.,suggest |
R2979 |
T12906 |
T12907 |
aux |
To,evaluate |
R2980 |
T12753 |
T12751 |
punct |
−,1α |
R2981 |
T12907 |
T12909 |
advcl |
evaluate,assessed |
R2982 |
T12908 |
T12907 |
advmod |
further,evaluate |
R2983 |
T12754 |
T12751 |
punct |
/,1α |
R2984 |
T12910 |
T12911 |
det |
the,phenotype |
R2985 |
T12911 |
T12907 |
dobj |
phenotype,evaluate |
R2986 |
T12755 |
T12751 |
punct |
−,1α |
R2987 |
T12912 |
T12913 |
amod |
skeletal,muscle |
R2988 |
T12913 |
T12911 |
compound |
muscle,phenotype |
R2989 |
T12914 |
T12909 |
punct |
", ",assessed |
R2990 |
T12756 |
T12736 |
punct |
.,performed |
R2991 |
T12915 |
T12916 |
compound |
exercise,capacity |
R2992 |
T12916 |
T12909 |
nsubjpass |
capacity,assessed |
R2993 |
T12917 |
T12909 |
auxpass |
was,assessed |
R2994 |
T12758 |
T12759 |
det |
No,differences |
R2995 |
T12918 |
T12909 |
prep |
in,assessed |
R2996 |
T12919 |
T12920 |
det |
the,mice |
R2997 |
T12920 |
T12918 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R2998 |
T12759 |
T12760 |
nsubjpass |
differences,found |
R2999 |
T12921 |
T12922 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R3000 |
T12922 |
T12920 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R3001 |
T12923 |
T12922 |
punct |
-,1α |
R3002 |
T12761 |
T12760 |
auxpass |
were,found |
R3003 |
T12924 |
T12922 |
punct |
−,1α |
R3004 |
T12925 |
T12922 |
punct |
/,1α |
R3005 |
T12926 |
T12922 |
punct |
−,1α |
R3006 |
T12927 |
T12909 |
punct |
.,assessed |
R3007 |
T12929 |
T12930 |
prep |
To,exercised |
R3008 |
T12762 |
T12760 |
prep |
between,found |
R3009 |
T12931 |
T12932 |
det |
this,end |
R3010 |
T12932 |
T12929 |
pobj |
end,To |
R3011 |
T12933 |
T12930 |
punct |
", ",exercised |
R3012 |
T12763 |
T12764 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R3013 |
T12934 |
T12935 |
det |
the,mice |
R3014 |
T12764 |
T12766 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R3015 |
T12976 |
T12977 |
advmod |
markedly,reduced |
R3016 |
T12935 |
T12930 |
nsubjpass |
mice,exercised |
R3017 |
T12936 |
T12937 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R3018 |
T12937 |
T12935 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R3019 |
T12938 |
T12937 |
punct |
-,1α |
R3020 |
T12939 |
T12937 |
punct |
−,1α |
R3021 |
T12940 |
T12937 |
punct |
/,1α |
R3022 |
T12977 |
T12975 |
amod |
reduced,capacity |
R3023 |
T12978 |
T12979 |
aux |
to,sustain |
R3024 |
T12979 |
T12975 |
acl |
sustain,capacity |
R3025 |
T12941 |
T12937 |
punct |
−,1α |
R3026 |
T12942 |
T12930 |
auxpass |
were,exercised |
R3027 |
T12980 |
T12981 |
compound |
running,exercise |
R3028 |
T12943 |
T12930 |
prep |
on,exercised |
R3029 |
T12944 |
T12945 |
det |
a,apparatus |
R3030 |
T12981 |
T12979 |
dobj |
exercise,sustain |
R3031 |
T12945 |
T12943 |
pobj |
apparatus,on |
R3032 |
T12946 |
T12945 |
amod |
motorized,apparatus |
R3033 |
T12947 |
T12945 |
compound |
treadmill,apparatus |
R3034 |
T12982 |
T12983 |
punct |
(,4B |
R3035 |
T12948 |
T12930 |
advcl |
using,exercised |
R3036 |
T12949 |
T12950 |
det |
a,format |
R3037 |
T12950 |
T12948 |
dobj |
format,using |
R3038 |
T12983 |
T12965 |
parataxis |
4B,exhibited |
R3039 |
T12951 |
T12950 |
nmod |
run,format |
R3040 |
T12952 |
T12951 |
punct |
-,run |
R3041 |
T12953 |
T12951 |
prep |
to,run |
R3042 |
T12984 |
T12985 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R3043 |
T12954 |
T12953 |
punct |
-,to |
R3044 |
T12955 |
T12953 |
pobj |
exhaustion,to |
R3045 |
T12956 |
T12930 |
punct |
.,exercised |
R3046 |
T12985 |
T12987 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R3047 |
T12958 |
T12959 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R3048 |
T12986 |
T12985 |
punct |
-,1α |
R3049 |
T12959 |
T12961 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R3050 |
T12960 |
T12959 |
punct |
-,1α |
R3051 |
T12987 |
T12991 |
dep |
mice,s |
R3052 |
T12961 |
T12965 |
nsubj |
mice,exhibited |
R3053 |
T12962 |
T12959 |
punct |
−,1α |
R3054 |
T12963 |
T12959 |
punct |
/,1α |
R3055 |
T12964 |
T12959 |
punct |
−,1α |
R3056 |
T12966 |
T12961 |
punct |
(,mice |
R3057 |
T12967 |
T12968 |
quantmod |
6,8 |
R3058 |
T12988 |
T12985 |
punct |
−,1α |
R3059 |
T12968 |
T12970 |
nummod |
8,mo |
R3060 |
T12969 |
T12968 |
punct |
–,8 |
R3061 |
T12970 |
T12961 |
npadvmod |
mo,mice |
R3062 |
T12989 |
T12985 |
punct |
/,1α |
R3063 |
T12971 |
T12970 |
prep |
of,mo |
R3064 |
T12972 |
T12971 |
pobj |
age,of |
R3065 |
T12973 |
T12961 |
punct |
),mice |
R3066 |
T12990 |
T12985 |
punct |
−,1α |
R3067 |
T12974 |
T12975 |
det |
a,capacity |
R3068 |
T12975 |
T12965 |
dobj |
capacity,exhibited |
R3069 |
T12991 |
T12983 |
dep |
s,4B |
R3070 |
T12992 |
T12991 |
punct |
", ",s |
R3071 |
T12993 |
T12994 |
quantmod |
64,6 |
R3072 |
T12994 |
T12991 |
nummod |
6,s |
R3073 |
T13081 |
T13047 |
punct |
.,measured |
R3074 |
T12995 |
T12994 |
punct |
±,6 |
R3075 |
T13083 |
T13084 |
nsubj |
VO2max,was |
R3076 |
T12996 |
T12983 |
punct |
;,4B |
R3077 |
T13085 |
T13086 |
advmod |
significantly,lower |
R3078 |
T13086 |
T13084 |
acomp |
lower,was |
R3079 |
T12997 |
T12998 |
npadvmod |
age,matched |
R3080 |
T13087 |
T13084 |
prep |
for,was |
R3081 |
T13088 |
T13089 |
det |
the,mice |
R3082 |
T13089 |
T13087 |
pobj |
mice,for |
R3083 |
T12998 |
T13000 |
amod |
matched,mice |
R3084 |
T13090 |
T13091 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R3085 |
T13091 |
T13089 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R3086 |
T13092 |
T13091 |
punct |
-,1α |
R3087 |
T12999 |
T12998 |
punct |
-,matched |
R3088 |
T13093 |
T13091 |
punct |
−,1α |
R3089 |
T13000 |
T13007 |
dep |
mice,s |
R3090 |
T13001 |
T13002 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R3091 |
T13002 |
T13000 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R3092 |
T13094 |
T13091 |
punct |
/,1α |
R3093 |
T13003 |
T13002 |
punct |
-,1α |
R3094 |
T13095 |
T13091 |
punct |
−,1α |
R3095 |
T13096 |
T13097 |
punct |
(,O2 |
R3096 |
T13004 |
T13002 |
punct |
+,1α |
R3097 |
T13097 |
T13089 |
parataxis |
O2,mice |
R3098 |
T13098 |
T13099 |
quantmod |
120.9,2.0 |
R3099 |
T13005 |
T13002 |
punct |
/,1α |
R3100 |
T13099 |
T13101 |
nummod |
2.0,ml |
R3101 |
T13100 |
T13099 |
punct |
±,2.0 |
R3102 |
T13101 |
T13097 |
compound |
ml,O2 |
R3103 |
T13102 |
T13097 |
punct |
·,O2 |
R3104 |
T13006 |
T13002 |
punct |
+,1α |
R3105 |
T13103 |
T13097 |
appos |
kg,O2 |
R3106 |
T13104 |
T13105 |
punct |
−,1 |
R3107 |
T13007 |
T12983 |
dep |
s,4B |
R3108 |
T13105 |
T13103 |
nummod |
1,kg |
R3109 |
T13106 |
T13097 |
punct |
·,O2 |
R3110 |
T13008 |
T13007 |
punct |
", ",s |
R3111 |
T13107 |
T13097 |
appos |
min,O2 |
R3112 |
T13108 |
T13109 |
punct |
−,1 |
R3113 |
T13009 |
T13010 |
quantmod |
586,104 |
R3114 |
T13109 |
T13107 |
nummod |
1,min |
R3115 |
T13110 |
T13084 |
punct |
),was |
R3116 |
T13111 |
T13084 |
prep |
compared,was |
R3117 |
T13010 |
T13007 |
nummod |
104,s |
R3118 |
T13112 |
T13111 |
prep |
to,compared |
R3119 |
T13113 |
T13114 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R3120 |
T13011 |
T13010 |
punct |
±,104 |
R3121 |
T13114 |
T13116 |
nmod |
1α,controls |
R3122 |
T13115 |
T13114 |
punct |
-,1α |
R3123 |
T13012 |
T12983 |
punct |
;,4B |
R3124 |
T13116 |
T13112 |
pobj |
controls,to |
R3125 |
T13117 |
T13114 |
punct |
+,1α |
R3126 |
T13118 |
T13114 |
punct |
/,1α |
R3127 |
T13013 |
T12983 |
compound |
Figure,4B |
R3128 |
T13119 |
T13114 |
punct |
+,1α |
R3129 |
T13120 |
T13121 |
punct |
(,O2 |
R3130 |
T13121 |
T13116 |
parataxis |
O2,controls |
R3131 |
T13014 |
T12983 |
punct |
),4B |
R3132 |
T13122 |
T13123 |
quantmod |
141.6,2.1 |
R3133 |
T13123 |
T13125 |
nummod |
2.1,ml |
R3134 |
T13124 |
T13123 |
punct |
±,2.1 |
R3135 |
T13015 |
T12965 |
punct |
.,exhibited |
R3136 |
T13125 |
T13121 |
compound |
ml,O2 |
R3137 |
T13126 |
T13121 |
punct |
·,O2 |
R3138 |
T13127 |
T13121 |
appos |
kg,O2 |
R3139 |
T13017 |
T13018 |
det |
The,result |
R3140 |
T13128 |
T13129 |
punct |
−,1 |
R3141 |
T13129 |
T13127 |
nummod |
1,kg |
R3142 |
T13130 |
T13121 |
punct |
·,O2 |
R3143 |
T13131 |
T13121 |
appos |
min,O2 |
R3144 |
T13018 |
T13020 |
nsubjpass |
result,obtained |
R3145 |
T13132 |
T13133 |
punct |
−,1 |
R3146 |
T13133 |
T13131 |
nummod |
1,min |
R3147 |
T13134 |
T13121 |
punct |
),O2 |
R3148 |
T13019 |
T13018 |
amod |
same,result |
R3149 |
T13135 |
T13136 |
punct |
(,4B |
R3150 |
T13136 |
T13084 |
parataxis |
4B,was |
R3151 |
T13137 |
T13136 |
compound |
Figure,4B |
R3152 |
T13021 |
T13020 |
auxpass |
was,obtained |
R3153 |
T13138 |
T13136 |
punct |
),4B |
R3154 |
T13139 |
T13084 |
punct |
.,was |
R3155 |
T13141 |
T13142 |
aux |
To,evaluate |
R3156 |
T13022 |
T13020 |
prep |
with,obtained |
R3157 |
T13142 |
T13144 |
advcl |
evaluate,determined |
R3158 |
T13143 |
T13142 |
advmod |
directly,evaluate |
R3159 |
T13145 |
T13146 |
compound |
muscle,fatigability |
R3160 |
T13146 |
T13142 |
dobj |
fatigability,evaluate |
R3161 |
T13147 |
T13144 |
punct |
", ",determined |
R3162 |
T13023 |
T13024 |
amod |
younger,mice |
R3163 |
T13148 |
T13149 |
det |
the,response |
R3164 |
T13149 |
T13144 |
nsubjpass |
response,determined |
R3165 |
T13024 |
T13022 |
pobj |
mice,with |
R3166 |
T13150 |
T13149 |
compound |
force,response |
R3167 |
T13151 |
T13149 |
prep |
to,response |
R3168 |
T13152 |
T13153 |
amod |
repetitive,stimulation |
R3169 |
T13025 |
T13026 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R3170 |
T13153 |
T13151 |
pobj |
stimulation,to |
R3171 |
T13154 |
T13153 |
prep |
of,stimulation |
R3172 |
T13155 |
T13156 |
amod |
isolated,muscle |
R3173 |
T13026 |
T13024 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R3174 |
T13156 |
T13154 |
pobj |
muscle,of |
R3175 |
T13157 |
T13156 |
compound |
soleus,muscle |
R3176 |
T13158 |
T13144 |
auxpass |
was,determined |
R3177 |
T13027 |
T13026 |
punct |
-,1α |
R3178 |
T13159 |
T13144 |
punct |
.,determined |
R3179 |
T13161 |
T13162 |
det |
The,capacity |
R3180 |
T13028 |
T13026 |
punct |
−,1α |
R3181 |
T13162 |
T13163 |
nsubj |
capacity,is |
R3182 |
T13164 |
T13165 |
aux |
to,generate |
R3183 |
T13029 |
T13026 |
punct |
/,1α |
R3184 |
T13165 |
T13162 |
acl |
generate,capacity |
R3185 |
T13166 |
T13165 |
dobj |
force,generate |
R3186 |
T13167 |
T13165 |
prep |
following,generate |
R3187 |
T13030 |
T13026 |
punct |
−,1α |
R3188 |
T13168 |
T13169 |
det |
a,series |
R3189 |
T13169 |
T13167 |
pobj |
series,following |
R3190 |
T13170 |
T13169 |
prep |
of,series |
R3191 |
T13031 |
T13024 |
punct |
", ",mice |
R3192 |
T13171 |
T13170 |
pobj |
tetani,of |
R3193 |
T13172 |
T13163 |
acomp |
dependent,is |
R3194 |
T13173 |
T13172 |
prep |
upon,dependent |
R3195 |
T13032 |
T13033 |
advmod |
i.e.,at |
R3196 |
T13174 |
T13175 |
amod |
mitochondrial,production |
R3197 |
T13175 |
T13173 |
pobj |
production,upon |
R3198 |
T13176 |
T13175 |
compound |
ATP,production |
R3199 |
T13033 |
T13024 |
prep |
at,mice |
R3200 |
T13177 |
T13163 |
punct |
.,is |
R3201 |
T13034 |
T13033 |
punct |
", ",at |
R3202 |
T13179 |
T13180 |
prep |
During,was |
R3203 |
T13181 |
T13182 |
det |
the,phase |
R3204 |
T13035 |
T13036 |
nummod |
3.5,mo |
R3205 |
T13182 |
T13179 |
pobj |
phase,During |
R3206 |
T13183 |
T13182 |
amod |
initial,phase |
R3207 |
T13184 |
T13182 |
prep |
of,phase |
R3208 |
T13036 |
T13033 |
pobj |
mo,at |
R3209 |
T13185 |
T13186 |
det |
the,period |
R3210 |
T13186 |
T13184 |
pobj |
period,of |
R3211 |
T13037 |
T13036 |
prep |
of,mo |
R3212 |
T13038 |
T13037 |
pobj |
age,of |
R3213 |
T13187 |
T13186 |
compound |
stimulation,period |
R3214 |
T13188 |
T13180 |
punct |
", ",was |
R3215 |
T13039 |
T13040 |
punct |
(,data |
R3216 |
T13189 |
T13180 |
expl |
there,was |
R3217 |
T13190 |
T13191 |
det |
no,difference |
R3218 |
T13191 |
T13180 |
attr |
difference,was |
R3219 |
T13040 |
T13020 |
meta |
data,obtained |
R3220 |
T13041 |
T13040 |
amod |
unpublished,data |
R3222 |
T13042 |
T13040 |
punct |
),data |
R3223 |
T13193 |
T13194 |
compound |
force,generation |
R3224 |
T13194 |
T13192 |
pobj |
generation,in |
R3225 |
T13195 |
T13180 |
prep |
in,was |
R3226 |
T13043 |
T13020 |
punct |
.,obtained |
R3227 |
T13196 |
T13195 |
pobj |
muscles,in |
R3228 |
T13197 |
T13196 |
acl |
isolated,muscles |
R3229 |
T13045 |
T13046 |
aux |
To,quantify |
R3230 |
T13198 |
T13197 |
prep |
from,isolated |
R3231 |
T13199 |
T13200 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R3232 |
T13200 |
T13202 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R3233 |
T13046 |
T13047 |
advcl |
quantify,measured |
R3234 |
T13201 |
T13200 |
punct |
-,1α |
R3235 |
T13202 |
T13198 |
pobj |
mice,from |
R3236 |
T13203 |
T13200 |
punct |
−,1α |
R3237 |
T13048 |
T13049 |
amod |
aerobic,capacity |
R3238 |
T13204 |
T13200 |
punct |
/,1α |
R3239 |
T13205 |
T13200 |
punct |
−,1α |
R3240 |
T13206 |
T13202 |
cc |
and,mice |
R3241 |
T13049 |
T13046 |
dobj |
capacity,quantify |
R3242 |
T13207 |
T13208 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R3243 |
T13208 |
T13210 |
nmod |
1α,controls |
R3244 |
T13209 |
T13208 |
punct |
-,1α |
R3245 |
T13050 |
T13049 |
compound |
exercise,capacity |
R3246 |
T13210 |
T13202 |
conj |
controls,mice |
R3247 |
T13211 |
T13208 |
punct |
+,1α |
R3248 |
T13212 |
T13208 |
punct |
/,1α |
R3249 |
T13051 |
T13047 |
punct |
", ",measured |
R3250 |
T13213 |
T13208 |
punct |
+,1α |
R3251 |
T13214 |
T13180 |
punct |
.,was |
R3252 |
T13052 |
T13047 |
nsubjpass |
VO2max,measured |
R3253 |
T13216 |
T13217 |
advmod |
However,was |
R3254 |
T13053 |
T13052 |
punct |
(,VO2max |
R3255 |
T13218 |
T13217 |
punct |
", ",was |
R3256 |
T13219 |
T13220 |
compound |
fatigue,resistance |
R3257 |
T13220 |
T13221 |
compound |
resistance,index |
R3258 |
T13054 |
T13055 |
compound |
maximum,consumption |
R3259 |
T13221 |
T13217 |
nsubj |
index,was |
R3260 |
T13222 |
T13221 |
punct |
", ",index |
R3261 |
T13055 |
T13052 |
appos |
consumption,VO2max |
R3262 |
T13223 |
T13221 |
acl |
defined,index |
R3263 |
T13224 |
T13223 |
prep |
as,defined |
R3264 |
T13225 |
T13226 |
det |
the,percent |
R3265 |
T13226 |
T13224 |
pobj |
percent,as |
R3266 |
T13227 |
T13226 |
prep |
of,percent |
R3267 |
T13228 |
T13229 |
amod |
initial,force |
R3268 |
T13229 |
T13227 |
pobj |
force,of |
R3269 |
T13056 |
T13055 |
compound |
oxygen,consumption |
R3270 |
T13230 |
T13226 |
acl |
generated,percent |
R3271 |
T13231 |
T13230 |
prep |
following,generated |
R3272 |
T13232 |
T13233 |
det |
a,series |
R3273 |
T13057 |
T13055 |
punct |
", ",consumption |
R3274 |
T13233 |
T13231 |
pobj |
series,following |
R3275 |
T13234 |
T13235 |
nummod |
2,min |
R3276 |
T13058 |
T13055 |
acl |
measured,consumption |
R3277 |
T13235 |
T13233 |
compound |
min,series |
R3278 |
T13236 |
T13235 |
punct |
-,min |
R3279 |
T13237 |
T13233 |
prep |
of,series |
R3280 |
T13059 |
T13058 |
prep |
in,measured |
R3281 |
T13238 |
T13239 |
amod |
fatiguing,contractions |
R3282 |
T13239 |
T13237 |
pobj |
contractions,of |
R3283 |
T13240 |
T13217 |
punct |
", ",was |
R3284 |
T13060 |
T13059 |
pobj |
milliliters,in |
R3285 |
T13241 |
T13242 |
advmod |
significantly,lower |
R3286 |
T13242 |
T13217 |
acomp |
lower,was |
R3287 |
T13243 |
T13217 |
prep |
in,was |
R3288 |
T13061 |
T13060 |
prep |
of,milliliters |
R3289 |
T13244 |
T13245 |
det |
the,mice |
R3290 |
T13245 |
T13243 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R3291 |
T13246 |
T13247 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R3292 |
T13062 |
T13061 |
pobj |
oxygen,of |
R3293 |
T13247 |
T13245 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R3294 |
T13248 |
T13247 |
punct |
-,1α |
R3295 |
T13249 |
T13247 |
punct |
−,1α |
R3296 |
T13063 |
T13060 |
prep |
per,milliliters |
R3297 |
T13250 |
T13247 |
punct |
/,1α |
R3298 |
T13251 |
T13247 |
punct |
−,1α |
R3299 |
T13252 |
T13253 |
punct |
(,% |
R3300 |
T13064 |
T13063 |
pobj |
kilogram,per |
R3301 |
T13253 |
T13245 |
parataxis |
%,mice |
R3302 |
T13254 |
T13255 |
quantmod |
14.6,1.5 |
R3303 |
T13255 |
T13253 |
nummod |
1.5,% |
R3304 |
T13065 |
T13064 |
prep |
of,kilogram |
R3305 |
T13256 |
T13255 |
punct |
±,1.5 |
R3306 |
T13257 |
T13217 |
punct |
),was |
R3307 |
T13258 |
T13217 |
prep |
compared,was |
R3308 |
T13066 |
T13067 |
compound |
body,weight |
R3309 |
T13259 |
T13258 |
prep |
to,compared |
R3310 |
T13260 |
T13261 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R3311 |
T13261 |
T13263 |
nmod |
1α,controls |
R3312 |
T13067 |
T13065 |
pobj |
weight,of |
R3313 |
T13262 |
T13261 |
punct |
-,1α |
R3314 |
T13263 |
T13259 |
pobj |
controls,to |
R3315 |
T13264 |
T13261 |
punct |
+,1α |
R3316 |
T13265 |
T13261 |
punct |
/,1α |
R3317 |
T13266 |
T13261 |
punct |
+,1α |
R3318 |
T13267 |
T13268 |
punct |
(,% |
R3319 |
T13068 |
T13060 |
prep |
per,milliliters |
R3320 |
T13268 |
T13263 |
parataxis |
%,controls |
R3321 |
T13269 |
T13270 |
quantmod |
24.8,2.9 |
R3322 |
T13270 |
T13268 |
nummod |
2.9,% |
R3323 |
T13069 |
T13068 |
pobj |
minute,per |
R3324 |
T13271 |
T13270 |
punct |
±,2.9 |
R3325 |
T13272 |
T13268 |
punct |
),% |
R3326 |
T13273 |
T13274 |
punct |
(,4C |
R3327 |
T13070 |
T13047 |
punct |
),measured |
R3328 |
T13071 |
T13047 |
auxpass |
was,measured |
R3329 |
T13072 |
T13047 |
prep |
with,measured |
R3330 |
T13274 |
T13217 |
parataxis |
4C,was |
R3331 |
T13275 |
T13274 |
compound |
Figure,4C |
R3332 |
T13276 |
T13274 |
punct |
),4C |
R3333 |
T13277 |
T13217 |
punct |
.,was |
R3334 |
T13073 |
T13074 |
det |
the,protocol |
R3335 |
T13074 |
T13072 |
pobj |
protocol,with |
R3336 |
T13279 |
T13280 |
det |
These,results |
R3337 |
T13075 |
T13074 |
nmod |
treadmill,protocol |
R3338 |
T13280 |
T13281 |
nsubj |
results,indicate |
R3339 |
T13076 |
T13075 |
punct |
-,treadmill |
R3340 |
T13282 |
T13280 |
punct |
", ",results |
R3341 |
T13077 |
T13075 |
amod |
running,treadmill |
R3342 |
T13283 |
T13280 |
advmod |
together,results |
R3343 |
T13284 |
T13283 |
prep |
with,together |
R3344 |
T13078 |
T13047 |
advcl |
using,measured |
R3345 |
T13285 |
T13286 |
det |
the,abnormalities |
R3346 |
T13286 |
T13284 |
pobj |
abnormalities,with |
R3347 |
T13079 |
T13080 |
amod |
indirect,calorimetry |
R3348 |
T13287 |
T13286 |
amod |
observed,abnormalities |
R3349 |
T13288 |
T13286 |
prep |
in,abnormalities |
R3350 |
T13080 |
T13078 |
dobj |
calorimetry,using |
R3351 |
T13289 |
T13290 |
amod |
skeletal,structure |
R3352 |
T13290 |
T13288 |
pobj |
structure,in |
R3353 |
T13291 |
T13290 |
nmod |
muscle,structure |
R3354 |
T13292 |
T13290 |
amod |
mitochondrial,structure |
R3355 |
T13293 |
T13290 |
cc |
and,structure |
R3356 |
T13294 |
T13290 |
conj |
function,structure |
R3357 |
T13295 |
T13281 |
punct |
", ",indicate |
R3358 |
T13296 |
T13297 |
mark |
that,is |
R3359 |
T13297 |
T13281 |
ccomp |
is,indicate |
R3360 |
T13298 |
T13299 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R3361 |
T13299 |
T13297 |
nsubj |
1α,is |
R3362 |
T13300 |
T13299 |
punct |
-,1α |
R3363 |
T13301 |
T13297 |
acomp |
necessary,is |
R3364 |
T13302 |
T13301 |
prep |
for,necessary |
R3365 |
T13303 |
T13304 |
amod |
functional,adaptation |
R3366 |
T13304 |
T13302 |
pobj |
adaptation,for |
R3367 |
T13305 |
T13304 |
prep |
of,adaptation |
R3368 |
T13306 |
T13307 |
amod |
skeletal,muscle |
R3369 |
T13307 |
T13305 |
pobj |
muscle,of |
R3370 |
T13308 |
T13304 |
prep |
to,adaptation |
R3371 |
T13309 |
T13310 |
amod |
physiologic,demands |
R3372 |
T13310 |
T13308 |
pobj |
demands,to |
R3373 |
T13311 |
T13281 |
punct |
.,indicate |
R3375 |
T15167 |
T15168 |
amod |
Functional,Abnormalities |
R3376 |
T15169 |
T15168 |
prep |
in,Abnormalities |
R3377 |
T15170 |
T15169 |
pobj |
Hearts,in |
R3378 |
T15171 |
T15170 |
prep |
of,Hearts |
R3379 |
T15172 |
T15173 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R3380 |
T15173 |
T15175 |
nmod |
1α,Mice |
R3381 |
T15174 |
T15173 |
punct |
-,1α |
R3382 |
T15175 |
T15171 |
pobj |
Mice,of |
R3383 |
T15176 |
T15173 |
punct |
−,1α |
R3384 |
T15177 |
T15173 |
punct |
/,1α |
R3385 |
T15178 |
T15173 |
punct |
−,1α |
R3386 |
T15180 |
T15181 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R3387 |
T15181 |
T15183 |
compound |
1α,expression |
R3388 |
T15182 |
T15181 |
punct |
-,1α |
R3389 |
T15183 |
T15184 |
nsubjpass |
expression,enriched |
R3390 |
T15185 |
T15184 |
auxpass |
is,enriched |
R3391 |
T15186 |
T15184 |
prep |
in,enriched |
R3392 |
T15187 |
T15186 |
pobj |
heart,in |
R3393 |
T15188 |
T15187 |
punct |
", ",heart |
R3394 |
T15189 |
T15190 |
det |
a,tissue |
R3395 |
T15190 |
T15187 |
appos |
tissue,heart |
R3396 |
T15191 |
T15192 |
dep |
that,relies |
R3397 |
T15192 |
T15190 |
relcl |
relies,tissue |
R3398 |
T15193 |
T15192 |
advmod |
heavily,relies |
R3399 |
T15194 |
T15192 |
prep |
on,relies |
R3400 |
T15195 |
T15196 |
amod |
mitochondrial,metabolism |
R3401 |
T15196 |
T15194 |
pobj |
metabolism,on |
R3402 |
T15197 |
T15196 |
compound |
energy,metabolism |
R3403 |
T15198 |
T15199 |
aux |
to,maintain |
R3404 |
T15199 |
T15192 |
advcl |
maintain,relies |
R3405 |
T15200 |
T15201 |
compound |
pump,function |
R3406 |
T15201 |
T15199 |
dobj |
function,maintain |
R3407 |
T15202 |
T15199 |
prep |
throughout,maintain |
R3408 |
T15203 |
T15204 |
det |
the,life |
R3409 |
T15204 |
T15202 |
pobj |
life,throughout |
R3410 |
T15205 |
T15204 |
amod |
postnatal,life |
R3411 |
T15206 |
T15204 |
prep |
of,life |
R3412 |
T15207 |
T15208 |
det |
the,organism |
R3413 |
T15208 |
T15206 |
pobj |
organism,of |
R3414 |
T15209 |
T15208 |
amod |
mammalian,organism |
R3415 |
T15210 |
T15184 |
punct |
.,enriched |
R3416 |
T15212 |
T15213 |
amod |
Echocardiographic,studies |
R3417 |
T15213 |
T15215 |
nsubj |
studies,reveal |
R3418 |
T15214 |
T15213 |
compound |
screening,studies |
R3419 |
T15216 |
T15213 |
prep |
of,studies |
R3420 |
T15217 |
T15218 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R3421 |
T15218 |
T15220 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R3422 |
T15219 |
T15218 |
punct |
-,1α |
R3423 |
T15220 |
T15216 |
pobj |
mice,of |
R3424 |
T15221 |
T15218 |
punct |
−,1α |
R3425 |
T15222 |
T15218 |
punct |
/,1α |
R3426 |
T15223 |
T15218 |
punct |
−,1α |
R3427 |
T15224 |
T15213 |
prep |
at,studies |
R3428 |
T15225 |
T15226 |
nmod |
ages,mo |
R3429 |
T15226 |
T15224 |
pobj |
mo,at |
R3430 |
T15227 |
T15228 |
quantmod |
4,6 |
R3431 |
T15228 |
T15226 |
nummod |
6,mo |
R3432 |
T15229 |
T15228 |
punct |
–,6 |
R3433 |
T15230 |
T15215 |
aux |
did,reveal |
R3434 |
T15231 |
T15215 |
neg |
not,reveal |
R3435 |
T15232 |
T15233 |
det |
any,differences |
R3436 |
T15233 |
T15215 |
dobj |
differences,reveal |
R3437 |
T15234 |
T15233 |
amod |
significant,differences |
R3438 |
T15235 |
T15233 |
prep |
in,differences |
R3439 |
T15236 |
T15237 |
compound |
chamber,sizes |
R3440 |
T15237 |
T15235 |
pobj |
sizes,in |
R3441 |
T15238 |
T15237 |
cc |
or,sizes |
R3442 |
T15239 |
T15240 |
amod |
ventricular,function |
R3443 |
T15240 |
T15237 |
conj |
function,sizes |
R3444 |
T15241 |
T15215 |
prep |
compared,reveal |
R3445 |
T15242 |
T15241 |
prep |
to,compared |
R3446 |
T15243 |
T15244 |
compound |
WT,controls |
R3447 |
T15244 |
T15242 |
pobj |
controls,to |
R3448 |
T15245 |
T15246 |
punct |
(,data |
R3449 |
T15246 |
T15215 |
meta |
data,reveal |
R3450 |
T15247 |
T15246 |
amod |
unpublished,data |
R3451 |
T15248 |
T15246 |
punct |
),data |
R3452 |
T15249 |
T15215 |
punct |
.,reveal |
R3453 |
T15251 |
T15252 |
amod |
Cardiac,functional |
R3454 |
T15252 |
T15253 |
amod |
functional,reserve |
R3455 |
T15253 |
T15256 |
nsubjpass |
reserve,evaluated |
R3456 |
T15254 |
T15252 |
cc |
and,functional |
R3457 |
T15255 |
T15252 |
conj |
metabolic,functional |
R3458 |
T15257 |
T15256 |
auxpass |
was,evaluated |
R3459 |
T15258 |
T15256 |
advcl |
using,evaluated |
R3460 |
T15259 |
T15260 |
nmod |
exercise,testing |
R3461 |
T15260 |
T15258 |
dobj |
testing,using |
R3462 |
T15261 |
T15260 |
amod |
echocardiographic,testing |
R3463 |
T15262 |
T15260 |
compound |
stress,testing |
R3464 |
T15263 |
T15260 |
punct |
(,testing |
R3465 |
T15264 |
T15260 |
appos |
EST,testing |
R3466 |
T15265 |
T15256 |
punct |
),evaluated |
R3467 |
T15266 |
T15256 |
punct |
.,evaluated |
R3468 |
T15268 |
T15269 |
prep |
Given,performed |
R3469 |
T15270 |
T15271 |
mark |
that,diminished |
R3470 |
T15271 |
T15268 |
pcomp |
diminished,Given |
R3471 |
T15272 |
T15273 |
det |
the,capacity |
R3472 |
T15273 |
T15271 |
nsubjpass |
capacity,diminished |
R3473 |
T15274 |
T15273 |
compound |
exercise,capacity |
R3474 |
T15275 |
T15273 |
prep |
of,capacity |
R3475 |
T15276 |
T15277 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R3476 |
T15277 |
T15279 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R3477 |
T15278 |
T15277 |
punct |
-,1α |
R3478 |
T15279 |
T15275 |
pobj |
mice,of |
R3479 |
T15280 |
T15277 |
punct |
−,1α |
R3480 |
T15281 |
T15277 |
punct |
/,1α |
R3481 |
T15282 |
T15277 |
punct |
−,1α |
R3482 |
T15283 |
T15271 |
auxpass |
is,diminished |
R3483 |
T15284 |
T15269 |
punct |
", ",performed |
R3484 |
T15285 |
T15286 |
det |
a,series |
R3485 |
T15286 |
T15269 |
nsubjpass |
series,performed |
R3486 |
T15287 |
T15286 |
prep |
of,series |
R3487 |
T15288 |
T15289 |
amod |
preliminary,studies |
R3488 |
T15289 |
T15287 |
pobj |
studies,of |
R3489 |
T15290 |
T15291 |
compound |
treadmill,exercise |
R3490 |
T15291 |
T15289 |
compound |
exercise,studies |
R3491 |
T15292 |
T15269 |
auxpass |
were,performed |
R3492 |
T15293 |
T15294 |
aux |
to,define |
R3493 |
T15294 |
T15269 |
advcl |
define,performed |
R3494 |
T15295 |
T15296 |
det |
a,duration |
R3495 |
T15296 |
T15294 |
dobj |
duration,define |
R3496 |
T15297 |
T15296 |
amod |
reasonable,duration |
R3497 |
T15298 |
T15296 |
compound |
exercise,duration |
R3498 |
T15299 |
T15296 |
prep |
for,duration |
R3499 |
T15300 |
T15301 |
csubjpass |
run,used |
R3500 |
T15301 |
T15299 |
pcomp |
used,for |
R3501 |
T15302 |
T15300 |
punct |
-,run |
R3502 |
T15303 |
T15300 |
prep |
to,run |
R3503 |
T15304 |
T15303 |
punct |
-,to |
R3504 |
T15305 |
T15303 |
pobj |
exhaustion,to |
R3505 |
T15306 |
T15301 |
aux |
to,used |
R3506 |
T15307 |
T15301 |
auxpass |
be,used |
R3507 |
T15308 |
T15301 |
prep |
as,used |
R3508 |
T15309 |
T15310 |
det |
a,duration |
R3509 |
T15310 |
T15308 |
pobj |
duration,as |
R3510 |
T15311 |
T15310 |
compound |
target,duration |
R3511 |
T15312 |
T15310 |
prep |
for,duration |
R3512 |
T15313 |
T15314 |
det |
the,EST |
R3513 |
T15314 |
T15312 |
pobj |
EST,for |
R3514 |
T15315 |
T15269 |
punct |
.,performed |
R3515 |
T15317 |
T15318 |
prep |
Based,performed |
R3516 |
T15319 |
T15317 |
prep |
on,Based |
R3517 |
T15320 |
T15321 |
det |
the,results |
R3518 |
T15321 |
T15319 |
pobj |
results,on |
R3519 |
T15322 |
T15321 |
prep |
of,results |
R3520 |
T15323 |
T15324 |
det |
these,studies |
R3521 |
T15324 |
T15322 |
pobj |
studies,of |
R3522 |
T15325 |
T15318 |
punct |
", ",performed |
R3523 |
T15326 |
T15327 |
det |
an,regimen |
R3524 |
T15327 |
T15318 |
nsubjpass |
regimen,performed |
R3525 |
T15328 |
T15327 |
compound |
EST,regimen |
R3526 |
T15329 |
T15318 |
auxpass |
was,performed |
R3527 |
T15330 |
T15331 |
prep |
in,exercised |
R3528 |
T15331 |
T15318 |
ccomp |
exercised,performed |
R3529 |
T15332 |
T15330 |
pobj |
which,in |
R3530 |
T15333 |
T15334 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R3531 |
T15334 |
T15336 |
nmod |
1α,animals |
R3532 |
T15335 |
T15334 |
punct |
-,1α |
R3533 |
T15336 |
T15331 |
nsubjpass |
animals,exercised |
R3534 |
T15337 |
T15334 |
punct |
+,1α |
R3535 |
T15338 |
T15334 |
punct |
/,1α |
R3536 |
T15339 |
T15334 |
punct |
+,1α |
R3537 |
T15340 |
T15336 |
compound |
control,animals |
R3538 |
T15341 |
T15331 |
auxpass |
were,exercised |
R3539 |
T15342 |
T15331 |
prep |
for,exercised |
R3540 |
T15343 |
T15344 |
det |
a,duration |
R3541 |
T15344 |
T15342 |
pobj |
duration,for |
R3542 |
T15345 |
T15344 |
prep |
of,duration |
R3543 |
T15346 |
T15347 |
nummod |
60,s |
R3544 |
T15347 |
T15345 |
pobj |
s,of |
R3545 |
T15348 |
T15349 |
aux |
to,match |
R3546 |
T15349 |
T15331 |
advcl |
match,exercised |
R3547 |
T15350 |
T15351 |
det |
the,average |
R3548 |
T15351 |
T15349 |
dobj |
average,match |
R3549 |
T15352 |
T15351 |
amod |
predicted,average |
R3550 |
T15353 |
T15351 |
prep |
for,average |
R3551 |
T15354 |
T15355 |
det |
the,mice |
R3552 |
T15355 |
T15353 |
pobj |
mice,for |
R3553 |
T15356 |
T15357 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R3554 |
T15357 |
T15355 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R3555 |
T15358 |
T15357 |
punct |
-,1α |
R3556 |
T15359 |
T15357 |
punct |
−,1α |
R3557 |
T15360 |
T15357 |
punct |
/,1α |
R3558 |
T15361 |
T15357 |
punct |
−,1α |
R3559 |
T15362 |
T15363 |
punct |
(,mo |
R3560 |
T15363 |
T15355 |
parataxis |
mo,mice |
R3561 |
T15364 |
T15363 |
nmod |
ages,mo |
R3562 |
T15365 |
T15366 |
quantmod |
6,8 |
R3563 |
T15366 |
T15363 |
nummod |
8,mo |
R3564 |
T15367 |
T15366 |
punct |
–,8 |
R3565 |
T15368 |
T15363 |
punct |
),mo |
R3566 |
T15369 |
T15318 |
punct |
.,performed |
R3567 |
T15371 |
T15372 |
amod |
Echocardiographic,images |
R3568 |
T15372 |
T15373 |
nsubjpass |
images,obtained |
R3569 |
T15374 |
T15373 |
auxpass |
were,obtained |
R3570 |
T15375 |
T15376 |
advmod |
immediately,following |
R3571 |
T15376 |
T15373 |
prep |
following,obtained |
R3572 |
T15377 |
T15378 |
nummod |
60,s |
R3573 |
T15378 |
T15376 |
pobj |
s,following |
R3574 |
T15379 |
T15378 |
prep |
of,s |
R3575 |
T15380 |
T15379 |
pobj |
exercise,of |
R3576 |
T15381 |
T15378 |
prep |
for,s |
R3577 |
T15382 |
T15383 |
det |
the,controls |
R3578 |
T15383 |
T15381 |
pobj |
controls,for |
R3579 |
T15384 |
T15385 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R3580 |
T15385 |
T15383 |
nmod |
1α,controls |
R3581 |
T15386 |
T15385 |
punct |
-,1α |
R3582 |
T15387 |
T15385 |
punct |
+,1α |
R3583 |
T15388 |
T15385 |
punct |
/,1α |
R3584 |
T15389 |
T15385 |
punct |
+,1α |
R3585 |
T15390 |
T15376 |
cc |
or,following |
R3586 |
T15391 |
T15376 |
conj |
at,following |
R3587 |
T15392 |
T15393 |
det |
the,point |
R3588 |
T15393 |
T15391 |
pobj |
point,at |
R3589 |
T15394 |
T15393 |
prep |
of,point |
R3590 |
T15395 |
T15394 |
pobj |
exhaustion,of |
R3591 |
T15396 |
T15393 |
prep |
for,point |
R3592 |
T15397 |
T15398 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R3593 |
T15398 |
T15400 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R3594 |
T15399 |
T15398 |
punct |
-,1α |
R3595 |
T15400 |
T15396 |
pobj |
mice,for |
R3596 |
T15401 |
T15398 |
punct |
−,1α |
R3597 |
T15402 |
T15398 |
punct |
/,1α |
R3598 |
T15403 |
T15398 |
punct |
−,1α |
R3599 |
T15404 |
T15405 |
punct |
(,s |
R3600 |
T15405 |
T15373 |
parataxis |
s,obtained |
R3601 |
T15406 |
T15407 |
dep |
mean,s |
R3602 |
T15407 |
T15405 |
dep |
s,s |
R3603 |
T15408 |
T15409 |
quantmod |
60,6.1 |
R3604 |
T15409 |
T15407 |
nummod |
6.1,s |
R3605 |
T15410 |
T15409 |
punct |
±,6.1 |
R3606 |
T15411 |
T15405 |
punct |
", ",s |
R3607 |
T15412 |
T15405 |
dep |
range,s |
R3608 |
T15413 |
T15414 |
quantmod |
45,90 |
R3609 |
T15414 |
T15405 |
nummod |
90,s |
R3610 |
T15415 |
T15414 |
punct |
–,90 |
R3611 |
T15416 |
T15405 |
punct |
),s |
R3612 |
T15417 |
T15373 |
punct |
.,obtained |
R3613 |
T15419 |
T15420 |
amod |
Echocardiographic,determined |
R3614 |
T15420 |
T15422 |
amod |
determined,shortening |
R3615 |
T15421 |
T15420 |
punct |
-,determined |
R3616 |
T15422 |
T15426 |
nsubjpass |
shortening,monitored |
R3617 |
T15423 |
T15424 |
amod |
left,fractional |
R3618 |
T15424 |
T15422 |
amod |
fractional,shortening |
R3619 |
T15425 |
T15424 |
amod |
ventricular,fractional |
R3620 |
T15427 |
T15422 |
cc |
and,shortening |
R3621 |
T15428 |
T15429 |
compound |
heart,rate |
R3622 |
T15429 |
T15422 |
conj |
rate,shortening |
R3623 |
T15430 |
T15426 |
auxpass |
were,monitored |
R3624 |
T15431 |
T15426 |
prep |
for,monitored |
R3625 |
T15432 |
T15433 |
det |
the,period |
R3626 |
T15433 |
T15431 |
pobj |
period,for |
R3627 |
T15434 |
T15435 |
nummod |
10,min |
R3628 |
T15435 |
T15433 |
compound |
min,period |
R3629 |
T15436 |
T15435 |
punct |
-,min |
R3630 |
T15437 |
T15438 |
advmod |
immediately,post |
R3631 |
T15438 |
T15433 |
prep |
post,period |
R3632 |
T15439 |
T15438 |
pobj |
exercise,post |
R3633 |
T15440 |
T15426 |
punct |
.,monitored |
R3634 |
T15442 |
T15443 |
det |
The,rate |
R3635 |
T15443 |
T15446 |
nsubj |
rate,exhibited |
R3636 |
T15444 |
T15443 |
amod |
mean,rate |
R3637 |
T15445 |
T15443 |
compound |
heart,rate |
R3638 |
T15447 |
T15443 |
prep |
of,rate |
R3639 |
T15448 |
T15449 |
det |
the,mice |
R3640 |
T15449 |
T15447 |
pobj |
mice,of |
R3641 |
T15450 |
T15451 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R3642 |
T15451 |
T15449 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R3643 |
T15452 |
T15451 |
punct |
-,1α |
R3644 |
T15453 |
T15451 |
punct |
−,1α |
R3645 |
T15454 |
T15451 |
punct |
/,1α |
R3646 |
T15455 |
T15451 |
punct |
−,1α |
R3647 |
T15456 |
T15457 |
det |
an,decline |
R3648 |
T15457 |
T15446 |
dobj |
decline,exhibited |
R3649 |
T15458 |
T15457 |
amod |
inappropriate,decline |
R3650 |
T15459 |
T15446 |
prep |
during,exhibited |
R3651 |
T15460 |
T15461 |
det |
the,period |
R3652 |
T15461 |
T15459 |
pobj |
period,during |
R3653 |
T15462 |
T15463 |
amod |
post,exercise |
R3654 |
T15463 |
T15461 |
compound |
exercise,period |
R3655 |
T15464 |
T15465 |
punct |
(,5A |
R3656 |
T15465 |
T15446 |
parataxis |
5A,exhibited |
R3657 |
T15466 |
T15465 |
compound |
Figure,5A |
R3658 |
T15467 |
T15465 |
punct |
),5A |
R3659 |
T15468 |
T15446 |
punct |
.,exhibited |
R3660 |
T15470 |
T15471 |
prep |
In,decreased |
R3661 |
T15472 |
T15470 |
pobj |
addition,In |
R3662 |
T15473 |
T15471 |
punct |
", ",decreased |
R3663 |
T15474 |
T15475 |
advmod |
echocardiographically,determined |
R3664 |
T15475 |
T15476 |
amod |
determined,shortening |
R3665 |
T15476 |
T15471 |
nsubjpass |
shortening,decreased |
R3666 |
T15477 |
T15476 |
amod |
left,shortening |
R3667 |
T15478 |
T15476 |
amod |
ventricular,shortening |
R3668 |
T15479 |
T15476 |
amod |
fractional,shortening |
R3669 |
T15480 |
T15471 |
auxpass |
was,decreased |
R3670 |
T15481 |
T15471 |
prep |
in,decreased |
R3671 |
T15482 |
T15483 |
det |
the,mice |
R3672 |
T15483 |
T15481 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R3673 |
T15484 |
T15485 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R3674 |
T15485 |
T15483 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R3675 |
T15486 |
T15485 |
punct |
-,1α |
R3676 |
T15487 |
T15485 |
punct |
−,1α |
R3677 |
T15488 |
T15485 |
punct |
/,1α |
R3678 |
T15489 |
T15485 |
punct |
−,1α |
R3679 |
T15490 |
T15483 |
punct |
", ",mice |
R3680 |
T15491 |
T15483 |
cc |
but,mice |
R3681 |
T15492 |
T15491 |
neg |
not,but |
R3682 |
T15493 |
T15494 |
det |
the,mice |
R3683 |
T15494 |
T15483 |
conj |
mice,mice |
R3684 |
T15495 |
T15496 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R3685 |
T15496 |
T15494 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R3686 |
T15497 |
T15496 |
punct |
-,1α |
R3687 |
T15498 |
T15496 |
punct |
+,1α |
R3688 |
T15499 |
T15496 |
punct |
/,1α |
R3689 |
T15500 |
T15496 |
punct |
+,1α |
R3690 |
T15501 |
T15471 |
prep |
during,decreased |
R3691 |
T15502 |
T15503 |
det |
the,min |
R3692 |
T15503 |
T15501 |
pobj |
min,during |
R3693 |
T15504 |
T15503 |
amod |
first,min |
R3694 |
T15505 |
T15503 |
nummod |
4,min |
R3695 |
T15506 |
T15503 |
prep |
of,min |
R3696 |
T15507 |
T15508 |
det |
the,period |
R3697 |
T15508 |
T15506 |
pobj |
period,of |
R3698 |
T15509 |
T15510 |
amod |
post,exercise |
R3699 |
T15510 |
T15508 |
compound |
exercise,period |
R3700 |
T15511 |
T15512 |
punct |
(,5A |
R3701 |
T15512 |
T15471 |
parataxis |
5A,decreased |
R3702 |
T15513 |
T15512 |
compound |
Figure,5A |
R3703 |
T15514 |
T15512 |
punct |
),5A |
R3704 |
T15515 |
T15471 |
punct |
.,decreased |
R3705 |
T15517 |
T15518 |
det |
The,results |
R3706 |
T15518 |
T15519 |
nsubj |
results,distinguish |
R3707 |
T15520 |
T15518 |
prep |
of,results |
R3708 |
T15521 |
T15522 |
det |
the,EST |
R3709 |
T15522 |
T15520 |
pobj |
EST,of |
R3710 |
T15523 |
T15519 |
aux |
did,distinguish |
R3711 |
T15524 |
T15519 |
neg |
not,distinguish |
R3712 |
T15525 |
T15519 |
prep |
between,distinguish |
R3713 |
T15526 |
T15527 |
det |
a,abnormality |
R3714 |
T15527 |
T15525 |
pobj |
abnormality,between |
R3715 |
T15528 |
T15527 |
amod |
primary,abnormality |
R3716 |
T15529 |
T15527 |
amod |
cardiac,abnormality |
R3717 |
T15530 |
T15527 |
cc |
versus,abnormality |
R3718 |
T15531 |
T15527 |
conj |
effects,abnormality |
R3719 |
T15532 |
T15531 |
amod |
secondary,effects |
R3720 |
T15533 |
T15532 |
prep |
to,secondary |
R3721 |
T15534 |
T15535 |
det |
the,exhaustion |
R3722 |
T15535 |
T15533 |
pobj |
exhaustion,to |
R3723 |
T15536 |
T15535 |
acl |
caused,exhaustion |
R3724 |
T15537 |
T15536 |
agent |
by,caused |
R3725 |
T15538 |
T15539 |
amod |
reduced,tolerance |
R3726 |
T15539 |
T15537 |
pobj |
tolerance,by |
R3727 |
T15540 |
T15539 |
compound |
exercise,tolerance |
R3728 |
T15541 |
T15539 |
acl |
related,tolerance |
R3729 |
T15542 |
T15541 |
prep |
to,related |
R3730 |
T15543 |
T15544 |
amod |
skeletal,muscle |
R3731 |
T15544 |
T15545 |
compound |
muscle,dysfunction |
R3732 |
T15545 |
T15542 |
pobj |
dysfunction,to |
R3733 |
T15546 |
T15519 |
punct |
.,distinguish |
R3734 |
T15548 |
T15549 |
aux |
To,assess |
R3735 |
T15549 |
T15551 |
advcl |
assess,isolated |
R3736 |
T15550 |
T15549 |
advmod |
directly,assess |
R3737 |
T15552 |
T15553 |
amod |
cardiac,function |
R3738 |
T15553 |
T15549 |
dobj |
function,assess |
R3739 |
T15554 |
T15551 |
punct |
", ",isolated |
R3740 |
T15555 |
T15556 |
det |
the,hearts |
R3741 |
T15556 |
T15551 |
nsubjpass |
hearts,isolated |
R3742 |
T15557 |
T15556 |
prep |
of,hearts |
R3743 |
T15558 |
T15559 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R3744 |
T15559 |
T15561 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R3745 |
T15560 |
T15559 |
punct |
-,1α |
R3746 |
T15561 |
T15557 |
pobj |
mice,of |
R3747 |
T15562 |
T15559 |
punct |
−,1α |
R3748 |
T15563 |
T15559 |
punct |
/,1α |
R3749 |
T15564 |
T15559 |
punct |
−,1α |
R3750 |
T15574 |
T15551 |
conj |
perfused,isolated |
R3751 |
T15565 |
T15559 |
cc |
and,1α |
R3752 |
T15575 |
T15574 |
prep |
in,perfused |
R3753 |
T15566 |
T15567 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R3754 |
T15576 |
T15577 |
det |
the,mode |
R3755 |
T15577 |
T15575 |
pobj |
mode,in |
R3756 |
T15567 |
T15559 |
conj |
1α,1α |
R3757 |
T15578 |
T15577 |
compound |
working,mode |
R3758 |
T15579 |
T15551 |
punct |
.,isolated |
R3759 |
T15568 |
T15567 |
punct |
-,1α |
R3760 |
T15581 |
T15582 |
nsubj |
Hearts,generated |
R3761 |
T15583 |
T15581 |
acl |
isolated,Hearts |
R3762 |
T15584 |
T15583 |
prep |
from,isolated |
R3763 |
T15585 |
T15586 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R3764 |
T15586 |
T15588 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R3765 |
T15587 |
T15586 |
punct |
-,1α |
R3766 |
T15569 |
T15567 |
punct |
+,1α |
R3767 |
T15588 |
T15584 |
pobj |
mice,from |
R3768 |
T15589 |
T15586 |
punct |
−,1α |
R3769 |
T15570 |
T15567 |
punct |
/,1α |
R3770 |
T15590 |
T15586 |
punct |
/,1α |
R3771 |
T15591 |
T15586 |
punct |
−,1α |
R3772 |
T15592 |
T15593 |
amod |
lower,work |
R3773 |
T15571 |
T15567 |
punct |
+,1α |
R3774 |
T15593 |
T15582 |
dobj |
work,generated |
R3775 |
T15594 |
T15593 |
amod |
cardiac,work |
R3776 |
T15572 |
T15551 |
auxpass |
were,isolated |
R3777 |
T15595 |
T15593 |
punct |
(,work |
R3778 |
T15596 |
T15597 |
amod |
cardiac,output |
R3779 |
T15597 |
T15593 |
appos |
output,work |
R3780 |
T15573 |
T15551 |
cc |
and,isolated |
R3781 |
T15598 |
T15597 |
acl |
multiplied,output |
R3782 |
T15599 |
T15598 |
prep |
by,multiplied |
R3783 |
T15600 |
T15601 |
nmod |
peak,pressure |
R3784 |
T15679 |
T15644 |
parataxis |
Table,delineated |
R3785 |
T15601 |
T15599 |
pobj |
pressure,by |
R3786 |
T15602 |
T15601 |
amod |
systolic,pressure |
R3787 |
T15603 |
T15593 |
punct |
),work |
R3788 |
T15604 |
T15593 |
prep |
compared,work |
R3789 |
T15605 |
T15604 |
prep |
to,compared |
R3790 |
T15680 |
T15679 |
nummod |
1,Table |
R3791 |
T15606 |
T15607 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R3792 |
T15607 |
T15609 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R3793 |
T15608 |
T15607 |
punct |
-,1α |
R3794 |
T15609 |
T15605 |
pobj |
mice,to |
R3795 |
T15681 |
T15679 |
punct |
),Table |
R3796 |
T15610 |
T15607 |
punct |
+,1α |
R3797 |
T15611 |
T15607 |
punct |
/,1α |
R3798 |
T15682 |
T15644 |
punct |
.,delineated |
R3799 |
T15612 |
T15607 |
punct |
+,1α |
R3800 |
T15613 |
T15609 |
prep |
at,mice |
R3801 |
T15614 |
T15615 |
amod |
identical,conditions |
R3802 |
T15684 |
T15685 |
aux |
To,distinguish |
R3803 |
T15615 |
T15613 |
pobj |
conditions,at |
R3804 |
T15616 |
T15615 |
compound |
loading,conditions |
R3805 |
T15617 |
T15618 |
punct |
(,Table |
R3806 |
T15618 |
T15609 |
parataxis |
Table,mice |
R3807 |
T15619 |
T15618 |
nummod |
1,Table |
R3808 |
T15620 |
T15618 |
punct |
),Table |
R3809 |
T15685 |
T15687 |
advcl |
distinguish,evaluated |
R3810 |
T15621 |
T15582 |
punct |
.,generated |
R3811 |
T15623 |
T15624 |
det |
This,reduction |
R3812 |
T15686 |
T15685 |
advmod |
further,distinguish |
R3813 |
T15624 |
T15625 |
nsubj |
reduction,was |
R3814 |
T15688 |
T15685 |
prep |
between,distinguish |
R3815 |
T15626 |
T15624 |
prep |
in,reduction |
R3816 |
T15627 |
T15628 |
amod |
cardiac,work |
R3817 |
T15628 |
T15626 |
pobj |
work,in |
R3818 |
T15629 |
T15625 |
prep |
due,was |
R3819 |
T15689 |
T15688 |
pobj |
abnormalities,between |
R3820 |
T15630 |
T15629 |
pcomp |
to,due |
R3821 |
T15631 |
T15632 |
det |
a,output |
R3822 |
T15690 |
T15689 |
prep |
in,abnormalities |
R3823 |
T15691 |
T15692 |
compound |
heart,rate |
R3824 |
T15632 |
T15629 |
pobj |
output,due |
R3825 |
T15692 |
T15690 |
pobj |
rate,in |
R3826 |
T15633 |
T15632 |
amod |
reduced,output |
R3827 |
T15634 |
T15632 |
amod |
cardiac,output |
R3828 |
T15693 |
T15692 |
cc |
and,rate |
R3829 |
T15635 |
T15636 |
punct |
(,Table |
R3830 |
T15636 |
T15625 |
parataxis |
Table,was |
R3831 |
T15637 |
T15636 |
nummod |
1,Table |
R3832 |
T15694 |
T15695 |
amod |
ventricular,function |
R3833 |
T15638 |
T15636 |
punct |
),Table |
R3834 |
T15639 |
T15625 |
punct |
.,was |
R3835 |
T15695 |
T15692 |
conj |
function,rate |
R3836 |
T15641 |
T15642 |
det |
The,contribution |
R3837 |
T15696 |
T15687 |
punct |
", ",evaluated |
R3838 |
T15642 |
T15644 |
nsubjpass |
contribution,delineated |
R3839 |
T15643 |
T15642 |
amod |
relative,contribution |
R3840 |
T15645 |
T15642 |
prep |
of,contribution |
R3841 |
T15646 |
T15647 |
compound |
heart,rate |
R3842 |
T15697 |
T15698 |
advmod |
in,vivo |
R3843 |
T15698 |
T15699 |
amod |
vivo,response |
R3844 |
T15647 |
T15645 |
pobj |
rate,of |
R3845 |
T15648 |
T15647 |
cc |
and,rate |
R3846 |
T15699 |
T15687 |
nsubjpass |
response,evaluated |
R3847 |
T15649 |
T15650 |
compound |
stroke,volume |
R3848 |
T15650 |
T15647 |
conj |
volume,rate |
R3849 |
T15651 |
T15642 |
prep |
to,contribution |
R3850 |
T15700 |
T15699 |
amod |
hemodynamic,response |
R3851 |
T15652 |
T15653 |
amod |
diminished,output |
R3852 |
T15653 |
T15651 |
pobj |
output,to |
R3853 |
T15654 |
T15653 |
amod |
cardiac,output |
R3854 |
T15701 |
T15699 |
prep |
to,response |
R3855 |
T15655 |
T15653 |
prep |
in,output |
R3856 |
T15656 |
T15657 |
det |
the,mice |
R3857 |
T15702 |
T15703 |
det |
the,agonist |
R3858 |
T15657 |
T15655 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R3859 |
T15703 |
T15701 |
pobj |
agonist,to |
R3860 |
T15658 |
T15659 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R3861 |
T15659 |
T15657 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R3862 |
T15704 |
T15705 |
nmod |
β1,α1 |
R3863 |
T15660 |
T15659 |
punct |
-,1α |
R3864 |
T15661 |
T15659 |
punct |
−,1α |
R3865 |
T15705 |
T15707 |
npadvmod |
α1,adrenergic |
R3866 |
T15662 |
T15659 |
punct |
/,1α |
R3867 |
T15663 |
T15659 |
punct |
−,1α |
R3868 |
T15664 |
T15644 |
aux |
could,delineated |
R3869 |
T15706 |
T15705 |
punct |
",",α1 |
R3870 |
T15665 |
T15644 |
neg |
not,delineated |
R3871 |
T15666 |
T15644 |
auxpass |
be,delineated |
R3872 |
T15707 |
T15709 |
amod |
adrenergic,selective |
R3873 |
T15667 |
T15644 |
punct |
", ",delineated |
R3874 |
T15668 |
T15669 |
mark |
because,decreased |
R3875 |
T15669 |
T15644 |
advcl |
decreased,delineated |
R3876 |
T15708 |
T15707 |
punct |
-,adrenergic |
R3877 |
T15670 |
T15669 |
nsubjpass |
both,decreased |
R3878 |
T15671 |
T15669 |
auxpass |
were,decreased |
R3879 |
T15709 |
T15703 |
amod |
selective,agonist |
R3880 |
T15672 |
T15669 |
cc |
but,decreased |
R3881 |
T15673 |
T15669 |
conj |
neither,decreased |
R3882 |
T15674 |
T15673 |
prep |
to,neither |
R3883 |
T15710 |
T15709 |
punct |
-,selective |
R3884 |
T15675 |
T15676 |
det |
a,degree |
R3885 |
T15676 |
T15674 |
pobj |
degree,to |
R3886 |
T15711 |
T15703 |
appos |
dobutamine,agonist |
R3887 |
T15677 |
T15676 |
amod |
significant,degree |
R3888 |
T15678 |
T15679 |
punct |
(,Table |
R3889 |
T15712 |
T15687 |
auxpass |
was,evaluated |
R3890 |
T15713 |
T15687 |
advcl |
using,evaluated |
R3891 |
T15714 |
T15715 |
det |
a,catheter |
R3892 |
T15715 |
T15713 |
dobj |
catheter,using |
R3893 |
T15716 |
T15715 |
amod |
miniaturized,catheter |
R3894 |
T15784 |
T15782 |
advmod |
together,Taken |
R3895 |
T15785 |
T15782 |
prep |
with,Taken |
R3896 |
T15717 |
T15715 |
compound |
Millar,catheter |
R3897 |
T15786 |
T15787 |
det |
the,EST |
R3898 |
T15787 |
T15785 |
pobj |
EST,with |
R3899 |
T15718 |
T15687 |
punct |
.,evaluated |
R3900 |
T15788 |
T15783 |
punct |
", ",suggest |
R3901 |
T15789 |
T15790 |
det |
these,results |
R3902 |
T15790 |
T15783 |
nsubj |
results,suggest |
R3903 |
T15720 |
T15721 |
det |
The,response |
R3904 |
T15791 |
T15783 |
advmod |
strongly,suggest |
R3905 |
T15792 |
T15793 |
mark |
that,are |
R3906 |
T15793 |
T15783 |
ccomp |
are,suggest |
R3907 |
T15721 |
T15724 |
nsubj |
response,was |
R3908 |
T15794 |
T15795 |
det |
the,hearts |
R3909 |
T15795 |
T15793 |
nsubj |
hearts,are |
R3910 |
T15796 |
T15797 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R3911 |
T15722 |
T15721 |
amod |
ventricular,response |
R3912 |
T15797 |
T15795 |
nmod |
1α,hearts |
R3913 |
T15798 |
T15797 |
punct |
-,1α |
R3914 |
T15799 |
T15797 |
punct |
−,1α |
R3915 |
T15723 |
T15721 |
amod |
functional,response |
R3916 |
T15800 |
T15797 |
punct |
/,1α |
R3917 |
T15801 |
T15797 |
punct |
−,1α |
R3918 |
T15802 |
T15793 |
acomp |
unable,are |
R3919 |
T15725 |
T15721 |
prep |
to,response |
R3920 |
T15803 |
T15804 |
aux |
to,mount |
R3921 |
T15804 |
T15802 |
xcomp |
mount,unable |
R3922 |
T15726 |
T15725 |
pobj |
dobutamine,to |
R3923 |
T15727 |
T15724 |
acomp |
similar,was |
R3924 |
T15805 |
T15806 |
det |
an,response |
R3925 |
T15806 |
T15804 |
dobj |
response,mount |
R3926 |
T15728 |
T15724 |
prep |
in,was |
R3927 |
T15807 |
T15806 |
amod |
appropriate,response |
R3928 |
T15808 |
T15806 |
amod |
chronotropic,response |
R3929 |
T15729 |
T15730 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R3930 |
T15809 |
T15806 |
prep |
to,response |
R3931 |
T15810 |
T15809 |
pobj |
exercise,to |
R3932 |
T15811 |
T15810 |
cc |
and,exercise |
R3933 |
T15812 |
T15813 |
amod |
other,stimuli |
R3934 |
T15730 |
T15732 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R3935 |
T15813 |
T15810 |
conj |
stimuli,exercise |
R3936 |
T15814 |
T15813 |
amod |
physiologic,stimuli |
R3937 |
T15731 |
T15730 |
punct |
-,1α |
R3938 |
T15815 |
T15816 |
dep |
that,activate |
R3939 |
T15816 |
T15813 |
relcl |
activate,stimuli |
R3940 |
T15817 |
T15818 |
npadvmod |
β,adrenergic |
R3941 |
T15732 |
T15728 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R3942 |
T15818 |
T15820 |
amod |
adrenergic,input |
R3943 |
T15819 |
T15818 |
punct |
-,adrenergic |
R3944 |
T15820 |
T15816 |
dobj |
input,activate |
R3945 |
T15821 |
T15820 |
prep |
to,input |
R3946 |
T15822 |
T15823 |
det |
the,heart |
R3947 |
T15733 |
T15730 |
punct |
+,1α |
R3948 |
T15823 |
T15821 |
pobj |
heart,to |
R3949 |
T15824 |
T15783 |
punct |
.,suggest |
R3950 |
T15734 |
T15730 |
punct |
/,1α |
R3951 |
T15826 |
T15827 |
advmod |
However,reveal |
R3952 |
T15735 |
T15730 |
punct |
+,1α |
R3953 |
T15828 |
T15827 |
punct |
", ",reveal |
R3954 |
T15829 |
T15830 |
poss |
our,results |
R3955 |
T15830 |
T15827 |
nsubj |
results,reveal |
R3956 |
T15736 |
T15730 |
cc |
and,1α |
R3957 |
T15831 |
T15827 |
aux |
did,reveal |
R3958 |
T15832 |
T15827 |
neg |
not,reveal |
R3959 |
T15737 |
T15738 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R3960 |
T15833 |
T15827 |
dobj |
evidence,reveal |
R3961 |
T15834 |
T15833 |
prep |
for,evidence |
R3962 |
T15738 |
T15730 |
conj |
1α,1α |
R3963 |
T15835 |
T15836 |
amod |
contractile,dysfunction |
R3964 |
T15836 |
T15834 |
pobj |
dysfunction,for |
R3965 |
T15837 |
T15827 |
punct |
.,reveal |
R3966 |
T15739 |
T15738 |
punct |
-,1α |
R3967 |
T15740 |
T15738 |
punct |
−,1α |
R3968 |
T15741 |
T15738 |
punct |
/,1α |
R3969 |
T15742 |
T15738 |
punct |
−,1α |
R3970 |
T15743 |
T15744 |
punct |
(,graph |
R3971 |
T15744 |
T15724 |
parataxis |
graph,was |
R3972 |
T15745 |
T15746 |
compound |
Figure,5B |
R3973 |
T15746 |
T15744 |
dep |
5B,graph |
R3974 |
T15747 |
T15744 |
punct |
", ",graph |
R3975 |
T15748 |
T15744 |
amod |
right,graph |
R3976 |
T15749 |
T15744 |
punct |
),graph |
R3977 |
T15750 |
T15724 |
punct |
.,was |
R3978 |
T15752 |
T15753 |
advmod |
However,exhibited |
R3979 |
T15754 |
T15753 |
punct |
", ",exhibited |
R3980 |
T15755 |
T15756 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R3981 |
T15756 |
T15758 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R3982 |
T15757 |
T15756 |
punct |
-,1α |
R3983 |
T15758 |
T15753 |
nsubj |
mice,exhibited |
R3984 |
T15759 |
T15756 |
punct |
−,1α |
R3985 |
T15760 |
T15756 |
punct |
/,1α |
R3986 |
T15761 |
T15756 |
punct |
−,1α |
R3987 |
T15762 |
T15763 |
det |
a,response |
R3988 |
T15763 |
T15753 |
dobj |
response,exhibited |
R3989 |
T15764 |
T15765 |
advmod |
significantly,blunted |
R3990 |
T15765 |
T15763 |
amod |
blunted,response |
R3991 |
T15766 |
T15767 |
compound |
heart,rate |
R3992 |
T15767 |
T15763 |
compound |
rate,response |
R3993 |
T15768 |
T15763 |
prep |
to,response |
R3994 |
T15769 |
T15770 |
npadvmod |
β,adrenergic |
R3995 |
T15770 |
T15772 |
amod |
adrenergic,stimulation |
R3996 |
T15771 |
T15770 |
punct |
-,adrenergic |
R3997 |
T15772 |
T15768 |
pobj |
stimulation,to |
R3998 |
T15773 |
T15774 |
punct |
(,graph |
R3999 |
T15774 |
T15753 |
parataxis |
graph,exhibited |
R4000 |
T15775 |
T15776 |
compound |
Figure,5B |
R4001 |
T15776 |
T15774 |
dep |
5B,graph |
R4002 |
T15777 |
T15774 |
punct |
", ",graph |
R4003 |
T15778 |
T15774 |
amod |
left,graph |
R4004 |
T15779 |
T15774 |
punct |
),graph |
R4005 |
T15780 |
T15753 |
punct |
.,exhibited |
R4006 |
T15782 |
T15783 |
advcl |
Taken,suggest |
R4009 |
T17367 |
T17368 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R4010 |
T17368 |
T17370 |
nmod |
1α,Mice |
R4011 |
T17369 |
T17368 |
punct |
-,1α |
R4012 |
T17370 |
T17374 |
nsubj |
Mice,Exhibit |
R4013 |
T17371 |
T17368 |
punct |
−,1α |
R4014 |
T17372 |
T17368 |
punct |
/,1α |
R4015 |
T17373 |
T17368 |
punct |
−,1α |
R4016 |
T17375 |
T17376 |
det |
an,Response |
R4017 |
T17376 |
T17374 |
dobj |
Response,Exhibit |
R4018 |
T17377 |
T17376 |
amod |
Abnormal,Response |
R4019 |
T17378 |
T17376 |
amod |
Thermogenic,Response |
R4020 |
T17380 |
T17381 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R4021 |
T17381 |
T17383 |
nsubjpass |
1α,implicated |
R4022 |
T17382 |
T17381 |
punct |
-,1α |
R4023 |
T17384 |
T17383 |
aux |
has,implicated |
R4024 |
T17385 |
T17383 |
auxpass |
been,implicated |
R4025 |
T17386 |
T17383 |
prep |
as,implicated |
R4026 |
T17387 |
T17388 |
det |
an,regulator |
R4027 |
T17388 |
T17386 |
pobj |
regulator,as |
R4028 |
T17389 |
T17388 |
amod |
inducible,regulator |
R4029 |
T17390 |
T17388 |
prep |
of,regulator |
R4030 |
T17391 |
T17392 |
amod |
mitochondrial,uncoupling |
R4031 |
T17392 |
T17390 |
pobj |
uncoupling,of |
R4032 |
T17393 |
T17392 |
amod |
respiratory,uncoupling |
R4033 |
T17394 |
T17392 |
punct |
", ",uncoupling |
R4034 |
T17395 |
T17396 |
det |
an,source |
R4035 |
T17396 |
T17392 |
appos |
source,uncoupling |
R4036 |
T17397 |
T17396 |
amod |
important,source |
R4037 |
T17398 |
T17396 |
prep |
of,source |
R4038 |
T17399 |
T17400 |
compound |
heat,production |
R4039 |
T17400 |
T17398 |
pobj |
production,of |
R4040 |
T17401 |
T17396 |
prep |
in,source |
R4041 |
T17402 |
T17401 |
pobj |
BAT,in |
R4042 |
T17403 |
T17404 |
punct |
[,2 |
R4043 |
T17404 |
T17383 |
parataxis |
2,implicated |
R4044 |
T17405 |
T17404 |
punct |
],2 |
R4045 |
T17406 |
T17383 |
punct |
.,implicated |
R4046 |
T17408 |
T17409 |
aux |
To,determine |
R4047 |
T17409 |
T17410 |
advcl |
determine,subjected |
R4048 |
T17411 |
T17412 |
mark |
whether,is |
R4049 |
T17412 |
T17409 |
ccomp |
is,determine |
R4050 |
T17413 |
T17414 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R4051 |
T17414 |
T17412 |
nsubj |
1α,is |
R4052 |
T17415 |
T17414 |
punct |
-,1α |
R4053 |
T17416 |
T17412 |
acomp |
necessary,is |
R4054 |
T17417 |
T17416 |
prep |
for,necessary |
R4055 |
T17418 |
T17419 |
det |
an,response |
R4056 |
T17419 |
T17417 |
pobj |
response,for |
R4057 |
T17420 |
T17419 |
amod |
appropriate,response |
R4058 |
T17421 |
T17419 |
amod |
thermogenic,response |
R4059 |
T17422 |
T17410 |
punct |
", ",subjected |
R4060 |
T17423 |
T17424 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R4061 |
T17424 |
T17426 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R4062 |
T17425 |
T17424 |
punct |
-,1α |
R4063 |
T17426 |
T17410 |
nsubjpass |
mice,subjected |
R4064 |
T17427 |
T17424 |
punct |
+,1α |
R4065 |
T17428 |
T17424 |
punct |
/,1α |
R4066 |
T17429 |
T17424 |
punct |
+,1α |
R4067 |
T17430 |
T17424 |
cc |
and,1α |
R4068 |
T17431 |
T17432 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R4069 |
T17432 |
T17424 |
conj |
1α,1α |
R4070 |
T17433 |
T17432 |
punct |
-,1α |
R4071 |
T17434 |
T17432 |
punct |
−,1α |
R4072 |
T17435 |
T17432 |
punct |
/,1α |
R4073 |
T17436 |
T17432 |
punct |
−,1α |
R4074 |
T17437 |
T17410 |
auxpass |
were,subjected |
R4075 |
T17438 |
T17410 |
prep |
to,subjected |
R4076 |
T17439 |
T17440 |
compound |
cold,exposure |
R4077 |
T17440 |
T17438 |
pobj |
exposure,to |
R4078 |
T17441 |
T17442 |
punct |
(,°C |
R4079 |
T17442 |
T17440 |
parataxis |
°C,exposure |
R4080 |
T17443 |
T17442 |
nummod |
4,°C |
R4081 |
T17444 |
T17442 |
punct |
),°C |
R4082 |
T17445 |
T17410 |
prep |
for,subjected |
R4083 |
T17446 |
T17447 |
det |
a,period |
R4084 |
T17447 |
T17445 |
pobj |
period,for |
R4085 |
T17448 |
T17449 |
nummod |
5,h |
R4086 |
T17449 |
T17447 |
compound |
h,period |
R4087 |
T17450 |
T17449 |
punct |
-,h |
R4088 |
T17451 |
T17452 |
mark |
while,monitored |
R4089 |
T17452 |
T17410 |
advcl |
monitored,subjected |
R4090 |
T17453 |
T17454 |
compound |
core,temperature |
R4091 |
T17454 |
T17452 |
nsubjpass |
temperature,monitored |
R4092 |
T17455 |
T17454 |
compound |
body,temperature |
R4093 |
T17456 |
T17452 |
auxpass |
was,monitored |
R4094 |
T17457 |
T17410 |
punct |
.,subjected |
R4095 |
T17459 |
T17460 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R4096 |
T17460 |
T17462 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R4097 |
T17461 |
T17460 |
punct |
-,1α |
R4098 |
T17462 |
T17466 |
nsubj |
mice,exhibited |
R4099 |
T17463 |
T17460 |
punct |
−,1α |
R4100 |
T17464 |
T17460 |
punct |
/,1α |
R4101 |
T17465 |
T17460 |
punct |
−,1α |
R4102 |
T17467 |
T17468 |
det |
a,drop |
R4103 |
T17468 |
T17466 |
dobj |
drop,exhibited |
R4104 |
T17469 |
T17470 |
advmod |
markedly,abnormal |
R4105 |
T17470 |
T17468 |
amod |
abnormal,drop |
R4106 |
T17471 |
T17468 |
prep |
in,drop |
R4107 |
T17472 |
T17473 |
compound |
core,temperature |
R4108 |
T17473 |
T17471 |
pobj |
temperature,in |
R4109 |
T17474 |
T17466 |
prep |
compared,exhibited |
R4110 |
T17475 |
T17474 |
prep |
to,compared |
R4111 |
T17476 |
T17477 |
det |
the,controls |
R4112 |
T17477 |
T17475 |
pobj |
controls,to |
R4113 |
T17478 |
T17477 |
compound |
WT,controls |
R4114 |
T17479 |
T17480 |
punct |
(,6A |
R4115 |
T17480 |
T17466 |
parataxis |
6A,exhibited |
R4116 |
T17481 |
T17480 |
compound |
Figure,6A |
R4117 |
T17482 |
T17480 |
punct |
),6A |
R4118 |
T17483 |
T17466 |
punct |
.,exhibited |
R4119 |
T17485 |
T17486 |
advmod |
Specifically,was |
R4120 |
T17487 |
T17486 |
punct |
", ",was |
R4121 |
T17488 |
T17489 |
det |
the,decline |
R4122 |
T17489 |
T17486 |
nsubj |
decline,was |
R4123 |
T17490 |
T17489 |
compound |
mean,decline |
R4124 |
T17491 |
T17489 |
prep |
in,decline |
R4125 |
T17492 |
T17493 |
compound |
core,temperature |
R4126 |
T17493 |
T17491 |
pobj |
temperature,in |
R4127 |
T17494 |
T17486 |
acomp |
greater,was |
R4128 |
T17495 |
T17494 |
prep |
than,greater |
R4129 |
T17496 |
T17497 |
nummod |
12,°C |
R4130 |
T17497 |
T17495 |
pobj |
°C,than |
R4131 |
T17498 |
T17486 |
prep |
at,was |
R4132 |
T17499 |
T17500 |
det |
the,point |
R4133 |
T17500 |
T17498 |
pobj |
point,at |
R4134 |
T17501 |
T17502 |
nummod |
5,h |
R4135 |
T17502 |
T17500 |
compound |
h,point |
R4136 |
T17503 |
T17502 |
punct |
-,h |
R4137 |
T17504 |
T17500 |
compound |
time,point |
R4138 |
T17505 |
T17486 |
prep |
in,was |
R4139 |
T17506 |
T17507 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R4140 |
T17507 |
