PMC:7589163 / 20839-22560 JSONTXT

{"project":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON","denotations":[{"id":"T147","span":{"begin":364,"end":370},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T148","span":{"begin":904,"end":927},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T149","span":{"begin":1277,"end":1300},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T150","span":{"begin":1400,"end":1423},"obj":"Body_part"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A147","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T147","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62970"},{"id":"A148","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T148","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma45661"},{"id":"A149","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T149","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma45661"},{"id":"A150","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T150","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma45662"}],"text":"In a recent meta-analysis, Hemilä and Louhiala analyzed the effect of vitamin C in preventing and treating pneumonia regardless of the etiology [65]. They reported three studies that show a \u003e80% lower incidence of pneumonia in the vitamin C groups, supporting the potential role of vitamin C in reducing the risk of pneumonia, particularly in individuals with low plasma vitamin C levels [66]. Furthermore, regarding the effect of vitamin C in treating pneumonia, in older patients, lower mortality and reduced severity of disease was found in the vitamin C group, particularly in the most ill patients. However, the authors concluded that the current evidence is too weak to advocate widespread prophylactic use of vitamin C to prevent pneumonia in the general population, and further studies are needed to clarify the population that could have a benefit from vitamin C use. The effect of vitamin C on upper respiratory tract infections, such as the common cold, has also been studied in several trials. Vitamin C supplementation significantly decreases the incidence and the severity of the common cold in people under heavy physical stress [67,68]. In a randomised controlled pilot study, Garaiova et al. have shown a significant reduction in the incidence and duration of upper respiratory tract infection, but no significant differences were observed in the incidence rate ratio or duration of lower respiratory tract infection [69]. A recent meta-analysis comparing vitamin C with placebo demonstrated that administration of extra doses of vitamin C at the onset of a common cold could help reduce the duration by about half a day, shorten the time confined indoors, and relieve the symptoms of a common cold [70]."}

{"project":"LitCovid-PD-UBERON","denotations":[{"id":"T47","span":{"begin":904,"end":927},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T48","span":{"begin":910,"end":927},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T49","span":{"begin":1277,"end":1300},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T50","span":{"begin":1283,"end":1300},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T51","span":{"begin":1400,"end":1423},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T52","span":{"begin":1406,"end":1423},"obj":"Body_part"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A47","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T47","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001557"},{"id":"A48","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T48","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000065"},{"id":"A49","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T49","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001557"},{"id":"A50","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T50","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000065"},{"id":"A51","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T51","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001558"},{"id":"A52","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T52","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000065"}],"text":"In a recent meta-analysis, Hemilä and Louhiala analyzed the effect of vitamin C in preventing and treating pneumonia regardless of the etiology [65]. They reported three studies that show a \u003e80% lower incidence of pneumonia in the vitamin C groups, supporting the potential role of vitamin C in reducing the risk of pneumonia, particularly in individuals with low plasma vitamin C levels [66]. Furthermore, regarding the effect of vitamin C in treating pneumonia, in older patients, lower mortality and reduced severity of disease was found in the vitamin C group, particularly in the most ill patients. However, the authors concluded that the current evidence is too weak to advocate widespread prophylactic use of vitamin C to prevent pneumonia in the general population, and further studies are needed to clarify the population that could have a benefit from vitamin C use. The effect of vitamin C on upper respiratory tract infections, such as the common cold, has also been studied in several trials. Vitamin C supplementation significantly decreases the incidence and the severity of the common cold in people under heavy physical stress [67,68]. In a randomised controlled pilot study, Garaiova et al. have shown a significant reduction in the incidence and duration of upper respiratory tract infection, but no significant differences were observed in the incidence rate ratio or duration of lower respiratory tract infection [69]. A recent meta-analysis comparing vitamin C with placebo demonstrated that administration of extra doses of vitamin C at the onset of a common cold could help reduce the duration by about half a day, shorten the time confined indoors, and relieve the symptoms of a common cold [70]."}

