ition receptors (PRRs; Leiva-Juárez et al., 2018). ATII cells are known to express key endogenous PRRs like Toll-like receptors (TLRs), cyclic GMP–AMP synthase (cGAS); and retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLRs). Among these, cytosolic RLRs and