T17509 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R4141 |
T17508 |
T17507 |
punct |
-,1α |
R4142 |
T17509 |
T17505 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R4143 |
T17510 |
T17507 |
punct |
−,1α |
R4144 |
T17511 |
T17507 |
punct |
/,1α |
R4145 |
T17512 |
T17507 |
punct |
−,1α |
R4146 |
T17513 |
T17486 |
punct |
", ",was |
R4147 |
T17514 |
T17486 |
prep |
compared,was |
R4148 |
T17515 |
T17514 |
prep |
to,compared |
R4149 |
T17516 |
T17517 |
det |
an,decrement |
R4150 |
T17517 |
T17515 |
pobj |
decrement,to |
R4151 |
T17518 |
T17519 |
advmod |
approximately,3 |
R4152 |
T17519 |
T17520 |
nummod |
3,°C |
R4153 |
T17520 |
T17517 |
compound |
°C,decrement |
R4154 |
T17521 |
T17517 |
prep |
in,decrement |
R4155 |
T17522 |
T17523 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R4156 |
T17523 |
T17525 |
nmod |
1α,controls |
R4157 |
T17524 |
T17523 |
punct |
-,1α |
R4158 |
T17525 |
T17521 |
pobj |
controls,in |
R4159 |
T17526 |
T17523 |
punct |
+,1α |
R4160 |
T17527 |
T17523 |
punct |
/,1α |
R4161 |
T17528 |
T17523 |
punct |
+,1α |
R4162 |
T17529 |
T17486 |
punct |
.,was |
R4163 |
T17531 |
T17532 |
mark |
Although,was |
R4164 |
T17532 |
T17536 |
advcl |
was,was |
R4165 |
T17533 |
T17534 |
det |
this,phenotype |
R4166 |
T17534 |
T17532 |
nsubj |
phenotype,was |
R4167 |
T17535 |
T17534 |
amod |
thermogenic,phenotype |
R4168 |
T17537 |
T17532 |
advmod |
consistently,was |
R4169 |
T17538 |
T17532 |
acomp |
present,was |
R4170 |
T17539 |
T17532 |
prep |
in,was |
R4171 |
T17540 |
T17539 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R4172 |
T17541 |
T17540 |
amod |
aged,mice |
R4173 |
T17542 |
T17543 |
quantmod |
28,37 |
R4174 |
T17543 |
T17545 |
nummod |
37,d |
R4175 |
T17544 |
T17543 |
punct |
–,37 |
R4176 |
T17545 |
T17541 |
npadvmod |
d,aged |
R4177 |
T17546 |
T17536 |
punct |
", ",was |
R4178 |
T17547 |
T17536 |
nsubj |
it,was |
R4179 |
T17548 |
T17536 |
acomp |
absent,was |
R4180 |
T17549 |
T17536 |
prep |
in,was |
R4181 |
T17550 |
T17551 |
amod |
older,mice |
R4182 |
T17551 |
T17549 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R4183 |
T17552 |
T17553 |
punct |
(,data |
R4184 |
T17553 |
T17536 |
meta |
data,was |
R4185 |
T17554 |
T17553 |
amod |
unpublished,data |
R4186 |
T17555 |
T17553 |
punct |
),data |
R4187 |
T17556 |
T17536 |
punct |
.,was |
R4188 |
T17558 |
T17559 |
det |
The,appearance |
R4189 |
T17559 |
T17561 |
nsubjpass |
appearance,assessed |
R4190 |
T17560 |
T17559 |
amod |
histologic,appearance |
R4191 |
T17562 |
T17559 |
cc |
and,appearance |
R4192 |
T17563 |
T17564 |
amod |
neutral,stores |
R4193 |
T17564 |
T17559 |
conj |
stores,appearance |
R4194 |
T17565 |
T17564 |
compound |
lipid,stores |
R4195 |
T17566 |
T17559 |
prep |
of,appearance |
R4196 |
T17567 |
T17566 |
pobj |
BAT,of |
R4197 |
T17568 |
T17561 |
auxpass |
were,assessed |
R4198 |
T17569 |
T17561 |
prep |
as,assessed |
R4199 |
T17570 |
T17571 |
det |
an,step |
R4200 |
T17571 |
T17569 |
pobj |
step,as |
R4201 |
T17572 |
T17571 |
amod |
initial,step |
R4202 |
T17573 |
T17574 |
aux |
to,characterize |
R4203 |
T17574 |
T17571 |
advcl |
characterize,step |
R4204 |
T17575 |
T17576 |
det |
the,phenotype |
R4205 |
T17576 |
T17574 |
dobj |
phenotype,characterize |
R4206 |
T17577 |
T17576 |
amod |
thermogenic,phenotype |
R4207 |
T17578 |
T17576 |
acl |
exhibited,phenotype |
R4208 |
T17579 |
T17578 |
agent |
by,exhibited |
R4209 |
T17580 |
T17581 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R4210 |
T17581 |
T17583 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R4211 |
T17582 |
T17581 |
punct |
-,1α |
R4212 |
T17583 |
T17579 |
pobj |
mice,by |
R4213 |
T17584 |
T17581 |
punct |
−,1α |
R4214 |
T17585 |
T17581 |
punct |
/,1α |
R4215 |
T17586 |
T17581 |
punct |
−,1α |
R4216 |
T17587 |
T17561 |
punct |
.,assessed |
R4217 |
T17589 |
T17590 |
amod |
Histologic,studies |
R4218 |
T17590 |
T17594 |
nsubjpass |
studies,performed |
R4219 |
T17591 |
T17589 |
cc |
and,Histologic |
R4220 |
T17592 |
T17593 |
compound |
lipid,quantification |
R4221 |
T17593 |
T17589 |
conj |
quantification,Histologic |
R4222 |
T17595 |
T17594 |
auxpass |
were,performed |
R4223 |
T17596 |
T17594 |
punct |
.,performed |
R4224 |
T17598 |
T17599 |
npadvmod |
Electron,microscopic |
R4225 |
T17599 |
T17600 |
amod |
microscopic,analyses |
R4226 |
T17600 |
T17601 |
nsubj |
analyses,indicated |
R4227 |
T17602 |
T17603 |
mark |
that,was |
R4228 |
T17603 |
T17601 |
ccomp |
was,indicated |
R4229 |
T17604 |
T17605 |
det |
the,ultrastructure |
R4230 |
T17605 |
T17603 |
nsubj |
ultrastructure,was |
R4231 |
T17606 |
T17605 |
amod |
mitochondrial,ultrastructure |
R4232 |
T17607 |
T17603 |
acomp |
similar,was |
R4233 |
T17608 |
T17603 |
prep |
in,was |
R4234 |
T17609 |
T17608 |
pobj |
BAT,in |
R4235 |
T17610 |
T17609 |
acl |
isolated,BAT |
R4236 |
T17611 |
T17610 |
prep |
from,isolated |
R4237 |
T17612 |
T17613 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R4238 |
T17613 |
T17615 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R4239 |
T17614 |
T17613 |
punct |
-,1α |
R4240 |
T17615 |
T17611 |
pobj |
mice,from |
R4241 |
T17616 |
T17613 |
punct |
−,1α |
R4242 |
T17617 |
T17613 |
punct |
/,1α |
R4243 |
T17618 |
T17613 |
punct |
−,1α |
R4244 |
T17619 |
T17613 |
cc |
and,1α |
R4245 |
T17620 |
T17621 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R4246 |
T17621 |
T17613 |
conj |
1α,1α |
R4247 |
T17622 |
T17621 |
punct |
-,1α |
R4248 |
T17623 |
T17621 |
punct |
+,1α |
R4249 |
T17624 |
T17621 |
punct |
/,1α |
R4250 |
T17625 |
T17621 |
punct |
+,1α |
R4251 |
T17626 |
T17610 |
prep |
before,isolated |
R4252 |
T17627 |
T17626 |
cc |
and,before |
R4253 |
T17628 |
T17626 |
conj |
after,before |
R4254 |
T17629 |
T17630 |
compound |
cold,exposure |
R4255 |
T17630 |
T17628 |
pobj |
exposure,after |
R4256 |
T17631 |
T17632 |
punct |
(,data |
R4257 |
T17632 |
T17601 |
meta |
data,indicated |
R4258 |
T17633 |
T17632 |
amod |
unpublished,data |
R4259 |
T17634 |
T17632 |
punct |
),data |
R4260 |
T17635 |
T17601 |
punct |
.,indicated |
R4261 |
T17637 |
T17638 |
prep |
In,were |
R4262 |
T17639 |
T17637 |
pobj |
addition,In |
R4263 |
T17640 |
T17638 |
punct |
", ",were |
R4264 |
T17641 |
T17638 |
nsubj |
levels,were |
R4265 |
T17642 |
T17641 |
prep |
of,levels |
R4266 |
T17643 |
T17644 |
compound |
BAT,triglyceride |
R4267 |
T17644 |
T17642 |
pobj |
triglyceride,of |
R4268 |
T17645 |
T17638 |
acomp |
similar,were |
R4269 |
T17646 |
T17638 |
prep |
between,were |
R4270 |
T17647 |
T17648 |
det |
the,genotypes |
R4271 |
T17648 |
T17646 |
pobj |
genotypes,between |
R4272 |
T17649 |
T17648 |
nummod |
two,genotypes |
R4273 |
T17650 |
T17651 |
punct |
(,data |
R4274 |
T17651 |
T17638 |
meta |
data,were |
R4275 |
T17652 |
T17651 |
amod |
unpublished,data |
R4276 |
T17653 |
T17651 |
punct |
),data |
R4277 |
T17654 |
T17638 |
punct |
.,were |
R4278 |
T17656 |
T17657 |
nsubj |
UCP,is |
R4279 |
T17658 |
T17656 |
punct |
-,UCP |
R4280 |
T17659 |
T17656 |
nummod |
1,UCP |
R4281 |
T17660 |
T17661 |
det |
a,protein |
R4282 |
T17661 |
T17657 |
attr |
protein,is |
R4283 |
T17662 |
T17663 |
npadvmod |
cold,inducible |
R4284 |
T17663 |
T17661 |
amod |
inducible,protein |
R4285 |
T17664 |
T17663 |
punct |
-,inducible |
R4286 |
T17665 |
T17661 |
acl |
involved,protein |
R4287 |
T17666 |
T17665 |
prep |
in,involved |
R4288 |
T17667 |
T17668 |
amod |
mitochondrial,uncoupling |
R4289 |
T17668 |
T17666 |
pobj |
uncoupling,in |
R4290 |
T17669 |
T17668 |
amod |
respiratory,uncoupling |
R4291 |
T17670 |
T17671 |
aux |
to,generate |
R4292 |
T17671 |
T17665 |
advcl |
generate,involved |
R4293 |
T17672 |
T17671 |
dobj |
heat,generate |
R4294 |
T17673 |
T17671 |
prep |
in,generate |
R4295 |
T17674 |
T17673 |
pobj |
BAT,in |
R4296 |
T17675 |
T17657 |
punct |
.,is |
R4297 |
T17677 |
T17678 |
nmod |
UCP,transcription |
R4298 |
T17678 |
T17682 |
nsubjpass |
transcription,known |
R4299 |
T17679 |
T17677 |
punct |
-,UCP |
R4300 |
T17680 |
T17677 |
nummod |
1,UCP |
R4301 |
T17681 |
T17678 |
compound |
gene,transcription |
R4302 |
T17683 |
T17682 |
auxpass |
is,known |
R4303 |
T17684 |
T17685 |
aux |
to,activated |
R4304 |
T17685 |
T17682 |
xcomp |
activated,known |
R4305 |
T17686 |
T17685 |
auxpass |
be,activated |
R4306 |
T17687 |
T17685 |
agent |
by,activated |
R4307 |
T17688 |
T17689 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R4308 |
T17689 |
T17687 |
pobj |
1α,by |
R4309 |
T17690 |
T17689 |
punct |
-,1α |
R4310 |
T17691 |
T17692 |
punct |
[,2 |
R4311 |
T17692 |
T17682 |
parataxis |
2,known |
R4312 |
T17693 |
T17692 |
punct |
],2 |
R4313 |
T17694 |
T17682 |
punct |
.,known |
R4314 |
T17696 |
T17697 |
advmod |
Surprisingly,were |
R4315 |
T17698 |
T17697 |
punct |
", ",were |
R4316 |
T17699 |
T17700 |
amod |
basal,levels |
R4317 |
T17700 |
T17697 |
nsubj |
levels,were |
R4318 |
T17701 |
T17699 |
cc |
and,basal |
R4319 |
T17702 |
T17703 |
npadvmod |
cold,induced |
R4320 |
T17703 |
T17699 |
conj |
induced,basal |
R4321 |
T17704 |
T17703 |
punct |
-,induced |
R4322 |
T17705 |
T17700 |
nmod |
BAT,levels |
R4323 |
T17706 |
T17700 |
nmod |
UCP,levels |
R4324 |
T17707 |
T17706 |
punct |
-,UCP |
R4325 |
T17708 |
T17706 |
nummod |
1,UCP |
R4326 |
T17709 |
T17700 |
compound |
mRNA,levels |
R4327 |
T17710 |
T17697 |
acomp |
similar,were |
R4328 |
T17711 |
T17697 |
prep |
in,were |
R4329 |
T17712 |
T17713 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R4330 |
T17713 |
T17715 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R4331 |
T17714 |
T17713 |
punct |
-,1α |
R4332 |
T17715 |
T17711 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R4333 |
T17716 |
T17713 |
punct |
+,1α |
R4334 |
T17717 |
T17713 |
punct |
/,1α |
R4335 |
T17718 |
T17713 |
punct |
+,1α |
R4336 |
T17719 |
T17713 |
cc |
and,1α |
R4337 |
T17720 |
T17721 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R4338 |
T17721 |
T17713 |
conj |
1α,1α |
R4339 |
T17722 |
T17721 |
punct |
-,1α |
R4340 |
T17723 |
T17721 |
punct |
−,1α |
R4341 |
T17724 |
T17721 |
punct |
/,1α |
R4342 |
T17725 |
T17721 |
punct |
−,1α |
R4343 |
T17726 |
T17727 |
punct |
(,6B |
R4344 |
T17727 |
T17697 |
parataxis |
6B,were |
R4345 |
T17728 |
T17727 |
compound |
Figure,6B |
R4346 |
T17729 |
T17727 |
punct |
),6B |
R4347 |
T17730 |
T17697 |
punct |
.,were |
R4348 |
T17732 |
T17733 |
det |
These,results |
R4349 |
T17733 |
T17734 |
nsubj |
results,suggest |
R4350 |
T17735 |
T17736 |
mark |
that,is |
R4351 |
T17736 |
T17734 |
advcl |
is,suggest |
R4352 |
T17737 |
T17738 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R4353 |
T17738 |
T17736 |
nsubj |
1α,is |
R4354 |
T17739 |
T17738 |
punct |
-,1α |
R4355 |
T17740 |
T17736 |
neg |
not,is |
R4356 |
T17741 |
T17736 |
acomp |
necessary,is |
R4357 |
T17742 |
T17741 |
prep |
for,necessary |
R4358 |
T17743 |
T17744 |
det |
the,induction |
R4359 |
T17744 |
T17742 |
pobj |
induction,for |
R4360 |
T17745 |
T17744 |
prep |
of,induction |
R4361 |
T17746 |
T17747 |
det |
the,expression |
R4362 |
T17747 |
T17745 |
pobj |
expression,of |
R4363 |
T17748 |
T17747 |
prep |
of,expression |
R4364 |
T17749 |
T17748 |
pobj |
UCP,of |
R4365 |
T17750 |
T17749 |
punct |
-,UCP |
R4366 |
T17751 |
T17749 |
nummod |
1,UCP |
R4367 |
T17752 |
T17744 |
prep |
with,induction |
R4368 |
T17753 |
T17754 |
compound |
cold,exposure |
R4369 |
T17754 |
T17752 |
pobj |
exposure,with |
R4370 |
T17755 |
T17736 |
punct |
", ",is |
R4371 |
T17756 |
T17736 |
cc |
and,is |
R4372 |
T17757 |
T17758 |
mark |
that,contribute |
R4373 |
T17758 |
T17736 |
conj |
contribute,is |
R4374 |
T17759 |
T17760 |
amod |
other,factors |
R4375 |
T17760 |
T17758 |
nsubj |
factors,contribute |
R4376 |
T17761 |
T17760 |
punct |
", ",factors |
R4377 |
T17762 |
T17763 |
amod |
such,as |
R4378 |
T17763 |
T17760 |
prep |
as,factors |
R4379 |
T17764 |
T17765 |
amod |
reduced,capacity |
R4380 |
T17765 |
T17763 |
pobj |
capacity,as |
R4381 |
T17766 |
T17765 |
prep |
for,capacity |
R4382 |
T17767 |
T17768 |
amod |
mitochondrial,respiration |
R4383 |
T17768 |
T17766 |
pobj |
respiration,for |
R4384 |
T17769 |
T17758 |
punct |
", ",contribute |
R4385 |
T17770 |
T17758 |
advmod |
likely,contribute |
R4386 |
T17771 |
T17758 |
prep |
to,contribute |
R4387 |
T17772 |
T17773 |
det |
the,response |
R4388 |
T17773 |
T17771 |
pobj |
response,to |
R4389 |
T17774 |
T17773 |
amod |
abnormal,response |
R4390 |
T17775 |
T17773 |
amod |
thermogenic,response |
R4391 |
T17776 |
T17758 |
prep |
in,contribute |
R4392 |
T17777 |
T17778 |
det |
the,mice |
R4393 |
T17778 |
T17776 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R4394 |
T17779 |
T17780 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R4395 |
T17780 |
T17778 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R4396 |
T17781 |
T17780 |
punct |
-,1α |
R4397 |
T17782 |
T17780 |
punct |
−,1α |
R4398 |
T17783 |
T17780 |
punct |
/,1α |
R4399 |
T17784 |
T17780 |
punct |
−,1α |
R4400 |
T17785 |
T17734 |
punct |
.,suggest |
R4401 |
T17787 |
T17788 |
nsubj |
Thermogenesis,is |
R4402 |
T17789 |
T17787 |
prep |
in,Thermogenesis |
R4403 |
T17790 |
T17789 |
pobj |
rodents,in |
R4404 |
T17791 |
T17787 |
acl |
related,Thermogenesis |
R4405 |
T17792 |
T17791 |
prep |
to,related |
R4406 |
T17793 |
T17794 |
amod |
mitochondrial,uncoupling |
R4407 |
T17794 |
T17792 |
pobj |
uncoupling,to |
R4408 |
T17795 |
T17788 |
prep |
under,is |
R4409 |
T17796 |
T17797 |
det |
the,control |
R4410 |
T17797 |
T17795 |
pobj |
control,under |
R4411 |
T17798 |
T17797 |
prep |
of,control |
R4412 |
T17799 |
T17800 |
npadvmod |
β3,adrenergic |
R4413 |
T17800 |
T17802 |
amod |
adrenergic,receptor |
R4414 |
T17801 |
T17800 |
punct |
-,adrenergic |
R4415 |
T17802 |
T17803 |
npadvmod |
receptor,coupled |
R4416 |
T17803 |
T17804 |
amod |
coupled,signaling |
R4417 |
T17804 |
T17798 |
pobj |
signaling,of |
R4418 |
T17805 |
T17788 |
punct |
.,is |
R4419 |
T17807 |
T17808 |
advmod |
Accordingly,examined |
R4420 |
T17809 |
T17808 |
punct |
", ",examined |
R4421 |
T17810 |
T17811 |
det |
the,response |
R4422 |
T17811 |
T17808 |
nsubjpass |
response,examined |
R4423 |
T17812 |
T17813 |
advmod |
in,vivo |
R4424 |
T17813 |
T17811 |
amod |
vivo,response |
R4425 |
T17814 |
T17815 |
compound |
oxygen,consumption |
R4426 |
T17815 |
T17811 |
compound |
consumption,response |
R4427 |
T17816 |
T17811 |
prep |
to,response |
R4428 |
T17817 |
T17818 |
npadvmod |
β3,adrenergic |
R4429 |
T17818 |
T17820 |
amod |
adrenergic,stimulation |
R4430 |
T17819 |
T17818 |
punct |
-,adrenergic |
R4431 |
T17820 |
T17816 |
pobj |
stimulation,to |
R4432 |
T17821 |
T17808 |
auxpass |
was,examined |
R4433 |
T17822 |
T17808 |
prep |
in,examined |
R4434 |
T17823 |
T17824 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R4435 |
T17824 |
T17826 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R4436 |
T17825 |
T17824 |
punct |
-,1α |
R4437 |
T17826 |
T17822 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R4438 |
T17827 |
T17824 |
punct |
−,1α |
R4439 |
T17828 |
T17824 |
punct |
/,1α |
R4440 |
T17829 |
T17824 |
punct |
−,1α |
R4441 |
T17830 |
T17808 |
punct |
.,examined |
R4442 |
T17832 |
T17833 |
prep |
For,measured |
R4443 |
T17834 |
T17835 |
det |
these,experiments |
R4444 |
T17835 |
T17832 |
pobj |
experiments,For |
R4445 |
T17836 |
T17833 |
punct |
", ",measured |
R4446 |
T17837 |
T17833 |
nsubjpass |
VO2,measured |
R4447 |
T17838 |
T17837 |
punct |
(,VO2 |
R4448 |
T17839 |
T17840 |
compound |
oxygen,consumption |
R4449 |
T17840 |
T17837 |
appos |
consumption,VO2 |
R4450 |
T17841 |
T17837 |
punct |
),VO2 |
R4451 |
T17842 |
T17833 |
auxpass |
was,measured |
R4452 |
T17843 |
T17833 |
prep |
following,measured |
R4453 |
T17844 |
T17843 |
pobj |
administration,following |
R4454 |
T17845 |
T17844 |
prep |
of,administration |
R4455 |
T17846 |
T17847 |
det |
the,agonist |
R4456 |
T17847 |
T17845 |
pobj |
agonist,of |
R4457 |
T17848 |
T17847 |
compound |
β3,agonist |
R4458 |
T17849 |
T17847 |
punct |
-,agonist |
R4459 |
T17850 |
T17847 |
appos |
BRL,agonist |
R4460 |
T17851 |
T17850 |
nummod |
37344,BRL |
R4461 |
T17852 |
T17833 |
advcl |
using,measured |
R4462 |
T17853 |
T17854 |
amod |
indirect,calorimetry |
R4463 |
T17854 |
T17852 |
dobj |
calorimetry,using |
R4464 |
T17855 |
T17833 |
punct |
.,measured |
R4465 |
T17857 |
T17858 |
nsubjpass |
VO2,increased |
R4466 |
T17859 |
T17858 |
auxpass |
was,increased |
R4467 |
T17860 |
T17858 |
advmod |
significantly,increased |
R4468 |
T17861 |
T17858 |
prep |
in,increased |
R4469 |
T17862 |
T17861 |
pobj |
response,in |
R4470 |
T17863 |
T17862 |
prep |
to,response |
R4471 |
T17864 |
T17863 |
pobj |
BRL,to |
R4472 |
T17865 |
T17864 |
nummod |
3744,BRL |
R4473 |
T17866 |
T17858 |
prep |
in,increased |
R4474 |
T17867 |
T17868 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R4475 |
T17868 |
T17870 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R4476 |
T17869 |
T17868 |
punct |
-,1α |
R4477 |
T17870 |
T17866 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R4478 |
T17871 |
T17868 |
punct |
+,1α |
R4479 |
T17872 |
T17868 |
punct |
/,1α |
R4480 |
T17873 |
T17868 |
punct |
+,1α |
R4481 |
T17874 |
T17868 |
cc |
but,1α |
R4482 |
T17875 |
T17874 |
neg |
not,but |
R4483 |
T17876 |
T17877 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R4484 |
T17877 |
T17868 |
conj |
1α,1α |
R4485 |
T17878 |
T17877 |
punct |
-,1α |
R4486 |
T17879 |
T17877 |
punct |
−,1α |
R4487 |
T17880 |
T17877 |
punct |
/,1α |
R4488 |
T17881 |
T17877 |
punct |
−,1α |
R4489 |
T17882 |
T17883 |
punct |
(,6C |
R4490 |
T17915 |
T17913 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R4491 |
T17883 |
T17858 |
parataxis |
6C,increased |
R4492 |
T17916 |
T17917 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R4493 |
T17884 |
T17883 |
compound |
Figure,6C |
R4494 |
T17917 |
T17919 |
npadvmod |
1α,null |
R4495 |
T17918 |
T17917 |
punct |
-,1α |
R4496 |
T17919 |
T17915 |
amod |
null,mice |
R4497 |
T17885 |
T17883 |
punct |
),6C |
R4498 |
T17920 |
T17892 |
punct |
", ",altered |
R4499 |
T17921 |
T17922 |
advmod |
likely,related |
R4500 |
T17886 |
T17858 |
punct |
.,increased |
R4501 |
T17922 |
T17892 |
advcl |
related,altered |
R4502 |
T17923 |
T17922 |
prep |
to,related |
R4503 |
T17888 |
T17889 |
det |
These,results |
R4504 |
T17924 |
T17925 |
amod |
reduced,capacity |
R4505 |
T17925 |
T17923 |
pobj |
capacity,to |
R4506 |
T17926 |
T17925 |
prep |
for,capacity |
R4507 |
T17889 |
T17890 |
nsubj |
results,indicate |
R4508 |
T17927 |
T17928 |
amod |
mitochondrial,uncoupling |
R4509 |
T17928 |
T17926 |
pobj |
uncoupling,for |
R4510 |
T17929 |
T17928 |
amod |
respiratory,uncoupling |
R4511 |
T17891 |
T17892 |
mark |
that,altered |
R4512 |
T17930 |
T17890 |
punct |
.,indicate |
R4513 |
T17892 |
T17890 |
ccomp |
altered,indicate |
R4514 |
T17893 |
T17894 |
det |
the,response |
R4515 |
T17894 |
T17892 |
nsubjpass |
response,altered |
R4516 |
T17895 |
T17894 |
amod |
metabolic,response |
R4517 |
T17896 |
T17894 |
prep |
of,response |
R4518 |
T17897 |
T17896 |
pobj |
BAT,of |
R4519 |
T17898 |
T17894 |
prep |
to,response |
R4520 |
T17899 |
T17900 |
det |
an,stimulus |
R4521 |
T17900 |
T17898 |
pobj |
stimulus,to |
R4522 |
T17901 |
T17900 |
amod |
acute,stimulus |
R4523 |
T17902 |
T17903 |
amod |
such,as |
R4524 |
T17903 |
T17900 |
prep |
as,stimulus |
R4525 |
T17904 |
T17905 |
amod |
cold,stimulation |
R4526 |
T17905 |
T17903 |
pobj |
stimulation,as |
R4527 |
T17906 |
T17904 |
cc |
and,cold |
R4528 |
T17907 |
T17906 |
punct |
/,and |
R4529 |
T17908 |
T17906 |
cc |
or,and |
R4530 |
T17909 |
T17910 |
npadvmod |
β3,adrenergic |
R4531 |
T17910 |
T17904 |
conj |
adrenergic,cold |
R4532 |
T17911 |
T17910 |
punct |
-,adrenergic |
R4533 |
T17912 |
T17892 |
auxpass |
is,altered |
R4534 |
T17913 |
T17892 |
prep |
in,altered |
R4535 |
T17914 |
T17915 |
det |
the,mice |
R4536 |
T20245 |
T20246 |
npadvmod |
Fasting,Induced |
R4537 |
T20246 |
T20248 |
amod |
Induced,Steatosis |
R4538 |
T20247 |
T20246 |
punct |
-,Induced |
R4539 |
T20249 |
T20248 |
amod |
Hepatic,Steatosis |
R4540 |
T20250 |
T20248 |
prep |
in,Steatosis |
R4541 |
T20251 |
T20252 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R4542 |
T20252 |
T20254 |
nmod |
1α,Mice |
R4543 |
T20253 |
T20252 |
punct |
-,1α |
R4544 |
T20254 |
T20250 |
pobj |
Mice,in |
R4545 |
T20255 |
T20252 |
punct |
−,1α |
R4546 |
T20256 |
T20252 |
punct |
/,1α |
R4547 |
T20257 |
T20252 |
punct |
−,1α |
R4548 |
T20259 |
T20260 |
amod |
Previous,studies |
R4549 |
T20260 |
T20261 |
nsubj |
studies,implicated |
R4550 |
T20262 |
T20261 |
aux |
have,implicated |
R4551 |
T20263 |
T20264 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R4552 |
T20264 |
T20261 |
dobj |
1α,implicated |
R4553 |
T20265 |
T20264 |
punct |
-,1α |
R4554 |
T20266 |
T20261 |
prep |
in,implicated |
R4555 |
T20267 |
T20268 |
amod |
several,functions |
R4556 |
T20268 |
T20266 |
pobj |
functions,in |
R4557 |
T20269 |
T20268 |
amod |
hepatic,functions |
R4558 |
T20270 |
T20268 |
amod |
metabolic,functions |
R4559 |
T20271 |
T20268 |
prep |
including,functions |
R4560 |
T20272 |
T20273 |
amod |
fatty,acid |
R4561 |
T20273 |
T20274 |
compound |
acid,oxidation |
R4562 |
T20274 |
T20271 |
pobj |
oxidation,including |
R4563 |
T20275 |
T20274 |
cc |
and,oxidation |
R4564 |
T20276 |
T20274 |
conj |
gluconeogenesis,oxidation |
R4565 |
T20277 |
T20278 |
punct |
[,21 |
R4566 |
T20278 |
T20261 |
parataxis |
21,implicated |
R4567 |
T20279 |
T20278 |
nummod |
18,21 |
R4568 |
T20280 |
T20278 |
punct |
",",21 |
R4569 |
T20281 |
T20278 |
nummod |
19,21 |
R4570 |
T20282 |
T20278 |
punct |
",",21 |
R4571 |
T20283 |
T20278 |
nummod |
20,21 |
R4572 |
T20284 |
T20278 |
punct |
",",21 |
R4573 |
T20285 |
T20278 |
punct |
],21 |
R4574 |
T20286 |
T20261 |
punct |
.,implicated |
R4575 |
T20288 |
T20289 |
advmod |
Accordingly,evaluated |
R4576 |
T20290 |
T20289 |
punct |
", ",evaluated |
R4577 |
T20291 |
T20292 |
det |
the,phenotype |
R4578 |
T20292 |
T20289 |
nsubjpass |
phenotype,evaluated |
R4579 |
T20293 |
T20292 |
amod |
hepatic,phenotype |
R4580 |
T20294 |
T20289 |
auxpass |
was,evaluated |
R4581 |
T20295 |
T20289 |
prep |
under,evaluated |
R4582 |
T20296 |
T20297 |
amod |
basal,conditions |
R4583 |
T20297 |
T20295 |
pobj |
conditions,under |
R4584 |
T20298 |
T20295 |
cc |
and,under |
R4585 |
T20299 |
T20295 |
conj |
following,under |
R4586 |
T20300 |
T20301 |
det |
a,fast |
R4587 |
T20301 |
T20299 |
pobj |
fast,following |
R4588 |
T20302 |
T20303 |
nummod |
24,h |
R4589 |
T20303 |
T20301 |
compound |
h,fast |
R4590 |
T20304 |
T20303 |
punct |
-,h |
R4591 |
T20305 |
T20301 |
punct |
", ",fast |
R4592 |
T20306 |
T20307 |
det |
a,stimulus |
R4593 |
T20307 |
T20301 |
appos |
stimulus,fast |
R4594 |
T20308 |
T20307 |
acl |
known,stimulus |
R4595 |
T20309 |
T20310 |
aux |
to,induce |
R4596 |
T20310 |
T20308 |
xcomp |
induce,known |
R4597 |
T20311 |
T20312 |
amod |
fatty,acid |
R4598 |
T20312 |
T20313 |
compound |
acid,oxidation |
R4599 |
T20313 |
T20310 |
dobj |
oxidation,induce |
R4600 |
T20314 |
T20313 |
cc |
and,oxidation |
R4601 |
T20315 |
T20316 |
amod |
gluconeogenic,rates |
R4602 |
T20316 |
T20313 |
conj |
rates,oxidation |
R4603 |
T20317 |
T20310 |
prep |
in,induce |
R4604 |
T20318 |
T20317 |
pobj |
liver,in |
R4605 |
T20319 |
T20289 |
punct |
.,evaluated |
R4606 |
T20321 |
T20322 |
prep |
Under,appeared |
R4607 |
T20323 |
T20324 |
amod |
basal,conditions |
R4608 |
T20324 |
T20321 |
pobj |
conditions,Under |
R4609 |
T20325 |
T20324 |
amod |
fed,conditions |
R4610 |
T20326 |
T20322 |
punct |
", ",appeared |
R4611 |
T20327 |
T20328 |
det |
the,livers |
R4612 |
T20328 |
T20322 |
nsubj |
livers,appeared |
R4613 |
T20329 |
T20328 |
prep |
of,livers |
R4614 |
T20330 |
T20331 |
det |
the,mice |
R4615 |
T20331 |
T20329 |
pobj |
mice,of |
R4616 |
T20332 |
T20333 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R4617 |
T20333 |
T20331 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R4618 |
T20334 |
T20333 |
punct |
-,1α |
R4619 |
T20335 |
T20333 |
punct |
−,1α |
R4620 |
T20336 |
T20333 |
punct |
/,1α |
R4621 |
T20337 |
T20333 |
punct |
−,1α |
R4622 |
T20338 |
T20339 |
advmod |
grossly,normal |
R4623 |
T20339 |
T20322 |
oprd |
normal,appeared |
R4624 |
T20340 |
T20322 |
cc |
and,appeared |
R4625 |
T20341 |
T20342 |
aux |
did,exhibit |
R4626 |
T20342 |
T20322 |
conj |
exhibit,appeared |
R4627 |
T20343 |
T20342 |
neg |
not,exhibit |
R4628 |
T20344 |
T20345 |
amod |
histologic,abnormalities |
R4629 |
T20345 |
T20342 |
dobj |
abnormalities,exhibit |
R4630 |
T20346 |
T20347 |
punct |
(,data |
R4631 |
T20347 |
T20342 |
meta |
data,exhibit |
R4632 |
T20348 |
T20347 |
amod |
unpublished,data |
R4633 |
T20349 |
T20347 |
punct |
),data |
R4634 |
T20350 |
T20322 |
punct |
.,appeared |
R4635 |
T20352 |
T20353 |
advmod |
However,exhibited |
R4636 |
T20354 |
T20353 |
punct |
", ",exhibited |
R4637 |
T20355 |
T20353 |
prep |
following,exhibited |
R4638 |
T20356 |
T20357 |
det |
a,fast |
R4639 |
T20357 |
T20355 |
pobj |
fast,following |
R4640 |
T20358 |
T20359 |
nummod |
24,h |
R4641 |
T20359 |
T20357 |
compound |
h,fast |
R4642 |
T20360 |
T20357 |
punct |
-,fast |
R4643 |
T20361 |
T20353 |
punct |
", ",exhibited |
R4644 |
T20362 |
T20363 |
det |
the,mice |
R4645 |
T20363 |
T20353 |
nsubj |
mice,exhibited |
R4646 |
T20364 |
T20365 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R4647 |
T20365 |
T20363 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R4648 |
T20366 |
T20365 |
punct |
-,1α |
R4649 |
T20367 |
T20365 |
punct |
−,1α |
R4650 |
T20368 |
T20365 |
punct |
/,1α |
R4651 |
T20369 |
T20365 |
punct |
−,1α |
R4652 |
T20370 |
T20371 |
amod |
marked,steatosis |
R4653 |
T20371 |
T20353 |
dobj |
steatosis,exhibited |
R4654 |
T20372 |
T20371 |
amod |
hepatic,steatosis |
R4655 |
T20373 |
T20374 |
mark |
as,determined |
R4656 |
T20374 |
T20353 |
advcl |
determined,exhibited |
R4657 |
T20375 |
T20374 |
agent |
by,determined |
R4658 |
T20376 |
T20377 |
amod |
gross,inspection |
R4659 |
T20377 |
T20375 |
pobj |
inspection,by |
R4660 |
T20378 |
T20377 |
punct |
", ",inspection |
R4661 |
T20379 |
T20380 |
nmod |
oil,O |
R4662 |
T20380 |
T20382 |
compound |
O,staining |
R4663 |
T20381 |
T20380 |
amod |
red,O |
R4664 |
T20382 |
T20377 |
conj |
staining,inspection |
R4665 |
T20383 |
T20382 |
punct |
", ",staining |
R4666 |
T20384 |
T20385 |
compound |
electron,microscopy |
R4667 |
T20385 |
T20382 |
conj |
microscopy,staining |
R4668 |
T20386 |
T20385 |
punct |
", ",microscopy |
R4669 |
T20387 |
T20385 |
cc |
and,microscopy |
R4670 |
T20388 |
T20385 |
conj |
measurements,microscopy |
R4671 |
T20389 |
T20388 |
prep |
of,measurements |
R4672 |
T20390 |
T20391 |
nmod |
liver,levels |
R4673 |
T20391 |
T20389 |
pobj |
levels,of |
R4674 |
T20392 |
T20391 |
nmod |
triglyceride,levels |
R4675 |
T20393 |
T20392 |
punct |
(,triglyceride |
R4676 |
T20394 |
T20392 |
appos |
TAG,triglyceride |
R4677 |
T20395 |
T20391 |
punct |
),levels |
R4678 |
T20396 |
T20397 |
punct |
(,Figure |
R4679 |
T20397 |
T20353 |
parataxis |
Figure,exhibited |
R4680 |
T20398 |
T20397 |
nummod |
7,Figure |
R4681 |
T20399 |
T20397 |
punct |
),Figure |
R4682 |
T20400 |
T20353 |
punct |
.,exhibited |
R4683 |
T20402 |
T20403 |
expl |
There,were |
R4684 |
T20404 |
T20405 |
det |
no,differences |
R4685 |
T20405 |
T20403 |
attr |
differences,were |
R4686 |
T20406 |
T20405 |
prep |
in,differences |
R4687 |
T20407 |
T20408 |
compound |
plasma,triglycerides |
R4688 |
T20408 |
T20406 |
pobj |
triglycerides,in |
R4689 |
T20409 |
T20408 |
cc |
or,triglycerides |
R4690 |
T20410 |
T20411 |
amod |
free,acids |
R4691 |
T20411 |
T20408 |
conj |
acids,triglycerides |
R4692 |
T20412 |
T20411 |
amod |
fatty,acids |
R4693 |
T20413 |
T20405 |
prep |
between,differences |
R4694 |
T20414 |
T20415 |
det |
the,genotypes |
R4695 |
T20415 |
T20413 |
pobj |
genotypes,between |
R4696 |
T20416 |
T20415 |
prep |
in,genotypes |
R4697 |
T20417 |
T20418 |
amod |
fed,states |
R4698 |
T20418 |
T20416 |
pobj |
states,in |
R4699 |
T20419 |
T20417 |
cc |
or,fed |
R4700 |
T20420 |
T20417 |
conj |
fasted,fed |
R4701 |
T20421 |
T20422 |
punct |
(,data |
R4702 |
T20422 |
T20403 |
meta |
data,were |
R4703 |
T20423 |
T20422 |
amod |
unpublished,data |
R4704 |
T20424 |
T20422 |
punct |
),data |
R4705 |
T20425 |
T20403 |
punct |
.,were |
R4706 |
T20427 |
T20428 |
aux |
To,investigate |
R4707 |
T20428 |
T20430 |
advcl |
investigate,isolated |
R4708 |
T20429 |
T20428 |
advmod |
further,investigate |
R4709 |
T20431 |
T20432 |
det |
the,mechanisms |
R4710 |
T20432 |
T20428 |
dobj |
mechanisms,investigate |
R4711 |
T20433 |
T20432 |
acl |
involved,mechanisms |
R4712 |
T20434 |
T20433 |
prep |
in,involved |
R4713 |
T20435 |
T20436 |
det |
the,response |
R4714 |
T20436 |
T20434 |
pobj |
response,in |
R4715 |
T20437 |
T20438 |
npadvmod |
fasting,induced |
R4716 |
T20438 |
T20436 |
amod |
induced,response |
R4717 |
T20439 |
T20438 |
punct |
-,induced |
R4718 |
T20440 |
T20436 |
amod |
hepatic,response |
R4719 |
T20441 |
T20436 |
amod |
steatotic,response |
R4720 |
T20442 |
T20430 |
punct |
", ",isolated |
R4721 |
T20443 |
T20430 |
nsubjpass |
hepatocytes,isolated |
R4722 |
T20444 |
T20430 |
auxpass |
were,isolated |
R4723 |
T20445 |
T20430 |
prep |
from,isolated |
R4724 |
T20446 |
T20447 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R4725 |
T20447 |
T20449 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R4726 |
T20448 |
T20447 |
punct |
-,1α |
R4727 |
T20449 |
T20445 |
pobj |
mice,from |
R4728 |
T20450 |
T20447 |
punct |
−,1α |
R4729 |
T20451 |
T20447 |
punct |
/,1α |
R4730 |
T20452 |
T20447 |
punct |
−,1α |
R4731 |
T20453 |
T20449 |
cc |
and,mice |
R4732 |
T20454 |
T20455 |
compound |
WT,controls |
R4733 |
T20455 |
T20449 |
conj |
controls,mice |
R4734 |
T20456 |
T20430 |
punct |
.,isolated |
R4735 |
T20458 |
T20459 |
compound |
Oleate,loading |
R4736 |
T20459 |
T20460 |
compound |
loading,experiments |
R4737 |
T20460 |
T20461 |
nsubj |
experiments,revealed |
R4738 |
T20541 |
T20542 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R4739 |
T20462 |
T20463 |
mark |
that,accumulated |
R4740 |
T20542 |
T20544 |
nmod |
1α,hepatocytes |
R4741 |
T20463 |
T20461 |
ccomp |
accumulated,revealed |
R4742 |
T20543 |
T20542 |
punct |
-,1α |
R4743 |
T20544 |
T20540 |
pobj |
hepatocytes,in |
R4744 |
T20545 |
T20542 |
punct |
−,1α |
R4745 |
T20546 |
T20542 |
punct |
/,1α |
R4746 |
T20547 |
T20542 |
punct |
−,1α |
R4747 |
T20464 |
T20465 |
det |
the,hepatocytes |
R4748 |
T20548 |
T20549 |
dep |
that,results |
R4749 |
T20549 |
T20536 |
relcl |
results,defect |
R4750 |
T20550 |
T20549 |
prep |
in,results |
R4751 |
T20551 |
T20552 |
det |
an,inability |
R4752 |
T20465 |
T20463 |
nsubj |
hepatocytes,accumulated |
R4753 |
T20552 |
T20550 |
pobj |
inability,in |
R4754 |
T20466 |
T20467 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R4755 |
T20553 |
T20554 |
aux |
to,maintain |
R4756 |
T20467 |
T20465 |
nmod |
1α,hepatocytes |
R4757 |
T20554 |
T20552 |
acl |
maintain,inability |
R4758 |
T20555 |
T20556 |
amod |
cellular,balance |
R4759 |
T20468 |
T20467 |
punct |
-,1α |
R4760 |
T20556 |
T20554 |
dobj |
balance,maintain |
R4761 |
T20557 |
T20556 |
compound |
lipid,balance |
R4762 |
T20558 |
T20554 |
prep |
in,maintain |
R4763 |
T20469 |
T20467 |
punct |
−,1α |
R4764 |
T20559 |
T20560 |
det |
the,context |
R4765 |
T20560 |
T20558 |
pobj |
context,in |
R4766 |
T20561 |
T20560 |
prep |
of,context |
R4767 |
T20470 |
T20467 |
punct |
/,1α |
R4768 |
T20562 |
T20563 |
amod |
increased,delivery |
R4769 |
T20563 |
T20561 |
pobj |
delivery,of |
R4770 |
T20471 |
T20467 |
punct |
−,1α |
R4771 |
T20564 |
T20563 |
prep |
of,delivery |
R4772 |
T20565 |
T20564 |
pobj |
lipid,of |
R4773 |
T20472 |
T20473 |
amod |
neutral,lipid |
R4774 |
T20566 |
T20563 |
amod |
such,delivery |
R4775 |
T20567 |
T20568 |
mark |
as,occurs |
R4776 |
T20568 |
T20566 |
advcl |
occurs,such |
R4777 |
T20473 |
T20463 |
dobj |
lipid,accumulated |
R4778 |
T20569 |
T20568 |
prep |
with,occurs |
R4779 |
T20570 |
T20569 |
pobj |
fasting,with |
R4780 |
T20474 |
T20463 |
prep |
to,accumulated |
R4781 |
T20571 |
T20529 |
punct |
.,indicate |
R4782 |
T20573 |
T20574 |
nsubj |
PPAR,is |
R4783 |
T20475 |
T20476 |
det |
a,extent |
R4784 |
T20575 |
T20573 |
punct |
", ",PPAR |
R4785 |
T20576 |
T20577 |
det |
a,regulator |
R4786 |
T20476 |
T20474 |
pobj |
extent,to |
R4787 |
T20577 |
T20573 |
appos |
regulator,PPAR |
R4788 |
T20578 |
T20577 |
amod |
known,regulator |
R4789 |
T20477 |
T20478 |
advmod |
significantly,greater |
R4790 |
T20579 |
T20577 |
prep |
of,regulator |
R4791 |
T20580 |
T20581 |
amod |
hepatic,enzyme |
R4792 |
T20581 |
T20586 |
compound |
enzyme,expression |
R4793 |
T20478 |
T20476 |
amod |
greater,extent |
R4794 |
T20582 |
T20581 |
amod |
mitochondrial,enzyme |
R4795 |
T20583 |
T20584 |
amod |
fatty,acid |
R4796 |
T20584 |
T20585 |
compound |
acid,oxidation |
R4797 |
T20585 |
T20581 |
compound |
oxidation,enzyme |
R4798 |
T20586 |
T20579 |
pobj |
expression,of |
R4799 |
T20587 |
T20586 |
compound |
gene,expression |
R4800 |
T20479 |
T20476 |
prep |
than,extent |
R4801 |
T20588 |
T20574 |
punct |
", ",is |
R4802 |
T20589 |
T20590 |
det |
a,target |
R4803 |
T20590 |
T20574 |
attr |
target,is |
R4804 |
T20480 |
T20481 |
det |
the,cells |
R4805 |
T20591 |
T20590 |
prep |
for,target |
R4806 |
T20592 |
T20591 |
pobj |
coactivation,for |
R4807 |
T20593 |
T20592 |
prep |
by,coactivation |
R4808 |
T20481 |
T20479 |
pobj |
cells,than |
R4809 |
T20594 |
T20595 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R4810 |
T20595 |
T20593 |
pobj |
1α,by |
R4811 |
T20596 |
T20595 |
punct |
-,1α |
R4812 |
T20482 |
T20481 |
compound |
WT,cells |
R4813 |
T20597 |
T20598 |
punct |
[,31 |
R4814 |
T20598 |
T20574 |
parataxis |
31,is |
R4815 |
T20483 |
T20484 |
punct |
(,8A |
R4816 |
T20599 |
T20598 |
punct |
],31 |
R4817 |
T20600 |
T20574 |
punct |
.,is |
R4818 |
T20484 |
T20463 |
parataxis |
8A,accumulated |
R4819 |
T20602 |
T20603 |
advmod |
Therefore,sought |
R4820 |
T20604 |
T20603 |
punct |
", ",sought |
R4821 |
T20485 |
T20484 |
compound |
Figure,8A |
R4822 |
T20605 |
T20603 |
nsubj |
we,sought |
R4823 |
T20606 |
T20607 |
aux |
to,determine |
R4824 |
T20607 |
T20603 |
xcomp |
determine,sought |
R4825 |
T20486 |
T20484 |
punct |
),8A |
R4826 |
T20608 |
T20609 |
mark |
whether,related |
R4827 |
T20609 |
T20607 |
ccomp |
related,determine |
R4828 |
T20487 |
T20461 |
punct |
.,revealed |
R4829 |
T20610 |
T20611 |
det |
the,phenotype |
R4830 |
T20611 |
T20609 |
nsubj |
phenotype,related |
R4831 |
T20612 |
T20611 |
amod |
steatotic,phenotype |
R4832 |
T20489 |
T20490 |
compound |
3H,palmitate |
R4833 |
T20613 |
T20611 |
prep |
of,phenotype |
R4834 |
T20614 |
T20615 |
det |
the,mice |
R4835 |
T20615 |
T20613 |
pobj |
mice,of |
R4836 |
T20616 |
T20617 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R4837 |
T20490 |
T20492 |
compound |
palmitate,oxidation |
R4838 |
T20617 |
T20615 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R4839 |
T20618 |
T20617 |
punct |
-,1α |
R4840 |
T20491 |
T20490 |
punct |
-,palmitate |
R4841 |
T20619 |
T20617 |
punct |
−,1α |
R4842 |
T20620 |
T20617 |
punct |
/,1α |
R4843 |
T20621 |
T20617 |
punct |
−,1α |
R4844 |
T20492 |
T20493 |
compound |
oxidation,rates |
R4845 |
T20622 |
T20609 |
prep |
to,related |
R4846 |
T20623 |
T20624 |
amod |
reduced,expression |
R4847 |
T20624 |
T20622 |
pobj |
expression,to |
R4848 |
T20625 |
T20624 |
prep |
of,expression |
R4849 |
T20626 |
T20627 |
compound |
PPAR,genes |
R4850 |
T20493 |
T20494 |
nsubj |
rates,were |
R4851 |
T20627 |
T20625 |
pobj |
genes,of |
R4852 |
T20628 |
T20627 |
compound |
target,genes |
R4853 |
T20629 |
T20603 |
punct |
.,sought |
R4854 |
T20495 |
T20496 |
advmod |
significantly,lower |
R4855 |
T20631 |
T20632 |
prep |
To,performed |
R4856 |
T20633 |
T20634 |
det |
this,end |
R4857 |
T20496 |
T20494 |
acomp |
lower,were |
R4858 |
T20634 |
T20631 |
pobj |
end,To |
R4859 |
T20635 |
T20632 |
punct |
", ",performed |
R4860 |
T20636 |
T20637 |
det |
a,survey |
R4861 |
T20497 |
T20494 |
prep |
in,were |
R4862 |
T20637 |
T20632 |
nsubjpass |
survey,performed |
R4863 |
T20638 |
T20637 |
prep |
of,survey |
R4864 |
T20639 |
T20640 |
compound |
candidate,genes |
R4865 |
T20498 |
T20499 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R4866 |
T20499 |
T20501 |
nmod |
1α,hepatocytes |
R4867 |
T20640 |
T20638 |
pobj |
genes,of |
R4868 |
T20500 |
T20499 |
punct |
-,1α |
R4869 |
T20641 |
T20637 |
cc |
and,survey |
R4870 |
T20642 |
T20643 |
compound |
gene,expression |
R4871 |
T20501 |
T20497 |
pobj |
hepatocytes,in |
R4872 |
T20643 |
T20644 |
compound |
expression,profiling |
R4873 |
T20644 |
T20645 |
compound |
profiling,experiments |
R4874 |
T20502 |
T20499 |
punct |
−,1α |
R4875 |
T20645 |
T20637 |
conj |
experiments,survey |
R4876 |
T20646 |
T20632 |
auxpass |
were,performed |
R4877 |
T20503 |
T20499 |
punct |
/,1α |
R4878 |
T20504 |
T20499 |
punct |
−,1α |
R4879 |
T20647 |
T20632 |
punct |
.,performed |
R4880 |
T20505 |
T20494 |
prep |
compared,were |
R4881 |
T20649 |
T20650 |
advmod |
Surprisingly,were |
R4882 |
T20506 |
T20505 |
prep |
to,compared |
R4883 |
T20507 |
T20508 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R4884 |
T20508 |
T20510 |
nmod |
1α,hepatocytes |
R4885 |
T20651 |
T20650 |
punct |
", ",were |
R4886 |
T20509 |
T20508 |
punct |
-,1α |
R4887 |
T20652 |
T20653 |
det |
the,expression |
R4888 |
T20653 |
T20650 |
nsubj |
expression,were |
R4889 |
T20510 |
T20506 |
pobj |
hepatocytes,to |
R4890 |
T20654 |
T20653 |
amod |
hepatic,expression |
R4891 |
T20655 |
T20653 |
prep |
of,expression |
R4892 |
T20511 |
T20508 |
punct |
+,1α |
R4893 |
T20656 |
T20657 |
compound |
PPAR,genes |
R4894 |
T20657 |
T20655 |
pobj |
genes,of |
R4895 |
T20512 |
T20508 |
punct |
/,1α |
R4896 |
T20658 |
T20657 |
compound |
target,genes |
R4897 |
T20659 |
T20657 |
acl |
involved,genes |
R4898 |
T20660 |
T20659 |
prep |
in,involved |
R4899 |
T20661 |
T20662 |
amod |
cellular,acid |
R4900 |
T20662 |
T20660 |
pobj |
acid,in |
R4901 |
T20513 |
T20508 |
punct |
+,1α |
R4902 |
T20663 |
T20662 |
amod |
fatty,acid |
R4903 |
T20664 |
T20662 |
cc |
and,acid |
R4904 |
T20665 |
T20662 |
conj |
oxidation,acid |
R4905 |
T20514 |
T20494 |
prep |
under,were |
R4906 |
T20666 |
T20657 |
punct |
(,genes |
R4907 |
T20667 |
T20657 |
appos |
MCPT,genes |
R4908 |
T20668 |
T20667 |
cc |
and,MCPT |
R4909 |
T20515 |
T20516 |
amod |
basal,conditions |
R4910 |
T20669 |
T20667 |
conj |
MCAD,MCPT |
R4911 |
T20670 |
T20650 |
punct |
),were |
R4912 |
T20516 |
T20514 |
pobj |
conditions,under |
R4913 |
T20671 |
T20650 |
neg |
not,were |
R4914 |
T20672 |
T20673 |
advmod |
significantly,different |
R4915 |
T20673 |
T20650 |
acomp |
different,were |
R4916 |
T20517 |
T20514 |
cc |
and,under |
R4917 |
T20674 |
T20673 |
prep |
between,different |
R4918 |
T20675 |
T20676 |
det |
the,genotypes |
R4919 |
T20676 |
T20674 |
pobj |
genotypes,between |
R4920 |
T20518 |
T20514 |
conj |
following,under |
R4921 |
T20677 |
T20650 |
prep |
under,were |
R4922 |
T20678 |
T20679 |
amod |
fed,conditions |
R4923 |
T20679 |
T20677 |
pobj |
conditions,under |
R4924 |
T20519 |
T20518 |
pobj |
exposure,following |
R4925 |
T20680 |
T20678 |
cc |
or,fed |
R4926 |
T20681 |
T20678 |
conj |
fasted,fed |
R4927 |
T20520 |
T20519 |
prep |
to,exposure |
R4928 |
T20682 |
T20683 |
punct |
(,Table |
R4929 |
T20683 |
T20650 |
parataxis |
Table,were |
R4930 |
T20684 |
T20683 |
nummod |
2,Table |
R4931 |
T20521 |
T20520 |
pobj |
oleate,to |
R4932 |
T20685 |
T20683 |
punct |
),Table |
R4933 |
T20686 |
T20650 |
punct |
.,were |
R4934 |
T20522 |
T20523 |
punct |
(,8B |
R4935 |
T20688 |
T20689 |
advmod |
Next,performed |
R4936 |
T20523 |
T20494 |
parataxis |
8B,were |
R4937 |
T20690 |
T20689 |
punct |
", ",performed |
R4938 |
T20691 |
T20689 |
nsubj |
we,performed |
R4939 |
T20524 |
T20523 |
compound |
Figure,8B |
R4940 |
T20692 |
T20689 |
dobj |
experiments,performed |
R4941 |
T20693 |
T20694 |
aux |
to,determine |
R4942 |
T20694 |
T20689 |
advcl |
determine,performed |
R4943 |
T20525 |
T20523 |
punct |
),8B |
R4944 |
T20695 |
T20696 |
mark |
whether,related |
R4945 |
T20696 |
T20694 |
ccomp |
related,determine |
R4946 |
T20526 |
T20494 |
punct |
.,were |
R4947 |
T20697 |
T20698 |
det |
the,capacity |
R4948 |
T20698 |
T20696 |
nsubjpass |
capacity,related |
R4949 |
T20528 |
T20529 |
advcl |
Taken,indicate |
R4950 |
T20699 |
T20698 |
amod |
reduced,capacity |
R4951 |
T20700 |
T20698 |
prep |
for,capacity |
R4952 |
T20701 |
T20702 |
compound |
fat,oxidation |
R4953 |
T20702 |
T20700 |
pobj |
oxidation,for |
R4954 |
T20530 |
T20528 |
advmod |
together,Taken |
R4955 |
T20703 |
T20698 |
prep |
in,capacity |
R4956 |
T20704 |
T20705 |
det |
the,hepatocytes |
R4957 |
T20705 |
T20703 |
pobj |
hepatocytes,in |
R4958 |
T20706 |
T20705 |
prep |
of,hepatocytes |
R4959 |
T20707 |
T20708 |
det |
the,mice |
R4960 |
T20531 |
T20529 |
punct |
", ",indicate |
R4961 |
T20708 |
T20706 |
pobj |
mice,of |
R4962 |
T20709 |
T20710 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R4963 |
T20710 |
T20708 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R4964 |
T20532 |
T20533 |
det |
these,results |
R4965 |
T20711 |
T20710 |
punct |
-,1α |
R4966 |
T20712 |
T20710 |
punct |
−,1α |
R4967 |
T20713 |
T20710 |
punct |
/,1α |
R4968 |
T20533 |
T20529 |
nsubj |
results,indicate |
R4969 |
T20714 |
T20710 |
punct |
−,1α |
R4970 |
T20715 |
T20696 |
auxpass |
was,related |
R4971 |
T20716 |
T20696 |
prep |
to,related |
R4972 |
T20534 |
T20533 |
amod |
latter,results |
R4973 |
T20717 |
T20718 |
amod |
altered,function |
R4974 |
T20718 |
T20716 |
pobj |
function,to |
R4975 |
T20535 |
T20536 |
det |
a,defect |
R4976 |
T20719 |
T20718 |
amod |
mitochondrial,function |
R4977 |
T20720 |
T20718 |
amod |
respiratory,function |
R4978 |
T20721 |
T20689 |
punct |
.,performed |
R4979 |
T20536 |
T20529 |
dobj |
defect,indicate |
R4980 |
T20723 |
T20724 |
prep |
Compared,exhibited |
R4981 |
T20537 |
T20538 |
npadvmod |
cell,autonomous |
R4982 |
T20725 |
T20723 |
prep |
to,Compared |
R4983 |
T20726 |
T20727 |
det |
the,controls |
R4984 |
T20538 |
T20536 |
amod |
autonomous,defect |
R4985 |
T20539 |
T20538 |
punct |
-,autonomous |
R4986 |
T20727 |
T20725 |
pobj |
controls,to |
R4987 |
T20540 |
T20536 |
prep |
in,defect |
R4988 |
T20728 |
T20727 |
compound |
WT,controls |
R4989 |
T20729 |
T20724 |
punct |
", ",exhibited |
R4990 |
T20753 |
T20752 |
compound |
Figure,8C |
R4991 |
T20730 |
T20731 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R4992 |
T20731 |
T20733 |
nmod |
1α,hepatocytes |
R4993 |
T20732 |
T20731 |
punct |
-,1α |
R4994 |
T20754 |
T20752 |
punct |
),8C |
R4995 |
T20733 |
T20724 |
nsubj |
hepatocytes,exhibited |
R4996 |
T20734 |
T20731 |
punct |
−,1α |
R4997 |
T20755 |
T20724 |
punct |
.,exhibited |
R4998 |
T20735 |
T20731 |
punct |
/,1α |
R4999 |
T20736 |
T20731 |
punct |
−,1α |
R5000 |
T20737 |
T20738 |
det |
a,reduction |
R5001 |
T20757 |
T20758 |
det |
These,results |
R5002 |
T20738 |
T20724 |
dobj |
reduction,exhibited |
R5003 |
T20739 |
T20738 |
amod |
modest,reduction |
R5004 |
T20740 |
T20739 |
cc |
but,modest |
R5005 |
T20741 |
T20739 |
conj |
significant,modest |
R5006 |
T20742 |
T20738 |
prep |
in,reduction |
R5007 |
T20743 |
T20744 |
preconj |
both,state |
R5008 |
T20758 |
T20759 |
nsubj |
results,identify |
R5009 |
T20744 |
T20745 |
nmod |
state,rates |
R5010 |
T20745 |
T20742 |
pobj |
rates,in |
R5011 |
T20746 |
T20744 |
nummod |
2,state |
R5012 |
T20760 |
T20761 |
nummod |
one,mechanism |
R5013 |
T20747 |
T20744 |
cc |
and,state |
R5014 |
T20748 |
T20744 |
conj |
state,state |
R5015 |
T20749 |
T20748 |
nummod |
3,state |
R5016 |
T20750 |
T20745 |
compound |
respiration,rates |
R5017 |
T20761 |
T20759 |
dobj |
mechanism,identify |
R5018 |
T20751 |
T20752 |
punct |
(,8C |
R5019 |
T20752 |
T20724 |
parataxis |
8C,exhibited |
R5020 |
T20762 |
T20761 |
amod |
potential,mechanism |
R5021 |
T20763 |
T20761 |
amod |
responsible,mechanism |
R5022 |
T20764 |
T20763 |
prep |
for,responsible |
R5023 |
T20858 |
T20855 |
punct |
(,desaturase |
R5024 |
T20859 |
T20855 |
appos |
SCD1,desaturase |
R5025 |
T20765 |
T20766 |
det |
the,steatosis |
R5026 |
T20860 |
T20837 |
punct |
),abolished |
R5027 |
T20861 |
T20837 |
punct |
", ",abolished |
R5028 |
T20766 |
T20764 |
pobj |
steatosis,for |
R5029 |
T20862 |
T20837 |
auxpass |
was,abolished |
R5030 |
T20863 |
T20837 |
prep |
in,abolished |
R5031 |
T20864 |
T20865 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R5032 |
T20767 |
T20768 |
npadvmod |
fasting,induced |
R5033 |
T20865 |
T20867 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R5034 |
T20866 |
T20865 |
punct |
-,1α |
R5035 |
T20867 |
T20863 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R5036 |
T20768 |
T20766 |
amod |
induced,steatosis |
R5037 |
T20868 |
T20865 |
punct |
−,1α |
R5038 |
T20869 |
T20865 |
punct |
/,1α |
R5039 |
T20769 |
T20768 |
punct |
-,induced |
R5040 |
T20870 |
T20865 |
punct |
−,1α |
R5041 |
T20871 |
T20872 |
punct |
(,Table |
R5042 |
T20872 |
T20837 |
parataxis |
Table,abolished |
R5043 |
T20770 |
T20766 |
amod |
hepatic,steatosis |
R5044 |
T20873 |
T20872 |
nummod |
2,Table |
R5045 |
T20874 |
T20872 |
punct |
),Table |
R5046 |
T20875 |
T20837 |
punct |
.,abolished |
R5047 |
T20771 |
T20761 |
punct |
: ,mechanism |
R5048 |
T20877 |
T20878 |
advmod |
Furthermore,activated |
R5049 |
T20772 |
T20773 |
amod |
reduced,capacity |
R5050 |
T20879 |
T20878 |
punct |
", ",activated |
R5051 |
T20880 |
T20878 |
nsubjpass |
expression,activated |
R5052 |
T20773 |
T20761 |
appos |
capacity,mechanism |
R5053 |
T20881 |
T20880 |
prep |
of,expression |
R5054 |
T20882 |
T20883 |
det |
the,gene |
R5055 |
T20883 |
T20881 |
pobj |
gene,of |
R5056 |
T20884 |
T20883 |
acl |
encoding,gene |
R5057 |
T20885 |
T20886 |
compound |
diglyceride,acyltransferase |
R5058 |
T20774 |
T20773 |
prep |
for,capacity |
R5059 |
T20886 |
T20884 |
dobj |
acyltransferase,encoding |
R5060 |
T20887 |
T20886 |
punct |
(,acyltransferase |
R5061 |
T20888 |
T20886 |
appos |
DGAT,acyltransferase |
R5062 |
T20775 |
T20776 |
compound |
fat,oxidation |
R5063 |
T20889 |
T20886 |
punct |
),acyltransferase |
R5064 |
T20890 |
T20886 |
punct |
", ",acyltransferase |
R5065 |
T20891 |
T20892 |
dep |
which,catalyzes |
R5066 |
T20776 |
T20774 |
pobj |
oxidation,for |
R5067 |
T20892 |
T20886 |
relcl |
catalyzes,acyltransferase |
R5068 |
T20893 |
T20894 |
det |
the,step |
R5069 |
T20894 |
T20892 |
dobj |
step,catalyzes |
R5070 |
T20777 |
T20773 |
prep |
due,capacity |
R5071 |
T20895 |
T20894 |
amod |
last,step |
R5072 |
T20896 |
T20894 |
prep |
in,step |
R5073 |
T20778 |
T20777 |
pcomp |
to,due |
R5074 |
T20897 |
T20898 |
compound |
TAG,synthesis |
R5075 |
T20779 |
T20780 |
amod |
mitochondrial,dysfunction |
R5076 |
T20898 |
T20896 |
pobj |
synthesis,in |
R5077 |
T20899 |
T20878 |
punct |
", ",activated |
R5078 |
T20780 |
T20777 |
pobj |
dysfunction,due |
R5079 |
T20900 |
T20878 |
auxpass |
was,activated |
R5080 |
T20901 |
T20878 |
prep |
at,activated |
R5081 |
T20902 |
T20901 |
pobj |
baseline,at |
R5082 |
T20781 |
T20780 |
amod |
respiratory,dysfunction |
R5083 |
T20903 |
T20878 |
cc |
and,activated |
R5084 |
T20904 |
T20878 |
conj |
induced,activated |
R5085 |
T20905 |
T20904 |
agent |
by,induced |
R5086 |
T20782 |
T20759 |
punct |
.,identify |
R5087 |
T20906 |
T20905 |
pobj |
fasting,by |
R5088 |
T20907 |
T20904 |
prep |
to,induced |
R5089 |
T20784 |
T20785 |
mark |
Although,reveal |
R5090 |
T20908 |
T20909 |
det |
a,level |
R5091 |
T20909 |
T20907 |
pobj |
level,to |
R5092 |
T20910 |
T20909 |
amod |
greater,level |
R5093 |
T20911 |
T20904 |
prep |
in,induced |
R5094 |
T20785 |
T20794 |
advcl |
reveal,noted |
R5095 |
T20912 |
T20913 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R5096 |
T20913 |
T20915 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R5097 |
T20914 |
T20913 |
punct |
-,1α |
R5098 |
T20915 |
T20911 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R5099 |
T20786 |
T20787 |
det |
the,studies |
R5100 |
T20916 |
T20913 |
punct |
−,1α |
R5101 |
T20917 |
T20913 |
punct |
/,1α |
R5102 |
T20787 |
T20785 |
nsubj |
studies,reveal |
R5103 |
T20918 |
T20913 |
punct |
−,1α |
R5104 |
T20919 |
T20920 |
punct |
(,Table |
R5105 |
T20920 |
T20904 |
parataxis |
Table,induced |
R5106 |
T20921 |
T20920 |
nummod |
2,Table |
R5107 |
T20922 |
T20920 |
punct |
),Table |
R5108 |
T20923 |
T20878 |
punct |
.,activated |
R5109 |
T20788 |
T20789 |
compound |
liver,gene |
R5110 |
T20925 |
T20926 |
det |
These,results |
R5111 |
T20926 |
T20927 |
nsubj |
results,suggest |
R5112 |
T20789 |
T20790 |
compound |
gene,profiling |
R5113 |
T20928 |
T20929 |
mark |
that,activated |
R5114 |
T20790 |
T20787 |
compound |
profiling,studies |
R5115 |
T20929 |
T20927 |
ccomp |
activated,suggest |
R5116 |
T20930 |
T20929 |
punct |
", ",activated |
R5117 |
T20931 |
T20929 |
prep |
in,activated |
R5118 |
T20932 |
T20931 |
pobj |
addition,in |
R5119 |
T20791 |
T20790 |
compound |
expression,profiling |
R5120 |
T20933 |
T20932 |
prep |
to,addition |
R5121 |
T20934 |
T20935 |
det |
a,defect |
R5122 |
T20935 |
T20933 |
pobj |
defect,to |
R5123 |
T20792 |
T20785 |
aux |
did,reveal |
R5124 |
T20936 |
T20935 |
prep |
in,defect |
R5125 |
T20937 |
T20936 |
pobj |
oxidation,in |
R5126 |
T20793 |
T20785 |
neg |
not,reveal |
R5127 |
T20938 |
T20929 |
punct |
", ",activated |
R5128 |
T20939 |
T20929 |
nsubjpass |
components,activated |
R5129 |
T20940 |
T20939 |
prep |
of,components |
R5130 |
T20795 |
T20785 |
dobj |
abnormalities,reveal |
R5131 |
T20941 |
T20942 |
det |
the,pathway |
R5132 |
T20942 |
T20940 |
pobj |
pathway,of |
R5133 |
T20943 |
T20944 |
compound |
TAG,synthesis |
R5134 |
T20944 |
T20942 |
compound |
synthesis,pathway |
R5135 |
T20945 |
T20929 |
auxpass |
are,activated |
R5136 |
T20796 |
T20795 |
prep |
in,abnormalities |
R5137 |
T20946 |
T20929 |
prep |
in,activated |
R5138 |
T20947 |
T20948 |
det |
the,mice |
R5139 |
T20948 |
T20946 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R5140 |
T20797 |
T20798 |
det |
the,pathway |
R5141 |
T20949 |
T20950 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R5142 |
T20950 |
T20948 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R5143 |
T20951 |
T20950 |
punct |
-,1α |
R5144 |
T20798 |
T20796 |
pobj |
pathway,in |
R5145 |
T20952 |
T20950 |
punct |
−,1α |
R5146 |
T20953 |
T20950 |
punct |
/,1α |
R5147 |
T20954 |
T20950 |
punct |
−,1α |
R5148 |
T20799 |
T20800 |
amod |
fatty,acid |
R5149 |
T20955 |
T20927 |
punct |
.,suggest |
R5150 |
T20957 |
T20958 |
aux |
To,evaluate |
R5151 |
T20800 |
T20801 |
compound |
acid,oxidation |
R5152 |
T20958 |
T20959 |
advcl |
evaluate,determined |
R5153 |
T20960 |
T20961 |
det |
this,possibility |
R5154 |
T20801 |
T20798 |
compound |
oxidation,pathway |
R5155 |
T20961 |
T20958 |
dobj |
possibility,evaluate |
R5156 |
T20962 |
T20958 |
advmod |
directly,evaluate |
R5157 |
T20802 |
T20785 |
prep |
in,reveal |
R5158 |
T20803 |
T20804 |
det |
the,mice |
R5159 |
T20963 |
T20959 |
punct |
", ",determined |
R5160 |
T20964 |
T20959 |
nsubjpass |
rates,determined |
R5161 |
T20965 |
T20964 |
prep |
of,rates |
R5162 |
T20804 |
T20802 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R5163 |
T20966 |
T20967 |
compound |
3H,glycerol |
R5164 |
T20967 |
T20969 |
compound |
glycerol,incorporation |
R5165 |
T20968 |
T20967 |
punct |
-,glycerol |
R5166 |
T20805 |
T20806 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R5167 |
T20969 |
T20965 |
pobj |
incorporation,of |
R5168 |
T20970 |
T20969 |
prep |
into,incorporation |
R5169 |
T20806 |
T20804 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R5170 |
T20971 |
T20970 |
pobj |
TAG,into |
R5171 |
T20972 |
T20959 |
auxpass |
were,determined |
R5172 |
T20973 |
T20959 |
prep |
in,determined |
R5173 |
T20974 |
T20975 |
amod |
isolated,hepatocytes |
R5174 |
T20807 |
T20806 |
punct |
-,1α |
R5175 |
T20975 |
T20973 |
pobj |
hepatocytes,in |
R5176 |
T20976 |
T20959 |
punct |
.,determined |
R5177 |
T20808 |
T20806 |
punct |
−,1α |
R5178 |
T20978 |
T20979 |
compound |
3H,TAG |
R5179 |
T20979 |
T20981 |
compound |
TAG,incorporation |
R5180 |
T20809 |
T20806 |
punct |
/,1α |
R5181 |
T20980 |
T20979 |
punct |
-,TAG |
R5182 |
T20981 |
T20982 |
nsubjpass |
incorporation,increased |
R5183 |
T20810 |
T20806 |
punct |
−,1α |
R5184 |
T20983 |
T20982 |
auxpass |
was,increased |
R5185 |
T20811 |
T20794 |
punct |
", ",noted |
R5186 |
T20984 |
T20985 |
advmod |
nearly,50 |
R5187 |
T20985 |
T20986 |
nummod |
50,% |
R5188 |
T20812 |
T20813 |
amod |
several,differences |
R5189 |
T20986 |
T20982 |
npadvmod |
%,increased |
R5190 |
T20987 |
T20982 |
prep |
in,increased |
R5191 |
T20988 |
T20987 |
pobj |
hepatocytes,in |
R5192 |
T20813 |
T20794 |
nsubjpass |
differences,noted |
R5193 |
T20989 |
T20988 |
acl |
isolated,hepatocytes |
R5194 |
T20990 |
T20989 |
prep |
from,isolated |
R5195 |
T20991 |
T20992 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R5196 |
T20814 |
T20813 |
amod |
interesting,differences |
R5197 |
T20992 |
T20994 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R5199 |
T20815 |
T20813 |
prep |
in,differences |
R5200 |
T20994 |
T20990 |
pobj |
mice,from |
R5201 |
T20995 |
T20992 |
punct |
−,1α |
R5202 |
T20996 |
T20992 |
punct |
/,1α |
R5203 |
T20816 |
T20817 |
det |
the,activity |
R5204 |
T20997 |
T20992 |
punct |
−,1α |
R5205 |
T20998 |
T20982 |
prep |
compared,increased |
R5206 |
T20999 |
T20998 |
prep |
to,compared |
R5207 |
T20817 |
T20815 |
pobj |
activity,in |
R5208 |
T21000 |
T21001 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R5209 |
T21001 |
T21003 |
nmod |
1α,controls |
R5210 |
T21002 |
T21001 |
punct |
-,1α |
R5211 |
T21003 |
T20999 |
pobj |
controls,to |
R5212 |
T21004 |
T21001 |
punct |
+,1α |
R5213 |
T20818 |
T20817 |
prep |
of,activity |
R5214 |
T21005 |
T21001 |
punct |
/,1α |
R5215 |
T21006 |
T21001 |
punct |
+,1α |
R5216 |
T21007 |
T21008 |
punct |
(,8D |
R5217 |
T21008 |
T20982 |
parataxis |
8D,increased |
R5218 |
T20819 |
T20820 |
det |
the,pathway |
R5219 |
T21009 |
T21008 |
compound |
Figure,8D |
R5220 |
T20820 |
T20818 |
pobj |
pathway,of |
R5221 |
T21010 |
T21008 |
punct |
),8D |
R5222 |
T21011 |
T20982 |
punct |
", ",increased |
R5223 |
T21012 |
T20982 |
advcl |
confirming,increased |
R5224 |
T21013 |
T21014 |
mark |
that,increased |
R5225 |
T21014 |
T21012 |
ccomp |
increased,confirming |
R5226 |
T20821 |
T20822 |
nmod |
sterol,protein |
R5227 |
T21015 |
T21016 |
compound |
TAG,synthesis |
R5228 |
T21016 |
T21017 |
compound |
synthesis,rates |
R5229 |
T21017 |
T21014 |
nsubjpass |
rates,increased |
R5230 |
T20822 |
T20826 |
nmod |
protein,1c |
R5231 |
T21018 |
T21014 |
auxpass |
are,increased |
R5232 |
T21019 |
T21014 |
prep |
in,increased |
R5233 |
T21020 |
T21021 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R5234 |
T20823 |
T20822 |
amod |
regulatory,protein |
R5235 |
T21021 |
T21023 |
npadvmod |
1α,null |
R5236 |
T21022 |
T21021 |
punct |
-,1α |
R5237 |
T21023 |
T21024 |
amod |
null,hepatocytes |
R5238 |
T20824 |
T20822 |
nmod |
element,protein |
R5239 |
T21024 |
T21019 |
pobj |
hepatocytes,in |
R5240 |
T21025 |
T21014 |
punct |
", ",increased |
R5241 |
T21026 |
T21014 |
advcl |
identifying,increased |
R5242 |
T20825 |
T20822 |
nmod |
binding,protein |
R5243 |
T21027 |
T21028 |
det |
a,mechanism |
R5244 |
T21028 |
T21026 |
dobj |
mechanism,identifying |
R5245 |
T21029 |
T21028 |
amod |
second,mechanism |
R5246 |
T20826 |
T20820 |
nmod |
1c,pathway |
R5247 |
T21030 |
T21028 |
amod |
potential,mechanism |
R5248 |
T21031 |
T21028 |
acl |
contributing,mechanism |
R5249 |
T21032 |
T21031 |
prep |
to,contributing |
R5250 |
T20827 |
T20826 |
punct |
-,1c |
R5251 |
T21033 |
T21034 |
det |
the,steatosis |
R5252 |
T21034 |
T21032 |
pobj |
steatosis,to |
R5253 |
T20828 |
T20826 |
punct |
(,1c |
R5254 |
T20829 |
T20830 |
compound |
SREBP,1c |
R5255 |
T21035 |
T21036 |
npadvmod |
fasting,induced |
R5256 |
T20830 |
T20826 |
appos |
1c,1c |
R5257 |
T21036 |
T21034 |
amod |
induced,steatosis |
R5258 |
T21037 |
T21036 |
punct |
-,induced |
R5259 |
T20831 |
T20830 |
punct |
-,1c |
R5260 |
T21038 |
T21034 |
amod |
hepatic,steatosis |
R5261 |
T21039 |
T20982 |
punct |
.,increased |
R5262 |
T20832 |
T20820 |
punct |
),pathway |
R5263 |
T20833 |
T20794 |
auxpass |
were,noted |
R5264 |
T20834 |
T20794 |
punct |
.,noted |
R5265 |
T20836 |
T20837 |
advmod |
Specifically,abolished |
R5266 |
T20838 |
T20837 |
punct |
", ",abolished |
R5267 |
T20839 |
T20840 |
det |
the,regulation |
R5268 |
T20840 |
T20837 |
nsubjpass |
regulation,abolished |
R5269 |
T20841 |
T20842 |
npadvmod |
fasting,mediated |
R5270 |
T20842 |
T20840 |
amod |
mediated,regulation |
R5271 |
T20843 |
T20842 |
punct |
-,mediated |
R5272 |
T20844 |
T20840 |
compound |
down,regulation |
R5273 |
T20845 |
T20840 |
punct |
-,regulation |
R5274 |
T20846 |
T20840 |
prep |
of,regulation |
R5275 |
T20847 |
T20848 |
compound |
SREBP,1c |
R5276 |
T20848 |
T20846 |
pobj |
1c,of |
R5277 |
T20849 |
T20848 |
punct |
-,1c |
R5278 |
T20850 |
T20848 |
cc |
and,1c |
R5279 |
T20851 |
T20852 |
poss |
its,gene |
R5280 |
T20852 |
T20848 |
conj |
gene,1c |
R5281 |
T20853 |
T20852 |
compound |
target,gene |
R5282 |
T20854 |
T20855 |
compound |
stearoyl,desaturase |
R5283 |
T20855 |
T20852 |
appos |
desaturase,gene |
