PubMed:25286407
Annnotations
PubMed_Structured_Abstracts
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue |
---|---|---|---|---|
T1 | 154-594 | BACKGROUND | denotes | Analgesic discography (discoblock) can be used to diagnose or treat discogenic low back pain by injecting a small amount of local anesthetics. However, recent in vitro studies have revealed cytotoxic effects of local anesthetics on intervertebral disc (IVD) cells. Here we aimed to investigate the deteriorative effects of lidocaine and bupivacaine on rabbit IVDs using an organotypic culture model and an in vivo long-term follow-up model. |
T2 | 604-1121 | METHODS | denotes | For the organotypic culture model, rabbit IVDs were harvested and cultured for 3 or 7 days after intradiscal injection of local anesthetics (1% lidocaine or 0.5% bupivacaine). Nucleus pulposus (NP) cell death was measured using confocal microscopy. Histological and TUNEL assays were performed. For in vivo study, each local anesthetic was injected into rabbit lumbar IVDs under a fluoroscope. Six or 12 months after the injection, each IVD was prepared for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and histological analysis. |
T3 | 1131-1801 | RESULTS | denotes | In the organotypic culture model, both anesthetic agents induced time-dependent NP cell death; when compared with injected saline solution, significant effects were detected within 7 days. Compared with the saline group, TUNEL-positive NP cells were significantly increased in the bupivacaine group. In the in vivo study, MRI analysis did not show any significant difference. Histological analysis revealed that IVD degeneration occurred to a significantly level in the saline- and local anesthetics-injected groups compared with the untreated control or puncture-only groups. However, there was no significant difference between the saline and anesthetic agents groups. |
T4 | 1828-2206 | CONCLUSIONS | denotes | In the in vivo model using healthy IVDs, there was no strong evidence to suggest that discoblock with local anesthetics has the potential of inducing IVD degeneration other than the initial mechanical damage of the pressurized injection. Further studies should be performed to investigate the deteriorative effects of the local injection of analgesic agents on degenerated IVDs. |
Goldhamster2_Cellosaurus
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue |
---|---|---|---|---|
T1 | 260-261 | CVCL_6479|Finite_cell_line|Mus musculus | denotes | a |
T2 | 424-426 | CVCL_5M23|Cancer_cell_line|Mesocricetus auratus | denotes | we |
T3 | 524-526 | CVCL_8754|Cancer_cell_line|Homo sapiens | denotes | an |
T4 | 524-526 | CVCL_H241|Cancer_cell_line|Homo sapiens | denotes | an |
T5 | 557-559 | CVCL_8754|Cancer_cell_line|Homo sapiens | denotes | an |
T6 | 557-559 | CVCL_H241|Cancer_cell_line|Homo sapiens | denotes | an |
T7 | 983-984 | CVCL_6479|Finite_cell_line|Mus musculus | denotes | a |
T8 | 1002-1007 | CVCL_S732|Cancer_cell_line|Homo sapiens | denotes | or 12 |
T9 | 1196-1200 | CVCL_0047|Telomerase_immortalized_cell_line|Homo sapiens | denotes | time |
T10 | 1572-1573 | CVCL_6479|Finite_cell_line|Mus musculus | denotes | a |
T11 | 1948-1951 | CVCL_6758|Undefined_cell_line_type|Cricetulus griseus | denotes | has |
T12 | 1948-1951 | CVCL_E689|Transformed_cell_line|Homo sapiens | denotes | has |
GoldHamster
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue |
---|---|---|---|---|
T1 | 37-54 | D000777 | denotes | anesthetic agents |
T2 | 37-54 | D000777 | denotes | anesthetic agents |
