In Cambodia, we would like to acknowledge T.D. Vong, V. Hul and S. In for their support during the field surveys, and C. Garnero-Morena, G. Diffloth, B. Kilian, A. Beschaouch and N. Hayashi-Denis for their assistance. The field mission was organized by UNESCO under the permissions of the National Authority for Preah Vihear, the President, His Excellency Mr. Chuch Phoeurn and the Director of the Preah Vihear temple, Prof. Hang Soth. In Laos, we would like to thank N. Beevang, J. Fuchs, E. Ifticene, and S. Xaythany for their support during the field surveys, and C. Bear Khue, F. Bouvier, C. Hatten, R. Humphrey, A.M. Ohler, P. Rousseau, Mr. Tipavanh, M. Thoummabouth, K. Valakone, Y. Varelides, and A.G. Verdier for their assistance. The fieldwork was supported and organized by the UNESCO and « La Maison du Patrimoine » (World Heritage House) of Luang Prabang, and the Phongsaly Forest Conservation and Rural Development Project, a Lao-European cooperation. Survey permission and authorization for tissue samples collecting were granted by the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Department of Livestock and Fisheries. In Vietnam, we would like to acknowledge P.D. Tien (IEBR), D.Q. Thang and N.X. Nghia (Ngoc Linh NR) and N.T. Son (Vu Quang NP) for their support during the field surveys. We are grateful to L.X. Canh, T.H. Thai, N.V. Sinh and other colleagues of the IEBR, Hanoi for administrative assistance. The field research was done under the permissions of the People’s Committees of numerous provinces and the Vietnamese Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (Vietnam Administration of Forestry). The fieldwork was also supported by the “Société des Amis du Muséum et du Jardin des Plantes” and the National Research, Development and Innovation Fund of Hungary NKFIH KH130360. M.C. is funded by the SCOR Corporate foundation for Science. We are grateful to C. Bonillo, C. Ferreira, J. Lambourdière, and J. Utge (UMS 2700, MNHN) for their technical assistance. We would like to thank Huw Jones and Anne Ropiquet for helpful comments on the first version of the manuscript. This research was funded by the AAP RA-COVID-19, Grant Number ANR-21-CO12-0002, the CNRS, the MNHN, the INRA and the CEA (Genoscope).