3.2.2.  Caco-2 permeability
Caco-2 is a human colon epithelial cancer cell line and is used as a model for human intestinal assimilation of drugs and other compounds. In the present study, whereas anaferine and withasomnine exhibited positive results indicating Caco-2 permeability, the remaining seven WS phytoconstituents displayed negative results. In case of standard reference drugs, procainamide, cinacalcet, arbidol and hydroxychloroquine displayed good permeability characteristics for Caco-2 (Table 4).