T5 | 58-77 | UBERON:0001066 | denotes | intervertebral disc |
T6 | 58-90 | D055959 | denotes | intervertebral disc degeneration |
T7 | 58-90 | D055959 | denotes | intervertebral disc degeneration |
T10 | 109-113 | original_id | denotes | term |
T11 | 154-163 | CHEBI:35480 | denotes | Analgesic |
T12 | 233-246 | D017116 | denotes | low back pain |
T13 | 233-246 | D017116 | denotes | low back pain |
T16 | 242-246 | PR:Q9W0Y6 | denotes | pain |
T17 | 278-295 | CHEBI:36333 | denotes | local anesthetics |
T18 | 278-295 | D000779 | denotes | local anesthetics |
T19 | 278-295 | D000779 | denotes | local anesthetics |
T23 | 365-382 | CHEBI:36333 | denotes | local anesthetics |
T24 | 365-382 | D000779 | denotes | local anesthetics |
T25 | 365-382 | D000779 | denotes | local anesthetics |
T31 | 386-405 | UBERON:0001066 | denotes | intervertebral disc |
T29 | 386-405 | C535531 | denotes | intervertebral disc |
T30 | 386-405 | C535531 | denotes | intervertebral disc |
T32 | 407-410 | Q9FS87 | denotes | IVD |
T33 | 407-410 | Q9SWG0 | denotes | IVD |
T34 | 407-410 | P12007 | denotes | IVD |
T35 | 407-410 | P26440 | denotes | IVD |
T36 | 407-410 | Q3SZI8 | denotes | IVD |
T37 | 407-410 | PR:P12007 | denotes | IVD |
T38 | 407-410 | P34275 | denotes | IVD |
T39 | 407-410 | Q9JHI5 | denotes | IVD |
T40 | 407-410 | PR:Q9SWG0 | denotes | IVD |
T41 | 407-410 | Q75IM9 | denotes | IVD |
T42 | 407-410 | PR:P26440 | denotes | IVD |
T43 | 407-410 | Q5RBD5 | denotes | IVD |
T44 | 407-410 | PR:000009166 | denotes | IVD |
T45 | 407-410 | PR:Q9JHI5 | denotes | IVD |
T46 | 477-486 | 6387 | denotes | lidocaine |
T47 | 477-486 | D008012 | denotes | lidocaine |
T48 | 477-486 | CHEBI:6456 | denotes | lidocaine |
T49 | 477-486 | D008012 | denotes | lidocaine |
T51 | 491-502 | 1815 | denotes | bupivacaine |
T50 | 491-502 | D002045 | denotes | bupivacaine |
T52 | 491-502 | CHEBI:3215 | denotes | bupivacaine |
T53 | 491-502 | CHEBI:60790 | denotes | bupivacaine |
T54 | 491-502 | CHEBI:6149 | denotes | bupivacaine |
T55 | 491-502 | D002045 | denotes | bupivacaine |
T57 | 506-512 | 813859 | denotes | rabbit |
T56 | 506-512 | D011817 | denotes | rabbit |
T58 | 506-512 | 9986 | denotes | rabbit |
T59 | 573-577 | original_id | denotes | term |
T61 | 639-645 | 813859 | denotes | rabbit |
T60 | 639-645 | D011817 | denotes | rabbit |
T62 | 639-645 | 9986 | denotes | rabbit |
T65 | 726-743 | CHEBI:36333 | denotes | local anesthetics |
T66 | 726-743 | D000779 | denotes | local anesthetics |
T67 | 726-743 | D000779 | denotes | local anesthetics |
T71 | 748-757 | 6387 | denotes | lidocaine |
T72 | 748-757 | D008012 | denotes | lidocaine |
T73 | 748-757 | CHEBI:6456 | denotes | lidocaine |
T74 | 748-757 | D008012 | denotes | lidocaine |
T76 | 766-777 | 1815 | denotes | bupivacaine |
T75 | 766-777 | D002045 | denotes | bupivacaine |
T77 | 766-777 | CHEBI:3215 | denotes | bupivacaine |
T78 | 766-777 | CHEBI:60790 | denotes | bupivacaine |
T79 | 766-777 | CHEBI:6149 | denotes | bupivacaine |
T80 | 766-777 | D002045 | denotes | bupivacaine |
T83 | 780-787 | GO:0005634 | denotes | Nucleus |
T81 | 780-787 | CHEBI:33252 | denotes | Nucleus |
T84 | 780-796 | UBERON:0002242 | denotes | Nucleus pulposus |
T85 | 802-812 | GO:0008219 | denotes | cell death |
T87 | 958-964 | 813859 | denotes | rabbit |
T86 | 958-964 | D011817 | denotes | rabbit |
T88 | 958-964 | 9986 | denotes | rabbit |
T89 | 1041-1044 | Q9FS87 | denotes | IVD |
T90 | 1041-1044 | Q9SWG0 | denotes | IVD |
T91 | 1041-1044 | P12007 | denotes | IVD |
