Conclusions
Immunonutrition has been based on the concept that malnutrition impairs immune function. Therefore, immunonutrition involves feeding enriched with various pharmaconutrients (Omega 3 Fatty Acids, Vitamin C, Arginine, Glutamine, Selenium, Zinc, Vitamin, E and Vitamin D) to modulate inflammatory responses, acquired immune response and to improve patients’ outcomes.
Finally, we can conclude that personalized immunonutrition for obese patients should be the first therapeutic choice to reduce the risk of infections and the disease course in COVID-19 patient. In particular, the nutritional approach might be managed in two different strategies, considering the disease status of the obese patient. First, immunonutrition can decrease the risk of infections, reducing characteristic inflammation state. In addition, immunonutrition would be fundamental to support the immune response and protein synthesis in severe phase of COVID-19.