R5284 |
T20856 |
T20855 |
punct |
-,desaturase |
R5285 |
T20857 |
T20855 |
compound |
CoA,desaturase |
R5286 |
T22539 |
T22540 |
prep |
Despite,Exhibit |
R5287 |
T22541 |
T22542 |
det |
a,Phenotype |
R5288 |
T22542 |
T22539 |
pobj |
Phenotype,Despite |
R5289 |
T22543 |
T22544 |
amod |
Mild,Obese |
R5290 |
T22544 |
T22542 |
amod |
Obese,Phenotype |
R5291 |
T22545 |
T22540 |
punct |
", ",Exhibit |
R5292 |
T22546 |
T22547 |
amod |
Female,Mice |
R5293 |
T22547 |
T22540 |
nsubj |
Mice,Exhibit |
R5294 |
T22548 |
T22549 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R5295 |
T22549 |
T22547 |
nmod |
1α,Mice |
R5296 |
T22550 |
T22549 |
punct |
-,1α |
R5297 |
T22551 |
T22549 |
punct |
−,1α |
R5298 |
T22552 |
T22549 |
punct |
/,1α |
R5299 |
T22553 |
T22549 |
punct |
−,1α |
R5300 |
T22554 |
T22540 |
aux |
Do,Exhibit |
R5301 |
T22555 |
T22540 |
neg |
Not,Exhibit |
R5302 |
T22556 |
T22557 |
compound |
Insulin,Resistance |
R5303 |
T22557 |
T22540 |
dobj |
Resistance,Exhibit |
R5304 |
T22559 |
T22560 |
amod |
Recent,studies |
R5305 |
T22560 |
T22561 |
nsubj |
studies,suggested |
R5306 |
T22562 |
T22561 |
aux |
have,suggested |
R5307 |
T22563 |
T22564 |
mark |
that,influence |
R5308 |
T22564 |
T22561 |
advcl |
influence,suggested |
R5309 |
T22565 |
T22566 |
amod |
specific,1α |
R5310 |
T22566 |
T22564 |
nsubj |
1α,influence |
R5311 |
T22567 |
T22566 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R5312 |
T22568 |
T22566 |
punct |
-,1α |
R5313 |
T22569 |
T22570 |
amod |
single,nucleotide |
R5314 |
T22570 |
T22571 |
compound |
nucleotide,polymorphisms |
R5315 |
T22571 |
T22566 |
appos |
polymorphisms,1α |
R5316 |
T22572 |
T22571 |
cc |
and,polymorphisms |
R5317 |
T22573 |
T22571 |
conj |
haplotypes,polymorphisms |
R5318 |
T22574 |
T22564 |
aux |
may,influence |
R5319 |
T22575 |
T22576 |
det |
the,development |
R5320 |
T22576 |
T22564 |
dobj |
development,influence |
R5321 |
T22577 |
T22576 |
prep |
of,development |
R5322 |
T22578 |
T22579 |
compound |
insulin,resistance |
R5323 |
T22579 |
T22577 |
pobj |
resistance,of |
R5324 |
T22580 |
T22579 |
cc |
and,resistance |
R5325 |
T22581 |
T22579 |
conj |
diabetes,resistance |
R5326 |
T22582 |
T22583 |
punct |
[,30 |
R5327 |
T22583 |
T22564 |
parataxis |
30,influence |
R5328 |
T22584 |
T22583 |
nummod |
27,30 |
R5329 |
T22585 |
T22583 |
punct |
",",30 |
R5330 |
T22586 |
T22583 |
punct |
],30 |
R5331 |
T22587 |
T22564 |
cc |
and,influence |
R5332 |
T22588 |
T22589 |
mark |
that,diminished |
R5333 |
T22589 |
T22564 |
conj |
diminished,influence |
R5334 |
T22590 |
T22591 |
nmod |
PGC,activity |
R5335 |
T22591 |
T22589 |
nsubjpass |
activity,diminished |
R5336 |
T22592 |
T22590 |
punct |
-,PGC |
R5337 |
T22593 |
T22590 |
nummod |
1,PGC |
R5338 |
T22594 |
T22589 |
auxpass |
is,diminished |
R5339 |
T22595 |
T22589 |
prep |
in,diminished |
R5340 |
T22596 |
T22597 |
npadvmod |
insulin,resistant |
R5341 |
T22597 |
T22599 |
amod |
resistant,muscle |
R5342 |
T22598 |
T22597 |
punct |
-,resistant |
R5343 |
T22599 |
T22595 |
pobj |
muscle,in |
R5344 |
T22600 |
T22597 |
cc |
and,resistant |
R5345 |
T22601 |
T22597 |
conj |
diabetic,resistant |
R5346 |
T22602 |
T22603 |
punct |
[,23 |
R5347 |
T22603 |
T22589 |
parataxis |
23,diminished |
R5348 |
T22604 |
T22603 |
nummod |
22,23 |
R5349 |
T22605 |
T22603 |
punct |
",",23 |
R5350 |
T22606 |
T22603 |
punct |
],23 |
R5351 |
T22607 |
T22561 |
punct |
.,suggested |
R5352 |
T22609 |
T22610 |
advmod |
Accordingly,examined |
R5353 |
T22611 |
T22610 |
punct |
", ",examined |
R5354 |
T22612 |
T22613 |
amod |
peripheral,disposal |
R5355 |
T22613 |
T22610 |
nsubjpass |
disposal,examined |
R5356 |
T22614 |
T22613 |
compound |
glucose,disposal |
R5357 |
T22615 |
T22613 |
cc |
and,disposal |
R5358 |
T22616 |
T22617 |
compound |
insulin,responsiveness |
R5359 |
T22617 |
T22613 |
conj |
responsiveness,disposal |
R5360 |
T22618 |
T22610 |
auxpass |
were,examined |
R5361 |
T22619 |
T22610 |
prep |
in,examined |
R5362 |
T22620 |
T22621 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R5363 |
T22621 |
T22623 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R5364 |
T22622 |
T22621 |
punct |
-,1α |
R5365 |
T22623 |
T22619 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R5366 |
T22624 |
T22621 |
punct |
−,1α |
R5367 |
T22625 |
T22621 |
punct |
/,1α |
R5368 |
T22626 |
T22621 |
punct |
−,1α |
R5369 |
T22627 |
T22610 |
punct |
.,examined |
R5370 |
T22629 |
T22630 |
compound |
Glucose,tolerance |
R5371 |
T22630 |
T22631 |
compound |
tolerance,testing |
R5372 |
T22631 |
T22632 |
nsubj |
testing,revealed |
R5373 |
T22633 |
T22631 |
prep |
of,testing |
R5374 |
T22634 |
T22635 |
nummod |
2,mo |
R5375 |
T22635 |
T22637 |
npadvmod |
mo,old |
R5376 |
T22636 |
T22635 |
punct |
-,mo |
R5377 |
T22637 |
T22639 |
amod |
old,mice |
R5378 |
T22638 |
T22637 |
punct |
-,old |
R5379 |
T22639 |
T22633 |
pobj |
mice,of |
R5380 |
T22640 |
T22639 |
amod |
male,mice |
R5381 |
T22641 |
T22640 |
cc |
and,male |
R5382 |
T22642 |
T22640 |
conj |
female,male |
R5383 |
T22643 |
T22644 |
det |
no,difference |
R5384 |
T22644 |
T22632 |
dobj |
difference,revealed |
R5385 |
T22645 |
T22644 |
amod |
significant,difference |
R5386 |
T22646 |
T22644 |
prep |
in,difference |
R5387 |
T22647 |
T22648 |
compound |
blood,glucose |
R5388 |
T22648 |
T22649 |
compound |
glucose,excursion |
R5389 |
T22649 |
T22646 |
pobj |
excursion,in |
R5390 |
T22650 |
T22644 |
prep |
between,difference |
R5391 |
T22651 |
T22652 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R5392 |
T22652 |
T22654 |
nmod |
1α,groups |
R5393 |
T22653 |
T22652 |
punct |
-,1α |
R5394 |
T22654 |
T22650 |
pobj |
groups,between |
R5395 |
T22655 |
T22652 |
punct |
+,1α |
R5396 |
T22656 |
T22652 |
punct |
/,1α |
R5397 |
T22657 |
T22652 |
punct |
+,1α |
R5398 |
T22658 |
T22652 |
cc |
and,1α |
R5399 |
T22659 |
T22660 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R5400 |
T22660 |
T22652 |
conj |
1α,1α |
R5401 |
T22661 |
T22660 |
punct |
-,1α |
R5402 |
T22662 |
T22660 |
punct |
−,1α |
R5403 |
T22663 |
T22660 |
punct |
/,1α |
R5404 |
T22664 |
T22660 |
punct |
−,1α |
R5405 |
T22665 |
T22666 |
punct |
(,data |
R5406 |
T22666 |
T22632 |
meta |
data,revealed |
R5407 |
T22667 |
T22666 |
amod |
unpublished,data |
R5408 |
T22668 |
T22666 |
punct |
),data |
R5409 |
T22669 |
T22632 |
punct |
.,revealed |
R5410 |
T22671 |
T22672 |
prep |
Given,evaluated |
R5411 |
T22673 |
T22674 |
mark |
that,develop |
R5412 |
T22674 |
T22671 |
pcomp |
develop,Given |
R5413 |
T22675 |
T22676 |
amod |
older,mice |
R5414 |
T22676 |
T22674 |
nsubj |
mice,develop |
R5415 |
T22677 |
T22676 |
amod |
female,mice |
R5416 |
T22678 |
T22679 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R5417 |
T22679 |
T22676 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R5418 |
T22680 |
T22679 |
punct |
-,1α |
R5419 |
T22681 |
T22679 |
punct |
−,1α |
R5420 |
T22682 |
T22679 |
punct |
/,1α |
R5421 |
T22683 |
T22679 |
punct |
−,1α |
R5422 |
T22684 |
T22685 |
det |
an,increase |
R5423 |
T22685 |
T22674 |
dobj |
increase,develop |
R5424 |
T22686 |
T22685 |
prep |
in,increase |
R5425 |
T22687 |
T22688 |
compound |
body,fat |
R5426 |
T22688 |
T22689 |
compound |
fat,stores |
R5427 |
T22689 |
T22686 |
pobj |
stores,in |
R5428 |
T22690 |
T22672 |
punct |
", ",evaluated |
R5429 |
T22691 |
T22692 |
compound |
glucose,tolerance |
R5430 |
T22692 |
T22672 |
nsubjpass |
tolerance,evaluated |
R5431 |
T22693 |
T22692 |
cc |
and,tolerance |
R5432 |
T22694 |
T22695 |
compound |
insulin,responsiveness |
R5433 |
T22695 |
T22692 |
conj |
responsiveness,tolerance |
R5434 |
T22696 |
T22672 |
auxpass |
were,evaluated |
R5435 |
T22697 |
T22672 |
advmod |
further,evaluated |
R5436 |
T22698 |
T22672 |
prep |
in,evaluated |
R5437 |
T22699 |
T22700 |
det |
this,group |
R5438 |
T22700 |
T22698 |
pobj |
group,in |
R5439 |
T22701 |
T22672 |
punct |
.,evaluated |
R5440 |
T22703 |
T22704 |
compound |
Glucose,tolerance |
R5441 |
T22704 |
T22705 |
compound |
tolerance,testing |
R5442 |
T22705 |
T22706 |
nsubj |
testing,revealed |
R5443 |
T22707 |
T22705 |
prep |
in,testing |
R5444 |
T22708 |
T22709 |
nummod |
4.5,mo |
R5445 |
T22709 |
T22711 |
npadvmod |
mo,old |
R5446 |
T22710 |
T22709 |
punct |
-,mo |
R5447 |
T22711 |
T22713 |
amod |
old,mice |
R5448 |
T22712 |
T22711 |
punct |
-,old |
R5449 |
T22713 |
T22707 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R5450 |
T22714 |
T22713 |
amod |
female,mice |
R5451 |
T22715 |
T22716 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R5452 |
T22716 |
T22713 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R5453 |
T22717 |
T22716 |
punct |
-,1α |
R5454 |
T22718 |
T22716 |
punct |
−,1α |
R5455 |
T22719 |
T22716 |
punct |
/,1α |
R5456 |
T22720 |
T22716 |
punct |
−,1α |
R5457 |
T22721 |
T22722 |
mark |
that,exhibited |
R5458 |
T22722 |
T22706 |
ccomp |
exhibited,revealed |
R5459 |
T22723 |
T22722 |
punct |
", ",exhibited |
R5460 |
T22724 |
T22722 |
prep |
despite,exhibited |
R5461 |
T22725 |
T22726 |
amod |
increased,weight |
R5462 |
T22726 |
T22724 |
pobj |
weight,despite |
R5463 |
T22727 |
T22726 |
compound |
body,weight |
R5464 |
T22728 |
T22729 |
punct |
[,g |
R5465 |
T22729 |
T22726 |
parataxis |
g,weight |
R5466 |
T22730 |
T22731 |
nmod |
mean,weight |
R5467 |
T22731 |
T22741 |
nsubj |
weight,g |
R5468 |
T22732 |
T22730 |
punct |
±,mean |
R5469 |
T22733 |
T22734 |
amod |
standard,error |
R5470 |
T22734 |
T22730 |
appos |
error,mean |
R5471 |
T22735 |
T22734 |
prep |
of,error |
R5472 |
T22736 |
T22737 |
det |
the,mean |
R5473 |
T22737 |
T22735 |
pobj |
mean,of |
R5474 |
T22738 |
T22734 |
punct |
(,error |
R5475 |
T22739 |
T22734 |
appos |
SEM,error |
R5476 |
T22740 |
T22731 |
punct |
),weight |
R5477 |
T22741 |
T22729 |
ccomp |
g,g |
R5478 |
T22742 |
T22731 |
prep |
of,weight |
R5479 |
T22743 |
T22744 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R5480 |
T22744 |
T22746 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R5481 |
T22745 |
T22743 |
punct |
-,PGC |
R5482 |
T22746 |
T22742 |
pobj |
mice,of |
R5483 |
T22747 |
T22744 |
punct |
+,1α |
R5484 |
T22748 |
T22744 |
punct |
/,1α |
R5485 |
T22749 |
T22744 |
punct |
+,1α |
R5486 |
T22750 |
T22741 |
punct |
=,g |
R5487 |
T22751 |
T22752 |
quantmod |
22.4,0.79 |
R5488 |
T22752 |
T22741 |
nummod |
0.79,g |
R5489 |
T22753 |
T22752 |
punct |
±,0.79 |
R5490 |
T22754 |
T22729 |
punct |
;,g |
R5491 |
T22755 |
T22756 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R5492 |
T22756 |
T22758 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R5493 |
T22757 |
T22756 |
punct |
-,1α |
R5494 |
T22758 |
T22729 |
dep |
mice,g |
R5495 |
T22759 |
T22756 |
punct |
−,1α |
R5496 |
T22760 |
T22756 |
punct |
/,1α |
R5497 |
T22761 |
T22756 |
punct |
−,1α |
R5498 |
T22762 |
T22729 |
punct |
=,g |
R5499 |
T22763 |
T22764 |
quantmod |
25.2,1.04 |
R5500 |
T22764 |
T22729 |
nummod |
1.04,g |
R5501 |
T22765 |
T22764 |
punct |
±,1.04 |
R5502 |
T22766 |
T22722 |
punct |
),exhibited |
R5503 |
T22767 |
T22722 |
punct |
", ",exhibited |
R5504 |
T22768 |
T22769 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R5505 |
T22769 |
T22771 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R5506 |
T22770 |
T22769 |
punct |
-,1α |
R5507 |
T22771 |
T22722 |
nsubj |
mice,exhibited |
R5508 |
T22772 |
T22769 |
punct |
−,1α |
R5509 |
T22773 |
T22769 |
punct |
/,1α |
R5510 |
T22774 |
T22769 |
punct |
−,1α |
R5511 |
T22775 |
T22776 |
amod |
similar,levels |
R5512 |
T22776 |
T22722 |
dobj |
levels,exhibited |
R5513 |
T22777 |
T22776 |
prep |
of,levels |
R5514 |
T22778 |
T22779 |
compound |
glucose,tolerance |
R5515 |
T22779 |
T22777 |
pobj |
tolerance,of |
R5516 |
T22780 |
T22776 |
prep |
compared,levels |
R5517 |
T22781 |
T22780 |
prep |
to,compared |
R5518 |
T22782 |
T22783 |
compound |
WT,mice |
R5519 |
T22783 |
T22781 |
pobj |
mice,to |
R5520 |
T22784 |
T22783 |
prep |
on,mice |
R5521 |
T22785 |
T22786 |
amod |
standard,chow |
R5522 |
T22786 |
T22784 |
pobj |
chow,on |
R5523 |
T22787 |
T22786 |
compound |
rodent,chow |
R5524 |
T22788 |
T22789 |
punct |
(,Figure |
R5525 |
T22789 |
T22722 |
parataxis |
Figure,exhibited |
R5526 |
T22790 |
T22789 |
nummod |
9,Figure |
R5527 |
T22791 |
T22789 |
punct |
),Figure |
R5528 |
T22792 |
T22706 |
punct |
.,revealed |
R5529 |
T22794 |
T22795 |
aux |
To,examine |
R5530 |
T22795 |
T22796 |
advcl |
examine,placed |
R5531 |
T22797 |
T22798 |
compound |
glucose,homeostasis |
R5532 |
T22798 |
T22795 |
dobj |
homeostasis,examine |
R5533 |
T22799 |
T22798 |
prep |
in,homeostasis |
R5534 |
T22800 |
T22799 |
pobj |
response,in |
R5535 |
T22801 |
T22800 |
prep |
to,response |
R5536 |
T22802 |
T22803 |
amod |
high,fat |
R5537 |
T22803 |
T22805 |
compound |
fat,diet |
R5538 |
T22804 |
T22803 |
punct |
-,fat |
R5539 |
T22805 |
T22801 |
pobj |
diet,to |
R5540 |
T22806 |
T22796 |
punct |
", ",placed |
R5541 |
T22807 |
T22808 |
amod |
female,mice |
R5542 |
T22808 |
T22796 |
nsubjpass |
mice,placed |
R5543 |
T22809 |
T22810 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R5544 |
T22810 |
T22808 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R5545 |
T22811 |
T22810 |
punct |
-,1α |
R5546 |
T22812 |
T22810 |
punct |
+,1α |
R5547 |
T22813 |
T22810 |
punct |
/,1α |
R5548 |
T22814 |
T22810 |
punct |
+,1α |
R5549 |
T22815 |
T22810 |
cc |
and,1α |
R5550 |
T22816 |
T22817 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R5551 |
T22817 |
T22810 |
conj |
1α,1α |
R5552 |
T22818 |
T22817 |
punct |
-,1α |
R5553 |
T22819 |
T22817 |
punct |
−,1α |
R5554 |
T22820 |
T22817 |
punct |
/,1α |
R5555 |
T22821 |
T22817 |
punct |
−,1α |
R5556 |
T22822 |
T22796 |
auxpass |
were,placed |
R5557 |
T22823 |
T22796 |
prep |
on,placed |
R5558 |
T22824 |
T22825 |
amod |
high,fat |
R5559 |
T22825 |
T22827 |
compound |
fat,chow |
R5560 |
T22826 |
T22825 |
punct |
-,fat |
R5561 |
T22827 |
T22823 |
pobj |
chow,on |
R5562 |
T22828 |
T22829 |
punct |
(,calories |
R5563 |
T22829 |
T22796 |
parataxis |
calories,placed |
R5564 |
T22830 |
T22831 |
nummod |
43,% |
R5565 |
T22831 |
T22829 |
compound |
%,calories |
R5566 |
T22832 |
T22829 |
prep |
from,calories |
R5567 |
T22833 |
T22832 |
pobj |
fat,from |
R5568 |
T22834 |
T22829 |
punct |
),calories |
R5569 |
T22835 |
T22796 |
prep |
for,placed |
R5570 |
T22836 |
T22837 |
nummod |
6,wk |
R5571 |
T22837 |
T22835 |
pobj |
wk,for |
R5572 |
T22838 |
T22796 |
advcl |
starting,placed |
R5573 |
T22839 |
T22838 |
prep |
at,starting |
R5574 |
T22840 |
T22841 |
nummod |
8,wk |
R5575 |
T22841 |
T22839 |
pobj |
wk,at |
R5576 |
T22842 |
T22841 |
prep |
of,wk |
R5577 |
T22843 |
T22842 |
pobj |
age,of |
R5578 |
T22844 |
T22796 |
punct |
.,placed |
R5579 |
T22846 |
T22847 |
det |
The,weight |
R5580 |
T22847 |
T22848 |
nsubj |
weight,was |
R5581 |
T22849 |
T22847 |
acl |
gained,weight |
R5582 |
T22850 |
T22849 |
prep |
on,gained |
R5583 |
T22851 |
T22852 |
det |
the,diet |
R5584 |
T22852 |
T22850 |
pobj |
diet,on |
R5585 |
T22853 |
T22854 |
amod |
high,fat |
R5586 |
T22854 |
T22852 |
compound |
fat,diet |
R5587 |
T22855 |
T22854 |
punct |
-,fat |
R5588 |
T22856 |
T22848 |
acomp |
similar,was |
R5589 |
T22857 |
T22848 |
prep |
for,was |
R5590 |
T22858 |
T22859 |
det |
the,groups |
R5591 |
T22859 |
T22857 |
pobj |
groups,for |
R5592 |
T22860 |
T22861 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R5593 |
T22861 |
T22859 |
nmod |
1α,groups |
R5594 |
T22862 |
T22861 |
punct |
-,1α |
R5595 |
T22863 |
T22861 |
punct |
+,1α |
R5596 |
T22864 |
T22861 |
punct |
/,1α |
R5597 |
T22865 |
T22861 |
punct |
+,1α |
R5598 |
T22866 |
T22861 |
cc |
and,1α |
R5599 |
T22867 |
T22868 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R5600 |
T22868 |
T22861 |
conj |
1α,1α |
R5601 |
T22869 |
T22868 |
punct |
-,1α |
R5602 |
T22870 |
T22868 |
punct |
−,1α |
R5603 |
T22871 |
T22868 |
punct |
/,1α |
R5604 |
T22872 |
T22868 |
punct |
−,1α |
R5605 |
T22873 |
T22874 |
punct |
(,S3 |
R5606 |
T22874 |
T22848 |
parataxis |
S3,was |
R5607 |
T22875 |
T22874 |
compound |
Figure,S3 |
R5608 |
T22876 |
T22874 |
punct |
),S3 |
R5609 |
T22877 |
T22848 |
punct |
.,was |
R5610 |
T22879 |
T22880 |
advmod |
Surprisingly,were |
R5611 |
T22881 |
T22880 |
punct |
", ",were |
R5612 |
T22882 |
T22883 |
det |
the,mice |
R5613 |
T22883 |
T22880 |
nsubj |
mice,were |
R5614 |
T22884 |
T22885 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R5615 |
T22885 |
T22883 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R5616 |
T22886 |
T22885 |
punct |
-,1α |
R5617 |
T22887 |
T22885 |
punct |
−,1α |
R5618 |
T22888 |
T22885 |
punct |
/,1α |
R5619 |
T22889 |
T22885 |
punct |
−,1α |
R5620 |
T22890 |
T22883 |
prep |
on,mice |
R5621 |
T22891 |
T22892 |
det |
a,diet |
R5622 |
T22892 |
T22890 |
pobj |
diet,on |
R5623 |
T22893 |
T22894 |
amod |
high,fat |
R5624 |
T22894 |
T22892 |
compound |
fat,diet |
R5625 |
T22895 |
T22894 |
punct |
-,fat |
R5626 |
T22896 |
T22897 |
advmod |
significantly,more |
R5627 |
T22897 |
T22898 |
advmod |
more,tolerant |
R5628 |
T22898 |
T22880 |
acomp |
tolerant,were |
R5629 |
T22899 |
T22898 |
npadvmod |
glucose,tolerant |
R5630 |
T22900 |
T22898 |
punct |
-,tolerant |
R5631 |
T22901 |
T22898 |
cc |
and,tolerant |
R5632 |
T22902 |
T22903 |
npadvmod |
insulin,sensitive |
R5633 |
T22903 |
T22898 |
conj |
sensitive,tolerant |
R5634 |
T22904 |
T22903 |
punct |
-,sensitive |
R5635 |
T22905 |
T22880 |
prep |
compared,were |
R5636 |
T22906 |
T22905 |
prep |
to,compared |
R5637 |
T22907 |
T22908 |
det |
the,mice |
R5638 |
T22908 |
T22906 |
pobj |
mice,to |
R5639 |
T22909 |
T22910 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R5640 |
T22910 |
T22908 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R5641 |
T22911 |
T22910 |
punct |
-,1α |
R5642 |
T22912 |
T22910 |
punct |
+,1α |
R5643 |
T22913 |
T22910 |
punct |
/,1α |
R5644 |
T22914 |
T22910 |
punct |
+,1α |
R5645 |
T22915 |
T22916 |
punct |
(,9B |
R5646 |
T22916 |
T22880 |
parataxis |
9B,were |
R5647 |
T22917 |
T22916 |
compound |
Figure,9B |
R5648 |
T22918 |
T22916 |
punct |
),9B |
R5649 |
T22919 |
T22880 |
punct |
.,were |
R5650 |
T22921 |
T22922 |
advcl |
Taken,indicate |
R5651 |
T22923 |
T22921 |
advmod |
together,Taken |
R5652 |
T22924 |
T22922 |
punct |
", ",indicate |
R5653 |
T22925 |
T22926 |
det |
these,results |
R5654 |
T22926 |
T22922 |
nsubj |
results,indicate |
R5655 |
T22927 |
T22928 |
mark |
that,exhibit |
R5656 |
T22928 |
T22922 |
ccomp |
exhibit,indicate |
R5657 |
T22929 |
T22928 |
punct |
", ",exhibit |
R5658 |
T22930 |
T22928 |
prep |
despite,exhibit |
R5659 |
T22931 |
T22932 |
amod |
excess,fat |
R5660 |
T22932 |
T22930 |
pobj |
fat,despite |
R5661 |
T22933 |
T22932 |
compound |
body,fat |
R5662 |
T22934 |
T22932 |
prep |
under,fat |
R5663 |
T22935 |
T22936 |
amod |
standard,conditions |
R5664 |
T22936 |
T22934 |
pobj |
conditions,under |
R5665 |
T22937 |
T22928 |
punct |
", ",exhibit |
R5666 |
T22938 |
T22939 |
det |
the,mice |
R5667 |
T22939 |
T22928 |
nsubj |
mice,exhibit |
R5668 |
T22940 |
T22939 |
amod |
female,mice |
R5669 |
T22941 |
T22942 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R5670 |
T22942 |
T22939 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R5671 |
T22943 |
T22942 |
punct |
-,1α |
R5672 |
T22944 |
T22942 |
punct |
−,1α |
R5673 |
T22945 |
T22942 |
punct |
/,1α |
R5674 |
T22946 |
T22942 |
punct |
−,1α |
R5675 |
T22947 |
T22928 |
aux |
do,exhibit |
R5676 |
T22948 |
T22928 |
neg |
not,exhibit |
R5677 |
T22949 |
T22950 |
compound |
insulin,resistance |
R5678 |
T22950 |
T22928 |
dobj |
resistance,exhibit |
R5679 |
T22951 |
T22922 |
punct |
.,indicate |
R5680 |
T22953 |
T22954 |
advmod |
Moreover,are |
R5681 |
T22955 |
T22954 |
punct |
", ",are |
R5682 |
T22956 |
T22957 |
det |
the,mice |
R5683 |
T22957 |
T22954 |
nsubj |
mice,are |
R5684 |
T22958 |
T22959 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R5685 |
T22959 |
T22957 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R5686 |
T22960 |
T22959 |
punct |
-,1α |
R5687 |
T22961 |
T22959 |
punct |
−,1α |
R5688 |
T22962 |
T22959 |
punct |
/,1α |
R5689 |
T22963 |
T22959 |
punct |
−,1α |
R5690 |
T22964 |
T22965 |
advmod |
more,tolerant |
R5691 |
T22965 |
T22954 |
acomp |
tolerant,are |
R5692 |
T22966 |
T22965 |
npadvmod |
glucose,tolerant |
R5693 |
T22967 |
T22965 |
punct |
-,tolerant |
R5694 |
T22968 |
T22965 |
cc |
and,tolerant |
R5695 |
T22969 |
T22970 |
npadvmod |
insulin,sensitive |
R5696 |
T22970 |
T22965 |
conj |
sensitive,tolerant |
R5697 |
T22971 |
T22970 |
punct |
-,sensitive |
R5698 |
T22972 |
T22965 |
prep |
than,tolerant |
R5699 |
T22973 |
T22974 |
compound |
WT,mice |
R5700 |
T22974 |
T22972 |
pobj |
mice,than |
R5701 |
T22975 |
T22974 |
prep |
on,mice |
R5702 |
T22976 |
T22977 |
det |
a,diet |
R5703 |
T22977 |
T22975 |
pobj |
diet,on |
R5704 |
T22978 |
T22979 |
amod |
high,fat |
R5705 |
T22979 |
T22977 |
compound |
fat,diet |
R5706 |
T22980 |
T22979 |
punct |
-,fat |
R5707 |
T22981 |
T22954 |
punct |
.,are |
R5710 |
T24084 |
T24085 |
amod |
Structural,Abnormalities |
R5711 |
T24086 |
T24085 |
prep |
of,Abnormalities |
R5712 |
T24087 |
T24088 |
det |
the,System |
R5713 |
T24088 |
T24086 |
pobj |
System,of |
R5714 |
T24089 |
T24088 |
amod |
Central,System |
R5715 |
T24090 |
T24088 |
amod |
Nervous,System |
R5716 |
T24091 |
T24085 |
prep |
in,Abnormalities |
R5717 |
T24092 |
T24093 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R5718 |
T24093 |
T24095 |
nmod |
1α,Mice |
R5719 |
T24094 |
T24093 |
punct |
-,1α |
R5720 |
T24095 |
T24091 |
pobj |
Mice,in |
R5721 |
T24096 |
T24093 |
punct |
−,1α |
R5722 |
T24097 |
T24093 |
punct |
/,1α |
R5723 |
T24098 |
T24093 |
punct |
−,1α |
R5724 |
T24100 |
T24101 |
prep |
In,observed |
R5725 |
T24102 |
T24100 |
pcomp |
surveying,In |
R5726 |
T24103 |
T24104 |
det |
the,tissues |
R5727 |
T24104 |
T24102 |
dobj |
tissues,surveying |
R5728 |
T24105 |
T24104 |
prep |
of,tissues |
R5729 |
T24106 |
T24107 |
det |
the,mice |
R5730 |
T24107 |
T24105 |
pobj |
mice,of |
R5731 |
T24108 |
T24109 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R5732 |
T24109 |
T24107 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R5733 |
T24110 |
T24109 |
punct |
-,1α |
R5734 |
T24111 |
T24109 |
punct |
−,1α |
R5735 |
T24112 |
T24109 |
punct |
/,1α |
R5736 |
T24113 |
T24109 |
punct |
−,1α |
R5737 |
T24114 |
T24101 |
punct |
", ",observed |
R5738 |
T24115 |
T24116 |
amod |
structural,abnormalities |
R5739 |
T24116 |
T24101 |
nsubjpass |
abnormalities,observed |
R5740 |
T24117 |
T24116 |
prep |
of,abnormalities |
R5741 |
T24118 |
T24119 |
det |
the,brain |
R5742 |
T24119 |
T24117 |
pobj |
brain,of |
R5743 |
T24120 |
T24101 |
auxpass |
were,observed |
R5744 |
T24121 |
T24101 |
punct |
.,observed |
R5745 |
T24123 |
T24124 |
npadvmod |
Light,microscopic |
R5746 |
T24124 |
T24125 |
amod |
microscopic,examination |
R5747 |
T24125 |
T24126 |
nsubj |
examination,demonstrated |
R5748 |
T24127 |
T24125 |
prep |
of,examination |
R5749 |
T24128 |
T24129 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R5750 |
T24129 |
T24131 |
nmod |
1α,samples |
R5751 |
T24130 |
T24129 |
punct |
-,1α |
R5752 |
T24131 |
T24127 |
pobj |
samples,of |
R5753 |
T24132 |
T24129 |
punct |
−,1α |
R5754 |
T24133 |
T24129 |
punct |
/,1α |
R5755 |
T24134 |
T24129 |
punct |
−,1α |
R5756 |
T24135 |
T24136 |
compound |
brain,tissue |
R5757 |
T24136 |
T24131 |
compound |
tissue,samples |
R5758 |
T24137 |
T24138 |
det |
a,complement |
R5759 |
T24138 |
T24126 |
dobj |
complement,demonstrated |
R5760 |
T24139 |
T24140 |
advmod |
well,preserved |
R5761 |
T24140 |
T24138 |
amod |
preserved,complement |
R5762 |
T24141 |
T24140 |
punct |
-,preserved |
R5763 |
T24142 |
T24143 |
amod |
cerebral,cortical |
R5764 |
T24143 |
T24138 |
nmod |
cortical,complement |
R5765 |
T24144 |
T24138 |
amod |
neuronal,complement |
R5766 |
T24145 |
T24126 |
punct |
", ",demonstrated |
R5767 |
T24146 |
T24147 |
det |
a,result |
R5768 |
T24147 |
T24126 |
npadvmod |
result,demonstrated |
R5769 |
T24148 |
T24147 |
acl |
confirmed,result |
R5770 |
T24149 |
T24148 |
agent |
by,confirmed |
R5771 |
T24150 |
T24149 |
pobj |
measurement,by |
R5772 |
T24151 |
T24150 |
prep |
of,measurement |
R5773 |
T24152 |
T24153 |
compound |
neuron,density |
R5774 |
T24153 |
T24151 |
pobj |
density,of |
R5775 |
T24154 |
T24150 |
prep |
in,measurement |
R5776 |
T24155 |
T24154 |
pobj |
sections,in |
R5777 |
T24156 |
T24155 |
prep |
of,sections |
R5778 |
T24157 |
T24158 |
det |
the,lobe |
R5779 |
T24158 |
T24156 |
pobj |
lobe,of |
R5780 |
T24159 |
T24158 |
amod |
parietal,lobe |
R5781 |
T24160 |
T24161 |
punct |
(,significant |
R5782 |
T24161 |
T24148 |
parataxis |
significant,confirmed |
R5783 |
T24162 |
T24163 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R5784 |
T24163 |
T24165 |
dep |
1α,neurons |
R5785 |
T24164 |
T24163 |
punct |
-,1α |
R5786 |
T24165 |
T24161 |
dep |
neurons,significant |
R5787 |
T24166 |
T24163 |
punct |
+,1α |
R5788 |
T24167 |
T24163 |
punct |
/,1α |
R5789 |
T24168 |
T24163 |
punct |
+,1α |
R5790 |
T24169 |
T24165 |
punct |
", ",neurons |
R5791 |
T24170 |
T24171 |
quantmod |
"1,261",91 |
R5792 |
T24171 |
T24165 |
nummod |
91,neurons |
R5793 |
T24172 |
T24171 |
punct |
±,91 |
R5794 |
T24173 |
T24174 |
punct |
/,mm2 |
R5795 |
T24174 |
T24165 |
prep |
mm2,neurons |
R5796 |
T24175 |
T24165 |
cc |
versus,neurons |
R5797 |
T24176 |
T24177 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R5798 |
T24177 |
T24179 |
dep |
1α,neurons |
R5799 |
T24178 |
T24177 |
punct |
-,1α |
R5800 |
T24179 |
T24165 |
conj |
neurons,neurons |
R5801 |
T24180 |
T24177 |
punct |
−,1α |
R5802 |
T24181 |
T24177 |
punct |
/,1α |
R5803 |
T24182 |
T24177 |
punct |
−,1α |
R5804 |
T24183 |
T24179 |
punct |
", ",neurons |
R5805 |
T24184 |
T24185 |
quantmod |
"1,299",82 |
R5806 |
T24185 |
T24179 |
nummod |
82,neurons |
R5807 |
T24186 |
T24185 |
punct |
±,82 |
R5808 |
T24187 |
T24188 |
punct |
/,mm2 |
R5809 |
T24188 |
T24179 |
prep |
mm2,neurons |
R5810 |
T24189 |
T24161 |
punct |
;,significant |
R5811 |
T24190 |
T24161 |
neg |
not,significant |
R5812 |
T24191 |
T24161 |
punct |
),significant |
R5813 |
T24192 |
T24126 |
punct |
.,demonstrated |
R5814 |
T24194 |
T24195 |
amod |
Patchy,areas |
R5815 |
T24195 |
T24196 |
nsubjpass |
areas,noted |
R5816 |
T24197 |
T24195 |
prep |
of,areas |
R5817 |
T24198 |
T24197 |
pobj |
microvacuolation,of |
R5818 |
T24199 |
T24195 |
acl |
involving,areas |
R5819 |
T24200 |
T24201 |
det |
the,neuropil |
R5820 |
T24201 |
T24199 |
dobj |
neuropil,involving |
R5821 |
T24202 |
T24201 |
cc |
and,neuropil |
R5822 |
T24203 |
T24204 |
amod |
individual,neurons |
R5823 |
T24204 |
T24201 |
conj |
neurons,neuropil |
R5824 |
T24205 |
T24204 |
amod |
pyramidal,neurons |
R5825 |
T24206 |
T24204 |
prep |
of,neurons |
R5826 |
T24207 |
T24208 |
det |
the,layers |
R5827 |
T24208 |
T24206 |
pobj |
layers,of |
R5828 |
T24209 |
T24208 |
amod |
deep,layers |
R5829 |
T24210 |
T24208 |
prep |
of,layers |
R5830 |
T24211 |
T24212 |
det |
the,cortex |
R5831 |
T24212 |
T24210 |
pobj |
cortex,of |
R5832 |
T24213 |
T24212 |
amod |
cerebral,cortex |
R5833 |
T24214 |
T24196 |
auxpass |
were,noted |
R5834 |
T24215 |
T24196 |
prep |
in,noted |
R5835 |
T24216 |
T24217 |
det |
the,mice |
R5836 |
T24217 |
T24215 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R5837 |
T24218 |
T24219 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R5838 |
T24219 |
T24217 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R5839 |
T24220 |
T24219 |
punct |
-,1α |
R5840 |
T24221 |
T24219 |
punct |
−,1α |
R5841 |
T24222 |
T24219 |
punct |
/,1α |
R5842 |
T24223 |
T24219 |
punct |
−,1α |
R5843 |
T24224 |
T24217 |
cc |
but,mice |
R5844 |
T24225 |
T24224 |
neg |
not,but |
R5845 |
T24226 |
T24227 |
det |
the,mice |
R5846 |
T24227 |
T24217 |
conj |
mice,mice |
R5847 |
T24228 |
T24229 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R5848 |
T24229 |
T24227 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R5849 |
T24230 |
T24229 |
punct |
-,1α |
R5850 |
T24231 |
T24229 |
punct |
+,1α |
R5851 |
T24232 |
T24229 |
punct |
/,1α |
R5852 |
T24233 |
T24229 |
punct |
+,1α |
R5853 |
T24234 |
T24235 |
punct |
(,10A |
R5854 |
T24235 |
T24196 |
parataxis |
10A,noted |
R5855 |
T24236 |
T24235 |
compound |
Figure,10A |
R5856 |
T24237 |
T24235 |
punct |
),10A |
R5857 |
T24238 |
T24196 |
punct |
.,noted |
R5858 |
T24240 |
T24241 |
nsubj |
Immunolocalization,failed |
R5859 |
T24242 |
T24240 |
prep |
of,Immunolocalization |
R5860 |
T24243 |
T24244 |
det |
an,marker |
R5861 |
T24244 |
T24242 |
pobj |
marker,of |
R5862 |
T24245 |
T24244 |
amod |
astrocytic,marker |
R5863 |
T24246 |
T24244 |
punct |
", ",marker |
R5864 |
T24247 |
T24248 |
amod |
glial,protein |
R5865 |
T24248 |
T24244 |
appos |
protein,marker |
R5866 |
T24249 |
T24248 |
amod |
fibrillary,protein |
R5867 |
T24250 |
T24248 |
amod |
acidic,protein |
R5868 |
T24251 |
T24241 |
punct |
", ",failed |
R5869 |
T24252 |
T24253 |
aux |
to,show |
R5870 |
T24253 |
T24241 |
xcomp |
show,failed |
R5871 |
T24254 |
T24255 |
det |
an,increase |
R5872 |
T24255 |
T24253 |
dobj |
increase,show |
R5873 |
T24256 |
T24255 |
prep |
in,increase |
R5874 |
T24257 |
T24256 |
pobj |
numbers,in |
R5875 |
T24258 |
T24257 |
prep |
of,numbers |
R5876 |
T24259 |
T24260 |
amod |
astrocytic,processes |
R5877 |
T24260 |
T24258 |
pobj |
processes,of |
R5878 |
T24261 |
T24253 |
prep |
in,show |
R5879 |
T24262 |
T24263 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R5880 |
T24263 |
T24265 |
nmod |
1α,cortex |
R5881 |
T24264 |
T24263 |
punct |
-,1α |
R5882 |
T24265 |
T24261 |
pobj |
cortex,in |
R5883 |
T24266 |
T24263 |
punct |
−,1α |
R5884 |
T24267 |
T24263 |
punct |
/,1α |
R5885 |
T24268 |
T24263 |
punct |
−,1α |
R5886 |
T24269 |
T24265 |
nmod |
mouse,cortex |
R5887 |
T24270 |
T24265 |
amod |
cerebral,cortex |
R5888 |
T24271 |
T24272 |
punct |
(,data |
R5889 |
T24272 |
T24241 |
meta |
data,failed |
R5890 |
T24273 |
T24272 |
amod |
unpublished,data |
R5891 |
T24274 |
T24272 |
punct |
),data |
R5892 |
T24275 |
T24241 |
punct |
.,failed |
R5893 |
T24277 |
T24278 |
det |
The,hippocampus |
R5894 |
T24278 |
T24279 |
nsubj |
hippocampus,showed |
R5895 |
T24280 |
T24279 |
advmod |
also,showed |
R5896 |
T24281 |
T24282 |
amod |
neuronal,microvacuolation |
R5897 |
T24282 |
T24279 |
dobj |
microvacuolation,showed |
R5898 |
T24283 |
T24279 |
punct |
", ",showed |
R5899 |
T24284 |
T24285 |
dep |
albeit,to |
R5900 |
T24285 |
T24279 |
prep |
to,showed |
R5901 |
T24286 |
T24287 |
det |
a,degree |
R5902 |
T24287 |
T24285 |
pobj |
degree,to |
R5903 |
T24288 |
T24287 |
amod |
lesser,degree |
R5904 |
T24289 |
T24287 |
prep |
than,degree |
R5905 |
T24290 |
T24291 |
det |
the,cortex |
R5906 |
T24291 |
T24289 |
pobj |
cortex,than |
R5907 |
T24292 |
T24291 |
amod |
parietal,cortex |
R5908 |
T24293 |
T24279 |
punct |
.,showed |
R5909 |
T24295 |
T24296 |
nsubjpass |
Microvacuolation,noted |
R5910 |
T24297 |
T24295 |
prep |
of,Microvacuolation |
R5911 |
T24298 |
T24299 |
det |
the,neuropil |
R5912 |
T24299 |
T24297 |
pobj |
neuropil,of |
R5913 |
T24300 |
T24299 |
cc |
and,neuropil |
R5914 |
T24301 |
T24299 |
conj |
neurons,neuropil |
R5915 |
T24302 |
T24299 |
prep |
of,neuropil |
R5916 |
T24303 |
T24304 |
det |
the,ganglia |
R5917 |
T24304 |
T24302 |
pobj |
ganglia,of |
R5918 |
T24305 |
T24306 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R5919 |
T24306 |
T24304 |
nmod |
1α,ganglia |
R5920 |
T24307 |
T24306 |
punct |
-,1α |
R5921 |
T24308 |
T24306 |
punct |
−,1α |
R5922 |
T24309 |
T24306 |
punct |
/,1α |
R5923 |
T24310 |
T24306 |
punct |
−,1α |
R5924 |
T24311 |
T24304 |
amod |
basal,ganglia |
R5925 |
T24312 |
T24313 |
punct |
(,caudate |
R5926 |
T24313 |
T24304 |
parataxis |
caudate,ganglia |
R5927 |
T24314 |
T24313 |
cc |
and,caudate |
R5928 |
T24315 |
T24313 |
conj |
putamen,caudate |
R5929 |
T24316 |
T24313 |
punct |
),caudate |
R5930 |
T24317 |
T24296 |
auxpass |
was,noted |
R5931 |
T24318 |
T24296 |
advmod |
also,noted |
R5932 |
T24319 |
T24296 |
prep |
in,noted |
R5933 |
T24320 |
T24319 |
pobj |
association,in |
R5934 |
T24321 |
T24320 |
prep |
with,association |
R5935 |
T24322 |
T24323 |
det |
a,increase |
R5936 |
T24323 |
T24321 |
pobj |
increase,with |
R5937 |
T24324 |
T24323 |
amod |
patchy,increase |
R5938 |
T24325 |
T24323 |
prep |
in,increase |
R5939 |
T24326 |
T24327 |
det |
the,number |
R5940 |
T24327 |
T24325 |
pobj |
number,in |
R5941 |
T24328 |
T24327 |
cc |
and,number |
R5942 |
T24329 |
T24327 |
conj |
intensity,number |
R5943 |
T24330 |
T24327 |
prep |
of,number |
R5944 |
T24331 |
T24332 |
amod |
glial,protein |
R5945 |
T24332 |
T24335 |
npadvmod |
protein,immunoreactive |
R5946 |
T24333 |
T24332 |
amod |
fibrillary,protein |
R5947 |
T24334 |
T24332 |
amod |
acidic,protein |
R5948 |
T24335 |
T24337 |
amod |
immunoreactive,processes |
R5949 |
T24336 |
T24335 |
punct |
-,immunoreactive |
R5950 |
T24337 |
T24330 |
pobj |
processes,of |
R5951 |
T24338 |
T24337 |
amod |
astrocytic,processes |
R5952 |
T24339 |
T24340 |
punct |
(,data |
R5953 |
T24340 |
T24296 |
meta |
data,noted |
R5954 |
T24341 |
T24340 |
amod |
unpublished,data |
R5955 |
T24342 |
T24340 |
punct |
),data |
R5956 |
T24343 |
T24296 |
punct |
.,noted |
R5957 |
T24345 |
T24346 |
nsubj |
Areas,involved |
R5958 |
T24347 |
T24345 |
prep |
of,Areas |
R5959 |
T24348 |
T24347 |
pobj |
microvacuolation,of |
R5960 |
T24349 |
T24346 |
advmod |
also,involved |
R5961 |
T24350 |
T24351 |
amod |
multiple,regions |
R5962 |
T24351 |
T24346 |
dobj |
regions,involved |
R5963 |
T24352 |
T24351 |
compound |
brainstem,regions |
R5964 |
T24353 |
T24346 |
punct |
.,involved |
R5965 |
T24355 |
T24356 |
advmod |
Only,neurons |
R5966 |
T24356 |
T24363 |
nsubjpass |
neurons,identified |
R5967 |
T24357 |
T24356 |
amod |
rare,neurons |
R5968 |
T24358 |
T24356 |
amod |
vacuolated,neurons |
R5969 |
T24359 |
T24356 |
nmod |
Purkinje,neurons |
R5970 |
T24360 |
T24359 |
cc |
and,Purkinje |
R5971 |
T24361 |
T24362 |
compound |
granule,cell |
R5972 |
T24362 |
T24359 |
conj |
cell,Purkinje |
R5973 |
T24364 |
T24363 |
auxpass |
were,identified |
R5974 |
T24365 |
T24363 |
prep |
in,identified |
R5975 |
T24366 |
T24367 |
det |
the,cortex |
R5976 |
T24367 |
T24365 |
pobj |
cortex,in |
R5977 |
T24368 |
T24369 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R5978 |
T24369 |
T24367 |
nmod |
1α,cortex |
R5979 |
T24370 |
T24369 |
punct |
-,1α |
R5980 |
T24371 |
T24369 |
punct |
−,1α |
R5981 |
T24372 |
T24369 |
punct |
/,1α |
R5982 |
T24373 |
T24369 |
punct |
−,1α |
R5983 |
T24374 |
T24367 |
amod |
cerebellar,cortex |
R5984 |
T24375 |
T24363 |
punct |
.,identified |
R5985 |
T24377 |
T24378 |
preconj |
Neither,proliferation |
R5986 |
T24378 |
T24380 |
nsubjpass |
proliferation,noted |
R5987 |
T24379 |
T24378 |
amod |
microglial,proliferation |
R5988 |
T24381 |
T24378 |
cc |
nor,proliferation |
R5989 |
T24382 |
T24383 |
amod |
perivascular,infiltrates |
R5990 |
T24383 |
T24378 |
conj |
infiltrates,proliferation |
R5991 |
T24384 |
T24383 |
amod |
lymphocytic,infiltrates |
R5992 |
T24385 |
T24383 |
amod |
inflammatory,infiltrates |
R5993 |
T24386 |
T24380 |
auxpass |
were,noted |
R5994 |
T24387 |
T24380 |
prep |
in,noted |
R5995 |
T24388 |
T24389 |
det |
the,CNS |
R5996 |
T24389 |
T24387 |
pobj |
CNS,in |
R5997 |
T24390 |
T24391 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R5998 |
T24391 |
T24389 |
nmod |
1α,CNS |
R5999 |
T24392 |
T24391 |
punct |
-,1α |
R6000 |
T24393 |
T24391 |
punct |
−,1α |
R6001 |
T24394 |
T24391 |
punct |
/,1α |
R6002 |
T24395 |
T24391 |
punct |
−,1α |
R6003 |
T24396 |
T24380 |
punct |
.,noted |
R6004 |
T24398 |
T24399 |
amod |
Ultrastructural,examination |
R6005 |
T24399 |
T24400 |
nsubj |
examination,confirmed |
R6006 |
T24401 |
T24399 |
prep |
of,examination |
R6007 |
T24402 |
T24403 |
det |
the,cortex |
R6008 |
T24403 |
T24401 |
pobj |
cortex,of |
R6009 |
T24404 |
T24405 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R6010 |
T24405 |
T24403 |
nmod |
1α,cortex |
R6011 |
T24406 |
T24405 |
punct |
-,1α |
R6012 |
T24407 |
T24405 |
punct |
−,1α |
R6013 |
T24408 |
T24405 |
punct |
/,1α |
R6014 |
T24409 |
T24405 |
punct |
−,1α |
R6015 |
T24410 |
T24403 |
amod |
parietal,cortex |
R6016 |
T24411 |
T24403 |
amod |
cerebral,cortex |
R6017 |
T24412 |
T24413 |
det |
the,presence |
R6018 |
T24413 |
T24400 |
dobj |
presence,confirmed |
R6019 |
T24414 |
T24413 |
prep |
of,presence |
R6020 |
T24415 |
T24416 |
amod |
microvacuolated,neurons |
R6021 |
T24416 |
T24414 |
pobj |
neurons,of |
R6022 |
T24417 |
T24416 |
cc |
and,neurons |
R6023 |
T24418 |
T24416 |
conj |
neuropil,neurons |
R6024 |
T24419 |
T24420 |
punct |
(,10B |
R6025 |
T24420 |
T24400 |
parataxis |
10B,confirmed |
R6026 |
T24421 |
T24420 |
compound |
Figure,10B |
R6027 |
T24422 |
T24420 |
punct |
),10B |
R6028 |
T24423 |
T24400 |
punct |
.,confirmed |
R6029 |
T24425 |
T24426 |
nsubj |
Vacuoles,were |
R6030 |
T24427 |
T24425 |
acl |
containing,Vacuoles |
R6031 |
T24428 |
T24427 |
dobj |
aggregates,containing |
R6032 |
T24429 |
T24428 |
prep |
of,aggregates |
R6033 |
T24430 |
T24431 |
amod |
membranous,material |
R6034 |
T24431 |
T24429 |
pobj |
material,of |
R6035 |
T24432 |
T24426 |
acomp |
present,were |
R6036 |
T24433 |
T24426 |
prep |
in,were |
R6037 |
T24434 |
T24435 |
det |
a,subset |
R6038 |
T24435 |
T24433 |
pobj |
subset,in |
R6039 |
T24436 |
T24435 |
prep |
of,subset |
R6040 |
T24437 |
T24438 |
amod |
cortical,neurons |
R6041 |
T24438 |
T24436 |
pobj |
neurons,of |
R6042 |
T24439 |
T24426 |
punct |
.,were |
R6043 |
T24441 |
T24442 |
amod |
Subcellular,localization |
R6044 |
T24442 |
T24443 |
nsubj |
localization,was |
R6045 |
T24443 |
T24447 |
ccomp |
was,represent |
R6046 |
T24444 |
T24442 |
prep |
of,localization |
R6047 |
T24445 |
T24446 |
det |
the,vacuoles |
R6048 |
T24446 |
T24444 |
pobj |
vacuoles,of |
R6049 |
T24448 |
T24443 |
acomp |
difficult,was |
R6050 |
T24449 |
T24450 |
aux |
to,establish |
R6051 |
T24450 |
T24448 |
advcl |
establish,difficult |
R6052 |
T24451 |
T24447 |
punct |
;,represent |
R6053 |
T24452 |
T24447 |
nsubj |
some,represent |
R6054 |
T24453 |
T24447 |
aux |
may,represent |
R6055 |
T24454 |
T24455 |
amod |
vacuolated,elements |
R6056 |
T24455 |
T24447 |
dobj |
elements,represent |
R6057 |
T24456 |
T24455 |
prep |
of,elements |
R6058 |
T24457 |
T24458 |
det |
the,neuropil |
R6059 |
T24458 |
T24456 |
pobj |
neuropil,of |
R6060 |
T24459 |
T24455 |
punct |
", ",elements |
R6061 |
T24460 |
T24455 |
conj |
material,elements |
R6062 |
T24461 |
T24460 |
prep |
in,material |
R6063 |
T24462 |
T24463 |
amod |
phagocytic,cells |
R6064 |
T24463 |
T24461 |
pobj |
cells,in |
R6065 |
T24464 |
T24460 |
punct |
", ",material |
R6066 |
T24465 |
T24466 |
amod |
presynaptic,terminals |
R6067 |
T24466 |
T24460 |
conj |
terminals,material |
R6068 |
T24467 |
T24466 |
compound |
nerve,terminals |
R6069 |
T24468 |
T24466 |
acl |
compressing,terminals |
R6070 |
T24469 |
T24470 |
det |
the,soma |
R6071 |
T24470 |
T24468 |
dobj |
soma,compressing |
R6072 |
T24471 |
T24466 |
punct |
", ",terminals |
R6073 |
T24472 |
T24466 |
cc |
or,terminals |
R6074 |
T24473 |
T24474 |
amod |
genuine,deposits |
R6075 |
T24474 |
T24466 |
conj |
deposits,terminals |
R6076 |
T24475 |
T24474 |
amod |
intraperikaryal,deposits |
R6077 |
T24476 |
T24447 |
punct |
.,represent |
R6094 |
T30486 |
T30485 |
punct |
],6 |
R6095 |
T30442 |
T30443 |
amod |
Previous,studies |
R6096 |
T30443 |
T30444 |
nsubj |
studies,shown |
R6097 |
T30445 |
T30443 |
acl |
using,studies |
R6098 |
T30446 |
T30447 |
nmod |
gain,strategies |
R6099 |
T30447 |
T30445 |
dobj |
strategies,using |
R6100 |
T30448 |
T30446 |
punct |
-,gain |
R6101 |
T30449 |
T30446 |
prep |
of,gain |
R6102 |
T30450 |
T30449 |
punct |
-,of |
R6103 |
T30451 |
T30449 |
pobj |
function,of |
R6104 |
T30452 |
T30444 |
aux |
have,shown |
R6105 |
T30453 |
T30454 |
mark |
that,is |
R6106 |
T30454 |
T30444 |
ccomp |
is,shown |
R6107 |
T30455 |
T30456 |
det |
the,coactivator |
R6108 |
T30456 |
T30454 |
nsubj |
coactivator,is |
R6109 |
T30457 |
T30458 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R6110 |
T30458 |
T30456 |
appos |
1α,coactivator |
R6111 |
T30459 |
T30458 |
punct |
-,1α |
R6112 |
T30460 |
T30454 |
acomp |
capable,is |
R6113 |
T30461 |
T30460 |
prep |
of,capable |
R6114 |
T30462 |
T30461 |
pcomp |
coactivating,of |
R6115 |
T30487 |
T30444 |
punct |
.,shown |
R6116 |
T30463 |
T30464 |
det |
an,array |
R6117 |
T30489 |
T30490 |
amod |
Forced,expression |
R6118 |
T30464 |
T30462 |
dobj |
array,coactivating |
R6119 |
T30465 |
T30464 |
prep |
of,array |
R6120 |
T30466 |
T30467 |
compound |
transcription,factors |
R6121 |
T30467 |
T30465 |
pobj |
factors,of |
R6122 |
T30468 |
T30467 |
acl |
involved,factors |
R6123 |
T30469 |
T30468 |
prep |
in,involved |
R6124 |
T30490 |
T30491 |
nsubj |
expression,triggers |
R6125 |
T30470 |
T30471 |
nmod |
energy,processes |
R6126 |
T30471 |
T30469 |
pobj |
processes,in |
R6127 |
T30472 |
T30471 |
amod |
metabolic,processes |
R6128 |
T30473 |
T30471 |
prep |
including,processes |
R6129 |
T30474 |
T30475 |
amod |
fatty,acid |
R6130 |
T30475 |
T30476 |
compound |
acid,oxidation |
R6131 |
T30476 |
T30473 |
pobj |
oxidation,including |
R6132 |
T30477 |
T30476 |
punct |
", ",oxidation |
R6133 |
T30478 |
T30479 |
compound |
electron,transport |
R6134 |
T30479 |
T30476 |
conj |
transport,oxidation |
R6135 |
T30480 |
T30479 |
punct |
", ",transport |
R6136 |
T30492 |
T30490 |
prep |
of,expression |
R6137 |
T30481 |
T30479 |
cc |
and,transport |
R6138 |
T30482 |
T30483 |
amod |
oxidative,phosphorylation |
R6139 |
T30483 |
T30479 |
conj |
phosphorylation,transport |
R6140 |
T30484 |
T30485 |
punct |
[,6 |
R6141 |
T30493 |
T30494 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R6142 |
T30485 |
T30444 |
parataxis |
6,shown |
R6143 |
T30494 |
T30492 |
pobj |
1α,of |
R6144 |
T30495 |
T30494 |
punct |
-,1α |
R6145 |
T30496 |
T30497 |
amod |
mitochondrial,biogenesis |
R6146 |
T30497 |
T30491 |
dobj |
biogenesis,triggers |
R6147 |
T30498 |
T30491 |
prep |
by,triggers |
R6148 |
T30499 |
T30498 |
pcomp |
activating,by |
R6149 |
T30592 |
T30591 |
punct |
", ",support |
R6150 |
T30500 |
T30501 |
det |
a,circuitry |
R6151 |
T30593 |
T30594 |
amod |
several,lines |
R6152 |
T30594 |
T30591 |
nsubj |
lines,support |
R6153 |
T30595 |
T30594 |
prep |
of,lines |
R6154 |
T30501 |
T30499 |
dobj |
circuitry,activating |
R6155 |
T30596 |
T30595 |
pobj |
evidence,of |
R6156 |
T30597 |
T30598 |
det |
the,conclusion |
R6157 |
T30502 |
T30501 |
amod |
complex,circuitry |
R6158 |
T30598 |
T30591 |
dobj |
conclusion,support |
R6159 |
T30599 |
T30600 |
mark |
that,is |
R6160 |
T30600 |
T30598 |
acl |
is,conclusion |
R6161 |
T30503 |
T30501 |
prep |
of,circuitry |
R6162 |
T30601 |
T30602 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R6163 |
T30602 |
T30600 |
nsubj |
1α,is |
R6164 |
T30504 |
T30503 |
pobj |
factors,of |
R6165 |
T30603 |
T30602 |
punct |
-,1α |
R6166 |
T30604 |
T30600 |
acomp |
necessary,is |
R6167 |
T30605 |
T30604 |
prep |
for,necessary |
R6168 |
T30505 |
T30504 |
prep |
including,factors |
R6169 |
T30606 |
T30607 |
det |
the,programs |
R6170 |
T30607 |
T30605 |
pobj |
programs,for |
R6171 |
T30608 |
T30609 |
dep |
that,regulate |
R6172 |
T30506 |
T30505 |
pobj |
NRF,including |
R6173 |
T30609 |
T30607 |
relcl |
regulate,programs |
R6174 |
T30507 |
T30506 |
punct |
-,NRF |
R6175 |
T30610 |
T30611 |
amod |
postnatal,function |
R6176 |
T30611 |
T30609 |
dobj |
function,regulate |
R6177 |
T30612 |
T30611 |
amod |
mitochondrial,function |
R6178 |
T30613 |
T30611 |
cc |
and,function |
R6179 |
T30508 |
T30506 |
nummod |
1,NRF |
R6180 |
T30614 |
T30615 |
amod |
cellular,metabolism |
R6181 |
T30615 |
T30611 |
conj |
metabolism,function |
R6182 |
T30616 |
T30615 |
compound |
energy,metabolism |
R6183 |
T30617 |
T30611 |
punct |
", ",function |
R6184 |
T30618 |
T30611 |
appos |
processes,function |
R6185 |
T30619 |
T30620 |
dep |
that,equip |
R6186 |
T30509 |
T30506 |
punct |
", ",NRF |
R6187 |
T30620 |
T30618 |
relcl |
equip,processes |
R6188 |
T30621 |
T30622 |
det |
the,organism |
R6189 |
T30622 |
T30620 |
dobj |
organism,equip |
R6190 |
T30510 |
T30506 |
conj |
NRF,NRF |
R6191 |
T30623 |
T30620 |
prep |
for,equip |
R6192 |
T30624 |
T30625 |
det |
the,rigors |
R6193 |
T30625 |
T30623 |
pobj |
rigors,for |
R6194 |
T30511 |
T30510 |
punct |
-,NRF |
R6195 |
T30626 |
T30627 |
npadvmod |
energy,metabolic |
R6196 |
T30627 |
T30625 |
amod |
metabolic,rigors |
R6197 |
T30512 |
T30510 |
nummod |
2,NRF |
R6198 |
T30628 |
T30625 |
prep |
of,rigors |
R6199 |
T30629 |
T30630 |
det |
the,environment |
R6200 |
T30630 |
T30628 |
pobj |
environment,of |
R6201 |
T30513 |
T30510 |
punct |
", ",NRF |
R6202 |
T30631 |
T30630 |
amod |
postnatal,environment |
R6203 |
T30632 |
T30591 |
punct |
.,support |
R6204 |
T30514 |
T30510 |
cc |
and,NRF |
R6205 |
T30634 |
T30635 |
advmod |
First,diminished |
R6206 |
T30515 |
T30516 |
det |
the,receptor |
R6207 |
T30636 |
T30635 |
punct |
", ",diminished |
R6208 |
T30637 |
T30638 |
amod |
mitochondrial,density |
R6209 |
T30638 |
T30635 |
nsubjpass |
density,diminished |
R6210 |
T30516 |
T30510 |
conj |
receptor,NRF |
R6211 |
T30639 |
T30638 |
compound |
volume,density |
R6212 |
T30640 |
T30635 |
auxpass |
is,diminished |
R6213 |
T30641 |
T30635 |
prep |
in,diminished |
R6214 |
T30517 |
T30516 |
nmod |
orphan,receptor |
R6215 |
T30642 |
T30643 |
amod |
slow,twitch |
R6216 |
T30643 |
T30645 |
nmod |
twitch,muscle |
R6217 |
T30518 |
T30516 |
amod |
nuclear,receptor |
R6218 |
T30644 |
T30643 |
punct |
-,twitch |
R6219 |
T30645 |
T30641 |
pobj |
muscle,in |
R6220 |
T30646 |
T30645 |
amod |
skeletal,muscle |
R6221 |
T30519 |
T30520 |
npadvmod |
estrogen,related |
R6222 |
T30647 |
T30645 |
prep |
of,muscle |
R6223 |
T30648 |
T30649 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R6224 |
T30649 |
T30651 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R6225 |
T30520 |
T30522 |
amod |
related,α |
R6226 |
T30650 |
T30649 |
punct |
-,1α |
R6227 |
T30651 |
T30647 |
pobj |
mice,of |
R6228 |
T30521 |
T30520 |
punct |
-,related |
R6229 |
T30652 |
T30649 |
punct |
−,1α |
R6230 |
T30653 |
T30649 |
punct |
/,1α |
R6231 |
T30654 |
T30649 |
punct |
−,1α |
R6232 |
T30655 |
T30635 |
punct |
.,diminished |
R6233 |
T30522 |
T30516 |
appos |
α,receptor |
R6234 |
T30657 |
T30658 |
advmod |
Second,altered |
R6235 |
T30659 |
T30658 |
punct |
", ",altered |
R6236 |
T30523 |
T30522 |
compound |
receptor,α |
R6237 |
T30660 |
T30661 |
amod |
mitochondrial,capacity |
R6238 |
T30661 |
T30658 |
nsubjpass |
capacity,altered |
R6239 |
T30662 |
T30661 |
amod |
respiratory,capacity |
R6240 |
T30524 |
T30525 |
punct |
[,32 |
R6241 |
T30663 |
T30658 |
auxpass |
is,altered |
R6242 |
T30664 |
T30658 |
advmod |
modestly,altered |
R6243 |
T30665 |
T30664 |
cc |
but,modestly |
R6244 |
T30525 |
T30491 |
parataxis |
32,triggers |
R6245 |
T30666 |
T30664 |
conj |
significantly,modestly |
R6246 |
T30667 |
T30658 |
prep |
in,altered |
R6247 |
T30668 |
T30669 |
amod |
skeletal,muscle |
R6248 |
T30526 |
T30525 |
nummod |
23,32 |
R6249 |
T30669 |
T30667 |
pobj |
muscle,in |
R6250 |
T30670 |
T30669 |
cc |
and,muscle |
R6251 |
T30527 |
T30525 |
punct |
",",32 |
R6253 |
T30528 |
T30525 |
punct |
],32 |
R6254 |
T30672 |
T30669 |
prep |
of,muscle |
R6255 |
T30673 |
T30674 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R6256 |
T30529 |
T30491 |
punct |
.,triggers |
R6257 |
T30674 |
T30676 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R6258 |
T30675 |
T30674 |
punct |
-,1α |
R6259 |
T30676 |
T30672 |
pobj |
mice,of |
R6260 |
T30531 |
T30532 |
advmod |
However,determine |
R6261 |
T30677 |
T30674 |
punct |
−,1α |
R6262 |
T30678 |
T30674 |
punct |
/,1α |
R6263 |
T30679 |
T30674 |
punct |
−,1α |
R6264 |
T30680 |
T30658 |
punct |
.,altered |
R6265 |
T30533 |
T30532 |
punct |
", ",determine |
R6266 |
T30682 |
T30683 |
advmod |
Third,blunted |
R6267 |
T30534 |
T30535 |
nmod |
gain,strategies |
R6268 |
T30684 |
T30683 |
punct |
", ",blunted |
R6269 |
T30685 |
T30686 |
det |
the,growth |
R6270 |
T30686 |
T30683 |
nsubjpass |
growth,blunted |
R6271 |
T30535 |
T30532 |
nsubj |
strategies,determine |
R6272 |
T30687 |
T30686 |
prep |
of,growth |
R6273 |
T30688 |
T30687 |
pobj |
heart,of |
R6274 |
T30536 |
T30534 |
punct |
-,gain |
R6275 |
T30689 |
T30688 |
cc |
and,heart |
R6276 |
T30690 |
T30691 |
compound |
soleus,muscle |
R6277 |
T30691 |
T30688 |
conj |
muscle,heart |
R6278 |
T30692 |
T30688 |
punct |
", ",heart |
R6279 |
T30537 |
T30534 |
prep |
of,gain |
R6280 |
T30693 |
T30688 |
appos |
tissues,heart |
R6281 |
T30538 |
T30537 |
punct |
-,of |
R6282 |
T30694 |
T30693 |
prep |
with,tissues |
R6283 |
T30695 |
T30696 |
amod |
high,reliance |
R6284 |
T30696 |
T30694 |
pobj |
reliance,with |
R6285 |
T30539 |
T30537 |
pobj |
function,of |
R6286 |
T30540 |
T30532 |
aux |
can,determine |
R6287 |
T30697 |
T30696 |
prep |
on,reliance |
R6288 |
T30698 |
T30699 |
amod |
mitochondrial,production |
R6289 |
T30699 |
T30697 |
pobj |
production,on |
R6290 |
T30541 |
T30532 |
neg |
not,determine |
R6291 |
T30700 |
T30699 |
compound |
energy,production |
R6292 |
T30701 |
T30683 |
punct |
", ",blunted |
R6293 |
T30542 |
T30543 |
mark |
whether,is |
R6294 |
T30702 |
T30683 |
auxpass |
is,blunted |
R6295 |
T30703 |
T30683 |
punct |
.,blunted |
R6296 |
T30543 |
T30532 |
ccomp |
is,determine |
R6297 |
T30705 |
T30706 |
advmod |
Fourth,is |
R6298 |
T30707 |
T30706 |
punct |
", ",is |
R6299 |
T30544 |
T30545 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R6300 |
T30708 |
T30706 |
nsubj |
control,is |
R6301 |
T30709 |
T30708 |
prep |
of,control |
R6302 |
T30710 |
T30711 |
compound |
body,fat |
R6303 |
T30711 |
T30712 |
compound |
fat,mass |
R6304 |
T30545 |
T30543 |
nsubj |
1α,is |
R6305 |
T30712 |
T30709 |
pobj |
mass,of |
R6306 |
T30713 |
T30706 |
acomp |
abnormal,is |
R6307 |
T30546 |
T30545 |
punct |
-,1α |
R6308 |
T30714 |
T30706 |
prep |
in,is |
R6309 |
T30715 |
T30716 |
det |
the,mice |
R6310 |
T30716 |
T30714 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R6311 |
T30547 |
T30543 |
acomp |
essential,is |
R6312 |
T30717 |
T30718 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R6313 |
T30718 |
T30716 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R6314 |
T30719 |
T30718 |
punct |
-,1α |
R6315 |
T30548 |
T30547 |
prep |
for,essential |
R6316 |
T30720 |
T30718 |
punct |
−,1α |
R6317 |
T30721 |
T30718 |
punct |
/,1α |
R6318 |
T30549 |
T30550 |
amod |
critical,processes |
R6319 |
T30722 |
T30718 |
punct |
−,1α |
R6320 |
T30723 |
T30706 |
punct |
.,is |
R6321 |
T30550 |
T30548 |
pobj |
processes,for |
R6322 |
T30725 |
T30726 |
advmod |
Finally,respond |
R6323 |
T30551 |
T30552 |
npadvmod |
energy,metabolic |
R6324 |
T30727 |
T30726 |
punct |
", ",respond |
R6325 |
T30728 |
T30729 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R6326 |
T30729 |
T30731 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R6327 |
T30552 |
T30550 |
amod |
metabolic,processes |
R6328 |
T30730 |
T30729 |
punct |
-,1α |
R6329 |
T30731 |
T30726 |
nsubj |
mice,respond |
R6330 |
T30732 |
T30729 |
punct |
−,1α |
R6331 |
T30553 |
T30550 |
prep |
including,processes |
R6332 |
T30733 |
T30729 |
punct |
/,1α |
R6333 |
T30734 |
T30729 |
punct |
−,1α |
R6334 |
T30554 |
T30555 |
amod |
mitochondrial,biogenesis |
R6335 |
T30735 |
T30726 |
aux |
do,respond |
R6336 |
T30736 |
T30726 |
neg |
not,respond |
R6337 |
T30737 |
T30726 |
advmod |
normally,respond |
R6338 |
T30738 |
T30726 |
prep |
to,respond |
R6339 |
T30739 |
T30740 |
det |
a,variety |
R6340 |
T30555 |
T30553 |
pobj |
biogenesis,including |
R6341 |
T30740 |
T30738 |
pobj |
variety,to |
R6342 |
T30741 |
T30740 |
prep |
of,variety |
R6343 |
T30742 |
T30743 |
amod |
physiologic,stresses |
R6344 |
T30556 |
T30555 |
cc |
and,biogenesis |
R6345 |
T30743 |
T30741 |
pobj |
stresses,of |
R6346 |
T30744 |
T30742 |
cc |
and,physiologic |
R6347 |
T30745 |
T30742 |
conj |
dietary,physiologic |
R6348 |
T30557 |
T30555 |
conj |
function,biogenesis |
R6349 |
T30746 |
T30743 |
acl |
known,stresses |
R6350 |
T30747 |
T30748 |
aux |
to,increase |
R6351 |
T30558 |
T30532 |
punct |
.,determine |
R6352 |
T30748 |
T30746 |
xcomp |
increase,known |
R6353 |
T30749 |
T30750 |
amod |
oxidative,demands |
R6354 |
T30750 |
T30748 |
dobj |
demands,increase |
R6355 |
T30560 |
T30561 |
advcl |
Using,show |
R6356 |
T30751 |
T30750 |
compound |
energy,demands |
R6357 |
T30752 |
T30726 |
punct |
.,respond |
R6358 |
T30754 |
T30755 |
advcl |
Taken,suggest |
R6359 |
T30562 |
T30563 |
amod |
targeted,deletion |
R6360 |
T30756 |
T30754 |
advmod |
together,Taken |
R6361 |
T30757 |
T30755 |
punct |
", ",suggest |
R6362 |
T30758 |
T30759 |
det |
these,results |
R6363 |
T30563 |
T30560 |
dobj |
deletion,Using |
R6364 |
T30759 |
T30755 |
nsubj |
results,suggest |
R6365 |
T30760 |
T30755 |
advmod |
strongly,suggest |
R6366 |
T30564 |
T30563 |
compound |
gene,deletion |
R6367 |
T30565 |
T30560 |
prep |
in,Using |
R6368 |
T30761 |
T30762 |
mark |
that,is |
R6369 |
T30762 |
T30755 |
ccomp |
is,suggest |
R6370 |
T30566 |
T30565 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R6371 |
T30763 |
T30764 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R6372 |
T30764 |
T30762 |
nsubj |
1α,is |
R6373 |
T30765 |
T30764 |
punct |
-,1α |
R6374 |
T30567 |
T30561 |
punct |
", ",show |
R6375 |
T30766 |
T30762 |
acomp |
necessary,is |
R6376 |
T30767 |
T30766 |
prep |
for,necessary |
R6377 |
T30768 |
T30769 |
det |
the,stages |
R6378 |
T30568 |
T30561 |
nsubj |
we,show |
R6379 |
T30769 |
T30767 |
pobj |
stages,for |
R6380 |
T30569 |
T30561 |
advmod |
here,show |
R6381 |
T30770 |
T30769 |
amod |
terminal,stages |
R6382 |
T30771 |
T30769 |
prep |
of,stages |
R6383 |
T30772 |
T30773 |
amod |
mitochondrial,maturation |
R6384 |
T30570 |
T30571 |
mark |
that,is |
R6385 |
T30773 |
T30771 |
pobj |
maturation,of |
R6386 |
T30774 |
T30769 |
amod |
necessary,stages |
R6387 |
T30775 |
T30776 |
aux |
to,meet |
R6388 |
T30571 |
T30561 |
ccomp |
is,show |
R6389 |
T30776 |
T30774 |
xcomp |
meet,necessary |
R6390 |
T30572 |
T30573 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R6391 |
T30777 |
T30778 |
det |
the,demands |
R6392 |
T30778 |
T30776 |
dobj |
demands,meet |
R6393 |
T30573 |
T30571 |
nsubj |
1α,is |
R6394 |
T30779 |
T30778 |
compound |
energy,demands |
R6395 |
T30780 |
T30778 |
prep |
of,demands |
R6396 |
T30574 |
T30573 |
punct |
-,1α |
R6397 |
T30781 |
T30782 |
det |
the,environment |
R6398 |
T30782 |
T30780 |
pobj |
environment,of |
R6399 |
T30575 |
T30571 |
neg |
not,is |
R6400 |
T30783 |
T30782 |
amod |
postnatal,environment |
R6401 |
T30784 |
T30755 |
punct |
.,suggest |
R6402 |
T30576 |
T30571 |
acomp |
essential,is |
R6403 |
T30786 |
T30787 |
amod |
Extensive,analyses |
R6404 |
T30787 |
T30789 |
nsubj |
analyses,demonstrated |
R6405 |
T30577 |
T30576 |
prep |
for,essential |
R6406 |
T30788 |
T30787 |
amod |
phenotypic,analyses |
R6407 |
T30790 |
T30791 |
mark |
that,are |
R6408 |
T30578 |
T30579 |
amod |
normal,development |
R6409 |
T30791 |
T30789 |
ccomp |
are,demonstrated |
R6410 |
T30792 |
T30791 |
nsubj |
mice,are |
R6411 |
T30793 |
T30792 |
acl |
lacking,mice |
R6412 |
T30579 |
T30577 |
pobj |
development,for |
R6413 |
T30794 |
T30795 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R6414 |
T30795 |
T30793 |
dobj |
1α,lacking |
R6415 |
T30796 |
T30795 |
punct |
-,1α |
R6416 |
T30580 |
T30579 |
amod |
embryologic,development |
R6417 |
T30797 |
T30791 |
acomp |
unable,are |
R6418 |
T30798 |
T30799 |
aux |
to,cope |
R6419 |
T30581 |
T30579 |
cc |
or,development |
R6420 |
T30799 |
T30797 |
xcomp |
cope,unable |
R6421 |
T30800 |
T30799 |
prep |
with,cope |
R6422 |
T30801 |
T30802 |
amod |
physiologic,stressors |
R6423 |
T30582 |
T30583 |
det |
the,events |
R6424 |
T30802 |
T30800 |
pobj |
stressors,with |
R6425 |
T30583 |
T30579 |
conj |
events,development |
R6426 |
T30584 |
T30583 |
amod |
fundamental,events |
R6427 |
T30585 |
T30583 |
prep |
of,events |
R6428 |
T30803 |
T30802 |
amod |
relevant,stressors |
R6429 |
T30804 |
T30803 |
prep |
to,relevant |
R6430 |
T30586 |
T30587 |
amod |
mitochondrial,biogenesis |
R6431 |
T30805 |
T30806 |
amod |
postnatal,survival |
R6432 |
T30806 |
T30804 |
pobj |
survival,to |
R6433 |
T30807 |
T30789 |
punct |
.,demonstrated |
R6434 |
T30587 |
T30585 |
pobj |
biogenesis,of |
R6435 |
T30809 |
T30810 |
prep |
For,unveiled |
R6436 |
T30588 |
T30561 |
punct |
.,show |
R6437 |
T30811 |
T30809 |
pobj |
example,For |
R6438 |
T30812 |
T30810 |
punct |
", ",unveiled |
R6439 |
T30813 |
T30814 |
det |
a,phenotype |
R6440 |
T30814 |
T30810 |
nsubjpass |
phenotype,unveiled |
R6441 |
T30590 |
T30591 |
advmod |
However,support |
R6442 |
T30815 |
T30816 |
amod |
skeletal,muscle |
R6443 |
T30816 |
T30814 |
compound |
muscle,phenotype |
R6444 |
T30817 |
T30810 |
auxpass |
was,unveiled |
R6445 |
T30818 |
T30810 |
prep |
in,unveiled |
R6446 |
T30819 |
T30820 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R6447 |
T30909 |
T30908 |
compound |
heart,rate |
R6448 |
T30820 |
T30822 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R6449 |
T30821 |
T30820 |
punct |
-,1α |
R6450 |
T30822 |
T30818 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R6451 |
T30823 |
T30820 |
punct |
−,1α |
R6452 |
T30910 |
T30904 |
punct |
", ",abnormalities |