T92 | 1041-1044 | P26440 | denotes | IVD |
T93 | 1041-1044 | Q3SZI8 | denotes | IVD |
T94 | 1041-1044 | PR:P12007 | denotes | IVD |
T95 | 1041-1044 | P34275 | denotes | IVD |
T96 | 1041-1044 | Q9JHI5 | denotes | IVD |
T97 | 1041-1044 | PR:Q9SWG0 | denotes | IVD |
T98 | 1041-1044 | Q75IM9 | denotes | IVD |
T99 | 1041-1044 | PR:P26440 | denotes | IVD |
T100 | 1041-1044 | Q5RBD5 | denotes | IVD |
T101 | 1041-1044 | PR:000009166 | denotes | IVD |
T102 | 1041-1044 | PR:Q9JHI5 | denotes | IVD |
T103 | 1090-1093 | PR:000010565 | denotes | MRI |
T104 | 1090-1093 | PR:Q6AYH4 | denotes | MRI |
T105 | 1090-1093 | PR:Q8BHZ5 | denotes | MRI |
T106 | 1090-1093 | PR:Q9BWK5 | denotes | MRI |
T107 | 1170-1187 | D000777 | denotes | anesthetic agents |
T108 | 1170-1187 | D000777 | denotes | anesthetic agents |
T109 | 1214-1224 | GO:0008219 | denotes | cell death |
T110 | 1254-1269 | D000077330 | denotes | saline solution |
T113 | 1412-1423 | 1815 | denotes | bupivacaine |
T112 | 1412-1423 | D002045 | denotes | bupivacaine |
T114 | 1412-1423 | CHEBI:3215 | denotes | bupivacaine |
T115 | 1412-1423 | CHEBI:60790 | denotes | bupivacaine |
T116 | 1412-1423 | CHEBI:6149 | denotes | bupivacaine |
T117 | 1412-1423 | D002045 | denotes | bupivacaine |
T118 | 1453-1456 | PR:000010565 | denotes | MRI |
T119 | 1453-1456 | PR:Q6AYH4 | denotes | MRI |
T120 | 1453-1456 | PR:Q8BHZ5 | denotes | MRI |
T121 | 1453-1456 | PR:Q9BWK5 | denotes | MRI |
T122 | 1543-1546 | Q9FS87 | denotes | IVD |
T123 | 1543-1546 | Q9SWG0 | denotes | IVD |
T124 | 1543-1546 | P12007 | denotes | IVD |
T125 | 1543-1546 | P26440 | denotes | IVD |
T126 | 1543-1546 | Q3SZI8 | denotes | IVD |
T127 | 1543-1546 | PR:P12007 | denotes | IVD |
T128 | 1543-1546 | P34275 | denotes | IVD |
T129 | 1543-1546 | Q9JHI5 | denotes | IVD |
T130 | 1543-1546 | PR:Q9SWG0 | denotes | IVD |
T131 | 1543-1546 | Q75IM9 | denotes | IVD |
T132 | 1543-1546 | PR:P26440 | denotes | IVD |
T133 | 1543-1546 | Q5RBD5 | denotes | IVD |
T134 | 1543-1546 | PR:000009166 | denotes | IVD |
T135 | 1543-1546 | PR:Q9JHI5 | denotes | IVD |
T137 | 1613-1630 | CHEBI:36333 | denotes | local anesthetics |
T138 | 1613-1630 | D000779 | denotes | local anesthetics |
T139 | 1613-1630 | D000779 | denotes | local anesthetics |
T143 | 1776-1793 | D000777 | denotes | anesthetic agents |
T144 | 1776-1793 | D000777 | denotes | anesthetic agents |
T145 | 1930-1947 | CHEBI:36333 | denotes | local anesthetics |
T146 | 1930-1947 | D000779 | denotes | local anesthetics |
T147 | 1930-1947 | D000779 | denotes | local anesthetics |
T151 | 1978-1981 | Q9FS87 | denotes | IVD |
T152 | 1978-1981 | Q9SWG0 | denotes | IVD |
T153 | 1978-1981 | P12007 | denotes | IVD |
T154 | 1978-1981 | P26440 | denotes | IVD |
T155 | 1978-1981 | Q3SZI8 | denotes | IVD |
T156 | 1978-1981 | PR:P12007 | denotes | IVD |
T157 | 1978-1981 | P34275 | denotes | IVD |
T158 | 1978-1981 | Q9JHI5 | denotes | IVD |
T159 | 1978-1981 | PR:Q9SWG0 | denotes | IVD |
T160 | 1978-1981 | Q75IM9 | denotes | IVD |
T161 | 1978-1981 | PR:P26440 | denotes | IVD |
T162 | 1978-1981 | Q5RBD5 | denotes | IVD |
T163 | 1978-1981 | PR:000009166 | denotes | IVD |
T164 | 1978-1981 | PR:Q9JHI5 | denotes | IVD |
T166 | 2169-2185 | D000700 | denotes | analgesic agents |
T167 | 2169-2185 | D000700 | denotes | analgesic agents |
PubmedHPO
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue |
---|---|---|---|---|
T1 | 233-246 | HP_0003419 | denotes | low back pain |
T2 | 237-246 | HP_0003418 | denotes | back pain |
T3 | 242-246 | HP_0012531 | denotes | pain |