BB-norm+ner@ldeleger:BB-norm+ner-24361838
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bionlp-ost-19-BB-norm-ner-train
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| Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue | NCBI_Taxonomy | OntoBiotope |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T1 | 0-114 | Title | denotes | Evaluation of a lytic bacteriophage, Φ st1, for biocontrol of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium in chickens. | ||
| T2 | 115-2050 | Paragraph | denotes | In this study, a Salmonella Typhimurium lytic bacteriophage, Φ st1, which was isolated from chicken faecal material, was evaluated as a candidate for biocontrol of Salmonella in chickens. The morphology of Φ st1 showed strong resemblance to members of the Siphoviridae family. Φ st1 was observed to be a DNA phage with an estimated genome size of 121 kbp. It was found to be able to infect S. Typhimurium and S. Hadar, with a stronger lytic activity against the former. Subsequent characterisation of Φ st1 against S. Typhimurium showed that Φ st1 has a latent period of 40 min with an average burst size of 22 particles per infective centre. Approximately 86.1% of the phage adsorbed to the host cells within the initial 5 min of infection. At the optimum multiplicity of infection (MOI) (0.1), the highest reduction rate of S. Typhimurium (6.6 log₁₀ CFU/ml) and increment in phage titre (3.8 log₁₀ PFU/ml) was observed. Φ st1 produced adsorption rates of 88.4-92.2% at pH7-9 and demonstrated the highest bacteria reduction (6.6 log₁₀ CFU/ml) at pH9. Φ st1 also showed an insignificant different (P>0.05) reduction rate of host cells at 37 °C (6.4 log₁₀ CFU/ml) and 42 °C (6.0 log₁₀ CFU/ml). The in vivo study using Φ st1 showed that intracloacal inoculation of ~10¹² PFU/ml of the phage in the chickens challenged with ~10¹⁰ CFU/ml of S. Typhimurium was able to reduce (P<0.05) the S. Typhimurium more rapidly than the untreated group. The Salmonella count reduced to 2.9 log₁₀ CFU/ml within 6h of post-challenge and S. Typhimurium was not detected at and after 24h of post-challenge. Reduction of Salmonella count in visceral organs was also observed at 6h post-challenge. Approximately 1.6 log₁₀ FU/ml Φ st1 was found to persist in the caecal wall of the chicks at 72 h of post-challenge. The present study indicated that Φ st1 may serve as a potential biocontrol agent to reduce the Salmonella count in caecal content of chickens. | ||
| T3 | 16-21 | Phenotype | denotes | lytic | OBT:000107 | |
| T4 | 37-42 | Microorganism | denotes | Φ st1 | 12333 | |
| T5 | 62-101 | Microorganism | denotes | Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium | 90371 | |
| T6 | 105-113 | Habitat | denotes | chickens | OBT:003314 | |
| T7 | 132-174 | Microorganism | denotes | Salmonella Typhimurium lytic bacteriophage | 12333 | |
| T8 | 132-154 | Microorganism | denotes | Salmonella Typhimurium | 90371 | |
| T9 | 155-160 | Phenotype | denotes | lytic | OBT:000107 | |
| T10 | 176-181 | Microorganism | denotes | Φ st1 | 12333 | |
| T12 | 207-230 | Habitat | denotes | chicken faecal material | OBT:001102 | |
| T11 | 207-214 | Habitat | denotes | chicken | OBT:003314 | |
| T13 | 279-289 | Microorganism | denotes | Salmonella | 590 | |
| T14 | 293-301 | Habitat | denotes | chickens | OBT:003314 | |
| T15 | 321-326 | Microorganism | denotes | Φ st1 | 12333 | |
| T16 | 371-383 | Microorganism | denotes | Siphoviridae | 10699 | |
| T17 | 392-397 | Microorganism | denotes | Φ st1 | 12333 | |
| T18 | 505-519 | Microorganism | denotes | S. Typhimurium | 90371 | |
| T19 | 524-532 | Microorganism | denotes | S. Hadar | 149385 | |
| T20 | 550-564 | Phenotype | denotes | lytic activity | OBT:000107 | |
| T21 | 616-621 | Microorganism | denotes | Φ st1 | 12333 | |
| T22 | 630-644 | Microorganism | denotes | S. Typhimurium | 90371 | |
| T23 | 657-662 | Microorganism | denotes | Φ st1 | 12333 | |
| T24 | 807-817 | Habitat | denotes | host cells | OBT:000061 | |
| T25 | 941-955 | Microorganism | denotes | S. Typhimurium | 90371 | |
| T26 | 1037-1042 | Microorganism | denotes | Φ st1 | 12333 | |
| T27 | 1167-1172 | Microorganism | denotes | Φ st1 | 12333 | |
| T28 | 1239-1249 | Habitat | denotes | host cells | OBT:000061 | |
| T29 | 1332-1337 | Microorganism | denotes | Φ st1 | 12333 | |
| T30 | 1350-1362 | Habitat | denotes | intracloacal | OBT:001488 | |
| T31 | 1411-1419 | Habitat | denotes | chickens | OBT:003314|OBT:000700 | |
| T32 | 1452-1466 | Microorganism | denotes | S. Typhimurium | 90371 | |
| T33 | 1499-1513 | Microorganism | denotes | S. Typhimurium | 90371 | |
| T34 | 1557-1567 | Microorganism | denotes | Salmonella | 590 | |
| T35 | 1634-1648 | Microorganism | denotes | S. Typhimurium | 90371 | |
| T36 | 1715-1725 | Microorganism | denotes | Salmonella | 590 | |
| T37 | 1735-1750 | Habitat | denotes | visceral organs | OBT:000364 | |
| T38 | 1821-1826 | Microorganism | denotes | Φ st1 | 12333 | |
| T40 | 1855-1880 | Habitat | denotes | caecal wall of the chicks | OBT:001006 | |
| T39 | 1855-1861 | Habitat | denotes | caecal | OBT:001471 | |
| T41 | 1874-1880 | Habitat | denotes | chicks | OBT:000700|OBT:003314|OBT:003263 | |
| T42 | 1941-1946 | Microorganism | denotes | Φ st1 | 12333 | |
| T43 | 2003-2013 | Microorganism | denotes | Salmonella | 590 | |
| T44 | 2023-2049 | Habitat | denotes | caecal content of chickens | OBT:001470 | |
| T45 | 2023-2029 | Habitat | denotes | caecal | OBT:001471 | |
| T46 | 2041-2049 | Habitat | denotes | chickens | OBT:003314 |