R6453 |
T30824 |
T30820 |
punct |
/,1α |
R6454 |
T30825 |
T30820 |
punct |
−,1α |
R6455 |
T30911 |
T30904 |
prep |
including,abnormalities |
R6456 |
T30826 |
T30810 |
prep |
under,unveiled |
R6457 |
T30827 |
T30826 |
pobj |
conditions,under |
R6458 |
T30828 |
T30829 |
prep |
in,becomes |
R6459 |
T30912 |
T30913 |
det |
a,response |
R6460 |
T30829 |
T30827 |
relcl |
becomes,conditions |
R6461 |
T30830 |
T30828 |
pobj |
which,in |
R6462 |
T30831 |
T30832 |
compound |
energy,supply |
R6463 |
T30913 |
T30911 |
pobj |
response,including |
R6464 |
T30832 |
T30829 |
nsubj |
supply,becomes |
R6465 |
T30833 |
T30829 |
acomp |
limiting,becomes |
R6466 |
T30914 |
T30913 |
amod |
blunted,response |
R6467 |
T30834 |
T30810 |
punct |
.,unveiled |
R6468 |
T30836 |
T30837 |
nsubjpass |
This,demonstrated |
R6469 |
T30915 |
T30913 |
prep |
to,response |
R6470 |
T30838 |
T30837 |
auxpass |
was,demonstrated |
R6471 |
T30916 |
T30917 |
npadvmod |
β,adrenergic |
R6472 |
T30839 |
T30840 |
advmod |
most,clearly |
R6473 |
T30840 |
T30837 |
advmod |
clearly,demonstrated |
R6474 |
T30841 |
T30837 |
agent |
by,demonstrated |
R6475 |
T30917 |
T30919 |
amod |
adrenergic,stimulation |
R6476 |
T30842 |
T30843 |
det |
the,abnormalities |
R6477 |
T30843 |
T30841 |
pobj |
abnormalities,by |
R6478 |
T30844 |
T30843 |
amod |
profound,abnormalities |
R6479 |
T30918 |
T30917 |
punct |
-,adrenergic |
R6480 |
T30845 |
T30843 |
acl |
exhibited,abnormalities |
R6481 |
T30846 |
T30845 |
agent |
by,exhibited |
R6482 |
T30847 |
T30848 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R6483 |
T30919 |
T30915 |
pobj |
stimulation,to |
R6484 |
T30920 |
T30901 |
punct |
", ",is |
R6485 |
T30921 |
T30901 |
acomp |
unknown,is |
R6486 |
T30848 |
T30850 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R6487 |
T30849 |
T30848 |
punct |
-,1α |
R6488 |
T30922 |
T30901 |
punct |
", ",is |
R6489 |
T30850 |
T30846 |
pobj |
mice,by |
R6490 |
T30851 |
T30848 |
punct |
−,1α |
R6491 |
T30852 |
T30848 |
punct |
/,1α |
R6492 |
T30853 |
T30848 |
punct |
−,1α |
R6493 |
T30854 |
T30845 |
prep |
with,exhibited |
R6494 |
T30923 |
T30901 |
cc |
but,is |
R6495 |
T30855 |
T30856 |
nmod |
exercise,studies |
R6496 |
T30856 |
T30854 |
pobj |
studies,with |
R6497 |
T30924 |
T30925 |
aux |
could,be |
R6498 |
T30857 |
T30855 |
punct |
-,exercise |
R6499 |
T30858 |
T30855 |
prep |
to,exercise |
R6500 |
T30859 |
T30858 |
punct |
-,to |
R6501 |
T30860 |
T30858 |
pobj |
exhaustion,to |
R6502 |
T30925 |
T30901 |
conj |
be,is |
R6503 |
T30861 |
T30855 |
cc |
and,exercise |
R6504 |
T30862 |
T30863 |
amod |
repetitive,stimulation |
R6505 |
T30926 |
T30925 |
acomp |
related,be |
R6506 |
T30863 |
T30855 |
conj |
stimulation,exercise |
R6507 |
T30864 |
T30863 |
compound |
muscle,stimulation |
R6508 |
T30865 |
T30837 |
punct |
.,demonstrated |
R6509 |
T30927 |
T30926 |
prep |
to,related |
R6510 |
T30867 |
T30868 |
advmod |
Similarly,compromised |
R6511 |
T30928 |
T30929 |
det |
the,effects |
R6512 |
T30869 |
T30868 |
punct |
", ",compromised |
R6513 |
T30870 |
T30871 |
amod |
cardiac,performance |
R6514 |
T30929 |
T30927 |
pobj |
effects,to |
R6515 |
T30871 |
T30868 |
nsubjpass |
performance,compromised |
R6516 |
T30872 |
T30871 |
prep |
of,performance |
R6517 |
T30930 |
T30929 |
prep |
of,effects |
R6518 |
T30873 |
T30874 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R6519 |
T30874 |
T30876 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R6520 |
T30875 |
T30874 |
punct |
-,1α |
R6521 |
T30931 |
T30932 |
amod |
late,stage |
R6522 |
T30876 |
T30872 |
pobj |
mice,of |
R6523 |
T30877 |
T30874 |
punct |
−,1α |
R6524 |
T30878 |
T30874 |
punct |
/,1α |
R6525 |
T30932 |
T30934 |
compound |
stage,arrest |
R6526 |
T30879 |
T30874 |
punct |
−,1α |
R6527 |
T30880 |
T30868 |
auxpass |
was,compromised |
R6528 |
T30881 |
T30868 |
prep |
following,compromised |
R6529 |
T30933 |
T30932 |
punct |
-,stage |
R6530 |
T30882 |
T30883 |
amod |
severe,exertion |
R6531 |
T30883 |
T30881 |
pobj |
exertion,following |
R6532 |
T30884 |
T30868 |
punct |
.,compromised |
R6533 |
T30934 |
T30930 |
pobj |
arrest,of |
R6534 |
T30886 |
T30887 |
det |
This,effect |
R6535 |
T30887 |
T30888 |
nsubj |
effect,was |
R6536 |
T30935 |
T30934 |
compound |
growth,arrest |
R6537 |
T30889 |
T30888 |
advmod |
largely,was |
R6538 |
T30890 |
T30888 |
prep |
due,was |
R6539 |
T30936 |
T30929 |
cc |
and,effects |
R6540 |
T30891 |
T30890 |
pcomp |
to,due |
R6541 |
T30892 |
T30893 |
det |
an,response |
R6542 |
T30937 |
T30938 |
amod |
corresponding,derangements |
R6543 |
T30893 |
T30890 |
pobj |
response,due |
R6544 |
T30894 |
T30893 |
amod |
abnormal,response |
R6545 |
T30895 |
T30896 |
compound |
heart,rate |
R6546 |
T30896 |
T30893 |
compound |
rate,response |
R6547 |
T30897 |
T30888 |
punct |
.,was |
R6548 |
T30938 |
T30929 |
conj |
derangements,effects |
R6549 |
T30899 |
T30900 |
det |
The,basis |
R6550 |
T30900 |
T30901 |
nsubj |
basis,is |
R6551 |
T30939 |
T30938 |
prep |
in,derangements |
R6552 |
T30902 |
T30900 |
prep |
for,basis |
R6553 |
T30903 |
T30904 |
det |
the,abnormalities |
R6554 |
T30904 |
T30902 |
pobj |
abnormalities,for |
R6555 |
T30940 |
T30941 |
compound |
energy,metabolism |
R6556 |
T30905 |
T30904 |
amod |
observed,abnormalities |
R6557 |
T30906 |
T30904 |
prep |
of,abnormalities |
R6558 |
T30941 |
T30939 |
pobj |
metabolism,in |
R6559 |
T30907 |
T30908 |
amod |
cardiac,rate |
R6560 |
T30908 |
T30906 |
pobj |
rate,of |
R6561 |
T30942 |
T30938 |
prep |
on,derangements |
R6562 |
T30943 |
T30944 |
compound |
sinus,node |
R6563 |
T30944 |
T30945 |
compound |
node,function |
R6564 |
T30945 |
T30942 |
pobj |
function,on |
R6565 |
T31015 |
T31016 |
nsubj |
Studies,confirmed |
R6566 |
T31017 |
T31015 |
prep |
with,Studies |
R6567 |
T30946 |
T30901 |
punct |
.,is |
R6568 |
T31018 |
T31019 |
det |
a,agonist |
R6569 |
T30948 |
T30949 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R6570 |
T31019 |
T31017 |
pobj |
agonist,with |
R6571 |
T30949 |
T30951 |
nsubjpass |
1α,identified |
R6572 |
T31020 |
T31021 |
npadvmod |
β3,adrenergic |
R6573 |
T31021 |
T31019 |
amod |
adrenergic,agonist |
R6574 |
T31022 |
T31021 |
punct |
-,adrenergic |
R6575 |
T30950 |
T30949 |
punct |
-,1α |
R6576 |
T31023 |
T31024 |
mark |
that,diminished |
R6577 |
T31024 |
T31016 |
ccomp |
diminished,confirmed |
R6578 |
T31025 |
T31026 |
det |
the,rate |
R6579 |
T30952 |
T30951 |
auxpass |
was,identified |
R6580 |
T31026 |
T31024 |
nsubjpass |
rate,diminished |
R6581 |
T31027 |
T31026 |
amod |
peak,rate |
R6582 |
T31028 |
T31029 |
compound |
oxygen,consumption |
R6583 |
T31029 |
T31026 |
compound |
consumption,rate |
R6584 |
T30953 |
T30951 |
advmod |
first,identified |
R6585 |
T31030 |
T31026 |
prep |
in,rate |
R6586 |
T31031 |
T31032 |
amod |
thermogenic,tissue |
R6587 |
T30954 |
T30951 |
prep |
as,identified |
R6588 |
T31032 |
T31030 |
pobj |
tissue,in |
R6589 |
T31033 |
T31024 |
auxpass |
is,diminished |
R6590 |
T31034 |
T31024 |
prep |
in,diminished |
R6591 |
T30955 |
T30956 |
det |
a,coactivator |
R6592 |
T31035 |
T31036 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R6593 |
T31036 |
T31038 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R6594 |
T31037 |
T31036 |
punct |
-,1α |
R6595 |
T31038 |
T31034 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R6596 |
T31039 |
T31036 |
punct |
−,1α |
R6597 |
T31040 |
T31036 |
punct |
/,1α |
R6598 |
T30956 |
T30954 |
pobj |
coactivator,as |
R6599 |
T31041 |
T31036 |
punct |
−,1α |
R6600 |
T31042 |
T31016 |
punct |
.,confirmed |
R6601 |
T30957 |
T30951 |
prep |
in,identified |
R6602 |
T31044 |
T31045 |
nsubj |
We,propose |
R6603 |
T31046 |
T31047 |
mark |
that,related |
R6604 |
T30958 |
T30957 |
pobj |
BAT,in |
R6605 |
T31047 |
T31045 |
ccomp |
related,propose |
R6606 |
T31048 |
T31049 |
det |
the,phenotype |
R6607 |
T30959 |
T30960 |
punct |
[,2 |
R6608 |
T31049 |
T31047 |
nsubjpass |
phenotype,related |
R6609 |
T31050 |
T31049 |
amod |
thermogenic,phenotype |
R6610 |
T31051 |
T31047 |
auxpass |
is,related |
R6611 |
T30960 |
T30951 |
parataxis |
2,identified |
R6612 |
T31052 |
T31047 |
prep |
to,related |
R6613 |
T31053 |
T31054 |
amod |
reduced,capacity |
R6614 |
T31054 |
T31052 |
pobj |
capacity,to |
R6615 |
T30961 |
T30960 |
punct |
],2 |
R6616 |
T31055 |
T31054 |
prep |
for,capacity |
R6617 |
T31056 |
T31057 |
amod |
mitochondrial,respiration |
R6618 |
T30962 |
T30951 |
punct |
.,identified |
R6619 |
T31057 |
T31055 |
pobj |
respiration,for |
R6620 |
T31058 |
T31054 |
prep |
in,capacity |
R6621 |
T30964 |
T30965 |
advmod |
Indeed,found |
R6622 |
T31059 |
T31058 |
pobj |
BAT,in |
R6623 |
T31060 |
T31045 |
punct |
.,propose |
R6624 |
T31062 |
T31063 |
advmod |
Interestingly,was |
R6625 |
T30966 |
T30965 |
punct |
", ",found |
R6626 |
T31064 |
T31063 |
punct |
", ",was |
R6627 |
T31065 |
T31066 |
det |
this,phenotype |
R6628 |
T31066 |
T31063 |
nsubj |
phenotype,was |
R6629 |
T31067 |
T31063 |
advmod |
only,was |
R6630 |
T30967 |
T30965 |
nsubj |
we,found |
R6631 |
T31068 |
T31063 |
acomp |
evident,was |
R6632 |
T31069 |
T31063 |
prep |
during,was |
R6633 |
T31070 |
T31071 |
det |
a,window |
R6634 |
T30968 |
T30969 |
mark |
that,resulted |
R6635 |
T31071 |
T31069 |
pobj |
window,during |
R6636 |
T31072 |
T31073 |
advmod |
rather,narrow |
R6637 |
T31073 |
T31071 |
amod |
narrow,window |
R6638 |
T30969 |
T30965 |
ccomp |
resulted,found |
R6639 |
T31074 |
T31071 |
prep |
of,window |
R6640 |
T31075 |
T31076 |
amod |
postnatal,life |
R6641 |
T30970 |
T30969 |
nsubj |
exposure,resulted |
R6642 |
T31076 |
T31074 |
pobj |
life,of |
R6643 |
T31077 |
T31063 |
punct |
.,was |
R6644 |
T30971 |
T30970 |
prep |
of,exposure |
R6645 |
T31079 |
T31080 |
nsubj |
Animals,exhibit |
R6646 |
T30972 |
T30973 |
det |
the,mice |
R6647 |
T31081 |
T31079 |
prep |
at,Animals |
R6648 |
T31082 |
T31083 |
det |
an,age |
R6649 |
T31083 |
T31081 |
pobj |
age,at |
R6650 |
T31084 |
T31083 |
amod |
older,age |
R6651 |
T31085 |
T31080 |
aux |
did,exhibit |
R6652 |
T31086 |
T31080 |
neg |
not,exhibit |
R6653 |
T30973 |
T30971 |
pobj |
mice,of |
R6654 |
T31087 |
T31088 |
compound |
cold,intolerance |
R6655 |
T31088 |
T31080 |
dobj |
intolerance,exhibit |
R6656 |
T31089 |
T31080 |
punct |
", ",exhibit |
R6657 |
T30974 |
T30975 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R6658 |
T31090 |
T31091 |
advmod |
possibly,due |
R6659 |
T31091 |
T31080 |
prep |
due,exhibit |
R6660 |
T31092 |
T31091 |
pcomp |
to,due |
R6661 |
T30975 |
T30973 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R6662 |
T31093 |
T31094 |
det |
the,properties |
R6663 |
T31094 |
T31091 |
pobj |
properties,due |
R6664 |
T31095 |
T31094 |
amod |
insulating,properties |
R6665 |
T30976 |
T30975 |
punct |
-,1α |
R6666 |
T31096 |
T31094 |
prep |
of,properties |
R6667 |
T31097 |
T31098 |
amod |
increased,mass |
R6668 |
T31098 |
T31096 |
pobj |
mass,of |
R6669 |
T30977 |
T30975 |
punct |
−,1α |
R6670 |
T31099 |
T31098 |
compound |
body,mass |
R6671 |
T31100 |
T31080 |
punct |
.,exhibit |
R6672 |
T30978 |
T30975 |
punct |
/,1α |
R6673 |
T31102 |
T31103 |
advmod |
Collectively,demonstrate |
R6674 |
T30979 |
T30975 |
punct |
−,1α |
R6675 |
T31104 |
T31103 |
punct |
", ",demonstrate |
R6676 |
T31105 |
T31106 |
det |
these,results |
R6677 |
T31106 |
T31103 |
nsubj |
results,demonstrate |
R6678 |
T30980 |
T30970 |
prep |
to,exposure |
R6679 |
T31107 |
T31108 |
det |
the,importance |
R6680 |
T31108 |
T31103 |
dobj |
importance,demonstrate |
R6681 |
T31109 |
T31108 |
prep |
of,importance |
R6682 |
T30981 |
T30980 |
pobj |
cold,to |
R6683 |
T31110 |
T31111 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R6684 |
T30982 |
T30981 |
punct |
", ",cold |
R6685 |
T31111 |
T31109 |
pobj |
1α,of |
R6686 |
T30983 |
T30984 |
det |
another,stress |
R6687 |
T31112 |
T31111 |
punct |
-,1α |
R6688 |
T31113 |
T31108 |
prep |
as,importance |
R6689 |
T30984 |
T30981 |
appos |
stress,cold |
R6690 |
T31114 |
T31115 |
det |
a,transducer |
R6691 |
T31115 |
T31113 |
pobj |
transducer,as |
R6692 |
T31116 |
T31115 |
amod |
key,transducer |
R6693 |
T30985 |
T30984 |
amod |
relevant,stress |
R6694 |
T31117 |
T31115 |
prep |
of,transducer |
R6695 |
T31118 |
T31119 |
amod |
physiologic,stimuli |
R6696 |
T31119 |
T31117 |
pobj |
stimuli,of |
R6697 |
T30986 |
T30984 |
amod |
physiologic,stress |
R6698 |
T31120 |
T31115 |
prep |
to,transducer |
R6699 |
T30987 |
T30969 |
punct |
", ",resulted |
R6700 |
T30988 |
T30969 |
prep |
in,resulted |
R6701 |
T30989 |
T30990 |
det |
an,drop |
R6702 |
T31121 |
T31122 |
det |
the,control |
R6703 |
T31122 |
T31120 |
pobj |
control,to |
R6704 |
T30990 |
T30988 |
pobj |
drop,in |
R6705 |
T31123 |
T31122 |
prep |
of,control |
R6706 |
T31124 |
T31125 |
compound |
energy,metabolism |
R6707 |
T30991 |
T30990 |
amod |
untoward,drop |
R6708 |
T31125 |
T31123 |
pobj |
metabolism,of |
R6709 |
T31126 |
T31103 |
punct |
.,demonstrate |
R6710 |
T30992 |
T30990 |
prep |
in,drop |
R6711 |
T31128 |
T31129 |
det |
The,observation |
R6712 |
T31129 |
T31130 |
nsubj |
observation,is |
R6713 |
T30993 |
T30994 |
compound |
core,temperature |
R6714 |
T31131 |
T31129 |
prep |
of,observation |
R6715 |
T31132 |
T31133 |
npadvmod |
fasting,induced |
R6716 |
T30994 |
T30992 |
pobj |
temperature,in |
R6717 |
T31133 |
T31135 |
amod |
induced,steatosis |
R6718 |
T31134 |
T31133 |
punct |
-,induced |
R6719 |
T31135 |
T31131 |
pobj |
steatosis,of |
R6720 |
T30995 |
T30994 |
compound |
body,temperature |
R6721 |
T31136 |
T31135 |
amod |
hepatic,steatosis |
R6722 |
T31137 |
T31138 |
det |
another,example |
R6723 |
T31138 |
T31130 |
attr |
example,is |
R6724 |
T30996 |
T30969 |
advcl |
consistent,resulted |
R6725 |
T31139 |
T31138 |
prep |
of,example |
R6726 |
T31140 |
T31141 |
det |
the,inability |
R6727 |
T30997 |
T30996 |
prep |
with,consistent |
R6728 |
T31141 |
T31139 |
pobj |
inability,of |
R6729 |
T31142 |
T31141 |
prep |
of,inability |
R6730 |
T31143 |
T31144 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R6731 |
T30998 |
T30999 |
det |
an,abnormality |
R6732 |
T31144 |
T31146 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R6733 |
T31145 |
T31144 |
punct |
-,1α |
R6734 |
T30999 |
T30997 |
pobj |
abnormality,with |
R6735 |
T31146 |
T31142 |
pobj |
mice,of |
R6736 |
T31147 |
T31144 |
punct |
−,1α |
R6737 |
T31148 |
T31144 |
punct |
/,1α |
R6738 |
T31000 |
T30999 |
prep |
in,abnormality |
R6739 |
T31149 |
T31144 |
punct |
−,1α |
R6740 |
T31150 |
T31151 |
aux |
to,respond |
R6741 |
T31151 |
T31141 |
acl |
respond,inability |
R6742 |
T31001 |
T31000 |
pobj |
thermogenesis,in |
R6743 |
T31152 |
T31151 |
prep |
to,respond |
R6744 |
T31153 |
T31154 |
amod |
postnatal,environmental |
R6745 |
T31154 |
T31155 |
amod |
environmental,demands |
R6746 |
T31002 |
T30996 |
prep |
despite,consistent |
R6747 |
T31155 |
T31152 |
pobj |
demands,to |
R6748 |
T31156 |
T31155 |
amod |
metabolic,demands |
R6749 |
T31157 |
T31130 |
punct |
.,is |
R6750 |
T31003 |
T31004 |
amod |
normal,induction |
R6751 |
T31159 |
T31160 |
prep |
Following,found |
R6752 |
T31161 |
T31162 |
amod |
short,term |
R6753 |
T31162 |
T31164 |
compound |
term,starvation |
R6754 |
T31163 |
T31162 |
punct |
-,term |
R6755 |
T31004 |
T31002 |
pobj |
induction,despite |
R6756 |
T31164 |
T31159 |
pobj |
starvation,Following |
R6757 |
T31165 |
T31160 |
punct |
", ",found |
R6758 |
T31005 |
T31004 |
compound |
cold,induction |
R6759 |
T31166 |
T31160 |
nsubj |
we,found |
R6760 |
T31167 |
T31168 |
mark |
that,developed |
R6761 |
T31168 |
T31160 |
ccomp |
developed,found |
R6762 |
T31006 |
T31004 |
prep |
of,induction |
R6763 |
T31169 |
T31170 |
det |
the,mice |
R6764 |
T31170 |
T31168 |
nsubj |
mice,developed |
R6765 |
T31007 |
T31008 |
nmod |
UCP,mRNA |
R6766 |
T31171 |
T31172 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R6767 |
T31008 |
T31006 |
pobj |
mRNA,of |
R6768 |
T31172 |
T31170 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R6769 |
T31009 |
T31007 |
punct |
-,UCP |
R6770 |
T31173 |
T31172 |
punct |
-,1α |
R6771 |
T31010 |
T31007 |
nummod |
1,UCP |
R6772 |
T31174 |
T31172 |
punct |
−,1α |
R6773 |
T31175 |
T31172 |
punct |
/,1α |
R6774 |
T31176 |
T31172 |
punct |
−,1α |
R6775 |
T31011 |
T31004 |
prep |
in,induction |
R6776 |
T31177 |
T31178 |
amod |
marked,accumulation |
R6777 |
T31178 |
T31168 |
dobj |
accumulation,developed |
R6778 |
T31012 |
T31011 |
pobj |
BAT,in |
R6779 |
T31179 |
T31180 |
compound |
hepatocyte,triglyceride |
R6780 |
T31180 |
T31178 |
compound |
triglyceride,accumulation |
R6781 |
T31181 |
T31160 |
punct |
.,found |
R6782 |
T31013 |
T30965 |
punct |
.,found |
R6783 |
T31183 |
T31184 |
advmod |
Further,analysis |
R6784 |
T31184 |
T31185 |
nsubj |
analysis,revealed |
R6785 |
T31227 |
T31228 |
amod |
null,hepatocytes |
R6786 |
T31186 |
T31187 |
mark |
that,reduced |
R6787 |
T31187 |
T31185 |
ccomp |
reduced,revealed |
R6788 |
T31188 |
T31189 |
compound |
palmitate,oxidation |
R6789 |
T31228 |
T31223 |
pobj |
hepatocytes,in |
R6790 |
T31189 |
T31190 |
compound |
oxidation,rates |
R6791 |
T31190 |
T31187 |
nsubjpass |
rates,reduced |
R6792 |
T31191 |
T31187 |
auxpass |
were,reduced |
R6793 |
T31192 |
T31187 |
prep |
in,reduced |
R6794 |
T31229 |
T31214 |
neg |
not,was |
R6795 |
T31193 |
T31192 |
pobj |
hepatocytes,in |
R6796 |
T31194 |
T31193 |
acl |
isolated,hepatocytes |
R6797 |
T31230 |
T31214 |
prep |
due,was |
R6798 |
T31195 |
T31194 |
prep |
from,isolated |
R6799 |
T31196 |
T31197 |
det |
the,mice |
R6800 |
T31231 |
T31230 |
pcomp |
to,due |
R6801 |
T31197 |
T31195 |
pobj |
mice,from |
R6802 |
T31232 |
T31233 |
amod |
altered,expression |
R6803 |
T31198 |
T31199 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R6804 |
T31199 |
T31197 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R6805 |
T31200 |
T31199 |
punct |
-,1α |
R6806 |
T31201 |
T31199 |
punct |
−,1α |
R6807 |
T31202 |
T31199 |
punct |
/,1α |
R6808 |
T31233 |
T31230 |
pobj |
expression,due |
R6809 |
T31203 |
T31199 |
punct |
−,1α |
R6810 |
T31204 |
T31187 |
punct |
", ",reduced |
R6811 |
T31205 |
T31206 |
dep |
which,predispose |
R6812 |
T31234 |
T31233 |
prep |
of,expression |
R6813 |
T31206 |
T31187 |
advcl |
predispose,reduced |
R6814 |
T31207 |
T31206 |
aux |
would,predispose |
R6815 |
T31235 |
T31236 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R6816 |
T31208 |
T31206 |
prep |
to,predispose |
R6817 |
T31209 |
T31210 |
compound |
lipid,accumulation |
R6818 |
T31236 |
T31238 |
nmod |
1α,genes |
R6819 |
T31210 |
T31208 |
pobj |
accumulation,to |
R6820 |
T31211 |
T31185 |
punct |
.,revealed |
R6821 |
T31237 |
T31236 |
punct |
-,1α |
R6822 |
T31213 |
T31214 |
advmod |
Surprisingly,was |
R6823 |
T31238 |
T31234 |
pobj |
genes,of |
R6824 |
T31215 |
T31214 |
punct |
", ",was |
R6825 |
T31216 |
T31217 |
det |
the,reduction |
R6826 |
T31239 |
T31236 |
punct |
/,1α |
R6827 |
T31217 |
T31214 |
nsubj |
reduction,was |
R6828 |
T31218 |
T31217 |
prep |
in,reduction |
R6829 |
T31219 |
T31220 |
amod |
fatty,acid |
R6830 |
T31240 |
T31236 |
appos |
PPAR,1α |
R6831 |
T31220 |
T31221 |
compound |
acid,rates |
R6832 |
T31221 |
T31218 |
pobj |
rates,in |
R6833 |
T31222 |
T31221 |
compound |
oxidation,rates |
R6834 |
T31241 |
T31238 |
compound |
target,genes |
R6835 |
T31223 |
T31217 |
prep |
in,reduction |
R6836 |
T31224 |
T31225 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R6837 |
T31225 |
T31227 |
npadvmod |
1α,null |
R6838 |
T31242 |
T31238 |
acl |
involved,genes |
R6839 |
T31226 |
T31225 |
punct |
-,1α |
R6840 |
T31243 |
T31242 |
prep |
in,involved |
R6841 |
T31244 |
T31245 |
amod |
mitochondrial,oxidation |
R6842 |
T31245 |
T31243 |
pobj |
oxidation,in |
R6843 |
T31246 |
T31247 |
amod |
fatty,acid |
R6844 |
T31333 |
T31326 |
prep |
to,contribution |
R6845 |
T31247 |
T31245 |
compound |
acid,oxidation |
R6846 |
T31334 |
T31335 |
det |
the,phenotype |
R6847 |
T31248 |
T31214 |
punct |
.,was |
R6848 |
T31335 |
T31333 |
pobj |
phenotype,to |
R6849 |
T31336 |
T31335 |
amod |
steatotic,phenotype |
R6850 |
T31337 |
T31323 |
aux |
can,discerned |
R6851 |
T31250 |
T31251 |
advmod |
However,diminished |
R6852 |
T31338 |
T31323 |
neg |
not,discerned |
R6853 |
T31339 |
T31323 |
auxpass |
be,discerned |
R6854 |
T31340 |
T31323 |
advmod |
fully,discerned |
R6855 |
T31341 |
T31323 |
prep |
from,discerned |
R6856 |
T31342 |
T31343 |
poss |
our,data |
R6857 |
T31343 |
T31341 |
pobj |
data,from |
R6858 |
T31252 |
T31251 |
punct |
", ",diminished |
R6859 |
T31344 |
T31323 |
punct |
", ",discerned |
R6860 |
T31345 |
T31323 |
prep |
given,discerned |
R6861 |
T31346 |
T31347 |
mark |
that,reflect |
R6862 |
T31347 |
T31345 |
pcomp |
reflect,given |
R6863 |
T31348 |
T31349 |
det |
this,response |
R6864 |
T31253 |
T31254 |
amod |
mitochondrial,rates |
R6865 |
T31349 |
T31347 |
nsubj |
response,reflect |
R6866 |
T31350 |
T31347 |
aux |
could,reflect |
R6867 |
T31254 |
T31251 |
nsubjpass |
rates,diminished |
R6868 |
T31351 |
T31352 |
det |
the,effects |
R6869 |
T31352 |
T31347 |
dobj |
effects,reflect |
R6870 |
T31353 |
T31352 |
amod |
direct,effects |
R6871 |
T31255 |
T31254 |
amod |
respiratory,rates |
R6872 |
T31354 |
T31352 |
prep |
of,effects |
R6873 |
T31355 |
T31356 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R6874 |
T31256 |
T31251 |
auxpass |
were,diminished |
R6875 |
T31356 |
T31358 |
compound |
1α,deficiency |
R6876 |
T31357 |
T31356 |
punct |
-,1α |
R6877 |
T31358 |
T31354 |
pobj |
deficiency,of |
R6878 |
T31257 |
T31251 |
punct |
.,diminished |
R6879 |
T31359 |
T31352 |
prep |
on,effects |
R6880 |
T31360 |
T31361 |
compound |
target,genes |
R6881 |
T31259 |
T31260 |
prep |
In,found |
R6882 |
T31361 |
T31359 |
pobj |
genes,on |
R6883 |
T31362 |
T31347 |
cc |
or,reflect |
R6884 |
T31363 |
T31364 |
det |
a,response |
R6885 |
T31364 |
T31347 |
conj |
response,reflect |
R6886 |
T31261 |
T31259 |
pobj |
addition,In |
R6887 |
T31365 |
T31364 |
amod |
secondary,response |
R6888 |
T31366 |
T31364 |
amod |
compensatory,response |
R6889 |
T31367 |
T31364 |
prep |
to,response |
R6890 |
T31368 |
T31369 |
nmod |
hepatocyte,accumulation |
R6891 |
T31262 |
T31260 |
punct |
", ",found |
R6892 |
T31263 |
T31260 |
nsubj |
we,found |
R6893 |
T31369 |
T31367 |
pobj |
accumulation,to |
R6894 |
T31370 |
T31371 |
amod |
fatty,acid |
R6895 |
T31264 |
T31265 |
mark |
that,activated |
R6896 |
T31371 |
T31369 |
compound |
acid,accumulation |
R6897 |
T31372 |
T31323 |
punct |
.,discerned |
R6898 |
T31265 |
T31260 |
ccomp |
activated,found |
R6899 |
T31374 |
T31375 |
advcl |
Consistent,indicates |
R6900 |
T31266 |
T31267 |
compound |
triglyceride,synthesis |
R6901 |
T31376 |
T31374 |
prep |
with,Consistent |
R6902 |
T31377 |
T31378 |
det |
the,possibility |
R6903 |
T31267 |
T31265 |
nsubjpass |
synthesis,activated |
R6904 |
T31378 |
T31376 |
pobj |
possibility,with |
R6905 |
T31379 |
T31378 |
amod |
former,possibility |
R6906 |
T31268 |
T31265 |
auxpass |
was,activated |
R6907 |
T31380 |
T31375 |
punct |
", ",indicates |
R6908 |
T31381 |
T31382 |
amod |
recent,evidence |
R6909 |
T31382 |
T31375 |
nsubj |
evidence,indicates |
R6910 |
T31383 |
T31384 |
mark |
that,coactivates |
R6911 |
T31384 |
T31375 |
ccomp |
coactivates,indicates |
R6912 |
T31269 |
T31265 |
advmod |
abnormally,activated |
R6914 |
T31386 |
T31384 |
nsubj |
1α,coactivates |
R6915 |
T31387 |
T31386 |
punct |
-,1α |
R6916 |
T31270 |
T31265 |
punct |
", ",activated |
R6918 |
T31389 |
T31384 |
dobj |
receptor,coactivates |
R6919 |
T31271 |
T31265 |
cc |
and,activated |
R6920 |
T31390 |
T31389 |
amod |
nuclear,receptor |
R6921 |
T31391 |
T31389 |
appos |
FXR,receptor |
R6922 |
T31392 |
T31389 |
punct |
", ",receptor |
R6923 |
T31272 |
T31273 |
det |
the,expression |
R6924 |
T31393 |
T31394 |
det |
a,regulator |
R6925 |
T31394 |
T31389 |
appos |
regulator,receptor |
R6926 |
T31273 |
T31274 |
nsubj |
expression,failed |
R6927 |
T31395 |
T31394 |
amod |
negative,regulator |
R6928 |
T31396 |
T31394 |
prep |
of,regulator |
R6929 |
T31397 |
T31398 |
compound |
SREBP,1c |
R6930 |
T31274 |
T31265 |
conj |
failed,activated |
R6931 |
T31398 |
T31400 |
compound |
1c,expression |
R6932 |
T31399 |
T31398 |
punct |
-,1c |
R6933 |
T31400 |
T31396 |
pobj |
expression,of |
R6934 |
T31275 |
T31273 |
prep |
of,expression |
R6935 |
T31401 |
T31400 |
cc |
and,expression |
R6936 |
T31402 |
T31403 |
compound |
triglyceride,synthesis |
R6937 |
T31403 |
T31400 |
conj |
synthesis,expression |
R6938 |
T31276 |
T31275 |
pobj |
genes,of |
R6939 |
T31404 |
T31405 |
punct |
[,33 |
R6940 |
T31405 |
T31375 |
parataxis |
33,indicates |
R6941 |
T31406 |
T31405 |
punct |
],33 |
R6942 |
T31277 |
T31276 |
acl |
encoding,genes |
R6943 |
T31407 |
T31375 |
punct |
.,indicates |
R6944 |
T31278 |
T31279 |
compound |
SREBP,1c |
R6945 |
T31409 |
T31410 |
nsubj |
We,conclude |
R6946 |
T31411 |
T31412 |
mark |
that,result |
R6947 |
T31279 |
T31277 |
dobj |
1c,encoding |
R6948 |
T31412 |
T31410 |
ccomp |
result,conclude |
R6949 |
T31413 |
T31414 |
amod |
reduced,capacity |
R6950 |
T31280 |
T31279 |
punct |
-,1c |
R6951 |
T31414 |
T31412 |
nsubj |
capacity,result |
R6952 |
T31415 |
T31414 |
nmod |
hepatocyte,capacity |
R6953 |
T31416 |
T31414 |
amod |
mitochondrial,capacity |
R6954 |
T31281 |
T31279 |
cc |
and,1c |
R6955 |
T31417 |
T31414 |
amod |
respiratory,capacity |
R6956 |
T31418 |
T31414 |
punct |
", ",capacity |
R6957 |
T31419 |
T31414 |
cc |
and,capacity |
R6958 |
T31282 |
T31279 |
conj |
SCD,1c |
R6959 |
T31420 |
T31421 |
advmod |
possibly,activation |
R6960 |
T31421 |
T31414 |
conj |
activation,capacity |
R6961 |
T31422 |
T31421 |
prep |
of,activation |
R6962 |
T31423 |
T31424 |
amod |
lipogenic,programs |
R6963 |
T31424 |
T31422 |
pobj |
programs,of |
R6964 |
T31283 |
T31282 |
punct |
-,SCD |
R6965 |
T31425 |
T31412 |
punct |
", ",result |
R6966 |
T31426 |
T31412 |
prep |
in,result |
R6967 |
T31427 |
T31428 |
compound |
hepatocyte,triglyceride |
R6968 |
T31284 |
T31282 |
nummod |
1,SCD |
R6969 |
T31428 |
T31429 |
compound |
triglyceride,accumulation |
R6970 |
T31429 |
T31426 |
pobj |
accumulation,in |
R6971 |
T31430 |
T31412 |
prep |
in,result |
R6972 |
T31285 |
T31279 |
punct |
", ",1c |
R6973 |
T31431 |
T31432 |
det |
the,context |
R6974 |
T31432 |
T31430 |
pobj |
context,in |
R6975 |
T31433 |
T31432 |
prep |
of,context |
R6976 |
T31434 |
T31435 |
amod |
increased,delivery |
R6977 |
T31286 |
T31287 |
amod |
key,proteins |
R6978 |
T31435 |
T31433 |
pobj |
delivery,of |
R6979 |
T31436 |
T31435 |
amod |
hepatic,delivery |
R6980 |
T31287 |
T31279 |
appos |
proteins,1c |
R6981 |
T31437 |
T31435 |
prep |
of,delivery |
R6982 |
T31438 |
T31439 |
amod |
fatty,acids |
R6983 |
T31288 |
T31287 |
prep |
in,proteins |
R6984 |
T31289 |
T31290 |
det |
the,pathway |
R6985 |
T31439 |
T31437 |
pobj |
acids,of |
R6986 |
T31440 |
T31435 |
amod |
such,delivery |
R6987 |
T31290 |
T31288 |
pobj |
pathway,in |
R6988 |
T31441 |
T31442 |
mark |
as,occurs |
R6989 |
T31442 |
T31440 |
advcl |
occurs,such |
R6990 |
T31291 |
T31292 |
amod |
hepatic,lipogenic |
R6991 |
T31443 |
T31442 |
prep |
with,occurs |
R6992 |
T31444 |
T31443 |
pobj |
fasting,with |
R6993 |
T31445 |
T31410 |
punct |
.,conclude |
R6994 |
T31292 |
T31290 |
amod |
lipogenic,pathway |
R6995 |
T31447 |
T31448 |
nsubj |
We,found |
R6996 |
T31293 |
T31274 |
punct |
", ",failed |
R6997 |
T31449 |
T31450 |
mark |
that,exhibit |
R6998 |
T31294 |
T31295 |
aux |
to,regulated |
R6999 |
T31295 |
T31274 |
xcomp |
regulated,failed |
R7000 |
T31450 |
T31448 |
ccomp |
exhibit,found |
R7001 |
T31451 |
T31450 |
prep |
after,exhibit |
R7002 |
T31452 |
T31453 |
nummod |
18,wk |
R7003 |
T31296 |
T31295 |
auxpass |
be,regulated |
R7004 |
T31453 |
T31451 |
pobj |
wk,after |
R7005 |
T31454 |
T31453 |
prep |
of,wk |
R7006 |
T31455 |
T31454 |
pobj |
age,of |
R7007 |
T31297 |
T31295 |
advmod |
appropriately,regulated |
R7008 |
T31456 |
T31450 |
punct |
", ",exhibit |
R7009 |
T31457 |
T31458 |
amod |
female,mice |
R7010 |
T31458 |
T31450 |
nsubj |
mice,exhibit |
R7011 |
T31459 |
T31460 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R7012 |
T31460 |
T31458 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R7013 |
T31298 |
T31295 |
advmod |
down,regulated |
R7014 |
T31461 |
T31460 |
punct |
-,1α |
R7015 |
T31462 |
T31460 |
punct |
−,1α |
R7016 |
T31463 |
T31460 |
punct |
/,1α |
R7017 |
T31464 |
T31460 |
punct |
−,1α |
R7018 |
T31299 |
T31295 |
punct |
-,regulated |
R7019 |
T31465 |
T31466 |
det |
a,increase |
R7020 |
T31300 |
T31295 |
prep |
in,regulated |
R7021 |
T31466 |
T31450 |
dobj |
increase,exhibit |
R7022 |
T31467 |
T31466 |
amod |
mild,increase |
R7023 |
T31468 |
T31467 |
cc |
but,mild |
R7024 |
T31301 |
T31302 |
amod |
fasted,mice |
R7025 |
T31469 |
T31470 |
advmod |
significantly,abnormal |
R7026 |
T31470 |
T31467 |
conj |
abnormal,mild |
R7027 |
T31471 |
T31466 |
compound |
weight,increase |
R7028 |
T31302 |
T31300 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R7029 |
T31472 |
T31466 |
acl |
associated,increase |
R7030 |
T31473 |
T31472 |
prep |
with,associated |
R7031 |
T31474 |
T31475 |
amod |
increased,stores |
R7032 |
T31303 |
T31304 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R7033 |
T31475 |
T31473 |
pobj |
stores,with |
R7034 |
T31476 |
T31475 |
compound |
fat,stores |
R7035 |
T31304 |
T31302 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R7036 |
T31477 |
T31448 |
punct |
.,found |
R7037 |
T31479 |
T31480 |
amod |
Lean,mass |
R7038 |
T31305 |
T31304 |
punct |
-,1α |
R7039 |
T31480 |
T31481 |
nsubj |
mass,was |
R7040 |
T31306 |
T31304 |
punct |
−,1α |
R7041 |
T31482 |
T31481 |
acomp |
unchanged,was |
R7042 |
T31483 |
T31481 |
prep |
at,was |
R7043 |
T31484 |
T31485 |
det |
the,points |
R7044 |
T31307 |
T31304 |
punct |
/,1α |
R7045 |
T31485 |
T31483 |
pobj |
points,at |
R7046 |
T31486 |
T31485 |
compound |
time,points |
R7047 |
T31487 |
T31485 |
acl |
examined,points |
R7048 |
T31308 |
T31304 |
punct |
−,1α |
R7049 |
T31488 |
T31481 |
punct |
.,was |
R7050 |
T31490 |
T31491 |
prep |
With,noted |
R7051 |
T31309 |
T31260 |
punct |
.,found |
R7052 |
T31492 |
T31493 |
amod |
further,aging |
R7053 |
T31311 |
T31312 |
det |
The,mechanism |
R7054 |
T31493 |
T31490 |
pobj |
aging,With |
R7055 |
T31494 |
T31491 |
punct |
", ",noted |
R7056 |
T31495 |
T31496 |
det |
a,increase |
R7057 |
T31496 |
T31491 |
nsubjpass |
increase,noted |
R7058 |
T31312 |
T31313 |
nsubj |
mechanism,is |
R7059 |
T31497 |
T31496 |
amod |
modest,increase |
R7060 |
T31498 |
T31497 |
cc |
but,modest |
R7061 |
T31499 |
T31497 |
conj |
significant,modest |
R7062 |
T31314 |
T31312 |
acl |
involved,mechanism |
R7063 |
T31500 |
T31496 |
prep |
in,increase |
R7064 |
T31501 |
T31502 |
compound |
body,fat |
R7065 |
T31502 |
T31500 |
pobj |
fat,in |
R7066 |
T31503 |
T31491 |
auxpass |
was,noted |
R7067 |
T31504 |
T31491 |
advmod |
also,noted |
R7068 |
T31505 |
T31491 |
prep |
in,noted |
R7069 |
T31315 |
T31314 |
prep |
in,involved |
R7070 |
T31506 |
T31507 |
amod |
male,mice |
R7071 |
T31507 |
T31505 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R7072 |
T31508 |
T31509 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R7073 |
T31316 |
T31317 |
det |
this,finding |
R7074 |
T31509 |
T31507 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R7075 |
T31510 |
T31509 |
punct |
-,1α |
R7076 |
T31317 |
T31315 |
pobj |
finding,in |
R7077 |
T31511 |
T31509 |
punct |
−,1α |
R7078 |
T31512 |
T31509 |
punct |
/,1α |
R7079 |
T31513 |
T31509 |
punct |
−,1α |
R7080 |
T31318 |
T31317 |
amod |
latter,finding |
R7081 |
T31514 |
T31515 |
punct |
(,data |
R7082 |
T31515 |
T31491 |
parataxis |
data,noted |
R7083 |
T31516 |
T31515 |
amod |
unpublished,data |
R7084 |
T31319 |
T31313 |
acomp |
unknown,is |
R7085 |
T31517 |
T31515 |
punct |
),data |
R7086 |
T31518 |
T31491 |
punct |
.,noted |
R7087 |
T31320 |
T31313 |
punct |
.,is |
R7088 |
T31520 |
T31521 |
det |
The,basis |
R7089 |
T31521 |
T31522 |
nsubj |
basis,is |
R7090 |
T31322 |
T31323 |
advmod |
Indeed,discerned |
R7091 |
T31523 |
T31521 |
prep |
for,basis |
R7092 |
T31524 |
T31525 |
det |
the,abnormalities |
R7093 |
T31525 |
T31523 |
pobj |
abnormalities,for |
R7094 |
T31526 |
T31525 |
amod |
observed,abnormalities |
R7095 |
T31324 |
T31323 |
punct |
", ",discerned |
R7096 |
T31527 |
T31525 |
prep |
in,abnormalities |
R7097 |
T31528 |
T31529 |
compound |
weight,control |
R7098 |
T31529 |
T31527 |
pobj |
control,in |
R7099 |
T31325 |
T31326 |
det |
the,contribution |
R7100 |
T31530 |
T31522 |
acomp |
unknown,is |
R7101 |
T31531 |
T31522 |
punct |
.,is |
R7102 |
T31326 |
T31323 |
nsubjpass |
contribution,discerned |
R7103 |
T31533 |
T31534 |
nsubj |
We,find |
R7104 |
T31327 |
T31326 |
amod |
relative,contribution |
R7105 |
T31535 |
T31534 |
aux |
did,find |
R7106 |
T31536 |
T31534 |
neg |
not,find |
R7107 |
T31537 |
T31534 |
dobj |
differences,find |
R7108 |
T31328 |
T31326 |
prep |
of,contribution |
R7109 |
T31538 |
T31537 |
prep |
in,differences |
R7110 |
T31539 |
T31540 |
compound |
food,intake |
R7111 |
T31540 |
T31538 |
pobj |
intake,in |
R7112 |
T31329 |
T31330 |
amod |
increased,rates |
R7113 |
T31541 |
T31540 |
cc |
or,intake |
R7114 |
T31542 |
T31543 |
compound |
activity,levels |
R7115 |
T31543 |
T31540 |
conj |
levels,intake |
R7116 |
T31544 |
T31534 |
prep |
in,find |
R7117 |
T31330 |
T31328 |
pobj |
rates,of |
R7118 |
T31331 |
T31332 |
compound |
triglyceride,synthesis |
R7119 |
T31332 |
T31330 |
compound |
synthesis,rates |
R7120 |
T31545 |
T31546 |
amod |
female,mice |
R7121 |
T31651 |
T31650 |
cc |
and,control |
R7122 |
T31546 |
T31544 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R7123 |
T31547 |
T31548 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R7124 |
T31652 |
T31653 |
compound |
fat,distribution |
R7125 |
T31548 |
T31546 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R7126 |
T31549 |
T31548 |
punct |
-,1α |
R7127 |
T31550 |
T31548 |
punct |
−,1α |
R7128 |
T31653 |
T31650 |
conj |
distribution,control |
R7129 |
T31551 |
T31548 |
punct |
/,1α |
R7130 |
T31552 |
T31548 |
punct |
−,1α |
R7131 |
T31654 |
T31615 |
punct |
.,be |
R7132 |
T31553 |
T31534 |
punct |
.,find |
R7133 |
T31555 |
T31556 |
nsubj |
It,is |
R7134 |
T31656 |
T31657 |
nsubj |
We,find |
R7135 |
T31557 |
T31556 |
acomp |
possible,is |
R7136 |
T31558 |
T31559 |
mark |
that,leads |
R7137 |
T31658 |
T31657 |
aux |
did,find |
R7138 |
T31559 |
T31556 |
ccomp |
leads,is |
R7139 |
T31560 |
T31561 |
det |
a,reduction |
R7140 |
T31561 |
T31559 |
nsubj |
reduction,leads |
R7141 |
T31659 |
T31657 |
neg |
not,find |
R7142 |
T31562 |
T31561 |
prep |
in,reduction |
R7143 |
T31563 |
T31564 |
amod |
systemic,utilization |
R7144 |
T31564 |
T31562 |
pobj |
utilization,in |
R7145 |
T31660 |
T31657 |
dobj |
evidence,find |
R7146 |
T31565 |
T31564 |
compound |
energy,utilization |
R7147 |
T31661 |
T31660 |
prep |
for,evidence |
R7148 |
T31662 |
T31663 |
compound |
glucose,intolerance |
R7149 |
T31566 |
T31561 |
punct |
", ",reduction |
R7150 |
T31567 |
T31561 |
acl |
related,reduction |
R7151 |
T31663 |
T31661 |
pobj |
intolerance,for |
R7152 |
T31568 |
T31567 |
prep |
to,related |
R7153 |
T31569 |
T31570 |
det |
the,dysfunction |
R7154 |
T31664 |
T31663 |
cc |
or,intolerance |
R7155 |
T31570 |
T31568 |
pobj |
dysfunction,to |
R7156 |
T31571 |
T31570 |
amod |
mitochondrial,dysfunction |
R7157 |
T31572 |
T31559 |
punct |
", ",leads |
R7158 |
T31665 |
T31666 |
compound |
insulin,resistance |
R7159 |
T31573 |
T31559 |
prep |
to,leads |
R7160 |
T31574 |
T31575 |
amod |
increased,mass |
R7161 |
T31575 |
T31573 |
pobj |
mass,to |
R7162 |
T31666 |
T31663 |
conj |
resistance,intolerance |
R7163 |
T31576 |
T31575 |
compound |
fat,mass |
R7164 |
T31577 |
T31575 |
cc |
and,mass |
R7165 |
T31667 |
T31657 |
prep |
in,find |
R7166 |
T31578 |
T31579 |
compound |
weight,gain |
R7167 |
T31579 |
T31575 |
conj |
gain,mass |
R7168 |
T31580 |
T31559 |
prep |
in,leads |
R7169 |
T31581 |
T31582 |
det |
the,mice |
R7170 |
T31582 |
T31580 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R7171 |
T31583 |
T31584 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R7172 |
T31668 |
T31669 |
det |
the,animals |
R7173 |
T31584 |
T31582 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R7174 |
T31585 |
T31584 |
punct |
-,1α |
R7175 |
T31586 |
T31584 |
punct |
−,1α |
R7176 |
T31669 |
T31667 |
pobj |
animals,in |
R7177 |
T31587 |
T31584 |
punct |
/,1α |
R7178 |
T31588 |
T31584 |
punct |
−,1α |
R7179 |
T31670 |
T31671 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R7180 |
T31589 |
T31556 |
punct |
.,is |
R7181 |
T31591 |
T31592 |
advmod |
Interestingly,reported |
R7182 |
T31671 |
T31669 |
nmod |
1α,animals |
R7183 |
T31593 |
T31592 |
punct |
", ",reported |
R7184 |
T31672 |
T31671 |
punct |
-,1α |
R7185 |
T31594 |
T31595 |
det |
an,association |
R7186 |
T31595 |
T31592 |
nsubjpass |
association,reported |
R7187 |
T31596 |
T31595 |
prep |
between,association |
R7188 |
T31673 |
T31671 |
punct |
−,1α |
R7189 |
T31597 |
T31598 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R7190 |
T31598 |
T31600 |
compound |
1α,polymorphisms |
R7191 |
T31599 |
T31598 |
punct |
-,1α |
R7192 |
T31674 |
T31671 |
punct |
/,1α |
R7193 |
T31600 |
T31596 |
pobj |
polymorphisms,between |
R7194 |
T31601 |
T31600 |
compound |
gene,polymorphisms |
R7195 |
T31675 |
T31671 |
punct |
−,1α |
R7196 |
T31602 |
T31600 |
cc |
and,polymorphisms |
R7197 |
T31603 |
T31600 |
conj |
obesity,polymorphisms |
R7198 |
T31604 |
T31595 |
prep |
in,association |
R7199 |
T31676 |
T31669 |
prep |
on,animals |
R7200 |
T31605 |
T31604 |
pobj |
humans,in |
R7201 |
T31606 |
T31592 |
aux |
has,reported |
R7202 |
T31607 |
T31592 |
auxpass |
been,reported |
R7203 |
T31677 |
T31678 |
amod |
standard,chow |
R7204 |
T31608 |
T31592 |
advmod |
recently,reported |
R7205 |
T31609 |
T31610 |
punct |
[,26 |
R7206 |
T31610 |
T31592 |
parataxis |
26,reported |
R7207 |
T31678 |
T31676 |
pobj |
chow,on |
R7208 |
T31611 |
T31610 |
punct |
],26 |
R7209 |
T31612 |
T31592 |
punct |
.,reported |
R7210 |
T31679 |
T31657 |
punct |
.,find |
R7211 |
T31614 |
T31615 |
advmod |
Clearly,be |
R7212 |
T31681 |
T31682 |
advmod |
Moreover,were |
R7213 |
T31616 |
T31615 |
punct |
", ",be |
R7214 |
T31617 |
T31618 |
amod |
future,studies |
R7215 |
T31618 |
T31615 |
nsubj |
studies,be |
R7216 |
T31683 |
T31682 |
punct |
", ",were |
R7217 |
T31619 |
T31618 |
prep |
of,studies |
R7218 |
T31620 |
T31621 |
amod |
male,mice |
R7219 |
T31621 |
T31619 |
pobj |
mice,of |
R7220 |
T31622 |
T31620 |
cc |
and,male |
R7221 |
T31623 |
T31620 |
conj |
female,male |
R7222 |
T31624 |
T31625 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R7223 |
T31684 |
T31685 |
amod |
female,mice |
R7224 |
T31625 |
T31621 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R7225 |
T31626 |
T31625 |
punct |
-,1α |
R7226 |
T31627 |
T31625 |
punct |
−,1α |
R7227 |
T31685 |
T31682 |
nsubj |
mice,were |
R7228 |
T31628 |
T31625 |
punct |
/,1α |
R7229 |
T31629 |
T31625 |
punct |
−,1α |
R7230 |
T31686 |
T31687 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R7231 |
T31630 |
T31621 |
prep |
in,mice |
R7232 |
T31631 |
T31632 |
amod |
pure,strain |
R7233 |
T31687 |
T31685 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R7234 |
T31632 |
T31634 |
compound |
strain,backgrounds |
R7235 |
T31688 |
T31687 |
punct |
-,1α |
R7236 |
T31633 |
T31632 |
punct |
-,strain |
R7237 |
T31634 |
T31630 |
pobj |
backgrounds,in |
R7238 |
T31635 |
T31621 |
prep |
over,mice |
R7239 |
T31689 |
T31687 |
punct |
−,1α |
R7240 |
T31636 |
T31637 |
det |
a,range |
R7241 |
T31637 |
T31635 |
pobj |
range,over |
R7242 |
T31638 |
T31637 |
prep |
of,range |
R7243 |
T31690 |
T31687 |
punct |
/,1α |
R7244 |
T31639 |
T31638 |
pobj |
ages,of |
R7245 |
T31640 |
T31615 |
aux |
will,be |
R7246 |
T31641 |
T31615 |
acomp |
necessary,be |
R7247 |
T31691 |
T31687 |
punct |
−,1α |
R7248 |
T31642 |
T31643 |
aux |
to,investigate |
R7249 |
T31643 |
T31615 |
advcl |
investigate,be |
R7250 |
T31692 |
T31693 |
advmod |
more,tolerant |
R7251 |
T31644 |
T31643 |
advmod |
fully,investigate |
R7252 |
T31645 |
T31646 |
det |
the,abnormalities |
R7253 |
T31693 |
T31682 |
acomp |
tolerant,were |
R7254 |
T31646 |
T31643 |
dobj |
abnormalities,investigate |
R7255 |
T31647 |
T31646 |
amod |
observed,abnormalities |
R7256 |
T31648 |
T31646 |
prep |
in,abnormalities |
R7257 |
T31694 |
T31693 |
npadvmod |
glucose,tolerant |
R7258 |
T31649 |
T31650 |
compound |
weight,control |
R7259 |
T31650 |
T31648 |
pobj |
control,in |
R7260 |
T31695 |
T31693 |
punct |
-,tolerant |
R7261 |
T31696 |
T31693 |
cc |
and,tolerant |
R7262 |
T31697 |
T31698 |
npadvmod |
insulin,sensitive |
R7263 |
T31698 |
T31693 |
conj |
sensitive,tolerant |
R7264 |
T31756 |
T31757 |
amod |
metabolic,regulatory |
R7265 |
T31699 |
T31698 |
punct |
-,sensitive |
R7266 |
T31757 |
T31755 |
amod |
regulatory,mechanisms |
R7267 |
T31758 |
T31753 |
aux |
have,activated |
R7268 |
T31700 |
T31693 |
prep |
than,tolerant |
R7269 |
T31759 |
T31753 |
auxpass |
been,activated |
R7270 |
T31760 |
T31753 |
prep |
in,activated |
R7271 |
T31761 |
T31762 |
det |
the,mice |
R7272 |
T31762 |
T31760 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R7273 |
T31763 |
T31764 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R7274 |
T31701 |
T31702 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R7275 |
T31764 |
T31766 |
npadvmod |
1α,deficient |
R7276 |
T31765 |
T31764 |
punct |
-,1α |
R7277 |
T31766 |
T31762 |
amod |
deficient,mice |
R7278 |
T31702 |
T31704 |
nmod |
1α,controls |
R7279 |
T31767 |
T31766 |
punct |
-,deficient |
R7280 |
T31768 |
T31753 |
punct |
", ",activated |
R7281 |
T31769 |
T31753 |
advcl |
accounting,activated |
R7282 |
T31703 |
T31702 |
punct |
-,1α |
R7283 |
T31770 |
T31769 |
prep |
for,accounting |
R7284 |
T31771 |
T31772 |
det |
this,observation |
R7285 |
T31704 |
T31700 |
pobj |
controls,than |
R7286 |
T31772 |
T31770 |
pobj |
observation,for |
R7287 |
T31773 |
T31749 |
punct |
.,is |
R7288 |
T31705 |
T31702 |
punct |
+,1α |
R7289 |
T31775 |
T31776 |
advmod |
Alternatively,serve |
R7290 |
T31706 |
T31702 |
punct |
/,1α |
R7291 |
T31777 |
T31776 |
punct |
", ",serve |
R7292 |
T31778 |
T31779 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R7293 |
T31779 |
T31776 |
nsubj |
1α,serve |
R7294 |
T31707 |
T31702 |
punct |
+,1α |
R7295 |
T31780 |
T31779 |
punct |
-,1α |
R7296 |
T31781 |
T31776 |
aux |
could,serve |
R7297 |
T31708 |
T31709 |
advmod |
when,consuming |
R7298 |
T31782 |
T31776 |
prep |
as,serve |
R7299 |
T31783 |
T31784 |
det |
a,coactivator |
R7300 |
T31784 |
T31782 |
pobj |
coactivator,as |
R7301 |
T31709 |
T31682 |
advcl |
consuming,were |
R7302 |
T31785 |
T31784 |
prep |
of,coactivator |
R7303 |
T31786 |
T31785 |
pobj |
factors,of |
R7304 |
T31710 |
T31711 |
det |
a,diet |
R7305 |
T31787 |
T31788 |
dep |
that,mediate |
R7306 |
T31788 |
T31786 |
relcl |
mediate,factors |
R7307 |
T31711 |
T31709 |
dobj |
diet,consuming |
R7308 |
T31789 |
T31790 |
npadvmod |
diet,induced |
R7309 |
T31790 |
T31792 |
amod |
induced,resistance |
R7310 |
T31791 |
T31790 |
punct |
-,induced |
R7311 |
T31712 |
T31713 |
amod |
high,fat |
R7312 |
T31792 |
T31788 |
dobj |
resistance,mediate |
R7313 |
T31793 |
T31792 |
compound |
insulin,resistance |
R7314 |
T31713 |
T31711 |
compound |
fat,diet |
R7315 |
T31794 |
T31776 |
punct |
.,serve |
R7316 |
T31796 |
T31797 |
advcl |
Consistent,shown |
R7317 |
T31714 |
T31713 |
punct |
-,fat |
R7318 |
T31798 |
T31796 |
prep |
with,Consistent |
R7319 |
T31799 |
T31800 |
det |
this,notion |
R7320 |
T31715 |
T31682 |
punct |
.,were |
R7321 |
T31800 |
T31798 |
pobj |
notion,with |
R7322 |
T31801 |
T31797 |
punct |
", ",shown |
R7323 |
T31802 |
T31797 |
nsubj |
we,shown |
R7324 |
T31803 |
T31802 |
cc |
and,we |
R7325 |
T31804 |
T31802 |
conj |
others,we |
R7326 |
T31717 |
T31718 |
det |
These,findings |
R7327 |
T31805 |
T31797 |
aux |
have,shown |
R7328 |
T31806 |
T31807 |
mark |
that,exhibit |
R7329 |
T31718 |
T31719 |
nsubj |
findings,are |
R7330 |
T31807 |
T31797 |
ccomp |
exhibit,shown |
R7331 |
T31720 |
T31719 |
acomp |
surprising,are |
R7332 |
T31808 |
T31807 |
nsubj |
mice,exhibit |
R7333 |
T31809 |
T31808 |
acl |
lacking,mice |
R7334 |
T31810 |
T31811 |
det |
the,target |
R7335 |
T31811 |
T31809 |
dobj |
target,lacking |
R7336 |
T31721 |
T31719 |
punct |
", ",are |
R7337 |
T31812 |
T31813 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R7338 |
T31813 |
T31811 |
compound |
1α,target |
R7339 |
T31814 |
T31813 |
punct |
-,1α |
R7340 |
T31722 |
T31719 |
prep |
given,are |
R7341 |
T31815 |
T31811 |
appos |
PPAR,target |
R7342 |
T31816 |
T31807 |
dobj |
resistance,exhibit |
R7343 |
T31723 |
T31724 |
det |
the,results |
R7344 |
T31817 |
T31816 |
prep |
to,resistance |
R7345 |
T31818 |
T31819 |
npadvmod |
diet,induced |
R7346 |
T31819 |
T31821 |
amod |
induced,intolerance |
R7347 |
T31724 |
T31722 |
pobj |
results,given |
R7348 |
T31820 |
T31819 |
punct |
-,induced |
R7349 |
T31821 |
T31817 |
pobj |
intolerance,to |
R7350 |
T31725 |
T31724 |
prep |
of,results |
R7351 |
T31822 |
T31821 |
compound |
glucose,intolerance |
R7352 |
T31823 |
T31824 |
punct |
[,36 |
R7353 |
T31824 |
T31797 |
parataxis |
36,shown |
R7354 |
T31726 |
T31727 |
amod |
several,studies |
R7355 |
T31825 |
T31824 |
nummod |
21,36 |
R7356 |
T31826 |
T31824 |
punct |
",",36 |
R7357 |
T31827 |
T31824 |
nummod |
35,36 |
R7358 |
T31727 |
T31725 |
pobj |
studies,of |
R7359 |
T31828 |
T31824 |
punct |
",",36 |
R7360 |
T31829 |
T31824 |
punct |
],36 |
R7361 |
T31728 |
T31727 |
amod |
recent,studies |
R7362 |
T31830 |
T31797 |
punct |
.,shown |
R7363 |
T31832 |
T31833 |
amod |
Histologic,surveys |
R7364 |
T31729 |
T31727 |
acl |
demonstrating,studies |
R7365 |
T31833 |
T31834 |
nsubj |
surveys,revealed |
R7366 |
T31835 |
T31833 |
prep |
of,surveys |
R7367 |
T31730 |
T31731 |
amod |
reduced,expression |
R7368 |
T31836 |
T31837 |
det |
the,mice |
R7369 |
T31837 |
T31835 |
pobj |
mice,of |
R7370 |
T31838 |
T31839 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R7371 |
T31731 |
T31729 |
dobj |
expression,demonstrating |
R7372 |
T31839 |
T31837 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R7373 |
T31840 |
T31839 |
punct |
-,1α |
R7374 |
T31841 |
T31839 |
punct |
−,1α |
R7375 |
T31842 |
T31839 |
punct |
/,1α |
R7376 |
T31843 |
T31839 |
punct |
−,1α |
R7377 |
T31732 |
T31731 |
prep |
of,expression |
R7378 |
T31844 |
T31845 |
amod |
ultrastructural,abnormalities |
R7379 |
T31845 |
T31834 |
dobj |
abnormalities,revealed |
R7380 |
T31846 |
T31834 |
prep |
in,revealed |
R7381 |
T31733 |
T31734 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R7382 |
T31847 |
T31848 |
det |
the,system |
R7383 |
T31848 |
T31846 |
pobj |
system,in |
R7384 |
T31849 |
T31848 |
amod |
central,system |
R7385 |
T31734 |
T31732 |
pobj |
1α,of |
R7386 |
T31850 |
T31848 |
amod |
nervous,system |
R7387 |
T31851 |
T31834 |
punct |
.,revealed |
R7388 |
T31735 |
T31734 |
punct |
-,1α |
R7389 |
T31853 |
T31854 |
nsubj |
Inspection,revealed |
R7390 |
T31736 |
T31729 |
prep |
in,demonstrating |
R7391 |
T31855 |
T31853 |
prep |
of,Inspection |
R7392 |
T31856 |
T31855 |
pobj |
sections,of |
R7393 |
T31857 |
T31856 |
acl |
prepared,sections |
R7394 |
T31737 |
T31738 |
amod |
human,muscle |
R7395 |
T31858 |
T31857 |
prep |
from,prepared |
R7396 |
T31859 |
T31860 |
det |
the,brains |
R7397 |
T31860 |
T31858 |
pobj |
brains,from |
R7398 |
T31738 |
T31736 |
pobj |
muscle,in |
R7399 |
T31861 |
T31860 |
prep |
of,brains |
R7400 |
T31739 |
T31738 |
amod |
diabetic,muscle |
R7401 |
T31740 |
T31738 |
amod |
skeletal,muscle |
R7402 |
T31862 |
T31863 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R7403 |
T31741 |
T31742 |
punct |
[,34 |
R7404 |
T31863 |
T31865 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R7405 |
T31864 |
T31863 |
punct |
-,1α |
R7406 |
T31742 |
T31719 |
parataxis |
34,are |
R7407 |
T31865 |
T31861 |
pobj |
mice,of |
R7408 |
T31866 |
T31863 |
punct |
−,1α |
R7409 |
T31867 |
T31863 |
punct |
/,1α |
R7410 |
T31743 |
T31742 |
nummod |
24,34 |
R7411 |
T31868 |
T31863 |
punct |
−,1α |
R7412 |
T31869 |
T31870 |
amod |
patchy,areas |
R7413 |
T31744 |
T31742 |
punct |
",",34 |
R7414 |
T31870 |
T31854 |
dobj |
areas,revealed |
R7415 |
T31871 |
T31870 |
prep |
of,areas |
R7416 |
T31872 |
T31871 |
pobj |
microvacuolation,of |
R7417 |
T31745 |
T31742 |
punct |
],34 |
R7418 |
T31873 |
T31870 |
prep |
in,areas |
R7419 |
T31874 |
T31875 |
det |
the,neurons |
R7420 |
T31746 |
T31719 |
punct |
.,are |
R7421 |
T31875 |
T31873 |
pobj |
neurons,in |
R7422 |
T31876 |
T31875 |
amod |
pyramidal,neurons |
R7423 |
T31877 |
T31875 |
prep |
of,neurons |
R7424 |
T31748 |
T31749 |
nsubj |
It,is |
R7425 |
T31878 |
T31879 |
det |
the,cortex |
R7426 |
T31879 |
T31877 |
pobj |
cortex,of |
R7427 |
T31880 |
T31879 |
amod |
cerebral,cortex |
R7428 |
T31881 |
T31870 |
punct |
", ",areas |
R7429 |
T31882 |
T31870 |
acl |
accompanied,areas |
R7430 |
T31883 |
T31882 |
agent |
by,accompanied |
R7431 |
T31750 |
T31749 |
advmod |
certainly,is |
R7432 |
T31884 |
T31885 |
det |
a,increase |
R7433 |
T31885 |
T31883 |
pobj |
increase,by |
R7434 |
T31886 |
T31885 |
amod |
mild,increase |
R7435 |
T31887 |
T31885 |
prep |
in,increase |
R7436 |
T31751 |
T31749 |
acomp |
possible,is |
R7437 |
T31888 |
T31889 |
det |
the,number |
R7438 |
T31889 |
T31887 |
pobj |
number,in |
R7439 |
T31890 |
T31889 |
prep |
of,number |
R7440 |
T31752 |
T31753 |
mark |
that,activated |
R7441 |
T31891 |
T31890 |
pobj |
astrocytes,of |
R7442 |
T31753 |
T31749 |
ccomp |
activated,is |
R7443 |
T31892 |
T31891 |
prep |
in,astrocytes |
R7444 |
T31754 |
T31755 |
amod |
compensatory,mechanisms |
R7445 |
T31893 |
T31894 |
det |
the,ganglia |
R7446 |
T31894 |
T31892 |
pobj |
ganglia,in |
R7447 |
T31755 |
T31753 |
nsubjpass |
mechanisms,activated |
R7448 |
T31895 |
T31894 |
amod |
basal,ganglia |
R7449 |
T31896 |
T31854 |
punct |
.,revealed |
R7450 |
T31968 |
T31962 |
acomp |
apparent,was |
R7451 |
T31898 |
T31899 |
det |
The,basis |
R7452 |
T31899 |
T31900 |
nsubj |
basis,is |
R7453 |
T31901 |
T31899 |
prep |
for,basis |
R7454 |
T31969 |
T31962 |
prep |
in,was |
R7455 |
T31902 |
T31903 |
det |
this,finding |
R7456 |
T31903 |
T31901 |
pobj |
finding,for |
R7458 |
T31904 |
T31903 |
amod |
interesting,finding |
R7459 |
T31905 |
T31904 |
cc |
but,interesting |
R7460 |
T31906 |
T31907 |
advmod |
relatively,nonspecific |
R7461 |
T31971 |
T31973 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R7462 |
T31907 |
T31904 |
conj |
nonspecific,interesting |
R7463 |
T31908 |
T31900 |
acomp |
unknown,is |
R7464 |
T31972 |
T31971 |
punct |
-,1α |
R7465 |
T31909 |
T31900 |
punct |
.,is |
R7466 |
T31911 |
T31912 |
nsubj |
It,is |
R7467 |
T31973 |
T31969 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R7468 |
T31913 |
T31912 |
acomp |
possible,is |
R7469 |
T31974 |
T31971 |
punct |
−,1α |
R7470 |
T31914 |
T31915 |
mark |
that,plays |
R7471 |
T31915 |
T31912 |
ccomp |
plays,is |
R7472 |
T31916 |
T31917 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R7473 |
T31975 |
T31971 |
punct |
/,1α |
R7474 |
T31917 |
T31915 |
nsubj |
1α,plays |
R7475 |
T31918 |
T31917 |
punct |
-,1α |
R7476 |
T31919 |
T31920 |
det |
an,role |
R7477 |
T31976 |
T31971 |
punct |
−,1α |
R7478 |
T31920 |
T31915 |
dobj |
role,plays |
R7479 |
T31921 |
T31920 |
amod |
important,role |
R7480 |
T31922 |
T31920 |
prep |
in,role |
R7481 |
T31923 |
T31924 |
compound |
lipid,metabolism |
R7482 |
T31924 |
T31922 |
pobj |
metabolism,in |
R7483 |
T31977 |
T31962 |
prep |
during,was |
R7484 |
T31925 |
T31920 |
acl |
related,role |
R7485 |
T31926 |
T31925 |
prep |
to,related |
R7486 |
T31927 |
T31928 |
compound |
membrane,synthesis |
R7487 |
T31978 |
T31979 |
det |
the,mo |
R7488 |
T31928 |
T31926 |
pobj |
synthesis,to |
R7489 |
T31929 |
T31912 |
punct |
.,is |
R7490 |
T31979 |
T31977 |
pobj |
mo,during |
R7491 |
T31931 |
T31932 |
advmod |
Alternatively,altered |
R7492 |
T31980 |
T31979 |
amod |
first,mo |
R7493 |
T31933 |
T31932 |
punct |
", ",altered |
R7494 |
T31934 |
T31935 |
det |
the,process |
R7495 |
T31935 |
T31932 |
nsubjpass |
process,altered |
R7496 |
T31981 |
T31979 |
nummod |
6,mo |
R7497 |
T31936 |
T31935 |
amod |
normal,process |
R7498 |
T31937 |
T31935 |
prep |
of,process |
R7499 |
T31938 |
T31939 |
amod |
cellular,debris |
R7500 |
T31982 |
T31979 |
prep |
of,mo |
R7501 |
T31939 |
T31940 |
compound |
debris,turnover |
R7502 |
T31940 |
T31937 |
pobj |
turnover,of |
R7503 |
T31983 |
T31982 |
pobj |
life,of |
R7504 |
T31941 |
T31932 |
aux |
could,altered |
R7505 |
T31942 |
T31932 |
auxpass |
be,altered |
R7506 |
T31943 |
T31932 |
prep |
due,altered |
R7507 |
T31984 |
T31985 |
punct |
(,found |
R7508 |
T31944 |
T31943 |
pcomp |
to,due |
R7509 |
T31945 |
T31946 |
det |
a,defect |
R7510 |
T31985 |
T31962 |
parataxis |
found,was |
R7511 |
T31946 |
T31943 |
pobj |
defect,due |
R7512 |
T31947 |
T31946 |
prep |
in,defect |
R7513 |
T31948 |
T31949 |
det |
the,energetics |
R7514 |
T31986 |
T31987 |
det |
no,differences |
R7515 |
T31949 |
T31947 |
pobj |
energetics,in |
R7516 |
T31950 |
T31949 |
prep |
of,energetics |
R7517 |
T31951 |
T31952 |
det |
the,component |
R7518 |
T31987 |
T31985 |
nsubjpass |
differences,found |
R7519 |
T31952 |
T31950 |
pobj |
component,of |
R7520 |
T31953 |
T31952 |
amod |
microglial,component |
R7521 |
T31988 |
T31987 |
compound |
group,differences |
R7522 |
T31954 |
T31952 |
prep |
of,component |
R7523 |
T31955 |
T31956 |
det |
the,system |
R7524 |
T31956 |
T31954 |
pobj |
system,of |
R7525 |
T31989 |
T31985 |
auxpass |
were,found |
R7526 |
T31957 |
T31956 |
amod |
central,system |
R7527 |
T31990 |
T31985 |
prep |
on,found |
R7528 |
T31991 |
T31992 |
quantmod |
five,six |
R7529 |
T31958 |
T31956 |
amod |
nervous,system |
R7530 |
T31992 |
T31994 |
nummod |
six,tests |
R7531 |
T31959 |
T31932 |
punct |
.,altered |
R7532 |
T31961 |
T31962 |
mark |
Although,was |
R7533 |
T31962 |
T31966 |
advcl |
was,showed |
R7534 |
T31963 |
T31964 |
amod |
overt,dysfunction |
R7535 |
T31993 |
T31992 |
quantmod |
of,six |
R7536 |
T31964 |
T31962 |
nsubj |
dysfunction,was |
R7537 |
T31965 |
T31964 |
amod |
neurologic,dysfunction |
R7538 |
T31994 |
T31990 |
pobj |
tests,on |
R7539 |
T31967 |
T31962 |
neg |
not,was |
R7540 |
T31995 |
T31994 |
compound |
sensorimotor,tests |
R7541 |
T31996 |
T31985 |
punct |
),found |
R7542 |
T31997 |
T31966 |
punct |
", ",showed |
R7543 |
T31998 |
T31999 |
det |
the,mice |
R7544 |
T32074 |
T32072 |
prep |
in,function |
R7545 |
T31999 |
T31966 |
nsubj |
mice,showed |
R7546 |
T32075 |
T32076 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R7547 |
T32076 |
T32078 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R7548 |
T32000 |
T32001 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R7549 |
T32077 |
T32076 |
punct |
-,1α |
R7550 |
T32078 |
T32074 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R7551 |
T32001 |
T31999 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R7552 |
T32079 |
T32076 |
punct |
−,1α |
R7553 |
T32080 |
T32076 |
punct |
/,1α |
R7554 |
T32081 |
T32076 |
punct |
−,1α |
R7555 |
T32002 |
T32001 |
punct |
-,1α |
R7556 |
T32082 |
T32053 |
punct |
.,suggests |
R7557 |
T32084 |
T32085 |
nsubj |
It,be |
R7558 |
T32003 |
T32001 |
punct |
−,1α |
R7559 |
T32086 |
T32085 |
aux |
will,be |
R7560 |
T32004 |
T32001 |
punct |
/,1α |
R7561 |
T32087 |
T32085 |
prep |
of,be |
R7562 |
T32088 |
T32087 |
pobj |
interest,of |
R7563 |
T32089 |
T32090 |
aux |
to,determine |
R7564 |
T32005 |
T32001 |
punct |
−,1α |
R7565 |
T32090 |
T32085 |
xcomp |
determine,be |
R7566 |
T32091 |
T32092 |
mark |
whether,contribute |
R7567 |
T32006 |
T32007 |
amod |
clear,deficits |
R7568 |
T32092 |
T32090 |
ccomp |
contribute,determine |
R7569 |
T32093 |
T32094 |
det |
the,abnormalities |
R7570 |
T32094 |
T32092 |
nsubj |
abnormalities,contribute |
R7571 |
T32007 |
T31966 |
dobj |
deficits,showed |
R7572 |
T32095 |
T32094 |
amod |
neurologic,abnormalities |
R7573 |
T32096 |
T32092 |
prep |
to,contribute |
R7574 |
T32097 |
T32098 |
det |
the,abnormalities |
R7575 |
T32008 |
T31966 |
prep |
on,showed |
R7576 |
T32098 |
T32096 |
pobj |
abnormalities,to |
R7577 |
T32099 |
T32098 |
amod |
systemic,abnormalities |
R7578 |
T32100 |
T32098 |
amod |
metabolic,abnormalities |
R7579 |
T32009 |
T32010 |
det |
the,test |
R7580 |
T32101 |
T32098 |
prep |
of,abnormalities |
R7581 |
T32102 |
T32103 |
det |
the,mice |
R7582 |
T32103 |
T32101 |
pobj |
mice,of |
R7583 |
T32104 |
T32105 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R7584 |
T32105 |
T32107 |
npadvmod |
1α,null |
R7586 |
T32010 |
T32008 |
pobj |
test,on |
R7588 |
T32108 |
T32085 |
punct |
.,be |
R7589 |
T32110 |
T32111 |
prep |
During,reported |
R7590 |
T32011 |
T32010 |
amod |
inverted,test |
R7592 |
T32012 |
T32010 |
compound |
screen,test |
R7593 |
T32113 |
T32110 |
pobj |
preparation,During |
R7594 |
T32114 |
T32113 |
prep |
of,preparation |
R7595 |
T32115 |
T32116 |
det |
this,manuscript |
R7596 |
T32013 |
T31966 |
punct |
.,showed |
R7597 |
T32116 |
T32114 |
pobj |
manuscript,of |
R7598 |
T32117 |
T32111 |
punct |
", ",reported |
R7599 |
T32015 |
T32016 |
det |
These,deficits |
R7600 |
T32118 |
T32111 |
nsubj |
Lin,reported |
R7601 |
T32119 |
T32120 |
advmod |
et,al. |
R7602 |
T32120 |
T32118 |
advmod |
