Table 1  Variable measurement and reliability.
Variables  Measures  Scale  Reliability
Authoritarianism  A slightly dictatorial political leader is needed to resolve the coronavirus crisis.  Five-point scale (1. disagree, 5. agree)  0.806
Control about free media is needed to respond to the coronavirus problem.
To solve the coronavirus problem, individual liberties must be suppressed to a considerable extent.
Ideology  On a scale from one to ten points, where one point is the most conservative and ten points is the most progressive, where do you rate your political ideology?  Ten-point scale (1. conservative, 10. progressive)  -
Support for Moon’s government  How much do you support the Moon Jae-In administration?  Ten-point scale (1. disagree, 10. agree)  -
Religiosity  How much devoted to religion do you think you are?  Ten-point scale (1. not at all, 10. very much)  -
Trust in the government  How much do you trust the following subjects to provide coronavirus-related information? Government  Five-point scale (1. distrust, 5. trust)  -
Trust in doctors  How much do you trust the following subjects to provide coronavirus-related information? Doctors  Five-point scale (1. distrust, 5. trust)  -
Trust in SNS  How much do you trust the following subjects to provide coronavirus-related information? SNS  Five-point scale (1. distrust, 5. trust)  -
Trust in people  Generally speaking, how much do you think you can trust people in a relationship?  Five-point scale (1. can’t believe almost everyone, 5. can believe almost everyone)  -
Perceived risk  I am relatively more likely to get coronavirus compared to others  Five-point scale (1. disagree, 5. agree)  0.846
I am more vulnerable to coronavirus compared to others
Anxiety  After the coronavirus outbreak, how often do you feel the following items?1. My nerves have become sensitive. 2. I have no hope. 3. I am anxious. 4. I am so depressed that nothing can comfort me. 5. I have no value or meaning. 6. I am worried. 7. I am depressed. 8. I am nervous. 9. I cannot concentrate. 10. I am lonely.  Five-point scale (1. very occasionally, 5. very often)  0.964
Negative emotions  I am annoyed when I come across coronavirus-related information.  Five-point scale (1. disagree, 5. agree)  0.719
I feel anxious when checking coronavirus-related information.
I think the future is dark when I come across coronavirus-related information.
Perceived control  The coronavirus problem can be overcome through human effort.  Five-point scale (1. disagree, 5. agree)  0.666
Coronavirus-related risks can be overcome with my efforts.
Analytic thinking  Rather than analyzing coronavirus-related information carefully and logically, I made judgments based on intuitive feelings.  Five-point scale (1. disagree, 5. agree)  0.816
I interpret coronavirus-related information emotionally rather than rationally.
Blame attribution  People other than me contributed more to the coronavirus outbreak.  Five-point scale (1. disagree, 5. agree)  0.700
The responsibility for resolving the coronavirus outbreak lies with others rather than me.
Knowledge  I am familiar with coronavirus disease.  Five-point scale (1. disagree, 5. agree)  0.840
I know more about coronavirus disease than others do.
Quality of information  Coronavirus-related information provided by the government is objective and based on facts.  Five-point scale (1. disagree, 5. agree)  0.912
Coronavirus-related information provided by the government is scientifically based and professional.
Quantity of information  I have more coronavirus-related information than others have.  Five-point scale (1. disagree, 5. agree)  0.889
I have obtained a lot of meaningful information related to coronavirus disease.
Health status  I am healthy.  Five-point scale (1. disagree, 5. agree)  0.901
I am in good health compared to other people.
Health after COVID-19 (worse)  My physical health deteriorated after COVID-19.  Five-point scale (1. disagree, 5. agree)  0.771
My mental health deteriorated after COVID-19.