Table 1 Summary of the main findings from the clinical trials of COVID-19 in mainland China.
Treatment Target population Reduces viral loads Improvement in clinical outcomes Main adverse effects
Lopinavir–ritonavir Severe COVID-19 Probable No significant acceleration in the time to clinical improvement Gastrointestinal tract symptoms; impairment of liver and kidney function



Remdesivir Severe COVID-19 Probable No significant acceleration in the time to clinical improvement Gastrointestinal tract symptoms; impairment of liver and kidney function



Favipiravir Severe COVID-19 Yes Increase the rate of improvement of chest computed tomographic findings Diarrhea; impairment of liver and kidney function



Chloroquine Moderate-to-severe COVID-19 Yes No significant acceleration in the time to clinical improvement Prolongation of Qt intervals; impairment of liver and kidney function



Convalescent plasma Critical illness of COVID-19 Yes No significant acceleration in the time to clinical improvement Unknown



Lianhuaqingwen capsule Moderate COVID-19 No Accelerate symptom improvement and increase the rate of symptom improvement impairment of liver and kidney function



Granulocyte colony stimulating factor Lymphopenic patients with COVID-19 No Decrease the likelihood of disease progression and increase the rate of symptom improvement Leukocytosis; osteodynia



Hydrogen oxygen mixed gas inhalation Symptomatic patients with COVID-19 Unknown Rapidly ameliorate respiratory symptoms Unknown