al.,Lin |
R7603 |
T32121 |
T32122 |
det |
an,line |
R7604 |
T32122 |
T32111 |
dobj |
line,reported |
R7605 |
T32016 |
T32017 |
nsubj |
deficits,are |
R7606 |
T32123 |
T32122 |
amod |
independent,line |
R7607 |
T32124 |
T32122 |
compound |
mouse,line |
R7608 |
T32125 |
T32126 |
prep |
in,targeted |
R7609 |
T32018 |
T32017 |
advmod |
likely,are |
R7610 |
T32126 |
T32122 |
relcl |
targeted,line |
R7611 |
T32127 |
T32125 |
pobj |
which,in |
R7612 |
T32128 |
T32129 |
det |
the,gene |
R7613 |
T32019 |
T32017 |
prep |
due,are |
R7614 |
T32129 |
T32126 |
nsubjpass |
gene,targeted |
R7615 |
T32130 |
T32131 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R7616 |
T32131 |
T32129 |
compound |
1α,gene |
R7617 |
T32020 |
T32019 |
pcomp |
to,due |
R7618 |
T32132 |
T32131 |
punct |
-,1α |
R7619 |
T32133 |
T32126 |
auxpass |
was,targeted |
R7620 |
T32134 |
T32135 |
punct |
[,37 |
R7621 |
T32021 |
T32022 |
amod |
impaired,strength |
R7622 |
T32135 |
T32111 |
parataxis |
37,reported |
R7623 |
T32136 |
T32135 |
punct |
],37 |
R7624 |
T32022 |
T32019 |
pobj |
strength,due |
R7625 |
T32137 |
T32111 |
punct |
.,reported |
R7626 |
T32139 |
T32140 |
amod |
Phenotypic,comparison |
R7627 |
T32023 |
T32022 |
compound |
muscle,strength |
R7628 |
T32140 |
T32141 |
nsubj |
comparison,reveals |
R7629 |
T32024 |
T32022 |
prep |
in,strength |
R7630 |
T32142 |
T32140 |
prep |
of,comparison |
R7631 |
T32143 |
T32142 |
pcomp |
the,of |
R7632 |
T32144 |
T32145 |
poss |
our,line |
R7633 |
T32025 |
T32026 |
det |
the,mice |
R7634 |
T32145 |
T32142 |
pobj |
line,of |
R7635 |
T32146 |
T32147 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R7636 |
T32147 |
T32149 |
npadvmod |
1α,deficient |
R7637 |
T32148 |
T32147 |
punct |
-,1α |
R7638 |
T32149 |
T32145 |
amod |
deficient,line |
R7639 |
T32150 |
T32149 |
punct |
-,deficient |
R7640 |
T32026 |
T32024 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R7641 |
T32151 |
T32140 |
prep |
with,comparison |
R7642 |
T32027 |
T32028 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R7643 |
T32152 |
T32151 |
pobj |
that,with |
R7644 |
T32028 |
T32026 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R7645 |
T32153 |
T32152 |
prep |
of,that |
R7646 |
T32154 |
T32153 |
pobj |
Lin,of |
R7647 |
T32155 |
T32156 |
advmod |
et,al. |
R7648 |
T32029 |
T32028 |
punct |
-,1α |
R7649 |
T32156 |
T32154 |
advmod |
al.,Lin |
R7650 |
T32157 |
T32158 |
det |
a,number |
R7651 |
T32158 |
T32141 |
dobj |
number,reveals |
R7652 |
T32030 |
T32028 |
punct |
−,1α |
R7653 |
T32159 |
T32158 |
prep |
of,number |
R7654 |
T32160 |
T32159 |
pobj |
similarities,of |
R7655 |
T32161 |
T32158 |
cc |
and,number |
R7656 |
T32031 |
T32028 |
punct |
/,1α |
R7657 |
T32162 |
T32163 |
amod |
several,differences |
R7658 |
T32163 |
T32158 |
conj |
differences,number |
R7659 |
T32164 |
T32163 |
amod |
interesting,differences |
R7660 |
T32032 |
T32028 |
punct |
−,1α |
R7661 |
T32165 |
T32141 |
punct |
.,reveals |
R7662 |
T32033 |
T32017 |
punct |
", ",are |
R7663 |
T32167 |
T32168 |
det |
Both,lines |
R7664 |
T32168 |
T32174 |
nsubj |
lines,exhibit |
R7665 |
T32169 |
T32170 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R7666 |
T32170 |
T32172 |
npadvmod |
1α,deficient |
R7667 |
T32034 |
T32017 |
cc |
but,are |
R7668 |
T32171 |
T32170 |
punct |
-,1α |
R7669 |
T32172 |
T32168 |
amod |
deficient,lines |
R7670 |
T32035 |
T32036 |
nsubj |
contributions,be |
R7671 |
T32173 |
T32172 |
punct |
-,deficient |
R7672 |
T32175 |
T32176 |
compound |
cold,intolerance |
R7673 |
T32036 |
T32017 |
conj |
be,are |
R7674 |
T32176 |
T32174 |
dobj |
intolerance,exhibit |
R7675 |
T32177 |
T32176 |
punct |
", ",intolerance |
R7676 |
T32178 |
T32179 |
amod |
reduced,rates |
R7677 |
T32037 |
T32035 |
prep |
by,contributions |
R7678 |
T32038 |
T32039 |
amod |
peripheral,system |
R7679 |
T32039 |
T32043 |
compound |
system,determinants |
R7680 |
T32040 |
T32038 |
cc |
or,peripheral |
R7681 |
T32179 |
T32176 |
conj |
rates,intolerance |
R7682 |
T32180 |
T32179 |
compound |
hepatocyte,rates |
R7683 |
T32181 |
T32179 |
compound |
respiration,rates |
R7684 |
T32041 |
T32038 |
conj |
central,peripheral |
R7685 |
T32182 |
T32179 |
punct |
", ",rates |
R7686 |
T32183 |
T32179 |
cc |
and,rates |
R7687 |
T32184 |
T32185 |
amod |
neurologic,lesions |
R7688 |
T32185 |
T32179 |
conj |
lesions,rates |
R7689 |
T32186 |
T32174 |
punct |
.,exhibit |
R7690 |
T32042 |
T32039 |
amod |
nervous,system |
R7691 |
T32188 |
T32189 |
advmod |
However,are |
R7692 |
T32043 |
T32037 |
pobj |
determinants,by |
R7693 |
T32190 |
T32189 |
punct |
", ",are |
R7694 |
T32191 |
T32192 |
det |
a,number |
R7695 |
T32044 |
T32043 |
punct |
(,determinants |
R7696 |
T32192 |
T32189 |
nsubj |
number,are |
R7697 |
T32193 |
T32192 |
prep |
of,number |
R7698 |
T32045 |
T32043 |
cc |
or,determinants |
R7699 |
T32194 |
T32195 |
amod |
interesting,differences |
R7700 |
T32195 |
T32193 |
pobj |
differences,of |
R7701 |
T32196 |
T32189 |
acomp |
notable,are |
R7702 |
T32046 |
T32043 |
conj |
both,determinants |
R7703 |
T32197 |
T32189 |
punct |
.,are |
R7704 |
T32047 |
T32036 |
punct |
),be |
R7705 |
T32199 |
T32200 |
advmod |
First,exhibit |
R7706 |
T32201 |
T32200 |
punct |
", ",exhibit |
R7707 |
T32048 |
T32036 |
aux |
could,be |
R7708 |
T32202 |
T32200 |
prep |
in,exhibit |
R7709 |
T32203 |
T32202 |
pobj |
contrast,in |
R7710 |
T32049 |
T32036 |
acomp |
contributory,be |
R7711 |
T32204 |
T32203 |
prep |
to,contrast |
R7712 |
T32205 |
T32204 |
pobj |
Lin,to |
R7713 |
T32050 |
T32036 |
punct |
.,be |
R7714 |
T32206 |
T32207 |
advmod |
et,al. |
R7715 |
T32207 |
T32205 |
advmod |
al.,Lin |
R7716 |
T32208 |
T32200 |
punct |
", ",exhibit |
R7717 |
T32052 |
T32053 |
advmod |
Moreover,suggests |
R7718 |
T32209 |
T32210 |
det |
the,mice |
R7719 |
T32210 |
T32200 |
nsubj |
mice,exhibit |
R7720 |
T32211 |
T32212 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R7721 |
T32054 |
T32053 |
punct |
", ",suggests |
R7722 |
T32212 |
T32210 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R7723 |
T32213 |
T32212 |
punct |
-,1α |
R7724 |
T32214 |
T32212 |
punct |
−,1α |
R7725 |
T32215 |
T32212 |
punct |
/,1α |
R7726 |
T32216 |
T32212 |
punct |
−,1α |
R7727 |
T32055 |
T32053 |
nsubj |
evidence,suggests |
R7728 |
T32217 |
T32210 |
acl |
described,mice |
R7729 |
T32218 |
T32217 |
advmod |
here,described |
R7730 |
T32056 |
T32055 |
prep |
of,evidence |
R7731 |
T32219 |
T32200 |
aux |
do,exhibit |
R7732 |
T32220 |
T32200 |
neg |
not,exhibit |
R7733 |
T32221 |
T32222 |
det |
any,mortality |
R7734 |
T32057 |
T32058 |
amod |
altered,emotionality |
R7735 |
T32222 |
T32200 |
dobj |
mortality,exhibit |
R7736 |
T32223 |
T32222 |
amod |
postnatal,mortality |
R7737 |
T32224 |
T32200 |
punct |
.,exhibit |
R7738 |
T32226 |
T32227 |
advmod |
Second,find |
R7739 |
T32058 |
T32056 |
pobj |
emotionality,of |
R7740 |
T32228 |
T32227 |
punct |
", ",find |
R7741 |
T32229 |
T32227 |
nsubj |
we,find |
R7742 |
T32230 |
T32227 |
aux |
did,find |
R7743 |
T32059 |
T32058 |
prep |
from,emotionality |
R7744 |
T32231 |
T32227 |
neg |
not,find |
R7745 |
T32232 |
T32227 |
dobj |
evidence,find |
R7746 |
T32060 |
T32061 |
det |
the,test |
R7747 |
T32233 |
T32232 |
prep |
for,evidence |
R7748 |
T32234 |
T32235 |
det |
a,defect |
R7749 |
T32235 |
T32233 |
pobj |
defect,for |
R7750 |
T32236 |
T32235 |
prep |
in,defect |
R7751 |
T32061 |
T32059 |
pobj |
test,from |
R7752 |
T32237 |
T32236 |
pobj |
gluconeogenesis,in |
R7753 |
T32238 |
T32232 |
prep |
based,evidence |
R7754 |
T32239 |
T32238 |
prep |
on,based |
R7755 |
T32062 |
T32063 |
nummod |
1,h |
R7756 |
T32063 |
T32061 |
compound |
h,test |
R7757 |
T32240 |
T32241 |
compound |
fasting,levels |
R7758 |
T32064 |
T32063 |
punct |
-,h |
R7759 |
T32241 |
T32239 |
pobj |
levels,on |
R7760 |
T32242 |
T32243 |
compound |
blood,glucose |
R7761 |
T32243 |
T32241 |
compound |
glucose,levels |
R7762 |
T32065 |
T32061 |
compound |
locomotor,test |
R7763 |
T32244 |
T32245 |
punct |
(,data |
R7764 |
T32245 |
T32227 |
meta |
data,find |
R7765 |
T32246 |
T32245 |
amod |
unpublished,data |
R7766 |
T32066 |
T32061 |
compound |
activity,test |
R7767 |
T32247 |
T32245 |
punct |
),data |
R7768 |
T32248 |
T32227 |
punct |
.,find |
R7769 |
T32067 |
T32053 |
advmod |
also,suggests |
R7770 |
T32250 |
T32251 |
prep |
In,did |
R7771 |
T32068 |
T32069 |
det |
the,possibility |
R7772 |
T32252 |
T32250 |
pobj |
addition,In |
R7773 |
T32253 |
T32251 |
punct |
", ",did |
R7774 |
T32254 |
T32255 |
mark |
whereas,found |
R7775 |
T32069 |
T32053 |
dobj |
possibility,suggests |
R7776 |
T32255 |
T32251 |
advcl |
found,did |
R7777 |
T32256 |
T32255 |
nsubj |
Lin,found |
R7778 |
T32070 |
T32069 |
prep |
of,possibility |
R7779 |
T32257 |
T32258 |
advmod |
et,al. |
R7780 |
T32258 |
T32256 |
advmod |
al.,Lin |
R7781 |
T32259 |
T32260 |
det |
an,profile |
R7782 |
T32071 |
T32072 |
amod |
altered,function |
R7783 |
T32260 |
T32255 |
dobj |
profile,found |
R7784 |
T32261 |
T32260 |
amod |
abnormal,profile |
R7785 |
T32072 |
T32070 |
pobj |
function,of |
R7786 |
T32262 |
T32260 |
compound |
expression,profile |
R7787 |
T32263 |
T32260 |
prep |
for,profile |
R7788 |
T32264 |
T32265 |
compound |
CCAAT,enhancer |
R7789 |
T32073 |
T32072 |
compound |
brain,function |
R7790 |
T32265 |
T32267 |
npadvmod |
enhancer,binding |
R7791 |
T32266 |
T32265 |
punct |
-,enhancer |
R7792 |
T32267 |
T32269 |
amod |
binding,β |
R7793 |
T32268 |
T32267 |
punct |
-,binding |
R7794 |
T32269 |
T32263 |
pobj |
β,for |
R7795 |
T32270 |
T32269 |
compound |
protein,β |
R7796 |
T32285 |
T32282 |
punct |
-,phosphatase |
R7797 |
T32271 |
T32269 |
cc |
and,β |
R7798 |
T32272 |
T32269 |
conj |
δ,β |
R7799 |
T32273 |
T32269 |
cc |
and,β |
R7800 |
T32274 |
T32275 |
det |
the,genes |
R7801 |
T32275 |
T32269 |
conj |
genes,β |
R7802 |
T32276 |
T32275 |
amod |
gluconeogenic,genes |
R7803 |
T32286 |
T32255 |
prep |
at,found |
R7804 |
T32277 |
T32275 |
acl |
encoding,genes |
R7805 |
T32278 |
T32279 |
compound |
phosphoenolpyruvate,carboxykinase |
R7806 |
T32287 |
T32286 |
pobj |
baseline,at |
R7807 |
T32279 |
T32277 |
dobj |
carboxykinase,encoding |
R7808 |
T32280 |
T32279 |
cc |
and,carboxykinase |
R7809 |
T32281 |
T32282 |
nmod |
glucose,phosphatase |
R7810 |
T32288 |
T32286 |
cc |
and,at |
R7811 |
T32282 |
T32279 |
conj |
phosphatase,carboxykinase |
R7812 |
T32283 |
T32282 |
punct |
-,phosphatase |
R7813 |
T32289 |
T32286 |
conj |
with,at |
R7814 |
T32284 |
T32282 |
nummod |
6,phosphatase |
R7815 |
T32290 |
T32289 |
pobj |
fasting,with |
R7816 |
T32291 |
T32255 |
prep |
in,found |
R7817 |
T32292 |
T32293 |
det |
the,mice |
R7818 |
T32293 |
T32291 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R7819 |
T32390 |
T32391 |
det |
the,phenotype |
R7820 |
T32294 |
T32295 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R7821 |
T32391 |
T32389 |
nsubj |
phenotype,occurred |
R7822 |
T32392 |
T32393 |
npadvmod |
insulin,sensitive |
R7823 |
T32295 |
T32293 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R7824 |
T32393 |
T32391 |
amod |
sensitive,phenotype |
R7825 |
T32394 |
T32393 |
punct |
-,sensitive |
R7826 |
T32296 |
T32295 |
punct |
-,1α |
R7827 |
T32395 |
T32391 |
prep |
of,phenotype |
R7828 |
T32396 |
T32397 |
det |
the,mice |
R7829 |
T32397 |
T32395 |
pobj |
mice,of |
R7830 |
T32297 |
T32295 |
punct |
−,1α |
R7831 |
T32398 |
T32397 |
amod |
female,mice |
R7832 |
T32399 |
T32400 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R7833 |
T32298 |
T32295 |
punct |
/,1α |
R7834 |
T32400 |
T32397 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R7835 |
T32401 |
T32400 |
punct |
-,1α |
R7836 |
T32402 |
T32400 |
punct |
−,1α |
R7837 |
T32299 |
T32295 |
punct |
−,1α |
R7838 |
T32403 |
T32400 |
punct |
/,1α |
R7839 |
T32404 |
T32400 |
punct |
−,1α |
R7840 |
T32300 |
T32251 |
punct |
", ",did |
R7841 |
T32405 |
T32389 |
prep |
in,occurred |
R7842 |
T32406 |
T32407 |
det |
the,context |
R7843 |
T32407 |
T32405 |
pobj |
context,in |
R7844 |
T32408 |
T32407 |
prep |
of,context |
R7845 |
T32301 |
T32251 |
nsubj |
we,did |
R7846 |
T32409 |
T32410 |
amod |
normal,gain |
R7847 |
T32410 |
T32408 |
pobj |
gain,of |
R7848 |
T32302 |
T32251 |
neg |
not,did |
R7849 |
T32411 |
T32410 |
compound |
weight,gain |
R7850 |
T32412 |
T32410 |
prep |
with,gain |
R7851 |
T32413 |
T32414 |
amod |
high,fat |
R7852 |
T32303 |
T32304 |
punct |
(,data |
R7853 |
T32414 |
T32416 |
compound |
fat,diet |
R7854 |
T32415 |
T32414 |
punct |
-,fat |
R7855 |
T32416 |
T32412 |
pobj |
diet,with |
R7856 |
T32304 |
T32251 |
meta |
data,did |
R7857 |
T32417 |
T32385 |
punct |
.,observed |
R7858 |
T32305 |
T32304 |
amod |
unpublished,data |
R7859 |
T32419 |
T32420 |
det |
These,results |
R7860 |
T32420 |
T32422 |
nsubj |
results,indicate |
R7861 |
T32306 |
T32304 |
punct |
),data |
R7862 |
T32421 |
T32420 |
amod |
latter,results |
R7863 |
T32423 |
T32424 |
mark |
that,explained |
R7864 |
T32307 |
T32251 |
punct |
.,did |
R7865 |
T32424 |
T32422 |
ccomp |
explained,indicate |
R7866 |
T32425 |
T32426 |
det |
the,phenotype |
R7867 |
T32309 |
T32310 |
advmod |
Third,found |
R7868 |
T32426 |
T32424 |
nsubjpass |
phenotype,explained |
R7869 |
T32427 |
T32428 |
npadvmod |
insulin,sensitive |
R7870 |
T32428 |
T32426 |
amod |
sensitive,phenotype |
R7871 |
T32429 |
T32428 |
punct |
-,sensitive |
R7872 |
T32311 |
T32310 |
punct |
", ",found |
R7873 |
T32430 |
T32426 |
prep |
of,phenotype |
R7874 |
T32431 |
T32432 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R7875 |
T32432 |
T32434 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R7876 |
T32312 |
T32310 |
nsubj |
we,found |
R7877 |
T32433 |
T32432 |
punct |
-,1α |
R7878 |
T32434 |
T32430 |
pobj |
mice,of |
R7879 |
T32435 |
T32432 |
punct |
−,1α |
R7880 |
T32313 |
T32310 |
dobj |
evidence,found |
R7881 |
T32436 |
T32432 |
punct |
/,1α |
R7882 |
T32437 |
T32432 |
punct |
−,1α |
R7883 |
T32314 |
T32313 |
prep |
for,evidence |
R7884 |
T32438 |
T32424 |
aux |
can,explained |
R7885 |
T32439 |
T32424 |
neg |
not,explained |
R7886 |
T32440 |
T32424 |
auxpass |
be,explained |
R7887 |
T32315 |
T32316 |
det |
an,increase |
R7888 |
T32441 |
T32424 |
advmod |
fully,explained |
R7889 |
T32442 |
T32424 |
agent |
by,explained |
R7890 |
T32443 |
T32444 |
det |
a,phenotype |
R7891 |
T32316 |
T32314 |
pobj |
increase,for |
R7892 |
T32444 |
T32442 |
pobj |
phenotype,by |
R7893 |
T32445 |
T32444 |
amod |
lean,phenotype |
R7894 |
T32446 |
T32422 |
punct |
.,indicate |
R7895 |
T32448 |
T32449 |
prep |
Of,exhibit |
R7896 |
T32317 |
T32318 |
npadvmod |
age,related |
R7897 |
T32450 |
T32448 |
pobj |
interest,Of |
R7898 |
T32451 |
T32449 |
punct |
", ",exhibit |
R7899 |
T32318 |
T32316 |
amod |
related,increase |
R7900 |
T32452 |
T32449 |
nsubj |
mice,exhibit |
R7901 |
T32453 |
T32452 |
acl |
lacking,mice |
R7902 |
T32454 |
T32455 |
det |
the,receptor |
R7903 |
T32319 |
T32318 |
punct |
-,related |
R7904 |
T32455 |
T32453 |
dobj |
receptor,lacking |
R7905 |
T32456 |
T32455 |
amod |
nuclear,receptor |
R7906 |
T32320 |
T32316 |
prep |
in,increase |
R7907 |
T32457 |
T32458 |
npadvmod |
estrogen,related |
R7908 |
T32458 |
T32460 |
amod |
related,α |
R7909 |
T32459 |
T32458 |
punct |
-,related |
R7910 |
T32321 |
T32322 |
compound |
body,fat |
R7911 |
T32460 |
T32455 |
appos |
α,receptor |
R7912 |
T32461 |
T32460 |
compound |
receptor,α |
R7913 |
T32322 |
T32320 |
pobj |
fat,in |
R7914 |
T32462 |
T32455 |
punct |
", ",receptor |
R7915 |
T32463 |
T32464 |
det |
a,target |
R7916 |
T32464 |
T32455 |
appos |
target,receptor |
R7917 |
T32323 |
T32322 |
prep |
in,fat |
R7918 |
T32465 |
T32464 |
amod |
known,target |
R7919 |
T32466 |
T32464 |
prep |
of,target |
R7920 |
T32467 |
T32468 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R7921 |
T32324 |
T32325 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R7922 |
T32468 |
T32466 |
pobj |
1α,of |
R7923 |
T32469 |
T32468 |
punct |
-,1α |
R7924 |
T32470 |
T32449 |
punct |
", ",exhibit |
R7925 |
T32325 |
T32327 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R7926 |
T32471 |
T32449 |
dobj |
resistance,exhibit |
R7927 |
T32472 |
T32471 |
prep |
to,resistance |
R7928 |
T32326 |
T32325 |
punct |
-,1α |
R7929 |
T32473 |
T32474 |
npadvmod |
diet,induced |
R7930 |
T32474 |
T32476 |
amod |
induced,obesity |
R7932 |
T32327 |
T32323 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R7935 |
T32328 |
T32325 |
punct |
−,1α |
R7936 |
T32478 |
T32477 |
prep |
to,similar |
R7937 |
T32479 |
T32478 |
pobj |
that,to |
R7938 |
T32480 |
T32479 |
prep |
of,that |
R7939 |
T32329 |
T32325 |
punct |
/,1α |
R7940 |
T32481 |
T32482 |
amod |
male,mice |
R7941 |
T32482 |
T32480 |
pobj |
mice,of |
R7942 |
T32330 |
T32325 |
punct |
−,1α |
R7943 |
T32483 |
T32484 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R7944 |
T32484 |
T32486 |
npadvmod |
1α,null |
R7945 |
T32485 |
T32484 |
punct |
-,1α |
R7946 |
T32486 |
T32482 |
amod |
null,mice |
R7947 |
T32487 |
T32488 |
punct |
[,38 |
R7948 |
T32331 |
T32332 |
punct |
(,females |
R7949 |
T32488 |
T32449 |
parataxis |
38,exhibit |
R7950 |
T32489 |
T32488 |
punct |
],38 |
R7951 |
T32490 |
T32449 |
punct |
.,exhibit |
R7952 |
T32332 |
T32316 |
parataxis |
females,increase |
R7953 |
T32492 |
T32493 |
advmod |
Fourth,exhibit |
R7954 |
T32333 |
T32332 |
advmod |
earlier,females |
R7955 |
T32494 |
T32493 |
punct |
", ",exhibit |
R7956 |
T32334 |
T32333 |
prep |
than,earlier |
R7957 |
T32335 |
T32334 |
pobj |
males,than |
R7958 |
T32336 |
T32332 |
punct |
),females |
R7959 |
T32495 |
T32496 |
det |
the,mice |
R7960 |
T32496 |
T32493 |
nsubj |
mice,exhibit |
R7961 |
T32337 |
T32310 |
punct |
", ",found |
R7962 |
T32497 |
T32498 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R7963 |
T32498 |
T32496 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R7964 |
T32338 |
T32339 |
mark |
whereas,identified |
R7965 |
T32499 |
T32498 |
punct |
-,1α |
R7966 |
T32500 |
T32498 |
punct |
−,1α |
R7967 |
T32501 |
T32498 |
punct |
/,1α |
R7968 |
T32339 |
T32310 |
advcl |
identified,found |
R7969 |
T32502 |
T32498 |
punct |
−,1α |
R7970 |
T32503 |
T32496 |
acl |
described,mice |
R7971 |
T32340 |
T32339 |
nsubj |
Lin,identified |
R7972 |
T32504 |
T32503 |
advmod |
here,described |
R7973 |
T32505 |
T32506 |
det |
a,phenotype |
R7974 |
T32341 |
T32342 |
advmod |
et,al. |
R7975 |
T32506 |
T32493 |
dobj |
phenotype,exhibit |
R7976 |
T32507 |
T32506 |
amod |
dramatic,phenotype |
R7977 |
T32508 |
T32509 |
npadvmod |
fasting,induced |
R7978 |
T32342 |
T32340 |
advmod |
al.,Lin |
R7979 |
T32509 |
T32506 |
amod |
induced,phenotype |
R7980 |
T32510 |
T32509 |
punct |
-,induced |
R7981 |
T32511 |
T32506 |
amod |
hepatic,phenotype |
R7982 |
T32343 |
T32344 |
det |
a,resistance |
R7983 |
T32512 |
T32506 |
amod |
steatotic,phenotype |
R7984 |
T32513 |
T32493 |
punct |
", ",exhibit |
R7985 |
T32344 |
T32339 |
dobj |
resistance,identified |
R7986 |
T32514 |
T32515 |
mark |
whereas,does |
R7987 |
T32515 |
T32493 |
advcl |
does,exhibit |
R7988 |
T32516 |
T32517 |
det |
the,mouse |
R7989 |
T32345 |
T32346 |
npadvmod |
male,specific |
R7990 |
T32517 |
T32515 |
nsubj |
mouse,does |
R7991 |
T32518 |
T32517 |
nmod |
Lin,mouse |
R7992 |
T32346 |
T32344 |
amod |
specific,resistance |
R7993 |
T32519 |
T32520 |
advmod |
et,al. |
R7994 |
T32520 |
T32518 |
advmod |
al.,Lin |
R7995 |
T32521 |
T32515 |
neg |
not,does |
R7996 |
T32347 |
T32346 |
punct |
-,specific |
R7997 |
T32522 |
T32493 |
punct |
.,exhibit |
R7998 |
T32524 |
T32525 |
advmod |
Fifth,found |
R7999 |
T32526 |
T32525 |
punct |
", ",found |
R8000 |
T32348 |
T32344 |
prep |
to,resistance |
R8001 |
T32527 |
T32525 |
nsubj |
Lin,found |
R8002 |
T32528 |
T32529 |
advmod |
et,al. |
R8003 |
T32529 |
T32527 |
advmod |
al.,Lin |
R8004 |
T32530 |
T32531 |
det |
a,phenotype |
R8005 |
T32349 |
T32350 |
npadvmod |
diet,induced |
R8006 |
T32531 |
T32525 |
dobj |
phenotype,found |
R8007 |
T32532 |
T32531 |
amod |
neurologic,phenotype |
R8008 |
T32533 |
T32531 |
prep |
in,phenotype |
R8009 |
T32350 |
T32352 |
amod |
induced,obesity |
R8010 |
T32534 |
T32533 |
pobj |
males,in |
R8011 |
T32535 |
T32531 |
acl |
characterized,phenotype |
R8012 |
T32351 |
T32350 |
punct |
-,induced |
R8013 |
T32536 |
T32535 |
agent |
by,characterized |
R8014 |
T32537 |
T32536 |
pobj |
hyperactivity,by |
R8015 |
T32538 |
T32525 |
punct |
", ",found |
R8016 |
T32352 |
T32348 |
pobj |
obesity,to |
R8017 |
T32539 |
T32540 |
mark |
whereas,show |
R8018 |
T32540 |
T32525 |
advcl |
show,found |
R8019 |
T32541 |
T32542 |
det |
the,mice |
R8020 |
T32353 |
T32352 |
cc |
and,obesity |
R8021 |
T32542 |
T32540 |
nsubj |
mice,show |
R8022 |
T32543 |
T32544 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R8023 |
T32354 |
T32355 |
compound |
insulin,resistance |
R8024 |
T32544 |
T32542 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R8025 |
T32545 |
T32544 |
punct |
-,1α |
R8026 |
T32546 |
T32544 |
punct |
−,1α |
R8027 |
T32355 |
T32352 |
conj |
resistance,obesity |
R8028 |
T32547 |
T32544 |
punct |
/,1α |
R8029 |
T32548 |
T32544 |
punct |
−,1α |
R8030 |
T32549 |
T32542 |
acl |
described,mice |
R8031 |
T32356 |
T32310 |
punct |
.,found |
R8032 |
T32550 |
T32549 |
advmod |
here,described |
R8033 |
T32551 |
T32552 |
amod |
reduced,activity |
R8034 |
T32552 |
T32540 |
dobj |
activity,show |
R8035 |
T32358 |
T32359 |
nsubj |
We,found |
R8036 |
T32553 |
T32552 |
compound |
locomotor,activity |
R8037 |
T32554 |
T32525 |
punct |
.,found |
R8038 |
T32360 |
T32359 |
aux |
have,found |
R8039 |
T32556 |
T32557 |
advmod |
However,noted |
R8040 |
T32557 |
T32562 |
ccomp |
noted,is |
R8041 |
T32558 |
T32557 |
punct |
", ",noted |
R8042 |
T32559 |
T32557 |
nsubjpass |
it,noted |
R8043 |
T32560 |
T32557 |
aux |
should,noted |
R8044 |
T32361 |
T32359 |
advmod |
also,found |
R8045 |
T32561 |
T32557 |
auxpass |
be,noted |
R8046 |
T32362 |
T32363 |
mark |
that,protected |
R8047 |
T32563 |
T32564 |
mark |
that,study |
R8048 |
T32564 |
T32557 |
ccomp |
study,noted |
R8049 |
T32565 |
T32564 |
nsubj |
we,study |
R8050 |
T32566 |
T32564 |
aux |
did,study |
R8051 |
T32567 |
T32564 |
neg |
not,study |
R8052 |
T32363 |
T32359 |
ccomp |
protected,found |
R8053 |
T32568 |
T32569 |
compound |
activity,levels |
R8054 |
T32569 |
T32564 |
dobj |
levels,study |
R8055 |
T32570 |
T32564 |
prep |
over,study |
R8056 |
T32364 |
T32365 |
amod |
male,mice |
R8057 |
T32571 |
T32572 |
det |
an,period |
R8058 |
T32572 |
T32570 |
pobj |
period,over |
R8059 |
T32573 |
T32572 |
amod |
extended,period |
R8060 |
T32365 |
T32363 |
nsubjpass |
mice,protected |
R8061 |
T32574 |
T32572 |
prep |
of,period |
R8062 |
T32575 |
T32574 |
pobj |
time,of |
R8063 |
T32576 |
T32564 |
prep |
in,study |
R8064 |
T32366 |
T32367 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R8065 |
T32577 |
T32576 |
pobj |
males,in |
R8066 |
T32578 |
T32579 |
mark |
as,did |
R8067 |
T32367 |
T32369 |
npadvmod |
1α,deficient |
R8068 |
T32579 |
T32564 |
advcl |
did,study |
R8069 |
T32368 |
T32367 |
punct |
-,1α |
R8070 |
T32580 |
T32579 |
nsubj |
Lin,did |
R8071 |
T32581 |
T32582 |
advmod |
et,al. |
R8072 |
T32369 |
T32365 |
amod |
deficient,mice |
R8073 |
T32582 |
T32580 |
advmod |
al.,Lin |
R8074 |
T32583 |
T32562 |
punct |
", ",is |
R8075 |
T32584 |
T32562 |
advmod |
so,is |
R8076 |
T32370 |
T32369 |
punct |
-,deficient |
R8077 |
T32585 |
T32562 |
nsubj |
it,is |
R8078 |
T32586 |
T32562 |
acomp |
possible,is |
R8079 |
T32371 |
T32363 |
auxpass |
are,protected |
R8080 |
T32587 |
T32588 |
mark |
that,reflect |
R8081 |
T32588 |
T32562 |
ccomp |
reflect,is |
R8082 |
T32589 |
T32590 |
poss |
our,findings |
R8083 |
T32372 |
T32363 |
advmod |
somewhat,protected |
R8084 |
T32590 |
T32588 |
nsubj |
findings,reflect |
R8085 |
T32591 |
T32592 |
det |
an,disturbance |
R8086 |
T32373 |
T32363 |
prep |
against,protected |
R8087 |
T32592 |
T32588 |
dobj |
disturbance,reflect |
R8088 |
T32593 |
T32592 |
amod |
emotional,disturbance |
R8089 |
T32594 |
T32595 |
dep |
that,manifests |
R8090 |
T32374 |
T32375 |
npadvmod |
diet,induced |
R8091 |
T32595 |
T32592 |
relcl |
manifests,disturbance |
R8092 |
T32596 |
T32597 |
advmod |
only,placed |
R8093 |
T32597 |
T32595 |
advcl |
placed,manifests |
R8094 |
T32375 |
T32377 |
amod |
induced,obesity |
R8095 |
T32598 |
T32597 |
advmod |
when,placed |
R8096 |
T32599 |
T32600 |
det |
the,animals |
R8097 |
T32600 |
T32597 |
nsubjpass |
animals,placed |
R8098 |
T32376 |
T32375 |
punct |
-,induced |
R8099 |
T32377 |
T32373 |
pobj |
obesity,against |
R8100 |
T32378 |
T32379 |
punct |
(,S4 |
R8101 |
T32379 |
T32359 |
parataxis |
S4,found |
R8102 |
T32601 |
T32597 |
auxpass |
are,placed |
R8103 |
T32602 |
T32597 |
prep |
in,placed |
R8104 |
T32603 |
T32604 |
det |
a,environment |
R8105 |
T32604 |
T32602 |
pobj |
environment,in |
R8106 |
T32380 |
T32379 |
compound |
Figure,S4 |
R8107 |
T32605 |
T32604 |
amod |
new,environment |
R8108 |
T32606 |
T32562 |
punct |
.,is |
R8109 |
T32381 |
T32379 |
punct |
),S4 |
R8110 |
T32608 |
T32609 |
advmod |
Finally,report |
R8111 |
T32610 |
T32609 |
punct |
", ",report |
R8112 |
T32382 |
T32359 |
punct |
.,found |
R8113 |
T32611 |
T32609 |
nsubj |
we,report |
R8114 |
T32612 |
T32613 |
amod |
significant,abnormalities |
R8115 |
T32384 |
T32385 |
advmod |
However,observed |
R8116 |
T32613 |
T32609 |
dobj |
abnormalities,report |
R8117 |
T32614 |
T32615 |
amod |
skeletal,muscle |
R8118 |
T32615 |
T32613 |
nmod |
muscle,abnormalities |
R8119 |
T32386 |
T32385 |
punct |
", ",observed |
R8120 |
T32616 |
T32615 |
cc |
and,muscle |
R8121 |
T32617 |
T32618 |
amod |
cardiac,functional |
R8122 |
T32618 |
T32615 |
conj |
functional,muscle |
R8123 |
T32619 |
T32609 |
punct |
(,report |
R8124 |
T32387 |
T32385 |
nsubj |
we,observed |
R8125 |
T32620 |
T32621 |
mark |
although,represent |
R8126 |
T32621 |
T32609 |
advcl |
represent,report |
R8127 |
T32622 |
T32623 |
det |
the,report |
R8128 |
T32388 |
T32389 |
mark |
that,occurred |
R8129 |
T32623 |
T32624 |
nsubj |
report,address |
R8130 |
T32624 |
T32621 |
ccomp |
address,represent |
R8131 |
T32389 |
T32385 |
ccomp |
occurred,observed |
R8132 |
T32625 |
T32623 |
prep |
by,report |
R8133 |
T32626 |
T32625 |
pobj |
Lin,by |
R8134 |
T32707 |
T32708 |
advmod |
et,al. |
R8135 |
T32627 |
T32628 |
advmod |
et,al. |
R8136 |
T32628 |
T32626 |
advmod |
al.,Lin |
R8137 |
T32629 |
T32624 |
aux |
did,address |
R8138 |
T32630 |
T32624 |
neg |
not,address |
R8139 |
T32631 |
T32632 |
det |
these,phenotypes |
R8140 |
T32708 |
T32706 |
advmod |
al.,Lin |
R8141 |
T32632 |
T32624 |
dobj |
phenotypes,address |
R8142 |
T32633 |
T32621 |
punct |
", ",represent |
R8143 |
T32634 |
T32621 |
advmod |
so,represent |
R8144 |
T32635 |
T32621 |
nsubj |
this,represent |
R8145 |
T32709 |
T32686 |
aux |
could,resulted |
R8146 |
T32636 |
T32621 |
aux |
may,represent |
R8147 |
T32637 |
T32621 |
neg |
not,represent |
R8148 |
T32638 |
T32639 |
det |
a,difference |
R8149 |
T32710 |
T32686 |
aux |
have,resulted |
R8150 |
T32639 |
T32621 |
dobj |
difference,represent |
R8151 |
T32640 |
T32639 |
amod |
true,difference |
R8152 |
T32711 |
T32686 |
prep |
in,resulted |
R8153 |
T32641 |
T32609 |
punct |
),report |
R8154 |
T32642 |
T32609 |
punct |
.,report |
R8155 |
T32644 |
T32645 |
det |
The,reasons |
R8156 |
T32645 |
T32646 |
nsubj |
reasons,are |
R8157 |
T32712 |
T32713 |
det |
a,bias |
R8158 |
T32647 |
T32645 |
prep |
for,reasons |
R8159 |
T32648 |
T32649 |
det |
the,differences |
R8160 |
T32713 |
T32711 |
pobj |
bias,in |
R8161 |
T32649 |
T32647 |
pobj |
differences,for |
R8162 |
T32650 |
T32649 |
amod |
interesting,differences |
R8163 |
T32651 |
T32649 |
prep |
between,differences |
R8164 |
T32714 |
T32713 |
compound |
selection,bias |
R8165 |
T32652 |
T32653 |
det |
the,lines |
R8166 |
T32653 |
T32651 |
pobj |
lines,between |
R8167 |
T32654 |
T32653 |
nummod |
two,lines |
R8168 |
T32715 |
T32713 |
prep |
toward,bias |
R8169 |
T32655 |
T32656 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R8170 |
T32656 |
T32658 |
npadvmod |
1α,deficient |
R8171 |
T32716 |
T32717 |
amod |
greater,levels |
R8172 |
T32657 |
T32656 |
punct |
-,1α |
R8173 |
T32658 |
T32653 |
amod |
deficient,lines |
R8174 |
T32659 |
T32658 |
punct |
-,deficient |
R8175 |
T32717 |
T32715 |
pobj |
levels,toward |
R8176 |
T32660 |
T32653 |
compound |
mouse,lines |
R8177 |
T32661 |
T32646 |
neg |
not,are |
R8178 |
T32662 |
T32646 |
acomp |
clear,are |
R8179 |
T32718 |
T32717 |
prep |
of,levels |
R8180 |
T32719 |
T32720 |
amod |
compensatory,responses |
R8181 |
T32663 |
T32646 |
punct |
.,are |
R8182 |
T32720 |
T32718 |
pobj |
responses,of |
R8183 |
T32665 |
T32666 |
nsubj |
It,is |
R8184 |
T32721 |
T32720 |
prep |
in,responses |
R8185 |
T32667 |
T32666 |
acomp |
possible,is |
R8186 |
T32668 |
T32669 |
mark |
that,confer |
R8187 |
T32722 |
T32721 |
pobj |
liver,in |
R8188 |
T32669 |
T32666 |
ccomp |
confer,is |
R8189 |
T32670 |
T32671 |
amod |
distinct,backgrounds |
R8190 |
T32723 |
T32722 |
cc |
and,liver |
R8191 |
T32671 |
T32669 |
nsubj |
backgrounds,confer |
R8192 |
T32672 |
T32671 |
amod |
genetic,backgrounds |
R8193 |
T32724 |
T32725 |
amod |
other,tissues |
R8194 |
T32673 |
T32671 |
acl |
related,backgrounds |
R8195 |
T32674 |
T32673 |
prep |
to,related |
R8196 |
T32675 |
T32676 |
compound |
hybrid,strains |
R8197 |
T32676 |
T32674 |
pobj |
strains,to |
R8198 |
T32725 |
T32722 |
conj |
tissues,liver |
R8199 |
T32677 |
T32678 |
amod |
different,degrees |
R8200 |
T32678 |
T32669 |
dobj |
degrees,confer |
R8201 |
T32726 |
T32686 |
prep |
in,resulted |
R8202 |
T32679 |
T32678 |
prep |
of,degrees |
R8203 |
T32680 |
T32681 |
amod |
secondary,responses |
R8204 |
T32681 |
T32679 |
pobj |
responses,of |
R8205 |
T32727 |
T32728 |
det |
the,group |
R8206 |
T32682 |
T32681 |
amod |
compensatory,responses |
R8207 |
T32683 |
T32666 |
punct |
.,is |
R8208 |
T32685 |
T32686 |
prep |
In,resulted |
R8209 |
T32687 |
T32685 |
pobj |
addition,In |
R8210 |
T32728 |
T32726 |
pobj |
group,in |
R8211 |
T32688 |
T32686 |
punct |
", ",resulted |
R8212 |
T32689 |
T32690 |
det |
the,mortality |
R8213 |
T32690 |
T32686 |
nsubj |
mortality,resulted |
R8214 |
T32729 |
T32728 |
amod |
surviving,group |
R8215 |
T32691 |
T32692 |
advmod |
incompletely,penetrant |
R8216 |
T32692 |
T32690 |
amod |
penetrant,mortality |
R8217 |
T32693 |
T32690 |
amod |
postnatal,mortality |
R8218 |
T32730 |
T32686 |
punct |
.,resulted |
R8219 |
T32694 |
T32690 |
acl |
noted,mortality |
R8220 |
T32695 |
T32694 |
prep |
in,noted |
R8221 |
T32696 |
T32697 |
det |
the,mice |
R8222 |
T32732 |
T32733 |
nsubj |
It,is |
R8223 |
T32697 |
T32695 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R8224 |
T32698 |
T32699 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R8225 |
T32699 |
T32697 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R8226 |
T32734 |
T32733 |
advmod |
also,is |
R8227 |
T32700 |
T32699 |
punct |
-,1α |
R8228 |
T32701 |
T32699 |
punct |
−,1α |
R8229 |
T32702 |
T32699 |
punct |
/,1α |
R8230 |
T32703 |
T32699 |
punct |
−,1α |
R8231 |
T32735 |
T32733 |
acomp |
possible,is |
R8232 |
T32704 |
T32690 |
acl |
reported,mortality |
R8233 |
T32705 |
T32704 |
prep |
by,reported |
R8234 |
T32706 |
T32705 |
pobj |
Lin,by |
R8235 |
T32736 |
T32737 |
mark |
that,led |
R8236 |
T32737 |
T32733 |
ccomp |
led,is |
R8237 |
T32738 |
T32739 |
det |
the,method |
R8238 |
T32739 |
T32737 |
nsubj |
method,led |
R8239 |
T32740 |
T32739 |
prep |
of,method |
R8240 |
T32813 |
T32812 |
cc |
and,5 |
R8241 |
T32741 |
T32742 |
compound |
gene,targeting |
R8242 |
T32814 |
T32812 |
conj |
6,5 |
R8243 |
T32815 |
T32782 |
punct |
.,generated |
R8244 |
T32742 |
T32740 |
pobj |
targeting,of |
R8245 |
T32817 |
T32818 |
det |
The,insertion |
R8246 |
T32743 |
T32737 |
prep |
to,led |
R8247 |
T32818 |
T32821 |
nsubj |
insertion,results |
R8248 |
T32819 |
T32818 |
nmod |
exon,insertion |
R8249 |
T32820 |
T32819 |
nummod |
3,exon |
R8250 |
T32744 |
T32745 |
amod |
different,phenotypes |
R8251 |
T32822 |
T32818 |
punct |
", ",insertion |
R8252 |
T32823 |
T32824 |
dep |
which,confirmed |
R8253 |
T32745 |
T32743 |
pobj |
phenotypes,to |
R8254 |
T32824 |
T32818 |
relcl |
confirmed,insertion |
R8255 |
T32825 |
T32824 |
auxpass |
was,confirmed |
R8256 |
T32746 |
T32733 |
punct |
.,is |
R8257 |
T32826 |
T32824 |
prep |
by,confirmed |
R8258 |
T32827 |
T32828 |
compound |
RT,PCR |
R8259 |
T32828 |
T32826 |
pobj |
PCR,by |
R8260 |
T32829 |
T32828 |
punct |
-,PCR |
R8261 |
T32830 |
T32821 |
punct |
", ",results |
R8262 |
T32748 |
T32749 |
nsubj |
Lin,generated |
R8263 |
T32831 |
T32821 |
prep |
in,results |
R8264 |
T32832 |
T32833 |
det |
a,transcript |
R8265 |
T32833 |
T32831 |
pobj |
transcript,in |
R8266 |
T32834 |
T32833 |
compound |
mutant,transcript |
R8267 |
T32750 |
T32751 |
advmod |
et,al. |
R8268 |
T32835 |
T32836 |
dep |
that,encodes |
R8269 |
T32836 |
T32833 |
relcl |
encodes,transcript |
R8270 |
T32751 |
T32748 |
advmod |
al.,Lin |
R8271 |
T32837 |
T32838 |
det |
a,protein |
R8272 |
T32752 |
T32753 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R8273 |
T32838 |
T32836 |
dobj |
protein,encodes |
R8274 |
T32839 |
T32838 |
amod |
truncated,protein |
R8275 |
T32753 |
T32755 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R8276 |
T32840 |
T32821 |
punct |
.,results |
R8277 |
T32842 |
T32843 |
nsubj |
We,were |
R8278 |
T32754 |
T32753 |
punct |
-,1α |
R8279 |
T32844 |
T32843 |
acomp |
unable,were |
R8280 |
T32845 |
T32846 |
aux |
to,detect |
R8281 |
T32755 |
T32749 |
dobj |
mice,generated |
R8282 |
T32846 |
T32844 |
xcomp |
detect,unable |
R8283 |
T32847 |
T32848 |
amod |
normal,transcript |
R8284 |
T32756 |
T32753 |
punct |
−,1α |
R8285 |
T32848 |
T32846 |
dobj |
transcript,detect |
R8286 |
T32849 |
T32848 |
acl |
containing,transcript |
R8287 |
T32850 |
T32851 |
det |
an,border |
R8288 |
T32757 |
T32753 |
punct |
/,1α |
R8289 |
T32851 |
T32849 |
dobj |
border,containing |
R8290 |
T32852 |
T32853 |
nmod |
exon,5 |
R8291 |
T32758 |
T32753 |
punct |
−,1α |
R8292 |
T32853 |
T32851 |
nummod |
5,border |
R8293 |
T32854 |
T32855 |
punct |
–,6 |
R8294 |
T32855 |
T32853 |
prep |
6,5 |
R8295 |
T32759 |
T32749 |
prep |
by,generated |
R8296 |
T32856 |
T32843 |
punct |
", ",were |
R8297 |
T32857 |
T32843 |
advcl |
indicating,were |
R8298 |
T32858 |
T32859 |
mark |
that,was |
R8299 |
T32760 |
T32761 |
compound |
Cre,recombinase |
R8300 |
T32859 |
T32857 |
ccomp |
was,indicating |
R8301 |
T32860 |
T32861 |
det |
the,targeting |
R8302 |
T32761 |
T32762 |
npadvmod |
recombinase,mediated |
R8303 |
T32861 |
T32859 |
nsubj |
targeting,was |
R8304 |
T32862 |
T32859 |
acomp |
accurate,was |
R8305 |
T32863 |
T32862 |
cc |
and,accurate |
R8306 |
T32762 |
T32764 |
amod |
mediated,excision |
R8307 |
T32864 |
T32862 |
conj |
complete,accurate |
R8308 |
T32865 |
T32843 |
punct |
.,were |
R8309 |
T32763 |
T32762 |
punct |
-,mediated |
R8310 |
T32867 |
T32868 |
prep |
In,detect |
R8311 |
T32869 |
T32867 |
pobj |
addition,In |
R8312 |
T32870 |
T32868 |
punct |
", ",detect |
R8313 |
T32871 |
T32868 |
nsubj |
we,detect |
R8314 |
T32764 |
T32759 |
pobj |
excision,by |
R8315 |
T32872 |
T32868 |
aux |
could,detect |
R8316 |
T32873 |
T32868 |
neg |
not,detect |
R8317 |
T32874 |
T32875 |
amod |
full,length |
R8318 |
T32765 |
T32764 |
prep |
of,excision |
R8319 |
T32875 |
T32877 |
nmod |
length,proteins |
R8320 |
T32876 |
T32875 |
punct |
-,length |
R8321 |
T32766 |
T32767 |
nmod |
exons,3 |
R8322 |
T32877 |
T32868 |
dobj |
proteins,detect |
R8323 |
T32878 |
T32875 |
cc |
or,length |
R8324 |
T32879 |
T32875 |
conj |
smaller,length |
R8325 |
T32767 |
T32765 |
pobj |
3,of |
R8326 |
T32880 |
T32881 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R8327 |
T32881 |
T32877 |
compound |
1α,proteins |
R8328 |
T32882 |
T32881 |
punct |
-,1α |
R8329 |
T32768 |
T32769 |
punct |
–,5 |
R8330 |
T32883 |
T32868 |
prep |
by,detect |
R8331 |
T32884 |
T32885 |
compound |
Western,blotting |
R8332 |
T32885 |
T32883 |
pobj |
blotting,by |
R8333 |
T32769 |
T32767 |
prep |
5,3 |
R8334 |
T32886 |
T32868 |
punct |
.,detect |
R8335 |
T32770 |
T32764 |
prep |
in,excision |
R8336 |
T32888 |
T32889 |
advmod |
However,exclude |
R8337 |
T32890 |
T32889 |
punct |
", ",exclude |
R8338 |
T32771 |
T32770 |
pobj |
oocytes,in |
R8339 |
T32891 |
T32889 |
nsubj |
we,exclude |
R8340 |
T32892 |
T32889 |
aux |
can,exclude |
R8341 |
T32893 |
T32889 |
neg |
not,exclude |
R8342 |
T32772 |
T32749 |
punct |
.,generated |
R8343 |
T32894 |
T32895 |
det |
the,possibility |
R8344 |
T32895 |
T32889 |
dobj |
possibility,exclude |
R8345 |
T32896 |
T32897 |
mark |
that,was |
R8346 |
T32774 |
T32775 |
det |
The,mice |
R8347 |
T32897 |
T32895 |
acl |
was,possibility |
R8348 |
T32898 |
T32899 |
det |
the,sensitivity |
R8349 |
T32899 |
T32897 |
nsubj |
sensitivity,was |
R8350 |
T32775 |
T32782 |
nsubjpass |
mice,generated |
R8351 |
T32900 |
T32899 |
prep |
of,sensitivity |
R8352 |
T32901 |
T32902 |
det |
the,immunoblotting |
R8353 |
T32902 |
T32900 |
pobj |
immunoblotting,of |
R8354 |
T32776 |
T32777 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R8355 |
T32903 |
T32897 |
neg |
not,was |
R8356 |
T32904 |
T32897 |
acomp |
high,was |
R8357 |
T32777 |
T32775 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R8358 |
T32905 |
T32904 |
advmod |
enough,high |
R8359 |
T32906 |
T32907 |
aux |
to,pick |
R8360 |
T32907 |
T32904 |
xcomp |
pick,high |
R8361 |
T32778 |
T32777 |
punct |
-,1α |
R8362 |
T32908 |
T32907 |
prt |
up,pick |
R8363 |
T32909 |
T32910 |
det |
a,amount |
R8364 |
T32910 |
T32907 |
dobj |
amount,pick |
R8365 |
T32911 |
T32910 |
amod |
small,amount |
R8366 |
T32912 |
T32910 |
prep |
of,amount |
R8367 |
T32779 |
T32777 |
punct |
−,1α |
R8368 |
T32913 |
T32914 |
nmod |
mutant,protein |
R8369 |
T32914 |
T32912 |
pobj |
protein,of |
R8370 |
T32915 |
T32914 |
punct |
(,protein |
R8371 |
T32780 |
T32777 |
punct |
/,1α |
R8372 |
T32916 |
T32914 |
amod |
truncated,protein |
R8373 |
T32917 |
T32914 |
punct |
),protein |
R8374 |
T32918 |
T32919 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R8375 |
T32781 |
T32777 |
punct |
−,1α |
R8376 |
T32783 |
T32775 |
acl |
described,mice |
R8377 |
T32784 |
T32783 |
advmod |
here,described |
R8378 |
T32919 |
T32914 |
compound |
1α,protein |
R8379 |
T32920 |
T32919 |
punct |
-,1α |
R8380 |
T32921 |
T32922 |
dep |
that,have |
R8381 |
T32785 |
T32782 |
auxpass |
were,generated |
R8382 |
T32786 |
T32782 |
agent |
by,generated |
R8383 |
T32922 |
T32910 |
relcl |
have,amount |
R8384 |
T32787 |
T32788 |
det |
a,event |
R8385 |
T32923 |
T32922 |
aux |
could,have |
R8386 |
T32924 |
T32925 |
det |
some,activity |
R8387 |
T32788 |
T32786 |
pobj |
event,by |
R8388 |
T32925 |
T32922 |
dobj |
activity,have |
R8389 |
T32926 |
T32922 |
punct |
", ",have |
R8390 |
T32789 |
T32788 |
compound |
targeting,event |
R8391 |
T32927 |
T32922 |
prep |
given,have |
R8392 |
T32928 |
T32929 |
mark |
that,contain |
R8393 |
T32929 |
T32927 |
pcomp |
contain,given |
R8394 |
T32790 |
T32791 |
dep |
that,involved |
R8395 |
T32930 |
T32929 |
nsubj |
it,contain |
R8396 |
T32931 |
T32929 |
aux |
would,contain |
R8397 |
T32932 |
T32933 |
amod |
nuclear,receptor |
R8398 |
T32791 |
T32788 |
relcl |
involved,event |
R8399 |
T32933 |
T32934 |
npadvmod |
receptor,interacting |
R8400 |
T32934 |
T32936 |
amod |
interacting,domains |
R8401 |
T32792 |
T32793 |
det |
a,recombination |
R8402 |
T32935 |
T32934 |
punct |
-,interacting |
R8403 |
T32936 |
T32929 |
dobj |
domains,contain |
R8404 |
T32937 |
T32936 |
cc |
and,domains |
R8405 |
T32793 |
T32791 |
dobj |
recombination,involved |
R8406 |
T32938 |
T32939 |
det |
the,domain |
R8407 |
T32939 |
T32936 |
conj |
domain,domains |
R8408 |
T32794 |
T32793 |
nummod |
3,recombination |
R8409 |
T32940 |
T32941 |
npadvmod |
amino,terminal |
R8410 |
T32941 |
T32939 |
amod |
terminal,domain |
R8411 |
T32942 |
T32941 |
punct |
-,terminal |
R8412 |
T32795 |
T32794 |
punct |
′,3 |
R8413 |
T32943 |
T32939 |
compound |
activation,domain |
R8414 |
T32944 |
T32889 |
punct |
.,exclude |
R8415 |
T32946 |
T32947 |
mark |
If,are |
R8416 |
T32947 |
T32955 |
advcl |
are,explain |
R8417 |
T32796 |
T32793 |
amod |
homologous,recombination |
R8418 |
T32948 |
T32949 |
amod |
small,amounts |
R8419 |
T32949 |
T32947 |
nsubj |
amounts,are |
R8420 |
T32950 |
T32949 |
prep |
of,amounts |
R8421 |
T32797 |
T32793 |
acl |
leading,recombination |
R8422 |
T32951 |
T32952 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R8423 |
T32952 |
T32954 |
compound |
1α,activity |
R8424 |
T32798 |
T32797 |
prep |
to,leading |
R8425 |
T32953 |
T32952 |
punct |
-,1α |
R8426 |
T32954 |
T32950 |
pobj |
activity,of |
R8427 |
T32799 |
T32800 |
det |
an,insertion |
R8428 |
T32956 |
T32947 |
acomp |
present,are |
R8429 |
T32957 |
T32947 |
prep |
in,are |
R8430 |
T32958 |
T32959 |
det |
the,mice |
R8431 |
T32800 |
T32798 |
pobj |
insertion,to |
R8432 |
T32959 |
T32957 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R8433 |
T32960 |
T32959 |
acl |
reported,mice |
R8434 |
T32801 |
T32800 |
prep |
of,insertion |
R8435 |
T32961 |
T32960 |
advmod |
here,reported |
R8436 |
T32962 |
T32955 |
punct |
", ",explain |
R8437 |
T32963 |
T32955 |
nsubj |
it,explain |
R8438 |
T32802 |
T32803 |
det |
the,vector |
R8439 |
T32964 |
T32955 |
aux |
could,explain |
R8440 |
T32965 |
T32955 |
dobj |
some,explain |
R8441 |
T32966 |
T32965 |
prep |
of,some |
R8442 |
T32803 |
T32801 |
pobj |
vector,of |
R8443 |
T32967 |
T32968 |
det |
the,differences |
R8444 |
T32968 |
T32966 |
pobj |
differences,of |
R8445 |
T32804 |
T32803 |
amod |
targeting,vector |
R8446 |
T32969 |
T32968 |
amod |
observed,differences |
R8447 |
T32970 |
T32968 |
prep |
between,differences |
R8448 |
T32971 |
T32972 |
det |
the,models |
R8449 |
T32805 |
T32800 |
prep |
including,insertion |
R8450 |
T32972 |
T32970 |
pobj |
models,between |
R8451 |
T32973 |
T32955 |
punct |
.,explain |
R8452 |
T32806 |
T32807 |
det |
an,exon |
R8453 |
T32975 |
T32976 |
advmod |
However,support |
R8454 |
T32807 |
T32805 |
pobj |
exon,including |
R8455 |
T32977 |
T32976 |
punct |
", ",support |
R8456 |
T32978 |
T32979 |
det |
the,bulk |
R8457 |
T32979 |
T32976 |
nsubj |
bulk,support |
R8458 |
T32808 |
T32807 |
amod |
extra,exon |
R8459 |
T32980 |
T32979 |
prep |
of,bulk |
R8460 |
T32981 |
T32980 |
pobj |
data,of |
R8461 |
T32809 |
T32807 |
nummod |
3,exon |
R8462 |
T32982 |
T32981 |
acl |
presented,data |
R8463 |
T32983 |
T32982 |
advmod |
here,presented |
R8464 |
T32984 |
T32985 |
det |
the,conclusion |
R8465 |
T32810 |
T32807 |
prep |
between,exon |
R8466 |
T32985 |
T32976 |
dobj |
conclusion,support |
R8467 |
T32986 |
T32987 |
mark |
that,are |
R8468 |
T32987 |
T32985 |
acl |
are,conclusion |
R8469 |
T32988 |
T32989 |
det |
the,mice |
R8470 |
T32989 |
T32987 |
nsubj |
mice,are |
R8471 |
T32811 |
T32812 |
nmod |
exons,5 |
R8472 |
T32990 |
T32991 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R8473 |
T32991 |
T32989 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R8474 |
T32992 |
T32991 |
punct |
-,1α |
R8475 |
T32812 |
T32810 |
pobj |
5,between |
R8476 |
T32993 |
T32991 |
punct |
−,1α |
R8477 |
T32994 |
T32991 |
punct |
/,1α |
R8478 |
T33025 |
T33023 |
pobj |
summary,In |
R8479 |
T32995 |
T32991 |
punct |
−,1α |
R8480 |
T32996 |
T32989 |
acl |
described,mice |
R8481 |
T32997 |
T32998 |
advmod |
completely,deficient |
R8482 |
T32998 |
T32987 |
acomp |
deficient,are |
R8483 |
T33026 |
T33024 |
punct |
", ",provides |
R8484 |
T32999 |
T32987 |
prep |
in,are |
R8485 |
T33000 |
T33001 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R8486 |
T33001 |
T32999 |
pobj |
1α,in |
R8487 |
T33002 |
T33001 |
punct |
-,1α |
R8488 |
T33027 |
T33028 |
det |
this,body |
R8489 |
T33003 |
T32976 |
punct |
.,support |
R8490 |
T33028 |
T33024 |
nsubj |
body,provides |
R8491 |
T33005 |
T33006 |
amod |
Future,comparison |
R8492 |
T33006 |
T33008 |
nsubj |
comparison,be |
R8493 |
T33007 |
T33006 |
amod |
direct,comparison |
R8494 |
T33029 |
T33028 |
prep |
of,body |
R8495 |
T33009 |
T33006 |
prep |
of,comparison |
R8496 |
T33030 |
T33029 |
pobj |
work,of |
R8497 |
T33010 |
T33011 |
det |
the,lines |
R8498 |
T33031 |
T33024 |
dobj |
evidence,provides |
R8499 |
T33011 |
T33009 |
pobj |
lines,of |
R8500 |
T33012 |
T33011 |
nummod |
two,lines |
R8501 |
T33032 |
T33033 |
mark |
that,is |
R8502 |
T33013 |
T33011 |
compound |
mouse,lines |
R8503 |
T33014 |
T33011 |
prep |
in,lines |
R8504 |
T33015 |
T33016 |
amod |
pure,strains |
R8505 |
T33033 |
T33031 |
acl |
is,evidence |
R8506 |
T33016 |
T33014 |
pobj |
strains,in |
R8507 |
T33017 |
T33016 |
compound |
background,strains |
R8508 |
T33018 |
T33008 |
aux |
will,be |
R8509 |
T33034 |
T33035 |
compound |
PGC,lα |
R8510 |
T33019 |
T33008 |
prep |
of,be |
R8511 |
T33020 |
T33019 |
pobj |
interest,of |
R8512 |
T33021 |
T33008 |
punct |
.,be |
R8513 |
T33035 |
T33033 |
nsubj |
lα,is |
R8514 |
T33023 |
T33024 |
prep |
In,provides |
R8515 |
T33036 |
T33035 |
punct |
-,lα |
R8516 |
T33037 |
T33033 |
acomp |
critical,is |
R8517 |
T33038 |
T33037 |
prep |
for,critical |
R8518 |
T33039 |
T33040 |
det |
the,responses |
R8519 |
T33040 |
T33038 |
pobj |
responses,for |
R8520 |
T33131 |
T33130 |
punct |
-,1α |
R8521 |
T33041 |
T33040 |
amod |
adaptive,responses |
R8522 |
T33132 |
T33133 |
amod |
null,mice |
R8523 |
T33133 |
T33128 |
nsubj |
mice,survive |
R8524 |
T33042 |
T33040 |
amod |
necessary,responses |
R8525 |
T33134 |
T33128 |
prep |
in,survive |
R8526 |
T33135 |
T33136 |
det |
the,environment |
R8527 |
T33136 |
T33134 |
pobj |
environment,in |
R8528 |
T33043 |
T33044 |
aux |
to,meet |
R8529 |
T33137 |
T33136 |
amod |
protected,environment |
R8530 |
T33138 |
T33136 |
prep |
of,environment |
R8531 |
T33044 |
T33042 |
xcomp |
meet,necessary |
R8532 |
T33139 |
T33140 |
det |
the,laboratory |
R8533 |
T33140 |
T33138 |
pobj |
laboratory,of |
R8534 |
T33141 |
T33125 |
punct |
", ",indicate |
R8535 |
T33045 |
T33046 |
amod |
postnatal,demands |
R8536 |
T33142 |
T33143 |
poss |
our,results |
R8537 |
T33143 |
T33125 |
nsubj |
results,indicate |
R8538 |
T33144 |
T33145 |
mark |
that,be |
R8539 |
T33046 |
T33044 |
dobj |
demands,meet |
R8540 |
T33145 |
T33125 |
ccomp |
be,indicate |
R8541 |
T33146 |
T33145 |
prep |
in,be |
R8542 |
T33147 |
T33148 |
det |
the,rigors |
R8543 |
T33047 |
T33046 |
compound |
energy,demands |
R8544 |
T33148 |
T33146 |
pobj |
rigors,in |
R8545 |
T33149 |
T33148 |
prep |
of,rigors |
R8546 |
T33150 |
T33151 |
det |
a,environment |
R8547 |
T33048 |
T33024 |
punct |
.,provides |
R8548 |
T33151 |
T33149 |
pobj |
environment,of |
R8549 |
T33152 |
T33151 |
amod |
typical,environment |
R8550 |
T33050 |
T33051 |
poss |
Our,results |
R8551 |
T33153 |
T33151 |
amod |
external,environment |
R8552 |
T33154 |
T33145 |
punct |
", ",be |
R8553 |
T33155 |
T33156 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R8554 |
T33156 |
T33145 |
nsubj |
1α,be |
R8555 |
T33051 |
T33052 |
nsubj |
results,suggest |
R8556 |
T33157 |
T33156 |
punct |
-,1α |
R8557 |
T33158 |
T33145 |
aux |
would,be |
R8558 |
T33159 |
T33145 |
acomp |
necessary,be |
R8559 |
T33053 |
T33052 |
advmod |
also,suggest |
R8560 |
T33160 |
T33159 |
prep |
for,necessary |
R8561 |
T33161 |
T33160 |
pobj |
survival,for |
R8562 |
T33162 |
T33125 |
punct |
.,indicate |
R8563 |
T33054 |
T33055 |
det |
a,role |
R8564 |
T33164 |
T33165 |
advmod |
Lastly,propose |
R8565 |
T33055 |
T33052 |
dobj |
role,suggest |
R8566 |
T33166 |
T33165 |
punct |
", ",propose |
R8567 |
T33167 |
T33165 |
nsubj |
we,propose |
R8568 |
T33168 |
T33169 |
mark |
that,serve |
R8569 |
T33056 |
T33055 |
amod |
broader,role |
R8570 |
T33169 |
T33165 |
ccomp |
serve,propose |
R8571 |
T33170 |
T33171 |
det |
the,mice |
R8572 |
T33171 |
T33169 |
nsubj |
mice,serve |
R8573 |
T33172 |
T33173 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R8574 |
T33173 |
T33171 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R8575 |
T33174 |
T33173 |
punct |
-,1α |
R8576 |
T33057 |
T33055 |
prep |
for,role |
R8577 |
T33175 |
T33173 |
punct |
−,1α |
R8578 |
T33176 |
T33173 |
punct |
/,1α |
R8579 |
T33177 |
T33173 |
punct |
−,1α |
R8580 |
T33058 |
T33059 |
amod |
inducible,coactivators |
R8581 |
T33178 |
T33169 |
aux |
should,serve |
R8582 |
T33179 |
T33169 |
prep |
as,serve |
R8583 |
T33180 |
T33181 |
det |
a,model |
R8584 |
T33059 |
T33057 |
pobj |
coactivators,for |
R8585 |
T33060 |
T33059 |
amod |
transcriptional,coactivators |
R8587 |
T33061 |
T33062 |
amod |
such,as |
R8591 |
T33062 |
T33059 |
prep |
as,coactivators |
R8595 |
T33063 |
T33064 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R8598 |
T33064 |
T33062 |
pobj |
1α,as |
R8602 |
T33065 |
T33064 |
punct |
-,1α |
R8605 |
T33066 |
T33055 |
prep |
in,role |
R8609 |
T33067 |
T33066 |
pcomp |
transducing,in |
R8613 |
T33068 |
T33069 |
amod |
cellular,signals |
R8617 |
T33069 |
T33067 |
dobj |
signals,transducing |
R8620 |
T33070 |
T33069 |
acl |
triggered,signals |
R8627 |
T33071 |
T33070 |
agent |
by,triggered |
R8630 |
T33072 |
T33073 |
amod |
physiologic,cues |
R8631 |
T33073 |
T33071 |
pobj |
cues,by |
R8632 |
T33074 |
T33072 |
cc |
and,physiologic |
R8633 |
T33075 |
T33072 |
conj |
developmental,physiologic |
R8634 |
T33076 |
T33067 |
prep |
to,transducing |
R8635 |
T33077 |
T33078 |
det |
the,control |
R8636 |
T33078 |
T33076 |
pobj |
control,to |
R8637 |
T33079 |
T33078 |
amod |
transcriptional,control |
R8638 |
T33080 |
T33078 |
prep |
of,control |
R8639 |
T33081 |
T33082 |
compound |
energy,metabolism |
R8640 |
T33082 |
T33080 |
pobj |
metabolism,of |
R8641 |
T33083 |
T33082 |
cc |
and,metabolism |
R8642 |
T33084 |
T33085 |
amod |
other,processes |
R8643 |
T33085 |
T33082 |
conj |
processes,metabolism |
R8644 |
T33086 |
T33085 |
amod |
dynamic,processes |
R8645 |
T33087 |
T33085 |
amod |
cellular,processes |
R8646 |
T33088 |
T33052 |
punct |
.,suggest |
R8647 |
T33090 |
T33091 |
prep |
In,serves |
R8648 |
T33092 |
T33093 |
det |
this,regard |
R8649 |
T33093 |
T33090 |
pobj |
regard,In |
R8650 |
T33094 |
T33091 |
punct |
", ",serves |
R8651 |
T33095 |
T33096 |
det |
the,coactivator |
R8652 |
T33096 |
T33091 |
nsubj |
coactivator,serves |
R8653 |
T33097 |
T33096 |
amod |
inducible,coactivator |
R8654 |
T33098 |
T33099 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R8655 |
T33099 |
T33096 |
appos |
1α,coactivator |
R8656 |
T33100 |
T33099 |
punct |
-,1α |
R8657 |
T33101 |
T33091 |
prep |
as,serves |
R8658 |
T33102 |
T33103 |
det |
a,booster |
R8659 |
T33103 |
T33101 |
pobj |
booster,as |
R8660 |
T33104 |
T33103 |
amod |
transcriptional,booster |
R8661 |
T33105 |
T33103 |
punct |
“,booster |
R8662 |
T33106 |
T33103 |
punct |
”,booster |
R8663 |
T33107 |
T33108 |
aux |
to,augment |
R8664 |
T33108 |
T33103 |
advcl |
augment,booster |
R8665 |
T33109 |
T33110 |
det |
the,capacity |
R8666 |
T33110 |
T33108 |
dobj |
capacity,augment |
R8667 |
T33111 |
T33110 |
prep |
of,capacity |
R8668 |
T33112 |
T33113 |
amod |
downstream,pathways |
R8669 |
T33113 |
T33111 |
pobj |
pathways,of |
R8670 |
T33114 |
T33113 |
amod |
metabolic,pathways |
R8671 |
T33115 |
T33113 |
amod |
critical,pathways |
R8672 |
T33116 |
T33115 |
prep |
for,critical |
R8673 |
T33117 |
T33118 |
amod |
metabolic,maturation |
R8674 |
T33118 |
T33116 |
pobj |
maturation,for |
R8675 |
T33119 |
T33118 |
cc |
and,maturation |
R8676 |
T33120 |
T33121 |
amod |
postnatal,growth |
R8677 |
T33121 |
T33118 |
conj |
growth,maturation |
R8678 |
T33122 |
T33091 |
punct |
.,serves |
R8679 |
T33124 |
T33125 |
advmod |
Indeed,indicate |
R8680 |
T33126 |
T33125 |
punct |
", ",indicate |
R8681 |
T33127 |
T33128 |
mark |
although,survive |
R8682 |
T33128 |
T33125 |
advcl |
survive,indicate |
R8683 |
T33129 |
T33130 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R8684 |
T33130 |
T33132 |
npadvmod |
1α,null |
R8687 |
T34069 |
T34070 |
det |
the,gene |
R8688 |
T34070 |
T34068 |
dobj |
gene,Targeting |
R8689 |
T34071 |
T34072 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R8690 |
T34072 |
T34070 |
compound |
1α,gene |
R8691 |
T34073 |
T34072 |
punct |
-,1α |
R8692 |
T34074 |
T34068 |
prep |
in,Targeting |
R8693 |
T34075 |
T34074 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R8694 |
T34077 |
T34078 |
det |
A,clone |
R8695 |
T34078 |
T34081 |
nsubjpass |
clone,obtained |
R8696 |
T34079 |
T34078 |
nmod |
BAC,clone |
R8697 |
T34080 |
T34078 |
amod |
genomic,clone |
R8698 |
T34082 |
T34078 |
acl |
containing,clone |
R8699 |
T34083 |
T34084 |
det |
the,gene |
R8700 |
T34084 |
T34082 |
dobj |
gene,containing |
R8701 |
T34085 |
T34084 |
amod |
murine,gene |
R8702 |
T34086 |
T34087 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R8703 |
T34087 |
T34084 |
compound |
1α,gene |
R8704 |
T34088 |
T34087 |
punct |
-,1α |
R8705 |
T34089 |
T34084 |
punct |
", ",gene |
R8706 |
T34090 |
T34084 |
acl |
isolated,gene |
R8707 |
T34091 |
T34090 |
prep |
from,isolated |
R8708 |
T34092 |
T34093 |
det |
an,library |
R8709 |
T34093 |
T34091 |
pobj |
library,from |
R8710 |
T34094 |
T34093 |
nmod |
Sv129,library |
R8711 |
T34095 |
T34093 |
amod |
genomic,library |
R8712 |
T34096 |
T34081 |
punct |
", ",obtained |
R8713 |
T34097 |
T34081 |
auxpass |
was,obtained |
R8714 |
T34098 |
T34081 |
prep |
from,obtained |
R8715 |
T34099 |
T34100 |
compound |
Incyte,Genomics |
R8716 |
T34100 |
T34098 |
pobj |
Genomics,from |
R8717 |
T34101 |
T34102 |
punct |
(,Alto |
R8718 |
T34102 |
T34100 |
parataxis |
Alto,Genomics |
R8719 |
T34103 |
T34102 |
compound |
Palo,Alto |
R8720 |
T34104 |
T34102 |
punct |
", ",Alto |
R8721 |
T34105 |
T34102 |
npadvmod |
California,Alto |
R8722 |
T34106 |
T34102 |
punct |
", ",Alto |
R8723 |
T34107 |
T34108 |
compound |
United,States |
R8724 |
T34108 |
T34102 |
npadvmod |
States,Alto |
R8725 |
T34109 |
T34102 |
punct |
),Alto |
R8726 |
T34110 |
T34081 |
punct |
.,obtained |
R8727 |
T34112 |
T34113 |
det |
A,region |
R8728 |
T34113 |
T34117 |
nsubjpass |
region,amplified |
R8729 |
T34114 |
T34115 |
nummod |
3,kb |
R8730 |
T34115 |
T34113 |
compound |
kb,region |
R8731 |
T34116 |
T34115 |
punct |
-,kb |
R8732 |
T34118 |
T34113 |
acl |
spanning,region |
R8733 |
T34119 |
T34118 |
dobj |
exon,spanning |
R8734 |
T34120 |
T34119 |
nummod |
3,exon |
R8735 |
T34121 |
T34117 |
auxpass |
was,amplified |
R8736 |
T34122 |
T34117 |
prep |
from,amplified |
R8737 |
T34123 |
T34124 |
det |
the,clone |
R8738 |
T34124 |
T34122 |
pobj |
clone,from |
R8739 |
T34125 |
T34124 |
amod |
genomic,clone |
R8740 |
T34126 |
T34117 |
punct |
.,amplified |
R8741 |
T34128 |
T34129 |
det |
A,primer |
R8742 |
T34129 |
T34132 |
nsubjpass |
primer,designed |
R8743 |
T34130 |
T34129 |
nummod |
5,primer |
R8744 |
T34131 |
T34130 |
punct |
′,5 |
R8745 |
T34133 |
T34132 |
auxpass |
was,designed |
R8746 |
T34134 |
T34135 |
aux |
to,amplify |
R8747 |
T34135 |
T34132 |
advcl |
amplify,designed |
R8748 |
T34136 |
T34137 |
det |
a,fragment |
R8749 |
T34137 |
T34135 |
dobj |
fragment,amplify |
R8750 |
T34138 |
T34137 |
prep |
with,fragment |
R8751 |
T34139 |
T34140 |
det |
the,end |
R8752 |
T34140 |
T34143 |
nsubj |
end,beginning |
R8753 |
T34141 |
T34140 |
nummod |
5,end |
R8754 |
T34142 |
T34141 |
punct |
′,5 |
R8755 |
T34143 |
T34138 |
pcomp |
beginning,with |
R8756 |
T34144 |
T34145 |
nummod |
732,bp |
R8757 |
T34145 |
T34146 |
npadvmod |
bp,upstream |
R8758 |
T34146 |
T34143 |
advmod |
upstream,beginning |
R8759 |
T34147 |
T34146 |
prep |
of,upstream |
R8760 |
T34148 |
T34147 |
pobj |
exon,of |
R8761 |
T34149 |
T34148 |
nummod |
3,exon |
R8762 |
T34150 |
T34151 |
advmod |
just,upstream |
R8763 |
T34151 |
T34143 |
advmod |
upstream,beginning |
R8764 |
T34152 |
T34151 |
prep |
of,upstream |
R8765 |
T34153 |
T34154 |
det |
an,site |
R8766 |
T34154 |
T34152 |
pobj |
site,of |
R8767 |
T34155 |
T34154 |
amod |
endogenous,site |
R8768 |
T34156 |
T34154 |
compound |
Kpn1,site |
R8769 |
T34157 |
T34154 |
compound |
restriction,site |
R8770 |
T34158 |
T34159 |
punct |
(,AGTTTCCTTAGCAACTTCATA |
R8771 |
T34159 |
T34154 |
parataxis |
AGTTTCCTTAGCAACTTCATA,site |
R8772 |
T34160 |
T34159 |
nummod |
5,AGTTTCCTTAGCAACTTCATA |
R8773 |
T34161 |
T34160 |
punct |
′,5 |
R8774 |
T34162 |
T34159 |
punct |
-,AGTTTCCTTAGCAACTTCATA |
R8775 |
T34163 |
T34159 |
punct |
-,AGTTTCCTTAGCAACTTCATA |
R8776 |
T34164 |
T34159 |
nummod |
3,AGTTTCCTTAGCAACTTCATA |
R8777 |
T34165 |
T34159 |
punct |
′,AGTTTCCTTAGCAACTTCATA |
R8778 |
T34166 |
T34159 |
punct |
),AGTTTCCTTAGCAACTTCATA |
R8779 |
T34167 |
T34132 |
punct |
.,designed |
R8780 |
T34169 |
T34170 |
det |
The,primer |
R8781 |
T34170 |
T34173 |
nsubj |
primer,contained |
R8782 |
T34171 |
T34170 |
nummod |
3,primer |
R8783 |
T34172 |
T34171 |
punct |
′,3 |
R8784 |
T34174 |
T34175 |
det |
a,site |
R8785 |
T34175 |
T34173 |
dobj |
site,contained |
R8786 |
T34176 |
T34175 |
compound |
BamH1,site |
R8787 |
T34177 |
T34175 |
acl |
engineered,site |
R8788 |
T34178 |
T34177 |
prep |
by,engineered |
R8789 |
T34179 |
T34178 |
pcomp |
mutating,by |
R8790 |
T34180 |
T34181 |
det |
the,bases |
R8791 |
T34181 |
T34179 |
dobj |
bases,mutating |
R8792 |
T34182 |
T34181 |
acl |
shown,bases |
R8793 |
T34183 |
T34182 |
prep |
in,shown |
R8794 |
T34184 |
T34183 |
pobj |
lowercase,in |
R8795 |
T34185 |
T34186 |
punct |
(,AAGGATTTTAgGATcc CAGTAC |
R8796 |
T34186 |
T34175 |
parataxis |
AAGGATTTTAgGATcc CAGTAC,site |
R8797 |
T34187 |
T34186 |
nummod |
5,AAGGATTTTAgGATcc CAGTAC |
