According to antigenic and genetic criteria, CoVs are classified into three groups: α-CoVs, β-CoVs and γ-CoVs (17). Coronaviruses of human infection (hCoVs) are detected in both α-CoVs (hCoV-229E and NL63) and β-CoVs (MERS-CoV, hCoV-OC43, hCoV-HKU1, SARS-CoV-1, and SARS-CoV-2) (18). In addition to infecting humans, α-CoVs and β-CoVs can infect several species of mammals, including bats and pigs, while γ-CoVs infects birds, wild cats, pigs, and some species of marine mammals (19–22). CoVs have a high potential of jumping between species and their genome is characterized by high-frequency recombination and a high mutation rate (23).