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{"project":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI","denotations":[{"id":"T341","span":{"begin":70,"end":79},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T342","span":{"begin":70,"end":77},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T343","span":{"begin":231,"end":240},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T344","span":{"begin":231,"end":238},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T345","span":{"begin":282,"end":291},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T346","span":{"begin":282,"end":289},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T347","span":{"begin":371,"end":380},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T348","span":{"begin":371,"end":378},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T349","span":{"begin":431,"end":440},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T350","span":{"begin":431,"end":438},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T351","span":{"begin":548,"end":557},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T352","span":{"begin":548,"end":555},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T353","span":{"begin":558,"end":563},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T354","span":{"begin":716,"end":725},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T355","span":{"begin":716,"end":723},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T356","span":{"begin":862,"end":871},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T357","span":{"begin":862,"end":869},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T358","span":{"begin":891,"end":900},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T359","span":{"begin":891,"end":898},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T360","span":{"begin":1006,"end":1015},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T363","span":{"begin":1006,"end":1013},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T364","span":{"begin":1473,"end":1482},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T365","span":{"begin":1473,"end":1480},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T366","span":{"begin":1547,"end":1556},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T367","span":{"begin":1547,"end":1554},"obj":"Chemical"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A341","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T341","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_21241"},{"id":"A342","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T342","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33229"},{"id":"A343","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T343","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_21241"},{"id":"A344","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T344","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33229"},{"id":"A345","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T345","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_21241"},{"id":"A346","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T346","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33229"},{"id":"A347","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T347","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_21241"},{"id":"A348","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T348","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33229"},{"id":"A349","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T349","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_21241"},{"id":"A350","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T350","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33229"},{"id":"A351","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T351","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_21241"},{"id":"A352","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T352","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33229"},{"id":"A353","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T353","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24433"},{"id":"A354","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T354","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_21241"},{"id":"A355","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T355","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33229"},{"id":"A356","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T356","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_21241"},{"id":"A357","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T357","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33229"},{"id":"A358","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T358","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_21241"},{"id":"A359","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T359","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33229"},{"id":"A360","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T360","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_21241"},{"id":"A361","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T360","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29073"},{"id":"A362","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T360","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38290"},{"id":"A363","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T363","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33229"},{"id":"A364","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T364","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_21241"},{"id":"A365","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T365","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33229"},{"id":"A366","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T366","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_21241"},{"id":"A367","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T367","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33229"}],"text":"In a recent meta-analysis, Hemilä and Louhiala analyzed the effect of vitamin C in preventing and treating pneumonia regardless of the etiology [65]. They reported three studies that show a \u003e80% lower incidence of pneumonia in the vitamin C groups, supporting the potential role of vitamin C in reducing the risk of pneumonia, particularly in individuals with low plasma vitamin C levels [66]. Furthermore, regarding the effect of vitamin C in treating pneumonia, in older patients, lower mortality and reduced severity of disease was found in the vitamin C group, particularly in the most ill patients. However, the authors concluded that the current evidence is too weak to advocate widespread prophylactic use of vitamin C to prevent pneumonia in the general population, and further studies are needed to clarify the population that could have a benefit from vitamin C use. The effect of vitamin C on upper respiratory tract infections, such as the common cold, has also been studied in several trials. Vitamin C supplementation significantly decreases the incidence and the severity of the common cold in people under heavy physical stress [67,68]. In a randomised controlled pilot study, Garaiova et al. have shown a significant reduction in the incidence and duration of upper respiratory tract infection, but no significant differences were observed in the incidence rate ratio or duration of lower respiratory tract infection [69]. A recent meta-analysis comparing vitamin C with placebo demonstrated that administration of extra doses of vitamin C at the onset of a common cold could help reduce the duration by about half a day, shorten the time confined indoors, and relieve the symptoms of a common cold [70]."}

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