R8798 |
T34188 |
T34187 |
punct |
′,5 |
R8799 |
T34189 |
T34186 |
punct |
-,AAGGATTTTAgGATcc CAGTAC |
R8800 |
T34190 |
T34186 |
punct |
-,AAGGATTTTAgGATcc CAGTAC |
R8801 |
T34191 |
T34186 |
nummod |
3,AAGGATTTTAgGATcc CAGTAC |
R8802 |
T34192 |
T34186 |
punct |
′,AAGGATTTTAgGATcc CAGTAC |
R8803 |
T34193 |
T34186 |
punct |
),AAGGATTTTAgGATcc CAGTAC |
R8804 |
T34194 |
T34173 |
punct |
.,contained |
R8805 |
T34196 |
T34197 |
det |
A,fragment |
R8806 |
T34197 |
T34199 |
nsubjpass |
fragment,amplified |
R8807 |
T34198 |
T34197 |
amod |
second,fragment |
R8808 |
T34200 |
T34197 |
advmod |
downstream,fragment |
R8809 |
T34201 |
T34200 |
prep |
of,downstream |
R8810 |
T34202 |
T34201 |
pobj |
exon,of |
R8811 |
T34203 |
T34202 |
nummod |
5,exon |
R8812 |
T34204 |
T34199 |
auxpass |
was,amplified |
R8813 |
T34205 |
T34199 |
punct |
.,amplified |
R8814 |
T34207 |
T34208 |
prep |
In,engineered |
R8815 |
T34209 |
T34210 |
det |
this,amplicon |
R8816 |
T34210 |
T34207 |
pobj |
amplicon,In |
R8817 |
T34211 |
T34210 |
amod |
latter,amplicon |
R8818 |
T34212 |
T34208 |
punct |
", ",engineered |
R8819 |
T34213 |
T34214 |
nmod |
Not1,sites |
R8820 |
T34214 |
T34208 |
nsubjpass |
sites,engineered |
R8821 |
T34215 |
T34213 |
cc |
and,Not1 |
R8822 |
T34216 |
T34213 |
conj |
Xho1,Not1 |
R8823 |
T34217 |
T34208 |
auxpass |
were,engineered |
R8824 |
T34218 |
T34208 |
prep |
into,engineered |
R8825 |
T34219 |
T34220 |
det |
the,5 |
R8826 |
T34220 |
T34221 |
nummod |
5,primers |
R8827 |
T34221 |
T34218 |
pobj |
primers,into |
R8828 |
T34222 |
T34220 |
punct |
′,5 |
R8829 |
T34223 |
T34220 |
cc |
and,5 |
R8830 |
T34224 |
T34220 |
conj |
3,5 |
R8831 |
T34225 |
T34224 |
punct |
′,3 |
R8832 |
T34226 |
T34208 |
punct |
", ",engineered |
R8833 |
T34227 |
T34208 |
advmod |
respectively,engineered |
R8834 |
T34228 |
T34229 |
punct |
(,TGGAGTgc GGCCGCTGGGA |
R8835 |
T34229 |
T34208 |
parataxis |
TGGAGTgc GGCCGCTGGGA,engineered |
R8836 |
T34230 |
T34229 |
nummod |
5,TGGAGTgc GGCCGCTGGGA |
R8837 |
T34231 |
T34230 |
punct |
′,5 |
R8838 |
T34232 |
T34229 |
punct |
-,TGGAGTgc GGCCGCTGGGA |
R8839 |
T34233 |
T34229 |
punct |
-,TGGAGTgc GGCCGCTGGGA |
R8840 |
T34234 |
T34229 |
nummod |
3,TGGAGTgc GGCCGCTGGGA |
R8841 |
T34235 |
T34229 |
punct |
′,TGGAGTgc GGCCGCTGGGA |
R8842 |
T34236 |
T34229 |
cc |
and,TGGAGTgc GGCCGCTGGGA |
R8843 |
T34237 |
T34238 |
nummod |
5,AAAGAGTCTCgAg AATAGTTTCT |
R8844 |
T34238 |
T34229 |
conj |
AAAGAGTCTCgAg AATAGTTTCT,TGGAGTgc GGCCGCTGGGA |
R8845 |
T34239 |
T34237 |
punct |
′,5 |
R8846 |
T34240 |
T34238 |
punct |
-,AAAGAGTCTCgAg AATAGTTTCT |
R8847 |
T34241 |
T34238 |
punct |
-,AAAGAGTCTCgAg AATAGTTTCT |
R8848 |
T34242 |
T34238 |
nummod |
3,AAAGAGTCTCgAg AATAGTTTCT |
R8849 |
T34243 |
T34238 |
punct |
′,AAAGAGTCTCgAg AATAGTTTCT |
R8850 |
T34244 |
T34229 |
punct |
),TGGAGTgc GGCCGCTGGGA |
R8851 |
T34245 |
T34208 |
punct |
.,engineered |
R8852 |
T34247 |
T34248 |
det |
The,fragments |
R8853 |
T34248 |
T34249 |
nsubjpass |
fragments,cloned |
R8854 |
T34250 |
T34249 |
auxpass |
were,cloned |
R8855 |
T34251 |
T34249 |
prep |
into,cloned |
R8856 |
T34252 |
T34253 |
compound |
p1339,Neomycin |
R8857 |
T34253 |
T34257 |
compound |
Neomycin,vector |
R8858 |
T34254 |
T34253 |
punct |
-,Neomycin |
R8859 |
T34255 |
T34253 |
compound |
PGK,Neomycin |
R8860 |
T34256 |
T34253 |
punct |
-,Neomycin |
R8861 |
T34257 |
T34251 |
pobj |
vector,into |
R8862 |
T34258 |
T34257 |
compound |
targeting,vector |
R8863 |
T34259 |
T34249 |
punct |
.,cloned |
R8864 |
T34261 |
T34262 |
det |
The,construct |
R8865 |
T34262 |
T34263 |
nsubjpass |
construct,linearized |
R8866 |
T34264 |
T34263 |
auxpass |
was,linearized |
R8867 |
T34265 |
T34263 |
prep |
with,linearized |
R8868 |
T34266 |
T34265 |
pobj |
Xho1,with |
R8869 |
T34267 |
T34263 |
cc |
and,linearized |
R8870 |
T34268 |
T34263 |
conj |
electroporated,linearized |
R8871 |
T34269 |
T34268 |
prep |
into,electroporated |
R8872 |
T34270 |
T34271 |
compound |
RW4,cells |
R8873 |
T34271 |
T34269 |
pobj |
cells,into |
R8874 |
T34272 |
T34271 |
compound |
ES,cells |
R8875 |
T34273 |
T34271 |
punct |
(,cells |
R8876 |
T34274 |
T34275 |
npadvmod |
Sv129,derived |
R8877 |
T34275 |
T34271 |
amod |
derived,cells |
R8878 |
T34276 |
T34268 |
punct |
),electroporated |
R8879 |
T34277 |
T34268 |
advcl |
using,electroporated |
R8880 |
T34278 |
T34279 |
compound |
G418,selection |
R8881 |
T34279 |
T34277 |
dobj |
selection,using |
R8882 |
T34280 |
T34263 |
punct |
.,linearized |
R8883 |
T34282 |
T34283 |
det |
The,electroporation |
R8884 |
T34283 |
T34284 |
nsubjpass |
electroporation,performed |
R8885 |
T34285 |
T34284 |
auxpass |
was,performed |
R8886 |
T34286 |
T34284 |
agent |
by,performed |
R8887 |
T34287 |
T34288 |
det |
the,Core |
R8888 |
T34288 |
T34286 |
pobj |
Core,by |
R8889 |
T34289 |
T34290 |
compound |
Siteman,Center |
R8890 |
T34290 |
T34288 |
compound |
Center,Core |
R8891 |
T34291 |
T34290 |
compound |
Cancer,Center |
R8892 |
T34292 |
T34293 |
compound |
ES,Cell |
R8893 |
T34293 |
T34288 |
compound |
Cell,Core |
R8894 |
T34294 |
T34288 |
prep |
at,Core |
R8895 |
T34295 |
T34296 |
compound |
Washington,University |
R8896 |
T34296 |
T34294 |
pobj |
University,at |
R8897 |
T34297 |
T34298 |
punct |
(,Louis |
R8898 |
T34298 |
T34296 |
parataxis |
Louis,University |
R8899 |
T34299 |
T34298 |
compound |
St.,Louis |
R8900 |
T34300 |
T34298 |
punct |
", ",Louis |
R8901 |
T34301 |
T34298 |
npadvmod |
Missouri,Louis |
R8902 |
T34302 |
T34298 |
punct |
", ",Louis |
R8903 |
T34303 |
T34304 |
compound |
United,States |
R8904 |
T34304 |
T34298 |
npadvmod |
States,Louis |
R8905 |
T34305 |
T34298 |
punct |
),Louis |
R8906 |
T34306 |
T34284 |
punct |
.,performed |
R8907 |
T34308 |
T34309 |
det |
The,clones |
R8908 |
T34309 |
T34310 |
nsubjpass |
clones,screened |
R8909 |
T34311 |
T34310 |
auxpass |
were,screened |
R8910 |
T34312 |
T34310 |
prep |
by,screened |
R8911 |
T34313 |
T34314 |
compound |
Southern,blot |
R8912 |
T34314 |
T34312 |
pobj |
blot,by |
R8913 |
T34315 |
T34310 |
advcl |
using,screened |
R8914 |
T34316 |
T34317 |
det |
an,digest |
R8915 |
T34317 |
T34315 |
dobj |
digest,using |
R8916 |
T34318 |
T34317 |
compound |
Xba1,digest |
R8917 |
T34319 |
T34320 |
punct |
(,see |
R8918 |
T34320 |
T34310 |
parataxis |
see,screened |
R8919 |
T34321 |
T34322 |
compound |
Figure,1A |
R8920 |
T34322 |
T34320 |
dobj |
1A,see |
R8921 |
T34323 |
T34322 |
cc |
and,1A |
R8922 |
T34324 |
T34322 |
conj |
1B,1A |
R8923 |
T34325 |
T34320 |
punct |
),see |
R8924 |
T34326 |
T34310 |
punct |
.,screened |
R8925 |
T34328 |
T34329 |
nummod |
One,clone |
R8926 |
T34329 |
T34330 |
nsubj |
clone,was |
R8927 |
T34331 |
T34329 |
prep |
out,clone |
R8928 |
T34332 |
T34331 |
prep |
of,out |
R8929 |
T34333 |
T34334 |
advmod |
approximately,400 |
R8930 |
T34334 |
T34332 |
pobj |
400,of |
R8931 |
T34335 |
T34334 |
acl |
screened,400 |
R8932 |
T34336 |
T34330 |
acomp |
positive,was |
R8933 |
T34337 |
T34336 |
prep |
for,positive |
R8934 |
T34338 |
T34339 |
det |
the,recombination |
R8935 |
T34339 |
T34337 |
pobj |
recombination,for |
R8936 |
T34340 |
T34339 |
amod |
homologous,recombination |
R8937 |
T34341 |
T34339 |
prep |
on,recombination |
R8938 |
T34342 |
T34343 |
det |
the,end |
R8939 |
T34343 |
T34341 |
pobj |
end,on |
R8940 |
T34344 |
T34343 |
nummod |
3,end |
R8941 |
T34345 |
T34344 |
punct |
′,3 |
R8942 |
T34346 |
T34339 |
cc |
and,recombination |
R8943 |
T34347 |
T34348 |
det |
an,insertion |
R8944 |
T34348 |
T34339 |
conj |
insertion,recombination |
R8945 |
T34349 |
T34348 |
prep |
on,insertion |
R8946 |
T34350 |
T34351 |
det |
the,end |
R8947 |
T34351 |
T34349 |
pobj |
end,on |
R8948 |
T34352 |
T34351 |
nummod |
5,end |
R8949 |
T34353 |
T34352 |
punct |
′,5 |
R8950 |
T34354 |
T34330 |
punct |
.,was |
R8951 |
T34356 |
T34357 |
det |
This,clone |
R8952 |
T34357 |
T34358 |
nsubjpass |
clone,injected |
R8953 |
T34359 |
T34358 |
auxpass |
was,injected |
R8954 |
T34360 |
T34358 |
prep |
into,injected |
R8955 |
T34361 |
T34362 |
det |
a,blastocyst |
R8956 |
T34362 |
T34360 |
pobj |
blastocyst,into |
R8957 |
T34363 |
T34364 |
compound |
C57BL6,J |
R8958 |
T34364 |
T34362 |
compound |
J,blastocyst |
R8959 |
T34365 |
T34364 |
punct |
/,J |
R8960 |
T34366 |
T34358 |
punct |
.,injected |
R8961 |
T34368 |
T34369 |
nsubjpass |
Chimeras,mated |
R8962 |
T34370 |
T34369 |
auxpass |
were,mated |
R8963 |
T34371 |
T34369 |
prep |
to,mated |
R8964 |
T34372 |
T34373 |
compound |
C57BL6,J |
R8965 |
T34373 |
T34375 |
compound |
J,mice |
R8966 |
T34374 |
T34373 |
punct |
/,J |
R8967 |
T34375 |
T34371 |
pobj |
mice,to |
R8968 |
T34376 |
T34369 |
cc |
and,mated |
R8969 |
T34377 |
T34378 |
compound |
germline,transmission |
R8970 |
T34378 |
T34379 |
nsubjpass |
transmission,confirmed |
R8971 |
T34379 |
T34369 |
conj |
confirmed,mated |
R8972 |
T34380 |
T34379 |
auxpass |
was,confirmed |
R8973 |
T34381 |
T34379 |
prep |
by,confirmed |
R8974 |
T34382 |
T34383 |
compound |
Southern,blotting |
R8975 |
T34383 |
T34381 |
pobj |
blotting,by |
R8976 |
T34384 |
T34383 |
prep |
of,blotting |
R8977 |
T34385 |
T34386 |
compound |
tail,DNA |
R8978 |
T34386 |
T34384 |
pobj |
DNA,of |
R8979 |
T34387 |
T34388 |
punct |
(,see |
R8980 |
T34388 |
T34379 |
parataxis |
see,confirmed |
R8981 |
T34389 |
T34390 |
compound |
Figure,1B |
R8982 |
T34390 |
T34388 |
dobj |
1B,see |
R8983 |
T34391 |
T34388 |
punct |
),see |
R8984 |
T34392 |
T34379 |
punct |
.,confirmed |
R8985 |
T34394 |
T34395 |
det |
All,experiments |
R8986 |
T34395 |
T34396 |
nsubjpass |
experiments,performed |
R8987 |
T34397 |
T34396 |
auxpass |
were,performed |
R8988 |
T34398 |
T34396 |
advcl |
using,performed |
R8989 |
T34399 |
T34400 |
npadvmod |
sex,matched |
R8990 |
T34400 |
T34405 |
amod |
matched,controls |
R8991 |
T34401 |
T34399 |
punct |
-,sex |
R8992 |
T34402 |
T34399 |
cc |
and,sex |
R8993 |
T34403 |
T34399 |
conj |
age,sex |
R8994 |
T34404 |
T34400 |
punct |
-,matched |
R8995 |
T34405 |
T34398 |
dobj |
controls,using |
R8996 |
T34406 |
T34400 |
cc |
or,matched |
R8997 |
T34407 |
T34400 |
conj |
littermate,matched |
R8998 |
T34408 |
T34409 |
mark |
as,noted |
R8999 |
T34409 |
T34396 |
advcl |
noted,performed |
R9000 |
T34410 |
T34396 |
punct |
.,performed |
R9001 |
T35414 |
T35415 |
amod |
General,studies |
R9002 |
T35416 |
T35415 |
compound |
animal,studies |
R9003 |
T35418 |
T35419 |
det |
All,experiments |
R9004 |
T35419 |
T35421 |
nsubjpass |
experiments,conducted |
R9005 |
T35420 |
T35419 |
compound |
animal,experiments |
R9006 |
T35422 |
T35419 |
cc |
and,experiments |
R9007 |
T35423 |
T35424 |
compound |
euthanasia,protocols |
R9008 |
T35424 |
T35419 |
conj |
protocols,experiments |
R9009 |
T35425 |
T35421 |
auxpass |
were,conducted |
R9010 |
T35426 |
T35421 |
prep |
in,conducted |
R9011 |
T35427 |
T35428 |
amod |
strict,accordance |
R9012 |
T35428 |
T35426 |
pobj |
accordance,in |
R9013 |
T35429 |
T35428 |
prep |
with,accordance |
R9014 |
T35430 |
T35431 |
det |
the,Institutes |
R9015 |
T35431 |
T35433 |
nmod |
Institutes,guidelines |
R9016 |
T35432 |
T35431 |
nmod |
National,Institutes |
R9017 |
T35433 |
T35429 |
pobj |
guidelines,with |
R9018 |
T35434 |
T35431 |
prep |
of,Institutes |
R9019 |
T35435 |
T35434 |
pobj |
Health,of |
R9020 |
T35436 |
T35433 |
prep |
for,guidelines |
R9021 |
T35437 |
T35438 |
compound |
humane,treatment |
R9022 |
T35438 |
T35436 |
pobj |
treatment,for |
R9023 |
T35439 |
T35438 |
prep |
of,treatment |
R9024 |
T35440 |
T35439 |
pobj |
animals,of |
R9025 |
T35441 |
T35421 |
cc |
and,conducted |
R9026 |
T35442 |
T35443 |
auxpass |
were,reviewed |
R9027 |
T35443 |
T35421 |
conj |
reviewed,conducted |
R9028 |
T35444 |
T35443 |
cc |
and,reviewed |
R9029 |
T35445 |
T35443 |
conj |
approved,reviewed |
R9030 |
T35446 |
T35445 |
agent |
by,approved |
R9031 |
T35447 |
T35448 |
det |
the,Committee |
R9032 |
T35448 |
T35446 |
pobj |
Committee,by |
R9033 |
T35449 |
T35450 |
compound |
Animal,Care |
R9034 |
T35450 |
T35448 |
compound |
Care,Committee |
R9035 |
T35451 |
T35448 |
prep |
of,Committee |
R9036 |
T35452 |
T35453 |
compound |
Washington,University |
R9037 |
T35453 |
T35451 |
pobj |
University,of |
R9038 |
T35454 |
T35421 |
punct |
.,conducted |
R9039 |
T35456 |
T35457 |
nsubjpass |
Animals,weighed |
R9040 |
T35458 |
T35457 |
auxpass |
were,weighed |
R9041 |
T35459 |
T35457 |
prep |
at,weighed |
R9042 |
T35460 |
T35461 |
amod |
different,points |
R9043 |
T35461 |
T35459 |
pobj |
points,at |
R9044 |
T35462 |
T35461 |
compound |
time,points |
R9045 |
T35463 |
T35457 |
punct |
.,weighed |
R9046 |
T35465 |
T35466 |
amod |
Male,mice |
R9047 |
T35466 |
T35490 |
nsubjpass |
mice,euthanized |
R9048 |
T35467 |
T35465 |
cc |
and,Male |
R9049 |
T35468 |
T35465 |
conj |
female,Male |
R9050 |
T35469 |
T35470 |
quantmod |
3,8 |
R9051 |
T35470 |
T35473 |
nummod |
8,wk |
R9052 |
T35471 |
T35470 |
punct |
-,8 |
R9053 |
T35472 |
T35470 |
quantmod |
to,8 |
R9054 |
T35473 |
T35475 |
npadvmod |
wk,old |
R9055 |
T35474 |
T35473 |
punct |
-,wk |
R9056 |
T35475 |
T35466 |
amod |
old,mice |
R9057 |
T35476 |
T35475 |
punct |
-,old |
R9058 |
T35477 |
T35478 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R9059 |
T35478 |
T35466 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R9060 |
T35479 |
T35478 |
punct |
-,1α |
R9061 |
T35480 |
T35478 |
punct |
+,1α |
R9062 |
T35481 |
T35478 |
punct |
/,1α |
R9063 |
T35482 |
T35478 |
punct |
+,1α |
R9064 |
T35483 |
T35478 |
cc |
and,1α |
R9065 |
T35484 |
T35485 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R9066 |
T35485 |
T35478 |
conj |
1α,1α |
R9067 |
T35486 |
T35485 |
punct |
-,1α |
R9068 |
T35487 |
T35485 |
punct |
−,1α |
R9069 |
T35488 |
T35485 |
punct |
/,1α |
R9070 |
T35489 |
T35485 |
punct |
−,1α |
R9071 |
T35491 |
T35490 |
auxpass |
were,euthanized |
R9072 |
T35492 |
T35490 |
punct |
", ",euthanized |
R9073 |
T35493 |
T35490 |
cc |
and,euthanized |
R9074 |
T35494 |
T35495 |
nsubjpass |
tissues,dissected |
R9075 |
T35495 |
T35490 |
conj |
dissected,euthanized |
R9076 |
T35496 |
T35495 |
auxpass |
were,dissected |
R9077 |
T35497 |
T35495 |
cc |
and,dissected |
R9078 |
T35498 |
T35495 |
conj |
weighed,dissected |
R9079 |
T35499 |
T35498 |
prep |
on,weighed |
R9080 |
T35500 |
T35501 |
det |
an,balance |
R9081 |
T35501 |
T35499 |
pobj |
balance,on |
R9082 |
T35502 |
T35501 |
amod |
analytical,balance |
R9083 |
T35503 |
T35495 |
punct |
.,dissected |
R9084 |
T35505 |
T35506 |
compound |
Tissue,weights |
R9085 |
T35506 |
T35507 |
nsubjpass |
weights,corrected |
R9086 |
T35508 |
T35507 |
auxpass |
were,corrected |
R9087 |
T35509 |
T35507 |
prep |
for,corrected |
R9088 |
T35510 |
T35511 |
amod |
total,weight |
R9089 |
T35511 |
T35509 |
pobj |
weight,for |
R9090 |
T35512 |
T35511 |
compound |
body,weight |
R9091 |
T35513 |
T35507 |
prep |
before,corrected |
R9092 |
T35514 |
T35513 |
pobj |
comparison,before |
R9093 |
T35515 |
T35507 |
punct |
.,corrected |
R9094 |
T35517 |
T35518 |
compound |
DEXA,studies |
R9095 |
T35518 |
T35519 |
nsubjpass |
studies,performed |
R9096 |
T35520 |
T35519 |
auxpass |
were,performed |
R9097 |
T35521 |
T35522 |
mark |
as,described |
R9098 |
T35522 |
T35519 |
advcl |
described,performed |
R9099 |
T35523 |
T35522 |
advmod |
previously,described |
R9100 |
T35524 |
T35525 |
punct |
[,39 |
R9101 |
T35525 |
T35522 |
parataxis |
39,described |
R9102 |
T35526 |
T35525 |
punct |
],39 |
R9103 |
T35527 |
T35519 |
advcl |
using,performed |
R9104 |
T35528 |
T35529 |
det |
a,system |
R9105 |
T35529 |
T35527 |
dobj |
system,using |
R9106 |
T35530 |
T35529 |
compound |
Lunar,system |
R9107 |
T35531 |
T35529 |
compound |
PIXIMUS,system |
R9108 |
T35532 |
T35529 |
compound |
DEXA,system |
R9109 |
T35533 |
T35527 |
prep |
at,using |
R9110 |
T35534 |
T35535 |
nummod |
10,wk |
R9111 |
T35535 |
T35533 |
pobj |
wk,at |
R9112 |
T35536 |
T35534 |
punct |
", ",10 |
R9113 |
T35537 |
T35534 |
conj |
18,10 |
R9114 |
T35538 |
T35537 |
punct |
", ",18 |
R9115 |
T35539 |
T35537 |
cc |
and,18 |
R9116 |
T35540 |
T35537 |
conj |
24,18 |
R9117 |
T35541 |
T35527 |
prep |
in,using |
R9118 |
T35542 |
T35543 |
amod |
male,mice |
R9119 |
T35543 |
T35541 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R9120 |
T35544 |
T35542 |
cc |
and,male |
R9121 |
T35545 |
T35542 |
conj |
female,male |
R9122 |
T35546 |
T35547 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R9123 |
T35547 |
T35543 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R9124 |
T35548 |
T35547 |
punct |
-,1α |
R9125 |
T35549 |
T35547 |
punct |
+,1α |
R9126 |
T35550 |
T35547 |
punct |
/,1α |
R9127 |
T35551 |
T35547 |
punct |
+,1α |
R9128 |
T35552 |
T35547 |
cc |
and,1α |
R9129 |
T35553 |
T35554 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R9130 |
T35554 |
T35547 |
conj |
1α,1α |
R9131 |
T35555 |
T35554 |
punct |
-,1α |
R9132 |
T35556 |
T35554 |
punct |
−,1α |
R9133 |
T35557 |
T35554 |
punct |
/,1α |
R9134 |
T35558 |
T35554 |
punct |
−,1α |
R9135 |
T35559 |
T35519 |
punct |
.,performed |
R9136 |
T35561 |
T35562 |
prep |
For,housed |
R9137 |
T35563 |
T35564 |
compound |
cold,experiments |
R9138 |
T35564 |
T35561 |
pobj |
experiments,For |
R9139 |
T35565 |
T35564 |
compound |
exposure,experiments |
R9140 |
T35566 |
T35562 |
punct |
", ",housed |
R9141 |
T35567 |
T35568 |
amod |
male,mice |
R9142 |
T35568 |
T35562 |
nsubjpass |
mice,housed |
R9143 |
T35569 |
T35567 |
cc |
and,male |
R9144 |
T35570 |
T35567 |
conj |
female,male |
R9145 |
T35571 |
T35572 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R9146 |
T35572 |
T35568 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R9147 |
T35573 |
T35572 |
punct |
-,1α |
R9148 |
T35574 |
T35572 |
punct |
+,1α |
R9149 |
T35575 |
T35572 |
punct |
/,1α |
R9150 |
T35576 |
T35572 |
punct |
+,1α |
R9151 |
T35577 |
T35572 |
cc |
and,1α |
R9152 |
T35578 |
T35579 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R9153 |
T35579 |
T35572 |
conj |
1α,1α |
R9154 |
T35580 |
T35579 |
punct |
-,1α |
R9155 |
T35581 |
T35579 |
punct |
−,1α |
R9156 |
T35582 |
T35579 |
punct |
/,1α |
R9157 |
T35583 |
T35579 |
punct |
−,1α |
R9158 |
T35584 |
T35562 |
auxpass |
were,housed |
R9159 |
T35585 |
T35562 |
advmod |
singly,housed |
R9160 |
T35586 |
T35562 |
cc |
and,housed |
R9161 |
T35587 |
T35562 |
conj |
placed,housed |
R9162 |
T35588 |
T35587 |
prep |
at,placed |
R9163 |
T35589 |
T35590 |
nummod |
4,°C |
R9164 |
T35590 |
T35588 |
pobj |
°C,at |
R9165 |
T35591 |
T35587 |
prep |
for,placed |
R9166 |
T35592 |
T35593 |
nummod |
5,h |
R9167 |
T35593 |
T35591 |
pobj |
h,for |
R9168 |
T35594 |
T35587 |
prep |
without,placed |
R9169 |
T35595 |
T35594 |
pobj |
food,without |
R9170 |
T35596 |
T35562 |
punct |
.,housed |
R9171 |
T35598 |
T35599 |
compound |
Core,temperatures |
R9172 |
T35599 |
T35601 |
nsubjpass |
temperatures,monitored |
R9173 |
T35600 |
T35599 |
compound |
body,temperatures |
R9174 |
T35602 |
T35601 |
auxpass |
were,monitored |
R9175 |
T35603 |
T35601 |
prep |
by,monitored |
R9176 |
T35604 |
T35605 |
amod |
rectal,probe |
R9177 |
T35605 |
T35603 |
pobj |
probe,by |
R9178 |
T35606 |
T35601 |
prep |
at,monitored |
R9179 |
T35607 |
T35606 |
pobj |
baseline,at |
R9180 |
T35608 |
T35607 |
cc |
and,baseline |
R9181 |
T35609 |
T35610 |
det |
every,hour |
R9182 |
T35610 |
T35607 |
conj |
hour,baseline |
R9183 |
T35611 |
T35610 |
advmod |
thereafter,hour |
R9184 |
T35612 |
T35601 |
punct |
.,monitored |
R9185 |
T35614 |
T35615 |
nsubjpass |
Mice,monitored |
R9186 |
T35616 |
T35615 |
auxpass |
were,monitored |
R9187 |
T35617 |
T35618 |
advmod |
at,least |
R9188 |
T35618 |
T35619 |
advmod |
least,min |
R9189 |
T35619 |
T35615 |
npadvmod |
min,monitored |
R9190 |
T35620 |
T35619 |
det |
every,min |
R9191 |
T35621 |
T35619 |
nummod |
30,min |
R9192 |
T35622 |
T35623 |
aux |
to,check |
R9193 |
T35623 |
T35615 |
advcl |
check,monitored |
R9194 |
T35624 |
T35623 |
prep |
for,check |
R9195 |
T35625 |
T35624 |
pobj |
lethargy,for |
R9196 |
T35626 |
T35615 |
punct |
.,monitored |
R9197 |
T35628 |
T35629 |
prep |
At,sacrificed |
R9198 |
T35630 |
T35631 |
det |
the,end |
R9199 |
T35631 |
T35628 |
pobj |
end,At |
R9200 |
T35632 |
T35631 |
prep |
of,end |
R9201 |
T35633 |
T35634 |
nummod |
5,h |
R9202 |
T35634 |
T35632 |
pobj |
h,of |
R9203 |
T35635 |
T35629 |
punct |
", ",sacrificed |
R9204 |
T35636 |
T35629 |
nsubjpass |
mice,sacrificed |
R9205 |
T35637 |
T35629 |
auxpass |
were,sacrificed |
R9206 |
T35638 |
T35629 |
cc |
and,sacrificed |
R9207 |
T35639 |
T35640 |
nsubj |
tissues,harvested |
R9208 |
T35640 |
T35629 |
conj |
harvested,sacrificed |
R9209 |
T35641 |
T35640 |
prep |
for,harvested |
R9210 |
T35642 |
T35643 |
nmod |
RNA,extraction |
R9211 |
T35643 |
T35641 |
pobj |
extraction,for |
R9212 |
T35644 |
T35642 |
cc |
and,RNA |
R9213 |
T35645 |
T35642 |
conj |
protein,RNA |
R9214 |
T35646 |
T35629 |
punct |
.,sacrificed |
R9215 |
T35648 |
T35649 |
prep |
For,housed |
R9216 |
T35650 |
T35651 |
compound |
fasting,studies |
R9217 |
T35651 |
T35648 |
pobj |
studies,For |
R9218 |
T35652 |
T35649 |
punct |
", ",housed |
R9219 |
T35653 |
T35649 |
nsubjpass |
animals,housed |
R9220 |
T35654 |
T35649 |
auxpass |
were,housed |
R9221 |
T35655 |
T35649 |
advmod |
singly,housed |
R9222 |
T35656 |
T35649 |
cc |
and,housed |
R9223 |
T35657 |
T35649 |
conj |
given,housed |
R9224 |
T35658 |
T35657 |
dobj |
water,given |
R9225 |
T35659 |
T35660 |
advmod |
ad,libitum |
R9226 |
T35660 |
T35657 |
advmod |
libitum,given |
R9227 |
T35661 |
T35649 |
punct |
.,housed |
R9228 |
T35663 |
T35664 |
nsubjpass |
Food,removed |
R9229 |
T35665 |
T35664 |
auxpass |
was,removed |
R9230 |
T35666 |
T35664 |
prep |
from,removed |
R9231 |
T35667 |
T35666 |
pobj |
cages,from |
R9232 |
T35668 |
T35664 |
prep |
in,removed |
R9233 |
T35669 |
T35670 |
det |
the,morning |
R9234 |
T35670 |
T35668 |
pobj |
morning,in |
R9235 |
T35671 |
T35664 |
cc |
and,removed |
R9236 |
T35672 |
T35673 |
nsubj |
tissues,harvested |
R9237 |
T35673 |
T35664 |
conj |
harvested,removed |
R9238 |
T35674 |
T35673 |
prep |
at,harvested |
R9239 |
T35675 |
T35676 |
nummod |
24,h |
R9240 |
T35676 |
T35674 |
pobj |
h,at |
R9241 |
T35677 |
T35673 |
prep |
for,harvested |
R9242 |
T35678 |
T35677 |
pobj |
RNA,for |
R9243 |
T35679 |
T35678 |
cc |
and,RNA |
R9244 |
T35680 |
T35678 |
conj |
histology,RNA |
R9245 |
T35681 |
T35673 |
punct |
.,harvested |
R9246 |
T35683 |
T35684 |
nsubjpass |
Photography,performed |
R9247 |
T35685 |
T35683 |
prep |
of,Photography |
R9248 |
T35686 |
T35687 |
det |
the,mice |
R9249 |
T35687 |
T35685 |
pobj |
mice,of |
R9250 |
T35688 |
T35684 |
auxpass |
was,performed |
R9251 |
T35689 |
T35684 |
agent |
by,performed |
R9252 |
T35690 |
T35689 |
pobj |
MedPic,by |
R9253 |
T35691 |
T35690 |
prep |
at,MedPic |
R9254 |
T35692 |
T35693 |
compound |
Washington,University |
R9255 |
T35693 |
T35694 |
compound |
University,School |
R9256 |
T35694 |
T35691 |
pobj |
School,at |
R9257 |
T35695 |
T35694 |
prep |
of,School |
R9258 |
T35696 |
T35695 |
pobj |
Medicine,of |
R9259 |
T35697 |
T35684 |
punct |
.,performed |
R9260 |
T35699 |
T35700 |
nummod |
48,h |
R9261 |
T35700 |
T35702 |
compound |
h,monitoring |
R9262 |
T35701 |
T35700 |
punct |
-,h |
R9263 |
T35702 |
T35704 |
nsubjpass |
monitoring,performed |
R9264 |
T35703 |
T35702 |
compound |
activity,monitoring |
R9265 |
T35705 |
T35704 |
auxpass |
was,performed |
R9266 |
T35706 |
T35704 |
agent |
by,performed |
R9267 |
T35707 |
T35708 |
compound |
JAX,Services |
R9268 |
T35708 |
T35706 |
pobj |
Services,by |
R9269 |
T35709 |
T35710 |
punct |
(,Laboratory |
R9270 |
T35710 |
T35708 |
parataxis |
Laboratory,Services |
R9271 |
T35711 |
T35710 |
det |
The,Laboratory |
R9272 |
T35712 |
T35710 |
compound |
Jackson,Laboratory |
R9273 |
T35713 |
T35710 |
punct |
", ",Laboratory |
R9274 |
T35714 |
T35715 |
compound |
West,Sacramento |
R9275 |
T35715 |
T35710 |
npadvmod |
Sacramento,Laboratory |
R9276 |
T35716 |
T35710 |
punct |
", ",Laboratory |
R9277 |
T35717 |
T35710 |
npadvmod |
California,Laboratory |
R9278 |
T35718 |
T35710 |
punct |
", ",Laboratory |
R9279 |
T35719 |
T35720 |
compound |
United,States |
R9280 |
T35720 |
T35710 |
npadvmod |
States,Laboratory |
R9281 |
T35721 |
T35710 |
punct |
),Laboratory |
R9282 |
T35722 |
T35704 |
advcl |
using,performed |
R9283 |
T35723 |
T35724 |
det |
a,System |
R9284 |
T35724 |
T35722 |
dobj |
System,using |
R9285 |
T35725 |
T35724 |
compound |
Comprehensive,System |
R9286 |
T35726 |
T35727 |
compound |
Laboratory,Animal |
R9287 |
T35727 |
T35724 |
compound |
Animal,System |
R9288 |
T35728 |
T35724 |
compound |
Monitoring,System |
R9289 |
T35729 |
T35730 |
punct |
(,CLAMS |
R9290 |
T35730 |
T35724 |
parataxis |
CLAMS,System |
R9291 |
T35731 |
T35730 |
punct |
", ",CLAMS |
R9292 |
T35732 |
T35733 |
compound |
Columbus,Instruments |
R9293 |
T35733 |
T35730 |
npadvmod |
Instruments,CLAMS |
R9294 |
T35734 |
T35730 |
punct |
", ",CLAMS |
R9295 |
T35735 |
T35730 |
npadvmod |
Columbus,CLAMS |
R9296 |
T35736 |
T35730 |
punct |
", ",CLAMS |
R9297 |
T35737 |
T35730 |
npadvmod |
Ohio,CLAMS |
R9298 |
T35738 |
T35730 |
punct |
", ",CLAMS |
R9299 |
T35739 |
T35740 |
compound |
United,States |
R9300 |
T35740 |
T35730 |
npadvmod |
States,CLAMS |
R9301 |
T35741 |
T35730 |
punct |
),CLAMS |
R9302 |
T35742 |
T35704 |
punct |
.,performed |
R9303 |
T35744 |
T35745 |
advmod |
Briefly,acclimated |
R9304 |
T35746 |
T35745 |
punct |
", ",acclimated |
R9305 |
T35747 |
T35748 |
nummod |
3,mo |
R9306 |
T35748 |
T35750 |
npadvmod |
mo,old |
R9307 |
T35749 |
T35748 |
punct |
-,mo |
R9308 |
T35750 |
T35752 |
amod |
old,mice |
R9309 |
T35751 |
T35750 |
punct |
-,old |
R9310 |
T35752 |
T35745 |
nsubjpass |
mice,acclimated |
R9311 |
T35753 |
T35752 |
amod |
female,mice |
R9312 |
T35754 |
T35745 |
auxpass |
were,acclimated |
R9313 |
T35755 |
T35745 |
prep |
for,acclimated |
R9314 |
T35756 |
T35757 |
nummod |
17,h |
R9315 |
T35757 |
T35755 |
pobj |
h,for |
R9316 |
T35758 |
T35745 |
prep |
before,acclimated |
R9317 |
T35759 |
T35760 |
compound |
data,collection |
R9318 |
T35760 |
T35758 |
pobj |
collection,before |
R9319 |
T35761 |
T35745 |
punct |
.,acclimated |
R9320 |
T35763 |
T35764 |
nsubjpass |
Data,collected |
R9321 |
T35765 |
T35764 |
auxpass |
were,collected |
R9322 |
T35766 |
T35767 |
det |
every,min |
R9323 |
T35767 |
T35764 |
npadvmod |
min,collected |
R9324 |
T35768 |
T35767 |
nummod |
30,min |
R9325 |
T35769 |
T35764 |
punct |
.,collected |
R9326 |
T35771 |
T35772 |
amod |
Total,breaks |
R9327 |
T35772 |
T35774 |
nsubjpass |
breaks,tabulated |
R9328 |
T35773 |
T35772 |
compound |
beam,breaks |
R9329 |
T35775 |
T35772 |
prep |
in,breaks |
R9330 |
T35776 |
T35777 |
det |
the,direction |
R9331 |
T35777 |
T35775 |
pobj |
direction,in |
R9332 |
T35778 |
T35777 |
compound |
XY,direction |
R9333 |
T35779 |
T35774 |
auxpass |
were,tabulated |
R9334 |
T35780 |
T35774 |
prep |
for,tabulated |
R9335 |
T35781 |
T35782 |
det |
the,cycles |
R9336 |
T35782 |
T35780 |
pobj |
cycles,for |
R9337 |
T35783 |
T35784 |
nummod |
12,h |
R9338 |
T35784 |
T35782 |
nmod |
h,cycles |
R9339 |
T35785 |
T35784 |
punct |
-,h |
R9340 |
T35786 |
T35782 |
nmod |
light,cycles |
R9341 |
T35787 |
T35786 |
cc |
and,light |
R9342 |
T35788 |
T35786 |
conj |
dark,light |
R9343 |
T35789 |
T35774 |
cc |
and,tabulated |
R9344 |
T35790 |
T35774 |
conj |
compared,tabulated |
R9345 |
T35791 |
T35790 |
prep |
across,compared |
R9346 |
T35792 |
T35791 |
pobj |
genotypes,across |
R9347 |
T35793 |
T35774 |
punct |
.,tabulated |
R9348 |
T36774 |
T36775 |
nmod |
RNA,analyses |
R9349 |
T36776 |
T36774 |
punct |
", ",RNA |
R9350 |
T36777 |
T36774 |
conj |
DNA,RNA |
R9351 |
T36778 |
T36777 |
punct |
", ",DNA |
R9352 |
T36779 |
T36777 |
cc |
and,DNA |
R9353 |
T36780 |
T36777 |
conj |
protein,DNA |
R9354 |
T36782 |
T36783 |
amod |
Total,RNA |
R9355 |
T36783 |
T36784 |
nsubjpass |
RNA,isolated |
R9356 |
T36785 |
T36784 |
auxpass |
was,isolated |
R9357 |
T36786 |
T36784 |
prep |
by,isolated |
R9358 |
T36787 |
T36788 |
det |
the,method |
R9359 |
T36788 |
T36786 |
pobj |
method,by |
R9360 |
T36789 |
T36788 |
compound |
RNAzol,method |
R9361 |
T36790 |
T36791 |
punct |
(,Test |
R9362 |
T36791 |
T36788 |
parataxis |
Test,method |
R9363 |
T36792 |
T36791 |
compound |
Tel,Test |
R9364 |
T36793 |
T36791 |
punct |
-,Test |
R9365 |
T36794 |
T36791 |
punct |
", ",Test |
R9366 |
T36795 |
T36791 |
npadvmod |
Friendswood,Test |
R9367 |
T36796 |
T36791 |
punct |
", ",Test |
R9368 |
T36797 |
T36791 |
npadvmod |
Texas,Test |
R9369 |
T36798 |
T36791 |
punct |
),Test |
R9370 |
T36799 |
T36784 |
cc |
and,isolated |
R9371 |
T36800 |
T36801 |
compound |
Northern,blotting |
R9372 |
T36801 |
T36802 |
nsubjpass |
blotting,performed |
R9373 |
T36802 |
T36784 |
conj |
performed,isolated |
R9374 |
T36803 |
T36802 |
auxpass |
was,performed |
R9375 |
T36804 |
T36805 |
mark |
as,described |
R9376 |
T36805 |
T36802 |
advcl |
described,performed |
R9377 |
T36806 |
T36805 |
advmod |
previously,described |
R9378 |
T36807 |
T36808 |
punct |
[,40 |
R9379 |
T36808 |
T36805 |
parataxis |
40,described |
R9380 |
T36809 |
T36808 |
punct |
],40 |
R9381 |
T36810 |
T36802 |
punct |
.,performed |
R9382 |
T36812 |
T36813 |
det |
The,cDNAs |
R9383 |
T36813 |
T36819 |
nsubj |
cDNAs,were |
R9384 |
T36814 |
T36815 |
nmod |
PGC,1β |
R9385 |
T36815 |
T36813 |
nmod |
1β,cDNAs |
R9386 |
T36816 |
T36815 |
punct |
-,1β |
R9387 |
T36817 |
T36815 |
cc |
and,1β |
R9388 |
T36818 |
T36815 |
conj |
PRC,1β |
R9389 |
T36820 |
T36821 |
amod |
generous,gifts |
R9390 |
T36821 |
T36819 |
attr |
gifts,were |
R9391 |
T36822 |
T36821 |
prep |
from,gifts |
R9392 |
T36823 |
T36824 |
compound |
Bruce,Spiegelman |
R9393 |
T36824 |
T36822 |
pobj |
Spiegelman,from |
R9394 |
T36825 |
T36824 |
cc |
and,Spiegelman |
R9395 |
T36826 |
T36827 |
compound |
Richard,Scarpulla |
R9396 |
T36827 |
T36824 |
conj |
Scarpulla,Spiegelman |
R9397 |
T36828 |
T36819 |
punct |
", ",were |
R9398 |
T36829 |
T36819 |
advmod |
respectively,were |
R9399 |
T36830 |
T36819 |
punct |
.,were |
R9400 |
T36832 |
T36833 |
det |
The,cDNA |
R9401 |
T36833 |
T36837 |
nsubj |
cDNA,was |
R9402 |
T36834 |
T36833 |
nmod |
UCP,cDNA |
R9403 |
T36835 |
T36834 |
punct |
-,UCP |
R9404 |
T36836 |
T36834 |
nummod |
1,UCP |
R9405 |
T36838 |
T36839 |
det |
a,gift |
R9406 |
T36839 |
T36837 |
attr |
gift,was |
R9407 |
T36840 |
T36839 |
prep |
from,gift |
R9408 |
T36841 |
T36842 |
compound |
Daniel,Ricquier |
R9409 |
T36842 |
T36840 |
pobj |
Ricquier,from |
R9410 |
T36843 |
T36837 |
punct |
.,was |
R9411 |
T36845 |
T36846 |
compound |
RT,PCR |
R9412 |
T36846 |
T36848 |
nsubjpass |
PCR,performed |
R9413 |
T36847 |
T36846 |
punct |
-,PCR |
R9414 |
T36849 |
T36848 |
auxpass |
was,performed |
R9415 |
T36850 |
T36851 |
mark |
as,described |
R9416 |
T36851 |
T36848 |
advcl |
described,performed |
R9417 |
T36852 |
T36853 |
punct |
[,41 |
R9418 |
T36853 |
T36851 |
parataxis |
41,described |
R9419 |
T36854 |
T36853 |
punct |
],41 |
R9420 |
T36855 |
T36848 |
punct |
.,performed |
R9421 |
T36857 |
T36858 |
prep |
In,transcribed |
R9422 |
T36859 |
T36857 |
amod |
brief,In |
R9423 |
T36860 |
T36858 |
punct |
", ",transcribed |
R9424 |
T36861 |
T36862 |
amod |
total,RNA |
R9425 |
T36862 |
T36858 |
nsubjpass |
RNA,transcribed |
R9426 |
T36863 |
T36862 |
acl |
isolated,RNA |
R9427 |
T36864 |
T36863 |
prep |
from,isolated |
R9428 |
T36865 |
T36866 |
compound |
soleus,muscle |
R9429 |
T36866 |
T36864 |
pobj |
muscle,from |
R9430 |
T36867 |
T36866 |
punct |
", ",muscle |
R9431 |
T36868 |
T36866 |
conj |
BAT,muscle |
R9432 |
T36869 |
T36868 |
punct |
", ",BAT |
R9433 |
T36870 |
T36868 |
cc |
and,BAT |
R9434 |
T36871 |
T36868 |
conj |
heart,BAT |
R9435 |
T36872 |
T36866 |
prep |
of,muscle |
R9436 |
T36873 |
T36874 |
quantmod |
1,2 |
R9437 |
T36874 |
T36876 |
nummod |
2,mo |
R9438 |
T36875 |
T36874 |
punct |
–,2 |
R9439 |
T36876 |
T36878 |
npadvmod |
mo,old |
R9440 |
T36877 |
T36876 |
punct |
-,mo |
R9441 |
T36878 |
T36880 |
amod |
old,mice |
R9442 |
T36879 |
T36878 |
punct |
-,old |
R9443 |
T36880 |
T36872 |
pobj |
mice,of |
R9444 |
T36881 |
T36882 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R9445 |
T36882 |
T36880 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R9446 |
T36883 |
T36882 |
punct |
-,1α |
R9447 |
T36884 |
T36882 |
punct |
+,1α |
R9448 |
T36885 |
T36882 |
punct |
/,1α |
R9449 |
T36886 |
T36882 |
punct |
+,1α |
R9450 |
T36887 |
T36882 |
cc |
or,1α |
R9451 |
T36888 |
T36882 |
conj |
PGCα,1α |
R9452 |
T36889 |
T36888 |
punct |
−,PGCα |
R9453 |
T36890 |
T36888 |
punct |
/,PGCα |
R9454 |
T36891 |
T36888 |
punct |
−,PGCα |
R9455 |
T36892 |
T36858 |
auxpass |
was,transcribed |
R9456 |
T36893 |
T36858 |
advmod |
reverse,transcribed |
R9457 |
T36894 |
T36858 |
prep |
with,transcribed |
R9458 |
T36895 |
T36896 |
nmod |
Taqman,reagents |
R9459 |
T36896 |
T36894 |
pobj |
reagents,with |
R9460 |
T36897 |
T36898 |
amod |
reverse,transcription |
R9461 |
T36898 |
T36896 |
compound |
transcription,reagents |
R9462 |
T36899 |
T36900 |
punct |
(,Biosystems |
R9463 |
T36900 |
T36896 |
parataxis |
Biosystems,reagents |
R9464 |
T36901 |
T36900 |
compound |
Applied,Biosystems |
R9465 |
T36902 |
T36900 |
punct |
", ",Biosystems |
R9466 |
T36903 |
T36904 |
compound |
Foster,City |
R9467 |
T36904 |
T36900 |
npadvmod |
City,Biosystems |
R9468 |
T36905 |
T36900 |
punct |
", ",Biosystems |
R9469 |
T36906 |
T36900 |
npadvmod |
California,Biosystems |
R9470 |
T36907 |
T36900 |
punct |
", ",Biosystems |
R9471 |
T36908 |
T36909 |
compound |
United,States |
R9472 |
T36909 |
T36900 |
npadvmod |
States,Biosystems |
R9473 |
T36910 |
T36900 |
punct |
),Biosystems |
R9474 |
T36911 |
T36858 |
punct |
.,transcribed |
R9475 |
T36913 |
T36914 |
nsubjpass |
Reactions,performed |
R9476 |
T36915 |
T36914 |
auxpass |
were,performed |
R9477 |
T36916 |
T36914 |
prep |
in,performed |
R9478 |
T36917 |
T36916 |
pobj |
triplicate,in |
R9479 |
T36918 |
T36914 |
prep |
in,performed |
R9480 |
T36919 |
T36920 |
nummod |
96,well |
R9481 |
T36920 |
T36922 |
compound |
well,format |
R9482 |
T36921 |
T36920 |
punct |
-,well |
R9483 |
T36922 |
T36918 |
pobj |
format,in |
R9484 |
T36923 |
T36914 |
advcl |
using,performed |
R9485 |
T36924 |
T36925 |
compound |
Taqman,reagents |
R9486 |
T36925 |
T36923 |
dobj |
reagents,using |
R9487 |
T36926 |
T36925 |
compound |
core,reagents |
R9488 |
T36927 |
T36925 |
cc |
and,reagents |
R9489 |
T36928 |
T36929 |
det |
a,Detector |
R9490 |
T36929 |
T36925 |
conj |
Detector,reagents |
R9491 |
T36930 |
T36929 |
nmod |
Prism,Detector |
R9492 |
T36931 |
T36930 |
nummod |
7500,Prism |
R9493 |
T36932 |
T36929 |
compound |
Sequence,Detector |
R9494 |
T36933 |
T36934 |
punct |
(,Biosystems |
R9495 |
T36934 |
T36929 |
parataxis |
Biosystems,Detector |
R9496 |
T36935 |
T36934 |
compound |
Applied,Biosystems |
R9497 |
T36936 |
T36934 |
punct |
),Biosystems |
R9498 |
T36937 |
T36914 |
punct |
.,performed |
R9499 |
T36939 |
T36940 |
det |
The,sets |
R9500 |
T36940 |
T36947 |
nsubjpass |
sets,found |
R9501 |
T36941 |
T36942 |
npadvmod |
mouse,specific |
R9502 |
T36942 |
T36940 |
amod |
specific,sets |
R9503 |
T36943 |
T36942 |
punct |
-,specific |
R9504 |
T36944 |
T36945 |
compound |
primer,probe |
R9505 |
T36945 |
T36940 |
compound |
probe,sets |
R9506 |
T36946 |
T36945 |
punct |
-,probe |
R9507 |
T36948 |
T36940 |
acl |
used,sets |
R9508 |
T36949 |
T36950 |
aux |
to,detect |
R9509 |
T36950 |
T36948 |
advcl |
detect,used |
R9510 |
T36951 |
T36952 |
amod |
specific,expression |
R9511 |
T36952 |
T36950 |
dobj |
expression,detect |
R9512 |
T36953 |
T36952 |
compound |
gene,expression |
R9513 |
T36954 |
T36947 |
aux |
can,found |
R9514 |
T36955 |
T36947 |
auxpass |
be,found |
R9515 |
T36956 |
T36947 |
prep |
in,found |
R9516 |
T36957 |
T36958 |
compound |
Table,S1 |
R9517 |
T36958 |
T36956 |
pobj |
S1,in |
R9518 |
T36959 |
T36947 |
punct |
.,found |
R9519 |
T36961 |
T36962 |
det |
The,primers |
R9520 |
T36962 |
T36963 |
nsubjpass |
primers,described |
R9521 |
T36964 |
T36962 |
prep |
for,primers |
R9522 |
T36965 |
T36964 |
pobj |
UCP,for |
R9523 |
T36966 |
T36965 |
punct |
-,UCP |
R9524 |
T36967 |
T36965 |
nummod |
1,UCP |
R9525 |
T36968 |
T36963 |
aux |
have,described |
R9526 |
T36969 |
T36963 |
auxpass |
been,described |
R9527 |
T36970 |
T36963 |
advmod |
previously,described |
R9528 |
T36971 |
T36972 |
punct |
[,42 |
R9529 |
T36972 |
T36963 |
parataxis |
42,described |
R9530 |
T36973 |
T36972 |
punct |
],42 |
R9531 |
T36974 |
T36963 |
punct |
.,described |
R9532 |
T36976 |
T36977 |
compound |
Actin,set |
R9533 |
T36977 |
T36981 |
nsubjpass |
set,included |
R9534 |
T36978 |
T36979 |
compound |
primer,probe |
R9535 |
T36979 |
T36977 |
compound |
probe,set |
R9536 |
T36980 |
T36979 |
punct |
-,probe |
R9537 |
T36982 |
T36983 |
punct |
(,Biosystems |
R9538 |
T36983 |
T36977 |
parataxis |
Biosystems,set |
R9539 |
T36984 |
T36983 |
compound |
Applied,Biosystems |
R9540 |
T36985 |
T36983 |
punct |
),Biosystems |
R9541 |
T36986 |
T36981 |
auxpass |
was,included |
R9542 |
T36987 |
T36981 |
prep |
in,included |
R9543 |
T36988 |
T36989 |
det |
a,well |
R9544 |
T36989 |
T36987 |
pobj |
well,in |
R9545 |
T36990 |
T36989 |
amod |
separate,well |
R9546 |
T36991 |
T36981 |
cc |
and,included |
R9547 |
T36992 |
T36981 |
conj |
used,included |
R9548 |
T36993 |
T36994 |
aux |
to,normalize |
R9549 |
T36994 |
T36992 |
advcl |
normalize,used |
R9550 |
T36995 |
T36996 |
det |
the,data |
R9551 |
T36996 |
T36994 |
dobj |
data,normalize |
R9552 |
T36997 |
T36996 |
nmod |
soleus,data |
R9553 |
T36998 |
T36997 |
punct |
", ",soleus |
R9554 |
T36999 |
T36997 |
conj |
BAT,soleus |
R9555 |
T37000 |
T36999 |
punct |
", ",BAT |
R9556 |
T37001 |
T36999 |
cc |
and,BAT |
R9557 |
T37002 |
T37003 |
compound |
heart,gene |
R9558 |
T37003 |
T36999 |
conj |
gene,BAT |
R9559 |
T37004 |
T36996 |
compound |
expression,data |
R9560 |
T37005 |
T36981 |
punct |
.,included |
R9561 |
T37007 |
T37008 |
compound |
GAPDH,primers |
R9562 |
T37008 |
T37010 |
nsubjpass |
primers,used |
R9563 |
T37009 |
T37008 |
compound |
Rodent,primers |
R9564 |
T37011 |
T37012 |
punct |
(,Biosystems |
R9565 |
T37012 |
T37008 |
parataxis |
Biosystems,primers |
R9566 |
T37013 |
T37012 |
compound |
Applied,Biosystems |
R9567 |
T37014 |
T37012 |
punct |
),Biosystems |
R9568 |
T37015 |
T37010 |
auxpass |
were,used |
R9569 |
T37016 |
T37010 |
prep |
in,used |
R9570 |
T37017 |
T37018 |
det |
the,well |
R9571 |
T37018 |
T37016 |
pobj |
well,in |
R9572 |
T37019 |
T37018 |
amod |
same,well |
R9573 |
T37020 |
T37021 |
aux |
to,normalize |
R9574 |
T37021 |
T37010 |
advcl |
normalize,used |
R9575 |
T37022 |
T37023 |
det |
the,data |
R9576 |
T37023 |
T37021 |
dobj |
data,normalize |
R9577 |
T37024 |
T37025 |
compound |
liver,gene |
R9578 |
T37025 |
T37023 |
compound |
gene,data |
R9579 |
T37026 |
T37023 |
compound |
expression,data |
R9580 |
T37027 |
T37010 |
punct |
.,used |
R9581 |
T37029 |
T37030 |
prep |
For,digested |
R9582 |
T37031 |
T37032 |
compound |
Southern,blot |
R9583 |
T37032 |
T37033 |
compound |
blot,studies |
R9584 |
T37033 |
T37029 |
pobj |
studies,For |
R9585 |
T37034 |
T37030 |
punct |
", ",digested |
R9586 |
T37035 |
T37036 |
nummod |
5,μg |
R9587 |
T37036 |
T37030 |
nsubjpass |
μg,digested |
R9588 |
T37037 |
T37036 |
prep |
of,μg |
R9589 |
T37038 |
T37039 |
amod |
genomic,DNA |
R9590 |
T37039 |
T37037 |
pobj |
DNA,of |
R9591 |
T37040 |
T37030 |
auxpass |
was,digested |
R9592 |
T37041 |
T37030 |
prep |
with,digested |
R9593 |
T37042 |
T37041 |
pobj |
Pst1,with |
R9594 |
T37043 |
T37042 |
cc |
or,Pst1 |
R9595 |
T37044 |
T37042 |
conj |
Xba1,Pst1 |
R9596 |
T37045 |
T37030 |
punct |
", ",digested |
R9597 |
T37046 |
T37030 |
conj |
electrophoresed,digested |
R9598 |
T37047 |
T37046 |
prep |
on,electrophoresed |
R9599 |
T37048 |
T37049 |
det |
a,gel |
R9600 |
T37049 |
T37047 |
pobj |
gel,on |
R9601 |
T37050 |
T37051 |
nummod |
0.8,% |
R9602 |
T37051 |
T37052 |
compound |
%,TAE |
R9603 |
T37052 |
T37049 |
compound |
TAE,gel |
R9604 |
T37053 |
T37046 |
cc |
and,electrophoresed |
R9605 |
T37054 |
T37046 |
conj |
transferred,electrophoresed |
R9606 |
T37055 |
T37054 |
prep |
to,transferred |
R9607 |
T37056 |
T37057 |
det |
a,membrane |
R9608 |
T37057 |
T37055 |
pobj |
membrane,to |
R9609 |
T37058 |
T37059 |
nmod |
Gene,Screen |
R9610 |
T37059 |
T37057 |
nmod |
Screen,membrane |
R9611 |
T37060 |
T37061 |
punct |
(,Elmer |
R9612 |
T37061 |
T37059 |
parataxis |
Elmer,Screen |
R9613 |
T37062 |
T37061 |
compound |
Perkin,Elmer |
R9614 |
T37063 |
T37061 |
punct |
", ",Elmer |
R9615 |
T37064 |
T37061 |
npadvmod |
Wellesley,Elmer |
R9616 |
T37065 |
T37061 |
punct |
", ",Elmer |
R9617 |
T37066 |
T37061 |
npadvmod |
California,Elmer |
R9618 |
T37067 |
T37061 |
punct |
", ",Elmer |
R9619 |
T37068 |
T37069 |
compound |
United,States |
R9620 |
T37069 |
T37061 |
npadvmod |
States,Elmer |
R9621 |
T37070 |
T37061 |
punct |
),Elmer |
R9622 |
T37071 |
T37054 |
prep |
for,transferred |
R9623 |
T37072 |
T37071 |
pobj |
hybridization,for |
R9624 |
T37073 |
T37030 |
punct |
.,digested |
R9625 |
T37075 |
T37076 |
compound |
Western,blotting |
R9626 |
T37076 |
T37077 |
nsubjpass |
blotting,performed |
R9627 |
T37078 |
T37077 |
auxpass |
was,performed |
R9628 |
T37079 |
T37080 |
mark |
as,described |
R9629 |
T37080 |
T37077 |
advcl |
described,performed |
R9630 |
T37081 |
T37082 |
punct |
[,43 |
R9631 |
T37082 |
T37080 |
parataxis |
43,described |
R9632 |
T37083 |
T37082 |
punct |
],43 |
R9633 |
T37084 |
T37077 |
advcl |
using,performed |
R9634 |
T37085 |
T37086 |
det |
the,system |
R9635 |
T37086 |
T37084 |
dobj |
system,using |
R9636 |
T37087 |
T37088 |
amod |
Enhanced,Chemiluminescence |
R9637 |
T37088 |
T37086 |
compound |
Chemiluminescence,system |
R9638 |
T37089 |
T37086 |
compound |
detection,system |
R9639 |
T37090 |
T37091 |
punct |
(,Biotech |
R9640 |
T37091 |
T37086 |
parataxis |
Biotech,system |
R9641 |
T37092 |
T37091 |
compound |
Amersham,Biotech |
R9642 |
T37093 |
T37091 |
compound |
Pharmacia,Biotech |
R9643 |
T37094 |
T37091 |
punct |
", ",Biotech |
R9644 |
T37095 |
T37091 |
npadvmod |
Piscataway,Biotech |
R9645 |
T37096 |
T37091 |
punct |
", ",Biotech |
R9646 |
T37097 |
T37098 |
compound |
New,Jersey |
R9647 |
T37098 |
T37091 |
npadvmod |
Jersey,Biotech |
R9648 |
T37099 |
T37091 |
punct |
", ",Biotech |
R9649 |
T37100 |
T37101 |
compound |
United,States |
R9650 |
T37101 |
T37091 |
npadvmod |
States,Biotech |
R9651 |
T37102 |
T37091 |
punct |
),Biotech |
R9652 |
T37103 |
T37077 |
punct |
.,performed |
R9653 |
T37105 |
T37106 |
nmod |
Ponceau,S |
R9654 |
T37106 |
T37107 |
nmod |
S,staining |
R9655 |
T37107 |
T37119 |
nsubjpass |
staining,used |
R9656 |
T37108 |
T37109 |
punct |
(,Sigma |
R9657 |
T37109 |
T37106 |
parataxis |
Sigma,S |
R9658 |
T37110 |
T37109 |
punct |
", ",Sigma |
R9659 |
T37111 |
T37112 |
compound |
St.,Louis |
R9660 |
T37112 |
T37109 |
npadvmod |
Louis,Sigma |
R9661 |
T37113 |
T37109 |
punct |
", ",Sigma |
R9662 |
T37114 |
T37109 |
npadvmod |
Missouri,Sigma |
R9663 |
T37115 |
T37109 |
punct |
", ",Sigma |
R9664 |
T37116 |
T37117 |
compound |
United,States |
R9665 |
T37117 |
T37109 |
npadvmod |
States,Sigma |
R9666 |
T37118 |
T37109 |
punct |
),Sigma |
R9667 |
T37120 |
T37107 |
prep |
of,staining |
R9668 |
T37121 |
T37122 |
det |
the,membrane |
R9669 |
T37122 |
T37120 |
pobj |
membrane,of |
R9670 |
T37123 |
T37119 |
auxpass |
was,used |
R9671 |
T37124 |
T37119 |
prep |
as,used |
R9672 |
T37125 |
T37126 |
det |
a,control |
R9673 |
T37126 |
T37124 |
pobj |
control,as |
R9674 |
T37127 |
T37119 |
punct |
.,used |
R9675 |
T38198 |
T38199 |
amod |
Mitochondrial,respiration |
R9676 |
T38199 |
T38200 |
compound |
respiration,studies |
R9677 |
T38202 |
T38203 |
amod |
Mitochondrial,respiration |
R9678 |
T38203 |
T38204 |
nsubjpass |
respiration,assessed |
R9679 |
T38205 |
T38204 |
auxpass |
was,assessed |
R9680 |
T38206 |
T38204 |
prep |
in,assessed |
R9681 |
T38207 |
T38208 |
npadvmod |
saponin,skinned |
R9682 |
T38208 |
T38210 |
amod |
skinned,fibers |
R9683 |
T38209 |
T38208 |
punct |
-,skinned |
R9684 |
T38210 |
T38206 |
pobj |
fibers,in |
R9685 |
T38211 |
T38210 |
compound |
soleus,fibers |
R9686 |
T38212 |
T38204 |
prep |
with,assessed |
R9687 |
T38213 |
T38212 |
pobj |
succinate,with |
R9688 |
T38214 |
T38213 |
prep |
as,succinate |
R9689 |
T38215 |
T38214 |
pobj |
substrate,as |
R9690 |
T38216 |
T38212 |
cc |
and,with |
R9691 |
T38217 |
T38212 |
conj |
in,with |
R9692 |
T38218 |
T38219 |
det |
the,presence |
R9693 |
T38219 |
T38217 |
pobj |
presence,in |
R9694 |
T38220 |
T38219 |
prep |
of,presence |
R9695 |
T38221 |
T38220 |
pobj |
rotenone,of |
R9696 |
T38222 |
T38223 |
mark |
as,described |
R9697 |
T38223 |
T38204 |
advcl |
described,assessed |
R9698 |
T38224 |
T38223 |
advmod |
previously,described |
R9699 |
T38225 |
T38226 |
punct |
[,44 |
R9700 |
T38226 |
T38223 |
parataxis |
44,described |
R9701 |
T38227 |
T38226 |
punct |
],44 |
R9702 |
T38228 |
T38204 |
punct |
.,assessed |
R9703 |
T38230 |
T38231 |
prep |
In,anesthetized |
R9704 |
T38232 |
T38230 |
amod |
brief,In |
R9705 |
T38233 |
T38231 |
punct |
", ",anesthetized |
R9706 |
T38234 |
T38235 |
nummod |
3,mo |
R9707 |
T38235 |
T38237 |
npadvmod |
mo,old |
R9708 |
T38236 |
T38235 |
punct |
-,mo |
R9709 |
T38237 |
T38239 |
amod |
old,mice |
R9710 |
T38238 |
T38237 |
punct |
-,old |
R9711 |
T38239 |
T38231 |
nsubjpass |
mice,anesthetized |
R9712 |
T38240 |
T38239 |
amod |
female,mice |
R9713 |
T38241 |
T38231 |
auxpass |
were,anesthetized |
R9714 |
T38242 |
T38231 |
prep |
with,anesthetized |
R9715 |
T38243 |
T38244 |
amod |
chloral,hydrate |
R9716 |
T38244 |
T38242 |
pobj |
hydrate,with |
R9717 |
T38245 |
T38246 |
punct |
(,mg |
R9718 |
T38246 |
T38244 |
parataxis |
mg,hydrate |
R9719 |
T38247 |
T38246 |
nummod |
400,mg |
R9720 |
T38248 |
T38249 |
punct |
/,kg |
R9721 |
T38249 |
T38246 |
prep |
kg,mg |
R9722 |
T38250 |
T38249 |
prep |
of,kg |
R9723 |
T38251 |
T38252 |
compound |
body,weight |
R9724 |
T38252 |
T38250 |
pobj |
weight,of |
R9725 |
T38253 |
T38246 |
punct |
),mg |
R9726 |
T38254 |
T38231 |
punct |
.,anesthetized |
R9727 |
T38256 |
T38257 |
compound |
Soleus,fibers |
R9728 |
T38257 |
T38258 |
nsubjpass |
fibers,separated |
R9729 |
T38259 |
T38258 |
auxpass |
were,separated |
R9730 |
T38260 |
T38258 |
cc |
and,separated |
R9731 |
T38261 |
T38262 |
advmod |
then,transferred |
R9732 |
T38262 |
T38258 |
conj |
transferred,separated |
R9733 |
T38263 |
T38262 |
prep |
to,transferred |
R9734 |
T38264 |
T38265 |
det |
a,buffer |
R9735 |
T38265 |
T38263 |
pobj |
buffer,to |
R9736 |
T38266 |
T38265 |
punct |
(,buffer |
R9737 |
T38267 |
T38268 |
nummod |
2.77,mM |
R9738 |
T38268 |
T38269 |
compound |
mM,EGTA |
R9739 |
T38269 |
T38265 |
appos |
EGTA,buffer |
R9740 |
T38270 |
T38269 |
compound |
K2Ca,EGTA |
R9741 |
T38271 |
T38269 |
punct |
-,EGTA |
R9742 |
T38272 |
T38269 |
punct |
", ",EGTA |
R9743 |
T38273 |
T38274 |
nummod |
7.23,mM |
R9744 |
T38274 |
T38275 |
compound |
mM,K2EGTA |
R9745 |
T38275 |
T38269 |
appos |
K2EGTA,EGTA |
R9746 |
T38276 |
T38269 |
punct |
", ",EGTA |
R9747 |
T38277 |
T38278 |
nummod |
6.56,mM |
R9748 |
T38278 |
T38279 |
compound |
mM,MgCl2 |
R9749 |
T38279 |
T38269 |
appos |
MgCl2,EGTA |
R9750 |
T38280 |
T38269 |
punct |
", ",EGTA |
R9751 |
T38281 |
T38282 |
nummod |
20,mM |
R9752 |
T38282 |
T38283 |
compound |
mM,imidazole |
R9753 |
T38283 |
T38269 |
appos |
imidazole,EGTA |
R9754 |
T38284 |
T38269 |
punct |
", ",EGTA |
R9755 |
T38285 |
T38286 |
nummod |
53.3,mM |
R9756 |
T38286 |
T38287 |
compound |
mM,MES |
R9757 |
T38287 |
T38269 |
appos |
MES,EGTA |
R9758 |
T38288 |
T38287 |
compound |
K,MES |
R9759 |
T38289 |
T38287 |
punct |
-,MES |
R9760 |
T38290 |
T38269 |
punct |
", ",EGTA |
R9761 |
T38291 |
T38292 |
nummod |
20,mM |
R9762 |
T38292 |
T38293 |
compound |
mM,taurine |
R9763 |
T38293 |
T38269 |
appos |
taurine,EGTA |
R9764 |
T38294 |
T38269 |
punct |
", ",EGTA |
R9765 |
T38295 |
T38296 |
nummod |
5.3,mM |
R9766 |
T38296 |
T38297 |
compound |
mM,ATP |
R9767 |
T38297 |
T38269 |
appos |
ATP,EGTA |
R9768 |
T38298 |
T38269 |
punct |
", ",EGTA |
R9769 |
T38299 |
T38300 |
nummod |
15,mM |
R9770 |
T38300 |
T38301 |
compound |
mM,PCr |
R9771 |
T38301 |
T38269 |
appos |
PCr,EGTA |
R9772 |
T38302 |
T38269 |
punct |
", ",EGTA |
R9773 |
T38303 |
T38304 |
nummod |
3,mM |
R9774 |
T38304 |
T38305 |
compound |
mM,KH2PO4 |
R9775 |
T38305 |
T38269 |
appos |
KH2PO4,EGTA |
R9776 |
T38306 |
T38269 |
punct |
", ",EGTA |
R9777 |
T38307 |
T38308 |
nummod |
0.5,mM |
R9778 |
T38308 |
T38309 |
compound |
mM,DTT |
R9779 |
T38309 |
T38269 |
appos |
DTT,EGTA |
R9780 |
T38310 |
T38311 |
punct |
[,pH |
R9781 |
T38311 |
T38269 |
parataxis |
pH,EGTA |
R9782 |
T38312 |
T38311 |
nummod |
7.1,pH |
R9783 |
T38313 |
T38311 |
punct |
],pH |
R9784 |
T38314 |
T38265 |
punct |
),buffer |
R9785 |
T38315 |
T38265 |
acl |
supplemented,buffer |
R9786 |
T38316 |
T38315 |
prep |
with,supplemented |
R9787 |
T38317 |
T38318 |
nummod |
50,μg |
R9788 |
T38318 |
T38316 |
pobj |
μg,with |
R9789 |
T38319 |
T38320 |
punct |
/,saponin |
R9790 |
T38320 |
T38318 |
prep |
saponin,μg |
R9791 |
T38321 |
T38320 |
compound |
ml,saponin |
R9792 |
T38322 |
T38315 |
cc |
and,supplemented |
R9793 |
T38323 |
T38315 |
conj |
permeabilized,supplemented |
R9794 |
T38324 |
T38323 |
prep |
for,permeabilized |
R9795 |
T38325 |
T38326 |
nummod |
30,min |
R9796 |
T38326 |
T38324 |
pobj |
min,for |
R9797 |
T38327 |
T38323 |
prep |
at,permeabilized |
R9798 |
T38328 |
T38329 |
nummod |
4,°C |
R9799 |
T38329 |
T38327 |
pobj |
°C,at |
R9800 |
T38330 |
T38323 |
prep |
with,permeabilized |
R9801 |
T38331 |
T38332 |
amod |
gentle,stirring |
R9802 |
T38332 |
T38330 |
pobj |
stirring,with |
R9803 |
T38333 |
T38258 |
punct |
.,separated |
R9804 |
T38335 |
T38336 |
nsubjpass |
Fibers,washed |
R9805 |
T38337 |
T38336 |
auxpass |
were,washed |
R9806 |
T38338 |
T38336 |
advmod |
then,washed |
R9807 |
T38339 |
T38336 |
advmod |
twice,washed |
R9808 |
T38340 |
T38336 |
prep |
for,washed |
R9809 |
T38341 |
T38342 |
nummod |
10,min |
R9810 |
T38342 |
T38340 |
pobj |
min,for |
R9811 |
T38343 |
T38342 |
advmod |
each,min |
R9812 |
T38344 |
T38345 |
punct |
(,EGTA |
R9813 |
T38345 |
T38336 |
parataxis |
EGTA,washed |
R9814 |
T38346 |
T38347 |
nummod |
2.77,mM |
R9815 |
T38347 |
T38345 |
compound |
mM,EGTA |
R9816 |
T38348 |
T38345 |
compound |
K2Ca,EGTA |
R9817 |
T38349 |
T38345 |
punct |
-,EGTA |
R9818 |
T38350 |
T38345 |
punct |
", ",EGTA |
R9819 |
T38351 |
T38352 |
nummod |
7.23,mM |
R9820 |
T38352 |
T38353 |
compound |
mM,K2EGTA |
R9821 |
T38353 |
T38345 |
appos |
K2EGTA,EGTA |
R9822 |
T38354 |
T38345 |
punct |
", ",EGTA |
R9823 |
T38355 |
T38356 |
nummod |
1.38,mM |
R9824 |
T38356 |
T38357 |
compound |
mM,MgCl2 |
R9825 |
T38357 |
T38345 |
appos |
MgCl2,EGTA |
R9826 |
T38358 |
T38345 |
punct |
", ",EGTA |
R9827 |
T38359 |
T38360 |
nummod |
20,mM |
R9828 |
T38360 |
T38361 |
compound |
mM,imidazole |
R9829 |
T38361 |
T38345 |
appos |
imidazole,EGTA |
R9830 |
T38362 |
T38345 |
punct |
", ",EGTA |
R9831 |
T38363 |
T38364 |
nummod |
100,mM |
R9832 |
T38364 |
T38365 |
compound |
mM,MES |
R9833 |
T38365 |
T38345 |
appos |
MES,EGTA |
R9834 |
T38366 |
T38365 |
compound |
K,MES |
R9835 |
T38367 |
T38365 |
punct |
-,MES |
R9836 |
T38368 |
T38345 |
punct |
", ",EGTA |
R9837 |
T38369 |
T38370 |
nummod |
20,mM |
R9838 |
T38370 |
T38371 |
compound |
mM,taurine |
R9839 |
T38371 |
T38345 |
appos |
taurine,EGTA |
R9840 |
T38372 |
T38345 |
punct |
", ",EGTA |
R9841 |
T38373 |
T38374 |
nummod |
3,mM |
R9842 |
T38374 |
T38375 |
compound |
mM,KH2PO4 |
R9843 |
T38375 |
T38345 |
appos |
KH2PO4,EGTA |
R9844 |
T38376 |
T38345 |
punct |
", ",EGTA |
R9845 |
T38377 |
T38378 |
nummod |
0.5,mM |
R9846 |
T38378 |
T38379 |
compound |
mM,DTT |
R9847 |
T38379 |
T38345 |
appos |
DTT,EGTA |
R9848 |
T38380 |
T38345 |
punct |
", ",EGTA |
R9849 |
T38381 |
T38382 |
nummod |
2,mg |
R9850 |
T38382 |
T38345 |
appos |
mg,EGTA |
R9851 |
T38383 |
T38384 |
punct |
/,BSA |
R9852 |
T38384 |
T38382 |
prep |
BSA,mg |
R9853 |
T38385 |
T38384 |
compound |
ml,BSA |
R9854 |
T38386 |
T38387 |
punct |
[,pH |
R9855 |
T38387 |
T38345 |
parataxis |
pH,EGTA |
R9856 |
T38388 |
T38387 |
nummod |
7.1,pH |
R9857 |
T38389 |
T38387 |
punct |
],pH |
R9858 |
T38390 |
T38345 |
punct |
),EGTA |
R9859 |
T38391 |
T38336 |
punct |
.,washed |
R9860 |
T38393 |
T38394 |
nsubjpass |
Respiration,measured |
R9861 |
T38395 |
T38394 |
auxpass |
was,measured |
R9862 |
T38396 |
T38394 |
prep |
at,measured |
R9863 |
T38397 |
T38398 |
nummod |
25,°C |
R9864 |
T38398 |
T38396 |
pobj |
°C,at |
R9865 |
T38399 |
T38394 |
advcl |
using,measured |
R9866 |
T38400 |
T38401 |
det |
an,probe |
R9867 |
T38401 |
T38399 |
dobj |
probe,using |
R9868 |
T38402 |
T38401 |
amod |
optical,probe |
R9869 |
T38403 |
T38404 |
punct |
(,Probe |
R9870 |
T38404 |
T38401 |
parataxis |
Probe,probe |
R9871 |
T38405 |
T38404 |
compound |
Oxygen,Probe |
R9872 |
T38406 |
T38404 |
compound |
FOXY,Probe |
R9873 |
T38407 |
T38404 |
punct |
", ",Probe |
R9874 |
T38408 |
T38409 |
compound |
Ocean,Optics |
R9875 |
T38409 |
T38404 |
npadvmod |
Optics,Probe |
R9876 |
T38410 |
T38404 |
punct |
", ",Probe |
R9877 |
T38411 |
T38404 |
npadvmod |
Dunedin,Probe |
R9878 |
T38412 |
T38404 |
punct |
", ",Probe |
R9879 |
T38413 |
T38404 |
npadvmod |
Florida,Probe |
R9880 |
T38414 |
T38404 |
punct |
", ",Probe |
R9881 |
T38415 |
T38416 |
compound |
United,States |
R9882 |
T38416 |
T38404 |
npadvmod |
States,Probe |
R9883 |
T38417 |
T38404 |
punct |
),Probe |
R9884 |
T38418 |
T38394 |
punct |
.,measured |
R9885 |
T38420 |
T38421 |
prep |
Following,determined |
R9886 |
T38422 |
T38420 |
pobj |
measurement,Following |
R9887 |
T38423 |
T38422 |
prep |
of,measurement |
R9888 |
T38424 |
T38425 |
amod |
basal,respiration |
R9889 |
T38425 |
T38423 |
pobj |
respiration,of |
R9890 |
T38426 |
T38425 |
nmod |
state,respiration |
R9891 |
T38427 |
T38426 |
nummod |
2,state |
R9892 |
T38428 |
T38421 |
punct |
", ",determined |
R9893 |
T38429 |
T38430 |
amod |
maximal,respiration |
R9894 |
T38430 |
T38421 |
nsubjpass |
respiration,determined |
R9895 |
T38431 |
T38430 |
punct |
(,respiration |
R9896 |
T38432 |
T38433 |
npadvmod |
ADP,stimulated |
R9897 |
T38433 |
T38430 |
amod |
stimulated,respiration |
R9898 |
T38434 |
T38433 |
punct |
-,stimulated |
R9899 |
T38435 |
T38430 |
punct |
),respiration |
R9900 |
T38436 |
T38430 |
nmod |
state,respiration |
R9901 |
T38437 |
T38436 |
nummod |
3,state |
R9902 |
T38438 |
T38421 |
auxpass |
was,determined |
R9903 |
T38439 |
T38421 |
prep |
by,determined |
R9904 |
T38440 |
T38439 |
pcomp |
exposing,by |
R9905 |
T38441 |
T38440 |
dobj |
fibers,exposing |
R9906 |
T38442 |
T38440 |
prep |
to,exposing |
R9907 |
T38443 |
T38444 |
nummod |
1,mM |
R9908 |
T38444 |
T38445 |
compound |
mM,ADP |
R9909 |
T38445 |
T38442 |
pobj |
ADP,to |
R9910 |
T38446 |
T38421 |
punct |
.,determined |
R9911 |
T38448 |
T38449 |
det |
The,integrity |
R9912 |
T38449 |
T38450 |
nsubjpass |
integrity,assessed |
R9913 |
T38451 |
T38449 |
prep |
of,integrity |
R9914 |
T38452 |
T38453 |
det |
the,membrane |
R9915 |
T38453 |
T38451 |
pobj |
membrane,of |
R9916 |
T38454 |
T38453 |
amod |
outer,membrane |
R9917 |
T38455 |
T38453 |
amod |
mitochondrial,membrane |
R9918 |
T38456 |
T38450 |
auxpass |
was,assessed |
R9919 |
T38457 |
T38450 |
prep |
by,assessed |
R9920 |
T38458 |
T38457 |
pcomp |
adding,by |
R9921 |
T38459 |
T38460 |
nummod |
8,μM |
R9922 |
T38460 |
T38461 |
nmod |
μM,c |
R9923 |
T38461 |
T38458 |
dobj |
c,adding |
R9924 |
T38462 |
T38461 |
amod |
exogenous,c |
R9925 |
T38463 |
T38461 |
compound |
cytochrome,c |
R9926 |
T38464 |
T38458 |
prep |
to,adding |
R9927 |
T38465 |
T38466 |
npadvmod |
ADP,stimulated |
R9928 |
T38466 |
T38468 |
amod |
stimulated,fibers |
R9929 |
T38467 |
T38466 |
punct |
-,stimulated |
R9930 |
T38468 |
T38464 |
pobj |
fibers,to |
R9931 |
T38469 |
T38450 |
punct |
.,assessed |
R9932 |
T38471 |
T38472 |
nmod |
State,respiration |
R9933 |
T38472 |
T38474 |
nsubjpass |
respiration,evaluated |
R9934 |
T38473 |
T38471 |
nummod |
4,State |
R9935 |
T38475 |
T38476 |
punct |
(,uncoupled |
R9936 |
T38476 |
T38472 |
parataxis |
uncoupled,respiration |
R9937 |
T38477 |
T38476 |
punct |
),uncoupled |
R9938 |
T38478 |
T38474 |
auxpass |
was,evaluated |
R9939 |
T38479 |
T38474 |
prep |
following,evaluated |
R9940 |
T38480 |
T38479 |
pobj |
addition,following |
R9941 |
T38481 |
T38480 |
prep |
of,addition |
R9942 |
T38482 |
T38481 |
pobj |
oligomycin,of |
R9943 |
T38483 |
T38484 |
punct |
(,μg |
R9944 |
T38484 |
T38482 |
parataxis |
μg,oligomycin |
R9945 |
T38485 |
T38484 |
nummod |
1,μg |
R9946 |
T38486 |
T38487 |
punct |
/,ml |
R9947 |
T38487 |
T38484 |
prep |
ml,μg |
R9948 |
T38488 |
T38484 |
punct |
),μg |
R9949 |
T38489 |
T38474 |
punct |
.,evaluated |
R9950 |
T38491 |
T38492 |
det |
The,solubility |
R9951 |
T38492 |
T38493 |
nsubjpass |
solubility,taken |
R9952 |
T38494 |
T38492 |
prep |
of,solubility |
R9953 |
T38495 |
T38494 |
pobj |
oxygen,of |
R9954 |
T38496 |
T38492 |
prep |
in,solubility |
R9955 |
T38497 |
T38498 |
det |
the,buffer |
R9956 |
T38498 |
T38496 |
pobj |
buffer,in |
R9957 |
T38499 |
T38498 |
compound |
respiration,buffer |
R9958 |
T38500 |
T38492 |
prep |
at,solubility |
R9959 |
T38501 |
T38502 |
nummod |
25,°C |
R9960 |
T38502 |
T38500 |
pobj |
°C,at |
R9961 |
T38503 |
T38493 |
