12.  Total: 222 Non-severe: 81 Severe: 67  • Higher NLR with lower levels of CD4+, CD8+ T cells in severe cases.• Higher cytokine levels of IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-6, and IL-10 was found in patients with high NLR. No significant difference in IL-4 levels were observed between severe and non-severe cases.• NLR was suggested as a predictive disease marker  Peripheral blood/Serum  (Zhang et al., 2020a)