Stage i. Individual nodes send information to neighbors. Each node that has information at the beginning of each period sends its information to all its neighbors, so all (N+1) nodes might receive information from others. As information is spontaneously [19], rapidly, and extensively [22] misrepresented during transmission, and most people do not send more accurate information than they receive [17,18], we assume that information gets distorted and misrepresented during each transmission. Thus, the actual amount of information received is δxi due to information decay, where δ∼U(0,1), and we assume xi∈0,1 without loss of generality.