auxpass |
was,taken |
R9962 |
T38504 |
T38493 |
prep |
as,taken |
R9963 |
T38505 |
T38506 |
nummod |
246.87,nmol |
R9964 |
T38506 |
T38507 |
compound |
nmol,O2 |
R9965 |
T38507 |
T38504 |
pobj |
O2,as |
R9966 |
T38508 |
T38507 |
punct |
·,O2 |
R9967 |
T38509 |
T38507 |
appos |
ml,O2 |
R9968 |
T38510 |
T38511 |
punct |
−,1 |
R9969 |
T38511 |
T38509 |
nummod |
1,ml |
R9970 |
T38512 |
T38493 |
punct |
.,taken |
R9971 |
T38514 |
T38515 |
compound |
Respiration,rates |
R9972 |
T38515 |
T38516 |
nsubjpass |
rates,expressed |
R9973 |
T38517 |
T38516 |
auxpass |
were,expressed |
R9974 |
T38518 |
T38516 |
prep |
as,expressed |
R9975 |
T38519 |
T38520 |
compound |
nmol,O2 |
R9976 |
T38520 |
T38518 |
pobj |
O2,as |
R9977 |
T38521 |
T38520 |
punct |
·,O2 |
R9978 |
T38522 |
T38520 |
appos |
min,O2 |
R9979 |
T38523 |
T38524 |
punct |
−,1 |
R9980 |
T38524 |
T38522 |
nummod |
1,min |
R9981 |
T38525 |
T38520 |
punct |
·,O2 |
R9982 |
T38526 |
T38520 |
appos |
mgdw,O2 |
R9983 |
T38527 |
T38528 |
punct |
−,1 |
R9984 |
T38528 |
T38526 |
nummod |
1,mgdw |
R9985 |
T38529 |
T38516 |
punct |
.,expressed |
R9988 |
T38945 |
T38946 |
nmod |
Insulin,tolerance |
R9989 |
T38946 |
T38949 |
compound |
tolerance,tests |
R9990 |
T38947 |
T38945 |
cc |
and,Insulin |
R9991 |
T38948 |
T38945 |
conj |
glucose,Insulin |
R9992 |
T38951 |
T38952 |
nmod |
Glucose,tolerance |
R9993 |
T38952 |
T38955 |
compound |
tolerance,tests |
R9994 |
T38953 |
T38951 |
cc |
and,Glucose |
R9995 |
T38954 |
T38951 |
conj |
Insulin,Glucose |
R9996 |
T38955 |
T38956 |
nsubjpass |
tests,performed |
R9997 |
T38957 |
T38956 |
auxpass |
were,performed |
R9998 |
T38958 |
T38959 |
mark |
as,described |
R9999 |
T38959 |
T38956 |
advcl |
described,performed |
R10000 |
T38960 |
T38961 |
punct |
[,35 |
R10001 |
T38961 |
T38959 |
parataxis |
35,described |
R10002 |
T38962 |
T38961 |
punct |
],35 |
R10003 |
T38963 |
T38956 |
punct |
.,performed |
R10004 |
T38965 |
T38966 |
amod |
Prior,to |
R10005 |
T38966 |
T38967 |
prep |
to,fasted |
R10006 |
T38968 |
T38966 |
pobj |
studies,to |
R10007 |
T38969 |
T38967 |
punct |
", ",fasted |
R10008 |
T38970 |
T38967 |
nsubjpass |
mice,fasted |
R10009 |
T38971 |
T38967 |
auxpass |
were,fasted |
R10010 |
T38972 |
T38973 |
advmod |
overnight,h |
R10011 |
T38973 |
T38967 |
npadvmod |
h,fasted |
R10012 |
T38974 |
T38975 |
punct |
(,GTT |
R10013 |
T38975 |
T38972 |
parataxis |
GTT,overnight |
R10014 |
T38976 |
T38975 |
punct |
),GTT |
R10015 |
T38977 |
T38973 |
cc |
or,h |
R10016 |
T38978 |
T38973 |
nummod |
6,h |
R10017 |
T38979 |
T38980 |
punct |
(,ITT |
R10018 |
T38980 |
T38973 |
parataxis |
ITT,h |
R10019 |
T38981 |
T38980 |
punct |
),ITT |
R10020 |
T38982 |
T38967 |
punct |
.,fasted |
R10021 |
T38984 |
T38985 |
prep |
In,injected |
R10022 |
T38986 |
T38987 |
compound |
GTT,studies |
R10023 |
T38987 |
T38984 |
pobj |
studies,In |
R10024 |
T38988 |
T38985 |
punct |
", ",injected |
R10025 |
T38989 |
T38985 |
nsubjpass |
mice,injected |
R10026 |
T38990 |
T38985 |
auxpass |
were,injected |
R10027 |
T38991 |
T38985 |
prep |
with,injected |
R10028 |
T38992 |
T38993 |
det |
a,solution |
R10029 |
T38993 |
T38991 |
pobj |
solution,with |
R10030 |
T38994 |
T38995 |
nummod |
10,% |
R10031 |
T38995 |
T38993 |
compound |
%,solution |
R10032 |
T38996 |
T38993 |
prep |
of,solution |
R10033 |
T38997 |
T38998 |
compound |
D,glucose |
R10034 |
T38998 |
T38996 |
pobj |
glucose,of |
R10035 |
T38999 |
T38998 |
punct |
-,glucose |
R10036 |
T39000 |
T39001 |
punct |
(,g |
R10037 |
T39001 |
T38998 |
parataxis |
g,glucose |
R10038 |
T39002 |
T39001 |
nummod |
1,g |
R10039 |
T39003 |
T39004 |
punct |
/,kg |
R10040 |
T39004 |
T39001 |
prep |
kg,g |
R10041 |
T39005 |
T39001 |
punct |
),g |
R10042 |
T39006 |
T38985 |
punct |
.,injected |
R10043 |
T39008 |
T39009 |
prep |
For,received |
R10044 |
T39010 |
T39008 |
pobj |
ITT,For |
R10045 |
T39011 |
T39009 |
punct |
", ",received |
R10046 |
T39012 |
T39009 |
nsubj |
mice,received |
R10047 |
T39013 |
T39014 |
det |
an,injection |
R10048 |
T39014 |
T39009 |
dobj |
injection,received |
R10049 |
T39015 |
T39014 |
compound |
IP,injection |
R10050 |
T39016 |
T39014 |
prep |
of,injection |
R10051 |
T39017 |
T39018 |
amod |
human,insulin |
R10052 |
T39018 |
T39016 |
pobj |
insulin,of |
R10053 |
T39019 |
T39018 |
amod |
regular,insulin |
R10054 |
T39020 |
T39021 |
punct |
(,Lilly |
R10055 |
T39021 |
T39014 |
parataxis |
Lilly,injection |
R10056 |
T39022 |
T39021 |
compound |
Eli,Lilly |
R10057 |
T39023 |
T39021 |
punct |
", ",Lilly |
R10058 |
T39024 |
T39021 |
npadvmod |
Indianapolis,Lilly |
R10059 |
T39025 |
T39021 |
punct |
", ",Lilly |
R10060 |
T39026 |
T39021 |
npadvmod |
Indiana,Lilly |
R10061 |
T39027 |
T39021 |
punct |
", ",Lilly |
R10062 |
T39028 |
T39029 |
compound |
United,States |
R10063 |
T39029 |
T39021 |
npadvmod |
States,Lilly |
R10064 |
T39030 |
T39021 |
punct |
),Lilly |
R10065 |
T39031 |
T39009 |
prep |
at,received |
R10066 |
T39032 |
T39033 |
det |
a,dose |
R10067 |
T39033 |
T39031 |
pobj |
dose,at |
R10068 |
T39034 |
T39033 |
prep |
of,dose |
R10069 |
T39035 |
T39036 |
nummod |
0.75,units |
R10070 |
T39036 |
T39034 |
pobj |
units,of |
R10071 |
T39037 |
T39038 |
punct |
/,kg |
R10072 |
T39038 |
T39036 |
prep |
kg,units |
R10073 |
T39039 |
T39038 |
prep |
of,kg |
R10074 |
T39040 |
T39041 |
compound |
body,weight |
R10075 |
T39041 |
T39039 |
pobj |
weight,of |
R10076 |
T39042 |
T39009 |
punct |
.,received |
R10077 |
T39044 |
T39045 |
compound |
Tail,glucose |
R10078 |
T39045 |
T39047 |
nsubjpass |
glucose,determined |
R10079 |
T39046 |
T39045 |
compound |
blood,glucose |
R10080 |
T39048 |
T39047 |
auxpass |
was,determined |
R10081 |
T39049 |
T39047 |
prep |
at,determined |
R10082 |
T39050 |
T39051 |
nummod |
0,min |
R10083 |
T39051 |
T39049 |
pobj |
min,at |
R10084 |
T39052 |
T39050 |
punct |
", ",0 |
R10085 |
T39053 |
T39050 |
conj |
30,0 |
R10086 |
T39054 |
T39053 |
punct |
", ",30 |
R10087 |
T39055 |
T39053 |
conj |
60,30 |
R10088 |
T39056 |
T39055 |
punct |
", ",60 |
R10089 |
T39057 |
T39055 |
cc |
and,60 |
R10090 |
T39058 |
T39055 |
conj |
120,60 |
R10091 |
T39059 |
T39051 |
prep |
after,min |
R10092 |
T39060 |
T39059 |
pobj |
challenge,after |
R10093 |
T39061 |
T39047 |
advcl |
using,determined |
R10094 |
T39062 |
T39063 |
det |
a,Analyzer |
R10095 |
T39063 |
T39061 |
dobj |
Analyzer,using |
R10096 |
T39064 |
T39065 |
compound |
B,GLUCOSE |
R10097 |
T39065 |
T39063 |
compound |
GLUCOSE,Analyzer |
R10098 |
T39066 |
T39065 |
punct |
-,GLUCOSE |
R10099 |
T39067 |
T39068 |
punct |
(,AB |
R10100 |
T39068 |
T39061 |
parataxis |
AB,using |
R10101 |
T39069 |
T39068 |
compound |
Hemacue,AB |
R10102 |
T39070 |
T39068 |
punct |
", ",AB |
R10103 |
T39071 |
T39068 |
npadvmod |
Angelholm,AB |
R10104 |
T39072 |
T39068 |
punct |
", ",AB |
R10105 |
T39073 |
T39068 |
npadvmod |
Sweden,AB |
R10106 |
T39074 |
T39068 |
punct |
),AB |
R10107 |
T39075 |
T39047 |
punct |
.,determined |
R10113 |
T39327 |
T39323 |
appos |
VO2,rates |
R10114 |
T39328 |
T39323 |
punct |
),rates |
R10115 |
T39329 |
T39323 |
prep |
of,rates |
R10116 |
T39330 |
T39331 |
nummod |
5,wk |
R10117 |
T39331 |
T39333 |
npadvmod |
wk,old |
R10118 |
T39332 |
T39331 |
punct |
-,wk |
R10119 |
T39333 |
T39335 |
amod |
old,mice |
R10120 |
T39334 |
T39333 |
punct |
-,old |
R10121 |
T39335 |
T39329 |
pobj |
mice,of |
R10122 |
T39336 |
T39335 |
amod |
female,mice |
R10123 |
T39337 |
T39325 |
auxpass |
were,measured |
R10124 |
T39338 |
T39325 |
advcl |
using,measured |
R10125 |
T39339 |
T39340 |
det |
a,System |
R10126 |
T39340 |
T39338 |
dobj |
System,using |
R10127 |
T39341 |
T39342 |
compound |
Columbus,Instruments |
R10128 |
T39342 |
T39340 |
compound |
Instruments,System |
R10129 |
T39343 |
T39340 |
compound |
Oxymax,System |
R10130 |
T39344 |
T39325 |
punct |
.,measured |
R10131 |
T39346 |
T39347 |
compound |
Resting,rates |
R10132 |
T39347 |
T39351 |
nsubjpass |
rates,assessed |
R10133 |
T39348 |
T39347 |
compound |
baseline,rates |
R10134 |
T39349 |
T39350 |
compound |
oxygen,consumption |
R10135 |
T39350 |
T39347 |
compound |
consumption,rates |
R10136 |
T39352 |
T39351 |
auxpass |
were,assessed |
R10137 |
T39353 |
T39351 |
prep |
for,assessed |
R10138 |
T39354 |
T39355 |
advmod |
at,least |
R10139 |
T39355 |
T39356 |
advmod |
least,1.0 |
R10140 |
T39356 |
T39357 |
nummod |
1.0,h |
R10141 |
T39357 |
T39353 |
pobj |
h,for |
R10142 |
T39358 |
T39351 |
punct |
.,assessed |
R10143 |
T39360 |
T39361 |
prep |
For,dissolved |
R10144 |
T39362 |
T39363 |
npadvmod |
β3,adrenergic |
R10145 |
T39363 |
T39365 |
amod |
adrenergic,studies |
R10146 |
T39364 |
T39363 |
punct |
-,adrenergic |
R10147 |
T39365 |
T39360 |
pobj |
studies,For |
R10148 |
T39366 |
T39365 |
compound |
stimulation,studies |
R10149 |
T39367 |
T39361 |
punct |
", ",dissolved |
R10150 |
T39368 |
T39361 |
nsubjpass |
BRL,dissolved |
R10151 |
T39369 |
T39368 |
nummod |
37344,BRL |
R10152 |
T39370 |
T39371 |
punct |
(,Sigma |
R10153 |
T39371 |
T39368 |
parataxis |
Sigma,BRL |
R10154 |
T39372 |
T39371 |
punct |
),Sigma |
R10155 |
T39373 |
T39361 |
auxpass |
was,dissolved |
R10156 |
T39374 |
T39361 |
prep |
in,dissolved |
R10157 |
T39375 |
T39376 |
amod |
sterile,saline |
R10158 |
T39376 |
T39374 |
pobj |
saline,in |
R10159 |
T39377 |
T39361 |
cc |
and,dissolved |
R10160 |
T39378 |
T39361 |
conj |
injected,dissolved |
R10161 |
T39379 |
T39378 |
advmod |
IP,injected |
R10162 |
T39380 |
T39381 |
punct |
(,μg |
R10163 |
T39381 |
T39378 |
parataxis |
μg,injected |
R10164 |
T39382 |
T39381 |
nummod |
2,μg |
R10165 |
T39383 |
T39384 |
punct |
/,g |
R10166 |
T39384 |
T39381 |
prep |
g,μg |
R10167 |
T39385 |
T39384 |
prep |
of,g |
R10168 |
T39386 |
T39387 |
compound |
body,weight |
R10169 |
T39387 |
T39385 |
pobj |
weight,of |
R10170 |
T39388 |
T39381 |
punct |
),μg |
R10171 |
T39389 |
T39390 |
punct |
[,45 |
R10172 |
T39390 |
T39378 |
parataxis |
45,injected |
R10173 |
T39391 |
T39390 |
punct |
],45 |
R10174 |
T39392 |
T39361 |
punct |
.,dissolved |
R10175 |
T39394 |
T39395 |
compound |
Postagonist,assessment |
R10176 |
T39395 |
T39396 |
nsubjpass |
assessment,recorded |
R10177 |
T39397 |
T39395 |
prep |
of,assessment |
R10178 |
T39398 |
T39399 |
compound |
oxygen,consumption |
R10179 |
T39399 |
T39397 |
pobj |
consumption,of |
R10180 |
T39400 |
T39396 |
auxpass |
was,recorded |
R10181 |
T39401 |
T39396 |
prep |
for,recorded |
R10182 |
T39402 |
T39403 |
det |
an,h |
R10183 |
T39403 |
T39401 |
pobj |
h,for |
R10184 |
T39404 |
T39403 |
amod |
additional,h |
R10185 |
T39405 |
T39403 |
nummod |
1.0,h |
R10186 |
T39406 |
T39396 |
punct |
", ",recorded |
R10187 |
T39407 |
T39396 |
prep |
with,recorded |
R10188 |
T39408 |
T39407 |
pobj |
data,with |
R10189 |
T39409 |
T39408 |
acl |
collected,data |
R10190 |
T39410 |
T39409 |
prep |
at,collected |
R10191 |
T39411 |
T39412 |
det |
the,point |
R10192 |
T39412 |
T39410 |
pobj |
point,at |
R10193 |
T39413 |
T39414 |
nummod |
40,min |
R10194 |
T39414 |
T39412 |
compound |
min,point |
R10195 |
T39415 |
T39414 |
punct |
-,min |
R10196 |
T39416 |
T39412 |
compound |
time,point |
R10197 |
T39417 |
T39396 |
punct |
.,recorded |
R10200 |
T40047 |
T40046 |
cc |
and,Histology |
R10201 |
T40048 |
T40049 |
compound |
electron,microscopy |
R10202 |
T40049 |
T40046 |
conj |
microscopy,Histology |
R10203 |
T40051 |
T40052 |
compound |
Soleus,muscle |
R10204 |
T40052 |
T40053 |
nsubjpass |
muscle,dissected |
R10205 |
T40054 |
T40052 |
cc |
and,muscle |
R10206 |
T40055 |
T40052 |
conj |
liver,muscle |
R10207 |
T40056 |
T40053 |
auxpass |
were,dissected |
R10208 |
T40057 |
T40053 |
cc |
and,dissected |
R10209 |
T40058 |
T40053 |
conj |
fixed,dissected |
R10210 |
T40059 |
T40058 |
advmod |
overnight,fixed |
R10211 |
T40060 |
T40058 |
prep |
in,fixed |
R10212 |
T40061 |
T40062 |
nummod |
2,% |
R10213 |
T40062 |
T40063 |
nmod |
%,glutaraldehyde |
R10214 |
T40063 |
T40064 |
nmod |
glutaraldehyde,buffer |
R10215 |
T40064 |
T40060 |
pobj |
buffer,in |
R10216 |
T40065 |
T40063 |
punct |
", ",glutaraldehyde |
R10217 |
T40066 |
T40067 |
nummod |
1,% |
R10218 |
T40067 |
T40068 |
compound |
%,paraformaldehyde |
R10219 |
T40068 |
T40063 |
conj |
paraformaldehyde,glutaraldehyde |
R10220 |
T40069 |
T40068 |
punct |
", ",paraformaldehyde |
R10221 |
T40070 |
T40068 |
cc |
and,paraformaldehyde |
R10222 |
T40071 |
T40072 |
nummod |
0.08,% |
R10223 |
T40072 |
T40068 |
conj |
%,paraformaldehyde |
R10224 |
T40073 |
T40074 |
compound |
sodium,cacodylate |
R10225 |
T40074 |
T40072 |
appos |
cacodylate,% |
R10226 |
T40075 |
T40053 |
punct |
.,dissected |
R10227 |
T40077 |
T40078 |
det |
The,tissues |
R10228 |
T40078 |
T40079 |
nsubjpass |
tissues,postfixed |
R10229 |
T40080 |
T40079 |
auxpass |
were,postfixed |
R10230 |
T40081 |
T40079 |
prep |
in,postfixed |
R10231 |
T40082 |
T40083 |
nummod |
1,% |
R10232 |
T40083 |
T40084 |
compound |
%,tetroxide |
R10233 |
T40084 |
T40081 |
pobj |
tetroxide,in |
R10234 |
T40085 |
T40084 |
compound |
osmium,tetroxide |
R10235 |
T40086 |
T40079 |
punct |
", ",postfixed |
R10236 |
T40087 |
T40079 |
conj |
dehydrated,postfixed |
R10237 |
T40088 |
T40087 |
prep |
in,dehydrated |
R10238 |
T40089 |
T40090 |
amod |
graded,ethanol |
R10239 |
T40090 |
T40088 |
pobj |
ethanol,in |
R10240 |
T40091 |
T40087 |
punct |
", ",dehydrated |
R10241 |
T40092 |
T40087 |
conj |
embedded,dehydrated |
R10242 |
T40093 |
T40092 |
prep |
in,embedded |
R10243 |
T40094 |
T40095 |
compound |
Poly,Bed |
R10244 |
T40095 |
T40096 |
compound |
Bed,resin |
R10245 |
T40096 |
T40093 |
pobj |
resin,in |
R10246 |
T40097 |
T40096 |
compound |
plastic,resin |
R10247 |
T40098 |
T40092 |
punct |
", ",embedded |
R10248 |
T40099 |
T40092 |
cc |
and,embedded |
R10249 |
T40100 |
T40092 |
conj |
sectioned,embedded |
R10250 |
T40101 |
T40100 |
prep |
for,sectioned |
R10251 |
T40102 |
T40103 |
compound |
electron,microscopy |
R10252 |
T40103 |
T40101 |
pobj |
microscopy,for |
R10253 |
T40104 |
T40079 |
punct |
.,postfixed |
R10254 |
T40106 |
T40107 |
amod |
Cardiac,muscle |
R10255 |
T40107 |
T40110 |
nmod |
muscle,densities |
R10256 |
T40108 |
T40106 |
cc |
and,Cardiac |
R10257 |
T40109 |
T40106 |
conj |
skeletal,Cardiac |
R10258 |
T40110 |
T40115 |
nsubjpass |
densities,determined |
R10259 |
T40111 |
T40110 |
amod |
mitochondrial,densities |
R10260 |
T40112 |
T40111 |
cc |
and,mitochondrial |
R10261 |
T40113 |
T40111 |
conj |
myofibrillar,mitochondrial |
R10262 |
T40114 |
T40110 |
compound |
volume,densities |
R10263 |
T40116 |
T40115 |
auxpass |
were,determined |
R10264 |
T40117 |
T40115 |
prep |
from,determined |
R10265 |
T40118 |
T40119 |
compound |
electron,micrographs |
R10266 |
T40119 |
T40117 |
pobj |
micrographs,from |
R10267 |
T40120 |
T40121 |
mark |
as,described |
R10268 |
T40121 |
T40115 |
advcl |
described,determined |
R10269 |
T40122 |
T40121 |
advmod |
previously,described |
R10270 |
T40123 |
T40124 |
punct |
[,10 |
R10271 |
T40124 |
T40121 |
parataxis |
10,described |
R10272 |
T40125 |
T40124 |
punct |
],10 |
R10273 |
T40126 |
T40115 |
punct |
.,determined |
R10274 |
T40128 |
T40129 |
prep |
For,quantified |
R10275 |
T40130 |
T40131 |
det |
each,animal |
R10276 |
T40131 |
T40128 |
pobj |
animal,For |
R10277 |
T40132 |
T40129 |
punct |
", ",quantified |
R10278 |
T40133 |
T40134 |
nummod |
three,fields |
R10279 |
T40134 |
T40129 |
nsubjpass |
fields,quantified |
R10280 |
T40135 |
T40134 |
amod |
different,fields |
R10281 |
T40136 |
T40134 |
prep |
at,fields |
R10282 |
T40137 |
T40138 |
det |
the,magnification |
R10283 |
T40138 |
T40136 |
pobj |
magnification,at |
R10284 |
T40139 |
T40138 |
prep |
of,magnification |
R10285 |
T40140 |
T40139 |
pobj |
7500,of |
R10286 |
T40141 |
T40140 |
punct |
×,7500 |
R10287 |
T40142 |
T40129 |
auxpass |
were,quantified |
R10288 |
T40143 |
T40129 |
prep |
in,quantified |
R10289 |
T40144 |
T40145 |
amod |
blinded,fashion |
R10290 |
T40145 |
T40143 |
pobj |
fashion,in |
R10291 |
T40146 |
T40129 |
punct |
.,quantified |
R10292 |
T40148 |
T40149 |
nsubjpass |
Data,expressed |
R10293 |
T40150 |
T40149 |
auxpass |
were,expressed |
R10294 |
T40151 |
T40149 |
prep |
as,expressed |
R10295 |
T40152 |
T40153 |
compound |
mean,density |
R10296 |
T40153 |
T40151 |
pobj |
density,as |
R10297 |
T40154 |
T40153 |
compound |
volume,density |
R10298 |
T40155 |
T40153 |
prep |
of,density |
R10299 |
T40156 |
T40155 |
pobj |
mitochondria,of |
R10300 |
T40157 |
T40156 |
cc |
or,mitochondria |
R10301 |
T40158 |
T40156 |
conj |
myofibrils,mitochondria |
R10302 |
T40159 |
T40153 |
prep |
in,density |
R10303 |
T40160 |
T40161 |
det |
each,field |
R10304 |
T40161 |
T40159 |
pobj |
field,in |
R10305 |
T40162 |
T40149 |
punct |
.,expressed |
R10306 |
T40164 |
T40165 |
prep |
For,prepared |
R10307 |
T40166 |
T40167 |
nmod |
electron,analysis |
R10308 |
T40167 |
T40164 |
pobj |
analysis,For |
R10309 |
T40168 |
T40167 |
amod |
microscopic,analysis |
R10310 |
T40169 |
T40167 |
prep |
of,analysis |
R10311 |
T40170 |
T40171 |
det |
the,brain |
R10312 |
T40171 |
T40169 |
pobj |
brain,of |
R10313 |
T40172 |
T40165 |
punct |
", ",prepared |
R10314 |
T40173 |
T40165 |
nsubjpass |
tissue,prepared |
R10315 |
T40174 |
T40165 |
auxpass |
was,prepared |
R10316 |
T40175 |
T40176 |
mark |
as,described |
R10317 |
T40176 |
T40165 |
advcl |
described,prepared |
R10318 |
T40177 |
T40176 |
advmod |
previously,described |
R10319 |
T40178 |
T40179 |
punct |
[,46 |
R10320 |
T40179 |
T40176 |
parataxis |
46,described |
R10321 |
T40180 |
T40179 |
punct |
],46 |
R10322 |
T40181 |
T40165 |
punct |
.,prepared |
R10323 |
T40183 |
T40184 |
amod |
Ultrathin,sections |
R10324 |
T40184 |
T40185 |
nsubjpass |
sections,cut |
R10325 |
T40186 |
T40184 |
prep |
of,sections |
R10326 |
T40187 |
T40186 |
pobj |
cortex,of |
R10327 |
T40188 |
T40185 |
auxpass |
were,cut |
R10328 |
T40189 |
T40185 |
prep |
onto,cut |
R10329 |
T40190 |
T40191 |
npadvmod |
formvar,coated |
R10330 |
T40191 |
T40193 |
amod |
coated,grids |
R10331 |
T40192 |
T40191 |
punct |
-,coated |
R10332 |
T40193 |
T40189 |
pobj |
grids,onto |
R10333 |
T40194 |
T40193 |
compound |
slot,grids |
R10334 |
T40195 |
T40193 |
acl |
stained,grids |
R10335 |
T40196 |
T40195 |
prep |
with,stained |
R10336 |
T40197 |
T40198 |
compound |
uranyl,acetate |
R10337 |
T40198 |
T40196 |
pobj |
acetate,with |
R10338 |
T40199 |
T40198 |
cc |
and,acetate |
R10339 |
T40200 |
T40201 |
compound |
lead,citrate |
R10340 |
T40201 |
T40198 |
conj |
citrate,acetate |
R10341 |
T40202 |
T40185 |
cc |
and,cut |
R10342 |
T40203 |
T40185 |
conj |
examined,cut |
R10343 |
T40204 |
T40203 |
prep |
with,examined |
R10344 |
T40205 |
T40206 |
det |
a,microscope |
R10345 |
T40206 |
T40204 |
pobj |
microscope,with |
R10346 |
T40207 |
T40206 |
nmod |
JEOL,microscope |
R10347 |
T40208 |
T40207 |
nummod |
1200,JEOL |
R10348 |
T40209 |
T40206 |
compound |
electron,microscope |
R10349 |
T40210 |
T40185 |
punct |
.,cut |
R10350 |
T40212 |
T40213 |
prep |
For,dehydrated |
R10351 |
T40214 |
T40215 |
nmod |
H,staining |
R10352 |
T40215 |
T40212 |
pobj |
staining,For |
R10353 |
T40216 |
T40214 |
cc |
&,H |
R10354 |
T40217 |
T40214 |
conj |
E,H |
R10355 |
T40218 |
T40213 |
punct |
", ",dehydrated |
R10356 |
T40219 |
T40213 |
nsubjpass |
sections,dehydrated |
R10357 |
T40220 |
T40219 |
prep |
of,sections |
R10358 |
T40221 |
T40220 |
pobj |
brain,of |
R10359 |
T40222 |
T40219 |
punct |
", ",sections |
R10360 |
T40223 |
T40219 |
prep |
including,sections |
R10361 |
T40224 |
T40225 |
amod |
cerebral,cortex |
R10362 |
T40225 |
T40223 |
pobj |
cortex,including |
R10363 |
T40226 |
T40225 |
punct |
", ",cortex |
R10364 |
T40227 |
T40225 |
conj |
brainstem,cortex |
R10365 |
T40228 |
T40227 |
punct |
", ",brainstem |
R10366 |
T40229 |
T40227 |
cc |
and,brainstem |
R10367 |
T40230 |
T40227 |
conj |
cerebellum,brainstem |
R10368 |
T40231 |
T40213 |
punct |
", ",dehydrated |
R10369 |
T40232 |
T40213 |
auxpass |
were,dehydrated |
R10370 |
T40233 |
T40213 |
prep |
in,dehydrated |
R10371 |
T40234 |
T40235 |
amod |
graded,concentrations |
R10372 |
T40235 |
T40233 |
pobj |
concentrations,in |
R10373 |
T40236 |
T40235 |
prep |
of,concentrations |
R10374 |
T40237 |
T40236 |
pobj |
alcohol,of |
R10375 |
T40238 |
T40213 |
cc |
and,dehydrated |
R10376 |
T40239 |
T40213 |
conj |
embedded,dehydrated |
R10377 |
T40240 |
T40239 |
prep |
in,embedded |
R10378 |
T40241 |
T40240 |
pobj |
paraffin,in |
R10379 |
T40242 |
T40243 |
prep |
from,prepared |
R10380 |
T40243 |
T40241 |
relcl |
prepared,paraffin |
R10381 |
T40244 |
T40242 |
pobj |
which,from |
R10382 |
T40245 |
T40246 |
nummod |
5,μm |
R10383 |
T40246 |
T40248 |
compound |
μm,sections |
R10384 |
T40247 |
T40246 |
punct |
-,μm |
R10385 |
T40248 |
T40243 |
nsubjpass |
sections,prepared |
R10386 |
T40249 |
T40243 |
auxpass |
were,prepared |
R10387 |
T40250 |
T40213 |
punct |
.,dehydrated |
R10388 |
T40760 |
T40761 |
amod |
Primary,studies |
R10389 |
T40762 |
T40763 |
compound |
mouse,hepatocyte |
R10390 |
T40763 |
T40761 |
compound |
hepatocyte,studies |
R10391 |
T40765 |
T40766 |
amod |
Primary,cultures |
R10392 |
T40766 |
T40767 |
nsubjpass |
cultures,prepared |
R10393 |
T40768 |
T40766 |
prep |
of,cultures |
R10394 |
T40769 |
T40770 |
compound |
mouse,hepatocytes |
R10395 |
T40770 |
T40768 |
pobj |
hepatocytes,of |
R10396 |
T40771 |
T40767 |
auxpass |
were,prepared |
R10397 |
T40772 |
T40767 |
prep |
from,prepared |
R10398 |
T40773 |
T40774 |
amod |
male,mice |
R10399 |
T40774 |
T40772 |
pobj |
mice,from |
R10400 |
T40775 |
T40776 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R10401 |
T40776 |
T40774 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R10402 |
T40777 |
T40776 |
punct |
-,1α |
R10403 |
T40778 |
T40776 |
punct |
+,1α |
R10404 |
T40779 |
T40776 |
punct |
/,1α |
R10405 |
T40780 |
T40776 |
punct |
+,1α |
R10406 |
T40781 |
T40776 |
cc |
and,1α |
R10407 |
T40782 |
T40783 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R10408 |
T40783 |
T40776 |
conj |
1α,1α |
R10409 |
T40784 |
T40783 |
punct |
-,1α |
R10410 |
T40785 |
T40783 |
punct |
−,1α |
R10411 |
T40786 |
T40783 |
punct |
/,1α |
R10412 |
T40787 |
T40783 |
punct |
−,1α |
R10413 |
T40788 |
T40789 |
advmod |
essentially,described |
R10414 |
T40789 |
T40767 |
advcl |
described,prepared |
R10415 |
T40790 |
T40789 |
mark |
as,described |
R10416 |
T40791 |
T40792 |
punct |
[,47 |
R10417 |
T40792 |
T40789 |
parataxis |
47,described |
R10418 |
T40793 |
T40792 |
punct |
],47 |
R10419 |
T40794 |
T40767 |
punct |
.,prepared |
R10420 |
T40796 |
T40797 |
amod |
Fatty,acid |
R10421 |
T40797 |
T40798 |
nmod |
acid,oxidation |
R10422 |
T40798 |
T40799 |
nmod |
oxidation,experiments |
R10423 |
T40799 |
T40803 |
nsubjpass |
experiments,commenced |
R10424 |
T40800 |
T40798 |
cc |
and,oxidation |
R10425 |
T40801 |
T40802 |
compound |
triglyceride,synthesis |
R10426 |
T40802 |
T40798 |
conj |
synthesis,oxidation |
R10427 |
T40804 |
T40803 |
auxpass |
were,commenced |
R10428 |
T40805 |
T40806 |
quantmod |
2,3 |
R10429 |
T40806 |
T40808 |
nummod |
3,h |
R10430 |
T40807 |
T40806 |
punct |
–,3 |
R10431 |
T40808 |
T40809 |
npadvmod |
h,plated |
R10432 |
T40809 |
T40803 |
advcl |
plated,commenced |
R10433 |
T40810 |
T40809 |
mark |
after,plated |
R10434 |
T40811 |
T40812 |
det |
the,cells |
R10435 |
T40812 |
T40809 |
nsubjpass |
cells,plated |
R10436 |
T40813 |
T40809 |
auxpass |
were,plated |
R10437 |
T40814 |
T40803 |
punct |
.,commenced |
R10438 |
T40816 |
T40817 |
compound |
Triglyceride,synthesis |
R10439 |
T40817 |
T40818 |
compound |
synthesis,studies |
R10440 |
T40818 |
T40819 |
nsubjpass |
studies,performed |
R10441 |
T40820 |
T40819 |
punct |
", ",performed |
R10442 |
T40821 |
T40819 |
auxpass |
were,performed |
R10443 |
T40822 |
T40823 |
mark |
as,described |
R10444 |
T40823 |
T40819 |
advcl |
described,performed |
R10445 |
T40824 |
T40823 |
advmod |
previously,described |
R10446 |
T40825 |
T40826 |
punct |
[,47 |
R10447 |
T40826 |
T40823 |
parataxis |
47,described |
R10448 |
T40827 |
T40826 |
punct |
],47 |
R10449 |
T40828 |
T40819 |
punct |
.,performed |
R10450 |
T40830 |
T40831 |
compound |
Palmitate,rates |
R10451 |
T40831 |
T40833 |
nsubjpass |
rates,quantified |
R10452 |
T40832 |
T40831 |
compound |
oxidation,rates |
R10453 |
T40834 |
T40833 |
auxpass |
were,quantified |
R10454 |
T40835 |
T40833 |
advcl |
using,quantified |
R10455 |
T40836 |
T40835 |
punct |
[,using |
R10456 |
T40837 |
T40838 |
nummod |
9,3H |
R10457 |
T40838 |
T40842 |
npadvmod |
3H,palmitic |
R10458 |
T40839 |
T40838 |
punct |
",",3H |
R10459 |
T40840 |
T40838 |
nummod |
10,3H |
R10460 |
T40841 |
T40838 |
punct |
-,3H |
R10461 |
T40842 |
T40845 |
amod |
palmitic,acid |
R10462 |
T40843 |
T40842 |
punct |
],palmitic |
R10463 |
T40844 |
T40842 |
punct |
-,palmitic |
R10464 |
T40845 |
T40835 |
dobj |
acid,using |
R10465 |
T40846 |
T40847 |
mark |
as,described |
R10466 |
T40847 |
T40835 |
advcl |
described,using |
R10467 |
T40848 |
T40849 |
punct |
[,48 |
R10468 |
T40849 |
T40847 |
parataxis |
48,described |
R10469 |
T40850 |
T40849 |
punct |
],48 |
R10470 |
T40851 |
T40833 |
cc |
and,quantified |
R10471 |
T40852 |
T40833 |
conj |
corrected,quantified |
R10472 |
T40853 |
T40852 |
prep |
for,corrected |
R10473 |
T40854 |
T40855 |
amod |
total,content |
R10474 |
T40855 |
T40853 |
pobj |
content,for |
R10475 |
T40856 |
T40855 |
amod |
cellular,content |
R10476 |
T40857 |
T40855 |
compound |
protein,content |
R10477 |
T40858 |
T40833 |
punct |
.,quantified |
R10478 |
T40860 |
T40861 |
prep |
For,spun |
R10479 |
T40862 |
T40863 |
compound |
respiration,studies |
R10480 |
T40863 |
T40860 |
pobj |
studies,For |
R10481 |
T40864 |
T40861 |
punct |
", ",spun |
R10482 |
T40865 |
T40861 |
nsubjpass |
cells,spun |
R10483 |
T40866 |
T40861 |
auxpass |
were,spun |
R10484 |
T40867 |
T40861 |
prt |
down,spun |
R10485 |
T40868 |
T40869 |
amod |
prior,to |
R10486 |
T40869 |
T40861 |
prep |
to,spun |
R10487 |
T40870 |
T40869 |
pobj |
plating,to |
R10488 |
T40871 |
T40861 |
cc |
and,spun |
R10489 |
T40872 |
T40861 |
conj |
resuspended,spun |
R10490 |
T40873 |
T40872 |
prep |
in,resuspended |
R10491 |
T40874 |
T40875 |
det |
a,buffer |
R10492 |
T40875 |
T40873 |
pobj |
buffer,in |
R10493 |
T40876 |
T40875 |
compound |
permeabilization,buffer |
R10494 |
T40877 |
T40875 |
punct |
(,buffer |
R10495 |
T40878 |
T40875 |
acl |
described,buffer |
R10496 |
T40879 |
T40878 |
advmod |
above,described |
R10497 |
T40880 |
T40875 |
punct |
),buffer |
R10498 |
T40881 |
T40875 |
acl |
containing,buffer |
R10499 |
T40882 |
T40883 |
nummod |
50,μg |
R10500 |
T40883 |
T40884 |
nmod |
μg,saponin |
R10501 |
T40884 |
T40881 |
dobj |
saponin,containing |
R10502 |
T40885 |
T40886 |
punct |
/,ml |
R10503 |
T40886 |
T40883 |
prep |
ml,μg |
R10504 |
T40887 |
T40861 |
punct |
.,spun |
R10505 |
T40889 |
T40890 |
compound |
Respiration,studies |
R10506 |
T40890 |
T40891 |
nsubjpass |
studies,performed |
R10507 |
T40892 |
T40891 |
auxpass |
were,performed |
R10508 |
T40893 |
T40891 |
prep |
in,performed |
R10509 |
T40894 |
T40895 |
det |
the,presence |
R10510 |
T40895 |
T40893 |
pobj |
presence,in |
R10511 |
T40896 |
T40895 |
prep |
of,presence |
R10512 |
T40897 |
T40898 |
nummod |
5,mM |
R10513 |
T40898 |
T40899 |
compound |
mM,succinate |
R10514 |
T40899 |
T40896 |
pobj |
succinate,of |
R10515 |
T40900 |
T40891 |
prep |
in,performed |
R10516 |
T40901 |
T40902 |
det |
the,presence |
R10517 |
T40902 |
T40900 |
pobj |
presence,in |
R10518 |
T40903 |
T40902 |
prep |
of,presence |
R10519 |
T40904 |
T40905 |
nummod |
10,μM |
R10520 |
T40905 |
T40906 |
compound |
μM,rotenone |
R10521 |
T40906 |
T40903 |
pobj |
rotenone,of |
R10522 |
T40907 |
T40891 |
punct |
.,performed |
R10523 |
T40909 |
T40910 |
compound |
Respiration,rates |
R10524 |
T40910 |
T40911 |
nsubjpass |
rates,expressed |
R10525 |
T40912 |
T40911 |
auxpass |
were,expressed |
R10526 |
T40913 |
T40911 |
prep |
as,expressed |
R10527 |
T40914 |
T40915 |
compound |
nmol,O2 |
R10528 |
T40915 |
T40913 |
pobj |
O2,as |
R10529 |
T40916 |
T40915 |
punct |
·,O2 |
R10530 |
T40917 |
T40915 |
appos |
min,O2 |
R10531 |
T40918 |
T40919 |
punct |
−,1 |
R10532 |
T40919 |
T40917 |
nummod |
1,min |
R10533 |
T40920 |
T40915 |
punct |
·,O2 |
R10534 |
T40921 |
T40915 |
appos |
mg,O2 |
R10535 |
T40922 |
T40921 |
prep |
of,mg |
R10536 |
T40923 |
T40922 |
pobj |
protein,of |
R10537 |
T40924 |
T40925 |
punct |
−,1 |
R10538 |
T40925 |
T40921 |
nummod |
1,mg |
R10539 |
T40926 |
T40911 |
punct |
.,expressed |
R10540 |
T42847 |
T42846 |
prep |
of,Evaluation |
R10541 |
T42848 |
T42849 |
compound |
locomotor,activity |
R10542 |
T42849 |
T42847 |
pobj |
activity,of |
R10543 |
T42850 |
T42849 |
punct |
", ",activity |
R10544 |
T42851 |
T42852 |
compound |
sensorimotor,capabilities |
R10545 |
T42852 |
T42849 |
conj |
capabilities,activity |
R10546 |
T42853 |
T42852 |
punct |
", ",capabilities |
R10547 |
T42854 |
T42852 |
cc |
and,capabilities |
R10548 |
T42855 |
T42856 |
compound |
muscle,function |
R10549 |
T42856 |
T42852 |
conj |
function,capabilities |
R10550 |
T42858 |
T42859 |
aux |
To,evaluate |
R10551 |
T42859 |
T42860 |
advcl |
evaluate,evaluated |
R10552 |
T42861 |
T42862 |
amod |
general,levels |
R10553 |
T42862 |
T42859 |
dobj |
levels,evaluate |
R10554 |
T42863 |
T42862 |
compound |
activity,levels |
R10555 |
T42864 |
T42862 |
cc |
and,levels |
R10556 |
T42865 |
T42866 |
compound |
muscle,use |
R10557 |
T42866 |
T42862 |
conj |
use,levels |
R10558 |
T42867 |
T42860 |
punct |
", ",evaluated |
R10559 |
T42868 |
T42860 |
nsubjpass |
mice,evaluated |
R10560 |
T42869 |
T42860 |
auxpass |
were,evaluated |
R10561 |
T42870 |
T42860 |
prep |
over,evaluated |
R10562 |
T42871 |
T42872 |
det |
a,period |
R10563 |
T42872 |
T42870 |
pobj |
period,over |
R10564 |
T42873 |
T42874 |
nummod |
1,h |
R10565 |
T42874 |
T42872 |
compound |
h,period |
R10566 |
T42875 |
T42874 |
punct |
-,h |
R10567 |
T42876 |
T42860 |
prep |
in,evaluated |
R10568 |
T42877 |
T42878 |
nmod |
transparent,polystyrene |
R10569 |
T42878 |
T42876 |
pobj |
polystyrene,in |
R10570 |
T42879 |
T42878 |
punct |
(,polystyrene |
R10571 |
T42880 |
T42881 |
nummod |
47.6,cm |
R10572 |
T42881 |
T42878 |
nmod |
cm,polystyrene |
R10573 |
T42882 |
T42883 |
punct |
×,cm |
R10574 |
T42883 |
T42881 |
prep |
cm,cm |
R10575 |
T42884 |
T42883 |
nummod |
25.4,cm |
R10576 |
T42885 |
T42886 |
punct |
×,cm |
R10577 |
T42886 |
T42881 |
prep |
cm,cm |
R10578 |
T42887 |
T42886 |
nummod |
20.6,cm |
R10579 |
T42888 |
T42878 |
punct |
),polystyrene |
R10580 |
T42889 |
T42878 |
nmod |
enclosures,polystyrene |
R10581 |
T42890 |
T42891 |
mark |
as,described |
R10582 |
T42891 |
T42860 |
advcl |
described,evaluated |
R10583 |
T42892 |
T42891 |
advmod |
previously,described |
R10584 |
T42893 |
T42894 |
punct |
[,49 |
R10585 |
T42894 |
T42891 |
parataxis |
49,described |
R10586 |
T42895 |
T42894 |
punct |
],49 |
R10587 |
T42896 |
T42860 |
advcl |
using,evaluated |
R10588 |
T42897 |
T42898 |
det |
a,system |
R10589 |
T42898 |
T42896 |
dobj |
system,using |
R10590 |
T42899 |
T42900 |
amod |
high,resolution |
R10591 |
T42900 |
T42898 |
compound |
resolution,system |
R10592 |
T42901 |
T42900 |
punct |
-,resolution |
R10593 |
T42902 |
T42898 |
compound |
photobeam,system |
R10594 |
T42903 |
T42904 |
punct |
(,Monitor |
R10595 |
T42904 |
T42898 |
parataxis |
Monitor,system |
R10596 |
T42905 |
T42904 |
compound |
Motor,Monitor |
R10597 |
T42906 |
T42904 |
punct |
", ",Monitor |
R10598 |
T42907 |
T42908 |
compound |
Hamilton,Kinder |
R10599 |
T42908 |
T42904 |
npadvmod |
Kinder,Monitor |
R10600 |
T42909 |
T42908 |
punct |
-,Kinder |
R10601 |
T42910 |
T42904 |
punct |
", ",Monitor |
R10602 |
T42911 |
T42904 |
npadvmod |
Poway,Monitor |
R10603 |
T42912 |
T42904 |
punct |
", ",Monitor |
R10604 |
T42913 |
T42904 |
npadvmod |
California,Monitor |
R10605 |
T42914 |
T42904 |
punct |
", ",Monitor |
R10606 |
T42915 |
T42916 |
compound |
United,States |
R10607 |
T42916 |
T42904 |
npadvmod |
States,Monitor |
R10608 |
T42917 |
T42904 |
punct |
),Monitor |
R10609 |
T42918 |
T42860 |
punct |
.,evaluated |
R10610 |
T42920 |
T42921 |
det |
Each,enclosure |
R10611 |
T42921 |
T42922 |
nsubjpass |
enclosure,surrounded |
R10612 |
T42923 |
T42922 |
auxpass |
was,surrounded |
R10613 |
T42924 |
T42922 |
agent |
by,surrounded |
R10614 |
T42925 |
T42926 |
det |
a,frame |
R10615 |
T42926 |
T42924 |
pobj |
frame,by |
R10616 |
T42927 |
T42926 |
acl |
containing,frame |
R10617 |
T42928 |
T42929 |
det |
a,matrix |
R10618 |
T42929 |
T42927 |
dobj |
matrix,containing |
R10619 |
T42930 |
T42929 |
nummod |
4,matrix |
R10620 |
T42931 |
T42932 |
punct |
×,8 |
R10621 |
T42932 |
T42930 |
prep |
8,4 |
R10622 |
T42933 |
T42929 |
prep |
of,matrix |
R10623 |
T42934 |
T42935 |
compound |
photocell,pairs |
R10624 |
T42935 |
T42933 |
pobj |
pairs,of |
R10625 |
T42936 |
T42929 |
punct |
", ",matrix |
R10626 |
T42937 |
T42938 |
det |
the,output |
R10627 |
T42938 |
T42939 |
dep |
output,fed |
R10628 |
T42939 |
T42929 |
relcl |
fed,matrix |
R10629 |
T42940 |
T42938 |
prep |
of,output |
R10630 |
T42941 |
T42940 |
pobj |
which,of |
R10631 |
T42942 |
T42939 |
auxpass |
was,fed |
R10632 |
T42943 |
T42939 |
prep |
to,fed |
R10633 |
T42944 |
T42945 |
det |
an,computer |
R10634 |
T42945 |
T42943 |
pobj |
computer,to |
R10635 |
T42946 |
T42945 |
nmod |
on,computer |
R10636 |
T42947 |
T42946 |
punct |
-,on |
R10637 |
T42948 |
T42946 |
pobj |
line,on |
R10638 |
T42949 |
T42922 |
punct |
.,surrounded |
R10639 |
T42951 |
T42952 |
det |
The,software |
R10640 |
T42952 |
T42954 |
nsubjpass |
software,used |
R10641 |
T42953 |
T42952 |
compound |
system,software |
R10642 |
T42955 |
T42956 |
punct |
(,Kinder |
R10643 |
T42956 |
T42952 |
parataxis |
Kinder,software |
R10644 |
T42957 |
T42956 |
compound |
Hamilton,Kinder |
R10645 |
T42958 |
T42956 |
punct |
-,Kinder |
R10646 |
T42959 |
T42956 |
punct |
),Kinder |
R10647 |
T42960 |
T42954 |
auxpass |
was,used |
R10648 |
T42961 |
T42962 |
aux |
to,define |
R10649 |
T42962 |
T42954 |
advcl |
define,used |
R10650 |
T42963 |
T42964 |
det |
a,zone |
R10651 |
T42964 |
T42962 |
dobj |
zone,define |
R10652 |
T42965 |
T42966 |
nummod |
33,cm |
R10653 |
T42966 |
T42964 |
nmod |
cm,zone |
R10654 |
T42967 |
T42968 |
punct |
×,cm |
R10655 |
T42968 |
T42966 |
prep |
cm,cm |
R10656 |
T42969 |
T42968 |
nummod |
11,cm |
R10657 |
T42970 |
T42964 |
amod |
central,zone |
R10658 |
T42971 |
T42964 |
cc |
and,zone |
R10659 |
T42972 |
T42973 |
det |
a,zone |
R10660 |
T42973 |
T42964 |
conj |
zone,zone |
R10661 |
T42974 |
T42973 |
amod |
peripheral,zone |
R10662 |
T42975 |
T42974 |
cc |
or,peripheral |
R10663 |
T42976 |
T42974 |
conj |
surrounding,peripheral |
R10664 |
T42977 |
T42978 |
dep |
that,was |
R10665 |
T42978 |
T42973 |
relcl |
was,zone |
R10666 |
T42979 |
T42980 |
nummod |
5.5,cm |
R10667 |
T42980 |
T42981 |
npadvmod |
cm,wide |
R10668 |
T42981 |
T42978 |
acomp |
wide,was |
R10669 |
T42982 |
T42978 |
prep |
with,was |
R10670 |
T42983 |
T42984 |
det |
the,sides |
R10671 |
T42984 |
T42985 |
nsubj |
sides,being |
R10672 |
T42985 |
T42982 |
pcomp |
being,with |
R10673 |
T42986 |
T42984 |
prep |
of,sides |
R10674 |
T42987 |
T42988 |
det |
the,cage |
R10675 |
T42988 |
T42986 |
pobj |
cage,of |
R10676 |
T42989 |
T42990 |
det |
the,boundary |
R10677 |
T42990 |
T42985 |
attr |
boundary,being |
R10678 |
T42991 |
T42990 |
amod |
outermost,boundary |
R10679 |
T42992 |
T42954 |
punct |
.,used |
R10680 |
T42994 |
T42995 |
det |
This,area |
R10681 |
T42995 |
T42997 |
nsubj |
area,extended |
R10682 |
T42996 |
T42995 |
amod |
peripheral,area |
R10683 |
T42998 |
T42997 |
prep |
along,extended |
R10684 |
T42999 |
T43000 |
det |
the,perimeter |
R10685 |
T43000 |
T42998 |
pobj |
perimeter,along |
R10686 |
T43001 |
T43000 |
amod |
entire,perimeter |
R10687 |
T43002 |
T43000 |
prep |
of,perimeter |
R10688 |
T43003 |
T43004 |
det |
the,cage |
R10689 |
T43004 |
T43002 |
pobj |
cage,of |
R10690 |
T43005 |
T42997 |
punct |
.,extended |
R10691 |
T43007 |
T43008 |
nsubj |
Variables,included |
R10692 |
T43009 |
T43010 |
dep |
that,analyzed |
R10693 |
T43010 |
T43007 |
relcl |
analyzed,Variables |
R10694 |
T43011 |
T43010 |
auxpass |
were,analyzed |
R10695 |
T43012 |
T43013 |
det |
the,number |
R10696 |
T43013 |
T43008 |
dobj |
number,included |
R10697 |
T43014 |
T43013 |
amod |
total,number |
R10698 |
T43015 |
T43013 |
prep |
of,number |
R10699 |
T43016 |
T43015 |
pobj |
ambulations,of |
R10700 |
T43017 |
T43013 |
punct |
", ",number |
R10701 |
T43018 |
T43019 |
advmod |
as,as |
R10702 |
T43019 |
T43013 |
cc |
as,number |
R10703 |
T43020 |
T43019 |
advmod |
well,as |
R10704 |
T43021 |
T43022 |
det |
the,number |
R10705 |
T43022 |
T43013 |
conj |
number,number |
R10706 |
T43023 |
T43022 |
prep |
of,number |
R10707 |
T43024 |
T43023 |
pobj |
entries,of |
R10708 |
T43025 |
T43022 |
punct |
", ",number |
R10709 |
T43026 |
T43027 |
det |
the,time |
R10710 |
T43027 |
T43022 |
conj |
time,number |
R10711 |
T43028 |
T43027 |
acl |
spent,time |
R10712 |
T43029 |
T43027 |
punct |
", ",time |
R10713 |
T43030 |
T43027 |
cc |
and,time |
R10714 |
T43031 |
T43032 |
det |
the,distance |
R10715 |
T43032 |
T43027 |
conj |
distance,time |
R10716 |
T43033 |
T43032 |
acl |
traveled,distance |
R10717 |
T43034 |
T43033 |
prep |
in,traveled |
R10718 |
T43035 |
T43036 |
det |
the,area |
R10719 |
T43036 |
T43034 |
pobj |
area,in |
R10720 |
T43037 |
T43036 |
compound |
center,area |
R10721 |
T43038 |
T43039 |
advmod |
as,as |
R10722 |
T43039 |
T43032 |
cc |
as,distance |
R10723 |
T43040 |
T43039 |
advmod |
well,as |
R10724 |
T43041 |
T43042 |
det |
the,distance |
R10725 |
T43042 |
T43032 |
conj |
distance,distance |
R10726 |
T43043 |
T43042 |
acl |
traveled,distance |
R10727 |
T43044 |
T43043 |
prep |
in,traveled |
R10728 |
T43045 |
T43046 |
det |
the,periphery |
R10729 |
T43046 |
T43044 |
pobj |
periphery,in |
R10730 |
T43047 |
T43046 |
acl |
surrounding,periphery |
R10731 |
T43048 |
T43049 |
det |
the,center |
R10732 |
T43049 |
T43047 |
dobj |
center,surrounding |
R10733 |
T43050 |
T43008 |
punct |
.,included |
R10734 |
T43052 |
T43053 |
det |
The,number |
R10735 |
T43053 |
T43055 |
nsubjpass |
number,recorded |
R10736 |
T43054 |
T43053 |
amod |
total,number |
R10737 |
T43056 |
T43053 |
prep |
of,number |
R10738 |
T43057 |
T43056 |
pobj |
ambulations,of |
R10739 |
T43058 |
T43057 |
cc |
and,ambulations |
R10740 |
T43059 |
T43057 |
conj |
rearings,ambulations |
R10741 |
T43060 |
T43055 |
auxpass |
were,recorded |
R10742 |
T43061 |
T43055 |
punct |
.,recorded |
R10743 |
T43063 |
T43064 |
prep |
For,placed |
R10744 |
T43065 |
T43066 |
det |
the,test |
R10745 |
T43066 |
T43063 |
pobj |
test,For |
R10746 |
T43067 |
T43066 |
amod |
inverted,test |
R10747 |
T43068 |
T43066 |
compound |
screen,test |
R10748 |
T43069 |
T43064 |
punct |
", ",placed |
R10749 |
T43070 |
T43064 |
nsubjpass |
mice,placed |
R10750 |
T43071 |
T43064 |
auxpass |
were,placed |
R10751 |
T43072 |
T43064 |
prep |
on,placed |
R10752 |
T43073 |
T43074 |
det |
a,grid |
R10753 |
T43074 |
T43072 |
pobj |
grid,on |
R10754 |
T43075 |
T43074 |
compound |
wire,grid |
R10755 |
T43076 |
T43074 |
compound |
mesh,grid |
R10756 |
T43077 |
T43078 |
punct |
(,squares |
R10757 |
T43078 |
T43074 |
parataxis |
squares,grid |
R10758 |
T43079 |
T43078 |
nummod |
16,squares |
R10759 |
T43080 |
T43078 |
prep |
per,squares |
R10760 |
T43081 |
T43082 |
nummod |
10,cm |
R10761 |
T43082 |
T43080 |
pobj |
cm,per |
R10762 |
T43083 |
T43078 |
punct |
),squares |
R10763 |
T43084 |
T43064 |
cc |
and,placed |
R10764 |
T43085 |
T43086 |
det |
the,screen |
R10765 |
T43086 |
T43087 |
nsubjpass |
screen,inverted |
R10766 |
T43087 |
T43064 |
conj |
inverted,placed |
R10767 |
T43088 |
T43087 |
auxpass |
was,inverted |
R10768 |
T43089 |
T43087 |
prep |
to,inverted |
R10769 |
T43090 |
T43091 |
nummod |
180,° |
R10770 |
T43091 |
T43089 |
pobj |
°,to |
R10771 |
T43092 |
T43064 |
punct |
.,placed |
R10772 |
T43094 |
T43095 |
det |
A,score |
R10773 |
T43095 |
T43097 |
nsubjpass |
score,given |
R10774 |
T43096 |
T43095 |
amod |
maximum,score |
R10775 |
T43098 |
T43095 |
prep |
of,score |
R10776 |
T43099 |
T43100 |
nummod |
60,s |
R10777 |
T43100 |
T43098 |
pobj |
s,of |
R10778 |
T43101 |
T43097 |
auxpass |
was,given |
R10779 |
T43102 |
T43103 |
mark |
if,fall |
R10780 |
T43103 |
T43097 |
advcl |
fall,given |
R10781 |
T43104 |
T43105 |
det |
an,animal |
R10782 |
T43105 |
T43103 |
nsubj |
animal,fall |
R10783 |
T43106 |
T43103 |
aux |
did,fall |
R10784 |
T43107 |
T43103 |
neg |
not,fall |
R10785 |
T43108 |
T43097 |
punct |
.,given |
R10786 |
T43110 |
T43111 |
det |
The,tests |
R10787 |
T43111 |
T43112 |
nsubjpass |
tests,designed |
R10788 |
T43113 |
T43111 |
acl |
included,tests |
R10789 |
T43114 |
T43113 |
prep |
in,included |
R10790 |
T43115 |
T43116 |
det |
the,battery |
R10791 |
T43116 |
T43114 |
pobj |
battery,in |
R10792 |
T43117 |
T43116 |
compound |
sensorimotor,battery |
R10793 |
T43118 |
T43119 |
punct |
[,50 |
R10794 |
T43119 |
T43116 |
parataxis |
50,battery |
R10795 |
T43120 |
T43119 |
punct |
],50 |
R10796 |
T43121 |
T43116 |
cc |
and,battery |
R10797 |
T43122 |
T43123 |
amod |
accompanying,protocols |
R10798 |
T43123 |
T43116 |
conj |
protocols,battery |
R10799 |
T43124 |
T43112 |
auxpass |
were,designed |
R10800 |
T43125 |
T43126 |
mark |
as,follows |
R10801 |
T43126 |
T43112 |
advcl |
follows,designed |
R10802 |
T43127 |
T43112 |
punct |
.,designed |
R10803 |
T43129 |
T43130 |
punct |
(,1 |
R10804 |
T43130 |
T43131 |
meta |
1,placed |
R10805 |
T43132 |
T43130 |
punct |
),1 |
R10806 |
T43133 |
T43134 |
amod |
Inclined,screen |
R10807 |
T43134 |
T43135 |
nmod |
screen,tests |
R10808 |
T43135 |
T43131 |
dep |
tests,placed |
R10809 |
T43136 |
T43134 |
cc |
and,screen |
R10810 |
T43137 |
T43138 |
amod |
inverted,screen |
R10811 |
T43138 |
T43134 |
conj |
screen,screen |
R10812 |
T43139 |
T43131 |
punct |
: ,placed |
R10813 |
T43140 |
T43131 |
prep |
For,placed |
R10814 |
T43141 |
T43142 |
det |
the,tests |
R10815 |
T43142 |
T43140 |
pobj |
tests,For |
R10816 |
T43143 |
T43142 |
amod |
inclined,tests |
R10817 |
T43144 |
T43142 |
compound |
screen,tests |
R10818 |
T43145 |
T43131 |
punct |
", ",placed |
R10819 |
T43146 |
T43147 |
det |
each,mouse |
R10820 |
T43147 |
T43131 |
nsubjpass |
mouse,placed |
R10821 |
T43148 |
T43131 |
auxpass |
was,placed |
R10822 |
T43149 |
T43131 |
prep |
on,placed |
R10823 |
T43150 |
T43149 |
pobj |
top,on |
R10824 |
T43151 |
T43150 |
prep |
of,top |
R10825 |
T43152 |
T43153 |
det |
an,grid |
R10826 |
T43153 |
T43151 |
pobj |
grid,of |
R10827 |
T43154 |
T43153 |
amod |
elevated,grid |
R10828 |
T43155 |
T43156 |
punct |
(,above |
R10829 |
T43156 |
T43154 |
parataxis |
above,elevated |
R10830 |
T43157 |
T43158 |
nummod |
47,cm |
R10831 |
T43158 |
T43156 |
npadvmod |
cm,above |
R10832 |
T43159 |
T43160 |
det |
the,floor |
R10833 |
T43160 |
T43156 |
pobj |
floor,above |
R10834 |
T43161 |
T43156 |
punct |
),above |
R10835 |
T43162 |
T43163 |
compound |
wire,mesh |
R10836 |
T43163 |
T43153 |
compound |
mesh,grid |
R10837 |
T43164 |
T43165 |
punct |
(,squares |
R10838 |
T43165 |
T43153 |
parataxis |
squares,grid |
R10839 |
T43166 |
T43165 |
nummod |
16,squares |
R10840 |
T43167 |
T43165 |
prep |
per,squares |
R10841 |
T43168 |
T43169 |
nummod |
10,cm |
R10842 |
T43169 |
T43167 |
pobj |
cm,per |
R10843 |
T43170 |
T43165 |
punct |
),squares |
R10844 |
T43171 |
T43172 |
dep |
that,inclined |
R10845 |
T43172 |
T43153 |
relcl |
inclined,grid |
R10846 |
T43173 |
T43172 |
auxpass |
was,inclined |
R10847 |
T43174 |
T43172 |
prep |
to,inclined |
R10848 |
T43175 |
T43176 |
nummod |
60,° |
R10849 |
T43176 |
T43174 |
pobj |
°,to |
R10850 |
T43177 |
T43176 |
cc |
or,° |
R10851 |
T43178 |
T43179 |
nummod |
90,° |
R10852 |
T43179 |
T43176 |
conj |
°,° |
R10853 |
T43180 |
T43131 |
punct |
.,placed |
R10854 |
T43182 |
T43183 |
det |
Each,animal |
R10855 |
T43183 |
T43184 |
nsubjpass |
animal,placed |
R10856 |
T43185 |
T43184 |
auxpass |
was,placed |
R10857 |
T43186 |
T43184 |
prep |
in,placed |
R10858 |
T43187 |
T43188 |
det |
the,middle |
R10859 |
T43188 |
T43186 |
pobj |
middle,in |
R10860 |
T43189 |
T43188 |
prep |
of,middle |
R10861 |
T43190 |
T43191 |
det |
the,screen |
R10862 |
T43191 |
T43189 |
pobj |
screen,of |
R10863 |
T43192 |
T43193 |
mark |
with,oriented |
R10864 |
T43193 |
T43184 |
advcl |
oriented,placed |
R10865 |
T43194 |
T43195 |
poss |
its,head |
R10866 |
T43195 |
T43193 |
nsubj |
head,oriented |
R10867 |
T43196 |
T43193 |
advmod |
down,oriented |
R10868 |
T43197 |
T43184 |
cc |
and,placed |
R10869 |
T43198 |
T43199 |
auxpass |
was,timed |
R10870 |
T43199 |
T43184 |
conj |
timed,placed |
R10871 |
T43200 |
T43199 |
prep |
for,timed |
R10872 |
T43201 |
T43202 |
advmod |
how,long |
R10873 |
T43202 |
T43203 |
advmod |
long,remained |
R10874 |
T43203 |
T43200 |
pobj |
remained,for |
R10875 |
T43204 |
T43203 |
nsubj |
it,remained |
R10876 |
T43205 |
T43203 |
prep |
on,remained |
R10877 |
T43206 |
T43207 |
det |
the,screen |
R10878 |
T43207 |
T43205 |
pobj |
screen,on |
R10879 |
T43208 |
T43203 |
cc |
and,remained |
R10880 |
T43209 |
T43210 |
advmod |
how,long |
R10881 |
T43210 |
T43211 |
advmod |
long,took |
R10882 |
T43211 |
T43203 |
conj |
took,remained |
R10883 |
T43212 |
T43211 |
nsubj |
it,took |
R10884 |
T43213 |
T43214 |
aux |
to,climb |
R10885 |
T43214 |
T43211 |
advcl |
climb,took |
R10886 |
T43215 |
T43214 |
prep |
to,climb |
R10887 |
T43216 |
T43217 |
det |
the,top |
R10888 |
T43217 |
T43215 |
pobj |
top,to |
R10889 |
T43218 |
T43217 |
prep |
of,top |
R10890 |
T43219 |
T43220 |
det |
the,screen |
R10891 |
T43220 |
T43218 |
pobj |
screen,of |
R10892 |
T43221 |
T43184 |
punct |
.,placed |
R10893 |
T43223 |
T43224 |
prep |
For,placed |
R10894 |
T43225 |
T43226 |
det |
the,test |
R10895 |
T43226 |
T43223 |
pobj |
test,For |
R10896 |
T43227 |
T43226 |
amod |
inverted,test |
R10897 |
T43228 |
T43226 |
compound |
screen,test |
R10898 |
T43229 |
T43224 |
punct |
", ",placed |
R10899 |
T43230 |
T43224 |
nsubjpass |
mice,placed |
R10900 |
T43231 |
T43224 |
auxpass |
were,placed |
R10901 |
T43232 |
T43224 |
prep |
as,placed |
R10902 |
T43233 |
T43232 |
pcomp |
above,as |
R10903 |
T43234 |
T43224 |
cc |
and,placed |
R10904 |
T43235 |
T43236 |
advmod |
then,inverted |
R10905 |
T43236 |
T43224 |
conj |
inverted,placed |
R10906 |
T43237 |
T43238 |
det |
the,screen |
R10907 |
T43238 |
T43236 |
nsubjpass |
screen,inverted |
R10908 |
T43239 |
T43236 |
auxpass |
was,inverted |
R10909 |
T43240 |
T43236 |
prep |
to,inverted |
R10910 |
T43241 |
T43242 |
nummod |
180,° |
R10911 |
T43242 |
T43240 |
pobj |
°,to |
R10912 |
T43243 |
T43236 |
punct |
.,inverted |
R10913 |
T43245 |
T43246 |
det |
A,score |
R10914 |
T43246 |
T43248 |
nsubjpass |
score,given |
R10915 |
T43247 |
T43246 |
amod |
maximum,score |
R10916 |
T43249 |
T43246 |
prep |
of,score |
R10917 |
T43250 |
T43251 |
nummod |
60,s |
R10918 |
T43251 |
T43249 |
pobj |
s,of |
R10919 |
T43252 |
T43248 |
auxpass |
was,given |
R10920 |
T43253 |
T43254 |
mark |
if,fall |
R10921 |
T43254 |
T43248 |
advcl |
fall,given |
R10922 |
T43255 |
T43256 |
det |
an,animal |
R10923 |
T43256 |
T43254 |
nsubj |
animal,fall |
R10924 |
T43257 |
T43254 |
aux |
did,fall |
R10925 |
T43258 |
T43254 |
neg |
not,fall |
R10926 |
T43259 |
T43248 |
punct |
;,given |
R10927 |
T43261 |
T43262 |
punct |
(,2 |
R10928 |
T43262 |
T43263 |
meta |
2,timed |
R10929 |
T43264 |
T43262 |
punct |
),2 |
R10930 |
T43265 |
T43266 |
compound |
Platform,test |
R10931 |
T43266 |
T43263 |
dep |
test,timed |
R10932 |
T43267 |
T43263 |
punct |
: ,timed |
R10933 |
T43268 |
T43269 |
det |
Each,mouse |
R10934 |
T43269 |
T43263 |
nsubjpass |
mouse,timed |
R10935 |
T43270 |
T43263 |
auxpass |
was,timed |
R10936 |
T43271 |
T43263 |
prep |
for,timed |
R10937 |
T43272 |
T43273 |
advmod |
how,long |
R10938 |
T43273 |
T43274 |
advmod |
long,remained |
R10939 |
T43274 |
T43271 |
pcomp |
remained,for |
R10940 |
T43275 |
T43274 |
nsubj |
it,remained |
R10941 |
T43276 |
T43274 |
prep |
on,remained |
R10942 |
T43277 |
T43278 |
det |
an,platform |
R10943 |
T43278 |
T43276 |
pobj |
platform,on |
R10944 |
T43279 |
T43278 |
amod |
elevated,platform |
R10945 |
T43280 |
T43281 |
punct |
(,above |
R10946 |
T43281 |
T43279 |
parataxis |
above,elevated |
R10947 |
T43282 |
T43283 |
nummod |
47,cm |
R10948 |
T43283 |
T43281 |
npadvmod |
cm,above |
R10949 |
T43284 |
T43285 |
det |
the,floor |
R10950 |
T43285 |
T43281 |
pobj |
floor,above |
R10951 |
T43286 |
T43281 |
punct |
),above |
R10952 |
T43287 |
T43278 |
amod |
circular,platform |
R10953 |
T43288 |
T43289 |
punct |
(,thick |
R10954 |
T43289 |
T43278 |
parataxis |
thick,platform |
R10955 |
T43290 |
T43291 |
nummod |
1.0,cm |
R10956 |
T43291 |
T43289 |
npadvmod |
cm,thick |
R10957 |
T43292 |
T43289 |
cc |
and,thick |
R10958 |
T43293 |
T43294 |
nummod |
3.0,cm |
R10959 |
T43294 |
T43289 |
conj |
cm,thick |
R10960 |
T43295 |
T43294 |
prep |
in,cm |
R10961 |
T43296 |
T43295 |
pobj |
diameter,in |
R10962 |
T43297 |
T43289 |
punct |
),thick |
R10963 |
T43298 |
T43263 |
punct |
.,timed |
R10964 |
T43300 |
T43301 |
det |
A,score |
R10965 |
T43301 |
T43303 |
nsubjpass |
score,assigned |
R10966 |
T43302 |
T43301 |
amod |
maximum,score |
R10967 |
T43304 |
T43301 |
prep |
of,score |
R10968 |
T43305 |
T43306 |
nummod |
60,s |
R10969 |
T43306 |
T43304 |
pobj |
s,of |
R10970 |
T43307 |
T43303 |
auxpass |
was,assigned |
R10971 |
T43308 |
T43309 |
mark |
if,remained |
R10972 |
T43309 |
T43303 |
advcl |
remained,assigned |
R10973 |
T43310 |
T43311 |
det |
the,mouse |
R10974 |
T43311 |
T43309 |
nsubj |
mouse,remained |
R10975 |
T43312 |
T43309 |
prep |
on,remained |
R10976 |
T43313 |
T43314 |
det |
the,platform |
R10977 |
T43314 |
T43312 |
pobj |
platform,on |
R10978 |
T43315 |
T43309 |
prep |
for,remained |
R10979 |
T43316 |
T43317 |
det |
the,amount |
R10980 |
T43317 |
T43315 |
pobj |
amount,for |
R10981 |
T43318 |
T43317 |
compound |
maximum,amount |
R10982 |
T43319 |
T43317 |
prep |
of,amount |
R10983 |
T43320 |
T43319 |
pobj |
time,of |
R10984 |
T43321 |
T43309 |
cc |
or,remained |
R10985 |
T43322 |
T43323 |
mark |
if,climb |
R10986 |
T43323 |
T43309 |
conj |
climb,remained |
R10987 |
T43324 |
T43323 |
nsubj |
it,climb |
R10988 |
T43325 |
T43323 |
aux |
could,climb |
R10989 |
T43326 |
T43323 |
advmod |
down,climb |
R10990 |
T43327 |
T43323 |
prep |
on,climb |
R10991 |
T43328 |
T43329 |
det |
a,pole |
R10992 |
T43329 |
T43327 |
pobj |
pole,on |
R10993 |
T43330 |
T43331 |
advmod |
very,thin |
R10994 |
T43331 |
T43329 |
amod |
thin,pole |
R10995 |
T43332 |
T43333 |
dep |
that,supported |
R10996 |
T43333 |
T43329 |
relcl |
supported,pole |
R10997 |
T43334 |
T43335 |
det |
the,platform |
R10998 |
T43335 |
T43333 |
dobj |
platform,supported |
R10999 |
T43336 |
T43323 |
punct |
", ",climb |
R11000 |
T43337 |
T43323 |
prep |
without,climb |
R11001 |
T43338 |
T43337 |
pcomp |
falling,without |
R11002 |
T43339 |
T43303 |
punct |
;,assigned |
R11003 |
T43341 |
T43342 |
punct |
(,3 |
R11004 |
T43342 |
T43343 |
meta |
3,timed |
R11005 |
T43344 |
T43342 |
punct |
),3 |
R11006 |
T43345 |
T43346 |
compound |
Ledge,test |
R11007 |
T43346 |
T43343 |
dep |
test,timed |
R11008 |
T43347 |
T43343 |
punct |
: ,timed |
R11009 |
T43348 |
T43349 |
det |
Each,mouse |
R11010 |
T43349 |
T43343 |
nsubjpass |
mouse,timed |
R11011 |
T43350 |
T43343 |
auxpass |
was,timed |
R11012 |
T43351 |
T43343 |
prep |
for,timed |
R11013 |
T43352 |
T43353 |
advmod |
how,long |
R11014 |
T43353 |
T43354 |
advmod |
long,maintain |
R11015 |
T43354 |
T43351 |
pcomp |
maintain,for |
R11016 |
T43355 |
T43354 |
nsubj |
it,maintain |
R11017 |
T43356 |
T43354 |
aux |
could,maintain |
R11018 |
T43357 |
T43358 |
poss |
its,balance |
R11019 |
T43358 |
T43354 |
dobj |
balance,maintain |
R11020 |
T43359 |
T43354 |
prep |
on,maintain |
R11021 |
T43360 |
T43361 |
det |
a,ledge |
R11022 |
T43361 |
T43359 |
pobj |
ledge,on |
R11023 |
T43362 |
T43363 |
nummod |
0.75,cm |
R11024 |
T43363 |
T43365 |
npadvmod |
cm,wide |
R11025 |
T43364 |
T43363 |
punct |
-,cm |
R11026 |
T43365 |
T43361 |
amod |
wide,ledge |
R11027 |
T43366 |
T43361 |
compound |
Plexiglas,ledge |
R11028 |
T43367 |
T43354 |
prep |
without,maintain |
R11029 |
T43368 |
T43367 |
pcomp |
falling,without |
R11030 |
T43369 |
T43370 |
punct |
(,maximum |
R11031 |
T43370 |
T43354 |
parataxis |
maximum,maintain |
R11032 |
T43371 |
T43372 |
nummod |
60,s |
R11033 |
T43372 |
T43370 |
compound |
s,maximum |
R11034 |
T43373 |
T43370 |
punct |
),maximum |
R11035 |
T43374 |
T43343 |
punct |
.,timed |
R11036 |
T43376 |
T43377 |
det |
A,score |
R11037 |
T43377 |
T43378 |
nsubjpass |
score,assigned |
R11038 |
T43379 |
T43377 |
prep |
of,score |
R11039 |
T43380 |
T43381 |
nummod |
60,s |
R11040 |
T43381 |
T43379 |
pobj |
s,of |
R11041 |
T43382 |
T43378 |
auxpass |
was,assigned |
R11042 |
T43383 |
T43378 |
advmod |
also,assigned |
R11043 |
T43384 |
T43385 |
mark |
if,traversed |
R11044 |
T43385 |
T43378 |
advcl |
traversed,assigned |
R11045 |
T43386 |
T43387 |
det |
the,mouse |
R11046 |
T43387 |
T43385 |
nsubj |
mouse,traversed |
R11047 |
T43388 |
T43389 |
det |
the,length |
R11048 |
T43389 |
T43385 |
dobj |
length,traversed |
R11049 |
T43390 |
T43389 |
amod |
entire,length |
R11050 |
T43391 |
T43389 |
punct |
(,length |
R11051 |
T43392 |
T43393 |
nummod |
51,cm |
R11052 |
T43393 |
T43389 |
appos |
cm,length |
R11053 |
T43394 |
T43389 |
punct |
),length |
R11054 |
T43395 |
T43389 |
prep |
of,length |
R11055 |
T43396 |
T43397 |
det |
the,ledge |
R11056 |
T43397 |
T43395 |
pobj |
ledge,of |
R11057 |
T43398 |
T43397 |
compound |
Plexiglas,ledge |
R11058 |
T43399 |
T43385 |
cc |
and,traversed |
R11059 |
T43400 |
T43385 |
conj |
returned,traversed |
R11060 |
T43401 |
T43400 |
prep |
to,returned |
R11061 |
T43402 |
T43403 |
det |
the,place |
R11062 |
T43403 |
T43401 |
pobj |
place,to |
R11063 |
T43404 |
T43403 |
compound |
starting,place |
R11064 |
T43405 |
T43400 |
prep |
in,returned |
R11065 |
T43406 |
T43407 |
amod |
less,60 |
R11066 |
T43407 |
T43409 |
nummod |
60,s |
R11067 |
T43408 |
T43407 |
quantmod |
than,60 |
R11068 |
T43409 |
T43405 |
pobj |
s,in |
R11069 |
T43410 |
T43400 |
prep |
without,returned |
R11070 |
T43411 |
T43410 |
pcomp |
falling,without |
R11071 |
T43412 |
T43378 |
punct |
;,assigned |
R11072 |
T43414 |
T43415 |
punct |
(,4 |
R11073 |
T43415 |
T43416 |
meta |
4,test |
R11074 |
T43417 |
T43415 |
punct |
),4 |
R11075 |
T43418 |
T43416 |
compound |
Walking,test |
R11076 |
T43419 |
T43416 |
compound |
initiation,test |
R11077 |
T43420 |
T43416 |
punct |
: ,test |
R11078 |
T43421 |
T43422 |
det |
Each,mouse |
R11079 |
T43422 |
T43423 |
nsubjpass |
mouse,placed |
R11080 |
T43423 |
T43416 |
conj |
placed,test |
R11081 |
T43424 |
T43423 |
auxpass |
was,placed |
R11082 |
T43425 |
T43423 |
prep |
in,placed |
R11083 |
T43426 |
T43427 |
det |
the,middle |
R11084 |
T43427 |
T43425 |
pobj |
middle,in |
R11085 |
T43428 |
T43427 |
prep |
of,middle |
R11086 |
T43429 |
T43430 |
det |
a,square |
R11087 |
T43430 |
T43428 |
pobj |
square,of |
R11088 |
T43431 |
T43430 |
acl |
outlined,square |
R11089 |
T43432 |
T43431 |
agent |
by,outlined |
R11090 |
T43433 |
T43434 |
amod |
white,tape |
R11091 |
T43434 |
T43432 |
pobj |
tape,by |
R11092 |
T43435 |
T43434 |
compound |
cloth,tape |
R11093 |
T43436 |
T43437 |
punct |
(,cm |
R11094 |
T43437 |
T43434 |
parataxis |
cm,tape |
R11095 |
T43438 |
T43437 |
nummod |
21,cm |
R11096 |
T43439 |
T43440 |
punct |
×,cm |
R11097 |
T43440 |
T43437 |
prep |
cm,cm |
R11098 |
T43441 |
T43440 |
nummod |
21,cm |
R11099 |
T43442 |
T43437 |
punct |
),cm |
R11100 |
T43443 |
T43423 |
prep |
on,placed |
R11101 |
T43444 |
T43445 |
det |
a,surface |
R11102 |
T43445 |
T43443 |
pobj |
surface,on |
R11103 |
T43446 |
T43445 |
amod |
smooth,surface |
R11104 |
T43447 |
T43445 |
amod |
black,surface |
R11105 |
T43448 |
T43445 |
prep |
of,surface |
R11106 |
T43449 |
T43450 |
det |
a,tabletop |
R11107 |
T43450 |
T43448 |
pobj |
tabletop,of |
R11108 |
T43451 |
T43450 |
amod |
large,tabletop |
R11109 |
T43452 |
T43423 |
cc |
.,placed |
R11110 |
T43454 |
T43455 |
det |
The,time |
R11111 |
T43455 |
T43456 |
nsubjpass |
time,recorded |
R11112 |
T43457 |
T43458 |
nsubj |
it,took |
R11113 |
T43458 |
T43455 |
advcl |
took,time |
R11114 |
T43459 |
T43460 |
det |
each,mouse |
R11115 |
T43460 |
T43461 |
nsubj |
mouse,leave |
R11116 |
T43461 |
T43458 |
ccomp |
leave,took |
R11117 |
T43462 |
T43461 |
aux |
to,leave |
R11118 |
T43463 |
T43464 |
det |
the,square |
R11119 |
T43464 |
T43461 |
dobj |
square,leave |
R11120 |
T43465 |
T43461 |
punct |
(,leave |
R11121 |
T43466 |
T43461 |
dep |
place,leave |
R11122 |
T43467 |
T43468 |
det |
all,paws |
R11123 |
T43468 |
T43466 |
dobj |
paws,place |
R11124 |
T43469 |
T43468 |
nummod |
four,paws |
R11125 |
T43470 |
T43466 |
advmod |
outside,place |
R11126 |
T43471 |
T43470 |
prep |
of,outside |
R11127 |
T43472 |
T43473 |
det |
the,tape |
R11128 |
T43473 |
T43471 |
pobj |
tape,of |
R11129 |
T43474 |
T43456 |
punct |
),recorded |
R11130 |
T43475 |
T43456 |
auxpass |
was,recorded |
R11131 |
T43476 |
T43456 |
punct |
.,recorded |
R11132 |
T43478 |
T43479 |
det |
The,time |
R11133 |
T43479 |
T43481 |
nsubj |
time,was |
R11134 |
T43480 |
T43479 |
amod |
maximum,time |
R11135 |
T43482 |
T43479 |
acl |
allowed,time |
R11136 |
T43483 |
T43484 |
nummod |
60,s |
R11137 |
