Briefly, respiratory samples were first digested using v/v digestEUR (Eurobio) for 30 min under shaking. Mycological culture were performed after centrifugation of fluidified samples by inoculation of 100–200 µL of pellet on Sabouraud-Chloramphenicol dextrose Agar plates, and incubated for 7 days at 30 °C and 37 °C. Mold identification at genus or species complex level was performed microscopically, and confirmed at species level using MALDI-ToF mass spectrometry (MALDI Biotyper, Bruker France, Marne-la-Vallée, France), after fungal material extraction [9]. Spectrum profiles were then submitted to the Mass Spectrometry Identification (MSI) online database for definitive identification (https://msi.happy-dev.fr/ [10]).