LitCovid-sentences  

PMC:7601109 / 9375-14492 JSONTXT 10 Projects

Annnotations TAB TSV DIC JSON TextAE

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T59 0-4 Sentence denotes 2.1.
T60 5-17 Sentence denotes Royal Jelly:
T61 18-78 Sentence denotes Its Constituents, Biological, and Pharmacological Activities
T62 79-266 Sentence denotes Royal jelly is a thick, milky, white-yellowish, acidic colloid substance secreted from the hypopharyngeal and mandibular salivary glands of young nurse honey bees (5–15 days old) [32,43].
T63 267-441 Sentence denotes In general, fresh royal jelly mostly consists of water (67% w/w) in addition to carbohydrates (16%), proteins and amino acids (12.5%), fat (5%), and many other elements [32].
T64 442-668 Sentence denotes However, royal jelly content of these substances noticeably varies depending on numerous factors like botanical source, bee species, bee artificial feeding, weather, season, location, method of processing, and the like [2,44].
T65 669-779 Sentence denotes Protein is the most copious active element in royal jelly, representing half the weight of its dry matter [2].
T66 780-899 Sentence denotes It vastly comprises nine 49–87 kDa water-insoluble proteins, known as major royal jelly proteins 1–9 (MRJPs1-9) [2,45].
T67 900-1007 Sentence denotes MRJPs constitute more than 80% of royal jelly protein content, and MRJPs1–5 constitute 82–90% of all MRJPs.
T68 1008-1191 Sentence denotes MRJPs contain 400–578 amino acids that contribute to the antioxidant effect of royal jelly as well as its role in cell proliferation, cell adhesion, cell growth, and immunity [46,47].
T69 1192-1249 Sentence denotes Novel non-MRJPs proteins have been newly discovered [48].
T70 1250-1366 Sentence denotes Royalisin, jelleines, and aspimin are examples of other proteins that exist in royal jelly, albeit in small amounts.
T71 1367-1747 Sentence denotes These proteins as well as MRJPs demonstrate strong antimicrobial and bactericidal activities even against the most drug-resistant bacterial strains such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, vancomycin-resistant Enterococci, as well as extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Proteus mirabilis and Escherichia coli [28,29].
T72 1748-1885 Sentence denotes Carbohydrates (e.g., fructose, glucose maltose, trehalose, melibiose, ribose, and erlose) constitute 7.5–16% or royal jelly content [49].
T73 1886-2091 Sentence denotes Reducing sugars in royal jelly are thought to contribute to its epigenetic effect through the activation of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling cascades.
T74 2092-2224 Sentence denotes Thus, they stimulate caste differentiation of Apis mellifera larvae into queens by increasing intake of food and key nutrients [50].
T75 2225-2279 Sentence denotes Lipids make up 7–18% of the dry weight of royal jelly.
T76 2280-2508 Sentence denotes This fraction largely comprises a group of unique and rare saturated or monounsaturated short and medium chain fatty acids that are terminally or internally hydroxylated with terminal mono- or dicarboxylic acid functions [2,28].
T77 2509-2763 Sentence denotes The vast majority of royal jelly fat content (80–85%) consists of short hydroxyl fatty acids such as trans-10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid (10-HDA), which exists only in royal jelly; and therefore, it is known as royal jelly acid or queen bee acid [28,49,51].
T78 2764-2990 Sentence denotes 10-HDA is one of the most potent bioactive elements in royal jelly expressing strong anti-aging, neuroprotective, antiproliferative, antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and epigenetic effects [52,53,54,55,56,57,58].
T79 2991-3134 Sentence denotes In addition, the lipid fraction of royal jelly contains phenolic acids (4–10%), wax (5–6%), steroids (3–4%), and phospholipids (0.4–0.8%) [49].
T80 3135-3722 Sentence denotes A wide range of minor constituents and bioactive compounds exist profusely in royal jelly such as acetylcholine, nucleotides (adenosine, guanosine, adenosine tri-phosphate (ATP), adenosine monophosphate (AMP)), minerals (iron, sodium, calcium, potassium, zinc, magnesium, manganese, and copper), amino acids (8 out of 9 essential amino acids Val, Leu, Ile, Thr, Met, Phe, Lys, and Trp), vitamins (retinol (A), ascorbic acid (C), tocopherol (E), riboflavin (B2), niacin (B3), and other B vitamins), esters, aldehydes, ketones, alcohol, and minor heterocyclic compounds [2,28,49,59,60,61].
T81 3723-3872 Sentence denotes It is worth noting that royal jelly loses most of its bioactive ingredients and biological properties when stored at a temperature of 5 °C or higher.
T82 3873-3938 Sentence denotes Therefore, freezing is the best method to store royal jelly [62].
T83 3939-4141 Sentence denotes Enzymatic treatment of royal jelly removes allergen proteins and enhances its nutrient content in addition to improving its digestibility and absorption in the gut without altering its freshness [2,59].
T84 4142-4298 Sentence denotes Royal jelly has been historically used as a beautifying agent by famous queens such as Cleopatra, and it is still involved in the cosmetic industry [29,56].
T85 4299-4586 Sentence denotes Its rich content of bioactive compounds grants it a plethora of diverse health benefits such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neurotrophic, hypotensive, antidiabetic, antilipidemic, antirheumatic, anticarcinogenic, anti-fatigue, antiadipogenic, and antimicrobial activities [43,45,63].
T86 4587-4825 Sentence denotes Therefore, it is widely used to treat multiple serious conditions including diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, cancer, skin diseases, and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease [2,43,46,59,64].
T87 4826-5117 Sentence denotes In addition, bee queens (which enjoy long lifespan as well as super fertility and physical qualities) consume royal jelly throughout their entire lives, and royal jelly is considered a promising anti-aging nutraceutical that can positively enhance fertility and improve body composition [2].