T43484 |
T43481 |
attr |
s,was |
R11138 |
T43485 |
T43481 |
punct |
.,was |
R11139 |
T43487 |
T43488 |
quantmod |
6,8 |
R11140 |
T43488 |
T43490 |
nummod |
8,mo |
R11141 |
T43489 |
T43488 |
punct |
–,8 |
R11142 |
T43490 |
T43492 |
npadvmod |
mo,old |
R11143 |
T43491 |
T43490 |
punct |
-,mo |
R11144 |
T43492 |
T43494 |
amod |
old,mice |
R11145 |
T43493 |
T43492 |
punct |
-,old |
R11146 |
T43494 |
T43518 |
nsubjpass |
mice,run |
R11147 |
T43495 |
T43496 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R11148 |
T43496 |
T43494 |
nmod |
1α,mice |
R11149 |
T43497 |
T43496 |
punct |
-,1α |
R11150 |
T43498 |
T43496 |
punct |
+,1α |
R11151 |
T43499 |
T43496 |
punct |
/,1α |
R11152 |
T43500 |
T43496 |
punct |
+,1α |
R11153 |
T43501 |
T43502 |
punct |
(,4 |
R11154 |
T43502 |
T43496 |
parataxis |
4,1α |
R11155 |
T43503 |
T43502 |
nsubj |
n,4 |
R11156 |
T43504 |
T43502 |
punct |
=,4 |
R11157 |
T43505 |
T43502 |
punct |
),4 |
R11158 |
T43506 |
T43496 |
cc |
and,1α |
R11159 |
T43507 |
T43508 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R11160 |
T43508 |
T43496 |
conj |
1α,1α |
R11161 |
T43509 |
T43508 |
punct |
-,1α |
R11162 |
T43510 |
T43508 |
punct |
−,1α |
R11163 |
T43511 |
T43508 |
punct |
/,1α |
R11164 |
T43512 |
T43508 |
punct |
−,1α |
R11165 |
T43513 |
T43514 |
punct |
(,8 |
R11166 |
T43514 |
T43508 |
parataxis |
8,1α |
R11167 |
T43515 |
T43514 |
nsubj |
n,8 |
R11168 |
T43516 |
T43514 |
punct |
=,8 |
R11169 |
T43517 |
T43514 |
punct |
),8 |
R11170 |
T43519 |
T43518 |
auxpass |
were,run |
R11171 |
T43520 |
T43518 |
prep |
to,run |
R11172 |
T43521 |
T43520 |
pobj |
exhaustion,to |
R11173 |
T43522 |
T43518 |
advcl |
employing,run |
R11174 |
T43523 |
T43524 |
det |
a,system |
R11175 |
T43524 |
T43522 |
dobj |
system,employing |
R11176 |
T43525 |
T43524 |
amod |
motorized,system |
R11177 |
T43526 |
T43524 |
punct |
", ",system |
R11178 |
T43527 |
T43528 |
npadvmod |
speed,controlled |
R11179 |
T43528 |
T43524 |
amod |
controlled,system |
R11180 |
T43529 |
T43524 |
punct |
", ",system |
R11181 |
T43530 |
T43524 |
amod |
modular,system |
R11182 |
T43531 |
T43524 |
compound |
treadmill,system |
R11183 |
T43532 |
T43533 |
punct |
(,Instruments |
R11184 |
T43533 |
T43524 |
parataxis |
Instruments,system |
R11185 |
T43534 |
T43533 |
compound |
Columbus,Instruments |
R11186 |
T43535 |
T43533 |
punct |
),Instruments |
R11187 |
T43536 |
T43518 |
punct |
.,run |
R11188 |
T43538 |
T43539 |
det |
The,treadmill |
R11189 |
T43539 |
T43540 |
nsubjpass |
treadmill,equipped |
R11190 |
T43541 |
T43540 |
auxpass |
was,equipped |
R11191 |
T43542 |
T43540 |
prep |
with,equipped |
R11192 |
T43543 |
T43544 |
det |
an,stimulus |
R11193 |
T43544 |
T43542 |
pobj |
stimulus,with |
R11194 |
T43545 |
T43546 |
amod |
electric,shock |
R11195 |
T43546 |
T43544 |
compound |
shock,stimulus |
R11196 |
T43547 |
T43544 |
cc |
and,stimulus |
R11197 |
T43548 |
T43549 |
det |
an,angle |
R11198 |
T43549 |
T43544 |
conj |
angle,stimulus |
R11199 |
T43550 |
T43549 |
amod |
adjustable,angle |
R11200 |
T43551 |
T43549 |
compound |
inclination,angle |
R11201 |
T43552 |
T43540 |
punct |
.,equipped |
R11202 |
T43554 |
T43555 |
compound |
Running,velocity |
R11203 |
T43555 |
T43556 |
nsubjpass |
velocity,set |
R11204 |
T43557 |
T43556 |
auxpass |
was,set |
R11205 |
T43558 |
T43556 |
prep |
at,set |
R11206 |
T43559 |
T43560 |
nummod |
35,m |
R11207 |
T43560 |
T43558 |
pobj |
m,at |
R11208 |
T43561 |
T43562 |
punct |
/,min |
R11209 |
T43562 |
T43560 |
prep |
min,m |
R11210 |
T43563 |
T43556 |
punct |
", ",set |
R11211 |
T43564 |
T43556 |
prep |
with,set |
R11212 |
T43565 |
T43566 |
det |
a,angle |
R11213 |
T43566 |
T43564 |
pobj |
angle,with |
R11214 |
T43567 |
T43566 |
compound |
level,angle |
R11215 |
T43568 |
T43566 |
compound |
inclination,angle |
R11216 |
T43569 |
T43556 |
punct |
.,set |
R11217 |
T44022 |
T44023 |
compound |
VO2max,studies |
R11218 |
T44025 |
T44026 |
nsubjpass |
VO2max,determined |
R11219 |
T44027 |
T44026 |
auxpass |
was,determined |
R11220 |
T44028 |
T44029 |
mark |
while,running |
R11221 |
T44029 |
T44026 |
advcl |
running,determined |
R11222 |
T44030 |
T44031 |
det |
the,mice |
R11223 |
T44031 |
T44029 |
nsubj |
mice,running |
R11224 |
T44032 |
T44029 |
aux |
were,running |
R11225 |
T44033 |
T44029 |
prep |
on,running |
R11226 |
T44034 |
T44035 |
det |
a,treadmill |
R11227 |
T44035 |
T44033 |
pobj |
treadmill,on |
R11228 |
T44036 |
T44026 |
advcl |
using,determined |
R11229 |
T44037 |
T44038 |
det |
an,system |
R11230 |
T44038 |
T44036 |
dobj |
system,using |
R11231 |
T44039 |
T44040 |
amod |
open,flow |
R11232 |
T44040 |
T44038 |
compound |
flow,system |
R11233 |
T44041 |
T44042 |
punct |
(,System |
R11234 |
T44042 |
T44038 |
parataxis |
System,system |
R11235 |
T44043 |
T44042 |
compound |
Columbus,System |
R11236 |
T44044 |
T44042 |
compound |
Instruments,System |
R11237 |
T44045 |
T44042 |
compound |
Oxymax,System |
R11238 |
T44046 |
T44042 |
punct |
),System |
R11239 |
T44047 |
T44026 |
punct |
.,determined |
R11240 |
T44049 |
T44050 |
det |
All,measurements |
R11241 |
T44050 |
T44051 |
nsubj |
measurements,took |
R11242 |
T44052 |
T44050 |
prep |
of,measurements |
R11243 |
T44053 |
T44054 |
compound |
oxygen,consumption |
R11244 |
T44054 |
T44052 |
pobj |
consumption,of |
R11245 |
T44055 |
T44051 |
dobj |
place,took |
R11246 |
T44056 |
T44051 |
prep |
at,took |
R11247 |
T44057 |
T44058 |
det |
an,elevation |
R11248 |
T44058 |
T44056 |
pobj |
elevation,at |
R11249 |
T44059 |
T44058 |
prep |
of,elevation |
R11250 |
T44060 |
T44061 |
nummod |
150,m |
R11251 |
T44061 |
T44059 |
pobj |
m,of |
R11252 |
T44062 |
T44063 |
punct |
(,torr |
R11253 |
T44063 |
T44051 |
parataxis |
torr,took |
R11254 |
T44064 |
T44065 |
compound |
ambient,PBAR |
R11255 |
T44065 |
T44063 |
nsubj |
PBAR,torr |
R11256 |
T44066 |
T44063 |
punct |
=,torr |
R11257 |
T44067 |
T44063 |
nummod |
745,torr |
R11258 |
T44068 |
T44063 |
punct |
),torr |
R11259 |
T44069 |
T44051 |
punct |
.,took |
R11260 |
T44071 |
T44072 |
nsubjpass |
Animals,placed |
R11261 |
T44073 |
T44072 |
auxpass |
were,placed |
R11262 |
T44074 |
T44072 |
prep |
into,placed |
R11263 |
T44075 |
T44076 |
det |
the,chamber |
R11264 |
T44076 |
T44074 |
pobj |
chamber,into |
R11265 |
T44077 |
T44076 |
amod |
metabolic,chamber |
R11266 |
T44078 |
T44072 |
prep |
for,placed |
R11267 |
T44079 |
T44080 |
quantmod |
3,5 |
R11268 |
T44080 |
T44082 |
nummod |
5,min |
R11269 |
T44081 |
T44080 |
punct |
–,5 |
R11270 |
T44082 |
T44078 |
pobj |
min,for |
R11271 |
T44083 |
T44084 |
aux |
to,allow |
R11272 |
T44084 |
T44072 |
advcl |
allow,placed |
R11273 |
T44085 |
T44086 |
det |
the,system |
R11274 |
T44086 |
T44084 |
dobj |
system,allow |
R11275 |
T44087 |
T44088 |
aux |
to,equilibrate |
R11276 |
T44088 |
T44084 |
xcomp |
equilibrate,allow |
R11277 |
T44089 |
T44072 |
punct |
.,placed |
R11278 |
T44091 |
T44092 |
nsubjpass |
Mice,induced |
R11279 |
T44093 |
T44092 |
auxpass |
were,induced |
R11280 |
T44094 |
T44092 |
advmod |
then,induced |
R11281 |
T44095 |
T44096 |
aux |
to,run |
R11282 |
T44096 |
T44092 |
xcomp |
run,induced |
R11283 |
T44097 |
T44096 |
prep |
up,run |
R11284 |
T44098 |
T44099 |
det |
an,incline |
R11285 |
T44099 |
T44097 |
pobj |
incline,up |
R11286 |
T44100 |
T44101 |
nummod |
18,° |
R11287 |
T44101 |
T44099 |
compound |
°,incline |
R11288 |
T44102 |
T44096 |
prep |
at,run |
R11289 |
T44103 |
T44104 |
det |
a,speed |
R11290 |
T44104 |
T44102 |
pobj |
speed,at |
R11291 |
T44105 |
T44104 |
prep |
of,speed |
R11292 |
T44106 |
T44107 |
nummod |
40,m |
R11293 |
T44107 |
T44105 |
pobj |
m,of |
R11294 |
T44108 |
T44109 |
punct |
/,min |
R11295 |
T44109 |
T44107 |
prep |
min,m |
R11296 |
T44110 |
T44096 |
advcl |
using,run |
R11297 |
T44111 |
T44112 |
det |
a,grid |
R11298 |
T44112 |
T44110 |
dobj |
grid,using |
R11299 |
T44113 |
T44112 |
compound |
shock,grid |
R11300 |
T44114 |
T44112 |
prep |
in,grid |
R11301 |
T44115 |
T44116 |
det |
the,rear |
R11302 |
T44116 |
T44114 |
pobj |
rear,in |
R11303 |
T44117 |
T44116 |
prep |
of,rear |
R11304 |
T44118 |
T44119 |
det |
the,chamber |
R11305 |
T44119 |
T44117 |
pobj |
chamber,of |
R11306 |
T44120 |
T44092 |
punct |
.,induced |
R11307 |
T44122 |
T44123 |
det |
The,speed |
R11308 |
T44123 |
T44124 |
nsubjpass |
speed,increased |
R11309 |
T44125 |
T44124 |
auxpass |
was,increased |
R11310 |
T44126 |
T44124 |
prep |
by,increased |
R11311 |
T44127 |
T44128 |
nummod |
5,m |
R11312 |
T44128 |
T44126 |
pobj |
m,by |
R11313 |
T44129 |
T44130 |
punct |
/,min |
R11314 |
T44130 |
T44128 |
prep |
min,m |
R11315 |
T44131 |
T44132 |
det |
every,min |
R11316 |
T44132 |
T44124 |
npadvmod |
min,increased |
R11317 |
T44133 |
T44132 |
nummod |
2,min |
R11318 |
T44134 |
T44135 |
mark |
until,were |
R11319 |
T44135 |
T44124 |
advcl |
were,increased |
R11320 |
T44136 |
T44137 |
det |
the,animals |
R11321 |
T44137 |
T44135 |
nsubj |
animals,were |
R11322 |
T44138 |
T44135 |
acomp |
unable,were |
R11323 |
T44139 |
T44140 |
aux |
to,continue |
R11324 |
T44140 |
T44138 |
xcomp |
continue,unable |
R11325 |
T44141 |
T44124 |
punct |
.,increased |
R11326 |
T44143 |
T44144 |
amod |
Maximal,effort |
R11327 |
T44144 |
T44145 |
nsubjpass |
effort,determined |
R11328 |
T44146 |
T44145 |
auxpass |
was,determined |
R11329 |
T44147 |
T44148 |
advmod |
when,increase |
R11330 |
T44148 |
T44145 |
advcl |
increase,determined |
R11331 |
T44149 |
T44150 |
compound |
oxygen,uptake |
R11332 |
T44150 |
T44148 |
nsubj |
uptake,increase |
R11333 |
T44151 |
T44148 |
aux |
did,increase |
R11334 |
T44152 |
T44148 |
neg |
not,increase |
R11335 |
T44153 |
T44148 |
prep |
with,increase |
R11336 |
T44154 |
T44155 |
compound |
power,output |
R11337 |
T44155 |
T44153 |
pobj |
output,with |
R11338 |
T44156 |
T44148 |
cc |
and,increase |
R11339 |
T44157 |
T44158 |
advmod |
subsequently,failed |
R11340 |
T44158 |
T44148 |
conj |
failed,increase |
R11341 |
T44159 |
T44160 |
det |
the,mouse |
R11342 |
T44160 |
T44158 |
nsubj |
mouse,failed |
R11343 |
T44161 |
T44162 |
aux |
to,maintain |
R11344 |
T44162 |
T44158 |
xcomp |
maintain,failed |
R11345 |
T44163 |
T44162 |
dobj |
effort,maintain |
R11346 |
T44164 |
T44145 |
punct |
.,determined |
R11347 |
T44166 |
T44167 |
nsubjpass |
VO2max,calculated |
R11348 |
T44168 |
T44167 |
auxpass |
was,calculated |
R11349 |
T44169 |
T44167 |
advcl |
using,calculated |
R11350 |
T44170 |
T44171 |
det |
the,values |
R11351 |
T44171 |
T44169 |
dobj |
values,using |
R11352 |
T44172 |
T44171 |
amod |
averaged,values |
R11353 |
T44173 |
T44169 |
prep |
over,using |
R11354 |
T44174 |
T44175 |
nummod |
1,min |
R11355 |
T44175 |
T44173 |
pobj |
min,over |
R11356 |
T44176 |
T44177 |
prep |
during,reached |
R11357 |
T44177 |
T44175 |
relcl |
reached,min |
R11358 |
T44178 |
T44176 |
pobj |
which,during |
R11359 |
T44179 |
T44180 |
det |
the,animal |
R11360 |
T44180 |
T44181 |
poss |
animal,consumption |
R11361 |
T44181 |
T44177 |
nsubj |
consumption,reached |
R11362 |
T44182 |
T44180 |
case |
's,animal |
R11363 |
T44183 |
T44181 |
compound |
O2,consumption |
R11364 |
T44184 |
T44185 |
det |
a,plateau |
R11365 |
T44185 |
T44177 |
dobj |
plateau,reached |
R11366 |
T44186 |
T44167 |
punct |
.,calculated |
R11367 |
T44806 |
T44807 |
amod |
Isolated,studies |
R11368 |
T44808 |
T44807 |
compound |
muscle,studies |
R11369 |
T44809 |
T44807 |
compound |
stimulation,studies |
R11370 |
T44811 |
T44812 |
nsubjpass |
Animals,anesthetized |
R11371 |
T44813 |
T44812 |
auxpass |
were,anesthetized |
R11372 |
T44814 |
T44812 |
prep |
with,anesthetized |
R11373 |
T44815 |
T44816 |
compound |
ketamine,xylazine |
R11374 |
T44816 |
T44814 |
pobj |
xylazine,with |
R11375 |
T44817 |
T44816 |
punct |
/,xylazine |
R11376 |
T44818 |
T44812 |
cc |
and,anesthetized |
R11377 |
T44819 |
T44820 |
det |
the,muscle |
R11378 |
T44820 |
T44822 |
nsubjpass |
muscle,removed |
R11379 |
T44821 |
T44820 |
compound |
soleus,muscle |
R11380 |
T44822 |
T44812 |
conj |
removed,anesthetized |
R11381 |
T44823 |
T44822 |
auxpass |
was,removed |
R11382 |
T44824 |
T44822 |
prep |
from,removed |
R11383 |
T44825 |
T44826 |
nummod |
one,leg |
R11384 |
T44826 |
T44824 |
pobj |
leg,from |
R11385 |
T44827 |
T44822 |
punct |
.,removed |
R11386 |
T44829 |
T44830 |
prep |
Upon,suspended |
R11387 |
T44831 |
T44829 |
pobj |
removal,Upon |
R11388 |
T44832 |
T44830 |
punct |
", ",suspended |
R11389 |
T44833 |
T44834 |
det |
the,muscle |
R11390 |
T44834 |
T44830 |
nsubjpass |
muscle,suspended |
R11391 |
T44835 |
T44830 |
auxpass |
was,suspended |
R11392 |
T44836 |
T44830 |
prep |
in,suspended |
R11393 |
T44837 |
T44838 |
det |
a,solution |
R11394 |
T44838 |
T44836 |
pobj |
solution,in |
R11395 |
T44839 |
T44838 |
compound |
Krebs,solution |
R11396 |
T44840 |
T44838 |
acl |
aerated,solution |
R11397 |
T44841 |
T44840 |
prep |
with,aerated |
R11398 |
T44842 |
T44843 |
nummod |
95,% |
R11399 |
T44843 |
T44844 |
compound |
%,O2 |
R11400 |
T44844 |
T44841 |
pobj |
O2,with |
R11401 |
T44845 |
T44844 |
cc |
and,O2 |
R11402 |
T44846 |
T44847 |
nummod |
5,% |
R11403 |
T44847 |
T44848 |
compound |
%,CO2 |
R11404 |
T44848 |
T44844 |
conj |
CO2,O2 |
R11405 |
T44849 |
T44830 |
punct |
.,suspended |
R11406 |
T44851 |
T44852 |
det |
The,muscle |
R11407 |
T44852 |
T44853 |
nsubjpass |
muscle,suspended |
R11408 |
T44854 |
T44852 |
cc |
and,muscle |
R11409 |
T44855 |
T44856 |
compound |
Krebs,solution |
R11410 |
T44856 |
T44852 |
conj |
solution,muscle |
R11411 |
T44857 |
T44853 |
auxpass |
were,suspended |
R11412 |
T44858 |
T44853 |
prep |
within,suspended |
R11413 |
T44859 |
T44860 |
det |
a,bath |
R11414 |
T44860 |
T44858 |
pobj |
bath,within |
R11415 |
T44861 |
T44860 |
compound |
water,bath |
R11416 |
T44862 |
T44860 |
acl |
maintained,bath |
R11417 |
T44863 |
T44862 |
prep |
at,maintained |
R11418 |
T44864 |
T44865 |
nummod |
37,°C |
R11419 |
T44865 |
T44863 |
pobj |
°C,at |
R11420 |
T44866 |
T44853 |
punct |
", ",suspended |
R11421 |
T44867 |
T44853 |
cc |
and,suspended |
R11422 |
T44868 |
T44869 |
det |
the,muscle |
R11423 |
T44869 |
T44870 |
nsubjpass |
muscle,anchored |
R11424 |
T44870 |
T44853 |
conj |
anchored,suspended |
R11425 |
T44871 |
T44870 |
auxpass |
was,anchored |
R11426 |
T44872 |
T44870 |
prep |
to,anchored |
R11427 |
T44873 |
T44874 |
det |
a,transducer |
R11428 |
T44874 |
T44872 |
pobj |
transducer,to |
R11429 |
T44875 |
T44874 |
nmod |
Grass,transducer |
R11430 |
T44876 |
T44877 |
punct |
(,Warwick |
R11431 |
T44877 |
T44875 |
parataxis |
Warwick,Grass |
R11432 |
T44878 |
T44877 |
compound |
West,Warwick |
R11433 |
T44879 |
T44877 |
punct |
", ",Warwick |
R11434 |
T44880 |
T44881 |
compound |
Rhode,Island |
R11435 |
T44881 |
T44877 |
npadvmod |
Island,Warwick |
R11436 |
T44882 |
T44877 |
punct |
", ",Warwick |
R11437 |
T44883 |
T44884 |
compound |
United,States |
R11438 |
T44884 |
T44877 |
npadvmod |
States,Warwick |
R11439 |
T44885 |
T44877 |
punct |
),Warwick |
R11440 |
T44886 |
T44874 |
amod |
isometric,transducer |
R11441 |
T44887 |
T44874 |
compound |
force,transducer |
R11442 |
T44888 |
T44889 |
punct |
(,FTO3C |
R11443 |
T44889 |
T44874 |
parataxis |
FTO3C,transducer |
R11444 |
T44890 |
T44889 |
compound |
model,FTO3C |
R11445 |
T44891 |
T44889 |
punct |
),FTO3C |
R11446 |
T44892 |
T44870 |
punct |
.,anchored |
R11447 |
T44894 |
T44895 |
nsubjpass |
Muscles,stimulated |
R11448 |
T44896 |
T44895 |
auxpass |
were,stimulated |
R11449 |
T44897 |
T44898 |
aux |
to,contract |
R11450 |
T44898 |
T44895 |
advcl |
contract,stimulated |
R11451 |
T44899 |
T44895 |
prep |
with,stimulated |
R11452 |
T44900 |
T44901 |
det |
a,stimulator |
R11453 |
T44901 |
T44899 |
pobj |
stimulator,with |
R11454 |
T44902 |
T44901 |
compound |
Grass,stimulator |
R11455 |
T44903 |
T44904 |
punct |
(,S88 |
R11456 |
T44904 |
T44901 |
parataxis |
S88,stimulator |
R11457 |
T44905 |
T44904 |
compound |
model,S88 |
R11458 |
T44906 |
T44904 |
punct |
),S88 |
R11459 |
T44907 |
T44901 |
acl |
generating,stimulator |
R11460 |
T44908 |
T44909 |
det |
a,stimulus |
R11461 |
T44909 |
T44907 |
dobj |
stimulus,generating |
R11462 |
T44910 |
T44909 |
compound |
field,stimulus |
R11463 |
T44911 |
T44907 |
prep |
through,generating |
R11464 |
T44912 |
T44911 |
pobj |
electrodes,through |
R11465 |
T44913 |
T44912 |
acl |
located,electrodes |
R11466 |
T44914 |
T44913 |
prep |
at,located |
R11467 |
T44915 |
T44916 |
det |
both,ends |
R11468 |
T44916 |
T44914 |
pobj |
ends,at |
R11469 |
T44917 |
T44916 |
prep |
of,ends |
R11470 |
T44918 |
T44919 |
det |
the,muscle |
R11471 |
T44919 |
T44917 |
pobj |
muscle,of |
R11472 |
T44920 |
T44895 |
punct |
.,stimulated |
R11473 |
T44922 |
T44923 |
nmod |
Force,voltage |
R11474 |
T44923 |
T44925 |
nmod |
voltage,relationships |
R11475 |
T44924 |
T44923 |
punct |
-,voltage |
R11476 |
T44925 |
T44938 |
nsubjpass |
relationships,determined |
R11477 |
T44926 |
T44923 |
punct |
(,voltage |
R11478 |
T44927 |
T44928 |
amod |
maximal,force |
R11479 |
T44928 |
T44923 |
appos |
force,voltage |
R11480 |
T44929 |
T44928 |
prep |
at,force |
R11481 |
T44930 |
T44931 |
amod |
about,100 |
R11482 |
T44931 |
T44932 |
nummod |
100,V |
R11483 |
T44932 |
T44929 |
pobj |
V,at |
R11484 |
T44933 |
T44923 |
punct |
),voltage |
R11485 |
T44934 |
T44923 |
cc |
and,voltage |
R11486 |
T44935 |
T44936 |
compound |
length,tension |
R11487 |
T44936 |
T44923 |
conj |
tension,voltage |
R11488 |
T44937 |
T44936 |
punct |
-,tension |
R11489 |
T44939 |
T44938 |
auxpass |
were,determined |
R11490 |
T44940 |
T44938 |
advcl |
using,determined |
R11491 |
T44941 |
T44942 |
amod |
single,twitch |
R11492 |
T44942 |
T44943 |
compound |
twitch,stimuli |
R11493 |
T44943 |
T44940 |
dobj |
stimuli,using |
R11494 |
T44944 |
T44938 |
punct |
.,determined |
R11495 |
T44946 |
T44947 |
det |
The,stimulator |
R11496 |
T44947 |
T44948 |
nsubj |
stimulator,delivered |
R11497 |
T44949 |
T44948 |
advmod |
then,delivered |
R11498 |
T44950 |
T44951 |
amod |
repeating,trains |
R11499 |
T44951 |
T44948 |
dobj |
trains,delivered |
R11500 |
T44952 |
T44951 |
prep |
of,trains |
R11501 |
T44953 |
T44952 |
pobj |
stimuli,of |
R11502 |
T44954 |
T44948 |
prep |
at,delivered |
R11503 |
T44955 |
T44954 |
pobj |
one,at |
R11504 |
T44956 |
T44955 |
prep |
per,one |
R11505 |
T44957 |
T44956 |
pobj |
second,per |
R11506 |
T44958 |
T44948 |
prep |
at,delivered |
R11507 |
T44959 |
T44960 |
nummod |
40,Hz |
R11508 |
T44960 |
T44958 |
pobj |
Hz,at |
R11509 |
T44961 |
T44948 |
prep |
for,delivered |
R11510 |
T44962 |
T44963 |
nummod |
2,min |
R11511 |
T44963 |
T44961 |
pobj |
min,for |
R11512 |
T44964 |
T44948 |
punct |
.,delivered |
R11513 |
T44966 |
T44967 |
det |
Each,train |
R11514 |
T44967 |
T44968 |
nsubj |
train,lasted |
R11515 |
T44969 |
T44970 |
nummod |
330,ms |
R11516 |
T44970 |
T44968 |
npadvmod |
ms,lasted |
R11517 |
T44971 |
T44968 |
punct |
", ",lasted |
R11518 |
T44972 |
T44968 |
cc |
and,lasted |
R11519 |
T44973 |
T44974 |
auxpass |
were,recorded |
R11520 |
T44974 |
T44968 |
conj |
recorded,lasted |
R11521 |
T44975 |
T44974 |
advmod |
digitally,recorded |
R11522 |
T44976 |
T44974 |
advcl |
using,recorded |
R11523 |
T44977 |
T44976 |
dobj |
MacLab,using |
R11524 |
T44978 |
T44979 |
punct |
(,Instruments |
R11525 |
T44979 |
T44977 |
parataxis |
Instruments,MacLab |
R11526 |
T44980 |
T44979 |
compound |
AD,Instruments |
R11527 |
T44981 |
T44979 |
punct |
", ",Instruments |
R11528 |
T44982 |
T44983 |
compound |
Colorado,Springs |
R11529 |
T44983 |
T44979 |
npadvmod |
Springs,Instruments |
R11530 |
T44984 |
T44979 |
punct |
", ",Instruments |
R11531 |
T44985 |
T44979 |
npadvmod |
Colorado,Instruments |
R11532 |
T44986 |
T44979 |
punct |
", ",Instruments |
R11533 |
T44987 |
T44988 |
compound |
United,States |
R11534 |
T44988 |
T44979 |
npadvmod |
States,Instruments |
R11535 |
T44989 |
T44979 |
punct |
),Instruments |
R11536 |
T44990 |
T44968 |
punct |
.,lasted |
R11537 |
T44992 |
T44993 |
compound |
Fatigue,resistance |
R11538 |
T44993 |
T44994 |
nsubjpass |
resistance,calculated |
R11539 |
T44995 |
T44994 |
auxpass |
was,calculated |
R11540 |
T44996 |
T44994 |
prep |
as,calculated |
R11541 |
T44997 |
T44998 |
det |
the,ratio |
R11542 |
T44998 |
T44996 |
pobj |
ratio,as |
R11543 |
T44999 |
T44998 |
prep |
of,ratio |
R11544 |
T45000 |
T45001 |
det |
the,force |
R11545 |
T45001 |
T44999 |
pobj |
force,of |
R11546 |
T45002 |
T45001 |
acl |
generated,force |
R11547 |
T45003 |
T45002 |
agent |
by,generated |
R11548 |
T45004 |
T45005 |
det |
the,tetanus |
R11549 |
T45005 |
T45003 |
pobj |
tetanus,by |
R11550 |
T45006 |
T45005 |
amod |
last,tetanus |
R11551 |
T45007 |
T45001 |
acl |
divided,force |
R11552 |
T45008 |
T45007 |
prep |
by,divided |
R11553 |
T45009 |
T45010 |
det |
the,force |
R11554 |
T45010 |
T45008 |
pobj |
force,by |
R11555 |
T45011 |
T45010 |
amod |
highest,force |
R11556 |
T45012 |
T45010 |
acl |
generated,force |
R11557 |
T45013 |
T45001 |
acl |
multiplied,force |
R11558 |
T45014 |
T45013 |
prep |
by,multiplied |
R11559 |
T45015 |
T45014 |
pobj |
100,by |
R11560 |
T45016 |
T45017 |
aux |
to,give |
R11561 |
T45017 |
T44994 |
advcl |
give,calculated |
R11562 |
T45018 |
T45019 |
det |
the,percent |
R11563 |
T45019 |
T45017 |
dobj |
percent,give |
R11564 |
T45020 |
T45019 |
prep |
of,percent |
R11565 |
T45021 |
T45022 |
compound |
force,generation |
R11566 |
T45022 |
T45020 |
pobj |
generation,of |
R11567 |
T45023 |
T45024 |
dep |
that,remained |
R11568 |
T45024 |
T45019 |
relcl |
remained,percent |
R11569 |
T45025 |
T45024 |
prep |
after,remained |
R11570 |
T45026 |
T45027 |
det |
the,protocol |
R11571 |
T45027 |
T45025 |
pobj |
protocol,after |
R11572 |
T45028 |
T45027 |
compound |
fatigue,protocol |
R11573 |
T45029 |
T44994 |
punct |
.,calculated |
R11581 |
T45225 |
T45224 |
punct |
–,8 |
R11582 |
T45226 |
T45227 |
npadvmod |
mo,old |
R11583 |
T45227 |
T45219 |
amod |
old,mice |
R11584 |
T45228 |
T45221 |
punct |
),exercised |
R11585 |
T45229 |
T45221 |
auxpass |
were,exercised |
R11586 |
T45230 |
T45221 |
prep |
on,exercised |
R11587 |
T45231 |
T45232 |
det |
the,treadmill |
R11588 |
T45232 |
T45230 |
pobj |
treadmill,on |
R11589 |
T45233 |
T45232 |
amod |
motorized,treadmill |
R11590 |
T45234 |
T45221 |
advcl |
using,exercised |
R11591 |
T45235 |
T45236 |
det |
the,settings |
R11592 |
T45236 |
T45234 |
dobj |
settings,using |
R11593 |
T45237 |
T45236 |
nmod |
run,settings |
R11594 |
T45238 |
T45237 |
punct |
-,run |
R11595 |
T45239 |
T45237 |
prep |
to,run |
R11596 |
T45240 |
T45239 |
punct |
-,to |
R11597 |
T45241 |
T45239 |
pobj |
exhaustion,to |
R11598 |
T45242 |
T45236 |
acl |
described,settings |
R11599 |
T45243 |
T45242 |
advmod |
above,described |
R11600 |
T45244 |
T45234 |
prep |
for,using |
R11601 |
T45245 |
T45246 |
nummod |
60,s |
R11602 |
T45246 |
T45244 |
pobj |
s,for |
R11603 |
T45247 |
T45244 |
cc |
or,for |
R11604 |
T45248 |
T45244 |
conj |
until,for |
R11605 |
T45249 |
T45248 |
pobj |
exhaustion,until |
R11606 |
T45250 |
T45251 |
punct |
", ",came |
R11607 |
T45251 |
T45248 |
parataxis |
came,until |
R11608 |
T45252 |
T45251 |
dep |
whichever,came |
R11609 |
T45253 |
T45251 |
advmod |
first,came |
R11610 |
T45254 |
T45221 |
punct |
.,exercised |
R11611 |
T45256 |
T45257 |
advmod |
Immediately,following |
R11612 |
T45257 |
T45258 |
prep |
following,subjected |
R11613 |
T45259 |
T45260 |
poss |
its,run |
R11614 |
T45260 |
T45257 |
pobj |
run,following |
R11615 |
T45261 |
T45260 |
compound |
treadmill,run |
R11616 |
T45262 |
T45258 |
punct |
", ",subjected |
R11617 |
T45263 |
T45264 |
det |
the,mouse |
R11618 |
T45264 |
T45258 |
nsubjpass |
mouse,subjected |
R11619 |
T45265 |
T45258 |
auxpass |
was,subjected |
R11620 |
T45266 |
T45258 |
prep |
to,subjected |
R11621 |
T45267 |
T45268 |
amod |
serial,echocardiography |
R11622 |
T45268 |
T45266 |
pobj |
echocardiography,to |
R11623 |
T45269 |
T45258 |
advcl |
using,subjected |
R11624 |
T45270 |
T45271 |
det |
an,System |
R11625 |
T45271 |
T45269 |
dobj |
System,using |
R11626 |
T45272 |
T45273 |
compound |
Acuson,Echocardiography |
R11627 |
T45273 |
T45271 |
compound |
Echocardiography,System |
R11628 |
T45274 |
T45273 |
compound |
Sequoia,Echocardiography |
R11629 |
T45275 |
T45271 |
acl |
performed,System |
R11630 |
T45276 |
T45277 |
mark |
as,described |
R11631 |
T45277 |
T45275 |
advcl |
described,performed |
R11632 |
T45278 |
T45277 |
advmod |
previously,described |
R11633 |
T45279 |
T45280 |
punct |
[,51 |
R11634 |
T45280 |
T45258 |
parataxis |
51,subjected |
R11635 |
T45281 |
T45280 |
punct |
],51 |
R11636 |
T45282 |
T45258 |
punct |
.,subjected |
R11639 |
T45734 |
T45735 |
advmod |
In,vivo |
R11640 |
T45735 |
T45736 |
amod |
vivo,studies |
R11641 |
T45737 |
T45736 |
amod |
cardiac,studies |
R11642 |
T45738 |
T45736 |
amod |
hemodynamic,studies |
R11643 |
T45740 |
T45741 |
amod |
Hemodynamic,studies |
R11644 |
T45741 |
T45742 |
nsubjpass |
studies,performed |
R11645 |
T45743 |
T45742 |
auxpass |
were,performed |
R11646 |
T45744 |
T45745 |
mark |
as,described |
R11647 |
T45745 |
T45742 |
advcl |
described,performed |
R11648 |
T45746 |
T45745 |
advmod |
previously,described |
R11649 |
T45747 |
T45745 |
prep |
with,described |
R11650 |
T45748 |
T45749 |
det |
some,modifications |
R11651 |
T45749 |
T45747 |
pobj |
modifications,with |
R11652 |
T45750 |
T45751 |
punct |
[,52 |
R11653 |
T45751 |
T45745 |
parataxis |
52,described |
R11654 |
T45752 |
T45751 |
punct |
],52 |
R11655 |
T45753 |
T45742 |
punct |
.,performed |
R11656 |
T45755 |
T45756 |
prep |
In,anesthetized |
R11657 |
T45757 |
T45755 |
amod |
brief,In |
R11658 |
T45758 |
T45756 |
punct |
", ",anesthetized |
R11659 |
T45759 |
T45760 |
amod |
adult,mice |
R11660 |
T45760 |
T45756 |
nsubjpass |
mice,anesthetized |
R11661 |
T45761 |
T45762 |
punct |
(,wk |
R11662 |
T45762 |
T45760 |
parataxis |
wk,mice |
R11663 |
T45763 |
T45764 |
quantmod |
10,12 |
R11664 |
T45764 |
T45762 |
nummod |
12,wk |
R11665 |
T45765 |
T45764 |
punct |
–,12 |
R11666 |
T45766 |
T45762 |
punct |
),wk |
R11667 |
T45767 |
T45756 |
auxpass |
were,anesthetized |
R11668 |
T45768 |
T45756 |
advmod |
intraperitoneally,anesthetized |
R11669 |
T45769 |
T45770 |
punct |
(,IP |
R11670 |
T45770 |
T45768 |
parataxis |
IP,intraperitoneally |
R11671 |
T45771 |
T45770 |
punct |
),IP |
R11672 |
T45772 |
T45756 |
prep |
with,anesthetized |
R11673 |
T45773 |
T45774 |
compound |
thiopental,sodium |
R11674 |
T45774 |
T45772 |
pobj |
sodium,with |
R11675 |
T45775 |
T45776 |
punct |
(,mg |
R11676 |
T45776 |
T45774 |
parataxis |
mg,sodium |
R11677 |
T45777 |
T45776 |
nummod |
60,mg |
R11678 |
T45778 |
T45779 |
punct |
/,kg |
R11679 |
T45779 |
T45776 |
prep |
kg,mg |
R11680 |
T45780 |
T45776 |
punct |
),mg |
R11681 |
T45781 |
T45756 |
punct |
.,anesthetized |
R11682 |
T45783 |
T45784 |
det |
The,mice |
R11683 |
T45784 |
T45785 |
nsubjpass |
mice,intubated |
R11684 |
T45786 |
T45785 |
auxpass |
were,intubated |
R11685 |
T45787 |
T45785 |
cc |
and,intubated |
R11686 |
T45788 |
T45785 |
conj |
ventilated,intubated |
R11687 |
T45789 |
T45788 |
prep |
with,ventilated |
R11688 |
T45790 |
T45791 |
det |
a,ventilator |
R11689 |
T45791 |
T45789 |
pobj |
ventilator,with |
R11690 |
T45792 |
T45791 |
compound |
Harvard,ventilator |
R11691 |
T45793 |
T45785 |
punct |
.,intubated |
R11692 |
T45795 |
T45796 |
det |
The,artery |
R11693 |
T45796 |
T45799 |
nsubjpass |
artery,isolated |
R11694 |
T45797 |
T45796 |
amod |
right,artery |
R11695 |
T45798 |
T45796 |
compound |
carotid,artery |
R11696 |
T45800 |
T45799 |
auxpass |
was,isolated |
R11697 |
T45801 |
T45799 |
prep |
in,isolated |
R11698 |
T45802 |
T45803 |
det |
the,region |
R11699 |
T45803 |
T45801 |
pobj |
region,in |
R11700 |
T45804 |
T45803 |
prep |
of,region |
R11701 |
T45805 |
T45806 |
det |
the,trachea |
R11702 |
T45806 |
T45804 |
pobj |
trachea,of |
R11703 |
T45807 |
T45799 |
cc |
and,isolated |
R11704 |
T45808 |
T45799 |
conj |
cannulated,isolated |
R11705 |
T45809 |
T45808 |
prep |
with,cannulated |
R11706 |
T45810 |
T45811 |
det |
a,catheter |
R11707 |
T45811 |
T45809 |
pobj |
catheter,with |
R11708 |
T45812 |
T45813 |
nummod |
1.4,French |
R11709 |
T45813 |
T45811 |
nmod |
French,catheter |
R11710 |
T45814 |
T45813 |
punct |
-,French |
R11711 |
T45815 |
T45816 |
amod |
high,fidelity |
R11712 |
T45816 |
T45811 |
compound |
fidelity,catheter |
R11713 |
T45817 |
T45816 |
punct |
-,fidelity |
R11714 |
T45818 |
T45811 |
compound |
micromanometer,catheter |
R11715 |
T45819 |
T45820 |
punct |
(,Instruments |
R11716 |
T45820 |
T45811 |
parataxis |
Instruments,catheter |
R11717 |
T45821 |
T45820 |
compound |
Millar,Instruments |
R11718 |
T45822 |
T45820 |
punct |
", ",Instruments |
R11719 |
T45823 |
T45820 |
npadvmod |
Houston,Instruments |
R11720 |
T45824 |
T45820 |
punct |
", ",Instruments |
R11721 |
T45825 |
T45820 |
npadvmod |
Texas,Instruments |
R11722 |
T45826 |
T45820 |
punct |
", ",Instruments |
R11723 |
T45827 |
T45828 |
compound |
United,States |
R11724 |
T45828 |
T45820 |
npadvmod |
States,Instruments |
R11725 |
T45829 |
T45820 |
punct |
),Instruments |
R11726 |
T45830 |
T45811 |
punct |
", ",catheter |
R11727 |
T45831 |
T45832 |
dep |
which,inserted |
R11728 |
T45832 |
T45811 |
relcl |
inserted,catheter |
R11729 |
T45833 |
T45832 |
auxpass |
was,inserted |
R11730 |
T45834 |
T45832 |
prep |
into,inserted |
R11731 |
T45835 |
T45836 |
det |
the,ventricle |
R11732 |
T45836 |
T45834 |
pobj |
ventricle,into |
R11733 |
T45837 |
T45836 |
amod |
left,ventricle |
R11734 |
T45838 |
T45832 |
advmod |
retrograde,inserted |
R11735 |
T45839 |
T45838 |
prep |
across,retrograde |
R11736 |
T45840 |
T45841 |
det |
the,valve |
R11737 |
T45841 |
T45839 |
pobj |
valve,across |
R11738 |
T45842 |
T45841 |
amod |
aortic,valve |
R11739 |
T45843 |
T45799 |
punct |
.,isolated |
R11740 |
T45845 |
T45846 |
amod |
Hemodynamic,measurements |
R11741 |
T45846 |
T45847 |
nsubjpass |
measurements,recorded |
R11742 |
T45848 |
T45847 |
auxpass |
were,recorded |
R11743 |
T45849 |
T45847 |
prep |
at,recorded |
R11744 |
T45850 |
T45849 |
pobj |
baseline,at |
R11745 |
T45851 |
T45849 |
cc |
and,at |
R11746 |
T45852 |
T45853 |
nummod |
3,min |
R11747 |
T45853 |
T45854 |
npadvmod |
min,following |
R11748 |
T45854 |
T45849 |
conj |
following,at |
R11749 |
T45855 |
T45856 |
amod |
continuous,infusion |
R11750 |
T45856 |
T45854 |
pobj |
infusion,following |
R11751 |
T45857 |
T45856 |
prep |
of,infusion |
R11752 |
T45858 |
T45859 |
amod |
incremental,doses |
R11753 |
T45859 |
T45857 |
pobj |
doses,of |
R11754 |
T45860 |
T45859 |
prep |
of,doses |
R11755 |
T45861 |
T45860 |
pobj |
dobutamine,of |
R11756 |
T45862 |
T45861 |
punct |
(,dobutamine |
R11757 |
T45863 |
T45864 |
npadvmod |
β1,adrenergic |
R11758 |
T45864 |
T45871 |
amod |
adrenergic,agonist |
R11759 |
T45865 |
T45863 |
punct |
", ",β1 |
R11760 |
T45866 |
T45863 |
conj |
β2,β1 |
R11761 |
T45867 |
T45866 |
punct |
", ",β2 |
R11762 |
T45868 |
T45866 |
cc |
and,β2 |
R11763 |
T45869 |
T45866 |
conj |
α1,β2 |
R11764 |
T45870 |
T45864 |
punct |
-,adrenergic |
R11765 |
T45871 |
T45861 |
appos |
agonist,dobutamine |
R11766 |
T45872 |
T45859 |
punct |
),doses |
R11767 |
T45873 |
T45859 |
prep |
up,doses |
R11768 |
T45874 |
T45873 |
prep |
to,up |
R11769 |
T45875 |
T45876 |
nummod |
32,ng |
R11770 |
T45876 |
T45874 |
pobj |
ng,to |
R11771 |
T45877 |
T45876 |
punct |
·,ng |
R11772 |
T45878 |
T45876 |
appos |
gBW,ng |
R11773 |
T45879 |
T45880 |
punct |
−,1 |
R11774 |
T45880 |
T45878 |
nummod |
1,gBW |
R11775 |
T45881 |
T45876 |
punct |
·,ng |
R11776 |
T45882 |
T45876 |
appos |
min,ng |
R11777 |
T45883 |
T45884 |
punct |
−,1 |
R11778 |
T45884 |
T45882 |
nummod |
1,min |
R11779 |
T45885 |
T45886 |
punct |
[,53 |
R11780 |
T45886 |
T45847 |
parataxis |
53,recorded |
R11781 |
T45887 |
T45886 |
punct |
],53 |
R11782 |
T45888 |
T45847 |
punct |
.,recorded |
R11783 |
T45890 |
T45891 |
amod |
Continuous,data |
R11784 |
T45891 |
T45895 |
nsubjpass |
data,acquired |
R11785 |
T45892 |
T45893 |
compound |
pressure,volume |
R11786 |
T45893 |
T45891 |
compound |
volume,data |
R11787 |
T45894 |
T45893 |
punct |
-,volume |
R11788 |
T45896 |
T45895 |
auxpass |
were,acquired |
R11789 |
T45897 |
T45895 |
cc |
and,acquired |
R11790 |
T45898 |
T45895 |
conj |
digitized,acquired |
R11791 |
T45899 |
T45898 |
prep |
with,digitized |
R11792 |
T45900 |
T45901 |
det |
the,system |
R11793 |
T45901 |
T45899 |
pobj |
system,with |
R11794 |
T45902 |
T45903 |
compound |
BioBench,software |
R11795 |
T45903 |
T45901 |
compound |
software,system |
R11796 |
T45904 |
T45903 |
compound |
computer,software |
R11797 |
T45905 |
T45906 |
compound |
data,acquisition |
R11798 |
T45906 |
T45901 |
compound |
acquisition,system |
R11799 |
T45907 |
T45908 |
punct |
(,Instruments |
R11800 |
T45908 |
T45901 |
parataxis |
Instruments,system |
R11801 |
T45909 |
T45908 |
compound |
National,Instruments |
R11802 |
T45910 |
T45908 |
punct |
", ",Instruments |
R11803 |
T45911 |
T45908 |
npadvmod |
Austin,Instruments |
R11804 |
T45912 |
T45908 |
punct |
", ",Instruments |
R11805 |
T45913 |
T45908 |
npadvmod |
Texas,Instruments |
R11806 |
T45914 |
T45908 |
punct |
", ",Instruments |
R11807 |
T45915 |
T45916 |
compound |
United,States |
R11808 |
T45916 |
T45908 |
npadvmod |
States,Instruments |
R11809 |
T45917 |
T45908 |
punct |
),Instruments |
R11810 |
T45918 |
T45895 |
punct |
.,acquired |
R11811 |
T46753 |
T46754 |
amod |
Isolated,perfusion |
R11812 |
T46755 |
T46754 |
amod |
working,perfusion |
R11813 |
T46756 |
T46757 |
compound |
mouse,heart |
R11814 |
T46757 |
T46754 |
compound |
heart,perfusion |
R11815 |
T46759 |
T46760 |
amod |
Isolated,perfusion |
R11816 |
T46760 |
T46764 |
nsubjpass |
perfusion,based |
R11817 |
T46761 |
T46760 |
amod |
working,perfusion |
R11818 |
T46762 |
T46763 |
compound |
mouse,heart |
R11819 |
T46763 |
T46760 |
compound |
heart,perfusion |
R11820 |
T46765 |
T46764 |
auxpass |
was,based |
R11821 |
T46766 |
T46764 |
prep |
on,based |
R11822 |
T46767 |
T46768 |
det |
a,procedure |
R11823 |
T46768 |
T46766 |
pobj |
procedure,on |
R11824 |
T46769 |
T46770 |
advmod |
previously,described |
R11825 |
T46770 |
T46768 |
amod |
described,procedure |
R11826 |
T46771 |
T46772 |
punct |
[,54 |
R11827 |
T46772 |
T46768 |
parataxis |
54,procedure |
R11828 |
T46773 |
T46772 |
punct |
],54 |
R11829 |
T46774 |
T46764 |
punct |
.,based |
R11830 |
T46776 |
T46777 |
amod |
Adult,mice |
R11831 |
T46777 |
T46778 |
nsubjpass |
mice,heparinized |
R11832 |
T46779 |
T46780 |
punct |
(,old |
R11833 |
T46780 |
T46777 |
parataxis |
old,mice |
R11834 |
T46781 |
T46782 |
quantmod |
4,7 |
R11835 |
T46782 |
T46784 |
nummod |
7,mo |
R11836 |
T46783 |
T46782 |
punct |
–,7 |
R11837 |
T46784 |
T46780 |
npadvmod |
mo,old |
R11838 |
T46785 |
T46780 |
punct |
),old |
R11839 |
T46786 |
T46778 |
auxpass |
were,heparinized |
R11840 |
T46787 |
T46788 |
punct |
(,units |
R11841 |
T46788 |
T46778 |
parataxis |
units,heparinized |
R11842 |
T46789 |
T46788 |
nummod |
100,units |
R11843 |
T46790 |
T46788 |
advmod |
IP,units |
R11844 |
T46791 |
T46788 |
punct |
),units |
R11845 |
T46792 |
T46793 |
nummod |
10,min |
R11846 |
T46793 |
T46794 |
npadvmod |
min,to |
R11847 |
T46794 |
T46778 |
prep |
to,heparinized |
R11848 |
T46795 |
T46794 |
amod |
prior,to |
R11849 |
T46796 |
T46794 |
pobj |
anesthesia,to |
R11850 |
T46797 |
T46778 |
punct |
.,heparinized |
R11851 |
T46799 |
T46800 |
nsubjpass |
Animals,anesthetized |
R11852 |
T46801 |
T46800 |
auxpass |
were,anesthetized |
R11853 |
T46802 |
T46800 |
advmod |
then,anesthetized |
R11854 |
T46803 |
T46800 |
advmod |
deeply,anesthetized |
R11855 |
T46804 |
T46800 |
prep |
with,anesthetized |
R11856 |
T46805 |
T46806 |
quantmod |
5,10 |
R11857 |
T46806 |
T46808 |
nummod |
10,mg |
R11858 |
T46807 |
T46806 |
punct |
–,10 |
R11859 |
T46808 |
T46804 |
pobj |
mg,with |
R11860 |
T46809 |
T46808 |
prep |
of,mg |
R11861 |
T46810 |
T46811 |
compound |
sodium,pentobarbital |
R11862 |
T46811 |
T46809 |
pobj |
pentobarbital,of |
R11863 |
T46812 |
T46800 |
advmod |
IP,anesthetized |
R11864 |
T46813 |
T46800 |
punct |
.,anesthetized |
R11865 |
T46815 |
T46816 |
nsubjpass |
Hearts,excised |
R11866 |
T46817 |
T46816 |
auxpass |
were,excised |
R11867 |
T46818 |
T46816 |
cc |
and,excised |
R11868 |
T46819 |
T46816 |
conj |
placed,excised |
R11869 |
T46820 |
T46819 |
prep |
in,placed |
R11870 |
T46821 |
T46822 |
det |
an,solution |
R11871 |
T46822 |
T46820 |
pobj |
solution,in |
R11872 |
T46823 |
T46824 |
npadvmod |
ice,cold |
R11873 |
T46824 |
T46822 |
amod |
cold,solution |
R11874 |
T46825 |
T46824 |
punct |
-,cold |
R11875 |
T46826 |
T46827 |
nmod |
Krebs,Henseleit |
R11876 |
T46827 |
T46829 |
nmod |
Henseleit,bicarbonate |
R11877 |
T46828 |
T46827 |
punct |
-,Henseleit |
R11878 |
T46829 |
T46822 |
nmod |
bicarbonate,solution |
R11879 |
T46830 |
T46829 |
punct |
(,bicarbonate |
R11880 |
T46831 |
T46829 |
appos |
KHB,bicarbonate |
R11881 |
T46832 |
T46822 |
punct |
),solution |
R11882 |
T46833 |
T46822 |
punct |
[,solution |
R11883 |
T46834 |
T46835 |
nummod |
118,mM |
R11884 |
T46835 |
T46836 |
compound |
mM,NaCl |
R11885 |
T46836 |
T46822 |
appos |
NaCl,solution |
R11886 |
T46837 |
T46836 |
punct |
", ",NaCl |
R11887 |
T46838 |
T46839 |
nummod |
25,mM |
R11888 |
T46839 |
T46840 |
compound |
mM,NaHCO3 |
R11889 |
T46840 |
T46836 |
conj |
NaHCO3,NaCl |
R11890 |
T46841 |
T46840 |
punct |
", ",NaHCO3 |
R11891 |
T46842 |
T46843 |
nummod |
4.7,mM |
R11892 |
T46843 |
T46844 |
compound |
mM,KCl |
R11893 |
T46844 |
T46840 |
conj |
KCl,NaHCO3 |
R11894 |
T46845 |
T46844 |
punct |
", ",KCl |
R11895 |
T46846 |
T46847 |
nummod |
1.2,mM |
R11896 |
T46847 |
T46848 |
compound |
mM,KH2PO4 |
R11897 |
T46848 |
T46844 |
conj |
KH2PO4,KCl |
R11898 |
T46849 |
T46848 |
punct |
", ",KH2PO4 |
R11899 |
T46850 |
T46851 |
nummod |
2.5,mM |
R11900 |
T46851 |
T46852 |
compound |
mM,CaCl2 |
R11901 |
T46852 |
T46848 |
conj |
CaCl2,KH2PO4 |
R11902 |
T46853 |
T46852 |
punct |
", ",CaCl2 |
R11903 |
T46854 |
T46855 |
nummod |
5.0,mM |
R11904 |
T46855 |
T46856 |
compound |
mM,glucose |
R11905 |
T46856 |
T46852 |
conj |
glucose,CaCl2 |
R11906 |
T46857 |
T46856 |
punct |
", ",glucose |
R11907 |
T46858 |
T46856 |
cc |
and,glucose |
R11908 |
T46859 |
T46860 |
nummod |
100,units |
R11909 |
T46860 |
T46856 |
conj |
units,glucose |
R11910 |
T46861 |
T46862 |
punct |
/,insulin |
R11911 |
T46862 |
T46860 |
prep |
insulin,units |
R11912 |
T46863 |
T46862 |
compound |
L,insulin |
R11913 |
T46864 |
T46865 |
punct |
(,pH |
R11914 |
T46865 |
T46860 |
parataxis |
pH,units |
R11915 |
T46866 |
T46865 |
nummod |
7.4,pH |
R11916 |
T46867 |
T46865 |
punct |
),pH |
R11917 |
T46868 |
T46816 |
punct |
],excised |
R11918 |
T46869 |
T46816 |
punct |
.,excised |
R11919 |
T46871 |
T46872 |
nsubjpass |
Hearts,cannulated |
R11920 |
T46873 |
T46872 |
auxpass |
were,cannulated |
R11921 |
T46874 |
T46872 |
advmod |
first,cannulated |
R11922 |
T46875 |
T46872 |
prep |
via,cannulated |
R11923 |
T46876 |
T46877 |
det |
the,aorta |
R11924 |
T46877 |
T46875 |
pobj |
aorta,via |
R11925 |
T46878 |
T46872 |
cc |
and,cannulated |
R11926 |
T46879 |
T46872 |
conj |
perfused,cannulated |
R11927 |
T46880 |
T46879 |
advmod |
retrogradely,perfused |
R11928 |
T46881 |
T46879 |
prep |
by,perfused |
R11929 |
T46882 |
T46883 |
det |
the,method |
R11930 |
T46883 |
T46881 |
pobj |
method,by |
R11931 |
T46884 |
T46883 |
compound |
Langendorff,method |
R11932 |
T46885 |
T46872 |
punct |
.,cannulated |
R11933 |
T46887 |
T46888 |
prep |
Following,switched |
R11934 |
T46889 |
T46890 |
amod |
left,cannulation |
R11935 |
T46890 |
T46887 |
pobj |
cannulation,Following |
R11936 |
T46891 |
T46890 |
amod |
atrial,cannulation |
R11937 |
T46892 |
T46888 |
punct |
", ",switched |
R11938 |
T46893 |
T46888 |
nsubjpass |
perfusion,switched |
R11939 |
T46894 |
T46888 |
auxpass |
was,switched |
R11940 |
T46895 |
T46888 |
prep |
to,switched |
R11941 |
T46896 |
T46897 |
det |
the,mode |
R11942 |
T46897 |
T46895 |
pobj |
mode,to |
R11943 |
T46898 |
T46897 |
amod |
working,mode |
R11944 |
T46899 |
T46900 |
mark |
with,bound |
R11945 |
T46900 |
T46888 |
advcl |
bound,switched |
R11946 |
T46901 |
T46902 |
compound |
KHB,solution |
R11947 |
T46902 |
T46900 |
nsubj |
solution,bound |
R11948 |
T46903 |
T46902 |
acl |
containing,solution |
R11949 |
T46904 |
T46905 |
nummod |
1.2,mM |
R11950 |
T46905 |
T46906 |
compound |
mM,palmitate |
R11951 |
T46906 |
T46903 |
dobj |
palmitate,containing |
R11952 |
T46907 |
T46900 |
prep |
to,bound |
R11953 |
T46908 |
T46909 |
nummod |
3,% |
R11954 |
T46909 |
T46910 |
nmod |
%,BSA |
R11955 |
T46910 |
T46907 |
pobj |
BSA,to |
R11956 |
T46911 |
T46912 |
amod |
fatty,acid |
R11957 |
T46912 |
T46913 |
npadvmod |
acid,free |
R11958 |
T46913 |
T46910 |
amod |
free,BSA |
R11959 |
T46914 |
T46913 |
punct |
-,free |
R11960 |
T46915 |
T46900 |
prep |
with,bound |
R11961 |
T46916 |
T46917 |
det |
a,pressure |
R11962 |
T46917 |
T46915 |
pobj |
pressure,with |
R11963 |
T46918 |
T46917 |
amod |
preload,pressure |
R11964 |
T46919 |
T46917 |
prep |
of,pressure |
R11965 |
T46920 |
T46921 |
nummod |
11.5,mm |
R11966 |
T46921 |
T46922 |
compound |
mm,Hg |
R11967 |
T46922 |
T46919 |
pobj |
Hg,of |
R11968 |
T46923 |
T46917 |
cc |
and,pressure |
R11969 |
T46924 |
T46925 |
det |
an,pressure |
R11970 |
T46925 |
T46917 |
conj |
pressure,pressure |
R11971 |
T46926 |
T46925 |
amod |
afterload,pressure |
R11972 |
T46927 |
T46925 |
prep |
of,pressure |
R11973 |
T46928 |
T46929 |
nummod |
50,mm |
R11974 |
T46929 |
T46930 |
compound |
mm,Hg |
R11975 |
T46930 |
T46927 |
pobj |
Hg,of |
R11976 |
T46931 |
T46900 |
prep |
for,bound |
R11977 |
T46932 |
T46933 |
nummod |
60,min |
R11978 |
T46933 |
T46931 |
pobj |
min,for |
R11979 |
T46934 |
T46900 |
prep |
with,bound |
R11980 |
T46935 |
T46936 |
amod |
oxygenated,solution |
R11981 |
T46936 |
T46934 |
pobj |
solution,with |
R11982 |
T46937 |
T46936 |
compound |
buffer,solution |
R11983 |
T46938 |
T46888 |
punct |
.,switched |
R11984 |
T46940 |
T46941 |
amod |
Functional,measurements |
R11985 |
T46941 |
T46942 |
nsubjpass |
measurements,acquired |
R11986 |
T46943 |
T46941 |
punct |
", ",measurements |
R11987 |
T46944 |
T46945 |
advmod |
namely,output |
R11988 |
T46945 |
T46941 |
appos |
output,measurements |
R11989 |
T46946 |
T46945 |
amod |
cardiac,output |
R11990 |
T46947 |
T46945 |
punct |
", ",output |
R11991 |
T46948 |
T46949 |
amod |
aortic,flows |
R11992 |
T46949 |
T46945 |
conj |
flows,output |
R11993 |
T46950 |
T46949 |
punct |
", ",flows |
R11994 |
T46951 |
T46952 |
amod |
peak,pressure |
R11995 |
T46952 |
T46949 |
conj |
pressure,flows |
R11996 |
T46953 |
T46952 |
amod |
systolic,pressure |
R11997 |
T46954 |
T46952 |
punct |
", ",pressure |
R11998 |
T46955 |
T46952 |
cc |
and,pressure |
R11999 |
T46956 |
T46957 |
compound |
heart,rate |
R12000 |
T46957 |
T46952 |
conj |
rate,pressure |
R12001 |
T46958 |
T46942 |
auxpass |
were,acquired |
R12002 |
T46959 |
T46960 |
det |
every,min |
R12003 |
T46960 |
T46942 |
npadvmod |
min,acquired |
R12004 |
T46961 |
T46960 |
nummod |
10,min |
R12005 |
T46962 |
T46942 |
advcl |
using,acquired |
R12006 |
T46963 |
T46964 |
compound |
inline,probes |
R12007 |
T46964 |
T46962 |
dobj |
probes,using |
R12008 |
T46965 |
T46964 |
compound |
flow,probes |
R12009 |
T46966 |
T46967 |
punct |
(,Systems |
R12010 |
T46967 |
T46964 |
parataxis |
Systems,probes |
R12011 |
T46968 |
T46967 |
compound |
Transonic,Systems |
R12012 |
T46969 |
T46967 |
punct |
", ",Systems |
R12013 |
T46970 |
T46967 |
npadvmod |
Ithaca,Systems |
R12014 |
T46971 |
T46967 |
punct |
", ",Systems |
R12015 |
T46972 |
T46973 |
compound |
New,York |
R12016 |
T46973 |
T46967 |
npadvmod |
York,Systems |
R12017 |
T46974 |
T46967 |
punct |
", ",Systems |
R12018 |
T46975 |
T46976 |
compound |
United,States |
R12019 |
T46976 |
T46967 |
npadvmod |
States,Systems |
R12020 |
T46977 |
T46967 |
punct |
),Systems |
R12021 |
T46978 |
T46964 |
punct |
", ",probes |
R12022 |
T46979 |
T46980 |
det |
a,transducer |
R12023 |
T46980 |
T46964 |
conj |
transducer,probes |
R12024 |
T46981 |
T46980 |
compound |
pressure,transducer |
R12025 |
T46982 |
T46983 |
punct |
(,104A |
R12026 |
T46983 |
T46980 |
parataxis |
104A,transducer |
R12027 |
T46984 |
T46983 |
compound |
TSD,104A |
R12028 |
T46985 |
T46983 |
punct |
", ",104A |
R12029 |
T46986 |
T46987 |
compound |
BIOPAC,Systems |
R12030 |
T46987 |
T46983 |
npadvmod |
Systems,104A |
R12031 |
T46988 |
T46983 |
punct |
", ",104A |
R12032 |
T46989 |
T46990 |
compound |
Santa,Barbara |
R12033 |
T46990 |
T46983 |
npadvmod |
Barbara,104A |
R12034 |
T46991 |
T46983 |
punct |
", ",104A |
R12035 |
T46992 |
T46983 |
npadvmod |
California,104A |
R12036 |
T46993 |
T46983 |
punct |
", ",104A |
R12037 |
T46994 |
T46995 |
compound |
United,States |
R12038 |
T46995 |
T46983 |
npadvmod |
States,104A |
R12039 |
T46996 |
T46983 |
punct |
),104A |
R12040 |
T46997 |
T46980 |
cc |
and,transducer |
R12041 |
T46998 |
T46980 |
conj |
data,transducer |
R12042 |
T46999 |
T46998 |
acl |
acquired,data |
R12043 |
T47000 |
T46999 |
prep |
with,acquired |
R12044 |
T47001 |
T47002 |
det |
the,system |
R12045 |
T47002 |
T47000 |
pobj |
system,with |
R12046 |
T47003 |
T47002 |
compound |
MP100,system |
R12047 |
T47004 |
T47002 |
prep |
from,system |
R12048 |
T47005 |
T47004 |
pobj |
AcqKnowledge,from |
R12049 |
T47006 |
T47007 |
punct |
(,Systems |
R12050 |
T47007 |
T47005 |
parataxis |
Systems,AcqKnowledge |
R12051 |
T47008 |
T47007 |
compound |
BIOPAC,Systems |
R12052 |
T47009 |
T47007 |
punct |
),Systems |
R12053 |
T47010 |
T46942 |
punct |
.,acquired |
R12054 |
T47012 |
T47013 |
amod |
Cardiac,work |
R12055 |
T47013 |
T47014 |
nsubjpass |
work,calculated |
R12056 |
T47015 |
T47014 |
auxpass |
was,calculated |
R12057 |
T47016 |
T47014 |
prep |
as,calculated |
R12058 |
T47017 |
T47018 |
det |
the,product |
R12059 |
T47018 |
T47016 |
pobj |
product,as |
R12060 |
T47019 |
T47018 |
prep |
of,product |
R12061 |
T47020 |
T47021 |
nmod |
peak,pressure |
R12062 |
T47021 |
T47019 |
pobj |
pressure,of |
R12063 |
T47022 |
T47021 |
amod |
systolic,pressure |
R12064 |
T47023 |
T47021 |
cc |
and,pressure |
R12065 |
T47024 |
T47025 |
amod |
cardiac,output |
R12066 |
T47025 |
T47021 |
conj |
output,pressure |
R12067 |
T47026 |
T47014 |
punct |
.,calculated |
R12068 |
T47484 |
T47485 |
nsubjpass |
Data,analyzed |
R12069 |
T47486 |
T47485 |
auxpass |
were,analyzed |
R12070 |
T47487 |
T47485 |
advcl |
using,analyzed |
R12071 |
T47488 |
T47489 |
compound |
T,tests |
R12072 |
T47489 |
T47487 |
dobj |
tests,using |
R12073 |
T47490 |
T47489 |
punct |
-,tests |
R12074 |
T47491 |
T47489 |
cc |
or,tests |
R12075 |
T47492 |
T47489 |
conj |
ANOVAs,tests |
R12076 |
T47493 |
T47494 |
punct |
(,measures |
R12077 |
T47494 |
T47492 |
parataxis |
measures,ANOVAs |
R12078 |
T47495 |
T47494 |
prep |
of,measures |
R12079 |
T47496 |
T47497 |
amod |
general,activity |
R12080 |
T47497 |
T47495 |
pobj |
activity,of |
R12081 |
T47498 |
T47497 |
cc |
and,activity |
R12082 |
T47499 |
T47500 |
compound |
sensorimotor,battery |
R12083 |
T47500 |
T47497 |
conj |
battery,activity |
R12084 |
T47501 |
T47494 |
punct |
),measures |
R12085 |
T47502 |
T47485 |
punct |
.,analyzed |
R12086 |
T47504 |
T47505 |
det |
The,level |
R12087 |
T47505 |
T47506 |
nsubjpass |
level,set |
R12088 |
T47507 |
T47505 |
prep |
of,level |
R12089 |
T47508 |
T47507 |
pobj |
significance,of |
R12090 |
T47509 |
T47506 |
auxpass |
was,set |
R12091 |
T47510 |
T47506 |
prep |
at,set |
R12092 |
T47511 |
T47510 |
pobj |
p,at |
R12093 |
T47512 |
T47513 |
punct |
<,0.05 |
R12094 |
T47513 |
T47511 |
amod |
0.05,p |
R12095 |
T47514 |
T47506 |
prep |
in,set |
R12096 |
T47515 |
T47516 |
det |
all,cases |
R12097 |
T47516 |
T47514 |
pobj |
cases,in |
R12098 |
T47517 |
T47506 |
punct |
.,set |
R12099 |
T47519 |
T47520 |
nsubjpass |
Data,reported |
R12100 |
T47521 |
T47520 |
auxpass |
are,reported |
R12101 |
T47522 |
T47520 |
prep |
as,reported |
R12102 |
T47523 |
T47524 |
compound |
mean,values |
R12103 |
T47524 |
T47522 |
pobj |
values,as |
R12104 |
T47525 |
T47524 |
punct |
±,values |
R12105 |
T47526 |
T47524 |
appos |
SEM,values |
R12106 |
T47527 |
T47520 |
punct |
", ",reported |
R12107 |
T47528 |
T47529 |
mark |
unless,noted |
R12108 |
T47529 |
T47520 |
advcl |
noted,reported |
R12109 |
T47530 |
T47529 |
advmod |
otherwise,noted |
R12110 |
T47531 |
T47520 |
punct |
.,reported |
R12111 |
T47533 |
T47534 |
det |
The,model |
R12112 |
T47534 |
T47536 |
nsubj |
model,included |
R12113 |
T47535 |
T47534 |
compound |
ANOVA,model |
R12114 |
T47537 |
T47534 |
acl |
used,model |
R12115 |
T47538 |
T47539 |
aux |
to,analyze |
R12116 |
T47539 |
T47537 |
advcl |
analyze,used |
R12117 |
T47540 |
T47541 |
det |
each,test |
R12118 |
T47541 |
T47539 |
dobj |
test,analyze |
R12119 |
T47542 |
T47541 |
compound |
sensorimotor,test |
R12120 |
T47543 |
T47544 |
nummod |
one,between |
R12121 |
T47544 |
T47536 |
dobj |
between,included |
R12122 |
T47545 |
T47544 |
punct |
-,between |
R12123 |
T47546 |
T47544 |
pobj |
subjects,between |
R12124 |
T47547 |
T47544 |
amod |
variable,between |
R12125 |
T47548 |
T47549 |
punct |
(,genotype |
R12126 |
T47549 |
T47544 |
parataxis |
genotype,between |
R12127 |
T47550 |
T47549 |
punct |
),genotype |
R12128 |
T47551 |
T47544 |
punct |
", ",between |
R12129 |
T47552 |
T47544 |
cc |
and,between |
R12130 |
T47553 |
T47554 |
nummod |
one,within |
R12131 |
T47554 |
T47544 |
conj |
within,between |
R12132 |
T47555 |
T47554 |
punct |
-,within |
R12133 |
T47556 |
T47554 |
pobj |
subjects,within |
R12134 |
T47557 |
T47554 |
amod |
variable,within |
R12135 |
T47558 |
T47559 |
punct |
(,trials |
R12136 |
T47559 |
T47554 |
parataxis |
trials,within |
R12137 |
T47560 |
T47559 |
punct |
),trials |
R12138 |
T47561 |
T47536 |
punct |
.,included |
R12139 |
T47563 |
T47564 |
advmod |
When,conducted |
R12140 |
T47564 |
T47570 |
advcl |
conducted,used |
R12141 |
T47565 |
T47564 |
nsubjpass |
ANOVAs,conducted |
R12142 |
T47566 |
T47565 |
prep |
with,ANOVAs |
R12143 |
T47567 |
T47568 |
amod |
repeated,measures |
R12144 |
T47568 |
T47566 |
pobj |
measures,with |
R12145 |
T47569 |
T47564 |
auxpass |
were,conducted |
R12146 |
T47571 |
T47570 |
punct |
", ",used |
R12147 |
T47572 |
T47573 |
det |
the,adjustment |
R12148 |
T47573 |
T47570 |
nsubjpass |
adjustment,used |
R12149 |
T47574 |
T47575 |
nmod |
Huynh,Feldt |
R12150 |
T47575 |
T47573 |
nmod |
Feldt,adjustment |
R12151 |
T47576 |
T47575 |
punct |
-,Feldt |
R12152 |
T47577 |
T47575 |
punct |
(,Feldt |
R12153 |
T47578 |
T47579 |
compound |
H,F |
R12154 |
T47579 |
T47575 |
appos |
F,Feldt |
R12155 |
T47580 |
T47579 |
punct |
-,F |
R12156 |
T47581 |
T47573 |
punct |
),adjustment |
R12157 |
T47582 |
T47573 |
prep |
of,adjustment |
R12158 |
T47583 |
T47584 |
compound |
alpha,levels |
R12159 |
T47584 |
T47582 |
pobj |
levels,of |
R12160 |
T47585 |
T47570 |
auxpass |
was,used |
R12161 |
T47586 |
T47570 |
prep |
for,used |
R12162 |
T47587 |
T47588 |
det |
all,effects |
R12163 |
T47588 |
T47586 |
pobj |
effects,for |
R12164 |
T47589 |
T47588 |
nmod |
within,effects |
R12165 |
T47590 |
T47589 |
punct |
-,within |
R12166 |
T47591 |
T47589 |
pobj |
subjects,within |
R12167 |
T47592 |
T47588 |
acl |
containing,effects |
R12168 |
T47593 |
T47594 |
amod |
more,two |
R12169 |
T47594 |
T47596 |
nummod |
two,levels |
R12170 |
T47595 |
T47594 |
quantmod |
than,two |
R12171 |
T47596 |
T47592 |
dobj |
levels,containing |
R12172 |
T47597 |
T47570 |
punct |
", ",used |
R12173 |
T47598 |
T47570 |
prep |
in,used |
R12174 |
T47599 |
T47598 |
pobj |
order,in |
R12175 |
T47600 |
T47601 |
aux |
to,protect |
R12176 |
T47601 |
T47599 |
acl |
protect,order |
R12177 |
T47602 |
T47601 |
prep |
against,protect |
R12178 |
T47603 |
T47602 |
pobj |
violations,against |
R12179 |
T47604 |
T47603 |
prep |
of,violations |
R12180 |
T47605 |
T47606 |
det |
the,assumptions |
R12181 |
T47606 |
T47604 |
pobj |
assumptions,of |
R12182 |
T47607 |
T47606 |
nmod |
sphericity,assumptions |
R12183 |
T47608 |
T47607 |
punct |
/,sphericity |
R12184 |
T47609 |
T47610 |
amod |
compound,symmetry |
R12185 |
T47610 |
T47607 |
appos |
symmetry,sphericity |
R12186 |
T47611 |
T47606 |
acl |
underlying,assumptions |
R12187 |
T47612 |
T47613 |
det |
this,model |
R12188 |
T47613 |
T47611 |
dobj |
model,underlying |
R12189 |
T47614 |
T47613 |
compound |
ANOVA,model |
R12190 |
T47615 |
T47570 |
punct |
.,used |
R12191 |
T47617 |
T47618 |
prep |
In,used |
R12192 |
T47619 |
T47617 |
pobj |
addition,In |
R12193 |
T47620 |
T47618 |
punct |
", ",used |
R12194 |
T47621 |
T47622 |
compound |
Bonferroni,correction |
R12195 |
T47622 |
T47618 |
nsubjpass |
correction,used |
R12196 |
T47623 |
T47618 |
auxpass |
was,used |
R12197 |
T47624 |
T47625 |
advmod |
when,appropriate |
R12198 |
T47625 |
T47618 |
advcl |
appropriate,used |
R12199 |
T47626 |
T47627 |
aux |
to,help |
R12200 |
T47627 |
T47618 |
advcl |
help,used |
R12201 |
T47628 |
T47627 |
xcomp |
maintain,help |
R12202 |
T47629 |
T47630 |
amod |
prescribed,levels |
R12203 |
T47630 |
T47628 |
dobj |
levels,maintain |
R12204 |
T47631 |
T47630 |
compound |
alpha,levels |
R12205 |
T47632 |
T47633 |
punct |
(,p |
R12206 |
T47633 |
T47630 |
parataxis |
p,levels |
R12207 |
T47634 |
T47633 |
advmod |
e.g.,p |
R12208 |
T47635 |
T47633 |
punct |
", ",p |
R12209 |
T47636 |
T47637 |
punct |
<,0.05 |
R12210 |
T47637 |
T47633 |
amod |
0.05,p |
R12211 |
T47638 |
T47633 |
punct |
),p |
R12212 |
T47639 |
T47640 |
advmod |
when,conducted |
R12213 |
T47640 |
T47628 |
advcl |
conducted,maintain |
R12214 |
T47641 |
T47642 |
amod |
multiple,comparisons |
R12215 |
T47642 |
T47640 |
nsubjpass |
comparisons,conducted |
R12216 |
T47643 |
T47640 |
auxpass |
were,conducted |
R12217 |
T47644 |
T47618 |
punct |
.,used |
R10108 |
T39319 |
T39320 |
amod |
Indirect,calorimetry |
R10109 |
T39322 |
T39323 |
compound |
Oxygen,rates |
R10110 |
T39323 |
T39325 |
nsubjpass |
rates,measured |
R10111 |
T39324 |
T39323 |
compound |
consumption,rates |
R10112 |
T39326 |
T39323 |
punct |
(,rates |
R11574 |
T45215 |
T45216 |
compound |
Exercise,echocardiography |
R11575 |
T45218 |
T45219 |
amod |
Adult,mice |
R11576 |
T45219 |
T45221 |
nsubjpass |
mice,exercised |
R11577 |
T45220 |
T45219 |
amod |
female,mice |
R11578 |
T45222 |
T45219 |
punct |
(,mice |
R11579 |
T45223 |
T45224 |
quantmod |
6,8 |
R11580 |
T45224 |
T45226 |
nummod |
8,mo |
R8 |
T734 |
T732 |
dobj |
Derangements,Causes |
R90 |
T825 |
T823 |
pobj |
demands,with |
R203 |
T946 |
T944 |
pobj |
response,with |
R228 |
T973 |
T971 |
pobj |
capacity,of |
R269 |
T1018 |
T1016 |
pobj |
system,in |
R1517 |
T6147 |
T6146 |
pobj |
heart,in |
R2068 |
T8236 |
T8235 |
punct |
", ",exhibit |
R2069 |
T8237 |
T8238 |
amod |
certain,tissues |
R2075 |
T8241 |
T8239 |
pobj |
requirements,with |
R2085 |
T8248 |
T8246 |
pobj |
muscle,as |
R2889 |
T12840 |
T12839 |
prep |
as,long |
R2890 |
T12841 |
T12842 |
det |
the,controls |
R3221 |
T13192 |
T13191 |
prep |
in,difference |
R5198 |
T20993 |
T20992 |
punct |
-,1α |
R438 |
T3649 |
T3648 |
amod |
additional,members |
R1006 |
T4252 |
T4249 |
punct |
", ",established |
R1007 |
T4253 |
T4249 |
nsubj |
we,established |
R1008 |
T4254 |
T4249 |
aux |
have,established |
R1020 |
T4263 |
T4261 |
pobj |
gene,of |
R6252 |
T30671 |
T30669 |
conj |
liver,muscle |
R6913 |
T31385 |
T31386 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R6917 |
T31388 |
T31389 |
det |
the,receptor |
R7457 |
T31970 |
T31971 |
nmod |
PGC,1α |
R7585 |
T32106 |
T32105 |
punct |
-,1α |
R7587 |
T32107 |
T32103 |
amod |
null,mice |
R7591 |
T32112 |
T32113 |
det |
the,preparation |
R7931 |
T32475 |
T32474 |
punct |
-,induced |
R7933 |
T32476 |
T32472 |
pobj |
obesity,to |
R7934 |
T32477 |
T32471 |
amod |
similar,resistance |
R8614 |
T33201 |
T33198 |
conj |
diseases,steatosis |
R8615 |
T33202 |
T33201 |
prep |
of,diseases |
R8616 |
T33203 |
T33204 |
det |
the,heart |
R8586 |
T33181 |
T33179 |
pobj |
model,as |
R8588 |
T33182 |
T33181 |
amod |
useful,model |
R8589 |
T33183 |
T33181 |
amod |
murine,model |
R8590 |
T33184 |
T33185 |
aux |
to,investigate |
R8592 |
T33185 |
T33181 |
advcl |
investigate,model |
R8593 |
T33186 |
T33187 |
det |
the,role |
R8594 |
T33187 |
T33185 |
dobj |
role,investigate |
R8596 |
T33188 |
T33187 |
prep |
of,role |
R8597 |
T33189 |
T33190 |
amod |
altered,metabolism |
R8599 |
T33190 |
T33188 |
pobj |
metabolism,of |
R8600 |
T33191 |
T33190 |
compound |
energy,metabolism |
R8601 |
T33192 |
T33187 |
prep |
in,role |
R8603 |
T33193 |
T33192 |
pobj |
obesity,in |
R8604 |
T33194 |
T33193 |
punct |
", ",obesity |
R8606 |
T33195 |
T33193 |
conj |
diabetes,obesity |
R8607 |
T33196 |
T33195 |
punct |
", ",diabetes |
R8608 |
T33197 |
T33198 |
amod |
hepatic,steatosis |
R8610 |
T33198 |
T33195 |
conj |
steatosis,diabetes |
R8611 |
T33199 |
T33198 |
punct |
", ",steatosis |
R8612 |
T33200 |
T33198 |
cc |
and,steatosis |
R8618 |
T33204 |
T33202 |
pobj |
heart,of |
R8619 |
T33205 |
T33204 |
punct |
", ",heart |
R8621 |
T33206 |
T33207 |
amod |
skeletal,muscle |
R8622 |
T33207 |
T33204 |
conj |
muscle,heart |
R8623 |
T33208 |
T33207 |
punct |
", ",muscle |
R8624 |
T33209 |
T33207 |
cc |
and,muscle |
R8625 |
T33210 |
T33211 |
amod |
central,system |
R8626 |
T33211 |
T33207 |
conj |
system,muscle |
R8628 |
T33212 |
T33211 |
amod |
nervous,system |
R8629 |
T33213 |
T33165 |
punct |
.,propose |